Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the legal difference between laches and waiver?

### Response:
In legal parlance, laches is a defense which when raised implies the plaintiff caused inordinate delay, was part of the act of which it complains or caused prejudice to a defendant due to any delay. The Statute of Limitations is a common example of laches where a plaintiff is precluded from bringing an action due to inordinate delay.

A defense of waiver claims that the plaintiff knowingly and intentionally signed away, relinquished or otherwise abandoned the right which it claims was violated by the defendant. A common example of a waiver is when one engages in a dangerous act for pleasure such as sky diving or rock climbing. The instructor or facility would have the purchaser sign a waiver for bodily harm suffered from engaging in the dangerous act.

Both defenses are affirmative defenses and must be raised for them to take effect. It is important to note that affirmative defenses can themselves fall to laches and waiver.


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### Instruction:
Name some television shows that were popular on Nickelodeon in the 1990s.

### Response:
Rugrats, Clarissa Explains it All, Are You Afraid of the Dark?, Aaahh!!! Real Monsters, Hey Dude, The Wild Thornberries, Rocko's Modern Life


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What does quantitative easing mean?

### Response:
Quantitative Easing, or QE is a policy action taken by the central bank to increase the amount of money in circulation with the goal of stimulating economic activity. The central bank achieves this by purchasing a predetermined amount of purchasing government bonds. Money is 'created' through this process.


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### Instruction:
Where is the city of Nasimerice

### Input:
Našiměřice (German: Aschmeritz) is a municipality and village in Znojmo District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Našiměřice lies approximately 28 kilometres (17 mi) north-east of Znojmo, 32 km (20 mi) south-west of Brno, and 189 km (117 mi) south-east of Prague.

### Response:
Nasimerice (German: Aschmeritz) is a municipality and village in Znojmo District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Nasimerice lies approximately 28 kilometres (17 mi) north-east of Znojmo, 32 km (20 mi) south-west of Brno, and 189 km (117 mi) south-east of Prague.


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### Instruction:
Why do people enjoy wearing Patagonia jackets?

### Response:
Patagonia branded jackets provide warmth to the wearer as well as act as fashionable styling in today's culture. The coats are lightweight and easy to pack in bags or suitcases, making them amenable for use when traveling or camping. The Patagonia corporation also donates profits heavily to charity which appeals to many consumers on the market today.


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### Instruction:
Who is Gordon Lightfoot?

### Response:
Gordon Lightfoot is a Canadian musician. He is well-known for his relaxing acoustic music. Gordon achieved peak popularity in the 1970's and 80's as a star in the folk music scene. His contemporaries were Jim Croce, John Denver, and Bob Dylan. Three of Gordon's most popular hits are: "Sundown", "The Wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald", and "If You Could Read my Mind".


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### Instruction:
What's the difference between facts and truth?

### Response:
Facts are pieces of information that are verifiable and based on empirical evidence whereas truth, although a related concept is related to a subjective perception or belief of what is a fact and does not always require evidence. An example would be a question about whether aliens exists. Many have a personal belief that aliens do exists, but since no empirical evidence exists upon which society can reach a consensus that they do truly exist. Someone may say that they are speaking truth when they say that aliens exists, however this is more likely just based on their belief which is unsupported by evidence (assuming in this example that the person making this statement has no empirical evidence). In this example someone who says they believe aliens do exist, believes they are speaking the truth but that does not make it a fact.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Tell me whether these are birds or bugs: termites, ants, cockroaches.

### Response:
This is a list of bugs, not birds.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Classify each of the following as a eukaryote or prokaryote: E. Coli, worm, grouper, algae, salmonella, porcupine

### Response:
E. Coli: Prokaryote
Worm: Eukaryote
Grouper: Eukaryote
Algae: Eukaryote
Salmonella: Prokaryote
Porcupine: Eukaryote


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### Instruction:
Who is Carlos Andres Perez?

### Input:
Carlos Andrés Pérez Rodríguez (27 October 1922 – 25 December 2010)[1] also known as CAP and often referred to as El Gocho (due to his Andean origins), was a Venezuelan politician and the president of Venezuela from 12 March 1974 to 12 March 1979 and again from 2 February 1989 to 21 May 1993. He was one of the founders of Acción Democrática, the dominant political party in Venezuela during the

### Response:
Carlos Andrés Pérez Rodríguez (27 October 1922 – 25 December 2010)[1] also known as CAP and often referred to as El Gocho (due to his Andean origins), was a Venezuelan politician and the president of Venezuela from 12 March 1974 to 12 March 1979 and again from 2 February 1989 to 21 May 1993. He was one of the founders of Acción Democrática, the dominant political party in Venezuela during the second half of the twentieth century.

His first presidency was known as the Saudi Venezuela due to its economic and social prosperity thanks to enormous income from petroleum exportation. However, his second presidency saw a continuation of the economic crisis of the 1980s, a series of social crises, widespread riots known as Caracazo and two coup attempts in 1992. In May 1993 he became the first Venezuelan president to be forced out of office by the Supreme Court on charges for the embezzlement of 250 million bolívars (roughly 2.7 million US dollars)[2] belonging to a presidential discretionary fund, whose money was used to support the electoral process in Nicaragua and hire bodyguards for President Violeta Chamorro.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What's a good time of year to visit Seattle?

### Response:
The best time of year to visit Seattle is in the summer. The weather is nicest from June to September, and there are many outdoor activities to enjoy. However, there is lots to do all year. For example, in spring many visitors come to the University of Washington campus to see cherry blossoms. The nearby tulip festival in the Skagit Valley is another popular spring attraction.


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### Instruction:
Provide a list of your 5 dream cars

### Response:
1. 49 Mercury Coup
2. 67 Camera
3. Ferrari California
4. Lamborghini Diablo
5. Jeep Grand Wagoneer


Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How far is Hornowek from Izabelin?

### Input:
Hornówek [xɔrˈnuvɛk] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Izabelin, within Warsaw West County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.[1] It lies approximately 2 kilometres (1 mi) south-west of Izabelin, 8 km (5 mi) north of Ożarów Mazowiecki, and 16 km (10 mi) north-west of Warsaw.

### Response:
Hornowek is roughly 2 kilometers (1 mile) south west of Izabelin.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Identify which instrument is string or woodwind: Agiarut, Piccolo

### Response:
Agiarut is string, Piccolo is woodwind.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is freedom?

### Response:
Freedom is what you make out of it. The dictionary could provide you with one definition but at a personal level freedom for me means to be able to walk in to a coffee shop at a time I would like, express my thoughts and have the money to pay for that coffee.


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### Instruction:
What are the top 3 TV shows you have binge watched and why?

### Response:
Hands down, my favorite series was The Americans. As someone who grew up in the 1980's, I could identify with the clothing and hair styles, the decor, and the dearth of real-time communication options (no internet, no email, no mobile phones, etc.). The limited communication modes is what led to secret information drop locations in this era, which were a common insurance in the show. But more importantly, I remember the feeling of growing up in the time of the Cold War. We were still having scheduled air raid drills in my grammar school as often as we'd have fire drills! As children, we were convinced that nuclear war was going to happen someday, even if the adults tried to tell us that it wasn't. Growing up about 25 miles from New York City, I was pretty sure that I'd be gone within seconds of a nuclear strike to the city. My next favorite has been Yellowstone. This is a show that seems to appeal to almost everyone because it has plenty of beautiful Western scenes (Montana), family drama, and battles between flawed characters.  This series is still ongoing and I can't wait for the next set of episodes to be released! I'd have to say my third favorite is Billions. It's a series from several years ago that we just happened upon. We are in season 2 of 5 or 6 total seasons, and I am riveted by the characters, especially Bobby Axelrod (Ax), and Chuck and Wendy Rhoades. They are all so intense and engrossed in what they do, so it makes for very interesting interactions and plot twists! And I have to give an Honorable Mention to Perry Mason. While this is a very new series, I absolutely love this period drama so far. The creators have based many of the episodes on similar actual events from this period (the 1930s). It is very difficult to watch Della Street, who is insanely smart and charming, be relegated to the 'brains behind the guy' (Perry Mason) because it's the 1930s. Thanks for reading! I enjoyed brainstorming my favorites and sharing them.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
List the colors of the rainbow

### Response:
Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and purple


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Name the planets in the solar system, in the order of distance from the sun

### Response:
The planets in the solar system in order of distance from the sun are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus.


