crawl/traces/simpleQA_ALL/query_1026.csv

type,startTime,endTime,query,links_found,url,content_length,content,link_idx
tavily_search,0.0,2.69682240486145,Who won the bronze medal in the women's individual foil during the 1964 Summer Olympics?,5.0,,,,
page_scrape,2.772514820098877,5.907837867736816,,,https://www.nbcolympics.com/news/fencing-101-olympic-history-records-and-results,10005.0,"Mariel Zagunis celebrates after defeating Sada Jacobson to win the gold medal in women's sabre individual at the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.
By the 17th and 18th centuries, the sport of fencing had already begun to resemble what is seen at the Olympics today, with the invention of the flat-tipped foil weapon and wire-mesh masks, as well as rules governing procedure and target area.
Olympic fencing at Paris 2024: Biggest stories, replays, medal results, top athletes, highlights
Countries with the most Olympic fencing medals
In one of the highlight moments of the Tokyo Games for the United States,**Lee Kiefer** became just the second American woman to ever win individual Olympic fencing gold when she defeated raining women's foil champion**Inna Deriglazova** in the gold medal bout. Kiefer's subsequent embrace with longtime coach**Amgad Khazbak** , who honed Kiefer's talents from an early age in Lexington, Kentucky, became one of the signature emotional moments of the Games. Kiefer's husband,**Gerek Meinhardt** , also took home hardware as part of the United States' bronze medal-winning men's foil team.
**_Rio, 2016_** Russia had a hugely successful showing at the Rio Games. The Russians won seven medals, including the gold in men's team foil, women's individual foil, women's individual sabre and women's team sabre.**Yana Egorian** played a big role in the Russian women's success in her Olympic debut. For the second consecutive Olympics, the U.S. failed to take home a gold medal in fencing, though they did claim two silver and bronze medals.
**_London, 2012_** The London Games saw a shift in dominance as traditionally strong France left the piste empty handed. China earned a total of six medals, just one less than Italy who produced the most hardware across all disciplines. The Italians swept the podium in the women's individual foil event. However, three-time defending gold medalist**Valentina Vezzali** lost in the semifinals and left with bronze. First-time Olympian**Elisa Di Francisca** won gold against**Arianna Errigo** by a single touch. The fifth-ranked U.S. women won their first medal in the epee team event, beating out the second seeded Russian team for bronze. The women's individual epee semifinal ended with an hour long protest from South Korea's**Shin A-Lam** due to a controversial decision surrounding the reset of the time clock.**Alaaeldin Abouelkassem** won Egypt's first fencing medal, a silver, in the individual foil competition. He shared the honor with Venezuela's**Ruben Limardo** who won gold in individual epee and Norway's**Bartosz Piasecki** who took silver.
**_Beijing, 2008_** Legendary Italian fencer**Valentina Vezzali** took home her third straight gold in the foil event. The American women swept the individual sabre competition, with**Mariel Zagunis** ,**Sada Jacobson** and**Becca Ward** winning gold, silver and bronze, respectively. The three combined to give the U.S. a bronze in the team sabre event.
**_Athens, 2004_** Women's individual saber made its Olympic debut, and produced an unlikely champion. American fencer**Mariel Zagunis** , a 19-year-old who did not qualify for the Games, defeated China's**Tan Xue** , 15-9, for the gold medal. The victory, coupled with**Sada Jacobson** 's bronze, gave the U.S. its first medals in the 80-year history of Olympic women's fencing. Zagunis, whose parents rowed for the United States at the 1976 Montreal Olympics, was added to the American team two months after its selection by FIE, the sport's international governing body, when Nigeria declined to send its Olympic qualifier.
**_Sydney, 2000_** After avenging a 1996 gold-medal bout loss to Romania's**Laura Badea** in the semifinals, Italy's**Valentina Vezzali** -- her hair dyed red on this occasion -- routed**Rita Konig** of Germany, 15-5, to win the women's individual foil gold medal. Vezzali dedicated her victory to former instructor**Enzo Tricolli** , who died a few months before the Atlanta Games.
Traditionally successful France earned a nation-best six fencing medals. But Russia bookended the competition with gold in the men's individual epee (**Pavel Kolobkov**) and men's team sabre, defeating France on both occasions. Also,**Lee Sang-Ki**(bronze, men's individual epee) put South Korea on the Olympic fencing medal chart for the first time, shortly before**Kim Young-Ho**(men's individual foil) earned the nation its first gold in the sport.
