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Abstract This article defines the present moment in the anthropology of embodied human communication as a moment of possible fusion between (a) the new conception of the living human body emerging in biology, cognitive science and neuroscience, and sociology and anthropology and (b) the advanced methodology and research... |
. Hutchins and the other by C. Goodwin. Both Hutchins and Goodwin emphasize that semantic and pragmatic meanings of communicative acts are coconstructed in the interaction of the parties involved. As conversation analysts have argued (Sacks et al. 1974), the recipient’s responsive act ultimately determines the significa... |
olpert & Miall 1996) and thus are able to anticipate their trajectories before they have taken their full course. A popular finding related to this research has been the discovery of mirror neurons in rhesus monkeys, which fire not only when the animal executes a grasping motion, but also when it observes one. Mirror neu... |
constituted by joint attention to and engagement with the world of things and begins around the fourth month of life (Trevarthen 1998). Intercorporeality in this sense is a relationship among “incarnate minds which through their bodies belong to the same world” (Merleau-Ponty 1962, p. 172; also see Meyer et al. 2015).... |
a social idiosyncrasy, they are not simply a product of some purely individual, almost completely psychical arrangements and mechanisms” (p. 72). Mauss introduced the term “habitus” to refer to these social idiosyncrasies of the moving body, translating the Aristotelian notion of hexis, “acquired ability” and “faculty... |
the body is capable of performing autonomic and adaptive motions that transcend and innovate habitualized patterns. The very enactment of a practice by an obstinate body entails the possibility of resistance, criticism, and cultural change (Alkemeyer 2004, Noland 2009). Team sports such as volleyball are activities th... |
, does it display the “illocutionary act” (Austin 1962) that the speaker is performing? The “intentional arcs” of gestures point in different directions, each arc implying a different role for the gesture within the moment of sensemaking. Streeck (2009b) distinguishes six “ecologies of gesture”: 1. Hand gestures can in... |
a fine-grained set of distinctions to show how gestures emerge from object-related and interpersonal actions, becoming visual rather than haptic acts, separated from the model by degrees of communicative explicitness and semiotic complexity. Similar methods for abstracting meaningful enactive schemata from everyday act... |
eyesight are developing modes of tactile and haptic sociality and communication. Research on bodily components of the organization of talk in interaction initially focused (a) on gaze (Kendon 1967), i.e., how the sequencing of mutual gaze operates in the turn-by-turn 428 Streeck organization of talk (Goodwin 1979, 198... |
to which the socially organized cognitive system, not the individual, is the unit of analysis for the study of cognitive activity. This system includes not only a network of actors and the media of communication available to them, but also tools and the historically constituted skills coupled www.annualreviews.org • E... |
other are dissipated.” These abstracted gestures can become common currency in a group. “Putting signals into the world of action... creates opportunities for the reuse of emergent structures as communicative forms” (p. 543). The scenario bears a striking resemblance to Mead’s (1909) “conversation of gestures,” both i... |
the ethnomethodological maxim that the analytic task is to explicate, not compete with, common-sense reasoning. As a result, they maintain a “humanist” conception of agency, in line with ordinary languages and the “practical sociological reasoning” (Garfinkel & Sacks 1970) that is sedimented in them. SEMIOTICS OR ECOLO... |
. The message ‘this is play.’ In Group Processes: Transactions of the Second Conference, ed. B Schaffner, pp. 145–242. New York: Josia Macy Jr. Found. Bateson G. 1958 (1936). Naven. Stanford, CA: Stanford Univ. Press. 2nd ed. Bateson G. 1971. Communication. In The Natural History of an Interview, Vol. 95, ed. N McQuown... |