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### Instruction:
Which episode of season two of Game of Thrones did Alik Sakharov direct?

### Response:
Alik Sakharov directed the third episode of season 2 of Game of Thrones called "What is Dead May Never Die."


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
I'm thinking about joining the military to help pay for college.  What are my options, and what do you recommend?

### Response:
The military can help pay for college in a few different ways.  If you are already planning to go to a specific school, you can check to see if they have a Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) unit at the school and apply for an ROTC scholarship.  An ROTC scholarship can help pay for most of your college degree, and you will have the option to join an active or reserve unit after college is complete.  You will likely owe about 4 years of service as an officer in return for the scholarship.  Another option is to go to a military academy.  Military academies provide full tuition in exchange for 5 years of service as an officer after graduation.  Finally, you could enlist in the military, serve 3-4 years as an enlisted soldier, and then use the G.I. Bill to attend college afterward.  The best choice for you depends on your college preferences, your financial situation, and the timeline on which you want to earn your college degree.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Which weighs more: a shipping container, a couch or a espresso machine?

### Response:
A shipping container weighs the most


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is a proper noun?

### Response:
A proper noun is a noun that identifies an entity and is used to reference that entity. For example, India is a proper noun.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the difference between a hazard and out of bounds on a golf course?

### Response:
On a golf course, out of bounds areas are marked with white stakes that denote the property boundary of the course. Hazards are marked with red stakes that denote a penalty area within the property of the course (e.g., water, marsh).

When a ball is hit out of bounds, the golfer is penalized one shot and is required to hit the ball again from the same spot. When a ball it hit in a hazard, the golfer is also penalized one shot, but has the option to hit the next shot from the same spot or from the point where the ball crossed the hazard boundary.


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### Instruction:
From the passage identify the symbols of Persephone. Display the results in a comma separated format.

### Input:
Persephone (Περσεφόνη, Persephónē)

Queen of the Underworld, wife of Hades and daughter of Demeter and Zeus. Her symbols include the pomegranate, grain, torches, wheat and the asphodelus. After her abduction by Hades, she was forced to split the year between the world of the dead with her husband and the world of the living with her mother. She was worshipped in

### Response:
pomegranate, grain, torches, wheat, the asphodelus


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Classify the following habits as healthy or unhealthy.
1) Smoke
2) Exercise
3) Take Breaks
4) Drink Alcohol

### Response:
Smoking and drinking alcohol can be very dangerous to your health so it is a good example of unhealthy habits. Exercise and take breaks during the day can be considered healthy to your body.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Come up with a marriage proposal in a holiday at Sicily.

### Response:
In the summer breeze of southern Italy waiting for sunset at the beach. Sipping through Italian wine warmed by the yellow sun, the guy brings out a ring along with a bouquet of red roses. This takes the heart out of the girl, she feels like she is melting and accepts the offer.


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### Instruction:
Can you please divide these fruit and vegetables into red and green colors. Some can be either red or green, so list those as 'both red and green varieties'. Here is the list: cherries, raspberries, lettuce, celery cherries, strawberries, apples, peppers, cabbage, beans, kale, tomatoes, capsicum, raspberries, celery, spinach.

### Response:
Lettuce, celery cherries, beans, kale, celery and spinach are all green-colored. Cherries, raspberries and strawberries are red-colored. Apples, peppers, cabbage, tomatoes and capsicum have both red and green varieties.


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### Instruction:
Given the paragraph above paragraph, what is the PMP and who established the exam.

### Input:
Project Management Professional (PMP) is an internationally recognized professional designation offered by the Project Management Institute (PMI). As of 31 July 2020, there are 1,036,368 active PMP-certified individuals and 314 chartered chapters across 214 countries and territories worldwide.

The exam is one of eight credentials offered by PMI and is based on the ECO PMP Examination Content Outline. Most of the questions reference

### Response:
PMP stands for Project Management Professional, and it was established by the Project Management Institute (PMI). The PMP is a professional certification for project managers that is recognized internationally. The PMP is based on the ECO PMP Examination Content Outline.


Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is Brownism?

### Input:
In British politics, Brownism is the political ideology of the former Prime Minister and leader of the Labour Party Gordon Brown and those that follow him. Proponents of Brownism are referred to as Brownites. Brownites tend to be less enthusiastic about market driven reforms such as tuition fees and foundation hospitals and more keen on the role of the state, less critical of Labour's links to the unions and critical of media management

### Response:
In British politics, Brownism is the political ideology of the former Prime Minister and leader of the Labour Party Gordon Brown and those that follow him. Brownites tend to be less enthusiastic about market driven reforms such as tuition fees and foundation hospitals and more keen on the role of the state, less critical of Labour's links to the unions and critical of media management techniques such as the use of spin doctors


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### Instruction:
Why do humans like cats?

### Response:
Cats are very popular pets. People like cats for different reasons, but cats are known to be very affectionate to their owners and help to relieve stress. Cats are natural hunters particularly of birds. Bird populations are often endangered in areas where there are stray or outdoor domestic cats. Despite their popularity, not everyone enjoys the company of cats. Some people are allergic to most cats.


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### Instruction:
What are all the possible answers from the magic 8 ball?

### Response:
The magic 8 ball has twenty possible answers. These are divided into three general categories: positive, negative, and neutral.

Positive:
It is certain.
It is decidedly so.
Without a doubt.
Yes definitely.
You may rely on it.
As I see it, yes.
Most likely.
Outlook good.
Yes.
Signs point to yes.

Negative:
Don't count on it.
My reply is no.
My sources say no.
Outlook not so good.
Very doubtful.

Neutral:
Reply hazy, try again.
Ask again later.
Better not tell you now.
Cannot predict now.
Concentrate and ask again.


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### Instruction:
Can I unilaterally change terms of a contract?

### Response:
The general rule is no. If a party were allowed to unilaterally change the term of a contract, there may be no value in having a contract in the first place as an obvious change would be to change what a party has promised in the contract to little or nothing at all. This would erode any value of having a contract in the first place. However, there are contracts that allow a party to unilaterally change certain terms of the contract but they should not take away the substantial benefit of the contract from the other party or parties. If a party has agreed to allow the other to vary any of the terms of the contract, this is not ideal and the implications would depend on the extent and nature of the variations made. It is therefore prudent for both parties to avoid provisions to allow unilateral changes to the contract or at the very least, expressly limit the scope of unilateral changes.


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### Instruction:
What are the five best Kim Stanley Robinson novels?

### Response:
1) Aurora - a unique and depressing take on interstellar colonization.
2) The Years of Rice and Salt - the Iroquois team up with a samurai warrior in the 17th Century.
3) Red Mars -  the descriptions of life in the early days of Martian colonization are fascinating.
4) 2312 - after reading this book, you will want to live inside an asteroid.  Somehow, Kim Stanley Robinson turned space into 1970s Berkley, CA.
5) The Ministry for the Future - a scary but very hopeful book about global warming.


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### Instruction:
Is my children's school information available to anyone on the Internet?

### Response:
Although the website is accessible over the internet, access to your student’s information is secured by a username and password. Parents can view information about their children only. They cannot access the records of other students. The application is hosted within your children's school district infrastructure – no third-party vendor is hosting this.


Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Given this paragraph about video game consoles, what was the first console?

