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[Radiological anomalies in the Noonan syndrome (author's transl)].
|
In the Noonan syndrome various anomalies can be demonstrated radiologically. Of particular interest are cardiovascular lesions, such as atypical pulmonary stenosis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and the lymphangiectasias. Skeletal anomalies can be found, including retardation of bone maturation and sternal abnormalities. Other anomalies concern the urinary tract (pyeloureteral stenosis) and the digestive system. Radiological diagnostic procedures allow to disclose various elements of this polymalformative syndrome. They should be performed whenever suggestive clinical signs are present, e.g. hypertelorism, gonadal dysgenesis, down-slanting palpebral fissures and shield-like chest.
|
['Bone and Bones', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Child', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymphangiectasis', 'Lymphography', 'Male', 'Noonan Syndrome', 'Pulmonary Valve Stenosis', 'Urinary Tract', 'Urography']
| 6,285,490
|
[['A02.835.232', 'A10.165.265'], ['C14'], ['M01.060.406'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C15.604.360'], ['E01.370.350.700.475'], ['C05.660.207.690', 'C14.240.400.787', 'C14.280.400.787', 'C16.131.240.400.784', 'C16.131.621.207.690', 'C17.300.690'], ['C14.280.484.716', 'C14.280.955.750'], ['A05.810'], ['E01.370.350.700.830', 'E01.370.390.830']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
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| 1
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| 0
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|
Acid hydrolysis of silk fibroins and determination of the enrichment of isotopically labeled amino acids using precolumn derivatization and high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry.
|
Silk fibroins from moth larvae and spiders are composed of highly repetitive Ala- and Gly-rich blocks that determine their structure, properties, and function. To investigate the metabolic integration of isotopically labeled amino acids in the excreted silk, the enrichment of ingested tracers was determined after acid hydrolysis of the fibroins. Thus, spiders and moth larvae were fed with stable isotope tracers such as [1-13C]Ala or [1-13C]Gly and silked. After hydrolysis of the silk proteins, the corresponding amino acids were derivatized with Nalpha-(2,4-dinitro-5-fluorophenyl)-L-alaninamide (Marfey's reagent) and separated by liquid chromatography. The isotopical enrichment of the amino acids was determined by online electrospray mass spectrometry and calculated by newly developed software. Depending on the feeding protocol, enrichments of up to 58% in Gly and 31% in Ala were found in the investigated silks. The highly enriched silk fibroins are suitable for further structural investigation such as solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance.
|
['Acetic Acid', 'Alanine', 'Amino Acids', 'Animals', 'Bombyx', 'Calibration', 'Carbon Radioisotopes', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Diet', 'Dinitrobenzenes', 'Exocrine Glands', 'Fibroins', 'Hydrolysis', 'Insect Proteins', 'Larva', 'Nitrogen Radioisotopes', 'Silk', 'Software', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization', 'Spiders']
| 12,441,148
|
[['D02.241.081.018.165', 'D10.251.400.045.500'], ['D12.125.042'], ['D12.125'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.937.650.100'], ['E05.978.155'], ['D01.268.150.075.328', 'D01.496.123.328', 'D01.496.749.154'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.565.225', 'D02.640.529.240'], ['A10.336'], ['D05.750.078.875.500', 'D12.776.093.750.500'], ['G02.380'], ['D12.776.093.500'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['D01.268.604.500.520', 'D01.362.625.500.520', 'D01.496.586.520', 'D01.496.749.615'], ['D05.750.078.875', 'D12.776.093.750'], ['L01.224.900'], ['E05.196.566.600'], ['B01.050.500.131.166.803']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
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|
Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of bisoprolol enantiomers in humans.
|
The plasma concentrations and urinary excretions of bisoprolol enantiomers in four Japanese male healthy volunteers after a single oral administration of 20 mg of racemic bisoprolol were evaluated. The AUC(infinity) and elimination half-life of (S)-(-)-bisoprolol were slightly larger than those of (R)-(+)-bisoprolol in all subjects. The metabolic clearance of (R)-(+)-bisoprolol was significantly (P < 0.05) larger than that of (S)-(-)-bisoprolol (S/R ratio: 0.79+/-0.03), although the difference was small. In contrast, no stereoselective in vitro protein binding of bisoprolol in human plasma was found. An in vitro metabolic study using recombinant human cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms indicated that oxidation of both bisoprolol enantiomers was catalyzed by the two isoforms, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4. CYP2D6 metabolized bisoprolol stereoselectively (R > S), whereas the metabolism of bisoprolol by CYP3A4 was not stereoselective. The S/R ratio of the mean clearance due to renal tubular secretion was 0.68, indicating a moderate degree of stereoselective renal tubular secretion. These findings taken together suggest that the small differences in the pharmacokinetics between (S)-(-)- and (R)-(+)-bisoprolol are mainly due to the stereoselectivity in the intrinsic metabolic clearance by CYP2D6 and renal tubular secretion.
|
['Adrenergic beta-Antagonists', 'Area Under Curve', 'Bisoprolol', 'Blood Proteins', 'Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6', 'Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A', 'Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System', 'Half-Life', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mixed Function Oxygenases', 'Protein Binding', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Reference Values', 'Stereoisomerism']
| 9,523,980
|
[['D27.505.519.625.050.200.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.200.200'], ['E05.318.740.200', 'G03.787.101', 'G07.690.725.064', 'N06.850.520.830.200'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.085', 'D02.033.755.624.698.085', 'D02.092.063.624.698.085'], ['D12.776.124'], ['D08.244.453.005.600', 'D08.244.453.491.372', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.010.600', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.450.368', 'D12.776.422.220.453.010.600', 'D12.776.422.220.453.491.368'], ['D08.244.453.860.500', 'D08.811.682.662.582.353', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.495.500', 'D12.776.422.220.453.860.500'], ['D08.244.453', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170', 'D12.776.422.220.453'], ['G01.910.405'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.682.690.708'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E05.978.810'], ['G02.607.445.682']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
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|
Slime mold uses an externalized spatial "memory" to navigate in complex environments.
|
Spatial memory enhances an organism's navigational ability. Memory typically resides within the brain, but what if an organism has no brain? We show that the brainless slime mold Physarum polycephalum constructs a form of spatial memory by avoiding areas it has previously explored. This mechanism allows the slime mold to solve the U-shaped trap problem--a classic test of autonomous navigational ability commonly used in robotics--requiring the slime mold to reach a chemoattractive goal behind a U-shaped barrier. Drawn into the trap, the organism must rely on other methods than gradient-following to escape and reach the goal. Our data show that spatial memory enhances the organism's ability to navigate in complex environments. We provide a unique demonstration of a spatial memory system in a nonneuronal organism, supporting the theory that an externalized spatial memory may be the functional precursor to the internal memory of higher organisms.
|
['Physarum polycephalum', 'Pseudopodia']
| 23,045,640
|
[['B01.046.550.550.600.700.550'], ['A11.284.180.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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|
Changing diameters of cerebral vessels with age in human autopsy specimens: possible relationships to atherosclerotic changes.
|
AIMS/OBJECTIVES: It has been previously recognized that the anatomy of arterial bifurcations influences blood flow and has a significant role in the development of vascular disease.MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the present study, we measured the average diameters of the internal carotid (ICA), anterior cerebral (ACA), and middle cerebral arteries (MCA) in autopsy cases. We also calculated the outflow to inflow area ratios for four distinct age groups and for each gender, using 33 adult autopsies and 7 fetuses.RESULTS: The area ratios decreased with age in both male and female samples. The decrease in the male (30%, p<0.05) was greater than the decrease for the female (17%, p > 0.05). The average diameter of the ACA, MCA and ICA of both female and male cases increased up to the 25-44 age group, decreased for the 45-64 age group, with a second increase above the age of 65.CONCLUSIONS: The decrease in the area ratios and the pattern of changes of the dimensions of the cerebral vessels with age are useful to examine the causal relationships of these pathologic conditions and raises novel questions about age and gender differences in the structure of the intracranial vessels.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aging', 'Anterior Cerebral Artery', 'Atherosclerosis', 'Autopsy', 'Carotid Artery, Internal', 'Cerebral Arteries', 'Cerebrovascular Circulation', 'Female', 'Fetus', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Middle Cerebral Artery', 'Pregnancy', 'Sex Characteristics']
| 18,666,053
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G07.345.124'], ['A07.015.114.228.100'], ['C14.907.137.126.307'], ['E01.370.060', 'E05.070', 'I01.198.780.937.120'], ['A07.015.114.186.200.230'], ['A07.015.114.228'], ['G09.330.100.159'], ['A16.378'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A07.015.114.228.550'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
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|
In vitro and in vivo assessments of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaf extract as an alternative anti-streptococcal agent in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.).
|
PURPOSE: Rhodomyrtustomentosa is a Thai medicinal plant that has been attracting attention for its remarkable antibacterial properties against Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial properties of R. tomentosa leaf extract against Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus iniae isolated from infected tilapia.METHODOLOGY: The anti-streptococcal activity of R. tomentosa was determined using broth microdilution assays.RESULTS: The extract demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against the fish pathogens, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 7.8‒62.5 µg ml-1. It was found to possess a dose-dependent bacteriostatic effect on this organism. Scanning electron microscopy revealed irregular and long chains of swollen cells, as well as corkscrew shapes andincomplete separation of cell division of S. agalactiae cells following the treatment at sub-MIC. Moreover, S. agalactiae cells pre-treated with the extract became more sensitive to oxidative stress induced by H2O2 than the untreated cells. Based on the mortality of Nile tilapia after intraperitoneal infection of S. agalactiae at median lethal dose (LD50), the pre-treated cells caused a significant (P<0.01) reduction in mortality of S. agalactiae-infected Nile tilapia.CONCLUSION: The results suggested that R. tomentosa could be further developed as a simple and effective agent for the treatment of streptococcosis in Nile tilapia.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Cichlids', 'Drug Synergism', 'Fish Diseases', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Myrtaceae', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Plant Extracts', 'Plant Leaves', 'Streptococcal Infections', 'Streptococcus agalactiae', 'Streptococcus iniae']
| 28,425,874
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.602.200'], ['G07.690.773.968.477'], ['C22.362'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.773'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['A18.024.812'], ['C01.150.252.410.890'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.100', 'B03.510.400.800.872.100', 'B03.510.550.737.872.100'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.405', 'B03.510.400.800.872.405', 'B03.510.550.737.872.405']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
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| 1
| 0
| 1
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|
Concomitant immunosuppression and donor-specific transfusions prior to renal transplantation.
|
The induction of immunologic unresponsiveness to improve renal allograft survival was attempted in 151 patients by the pretransplant administration of donor-specific whole blood or buffy coat in conjunction with continuous Aza immunosuppression. All donor-recipient combinations were at least one-haplotype disparate and 21 were two-haplotype disparate. Presensitization was present in ten patients and attempts at desensitization were uniformly unsuccessful. Of the 151 nonpresensitized patients, transient sensitization occurred in 3% and permanent sensitization in 7%. Of 140 nonsensitized patients, 135 underwent renal transplantation from the specific blood donor and 56% have never experienced a rejection episode. The allograft survival rate at two years (93%) and seven years (87%) is significantly better (p less than .01) than our historical experience with one-haplotype living-related transplants at two years (68%) and seven years (59%). The low rate of sensitization (7%) has permitted almost all patients to undergo eventual renal transplantation from the specific blood donor. This and the low rate of early rejection (2%) argues for a modification of the immunologic response, perhaps by clonal deletion, rather than a selecting out process as the mechanism for improved allograft survival.
|
['Azathioprine', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Blood Transfusion', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Graft Rejection', 'Graft Survival', 'Histocompatibility Testing', 'Humans', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Tissue Donors', 'Transplantation, Homologous']
| 2,652,594
|
[['D02.886.759.111', 'D03.633.100.759.570.090', 'D13.570.900.111'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['E02.095.135'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['G12.875.545.328'], ['G12.875.545.340'], ['E01.370.225.812.385', 'E05.200.812.385', 'E05.478.594.385'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['M01.898'], ['E04.936.864']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of N on plant response to heat-wave: a field study with prairie vegetation.
|
More intense, more frequent, and longer heat-waves are expected in the future due to global warming, which could have dramatic ecological impacts. Increasing nitrogen (N) availability and its dynamics will likely impact plant responses to heat stress and carbon (C) sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems. This field study examined the effects of N availability on plant response to heat-stress (HS) treatment in naturally-occurring vegetation. HS (5 d at ambient or 40.5 degrees C) and N treatments (+/-N) were applied to 16 1 m(2) plots in restored prairie vegetation dominated by Andropogon gerardii (warm-season C4 grass) and Solidago canadensis (warm-season C3 forb). Before, during, and after HS, air, canopy, and soil temperature were monitored; net CO2 assimilation (P(n)), quantum yield of photosystem II (Phi(PSII)), stomatal conductance (g(s)), and leaf water potential (Psi(w)) of the dominant species and soil respiration (R(soil)) of each plot were measured daily during HS. One week after HS, plots were harvested, and C% and N% were determined for rhizosphere and bulk soil, and above-ground tissue (green/senescent leaf, stem, and flower). Photosynthetic N-use efficiency (PNUE) and N resorption rate (NRR) were calculated. HS decreased P(n), g(s), Psi(w), and PNUE for both species, and +N treatment generally increased these variables (+/-HS), but often slowed their post-HS recovery. Aboveground biomass tended to decrease with HS in both species (and for green leaf mass in S. canadensis), but decrease with +N for A. gerardii and increase with +N for S. canadensis. For A. gerardii, HS tended to decrease N% in green tissues with +N, whereas in S. canadensis, HS increased N% in green leaves. Added N decreased NRR for A. gerardii and HS increased NRR for S. canadensis. These results suggest that heat waves, though transient, could have significant effects on plants, communities, and ecosystem N cycling, and N can influence the effect of heat waves.
|
['Andropogon', 'Biomass', 'Ecosystem', 'Nitrogen', 'Plant Development', 'Plants', 'Solidago', 'Temperature']
| 19,017,129
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.055'], ['G16.500.275.157.100', 'N06.230.124.100'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['G07.345.625', 'G15.589'], ['B01.650'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.100.816'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The quantitative carbohydrate ingestion ratio for extensive skeletal muscle uptake in 18F-FDG PET/computed tomography.
|
OBJECTIVES: Extensive skeletal muscle accumulation (ESMA) of F-FDG adversely affects the visual interpretation of F-FDG PET/computed tomography (CT) images. We mainly investigated factors related to ESMA that are based on food compositions.METHODS: From January 2018 to June 2018, a total of 5554 patients underwent F-FDG PET/CT imaging with at least a 4-hour fast. Among them, 49 patients who exhibiting ESMA and 50 sex-matched and age-matched patients without ESMA were included in the study. The following factors were analysed: BMI, plasma glucose, gastric residue, the total energy of food the patient had before F-FDG injection and the percentages of the food ingredients. Multivariate analysis was performed to evaluate related risk factors between two groups.RESULTS: In brief, 49 cases and 50 controls were identified. The BMI, gross energy, gross energy of protein, gross energy of carbohydrate and proportion of protein of case group were not significantly different from that of the controls (P ? 0.05). The plasma glucose was significantly higher in the case group than in the control group (P = 0.002). The positivity of gastric food residue would more easily demonstrate ESMA than those without gastric food residue (P < 0.0001). The fasting time before scan, gross energy of fat, proportion of fat and proportion of carbohydrate in case group were significantly different with control group. After multivariate analysis, fasting time, gastric food residue and proportion of carbohydrate were investigated as independent risk factors.CONCLUSION: To avoid ESMA, patients should take a lower proportion of carbohydrate before receiving an F-FDG administration.
|
['Biological Transport', 'Dietary Carbohydrates', 'Female', 'Fluorodeoxyglucose F18', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography']
| 31,343,607
|
[['G03.143'], ['D09.301', 'G07.203.300.362', 'J02.500.362'], ['D09.254.229.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700.500', 'E01.370.350.350.810.645', 'E01.370.350.567.500', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.490', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.645', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.723', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.700', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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| 1
| 0
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|
Valinomycin-induced cation transport in vesicles does not reflect the activity of K+ transport systems in Escherichia coli.
|
Transport systems for K+ in Escherichia coli are not detectable in membrane vesicles, but vesicles will take up K+ (and Rb+) in the presence of valinomycin. It is generally believed that valinomycin acts as a lipid-soluble cation carrier and that it does not interact with or activate cation transport systems. This view is challenged by Bhattacharyya et al. (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 68:1448-1492, 1971), who reported reduced uptake in vesicles from E. coli mutants with K+ transport defects. We reexamined this question with some of the same mutants and were unable to confirm a correlation of valinomycin-induced vesicle transport with transport properties in intact cells. We found great variability in transport activity of vesicles from these E. coli K-12 strains and believe such variability as well as possible contamination with intact cells accounts for the earlier report. Our data do not support the idea that valinomycin-mediated transport in vesicles is related to physiological K+ transport systems.
|
['Biological Transport', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Escherichia coli', 'Ionophores', 'Potassium', 'Rubidium', 'Valinomycin']
| 3,514,580
|
[['G03.143'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D27.505.519.562.374', 'D27.720.395'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['D01.268.549.650', 'D01.268.556.800', 'D01.552.528.759', 'D01.552.544.800'], ['D04.345.566.297.500', 'D12.644.641.297.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Usefulness of a nonmachinery based system for the reinfusion of cell-free and concentrated autogenous ascitic fluid.
|
A nonmachinery based system using gravity dependent flow for the treatment and reinfusion of ascitic fluid was developed, and its usefulness was assessed. In a preliminary study using bovine plasma, samples with protein concentrations below 5.0 g/dl were found to be treatable with this system. Bovine plasma containing blood, prepared to 0.5% hematocrit and with a protein concentration of 3.0 g/dl, was also treatable. We conducted a clinical study of 1,799 treatment sessions (1,495 using a machinery based system and 304 using a nonmachinery based system) of 343 patients with ascites refractory to various treatments. The recovery ratio of protein from the original ascitic fluid was 96% using the nonmachinery based system and 77% with the machinery based system (p < 0.01). Of 253 continuous reinfusions of ascitic fluid using the nonmachinery based system, the original ascitic fluid at protein concentrations below 2.5 g/dl was treatable. Original ascitic fluid below a hematocrit of 0.7% (protein concentration, 1.4 g/dl) was also treatable. This new procedure was simple and time and labor saving; the high recovery ratio of protein also demonstrated the usefulness of the new system.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Ascitic Fluid', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Female', 'Filtration', 'Hematocrit', 'Humans', 'Infusions, Parenteral', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Peritoneum', 'Polymers', 'Proteins', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Sulfones', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 9,423,974
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A12.207.119'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['E05.196.454', 'G01.280', 'G02.263'], ['E01.370.225.625.400', 'E05.200.625.400', 'G09.188.370.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.510'], ['C06.552.630', 'C23.550.355.412'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A01.923.047.025.600', 'A10.615.789.596'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['D12.776'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['D02.886.590'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Uncovering the molecular mechanisms behind disease-associated leptin variants.
|
The pleiotropic hormone leptin has a pivotal role in regulating energy balance by inhibiting hunger and increasing energy expenditure. Homozygous mutations found in the leptin gene are associated with extreme obesity, marked hyperphagia, and impaired immune function. Although these mutations have been characterized in vivo, a detailed understanding of how they affect leptin structure and function remains elusive. In the current work, we used NMR, differential scanning calorimetry, molecular dynamics simulations, and bioinformatics calculations to characterize the effects of these mutations on leptin structure and function and binding to its cognate receptor. We found that mutations identified in patients with congenital leptin deficiency not only cause leptin misfolding or aggregation, but also cause changes in the dynamics of leptin residues on the receptor-binding interface. Therefore, we infer that mutation-induced leptin deficiency may arise from several distinct mechanisms including (i) blockade of leptin receptor interface II, (ii) decreased affinity in the second step of leptin's interaction with its receptor, (iii) leptin destabilization, and (iv) unsuccessful threading through the covalent loop, leading to leptin misfolding/aggregation. We propose that this expanded framework for understanding the mechanisms underlying leptin deficiency arising from genetic mutations may be useful in designing therapeutics for leptin-associated disorders.
|
['Humans', 'Leptin', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Mutation', 'Protein Stability']
| 29,950,524
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D06.472.699.042.500', 'D12.644.276.024.500', 'D12.644.548.011.500', 'D12.776.467.024.500', 'D23.529.024.500'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G02.111.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Raman spectroscopic method for identification of clinically relevant microorganisms growing on solid culture medium.
|
Routine clinical microbiological identification of pathogenic microorganisms is largely based on nutritional and biochemical tests. In the case of severely ill patients, the unavoidable time delay associated with such identification procedures can be fatal. We present a novel identification method based on confocal Raman microspectroscopy. With this approach it is possible to obtain Raman spectra directly from microbial microcolonies on the solid culture medium, which have developed after only 6 h of culturing for the most commonly encountered organisms. Due to the limited thickness of microcolonies, some of the underlying culture medium is sampled together with the bacteria. Spectra measured at different depths in a microcolony contain different amounts of the medium signal. A mathematical routine, involving vector algebra, is described for the nonsubjective correction of spectra for variable signal contributions of the medium. To illustrate the possibilities of our approach for the identification of microorganisms, Raman spectra were collected from 6-h microcolonies of five bacterial strains on solid culture medium. The classification results show that confocal Raman microspectroscopy has great potential as a powerful new tool in clinical diagnostic microbiology.
|
['Bacteriological Techniques', 'Culture Media', 'Gram-Positive Bacteria', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Spectrum Analysis, Raman']
| 10,655,628
|
[['E01.370.225.875.150', 'E05.200.875.150'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['B03.510'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['E05.196.822.860', 'E05.196.867.890']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Experimental model of acute pancreatitis in Wistar rat: glucocorticoid treatment profile.