on Mifflin Gibson JJ. 1986. The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Goffman E. 1963. Behavior in Public Places. New York: Free Press Goffman E. 1971. Relations in Public. Microstudies of the Public Order. New York: Basic Books Goodwin C. 1979. The interactive construction of a sente... |
Button 1993, pp. 35–54 Heath C, Luff P. 1996. Convergent activity: line control and passenger information on the London Underground. See Engestr¨om & Middleton 1996, pp. 96–129 Heath C, Luff P. 2012. Embodied action and organizational activity. In The Handbook of Conversation Analysis, ed. J Sidnell, T Stivers, pp. 28... |
. Manual actions, speech and the nature of language. In Origine e sviluppo del linguaggio, fra teoria e storia. Atti del 15 congresso della societ`a di filosofia del linguaggio (Cosenza, 15–17 settembre 2008), ed. D Gambarara, A Givigliano, pp. 19–33. Rome: Aracne Ed. Kendon A, Versante L. 2003. Pointing by hand in “Neap... |
Lived Body?” 2nd, Mainz, Ger. Mondada L. 2009. Emergent focused interactions in public places: a systematic analysis of the multimodal achievement of a common interactional space. J. Pragmat. 41:1977–97 Mondada L. 2011. The organization of concurrent courses of action in surgical demonstrations. See Streeck et al. 201... |
and its gestures. Gesture 2:19–44 Streeck J. 2007. Homo faber’s gestures. Review article on A. Kendon, Gesture: Visible Action as Utterance. J. Linguist. Anthropol. 17:130–40 Streeck J. 2008. Depicting by gestures. Gesture 8(3):285–301 Streeck J. 2009a. Forward-gesturing. Discourse Process. 45(3/4):161–79 Streeck J. 2... |
1964; Lee & Devore 1968; Cartmill 1974; Lovejoy 1981; Carrier 1984; Shipman & Walker 1989; Sussman 1991; Aiello & Wheeler 1995; Leonard & Robertson 1997; Key & Ross 1999; Aiello & Key 2002; Aiello & Wells 2002; Ant´on et al. 2002; Leonard & Ulijaszek 2002; Pontzer & Wrangham 2004; SteudelNumbers 2006; Snodgrass et al.... |
carbon dioxide production can be calculated by subtracting the rate of 2H depletion from the rate of 18O depletion. The rate of carbon dioxide production (moles/day) is converted to TEE (kcal/day) using the food quotient or respiratory quotient, which can be estimated from dietary information or measured via a respiro... |
a large, quality-controlled data set of mammalian BMR, reported considerable variation in the scaling exponent among clades, with exponents for the majority of orders falling between 0.67 and 0.75. For the purposes of this review, it is sufficient to note that BMR does not increase linearly with mass and that larger an... |
The coefficient of variation between subjects is considerably greater, approximately 15% (see Table 1) (Pontzer et al. 2012). In fact, variation in TEE between subjects within a population is considerably greater than the variation between populations, as evident in Table 1. Only 50–75% of the variation in TEE between ... |
.14 Black et al. 1996 Nonambulatory adolescents 11 M, F – – – 1,458 ± 239 1.22 ± 0.18 Black et al. 1996 Extremely high physical activityc,d Tour de France cyclists 4 M 67.8 – – 8,054 ± 143 4.69 ± 0.20 Black et al. 1996, Cooper et al. 2011 Arctic explorers 2 M 62 – 42.5 7,910 ± 358 4.47 ± 0.06 Black et al. 1996, Cooper ... |
energy expenditure, reflecting summed energy requirements of the body’s organ systems at rest. Organs and tissues differ in their resting energy requirements, and expensive tissues such as the brain, gut, kidneys, heart, and liver account for a correspondingly large portion (Elia 1992, Aiello & Wheeler 1995, Wang et al... |
and learning, rather than with the deposition of new brain tissue (brain growth is nearly complete by age 5). Notably, this period of high metabolic activity in the brain corresponds to a period of slow growth in the body overall, strongly suggesting that the high metabolic demands of the developing human brain lead t... |
responses to acute cold and heat exposure have been relatively well studied in laboratory settings, but in normal daily life, clothing, housing, and other cultural innovations greatly reduce thermoregulatory demands. Nonetheless, Leonard and colleagues (2002) showed that circumpolar populations, living in exceptionall... |
. These results indicate that the effects of habitual physical activity are muted by dynamic physiological responses that work to maintain TEE within a narrow range. This constrained TEE model, in turn, suggests that energy allocation among physiological activities is responsive over the long-term to changes in physica... |
