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Conditions for partial nitrification in biofilm reactors and a kinetic explanation.
|
Nitrification is a two-step process in which ammonia is incompletely oxidized by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria or archaea (AOB) to nitrite, which is then further oxidized to nitrate by nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB). Literature reports show that segregation of initially coexisting ammonia and nitrite oxidizing populations co-immobilized in gel cubes and cultured in a set-up with three reactors in series (without recirculation) is attained. In those studies NOB were present and nitrite was oxidized mainly in the last reactor. We developed a mathematical model for immobilized biomass that allows for one-dimensional gradients of metabolites and changes of porosity within the gel due to growth. The model reproduced the experimentally observed compartmentalization under the conditions used by Noto et al. (Noto et al., 1998. Water Res 32(3): 769- 773), using standard kinetic parameters of nitrifying bacteria including free ammonia inhibition of AOB and NOB. The model predicted compartmentalization when the ammonium load was sufficiently high and liquid phase mixing sufficiently limited (close to plug-flow). Modeling results demonstrated that inhibition of NOB by free ammonia did not substantially contribute to the compartmentalization in biofilm reactors. Additional simulations identified the higher oxygen affinity of AOB as the key parameter leading to compartmentalization (i.e., partial nitrification) in artificial and natural biofilms since they enable the formation of oxygen gradients. As a result, a tendency for compartmentalization was found even at equal competitiveness.
|
['Ammonia', 'Archaea', 'Bacteria', 'Biofilms', 'Bioreactors', 'Kinetics', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Nitrates', 'Nitrites', 'Oxidation-Reduction']
| 19,189,394
|
[['D01.362.075', 'D01.625.050'], ['B02'], ['B03'], ['A20.593', 'G06.120'], ['E07.115', 'J01.897.120.115'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.599'], ['D01.248.497.158.606', 'D01.625.525.550', 'D02.583'], ['D01.248.497.158.635', 'D01.625.600.600', 'D02.633'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
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|
Lesion based diagnostic performance of dual phase 99m
|
BACKGROUND: We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of 99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT and ultrasonography in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT), and explored the factors that affect the diagnostic performance.METHODS: 99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT and ultrasonography were performed in 50 patients with SHPT within 1 month before they underwent surgery. Imaging results were confirmed by the pathology. Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the correlation of PTH level with clinical data. The optimal cutoff value for predicting positive 99mTc-MIBI results was evaluated by ROC analysis in lesions diameter.RESULTS: Forty-nine patients had a positive 99mTc-MIBI imaging results and 39 patients had positive ultrasonography results. The sensitivities of 99mTc-MIBI and ultrasonography were 98.00% and 78.00%, respectively. A total of 199 lesions were resected in 50 patients. Among them, 183 lesions were proved to be parathyroid hyperplasia. On per-lesion basis analysis, the sensitivity and specificity of 99mTc-MIBI and ultrasonography were 59.34% and 75.00% vs 46.24% and 80.00%, respectively. The Pearson correlation analysis showed that the serum AKP and PTH level had a significant linear association (r = 0.699, P < 0.001). The lesion diameter was a statistically significant predictive factor in predicting positive 99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT. The optimal cutoff value for predicting positive 99mTc-MIBI results evaluated by ROC analysis in lesions diameter was 8.05 mm.CONCLUSION: Dual phase 99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT imaging had a higher sensitivity in patients with SHPT than ultrasonography. Therefore, using 99mTc-MIBI positioning the lesion could be an effective method pre-surgical in patients with SHPT.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary', 'Hyperplasia', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Organotechnetium Compounds', 'Parathyroid Glands', 'ROC Curve', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon', 'Ultrasonography']
| 29,233,127
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C19.642.355.480'], ['C23.550.444'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.691.825'], ['A06.300.560'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.800', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.800', 'E01.370.350.710.800.800', 'E01.370.350.825.800.800', 'E01.370.384.730.800.800'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Syncope in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: multivariate analysis of prognostic determinants.
|
Twenty-nine consecutive patients with symptomatic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and a mean age of 44.8 +/- 12.2 years (range 21 to 63) underwent complex invasive and noninvasive testing to identify a risk profile for syncope. Clinical, morphologic, electrophysiologic and hemodynamic variables at rest and at a symptom-limited pacing rate were analyzed for a significant association with syncope. Exact stepwise logistic regression analysis identified three variables as significant independent predictors of syncope in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: 1) age less than 30 years (beta = 4.803; p = 0.0007); 2) left ventricular end-diastolic volume index less than 60 ml/m2 (beta = 3.302; p = 0.006); and 3) nonsustained ventricular tachycardia on 72 h ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring (beta = 2.5909; p = 0.03). The combined occurrence of all three variables had a sensitivity and specificity of 100% in identifying eight patients with syncopal events. Thus, the risk for syncope in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is high in young patients with the combination of low left ventricular filling volume and episodes of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia. This finding might also explain the mechanism of syncope in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy as low input-low output failure induced by a sudden increase in heart rate in the presence of a low filling volume.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Cardiac Catheterization', 'Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Echocardiography', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Electrocardiography, Ambulatory', 'Female', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prognosis', 'Radionuclide Imaging', 'Risk Factors', 'Syncope', 'Technetium']
| 2,312,980
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['E01.370.370.380.140', 'E02.148.442', 'E05.157.250'], ['C14.280.238.100', 'C14.280.484.048.750.070.160'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['E05.723.402'], ['E01.370.370.380.240.230', 'E01.370.405.240.230', 'E01.370.520.500.230'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E01.789'], ['E01.370.350.710', 'E01.370.384.730'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C10.597.606.358.800.600', 'C23.888.592.604.359.800.600'], ['D01.268.271.870', 'D01.268.556.843', 'D01.268.956.875', 'D01.496.749.305.870', 'D01.552.544.843']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Treatment of endogenous anxiety with phobic, hysterical, and hypochondriacal symptoms.
|
Endogenous anxiety (anxiety hysteria, agoraphobia with panic attacks) is characterized by sudden, spontaneous panic attacks accompanied by multiple autonomic symptoms, overwhelming fear, a flight response, and polyphobic behavior. Psychotherapy, behavior therapy, and tranquillizers have been of limited success in treating this syndrome. Fifty-seven patients severely disabled by the syndrome for a mean period of 13 years completed the three-month study. Randomly assigned in a double-blind, placebo-controlled design to imipramine hydrochloride, pheneizine sulfate, or placebo, they were seen in supportive group therapy every two weeks. Patients in the pheneizine and imipramine cells showed significant improvement ovehe persistent trend for pheneizine to be superior to imipramine achieved significance only on the Work and Social Disability Scale and the Sympton Severity and Phobic Avoidance Scale. The implications for classification and theory are discussed.
|
['Adult', 'Anxiety', 'Depression', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypochondriasis', 'Hysteria', 'Imipramine', 'Male', 'Phenelzine', 'Phobic Disorders', 'Psychotherapy, Group', 'Recurrence', 'Social Adjustment']
| 7,352,840
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.132'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03.875.450'], ['F03.675.400.500'], ['D03.633.300.240.485'], ['D02.442.700'], ['F03.080.725'], ['F04.754.864.581'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['F01.145.813.621']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Linear alkyl benzene sulphonate (LAS) degradation by immobilized Pseudomonas aeruginosa under low intensity ultrasound.
|
We studied the LAS degradation of immobilized Pseudomonas aeruginosa with low-intensity ultrasonic and the influence of original LAS concentration, pH, rotary velocity and different conditions of low-intensity ultrasonic irradiation on the degradation of LAS. In our experiment, the degradation rate of LAS was the main index. We found that low-intensity ultrasonic irradiation could improve the metabolism of microorganism cells and promote the LAS biodegradation of immobilized cells. In the experiment, 50 mg/l LAS were used to simulate wastewater, and low-intensity ultrasonic was considered. We found the influence was obvious, and the optimal degradation rate was acquired when the conditions of ultrasonic were frequency 24 kHz, power 8 W, stimulation time 5 s, intermissive time 30 s, and total time 10 min. The LAS degradation rate of immobilized cells with ultrasonic were respectively 40% and 9.5% higher than that of the suspending cells and immobilized cells without irradiation.
|
['Alkanesulfonates', 'Alkanesulfonic Acids', 'Benzene', 'Biocompatible Materials', 'Biodegradation, Environmental', 'Bioreactors', 'Biotechnology', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Oxygen', 'Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'Surface-Active Agents', 'Time Factors', 'Ultrasonics', 'Waste Disposal, Fluid', 'Water', 'Water Purification']
| 15,620,836
|
[['D02.455.326.146.100.050', 'D02.886.645.600.055.050'], ['D02.455.326.146.100', 'D02.886.645.600.055'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.023'], ['D25.130', 'D27.720.102.130', 'J01.637.051.130'], ['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['E07.115', 'J01.897.120.115'], ['H01.158.550', 'J01.897.120'], ['G02.300'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.100', 'B03.660.250.580.590.050'], ['D27.720.877'], ['G01.910.857'], ['H01.671.031.849'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.900.900', 'N06.850.860.510.900.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Behavioral detection of electrical microstimulation in different cortical visual areas.
|
The extent to which areas in the visual cerebral cortex differ in their ability to support perceptions has been the subject of considerable speculation. Experiments examining the activity of individual neurons have suggested that activity in later stages of the visual cortex is more closely linked to perception than that in earlier stages [1-9]. In contrast, results from functional imaging, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and lesion studies have been interpreted as showing that earlier stages are more closely coupled to perception [10-15]. We examined whether neuronal activity in early and later stages differs in its ability to support detectable signals by measuring behavioral thresholds for detecting electrical microstimulation in different cortical areas in two monkeys. By training the animals to perform a two-alternative temporal forced-choice task, we obtained criterion-free thresholds from five visual areas--V1, V2, V3A, MT, and the inferotemporal cortex. Every site tested yielded a reliable threshold. Thresholds varied little within and between visual areas, rising gradually from early to later stages. We similarly found no systematic differences in the slopes of the psychometric detection functions from different areas. These results suggest that neuronal signals of similar magnitude evoked in any part of visual cortex can generate percepts.
|
['Animal Communication', 'Animals', 'Brain', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Macaca mulatta', 'Sensation', 'Sensory Thresholds']
| 17,462,895
|
[['F01.145.113.055'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E05.723.402'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510.550'], ['F02.830.816', 'G11.561.790'], ['F02.463.593.710']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A novel anti-tumor inhibitor identified by virtual screen with PLK1 structure and zebrafish assay.
|
Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1), one of the key regulators of mitosis, is a target for cancer therapy due to its abnormally high activity in several tumors. Plk1 is highly conserved and shares a nearly identical 3-D structure between zebrafish and humans. The initial 10 mitoses of zebrafish embryonic cleavages occur every?30 minutes, and therefore provide a rapid assay to evaluate mitosis inhibitors including those targeting Plk1. To increase efficiency and specificity, we first performed a computational virtual screen of?60000 compounds against the human Plk1 3-D structure docked to both its kinase and Polo box domain. 370 candidates with the top free-energy scores were subjected to zebrafish assay and 3 were shown to inhibit cell division. Compared to general screen for compounds inhibiting zebrafish embryonic cleavage, computation increased the efficiency by 11 folds. One of the 3 compounds, named I2, was further demonstrated to effectively inhibit multiple tumor cell proliferation in vitro and PC3 prostate cancer growth in Xenograft mouse model in vivo. Furthermore, I2 inhibited Plk1 enzyme activity in a dose dependent manner. The IC50 values of I2 in these assays are compatible to those of ON-01910, a Plk1 inhibitor currently in Phase III clinic trials. Our studies demonstrate that zebrafish assays coupled with computational screening significantly improves the efficiency of identifying specific regulators of biological targets. The PLK1 inhibitor I2, and its analogs, may have potential in cancer therapeutics.
|
['Acetanilides', 'Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Biological Assay', 'Cell Cycle Proteins', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Embryo, Nonmammalian', 'Glycine', 'High-Throughput Screening Assays', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Nude', 'Mitosis', 'Molecular Docking Simulation', 'Protein Kinase Inhibitors', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Quinolines', 'Small Molecule Libraries', 'Sulfones', 'Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays', 'Zebrafish']
| 23,658,603
|
[['D02.065.199.092', 'D02.092.146.113.092'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['E05.091'], ['D12.776.167'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['A13.350', 'A16.331'], ['D12.125.481'], ['E05.916.680'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['G04.144.220.220.781', 'G05.113.220.781'], ['E05.599.595.249', 'L01.224.160.249'], ['D27.505.519.389.755'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['D03.633.100.810'], ['D27.720.470.765'], ['D02.886.590'], ['E05.337.550.200.900', 'E05.624.850'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.200.244.828']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Use of an ionic liquid in a two-phase system to improve an alcohol dehydrogenase catalysed reduction.
|
Due to favourable partition coefficients the highly enantioselective reduction of 2-octanone, catalysed by an alcohol dehydrogenase from Lactobacillus brevis, is faster in a biphasic system containing buffer and the ionic liquid [BMIM][(CF(3)SO(2))(2)N] compared to the reduction in a biphasic system containing buffer and methyl tert-butyl ether.
|
['2-Propanol', 'Acetone', 'Alcohol Dehydrogenase', 'Buffers', 'Catalysis', 'Ions', 'Ketones', 'Lactobacillus', 'Methyl Ethers', 'NADP', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Phase Transition']
| 15,116,196
|
[['D02.033.755.615'], ['D02.522.064'], ['D08.811.682.047.820.250'], ['D27.720.470.280'], ['G02.130'], ['D01.248.497'], ['D02.522'], ['B03.353.750.450.475', 'B03.510.460.400.410.475.475', 'B03.510.550.450.475'], ['D02.355.601'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.749', 'D08.211.625', 'D13.695.667.138.749', 'D13.695.827.068.749'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['G01.645', 'G02.734']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Isolation and structure determination of the biologically active sphingolipids from marine sponge Haliclona species.
|
In a continuation to our study on the marine sponge Haliclona species we have isolated three new cytotoxic components of sphingolipids (1-3). Methanolysis of the sphingolipid 1a-d in methanol produces fatty acid methyl ester. GC/MS was used to determine the length. The structure of each isolated compound has been determined on the basis of spectroscopic data and chemical evidence.
|
['Animals', 'Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry', 'Haliclona', 'Marine Biology', 'Mice', 'Molecular Structure', 'Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular', 'Oceans and Seas', 'Sphingolipids']
| 18,989,826
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.181.349.500', 'E05.196.566.500'], ['B01.050.500.802.380'], ['H01.158.273.248.750.500', 'H01.277.249.750.500', 'H01.277.750.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['E05.196.867.519.550'], ['G01.311.625', 'G16.500.275.725.500.650', 'Z01.756'], ['D10.570.877']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Autistic disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder.
|
The present case study examined an adolescent boy who initially was evaluated at our clinic and was found to meet DSM-III-R criteria for autistic disorder. After placement in a residential school using Daily Life Therapy for autistic disorder, the subject reported being physically abused by a staff member. Additional psychiatric evaluation revealed post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) including symbolic anxiety and repetition of the trauma. The diagnosis of PTSD should be considered in children with autistic disorder and other severe developmental disorders who have experienced physical and sexual abuse. Furthermore, parents, professionals, educators, and child care workers struggle with emotional reactions to children with severe developmental disorders and may have difficulty accepting the reality of the child rather than the fantasy of the "wished-for child." The disappointment of this fantasy and the equating of the child's weaknesses as one's own may lead to personal devaluation and increase the risk of abusive behavior.
|
['Autistic Disorder', 'Child', 'Child Abuse', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic']
| 8,282,677
|
[['F03.625.164.113.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['I01.198.240.856.350.250', 'I01.880.735.900.350.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['F03.950.750.500']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The mechanism of enhancement by fatty acid hydroperoxides of anaphylactic mediator release.
|
Indomethacin augmented the release of histamine and SRS-A but abolished synthesis of TxB2. Compound CLI that inhibited both cyclo-oxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways of arachidonic acid metabolism did not augment release of anaphylactic mediators. 13-HPLA enhanced mediator release from lungs in which arachidonic acid metabolism was blocked by compount CLI. Thus, it is concluded that 13-HPLA enhances mediator release not by altering the balance of arachidonic acid metabolites, e.g. by inhibiting synthesis of prostacyclin, but by a direct effect on lung mast cells. A corollary to this conclusion is that the fatty acid hydroperoxide (HPETE) formed by lipoxygenase from arachidonic acid may also augment the release of anaphylactic mediators. Thus, the enhancement of mediator release by indomethacin may be attributed to increased synthesis of HPETE following inhibition of cyclo-oxygenase.
|
['Anaphylaxis', 'Animals', 'Antigens', 'Arachidonic Acids', 'Epoprostenol', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Histamine Release', 'Indomethacin', 'Linoleic Acids', 'Lipoxygenase Inhibitors', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Mast Cells', 'Oxygenases', 'Perfusion', 'SRS-A', 'Thromboxane B2']
| 81,495
|
[['C20.543.480.099'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.050'], ['D10.251.355.255.100', 'D10.251.355.310.166'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.550.500', 'D23.469.050.175.725.550.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['G12.350'], ['D03.633.100.473.420'], ['D10.251.355.310.515', 'D10.251.355.343.500'], ['D27.505.519.389.480'], ['A04.411'], ['A11.329.427', 'A15.382.652'], ['D08.811.682.690'], ['E05.680'], ['D10.251.355.255.100.450.855', 'D10.251.355.310.166.887.855', 'D23.469.050.175.450.725'], ['D10.251.355.255.100.825.810', 'D10.251.355.310.166.971.810']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Multiple core homeodomain binding motifs differentially contribute to transcriptional activity of the murine gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene promoter.
|
Multiple homeodomain (Hbox) proteins have been shown to organize expression of key markers of gonadotropes. Nine putative Hbox-binding sites, characterized by the homeospecific TAAT motif, are located within the proximal 600 bp of the murine GnRHR promoter. Homeoproteins bind separate Hbox sites within this promoter, supporting basal- and endocrine-directed transcription. The function of the most proximal sites (Hbox1 and Hbox2) in the murine GnRHR is unknown; thus, understanding of the global contribution of homeospecific TAAT sites to promoter function is incomplete. Site-directed mutagenesis revealed that loss of Hbox2 reduced promoter activity in a cell-specific manner, having no effect in alphaT3-1 cells but reducing promoter function in LbetaT2 cells, another gonadotrope-derived cell line representing a later developmental stage. In contrast, eliminating Hbox1 reduced basal activity in both lines. This region displayed specific binding to homeoprotein Oct-1. Mutagenesis of a previously identified Oct-1-binding site in concert with Hbox1 led to further reduction in activity. We suggest that the two most proximal homeodomain-binding sites in the murine GnRHR promoter may regulate the promoter in a developmentally dependent fashion and that Oct-1 acts at multiple but distinct TAAT sites to support basal transcription.
|
['Amino Acid Motifs', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Homeodomain Proteins', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Octamer Transcription Factor-1', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs', 'Protein Multimerization', 'Receptors, LHRH', 'Transcriptional Activation']
| 19,333,792
|
[['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500', 'G02.111.570.820.709.600.500'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['A11.251'], ['G05.308.310'], ['D12.776.260.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.260.655.500.100', 'D12.776.930.710.500.100'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.500'], ['G02.111.694'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.410', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.460', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.460', 'D12.776.543.750.750.700.460'], ['G05.308.800']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Susceptibility and resistance to cyclosporin A-induced autoimmunity in rats.
|
Lethally irradiated Lewis (LEW) rats, reconstituted with syngeneic bone marrow and next given Cyclosporin A (CyA) for several weeks, develop disease (Cyclosporin A-induced autoimmunity; CyA-AI) after withdrawal of CyA. This disease resembles in terms of dermal changes the acute dermatitis and chronic scleroderma also seen in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). In this study we report the relative resistance of the Brown Norway (BN) rat strain to the induction of CyA-AI. In contrast to LEW rats, in which CyA-AI was originally described, BN rats showed no acute dermatitis or scleroderma-like skin pathology in spite of comparable changes in the thymus and a maturation arrest of CD4+ T cells. The difference was also demonstrated functionally for whereas in LEW rats delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions could not be elicited during CyA-AI, these were within normal limits in BN rats subjected to the same protocol; NK activity on the other hand was unaffected in both strains. The observation that BN rats developed very mild late disease as evidenced by a slight though significant weight loss suggests that the BN strain is susceptible to the disease but that lesser effector cell generation or, alternatively, stronger suppressor cell responses may prevent dermal disease. These observations may contribute to the elucidation of the mechanisms involved in this experimental autoimmune disease.