|
Severe acute pancreatitis may be triggered by an extrapancreatic insult at the peri-Vaterian duodenum such as that occurring in the short-term, 20 min closed duodenal loop model in Wistar rat, which mimics biliary acute pancreatitis or that following endoscopy. Glucocorticoids are immunological modulators whose therapeutic value is worth investigating. Wistar male rats were used under standardized conditions. Acute pancreatitis was induced by instillation of a 7% sodium tauraocholate solution with 5 drops of methylene blue to monitor absence of duodenal bilio pancreatic reflux into the peri-Vaterian duodenum for 20 min. Detection of biliopancreatic reflux with methylene blue was an exclusion criterion. Different doses and times of administration of subcutaneous hydrocortisone were evaluated. Biochemical assays were carried out in blood samples and pancreatic and lung tissue, while histpathological studies were done in the pancreas, lung liver, duodenum, spleen, kidneys, suprarenal glands, and stomach. Animals subjected to the experimental model developed severe acute pancreatitis. According to the dose and time of administration, hydrocortisone therapy was effective and beneficial at a dose of 4 mg/kg give 30 min before inducing acute pancreatitis. It was ineffective when doses were <4 mg/kg and given before sodium taurocholate harmful when the dose was >4 mg/kg and given either before or after. Thus, the proposed model is valid and useful to study the initiation mechanism of acute pancreatitis caused extrapancreatically while its amelioration by glucocorticoid is related the dose and time factor to achieve therapeutical results.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Animals', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents', 'Cholelithiasis', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Hydrocortisone', 'Injections, Subcutaneous', 'Male', 'Pancreatitis', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic', 'Taurocholic Acid', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 12,924,636
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.158'], ['C06.130.409'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.600', 'D06.472.040.585.353.476', 'D06.472.040.585.478.392'], ['E02.319.267.530.620'], ['C06.689.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['E04.210.120.850', 'E04.210.240.250.840', 'E04.502.250.250.250.840', 'E04.515.750.500'], ['D02.455.326.146.100.850.875', 'D02.886.645.600.055.850.800', 'D04.210.500.105.225.900', 'D04.210.500.221.430.873'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The condensation of chromatin and histone H1-depleted chromatin by spermine.
|
At low ionic strength, spermine induces aggregation of native and H1-depleted chromatin at spermine/phosphate (Sp/P) ratios of 0.15 and 0.3, respectively. Physico-chemical methods (electric dichroism, circular dichroism and thermal denaturation) show that spermine, at Sp/P less than 0.15, does not appreciably alter the conformation of native chromatin and interacts unspecifically with all parts of chromatin DNA (linker as well as regions slightly or tightly bound to histones). In chromatin, the role of spermine could be more important in the stabilization of higher-order structure than in the condensation of the 30 nm solenoid. The addition of spermine to H1-depleted chromatin revealed two important features: (i) spermine can partially mimic the role of histone H1 in the condensation of chromatin; (ii) the core histone octamer does not appear to play any role in the aggregation process by spermine as DNA and H1-depleted chromatin aggregate at the same Sp/P ratio.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Chemical Precipitation', 'Chromatin', 'Circular Dichroism', 'DNA', 'Histones', 'Hot Temperature', 'Nucleic Acid Conformation', 'Nucleic Acid Denaturation', 'Spermine', 'Thymus Gland']
| 3,271,439
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['E05.196.150', 'G02.159'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.180', 'D12.776.664.224', 'G05.360.160.180'], ['E05.196.867.151'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D12.776.157.687.485', 'D12.776.660.720.485', 'D12.776.664.469'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['G02.111.570.820.486', 'G05.360.580'], ['E05.393.640', 'G02.111.603', 'G05.627'], ['D02.092.211.415.701.801.821', 'D02.092.782.802'], ['A10.549.750', 'A15.382.520.604.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Genetic variants of the XRCC7 gene involved in DNA repair and risk of human bladder cancer.
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between the polymorphisms of the KU70 and X-ray repair cross complementing group 7 (XRCC7) genes and the risk of bladder cancer.METHODS: This hospital-based case-control study included 213 patients with newly diagnosed bladder transitional cell carcinoma and 235 cancer-free controls frequency-matched by age and sex. Two polymorphisms, KU70 and XRCC7, using a method involving polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism were genotyped.RESULTS: The risk of bladder cancer decreased in a dose-response manner as the number of XRCC76721G alleles increased (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.70, 95% confident interval [CI] = 0.47-1.03 for 6721GT and OR = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.10-0.99 for 6721GG; P(trend) = 0.013). However, when we used 6721 (GT + GG) as the reference, we found a statistically significant increased risk of bladder cancer associated with the 6721TT genotype (OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.04-2.25). In the stratification analysis, this increased risk was more pronounced among subgroups of patients aged >65 years (OR = 2.27; 95% CI = 1.25-4.10) and ever smokers (OR = 2.06, 95% CI = 1.15-3.68). Furthermore, we observed a 3.24-fold increased risk (95% CI = 1.35-7.78) for smokers aged >65 years carrying 6721TT genotype compared with those carrying the 6721 (GG + GT) genotype. However, the KU70-61C > G polymorphism was not associated with a significantly increased risk of bladder cancer.CONCLUSIONS: The XRCC7 but not the KU70 polymorphism appears to be involved in the etiology of human bladder cancer. Larger studies with more detailed data on environmental exposure are needed to verify these initial findings.
|
['Aged', 'Carcinoma, Transitional Cell', 'Case-Control Studies', 'DNA Repair', 'DNA-Activated Protein Kinase', 'Female', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Risk Factors', 'Urinary Bladder Neoplasms']
| 18,422,577
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.430'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.250', 'D12.776.157.687.438', 'D12.776.660.720.438'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.660'], ['G05.365.795'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C04.588.945.947.960', 'C12.758.820.968', 'C12.777.829.813', 'C13.351.937.820.945', 'C13.351.968.829.707']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of green-leafy vegetable intake on postprandial glycemic and lipidemic responses and á-tocopherol concentration in normal weight and obese men.
|
Vegetable consumption has been encouraged as a component of nutritional education for obese and insulin-resistant patients. However, the benefits of vegetable intake in a therapeutic diet on postprandial glycemic and lipidemic responses have not been clarified. We studied the effects of the intake of spinach, a green-leafy vegetable rich in dietary fiber and á-tocopherol, with a fat-rich meal on postprandial glycemic and lipidemic changes. Fourteen normal weight and 10 obese men consumed three test meals of bread, as a control, bread and butter, and bread and butter with boiled spinach. Blood samples were obtained prior to and 30, 60, 120, 180 and 240 min after consuming the test meals. Compared with the bread meal, consumption of the bread and butter meal showed a reduced peak glucose response at 30 min in normal (p<0.05) but not in obese subjects. The increase in triglyceride and decrease in LDL-cholesterol were greater after the butter-containing meal than after the bread meal (p<0.05). The á-tocopherol/lipid level decreased and remained low after the bread and butter meal, but the decrease was smaller with the spinach-containing meal in obese subjects (p<0.05). These results suggest that green-leafy vegetable intake with a fat-rich meal is effective for supplying postprandial á-tocopherol in obese subjects, but consumption of a regular-sized dish cannot be expected to improve abnormal postprandial hyperglycemic or hyperlipidemic responses.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Glucose', 'Butter', 'Cholesterol, LDL', 'Dietary Carbohydrates', 'Dietary Fats', 'Dietary Fiber', 'Humans', 'Hyperglycemia', 'Hyperlipidemias', 'Lipids', 'Male', 'Obesity', 'Plant Leaves', 'Plant Preparations', 'Postprandial Period', 'Reference Values', 'Spinacia oleracea', 'Triglycerides', 'Vegetables', 'Young Adult', 'alpha-Tocopherol']
| 24,064,726
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['D10.212.302.199', 'G07.203.300.350.100', 'G07.203.300.375.200', 'J02.500.350.100', 'J02.500.375.200'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.244', 'D10.532.515.500', 'D10.570.938.208.275', 'D12.776.521.550.500'], ['D09.301', 'G07.203.300.362', 'J02.500.362'], ['D10.212.302', 'G07.203.300.375', 'J02.500.375'], ['D09.301.416', 'G07.203.300.400', 'J02.500.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.952'], ['C18.452.584.500.500'], ['D10'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['A18.024.812'], ['D20.215.784'], ['G10.261.700'], ['E05.978.810'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.200.800'], ['D10.351.801'], ['B01.650.160.956', 'B01.650.510.956', 'G07.203.300.850', 'J02.500.850'], ['M01.060.116.815'], ['D03.383.663.283.909.750.249', 'D03.633.100.150.909.750.249']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Formation of nanoscale elemental silver particles via enzymatic reduction by Geobacter sulfurreducens.
|
Geobacter sulfurreducens reduced Ag(I) (as insoluble AgCl or Ag(+) ions), via a mechanism involving c-type cytochromes, precipitating extracellular nanoscale Ag(0). These results extend the range of metals known to be reduced by Geobacter species and offer a method for recovering silver from contaminated water as potentially useful silver nanoparticles.
|
['Cytochromes c', 'Geobacter', 'Metal Nanoparticles', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Silver']
| 18,723,646
|
[['D08.244.286.100', 'D12.776.422.220.286.100'], ['B03.440.425.410.430', 'B03.660.125.305'], ['J01.637.512.600.500'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D01.268.556.812', 'D01.268.956.843', 'D01.552.544.812']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Atypical mycobacterial cutaneous infections in Hong Kong: 10-year retrospective study.
|
OBJECTIVE: To review the epidemiology of atypical mycobacterial cutaneous infection in Hong Kong.DESIGN: Retrospective study.SETTING: Social Hygiene Service (Dermatology Division), the largest dermatological referral centre in Hong Kong.PATIENTS: Patients with a diagnosis of atypical mycobacterial cutaneous infection based on clinical features, histopathology, with or without a positive culture during the period 1993 to 2002.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Epidemiological data, clinical features, histology, microbiological investigation, and treatment response.RESULTS: Of 345,394 dermatological cases presented over the 10-year period, 33 (0.0096%) cases (19 male, 14 female) of atypical mycobacterial cutaneous infection were diagnosed. The most common type of infection was caused by Mycobacterium marinum (n=17, 51.5%), followed by Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (n=3, 9.1%) and Mycobacterium chelonae (n=2, 6.1%). The upper limb, especially the hands and fingers, was the most common (69.7%) site of involvement. Tissue culture was positive in 18 (54.5%) cases. All biopsies showed granulomatous histology. Thirty-two patients received treatment and 31 responded. Twenty-six were treated with oral tetracycline group of antibiotics (minocycline, doxycycline, tetracycline). The duration of treatment ranged from 8 to 54 weeks (mean, 24 weeks). Mild transient adverse effects to treatment were reported in six cases.CONCLUSION: Atypical mycobacterial infection is rare in Hong Kong. Because of the low sensitivity of traditional culture techniques, atypical mycobacterial infection may be underdiagnosed if only culture-confirmed cases are included. Polymerase chain reaction provides a rapid and sensitive method to improve diagnostic accuracy. Tissue culture is crucial to determine antimicrobial susceptibility. In our study, tetracycline group of antibiotics, especially minocycline, was an effective treatment, particularly in cases caused by Mycobacterium marinum.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Female', 'Hong Kong', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous', 'Mycobacterium avium Complex', 'Mycobacterium chelonae', 'Mycobacterium marinum', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tuberculosis, Cutaneous']
| 16,495,585
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['Z01.252.474.164.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.475'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.720.100', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.720.100'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.720.225', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.720.225'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.720.500', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.720.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.588', 'C01.150.252.819.820', 'C01.800.720.820', 'C17.800.838.765.820']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Simple, fast and high-throughput single-cell analysis on PDMS microfluidic chips.
|
This paper demonstrated the chemical analysis of single cell on a cross PDMS microfluidic chip in a simple, fast, and high-throughput mode. The pre-stained cells were sequentially loaded into the cross section by hydrodynamic force, lysed by 0.2% SDS and subsequently the lysates were detected by LIF. Each cell can be lysed within 500 ms due to its high concentration of SDS at cross section resulted from the absence of electroosmosis after surface coating in microchannel. The reliability and quality of the analysis was confirmed by analysis of glutathione and rhodamine 123 in single K562 cells. In each run, approximately 100 cells could be analyzed in about 10 min, which demonstrated the comparatively high throughput. The proposed microfluidic method is simple, fast, and high throughput, which might be of significance in identifying the biological molecules involved in fast biochemical processes and studying heterogenous cells.
|
['Dimethylpolysiloxanes', 'Glutathione', 'Humans', 'K562 Cells', 'Microfluidic Analytical Techniques', 'Microfluidics', 'Nylons', 'Rhodamine 123']
| 19,130,590
|
[['D02.756.650.700.150', 'D05.750.900.850.150', 'D25.720.900.850.150', 'J01.637.051.720.900.850.150'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.251.210.190.510', 'A11.251.860.180.510', 'A11.443.240.497.480'], ['E05.588.465'], ['E05.830.666', 'H01.671.808.500', 'J01.897.520.500.500'], ['D05.750.716.392', 'D25.720.716.392', 'J01.637.051.720.716.392', 'J01.637.548'], ['D03.633.300.953.600.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Case of pneumatosis intestinalis and hepatic portal venous gas following a laparoscopic right hemicolectomy.
|
Hepatic portal venous gas (HPVG) in most cases signifies either mechanical migration of air into the portal system due to bowel ischaemia (pneumatosis intestinalis) or portal sepsis due to gas-forming organisms. Successful management of portal sepsis involves early identification of the condition, intensive resuscitation, broad-spectrum antibiotics and a laparotomy for possible bowel ischaemia. In this report, we discuss the case of a patient with pneumatosis intestinalis and HPVG after an elective laparoscopic right hemicolectomy. After an initial slow recovery, on postoperative day seven, the patient had profuse diarrhoea and confusion, and was hyponatraemic. A CT scan revealed pneumatosis intestinalis and HPVG. A laparotomy showed no obvious cause for HPVG and there was no ischaemic bowel. She was managed with intensive care, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, broad-spectrum antibiotics and total-parenteral nutrition. She has made a good recovery. This case highlights the presenting features, differential diagnoses, and management of pneumatosis intestinalis and HPVG.
|
['Aged', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Colectomy', 'Disease Management', 'Embolism, Air', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyperbaric Oxygenation', 'Laparoscopy', 'Parenteral Nutrition', 'Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis', 'Portal Vein']
| 27,001,599
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['E04.210.219'], ['N04.590.607'], ['C14.907.355.350.254'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.880.690.490'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['E02.421.505', 'E02.642.500.505'], ['C06.405.469.778'], ['A07.015.908.670.567']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Neuronal Activity in the Primate Amygdala during Economic Choice.
|
Multiple lines of evidence link economic choices to the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), but other brain regions may contribute to the computation and comparison of economic values. A particularly strong candidate is the basolateral amygdala (BLA). Amygdala lesions impair performance in reinforcer devaluation tasks, suggesting that the BLA contributes to value computation. Furthermore, previous studies of the BLA have found neuronal activity consistent with a value representation. Here, we recorded from the BLA of two male rhesus macaques choosing between different juices. Offered quantities varied from trial to trial, and relative values were inferred from choices. Approximately one-third of BLA cells were task-related. Our analyses revealed the presence of three groups of neurons encoding variables offer value, chosen value, and chosen juice In this respect, the BLA appeared similar to the OFC. The two areas differed for the proportion of neurons in each group, as the fraction of chosen value cells was significantly higher in the BLA. Importantly, the activity of these neurons reflected the subjective nature of value. Firing rates in the BLA were sustained throughout the trial and maximal after juice delivery. In contrast, firing rates in the OFC were phasic and maximal shortly after offer presentation. Our results suggest that the BLA supports economic choice and reward expectation.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Economic choices rely on the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), but other brain regions may contribute to this behavior. A strong candidate is the basolateral amygdala (BLA). Previous results are consistent with a neuronal representation of value, but the role of the BLA in economic decisions remains unclear. Here, we recorded from monkeys choosing between juices. Neurons in the BLA encoded three decision variables: offer value, chosen value, and chosen juice These variables were also identified in the OFC. The two areas differed in the proportion of cells encoding each variable and in the activation timing. In the OFC, firing rates peaked shortly after offer presentation; in the BLA, firing rates were sustained and peaked after juice delivery. These results suggest that the BLA supports choices and reward expectation.
|
['Animals', 'Basolateral Nuclear Complex', 'Choice Behavior', 'Macaca mulatta', 'Male', 'Neurons', 'Reward']
| 31,871,277
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211.180.090.500', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.152.500'], ['F02.463.785.373.346'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510.550'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['F02.463.425.770.836']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Low-voltage digital selenium radiography: detection of simulated interstitial lung disease, nodules, and catheters--a phantom study.
|
PURPOSE: To compare three tube voltages in digital selenium radiography for the detection of simulated interstitial lung disease, nodules, and catheters.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Simulated catheters, nodules, and ground-glass, linear, miliary, and reticular patterns were superimposed over an anthropomorphic chest phantom. Digital selenium radiography was performed with different tube voltages (70, 90, and 150 kVp). Hard-copy images were generated. Detection performance of five radiologists was compared by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis involving 54,000 observations.RESULTS: The detection of ground-glass, linear, miliary, and reticular patterns over lucent lung and of nodules equal to, smaller than, and larger than 10 mm increased when 70 kVp and/or 90 kVp was used. However, only the reticular pattern was significantly better detected at lower peak voltage (P <.05). Simulated catheters and nodules over the mediastinum showed smaller areas under the ROC curve at lower peak voltage. These results were not statistically significant (P >.05).CONCLUSION: The diagnostic performance of digital selenium radiography at lower peak voltage is at least as good as that at higher peak voltage for interstitial lung disease over lucent lung. Performance is equivalent for nodules and catheters over obscured chest regions at lower peak voltages compared with that at 150 kVp. Our results implicate that the use of high-voltage technique in digital selenium radiography should be reassessed.
|
['Catheterization', 'Lung Diseases', 'Lung Diseases, Interstitial', 'Phantoms, Imaging', 'Radiography', 'Selenium']
| 15,273,341
|
[['E02.148', 'E05.157'], ['C08.381'], ['C08.381.483'], ['E07.671'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['D01.268.185.850', 'D01.578.700']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Community control of cardiovascular diseases. The pro and cons.
|
The need for an effective control of cardiovascular diseases is evident. Possibilities to achieve this both in the curative and the preventive field are restricted mainly due to the insufficient knowledge of their etiopathogenesis. Although the cause is not known, the discovery to risk factors provides a sound evidence for prevention. Attempts to reverse elevated risk factor levels are all directed towards a more healthy way of life. Group oriented prevention is one of the most frequently applied approaches to test the hypothesis of preventability. While it offers many advantages, the delayed timing of the intervention and the restricted coverage limits the possibility of inference from its results. The community approach implies acting on the whole population by changing their behaviour towards a more healthy way of life. Apart from the beneficial "side effects" on other chronic diseases, their outcome in the pilot areas may be inferred to the total population. The final proof of any scientific evidence from the public health point of view is, after all, its applicability and effectiveness in real life situation.
|
['Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Health Education', 'Health Planning', 'Humans', 'Physical Education and Training', 'World Health Organization']
| 947,680
|
[['C14'], ['I02.233.332', 'N02.421.726.407'], ['N03.349', 'N03.706.615.302'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I02.233.543'], ['N03.540.514.718.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A cannabinoid receptor antagonist attenuates ghrelin-induced activation of the mesolimbic dopamine system in mice.
|
Ghrelin has been attributed various physiological processes including food intake and reward regulation, through activation of the mesolimbic dopamine system. Reward modulation involves the mesolimbic dopamine system, consisting of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine neurons targeting nucleus accumbens (NAc), a system that ghrelin activates through VTA-dependent mechanisms. In the first study, we found that systemic intraperitoneal (ip) administration of rimonabant attenuated intracerebroventricular (icv) ghrelin's ability to cause locomotor stimulation and NAc dopamine release in mice. Ghrelin-induced (icv) chow intake was not altered by rimonabant administration (ip). Finally, we showed that bilateral VTA administration of rimonabant blocks the ability of intra-VTA administered ghrelin to increase locomotor activity, but does not affect food intake in mice. Collectively, these data indicate clear dissociation between regulation of food intake and activation of the mesolimbic dopamine system.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Cannabinoid Receptor Antagonists', 'Dopamine', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Administration Routes', 'Eating', 'Ghrelin', 'Locomotion', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Microdialysis', 'Nucleus Accumbens', 'Piperidines', 'Pyrazoles', 'Rimonabant', 'Ventral Tegmental Area']
| 29,221,808
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.625.085.750', 'D27.505.696.399.472.188.750'], ['D02.092.211.215.406', 'D02.092.311.342', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E02.319.267'], ['G07.203.650.283', 'G10.261.330'], ['D06.472.699.301', 'D12.644.548.322'], ['G07.568.500', 'G11.427.410.568'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E05.196.353.500'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487.775.500'], ['D03.383.621'], ['D03.383.129.539'], ['D03.383.129.539.888', 'D03.383.621.834'], ['A08.186.211.132.659.413.875.820']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Diversity of Anopheles species and trophic behavior of putative malaria vectors in two malaria endemic areas of northwestern Thailand.