**_Atlanta, 1996_** Women's individual and team epee events were introduced into Olympic competition. France's**Laura Flessel** , who was born in Guadeloupe but moved to Paris as a teen to focus on fencing, defeated countrywoman**Valerie Barlois** in the individual final. The duo then helped France win the team epee title as well.
**_Barcelona, 1992_****Giovanna Trillini** rallied from the repechage to win gold in women's individual foil, then led Italy to the first of what would be three consecutive Olympic titles in women's team foil. Trillini's total of four career gold medals is unsurpassed in women's fencing.
**_Seoul, 1988_** Behind a sweep of the women's individual foil event, West Germany won more fencing medals in Seoul than any other country (seven).**Arnd Schmitt** , a 23-year-old dental student, won gold in the men's individual epee with back-to-back, 10-9 victories in the semifinals and final.
**_Los Angeles, 1984_** Dominated for decades by European nations, fencing had its first Olympic medalist from Asia when China's**Luan Jujie** won gold in women's individual foil. Though absent from the individual men's foil podium for the first time since 1960, France took bronze in the team foil competition to earn its 14th medal in that event at the previous 15 Olympics.
**_Moscow, 1980_** As a member of the Soviet Union's silver-medal winning foil team,**Vladimir Lapitsky** almost died from wounds suffered during the semifinal match against Poland, when his opponent's foil broke through his protective clothing and penetrated his chest.
**_Mexico City, 1968_** Italy won a medal in the men's team epee competition at every Olympics from 1920 through 1964. But in Mexico City, that streak of success came to an end, as Hungary, the Soviet Union and Poland earned the medals. Italy placed sixth. Winning gold in the 1964 men's individual sabre competition,**Tibor Pezsa** made it 11 victories at the previous 12 Olympics for Hungary in that event. Hungarians won the individual sabre at every Games from 1908 through 1964, the exception being 1920, when Italian**Nedo Nadi** prevailed.
_Tokyo, 1964_
**_Tokyo, 1964_****Ildiko Ujlaki-Rejto** of Hungary -- who was born deaf -- won the gold medal in the individual foil event. When she began fencing as a teenager, her coaches communicated their instructions to her in writing.
**_Rome, 1960_****Viktor Zhdanovich** won the individual foil gold medal and helped the Soviet Union become the first nation since 1904 other than France or Italy to win the men's team foil event at the Olympics. A women's team event, foil, was added to the program for Rome, and the top-four teams were from the same countries as in the men's team foil: USSR, Hungary, Italy and Germany. However, the Hungarian women took silver, while their male counterparts finished fourth.**Heidi Schmidt** , a 21-year-old music teacher from Germany, won gold in the women's individual foil.
**_Melbourne, 1956_** Hungarian**Rudolf Karpati** won the sabre competition for his first individual gold medal. Karpati, an eventual six-time Olympic champion, attributed his fencing success to his love of music, because both involve rhythm and timing.
**_Helsinki, 1952_** Brothers**Edoardo** and**Dario Mangiarotti** of Italy finished first and second in the individual epee competition. Edoardo, converted by his father into a lefthander so he'd have an advantage in competition, ultimately competed at five Olympics and amassed a fencing-record 13 medals (6 gold, 5 silver and 2 bronze). Dario's career tally: one gold, two silver.
**_Paris, 1924_** Women's fencing was added to the Olympic program, with an individual foil competition. The victor was Denmark's**Ellen Osiier** , who won all 16 of her bouts, scoring 80 touches and receiving only 34. Ellen's husband was**Ivan Osiier** , an Olympic fencer whose career spanned 40 years.
**_Antwerp, 1920_** Versatile Italian**Nedo Nadi** won five of the six fencing competitions at the Games: all three team events, plus individual foil and sabre. Nadi, who won his first Olympic title as an 18-year-old at the Stockholm Games, was a World War I veteran decorated by the Italian government for his courage.
**_Stockholm, 1912_** France boycotted the entire fencing competition after its proposal to include the upper arm as an attackable surface was rejected. The Italians, meanwhile, refused to participate in the epee events after their federation's proposal to lengthen the weapon's blade was denied. In team sabre, Austrian**Otto Herschmann** added a fencing silver medal to the Olympic bronze he won in 1896 as a swimmer.
**_London, 1908_** Foil fencing was not included as a medal event in London because the organizers felt it wasn't ""a form of sport which is improved by competition,"" according to the official report. Individual foil was included for exhibition only and team foil was off the program completely until 1920.