|
['Animals', 'Autoimmune Diseases', 'Body Weight', 'Bone Marrow Transplantation', 'Cyclosporine', 'Disease Susceptibility', 'Female', 'Graft vs Host Disease', 'Immunity, Cellular', 'Immunity, Innate', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Killer Cells, Natural', 'Langerhans Cells', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred BN', 'Rats, Inbred Lew', 'Thymus Gland']
| 8,136,464
|
[['B01.050'], ['C20.111'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['E02.095.147.725.040', 'E04.936.580.040'], ['D04.345.566.235.300', 'D12.644.641.235.300'], ['C23.550.291.687', 'G07.100.250'], ['C20.452'], ['G12.450.050.400'], ['G12.450.564'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.537', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.537', 'A15.382.490.555.567.537'], ['A11.066.270.500', 'A11.436.270.545', 'A15.382.066.270.500', 'A15.382.670.260.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.110', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.110'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.280', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.280'], ['A10.549.750', 'A15.382.520.604.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Decellularization of porcine skeletal muscle extracellular matrix for the formulation of a matrix hydrogel: a preliminary study.
|
Extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogels are used as scaffolds to facilitate the repair and reconstruction of tissues. This study aimed to optimize the decellularization process of porcine skeletal muscle ECM and to formulate a matrix hydrogel scaffold. Five multi-step methods (methods A-E) were used to generate acellular ECM from porcine skeletal muscle [rinsing in SDS, trypsin, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), Triton X-100 and/or sodium deoxycholate at 4-37°C]. The resulting ECM was evaluated using haematoxylin and eosin, 4-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining, and DNA quantification. Acellular matrix was dissolved in pepsin and gelled at 37°C. Hydrogel response to temperature was observed in vivo and in vitro. ECM components were assessed by Masson, Sirius red, and alcian blue staining, and total protein content. Acellular porcine skeletal muscle exhibited a uniform translucent white appearance. No intact nuclear residue was detected by haematoxylin and eosin staining, while DAPI staining showed a few nuclei in the matrixes produced by methods B, C, and D. Method A generated a gel that was too thin for gelation. However, the matrix obtained by rinsing in 0.2% trypsin/0.1% EDTA, 0.5% Triton X-100, and 1% Triton X-100/0.2% sodium deoxycholate was nuclei-free and produced a viscous solution that formed a structurally stable white jelly-like hydrogel. The residual DNA content of this solution was 49.37 ± 0.72 ng/mg, significantly less than in fresh skeletal muscle, and decreased to 19.22 ± 0.85 ng/mg after gelation (P < 0.05). The acellular matrix was rich in collagen and glycosaminoglycan, with a total protein concentration of 64.8 ± 6.9%. An acellular ECM hydrogel from porcine skeletal muscle was efficiently produced.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Survival', 'Collagen', 'DNA', 'Deoxycholic Acid', 'Edetic Acid', 'Extracellular Matrix', 'Glycosaminoglycans', 'Hydrogels', 'Indoles', 'Mice', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'NIH 3T3 Cells', 'Octoxynol', 'Phase Transition', 'Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate', 'Swine', 'Temperature', 'Tissue Engineering', 'Tissue Scaffolds', 'Trypsin']
| 26,781,342
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.346'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D04.210.500.105.225.272', 'D04.210.500.221.430.342'], ['D02.092.782.258.368.250', 'D02.241.081.018.253'], ['A11.284.295.310'], ['D09.698.373'], ['D20.280.320.375', 'D26.255.165.320.375'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['A11.251.210.100.550', 'A11.329.228.100.550'], ['D02.033.455.250.700.660', 'D05.750.741.610', 'D25.720.741.610', 'J01.637.051.720.741.610'], ['G01.645', 'G02.734'], ['D02.033.415.220.720', 'D02.886.645.600.055.050.632', 'D10.289.220.720'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['E05.481.500.311.500', 'J01.293.069.249.500'], ['E07.206.627', 'E07.695.825'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.895', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.895']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A new record of whale shark Rhincodon typus in Brazilian waters: a report of association with Caranx crysos.
|
In May 2011, a Rhincodon typus was sighted on the continental shelf of the central Brazilian coast, in the vicinity of a gas platform. During the video record, an interspecific following association was observed between a Caranx crysos school and the R. typus.
|
['Animals', 'Atlantic Ocean', 'Brazil', 'Perciformes', 'Sharks']
| 23,130,705
|
[['B01.050'], ['Z01.756.092'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.602'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.370.853']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
The cloning and nucleotide sequence of a Corynebacterium glutamicum 3-deoxy-D-arabinoheptulosonate-7-phosphate synthase gene.
|
The aro gene of Corynebacterium glutamicum CCRC 18310 encoding 3-deoxy-D-arabinoheptulosonate-7-phosphate (DAHP) synthase was isolated by complementation of a DAHP synthase-deficient mutant of Escherichia coli AB3257. The specific activity of DAHP synthase was increased four-fold in a C. glutamicum strain harboring the cloned aro gene. The complete nucleotide sequence of the aro gene and its 5' and 3' flanking regions has been determined. The sequence contained an open reading frame of 368 codons, from which a protein with a molecular mass of 39,340 Da could be predicted. The deduced amino acid sequence shows high identity with the aro gene products of E. coli and Salmonella typhimurium.
|
['3-Deoxy-7-Phosphoheptulonate Synthase', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Corynebacterium', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Escherichia coli', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phenylalanine', 'Restriction Mapping', 'Salmonella typhimurium', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Species Specificity']
| 8,097,175
|
[['D08.811.913.225.250'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.220'], ['B03.510.024.250', 'B03.510.460.400.400.200'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.125.072.050.685', 'D12.125.142.666'], ['E05.393.183.620.650', 'E05.393.712'], ['B03.440.450.425.800.200.825', 'B03.660.250.150.710.160.760'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The use of cyclohexanone as a "derivatizing" reagent for the GC-MS detection of amphetamines and ephedrines in seizures and the urine.
|
A GC-MS method has been developed for the detection of amphetamine, methamphetamine, and the ephedrines, in seizures and the urine, based on on-GC condensation (derivatization) with cyclohexanone. The method is simple: the dried seizure material or the urine extract was mixed with cyclohexanone and injected into the GC-MS. The method was found to be superior to the methods based on acyl and trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatization. Unlike for the acyl and TMS derivatives, the molecular and fragment ions of the cyclohexanone condensation products (cyclohexanone derivatives) were of substantial abundance, a useful property in unambiguous compound characterization. Furthermore, the high stability of the "derivatizing" reagent, cyclohexanone, compared with acyl and TMS derivatizing reagents, is a useful property in method development. The present method has proved selective and, tentatively, sensitive enough in the following areas (where methods based on acyl and TMS derivatization, as tested in this laboratory, have failed): (a) detection of amphetamine as a metabolite of methamphetamine; (b) detection of norpseudoephedrine as a metabolite of pseudoephedrine; (c) detection of amphetamine as an impurity of methamphetamine; (d) detection of cathine (norephedrine) as a constituent of Khat leaves; and (e) differentiation of Khat use from phenylpropanolamine use.
|
['Amphetamines', 'Catha', 'Central Nervous System Stimulants', 'Cyclohexanones', 'Ephedrine', 'Forensic Medicine', 'Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry', 'Humans', 'Methamphetamine', 'Seizures']
| 12,893,131
|
[['D02.092.471.683.152'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.500.750.155'], ['D27.505.696.282', 'D27.505.954.427.220'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.367.340', 'D02.522.400'], ['D02.033.100.624.302', 'D02.033.755.624.302', 'D02.092.063.624.302', 'D02.092.471.683.430'], ['H02.403.330', 'I01.198.780.937'], ['E05.196.181.349.500', 'E05.196.566.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.092.471.683.152.619'], ['C10.597.742', 'C23.888.592.742']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Inflammatory pseudotumor of the heart caused by Listeria monocytogenes infection.
|
Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) of the heart is rare and of unknown etiology. We present a case of cardiac IPT caused by Listeria monocytogenes that evolved following gastroenteritis in a previously healthy child. L. monocytogenes, known to cause acute invasive infections, has not been reported previously as a cause of cardiac infection in children or of IPT. The literature concerning infectious IPT is reviewed.
|
['Child, Preschool', 'Gastroenteritis', 'Granuloma, Plasma Cell', 'Heart Diseases', 'Humans', 'Listeria monocytogenes', 'Listeriosis', 'Male']
| 19,203,798
|
[['M01.060.406.448'], ['C06.405.205'], ['C23.550.382.875'], ['C14.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B03.353.500.500.500', 'B03.510.100.500.500', 'B03.510.460.400.410.485.500'], ['C01.150.252.410.514']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Recruitment of calcium-permeable AMPA receptors during synaptic potentiation is regulated by CaM-kinase I.
|
Ca(2+)-permeable AMPA receptors (CP-AMPARs) at central glutamatergic synapses are of special interest because of their unique biophysical and signaling properties that contribute to synaptic plasticity and their roles in multiple neuropathologies. However, intracellular signaling pathways that recruit synaptic CP-AMPARs are unknown, and involvement of CP-AMPARs in hippocampal region CA1 synaptic plasticity is controversial. Here, we report that intracellular infusion of active CaM-kinase I (CaMKI) into cultured hippocampal neurons enhances miniature EPSC amplitude because of recruitment of CP-AMPARs, likely from an extrasynaptic pool. The ability of CaMKI, which regulates the actin cytoskeleton, to recruit synaptic CP-AMPARs was blocked by inhibiting actin polymerization with latrunculin A. CaMK regulation of CP-AMPARs was also confirmed in hippocampal slices. CA1 long-term potentiation (LTP) after theta bursts, but not high-frequency tetani, produced a rapid, transient expression of synaptic CP-AMPARs that facilitated LTP. This component of TBS LTP was blocked by inhibition of CaM-kinase kinase (CaMKK), the upstream activator of CaMKI. Our calculations show that adding CP-AMPARs numbering <5% of existing synaptic AMPARs is sufficient to account for the potentiation observed in LTP. Thus, synaptic expression of CP-AMPARs is a very efficient mechanism for rapid enhancement of synaptic strength that depends on CaMKK/CaMKI signaling, actin dynamics, and the pattern of synaptic activity used to induce CA1 LTP.
|
['Animals', 'Calcium', 'Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 1', 'Cell Membrane Permeability', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Glutamates', 'Hippocampus', 'Long-Term Potentiation', 'Patch-Clamp Techniques', 'Rats', 'Receptors, AMPA', 'Synaptic Transmission']
| 18,524,905
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.125.100', 'D12.644.360.100.100', 'D12.776.476.100.100'], ['G03.143.335', 'G04.175'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.125.067.625', 'D12.125.119.409'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['G11.561.638.350'], ['E05.200.500.905', 'E05.242.800'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.500.100', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.200.100', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.200.100', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.400.100'], ['G02.111.820.850', 'G04.835.850', 'G07.265.880', 'G11.561.830']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of cyclosporine withdrawal on mycophenolic acid pharmacokinetics in kidney transplant recipients with deteriorating renal function: preliminary report.
|
Mycophenolic acid (MPA) concentrations are lower in transplant recipients receiving mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and cyclosporine compared with MMF with tacrolimus. It is not clear whether this is due to an effect of cyclosporin or tacrolimus on MPA pharmacokinetics. To study this effect, kidney transplant recipients with deteriorating renal function (n = 5) receiving cyclosporin and steroids were given mycophenolate mofetil over 4 weeks during a run-in phase (1 g/d in week 1, 1.5 g/d in week 2, 2 g/d starting from week 3). From week 5 the cyclosporin dose was reduced, and it was completely withdrawn at week 10. Creatinine, MPA, and MPA glucuronide metabolites (MPAG, AcMPAG) were determined before (week 4) and after (week 11 and week 32) cyclosporin was withdrawn. Cyclosporin withdrawal was associated with increased MPA areas under the curve (AUCs) and predose concentrations in four of the five patients. In contrast, MPAG and AcMPAG AUCs as well as predose MPAG concentrations significantly decreased. Six months after cyclosporin withdrawal, MPA AUC and predose values tended to return to initial values, whereas metabolite concentrations remained low. Cyclosporin discontinuation caused an acute increase in MPA exposure and a concomitant reduction in metabolite concentrations. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that cyclosporin attenuates the enterohepatic recirculation of MPAG/MPA.
|
['Adult', 'Area Under Curve', 'Cyclosporine', 'Drug Interactions', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Male', 'Membrane Transport Proteins', 'Middle Aged', 'Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins', 'Mycophenolic Acid']
| 11,802,109
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.740.200', 'G03.787.101', 'G07.690.725.064', 'N06.850.520.830.200'], ['D04.345.566.235.300', 'D12.644.641.235.300'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['D12.776.157.530', 'D12.776.543.585'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.157.530.100.304', 'D12.776.157.530.450.074.500.500.500', 'D12.776.543.585.100.304', 'D12.776.543.585.450.074.500.500.500'], ['D02.241.081.193.678', 'D10.251.618']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Influence of green light illumination at night on biological characteristics of the oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata
|
The oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata is an important crop pest in eastern Asia. Nocturnal insects, including nocturnal moths, have phototactic behavior to an artificial light source. Phototactic behavior in insects is species-specific in response to different wavelengths of light sources. Our previous study showed that green (520 nm) light emitting diode (LED) light resulted in a significantly higher phototactic behavior in M. separata moths compared to the other wavelength LED lights. The goal of the present study is to investigate the influence of green light illumination on biological characteristics of different developmental stages in M. separata. Our results revealed that when different developmental stages of M. separata were exposed to the green light illumination in a dark period, several biological characteristics in all developmental stages except for egg stage were positively changed, but those of F1 generation M. separata which are next generation of the adults exposed to the green light did not significantly change compared with the control level. These findings suggest that green light illumination at night (or dark period) has a positive effect on the development and longevity of M. separata.
|
['Animals', 'Female', 'Larva', 'Light', 'Longevity', 'Male', 'Moths', 'Ovum', 'Pupa', 'Reproduction']
| 31,203,829
|
[['B01.050'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['G07.345.124.519', 'G07.540'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.937.650'], ['A05.360.490.690', 'A11.497.497', 'A16.690'], ['B05.500.700', 'G07.345.500.550.500.700'], ['G08.686.784']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Physicochemical evaluation of a stability-driven approach to drug entrapment in regular and in surface-modified liposomes.
|
The traditional mode of encapsulating drugs in liposomes poses risks to drug stability, especially when recognition agents are attached to the liposomal surface to obtain targeted liposomes. To reduce such risks, we devised a simple, novel method to entrap drugs in liposomes, consisting of (i) preparation and lyophilization of drug-free regular and surface-modified liposomes and (ii) drug encapsulation in the course of liposome reconstitution through rehydration in an aqueous solution of the drug. In this paper, we report physicochemical studies in which we compared regular and surface-modified liposomes made by this novel approach (denoted N-liposomes) to respective liposomes made by the traditional mode (denoted T-liposomes). The studies were performed with fluorescein, sucrose, histidine, mitomycin C (MMC), and chloramphenicol (CAM) encapsulated (each) in regular and in bioadhesive liposomes, the latter having hyaluronic acid as the surface-bound ligand. Our major findings are as follows: (1) The drug-specific encapsulation efficiencies spanning the range of 10-90% were, excepting sucrose, either similar in the N- and T-liposomes or better in the N- than in the T-liposomes, for both regular and bioadhesive liposomes. (2) For all liposome types and methods of preparation, fluorescein, histidine, and MMC did not adsorb to the liposomal surface. Sucrose and MMC did adsorb to the liposomal surface irrespective of the liposome preparation mode, sucrose favoring bioadhesive over regular liposomes and MMC having the opposite trend. (3) For both regular and bioadhesive liposomes, the mechanism of drug efflux from the N-liposomes was found to be governed by a single rate constant, as previously found for the T-liposomes. The magnitudes obtained, ranging from 3.5(+/-0.2) x 10(-3) to 400(+/-17) x 10(-3) h(-1), were always drug specific and occasionally also liposome type (i.e., regular or bioadhesive) specific. For MMC and CAM, the novel approach rendered liposomes with improved sustained release. The results reported here attest, overall, to the potential of this novel approach, meriting further investigations. Studies currently underway with MMC indicate N-liposomes also have functional advantages.
|
['Adjuvants, Immunologic', 'Adsorption', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Antibiotics, Antineoplastic', 'Centrifugation', 'Chloramphenicol', 'Contrast Media', 'Drug Carriers', 'Fluorescein', 'Freeze Drying', 'Histidine', 'Hyaluronic Acid', 'Kinetics', 'Ligands', 'Liposomes', 'Mitomycin', 'Spectrophotometry', 'Sucrose']
| 11,185,552
|
[['D27.505.696.477.067'], ['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D27.505.954.248.106'], ['E05.181'], ['D02.033.455.706.300', 'D02.455.426.559.389.565.175', 'D02.640.529.175'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['D26.255.260', 'E02.319.300.380'], ['D02.455.426.779.347.390', 'D03.633.300.953.275.390', 'D04.711.347.390'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160.260', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160.260', 'E02.792.156.260', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160.260', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160.260', 'E05.760.156.260'], ['D12.125.072.329', 'D12.125.142.308'], ['D09.698.373.475'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['D25.479.517', 'D26.255.260.517', 'J01.637.051.479.517', 'J01.637.087.500.517'], ['D02.806.400.249.350', 'D03.383.097.500.350', 'D03.633.100.473.412.249.350'], ['E05.196.712.726', 'E05.196.867.826'], ['D09.698.629.305.770', 'D09.947.750.770']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The effectiveness of pre-operative advice to stop smoking: a prospective controlled trial.
|
Patients who smoke cigarettes suffer increased postoperative morbidity. A prospective, controlled trial was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of written pre-operative advice to stop smoking before admission for elective surgery and to record the duration of abstinence immediately before the operation. Although the advice was ineffective in persuading patients to stop smoking, it was associated with a reduction in the amount of tobacco consumed. Nicotine and carbon monoxide have important short-term adverse effects but 15% of all patients continued to smoke within an hour of surgery. If patients are unable to give up cigarette smoking completely, it is still worthwhile stopping on admission to hospital.
|
['Humans', 'Patient Education as Topic', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prospective Studies', 'Smoking Cessation', 'Surgical Procedures, Operative', 'Time Factors']
| 8,214,507
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I02.233.332.500', 'N02.421.726.407.680'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['F01.145.488.732'], ['E04'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Naloxone-induced pulmonary edema. Case report with review of the literature and critical evaluation].
|
A case of pulmonary edema after the administration of naloxone for laparoscopic splenectomy is reported. Previous reports of naloxone-induced pulmonary edema are listed and reviewed. The clinical course is compared to other forms of non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema. Uncertainty remains about the underlying pathophysiological process and the true impact of naloxone on the development of pulmonary edema.
|
['Adolescent', 'Airway Obstruction', 'Analgesics, Opioid', 'Drug Overdose', 'Echocardiography', 'Fluid Therapy', 'Humans', 'Laparoscopy', 'Male', 'Naloxone', 'Narcotic Antagonists', 'Oxygen', 'Platelet Count', 'Positive-Pressure Respiration', 'Pulmonary Edema', 'Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic', 'Radiography', 'Respiration, Artificial', 'Respiratory Function Tests', 'Splenectomy']
| 22,354,400
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['C08.618.846.185'], ['D27.505.696.277.600.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.760.500', 'D27.505.954.427.040.550.500', 'D27.505.954.427.210.600.500'], ['C25.775.383', 'E02.319.306.500.500'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['E02.319.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['D03.132.577.249.706', 'D03.605.497.750', 'D03.633.400.686.750', 'D04.615.723.795.706'], ['D27.505.696.543', 'D27.505.696.663.850.512', 'D27.505.954.427.550'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.740', 'E01.370.225.625.107.700', 'E01.370.225.625.625.625', 'E05.200.500.195.107.740', 'E05.200.625.107.700', 'E05.200.625.625.625', 'E05.242.195.107.740', 'G04.140.107.740', 'G09.188.105.700'], ['E02.041.625.790', 'E02.880.820.790'], ['C08.381.742'], ['C15.378.100.802.687.600', 'C15.378.140.855.925.750.600', 'C15.378.463.740', 'C20.111.759', 'C20.841.600', 'C23.550.414.950.687.600', 'C23.888.885.687.687.600'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E02.041.625', 'E02.365.647.729', 'E02.880.820'], ['E01.370.386.700'], ['E04.726']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Evidence for lack of cross-genotype protection of CD4+ T cell responses during chronic hepatitis C virus infection.
