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| tavily_search,0.0,3.3496944904327393,Who did Governor W. Kerr Scott appoint to fill Joseph Melville Broughton Jr.'s vacant office after his death?,5.0,,,, |
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| See also:William Kerr Scott, Research Branch, NC Office of Archives and History,Mary Scott |
| A photograph of William Kerr Scott, circa 1930-1949. Image from the North Carolina Museum of History. |
| William Kerr Scott, U.S. senator, North Carolina governor, and agricultural leader, was born at Haw River inAlamance County. He was the sixth of eleven children of Robert Walter and Elizabeth Josephine Hughes Scott. A farmer by profession, his father served in the North CarolinaGeneral Assemblyand was a member of the State Board of Agriculture and a trustee of North Carolina State College. His mother died when Kerr (pronounced kär) was eighteen. |
| Scott attended Alamance County public schools, graduating from Hawfields High School in 1913. Four years later he received a B.S. degree in agriculture fromNorth Carolina State College, where he excelled in track and debating. |
| Following a brief stint as emergency food production agent for the U.S. Department of Agriculture, he enlisted as a private in the U.S. Army Field Artillery. Shortly after receiving his army discharge, Scott purchased 224 acres of land near his birthplace and began a lifelong career as a farmer. In 1920 he was elected master of theNorth Carolina State Grange. As master, he supportedrural electrificationduring the early days of the Great Depression. From 1934 to 1936 he served as regional director for the Farm Debt Adjustment Program, Resettlement Administration. |
| Scott first ran for public office in 1936, when he waged a successful campaign for the post of North Carolina commissioner of agriculture, defeating incumbentWilliam A. Graham. Serving for three terms, he led a successful effort to rid the state of Bang's disease, an ailment afflicting cattle. In 1938 the _Progressive Farmer_, a leading farm journal, named Scott Man of the Year, citing his attempts to revitalize theState Department of Agriculture. |
| By 1948, when Scott resigned as commissioner of agriculture to seek the state's highest office, he had established a broad base of support among Tar Heel farmers. Placing second in a field of six candidates in the May Democratic primary, he requested a runoff against state treasurerCharles M. Johnson. Scott's advocacy of improved roads and his plea for ending the state's ""deficit in services"" resulted in his victory over Johnson in the 26 June runoff primary. In the November general election he easily defeated Republican candidateGeorge M. Pritchardof Asheville, thus becoming the first farmer to be elected governor in the twentieth century. |
| Governor W. Kerr Scott between President Harry S Truman (left) and Wake Forest College president Harold Tribble (right) on October 15, 1951. Image from the North Carolina Museum of History. |
| In his 6 Jan. 1949 inaugural address, Scott assigned top priority to road construction and improvement and public school construction. His effective leadership was a major factor in voter approval of a $200 million bond issue for construction of a secondary road system and a $25 million bond issue for expansion of public schools in a 4 June 1949 referendum. Both bond issues were major projects in Scott's""Go Forward"" program, much of which was enacted into law by the 1949 General Assembly. |
| Scott's energetic leadership was directly responsible for expansion of electric andtelephone servicein the state's rural areas. During his term as governor 21,000 miles of power lines were strung to homes occupied by almost 150,000 people. |
| At a time when racial segregation was firmly embedded in the state's social fabric, Governor Scott appointed the first black man to serve on the State Board of Education,Dr. Harold Trigg, and ordered elimination of salary discrimination against staff members at the mental hospital for black people in Goldsboro. Moreover, recognizing the need to utilize the latent talents of North Carolina women, he appointed more women to state boards and commissions than any of his predecessors. Particularly significant was his selection of Miss Susie Sharp ofRockingham Countyas the first female superior court judge in the state's history. |
| Progressive measures proposed by Scott during his term included lowering the minimum voting age to eighteen, stricter enforcement of existing liquor laws and a statewide referendum on the question of liquor sales, stream pollution control, minimum wage legislation, and reinstatement of the 1947 motor vehicle inspection law repealed by the 1949 General Assembly. |
| When SenatorJ. Melville Broughtondied in 1949, Scott appointed ConsolidatedUniversity of North CarolinapresidentFrank P. Grahamto complete his unexpired term. Graham's defeat in his bid for a full Senate term in the 1950 Democratic primary diminished Scott's prestige and strengthened anti-Scott forces in the 1951 General Assembly. |