|
We determined the species diversity, blood-feeding behavior, and host preference of Anopheles mosquitoes in two malaria endemic areas of Tak (Mae Sot District) and Mae Hong Son (Sop Moei District) Provinces, located along the Thai border with Myanmar, during a consecutive two-year period. Anopheline mosquitoes were collected using indoor and outdoor human-landing captures and outdoor cow-baited collections. Mosquitoes were initially identified using morphological characters, followed by the appropriate multiplex AS-PCR assay for the identification of sibling species within Anopheles (Cellia) complexes and groups present. Real-time PCR was performed for parasite-specific detection in mosquitoes (Plasmodium spp. and Wuchereria bancrofti). A total of 7,129 Anopheles females were captured, 3,939 from Mae Sot and 3,190 from Sop Moei, with 58.6% and 37% of all anophelines identified as An. minimus, respectively. All three malaria vector complexes were detected in both areas. One species within the Minimus Complex (An. minimus) was present along with two related species in the Funestus Group, (An. aconitus, An. varuna), two species within the Dirus Complex (An. dirus, An. baimaii), and four species within the Maculatus Group (An. maculatus, An. sawadwongporni, An. pseudowillmori, and An. dravidicus). The trophic behavior of An. minimus, An. dirus, An. baimaii, An. maculatus, and An. sawadwongporni are described herein. The highest An. minimus densities were detected from February through April of both years. One specimen of An. minimus from Mae Sot was found positive for Plasmodium vivax.
|
['Animals', 'Anopheles', 'Insect Vectors', 'Malaria', 'Thailand']
| 25,424,272
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.712.500.875.120'], ['N06.850.335.188.100.500', 'N06.850.520.203.375.100.500'], ['C01.610.752.530', 'C01.920.875'], ['Z01.252.145.841']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Biochemical characterization of a factor produced by trypomastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi that accelerates the decay of complement C3 convertases.
|
Infective- and vertebrate-stage trypomastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi resist serum killing by the alternative complement pathway, whereas noninfective vector-stage epimastigotes, from which trypomastigotes derive, are serum-sensitive. This form of developmental preadaption is commonly observed in protozoan parasites, but its mechanisms are poorly understood. We have demonstrated previously that trypomastigotes spontaneously shed molecules which interfere with formation and accelerate the intrinsic decay of complement C3 convertases, a finding which may explain the evasion of complement lysis by trypomastigotes. We now describe the partial purification and characterization of the T. cruzi C3 convertase inhibitor from the supernatant of culture metacyclic and tissue culture trypomastigotes. Decay-accelerating activity for both classical and alternative pathway C3 convertases copurifies on anion-exchange fast protein liquid chromatography and chromatofocusing with 35S-labeled molecules of 87-93 kDa, pI 5.6-5.8. The labeled components are destroyed by papain and retained on concanavalin A-Sepharose, procedures which remove functional decay-accelerating activity from the supernatant. The 87-93-kDa components are immunoprecipitated by sera from patients chronically infected with T. cruzi, but not by antisera to any known regulatory proteins of the human complement cascade. Lytic activity for tissue culture trypomastigotes in chagasic sera is associated with antibody reactivity against the 87-93-kDa 35S-labeled components and with inhibition of decay-accelerating activity. The T. cruzi factor is the first developmentally regulated microbial complement inhibitor to be biochemically characterized.
|
['Animals', 'Complement Activating Enzymes', 'Complement C3-C5 Convertases', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Fluorometry', 'Isoelectric Focusing', 'Molecular Weight', 'Peptide Hydrolases', 'Trypanosoma cruzi']
| 3,042,767
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.277.300', 'D12.776.124.486.274.045'], ['D12.776.124.486.274.045.387'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['E05.196.712.516.600'], ['E05.196.401.663', 'E05.301.300.663'], ['G02.494'], ['D08.811.277.656'], ['B01.268.475.868.887.140']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Tissue gases in human hypertrophic burn scars.
|
The partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide have been measured in hypertrophic scars in burned patients, using mass spectroscopy. The pO2 in scar tissue was significantly depressed in comparison to the pO2 in normal dermis (a decrease of 13.1 +/- 2.9 mm Hg). The pCO2 was noted to be increased in the scar tissue (2.6 +/- 1.6 mm Hg). The possible significance of these findings is discussed.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Burns', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cicatrix', 'Humans', 'Hypertrophy', 'Infant', 'Middle Aged', 'Oxygen', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Partial Pressure', 'Skin']
| 625,502
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C26.200'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['A10.165.450.300', 'C23.550.355.274', 'G16.762.891.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.300.775'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['G03.680'], ['G01.374.715.714'], ['A17.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Radiosynovectomy in patients with chronic haemophilic synovitis: when is more than one injection necessary?
|
One hundred and fifty-six radiosynovectomies (RSs) were performed in 104 joints of 78 haemophilic patients diagnosed with chronic haemophilic synovitis. Mean patient age was 18 yr. Previous studies on the same group of patients indicated that RS is an effective procedure for treating chronic haemophilic synovitis, which may require the performance of 1-3 injections (RS-1, RS-2, RS-3), with a 6-month interval between them. Those studies also revealed that the parameters showing the greatest improvement after RS were pain and haemarthrosis, followed by the World Federation of Haemophilia (WFH) clinical score and muscle strength and range of motion. Such studies also demonstrated that the improvement achieved further to RS is independent of the patient's age, the type and severity of haemophilia, the previous haematologic treatment regime administered (on demand or prophylactic), the presence or absence of a circulating inhibitor, the patients' previous level or activity (or inactivity), the presence or absence of previous arthropathy (joint degeneration), of the isotope used (yttrium-90 or rhenium-186) and of the appearance or otherwise of RS-derived complications. In this study, we looked into the potential relationship between the type of joint treated and the degree of synovitis present with the need of one or more further RSs, and we found that the knee requires more injections than the elbow or the ankle and that the more severe synovites require a higher number of RS procedures.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Hemophilia A', 'Hemophilia B', 'Humans', 'Injections, Intra-Articular', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radioisotopes', 'Radiopharmaceuticals', 'Rhenium', 'Synovitis', 'Young Adult', 'Yttrium Radioisotopes']
| 21,306,434
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C15.378.100.100.500', 'C15.378.100.141.500', 'C15.378.463.500', 'C16.320.099.500'], ['C15.378.100.100.510', 'C15.378.100.141.510', 'C15.378.463.510', 'C16.320.099.510', 'C16.320.322.235'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.380'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D01.496.749'], ['D27.505.259.843', 'D27.505.519.871', 'D27.720.470.410.650'], ['D01.268.556.787', 'D01.268.956.750', 'D01.552.544.787'], ['C05.550.870'], ['M01.060.116.815'], ['D01.268.558.975.500.800', 'D01.268.956.890.500.800', 'D01.496.749.960', 'D01.496.943.800', 'D01.552.550.975.500.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Social gaze cueing to auditory locations.
|
Spatial attention is oriented by social visual cues: targets appearing at cued (gazed-at) locations are detected more rapidly than those appearing at uncued locations. The current studies provide evidence that social gaze directs attention to auditory as well as visual targets at cued locations. For auditory target detection the effect lasted from 300 to 1,005 ms while for discrimination the effect was restricted to 600 ms. Improved performance at 600-ms stimulus onset asynchrony was observed across all experiments and may reflect an optimal processing window for social stimuli. In addition, the orienting of attention by gaze was impaired by the presentation of negative faces. These experiments further demonstrate the unique and cross-modal nature of social gaze cueing.
|
['Auditory Perception', 'Cues', 'Female', 'Fixation, Ocular', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Space Perception', 'Visual Fields', 'Young Adult']
| 19,132,631
|
[['F02.463.593.071', 'G07.888.125'], ['F02.463.425.234'], ['G14.350.253'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.593.778'], ['F02.463.593.932.934', 'G14.950'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Antifungal and Herbicidal Effects of Fruit Essential Oils of Four Myrtus communis Genotypes.
|
The chemical composition of the essential oils isolated by hydrodistillation from the fruits of four selected Myrtus communis L. genotypes from Turkey was characterized by GC-FID and GC/MS analyses. 1,8-Cineole (29.20-31.40%), linalool (15.67-19.13%), á-terpineol (8.40-18.43%), á-pinene (6.04-20.71%), and geranyl acetate (3.98-7.54%) were found to be the major constituents of the fruit essential oils of all M. communis genotypes investigated. The oils were characterized by high amounts of oxygenated monoterpenes, representing 73.02-83.83% of the total oil compositions. The results of the fungal growth inhibition assays showed that the oils inhibited the growth of 19 phytopathogenic fungi. However, their antifungal activity was generally lower than that of the commercial pesticide benomyl. The herbicidal effects of the oils on the seed germination and seedling growth of Amaranthus retroflexus L., Chenopodium album L., Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop., Lactuca serriola L., and Rumex crispus L. were also determined. The oils completely or partly inhibited the seed germinations and seedling growths of the plants. The findings of the present study suggest that the M. communis essential oils might have potential to be used as natural herbicides as well as fungicides.
|
['Amaranthus', 'Antifungal Agents', 'Chenopodium album', 'Cirsium', 'Fruit', 'Fungi', 'Genotype', 'Herbicides', 'Lettuce', 'Molecular Structure', 'Myrtus', 'Oils, Volatile', 'Rumex', 'Seeds']
| 26,765,354
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.198.500.100.130'], ['D27.505.954.122.136'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.198.500.100.666.500'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.100.227'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['B01.300'], ['G05.380'], ['D27.720.031.700.366', 'D27.888.723.366'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.100.500'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.773.761'], ['D10.627.675'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.825.850'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The association of AMPK with ULK1 regulates autophagy.
|
Autophagy is a highly orchestrated intracellular bulk degradation process that is activated by various environmental stresses. The serine/threonine kinase ULK1, like its yeast homologue Atg1, is a key initiator of autophagy that is negatively regulated by the mTOR kinase. However, the molecular mechanism that controls the inhibitory effect of mTOR on ULK1-mediated autophagy is not fully understood. Here we identified AMPK, a central energy sensor, as a new ULK1-binding partner. We found that AMPK binds to the PS domain of ULK1 and this interaction is required for ULK1-mediated autophagy. Interestingly, activation of AMPK by AICAR induces 14-3-3 binding to the AMPK-ULK1-mTORC1 complex, which coincides with raptor Ser792 phosphorylation and mTOR inactivation. Consistently, AICAR induces autophagy in TSC2-deficient cells expressing wild-type raptor but not the mutant raptor that lacks the AMPK phosphorylation sites (Ser722 and Ser792). Taken together, these results suggest that AMPK association with ULK1 plays an important role in autophagy induction, at least in part, by phosphorylation of raptor to lift the inhibitory effect of mTOR on the ULK1 autophagic complex.
|
['14-3-3 Proteins', 'AMP-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing', 'Animals', 'Autophagy', 'Autophagy-Related Protein-1 Homolog', 'Binding Sites', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cells, Cultured', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Humans', 'Immunoblotting', 'Immunoprecipitation', 'Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Multiprotein Complexes', 'Mutation', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Subunits', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Proteins', 'RNA Interference', 'Regulatory-Associated Protein of mTOR', 'TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Transfection']
| 21,072,212
|
[['D12.644.360.024.050', 'D12.776.157.057.002', 'D12.776.476.024.050'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.085', 'D12.644.360.062', 'D12.776.476.062'], ['D12.644.360.024', 'D12.776.157.057', 'D12.776.476.024'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.011'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.108', 'D12.644.360.081', 'D12.776.094.438', 'D12.776.476.078'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.320', 'E05.601.470.320'], ['E05.196.150.639', 'E05.478.605'], ['D12.644.360', 'D12.776.476'], ['D05.500.337', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.931.500', 'D12.776.476.925.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['D05.500'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776.813'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700'], ['D12.776'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['D05.500.337.500', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.931.500.500', 'D12.644.360.024.324', 'D12.776.157.057.157', 'D12.776.476.024.419', 'D12.776.476.925.500.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.931', 'D12.776.476.925'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[On the occasion of the 150th birthday anniversary of professor P.A. Minakov: pages of life and scientific legacy].
|
P.A. Minakov was the well-known forensic medical expert and anthropologist. He headed the Department of Forensic Medicine at the Moscow State University in 1900--1911, 1917--1931. P.A. Minakov founded the Institute of Forensic Medicine in the Second Moscow Medical Institute and was the founder of forensic medical stomatology in this country.
|
['Forensic Medicine', 'History, 19th Century', 'History, 20th Century', 'Humans', 'Russia']
| 27,529,108
|
[['H02.403.330', 'I01.198.780.937'], ['K01.400.504.937'], ['K01.400.504.968'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.122.500', 'Z01.542.248.775']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
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Milk and egg phospholipids act as protective surfactants against luminal acid in Necturus gastric mucosa.
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BACKGROUND: Our previous studies indicate that milk phospholipids have anti-ulcer properties in rats and humans, possibly by forming a hydrophobic surfactant layer at the epithelial surface. In the present study we measured intracellular pH and parameters of membrane resistances in gastric epithelium exposed to luminal acid using a microelectrode technique.METHODS: Chambered isolated Necturus maculosus antral mucosa was exposed to pH 2.3, with or without 20-25 min pre-treatment with milk or egg phospholipids. The pH in surface epithelial cells was measured with double-barrelled liquid sensor pH/PD-microelectrodes.RESULTS: Pre-treatment with phospholipids (2500-5000 micrograms P/mL) significantly (P < 0.01, n = 14) opposed intracellular acidification. Phospholipids significantly (P < 0.05, n = 14) increased the ratio of apical and basal membrane resistances, suggesting that they primarily affect the apical cell membrane. In contrast, there was no significant change in transmucosal resistance suggesting lack of effect on paracellular shunts in the 'leaky' epithelium.CONCLUSIONS: Exogenous phospholipids of dietary origin may be used to form a protective layer in the gastric mucosa against irritants.
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['Animals', 'Egg Yolk', 'Electric Impedance', 'Gastric Mucosa', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Milk', 'Necturus maculosus', 'Phospholipids', 'Surface-Active Agents']
| 8,824,657
|
[['B01.050'], ['A16.690.325', 'G07.203.300.470.800', 'J02.500.470.800'], ['G01.358.500.249.277.350'], ['A03.556.875.875.440', 'A10.615.550.291'], ['G02.300'], ['E05.481'], ['A12.200.455', 'A12.790', 'G07.203.100.700', 'G07.203.300.350.525', 'J02.200.700', 'J02.500.350.525'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.608.630.510.508'], ['D10.570.755'], ['D27.720.877']]
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['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
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Leukemia-derived exosomes induced IL-8 production in bone marrow stromal cells to protect the leukemia cells against chemotherapy.
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AIMS: The interplay between bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells plays a critical role in AML drug resistance by secreting growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular vesicles. As kind of extracellular vesicles, exosomes consist of proteins and RNAs and regulate communication among cells.MAIN METHODS: The BMSCs, HS5 cells, and AML cells were co-cultivated with transwell membranes, and treated with different doses of AML chemotherapy drug, etoposide.KEY FINDINGS: Findings of our research proved that co-cultivation of BMSCs with AML cells defended AML against cell death triggered via etoposide, without having an impact on cell growth. An increase in the expression of the 70 kDa heat shock proteins (HSP70) as well as lysosomal associated membrane protein 3 (CD63) was observed in the exosomes from BMSC and AML, co-cultivated in conditioned media. Exosome repression in BMSC and AML co-cultivating system rebuilt the sensitivity of the KG1A cells to apoptosis triggered via etoposide, indicating that exosome modulated drug resistance in AML. Our study proved that exosomes arising from KG1A cells could propel BMSCs to generate IL-8, which could regulate the effect of etoposide treatment. Furthermore, IL-8 inhibition by its antibody increased the sensitivity of AML cells to cell death triggered via etoposide.SIGNIFICANCE: Our results suggested that exosomes secreted by AML cells is an essential communicator for the interaction of BMSCs and AML, which can protect AML cells from chemotherapy drug induced apoptosis.
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['Adult', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Coculture Techniques', 'Drug Resistance, Neoplasm', 'Etoposide', 'Exosomes', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-8', 'Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute', 'Male', 'Mesenchymal Stem Cells', 'Primary Cell Culture', 'Protective Agents', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 30,716,336
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['E05.481.500.374'], ['G07.690.773.984.395'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.960.675.250', 'D04.615.638.960.675.250', 'D09.408.348.275'], ['A11.284.295.588.750', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.880.495'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.120.800', 'D12.644.276.374.465.312', 'D12.776.467.374.200.120.800', 'D12.776.467.374.465.246', 'D23.125.300.120.800', 'D23.469.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.465.312'], ['C04.557.337.539.275'], ['A11.329.830.500', 'A11.872.590.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.223.500', 'E05.200.500.265.500', 'E05.242.223.500', 'E05.481.500.249.500'], ['D27.505.696.706', 'D27.720.799'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
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LGBTQ+ based discrimination is associated with ptsd symptoms, dissociation, emotion dysregulation, and attachment insecurity among LGBTQ+ adults who have experienced Trauma.
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Objectives: LGBTQ+ based discrimination is a form of insidious trauma and minority stress, and is associated with poor mental health. However, there is a dearth of research on the impact of discrimination on the psychological functioning of LGBTQ+ individuals who have experienced trauma. The current study seeks to remedy this gap. It was hypothesized that: (1) LGBTQ+ adults who perceived their experience of trauma as related to LGBTQ+ based discrimination would have greater attachment insecurity, emotion dysregulation, PTSD symptoms, and dissociative symptoms; (2) experiences of LGBTQ+ based discrimination would be associated with greater attachment insecurity, emotion dysregulation, PTSD symptoms, and dissociative symptoms; (3) transgender congruence (i.e., the extent to which one feels authentic and comfortable with their gender identity and appearance) would be negatively associated with attachment insecurity, emotion dysregulation, PTSD symptoms, and dissociative symptoms. Methods: Participants were 157 LGBTQ+ adults who had experienced trauma, and who completed questionnaires on discrimination and psychological functioning. Results: Compared to participants who did not experience their trauma as related to discrimination, those who did were higher in attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance, emotion dysregulation, PTSD, and dissociative symptoms. Biphobia was positively associated with attachment anxiety, emotion dysregulation, PTSD, and dissociative symptoms. Homophobia was positively associated with emotion dysregulation, PTSD, and dissociative symptoms. Transphobia was positively associated with PTSD and dissociative symptoms. Appearance congruence was negatively associated with emotion dysregulation, PTSD, and dissociative symptoms. Conclusions: When working with LGBTQ+ clients who have experienced trauma, clinicians should be mindful of the effects of discrimination on wellbeing.
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['Adult', 'Dissociative Disorders', 'Emotional Regulation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Object Attachment', 'Sexism', 'Sexual and Gender Minorities', 'Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic']
| 31,581,904
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F03.300'], ['F01.145.813.595.500', 'F01.470.311'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.739.794.624'], ['F01.145.813.550.750', 'F01.145.813.629.750', 'F01.829.595.750'], ['M01.777'], ['F03.950.750.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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| 1
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A Danish national cohort study on neonatal outcome in singleton pregnancies with placenta previa.
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OBJECTIVE: To describe the incidence of placenta previa and to assess neonatal morbidity and mortality in pregnancies with placenta previa after adjustment for previous cesarean section, smoking, multiparity, maternal age and in vitro fertilization.DESIGN: National cohort study.SETTING: Danish national IVF-, birth- and patient registers.POPULATION: All pregnancies in Denmark from 1978-2006 and a subpopulation of all singleton pregnancies during the years 2001-2006 with placenta previa (n=1721) compared to pregnancies without this diagnosis.METHODS: Incidence rates and multivariate analysis.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Gestational age, birthweight, Apgar score after five minutes, stillbirth, neonatal mortality and admittance to neonatal intensive care unit.RESULTS: The incidence of placenta previa in Denmark was 0.54% in 2006. Neonates born after pregnancies with placenta previa had a higher risk of being born at a gestational age below 37 weeks (OR 8.6; 95%CI 7.5-9.9), having an Apgar score of ?7 at five minutes (OR 2.7; 95%CI 2.0-3.7), being transferred to a neonatal intensive care unit (OR 4.3; 95%CI 3.8-4.9) and for stillbirth and neonatal mortality combined (OR 1.8; 95%CI 1.1-3.0), compared with neonates born in pregnancies without placenta previa. No increased risk of being small-for-gestational age was found (OR 1.0; 95%CI 1.0-1.2).CONCLUSION: When adjusting for confounders, neonates born after pregnancies with placenta previa had a significantly higher risk of being born preterm, having a low Apgar score, being transferred to neonatal intensive care, and death.
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['Adult', 'Apgar Score', 'Birth Weight', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cesarean Section', 'Cohort Studies', 'Denmark', 'Female', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Infant Mortality', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Placenta Previa', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Outcome', 'Registries', 'Risk Factors']
| 22,348,742
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.050'], ['C23.888.144.186', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.186', 'E05.041.124.160.750.149', 'G07.100.100.160.120.186', 'G07.345.249.314.120.186'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E04.520.252.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['Z01.542.816.124'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.475', 'N01.224.935.698.489', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.475', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.475'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C13.703.420.714', 'C13.703.590.734'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.789.700', 'G08.686.784.769.496'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
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Next generation sequencing and functional analysis of patient urine renal progenitor-derived podocytes to unravel the diagnosis underlying refractory lupus nephritis.
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Often the cause of refractory lupus nephritis (RLN) remains unclear. We performed next-generation sequencing for podocyte genes in an RLN patient and identified compound heterozygosity for APOL1 risk alleles G1 and G2 and a novel homozygous c.[1049C>T]+[1049C>T] NPHS1 gene variant of unknown significance. To test for causality renal progenitor cells isolated from urine of this patient were differentiated into podocytes in vitro. Podocytes revealed aberrant nephrin trafficking, cytoskeletal structure and lysosomal leakage, and increased detachment as compared with podocytes isolated from controls. Thus, lupus podocytopathy can be confirmed as a cause of RLN by functional genetics on patient-derived podocytes.