|
CD4+ T lymphocyte responses are thought to play a major role in control of the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Few, however, have been mapped down to the level of peptide and HLA restriction. Furthermore, the ability of such T cells to respond to viruses which differ in genotype has not been addressed in detail. In most cases of persistent infection with HCV, CD4 proliferative responses are weak or absent. From a large cohort of persistently infected patients, we identified an individual with unusually robust and persistent responses in the face of chronic infection. We firstly mapped two peptide epitopes to regions of the nonstructural protein NS4 (aa1686-1705 and aa 1746-1765). However, in contrast to the genotype 1a derived antigens used for mapping, the infecting virus was identified as genotype 3a. Strikingly, the patient's CD4 response to these epitopes were specific only for the genotype 1a sequence, and did not recognize genotype 3a synthetic peptides. Serologic assays indicated that prior exposure to HCV of genotype 1 had occurred. This patient therefore maintains strong CD4 proliferative responses which are genotype specific and not cross-reactive. The apparent 'misdirection' of these nonprotective responses has important implications for the role of natural and vaccine induced CD4 responses in the face of variable viruses.
|
['CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Chronic Disease', 'Epitopes', 'Genome, Viral', 'Genotype', 'HLA-A2 Antigen', 'Hepacivirus', 'Hepatitis C, Chronic', 'Humans']
| 12,519,395
|
[['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['D23.050.550'], ['G05.360.340.358.840'], ['G05.380'], ['D12.776.395.550.489.400.020', 'D12.776.543.550.439.400.020', 'D23.050.301.500.100.400.020', 'D23.050.301.500.450.370.020', 'D23.050.705.552.100.400.020', 'D23.050.705.552.450.370.374'], ['B04.450.380', 'B04.820.578.344.475'], ['C01.221.250.750.120', 'C01.925.440.440.120', 'C01.925.782.350.350.120', 'C06.552.380.350.120', 'C06.552.380.705.440.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Foodhandler-associated Salmonella outbreak in a university hospital despite routine surveillance cultures of kitchen employees.
|
OBJECTIVE: To describe an outbreak of salmonella food poisoning that probably was due to contamination of mashed potatoes by a foodhandler, which occurred despite a policy for routine surveillance stool cultures of kitchen employees.DESIGN: A case control study of 223 individuals who ate the lunch meal on September 23, 1989, at the Jordan University Hospital (JUH) cafeteria.SETTING: Tertiary care university hospital in Amman, the capital of Jordan.PATIENTS: Individuals who developed loose stool or vomiting 6 to 72 hours after eating the lunch meal of September 23, 1989, at the JUH cafeteria.RESULTS: Of 619 individuals, 183 fit the case definition (attack rate, 19.6%); 150 were employees, 26 were inpatients, and seven were visitors. Twelve other employees became sick 4 to 6 days later and probably were infected secondarily. The incubation period ranged from 16 to 72 hours in 183 instances. Symptoms included diarrhea (88%), fever (71%), abdominal pain (74%), dehydration (34%), and bloody stool (5%). Eighty-four were hospitalized. Cultures of eight food items were negative, but stool culture on 90 of 180 patients and 11 of 61 kitchen employees yielded Salmonella enteritidis group D. A cohort study of 223 individuals revealed a food-specific attack rate of 72% for the steak and potato meal and 18% for the rice and meat meal (RR, 4; CI95, 2.62 to 6.24; P < 0.01). Stratified analysis of the steak and potato meal revealed that the potatoes were implicated most strongly (RR, 1.93; CI95, 1.42 to 2.64; P < 0.01). Cultures were obtained from all kitchen employees, and 11 of 61 grew Salmonella enteritidis group D. One asymptomatic, culture-positive employee prepared the mashed potatoes on September 23. All of these employees had negative stool cultures 3 months earlier.CONCLUSION: This outbreak probably was caused by massive contamination of mashed potatoes by the contaminated hands of the foodhandler. Routine stool culture of foodhandlers is not cost-effective and should not be used as a substitute for health education and proper hygienic practices.
|
['Bacteriological Techniques', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Disease Outbreaks', 'Feces', 'Food Handling', 'Food Microbiology', 'Food Service, Hospital', 'Hospitals, University', 'Humans', 'Jordan', 'Personnel, Hospital', 'Population Surveillance', 'Salmonella Food Poisoning', 'Salmonella enteritidis']
| 8,077,642
|
[['E01.370.225.875.150', 'E05.200.875.150'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['N06.850.290'], ['A12.459'], ['J01.576.423.200'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.332', 'J01.576.423.850.730.500.249.300', 'N06.850.425.200', 'N06.850.460.400.300', 'N06.850.601.500.249.300'], ['J01.576.423.500.300', 'N02.278.216.500.968.374', 'N02.421.242.472', 'N04.452.442.452.422.374'], ['N02.278.020.300.310', 'N02.278.421.639.725'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.500.400'], ['M01.526.485.740', 'N02.360.740'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.821.606', 'C25.723.415.738'], ['B03.440.450.425.800.200.300', 'B03.660.250.150.710.160.160']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Effect of gamma radiation on the concentration of pyruvate and lactate in erythrocytes of healthy men after submaximal physical exercise].
|
The aim of this work was to study the effect of gamma radiation and submaximal physical exercise on the concentration of final products of anaerobic glycolytic pathway in erythrocytes of healthy men. Twenty one men aged 20-22 were examined. They underwent physical exercise at doses of 2 w/kg body weight for 15 min. Erythrocytes were taken in the rest and after physical exercise and were exposed to gamma radiation (500 Gy doses) from 60Co source. The concentration of pyruvate was estimated by Fermognost tests and the concentration of lactate by Boehringer Mannheim tests. The submaximal physical exercise was found to cause a significantly increased concentration of pyruvate and lactate in the non-radiated and irradiated erythrocytes. Gamma radiation at 500 Gy dose was found to increase concentration of pyruvate in erythrocytes (in the rest and after physical exercise) with simultaneous decrease of lactate concentration.
|
['Adult', 'Erythrocytes', 'Exercise', 'Gamma Rays', 'Humans', 'Lactates', 'Lactic Acid', 'Male', 'Pyruvates', 'Pyruvic Acid', 'Reference Values']
| 8,255,214
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['G01.358.500.505.300', 'G01.750.250.300', 'G01.750.750.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.241.511.459'], ['D02.241.511.459.450'], ['D02.241.755.812'], ['D02.241.755.812.800'], ['E05.978.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Feasibility of Behavioral Weight Loss Treatment Enhanced with Peer Support and Mobile Health Technology for Individuals with Serious Mental Illness.
|
Effective and scalable lifestyle interventions are needed to address high rates of obesity in people with serious mental illness (SMI). This pilot study evaluated the feasibility of a behavioral weight loss intervention enhanced with peer support and mobile health (mHealth) technology for obese individuals with SMI. The Diabetes Prevention Program Group Lifestyle Balance intervention enhanced with peer support and mHealth technology was implemented in a community mental health setting. Thirteen obese individuals with SMI participated in a pre-post pilot study of the 24-week intervention. Feasibility was assessed by program attendance, and participant satisfaction and suggestions for improving the model. Descriptive changes in weight and fitness were also explored. Overall attendance amounted to approximately half (56 %) of weekly sessions. At 6-month follow-up, 45 % of participants had lost weight, and 45 % showed improved fitness by increasing their walking distance. Participants suggested a number of modifications to increase the relevance of the intervention for people with SMI, including less didactic instruction and more active learning, a simplified dietary component, more in depth technology training, and greater attention to mental health. The principles of standard behavioral weight loss treatment provide a useful starting point for promoting weight loss in people with SMI. However, adaptions to standard weight loss curricula are needed to enhance engagement, participation, and outcomes to respond to the unique challenges of individuals with SMI.
|
['Adult', 'Behavior Therapy', 'Biomedical Technology', 'Community Mental Health Services', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mental Disorders', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Peer Group', 'Pilot Projects', 'Psychotherapy, Group', 'Social Support', 'Weight Loss', 'Young Adult']
| 26,462,674
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F04.754.137'], ['J01.897.120.050'], ['F04.408.307', 'N02.421.143.183', 'N02.421.461.232'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['F01.829.316.483'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['F04.754.864.581'], ['I01.880.853.500.600'], ['C23.888.144.243.963', 'G07.345.249.314.120.200.963'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Delay in the diagnosis of rupture of the uterus due to epidural anesthesia in labor.
|
A case report of uterine rupture in labor with epidural anesthesia is presented. The woman had good analgesia on the left side, but complained of severe labor pais on her right side. Uterine rupture occurred which was manifested by sudden vaginal bleeding, fainting, low blood pressure and fetal distress. She did not feel any pains typical of uterine rupture. Rupture of the left uterine wall, with a large hematoma in the left parametrium was seen at surgery. It seems the unilateral anesthesia of the left side concealed the early signs of rupture.
|
['Adult', 'Anesthesia, Epidural', 'Cesarean Section', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Uterine Rupture']
| 1,505,814
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E03.155.086.131'], ['E04.520.252.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C13.351.500.852.904', 'C13.703.420.904', 'C26.761.853']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A plasmid involved in chloramphenicol production in Streptomyces venezuelae: evidence from genetic mapping.
|
To test the hypothesis that chloramphenicol production in Streptomyces venezuelae depends on the presence of a plasmid, mapping analysis was carried out by using eight markers in addition to chloramphenicol production and melanoid pigment formation. The sequence of the eight markers was determined on a circular linkage map as follows: -his-ade-str-leu-lys-met-ilv-pro-(his-). This sequence resulted in the frequency of quadruple crossover (q.c.o.) recombinants having the lowest value, 3-2 to 4-9%. However, the character of chloramphenicol non-production, which was obtained by incubating mycelia with acriflavin, was not required to explain the results. From these results and other tests, it is concluded that chloramphenicol production is controlled by a plasmid. This plasmid appeared to be non-transferable in conjugation.
|
['Acriflavine', 'Chloramphenicol', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Crosses, Genetic', 'Extrachromosomal Inheritance', 'Genetic Linkage', 'Pigments, Biological', 'Plasmids', 'Recombination, Genetic', 'Streptomyces']
| 1,194,895
|
[['D03.633.300.046.250.177'], ['D02.033.455.706.300', 'D02.455.426.559.389.565.175', 'D02.640.529.175'], ['E05.393.183'], ['E05.393.281'], ['G05.420.275'], ['G05.348'], ['D23.767'], ['G05.360.600'], ['G05.728'], ['B03.300.390.400.810.768', 'B03.510.024.997.775', 'B03.510.415.400.810.768', 'B03.510.460.410.810.768']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prevention of methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity by concomitant administration of garlic aqueous extract in rat.
|
BACKGROUND/AIM: Methotrexate (MTX) has been widely used for treatment of cancer and rheumatoid arthritis, but its use has been limited by its nephrotoxicity. This study was carried out to determine whether garlic exerts a protective effect against MTX-induced nephrotoxicity.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nephrotoxicity was induced in rats after a single i.p. injection of MTX (20 mg/kg). Garlic extract (1 mL/100 g b.w.) was given orally for 7 days before and after MTX administration. Serum samples were collected to evaluate urea, creatinine, sodium, phosphorous, potassium, and calcium. Reduced glutathione, catalase, adenosine deaminase, nitric oxide, and malondialdehyde were measured in renal tissue. Tubular injury was evaluated by histopathological examination.RESULTS: MTX increased urea and creatinine levels and led to imbalances in some electrolytes. It also depleted renal antioxidant enzyme levels and increased malondialdehyde, adenosine deaminase, and nitric oxide levels. Histopathological examination showed glomerular and tubular alterations. Pretreatment with garlic significantly improved renal function and increased renal antioxidant enzyme activities. Furthermore, garlic reduced renal oxidative stress and prevented alterations in renal morphology.CONCLUSION: Garlic treatment has a reversible biochemical and histological effect upon MTX-induced nephrotoxicity.
|
['Adenosine Deaminase', 'Animals', 'Calcium', 'Catalase', 'Creatinine', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Garlic', 'Glutathione', 'Kidney Diseases', 'Male', 'Malondialdehyde', 'Methotrexate', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Phosphorus', 'Plant Extracts', 'Potassium', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Sodium', 'Urea']
| 26,281,313
|
[['D08.811.277.151.486.075'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D08.811.682.732.332'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.618.100.050.060.300'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['C12.777.419', 'C13.351.968.419'], ['D02.047.700'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.192.500'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D01.268.666'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['D02.065.950']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The vitamin K-dependent synthesis of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid by bone microsomes.
|
Microsomes prepared from embryonic chick bone contain a vitamin K-dependent carboxylating system which post-translationally converts glutamic acid residues in peptides to gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (gamma-CGlu). Glutamic acid residues in both endogenous chick bone microsomal protein and in the synthetic peptide Phe Leu-Glu-Glu-Val are gamma-carboxylated. These data suggest that bone cells have the capacity for de novo gamma-CGlu synthesis and may be responsible for synthesis of osteocalcin, the major gamma-CGlu protein in bone.
|
['1-Carboxyglutamic Acid', 'Animals', 'Bone and Bones', 'Chick Embryo', 'Glutamates', 'Microsomes', 'Oligopeptides', 'Vitamin K', 'Warfarin']
| 567,642
|
[['D02.241.081.901.400', 'D12.125.067.625.174', 'D12.125.119.409.174'], ['B01.050'], ['A02.835.232', 'A10.165.265'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['D12.125.067.625', 'D12.125.119.409'], ['A11.284.835.540'], ['D12.644.456'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.721.374', 'D02.455.849.291.523.500', 'D04.615.638.721.374'], ['D03.383.663.283.446.520.914', 'D03.633.100.150.446.520.914']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Micromorphological characterization and lithification of microbial mats from the Ebro Delta (Spain).
|
The structural organization of microbial mats from the Ebro Delta (Spain) and their accretion and partial lithification processes were explored using scanning electron microscopy in back-scattered electron mode and low-temperature scanning electron microscopy. Two differentiated zones were distinguished in a transverse section of a fragment taken from the mat at a depth of 2.5 mm. The first consisted of an upper layer in which the dominant microorganisms, Microcoleus spp., actively grew in an embedded slack matrix of exopolysaccharides. Microcoleus filaments were oriented parallel to the surface and to each other, with filaments below arranged perpendicularly to one another but without crossing. Most of the minerals present were allochthonous grains of calcium phosphate biocorroded by cyanobacteria. The second zone was below a depth of 1 mm and made up of accretion layers with large deposits of calcium carbonate and smaller amounts of calcium phosphate of biological origin. The predominance of a particular type of mineral precipitation with a characteristic external shape and/or texture within a zone, e.g., sponge-like deposits of calcium phosphate, appears to depend on the taxa of the prevailing microorganisms.
|
['Biofilms', 'Calcium Phosphates', 'Cyanobacteria', 'Ecosystem', 'Lithium', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Spain']
| 17,236,163
|
[['A20.593', 'G06.120'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374.075', 'D01.146.360', 'D01.695.625.675.650.075'], ['B03.280', 'B03.440.475.100'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['D01.268.549.450', 'D01.268.557.290', 'D01.552.528.480', 'D01.552.547.290'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['Z01.542.846']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
The effect of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and allopregnanolone sulfate on the binding of [(3)H]ifenprodil to the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor in rat frontal cortex membrane.
|
Neurosteroids have been shown to modulate the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor function. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) is shown to participate in memory and learning processes as well as preventing glutamate neurotoxicity in hippocampus. In this study we have focused on the modulatory effect of neurosteroids on ifenprodil binding to the NR2B subunit of the NMDA receptor. We show that DHEAS and allopregnanolone sulfate (ALLOPREGS) exert different effects on the [(3)H]ifenprodil binding at 10, 30 or 100 nM, corresponding to physiological concentrations. The effects include changes in the ifenprodil displacement curve, changing it from a one-site fit into a two-site fit leaving B(max), K(d) and K(off) unaffected. Our results indicate that DHEAS and ALLOPREGS induce an allosteric modulation of the NMDA receptor, an observation that might contribute to the understanding of the effects of these neurosteroids.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Membrane', 'Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate', 'Frontal Lobe', 'Kinetics', 'Piperidines', 'Pregnanolone', 'Rats', 'Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate']
| 15,862,974
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.284.149'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.429.625.300', 'D04.210.500.578.502.400.300', 'D06.472.040.502.400.300', 'D06.472.334.851.968.952.300'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D03.383.621'], ['D04.210.500.745.640'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.500.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.400.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Molecular cloning of a gene on chromosome 19q12 coding for a novel intracellular protein: analysis of expression in human and mouse tissues and in human tumor cells, particularly Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin disease.
|
A novel protein, named NNX3, was molecularly characterized by cloning its cDNA, and its gene was mapped to chromosome 19q12. The equivalent mouse cDNA and gene were also cloned to allow us to analyze expression in murine in addition to human cells and tissues. Human and mouse NNX3 genes are composed of nine exons coding for proteins that are unrelated to any known protein. Signal peptides and hydrophobic domains are absent, corroborating their localization in the cytoplasm in transfected Cos cells. In Western blotting and immunoprecipitation, human NNX3 appeared as a doublet of Mr 64K-66K, while mouse NNX3 was a 70-kDa protein, both apparently much larger than the predicted 50 kDa, due in part to a stretch of 16-18 acidic residues hinging two nearly equally sized domains. In addition, phosphorylation of serine residues was demonstrated. Putative nuclear targeting signals were predicted, but NNX3 protein and two truncated versions remained localized in the cytoplasm of transfected Cos cells. NNX3 was expressed in embryonic and adult mouse tissues, particularly in brain, muscle, and lung. The expression of human NNX3 was most notable in human skeletal muscle and in ganglion cells and was also evident in human tumors and derived cell lines. This was confirmed by entries appearing in the GenBank EST database during the later phase of this study, representing partial NNX3 cDNA isolated from diverse neoplastic and developing tissues. Surprisingly, NNX3 was immunochemically detected in Reed-Sternberg cells of Hodgkin disease, in parallel with restin, a cytoplasmic protein we previously characterized (J. Delabie et al., 1993, Leuk. Lymphoma 12, 21-26). The cloning and comprehensive molecular analysis of NNX3 as presented will form the basis for elucidating its function and, conversely, will constitute a marker for Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin disease.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Blotting, Northern', 'COS Cells', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Cytoplasm', 'Gene Expression', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Hodgkin Disease', 'Humans', 'Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Proteins', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Recombination, Genetic', 'Reed-Sternberg Cells', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 9,878,255
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.095', 'E05.301.300.074', 'E05.601.100'], ['A11.251.210.172.500', 'A11.329.228.220'], ['D12.776.157'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.460.465', 'G05.360.162.520.300.460.465'], ['E05.393.220'], ['A11.284.430.214'], ['G05.297'], ['G05.308.310'], ['C04.557.386.355', 'C15.604.515.569.355', 'C20.683.515.761.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.360', 'D12.776.476'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776'], ['D12.776.828'], ['G05.728'], ['A11.828'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Proteomic analysis of non-small cell lung cancer tissue interstitial fluids.
|
BACKGROUND: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for more than 80% of all lung cancers, and reliable biomarkers are desirable. The present investigation assesses our ability to identify tumor relevant proteins from NSCLC tissue interstitial fluid (TIF).METHODS: Paired TIF was collected from three NSCLC patients at the time of surgery, and resolved by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and in-gel digestion for proteomic analysis. Differentially expressed spots were extracted from the two-dimensional gel and characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Then, ELISA was used to verify the expression of peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) in TIF of patients with NSCLC and benign lung disease. Finally, the relationship between expression of PRDX1 and clinicopathological features was determined.RESULTS: Comparative proteomic analysis showed 24 protein spots were differentially expressed with significant changes, including 11 upregulated proteins and 13 downregulated proteins. Of these, PRDX1 was selected for validation in TIF by Western blot and expression of PRDX1 was confirmed to be upregulated in tumor TIF. It was also demonstrated that PRDX1 was significantly elevated in 40 NSCLC patients with a mean level of 36.0 ng/mL compared to 6.26 ng/mL from 20 patients with benign lung disease. A significant correlation was found between the high level of PRDX1 expression and lymph node metastasis and tumor differentiation.CONCLUSIONS: PRDX1 might be correlated with lymph node metastasis and differentiation, and its elevated expression in TIF may be an adverse biomarker for patients with NSCLC. PRDX1 may be attributed to the malignant transformation of NSCLC, and attention should be paid to a possible target for therapy.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Blotting, Western', 'Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Extracellular Fluid', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Prognosis', 'Proteomics', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry']
| 23,914,992
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['D23.101.140'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['E05.196.401.250', 'E05.301.300.230'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['A11.284.295.260', 'A12.207.270'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E01.789'], ['H01.158.201.843', 'H01.158.273.180.350.700', 'H01.158.273.343.350.700', 'H01.181.122.738'], ['E05.196.566.880']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Decreased gene expression of fibrillin-1 in stress urinary incontinence.
