Initial upload: 125k kernel vulnerabilities

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README.md

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+---
+license: mit
+task_categories:
+  - text-classification
+language:
+  - en
+tags:
+  - linux-kernel
+  - security
+  - vulnerabilities
+  - code
+  - bugs
+  - software-engineering
+pretty_name: Linux Kernel Vulnerability Dataset
+size_categories:
+  - 100K<n<1M
+---
+
+# Linux Kernel Vulnerability Dataset
+
+**125,183 bug-introducing commits** mined from 20 years of Linux kernel git history (2005-2025).
+
+## Dataset Description
+
+This dataset maps every kernel bug fix with a `Fixes:` tag back to the commit that introduced the bug. It enables research on:
+
+- **Vulnerability detection**: Train models to identify bug-introducing commits
+- **Bug lifetime analysis**: Study how long different bug types persist
+- **Subsystem risk assessment**: Identify which kernel subsystems have the longest-lived bugs
+- **Developer patterns**: Analyze who introduces and fixes bugs
+
+### Key Statistics
+
+| Metric | Value |
+|--------|-------|
+| Total bug-fix pairs | 125,183 |
+| Valid records (0 < lifetime < 27 years) | 123,696 |
+| Average bug lifetime | 2.1 years |
+| Median bug lifetime | 0.7 years |
+| Longest-lived bug | 20.7 years |
+| Bugs hiding 5+ years | 13.5% |
+| Unique fixing commits | 119,449 |
+| Unique bug-introducing authors | 9,159 |
+| With CVE ID | 158 |
+| With Cc: stable | 27,875 (22%) |
+
+## Dataset Structure
+
+### Data Fields
+
+| Column | Type | Description |
+|--------|------|-------------|
+| `fixing_commit` | string | SHA of the commit that fixed the bug |
+| `introducing_commit` | string | SHA of the commit that introduced the bug |
+| `lifetime_days` | int | Days between introduction and fix |
+| `subsystem` | string | Kernel subsystem (networking, drivers, fs, etc.) |
+| `bug_type` | string | Detected bug type (race-condition, null-deref, etc.) |
+| `fix_subject` | string | Commit message subject of the fix |
+| `fixing_date` | datetime | When the fix was committed |
+| `introducing_date` | datetime | When the bug was introduced |
+| `files_changed` | string | Files modified in introducing commit |
+| `insertions` | int | Lines added in introducing commit |
+| `deletions` | int | Lines removed in introducing commit |
+| `cve_id` | string | CVE ID if mentioned in fix commit (nullable) |
+| `cc_stable` | bool | Whether fix was tagged for stable backport |
+| `fix_author` | string | Author of the fix |
+| `intro_author` | string | Author who introduced the bug |
+
+### Subsystem Distribution
+
+| Subsystem | Count | Avg Lifetime |
+|-----------|-------|--------------|
+| drivers | 38,412 | 2.3 years |
+| networking | 6,079 | 2.9 years |
+| gpu | 5,212 | 1.4 years |
+| filesystem | 4,891 | 2.6 years |
+| sound | 3,847 | 2.1 years |
+| usb | 2,505 | 3.5 years |
+| memory | 2,459 | 1.8 years |
+| bpf | 959 | 1.1 years |
+
+### Bug Type Distribution
+
+| Bug Type | Count | Avg Lifetime |
+|----------|-------|--------------|
+| null-deref | 4,931 | 2.2 years |
+| use-after-free | 2,963 | 3.2 years |
+| memory-leak | 2,846 | 3.1 years |
+| refcount | 2,209 | 2.8 years |
+| deadlock | 1,683 | 2.2 years |
+| race-condition | 1,188 | 5.1 years |
+| buffer-overflow | 399 | 3.1 years |
+| integer-overflow | 298 | 3.9 years |
+
+## Collection Methodology
+
+### Mining Process
+
+1. Clone Linux kernel repository at v6.19-rc3
+2. Run `git log --grep="Fixes:"` to find all fixing commits
+3. Extract the referenced commit hash from each `Fixes:` tag using regex
+4. Retrieve metadata (dates, authors, files) from both commits
+5. Classify subsystem from file paths using 70+ regex patterns
+6. Detect bug type from commit message keywords
+7. Calculate lifetime as `fixing_date - introducing_date`
+
+### Extraction Code
+
+```python
+import re
+
+def extract_fixes_tag(commit_msg: str) -> str | None:
+    """Extract the commit ID from a Fixes: tag"""
+    pattern = r'Fixes:\s*([a-f0-9]{12,40})'
+    match = re.search(pattern, commit_msg, re.IGNORECASE)
+    return match.group(1) if match else None
+```
+
+### Filtering
+
+- Excluded commits where `Fixes:` tag points to non-existent hash
+- Excluded merge commits
+- For lifetime analysis: excluded same-day fixes (lifetime_days = 0)
+- For lifetime analysis: excluded outliers (lifetime > 10,000 days)
+
+## Limitations
+
+- **Selection bias**: Only ~28% of fix commits use `Fixes:` tags. Well-documented bugs (likely more serious) are overrepresented.
+- **Mainline only**: Doesn't include bugs fixed only in stable branches or vendor kernels.
+- **Subsystem classification**: Heuristic-based on file paths; some bugs span multiple subsystems.
+- **Bug type detection**: Keyword-based; many bugs classified as "unknown".
+- **Timestamp accuracy**: Uses author dates, not commit dates. Rebasing can skew.
+
+## Intended Uses
+
+### Recommended
+
+- Training vulnerability detection models (e.g., VulnBERT)
+- Analyzing bug lifetime patterns across subsystems
+- Studying the evolution of kernel security over time
+- Research on code review and testing effectiveness
+
+### Out of Scope
+
+- Direct exploit development (commits don't include full code context)
+- Claiming completeness of kernel vulnerability data
+
+## Citation
+
+```bibtex
+@dataset{qu2026kernelvuln,
+  author = {Qu, Jenny Guanni},
+  title = {Linux Kernel Vulnerability Dataset},
+  year = {2026},
+  publisher = {HuggingFace},
+  url = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/quguanni/kernel-vuln-dataset}
+}
+```
+
+## License
+
+MIT License
+
+## Contact
+
+- **Author**: Jenny Guanni Qu
+- **Email**: jenny@pebblebed.com
+- **Blog post**: [Kernel bugs hide for 2 years on average](https://pebblebed.com/blog/kernel-bugs)

vuln_commits_full.csv

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