**_St. Louis, 1904_** American**Albertson Van Zo Post** won five fencing medals in St. Louis, including gold in the ""single sticks"" event. Through 2021, he remains the only American man ever to win an Olympic gold medal in fencing.
**_Athens, 1896_** Fencing was among the nine sports on the 1896 Olympic program. The Athens competition drew Greek royalty, including King George I. Foil expert**Leon Pyrgos** , the son of a former fencing master in the army, became Greece's first gold medalist of the modern Games.
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",1.0
page_scrape,2.77360200881958,5.95904278755188,,,https://www.nbcolympics.com/news/us-fencers-kiefer-scruggs-make-history-gold-silver-womens-foil,3022.0,"# U.S. fencers Kiefer, Scruggs make history with gold, silver in women's foil
Kiefer defends fencing foil gold vs. U.S. teammate Scruggs
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Play Kiefer defends fencing foil gold vs. U.S. teammate Scruggs video
Major upsets in the elimination rounds set the stage for an action-packed conclusion to the women’s foil and men’s epee individual competitions at the Paris Olympics.
In women's foil, American**Lee Kiefer**successfully defended her Olympic title.
Her opponent in the gold medal match? Fellow American**Lauren Scruggs**, who reached the final after a major upset against world No. 1**Arianna Errigo**of Italy during the elimination rounds.
**Koki Kano**became the first Olympic champion for Japan in men's individual epee.
The final saw Scruggs and Kiefer become the first two Americans to compete against each other in a women’s foil gold medal match. Kiefer had a slow start, allowing Scruggs to score a few touches, but Kiefer’s in-fighting talent and experience earned her several key touches that gave her the lead. She became just the third woman to successfully defend her Olympic gold medal in this event when she won 15-6.
Scruggs finished with a silver medal in her Olympic debut.
In the bronze medal match, Harvey triumphed over Volpi in a surprise 15-12 win. Harvey made history by becoming Canada’s first-ever Olympic medalist in fencing, while Volpi finished fourth for a second consecutive Games.
**Women's individual foil medalists****🥇** Lee Kiefer (USA)🥈Lauren Scruggs (USA)🥉Eleanor Harvey (CAN)
Kano made history for Japan in the men's epee gold medal match against host country favorite**Yannick Borel**of France.
""I wanted to come here and get gold in the individual and I just did it,"" Kano said.
Kano may add a second gold medal from this Games when he attempts to defend his title in the Olympic men's team epee event on August 2. Borel's silver medal is his first finish on the men's individual epee podium out of four Olympics.
""It feels good to have a medal but it feels bad to lose the match,"" Borel said.
Earlier, in the first men’s semifinal match, Kano was victorious in a tight match against**Tibor Andrasfi**of Hungary. The two were tied 13-13 before going into a sudden-death tiebreaker round. Andrasfi had the priority, but Kano scored a touch to advance to the gold medal match.
The bronze medal match between Andrasfi and Elsayed concluded with dramatic clashes for the final touch.
""It was so, so intense. A lot of suspense happened in the last period,"" Elsayed, the first African fencer to win a medal in this event, said. ""It just feels amazing when you win and you realize that you're getting an Olympic medal.""
**Men's individual epee medalists****🥇** Koki Kano (JPN)🥈Yannick Borel (FRA)🥉Mohamed Elsayed (EGY)
Japan's Kano bests France's Borel for historic epee medal
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",2.0
page_scrape,2.7743442058563232,5.833280801773071,,,https://www.nbcolympics.com/news/lee-kiefer-lauren-scruggs-lead-us-historic-olympic-title-womens-team-foil,1947.0,"# Lee Kiefer, Lauren Scruggs lead U.S. to historic Olympic title in women's team foil
In an incredible gold medal match, the U.S. won its first women’s team foil medal — and its first-ever gold medal in any team fencing event. Once more, the American team — consisting of Kiefer, Scruggs,**Jacqueline Dubrovich**, and**Maia Weintraub**— plucked gold away from Italy. Japan also won its first women's team foil medal when it claimed third place by beating Canada in the bronze medal match.
The American and Italian women’s foil teams entered Paris’ Grand Palais to the roar of the sold-out crowd. The audience was pumped up and ready to see if Kiefer and Scruggs could repeat the success they had in the women’s individual foil event last week, which ended in the event’sfirst all-American final. The crowd was full of Italian fans eager for their country to win a women's foil medal in Paris after**Alice Volpi**finished fourth in the individual event.