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['Adolescent', 'Female', 'High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing', 'Humans', 'Kidney', 'Lupus Nephritis', 'Podocytes', 'Recurrence', 'Stem Cells']
| 27,325,253
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[['M01.060.057'], ['E05.393.760.319'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453'], ['C12.777.419.570.363.680', 'C13.351.968.419.570.363.680', 'C17.300.480.680', 'C20.111.590.560'], ['A05.810.453.324.359.372.650', 'A05.810.453.736.520.720', 'A11.436.720'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['A11.872']]
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['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Histiocytic lymphoma fifteen years following remission of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
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A 19-yr-old female presented with diffuse histiocytic lymphoma after a 15-yr remission of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. All treatment had been discontinued 7 yr before the onset of the lymphoma. The possible relationships of these two neoplasms are discussed.
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['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Leukemia, Lymphoid', 'Lymphoma', 'Remission, Spontaneous', 'Time Factors']
| 6,929,714
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[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.337.428', 'C15.604.515.560', 'C20.683.515.528'], ['C04.557.386', 'C15.604.515.569', 'C20.683.515.761'], ['C23.550.291.656.700', 'G16.767'], ['G01.910.857']]
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['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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[Short term results of total carpometacarpal joint replacement surgery using the ARPE implant for primary ostearthritis of the thumb].
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INTRODUCTION: We have reviewed the short-term results of the ARPE arthroplasty of the first carpometacarpal joint for osteoarthritis of the thumb.MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and eighteen patients have been operated on in our department between June 1999 and June 2003, by the same surgeon. Sixty-three of these patients had been followed for a minimum of six months and were included in this retrospective study. We have evaluated functional results as pain, key-pinch, mobility and patient satisfaction. The occurrence of complications was investigated.RESULTS: The results of this procedure were found to be excellent for pain, mobility and strength. Recovery was judged fast and patient satisfaction was high. The most frequent complication was implant luxation in six cases. Implant loosening was seen in three.DISCUSSION: Functional results of this type of arthroplasty are excellent. We consider it to be superior to trapeziectomy for recovery (rehabilitation is unnecessary) and strength. Most common complications have a relatively simple surgical solution. Trapeziectomy remains possible thanks to a minimal shortening of the metacarpal bone.CONCLUSION: The ARPE arthroplasty can be considered as a good surgical option for treatment of thumb osteoarthritis. A longer follow up is necessary to predict the long-term behaviour of the prosthesis.
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['Adult', 'Aged', 'Arthroplasty, Replacement', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Joint Prosthesis', 'Male', 'Metacarpophalangeal Joint', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteoarthritis', 'Prosthesis Design', 'Prosthesis Failure', 'Thumb', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 15,573,875
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.555.110.110', 'E04.650.110', 'E04.680.101.110'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.695.400'], ['A02.835.583.405.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.550.114.606', 'C05.799.613'], ['E05.320.550', 'E07.695.680'], ['C23.550.767.865', 'E05.325.771'], ['A01.378.800.667.430.705'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
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['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
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Controlled-release methylphenidate improves attention during on-road driving by adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
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BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with a 3- to 4-fold increase in both driving-related accidents and associated injuries. Methylphenidate (MPH) is the most commonly prescribed psychostimulant medication for ADHD. It has been demonstrated to improve performance on a driving simulator. This study investigated whether a once-daily, long-acting, osmotic, controlled-release MPH formulation improves the driving performance of ADHD adolescents while driving their own car on an actual road segment.METHODS: Twelve ADHD-diagnosed male adolescent drivers (mean age, 17.8 years) prescribed a standard dose of 1.0 mg/kg (if they were not already taking methylphenidate) of controlled-release MPH participated in this repeated-measures crossover study. On 2 separate occasions (off/on medication randomized), participants drove a standard 16-mile road course incorporating rural, highway, and urban streets. A rater, blind to medication conditions, sat in the back seat and rated impulsive (eg, "cutting off" another driver) and inattentive (eg, drove past designated turn) driving errors.RESULTS: Impulsive driving errors were observed to occur rarely under both medication and no medication conditions. Inattentive driving errors were more common and were significantly reduced while the subject was on medication (4.6 versus 7.8; P <.01). The improvement in driving performance (change in number of errors recorded) from first to second testing was positively correlated with medication dosage (r = 0.60; P <.01).CONCLUSIONS: Once-daily controlled-release MPH improves real-life driving performance of adolescent males diagnosed with ADHD. In particular, it significantly reduces driving errors arising from inattention.
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['Adolescent', 'Attention', 'Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity', 'Automobile Driving', 'Central Nervous System Stimulants', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Humans', 'Impulsive Behavior', 'Male', 'Methylphenidate', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 15,243,010
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F02.830.104.214'], ['F03.625.094.150'], ['I03.125'], ['D27.505.696.282', 'D27.505.954.427.220'], ['E02.319.283'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.527'], ['D02.241.223.601.600', 'D03.383.621.460'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
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['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
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| 1
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| 0
| 0
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Whole Slide Imaging Versus Microscopy for Primary Diagnosis in Surgical Pathology: A Multicenter Blinded Randomized Noninferiority Study of 1992 Cases (Pivotal Study).
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Most prior studies of primary diagnosis in surgical pathology using whole slide imaging (WSI) versus microscopy have focused on specific organ systems or included relatively few cases. The objective of this study was to demonstrate that WSI is noninferior to microscopy for primary diagnosis in surgical pathology. A blinded randomized noninferiority study was conducted across the entire range of surgical pathology cases (biopsies and resections, including hematoxylin and eosin, immunohistochemistry, and special stains) from 4 institutions using the original sign-out diagnosis (baseline diagnosis) as the reference standard. Cases were scanned, converted to WSI and randomized. Sixteen pathologists interpreted cases by microscopy or WSI, followed by a wash-out period of ?4 weeks, after which cases were read by the same observers using the other modality. Major discordances were identified by an adjudication panel, and the differences between major discordance rates for both microscopy (against the reference standard) and WSI (against the reference standard) were calculated. A total of 1992 cases were included, resulting in 15,925 reads. The major discordance rate with the reference standard diagnosis was 4.9% for WSI and 4.6% for microscopy. The difference between major discordance rates for microscopy and WSI was 0.4% (95% confidence interval, -0.30% to 1.01%). The difference in major discordance rates for WSI and microscopy was highest in endocrine pathology (1.8%), neoplastic kidney pathology (1.5%), urinary bladder pathology (1.3%), and gynecologic pathology (1.2%). Detailed analysis of these cases revealed no instances where interpretation by WSI was consistently inaccurate compared with microscopy for multiple observers. We conclude that WSI is noninferior to microscopy for primary diagnosis in surgical pathology, including biopsies and resections stained with hematoxylin and eosin, immunohistochemistry and special stains. This conclusion is valid across a wide variety of organ systems and specimen types.
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['Histocytological Preparation Techniques', 'Humans', 'Microscopy', 'Observer Variation', 'Pathology, Surgical', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Single-Blind Method']
| 28,961,557
|
[['E01.370.225.500.620', 'E01.370.225.750.600', 'E05.200.500.620', 'E05.200.750.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515', 'E05.595', 'H01.671.617.562'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['H02.403.650.510'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.850', 'N05.715.360.325.730', 'N06.850.520.445.850']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
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| 1
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| 1
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| 1
| 0
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Interaction of wheat germ agglutinin and concanavalin A with platelets. Stimulation of platelet functional reactions and binding with membrane glycoproteins.
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Effects of two lectins, wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and concanavalin A (Con A), on platelet functional reactions and interaction of lectins with the platelet membrane glycoproteins (GPs) have been studied. Both lectins stimulated platelet aggregation and secretion of serotonin from platelet dense granules. The effects of WGA and Con A were blocked by specific sugars, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and alpha-methyl-D-mannopyranoside, respectively, by adenylate cyclase activator prostaglandin E1, and by anti-GP IIb-IIIa monoclonal antibody (monAB), CRC64, that inhibits platelet interaction with fibrinogen. The data indicate that both lectins interacting with the carbohydrate moiety on the platelet surface stimulated not passive agglutination but fibrinogen--GP IIb-IIIa-dependent platelet aggregation which is coupled with the secretion from granules and activation of the intracellular systems of signal transduction. However, there were significant differences between the stimulatory effects of WGA and Con A. WGA induced more pronounced and quick platelet aggregation and stimulated several times higher serotonin secretion than Con A. In addition, adhesion studies showed that plastic-adsorbed WGA appeared to be a nonadhesive substrate, whereas Con A effectively stimulated platelet adhesion. Unlike Con A-induced platelet aggregation, adhesion to Con A substrate was not inhibited by monAB CRC64, i.e., was not dependent on GP IIb-IIIa--fibrinogen interaction. Binding of lectins with major platelet GPs was studied using immobilized WGA and Con A and platelet lysate as a source of GPs. Platelet lysate was incubated with immobilized lectins and then binding of individual GPs was evaluated using specific mono- and polyclonal antibodies. WGA binds with GP Ib and P-selectin but not with other GPs tested. Interaction of Con A with platelet GPs was less specific. This lectin binds with GP IIb-IIIa, GP Ib, GP IV, and P-selectin. Although GP Ib appeared to be the main protein which bound WGA on platelet surface, anti-GP Ib antibodies failed to affect WGA-induced platelet aggregation, but inhibited WGA-induced agglutination of fixed platelets. Thus, interaction of the WGA with GP Ib could not be considered as a major stimulus initiating WGA-dependent platelet activation and aggregation.
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['Blood Platelets', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Membrane', 'Concanavalin A', 'Humans', 'Platelet Activation', 'Platelet Aggregation', 'Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Protein Binding', 'Serotonin', 'Wheat Germ Agglutinins']
| 9,668,212
|
[['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['G04.022'], ['A11.284.149'], ['D12.776.503.499.500', 'D12.776.765.678.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G09.188.390.600'], ['G09.188.370.687', 'G09.188.390.600.640'], ['D12.776.395.550.625', 'D12.776.543.550.625', 'D12.776.543.750.705.675'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D02.092.211.215.801.852', 'D03.633.100.473.914.814', 'D23.469.050.650'], ['D12.776.503.499.968', 'D12.776.765.678.968']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
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| 0
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Resource requirements to develop a large, remote aboriginal health service: whose responsibility?
|
In 1994 the Commonwealth funded studies to establish and develop Aboriginal health services. One such study was undertaken in 1995 at Maningrida, Northern Territory: to identify the health-service needs of the population and consider community management structures; to identify Northern Territory expenditure for primary health care; and to provide a three- to five-year development budget. Approximately 2100 Aboriginal residents in the region used the service, including 750 living on 24 outstations within 75 km. Nearly 40 per cent were aged under 15 years. Childhood morbidity was high, with children under two averaging 1.4 hospital admissions per year. The age pyramid reflected premature adult mortality from the third decade of life. Service providers identified inadequate staffing and infrastructure as barriers to service development. Community consultations emphasised the need for resident doctors, improved outstation services and aged and respite care, local training for Aboriginal health workers and housing for staff. These developments would require per capita primary health care expenditure ($872) to be doubled. Aboriginal people in remote areas are disadvantaged through Commonwealth Grants Commission funding formulae and lack of Medicare access. As the sole funding source, the Northern Territory spends over $1.83 million per year providing health services at Maningrida. Additionally, the study proposed that the Commonwealth spend $1.96 million a year over five years on staffing and infrastructure. Local Aboriginal organisations also agreed to allocate resources for health service development. Ineffective implementation, lack of clarification of government responsibilities and funding shortfalls remain barriers to developing remote Aboriginal health services.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Australia', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Health Expenditures', 'Health Services Needs and Demand', 'Health Status', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'National Health Programs', 'Oceanic Ancestry Group', 'Program Development', 'Rural Population', 'Social Responsibility']
| 9,599,865
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['Z01.639.100', 'Z01.678.100.373'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['N03.219.151.450', 'N05.300.385'], ['N03.349.380.420', 'N05.300.450'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N03.349.550'], ['M01.686.508.600'], ['N04.452.760'], ['N01.600.725'], ['F01.829.500.760', 'K01.752.566.869']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
An exploration of pain experiences and their meaning in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
|
BACKGROUND: Pain is a common symptom in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) which negatively influences quality of life and psychological well-being. However, our understanding of how those with COPD interpret the experience of pain is very limited.OBJECTIVES: To explore how individuals with moderate to severe COPD experience pain.METHODS: Eight patients diagnosed with COPD who reported experiencing pain for greater than three months participated in in-depth interviews. Transcripts were subjected to interpretative phenomenological analysis.RESULTS: Five themes were identified: 1) pain complicates the clinical profile of COPD; 2) uncertainly of the pain experience: frustrations related to health care professionals' explanation for their pain and the need to legitimize; 3) language and behavior of pain: portraying pain as frustrating and unpredictable; 4) psychological reactions toward pain: depression and fear-avoidance behavior; and 5) altered identity perception: reduced self-worth, guilt in not meeting the expectations of others.CONCLUSIONS: Patients report difficulty in explaining the persistence of pain. This fosters a need to legitimize their pain, which influences feelings of frustration and self-worth. An understanding of these responses will assist health care professionals in managing on-going pain in those with COPD.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Aged', 'Cost of Illness', 'Emotions', 'Female', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pain', 'Pain Measurement', 'Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive', 'Quality of Life', 'Self Concept', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 29,319,390
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['N03.219.151.165', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.182', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.046'], ['F01.470'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['C08.381.495.389'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['F01.752.747.792'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Anterior spinal artery syndrome after infrarenal abdominal aortic surgery.
|
BACKGROUND: Neurological complications such as paraplegia or paraparesis due to spinal cord ischemia has been an unpredictable, devastating event after infrarenal abdominal aortic surgery. The aim of our study is to focus the importance of this entity and in this connection to review the vascular anatomy of the spinal cord, incidence and etiology of spinal cord ischemia, methods of prevention, and management of the patient.METHODS: Eight patients were identified with spinal cord ischemia manifested by paraplegia or paraparesis after 1331 abdominal aortic operations. All the patients who had spinal cord ischemia were examined for risk factors.RESULTS: Three anterior spinal artery syndrome neurological recovery occurred but 5 of them remained unchanged. Two patients died within 30 days of operation.CONCLUSIONS: Complete paraplegia due to ischemic spinal cord injury was thought to be caused by interruption of critical collateral blood supply to the spinal cord. For this reason avoidance of prolonged aortic cross clamp time, hypotension, and its associated low flow to the spinal cord, paying attention to prevent atheromatous embolization of Adamkiewicz artery and pelvic circulation can prevent this complication. If the greater medullary artery is anomalously low from the anatomic localization the blood supply of the cord may be inadequate, so this complication cannot be avoided.
|
['Aneurysm, Ruptured', 'Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome', 'Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Prognosis', 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures', 'Renal Artery', 'Risk Assessment', 'Sampling Studies', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Survival Rate', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vascular Surgical Procedures']
| 12,483,181
|
[['C14.907.055.185'], ['C10.228.854.785.650.100', 'C14.907.790.550.100'], ['C14.907.055.239.075', 'C14.907.109.139.075'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.789'], ['E04.680'], ['A07.015.114.745'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.372.875', 'N05.715.360.330.875', 'N06.850.520.450.875'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E04.100.814']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Changes in mechanical, structural integrity and microbiological properties following cryopreservation of human cadaveric iliac arteries.
|
INTRODUCTION: The study seeks to investigate how the duration of storage of cryopreserved human cadaveric iliac arteries impacts their mechanical, structural and microbiological properties as compared to their fresh sample.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Iliac arteries were harvested from 12 human cadavers and divided into 2 groups. One group underwent mechanical stress-strain assessment immediately and another was cryopreserved for a pre-determined time-period (range, 29 to 364 days). Mechanical functionality was assessed with a customised clamping mechanism. The arteries' microbiological properties were studied pre- and post-cryopreservation. The post-thawed arteries were also assessed histologically for structural integrity.RESULTS: Of the 12 pairs, only 7 (58, 119, 150, 252, 300, 332 and 364 days) iliac arteries were included in the final analysis. The other 5 pairs (29, 90, 188, 205 and 270 days) had abundant local calcification and their stress-strain curves could not be characterised. From the curves, pre- and post-cryopreserved arteries had the most similar mechanical properties when stored for 119 days. A trend of increasing relative stiffness with increased duration of storage was noted. The post-thawed arteries demonstrated minimal fragmentation except in atherosclerotic areas. Majority of the arteries were not contaminated by bacterial or fungal infection pre- and post-cryopreservation. Also, 2 arteries (364 and 332 days) which had initial bacterial colonisation showed no bacterial growth on their post-thawed sample.CONCLUSION: Mechanically, non-atherosclerotic cryopreserved arteries can be a good substitute to their corresponding fresh arterial graft. However, the length of cryopreservation has an effect on the relative stiffness of the pre- and post-cryopreserved arteries. Histological and microbiological findings suggest that cryopreservation have little impact on an artery structural integrity and may possibly have a role in maintaining sterility and sterilising the arteries.
|
['Aged', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Cadaver', 'Cryopreservation', 'Humans', 'Iliac Artery', 'Middle Aged']
| 25,434,619
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['C23.550.260.224'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160', 'E02.792.156', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160', 'E05.760.156'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A07.015.114.444'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositivity among uninfected HIV vaccine recipients.
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Since 1987, >10,000 individuals worldwide have received immunizations with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) preventive vaccine constructs. Many constructs elicit antibodies detected by standard serologic tests (enzyme immunoassays, rapid tests, and Western blots) and result in vaccine recipients' serum being identified as reactive and indicative of HIV infection. To determine the frequency of vaccine-induced HIV antibody among uninfected HIV vaccine trial participants and to identify factors associated with these results, serum samples from HIV-uninfected participants from selected United States phase I/II HIV-1 vaccine trials were tested with 6 serologic screening tests. Reactive specimens were tested by use of Western blot. Overall, 490 serum specimens from 461 vaccine recipients were tested; 100 (20.4%) reacted on at least 1 serologic test, and 65 (13%) were determined to be positive by Western blot. Canarypox or vaccinia vaccine recipients' serum with or without HIV envelope glycoprotein (gp120 or gp160) boosts accounted for all positive Western blot results; no positive Western blot results were obtained from gp120 subunit recipients. The potential for vaccine recipients being misclassified as HIV infected increased with vaccine complexity.
|
['AIDS Vaccines', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Blotting, Western', 'Canarypox virus', 'Genetic Vectors', 'HIV Antibodies', 'HIV Envelope Protein gp120', 'HIV Envelope Protein gp160', 'HIV Seropositivity', 'HIV-1', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Recombination, Genetic', 'United States', 'Vaccination', 'Vaccines, Synthetic', 'Vaccinia virus']
| 12,660,933
|
[['D20.215.894.899.050'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['B04.280.650.160.100.149'], ['G05.360.337'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254.150.440', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254.150.440', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254.150.440'], ['D12.776.964.775.325.164.249', 'D12.776.964.775.562.500.500', 'D12.776.964.970.880.325.164.249', 'D23.050.327.520.350'], ['D12.776.964.775.325.164.374', 'D12.776.964.775.562.500.750', 'D12.776.964.970.880.325.164.374'], ['C01.221.250.875.500', 'C01.221.812.640.400.500', 'C01.778.640.400.500', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.500', 'C01.925.813.400.500', 'C20.673.480.500'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.728'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890'], ['D12.776.828.868', 'D20.215.894.865', 'D23.050.865'], ['B04.280.650.160.650.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Differences in the adaptive response to radiation damage in G0 human lymphocytes conditioned with hydrogen peroxide or low-dose X-rays.
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We have carried out experiments to study the adaptive response in G0 human lymphocytes conditioned with either hydrogen peroxide or low-dose X-rays and challenged with 1.5 Gy of X-rays after stimulation. Peroxide conditioning treatment was given at different times before stimulation, while the low-dose irradiation was delivered at different dose rates just before stimulation of lymphocytes. A protective effect of pre-exposure to H2O2 against radiation damage detected as micronuclei in binucleated cells was evident, regardless of the time of conditioning treatment during G0. For low-dose-irradiated cells, on the other hand, the adaptation observed seemed to depend upon the dose rate, and never reached the extent observed in cells treated with peroxide.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Lymphocytes', 'Resting Phase, Cell Cycle', 'X-Rays']
| 7,526,169
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['E05.481'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['G04.144.500.300'], ['G01.358.500.505.970', 'G01.750.250.970', 'G01.750.750.918']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The PIERDUB project: International Project on Education and Research in Donation at University of Barcelona: training university students about donation and transplantation.
|
INTRODUCTION: Donation and transplantation is an accepted therapeutic option when organ failure or tissue replacements are needed to save or improve the quality of life. However, in most medical schools there is no specific training for it, thus disregarding the key role of university students for the future success of the process.OBJECTIVES: Knowledge diffusion about the donation procedure to clarify doubts and stimulate positive attitudes toward donation. Training university students in the donation and transplantation process. Research about the previous donation knowledge and the impact in donation indexes.METHODS: Three different phases have been designed: (1) Training the University of Barcelona Health Sciences School students; (2) Training the Health Sciences School students in other faculties of Catalonia, Spain, and International; and (3) research.RESULTS: Since 2005, we have offered yearly an Optional Credits Course to medical students with duration of 45 hours, and two Donation days opened to health sciences students. Since 2007, promotional campaigns have been carried out in medicine and other health sciences faculties. Until now, 818 answered surveys have been collected to evaluate previous knowledge among university students.CONCLUSION: Training medical and other health sciences students in the donation process will improve quality of medical education and develop a trainer role for future professionals to help improve donation rates.
|
['Attitude', 'Curriculum', 'Education, Medical, Undergraduate', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Knowledge', 'Spain', 'Students, Medical', 'Tissue and Organ Procurement', 'Transplantation', 'Universities']
| 20,172,293
|
[['F01.100'], ['I02.158'], ['I02.358.399.450'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['K01.468'], ['Z01.542.846'], ['M01.848.769.602'], ['N02.421.911'], ['E04.936'], ['I02.783.830', 'J03.832.830']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Computer vision elastography: speckle adaptive motion estimation for elastography using ultrasound sequences.