### Input:
The history of video game consoles, both home and handheld, had their origins in the 1970s. The concept of home consoles used to play games on a television set was founded by the 1972 Magnavox Odyssey, first conceived by Ralph H. Baer in 1966. Handheld consoles bore out from electro-mechanical games that had used mechanical controls and light-emitting diodes (LED) as visual indicators. Handheld

### Response:
The Magnavox Odyssey in 1972


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### Instruction:
How can one loose weight

### Response:
There are several ways to shed some pounds which include having a balanced diet which is low in fats and carbohydrates, regular workouts or sports activities like running, brisk walking, swimming and hitting the gym etc. Yoga is also a good alternative to attain a healthy lifestyle and keep your weight in check. Some people use mobile applications to record their daily calorie intake and try to eat little less than the daily recommended calories.


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### Instruction:
Give me a list of some of the core beliefs in Stoicism

### Response:
1. It is important to live according to Nature for a smooth flowing life.
2. Happiness is found in Virtue, our values and choices.
3. We can only control our internal world, i.e. thoughts, opinions, and decisions, but have no control over external events.
4. We are responsible for our own life and hence should not complain or blame anyone else.
5. For our personal development, we need to act in society and try to live in harmony and cooperation with others.
6. Progress is driven by having a pragmatic attitude, not via perfection.


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### Instruction:
what do you think makes Japan Unique

### Response:
- Japanese food (Sushi, Ramen etc.)
- Culture of minimalism and respect
- Japanese work ethic
- Japan consists of over 6000 islands
- Japan has a 'suicide forest'
- Japan has over 70,000 people who are over 100 years old
- Japan has millions of vending machines
- Japan's capital Tokyo is one of the largest metropolitan areas in the world


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### Instruction:
Why is the 1980 gold medal match in hockey called the 'Miracle on Ice'?

### Response:
The US Olympic hockey team was a heavy underdog against the Soviets in 1980, and their victory over the Soviets was a surprise to nearly everyone. As the game concluded, Al Michaels, the play-by-play announcer for the game, exclaimed "Do you believe in miracles? Yes!', and because many people around the world watched the game on television, the game became known as the 'Miracle on Ice'.


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### Instruction:
Identify which instrument is string or woodwind: Diplica, Kontra

### Response:
Kontra is string, Diplica is woodwind.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
In Abrahamic religions, how many major commandants did Moses receive at Mt Sinai?

### Response:
Moses received ten major commandments


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Ferrinho, Bandurria

### Response:
Bandurria is string, Ferrinho is percussion.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Why are there so many different types of cheeses in France?

### Response:
Cheese production has a long history in France. It is believed that cheese was first introduced into France during Roman times. After the fall of the Roman empire, monasteries continued the production of cheese. Experimentation within the monasteries, regional isolation and differences in climate and vegetation across France lead to the creation of regional varieties of cheese (some of which still exist today). From about the 13th century onwards, cheese production started to develop on French farms. Over time, the recipes for making cheese were handed down from generation to generation (and tweaked and improved by each generation), further increasing the number of varieties.

As a result, today it is commonly considered that there are between 350 and 400 different types of French cheese – although there are actually almost 1,000 varieties! These cheeses are made from cows, sheep, goats or buffalo milk.

Charles de Gaulle, a famous French president, once asked - "How can you govern a country which has 246 varieties of cheese?" It would be interesting to hear what his thoughts would be today now that there are almost 1000 different varieties.


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### Instruction:
Which is an imperial or a metric measurement: ton, tonne

### Response:
ton is imperial, tonne is metric


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Which are the earliest ancestors of Native Americans?

### Response:
Paleo- Indian


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Tyrell?

### Response:
Ser Alester Tyrell


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Theropod, Pronghorn

### Response:
Pronghorn is alive, Theropod is extinct.


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### Instruction:
Why was America called the New World?

### Input:
The term New World is often used to mean the majority of Earth's Western Hemisphere, specifically the Americas.[1] The term gained prominence in the early 16th century, during Europe's Age of Discovery, shortly after the Italian explorer Amerigo Vespucci concluded that America (now often called the Americas) represented a new continent, and subsequently published his findings in a pamphlet he titled Latin: Mundus Novus.[2] This realization expanded the geographical

### Response:
In the past, the major civilizations were unaware of the existence of America. Since their world view consisted of Europe, Africa and Asia, the finding of an entire continent of the Americas was a major geographical perspective to the people of the era. They referred to America as the New World.


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### Instruction:
What city is the capital of Alberta Canada?

### Response:
The capital city of the province of Alberta in Canada is Edmonton.


Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What sport does Arshdeep play?

### Input:
Arshdeep Singh (born 7 May 1994) is an Indian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Minerva Punjab F.C. in the I-League.

### Response:
football


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What makes a good password?

### Response:
Good passwords consist of a combination of letters, numbers, and symbols.  Good passwords should be long, easy for the user to remember, but hard to guess.  Most attempts to steal passwords use brute force, so the length of the password is more important in terms of the compute needed to discover it using brute force methods than would be special characters.  Special characters used in short passwords also prove ineffective because there are many well know leet dictionaries that provide common special character insertions.


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### Instruction:
Identify which car manufacturer is British or American: Buick, Bentley

### Response:
Bentley is British, Buick is American


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Write a short story about a woman named Mary who is a barista making a latte.

### Response:
Mary was a barista at the local coffee shop. She has worked at this specific cafe for over 5 years and has learned to love the job, and has grown close to her coworkers and regular customers. While Mary is a specialist in preparing many types of coffee and tea drinks, her favorite of all time was to make the latte. One morning around 8:00 am, a regular customer named Eric came into the cafe. Eric usually orders a latte every morning around the same time and Mary really enjoys preparing his drink. When Mary saw Eric walk in, she started preparing his drink without even asking what he would order. First Mary greeted Eric and engaged in some small talk, conversing about the seasonally warm weather we were having. While simultaneously having this conversation, Mary was in process of making the coffee drink. Mary first ground 18g of espresso roast coffee on a fine grind setting. Once the coffee was ground, she filled the portafilter with the ground coffee. Once the portafilter was full of coffee, Mary tamped the coffee with a tamper, using about 30 pounds of force. When the portafilter was ready, she fixed it upon the espresso machine. Next Mary filled a milk pitcher with 12 ounces of whole milk. She then took the pitcher, held it to the steam wand, and started steaming the milk. For the first 5 seconds, she held the milk just below the surface of the milk to aerate the milk, and then moved the pitcher up so the steam wand was fully emerged. While the milk was steaming, Mary pressed the espresso button on the machine to start the pouring of the espresso into the two shot glasses. Mary was an expert in doing multiple latte making tasks simultaneously. As the milk finished steaming, she removed the pitcher, wiped down the steam wand, and set the milk aside. At that time, the espresso shots were done, and Mary poured the espresso from the shot glasses into the 16 oz paper cup. She then took the steamed milk and poured it over the espresso shots in the cup. She poured the milk in a specific way that would create latte art, this time she made a little heart out of the milk and foam. Once all the milk was poured, she put a cup on the coffee and handed the coffee over to Eric, who she was still having a conversation with. Once he received the coffee, Eric scanned his gift card on the computer which Mary had prepared for payment for the latte. After Eric was done paying, he took a sip of the drink and complimented Mary for another excellently prepared latte. After taking his sip, Eric then left the store, and got into this car, and drove away. It was moments like this every morning that reminded Mary why she loves this job so much, and looked forward to helping more customers for the remainder of her shift that morning.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the largest lake in the united states?

### Response:
Lake Superior


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
I'm getting into music history and want to listen to authentic analogue music from the 1980's. Which of the following should I try:  ipod, vinyl, apple music, cassette, compact disc, spotify, youtube

### Response:
Vinyl, cassette and compact disc are all analogue music devices available in the 1980's - you should try them.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Tell me if this a universal blood group:  A+, A-,  B+, B-,  O+, O-,  AB+, AB-

### Response:
A+ = No
A- = No
B+ = No
B- = No
O+ = No
O-  = Yes
AB+= No
AB-= No


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Identify which instrument is string or woodwind: Tremolo bass, Rackett

### Response:
Rackett is woodwind, Tremolo bass is string.


Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is Rhaeboceras

### Input:
Rhaeboceras is an extinct genus of ammonite belonging to the subfamily Scaphitinae. Species belonging to the genus lived during the Cretaceous and have been found in the Pierre Shale of North America.[1][2][3]

### Response:
Rhaeboceras is an extinct genus of ammonite belonging to the subfamily Scaphitinae. Species belonging to the genus lived during the Cretaceous and have been found in the Pierre Shale of North America.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What does it mean for something to be compostable?