""We have some unfinished business with the Americans,"" Errigo said heading into the gold medal round.
The Americans were able to hold off Italy 40-32 coming into the final bout. After Errigo was able to score several points to attempt to tie with the U.S., Scruggs decided enough was enough. She quickly earned the last five touches Team USA needed to win the gold medal 45-39. At long last, after 120 years, Americans had claimed an Olympic gold medal in a team fencing event — men's or women's — for the first time.
Earlier in the day, the bronze medal match between Canada and Japan started with the two countries going neck and neck for almost half the match. Canada played defensively until the Japanese started picking up points when they swapped**Karin Miyawaki**for replacement athlete**Komaki Kikuchi** in the fourth bout.
## **Women's team foil medalists**
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",3.0
page_scrape,2.7750768661499023,3.510678768157959,,,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_1964_Summer_Olympics_medal_winners,1035.0,"1964 Summer Olympics
* Medal table(medalists)
See also:Athletics at the 1964 Summer Olympics
### Women's events
### Women's events
| Individual road race | Individual pursuit
### Women
| Individual dressage | Individual eventing | Individual jumping | Individual épée | Individual foil | Team foil | Individual sabre
### Women's events
| Individual foil | Team foil | Individual all-around
### Women's
| Individual all-around | Individual | 400 m individual medley
### Women's events
| 400 m individual medley | Women's tournament
* 1964 Summer Olympics medal table
* _The Games of the XVIII Olympiad, Tokyo 1964 – The Official Report of the Organizing Committee_. Vol. II. Tokyo: Organizing Committee of the Games of the XVII Olympiad. 1964.
Olympic Games medal winners
* All-time Olympic Games medal table
* Pierre de Coubertin Medal
* List of stripped Olympic medals
* List of Olympic medals by host nation
* List of ties for medals at the Olympics
* Medalists at the 1964 Summer Olympics
List of 1964 Summer Olympics medal winners
",4.0
page_scrape,2.7757935523986816,5.653616666793823,,,https://www.npr.org/2024/07/28/nx-s1-5055086/fencing-kiefer-scruggs-gold-olympics-usa,1818.0,"**Team USA earns gold and silver in women's foil fencing in Paris Olympics****The pair made history, with Kiefer becoming the first American woman to earn two gold medals in individual foil. Scruggs became the first Black fencer to medal for the U.S. in an individual women's event.**
# U.S. fencers Kiefer and Scruggs take gold and silver in women's individual foil
United States' Lee Kiefer, center, winner of the gold medal of the women's individual Foil competition, celebrates on the podium with silver medal winner United States' Lauren Scruggs, left, and bronze medal winner Canada's Eleanor Harvey during the Paris Olympics on Sunday.**Andrew Medichini/AP******hide caption****
American fencers Lee Kiefer and Lauren Scruggs made Olympic history — both on their own and together — at the women's individual foil fencing event on Sunday.
Kiefer, 30, from Lexington, K.Y., took gold in foil for a second Olympics in a row afterdefeatingScruggs 15-6. The win made Kiefer the first American woman to earn two Olympic gold medals in individual foil.
### Team USA wins its first medal of the Paris Summer Olympics
Meanwhile, Scruggs, a 21-year-old Harvard student from Queens, N.Y., finished with her first medal — silver — in her Olympic debut. She also became the first Black fencer to win an Olympic medal for the U.S. in an individual women's event, TheAssociated Pressreported.
Together, it was the first time in Olympic history that two American women were medaled on the same podium in women's individual foil fencing. The last time U.S. fencers shared the podium was during the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing in women's individual saber.
### What's inside the mysterious boxed gift Olympic winners get with their medals
Canadian Eleanor Harvey brought home bronze — Canada's first Olympic medal in fencing.
",5.0
page_scrape,7.7124292850494385,8.718158960342407,,,https://www.nbcolympics.com/news/lee-kiefer-lauren-scruggs-lead-us-historic-olympic-title-womens-team-foil#main-content,1947.0,"# Lee Kiefer, Lauren Scruggs lead U.S. to historic Olympic title in women's team foil
In an incredible gold medal match, the U.S. won its first women’s team foil medal — and its first-ever gold medal in any team fencing event. Once more, the American team — consisting of Kiefer, Scruggs,**Jacqueline Dubrovich**, and**Maia Weintraub**— plucked gold away from Italy. Japan also won its first women's team foil medal when it claimed third place by beating Canada in the bronze medal match.