| When his gubernatorial term ended in January 1953, Scott returned to his Alamance farm; however, his retirement from public life lasted only a few months. A triumph over Wilmington attorney Alton Lennon in the 29 May 1954 Democratic primary assured Scott a seat in the U.S. Senate the following January. As a freshman senator, Scott spent the majority of his time listening and learning. On those few occasions when he did speak on the Senate floor, his remarks were invariably succinct. He served as a member of three Senate committees—Agriculture, Interior and Insular Affairs, and Public Works. On the latter committee he played a major role in the framing and enactment of legislation providing for financing the interstate highway network, then in its formative stage. Development of water resources and a more prosperous farm economy were goals he strove to achieve during his senatorial career. |
| His rural background, coupled with his daily custom of wearing a rose in his coat lapel, led one observer to describe Scott as ""a jet-propelled plowboy with a rose in his lapel."" During his entire public career ""the Squire of Haw River,"" as he was affectionately called, played the political game to the hilt to accomplish goals he considered worthwhile. He knew how to trade a vote, honor a pledge, do a favor, and demand one in return, always with the public well-being as his ultimate objective. |
| Throughout his life Scott was a champion of the average man or, in his phrase, ""thebranchhead boys."" Both as a governor and as a senator, his philosophy and programs reflected his years on country back roads with rural people. He felt equally at home making a college commencement address or milking a cow. |
| Scott suffered a heart attack early in April 1958 and was admitted to Alamance General Hospital, in Burlington, where he died. He was buried in the cemetery of the Hawfields Presbyterian Church near the graves of his parents and grandparents. |
| On 2 July 1919 Scott marriedMary Elizabeth White, a childhood friend whom he called ""Miss Mary"" throughout his life. They had two sons,Robertand Osborne, and a daughter, Mary Kerr. Both Scott and his wife were active members of the Hawfields Presbyterian Church. Even during Scott's term as governor, they seldom missed Sunday morning worship services in their home church. |
| _Memorial Services Held in the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States for William Kerr Scott_(1958). |
| _Public Addresses, Letters, and Papers of William Kerr Scott, Governor of North Carolina, 1949–53_(1957). |
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| Scott continued pursuing his interests in farming and dairy and was elected as the North Carolina Agriculture Commissioner in 1936. In this position, Scott led what historian Michael Hill calls a “successful fight to end Bangs disease” (an infection in cattle, also called Brucellosis of cattle, that causes miscarriages or premature calving most often between the fifth and eight month of pregnancy). In 1948 Scott resigned from his position as Commissioner and took on what historians have called the “Democratic party machine” by running for governor. In the primary Scott defeated six other Democratic candidates. One candidate, Charles Johnson, even had the endorsement of O. Max Gardner’s political machine. Without trouble, Scott defeated the Republican candidate, George Pritchard, in the general election. Scott’s victory, writes Hill, ended “almost “fifty years of Democratic politics in North Carolina [being] dominated first by the organization of Furnifold Simmons and then by that ofGardner.” Scott was known as a farmer-governor–the first since Elias Carr in 1892. |
| As governor of North Carolina from 1949 to 1953, the Alamance County native initiated the “Go Forward” program. Scott believed that surplus funds in state banks could be used. The legislature initially resisted his ideas for spending programs. But popular referenda approved bonds to be used for schools and roads. Scott wanted, in particular, to pave rural roads. In a little over one year, thousands of miles (4,658, over one-third of Scott’s goal) of North Carolina’s country roads were paved. Scott also urged utility companies to provide electrical and telephone services to rural areas. It was reported that after one year 83,000 telephones had been installed and eighty-eight percent of farmers had electricity. During Scott’s administration, the state legislature also appropriated money, writes historian William S. Powell, “to improve facilities for oceangoing ships at the state ports of Wilmington andMorehead City.” |
| Governor Scott was known for being progressive. He appointed not only Harold Trigg to the State Board of Education, the first African American member, but also the first female superior court judge,Susie Sharp. The farmer-governor also eliminated salary discrimination between white and black staff members at the state mental hospital. Also according to Powell, Scott recommended “lowering the voting age to eighteen, a statewide liquor referendum, stream pollution control, minimum wage legislation, and restoring a motor vehicle inspection law.” He was also known for encouraging the General Assembly to appropriate matching funds to buy pieces for the NC Museum of Art. The goal was to have a top-notch and nationally known museum. |
| Scott was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1954. He served in this capacity until his death on April 16, 1958. He is buried in Hawfields Presbyterian Church Cemetery near Mebane. |
| Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, William Kerr Scott, http: |
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| Scott in 1951 |