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We present the development and validation of an image based speckle tracking methodology, for determining temporal two-dimensional (2-D) axial and lateral displacement and strain fields from ultrasound video streams. We refine a multiple scale region matching approach incorporating novel solutions to known speckle tracking problems. Key contributions include automatic similarity measure selection to adapt to varying speckle density, quantifying trajectory fields, and spatiotemporal elastograms. Results are validated using tissue mimicking phantoms and in vitro data, before applying them to in vivo musculoskeletal ultrasound sequences. The method presented has the potential to improve clinical knowledge of tendon pathology from carpel tunnel syndrome, inflammation from implants, sport injuries, and many others.
|
['Algorithms', 'Artificial Intelligence', 'Connective Tissue', 'Elasticity', 'Humans', 'Image Enhancement', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Movement', 'Pattern Recognition, Automated', 'Phantoms, Imaging', 'Stress, Mechanical', 'Subtraction Technique', 'Tendons', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex']
| 15,957,599
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G17.035.250', 'L01.224.050.375'], ['A10.165'], ['G01.374.590'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['E05.481'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['L01.399.750'], ['E07.671'], ['G01.374.835'], ['E01.370.350.760'], ['A02.880'], ['E01.370.350.850.850.850']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Supercritical fluid extraction provides an enhancement to the immune response for orally-delivered hepatitis B surface antigen.
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The hepatitis B virus continues to be a major pathogen worldwide despite the availability of an effective parenteral vaccine for over 20 years. Orally-delivered subunit vaccines produced in maize may help to alleviate the disease burden by providing a low-cost, heat-stable alternative to the parenteral vaccine. Oral subunit vaccination has been an elusive goal due to the large amounts of antigen required to induce an immunologic response when administered through the digestive tract. Here we show that high levels of HBsAg were obtained in maize grain, the grain was formed into edible wafers, and wafers were fed to mice at a concentration of approximately 300 ìg/g. When these wafers were made with supercritical fluid extraction (SFE)-treated maize material, robust IgG and IgA responses in sera were observed that were comparable to the injected commercial vaccine (Recombivax(®)). In addition, all mice administered SFE wafers showed high secretory IgA titers in fecal material whereas Recombivax(®) treated mice showed no detectable titer. Increased salivary IgA titers were also detected in SFE-fed mice but not in Recombivax(®) treated mice. Wafers made from hexane-treated or full fat maize material induced immunologic responses, but fecal titers were attenuated relative to those produced by SFE-treated wafers. These responses demonstrate the feasibility of using a two-dose oral vaccine booster in the absence of an adjuvant to induce immunologic responses in both sera and at mucosal surfaces, and highlight the potential limitations of using an exclusively parenteral dosing regime.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Animals', 'Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid', 'Hepatitis Antibodies', 'Hepatitis B Surface Antigens', 'Hepatitis B Vaccines', 'Immunity, Mucosal', 'Immunoglobulin A', 'Immunoglobulin A, Secretory', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Plants, Genetically Modified', 'Vaccines, Subunit', 'Vaccines, Synthetic', 'Zea mays']
| 24,486,361
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.196.181.750'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254.450', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254.450', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254.450'], ['D23.050.327.495.500.475'], ['D20.215.894.899.955.400'], ['G12.450.573'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.026', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.026', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.026'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.026.030', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.026.030', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.026.030'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.650.520', 'B05.620.600'], ['D20.215.894.860'], ['D12.776.828.868', 'D20.215.894.865', 'D23.050.865'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Preparative separation of peptide and protein samples by high-performance liquid chromatography with gradient elution. I. The Craig model as a basis for computer simulations.
|
The Craig model (assuming a Langmuir isotherm) has been used by us previously to successfully simulate isocratic high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) separation in a mass-overload mode. Here we have extended this approach to the case of gradient elution for large samples. These simulations support our earlier conclusion that so-called "corresponding" isocratic and gradient separations provide similar sample resolution when the sample size is the same. "Corresponding" separations refer to the case where isocratic retention k' is equal to average gradient retention k, and where other conditions (column, flow-rate, etc.) are the same. Craig simulations reported here also provide further insight into the factors that affect preparative HPLC separations under mass-overload conditions.
|
['Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Computer Simulation', 'Models, Chemical', 'Peptides', 'Proteins']
| 3,204,137
|
[['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['L01.224.160'], ['E05.599.495'], ['D12.644'], ['D12.776']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Orchestrating wound healing: assessing and preparing the wound bed.
|
PURPOSE: To provide an overview of the steps needed to prepare the wound bed for healing.TARGET AUDIENCE: This continuing-education activity is intended for physicians and nurses with an interest in learning about the process for preparing the wound bed for healing.LEARNING OBJECTIVES: After reading the article and taking the test, the participant will be able to: 1. Describe the anatomy and physiology of the skin. 2. Describe the wound healing process, the local and systemic factors that may impair healing, and the parameters that assess the wound status. 3. Describe the steps in the process to prepare the wound bed for healing.
|
['Bandages', 'Debridement', 'Humans', 'Skin Physiological Phenomena', 'Wound Healing']
| 14,581,817
|
[['E07.101'], ['E04.176'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G13.750'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Efficacy and toxicity of 153samarium-EDTMP in painful breast cancer bone metastases.
|
AIM: The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of (153)samarium-ethylene-diamino-tetramethylene phosphonic acid ((153)Sm-EDTMP, a beta and gamma emitter) treatment in the palliation of painful bone metastases from breast cancer.PATIENTS AND METHODS: 43 women (aged 41-79, mean 60 years) with bone-disseminated breast cancer and bone pain refractory to opioid analgesics received (153)Sm-EDTMP. Karnofsky performance status, pain score (numeric rating scale), analgesic score (World Health Organisation) and blood count were evaluated before treatment and 1 and 3 months after the treatment.RESULTS: Significant pain relief was observed in 51 and 42% of the patients, mild relief in 30 and 30%, and no effect in 19 and 28% of the patients 1 and 3 months after administration, respectively. Mild and transient bone marrow suppression was observed as a side effect of (153)Sm-EDTMP treatment. None of the patients showed grade 4 haematological toxicity and only 1 patient showed grade 3 (National Cancer Institute common toxicity criteria). The majority of patients had grade 1 or 2 haematological toxicity.CONCLUSION: (153)Sm-EDTMP treatment is effective and safe in bone pain palliation in breast cancer. 3 months after administering (153)Sm-EDTMP, pain relief to varying degrees was observed in 72% of patients.The haematological toxicity after (153)Sm-EDTMP treatment was mild and transient.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Bone Marrow Diseases', 'Bone Neoplasms', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Organometallic Compounds', 'Organophosphorus Compounds', 'Pain', 'Pain Measurement', 'Radiation Injuries', 'Radiopharmaceuticals', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 19,209,017
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C15.378.190'], ['C04.588.149', 'C05.116.231'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.691'], ['D02.705'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['C26.733', 'G01.750.748.500', 'N06.850.460.350.850.500', 'N06.850.810.300.360'], ['D27.505.259.843', 'D27.505.519.871', 'D27.720.470.410.650'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Nitric oxide synthase containing periglomerular cells are GABAergic in the rat olfactory bulb.
|
In the olfactory glomeruli of the rat olfactory bulb, there is a population of periglomerular cells (PG) that contains the neuronal isoform of the nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). To date, these PG have not been characterized neurochemically and it has not been determined whether they are type 1 (GABAergic PG that receive synaptic contacts from the olfactory axons) or type 2 PG (non-GABAergic PG that do not receive synapses from the olfactory axons). Combining pre-embedding NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry and post-embedding immunoperoxidase detection of GABA, we demonstrate that nNOS-containing PG are GABAergic and therefore, belong to the type 1 PG. The possible actions of nitric oxide in the olfactory glomeruli are discussed.
|
['Animals', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Neural Inhibition', 'Neurons', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase', 'Olfactory Bulb', 'Olfactory Nerve', 'Presynaptic Terminals', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Synapses', 'Synaptic Transmission', 'gamma-Aminobutyric Acid']
| 12,951,191
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['G07.265.755', 'G11.561.616'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.388'], ['A08.800.800.120.640'], ['A08.675.542.145.750', 'A08.850.700', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780.700', 'A11.671.137.750', 'A11.671.501.145.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780'], ['G02.111.820.850', 'G04.835.850', 'G07.265.880', 'G11.561.830'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350', 'D12.125.190.350']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Trypsinised human O erythrocytes in the detection of rubella-specific IgM by sera fractionation on sucrose density gradient and absorption with staphylococcal protein A.
|
Detection of rubella virus-specific IgM employing trypsin-treated human group O erythrocytes was evaluated using the method of sera fractionation on sucrose density gradients (SDG) and that of sera absorption with staphylococcal protein A. The former method proved to be highly specific and sensitive in confirming or excluding rubella by demonstration of specific IgM. In contrast, the latter method provided comparable results in only 71.43% of specimens tested by both methods while false-positive or -negative IgM results were obtained in the remaining 28.57% of specimens. In view of these results, therefore, it is recommended that all those specimens found positive for specific IgM by the protein A method must be confirmed by another procedure, possibly that of specific IgM reduction with 2-mercaptoethanol.
|
['ABO Blood-Group System', 'Antibodies, Viral', 'Centrifugation, Density Gradient', 'Child', 'Erythrocytes', 'Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin M', 'Rubella virus', 'Staphylococcal Protein A', 'Trypsin']
| 7,251,908
|
[['D23.050.301.290.031', 'D23.050.705.230.031'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254'], ['E05.181.724.336', 'E05.196.941.336'], ['M01.060.406'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.370', 'E05.200.812.735.370', 'E05.478.594.760.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.574', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.574', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.574'], ['B04.820.578.875.700.700'], ['D12.776.097.820', 'D23.050.161.821'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.895', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.895']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Characteristics of lymphocyte subsets in a normal Afro-Caribbean population and the implications in HIV management.
|
The Caribbean relies on normal lymphocyte subsets ranges established in other geographical locations and from different racial ethnic groups for the basis of the clinical management of HIV and AIDS with Highly Active Anti Retroviral Therapy (HAART). Normal ranges of these parameters have not been previously established in an Afro-Caribbean population. So we set out to determine how the normal lymphocyte subset ranges compare to those reported in other, races and geographical locations. A prospective study was done on 112 healthy Afro-Caribbean clients who attended the Blood Collection Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Barbados from July 15th to November 12th 2004. Analysis for lymphocyte subsets was done by flow cytometry, which allows simultaneous identification and enumeration of total T Helper, cytotoxic T, natural killer and B lymphocyte cells. HIV-1, Hepatitis B and C, HTLV-1 and full blood count test were done as part of the normal screening routine of all blood donors. Absolute white blood cell counts and percentage lymphocytes for males and females were not significantly different, and the absolute and percentage of the T-Helper CD4 positive lymphocyte cells were not significantly higher in females than in males. Absolute Cytotoxic T cell CD8 positive lymphocyte cells were higher in males than in females. CD56 Natural Killer cells absolute and percentage counts were higher in males than females however CD19 B Lympocyte absolute and percentage counts were not different between the two sexes in this sample population. Compared to published normal ranges published by the WHO and CDC, there were no significantly differences observed in any of the lymphocyte subsets. These finding are very similar to what has been reported in previous studies. We conclude that WHO/CDC recommendations established for the treatment and monitoring of HIV/AIDS patients based on CD4 levels can be safely utilized in our population.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active', 'Barbados', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Lymphocyte Count', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Reference Values', 'T-Lymphocyte Subsets']
| 18,050,783
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.319.310.075'], ['Z01.107.084.900.140', 'Z01.639.880.140'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595.500', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595.500', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595.500', 'E05.200.625.107.595.500', 'E05.242.195.107.595.500', 'G04.140.107.595.500', 'G09.188.105.595.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.978.810'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Food webs in relation to variation in the environment and species assemblage: a multivariate approach.
|
The abiotic environment has strong influences on the growth, survival, behavior, and ecology of aquatic organisms. Biotic interactions and species life histories interact with abiotic factors to structure the food web. One measure of food-web structure is food-chain length. Several hypotheses predict a linear relationship between one environmental variable (e.g., disturbance or ecosystem size) and food-chain length. However, many abiotic and biotic variables interact in diverse ways to structure a community, and may affect other measures of food web structure besides food-chain length. This study took a multivariate approach to test the influence of several important environmental variables on four food-web characteristics measured in nine ponds along a hydroperiod gradient over two years. This approach allowed for testing the ecosystem size and dynamic constraints hypotheses while in context of other possibly interacting environmental variables. The relationship between amphibian and invertebrate communities and pond habitat variables was assessed to understand the underlying food-web structure. Hydroperiod and pond area had a strong influence on amphibian and invertebrate communities, trophic diversity and ä15N range. The range in ä13C values responded strongly to dissolved oxygen. Food-chain length responded to multiple environmental variables. Invertebrate and amphibian communities were structured by pond hydroperiod which in turn influenced the trophic diversity of the food web. The results of this study suggest food-chain length is influenced by environmental variation and species assemblage and that a multivariate approach may allow us to better understand the dynamics within and across aquatic food webs.
|
['Animals', 'Biodiversity', 'Ecosystem', 'Food Chain', 'Multivariate Analysis']
| 25,880,079
|
[['B01.050'], ['G16.500.275.157.049', 'N06.230.124.049'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['G16.500.275.157.250', 'N06.230.124.250'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Acceptance patterns of retaliatory aggression among adjudicated youth by sex and race.
|
This study investigates sex and race differences in normative beliefs about the acceptability of aggression across dimensions of severity of provocation (weak versus strong) and sex of provoker (male versus female). Students in the sample of 311 included those required to attend three Department of Youth Services schools after placement by the juvenile court system from across the state of Alabama (N=392). Results show that males were significantly more likely than females to approve of retaliation to weak provocation and against females. There were no significant differences between males and females for retaliation with strong provocation and against males. Results also show the Black group was significantly more likely than the White group to approve of retaliation to weak provocation, strong provocation, and against females.
|
['Adolescent', 'African Continental Ancestry Group', 'Aggression', 'Alabama', 'Child', 'Cohort Studies', 'Cross-Cultural Comparison', 'Culture', 'Data Collection', 'Ethnic Groups', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Female', 'Hostility', 'Humans', 'Juvenile Delinquency', 'Male', 'Prisoners', 'Sex Factors']
| 17,153,801
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.686.508.100'], ['F01.145.126.125', 'F01.145.813.045'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.100', 'Z01.107.567.875.750.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['I01.076.201.450.281', 'I01.880.853.100.257'], ['I01.076.201.450', 'I01.880.853.100'], ['E05.318.308', 'L01.399.250', 'N05.715.360.300', 'N06.850.520.308'], ['M01.686.754', 'N01.224.317'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['F01.470.596'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.880.735.479'], ['M01.729'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
S-nitrosation impairs KLF4 activity and instigates endothelial dysfunction in pulmonary arterial hypertension.
|
Kr?ppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is a transcription factor with conserved zinc finger domains. As an essential regulator of vascular homeostasis, KLF4 exerts a protective effect in endothelial cells (ECs), including regulating vasodilation, inflammation, coagulation and oxidative stress. However, the underlying mechanisms modifying KLF4 activity in mediating vascular function remain poorly understood. Recently, essential roles for S-nitrosation have been implicated in many pathophysiologic processes of cardiovascular disease. Here, we demonstrated that KLF4 could undergo S-nitrosation in response to nitrosative stress in ECs, leading to the decreased nuclear localization with compromised transactivity. Mass-spectrometry and site-directed mutagenesis revealed that S-nitrosation modified KLF4 predominantly at Cys437. Functionally, KLF4 dependent vasodilatory response was impaired after S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) treatment. In ECs, endothelin-1 (ET-1) induced KLF4 S-nitrosation, which was inhibited by an endothelin receptor antagonist Bosentan. In hypoxia-induced rat model of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), S-nitrosated KLF4 (SNO-KLF4) was significantly increased in lung tissues, along with decreased nuclear localization of KLF4. In summary, we demonstrated that S-nitrosation is a novel mechanism for the post-translational modification of KLF4 in ECs. Moreover, these findings suggested that KLF4 S-nitrosation may be implicated in the pathogenesis of vascular dysfunction and diseases such as PAH.
|
['Animals', 'Cysteine', 'Endothelial Cells', 'Endothelin-1', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Pulmonary', 'Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors', 'Male', 'Protein Transport', 'Rats', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Vasodilation']
| 30,660,098
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.886.030.230', 'D02.886.489.155', 'D12.125.154.299', 'D12.125.166.230'], ['A11.436.275'], ['D12.644.276.400.225', 'D12.776.467.400.225', 'D23.529.400.225'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['A11.436.275.682'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381.423', 'C14.907.489.556'], ['D12.776.260.522', 'D12.776.930.375'], ['G03.143.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.828'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['G09.330.380.928']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Biperiden and haloperidol plasma levels and extrapyramidal side effects in schizophrenic patients.
|
Anticholinergic drugs such as biperiden are used for the treatment of extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) induced by neuroleptics such as haloperidol. The effects of biperiden and haloperidol plasma levels on EPS were studied in 29 chronically ill schizophrenics. The results show relationships between biperiden dose and biperiden plasma levels (BPL), and between BPL and haloperidol plasma levels (HPL). Neither BPL nor HPL seem to influence EPS.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Anti-Dyskinesia Agents', 'Antipsychotic Agents', 'Basal Ganglia Diseases', 'Biperiden', 'Chronic Disease', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Haloperidol', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Schizophrenia']
| 9,267,855
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.427.090'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.331'], ['C10.228.140.079'], ['D02.455.426.100.080.100', 'D03.383.621.110', 'D03.605.084.500.332'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D02.522.352.506'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['F03.700.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Efficacy of Some Essential Oils Against Aspergillus flavus with Special Reference to Lippia alba Oil an Inhibitor of Fungal Proliferation and Aflatoxin B1 Production in Green Gram Seeds during Storage.
|
During mycofloral analysis of green gram (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) seed samples taken from different grocery stores by agar and standard blotter paper methods, 5 fungal species were identified, of which Aspergillus flavus exhibited higher relative frequency (75.20% to 80.60%) and was found to produce aflatoxin B1 . On screening of 11 plant essential oils against this mycotoxigenic fungi, Lippia alba essential oil was found to be most effective and showed absolute inhibition of mycelia growth at 0.28 ìL/mL. The oil of L. alba was fungistatic and fungicidal at 0.14 and 0.28 ìL/mL, respectively. Oil had broad range of fungitoxicity at its MIC value and was absolutely inhibited the AFB1 production level at 2.0 ìL/mL. Chemical analysis of this oil revealed geranial (36.9%) and neral (29.3%) as major components followed by myrcene (18.6%). Application of a dose of 80 ìL/0.25 L air of Lippia oil in the storage system significantly inhibited the fungal proliferation and aflatoxin production without affecting the seed germination rate. By the virtue of fungicidal, antiaflatoxigenic nature and potent efficacy in storage food system, L. alba oil can be commercialized as botanical fungicide for the protection of green gram seeds during storage.
|
['Acyclic Monoterpenes', 'Aflatoxin B1', 'Alkenes', 'Antifungal Agents', 'Aspergillus flavus', 'Fabaceae', 'Food Microbiology', 'Food Storage', 'Fungicides, Industrial', 'Humans', 'Lippia', 'Monoterpenes', 'Oils, Volatile', 'Plant Extracts', 'Plant Oils', 'Seeds']
| 26,928,885
|
[['D02.455.849.575.125'], ['D03.383.663.283.119.075', 'D03.633.100.150.119.075', 'D23.946.587.142.075'], ['D02.455.326.271'], ['D27.505.954.122.136'], ['B01.300.381.081.170'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.332', 'J01.576.423.850.730.500.249.300', 'N06.850.425.200', 'N06.850.460.400.300', 'N06.850.601.500.249.300'], ['J01.576.423.200.387'], ['D27.720.031.700.288', 'D27.888.723.288'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.583.990.433'], ['D02.455.849.575'], ['D10.627.675'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D10.627.700', 'D20.215.784.750'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Left ventricular end-systolic volume as the major determinant of survival after recovery from myocardial infarction.
|
Impairment of left ventricular function is the major predictor of mortality after acute myocardial infarction, but it is not known whether this is best described by ejection fraction or by end-systolic or end-diastolic volume. We measured volumes, ejection fractions, and severity of coronary arterial occlusions and stenoses in 605 male patients under 60 years of age at 1 to 2 months after a first (n = 443) or recurrent (n = 162) myocardial infarction and followed these patients for a mean of 78 months for survivors (range 15 to 165 months). There were 101 cardiac deaths, 71 (70%) of which were sudden (instantaneous or found dead). Multivariate analysis with log rank testing and the Cox proportional hazards model showed that end-systolic volume (chi 2 = 82.9) had greater predictive value for survival than end-diastolic volume (chi 2 = 59.0) or ejection fraction (chi 2 = 46.6), whereas stepwise analysis showed that once the relationship between survival and end-systolic volume had been fitted, there was no additional significant predictive information in either end-diastolic volume or ejection fraction. Severity of coronary occlusions and stenoses showed additional prediction of only borderline significance (p = .04 in one analysis), but continued cigarette smoking did remain an independent risk factor after stepwise analysis. For a subset of patients (n = 200) who had taken part in a randomized trial of coronary artery surgery after recovery from infarction, surgical "intention to treat" showed no predictive value.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Blood Volume', 'Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Heart', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Prognosis', 'Stroke Volume', 'Systole']
| 3,594,774
|
[['G09.188.130', 'G09.330.380.092'], ['E04.100.376', 'E04.928.220'], ['A07.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['E01.789'], ['E01.370.370.380.150.700', 'G09.330.380.124.882'], ['G09.330.580.880', 'G11.427.494.570.880']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Atherosclerosis and pediatrics. Role of nutrition of healthy children].