clades, even when controlling for body size (Nagy et al. 1999, Pontzer et al. 2014). As discussed above, my collaborators and I have recently shown that primates, including humans, expend only half of the energy expected for a placental mammal of similar body mass (Pontzer et al. 2014) (Figure 1). The magnitude of dif... |
Pontzer et al. 2010, 2014). Changes in TEE—the size of the daily “energy budget”—would hold important implications for reconstructing hominin evolutionary history (Pontzer 2012). Ecophysiological models for increased brain size and reproductive output in hominins have emphasized energetic trade-offs between brain and g... |
: measures of physical activity. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 44:S5–12 182 Pontzer Butte NF, King JC. 2005. Energy requirements during pregnancy and lactation. Public Health Nutr. 8:1010–27 Carrier DR. 1984. The energetic paradox of human running and hominid evolution. Curr. Anthropol. 25:483– 95 Cartmill M. 1974. Rethinkin... |
recreational running is associated with lowered salivary progesterone profiles in women. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 154:1000–3 Ellison PT, Panter-Brick C, Lipson SF, O’Rourke MT. 1993. The ecological context of human ovarian function. Hum. Reprod. 8:2248–58 Emery Thompson M. 2013. Comparative reproductive energetics of hu... |
: effect of meal composition and energy content. Brit. J. Nutr. 64:37–44 Kleiber M. 1947. Body size and metabolic rate. Physiol. Rev. 27:511–41 Klieverik LP, Coomans CP, Endert E, Sauerwein HP, Havekes LM, et al. 2009. Thyroid hormone effects on whole-body energy homeostasis and tissue-specific fatty acid uptake in vivo... |
of free-ranging mammals, reptiles, and birds. Annu. Rev. Nutr. 19:247–77 Nagy KA, Milton K. 1979. Energy metabolism and food consumption by wild howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata). Ecology 60:475–80 Nagy KA, Montgomery GG. 1980. Field metabolic rate, water flux and food consumption in three-toed sloths (Bradypus varieg... |
42:145–52 Rosetta L, Lee PC, Garcia C. 2011. Energetics during reproduction: a doubly labeled water study of lactating baboons. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 144:661–68 Ross R, Janssen I. 2001. Physical activity, total and regional obesity: dose-response considerations. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 33:S521–27 Saito M. 2013. Brow... |
profile. Obes. Res. 9:196–201 Tanner JM, Whitehouse RH, Takaishi M. 1996. Standards from birth to maturity for height, weight, height velocity, and weight velocity: British Children 1965, Part II. Arch. Dis. Child. 41:613–35 Torine IJ, Denne SC, Wright-Coltart S, Leitch C. 2007. Effect of late-onset sepsis on energy ex... |
of these technologies on contemporary archaeological practice. This article reflects on how the democratization and proliferation of HDSM opens various applications and greatly broadens the set of problems being addressed explicitly and directly through shape and place. 347
INTRODUCTION Shape, Space, and Place in Arch... |
, [when] the amount and quality of maps available was minimal” (p. 24). The field reached this state over a series of technological leaps. To focus on the more recent developments in HDSM specific to archaeology, we turn to the literature. There are three striking patterns in the growth of the literature on HDSM in archa... |
2002, Ioannides et al. 2014, Remondino & Campana 2014 Abbreviations: GIS, geographic information systems; GNSS, global navigation satellite system; SfM, structure from motion. 350 Opitz· Limp Much of the early and current literature relevant to archaeology can be found in conference proceedings from organizations such... |
activity patterns and the environment. HDSM studies have been useful in assessing changes in skeletal structures related to the evolution of bipedalism, for example. This approach supports research on important events, including the development of bipedalism, the divergence between population groups, the emergence of ... |
, Haua Fteah in Libya (Douka et al. 2014); lithic scatters such as in Gault, Texas (Waters et al. 2011); and metal production sites such as in Tell Tayinat (Roames 2011). Although it is often done with total station or robotic station mapping, and less frequently with laser-scanning, this work represents an HDSM approa... |