|
AIMS: Studies to show impairments in the pelvic floor extracellular matrix (ECM) associated with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) has earlier been performed, but the results are contradictory. Collagen I and III, the elastin associated proteins fibrillin-1 and fibulin-5 and the small leucine-rich repeat proteoglycans (SLRPs) decorin, lumican and fibromodulin are involved in giving the tissue its mechanical properties. Their gene signals and tissue localizations were investigated.METHODS: Para-urethral punch biopsies were obtained from 24 women, 12 pre- and 12 postmenopausals, during surgery for SUI. As controls, biopsies were collected from 14 women, 8 pre- and 6 postmenopausals, undergoing surgery for other benign conditions. The mRNA expression by real-time RT-PCR and protein localization by immunohistochemistry were analyzed concerning collagen I and III, the small leucine rich repeat proteoglycans (SLRPs) decorin, lumican and fibromodulin and the elastic fiber associated proteins fibulin-5 and fibrillin-1. Statistical comparisons controlled for age changes in gene expressions.RESULTS: A significant decrease in mRNA expression of fibrillin-1 was discovered in all SUI women compared to all controls, P = 0.03. All molecules were down-regulated by age, but no other differences between SUI and controls reached significance. All proteins were adequately expressed by immunohistochemistry. A weaker staining for fibrillin-1 was seen in the pre-menopausal SUI group compared to the pre-menopausal controls.CONCLUSIONS: A decreased gene signal and weaker immunoreactivity for fibrillin-1, important for the elastic fiber assembly, was discovered in women with SUI. Loss of tissue elasticity could lead to increased urethra hypermobility and SUI.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Fibrillin-1', 'Fibrillins', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Humans', 'Microfilament Proteins', 'Middle Aged', 'Urinary Incontinence, Stress']
| 19,358,237
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D09.400.430.875.500', 'D12.776.395.341.500', 'D12.776.860.300.400.500'], ['D09.400.430.875', 'D12.776.395.341', 'D12.776.860.300.400'], ['G05.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D05.750.078.730', 'D12.776.220.525'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C12.777.934.852.249', 'C13.351.968.934.814.500', 'C23.888.942.343.800.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Differing central amine receptor sensitivity in different migraine subtypes? A neuroendocrine study using buspirone.
|
Despite the importance of the 5HT1A receptor in regulating central serotonergic tone, there is a dearth of research examining its role in migraine. In this study, we examined the hypothesis that there would be altered neuroendocrine responses to a 5HT1A agonist challenge in different migraine subtypes. Prolactin (PRL) responses to the 5HT1A receptor agonist drug buspirone were compared in 30 female subjects with migraine (ten migraine with aura, MA; ten migraine without aura, MO and ten chronic/transformed migraine, CM), and ten healthy controls matched for age, gender and menstrual status. None of the subjects were taking psychotropic medication or migraine prophylactic treatment and those with formal psychiatric disorder were excluded. Endocrine responses were determined by measuring differences between baseline PRL and maximum increases post-buspirone (deltaPRL). There was no difference in baseline PRL between groups. MA subjects did not differ in their PRL responses to buspirone compared to healthy controls. The MO group had a four-fold increase in mean deltaPRL responses compared to healthy controls. Mean deltaPRL was also increased in the CM group compared to controls, but the difference was less exaggerated. This study indicates that there is supersensitive central amine receptor function in MO and CM, but not in MA. These findings support the hypothesis that central 5HT function differs among the migraine subtypes. The results also suggest that migrainous 'transformation' may be associated with adaptive changes in central 5HT receptor sensitivity. The relative contribution of 'state' and 'trait' receptor function to these findings as well as the possible role of dopamine receptors is discussed.
|
['Adult', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Buspirone', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hydrocortisone', 'Menstrual Cycle', 'Middle Aged', 'Migraine Disorders', 'Neurosecretory Systems', 'Prolactin', 'Receptors, Serotonin', 'Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT1', 'Serotonin Receptor Agonists', 'Time Factors']
| 12,583,871
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D02.455.426.779.120', 'D03.383.606.210', 'D03.383.742.120', 'D04.711.120'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.600', 'D06.472.040.585.353.476', 'D06.472.040.585.478.392'], ['G08.686.605'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.228.140.546.399.750'], ['A06.688', 'A08.713'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.773', 'D06.472.699.631.525.525', 'D12.644.548.691.525.525'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.800', 'D12.776.543.750.695.800', 'D12.776.543.750.720.850'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.800.100', 'D12.776.543.750.695.800.100', 'D12.776.543.750.720.850.100'], ['D27.505.519.625.850.800', 'D27.505.696.577.850.800'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Acidic elements in histamine H(3) receptor antagonists.
|
Antagonists of the human histamine H(3) receptor (hH(3)R) often contain a second basic moiety, which is well known to boost affinity on this histamine receptor subtype. Here, we prepared compounds with acidic moieties of different pK(a) values to figure out that the hH(3)R tolerates these functionalities when added to a common pharmacophore blueprint. Depending on the acidic, electronic and steric features the designed ligands showed hH(3)R affinities in the nanomolar concentration range. Additionally, selected ligands were tested but failed as dual acting hH(3)R/hPPAR (human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor) ligands.
|
['Acids', 'Drug Design', 'Histamine Antagonists', 'Humans', 'Ligands', 'PPAR gamma', 'Receptors, Histamine H3', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 20,138,762
|
[['D01.029'], ['E05.290.500', 'H01.158.703.007.338.500', 'H01.181.466.338.500'], ['D27.505.519.625.375.425', 'D27.505.696.577.375.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['D12.776.826.239.588'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.450.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.480.500'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Determinants of plasma alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) concentrations in health.
|
The concentration of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) was measured in plasma from 200 healthy subjects belonging to 78 family units. The AAG concentration varied markedly between individuals (mean 0.77, range 0.36-1.46 g 1(-1]. When the genetic contribution to the variability was assessed, the only significant correlation observed was that between husband and wife and this was weak. We conclude that in addition to the known effects of age and gender, environmental (rather than genetic) factors largely determine the variance of AAG concentrations.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aging', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Orosomucoid', 'Sex Factors', 'Smoking']
| 4,074,621
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.124.050.600', 'D12.776.124.790.106.640', 'D12.776.377.715.085.640', 'D12.776.395.560.742'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['F01.145.805']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Update on surgical simulation: the Ohio State University experience.
|
The authors discuss and review their experience with surgical simulation from early preoperative planning stations, to their involvement with functional endoscopic sinus surgery, to their current project. The future of such endeavors is discussed.
|
['Computer Graphics', 'Computer Simulation', 'Humans', 'Internship and Residency', 'Otolaryngology', 'Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures', 'User-Computer Interface']
| 12,687,743
|
[['L01.224.108', 'L01.296.110'], ['L01.224.160'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I02.358.337.350.500', 'I02.358.399.350.750'], ['H02.403.810.526'], ['E04.580'], ['L01.224.900.910']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Estimating the cost of visiting nursing service by visiting nursing model for urban public health center in Korea].
|
PURPOSE: This study focused on analysing costs per visiting nursing care based on nursing activities in a public health center.METHOD: The Easley-Storfjell Instrument(1997) was used for a prospective descriptive analysis of self-records for workload data from 10 visiting nurses during 4 weeks on all nursing activities. In addition, analysis of the 478 visiting nursing records and cost data from 5 home visiting departments in public health centers during one year of 2003 was done.RESULT: The workload of visiting nurses by the type of model was identified as follows: Type I showed that caseloads made up 32.9 % of all nurse activities, and type II showed that the caseloads made up 45.8 %. Second, The cost per visit in type I was 33,088 won and 31,323 won in type II. Third, the estimated budgets were 1,902,436 won to 12,057,696 won for the type I model. and 4,151,316 won to 17,432,712 won for the type II model for one year.CONCLUSION: This study's results will contribute to baseline data used to establish on infrastructure for visiting nursing program and visiting nursing agencies based on the budget of visiting nursing services.
|
['Community Health Nursing', 'Costs and Cost Analysis', 'Humans', 'Korea', 'Public Health Nursing', 'Urban Health Services']
| 15,613,834
|
[['H02.478.676.150', 'N02.421.143.150'], ['N03.219.151'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.557', 'Z01.586.407'], ['H02.478.676.755'], ['N02.421.914']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Neuroprotection in schizophrenia.
|
Longitudinal and structural neuroimaging studies show that patients with schizophrenia that converted to psychosis were found to have progressive gray matter loss in the cortex. Gray matter loss was also associated with functional decline. While the underlying mechanisms of gray matter loss remain uncertain, evidence of improved outcomes suggests neuroprotection, the maintenance of the functional integrity of the brain in response to neurobiological stress, in schizophrenia is possible. In order to protect against gray matter loss and slow functional decline following the onset of psychosis, new data suggests that an appropriate antipsychotic chosen at first episode can modify the rate of structural deterioration, which can lead to improved outcome.
|
['Antipsychotic Agents', 'Brain Diseases', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Humans', 'Neuronal Plasticity', 'Schizophrenia']
| 17,081,076
|
[['D27.505.696.277.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.331'], ['C10.228.140'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G11.561.638'], ['F03.700.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli--a preliminary study.
|
Urinary isolates of Escherichia coli were studied for presence of haemolysin, adhesins, serum resistance and O serotype prevalence. Of the 144 isolates studied, 72 exhibited hemolysin, 7 were resistant to bactericidal effect of serum and 50 strains showed Mannose resistant Haemagglutination (MRHA). O101,O68,O04 and O25 were the commonest serotypes in this study.
|
['Bacteriuria', 'Blood Bactericidal Activity', 'Escherichia coli', 'Hemolysin Proteins', 'Humans', 'Serotyping']
| 15,027,759
|
[['C01.915.219', 'C12.777.892.219', 'C13.351.968.892.219'], ['G09.188.100', 'G12.450.564.204'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D12.776.543.695.444'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.742', 'E01.370.225.875.150.125.890', 'E05.200.812.742', 'E05.200.875.150.125.890', 'E05.478.594.780']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparative micelle structure. IV. The similarity between caprine alphas-casein and bovine alphas-3- casein.
|
The major component of caprine (goat) alphas-casein has been isolated by DEAE-and CM-cellulose chromatography in buffers containing urea and 2-mercaptoethanol. The protein has a molecular weight of 25700 as determined by gel filtration on Sepharose 6B in guanidine hydrochloride. Its composition, Asp17, Thr14, Ser14, Glu45, Pro18, Gly4, Ala10, Cys2, Val12, Met4, Ile12, Leu12, Tyr11, Phe8, His5, Lys22, Arg6, Trp2 and 7 phosphate residues, is much closer to that of bovine alphas3-casein than to bovine alphas1-casein. The caprin alphas-casein is more easily precipitated with Ca2+ than bovine alphas3-casein at 37 degrees C, pH 6.8, which in turn is more easily precipitated than bovine alphas1-casein.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'Calcium', 'Caseins', 'Cattle', 'Chromatography, Gel', 'Chromatography, Ion Exchange', 'Colloids', 'Goats', 'Guanidines', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Mercaptoethanol', 'Micelles', 'Molecular Weight', 'Protein Binding', 'Species Specificity']
| 237,571
|
[['D12.125'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D12.776.256.159.750.207', 'D12.776.744.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['E05.196.181.400.250'], ['E05.196.181.400.383'], ['D20.280', 'D26.255.165'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.513'], ['D02.078.370'], ['G02.300'], ['D02.033.375.534', 'D02.886.489.409'], ['D05.374', 'D26.255.560'], ['G02.494'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Categorising trajectories and individual item changes of the North Star Ambulatory Assessment in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
|
Functional variability among boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is well recognised and complicates interpretation of clinical studies. We hypothesised that boys with DMD could be clustered into groups sharing similar trajectories of ambulatory function over time, as measured by the North Star Ambulatory Assessment (NSAA) total score. We also explored associations with other variables such as age, functional abilities, and genotype. Using the NorthStar Clinical Network database, 395 patients with >1 NSAA assessment were identified. We utilised latent class trajectory analysis of longitudinal NSAA scores, which produced evidence for at least four clusters of boys sharing similar trajectories versus age in decreasing order of clinical severity: 25% of the boys were in cluster 1 (NSAA falling to ? 5 at age ~10y), 35% were in cluster 2 (NSAA ? 5 ~12y), 21% in were cluster 3 (NSAA? 5 ~14y), and 19% in cluster 4 (NSAA > 5 up to 15y). Mean ages at diagnosis of DMD were similar across clusters (4.2, 3.9, 4.3, and 4.8y, respectively). However, at the first NSAA assessment, a significant (p<0.05) association was observed between earlier declining clusters and younger age, worse NSAA, slower rise from supine, slower 10 metre walk/run times, and younger age of steroid initiation. In order to assess the probability of observing complete loss of function for individual NSAA items, we examined the proportion of patients who shifted from a score of 1 or 2 at baseline to a score of 0. We also assessed the probability of gain of function using the inverse assessment and stratified the probability of deterioration, improvement-or static behavior-by age ranges and using baseline functional status. Using this tool, our study provides a comprehensive assessment of the NSAA in a large population of patients with DMD and, for the first time, describes discrete clusters of disease progression; this will be invaluable for future DMD clinical trial design and interpretation of findings.
|
['Adolescent', 'Biological Variation, Individual', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Clinical Decision-Making', 'Disease Progression', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne', 'Phenotype', 'Physical Therapists', 'Physical Therapy Modalities', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Symptom Assessment']
| 31,479,456
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['G16.115'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E01.055'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C05.651.534.500.300', 'C10.668.491.175.500.300', 'C16.320.322.562', 'C16.320.577.300'], ['G05.695'], ['M01.526.485.790', 'N02.360.790'], ['E02.779', 'E02.831.535'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E01.370.872']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Transfusions at home in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes.
|
We report descriptive data of a home care (HC) program, throughout a 5-years period (2006-2010), focusing on the reliability and the safety of transfusions at home in 211 patients affected by myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Our results outline the potentially relevant role of a specifically dedicated HC service in the global management of frail MDS patients for which transfusions at home may represent a valuable option to maintain a good quality of life and avoid the possible discomfort due to hospital admissions and outpatient visits.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Blood Transfusion', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Home Care Services', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Monitoring, Physiologic', 'Myelodysplastic Syndromes', 'Quality of Health Care', 'Quality of Life', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 22,336,393
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E02.095.135'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['N02.421.143.524', 'N02.421.539.089'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.520'], ['C15.378.190.625'], ['N04.761', 'N05.715'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Decreased monocyte activation with daily acyclovir use in HIV-1/HSV-2 coinfected women.
|
OBJECTIVES: Several clinical trials have demonstrated that daily treatment of HIV-infected individuals with the antiherpes drug acyclovir slightly decreases HIV-1 viral load and slows disease progression. This study examines if this slowing in clinical progression is a direct cause of the decrease in viral load or an indirect effect of lower immune activation due to lower levels of herpetic reactivation.METHODS: Women who participated in a randomised clinical trial of daily acyclovir use (n=301) were monitored every 6 months for changes in immune activation. Soluble CD14 (sCD14), a marker for monocyte activation, and C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker for general immune activation, were measured by ELISA.RESULTS: Initial levels of sCD14 and CRP were not predictive of HIV disease progression when controlling for initial CD4+ cell count and HIV viral load. sCD14 levels, but not CRP, decreased in the acyclovir treatment arm at a significantly faster rate than the placebo group, which was independent of changes in HIV viral load and CD4+ cell count in a multivariant mixed-effects model (p=0.039). However, the magnitude of this decrease was relatively small with a total estimated decrease of sCD14 of 15% of initial levels.CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that decreased monocyte activation may play a minor role in the ability of daily acyclovir use to slow HIV disease progression.CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT00405821.
|
['Acyclovir', 'Adult', 'Antiviral Agents', 'C-Reactive Protein', 'Disease Progression', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'HIV-1', 'Herpes Genitalis', 'Herpesvirus 2, Human', 'Humans', 'Lipopolysaccharide Receptors', 'Middle Aged', 'Monocytes', 'Young Adult']
| 25,904,747
|
[['D03.633.100.759.758.399.454.250'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['D12.776.034.145', 'D12.776.124.050.120', 'D12.776.124.486.157'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['C01.221.812.640.350', 'C01.778.640.350', 'C01.925.256.466.382.290', 'C01.925.813.350', 'C12.294.329', 'C13.351.500.342'], ['B04.280.382.100.750.440'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.395.550.448.100', 'D12.776.543.484.500.100', 'D12.776.543.550.418.100', 'D12.776.543.750.705.045', 'D23.050.301.264.900.045', 'D23.101.100.900.045'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Retrieval of dislodged and disfigured transradially delivered coronary stent: report on a case using forcep and antegrade brachial sheath insertion.
|
We report a case of dislodged and damaged stent during transradial coronary procedure using 6 Fr device, which was successfully retrieved by using a forcep and 8 Fr antegrade brachial sheath. The disfigured and bulky stent can be removed, after their retrieval from the coronary circulation, using a forcep inserted through an 8 Fr brachial artery sheath if the radial artery is deemed too small to accommodate larger sheath.
|
['Brachial Artery', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Stents']
| 11,285,606
|
[['A07.015.114.139'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E07.695.750']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Witness response at acute onset of stroke: a qualitative theory-guided study.
|
BACKGROUND: Delay in calling emergency medical services following stroke limits access to early treatment that can reduce disability. Emergency medical services contact is mostly initiated by stroke witnesses (often relatives), rather than stroke patients. This study explored appraisal and behavioural factors that are potentially important in influencing witness behaviour in response to stroke.METHODS AND FINDINGS: Semi-structured interviews with 26 stroke witnesses were transcribed and theory-guided content analysed was undertaken based on the Common Sense Self-Regulation Model (appraisal processes) and Theory Domains Framework (behavioural determinants). Response behaviours were often influenced by heuristics-guided appraisal (i.e. mental rules of thumb). Some witnesses described their responses to the situation as 'automatic' and 'instinctive', rather than products of deliberation. Potential behavioural influences included: environmental context and resources (e.g. time of day), social influence (e.g. prompts from patients) and beliefs about consequences (e.g. 999 accesses rapid help). Findings are based on retrospective accounts and need further verification in prospective studies.CONCLUSIONS: Witnesses play a key role in patient access to emergency medical services. Factors that potentially influence witnesses' responses to stroke were identified and could inform behavioural interventions and future research. Interventions might benefit from linking automatic/instinctive threat perceptions with deliberate appraisal of stroke symptoms, prompting action to call emergency medical services.
|
['Behavior', 'Emergency Medical Services', 'Female', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Interview, Psychological', 'Male', 'Qualitative Research', 'Risk Factors', 'Stroke']
| 22,911,691
|
[['F01.145'], ['N02.421.297'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.669.599'], ['H01.770.644.241.850'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The consequences for preschool children of a parent's detention: a preliminary South African clinical study of caregivers' reports.
|
Semi-structured interviews on the consequences for preschool children of a parent's detention were conducted with primary caregivers of 19 South African children aged 2-6 yrs. Caregivers reported emotional problems, separation anxiety and fear as well as physical problems, aggression, secondary enuresis and developmental difficulties. Adaptive mechanisms are described. Fantasies focused chiefly on children's images of the detention situation, and on plans to alter current circumstances. Children who felt secure in the environment seemed generally to adjust better to the experience, particularly in the long term.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Child, Preschool', 'Emotions', 'Fantasy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Object Attachment', 'Parents', 'Politics', 'Prisoners', 'South Africa', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Violence', 'Warfare']
| 2,708,464
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['F01.470'], ['F01.393.351', 'F02.463.188.634.507'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.739.794.624'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['I01.738'], ['M01.729'], ['Z01.058.290.175.735'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['I01.198.240.856', 'I01.880.735.900'], ['I01.880.735.950.500']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Sperm extraction at orchiectomy for testis cancer.