### Response:
An item that is compostable will "decompose" over a short duration of time, back into natural materials such as compost. This is in contrast to materials like plastic or aluminum that require thousands or even millions of years to degrade and transform into something found naturally. The benefit of compostable materials is that they do not generate any trash to take up space in landfills, and use more naturally-derived inputs in production processes (in contrast to fossil fuels).


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the most important thing about being a parent of a three year old?

### Response:
This is one of time's most complicated questions, honestly. I think the most important thing about being a parent to a three year old is loving them, but the tricky part is how you let that love manifest. Kids are super sensitive and still learning emotions at this age, so its really important to be slow, intentional and extra super patient with a three year old.

An example I have of this from my little girl, Addie, who just turned three on Sunday, is communicating what is possible vs. what is not possible in a very clear way. Last night, I told my daughter that we had a doctor's appointment in the AM for her annual check-up, but she immediately wanted to go THEN, right away to the doctor. There began the two hour downhill spin into a full tantrum because she did not understand that she could not go to the doctor that night, because they were closed.

This might seem like a disparate example of how to show you love a child, but it took every ounce of my patience, calm and rationality to keep explaining to my screaming, flailing, alligator of a child that we could not see the doctor until tomorrow. (Also, what three year old is THAT excited to see a doctor?  I don't know, its insane to me!)

So the answer is, love, but in all ways that you can manifest that love, directly and indirectly.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Classify each of the following as either a place or a thing: Rhode Island, cup, New Jersey, New York, watch, tv.

### Response:
Rhode Island is a place.
A Cup is a thing.
New Jersey is a place.
New York is a place.
A watch is a thing.
A TV is a thing.


Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How can you get to Dry Tortugas National Park?

### Input:
Dry Tortugas National Park is a national park located about 68 miles (109 km) west of Key West in the Gulf of Mexico, in the United States. The park preserves Fort Jefferson and the seven Dry Tortugas islands, the westernmost and most isolated of the Florida Keys. The archipelago's coral reefs are the least disturbed of the Florida Keys reefs.

Most visitors arrive in Dry Tortugas National Park

### Response:
Dry Tortugas National Park can be accessed by seaplane or boat. The official ferry service is Yankee Freedom; private boats can also access the island. The islands that make up Dry Tortugas are located near Key West in the Gulf of Mexcio and cannot be accessed by car.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Give me a bulleted list of the cutest animals.

### Response:
Panda, koala, guinea pig.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What coloring of cat is usually almost always female?

### Response:
Tortoiseshell cats are frequently female.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How do learn how to ride a bicycle?

### Response:
It takes small steps to learn how to ride a bicycle the first one is getting on your bike without losing to get down the balance. Next ride your bike in small distances in a soft area. Last go for longer and longer distances until you have a hang of it.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
When did India gain independence?

### Response:
India gained independence from British rule on August 15th, 1947.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What causes rain?

### Response:
Rain is the byproduct of the natural cycle of evaporation and condensation that happens all over the world. Moisture evaporates into the atmosphere from bodies of water and soil. Once this moisture is aloft in the atmosphere, certain conditions cause it to precipitate in the form of rain. These conditions include changes in atmospheric pressure, orographic lift cause by hilly terrain, and changes in temperature. Once the moisture starts to condense into larger and larger droplets, they eventually become heavy enough to fall from the cloud in the form of rain drops. This cycle then continues on with the newly fallen rain beginning to evaporate into the atmosphere.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What black sweet is particularly popular in the Netherlands

### Response:
In the Netherlands, black sweet is particularly popular. It is a type of cake made from a light and fluffy sponge cake, filled with a dark chocolate ganache and topped with dark chocolate shavings.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Is a manned mission to Mars worth the cost ?

### Response:
Since the beginning of the Space race in 1957, we have had an exponential growth in innovative technology that benefited the space program and had commercial usage. They range from  medical imaging techniques, healthcare monitoring  equipment, artificial limbs, water filtration systems, solar panels and baby formula. The challenges of traveling to Mars and maintaining a sustainable living environment will also foster rapid innovation in sustainable technologies that can help to solve our current challenges on Earth. This could be renewable fuels, rapidly deployable habitats, Carbon sequestration and advances in AI.


Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Who wrote the score for the film "Rise of the Planet of the Apes"?

### Input:
The score for the Rise of the Planet of the Apes film was written by Patrick Doyle and performed by the Hollywood Studio Symphony conducted by James Shearman. On being compared to the musical works of Jerry Goldsmith and Danny Elfman, who scored the previous installment, and its impact on the tonal and primitive quality, Doyle opined that the musical approach would

### Response:
The score was written by Patrick Doyle.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is measured on the Gay-Lussac scale

### Response:
Alcohol strength


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What are the core ingredients of a bechamel sauce?

### Response:
A bechamel (or béchamel) is a creamy white sauce used in dishes like lasagna, mac and cheese, soufflés, gratins, moussaka and casseroles... The core ingredients consist of butter, flour and milk.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Why are there speed limits on public roads?

### Response:
Governments create and enforce speed limits for humans driving vehicles on public roads in the interest of public safety. The speed limits generally depend on the type of road, including whether it is in a residential area or a freeway. Police officers enforce posted limits by patrolling the roads and checking the speeds of vehicles around them using radar technology. By preventing vehicles from traveling at excessive speeds, speed limits help keep roadways safer for everyone.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What country is to the north of the United States?

### Response:
Canada is America's northern neighbor


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Identify which car manufacturer is Japanese or American: Mazda, Chevrolet

### Response:
Chevrolet is American, Mazda is Japanese


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Who are the avengers?

### Response:
Avengers is the team of super heroes from Marvel comics. There are many super heroes in Marvels and out of which a few of them are called avengers. The team comprises of thee super heroes: Iron Man,  Captain America, Hawk-eye, Wanda, Vision, Captain Marvel, Hulk, Thor, Ant Man, Black Panther, Winter Soldier, Black Widow and a few others.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Is there a relation between wavelength and frequency?

### Response:
Wavelength is inversely proportional to frequency. Wavelength is the distance between crests of waves whereas Frequency is number of waves occur in given time. Higher the frequency , lower the wavelength and vice-versa


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Provide me with a some ideas on healthy activities I can do in nature.

### Response:
Getting out in nature alone or with friends is healthy both physically and psychologically. If you are looking for an activity that will require you to be out in nature you could consider bushwalking. Many national parks have walking trails of varying length and difficulty. Golf is also a healthy outdoor activity that you can do with a small group of friends or colleagues. If the beach is more your style then bodyboarding, surfing and snorkling are beach activities that you can do solo or in a group.


Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Given this paragraph about Jordan, tell me where it is located and which countries it borders?

### Input:
Jordan (Arabic: الأردن, tr. Al-ʾUrdunn [al.ʔur.dunː]), officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan,[a] is a country in Western Asia. It is situated at the crossroads of Asia, Africa, and Europe,[8] within the Levant region, on the East Bank of the Jordan River. Jordan is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the south and east, Iraq to the northeast, Syria to the north,

### Response:
Jordan is a country in Western Asia and it is border by Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Syria, Palestine, and Israel.


Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
From this paragraph, what are indicators that Singapore's healthcare system performs well?