|
In the last few years many authors have studied atherosclerosis prevention in paediatrics. In our paper the most recent advances concerning the role of dietary intake in the normal child are described. Human milk and "prudent" diet with low intake of lipids and dietary cholesterol are discussed.
|
['Adolescent', 'Age Factors', 'Arteriosclerosis', 'Child', 'Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cholesterol', 'Cholesterol, Dietary', 'Diet', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena', 'Obesity']
| 2,150,021
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['C14.907.137.126'], ['M01.060.406'], ['G07.203.650.220'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.225', 'D10.212.302.347', 'D10.570.938.208.222'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['G07.203.650.220.500'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Is there gender discrimination in full breastfeeding in Mexico?
|
Introduction: Objective: differences have been shown between males and females in terms of the prevalence of malnutrition in different parts of the world, which point to discrimination against females, including with respect to full breastfeeding. Therefore, the objective was to show that exclusive breastfeeding is less common for females in a population of medium-low and low socioeconomic strata. Methods: this was a cross-sectional analysis of a sample of 170 mother-infant dyads according to type of feeding (74 full breastfeeding, 57 partial breastfeeding and 39 human milk substitutes) at the Nuevo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara. Dependent variables according to type of feeding: full breastfeeding (exclusive and/or predominant), partial breastfeeding, and human milk substitutes. Independent variables: demographic data, schooling, occupation of mothers and/or parents, and family income. Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U and Chi-square tests and odds ratio were used. Results: the probability of full breastfeeding was 3.8 times lower in females than in males. In a non-significant way, the likelihood of full breastfeeding was lower than that of partial breastfeeding, and full breastfeeding was lower than the combination of partial breastfeeding and human milk substitutes in females. Full breastfeeding and partial breastfeeding were lower than human milk substitutes, and partial breastfeeding was lower than human milk substitutes in females. Conclusion: there is a differentiated character in the privilege of full breastfeeding; it is four times lower in females than in males.
|
['Adult', 'Breast Feeding', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Family Characteristics', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Income', 'Infant', 'Infant Formula', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Marital Status', 'Mexico', 'Mothers', 'Sexism', 'Social Discrimination', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Young Adult']
| 31,033,334
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.407.199', 'G07.203.650.195', 'G07.203.650.220.500.500', 'G07.203.650.353.199'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F01.829.263.315', 'I01.240.361', 'I01.880.853.150.423', 'N01.224.361', 'N01.824.308', 'N06.850.505.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N01.824.417'], ['M01.060.703'], ['G07.203.100.712.249', 'G07.203.300.525.350.500', 'G07.203.300.525.500.500', 'J02.200.712.249', 'J02.500.525.350.500', 'J02.500.525.500.500'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['F01.829.263.315.500', 'I01.240.361.500', 'I01.880.853.150.423.500', 'N01.224.361.500', 'N01.824.308.500'], ['Z01.107.567.589'], ['F01.829.263.500.320.200', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340.270', 'M01.620.630'], ['F01.145.813.550.750', 'F01.145.813.629.750', 'F01.829.595.750'], ['F01.145.813.629'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Baseline varus deformity is associated with increased joint loading and pain of non-operated knee two years after unilateral total knee arthroplasty.
|
BACKGROUND: The goals of this study were (1) to document the gait pattern of patients with unilateral knee osteoarthritis (OA), (2) to determine the knee adduction moment (KAM) changes in the non-operated knee, and (3) to identify the predictors of change in KAM in the non-operated knee.METHODS: The study recruited 23 patients with advanced unilateral knee OA. The preoperative Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade of the non-operated knee was one or two; non-operated knee pain, rated using a numeric rating scale (NRS), was less than three out of 10 points. We used a commercial gait analysis system to evaluate kinetics and kinematics. Radiological and gait measurements at the two-year follow-up were compared with baseline data.RESULTS: The preoperative asymmetrical gait cycle characterized by elongation of the stance phase of the non-operated knee became symmetrical after TKA. The average KAM of the non-operated knee increased (P=0.010) and it was best predicted by the baseline mechanical axis of the non-operated knee. If the baseline mechanical axis was varus four degrees or above (varus group), the average KAM increased by 0.64 (% body weight?height, P=0.015), while for varus less than four degrees (non-varus group), KAM was unchanged. The KL grade was increased in the varus group (P=0.020) but it was unchanged in the non-varus group. Average pain NRS score was also higher (P=0.044) in the varus group.CONCLUSIONS: Close follow-up is necessary for patients with a baseline varus deformity of the non-operated knee because of the higher possibility of developing pain, subsequent arthritis and increased joint loading of the non-operated knee.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III, retrospective cohort study.
|
['Aged', 'Arthralgia', 'Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Gait', 'Genu Varum', 'Humans', 'Knee Joint', 'Osteoarthritis, Knee', 'Pain Measurement', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 29,548,817
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C05.550.091', 'C23.888.592.612.094', 'F02.830.816.444.350', 'G11.561.790.444.350'], ['E04.555.110.110.115', 'E04.650.110.115', 'E04.680.101.110.115'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E01.370.600.250', 'G11.427.410.568.900.750'], ['C05.116.511'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['C05.550.114.606.500', 'C05.799.613.500'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Promoter-hypermethylation is causing functional relevant downregulation of methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) expression in hepatocellular carcinoma.
|
The methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) gene is localized in the chromosomal region 9p21. Here, frequently homozygous deletions occur in several kinds of cancer associated with the loss of tumour suppressor genes as p16 and p15. The aim of this study was to analyse MTAP expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to get an insight into the regulation and functional role of MTAP in hepatocancerogenesis. Compared with primary human hepatocytes MTAP expression was markedly downregulated in three different HCC cell lines as determined by real-time PCR and western blotting. This was not due to genomic losses or mutations but to promoter-hypermethylation. Reduced MTAP-expression was confirmed in vivo in HCC compared with non-cancerous liver tissue on both mRNA and protein levels. To study the functional relevance of the downregulated MTAP expression in HCC, MTAP expression was re-induced in HCC cell lines by stable transfection. In these MTAP re-expressing cell clones the invasive potential was strongly reduced, whereas no effects on cell proliferation were observed in comparison with mock transfected cell clones. Furthermore, in MTAP re-expressing cells interferon (IFN)-alpha and IFN-gamma induced a significantly stronger inhibition of cell proliferation than in mock transfected cells. In conclusion, our results suggest a functional role of MTAP inactivation in HCC development and invasiveness. Furthermore, in the light of a recent report revealing an association between MTAP activity and IFN sensitivity, our findings may have clinical significance for therapeutic strategies.
|
['Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'DNA Methylation', 'Down-Regulation', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Interferon-alpha', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Liver', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Luciferases', 'Mutation', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylase', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 16,081,515
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G02.111.035.538.161', 'G02.111.218', 'G03.059.538.161', 'G05.206'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890.250', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890.250', 'D23.529.374.440.890.250'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['A03.620'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['D08.811.682.517', 'D12.776.532.510'], ['G05.365.590'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.800'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Association of Unrecognized Obstructive Sleep Apnea With Postoperative Cardiovascular Events in Patients Undergoing Major Noncardiac Surgery.
|
Importance: Unrecognized obstructive sleep apnea increases cardiovascular risks in the general population, but whether obstructive sleep apnea poses a similar risk in the perioperative period remains uncertain.Objectives: To determine the association between obstructive sleep apnea and 30-day risk of cardiovascular complications after major noncardiac surgery.Design, Setting, and Participants: Prospective cohort study involving adult at-risk patients without prior diagnosis of sleep apnea and undergoing major noncardiac surgery from 8 hospitals in 5 countries between January 2012 and July 2017, with follow-up until August 2017. Postoperative monitoring included nocturnal pulse oximetry and measurement of cardiac troponin concentrations.Exposures: Obstructive sleep apnea was classified as mild (respiratory event index [REI] 5-14.9 events/h), moderate (REI 15-30), and severe (REI >30), based on preoperative portable sleep monitoring.Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was a composite of myocardial injury, cardiac death, heart failure, thromboembolism, atrial fibrillation, and stroke within 30 days of surgery. Proportional-hazards analysis was used to determine the association between obstructive sleep apnea and postoperative cardiovascular complications.Results: Among a total of 1364 patients recruited for the study, 1218 patients (mean age, 67 [SD, 9] years; 40.2% women) were included in the analyses. At 30 days after surgery, rates of the primary outcome were 30.1% (41/136) for patients with severe OSA, 22.1% (52/235) for patients with moderate OSA, 19.0% (86/452) for patients with mild OSA, and 14.2% (56/395) for patients with no OSA. OSA was associated with higher risk for the primary outcome (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.49 [95% CI, 1.19-2.01]; P = .01); however, the association was significant only among patients with severe OSA (adjusted HR, 2.23 [95% CI, 1.49-3.34]; P = .001) and not among those with moderate OSA (adjusted HR, 1.47 [95% CI, 0.98-2.09]; P = .07) or mild OSA (adjusted HR, 1.36 [95% CI, 0.97-1.91]; P = .08) (P = .01 for interaction). The mean cumulative duration of oxyhemoglobin desaturation less than 80% during the first 3 postoperative nights in patients with cardiovascular complications (23.1 [95% CI, 15.5-27.7] minutes) was longer than in those without (10.2 [95% CI, 7.8-10.9] minutes) (P < .001). No significant interaction effects on perioperative outcomes were observed with type of anesthesia, use of postoperative opioids, and supplemental oxygen therapy.Conclusions and Relevance: Among at-risk adults undergoing major noncardiac surgery, unrecognized severe obstructive sleep apnea was significantly associated with increased risk of 30-day postoperative cardiovascular complications. Further research would be needed to assess whether interventions can modify this risk.
|
['Aged', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypoxia', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Polysomnography', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Sleep Apnea, Obstructive', 'Surgical Procedures, Operative']
| 31,087,023
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.888.852.079'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['E01.370.520.625'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C08.618.085.852.850', 'C10.886.425.800.750.850'], ['E04']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Resveratrol in Chlamydia pneumoniae-induced foam cell formation and interleukin-17A synthesis.
|
The involvement of Chlamydia pneumoniae in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis has been suggested by numerous seroepidemiological, in vivo and in vitro studies. In particular, it has been shown that C. pneumoniae is able to promote the accumulation of low-density lipoproteins into macrophages, thus facilitating foam cell formation. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of resveratrol on macrophage derived foam cell formation induced by C. pneumoniae, examining its underlying biochemical mechanisms. Our results showed a relevant decrease in the number of foam cells, in the production of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, superoxide anion and IL 17A while treating C. pneumoniae infected macrophages with resveratrol. Furthermore, the inhibition of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors gamma by a specific antagonist (GW 9662), in presence of resveratrol and C. pneumoniae, enhanced intracellular lipid and cholesterol accumulation and the subsequent foam cell formation. In conclusion, the main result of our study is the evidence of an antiatherogenic effect of resveratrol on macrophage-derived foam cell formation and IL-17A production induced by C. pneumoniae.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chlamydophila pneumoniae', 'Foam Cells', 'Interleukin-17', 'Lipoproteins, LDL', 'Mice', 'PPAR gamma', 'Resveratrol', 'Stilbenes', 'Superoxides']
| 23,830,400
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['B03.440.190.190.230.249'], ['A11.329.372.368', 'A11.627.482.368', 'A11.733.397.368', 'A15.382.670.522.368', 'A15.382.680.397.368'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.517', 'D12.776.467.374.465.517', 'D23.529.374.465.517'], ['D10.532.515', 'D12.776.521.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.826.239.588'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700.725.875', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.715.500'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.850', 'D01.339.431.374.850', 'D01.650.550.750.800', 'D02.389.338.732']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
COMPUTING THERAPY FOR PRECISION MEDICINE: COLLABORATIVE FILTERING INTEGRATES AND PREDICTS MULTI-ENTITY INTERACTIONS.
|
Biomedicine produces copious information it cannot fully exploit. Specifically, there is considerable need to integrate knowledge from disparate studies to discover connections across domains. Here, we used a Collaborative Filtering approach, inspired by online recommendation algorithms, in which non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) predicts interactions among chemicals, genes, and diseases only from pairwise information about their interactions. Our approach, applied to matrices derived from the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database, successfully recovered Chemical-Disease, Chemical-Gene, and Disease-Gene networks in 10-fold cross-validation experiments. Additionally, we could predict each of these interaction matrices from the other two. Integrating all three CTD interaction matrices with NMF led to good predictions of STRING, an independent, external network of protein-protein interactions. Finally, this approach could integrate the CTD and STRING interaction data to improve Chemical-Gene cross-validation performance significantly, and, in a time-stamped study, it predicted information added to CTD after a given date, using only data prior to that date. We conclude that collaborative filtering can integrate information across multiple types of biological entities, and that as a first step towards precision medicine it can compute drug repurposing hypotheses.
|
['Algorithms', 'Computational Biology', 'Databases, Factual', 'Databases, Genetic', 'Drug Repositioning', 'Epistasis, Genetic', 'Humans', 'Knowledge Bases', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Precision Medicine', 'Systems Integration', 'Toxicogenetics']
| 26,776,170
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.325', 'L01.470.750.750.325'], ['E05.290.875'], ['G05.308.207'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.050.375.480', 'L01.313.500.750.300.550'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['E02.782', 'H02.403.200.700'], ['H01.770.787', 'L01.906.787'], ['H01.158.273.343.900', 'H01.158.891.850', 'H02.884.850']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The academic health center and the healthy community.
|
US medical care reflects the priorities and influence of academic health centers. This paper describes the leadership role assumed by one academic health center, the State University at Buffalo's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences and its eight affiliated hospitals, to serve its region by promoting shared governance in educating graduate physicians and in influencing the cost and quality of patient care. Cooperation among hospitals, health insurance payers, the business community, state government, and physicians helped establish priorities to meet community needs and reduce duplication of resources and services; to train more primary care physicians; to introduce shared governance into rural health care delivery; to develop a regional management information system; and to implement health policy. This approach, spearheaded by an academic health center without walls, may serve as a model for other academic health centers as they adapt to health care reform.
|
['Academic Medical Centers', 'Community Health Services', 'Education, Medical, Graduate', 'Hospitals, Teaching', 'Humans', 'Management Information Systems', 'New York', 'Organizational Affiliation', 'Primary Health Care', 'Regional Medical Programs', 'Rural Health']
| 8,017,527
|
[['N02.278.020'], ['N02.421.143'], ['I02.358.337.350', 'I02.358.399.350'], ['N02.278.020.300', 'N02.278.421.639'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N04.452.515'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.437', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530'], ['N04.452.602'], ['N04.590.233.727'], ['N03.349.650.400'], ['N01.400.548.750']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Alcohol-impaired driving and children in the household.
|
More children in the United States are killed in motor vehicle crashes annually than by any other cause; nearly a quarter of these deaths involve alcohol. This study examines the national prevalence of alcohol-impaired driving and riding with an alcohol-impaired driver and the association of these behaviors to having at least 1 child in the household. An estimated 2.5 million adult drivers with children living in their households reported that they had been a recent alcohol-impaired driver. Evidence-based approaches, including mass media campaigns and sobriety checkpoints, continue to be critically important public health activities.
|
['Accident Prevention', 'Accidents, Traffic', 'Adult', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Automobile Driving', 'Child', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Parent-Child Relations', 'Parents', 'Prevalence', 'Primary Prevention', 'Public Opinion', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk-Taking', 'Social Environment', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'United States']
| 19,305,215
|
[['N06.850.135.060'], ['N06.850.135.392'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['I03.125'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.263.370.290'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['N02.421.726.758', 'N06.850.780.680'], ['I01.880.630.548'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['F01.145.722'], ['I01.880.853.500'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Cephalosporins Associated Pseudomembraneous Colitis in an Elderly Male Patient - A Case Report.
|
INTRODUCTION: Incidence of antibiotic- associated diarrhoea is a common (10-30%) but pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) is less frequent (1-5%). Fluoroquinolones, clindamycin, penicillins, cephalosporins (mostly third generation) are commonly associated with PMC. The association between cephalosporins and PMC is now well established.CASE PRESENTATION: A 78 year old male patient developed pseudomembraneous colitis after administration of Ceftriaxone and Cefazoline for the treatment of pleural effusion. The reaction was confirmed by ultrasonography and CT scan. Causative agents were stopped and patient was managed by systemic therapy. Patient was expired due to respiratory complications as there was complexity in management of disease due to development of pseudomembraneous colitis.CONCLUSION: Increase awareness of prescribers for high-risk drugs, close monitoring, with immediate withdrawal of the culprit drug can reduce the complexity of management that occur due to development of such adverse drug reaction.
|
['Aged', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Cefazolin', 'Ceftriaxone', 'Cephalosporins', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous', 'Fatal Outcome', 'Humans', 'Male']
| 28,625,146
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D02.065.589.099.249.160', 'D02.886.665.074.160', 'D03.633.100.300.249.160'], ['D02.065.589.099.249.190.190.155', 'D02.886.665.074.190.190.155', 'D03.633.100.300.249.190.190.155'], ['D02.065.589.099.249', 'D02.886.665.074', 'D03.633.100.300.249'], ['E02.319.310'], ['C01.150.252.410.222.310', 'C06.405.205.596.800', 'C06.405.469.363.800'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.325', 'N01.224.935.698.201', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.325', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Timothy silage with low dietary cation-anion difference fed to nonlactating cows.
|
Decreasing the dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) by using anion sources before calving reduces hypocalcemia in cows at calving. Reduced DCAD from CaCl2-fertilized timothy hay achieves similar results, but the effects of feeding low-DCAD forage as silage have not been determined. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of low-DCAD timothy silage on dry cows. Six nonlactating and nonpregnant Holstein cows were used in a replicated 3 x 3 Latin square. Treatments were 1) control diet (DCAD = 232 mEq/kg of dry matter, DM); 2) low-DCAD diet using a low-DCAD timothy silage (LDTS; DCAD = -21 mEq/kg of DM); and 3) low-DCAD diet using a fermentation by-product (LDBP; DCAD = -32 mEq/kg of DM). Differences between dietary treatments were considered statistically significant at P < or = 0.05 and tendencies were noted when 0.05 < P < 0.10. Compared with the control, feeding LDTS tended to decrease DM intake (10.6 vs. 12.5 kg/d) and decreased urinary pH (6.15 vs. 8.18) as well as apparent digestibility of DM (67 vs. 69%). Blood pH (7.37 vs. 7.42), HCO3- (25.3 vs. 27.5 mM), and base excess (0.4 vs. 3.1 mM) were decreased, and blood Cl- (29.6 vs. 29.1 mg/dL) was increased. Apparently absorbed Na and Cl were higher and apparently absorbed K, P, and digested ADF were lower for LDTS compared with the control. Both LDTS and LDBP resulted in similar DM intake. Urinary pH tended to be higher (6.15 vs. 5.98) and percentage of digested DM was lower (67 vs. 70%) with LDTS compared with LDBP. Blood ionized Ca (5.3 vs. 5.4 mg/dL) tended to be lower and blood Cl- (29.6 vs. 30.1 mg/dL) was lower, whereas blood pH (7.37 vs. 7.33), HCO3- (25.3 vs. 21.5 mM), and base excess (0.4 vs. -3.8 mM) were higher with LDTS compared with LDBP. Apparent absorption of Na, Cl, S, and P, as well as apparent digestion of acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and N were lower, and K, Cl, S, P, Mg, and N were less retained with LDTS compared with LDBP. Results confirm that low-DCAD timothy silage can be used to produce a compensated metabolic acidosis by decreasing the DCAD of rations served to nonlactating dairy cows.
|
['Acid-Base Equilibrium', 'Animals', 'Anions', 'Blood Chemical Analysis', 'Cations', 'Cattle', 'Cattle Diseases', 'Diet', 'Eating', 'Feces', 'Female', 'Hypocalcemia', 'Phleum', 'Silage', 'Time Factors', 'Urine']
| 19,389,965
|
[['G02.111.007', 'G02.300.176', 'G03.030', 'G07.410.110', 'G09.188.050'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.248.497.158'], ['E01.370.225.124.100', 'E05.200.124.100'], ['D01.248.497.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['C22.196'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['G07.203.650.283', 'G10.261.330'], ['A12.459'], ['C18.452.174.509', 'C18.452.950.509'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.788'], ['G07.203.200.750', 'G07.203.300.300.100.800', 'J02.350.750', 'J02.500.300.100.800'], ['G01.910.857'], ['A12.207.927']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Chronic occupational exposure to lead leads to significant mucocutaneous changes in lead factory workers.
|
BACKGROUND: Chronic lead toxicity is a worldwide public health problem. Lead possesses deleterious effects on many organ systems. However, little is known regarding its clinical and biophysical effects on the skin.OBJECTIVE: To investigate mucocutaneous signs and biophysical property changes in skin after chronic lead toxicity.METHODS: One hundred and eighty-seven patients who were car battery workers participated in the study. Complete history and physical examination were performed. Blood was collected for laboratory analyses. Thorough skin examination by dermatologists was carried out in 134 subjects. Additionally, 96 patients with blood lead levels (BLL) >70 ìg/dL were further evaluated for skin elasticity, sebum content, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), hydration, pH and pigmentation. An equal number of age-, sex- and skin-type-matched subjects were recruited as controls.RESULTS: The mean BLL of all subjects was 74.15 ± 11.58 ìg/dL. The most frequently observed signs were gingival brown pigmentation in 112 (83.6%), gingivitis in 111 (82.8%) and lead line in 66 (49.3%) patients. The lead line was found in subjects with significantly higher BLLs (adjusted mean difference 6.45, 95% CI 2.30-10.60 ìg/dL, P = 0.003) and in association with gingivitis (adjusted OR 7.32, 95% CI 2.08-25.74, P = 0.002). Mean BLL of the patients who underwent biophysical assessment was 82.77 ± 9.80 ìg/dL. Patients exhibited a statistically significant lower skin hydration observed by corneometer as well as elasticity. The adjusted ORs of having dry skin and lower elasticity were 15.32 (95% CI 4.41-53.24), P < 0.001) and 1.96 (95% CI 1.06-3.60), P = 0.031), respectively. These differences were not significant for sebum content, TEWL, pH and pigmentation.CONCLUSION: Importantly, even in normal-appearing skin, level of hydration and elasticity decreased in lead-intoxicated patients. These results suggest that lead might possess harmful effects on the skin at measurable levels.