(e.g., Culture 2000, Archaeolandscapes) helped proliferate this approach in Europe. Further institutional drivers, including the Malta Convention (Counc. Eur. 1992), are playing a crucial role in bringing ALS into European archaeology in a heritage-management context. In the Meso-American and Southeast Asian contexts,... |
We recognize the validity of the critique but suggest that the controlled virtual environment provided by HDSM models provides an excellent medium to force ourselves to think spatially and visually through a controlled, singlesensory experience, which while highly artificial provides a useful complement to the full-blo... |
mann 2009), and that, unlike previous attempts at change, the current one can count among its strengths that it is not about sacrificing archaeology for something else (anthropology, philosophy, literary criticism, hard sciences, etc.)[... ]. Rather it is about having trust in our own project and in what archaeologists ... |
Implications for Practice and Theory 357 is better served if claims about the past can be evaluated in terms of appropriate use of evidence to support arguments and interpretations” (p. 100). This potential for reuse is being realized. A particular interesting suite of examples of digital reuse are those that utilize ... |
to a sequence of observe, interpret/abstract, measure, record, analyze. HDSM breaks us out of this process in two ways. First, it pushes us toward a recursive and reflexive engagement with the data, in which we observe, record, measure, analyze, and abstract/interpret repeatedly and in varying order. Second, anyone who... |
��cial intelligence approach. See Elewa 2010, pp. 93– 156 Barratt G, Gaffney V, Goodchild H, Wilkes S. 2000. Survey at Wroxeter using carrier phase, differential GPS surveying techniques. Archaeol. Prospect. 7(2):133–43 Beach TP, Luzzadder-Beach S. 2008. Geoarchaeology and aggradation around Kinet H¨oy¨uk, an archaeolo... |
P. 2012. Applying historic landscape characterization in spatial planning: from remnants to remanence. Plan. Pract. Res. 27(4):459–74 Donahue B, Wentzel J, Berg R. 2013. Guidelines for RTK/RTN GNSS Surveying in Canada. Gen. Inf. Prod. 100E. Ottawa/Hull, Can.: Surv. Gen. Branch, Natl. Res. Counc. Can. ftp://ftp.nrcan.g... |
Ser. No. 5) Georges-Leroy M, Bock J, Dambrine ´E, Dupouey JL. 2012. Apport du lidar `a la connaissance de l’histoire de l’occupation du sol en forˆet de Haye. Arch´eoSciences 1:117–29 Gilboa A, Tal A, Shimshoni I, Kolomenkin M. 2013. Computer-based, automatic recording and illustration of complex archaeological artifa... |
2011. Developing a 3-D digital heritage ecosystem: From object to representation and the role of a virtual museum in the 21st century. Internet Archaeol. Issue 30. http://intarch.ac.uk/journal/issue30/limp_toc.html Limp W (Fred), Barnes A. 2014. Solving the grid-to-ground problem when using high precision GNSS in arch... |
lesland D, with the West Heslerton Team. 1998. The West Heslerton Assessment. Internet Archaeol. Issue 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.11141/ia.5.4 Powlesland D, May K. 2010. Excavations in Heslerton: DigIT approaches to digital recording. Internet Archaeol. Issue 27 Ravanel L, Bodin X, Deline P. 2014. Using terrestrial laser ... |
Fed. Emerg. Manag. Agency). 2011. Publicly available lidar point cloud data (map). Natl. Map, USGS, Reston, VA. http://nationalmap.gov/ 3DEP/documents/lidar_point_cloud.pdf Van Genechten B. 2008. Theory and practice on terrestrial laser scanning: training material based on practical applications. In Learning Tools for ... |
cult, and painful and is burdened by a notable risk of trauma and mortality to mother and infant (Dolea & AbouZahr 2003, WHO 2005). It is an extraordinary event among sexually reproducing organisms. To determine when childbirth became difficult, we should first consider the causes. These include a number of factors; howe... |
joy et al. 2009) remains unknown. It is possible that a humanlike pattern of fetal rotation began in H. erectus (Chene et al. 2014), but the trait was not necessarily retained in some Neanderthals (Weaver & Hublin 2009). Owing to the incomplete fossil record, the evolution of fetal rotation continues to elude paleoanth... |
in the latter stages of gestation contributes to neonatal size (Kuzawa 1998, Aiello & Wells 2002, Cunnane & Crawford 2003). And although hominin adiposity likely increased with encephalization, beginning most notably with H. erectus, it is possible that large neonatal size began even earlier in hominin history than th... |