### Input:
Singapore has a generally efficient healthcare system, even though health expenditures are relatively low for developed countries. The World Health Organisation ranks Singapore's healthcare system as 6th overall in the world in its World Health Report. Singapore has had the lowest infant mortality rates in the world for the past two decades. In 2019, Singaporeans had the longest life expectancy of any country at

### Response:
For the last two decades, Singapore has had the world's lowest infant mortality rates. Additionally, in 2019, Singapore had the world's longest life expectancy.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Give me six examples of common productivity myths.

### Response:
- Waking up early will make you more productive
- Everyone has "the same" 24 hours each day in which to be productive
- Being busy means being productive
- Multi-tasking and task shifting will allow you to be more productive
- If you're happy with your work, you will be more productive
- Hard work inevitably leads to productivity


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How does FTX collapse?

### Response:
FTX was reported to move a significant portion of its assets to its partner firm Alameda Research in an article published by CoinDesk in November 2022. After this, FTX rival Binance's CEO Changpeng Zhao announced that Binance would sell its holdings of FTX tokens, which was quickly followed by a spike in customer withdrawals from FTX. FTX was unable to meet the demand for such customer withdrawals. On December 12, 2022, founder Sam Bankman-Fried was arrested by the Bahamian authorities for financial offences, at the request of the US government.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Make a bullet list of three different types of meat I could get in a taco

### Response:
- Pollo Asado
- Carne asada
- Al Pastor


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the best TV series for Kids?

### Response:
I loved to see Small Wonder.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What are some fun things to do around Seattle on a warm Summer day?

### Response:
Here are few things that someone might enjoy on a warm Summer day in Seattle: walking around Seattle center, taking a trip up to the top of the Space Needle to get a unique perspective of the city, taking a ferry ride to Bainbridge Island to walk around the small town and shop at the small unique shops, visit Green Lake park just north of the city and take a stroll around the picturesque scenery, or visit Pike place market and see the many items venders have for sale.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What's a good way to make a baked potato?

### Response:
Preheat your oven to 400 degrees. Poke some holes in the potato with a fork. Spread olive oil all over the potato, and sprinkle kosher salt on it. Place it directly on the oven rack and let it bake for about an hour. It will be ready when a knife can slide into it easily.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What are the benefits of building a large language model specific to your organization rather than using a third party vendor's model?

### Response:
Building your own large language model (LLM) reduces security risks from data leakage, which could allow others to access your proprietary information. Building an in-house LLM also creates value internal to your organization rather than delivering that value (in the form of your data) to a third party. The answers from a custom LLM will also be more valid and specific to your organization. Finally, building your own LLM can be more cost effective than paying for each API request to a third party solution.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Can you tell me about different types of hot water kettles?

### Response:
I'd be happy to tell you about hot water kettles. Hot water kettles are used to heat up water for beverages like tea or coffee. There are a few different kinds:
 - Stove-top kettles, which are placed on a stove and make a sound when the water is boiling.
 - Electric water kettles, which heat up using electricity rather than a stove. These can have many controls and contain thermostats to control the target water heat.
 - Gooseneck kettles, which can be electric or stovetop but feature a thin spout which is useful for making pour-over coffee.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Help me pick a Lego set for my friends.

### Response:
Lego has different sets for people in different ages. Each set usually has age guidance on the box. For small kids below 3 years old, I would recommend Duplo, because Duplo bricks have bigger size, and won't be swallowed by accident. For kids above 3 years old, but less than 10 years old, I would recommend Lego Classic. For those sets, people can use their imagination to create whatever things they like. For kids above 10 and adults, Lego Technic and Icons are super cool and good for display.

For people interested in specific themes, like Star War, Harry Potter, etc, lego also has sets in those themes for you to choose from.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the capital of the united kingdom?

### Response:
London is the capital of the united kingdom.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Which is a species of fish? Pintano or Pint

### Response:
Pintano


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Classify the following as either Australian flora or fauna: kangaroo, wattle, emu, possum, echidna, kookaburra, macadamia, eucalyptus.

### Response:
Kangaroo, emu, possum and echidna are Australian fauna. Wattle, macadamia and eucalyptus are Australian flora.


Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Extract what countries border Greece based on the below text and separate them with a comma

### Input:
Greece,[a] officially the Hellenic Republic,[b] is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the southern tip of the Balkan Peninsula, and is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Greece shares land borders with Albania to the northwest, North Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to the northeast. The Aegean Sea lies to the

### Response:
Albania, North Macedonia, Bulgaria and Turkey


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Which national parks should I visit in Utah?

### Response:
Utah has what is called the Mighty 5. This list includes Arches, Bryce Canyon, Canyonlands, Capitol Reef and Zion. With so many choices to choose from, it can be difficult to decide. Arches is known for it's famous "Delicate Arch" which you have seen on postcards and the like. Bryce Canyon has countless hoodoos, perfect for your picturesque moment. Canyonlands, may even remind you of the Grand Canyon, so if you've enjoyed that in the past, you might want to start here (it's close by to Arches). Capitol reef has a wide variety of landscapes including arches, cliffs, canyons, etc. Last but most certainly not least, Zion. This park may be the most well-traveled on the list. Zion is especially known for it's big wall climbs.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is glass made of

### Response:
Glass has become so commonplace today that it’s easy to see right through it without a second thought. It’s in our windows, on our screens, in our cabinets, and in many of the devices we interact with every day. Even though glass can be found everywhere, you may live your whole life not knowing much about how it’s made or what it’s composed of. Even if you think you know the basics, you’ve only skimmed the surface.

At a high level, glass is sand that’s been melted down and chemically transformed. If you’ve ever been to the beach, you know exactly how hot sand can get while remaining in its solid form. The kind of heat necessary to transform sand into a liquid state (eventually becoming glass) is much hotter than any sunny day. To make sand melt, you need to heat it to roughly 1700°C (3090°F), which is approximately the same temperature a space shuttle reaches as it re-enters earth’s atmosphere.

The sand commonly used to make glass is comprised of small grains of quartz crystals, made up of molecules of silicon dioxide, which is also known as silica. When those molecules are heated to high enough temperatures, the sand melts and loses its crystalline structure, and as it cools it gains an entirely different structure. That structure, on a molecular level, is somewhere in between a liquid and a solid. This in-between state is known as an amorphous solid, which means it has some of the crystalline structure of a solid coupled with the molecular randomness of a liquid.

Glass Melting
Depending on the sand mixture, glass can have a variety of properties. Certain elements or chemicals mixed with sand can change glass’s color, for example. Glass’s properties can also change based on how it’s manufactured and the processes by which it’s shaped afterward. To strengthen glass, manufacturers can use thermal tempering to heat and cool it rapidly. Glass can also be strengthened chemically through an ion exchange process that makes the surface of the glass tougher.

The glass most people are familiar with is soda-lime glass, which is a combination of soda (also known as soda ash or washing soda), limestone, and sand. Although you can make glass simply by heating and then rapidly cooling silica, the manufacturing of soda-lime glass is a little more complex. By adding soda (sodium carbonate), the melting point of the sand is reduced so it can be transformed into glass at lower temperatures and save energy during manufacturing. However, adding soda to the mixture reduces its chemical durability, making it prone to dissolve when in contact with liquids. For most applications, that’s not desirable, so limestone (calcium carbonate) is also added to the mixture, which acts as a stabilizer. Once the mixture of silica, soda, and limestone is heated, it can be cooled and molded for a variety of applications.
At Corning, we know glass. We know how to strengthen it through chemical processes like ion exchange, and we know how to bend it to make optical fiber that can stretch over vast distances. Our knowledge of glass goes back more than a century, allowing us to remain on the cutting edge of research and development. From simple soda-lime to complex glass structures that enable augmented reality, glass is an adaptable, wide-ranging material. That’s why, after more than 165 years, we’re still making new discoveries.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What are examples of plants that can successfully grow in the tundra?

### Response:
Arctic Moss, Arctic Poppy, Lichens, Labrador Tea, Arctic Willow.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Tell me whether the following athletes are tennis or football players: Ibrahimovic, Medvedev, Agassi, Neymar, Halep, Davenport

### Response:
There are only two football players in the list, Neymar and Ibrahimovic. All the others are well known tennis players.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is a cat?