|
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the value of aspirating sperm from the vas and epididymis at orchiectomy in azoospermic patients.DESIGN: Retrospective clinical study.SETTING: Tertiary care academic hospital.PATIENT(S): Three patients with known azoospermia who presented with testicular masses suspected to be cancerous.INTERVENTION(S): At orchiectomy, immediately after ligation of the spermatic cord, the contents of the epididymis and vas deferens were extracted into preserving media.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Fertility rate.RESULT(S): Sperm retrieval was successful in all three patients. The mean total sperm count was 2.3 x 10(6)/mL with 20% motility. Intracytoplasmic injection of sperm harvested by using this method was successful in two couples, one of which delivered a healthy infant.CONCLUSION(S): Sperm can be aspirated from the vas deferens and epididymis at orchiectomy for preservation. In azoospermic patients, this procedure may salvage enough sperm for successful use in micromanipulation techniques. It may be worthwhile to perform sperm aspiration during orchiectomy for testis cancer in any patient with known or suspected infertility.
|
['Cryopreservation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Orchiectomy', 'Pregnancy', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Specimen Handling', 'Sperm Count', 'Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic', 'Sperm Motility', 'Spermatozoa', 'Testicular Neoplasms']
| 11,172,824
|
[['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160', 'E02.792.156', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160', 'E05.760.156'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.270.282.679', 'E04.950.165.679', 'E04.950.774.860.618'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.370.225.998', 'E05.200.998'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.870', 'E01.370.225.992.624', 'E05.200.500.195.870', 'E05.200.992.624', 'E05.242.195.870', 'G04.140.870'], ['E02.875.800.750.700', 'E05.820.800.750.700'], ['E01.370.225.992.812', 'E05.200.992.812', 'G04.198.750'], ['A05.360.490.890', 'A11.497.760'], ['C04.588.322.762', 'C04.588.945.440.915', 'C12.294.260.937', 'C12.758.409.937', 'C19.344.762', 'C19.391.829.782']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Age-specific risks of tuberculosis infection from household and community exposures and opportunities for interventions in a high-burden setting.
|
We analyzed data from a large population-based prospective cohort study of household contacts of tuberculosis patients in Lima, Peru, to estimate the importance of within-household transmission relative to community-based transmission. We identified all adults (older than 15 years of age) who had incident pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosed at any of 106 public health centers in Lima from September 2009 to August 2012. A total of 14,041 household contacts of 3,446 index patients were assessed for tuberculosis infection and disease. We compared the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among persons who had received the Bacillus Calmette-Gu?rin vaccine in households with and without a microbiologically confirmed index case to estimate the age-specific risk of infection and excess risk of LTBI from household and community exposures. We found that the risk of infection from household and community sources increased from birth until 20 years of age. However, a large proportion of infections among child and young-adult household contacts could have been the result of household exposure. Excess infection risk associated with household exposure accounted for 58% (95% confidence interval: 47, 66) of LTBI prevalence among exposed children younger than 1 year of age, 48% (95% confidence interval: 39, 57) among 10-year-old children, and 44% (95% confidence interval: 34, 51) among 15-year-old adolescents. These findings suggest that expanded access to preventive therapy for older children and young-adult household contacts of known tuberculosis cases may be beneficial.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'BCG Vaccine', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Latent Tuberculosis', 'Middle Aged', 'Peru', 'Prevalence', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Tuberculosis, Pulmonary', 'Young Adult']
| 25,190,676
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D20.215.894.135.825.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.122', 'C01.550.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.757.702'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.899', 'C01.748.939', 'C08.381.922', 'C08.730.939'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Heterosis.
|
Heterosis refers to the phenomenon that progeny of diverse varieties of a species or crosses between species exhibit greater biomass, speed of development, and fertility than both parents. Various models have been posited to explain heterosis, including dominance, overdominance, and pseudo-overdominance. In this Perspective, we consider that it might be useful to the field to abandon these terms that by their nature constrain data interpretation and instead attempt a progression to a quantitative genetic framework involving interactions in hierarchical networks. While we do not provide a comprehensive model to explain the phenomenology of heterosis, we provide the details of what needs to be explained and a direction of pursuit that we feel should be fruitful.
|
['Biomass', 'Gene Expression', 'Hybrid Vigor', 'Models, Biological']
| 20,622,146
|
[['G16.500.275.157.100', 'N06.230.124.100'], ['G05.297'], ['G05.400'], ['E05.599.395']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effectiveness of Fuyuan Xingnao Decoction for patients with diabetes mellitus combined cerebral infarction.
|
BACKGROUND: Previous study has reported that Fuyuan Xingnao Decoction (FYXND) can be utilized for the treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) combined cerebral infarction (CI) effectively.METHODS: We will search from the following databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Global Health, Web of Science, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. All databases will be searched from the inception to the present without language limitation. Two independent authors will perform literature selection, information collection, and methodological quality assessment. Statistical analysis will be carried out using RevMan 5.3 software.RESULTS: This study will provide accurate results on the effectiveness and safety of FYXND on DM and CI through primary and secondary outcomes. The primary outcome is neurological deficit. The secondary outcomes consist of fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin Alc, fasting insulin, quality of life, and adverse effects.CONCLUSIONS: This well-designed study will establish high quality evidence of the effectiveness and safety of FYXND for DM and CI to facilitate the clinical practice and guideline development.
|
['Cerebral Infarction', 'Diabetes Complications', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Drugs, Chinese Herbal', 'Humans', 'Research Design', 'Systematic Reviews as Topic', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 31,574,841
|
[['C10.228.140.300.150.477.200', 'C10.228.140.300.775.200.200', 'C14.907.253.092.477.200', 'C14.907.253.855.200.200', 'C23.550.513.355.250.200', 'C23.550.717.489.250.200'], ['C19.246.099'], ['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['D20.215.784.500.350', 'D26.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.581.500', 'H01.770.644.728'], ['L01.178.682.759.575'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Mortality and morbidity from malaria among children in a rural area of The Gambia, West Africa.
|
Mortality and morbidity from malaria were measured among 3000 children under the age of 7 years in a rural area of The Gambia, West Africa. Using a post-mortem questionnaire technique, malaria was identified as the probable cause of 4% of infant deaths and of 25% of deaths in children aged 1 to 4 years. The malaria mortality rate was 6.3 per 1000 per year in infants and 10.7 per 1000 per year in children aged 1 to 4 years. Morbidity surveys suggested that children under the age of 7 years experienced about one clinical episode of malaria per year. Calculation of attributable fractions showed that malaria may be responsible for about 40% of episodes of fever in children. Although the overall level of parasitaemia showed little seasonal variation, the clinical impact of malaria was highly seasonal; all malaria deaths and a high proportion of febrile episodes were recorded during a limited period at the end of the rainy season.
|
['Age Factors', 'Animals', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Gambia', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Malaria', 'Male', 'Plasmodium falciparum', 'Plasmodium malariae', 'Seasons', 'Temperature']
| 3,318,021
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['B01.050'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['Z01.058.290.190.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C01.610.752.530', 'C01.920.875'], ['B01.043.075.380.611.561'], ['B01.043.075.380.611.661'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
An amino-terminal fragment of GAL4 binds DNA as a dimer.
|
GAL4 is a yeast transcriptional activator protein that binds to specific 2-fold rotationally symmetric sites on DNA and stimulates transcription of the genes required for galactose catabolism. The DNA binding region of the protein is located within the first 74 amino acids and contains a "zinc finger" sequence motif. We show that a polypeptide comprising the first 147 amino acids of GAL4, designated GAL4 (1-147), binds DNA as a dimer in vitro. Although a protein containing only the first 74 amino acids, designated GAL4 (1-74), binds DNA specifically, its affinity is reduced relative to GAL4 (1-147). Addition of the strong dimerization domain of lambda repressor to GAL4 (1-74) generates a protein that binds as tightly as GAL4 (1-147). GAL4 (1-147) makes rotationally symmetric contacts with its recognition site when assayed by DNase I, exonuclease III and hydroxyl radical footprinting and by phosphate ethylation interference. Binding of GAL4 (1-147) in vitro requires either zinc or cadmium.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Base Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'DNA, Fungal', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Edetic Acid', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Transcription Factors']
| 2,511,324
|
[['D12.125'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D13.444.308.300'], ['D12.776.260'], ['D02.092.782.258.368.250', 'D02.241.081.018.253'], ['D12.776.354'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['D12.776.930']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
PRSS contributes to cetuximab resistance in colorectal cancer.
|
Cetuximab improves the survival of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. The main limitation is primary and secondary resistance, the underlying mechanism of which requires extensive investigation. We proved that PRSS expression levels are significantly negatively associated with the sensitivity of cancer cells to cetuximab. Detailed mechanistic analysis indicated that PRSS can cleave cetuximab, leading to resistance. Cetuximab or bevacizumab combined with SPINK1, a PRSS inhibitor, inhibited cell growth more efficiently than cetuximab or bevacizumab alone in xenograft models. PRSS levels in the serum of 156 patients with mCRC were analyzed, and poor efficacy of cetuximab therapy was observed in patients with aberrant PRSS expression. PRSS expression in monoclonal antibody (mAb)-treated patients with cancer from The Cancer Genome Atlas database was also evaluated to determine whether patients with higher PRSS expression have significantly reduced progression-free survival. Our work provides a strong scientific rationale for targeting PRSS in combination with cetuximab therapy.
|
['Angiogenesis Inhibitors', 'Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Bevacizumab', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cetuximab', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Drug Resistance, Neoplasm', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Heterografts', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Trypsin', 'Trypsin Inhibitor, Kazal Pancreatic']
| 31,911,942
|
[['D27.505.696.377.077.099', 'D27.505.696.377.450.100', 'D27.505.954.248.025'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060.375', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060.438', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200.438'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060.750', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060.750', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200.750'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['G07.690.773.984.395'], ['G05.308.370'], ['A01.941.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.895', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.895'], ['D12.644.822.750.500', 'D12.776.124.050.850', 'D12.776.645.688.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A zebrafish vitellogenin gene (vg3) encodes a novel vitellogenin without a phosvitin domain and may represent a primitive vertebrate vitellogenin gene.
|
By analysis of zebrafish EST (expressed sequence tag) clones from an adult cDNA library, we have identified 44 clones, about 11% of the adult EST clones, encoding vitellogenins. These vitellogenin EST clones have been derived from at least seven distinct vitellogenin genes. One of the largest vitellogenin cDNA clones, vg3, and its 5' extended clone isolated by 5' RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends)-PCR, have been sequenced completely. The deduced complete sequence includes a predicted mature vitellogenin of 1233 amino acids and a truncated signal peptide of 18 amino acids. Interestingly, the predicted vitellogenin has no polyserine phosvitin domain. The lack of the phosvitin domain was confirmed by isolation and sequencing of the vg3 genomic region. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the phosvitinless vitellogenin is an intermediate between invertebrate vitellogenins and all known vertebrate vitellogenins, and thus may represent a primitive vertebrate vitellogenin. Like other vitellogenins in vertebrates, the phosvitinless vitellogenin is also synthesized mainly in the liver and weakly in the intestine.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Blotting, Northern', 'DNA', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Female', 'Gene Expression', 'Male', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phosvitin', 'Phylogeny', 'RNA', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid', 'Tissue Distribution', 'Vertebrates', 'Vitellogenins', 'Zebrafish']
| 11,054,560
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.196.401.095', 'E05.301.300.074', 'E05.601.100'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['G05.297'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.256.159.157.700', 'D12.776.290.700', 'D12.776.744.700'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['D13.444.735'], ['E05.393.751'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949'], ['B01.050.150.900'], ['D12.776.093.500.925', 'D12.776.290.812.500', 'D12.776.744.925'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.200.244.828']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Detection and localization of HIV-1 DNA in renal tissues by in situ polymerase chain reaction.
|
The localization of HIV-1 DNA in renal tissues is critically important for understanding pathogenesis of HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN), but the clarification has been technically challenging. We applied in situ polymerase chain reaction (IS-PCR) to human renal tissues to demonstrate viral entry into the renal epithelial cells in vivo. To test the specificity of this method and to determine the cell types infected, we used IS-PCR followed by in situ hybridization (ISH) and IS-PCR followed by immunohistochemistry and histochemical counterstains. Brief 2 hour fixation in 4% paraformaldehyde had 92.9% sensitivity and 100% specificity for detection of viral DNA in renal biopsies of HIVAN patients, compared to 70.8% sensitivity and 66.7% specificity in renal biopsies fixed overnight in 10% formalin. Under optimized conditions, the only signals detectable in HIV-1 seronegative cases were false positives attributable to renal tubular apoptosis. In HIVAN cases, positive signal was observed in podocytes, parietal cells, renal tubular cells, and interstitial leukocytes. Immunohistochemical co-labeling for pan-T cell and macrophage markers revealed that the interstitial leukocytes with positivity for HIV-1 DNA included both T cells and macrophages. Application of ISH after IS-PCR showed the same distribution of signal as observed using IS-PCR alone, confirming the specificity of the technique. IS-PCR is a powerful technique to detect viral DNA in human tissue sections, but requires proper use of negative controls to set optimal fixation, protein digestion, and amplification conditions.
|
['AIDS-Associated Nephropathy', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Cohort Studies', 'DNA, Viral', 'False Positive Reactions', 'Female', 'HIV-1', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'In Situ Hybridization', 'Kidney', 'Macrophages', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 16,437,385
|
[['C01.221.250.875.050', 'C01.221.812.640.400.072', 'C01.778.640.400.072', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.050', 'C01.925.813.400.072', 'C12.777.419.050', 'C13.351.968.419.050', 'C20.673.480.050'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['E01.354.506'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325', 'E05.393.661.475'], ['A05.810.453'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A new method of preparing the basal membrane of renal tubules for patch clamp, using beetle malpighian tubules.
|
Access to the basal membrane of beetle Malpighian tubules (Onymacris rugatipennis) was achieved by a new method of stripping tubules of the surrounding connective tissue and basement membrane, in a simple squeezing process. We recorded single channel currents in the cell-attached configuration from basal K+ channels. The peeling method described in this paper allows quick and easy preparation of Malpighian tubules for patch clamp studies on the basal membrane.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Membrane', 'Coleoptera', 'Electric Conductivity', 'Female', 'Kidney Tubules', 'Malpighian Tubules', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Methods', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Potassium Channels']
| 2,057,328
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.284.149'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.375'], ['G01.358.500.249.277'], ['A05.810.453.736.560'], ['A13.574'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['E05.581'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Acceleration of murine AA amyloidosis by oral administration of amyloid fibrils extracted from different species.
|
We herein report that experimental murine amyloid A (AA) deposition is accelerated by oral administration of semipurified amyloid fibrils extracted from different species. Three groups of mice were treated with semipurified murine AA amyloid fibrils, semipurified bovine AA amyloid fibrils or semipurified human light chain-derived (A(lambda)) amyloid fibrils for 10 days. After 3 weeks, each mouse was subjected to inflammatory stimulation by subcutaneous injection with a mixture of complete Freund's adjuvant supplemented with Mycobacterium butyricum. The mice were killed on the third day after the inflammatory stimulation, and the spleen, liver, kidney and gastrointestinal tract were examined for amyloid deposits. Amyloid deposits were detected in 14 out of 15 mice treated with murine AA amyloid fibrils, 12 out of 15 mice treated with bovine AA amyloid fibrils and 11 out of 15 mice treated with human A(lambda) amyloid fibrils. No amyloid deposits were detected in control mice receiving the inflammatory stimulant alone or in amyloid fibril-treated mice without inflammatory stimulation. Our results suggest that AA amyloid deposition is accelerated by oral administration of semipurified amyloid fibrils when there is a concurrent inflammatory stimulation.
|
['Amyloid', 'Amyloidosis', 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Digestive System', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Kidney', 'Liver', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred ICR', 'Serum Amyloid A Protein', 'Spleen']
| 11,940,205
|
[['D05.500.049', 'D12.776.049'], ['C18.452.845.500'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A03'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['A05.810.453'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.510', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.510'], ['D12.776.049.407.750', 'D12.776.124.050.725'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Nucleophosmin/B23 regulates transcriptional activation of E2F1 via modulating the promoter binding of NF-kappaB, E2F1 and pRB.
|
Expression of nucleophosmin/B23 and E2F1 and E2F1-dependent transcription increased in U1 bladder cancer cells upon serum stimulation from quiescence. Nucleophosmin/B23-siRNA treatment abrogated such increase of E2F1-dependent transcriptional activity. In identifying physiologically important factors that may occupy E2F1 promoter and regulate its activity in vivo, we found that the pattern of NF-kappaB, E2F1 and pRB recruitment to E2F1 promoter changed in a strikingly dynamic fashion as cells progressed from quiescence into serum-stimulated growth. E2F1 promoter activity in quiescent cells was associated with recruitment of NF-kappaB. NF-kappaB was replaced largely by E2F1 in concert with gene activation during the early stage (12 h) of serum stimulation. At late stage (24 h) of serum stimulation, pRB was then recruited to the E2F1-promoter complex to counterbalance its activity. Upon siRNA-mediated reduction of intracellular nucleophosmin/B23, E2F1 and pRB were recruited to the promoter with the dissociation of NF-kappaB concomitant with gene inactivation. Based on immunoprecipitation experiments, nucleophosmin/B23 was found to be associated with NF-kappaB in cells grown in serum-supplemented but not in serum-deprived medium. Furthermore, nucleophosmin/B23 could also be co-immunoprecipitated with ppRB at the early stage (12 h) but not at the late stage (24 h) of serum stimulation. The results demonstrate a novel mechanism for transcriptional regulation of E2F1 and identify the functional role of nucleophosmin/B23 in modulating the binding of NF-kappaB, E2F1 and pRB to activate E2F1 promoter.
|
['Cell Line, Tumor', 'E2F1 Transcription Factor', 'Humans', 'NF-kappa B', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Retinoblastoma Protein', 'Transcriptional Activation', 'Up-Regulation']
| 16,725,311
|
[['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D12.644.360.024.328.049', 'D12.776.157.057.158.049', 'D12.776.476.024.420.049', 'D12.776.660.769.049', 'D12.776.930.211.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['D12.776.660'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D12.776.260.704', 'D12.776.624.776.745', 'D12.776.660.807', 'D12.776.744.770'], ['G05.308.800'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Multilocus Sequence Typing and Virulence Profiles in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Isolated from Cats in the United States.
|
The population structure, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance of uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) from cats are rarely characterized. The aim of this study was to compare and characterize the UPEC isolated from cats in four geographic regions of USA in terms of their multilocus sequence typing (MLST), virulence profiles, clinical signs, antimicrobial resistance and phylogenetic grouping. The results showed that a total of 74 E. coli isolates were typed to 40 sequence types with 10 being novel. The most frequent phylogenetic group was B2 (n = 57). The most frequent sequence types were ST73 (n = 12) and ST83 (n = 6), ST73 was represented by four multidrug resistant (MDR) and eight non-multidrug resistant (SDR) isolates, and ST83 were significantly more likely to exhibit no drug resistant (NDR) isolates carrying the highest number of virulence genes. Additionally, MDR isolates were more diverse, and followed by SDR and NDR isolates in regards to the distribution of the STs. afa/draBC was the most prevalent among the 29 virulence-associated genes. Linking virulence profile and antimicrobial resistance, the majority of virulence-associated genes tested were more prevalent in NDR isolates, and followed by SDR and MDR isolates. Twenty (50%) MLST types in this study have previously been associated with human isolates, suggesting that these STs are potentially zoonotic. Our data enhanced the understanding of E. coli population structure and virulence association from cats. The diverse and various combinations of virulence-associated genes implied that the infection control may be challenging.
|
['Animals', 'Cats', 'DNA Primers', 'Drug Resistance, Microbial', 'Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial', 'Escherichia coli Infections', 'Escherichia coli Proteins', 'Geography', 'Humans', 'Likelihood Functions', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Multilocus Sequence Typing', 'Phylogeny', 'Prevalence', 'United States', 'Urinary Tract Infections', 'Uropathogenic Escherichia coli', 'Virulence', 'Virulence Factors']
| 26,587,840
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['G06.225', 'G07.690.773.984.269'], ['G06.099.225.812', 'G06.225.347.812', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.812', 'G07.690.773.984.300.500'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.330'], ['D12.776.097.275'], ['H01.277.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.475', 'E05.318.740.600.400', 'E05.599.835.500', 'N05.715.360.750.530.450', 'N05.715.360.750.625.450', 'N06.850.520.830.500.475', 'N06.850.520.830.600.400'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['E01.370.225.875.150.125.457.500', 'E05.200.875.150.125.457.500', 'E05.393.542.500', 'E05.393.760.700.650'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['C01.915', 'C12.777.892', 'C13.351.968.892'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300.580.500', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100.580.500'], ['G06.930'], ['D23.946.896']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Stimulation of glutamine transport by osmotic stress in Escherichia coli K-12.