and/or assistance would have become necessary (Rosenberg & Trevathan 1995). Even with a more complete fossil record, it is not easy to imagine how to reconstruct whether and how extinct hominins assisted one another in childbirth beyond the social support that might be universal among anthropoid primates. Although we ... |
��cantly impact human growth. Finally, documented social behavior associated with nonhuman primate births weakens our ability to infer uniquely human social behavior at birth based on hominin pelvic morphology. 60 Dunsworth· Eccleston DOES DIFFICULT CHILDBIRTH HAVE SOMETHING TO DO WITH INFANT HELPLESSNESS? The OD hypot... |
1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1,000 0 5 10 15 20 25 Months postconception BIRTH Figure 2 Metabolic constraint on gestation length and fetal size. Fetal energy demands (blue circles) increase exponentially during gestation. Maternal energy expenditure (red squares) rises during the first two ... |
maternal metabolic stress is a solid hypothesis for what initiates the birth process. It is not clear whether it will be possible to demonstrate that the bipedal pelvis has truncated gestation or fetal growth, resulting in the birth of underdeveloped neonates. Factors that contribute to childbirth difficulty—such as ove... |
labor and parturition will be insightful. Pregnancy and lactation energetics will be keys to understanding whether a species is gestating and nursing to a metabolic and/or energetic maximum or whether it is altering gestation and fetal growth and lactation compared with predictions. Without increasing our ability to m... |
performed the work we discussed here, we are grateful. www.annualreviews.org • Difficult Childbirth and Helpless Infants 65 LITERATURE CITED Abitol MM. 1987. Obstetrics and posture in pelvic anatomy. J. Hum. Evol. 16(3):243–55 Abitol MM. 1993. Adjustment of the fetal head and adult pelvis in modern humans. Hum. Evol. 8... |
Falk D, Zollikofer CPE, Moromoto N, Ponce de Leon MS. 2012. Metopic suture of Taung (Australopithecus africanus) and its implications for hominin brain evolution. PNAS 109:8467–70 Figlio D, Guryan J, Karbownik K, Roth J. 2014. The effects of poor neonatal health on children’s cognitive development. Work. Pap. Ser, Ins... |
al. 2009. The pelvis and femur of Ardipithecus ramidus: the emergence of upright walking. Science 326:71 Martin RD. 1983. Human Brain Evolution in an Ecological Context. Fifty-Second James Arthur Lect. Evol. Hum. Brain. New York: Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. Martin RD. 1996. Scaling of the mammalian brain: the maternal energy ... |
1089–92 Tague RG. 2011. Fusion of coccyx to sacrum in humans: prevalence, correlates, and the effect on pelvic size, with obstetrical and evolutionary implications. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 145:426–37 Tague RG, Lovejoy CO. 1986. The obstetric pelvis of A. L. 288–1 (Lucy). J. Hum. Evol. 15:237–94 Thompson ME. 2013. Compa... |
Leah EcclestonAbstract The turn to ontology, often associated with the recent works of Philippe Descola, Eduardo Viveiros de Castro, and Bruno Latour, but evident in many other places as well, is, in Elizabeth Povinelli’s formulation, “symptomatic” and “diagnostic” of something. It is, I here argue, a response to the ... |
to or the development of more or less consistent and identifiable styles or forms of thought that change our ideas about the nature of reality. Metaphysics is thus concerned with concepts. Crucially, 312 Kohn a metaphysics is not necessarily an epistemology. That is, it is not necessarily concerned with knowledge and i... |
ational, or correlational turn in philosophy. That turn, often associated with Immanuel Kant, shifts philosophical attention away from questions about the substance of the world to those conditions under which humans know or represent the world (Meillassoux 2008). In the social sciences and anthropology, beginning with... |
I argue that doing this is crucial for anthropology because it reveals how so many of our conceptual assumptions (e.g., about difference, context, relationality, and commensurability) are drawn from language and its properties, even in posthumanist approaches. As I argue, getting right this relationship of language to... |