The American and Italian women’s foil teams entered Paris’ Grand Palais to the roar of the sold-out crowd. The audience was pumped up and ready to see if Kiefer and Scruggs could repeat the success they had in the women’s individual foil event last week, which ended in the event’sfirst all-American final. The crowd was full of Italian fans eager for their country to win a women's foil medal in Paris after**Alice Volpi**finished fourth in the individual event.
""We have some unfinished business with the Americans,"" Errigo said heading into the gold medal round.
The Americans were able to hold off Italy 40-32 coming into the final bout. After Errigo was able to score several points to attempt to tie with the U.S., Scruggs decided enough was enough. She quickly earned the last five touches Team USA needed to win the gold medal 45-39. At long last, after 120 years, Americans had claimed an Olympic gold medal in a team fencing event — men's or women's — for the first time.
Earlier in the day, the bronze medal match between Canada and Japan started with the two countries going neck and neck for almost half the match. Canada played defensively until the Japanese started picking up points when they swapped**Karin Miyawaki**for replacement athlete**Komaki Kikuchi** in the fourth bout.
## **Women's team foil medalists**
Watch
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A look back on Andy Murray's Olympic gold medal legacy
",3.0
page_scrape,7.814921617507935,11.036805391311646,,,https://www.nbcolympics.com/videos/kiefer-scruggs-lead-us-first-ever-team-fencing-gold,778.0,"After 120 years, the U.S. women's foil team — Lee Kiefer, Lauren Scruggs, Jackie Dubrovich and Maia Weintraub — defeated Italy, 45-39, to win the country's first-ever Olympic gold medal in a team fencing event.
U.S. fencers secure win against Canada in women's team foil
Team USA advances after women's team foil win over China
Egypt's Nada Hafez bests U.S. in women's individual sabre
Italy snatches gold from rival France in women's team epee
Poland earns first women's epee fencing medal against China
U.S. squeezes past Egypt in women's team épée
Japan triumphs over Italy for first men’s team foil gold
France conquers USA for bronze medal in men's team foil
Olga Kharlan leads Ukraine to gold in women's team sabre
Czechia nabs bronze medal from France in men's team epee
",3.0
page_scrape,8.21420693397522,9.193026781082153,,,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokyo_bid_for_the_1964_Summer_Olympics,11771.0,"(Redirected fromTokyo bid for the 1964 Summer Olympics)
Emblem of the 1964 Summer Olympics
10 October 1964 | 24 October 1964 | **Summer** ←→**Winter** ←→1964 Summer Paralympics | 1964 Summer Olympics The**1964 Summer Olympics**(Japanese:1964年夏季オリンピック,Hepburn:_1964-Nen Kaki Orinpikku_), officially the**Games of the XVIII Olympiad**(Japanese:第18回オリンピック競技大会,Hepburn:_Dai Jūhachi-kai Orinpikku Kyōgi Taikai_)and commonly known as**Tokyo 1964**(Japanese:東京1964), were an internationalmulti-sport eventheld from 10 to 24 October 1964 inTokyo, Japan. Tokyo had been awarded the organization of the1940 Summer Olympics, but this honor was subsequently passed toHelsinkidue to Japan'sinvasion of China, before ultimately being cancelled due toWorld War II. Tokyo was chosen as the host city during the 55thIOC Sessionin West Germany on 26 May 1959. The 1964 Summer Games were the first Olympics held inAsia, and marked the first timeSouth Africa was excludedfor using itsapartheid systemin sports.[2][3]Until 1960, South Africa had fielded segregated teams, conforming to the country's racial classifications; for the 1964 Games theInternational Olympic Committeedemanded a multi-racial delegation to be sent, and after South Africa refused, they were excluded from participating. The country was, however, allowed to compete at the1964 Summer Paralympics, also held in Tokyo, its Paralympic Gamesdebut.[4] The 1964 Games were also the first to be telecast internationally without the need for tapes to be flown overseas, as they had been for the1960 Olympicsfour years earlier. The games were telecast to the United States usingSyncom3, the firstgeostationarycommunication satellite, and from there to Europe usingRelay 1.[5]These were also the first Olympic Games to have color telecasts, albeit partially. Certain events such as the sumo wrestling and judo matches, sports popular in Japan, were tried out usingToshiba's new colour transmission system, but only for the domestic market. The entire 1964 Olympic Games was chronicled in the ground-breaking 1965 sports documentary film , directed byKon Ichikawa. The games were scheduled for mid-October to avoid the city's midsummer heat and humidity and the Septembertyphoonseason.[6]The previous Olympics inRomein1960started in late August and experienced hot weather. The following games in1968inMexico Cityalso began in October. The 1964 Olympics were also the last to use a traditional cinder track for the track events. Since 1968, a smooth, synthetic, all-weather track has been used. The United States topped the gold medal table at these Games, while the Soviet Union won the most medals overall. Torontowas an early bidder again in 1964 after the failed attempt for 1960 and failed to make the final round.[8] 1964 Summer Olympics bidding result[9] Competitor medal awarded to Irish yachtsmanEddie Kelliherat the games
* Judoandvolleyball, both popular sports in Japan, were introduced to the Olympics.[13]Japan won gold medals in three judo events, but DutchmanAnton Geesinkwon the Open category. TheJapanese women's volleyball teamwon the gold medal, with the final being broadcast live.