|
Osmotic stress produced by high concentrations of sucrose stimulated the high-affinity transport of glutamine in Escherichia coli cells. Glutamine transport via a low-affinity system was not affected. Osmotic stress produced by NaCl, in contrast, inhibited the transport of glutamine and some other amino acids. Maltose transport was strongly inhibited by osmotic stress.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Biological Transport', 'Buffers', 'Escherichia coli', 'Glutamine', 'Kinetics', 'Osmolar Concentration', 'Sodium Chloride', 'Sucrose']
| 2,198,275
|
[['D12.125'], ['G03.143'], ['D27.720.470.280'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D12.125.068.330', 'D12.125.095.461', 'D12.125.154.424'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['G02.640'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650'], ['D09.698.629.305.770', 'D09.947.750.770']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Validation of a prediction model for post-discharge nausea and vomiting after general anaesthesia in a cohort of Swedish ambulatory surgery patients.
|
BACKGROUND: In ambulatory surgery, post-discharge nausea and vomiting (PDNV) has been identified as a significant problem occurring in more than one-third of patients.OBJECTIVE: To validate a simplified PDNV score in a Swedish population.DESIGN: Prospective observational study.SETTING: Two county hospitals in Sweden: Sundsvall from June 2012 to May 2013 and Sunderbyn from January to October 2014.PATIENTS: Adult patients undergoing ambulatory surgery under general anaesthesia.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Postoperative outcomes with a focus on nausea and vomiting were collected at 2, 4, and 6 h after surgery and on the first three postoperative days. The simplified PDNV score, calculated before discharge, included the factors: female sex, age less than 50 years, history of postoperative nausea and vomiting, postoperative nausea and opioids given postoperatively. The prediction performance of the simplified PDNV score was evaluated in terms of discrimination (area under receiver-operating characteristics curve) and calibration plots and was compared with that of the original development study.RESULTS: A total of 559 patients were asked to participate, of which 431 were included in the final study cohort. The overall risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting and PDNV were 18.8 [95% confidence interval (CI), 15.4-22.8]% and 28.1 (95% CI, 24.0-32.5)%, respectively. The discrimination capacity of the simplified PDNV score in our study was similar to that of the original dataset [area under the curve 0.693 (95% CI, 0.638-0.748) vs. 0.706 (0.681-0.731), absolute difference 0.013]. The slope of the calibration curve was 0.893, with a constant of 0.021 (R-square 0.884).CONCLUSION: In a Swedish cohort of patients, the simplified PDNV score performs well in discriminating between patients who will experience post-discharge nausea and/or vomiting after ambulatory surgery. Our results indicate that the simplified PDNV score is as valid in other cohorts as it was in the original development cohort.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Ambulatory Surgical Procedures', 'Anesthesia, General', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Patient Discharge', 'Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prospective Studies', 'Sweden']
| 27,270,883
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.030'], ['E03.155.197'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.599'], ['E02.760.169.125', 'E02.760.400.610', 'N02.421.585.169.125', 'N02.421.585.400.610', 'N04.590.233.727.210.125'], ['C23.550.767.859', 'C23.888.821.712.700', 'C23.888.821.937.059'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['Z01.542.816.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Sixteen multidetector row computed tomography of pulmonary veins: 3-months' follow-up after treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation with cryothermal ablation.
|
The aim of the study was to assess pulmonary veins (PVs) for the presence of stenosis 3 months after cryothermal ablation (CA) with a new method of electrical isolation of PVs using contrast-enhanced 16 multidetector row computed tomography (MDCT). Twenty four patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation underwent CA in 46 PVs. MDCT of PVs was performed before the treatment and after 3-months' follow-up. Following cryoablation, 13/24 (54%) patients showed clinical improvement and had reduced attacks of atrial fibrillation. The dimensions of the treated PVs remained unchanged: the coronal ostial diameter was 19.1+/-2.4 preprocedural versus 18.6+/-2.4 mm at follow-up, p>0.05; the ratio of the coronal and axial diameters at the ostium was 1.2+/-0.2 versus 1.2+/-0.1, p>0.05, respectively, and the coronal diameter of the proximal 10 mm was 17.1+/-2.5 mm versus 16.5+/-2.2 mm, p>0.05, respectively. CA is a promising technique for electrical isolation of PVs that has not been associated with stenosis at the orifice and the proximal 10 mm of the PVs after 3-months' follow-up. MDCT is a noninvasive, fast and comfortable method for assessment of PVs in a three-dimensional manner prior to ablative treatment and during the follow-up.
|
['Atrial Fibrillation', 'Cryosurgery', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Pulmonary Veins', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 15,723,214
|
[['C14.280.067.198', 'C23.550.073.198'], ['E04.014.180'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['A07.015.908.713'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
On the relationship between negative affective priming and prefrontal cognitive control mechanisms.
|
Although several studies have examined inhibition of affective stimuli, valence-dependent cognitive control effects remain poorly understood. Behavioural and functional imaging (functional magnetic resonance imaging) data were collected from 17 healthy participants to examine neural correlates of the Negative Affective Priming (NAP) task. We created relative ratio scores considering the reaction times of prime trials in order to assess the amount of interference after the presentation of negative and positive distracter words. Behavioural results showed an attenuated NAP effect for negative distracters compared to neutral stimuli. Furthermore, priming negative distracters generated more interference by reacting to the probe target than positive distracters. Neuroimaging data revealed a stronger prefrontal activation during negative NAP trials compared to positive NAP and neutral control trials, which was reflected in a heightened activation of superior and middle frontal gyrus as well as parietal cortex. The findings show the impact of negative distracters on prefrontal response, contributing to the understanding of NAP effects in healthy subjects.
|
['Adult', 'Affect', 'Cognition', 'Female', 'Functional Neuroimaging', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Parietal Lobe', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Prefrontal Cortex', 'Reaction Time', 'Repetition Priming', 'Young Adult']
| 25,648,386
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.047'], ['F02.463.188'], ['E01.370.350.578.875', 'E01.370.376.537.625', 'E05.629.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.670'], ['E05.723.729'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270.700'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['F02.463.425.540.739'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The ultrastructure of tricresylphosphate poisoning in primates. 3. Studies on alterations in neuronal soma.
|
This report deals with the ultrastructural changes observed in neurons of the posterior root ganglion of slow loris (Nycticebus coucang) following administration of tricresylphosphate (TCP) 0.2 ml/kg body weight for 10 days. The observed changes involved the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum profiles, neurofilaments, Golgi complex as well as lipofuscin pigment. Nissl substance was markedly dispersed to the periphery of the neuron. Membranous profiles of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum were lost. Neurofilaments were markedly increased and manifested neurofibrillary tangles or else were scattered over the cytoplasm. Golgi complexes were dilated and there was a marked increase in lipofuscin. These observations suggest that TCP produces degenerative changes in the organelles of sensory neurons similar to those seen at the height of chromatolysis produced by mechanical interference in the dorsal root ganglia and other neurons.
|
['Animals', 'Cresols', 'Cytoskeleton', 'Endoplasmic Reticulum', 'Ganglia', 'Golgi Apparatus', 'Lipofuscin', 'Lorisidae', 'Tritolyl Phosphates']
| 7,195,197
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.239'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.248'], ['A08.340'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.336'], ['D10.460', 'D23.767.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.700.572'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.239.900', 'D02.705.400.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Large-Scale Profiling of Kinase Dependencies in Cancer Cell Lines.
|
One approach to identifying cancer-specific vulnerabilities and therapeutic targets is to profile genetic dependencies in cancer cell lines. Here, we describe data from a series of siRNA screens that identify the kinase genetic dependencies in 117 cancer cell lines from ten cancer types. By integrating the siRNA screen data with molecular profiling data, including exome sequencing data, we show how vulnerabilities/genetic dependencies that are associated with mutations in specific cancer driver genes can be identified. By integrating additional data sets into this analysis, including protein-protein interaction data, we also demonstrate that the genetic dependencies associated with many cancer driver genes form dense connections on functional interaction networks. We demonstrate the utility of this resource by using it to predict the drug sensitivity of genetically or histologically defined subsets of tumor cell lines, including an increased sensitivity of osteosarcoma cell lines to FGFR inhibitors and SMAD4 mutant tumor cells to mitotic inhibitors.
|
['Cell Line, Tumor', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Humans', 'Mutation', 'Neoplasms', 'Protein Kinases', 'RNA Interference', 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'Receptor, ErbB-2', 'Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1', 'Smad4 Protein']
| 26,947,069
|
[['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['E05.393.332'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.590'], ['C04'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009.400', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009.400', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074.400', 'D12.776.624.664.700.642', 'D23.050.301.500.600.700', 'D23.050.705.552.600.550', 'D23.101.140.642'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.177', 'D12.776.543.750.630.440', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.370.500'], ['D12.644.360.024.334.750', 'D12.776.157.057.170.750', 'D12.776.260.713.750', 'D12.776.476.024.428.750', 'D12.776.624.776.760', 'D12.776.930.806.750']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mechanism of high-speed rotational atherectomy and adjunctive balloon angioplasty revisited by quantitative coronary angiography: edge detection versus videodensitometry.
|
High-speed rotational coronary atherectomy (RA) is primarily used to treat complex lesions. Quantitative angiographic analysis of such complex lesions by edge detection is often unsuitable, whereas videodensitometry, measuring vessel dimensions independently of the target stenosis contours, may offer potential advantages. To gain insight into the operative mechanism of RA and to study the agreement between the two quantitative angiographic methods in measuring the minimal luminal cross-sectional area, the edge detection and videodensitometry techniques were applied to coronary angiograms of 21 lesions in 19 patients with symptoms who underwent successful RA and balloon angioplasty (BA). Obstruction diameter as determined by edge detection increased from 1.00 +/- 0.31 mm before intervention to 1.35 +/- 0.29 mm after RA (p < 0.001) and further increased to 1.74 +/- 0.33 mm after adjunctive BA (p > 0.001). The mean between-method difference (edge detection minus videodensitometry) was 0.34 mm2 before intervention, 0.13 mm2 after RA, and 0.09 mm2 after adjunctive BA (not significant). The standard deviation of the differences decreased from +/- 0.87 mm2 before intervention to +/- 0.80 mm2 after RA (not significant) and increased after BA significantly to +/- 1.21 mm2 (p < 0.05). Thus edge detection and videodensitometry provided equivalent immediate angiographic results after RA and adjunctive BA. The good agreement after RA may reflect the operative mechanism of RA, which by ablation of noncompliant plaque material yields a circular symmetric lumen with smooth surface. The increased dispersion of the between-method differences observed after adjunctive BA presumably results from dissections, plaque ruptures, and loss of luminal smoothness after balloon dilatation.
|
['Absorptiometry, Photon', 'Aged', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary', 'Atherectomy, Coronary', 'Calcinosis', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Coronary Disease', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Radiography, Interventional', 'Video Recording']
| 7,661,053
|
[['E01.370.350.700.024', 'E05.196.712.224.187'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['E02.148.050.060.100', 'E04.100.376.719.100', 'E04.100.814.529.124.060.100', 'E04.100.814.529.968.050', 'E04.502.382.124.060.100', 'E04.502.382.968.050', 'E04.928.220.520.100', 'E05.157.016.060.100'], ['E02.148.050.120.125', 'E04.100.376.719.125', 'E04.100.814.529.124.120.125', 'E04.100.814.529.968.060', 'E04.502.382.124.120.125', 'E04.502.382.968.060', 'E04.928.220.520.110', 'E05.157.016.120.125'], ['C18.452.174.130'], ['E02.186'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.158.600.680', 'E01.370.350.350.700', 'E01.370.350.700.705', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600.680'], ['E01.370.350.700.725', 'E04.502.780'], ['L01.280.960']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The four-way DNA junction: a fluorescence resonance energy transfer study.
|
Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) measurements on four-way DNA junctions have been carried out in order to analyze the global structure and its dependence on the concentration of several types of ions. The stereochemical arrangement of the four DNA helices that make up the four-way junction was established by a global comparison of the efficiency of FRET between donor and acceptor molecules attached pairwise in all possible permutations to the 5' termini of the duplex arms of the four-way structure. The results indicate that the four-way junction isomerizes from an unstacked extended square arrangement of the four duplex arms at low ion concentration to an antiparallel stacked X-structure as the salt is added. The ion-related conformational change progresses in a continuous non-cooperative manner as the ionic strength of the solution increases.
|
['DNA, Recombinant', 'Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Isomerism', 'Nucleic Acid Conformation', 'Protein Folding', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence']
| 8,298,513
|
[['D13.444.308.460'], ['E05.196.867.519.274'], ['G02.111.570.685', 'G02.607.445'], ['G02.111.570.820.486', 'G05.360.580'], ['G01.154.651', 'G02.111.688'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Peptide affinity analysis of proteins that bind to an unstructured region containing the transactivating domain of the osmoprotective transcription factor NFAT5.
|
NFAT5 is a transcription factor originally identified because it is activated by hypertonicity and that activation increases expression of genes that protect against the adverse effects of the hypertonicity. However, its targets also include genes not obviously related to tonicity. The transactivating domain of NFAT5 is contained in its COOH-terminal region, which is predicted to be unstructured. Unstructured regions are common in transcription factors particularly in transactivating domains where they can bind co-regulatory proteins essential to their function. To identify potential binding partners of NFAT5 from either cytoplasmic or nuclear HEK293 cell extracts, we used peptide affinity chromatography followed by mass spectrometry. Peptide aptamer-baits consisted of overlapping 20 amino acid peptides within the predicted COOH-terminal unstructured region of NFAT5. We identify a total of 351 unique protein preys that associate with at least one COOH-terminal peptide bait from NFAT5 in either cytoplasmic or nuclear extracts from cells incubated at various tonicities (NaCl varied). In addition to finding many proteins already known to associate with NFAT5, we found many new ones whose function suggest novel aspects of NFAT5 regulation, interaction, and function. Relatively few of the proteins pulled down by peptide baits from NFAT5 are generally involved in transcription, and most, therefore, are likely to be specifically related to the regulation of NFAT5 or its function. The novel associated proteins are involved with cancer, effects of hypertonicity on chromatin, development, splicing of mRNA, transcription, and vesicle trafficking.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Cell Extracts', 'Chromatography, Affinity', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Humans', 'NFATC Transcription Factors', 'Osmosis', 'Peptides', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Domains', 'Protein Interaction Maps', 'Protein Isoforms', 'Sodium Chloride']
| 27,764,768
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D20.777.162'], ['E05.196.181.400.170'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.930.608'], ['G01.154.090.750', 'G02.111.655', 'G02.691', 'G02.723.495'], ['D12.644'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.750', 'G02.111.570.820.709.610.500'], ['G03.493.750'], ['D12.776.800'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Validation of smoking abstinence in newly diagnosed cardiovascular patients.
|
Three methods of assessing smoking status among newly diagnosed cardiovascular (CV) patients were compared: self-reports, collateral reports (spouse, friend, etc.), and saliva cotinine assays. Self-reported smoking status was assessed as the average number of cigarettes smoked per day at baseline, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months into treatment, and at a 6-month posttreatment follow-up. The majority of patients had quit smoking within 6 months prior to participating in the program. All participants were informed at the onset of the study and at the time of each assessment that their self-reports of smoking abstinence would be validated through collateral reports and possibly saliva cotinine analyses. Less than 5% (13 of 274) of the subjects' self-reports showed discrepancies with collateral reports. Analyses of saliva cotinine assays in a subsample of subjects, however, indicated that 16% (13 of 81) of the saliva cotinine tests were discrepant with the collateral reports. Thus, the saliva cotinine analyses picked up an additional 11% false negatives, as compared to collateral reports. It is concluded that the use of collateral reports as an index of smoking status may be an overestimate of actual quit rates. The overall discrepancy rate for this study, however, was fairly low and suggests that patients' self-reports may be reliable when they have already quit on their own and/or are notified in advance of verification procedures.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cardiac Rehabilitation', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Cotinine', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Compliance', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Saliva', 'Smoking Cessation', 'Truth Disclosure']
| 8,213,296
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.185', 'E02.831.185', 'H02.403.680.600.250', 'N02.421.784.244'], ['C14'], ['D03.383.773.812.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.600', 'F01.145.488.887.500.600', 'N05.300.150.800.500.600'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['A12.200.666'], ['F01.145.488.732'], ['F01.829.401.046.800', 'I01.880.604.583.080.134.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Single-center analysis of long-term outcome after hematopoietic cell transplantation in children with congenital severe T cell immunodeficiency.
|
We review clinical outcome and immune reconstitution in a consecutive series of 74 infants with severe T cell immunodeficiency who received hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) from January 1991 to May 2003. Fifty-three patients (71.6%) are alive. Results were significantly better for recipients of HCT from HLA-matched related donors (100% survival) and unrelated donors (86.4%) than from mismatched related donors (51.6%). A detailed analysis of immune reconstitution and clinical status was performed in 49 surviving patients, most of which have attained robust T and B cell reconstitution and are in very good clinical conditions. No cases of late deaths or of chronic graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) have been observed. However, infections and autoimmunity at >1 year after HCT have been observed in a significant number of patients. Persistence of a low number of circulating naive T cells and long-term requirement for intravenous immunoglobulin were associated with a higher incidence of clinical events.
|
['Autoimmunity', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Graft vs Host Disease', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cells', 'Histocompatibility', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Opportunistic Infections', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Severe Combined Immunodeficiency', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Transplantation Conditioning']
| 18,592,143
|
[['G12.450.192'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C20.452'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687.500'], ['A11.148.378', 'A11.872.378', 'A15.378.316.378'], ['G12.875.519'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C01.597', 'C01.610.684', 'C01.925.597'], ['C23.550.767'], ['C16.320.798.750', 'C16.614.815', 'C18.452.284.800', 'C20.673.795.750'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['E02.095.465.425.450.800', 'E05.478.610.800']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A radioimmunoassay for total captopril in human serum or plasma samples.
|
A radioimmunoassay for the measurement of total captopril in serum and heparinized plasma has been developed. Prior to the assay, serum or heparinized plasma samples are subjected to tri-n-butyl-phosphine reduction followed by N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) derivatization. The assay utilizes in-house NEM-captopril antibody, [125I]NEM-captopril radiolabel and human serum standards. Satisfactory zero binding and sensitivity are obtained after 3 h of incubation at room temperature. Separation of the antibody-bound and free radiolabeled antigen is achieved by employing a polyethylene glycol solution. The assay was shown to have excellent parallelism, recovery, and precision. Cross-reactivities with potentially interfering substances were low.
|
['Captopril', 'Humans', 'Plasma', 'Proline', 'Radioimmunoassay']
| 6,369,644
|
[['D12.125.072.401.623.270'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A12.207.152.693', 'A12.207.270.695', 'A15.145.693'], ['D12.125.072.401.623'], ['E01.370.384.700', 'E05.478.566.639', 'E05.601.470.639']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cloning and characterization of a new multi-stress inducible metallothionein gene in Tetrahymena pyriformis.
|
A new multi-stress-inducible metallothionein (MT) gene isoform has been cloned and characterized from the ciliate Tetrahymena pyriformis. Both the 5'- and 3'-UT regions of the Tp-MT2 gene are very different from the previously reported Tp-MT1 isoform in this organism and from other described MT genes in Tetrahymena pigmentosa and Tetrahymena thermophila. The putative protein sequence of Tp-MT2 contains cysteine clusters with characteristics of the typical Tetrahymena Cd-inducible MT genes. However, the sequence has a special feature of four intragenic tandem repeats within its first half, with a conserved structural pattern x(5/8)CCCx(6)CCx(6)CxCxNCxCCK. To investigate the transcriptional activities of both Tp-MT2 and Tp-MT1 genes toward heavy metals (Cd, Hg, Cu, Zn) and H(2)O(2), the mRNA levels of these two isoforms were evaluated by means of real-time quantitative PCR. Results showed that Tp-MT2 had a higher basal expression level than Tp-MT1 and both genes were induced by Cd, Hg, Cu, and Zn ions after short exposure (1h), although to different extents. Cd was the most effective metal inducer of both two isoforms, but the relative expression level of Tp-MT2 was much lower than that of Tp-MT1. Different expression patterns were also shown between the two genes when treated with Cd over a period of 24h. We suggest that TpMT-1 plays the role of a multi-inducible stress gene, while TpMT-2 may have a more specific function in basal metal homeostasis although it may have undergone a functional differentiation process. The putative functional significance and evolutionary mode of the TpMT-2 isoform are discussed.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Metallothionein', 'Metals, Heavy', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Protozoan Proteins', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Tandem Repeat Sequences', 'Tetrahymena pyriformis']
| 16,621,695
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.220'], ['G05.308'], ['D12.776.556.670'], ['D01.268.556', 'D01.552.544'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['D12.776.820'], ['E05.393.751'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.800', 'G05.360.080.708.800', 'G05.360.340.024.850'], ['B01.043.185.650.375.750.850.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Deregulated MHC class II transactivator expression leads to a strong Th2 bias in CD4+ T lymphocytes.