| Clyde R. HoeyJ. Melville BroughtonR. Gregg Cherry Scott (left) in 1951, withHarry S. TrumanandGordon Gray. **William Kerr Scott**(April 17, 1896 – April 16, 1958) was an American politician from North Carolina. A member of theDemocratic Party, he was the62nd governor of North Carolinafrom 1949 until 1953, and aUnited States Senatorfrom 1954 until 1958. A native ofAlamance County, North Carolina, and a farmer by training, Scott was a lifelong advocate for agricultural issues and became known in his home state as ""the Squire of Haw River."" He was elected as the state'sCommissioner of Agriculture, but resigned that post to run for governor in1948. His followers, popularly known as ""Branchhead Boys,"" fervently supported Scott in all his campaigns and remained a force in North Carolina politics for more than a decade following his death. Scott was born in 1896, the son ofRobert W. Scottand Lizzie Scott. He graduated from Hawfields High School in 1913 and subsequently enrolled in theNorth Carolina College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts(nowNC State University), graduating in 1917 with a Bachelor of Science in agriculture. He performed well as a student there, while also runningtrackand volunteering for theYoung Men's Christian Association. After graduating he briefly worked as an emergency food production agent for theUnited States Department of Agriculture. After the United StatesenteredWorld War I, he enlisted as a private in theUnited States Army. For four months he trained with field artillery atCamp Taylorin Kentucky. Shortly before he was due to enroll in officer training school, the war ended and he was discharged from service.[1] Kerr was the only child in his family who had political ambitions. His father advised him that he should acquire land and develop his agricultural enterprise to ensure that when he sought public office he could campaign without fear of losing his job due to political reprisal. Thus, after he was discharged from the army he borrowed $4,000 from his father and bought 224 acres of land. He cleared it and raised sheep and cattle.[1] Scott was inaugurated as Governor of North Carolina on January 6, 1949.[2]As governor, Scott created the ""Go Forward"" program with approval from the state legislature in 1949. He also signed a $200 million rural road building program, leading to nearly 15,000 additional miles of paved road in the state.[3]Immediately following his term as governor, he represented North Carolina in theUnited States Senatefrom 1954 to 1958. His son,Bob Scottserved as governor from 1969 to 1973, and his granddaughter,Meg Scott Phippsserved as North Carolina Commissioner of Agriculture from 2001 to 2003. Relative to other Southern Democrats, Scott was a moderate regarding racial issues during his time as governor. While he supported segregation, he appointed the first black member of the North Carolina Board of Education, Dr. Harold Trigg, and nominated University of North Carolina PresidentFrank Porter Grahamto fill a vacant United States Senate seat in 1949. Graham was regarded as one of the most racially and generally progressive figures in the South, and became victimized by pernicious attacks concerning his views on race relations when he campaigned the following year to maintain his senate seat. In an effort to defend Graham, Scott lent the full weight of his political organization to him and assiduously campaigned across North Carolina. Despite intervention from Scott, President Harry Truman, U.S. House Speaker Sam Rayburn, and others, Graham was defeated by conservative lawyer Willis Smith for the Democratic Party's nomination. The tenor of Willis Smith's campaign was considered so offensive that Scott's wife, First LadyMary White Scott, refused to shake the senator-elect's hand at an Executive Mansion reception.[]He was succeeded as governor byWilliam B. Umsteadon January 8, 1953.[2] Four years later, when Scott elected to run for the same U.S. Senate seat which had been contested by Graham, he was queried by a local reporter about how his campaign would respond to the race-baiting strategies that are imputed with the loss of his appointee. To this, he is said to have grinned and replied, ""I'll handle it, son. I'm not as good a Christian as Frank Porter Graham.""[] Scott attained the Senate seat by approximately 8,000 votes and served until he died of a heart attack in 1958.[]He was sworn in on November 29, 1954, instead of the following January, as he was filling a vacant seat. In December he voted to censure SenatorJoseph McCarthy.[4]As senator, Scott moved away from his previously moderate views on race. He was a signatory of theSouthern Manifesto, objecting to the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in _Brown v. Board of Education_ that state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students are unconstitutional. Reacting directly to the _Brown_ ruling, Kerr expressed his wish that the Supreme Court ""would reaffirm its own historic decisions approving equal, but separate, school facilities."" He added, ""I have always...been opposed to Negro and white children going to school together.""[5]Scott also opposed theCivil Rights Act of 1957and President Eisenhower's decision to send troops to escort black students toLittle Rock Central High School.[6] Scott died in Burlington, North Carolina on April 16, 1958, and is buried in Hawfields Presbyterian Church Cemetery inMebane, North Carolina. His son, Robert Scott, was also elected governor in the 1960s. TheW. Kerr Scott Dam and ReservoirinWilkes County, North Carolinaare named in honor of the governor.[7]While Senator, he greatly assisted in obtaining approval for construction of the dam and reservoir. In addition, a residence hall is named in his memory on the campus ofEast Carolina Universityand a technology building on the campus ofAppalachian State Universityis named for him. His home and farm, theKerr Scott Farm, was added to theNational Register of Historic Placesin 1987.[8] |