|
['Adult', 'Automobiles', 'Elasticity', 'Female', 'Gingiva', 'Gingivitis', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Lead', 'Lead Poisoning', 'Male', 'Manufacturing Industry', 'Occupational Exposure', 'Sebum', 'Skin', 'Skin Pigmentation', 'Water', 'Water Loss, Insensible']
| 31,087,433
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['J01.937.500.100'], ['G01.374.590'], ['A14.549.167.646.480'], ['C01.408', 'C07.465.714.258.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['D01.268.556.435', 'D01.552.544.435'], ['C25.723.522.750'], ['J01.576.655'], ['N06.850.460.350.600'], ['A12.200.702'], ['A17.815'], ['E01.370.600.115.450.500', 'E01.370.600.620.750', 'G07.100.175.500', 'G13.750.837', 'G16.690.890'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925'], ['G02.111.635.500.750', 'G03.615.500.750', 'G07.410.810.500.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of chronic ethanol feeding on lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation in relation to liver pathology.
|
Liver lipid peroxidation, nonheme iron, antioxidants, and protein oxidation were investigated in experimental alcohol-induced liver disease in the rat. Wistar male rats were intragastrically and continuously infused for 4 weeks with a high-fat diet plus an ethanol or an isocaloric amount of dextrose, maintaining a high blood alcohol level (200-300 mg%). This model induced fatty liver, spotty necrosis, and focal inflammation. This pathology was associated with an enhanced lipid peroxidation and a decrease in the major antioxidant factors. Hepatic alpha-tocopherol and glutathione concentrations were significantly decreased in ethanol-fed rats. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was also decreased, whereas glutathione S-transferase (GST) was unaffected. The nonheme iron level was significantly decreased. Protein oxidation was assessed through three parameters: protein thiols, protein carbonyl groups, and the activity of glutamine synthetase (GS), a centrilobular enzyme particularly susceptible to free-radical-mediated damage. Ethanol-fed rats had decreased protein thiol concentrations and reduced GS activity, together with increased protein carbonyls. A significant correlation between GS activity and the pathological score was observed. This study confirms the ethanol-related increase in lipid peroxidation and shows that ethanol impairs the hepatic antioxidant potential. Furthermore, evidence of oxidative protein damage is given, including decreased activity of a key enzyme of ammonia metabolism. These protein disturbances may contribute to the pathogenesis of the observed liver damage.
|
['Animals', 'Ethanol', 'Glutathione', 'Glutathione Peroxidase', 'Glutathione Transferase', 'Lipid Peroxidation', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Vitamin E']
| 9,021,946
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.033.375'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['D08.811.682.732.500'], ['D08.811.913.225.500'], ['G02.111.515', 'G03.295.531.587'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D03.383.663.283.909', 'D03.633.100.150.909']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Spinal cord compression due to an extra-dural intra-vascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia of the thoracic spine.
|
We present a case of spinal cord compression in a 33-year-old male due to a T6-T7 paravertebral mass extending through the intervertebral foramen into the vertebral canal. Histopathological feature was consistent with an intra-vascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia. Differential diagnosis of the lesion and review of the literature are presented.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Vessels', 'Craniotomy', 'Endothelial Cells', 'Humans', 'Hyperplasia', 'Laminectomy', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Neurosurgical Procedures', 'Paraparesis', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Spinal Cord Compression', 'Spinal Diseases', 'Thoracic Vertebrae', 'Thoracotomy', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vascular Diseases', 'Vascular Surgical Procedures']
| 19,763,392
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A07.015'], ['E04.525.190'], ['A11.436.275'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.444'], ['E02.718.563', 'E04.188.400', 'E04.525.450', 'E04.555.350'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E04.525'], ['C10.597.636.500', 'C23.888.592.643.500'], ['C23.550.767'], ['C10.228.854.761', 'C26.819.678'], ['C05.116.900'], ['A02.835.232.834.892'], ['E04.928.760'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C14.907'], ['E04.100.814']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Age-related differences in performance on the Wisconsin card sorting test: a meta-analytic review.
|
Two meta-analyses investigating age-related differences in performance on a popular measure of executive function, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), are reported. The 1st meta-analysis examined age-related changes in performance for the number of categories achieved, and the 2nd meta-analysis examined performance for the number of perseverative errors committed. Results indicated that robust age differences were present on both measures. Further analysis of moderator variables revealed reliable effects of education and test version on both measures, whereas test modality led to marginally significant differences in effect sizes obtained only for the number of categories achieved. Findings are discussed along with current accounts of age differences in performance of the WCST.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aging', 'Discrimination Learning', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Pattern Recognition, Visual', 'Psychometrics', 'Reference Standards', 'Reproducibility of Results']
| 15,382,998
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G07.345.124'], ['F02.463.425.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.513'], ['F02.463.593.524.500', 'F02.463.593.932.622'], ['F04.711.780'], ['E05.978.808'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A novel human cytochrome P450 gene (P450IIB): chromosomal localization and evidence for alternative splicing.
|
We have isolated from a single human liver cDNA library two clones which are highly homologous (78% over the coding region) to the major phenobarbital-inducible P450 from rat (P450IIB1). This is the first direct demonstration of the presence of the P450IIB gene subfamily in humans. This subfamily is much less extensive than the rodent homologues, but does appear to contain at least two genes. Of the cDNA clones isolated one is apparently normally spliced, whereas the other lacks exon 8 and retains all or part of intron 5. Both clones contain transcribed Alu sequences. The human P450IIB gene has been located to chromosome 19q12----19q13.2 using a probe derived from intron 5, and is close to the CYP 2A locus encoding cytochrome P450IIA2. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms have been found with the enzymes BamHI and MspI which will enable linkage to be determined between these two loci.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System', 'DNA', 'Humans', 'Isoenzymes', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length', 'RNA Splicing', 'Rats']
| 2,899,870
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.183'], ['D08.244.453', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170', 'D12.776.422.220.453'], ['D13.444.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.795.595'], ['G02.111.760.700', 'G03.839.700', 'G05.308.700.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Campylobacter pyloridis in active chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer].
|
From Oct. 1986 to Jan. 1987, a total of 74 patients presenting for endoscopy were studied. These included 30 cases of active chronic gastritis and 44 cases of peptic ulcer. Biopsy specimens were taken during the endoscopy and sent to the laboratory for Campylobacter pyloridis culture within 2 hours. The culture was done by inoculated with chocolate agar, Brucella agar and 0.2% urea broth for urease activity. Results showed that, 53% (16/32) of active chronic gastritis, 77% (10/13) of gastric ulcer and 84% (26/31) of duodenal ulcer were positive for Campylobacter pyloridis. The specificity and sensitivity of urease positive rate are 64% and 90% respectively. It is higher as compared with bacteria culture. In addition, we found that 10 days would be needed for the routine culture and identification of this organism. But it took only 30 minutes to 6 hours for urease activity test. Therefore, we suggested that urease activity test could be a rapid diagnostic method for detecting Campylobacter pyloridis.
|
['Campylobacter', 'Campylobacter Infections', 'Chronic Disease', 'Gastritis', 'Humans', 'Peptic Ulcer', 'Urease']
| 3,652,784
|
[['B03.440.180', 'B03.660.150.235.250.500'], ['C01.150.252.400.177'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['C06.405.205.697', 'C06.405.748.398'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.405.469.275.800', 'C06.405.748.586'], ['D08.811.277.087.902']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Minimally invasive repair of hypospadiac urethral duplication.
|
Urethral duplication is a rare congenital anomaly with various clinical presentations, and multiple techniques have been described for its repair. We report a 1-year-old boy with hypospadiac urethral duplication who presented with double urinary stream. Voiding cystourethrography, retrograde urethrography, and cystourethroscopy showed the normal-caliber ventral urethra was dominant and the distal dorsal (non-dominant) urethra had a good caliber. Urethral reconstruction was performed with an incision of the adjoining walls of the both urethra in a side-to-side urethrourethrostomy fashion.
|
['Humans', 'Hypospadias', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Urethra', 'Urethral Diseases', 'Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male']
| 21,113,602
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.294.494.400', 'C12.706.516', 'C13.351.875.466', 'C16.131.939.516'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E04.502'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['A05.360.444.492.726', 'A05.810.876'], ['C12.777.767', 'C13.351.968.767'], ['E04.950.774.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Models with interactions overestimated heterogeneity of treatment effects and were prone to treatment mistargeting.
|
OBJECTIVES: We aimed to compare the performance of different regression modeling approaches for the prediction of heterogeneous treatment effects.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: We simulated trial samples (n = 3,600; 80% power for a treatment odds ratio of 0.8) from a superpopulation (N = 1,000,000) with 12 binary risk predictors, both without and with six true treatment interactions. We assessed predictions of treatment benefit for four regression models: a "risk model" (with a constant effect of treatment assignment) and three "effect models" (including interactions of risk predictors with treatment assignment). Three novel performance measures were evaluated: calibration for benefit (i.e., observed vs. predicted risk difference in treated vs. untreated), discrimination for benefit, and prediction error for benefit.RESULTS: The risk modeling approach was well-calibrated for benefit, whereas effect models were consistently overfit, even with doubled sample sizes. Penalized regression reduced miscalibration of the effect models considerably. In terms of discrimination and prediction error, the risk modeling approach was superior in the absence of true treatment effect interactions, whereas penalized regression was optimal in the presence of true treatment interactions.CONCLUSION: A risk modeling approach yields models consistently well calibrated for benefit. Effect modeling may improve discrimination for benefit in the presence of true interactions but is prone to overfitting. Hence, effect models-including only plausible interactions-should be fitted using penalized regression.
|
['Calibration', 'Coronary Artery Bypass', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Humans', 'Models, Statistical', 'Odds Ratio', 'Percutaneous Coronary Intervention', 'Precision Medicine', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'Regression Analysis', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Sample Size', 'Simulation Training', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 31,195,109
|
[['E05.978.155'], ['E04.100.376.719.332', 'E04.100.814.868.750', 'E04.928.220.520.220'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['E04.100.814.529.968', 'E04.502.382.968'], ['E02.782', 'H02.403.200.700'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.370.762', 'E05.581.500.902', 'N05.715.360.325.692', 'N06.850.520.445.762'], ['I02.903.847'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Mixed lymphocyte reaction and graft survival in forty cadaveric renal transplants.
|
The value of the MLR in predicting graft outcome was evaluated in forty cadaveric grafts. The MLR was assessed by the one and two way stimulation index (SI), the relative response (RR), and the stabilized relative response (SRR). Graft function was assessed by function at 3 and 6 months after transplantation, and a rejection grading based on the number and severity of rejection episodes during the first 3 months after transplantation. No correlation was found between the MLR and graft outcome in these patients.
|
['Cadaver', 'Graft Rejection', 'Graft Survival', 'HLA Antigens', 'Humans', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed', 'Transplantation, Homologous']
| 141,350
|
[['C23.550.260.224'], ['G12.875.545.328'], ['G12.875.545.340'], ['D23.050.301.500.450', 'D23.050.705.552.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.385.475', 'E05.200.812.385.475', 'E05.478.594.385.429'], ['E04.936.864']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Laterality Differences in Cerebellar-Motor Cortex Connectivity.
|
Lateralization of function is an important organizational feature of the motor system. Each effector is predominantly controlled by the contralateral cerebral cortex and the ipsilateral cerebellum. Transcranial magnetic stimulation studies have revealed hemispheric differences in the stimulation strength required to evoke a muscle response from the primary motor cortex (M1), with the dominant hemisphere typically requiring less stimulation than the nondominant. The current study assessed whether the strength of the connection between the cerebellum and M1 (CB-M1), known to change in association with motor learning, have hemispheric differences and whether these differences have any behavioral correlate. We observed, in right-handed individuals, that the connection between the right cerebellum and left M1 is typically stronger than the contralateral network. Behaviorally, we detected no lateralized learning processes, though we did find a significant effect on the amplitude of reaching movements across hands. Furthermore, we observed that the strength of the CB-M1 connection is correlated with the amplitude variability of reaching movements, a measure of movement precision, where stronger connectivity was associated with better precision. These findings indicate that lateralization in the motor system is present beyond the primary motor cortex, and points to an association between cerebellar M1 connectivity and movement execution.
|
['Adult', 'Arm', 'Cerebellum', 'Electromyography', 'Evoked Potentials, Motor', 'Female', 'Functional Laterality', 'Humans', 'Learning', 'Male', 'Motor Activity', 'Motor Cortex', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Neural Pathways', 'Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation', 'Young Adult']
| 24,436,320
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A01.378.800.075'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.428.200'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['G07.265.216.500.385', 'G11.561.200.500.385'], ['F02.830.297.425', 'G11.561.225.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270.548', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.624'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['A08.612'], ['E02.621.820'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Incidence and Risk Factors for Sigmoid Venous Thrombosis Following CPA Tumor Resection.
|
OBJECTIVE: Our primary aim was to determine the incidence of sigmoid venous thrombosis (SVT) and determine risks factors and sequelae of SVT following cerebellopontine angle tumor resection.STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study.SETTING: Academic tertiary care hospital.PATIENTS: Patients over 18 years of age who underwent resection of cerebellopontine angle meningioma or vestibular schwannoma from January 2005 to April 2016 who had postoperative magnetic resonance imaging.INTERVENTION(S): Diagnostic.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Incidence of postoperative sigmoid venous thrombosis (SVT) from official radiology reports was compared with retrospective imaging review by our institutional neuroradiologists. Data collected included age, length of stay, body mass index, surgical approach, and postoperative complications.RESULTS: A total of 127 patients were identified. Official radiology reads significantly underreported the incidence of postoperative SVT compared with retrospective review by our institutional neuroradiologist for patients who underwent routine postoperative imaging (n = 4 [3.1%] versus n = 22 [17.3%]; p < 0.001). There was a statistical trend toward increased risk for thrombosis in patients undergoing translabyrinthine and staged resection that did not reach significance (p = 0.068). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak incidence in patients with thrombosis was significantly increased (n = 9 [37.5%] versus n = 13 [12.6%]; p = 0.007). When controlling for approach, the presence of thrombus was associated with a more then three-fold increase in odds of CSF leak (OR = 3.28, 95% CI: 1.12-9.48, p = 0.030). There was no correlation between SVT and age (p = 0.788), body mass index (p = 0.686), length of stay (p = 0.733), preoperative tumor size (p = 0.555), or increased postoperative ICP (p = 0.645). Only one patient was symptomatic from sigmoid thrombosis compared with 21 who were not.CONCLUSION: Incidence of SVT is significantly underreported and may predispose patients to increase risk for CSF leak. Staged and translabyrinthine approaches demonstrate an increased trend toward thrombosis risk. Our findings suggest it may not be necessary to treat asymptomatic SVT.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Meningeal Neoplasms', 'Meningioma', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuroma, Acoustic', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Venous Thrombosis']
| 29,738,390
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.597.114', 'C10.900.300.109', 'C23.888.592.114', 'C26.915.300.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['C04.588.614.250.580', 'C10.551.240.500'], ['C04.557.580.520', 'C04.557.645.520', 'C04.588.614.250.580.500', 'C10.551.240.500.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.595.610', 'C04.557.580.600.610.595.610', 'C04.557.580.625.650.595.610', 'C04.588.614.300.015', 'C04.588.614.596.240.015', 'C09.218.807.800.675', 'C09.647.675', 'C10.292.225.750', 'C10.292.910.600'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C14.907.355.830.925']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Red and Processed Meats and Health Risks: How Strong Is the Evidence?
|
Prevailing dietary guidelines have widely recommended diets relatively low in red and processed meats and high in minimally processed plant foods for the prevention of chronic diseases. However, an ad hoc research group called the Nutritional Recommendations (NutriRECS) consortium recently issued "new dietary guidelines" encouraging individuals to continue their current meat consumption habits due to "low certainty" of the evidence, difficulty of altering meat eaters' habits and preferences, and the lack of need to consider environmental impacts of red meat consumption. These recommendations are not justified, in large part because of the flawed methodologies used to review and grade nutritional evidence. The evidence evaluation was largely based on the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria, which are primarily designed to grade the strength of evidence for clinical interventions especially pharmacotherapy. However, the infeasibility for conducting large, long-term randomized clinical trials on most dietary, lifestyle, and environmental exposures makes the criteria inappropriate in these areas. A separate research group proposed a modified and validated system for rating the meta-evidence on nutritional studies (NutriGRADE) to address several limitations of the GRADE criteria. Applying NutriGRADE, the evidence on the positive association between red and processed meats and type 2 diabetes was rated to be of "high quality," while the evidence on the association between red and processed meats and mortality was rated to be of "moderate quality." Another important limitation is that inadequate attention was paid to what might be replacing red meat, be it plant-based proteins, refined carbohydrates, or other foods. In summary, the red/processed meat recommendations by NutriRECS suffer from important methodological limitations and involve misinterpretations of nutritional evidence. To improve human and planetary health, dietary guidelines should continue to emphasize dietary patterns low in red and processed meats and high in minimally processed plant foods such as fruits and vegetables, whole grains, nuts, and legumes.
|
['Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Diet', 'Epidemiologic Research Design', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Food Handling', 'Food Preferences', 'Fruit', 'Humans', 'Meat', 'Nuts', 'Observational Studies as Topic', 'Red Meat', 'Risk Factors', 'Vegetables', 'Whole Grains']
| 31,959,642
|
[['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['E05.318.370', 'N05.715.360.325', 'N06.850.520.445'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['J01.576.423.200'], ['F01.145.407.516', 'G07.203.650.353.516'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G07.203.300.600', 'J02.500.600'], ['A18.024.500.500', 'G07.203.300.700', 'J02.500.700'], ['E05.318.372.250.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.500'], ['G07.203.300.600.813', 'J02.500.600.813'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['B01.650.160.956', 'B01.650.510.956', 'G07.203.300.850', 'J02.500.850'], ['G07.203.300.300.550.500', 'G07.203.300.775.500.500', 'J02.500.300.550.500', 'J02.500.775.500.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Distribution of facial injuries in cases involving a fall on a flat surface.
|
AIM OF THE STUDY: Determination whether injuries identified on the victim's head were caused by a blow made by another person or by a fall resulting in hitting a surface.MATERIAL AND METHODS: An analysis of archive photographs taken routinely at the Forensic Institute in Krakow, Poland, to document post-mortem examinations in the years 2004-2012.RESULTS: A comparative analysis of the images clearly shows that certain areas are much more vulnerable to contact with the surface and thus to injuries; other areas are clearly protected in the case of a fall on a flat surface.CONCLUSIONS: In the case of a fall on a solid, flat surface, injuries are located first of all on brow ridges, nasal bridge and nasal apex, on the malar area and on the front surface of the chin. The following areas are clearly protected: eyelids, eyebrows, medial and upper parts of the cheeks, lips and the lower part of the chin.
|
['Accidental Falls', 'Facial Injuries', 'Forensic Pathology', 'Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Wounds, Nonpenetrating']
| 27,003,863
|
[['N06.850.135.122'], ['C10.900.300.284', 'C26.915.300.425'], ['H02.403.330.300', 'H02.403.650.249', 'I01.198.780.937.460'], ['C23.550.414'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C26.974']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Comprehensive mutation profiling of mucinous gastric carcinoma.
|
Mucinous gastric carcinoma (MGC) is a unique subtype of gastric cancer with a poor survival outcome. Comprehensive molecular profiles and putative therapeutic targets of MGC remain undetermined. We subjected 16 tumour-normal tissue pairs to whole-exome sequencing (WES) and an expanded set of 52 tumour-normal tissue pairs to subsequent targeted sequencing. The latter focused on 114 genes identified by WES. Twenty-two histologically differentiated MGCs (D-MGCs) and 46 undifferentiated MGCs (U-MGCs) were analysed. Chromatin modifier genes, including ARID1A (21%), MLL2 (19%), MLL3 (15%), and KDM6A (7%), were frequently mutated (47%) in MGC. We also identified mutations in potential therapeutic target genes, including MTOR (9%), BRCA2 (9%), BRCA1 (7%), and ERBB3 (6%). RHOA mutation was detected only in 4% of U-MGCs and in no D-MGCs. MYH9 was recurrently (13%) mutated in MGC, with all these being of the U-MGC subtype (p = 0.023). Three U-MGCs harboured MYH9 nonsense mutations. MYH9 knockdown enhanced cell migration and induced intracytoplasmic mucin and cellular elongation. BCOR mutation was associated with improved survival. In U-MGCs, the MLH1 expression status and combined mutation status (TP53/BCL11B or TP53/MLL2) were prognostic factors. A comparative analysis of driver genes revealed that the mutation profile of D-MGC was similar to that of intestinal-type gastric cancer, whereas U-MGC was a distinct entity, harbouring a different mutational profile to intestinal- and diffuse-type gastric cancers. Copyright © 2016 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
|
['Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mutation', 'Stomach Neoplasms']
| 27,313,181
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025.075', 'C04.557.470.590.075'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.590'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Regulation of lipoprotein lipase by the oxysterol receptors, LXRalpha and LXRbeta.