|
The MHC class II (MHC-II) transactivator (CIITA) is the master transcriptional regulator of genes involved in MHC-II-restricted Ag presentation. Fine tuning of CIITA gene expression determines the cell type-specific expression of MHC-II genes. This regulation is achieved by the selective usage of multiple CIITA promoters. It has recently been suggested that CIITA also contributes to Th cell differentiation by suppressing IL-4 expression in Th1 cells. In this study, we show that endogenous CIITA is expressed at low levels in activated mouse T cells. Importantly CIITA is not regulated differentially in murine and human Th1 and Th2 cells. Ectopic expression of a CIITA transgene in multiple mouse cell types including T cells, does not interfere with normal development of CD4(+) T cells. However, upon TCR activation the CIITA transgenic CD4(+) T cells preferentially differentiate into IL-4-secreting Th2-type cells. These results imply that CIITA is not a direct Th1-specific repressor of the IL-4 gene and that tight control over the expression of CIITA and MHC-II is required to maintain the normal balance between Th1 and Th2 responses.
|
['Adult', 'Animals', 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cytokines', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Genes, MHC Class II', 'Humans', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Inbred CBA', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Species Specificity', 'Th1 Cells', 'Th2 Cells', 'Trans-Activators']
| 12,538,670
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['G04.152'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.610.600', 'G05.360.340.024.380.500.600', 'G12.500.500.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.440', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.440'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['D12.776.660'], ['G16.824'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.400.900', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.400.900', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.400.900', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.400.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.400.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.400.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.400.900', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.400.900', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.400.900'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.400.905', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.400.905', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.400.905', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.400.750', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.400.750', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.400.750', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.400.905', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.400.905', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.400.905'], ['D12.776.260.755', 'D12.776.930.900', 'D12.776.964.925.984']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Camelid-derived heavy-chain nanobody against Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin E in Pichia pastoris.
|
Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) result in severe and often fatal disease, botulism. Common remedial measures such as equine antitoxin and human botulism immunoglobulin in turn are problematic and time-consuming. Therefore, diagnosis and therapy of BoNTs are vital. The variable domain of heavy-chain antibodies (VHH) has unique features, such as the ability to identify and bind specifically to target epitopes and ease of production in bacteria and yeast. The Pichia pastoris is suitable for expression of recombinant antibody fragments. Disulfide bond formation and correct folds of protein with a high yield are some of the advantages of this eukaryotic host. In this study, we have expressed and purified the camelid VHH against BoNT/E in P. pastoris. The final yield of P. pastoris-expressed antibody was estimated to be 16 mg/l, which is higher than that expressed by Escherichia coli. The nanobody expressed in P. pastoris neutralized 4LD50 of the BoNT/E upon i.p. injection in 25% of mice. The nanobody expressed in E. coli extended the mice's survival to 1.5-fold compared to the control. This experiment indicated that the quality of expressed protein in the yeast is superior to that of the bacterial expression. Favorable protein folding by P. pastoris seems to play a role in its better toxin-binding property.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Botulinum Toxins', 'Camelus', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Clostridium botulinum', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Nanostructures', 'Pichia', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Single-Domain Antibodies', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 24,673,401
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.153', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.153', 'D12.776.097.156', 'D23.946.123.179'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.190.180'], ['E05.393.220'], ['B03.300.390.400.200.160', 'B03.353.625.375.500.160', 'B03.510.415.400.200.160'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['J01.637.512'], ['B01.300.107.795.700', 'B01.300.930.600'], ['D12.776.828'], ['D12.644.541.500.650.500.900', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680.650.500.900', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680.650.500.900', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680.650.500.897'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
NMR investigation of mithramycin A binding to d(ATGCAT)2: a comparative study with chromomycin A3.
|
The binding of mithramycin A to the d(A1T2G3C4A5T6) duplex was investigated by 1H NMR and found to be similar to that of its analogue chromomycin A3. In the presence of Mg2+, mithramycin binds strongly to d(ATGCAT)2. On the basis of the two-dimensional NOESY spectrum, the complex formed possesses C2 symmetry at a stoichiometry of two drugs per duplex (2:1) and is in slow chemical exchange on the NMR time scale. NOESY experiments reveal contacts from the E-pyranose of mithramycin to the terminal and nonterminal adenine H2 proton of DNA and from the drug hydroxyl proton to both G3NH2 protons, C4H1' proton, and A5H1' proton. These data place the drug chromophore and E pyranose on the minor groove side of d(ATGCAT)2. NOE contacts from the A-, B-, C-, and D-pyranoses of mithramycin to several deoxyribose protons suggest that the A- and B-rings are oriented along the sugar-phosphate backbone of G3-C4, while the C- and D-rings are located along the sugar-phosphate backbone of A5-T6. These drug-DNA contacts are very similar to those found for chromomycin binding to d(ATGCAT)2. Unlike chromomycin, the NOESY spectrum of mithramycin at the molar ratio of one drug per duplex reveals several chemical exchange cross-peaks corresponding to the drug-free and drug-bound proton resonances. From the intensity of these cross-peaks and the corresponding diagonal peaks, the off-rate constant was estimated to be 0.4 s-1. These data suggest that the exchange rate of mithramycin binding to d(ATGCAT)2 is faster than that of chromomycin.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Chromomycin A3', 'DNA', 'Hydrogen', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Plicamycin', 'Protein Conformation']
| 2,148,686
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D09.408.210.209'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D01.268.406', 'D01.362.340'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.650', 'D04.615.562.050.650', 'D09.408.051.059.650'], ['G02.111.570.820.709']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
An Interrater Reliability Study of Rorschach Performance Assessment System (R-PAS) Raw and Complexity-Adjusted Scores.
|
Recently, the Rorschach Performance Assessment System (R-PAS; Meyer, Viglione, Mihura, Erard, & Erdberg, 2011 ) was introduced to overcome some possible limitations of the Comprehensive System (CS; Exner, 2003 ) while continuing its efforts to link Rorschach inferences to their evidence base. An important, technical modification to the scoring system is that R-PAS interpretations are based on both standard scores and complexity-adjusted scores. Two previous U.S. studies reported good to excellent interrater reliability (IRR) for the great majority of R-PAS variables; however, IRR of complexity-adjusted scores has never been investigated. Furthermore, no studies have yet investigated R-PAS IRR in Europe. To extend this literature, we examined R-PAS IRR of Page 1 and Page 2 raw and complexity-adjusted scores with 112 Italian Rorschach protocols. We collected a large sample of both clinical and nonclinical Rorschach protocols, each of which was coded separately by 2 independent raters. Results demonstrated a mean intraclass correlation of .78 (SD = .14) for raw scores and.74 (SD = .14) for complexity-adjusted scores. Overall, for both raw and complexity-adjusted values, most of the variables were characterized by good to excellent IRR.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Italy', 'Language', 'Male', 'Personality Assessment', 'Psychometrics', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Rorschach Test']
| 28,375,651
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['F01.145.209.399', 'L01.559'], ['F04.513'], ['F04.711.780'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['F04.711.647.622.341.736']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Finnish adoptive family study: sample selection and adoptee DSM-III-R diagnoses.
|
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the genetic contribution to schizophrenia using an adoption design that disentangles genetic and environmental factors.METHOD: Finnish hospital diagnoses of schizophrenic/paranoid psychosis in a nationwide sample of adopting-away women are compared with DSM-III-R research diagnoses for these mothers. DSM-III-R diagnoses of their index offspring are blindly compared with adopted-away offspring of epidemiologically unscreened control mothers.RESULTS: Primary sampling diagnoses of index mothers were confirmed using DSM-III-R criteria. Lifetime prevalence of typical schizophrenia in 164 index adoptees was 6.7% (age-corrected morbid risk 8.1%), significantly different from 2.0% prevalence (2.3% age-corrected morbid risk) in 197 control adoptees. When adoptees with diagnoses of schizoaffective disorder, schizophreniform disorder, schizotypal disorder and affective psychoses were added, the contrast between the index and control adoptees increased.CONCLUSION: The genetic liability to 'typical' DSM-III-R schizophrenia is decisively confirmed. Additionally, the liability also extends to a broad spectrum of other psychotic and non-psychotic disorders.
|
['Adoption', 'Adult', 'Age of Onset', 'Aged', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Child of Impaired Parents', 'Female', 'Finland', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mothers', 'Population Surveillance', 'Prevalence', 'Risk', 'Schizophrenia', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Statistics, Nonparametric']
| 10,868,466
|
[['I01.880.853.150.140'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075.100', 'N06.850.490.250.100'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['M01.106'], ['Z01.542.816.186'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.829.263.500.320.200', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340.270', 'M01.620.630'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['F03.700.750'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Social Representations of Gynecologic Cancer Screening Assessment a Qualitative research on Ecuadorian women.
|
The purpose of this work was to explore: knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding gynecologic cancer screening on Ecuadorian women users of primary care facilities, to identify the social representations that users of health services make about these programs and their influence on the decision to undergo a screening. An exploratory and qualitative research design was held using focus groups and in-depth interviews for data collection. A narrative content analysis of the results was conducted. Women's knowledge on gynecological cancer screening was confusing. Most frequent misconceptions related to the pap smear were: the belief that it could be useful for detecting pregnancy, ovarian cysts or infections. Most of the participants stated that the pap smear procedure is a traumatic and painful experience. Regarding to mammography women said it was used for sick woman and this procedure by itself may cause cancer. El prop?sito de esta investigaci?n fue explorar los conocimientos, actitudes y creencias respecto a los programas de detecci?n del c?ncer ginecol?gico entre usuarias de centros de atenci?n primaria de salud para identificar las representaciones sociales que las usuarias de los servicios de salud elaboran acerca de estos programas y de los diferentes procedimientos que comprenden. El dise?o de la investigaci?n fue exploratorio y cualitativo, mediante grupos focales y entrevistas a profundidad, con el respectivo an?lisis narrativo e interpretativo del contenido. Se encontr? conocimiento confuso acerca de los programas de tamizaje de c?ncer ginecol?gico y dificultades asociadas a la realizaci?n de los procedimientos. Los significados m?s frecuentes acerca de los programas fueron: el uso de la citolog?a c?rvico-vaginal para detectar embarazo, quistes ov?ricos o infecciones. La mayor?a de los participantes asociaba este procedimiento con una experiencia dolorosa y traum?tica. Respecto al autoexamen de mamas, lo calificaron como un masaje preventivo-terap?utico y a la mamograf?a como peligrosa porque podr?a desarrollar c?ncer.
|
['Decision Making', 'Early Detection of Cancer', 'Ecuador', 'Female', 'Focus Groups', 'Genital Neoplasms, Female', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Mammography', 'Ovarian Cysts', 'Pregnancy Tests', 'Qualitative Research', 'Vaginal Smears']
| 27,384,278
|
[['F02.463.785.373'], ['E01.390.500'], ['Z01.107.757.362'], ['E05.318.308.112', 'N05.715.360.300.269', 'N06.850.520.308.112'], ['C04.588.945.418', 'C13.351.937.418'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.700.500'], ['C04.182.612', 'C13.351.500.056.630.580', 'C19.391.630.580'], ['E01.370.225.970', 'E01.370.378.620', 'E05.200.970'], ['H01.770.644.241.850'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.800', 'E01.370.225.998.054.800', 'E01.370.378.900', 'E04.074.800', 'E05.200.500.384.100.800', 'E05.200.998.054.800', 'E05.242.384.100.800']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[Preliminary study on lectin affinity histochemistry for diagnosis and histogenesis of salivary gland carcinoma].
|
A comparative study was undertaken among mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, acinic cell carcinoma and normal salivary glands using lectin affinity histochemical method. It was found that the positive rate was highest in mucoepidermoid carcinoma (P less than 0.05); Among the 4 kinds of lectins used PNA and UEA had different distributions and contents in cancer and control groups (P less than 0.05). The mucoid substances in the cancer tissue were mixed mucin, similar to those in the normal salivary gland. However, there was more mixed mucin in the former than in the latter. This method is useful in diagnosis of salivary gland carcinoma. The relation of glucoprotein content on the cancer cell surface and carcinogenesis is discussed.
|
['Carcinoma', 'Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Humans', 'Lectins', 'Salivary Gland Neoplasms']
| 1,652,418
|
[['C04.557.470.200'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.220'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.503'], ['C04.588.443.591.824', 'C07.465.530.824', 'C07.465.815.718']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Amorphous characteristics of an ultrathin cellulose film.
|
Swelling behavior and rearrangements of an amorphous ultrathin cellulose film (20 nm thickness) exposed to water and subsequently dried were investigated with grazing incidence X-ray diffraction, neutron reflectivity, atomic force microscopy, and surface energy calculations obtained from contact angle measurements. The film swelled excessively in water, doubling its thickness, but shrunk back to the original thickness upon water removal. Crystallinity (or amorphousness) and morphology remained relatively unchanged after the wetting/drying cycle, but surface free energy increased considerably (ca. 15%) due to an increase in its polar component, that is, the hydrophilicity of the film, indicating that rearrangements occurred during the film's exposure to water. Furthermore, stability of the films in aqueous NaOH solution was investigated with quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring. The films were stable at 0.0001 M NaOH but already 0.001 M NaOH partially dissolved the film. The surprising susceptibility to dissolve in dilute NaOH was hypothetically attributed to the lack of hierarchical morphology in the amorphous film.
|
['Absorption', 'Cellulose', 'Chemistry Techniques, Analytical', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Sodium Hydroxide', 'Solubility', 'Water']
| 21,294,555
|
[['G01.015', 'G02.010', 'G03.015', 'G03.787.024', 'G07.690.725.015'], ['D05.750.078.562.180', 'D09.698.365.180', 'D25.720.099.500', 'J01.637.051.720.099.500'], ['E05.196'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['D01.045.250.750', 'D01.248.497.158.459.475', 'D01.857.745'], ['G02.805'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The role of exact exchange in the description of Cu(2+)-(H(2)O)(n) (n = 1-6) complexes by means of DFT methods.
|
This paper analyses the behavior of different density functionals in the description of the most stable structures of Cu(2+)-(H(2)O)(n) complexes (n = 1-6). From n = 3 to n = 6, different coordination numbers of the metal cation were considered. The structures and energies of the complexes were theoretically determined by means of density functional methods that include different amounts of exact exchange: the BLYP functional (0% of exact exchange), the B3LYP functional (20% of exact exchange), the MPWB1K functional (44% of exact exchange), and BHLYP functional (50% of exact exchange). In addition, CCSD(T) calculations with a large basis set were carried out. It has been found that the functionals with lesser amount of exact exchange, especially BLYP, fail to describe the relative energies between the different structures of each cluster because these functionals tend to overestimate the stability of low-coordinated structures. The inclusion of the exact exchange into the functional improves the results, those obtained with MPWB1K and BHLYP being in very good agreement with the CCSD(T) ones. This behavior is related to the poor description of the second ionization energy of Cu by pure functionals, which leads to a too delocalized spin density in the complex with GGA functionals.
|
['Computer Simulation', 'Copper', 'Electrons', 'Models, Chemical', 'Molecular Structure', 'Water']
| 20,849,102
|
[['L01.224.160'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['G01.249.335', 'G01.358.500.750'], ['E05.599.495'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Non-Linear Approach in Kinesiology Should Be Preferred to the Linear--A Case of Basketball.
|
In kinesiology, medicine, biology and psychology, in which research focus is on dynamical self-organized systems, complex connections exist between variables. Non-linear nature of complex systems has been discussed and explained by the example of non-linear anthropometric predictors of performance in basketball. Previous studies interpreted relations between anthropometric features and measures of effectiveness in basketball by (a) using linear correlation models, and by (b) including all basketball athletes in the same sample of participants regardless of their playing position. In this paper the significance and character of linear and non-linear relations between simple anthropometric predictors (AP) and performance criteria consisting of situation-related measures of effectiveness (SE) in basketball were determined and evaluated. The sample of participants consisted of top-level junior basketball players divided in three groups according to their playing time (8 minutes and more per game) and playing position: guards (N = 42), forwards (N = 26) and centers (N = 40). Linear (general model) and non-linear (general model) regression models were calculated simultaneously and separately for each group. The conclusion is viable: non-linear regressions are frequently superior to linear correlations when interpreting actual association logic among research variables.
|
['Adolescent', 'Anthropometry', 'Athletes', 'Athletic Performance', 'Basketball', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kinesiology, Applied', 'Male', 'Nonlinear Dynamics']
| 26,434,019
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E01.370.600.024', 'E05.041', 'N06.850.505.200.100'], ['M01.072'], ['I03.450.642.845.054'], ['I03.450.642.845.117'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.190.599.186', 'E02.779.867.344', 'E02.831.535.867.344'], ['E05.599.850', 'H01.548.675']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Data envelopment analysis: dynamic possibilities in an academic medical center application.
|
In a fairly short period of time, data envelopment analysis (DEA) has grown into a powerful quantitative, analytical tool for measuring the relative performance of similar organizations. DEA has been successfully applied to traditional service industries such as universities and hospitals as well as to trades as diverse as banking and manufacturing. To the best of our knowledge, however, DEA has not been applied in the academic medicine healthcare setting. This paper discusses fundamental DEA models and some of their extensions, the arena into which we introduced DEA, and an example from our own institution exploring how DEA can advance the value proposition within an academic healthcare organization.
|
['Academic Medical Centers', 'Benchmarking', 'California', 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'Decision Making, Organizational', 'Decision Support Techniques', 'Economics, Hospital', 'Efficiency, Organizational', 'Humans', 'Models, Organizational', 'Relative Value Scales']
| 23,167,025
|
[['N02.278.020'], ['N04.452.500.150', 'N04.761.685.150', 'N04.761.700.150', 'N05.700.150', 'N05.715.360.650.150'], ['Z01.107.567.875.580.200', 'Z01.107.567.875.760.200'], ['E05.245.380', 'E05.318.740.300', 'L01.313.500.750.190.380', 'N05.715.360.750.300', 'N06.850.520.830.300'], ['N04.452.190'], ['E05.245', 'L01.313.500.750.190'], ['N03.219.262'], ['N04.452.209.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.670', 'N04.452.534'], ['N03.219.521.710.305.500', 'N04.452.313.500']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Anti-ergotypic T cells in na?ve rats.
|
T regulatory cells play an important role in regulating T cell responses. Anti-ergotypic T cells are a subset of regulatory T cells that proliferate in response to activation markers, ergotopes, expressed on activated, and not on resting syngeneic T cells. Here we report the presence of anti-ergotypic T cells in lymph nodes, spleens and thymuses of naive rats. The development of anti-ergotypic T cells appeared to be independent of antigen priming, as thymocytes from one-day old rats exhibited significant anti-ergotypic proliferative responses. The anti-ergotypic T cells were found to be of the CD8+ phenotype, and included both TCRalpha/beta+ and TCRgamma/delta+ T cells. The TCRgamma/delta+ anti-ergotypic T cells secreted IFNgamma and TNFalpha in response to activated T cells; the TCRalpha/beta+ T cells proliferated but did not secret detectable cytokines. We found that the interaction between the anti-ergotypic T cells and stimulator T cells required cell-to-cell contact between the T cells. Professional APCs were not needed. The response of the TCRalpha/beta+CD8+ anti-ergotypic T cells was MHC-I restricted and B7-CD28 dependent; the response of the TCRgamma/delta+ anti-ergotypic T cells was B7-CD28 dependent, but was not inhibited by antibodies to classical MHC-I or MHC-II molecules. The existence of anti-ergotypic T cells in naive animals suggests that these cells might have a role in the regulation and maintenance of the immune system.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, Differentiation', 'Autoimmunity', 'Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte', 'Female', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Lew', 'T-Lymphocyte Subsets', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 15,848,041
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050.301.264', 'D23.101.100'], ['G12.450.192'], ['D23.050.550.402'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.280', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.280'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Aeroallergens in West Crete, Greece: A five year (2010-2014) aerobiological study.