give explanatory priority to one actor or entity over another; its metaphysical correlate would be a “flat ontology” (Bryant 2011): The world is the product of many kinds of agencies, none of which is necessarily more important than any other. ANT seeks to overcome the mind/body dualism by assuming that everything has ... |
insistence that the apparently infinitely diverse ways in which people live in relation to others are the product of more finite ways of apprehending and construing these relations. For Descola (2013), these constraints are cognitive and logical (cf. L´evy-Bruhl 1926). One understands others (whether human or nonhuman) ... |
ch house, etc., but he will be seen by other kinds of beings, such as humans (under normal circumstances) and prey animals, from an external “It” perspective, namely as a predatory being. Thus, from their own perspectives, all beings see things in the same way—similar to humans, jaguars see themselves drinking manioc b... |
2012), derived “otherwise” to (although not necessarily outside) our metaphysics (Povinelli 2012). Critics of Viveiros de Castro have emphasized the excessive generalization of his high structuralist framework: Not all Amazonians, let alone “Amerindians,” are perspectivists (Turner 2009, Ramos 2012). Critics have also ... |
it is valid to examine what emerges once such a metaphysics is dead (Bessire 2014), doing so is not Viveiros de Castro’s political project. One can ask whether it is appropriate to make multinaturalism the sole metaphysics alter to the Western one, and Descola’s Beyond Nature and Culture is an attempt to show that oth... |
and what they may have to contribute. Latour’s project is, as his book’s subtitle indicates, an “anthropology of the moderns.” This is an anthropology of Western institutions—science, law, and religion are important ones—that have their own metaphysics and their own ways of instituting beings. By diplomatically redesc... |
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Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press Descola P. 2014. Modes of being and forms of predication. HAU 4:271–80 Descola P, P´alsson G, eds. 1996. Nature and Society: Anthropological Perspectives. New York: Routledge Diamond C. 2008. The difficulty of reality and the difficulty of philosophy. In Philosophy and Animal Life, ed. S Cav... |
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ontological turn within anthropology. Philos. Soc. Sci. 43:3–23 Pandian A. 2015. Reel World: An Anthropology of Creation. Durham, NC: Duke Univ. Press Pandolfo S. 2007. The burning: finitude and the politico-theological imagination of illegal migration. Anthropol. Theory 7:329–63 Pandolfo S. 2008. The knot of the soul:... |
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; (c) qualia are indexes that materialize phenomenally as sensuous qualities; and (d ) qualia provide a methodological link between general anthropological understandings of practice and a technical semiotic approach to pragmatics. Let me explain each of these points in turn. In contemporary anthropology, one can modif... |
subfield of pragmatics (i.e., the indexical mode of language), propositional referring expressions become themselves analyzable as instances of complex, situated social action that are appropriate—or not—to the contexts in which they occur. Our recognition of the indexical basis of language has had further consequences... |
in very fundamental ways” (Bauman 1983, p. 55). Among Ilongot who had converted to Christianity, eschewing “curvy” speech with words “soft and sweet as ripened fruit” in favor of “straight” speech, with its potential to produce “words like arrows,” was a way of indexically displaying “new knowledge” (Rosaldo 1984). Am... |
showing how social attachment and avoidance, and familiarity and strangeness, are established by actively managing the qualia of the tactile, the visual, the edible, and the verbal as media for kinship, friendship, and other relations. Focusing on the quality of otherness or alterity as it emerges and is managed in pr... |
, p. 174) The qualia of divine phatic sociality and presence thus serve as key semiotic anchors of religious practice across culturally conceptualized domains of experience (Coleman 2011, Engelke 2007, Luhrmann 2012). The “bundling” (Keane 2003) of qualities through the affective qualia of phatic practice is evident, f... |