|
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a key enzyme for lipoprotein metabolism and is responsible for hydrolysis of triglycerides in circulating lipoproteins, releasing free fatty acids to peripheral tissues. In liver, LPL is also believed to promote uptake of high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and thereby facilitate reverse cholesterol transport. In this study we show that the Lpl gene is a direct target of the oxysterol liver X receptor, LXRalpha. Mice fed diets containing high cholesterol or an LXR-selective agonist exhibited a significant increase in LPL expression in the liver and macrophages, but not in other tissues (e.g. adipose and muscle). Studies in Lxr-deficient mice confirmed that this response was dependent more on the presence of LXRalpha than LXRbeta. Analysis of the Lpl gene revealed the presence of a functional DR4 LXR response element in the intronic region between exons 1 and 2. This response element directly binds rexinoid receptor (RXR)/LXR heterodimers and is sufficient for rexinoid- and LXR agonist-induced transcription of the Lpl gene. Together, these studies further distinguish the roles of LXRalpha and beta and support a growing body of evidence that LXRs function as key regulators of lipid metabolism and are anti-atherogenic.
|
['Adipose Tissue', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Biological Transport', 'Blotting, Northern', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Line', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cholesterol', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Diet', 'Diet, Atherogenic', 'Dimerization', 'Exons', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Humans', 'Introns', 'Lipid Metabolism', 'Lipoprotein Lipase', 'Liver', 'Liver X Receptors', 'Macrophages', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Orphan Nuclear Receptors', 'Plasmids', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Protein Binding', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear', 'Receptors, Retinoic Acid', 'Receptors, Thyroid Hormone', 'Time Factors', 'Transcriptional Activation', 'Transfection']
| 11,562,371
|
[['A10.165.114'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G03.143'], ['E05.196.401.095', 'E05.301.300.074', 'E05.601.100'], ['G04.022'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.251'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['G07.203.650.240.242'], ['G02.206', 'G03.230'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['G05.308.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.360.340.024.220.400', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.515'], ['G03.458'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.430'], ['A03.620'], ['D12.776.260.531', 'D12.776.826.194'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.260.643', 'D12.776.826.209', 'D12.776.930.645'], ['G05.360.600'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.826'], ['D12.776.826.701', 'D12.776.930.775'], ['D12.776.624.664.700.830', 'D12.776.826.850'], ['G01.910.857'], ['G05.308.800'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Degloving injuries of the lower limb.
|
OBJECTIVE: To identify the pattern of degloving injuries of the lower limb to help in designing a management protocol for such injuries.DESIGN: Descriptive study.PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar over a period of 3 years from September 1998 to August 2001.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Fifty patients with degloving injuries of the lower limb were included, type, cause, extent and location of degloving injury was identified in all of them.RESULTS: Majority of the patients were males (74%) with a median age of 14 years. The most common cause of trauma was roadside accidents (96%). Left lower limb involvement was more common (72%). Sixty-six per cent of the cases sustained trauma to the leg. The type of degloving injury observed more frequently was open degloving in 94% of the patients. Fifty one percent patients had proximally attached degloved skin.CONCLUSION: The pattern of degloving injuries of the lower limb emerging from this study will help clinicians to identify the pattern of these injuries and develop a management protocol.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Distribution', 'Aged', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cohort Studies', 'Dermatologic Surgical Procedures', 'Developing Countries', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Injury Severity Score', 'Leg Injuries', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pakistan', 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures', 'Risk Assessment', 'Sex Distribution', 'Skin', 'Skin Transplantation', 'Surgical Flaps', 'Wound Healing', 'Wounds and Injuries']
| 15,279,744
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E04.680.275'], ['I01.615.500.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.875.500', 'E05.944.600', 'N04.452.859.564.800.500', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.800.400'], ['C26.558'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.252.245.723'], ['E04.680'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['A17.815'], ['E02.095.147.725.700', 'E04.680.275.850', 'E04.936.580.700'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710'], ['G16.762.891'], ['C26']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Investigating the efficacy of UVSE protein at repairing CPD and 6-4 pp DNA damages in human cells.
|
UV exposure could induce carcinogenic mutation in human cells, including CPD (Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer), and 6-4 pp (6-4 photoproduct) DNA damages. Spiting the active BER (Base Excision Repair) system of human cells, it lacks initiator glycosylase, rendering these damages to be only repaired through NER (Nucleotide Excision Repair) system. Some microorganisms such as Deinococcus radiodurans bacteria have a BER system for repairing these damages with an enzyme coded by the uvsE gene. This study evaluated the efficacy of the recombinant UVSE protein for repairing the CPD and 6-4 pp DNA damages in human cells. At the current study, the optimized sequence of the uvsE gene was synthesized and expressed in Hek293T cell line. The identity of protein was ascertained through ELISA assay and the stability of expression was measured via qPCR. The human Hek293T cells with the recombinant protein and without it were exposed to the UV light, and the repair of DNA damages was analyzed in both conditions using CPD and 6-4PP ELISA Combo Kit. The results indicated that uvsE gene was successfully colonized and expressed and expression showed to be stable. Hek293T cells with recombinant uvsE gene showed efficacy at repairing 80% of CPD and 85% of 6-4 photoproducts during one hour, and more than 95% of damages over 4 h' repair time. Considering the outcome of this study, it could be concluded that the uvsE recombinant product is highly effective at repairing both CPD and 6-4 pp damages and could be considered as a preventive agent for UV-induced skin cancers.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'DNA Damage', 'DNA Repair', 'DNA Repair Enzymes', 'Deinococcus', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Humans', 'Pyrimidine Dimers', 'Ultraviolet Rays']
| 32,146,269
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['G05.200'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['D08.811.074'], ['B03.510.400.200'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.383.742.686.600', 'D13.695.578.424.600', 'D13.695.740.600'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Regulation of murine hematopoiesis by arachidonic acid metabolites.
|
Arachidonic acid metabolites have been shown to exert a variety of regulatory effects on cellular activation and proliferation. Recently, a role for these products as regulators of hematopoiesis was suggested and evidence provided that products of the lipoxygenase pathway, specifically leukotrienes, are essential for human myeloid colony formation in vitro. In this report the broader role of these metabolites in hematopoiesis was examined using murine bone marrow stem cell assays for both myeloid and lymphoid cell lines. The effects of lipoxygenase and/or cyclooxygenase pathway inhibitors on stem cell colony formation were evaluated and compared to qualitative and quantitative changes in arachidonic acid metabolism that occurred in similarly treated bone marrow cell cultures. Interruption of the lipoxygenase pathway by esculetin or nordihydroguaiaretic acid resulted in decreased colony formation in both lymphoid and myeloid stem cells. This inhibition of colony growth was partly reversed by the addition of leukotrienes and was particularly evident in B-cell progenitor cultures to which was added LTB4. Inhibition of the cyclooxygenase pathway by indomethacin or ibuprofen had a slight stimulatory effect on myeloid colony formation, while slightly inhibiting the formation of lymphoid colonies. These results support a direct role for lipoxygenase products in myeloid colony formation and lymphoid stem cell proliferation. A more complex role for cyclooxygenase metabolites in the hematopoietic process appears probable.
|
['12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid', 'Animals', 'Arachidonic Acids', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors', 'Granulocytes', 'Hematopoiesis', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cells', 'Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids', 'Ibuprofen', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Indomethacin', 'Leukotrienes', 'Lipoxygenase Inhibitors', 'Macrophages', 'Masoprocol', 'Mice', 'Prostaglandins', 'Thromboxane B2', 'Umbelliferones']
| 2,509,381
|
[['D10.251.355.255.100.300.425', 'D10.251.355.310.166.550.425'], ['B01.050'], ['D10.251.355.255.100', 'D10.251.355.310.166'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['D27.505.519.389.310', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030.500', 'D27.505.954.329.030.500'], ['A11.118.637.415', 'A11.148.350', 'A11.627.340', 'A15.145.229.637.415', 'A15.378.316.340', 'A15.382.490.315'], ['G04.152.825', 'G09.188.343'], ['A11.148.378', 'A11.872.378', 'A15.378.316.378'], ['D10.251.355.255.100.300', 'D10.251.355.310.166.550'], ['D02.241.223.701.430'], ['E05.481'], ['D03.633.100.473.420'], ['D10.251.355.255.100.450', 'D10.251.355.310.166.887', 'D23.469.050.175.450'], ['D27.505.519.389.480'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.140.450.582', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D10.251.355.255.550', 'D23.469.050.175.725'], ['D10.251.355.255.100.825.810', 'D10.251.355.310.166.971.810'], ['D03.383.663.283.446.912', 'D03.633.100.150.446.912']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Influence of relative humidity on cyclohexene SOA formation from OH photooxidation.
|
Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is a complex mixture consisting of a variety of oxidation products. In this study, the role of relative humidity (RH) on SOA formation with different [H2O2]0/[cyclohexene]0 was investigated in a smog chamber. It was found that the cyclohexene SOA yield increases with increasing initial OH concentration at both high and low RH conditions. The increased rate of SOA formation was lower at wet conditions than that at dry conditions. For [H2O2]0/[cyclohexene]0 = 0.4 and 0.8, the SOA yield increased from 1.5% to 8% at dry condition to 7% and 12% at wet condition, respectively. In contrast, at high RH the SOA yield fell from 54% to 52% for [H2O2]0/[cyclohexene]0 = 1.3. The SOA mass loss was higher at high RH at the same OH exposure. The chemical composition of SOA was characterized using hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometer equipped with electrospray ionization (ESI-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS). Oligomers, which were responsible for the increase of the SOA yield, were detected in the SOA formed at high RH conditions. The esterification reaction between dicarboxylic acids and HOC6H10-O-O-C6H10OH was the pathway of oligomers formation. All the oligomers have cyclic molecular structures. For [H2O2]0/[cyclohexene]0 = 1.3, the relative intensity of both low and high molecular weight substances reduced more at wet conditions. This indicates that at sufficient OH level, the inhibition of oligomers formation and the further reaction of SOA with OH result in a slightly lower SOA yield at wet condition.
|
['Aerosols', 'Air Pollutants', 'Cyclohexenes', 'Humidity', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Models, Chemical', 'Molecular Structure', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Ozone', 'Photochemical Processes']
| 31,151,007
|
[['D20.280.055', 'D26.255.165.055'], ['D27.888.284.101'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.367.379'], ['G16.500.275.063.725.310', 'G16.500.750.775.310', 'N06.230.150.372', 'N06.230.300.100.725.310'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['E05.599.495'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D01.362.670.600'], ['G02.740']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Combining spin echoes with gradient echoes in the context of the global coherent free precession pulse sequence.
|
To extend the signal longevity of magnetically excited spins in flowing fluids while in a state of global coherent free precession (GCFP), a refocusing radiofrequency (RF) pulse and bipolar gradient waveforms were combined with the GCFP sequence. The data demonstrate that RF refocusing in the presence of flowing blood is possible, but the improvement in signal amplitude depends on the static magnetic field homogeneity along the direction of motion and the displacement of the spins between the excitation and the RF refocusing pulse, as well as displacement during subsequent RF refocusing pulses. The least amount of phase dispersion and thus the longest lasting signal is obtained with the shortest echo spacing where only one line of data is recorded between two RF refocusing pulses. This approach was successfully used in a phantom and in vivo to image fast and slow blood flow. Depending on the experimental conditions, signal persistence is improved significantly compared to playing the same sequence without RF refocusing, but the improvement is limited by the product of blood flow velocity and the time between RF refocusing pulses.
|
['Animals', 'Dogs', 'Magnetic Resonance Angiography', 'Phantoms, Imaging']
| 17,659,624
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['E01.370.350.825.500.500', 'E01.370.370.050.500'], ['E07.671']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cell type-dependent recruitment of trichostatin A-sensitive repression of the human 5-HT1A receptor gene.
|
Regulation of serotonin (5-HT)1A receptor expression in brain is implicated in mood disorders such as depression and anxiety. Transcriptional activity of the human 5-HT1A receptor gene was strongly repressed by a negative regulatory region containing a consensus repressor element-1 (RE-1) and two copies of the dual repressor element (DRE) identified in the rat 5-HT1A receptor gene. REST/NRSF, a silencer of neuronal genes, bound the 5-HT1A RE-1 and repressed the 5-HT1A promoter. Inactivation of RE-1 completely abolished REST-mediated repression, but resulted in only partial (15-50%) de-repression of basal 5-HT1A promoter activity. The human 5-HT1A DRE sequences bound specifically to the novel repressor Freud-1 (5'repressor element under dual repression binding protein-1) and conferred repressor activity at 5-HT1A or SV40 promoters. In 5-HT1A-negative cells [L6, human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293], the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) abolished repression mediated by both RE-1/REST and DRE/Freud-1, and induced almost complete de-repression of the 5-HT1A gene. By contrast, in 5-HT1A-expressing neuronal cells (RN46A, SN-48) TSA blocked RE-1/REST repression, but did not affect DRE/Freud-1-mediated repression. Thus in contrast to REST, Freud-1 mediates HDAC-independent repression of the 5-HT1A receptor promoter in neuronal 5-HT1A-positive cells, suggesting that HDAC recruitment might influence neuron-specific gene expression by further silencing expression in non-neuronal tissue.
|
['Animals', 'Brain', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Cell Line', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay', 'Embryo, Mammalian', 'Enhancer Elements, Genetic', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Gene Silencing', 'Humans', 'Hydroxamic Acids', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Kidney', 'Luciferases', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Myoblasts', 'Neurons', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Protein Synthesis Inhibitors', 'Rats', 'Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A', 'Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Transcription Factors', 'Transfection', 'beta-Galactosidase']
| 14,756,806
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D12.776.157'], ['A11.251.210'], ['E05.393.220'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E05.196.401.500'], ['A16.254'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.330', 'G05.360.080.689.330', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.249'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.308.203.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.092.570.394', 'D02.241.511.372'], ['E05.481'], ['A05.810.453'], ['D08.811.682.517', 'D12.776.532.510'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['A11.872.620'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D27.505.519.389.760'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.800.100.100', 'D12.776.543.750.695.800.100.100', 'D12.776.543.750.720.850.100.100'], ['G02.111.570.080.689', 'G05.360.080.689'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['D12.776.930'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['D08.811.277.450.410.100']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Urethral mobility and urinary incontinence.
|
OBJECTIVE: Urethral mobility is considered an important factor in female urinary incontinence. We therefore undertook a study to correlate segmental urethral mobility, as described by the urethral motion profile (UMP), with symptoms and urodynamic findings. Our null hypothesis was that there would be no statistically significant relationship between female urinary incontinence and segmental urethral mobility.METHODS: We performed a retrospective study in 198 women who had undergone multichannel urodynamic testing and four-dimensional translabial ultrasound for symptoms of lower urinary tract dysfunction or prolapse. Segmental urethral mobility was described by vectors of movement from rest to maximum Valsalva, relative to the posteroinferior pubosymphyseal margin. We described the mobility of six equidistant points located along the length of the urethra from the bladder neck to the external urethral meatus. The results were tested against symptoms and urodynamic findings.RESULTS: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and urodynamic stress incontinence (USI), but not urge incontinence, detrusor overactivity or voiding dysfunction, were strongly associated with mobility of the mid-urethra.CONCLUSION: Impairment of mid-urethral fixation, rather than bladder neck fixation, seems important in the pathophysiology of SUI and USI.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Ultrasonography', 'Urethra', 'Urinary Bladder', 'Urinary Incontinence, Stress', 'Urodynamics', 'Uterine Prolapse', 'Young Adult']
| 20,503,229
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.370.350.850'], ['A05.360.444.492.726', 'A05.810.876'], ['A05.810.890'], ['C12.777.934.852.249', 'C13.351.968.934.814.500', 'C23.888.942.343.800.500'], ['G08.852.898'], ['C13.351.500.852.833', 'C23.300.842.624.750'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Combined strategy of endothelial cells coating, Sertoli cells coculture and infusion improves vascularization and rejection protection of islet graft.
|
Improving islet graft revascularization and inhibiting rejection become crucial tasks for prolonging islet graft survival. Endothelial cells (ECs) are the basis of islet vascularization and Sertoli cells (SCs) have the talent to provide nutritional support and exert immunosuppressive effects. We construct a combined strategy of ECs coating in the presence of nutritious and immune factors supplied by SCs in a co-culture system to investigate the effect of vascularization and rejection inhibition for islet graft. In vivo, the combined strategy improved the survival and vascularization as well as inhibited lymphocytes and inflammatory cytokines. In vitro, we found the combinatorial strategy improved the function of islets and the effect of ECs-coating on islets. Combined strategy treated islets revealed higher levels of anti-apoptotic signal molecules (Bcl-2 and HSP-32), survival and function related molecules (PDX-1, Ki-67, ERK1/2 and Akt) and demonstrated increased vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (KDR) and angiogenesis signal molecules (FAk and PLC-ã). SCs effectively inhibited the activation of lymphocyte stimulated by islets and ECs. Predominantly immunosuppressive cytokines could be detected in culture supernatants of the SCs coculture group. These results suggest that ECs-coating and Sertoli cells co-culture or infusion synergistically enhance islet survival and function after transplantation.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Coculture Techniques', 'Endothelial Cells', 'Graft Survival', 'Humans', 'Islets of Langerhans', 'Islets of Langerhans Transplantation', 'Male', 'Neovascularization, Physiologic', 'Rats', 'Sertoli Cells', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2']
| 23,437,215
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['E05.481.500.374'], ['A11.436.275'], ['G12.875.545.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.734.414', 'A06.300.414'], ['E02.095.147.500.250', 'E04.270.550', 'E04.936.225.375'], ['G09.330.630'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['A05.360.444.849.789', 'A11.382.952', 'A11.436.837'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.950.200', 'D12.776.543.750.630.750.200', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.910.200']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Successful steroid pulse treatment in childhood acquired haemophilia with nephrotic syndrome.
|
We encountered a 2-year-old boy with acquired haemophilia, which rarely occurs in children, who was complicated with nephrotic syndrome. In mid-August 2001, he was diagnosed to have nephrotic syndrome based on the presence of massive proteinuria and hypoalbuminaemia. Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was normal at 42.4 s at that time. After starting prednisone administration of 2 mg kg(-1) day(-1), the proteinuria disappeared immediately. However, in early October the same year, subcutaneous ecchymosis and intramuscular bleeding occurred for no apparent reason, and from the examination results his APTT was 106.4 s, factor VIII (FVIII) activity was <1%, and the anti-FVIII inhibitor titre was 6.9 BU ml(-1). As a result, he was diagnosed to have acquired haemophilia. The anti-nuclear antibody and anti-phospholipid antibody were negative. With recombinant activated FVII, haemostasis was obtained, and after administering three courses of steroid pulse therapy (methyl prednisolone: 20 mg kg(-1) day(-1) x 3 days), the anti-FVIII inhibitory activity disappeared. An analysis of the immunological and coagulation properties of his FVIII autoantibodies showed the anti-FVIII inhibitory activity to be mediated by IgG(1) antibody. In other words, his FVIII inhibitor was a Th1 dominant and it provided a good response to treatment. These findings correlate with those of previous reports. The patient thereafter frequently demonstrated a recurrence of nephrotic syndrome. As a result, he is presently being managed with cyclosporine. However, no recurrence of the anti-FVIII titre has been observed.
|
['Autoantibodies', 'Child, Preschool', 'Factor VII', 'Factor VIII', 'Factor VIIa', 'Glucocorticoids', 'Hemophilia A', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Male', 'Methylprednisolone', 'Nephrotic Syndrome', 'Pulse Therapy, Drug', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 15,876,276
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D08.622.432', 'D12.776.124.125.325', 'D12.776.811.243.432', 'D23.119.325'], ['D12.776.124.125.350', 'D12.776.811.286', 'D23.119.350'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.300', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.300', 'D12.776.124.125.325.300', 'D23.119.325.300'], ['D06.472.040.543', 'D27.505.696.399.472.488'], ['C15.378.100.100.500', 'C15.378.100.141.500', 'C15.378.463.500', 'C16.320.099.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.795.539'], ['C12.777.419.630.643', 'C13.351.968.419.630.643'], ['E02.319.283.600'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Natural Phenolic Inhibitors of Trichothecene Biosynthesis by the Wheat Fungal Pathogen Fusarium culmorum: A Computational Insight into the Structure-Activity Relationship.
|
A model of the trichodiene synthase (TRI5) of the wheat fungal pathogen and type-B trichothecene producer Fusarium culmorum was developed based on homology modelling with the crystallized protein of F. sporotrichioides. Eight phenolic molecules, namely ferulic acid 1, apocynin 2, propyl gallate 3, eugenol 4, Me-dehydrozingerone 5, eugenol dimer 6, magnolol 7, and ellagic acid 8, were selected for their ability to inhibit trichothecene production and/or fungal vegetative growth in F. culmorum. The chemical structures of phenols were constructed and partially optimised based on Molecular Mechanics (MM) studies and energy minimisation by Density Functional Theory (DFT). Docking analysis of the phenolic molecules was run on the 3D model of F. culmorum TRI5. Experimental biological activity, molecular descriptors and interacting-structures obtained from computational analysis were compared. Besides the catalytic domain, three privileged sites in the interaction with the inhibitory molecules were identified on the protein surface. The TRI5-ligand interactions highlighted in this study represent a powerful tool to the identification of new Fusarium-targeted molecules with potential as trichothecene inhibitors.
|
['Biosynthetic Pathways', 'Carbon-Carbon Lyases', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Fungicides, Industrial', 'Fusarium', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Docking Simulation', 'Phenols', 'Plant Diseases', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Trichothecenes', 'Triticum']
| 27,294,666
|
[['G02.111.098', 'G03.493.100'], ['D08.811.520.224'], ['D12.776.354'], ['D27.720.031.700.288', 'D27.888.723.288'], ['B01.300.381.366'], ['E05.599.595'], ['E05.599.595.249', 'L01.224.160.249'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['G15.610'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['D02.455.849.765.850', 'D04.345.891', 'D23.946.587.933'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.918']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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