|
The objective of the analytic observational study was to present air-pollen counting program results for a 5-year period. Airborne pollens and fungi collection, from both urban and sub-urban areas, were obtained using a special Burkard pollen trap installed on the roof of Chania General Hospital. Aeroallergen concentration measurement was made in a standardized way with fixation of the material collected and then counting using an optical microscope. Annual and total circulating pollen and fungi counts for the study period are presented. In the year 2014, the highest total annual count was recorded, while 2013 was the year with the lowest one. Months with the highest average concentrations were June for the years 2010 and 2011 (1291 and 1114.6 grains/m(3), respectively) and May for the consecutive 3 years 2012-2014 (1120, 890 and 1353.1 g/m(3), respectively). Peak periods for circulating aeroallergens were April-June. Trees pollen accounted for the majority of circulating aeroallergens (615.9 and 677.1 g/m(3) during peak periods in the years 2012 and 2014), while fungi accounted for the majority of circulating aeroallergens (818.5, 729.4, 890.7 spores/m(3)), during the peak periods in the years 2010, 2011 and 2013. Variability in peak airborne allergen periods could be partly explained by the differences in climatic conditions during the study period.
|
['Allergens', 'Greece', 'Hospitals, General', 'Humans', 'Hypersensitivity', 'Incidence', 'Pollen', 'Seasons']
| 26,971,336
|
[['D23.050.063'], ['Z01.542.383'], ['N02.278.421.389'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C20.543'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['A18.024.249.500.249.500'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Levels of measured hopelessness in physically-ill patients.
|
Beck et al.'s Hopelessness Scale was administered to a group of 60 general hospital patients suffering from a variety of physical disorders. The group consisted of 30 chronically- and 30 acutely-ill patients. The mean Hopelessness Scale score for the whole group was 3.75 (SD 2.7). This mean score did not differ significantly from the mean Hopelessness Scale score obtained from a large sample from the general population. However it was significantly lower than the mean score of 40 clinically-depressed psychiatric hospital patients. No significant differences were found between the levels of measured hopelessness of the chronically ill and acutely ill.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Depression', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Motivation', 'Psychological Tests', 'Psychometrics', 'Sick Role']
| 7,161,732
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['F04.711'], ['F04.711.780'], ['F01.829.316.616.751']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Prevention of radiocontrast-induced nephropathy with N-acetylcysteine in patients undergoing coronary angiography.
|
OBJECTIVES: Acetylcysteine in patients undergoing computerized tomography with intravenous contrast reduces the incidence of acute renal dysfunction. We examined the effect of N-acetylcysteine in patients undergoing coronary angiography.METHODS: Fifty-five consecutive patients receiving 3 doses of N-acetylcysteine prior to cardiac catheterization were compared to 55 historical controls. All patients in both groups had baseline serum creatinine > 1.2 mg/dl and received intravenous hydration before and after the procedure. Serum creatinine levels at baseline and 48 hours after the procedure were compared.RESULTS: Univariate analysis of clinical variables revealed no significant differences between the groups except for a higher baseline creatinine in the treatment group (2.0 0.7 vs. 1.8 0.4 mg/dl; p = 0.04). There was no difference in the amount or type of contrast used. The mean change in creatinine after 48 hours was -0.4 0.3 versus +0.1 0.3 mg/dl for treatment and control groups (p < 0.001). In patients with baseline creatinine > 2 mg/dl, the benefit was larger (-0.4 0.4 vs. +0.5 0.3 mg/dl; p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis confirmed pre-treatment with N-acetylcysteine as an independent predictor of renal protection (p < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic use of acetylcysteine prevented reduction of renal function after coronary angiography. The benefit was greater in patients with baseline serum creatinine > 2 mg/dl.
|
['Acetylcysteine', 'Acute Kidney Injury', 'Aged', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Contrast Media', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Coronary Disease', 'Creatinine', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Kidney Function Tests', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Probability', 'Prospective Studies', 'Radiopharmaceuticals', 'Reference Values', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 12,777,667
|
[['D02.886.030.230.259', 'D12.125.166.230.259'], ['C12.777.419.780.050', 'C13.351.968.419.780.050'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E02.319.283'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.390.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D27.505.259.843', 'D27.505.519.871', 'D27.720.470.410.650'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Multiple marker second trimester serum screening for pre-eclampsia.
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether an appropriate combination of maternal serum inhibin A, free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (free beta-hCG), unconjugated estriol (uE3), and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) may be an effective means of screening for pre-eclampsia in the second trimester of pregnancy.SETTING: Women who attended an antenatal clinic in Oxford, from whom serum samples were stored, 19 of whom subsequently developed pre-eclampsia.METHODS: Serum inhibin A, free beta-hCG, uE3, and AFP were measured in 32 serum samples collected from the 19 women who developed pre-eclampsia and, for each sample, in three control samples collected from women with unaffected pregnancies matched for gestational age and maternal age.RESULTS: In pregnancies that developed pre-eclampsia the median inhibin A value was raised (1.7 multiples of the median (MoM) for unaffected pregnancies (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.1 to 2.7 MoM), the median free beta-hCG was raised (2.1, 1.4 to 3.3 MoM) and the median uE3 was lowered (0.8, 0.6 to 0.98 MoM) after 19 completed weeks of gestation and at least 2 weeks before the onset ofproteinuria. Values of AFP were similar in affected and unaffected pregnancies. Combining the values ofinhibin A, free beta-hCG, and uE3 to form a screening test would detect an estimated 55% of affected pregnancies with a false positive rate of 5%.CONCLUSIONS: Inhibin A, free beta-hCG, and uE3 in combination may be a useful screening test during the second trimester for pre-eclampsia.
|
['Biomarkers', 'Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human', 'Estriol', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Inhibins', 'Pre-Eclampsia', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Trimester, Second', 'Proteinuria', 'alpha-Fetoproteins']
| 11,480,445
|
[['D23.101'], ['D06.472.699.322.326.125', 'D06.472.699.649.367.125', 'D12.644.548.726.367.125', 'D12.776.780.400.125', 'D23.101.140.325', 'D23.101.175'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.331', 'D06.472.334.851.437.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D06.472.334.968', 'D06.472.699.337', 'D12.644.548.387', 'D12.776.395.439'], ['C13.703.395.249'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.707.490'], ['C12.777.934.734', 'C13.351.968.934.734', 'C23.888.942.750'], ['D12.776.124.790.106.092', 'D12.776.320.525.500', 'D12.776.377.228.500', 'D12.776.377.715.085.092', 'D23.101.140.050']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dynamics of Interaction of Neural Networks in the Course of EEG Alpha Biofeedback.
|
Brain EEG-fMRI activity was studied in subjects, who had successfully completed the EEG alpha stimulating training course (20 sessions): for 14 healthy men (20-35 years) three records were obtained in the feedback loop (biofeedback with EEG alpha rhythm with sound reinforcement): in the beginning, middle and at the end of the course. During alpha training, increased functional connectivity was revealed between precuneus network and anterior salience network, left executive control network, default mode network, primary visual network; anterior salience network and executive control network, visual-spatial network. The most prominent changes were found for precuneus network and anterior salience network, which could be due to their key role in the biofeedback phenomenon. Significant changes in functional connectivity were recorded for anterior salience network and precuneus network (synchronicity increased from the first to the third trial) and right and left executive control networks (weakening from the first to the second session.
|
['Adult', 'Alpha Rhythm', 'Brain Mapping', 'Electroencephalography', 'Executive Function', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Nerve Net', 'Neurofeedback', 'Parietal Lobe', 'Young Adult']
| 28,361,421
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.376.300.150.374', 'E01.370.405.245.287.374', 'G07.265.087.500', 'G11.561.127.500'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['F02.463.217'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['A08.511'], ['E02.190.525.123.500', 'F02.830.131.500', 'F04.754.137.301.750', 'F04.754.308.500.750'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.670'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
O2-Hb reaction kinetics and the F?hraeus effect during stagnant, hypoxic, and anemic supply deficit.
|
We modified our previous computer model of O2 and CO2 transport in the cerebral microcirculation to include nonequilibrium O2-Hb kinetics and the F?hraeus effect (reduced tube hematocrit in small microvessels). The model is a steady-state multicompartmental simulation which includes three arteriolar compartments, three venular compartments, and one capillary compartment. Three different types of oxygen deficits (stagnant, hypoxic, and anemic conditions) were simulated by respectively reducing blood flow, arterial O2 saturation, and systemic hematocrit to one half of normal. Microcirculatory distributions for PO2, PCO2, O2 saturation and deviations from equilibrium, and the O2 and CO2 fluxes for each compartment were predicted for the three O2 supply deficits. Differences were found for O2 extraction ratios and relative contributions of arteriolar, venular, and capillary gas fluxes for each type of deficit. The F?hraeus effect and O2-Hb kinetics reduced O2 extraction in all cases and altered microcirculatory gas distributions depending on the specific type of O2 supply deficits. The modified model continues to predict that capillaries are the major site where gas exchange takes place, and demonstrates that the F?hraeus effect and nonequilibrium O2-Hb kinetics are important mechanisms that should not be neglected in O2 and CO2 transport modeling. While this model provides useful insight regarding the influence of the Fahraeus effect and O2-Hb kinetics under steady state, the addition of a distributed and dynamic simulation should further elucidate the effects of the brain's heterogeneous properties and transient behavior.
|
['Algorithms', 'Anemia', 'Animals', 'Arterioles', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Blood Gas Analysis', 'Brain Chemistry', 'Cats', 'Cerebrovascular Circulation', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Hematocrit', 'Hemoglobins', 'Hypoxia, Brain', 'Microcirculation', 'Models, Cardiovascular', 'Numerical Analysis, Computer-Assisted', 'Oxygen', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 10,355,551
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['C15.378.071'], ['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.060', 'A07.015.461.080'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.100', 'E01.370.386.700.100', 'E05.200.124.100.100'], ['G02.111.150', 'G03.185'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['G09.330.100.159'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['E01.370.225.625.400', 'E05.200.625.400', 'G09.188.370.374'], ['D12.776.124.400', 'D12.776.422.316.762'], ['C10.228.140.624', 'C23.888.852.079.797'], ['G09.330.100.645'], ['E05.599.395.161'], ['L01.224.680.700'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome among premenopausal women with type 2 diabetes.
|
OBJECTIVE: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have an increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes. Few studies have assessed women with type 2 diabetes to determine the frequency of PCOS in this population.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: To determine the prevalence of PCOS among premenopausal women with type 2 diabetes, we conducted a retrospective cross-sectional prevalence study. We reviewed the medical records of all women seen in the Diabetes Clinic of the Medical College of Virginia Hospitals between January 1995 through February 2000. A diagnosis of PCOS was based on 1) oligomenorrhea, 2) hyperandrogenism (biochemical or clinical), and 3) exclusion of other related disorders.RESULTS: We reviewed the medical records of 618 women with diabetes and identified 47 women eligible for study. Of the 47 women, 30 consented to an evaluation. Of the 30 women evaluated, 8 were identified as having PCOS (6 women reported a previous PCOS diagnosis and 2 women were newly diagnosed), resulting in a prevalence of 26.7%.CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that PCOS occurs frequently among premenopausal women with type 2 diabetes.
|
['Abortion, Spontaneous', 'Adult', 'Body Constitution', 'Body Mass Index', 'Contraceptives, Oral', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Female', 'Hirsutism', 'Hospitals, University', 'Humans', 'Medical Records', 'Parity', 'Polycystic Ovary Syndrome', 'Pregnancy', 'Premenopause', 'Prevalence', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Virginia']
| 11,375,369
|
[['C13.703.039', 'G08.686.784.769.496.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.115', 'G07.100'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['D27.505.696.875.360.276.210', 'D27.505.954.705.360.276.210'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['C17.800.329.750', 'C23.888.971.468'], ['N02.278.020.300.310', 'N02.278.421.639.725'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.940.968', 'N04.452.859.564', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968'], ['G08.686.677', 'G08.686.784.769.472', 'N06.850.490.812.600'], ['C04.182.612.765', 'C13.351.500.056.630.580.765', 'C19.391.630.580.765'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.157.500.812', 'G08.686.841.249.500.812'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.837', 'Z01.107.567.875.750.870']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
In vivo production of exotoxin A and its role in endogenous Pseudomonas aeruginosa septicemia in mice.
|
We have examined the production of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A (ETA) and its role in endogenous bacteremia in mice. Mice given P. aeruginosa D4 orally died of bacteremia between days 10 and 13 following cyclophosphamide-induced leukocytopenia. In this model, serum endotoxin was detected beginning on day 7 by the Limulus assay and P. aeruginosa was cultured from blood beginning on day 9. ETA and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) were also detected in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay beginning on day 9. Purified ETA did not stimulate the production of TNF in normal mice primed with a synthetic derivative of muramyl dipeptide in the absence of endotoxin. However, ETA enhanced and primed endotoxin-induced TNF production in mice. The mortality rate of mice given ETA mutant PAO-PRI (5.0%) was significantly lower than that of mice given the parent strain (78.8%). These data indicate that ETA may be an important factor in the occurrence of P. aeruginosa bacteremia and/or the death of mice. Also, ETA may be responsible for enhancing the production of a lethal dose of TNF in the presence of endotoxin in P. aeruginosa bacteremia.
|
['ADP Ribose Transferases', 'Animals', 'Bacteremia', 'Bacterial Toxins', 'Exotoxins', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Pseudomonas Infections', 'Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha', 'Virulence Factors']
| 8,500,881
|
[['D08.811.913.400.725.115'], ['B01.050'], ['C01.150.252.100', 'C01.757.100', 'C23.550.470.790.500.100'], ['D23.946.123'], ['D23.946.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['C01.150.252.400.739'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.100', 'B03.660.250.580.590.050'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626'], ['D23.946.896']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Gamma radiation induced micronuclei and erythrocyte cellular abnormalities in the fish Catla catla.
|
Ionizing radiation induced DNA damage in fishes is a scarcely studied topic and very few studies are available in fishes exposed to ionizing radiation using the erythrocyte micronucleus assay under laboratory conditions. Since radionuclides released accidentally or during a nuclear disaster can contaminate inland water bodies, biomonitoring methods are required for assessing the impacts of high and low levels of radiation that may ultimately result in ionizing radiation exposure to both humans and non-human biota. Fresh water fish, Catla catla were subjected to protracted (0.002 Gy/min) and acute (3.2 Gy/min) gamma radiation to a total dose of 5 Gy. Peripheral blood samples were collected at different intervals (days 3, 6, 12, 18, 30, 45, 90, 135, 202) and analyzed by the erythrocyte micronucleus assay. Nuclear anomalies observed were micronuclei (MN), deformed nuclei (DN), nuclear bud (NBu), nuclear bridge (NBr), vacuolated nucleus (VN), binucleated cell (BNC), apoptotic cells (AC) while cytoplasmic abnormalities detected were vacuolated cytoplasm (VC), anisochromasia (AN), echinocytes (EC) and enucleus (EN). Both exposures caused a statistically significant increase in nuclear and cytoplasmic abnormalities that correlated with micronucleus and other nuclear anomalies. However, the extent of damage is higher after an acute exposure lasting for a longer period leading to apoptosis. Nuclear and cytoplasmic abnormalities are the resultants of gamma radiation induced genotoxicity and cytotoxicity.
|
['Animals', 'Biomarkers', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Cyprinidae', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Erythrocytes', 'Gamma Rays', 'Lethal Dose 50', 'Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective']
| 22,771,702
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.101'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.200.244'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['G01.358.500.505.300', 'G01.750.250.300', 'G01.750.750.400'], ['E05.940.402', 'G07.225.500', 'G07.690.773.875.750', 'G07.690.936.500.750'], ['A11.284.430.106.570', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117.570', 'C23.550.210.570', 'G05.365.590.175.570']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Porphyrin-magnetite nanoconjugates for biological imaging.
|
BACKGROUND: The use of silica coated magnetic nanoparticles as contrast agents has resulted in the production of highly stable, non-toxic solutions that can be manipulated via an external magnetic field. As a result, the interaction of these nanocomposites with cells is of vital importance in understanding their behaviour and biocompatibility. Here we report the preparation, characterisation and potential application of new "two-in-one" magnetic fluorescent nanocomposites composed of silica-coated magnetite nanoparticles covalently linked to a porphyrin moiety.METHOD: The experiments were performed by administering porphyrin functionalised silica-coated magnetite nanoparticles to THP-1 cells, a human acute monocytic leukaemia cell line. Cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium with 25 mM HEPES supplemented with heat-inactivated foetal bovine serum (FBS).RESULTS: We have synthesised, characterised and analysed in vitro, a new multimodal (magnetic and fluorescent) porphyrin magnetic nanoparticle composite (PMNC). Initial co-incubation experiments performed with THP-1 macrophage cells were promising; however the PMNC photobleached under confocal microscopy study. â-mercaptoethanol (â-ME) was employed to counteract this problem and resulted not only in enhanced fluorescence emission, but also allowed for elongated imaging and increased exposure times of the PMNC in a cellular environment.CONCLUSION: Our experiments have demonstrated that â-ME visibly enhances the emission intensity. No deleterious effects to the cells were witnessed upon co-incubation with â-ME alone and no increases in background fluorescence were recorded. These results should present an interest for further development of in vitro biological imaging techniques.
|
['Cell Line, Tumor', 'Diagnostic Imaging', 'HEPES', 'Humans', 'Macrophages', 'Magnetite Nanoparticles', 'Mercaptoethanol', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Nanoconjugates', 'Photobleaching', 'Porphyrins', 'Staining and Labeling']
| 21,477,294
|
[['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['E01.370.350'], ['D02.455.326.146.100.250', 'D02.886.645.600.055.250', 'D03.383.606.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['J01.637.512.600.500.144.500'], ['D02.033.375.534', 'D02.886.489.409'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['D26.255.260.600', 'E02.319.300.380.600', 'J01.637.512.600.577'], ['G02.740.680'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.500', 'D03.633.400.909.500', 'D04.345.783.500', 'D23.767.727'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670', 'E05.200.500.620.670', 'E05.200.750.600.670']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The role of pregabalin in relieving ureteral stent-related symptoms: a randomized controlled clinical trial.
|
PURPOSE: To investigate the role of pregabalin in relieving USRS in patients with an indwelling double-J (DJ) stents.PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 500 adult patients with a unilateral single ureteral stone who underwent ureteroscopic stone management and required DJ stent insertion were prospectively included in our study. Patients were blindly assigned into four groups A, B, C and D. Those in group A were managed with combination of solifenacin 5-mg tablets and pregabalin 75-mg capsules bid. Patients in group B were managed with solifenacin 5-mg tablets. Those in group C were managed with pregabalin 75-mg capsules bid. Those in group D were control group. All patients were evaluated on day 15 postoperatively for stent-related symptoms using the Arabic translated and validated ureteral stent symptom questionnaire (USSQ).RESULTS: The total USSQ score as well as general health index was significantly lower in group A as compared to other groups. In addition, urinary symptom index was significantly improved in both groups A and B as compared to group C and group D. Pain symptom index was significantly improved in both groups A and C as compared to groups B and D. No statistically significant difference was reported regarding sexual index and work performance index among the whole study groups.CONCLUSION: Pregabalin appears to be a well-tolerated, safe and effective drug in reducing most of USRS, especially relief of pain with subsequent improvement of patient's quality of life. Its combination with solifenacin should be considered to manage patients with USRS as it shows a significant improvement in total USSQ score and general health index when compared to each drug alone.
|
['Adult', 'Analgesics', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'Flank Pain', 'Hematuria', 'Humans', 'Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pregabalin', 'Prospective Studies', 'Quality of Life', 'Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological', 'Single-Blind Method', 'Solifenacin Succinate', 'Stents', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Ureter', 'Ureteral Calculi', 'Urological Agents']
| 28,260,223
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014', 'D27.505.954.427.040'], ['E02.319.310'], ['C23.888.592.612.386'], ['C12.777.934.442', 'C13.351.968.934.442', 'C23.550.414.849'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.888.942.343'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350.500', 'D12.125.190.350.450'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['C12.294.644', 'C13.351.500.665'], ['E05.318.370.850', 'N05.715.360.325.730', 'N06.850.520.445.850'], ['D03.605.687.900', 'D03.633.100.531.820.594'], ['E07.695.750'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['A05.810.776'], ['C12.777.725.938.500', 'C12.777.967.374.500', 'C12.777.967.500.851', 'C13.351.968.725.938.500', 'C13.351.968.967.374.500', 'C13.351.968.967.500.851', 'C23.300.175.850.750'], ['D27.505.954.944']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
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