---
license: cc-by-4.0
language:
  - en
tags:
  - remote-sensing
  - satellite-imagery
  - cafo
  - bounding-box
  - multi-label
  - cafo infrastructure
dataset_type: image-classification
pretty_name: CAFO Infra Dataset
size_categories:
  - 10K<n<100K
---

---


# CAFO Infra Dataset (CAFOSat)

This dataset contains high-resolution satellite image patches used for identifying and analyzing Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs). It includes a mix of manually verified samples, augmented images, and geospatial metadata.

## Dataset Structure

The dataset is organized into compressed `.tar.gz` files by category:

- `STATE_filtered.tar.gz`: Original patches per U.S. state (e.g., `IA_filtered.tar.gz`, `AL_filtered.tar.gz`)
- `negative_samples.tar.gz`: Negative (non-CAFO) examples
- `barn.tar.gz`, `manure_pond.tar.gz`, `others.tar.gz`: Augmented samples by infrastructure type

All metadata, including image paths, labels, bounding boxes, and infrastructure flags, are stored in:

- `cafosat.csv`

## Features

Each sample includes:

- `patch_file`: Path to the image inside a `.tar.gz` archive (e.g., `IA_filtered.tar.gz::IA_filtered/crop_4517_patch_123.tif`)
- `label`: Integer class label (`0`: Negative, `1–6`: Livestock type)
- `barn`, `manure_pond`, `grazing_area`, `others`: Binary infrastructure flags
- `geom_bbox`: Bounding box for CAFO-related infrastructure
- `cafosat_*_train/test/val`: Split flags for multiple dataset configurations

## Labels

| Class ID | Class Name     |
|----------|----------------|
| 0        | Negative        |
| 1        | Swine           |
| 2        | Dairy           |
| 3        | Beef            |
| 4        | Poultry         |
| 5        | Horses          |
| 6        | Sheep/Goats     |

## Splits

This dataset includes multiple experimental splits defined in the CSV:
- `cafosat_verified_training`
- `cafosat_all_training`
- `cafosat_augmented_training`
- `cafosat_training_set1` / `set2`
- `cafosat_merged_training`

Each split column (e.g. `cafosat_verified_training_train`) is binary (`1` if the patch belongs to the split, else `0`).

## Intended Use

The dataset is intended for:
- CAFO detection and infrastructure classification
- Environmental monitoring
- Weak supervision and remote sensing research

## Licensing

This dataset is licensed under the **Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)** license.  
You are free to share and adapt the data, even commercially, as long as you give appropriate credit.

[View full license](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

## Citation

TBD

## Contact

For questions or contributions, contact `gza5dr@virginia.edu`.