### Response:
A cat is a cute, cuddly animal with whiskers, pointed ears, four legs and paws, and a tail. Cats are companion animals to humans. Cats can come in many different varieties, such as hairless, short-haired, medium-haired, and very fluffy; they also come in many colors, such as black, white, grey, brown, orange, and a combination of multiple colors.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Why does a boat float on water whereas some other objects sink?

### Response:
Objects with less buoyant force will sink. Buoyancy is a force acting on an object that causes it to rise or move higher in the liquid. If the object is denser than the water then it sinks and if the object is less dense than the water then it floats.


Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Please give me a bulleted list of sports teams in Spokane.

### Input:
In sports, the region's professional and semi-professional sports teams include the Spokane Indians in Minor League Baseball and Spokane Chiefs in junior ice hockey. The Gonzaga Bulldogs collegiate basketball team competes at the Division I level. As of 2010, Spokane's major daily newspaper, The Spokesman-Review, had a daily circulation of over 76,000.

### Response:
- Spokane Indians
- Spokane Chiefs
- Gonzaga Bulldogs


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What are some approaches to prevent abuse of LLMs?

### Response:
Here are some approaches to prevent abuse of LLMs:

1. Prevent users from submitting prompts that contain abusive phrases (a simple keyword ban could work for this).
2. Similar to the first point, prevent the LLM from returning responses that contain abusive phrases based on a simple keyword ban.
3. Provide users the option to upvote/downvote and flag responses from the LLM to collect feedback. An additional classification model could be trained on the responses that were flagged as inappropriate and then used to identify and filter out problematic responses from the LLM in the future before the user sees them.


Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What types of political organizations did pre-colonial Africa have?

### Input:
Pre-colonial Africa possessed perhaps as many as 10,000 different states and polities[90] characterized by many different sorts of political organization and rule. These included small family groups of hunter-gatherers such as the San people of southern Africa; larger, more structured groups such as the family clan groupings of the Bantu-speaking peoples of central, southern, and eastern Africa; heavily structured clan groups in the Horn of Africa; the

### Response:
Pre-colonial Africa had many political organizations including: small family groups, larger family clan groupings, heavily structured clan groups, and autonomous city-states and kingdoms.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Distinguish between manmade and natural structures from the following:
Statue of Liberty
Suez canal
Niagara Falls
Vatical City
Valley of Death
Himalayas
Angorwat Temple
Taj Mahal
River Rhine
The strait of Malacca
Brooklyn bridge

### Response:
Manmade:
Brooklyn bridge
Taj Mahal
Vatical City
Angorwat Temple
Statue of Liberty
Suez canal

Natural structures:
Niagara Falls
Valley of Death
The strait of Malacca
River Rhine
Himalayas


Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
what was the british empire

### Input:
The British Empire was composed of the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states.

### Response:
The British Empire was composed of the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. It began with the overseas possessions and trading posts established by England between the late 16th and early 18th centuries. At its height it was the largest empire in history and, for over a century, was the foremost global power.[1] By 1913, the British Empire held sway over 412 million people, 23 per cent of the world population at the time,[2] and by 1920, it covered 35.5 million km2 (13.7 million sq mi),[3] 24 per cent of the Earth's total land area. As a result, its constitutional, legal, linguistic, and cultural legacy is widespread. At the peak of its power, it was described as "the empire on which the sun never sets", as the Sun was always shining on at least one of its territories.[4]


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Where do we go when we die?

### Response:
In some religions, it is believed we go to heaven after die.  There are passages that talk about the pearly gates and being greeted by St. Peter who will check you into heaven and allow to pass through the gates once vetted.  The ancient egyptians believed in three afterlife ideologies; the underworld, eternal life and the rebirth of the soul.  However, for the average person today who does not partake in mummification and ancient egyptians, it is widely believed that once the body dies, the soul leaves and goes to a place of peace.  In a perfect world, we would be reunited with our loved ones, both human and pet, where we would no longer be in pain and can run free with those we care about most.  Alternatively, the more literal answer to this question would be that the physical body either goes into a coffin or some type of container or it is cremated into ashes after death.


Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What does the distribution of isobars indicate?

### Input:
An isobar is a line of equal or constant pressure on a graph, plot, or map; an isopleth or contour line of pressure. More accurately, isobars are lines drawn on a map joining places of equal average atmospheric pressure reduced to sea level for a specified period of time. In meteorology, the barometric pressures shown are reduced to sea level, not the surface pressures at the map locations. The

### Response:
The distribution of isobars is closely related to the magnitude and direction of the wind field, and can be used to predict future weather patterns.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How can you open a can without using your hands?

### Response:
1) You could try to use both feet to open the can if you have very strong feet.
2) You could ask a friend to open the can with their hands.
3) You could use your elbow to push the can off of a very high surface.
4) You could drive over the can with a car, though you would have to use only your arms to drive.


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### Instruction:
Does Minnesota have a professional hockey team?

### Response:
Yes, the Minnesota Wild are the primary hockey team in Minnesota. They are 1 of 32 teams in the National Hockey League (NHL). The Minnesota Wild play in St. Paul, the capitol of Minnesota at the Excel Energy Center.


Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Given a reference text about Qamus, when was it attacked and defeated?

### Input:
Qamus (القموص) was one of the fortresses of the Jewish poet Al-Rabi ibn Abu al-Huqayq, and his Jewish tribe called Banu Nadir.[1][2] The fortress was situated near Khaybar in what is now Saudi Arabia.[3] The fortress was attacked by Muslim forces and defeated circa 629/30 CE.[1] It was after this event that Muhammad married Safiyyah bint Huyayy.[4] The Jewish presence in the region has

### Response:
Qamus was attacked and defeated by Muslim forced near the year 630 CE


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Tell me which of these characters are in Disney or Dreamworks movies: Shrek, Simba, Lightning McQueen, Po.

### Response:
Shrek is a Dreamworks character from the movie Shrek.
Simba is a Disney character from the the movie The Lion King.
Lightning McQueen is a Disney character from the movie Cars.
Po is a Dreamworks character from the the movie Kung Fu Panda.


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### Instruction:
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: North Drums, Gunbri

### Response:
Gunbri is string, North Drums is percussion.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the name of the curvy street in San Francisco?

### Response:
Lombard Street in San Francisco is often referred to as the "crookedest" or most curvy street in the world.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Give me a list of data structures with O(1) access time

### Response:
1. Array
2. Hash Table
3. Stack
4. Queue
5. Linked List
6. Dictionary Map


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What Breaking Bad actor guest starred on Season 6, Episode 2 "Drive" of The X-Files?

### Response:
Bryan Cranston guest starred as Patrick Crump.


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Who are the Dawoodi Bohras?

### Response:
The Dawoodi Bohras are a modern religious group within the Ismaili Shia Sect of Shia Islam. They originate from Egypt tracing their lineage to The Fatimid Empire. Dawoodi Bohras are usually known for their trading policies, business acumen & entrepreneurship & believe in becoming Self-reliant. The word "Bohra" in Gujarati means "to trade" hence most of them prefers to do businesses & are quite involved in Software, Iron or Metal trading majorly.

From a religious perspective, They usually follow seven pillars of Islam (Walayah, Taharah, Salat, Zakah, Sawm, Hajj & Jihad) instead of Five. They're also quite active in Muharram-al-Haram performing the Mourning of Husayn ibn Ali & Ahl-al-Bayt and the day of the Ashura. They have an annual event of "Ashara Mubaraka" where they gather from across the world at a chosen place to perform the Mourning & doing community services. They're also very active in Ramadan & other months to celebrate Eid-al-Fitr, Eid-al-Adha, Eid-al-Ghadir etc.

At present their current leader & Dai-al-Mutlaq is His Holiness Syedna Mufaddal Saifuddin who resides in Saifee Mahal, Mumbai, India. To know more about this community, I would suggest to read "Mullahs on the Mainframe: Islam and Modernity among the Daudi Bohras" by Jonah Blank published first in 2001.