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| W. Kerr Scott |
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| Joseph Melville Broughton Jr. |
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| In 1948, Broughton was elected to the United States Senate, after defeatingWilliam B. Umstead, an appointed incumbent, in the Democratic primary.[8]In November, Broughton won both a special election to complete the Senate term[9]and an election for a full term.[10]He took office on December 31, 1948, but his service in the Senate was brief. |
| Appearing healthy, Broughton suddenly collapsed from a heart attack and died in Washington, D.C., on March 6, 1949. GovernorW. Kerr ScottappointedFrank Porter Grahamto fill his vacant office until the next election.[11] |
| Joseph Melville Broughton, Jr. was the son of Joseph Melville Broughton and Sallie Harris. He marriedAlice Willsonin 1916, they had four children. He was the nephew ofNeedham B. Broughtonand a first cousin ofCarrie Lougee Broughton.[12]He was also a first cousin of medical doctor and Baptist ministerLen G. Broughton. Broughton and his wife lived in theJolly-Broughton House, a Georgian Revival mansion located in Raleigh'sHayes Barton Historic District, before and after living in theNorth Carolina Executive Mansion.[13]He was interred at Montlawn Memorial Park in Raleigh. |
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| United States Congress.""BROUGHTON, Joseph Melville (id: B000894)""._Biographical Directory of the United States Congress_.atBiographical Directory of the United States Congress |
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| J. Melville Broughton |
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| See also:Joseph Melville Broughton, Research Branch, NC Office of Archives and History,Alice Broughton |
| Governor Joseph Melville Broughton at his desk in the Governor's Mansion in Raleigh, 1941-1945. Image from the North Carolina Museum of History. |
| Joseph Melville Broughton, governor of North Carolina and U.S. senator, was a Raleigh native, the son of Joseph Melville, head of the real estate firm of J. M. Broughton and Company, and Sallie Harris Broughton. His uncle,Needham Bryant Broughtonoperated a printing business. Graduating from theHugh MorsonAcademy in 1906, the young Broughton enteredWake Forest College, graduating and entering law school there in 1910. That same year he was admitted to the bar, but he chose not to begin practice immediately. From 1910 to 1912, he was principal of the Bunn High School. In 1912 he was a reporter for the _Winston-Salem Journal_for a few months. He attended Harvard Law School for the 1912–13 year and began practicing law inRaleighin 1914. |
| Broughton rapidly became involved in political and civic affairs in his native city. He had campaigned for Wilson in 1912, while a student at Harvard. Back home, he served as chairman of theDemocratic partyexecutive committee forWake Countyfrom 1914 until 1916. In 1918 he was appointed to the Wake Forest College Board of Trustees, a membership he was to hold until his death, except for one year. At the same time he became a member of the board of trustees forShaw Universityand began service of many years as its general counsel. He was president of the Raleigh Chamber of Commerce in 1918. During the 1920s he served on the Raleigh School Board (1922–29) and was twice appointed city attorney (1921–24). |
| A photograph of Governor J. Melville Broughton with his wife Alice, son Woodson, and daughter Alice. Image from the North Carolina Museum of History. |
| In 1948, Broughton ran for the U.S. Senate and defeatedWilliam B. Umstead, who had been appointed to fill the unexpired term ofJosiah Bailey. Broughton took the oath of office on 31 Dec. 1948 and served the few months until his death. Throughout his career, he represented those not connected with the monied interests and the so-called machine, and he never lost a political contest. |
| On 14 Dec. 1916, Broughton marriedAlice Harper Willson, daughter of William Willson, grand secretary of the Grand Lodge ofMasonsof North Carolina. She, like her husband, had been born, reared, and educated in Raleigh. They had four children, Alice Willson, Joseph Melville, Jr., Robert Bain, and Woodson Harris. Broughton died of a massive heart attack and was buried at Montlawn Memorial Park in Raleigh. |
| Emery B. Denny,_Address_(1959), and ""Joseph Melville Broughton,"" in _Public Addresses and Papers of Robert Gregg Cherry_ , ed. David Leroy Corbitt (1951). |
| ""Broughton, Joseph Melville, (1888 - 1949).""_Biographical Directory of the United States Congress._ Washington, D.C.: The Congress.http: |
| ""J. Melville Broughton 1888-1949."" N.C. Highway Historical Marker H-53, N.C. Office of Archives & History.https: |
| Broughton, J. Melville._Public addresses, letters and papers of Joseph Melville Broughton: Governor of North Carolina, 1941-1945._ Raleigh [N.C.]: Council of State, State of North Carolina,1950.https: |
| Moye, William T.""Broughton, Joseph Melville."" NCpedia.Dictionary of North Carolina Biography, University of North Carolina Press.Accessed on April 9th, 2025.https: |
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