* Reigning world championOsamu Watanabecapped off his career with a gold medal for Japan in freestyle wrestling, surrendering no points and retiring from competition as the only undefeated Olympic champion to date at 189–0.[15]
* Soviet gymnastLarisa Latyninawon two gold medals, a silver medal and two bronze medals. She had held the record for most Olympic medals at 18 (nine gold, five silver, four bronze) which stood until broken by American swimmerMichael Phelpsin2012.[16]
* CzechoslovakiangymnastVěra Čáslavskáwon three gold medals, including the individual all-around competition, crowning her the new queen over the reigning champion Larisa Latynina.[17]
* Don Schollanderwon four gold medals in swimming.[20]
* 15-year-oldSharon Stouderwon four medals in women's swimming, three of them gold.
* New Zealand'sPeter Snellbecame the third person (after British Albert Hill in 1920 and Australian Edwin Flack in 1896) to win gold medals in both the 800 m and 1500 m in the same Olympics.[22]
* Joe Frazier, futureheavyweight championof the world, won a gold medal in heavyweight boxing while competing with a broken thumb.[25]
* Zambiadeclared its independence on the day of the closing ceremony of the 1964 Summer Olympics, thereby becoming the first country ever to have entered an Olympic games as one country, and left it as another.[27]This was celebrated in the ceremony itself by the team using a placard with ""Zambia"" instead of the ""Northern Rhodesia"" placard from the opening ceremony. Zambia was the only team to use a placard in the closing ceremony.[28]
The 1964 Summer Olympics featured 19 different sports encompassing 25 disciplines, and medals were awarded in 163 events. In the list below, the number of events in each discipline is noted in parentheses.
## Medal count
Main article:1964 Summer Olympics medal table Conventionally, countries are ranked by the number of gold medals they receive, followed then by the number of silver medals and, finally, bronze.[33] Ninety-four nations participated in the 1964 Games. Sixteen nations made their first Olympic appearance in Tokyo:Algeria,Cameroon,Chad,Congo,Côte d'Ivoire(as _Ivory Coast_),Dominican Republic,Libya(but it withdrew before the competition),Madagascar,Malaysia,Mali,Mongolia,Nepal,Niger,Northern Rhodesia,Senegal, andTanzania(as _Tanganyika_).[] Indonesiawas banned from the 1964 Olympics, due to its refusal to allow Israeli and Taiwanese athletes visas at the1962 Asian Games. Indonesia was originally banned on the meeting which took place inLausanneon 7 February 1963.[34]The decision was changed on 26 June 1964 citing the changed position of theGovernment of Indonesiatowards the Tokyo games.[34] | Gold medal events | October 1964 | Daily medal events | October 1964 Main article:Venues of the 1964 Summer Olympics TRANSPAC-1, the first trans-Pacificcommunications cablefrom Japan to Hawaii was also finished in June 1964 in time for these games. Before this, most communications from Japan to other countries were via shortwave.[39] Akappais considered an unofficial mascot of the 1964 Summer Olympics. As a visual aid for foreign visitors to the Games, this Olympics was the first to usepictograms, created byMasasa Katzumie, to represent each event visually. This became a standard visual component of the modern Olympics ever since.[43]The mythicalkappa, which featured on apinissued with the Olympic logo, is considered an unofficialmascotof the Games. Pins with a kappa were made annually beginning in 1956 for the Tokyo Sport festival, with the 1964 edition specifically commemorating the Olympics.[44] _The Oxford Olympics Study_ established the outturn cost of the Tokyo 1964 Summer Olympics atUS$282 million in 2015-dollars.