matics of culturally interpreted drinking practices. In this vein, the qualia of comestibles in culinary-gustatory practices in particular serve as crucial pragmatic signals for orienting to and manipulating things “out there in the world”: the “luminosity, liquidity, spreadibility, durability” of olive oil in religiou... |
sensory attunements to specific idealized qualities among Muslims, incorporating a “constellation of sensory aptitudes and practices” (Hirschkind 2006, p. 21), and oily substances and bodily secretions serve as forms of truth making and divine witnessing among Coptic Christians (Heo 2013). In everyday bodily practices,... |
ally, consider Feld’s (1994, p. 119) observation that “timbre, the building blocks of sound quality, and texture, the composite, realized experiential feel of the sound mass in motion, are not mere ornaments but dominate melodico-rhythmic syntax in ‘lift-up-over sounding,’” a key feature of Kaluli sung polyphony that a... |
wailing of Inner Maniat women over the death of kin (Seremetakis 1991). Earlier generations of Worora and related peoples in the Northern Kimberley of Australia experienced “out-of-the-ordinary qualitative feelings monitored on the inside—tingling, cramp, throbbing, shooting or dull pain, etc.” as momentary “body amul... |
h]owever much the social theorist, ethnographer, historian, or political activist may want to take seriously other people’s self-consciousness, we cannot assume in advance that this self-consciousness will coincide with what we would take to be a convincing account of their actions and the consequences that follow from... |
–73 Barrett R, Webster A, Huumo T. 2014. Introduction: ideophones between grammar and poetry. Pragmat. Soc. 5:335–40 Bate B. 2009. Tamil Oratory and the Dravidian Aesthetic: Democratic Practice in South India. New York: Columbia Univ. Press Bauman R. 1983. Let Your Words Be Few: Symbolism and Silence Among Seventeenth ... |
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and Georgian modernity. J. Linguist. Anthropol. 21:78–98 NozawaS.2013.Characterization.Semiot. Rev.3.http://www.semioticreview.com/pdf/open2013/nozawa_ characterization.pdf Nozawa S. 2015. Phatic traces: sociality in contemporary Japan. Anthropol. Q. 88:373–400 Ochs E. 1992. Indexing gender. In Rethinking Context: Lan... |
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Tech University student and rape victim Michele Mallin mistakenly identified 26-year-old Timothy Cole as her attacker, first from a photograph, then in a police lineup. Cole would later die in prison after serving 13 years of a 25-year sentence for a crime he did not commit (see http://www.innocenceproject.org/Content/T... |
, convicting an innocent man. WHORFIANISM If language can imperceptibly constrain or channel our thoughts in ways like this, it raises a counterintuitive challenge to our sense of free will. Do our trains of thought run on tracks laid by language, such that each different language takes our thoughts to a different plac... |
��nding a marriage partner. Once you have locked on to the problem (e.g., Which one to choose?), your next step is to find ways to narrow the search for an appropriate solution and “lock off ” by making the decision that yields the best balance: desired benefit for lowest cost. And a decision should be made without unnec... |
speak. This is pretty much what Whorf and his predecessors were suggesting. As Edward Sapir, Whorf ’s teacher at Yale, wrote, “[T]he language habits of our community predispose certain choices of interpretation” (Sapir 1949, p. 162). On this view, the study of different languages, especially of those that are most dif... |
p. 292), for example, suggests that there are “three types or levels” of linguistic relativity (Table 1; see also Lucy 1992, 1996). Bloom & Keil (2001, pp. 352–53) identify four loci at which distinctions can be made; there is partial overlap with Lucy’s (1997) taxonomy (Table 2). Wolff & Holmes (2011, p. 254) disting... |
ically framed, with a focus on the referential functions of words and other linguistic signs. Restricting the scope in this way has delivered valuable progress. But it is time to consider the larger space of things that could or should be regarded as instances of linguistic relativity. Several important contributions t... |
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