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### Instruction:
For following Apps in Apple Store, help me classify them into different categories, categories include Business, Developer Tools, Education, Games, Music.
Here is the App list: Slack, Microsoft Excel, WPS Office, Apple Developer, Xcode, CodeRunner 4, Termius -SSH&SFTP client, Kahoot, Duolingo, Complete Anatomy 23, SimCity, Civilization VI, NBA 2k23, Angry Birds, GarageBand, Spotify, QQ Music

### Response:
Here is the classification result based on the provided categories:

For Business: Slack, Microsoft Excel, WPS Office
For Developer Tools: Apple Developer, Xcode, CodeRunner 4, Termius -SSH&SFTP client
For Education: Kahoot, Duolingo, Complete Anatomy 23
For Games: SimCity, Civilization VI, NBA 2k23, Angry Birds
For Music: GarageBand, Spotify, QQ Music


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### Instruction:
Classify each of the following as food, company or both: apple, unilever, avon, mercedez, nestle, meat, rice, penny, pineapple, beans, dm, banana

### Response:
both, company, company, company, company, food, food, company, food, food, company, food


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### Instruction:
What are the names of the first three songs from Edmond Leung's The Story of June?

### Input:
The Story of June is a Cantopop album by Edmond Leung.

Track listing:
Love Blind (戀愛盲)
Elevator Men (電梯男)
Hey June
Driven To Distraction (失魂落魄)
Daydream (白日夢)
Romantic (羅曼蒂克)
Y3
Get Away with Miriam Yeung (滾)
The Aftermath (戰後餘生)
The Long Journey (路漫漫)

### Response:
Love Blind (戀愛盲)
Elevator Men (電梯男)
Hey June


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### Instruction:
Which is a species of fish? Tetra or Quart

### Response:
Tetra


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### Instruction:
What is the best drum kit?

### Response:
There are many different manufacturers of drum kits, with a wide range of models and pricing. Some of the most popular brands include DW, Tama, Sonor, Mapex, Pearl, Yamaha, Ludwig, Gretsch and the British Drum Company. There are also excellent custom drum builders with high quality products such as SJC and A&F.
The majority of these brands offer kits for beginners all the way up to touring and studio professionals.


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### Instruction:
Are these companies private or public

### Response:
Tesla, Amazon, Uber, Microsoft, Facebook


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Khol, Mondol

### Response:
Mondol is string, Khol is percussion.


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### Instruction:
What is the least common birthday in the US other than Feb 29?

### Input:
In the United States between 1973 and 1999, September 16 is the most common birthday in the United States and December 25 the least common birthday (other than February 29, because of leap years).[14] In 2011, October 5 and 6 were reported as the most frequently occurring birthdays.

### Response:
The least common birthday in the United States between 1973 and 1999, excluding February 29, is December 25.


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### Instruction:
What is core banking?

### Response:
Core banking is a banking service provided by a group of networked bank branches where customers may access their bank account and perform basic transactions from any of the member branch offices.

Core banking is often associated with retail banking and many banks treat the retail customers as their core banking customers. Businesses are usually managed via the corporate banking division of the institution. Core banking covers basic depositing and lending of money.

Core banking functions will include transaction accounts, loans, mortgages and payments. Banks make these services available across multiple channels like automated teller machines, Internet banking, mobile banking and branches.

Banking software and network technology allows a bank to centralise its record keeping and allow access from any location.


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### Instruction:
Given this reference text about Husinec, what was the highest temperature reached in Fahrenheit?

### Input:
Husinec is located about 6 kilometres (4 mi) north of Prague. It lies in the Prague Plateau. It it situated in a meander of the Vltava River, partly in the valley of the river and partly on a promontory above the valley.

The municipality is known for high average temperatures, which are caused by the specific relief of the landscape and the natural

### Response:
102.2 degrees Fahrenheit


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### Instruction:
Tell me if the following countries are in Europe or in Africa: Portugal, Italy, Burkina Faso, Rwanda, Germany, Sweden, Spain

### Response:
Portugal, Italy, Germany, Sweden and Spain are located in Europe.
Burkina Faso and Rwanda are located in Africa.


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### Instruction:
What is the chief economic activity of Weselberg?

### Input:
Weselberg is a municipality in the Wallhalben municipality of the Südwestpfalz district of Rhineland-Palatinate in Germany. The sister portion of the town on the western outskirts is Zeselberg. The chief economic activity is agriculture.

### Response:
agriculture


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### Instruction:
Give me a bulleted list of the last 10 UK Prime Ministers

### Response:
- Rishi Sunak
- Liz Truss
- Boris Johnson
- Theresa May
- David Cameron
- Gordon Brown
- Tony Blair
- John Major
- Margaret Thatcher
- James Callaghan


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### Instruction:
When did the new building open?

### Input:
The new building opened on November 13, 2001, with a dedication ceremony held on November 17.[3] The opening of the Fairview branch marked the first of many mixed use buildings in the county system.[2][4] The library, with a floor area of 4,000 square feet (370 m2), is on the ground floor, and four apartments are on the upper floor.[2]

### Response:
The new building opened on November 13, 2001.


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### Instruction:
Tell me whether these sports use a ball or not: golf, gymnastics, boxing, soccer, football, wrestling

### Response:
Golf: Ball
Gymnastics: No Ball
Boxing: No Ball
Soccer: Ball
Football: Ball
Wrestling: No Ball


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### Instruction:
Which is a species of fish? Hoki or Loki

### Response:
Hoki


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### Instruction:
What are the benefits of a carbon-fiber paddle for whitewater kayaking?

### Response:
In addition to the reduced weight, carbon fiber paddles are a bit more rigid than the traditional fiberglass and resin paddles frequently used by whitewater paddlers.  This extra rigidity allows more of the energy exerted by the paddler to be transferred to the blades.  The result is faster turns and greater agility, all things any paddler needs when navigating more technical stretches of the river.


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### Instruction:
is customer support a great career

### Response:
yes


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### Instruction:
How can the dialogue be described in this film?

### Input:
Wilcox is a Canadian drama film, directed by Denis Côté and released in 2019. Told entirely without dialogue, the film tells the story of Wilcox (Guillaume Tremblay), a mysterious drifter travelling in an apparent search for adventure. Although he does interact with other characters in the film, the dialogue taking place in the story is not heard by the audience.

### Response:
There is no dialogue.


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### Instruction:
Suggest a vacation trip for a couple based in California who love spending time outdoors

### Response:
The American west is home to spectacular national parks. The national parks in California, Utah and Arizona are unique in their variety of landscapes and ecology. One possible trip is to Yosemite, Sequoia and Death Valley National Parks.  All of these parks provide a range of options for people of varying abilities. For the hardcore hikers a multi-day backpacking trip along the John Muir trip would take them through some of the most scenic mountain terrain in the country. Day hikers have dozens of shorter trails to choose from in each park. One point to keep in mind is that Death Valley would be uncomfortably hot in the summer months - May through September.


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### Instruction:
What are the current f1 teams?

### Response:
The current 10 Formula 1 teams are Red Bull Racing, Aston Martin Aramco, Mercedes-AMG PETRONAS, Scuderia Ferrari, McLaren, BWT Alpine, MoneyGram Haas, Alfa Romeo, Scuderia AlphaTauri, Williams


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### Instruction:
Given this paragraph about the tour de france, has the race ever not ran

### Input:
The race was first organized in 1903 to increase sales for the newspaper L'Auto[2] and is currently run by the Amaury Sport Organisation.[3] The race has been held annually since its first edition in 1903 except when it was stopped for the two World Wars.[4] As the Tour gained prominence and popularity, the race was lengthened and its reach began to extend

### Response:
The tour de france has ran since 1903, with the only noted cancellations happening for the two world wars


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### Instruction:
Based on this text, what average temperature in degree celsius can I expect in April in Germany?