[45]This includes sports-related costs only, that is, (i)_operational costs_ incurred by the organizing committee for the purpose of staging the Games, e.g., expenditures for technology, transportation, workforce, administration, security, catering, ceremonies, and medical services, and (ii)_direct capital costs_ incurred by the host city and country or private investors to build, e.g., the competition venues, the Olympic village, international broadcast center, and media and press center, which are required to host the Games. Indirect capital costs are _not_ included, such as for road, rail, or airport infrastructure, or for hotel upgrades or other business investment incurred in preparation for the Games but not directly related to staging the Games. The cost for Tokyo 1964 compares with costs of US$4.6 billion for Rio 2016, US$40–44 billion for Beijing 2008 and US$51 billion for Sochi 2014, the most expensive Olympics in history. Average cost for Summer Games since 1960 is US$5.2 billion.[] The 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo celebrated Japan's progress and reemergence on the world stage. The new Japan was no longer a wartime enemy, but a peaceful country that threatened no one, and this transformation was accomplished in fewer than 20 years.[46] Although public opinion about the Olympics in Japan had initially been split, by the time the games started almost everyone was behind them. The broadcast of the opening ceremony was watched by over 70% of the viewing public, and the women's volleyball team's gold medal match was watched by over 80%.[46] As with many other Olympics, observers later stated that 1964 Olympic preparation and construction projects had had a negative effect on the environment and lower income people.[48] TheJapan SocietyFall 2019 exhibition,_Made in Tokyo: Architecture and Living, 1964/2020_ , is an architectural exhibition that examines the social, cultural, economic, and political impacts of the 1964 Tokyo Olympics on the modernization of the Tokyo landscape (Homes, Offices, Retail Businesses, Athletic Stadiums, Hotels, and Transportation Stations). The exhibition was curated by the Japanese architectural firmAtelier Bow-Wow.[50] The majority ofJapanese castlesweresmashed and destroyedin the late 19th century in theMeiji restorationby the Japanese people and government in order to modernize and westernize Japan and break from their past feudal era of the Daimyo and Shoguns. It was only due to the 1964 Olympics in Japan that cheap concrete replicas of those castles were built in preparation for tourists.[51][52][53]The vast majority of castles in Japan today are new replicas made out of concrete.[54][55][56]In 1959 a concrete keep was built for Nagoya castle.[57] Countries that boycotted the 1964 Summer Olympics (shown in red on map) North Koreawithdrew its athletes from the 1964 Summer Olympics just before the Games were due to start, as theIOCwere refusing to accept any athletes who had participated in theGames of the New Emerging Forces(GANEFO) held inJakarta, Indonesia, in 1963.[58]ChinaandIndonesiaalso chose not to attend the Tokyo Games due to GANEFO issues.
* 1964 Summer Paralympics
* 1964 Winter Olympics
* , a documentary film about the 1964 Games.
* , a painting by Soviet artist Dmitri Zhilinsky portraying the USSR national artistic gymnastics team preparing for the 1964 Olympics.
* Tomizawa, Roy (2 July 2015).""Osamu ""Animal"" Watanabe – 189 Straight Victories in Wrestling""._The Olympians from 1964 to 2020_.Archivedfrom the original on 21 October 2019. Retrieved7 October2019.
* Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen;Mallon, Bill; et al.""Gymnastics at the 1964 Tokyo Summer Games""._Olympics at Sports-Reference.com_.Sports Reference LLC. Archived fromthe originalon 1 October 2019. Retrieved1 August2019.
* Martin, Alexander (5 September 2013).""The 1964 Tokyo Olympics: A Turning Point for Japan""._The Wall Street Journal_.Archivedfrom the original on 7 October 2019. Retrieved7 October2019.
* ""Olympic Games Tokyo 1964 – Medal Table"".Archivedfrom the original on 6 October 2009. Retrieved11 October2009.
* ""Tokyo 1964 – Mythological Creature (unofficial mascot)""._TheOlympicDesign_. Retrieved2024-08-20.
* ^Jump up to:Droubie, Paul (31 July 2008).""Japan's Rebirth at the 1964 Tokyo Summer Olympics""._aboutjapan.japansociety.org_. About Japan: A Teacher's Resource. Archived fromthe originalon 15 January 2010. Retrieved10 January2010.
* ^Jump up to:Whiting, Robert(24 October 2014).""Negative impact of 1964 Olympics profound""._The Japan Times_. p. 14. Archived fromthe originalon 2014-10-28. Retrieved8 August2021.
| Tokyo 1964 Olympics FilmonYouTube
* summer olympic 1964 / gettyimages
* All-time medal table


* Medal table leaders by Olympic Games
* Pierre de Coubertin Medal
* Participation of women
* 1964 in multi-sport events
* October 1964 sports events in Asia
1964 Summer Olympics
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page_scrape,10.322883367538452,11.102618217468262,,,https://www.nbcolympics.com/news/us-fencers-kiefer-scruggs-make-history-gold-silver-womens-foil#main-content,3022.0,"# U.S. fencers Kiefer, Scruggs make history with gold, silver in women's foil
Kiefer defends fencing foil gold vs. U.S. teammate Scruggs
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Play Kiefer defends fencing foil gold vs. U.S. teammate Scruggs video
Major upsets in the elimination rounds set the stage for an action-packed conclusion to the women’s foil and men’s epee individual competitions at the Paris Olympics.
In women's foil, American**Lee Kiefer**successfully defended her Olympic title.
Her opponent in the gold medal match? Fellow American**Lauren Scruggs**, who reached the final after a major upset against world No. 1**Arianna Errigo**of Italy during the elimination rounds.
**Koki Kano**became the first Olympic champion for Japan in men's individual epee.
The final saw Scruggs and Kiefer become the first two Americans to compete against each other in a women’s foil gold medal match. Kiefer had a slow start, allowing Scruggs to score a few touches, but Kiefer’s in-fighting talent and experience earned her several key touches that gave her the lead. She became just the third woman to successfully defend her Olympic gold medal in this event when she won 15-6.
Scruggs finished with a silver medal in her Olympic debut.
In the bronze medal match, Harvey triumphed over Volpi in a surprise 15-12 win. Harvey made history by becoming Canada’s first-ever Olympic medalist in fencing, while Volpi finished fourth for a second consecutive Games.
**Women's individual foil medalists****🥇** Lee Kiefer (USA)🥈Lauren Scruggs (USA)🥉Eleanor Harvey (CAN)
Kano made history for Japan in the men's epee gold medal match against host country favorite**Yannick Borel**of France.
""I wanted to come here and get gold in the individual and I just did it,"" Kano said.
Kano may add a second gold medal from this Games when he attempts to defend his title in the Olympic men's team epee event on August 2. Borel's silver medal is his first finish on the men's individual epee podium out of four Olympics.
""It feels good to have a medal but it feels bad to lose the match,"" Borel said.
Earlier, in the first men’s semifinal match, Kano was victorious in a tight match against**Tibor Andrasfi**of Hungary. The two were tied 13-13 before going into a sudden-death tiebreaker round. Andrasfi had the priority, but Kano scored a touch to advance to the gold medal match.
The bronze medal match between Andrasfi and Elsayed concluded with dramatic clashes for the final touch.
""It was so, so intense. A lot of suspense happened in the last period,"" Elsayed, the first African fencer to win a medal in this event, said. ""It just feels amazing when you win and you realize that you're getting an Olympic medal.""
**Men's individual epee medalists****🥇** Koki Kano (JPN)🥈Yannick Borel (FRA)🥉Mohamed Elsayed (EGY)
Japan's Kano bests France's Borel for historic epee medal
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Play A look back on Andy Murray's Olympic gold medal legacy video
A look back on Andy Murray's Olympic gold medal legacy
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page_scrape,11.708808898925781,12.552274942398071,,,https://www.nbcolympics.com/videos/kiefer-defends-fencing-foil-gold-vs-us-teammate-scruggs,846.0,"Kiefer defends fencing foil gold vs. U.S. teammate Scruggs
# Kiefer defends fencing foil gold vs. U.S. teammate Scruggs
American foilist Lee Kiefer defeated compatriot Lauren Scruggs 15-6 in the women's foil individual gold medal bout to repeat as Olympic champion.
Kiefer defends fencing foil gold vs. U.S. teammate Scruggs
Japan triumphs over Italy for first men’s team foil gold
France conquers USA for bronze medal in men's team foil
Olga Kharlan leads Ukraine to gold in women's team sabre
Czechia nabs bronze medal from France in men's team epee
U.S. fencers secure win against Canada in women's team foil
Team USA advances after women's team foil win over China
Egypt's Nada Hafez bests U.S. in women's individual sabre
Italy snatches gold from rival France in women's team epee
Poland earns first women's epee fencing medal against China
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