### Input:
From February 2019 – 2020, average monthly temperatures in Germany ranged from a low of 3.3 °C (37.9 °F) in January 2020 to a high of 19.8 °C (67.6 °F) in June 2019.[114] Average monthly precipitation ranged from 30 litres per square metre in February and April 2019 to 125 litres per square metre in February 2020.[115] Average monthly

### Response:
The average temperature in April in Germany is 13.2 °C.


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### Instruction:
What is Gingham fabric?

### Input:
Gingham, also called Vichy check, is a medium-weight balanced plain-woven fabric typically with striped, check or plaid duotone patterns, in bright colour and in white made from dyed cotton or cotton-blend yarns. It is made of carded, medium or fine yarns.

### Response:
Gingham, also called Vichy check, is a medium-weight balanced plain-woven fabric typically with striped, check or plaid duotone patterns, in bright colour and in white made from dyed cotton or cotton-blend yarns. It is made of carded, medium or fine yarns.


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### Instruction:
Extract all the years mentioned in this text, separated by a comma

### Input:
The Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo, was the third United States human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which succeeded in preparing and landing the first humans on the Moon from 1968 to 1972. It was first conceived in 1960 during President Dwight D. Eisenhower's administration as a three-person spacecraft to follow the one-person Project Mercury,

### Response:
1968,1972,1960,1961


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### Instruction:
Where did peanut butter and jelly sandwiches originate?

### Input:
The first known reference for a peanut butter and jelly sandwich appeared in the Boston Cooking School Magazine in 1901; it called for "three very thin layers of bread and two of filling, one of peanut paste, whatever brand you prefer, and currant or crabapple jelly for the other", and called it as "so far as I know original".

### Response:
In 1901, the Boston Cooking School Magazine published the first known reference for a peanut butter and jelly sandwich. This magazine article called for "three very thin layers of bread and two of filling, one of peanut paste, whatever brand you prefer, and currant or crabapple jelly for the other."


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### Instruction:
You, a commercial gym supervisor, are supervising the resistance training area when you hear a lot of clanging noise by the seated leg press machine. You observe a participant not controlling the descent of the weights. You suggest he slowly return the weights rather than letting them drop quickly. A day or two later, he reports that he felt more sore than usual after that workout. What accounts for this? Is it safe for him to exercise today?

### Response:
He is feeling more sore than usual because likely the weight was too heavy for him, and he was not able to control the descent of the weights properly, leading him to overexert himself in the exercise. He may want to rest a bit longer before returning to workout as normal, as he does not want to injure himself in the long run. In the process of not performing the seated leg press as he should (in a safe manner), he risks overusing his muscles, and maybe even tearing a muscle or ligament in the long run.


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### Instruction:
Name some popular American wine brands.

### Response:
Josh, E&J Gallo, Justin, Chateau Ste. Michelle, Little Penguin, Franzia, Sutter Home


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### Instruction:
What are the best tips for professional Safari  photography  ?

### Response:
-Patience is key, while most animals have predictable migratory patterns, a number of factors can occur to disrupt that. If you are in a vehicle, try driving around and finding other spots.
-Carry at least 2 cameras, one with a wide angle lens and one with telephoto lens. As you won’t have time to swap out lenses as different animals move around you.
-Gear can be very heavy, so don’t bring too large a telephoto lens, as shooting from a vehicle can be challenging.
-Be conscious of your surroundings, don’t be too distracted as you are still in an active environment and animals can react to you.


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### Instruction:
Tell me about the Mughal Empire?

### Input:
The Mughal Empire was an early-modern empire that controlled much of the Indian subcontinent between the 16th and 19th centuries.[10] For some two hundred years, the empire stretched from the outer fringes of the Indus river basin in the west, northern Afghanistan in the northwest, and Kashmir in the north, to the highlands of present-day Assam and Bangladesh in the east, and the uplands of the Deccan Plateau in South

### Response:
The Mughal empire is conventionally said to have been founded in 1526 by Babur, a warrior chieftain from what is today Uzbekistan, who employed aid from the neighboring Safavid and Ottoman empires,[12] to defeat the Sultan of Delhi, Ibrahim Lodi, in the First Battle of Panipat, and to sweep down the plains of North India. The Mughal imperial structure, however, is sometimes dated to 1600, to the rule of Babur's grandson, Akbar.[13] This imperial structure lasted until 1720, shortly after the death of the last major emperor, Aurangzeb,[14][15] during whose reign the empire also achieved its maximum geographical extent. Reduced subsequently to the region in and around Old Delhi by 1760, the empire was formally dissolved by the British Raj after the Indian Rebellion of 1857.


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### Instruction:
What should you do in a zombie apocalypse?

### Response:
Here are a few things you could do to stay safe in a zombie apocalypse:
1. Get a weapon
2. Grab a bunch of food
3. Get away from other people
4. Find a safe shelter


Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Meiolania, Tiger

### Response:
Tiger is alive, Meiolania is extinct.


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### Instruction:
Classify each of the following as moving horizontally or vertically: Elevator, sky diver, guillotine, car, rocket launch, boat

### Response:
Elevator: Vertically
Sky Diver: Vertically
Guillotine: Vertically
Car: Horizontally
Rocket Launch: Vertically
Boat: Horizontally


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### Instruction:
From the passage provided, extract the number of episodes that made up the seventh series of Waterloo Road.

### Input:
The seventh series of the British television drama series Waterloo Road began broadcasting on 4 May 2011, and ended on 25 April 2012 on BBC One. The series follows the lives of the faculty and pupils of the eponymous school, a failing inner-city comprehensive school. It consists of thirty episodes, shown in three blocks of ten episodes each.

### Response:
The seventh series of Waterloo Road had thirty episodes.


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### Instruction:
How many inhabitants of Lone Pine survived as a result of the earthquake? Tell me how you came to that conclusion.

### Input:
The earthquake occurred on a Tuesday morning and leveled almost all the buildings in Lone Pine and nearby settlements.[4] Of the estimated 250–300 inhabitants of Lone Pine, 27 are known to have perished and 52 of the 59 houses were destroyed. One report states that the main buildings were thrown down in almost every town

### Response:
It is estimated that between 223 and 273 inhabitants of Lone Pine survived the earthquake.

The passage shows that there was "an estimated 250–300 inhabitants of Lone Pine" and that "27 are known to have perished". If we subtract 27 from 250, you get 223, and if we subtract 27 from 300, we get 273. Therefore, it can be estimated that the number of inhabitants that survived the earthquake is between 223 and 273.


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### Instruction:
What is the job of Army Rangers?

### Response:
The 75th Ranger Regiment, also known as Army Rangers, is the U.S. Army's premier light infantry unit and special operations force within the United States Army Special Operations Command. The regiment is headquartered at Fort Benning, Georgia and is composed of a regimental headquarters company, a military intelligence battalion, a special troops battalion, and three Ranger battalions.


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### Instruction:
When was the Indian National Flag adopted

### Response:
22nd July 1947


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### Instruction:
Given this mechanism that the Tesla Model Y car uses to heat the interior cabin, what are some pros and cons of this design?

### Input:
The Model Y is Tesla's first car to use a heat pump instead of electric resistance for interior cabin heating. Some electric vehicles from other manufacturers, including the Nissan Leaf, Renault Zoe, BMW i3 EV, Jaguar I-Pace, Audi e-tron, and Kia Niro, had already implemented heat pumps. In cold weather, the Model

### Response:
The heat pump in the Tesla Model Y runs the same heating operations as other cars but much more efficiently, significantly increasing driving range for the same battery size. Most other cars use electric resistance heating which consumes much more energy to perform the same job.


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### Instruction:
Extract from the text the method encouraged to use in Apache Spark.

### Input:
Apache Spark has its architectural foundation in the resilient distributed dataset (RDD), a read-only multiset of data items distributed over a cluster of machines, that is maintained in a fault-tolerant way. The Dataframe API was released as an abstraction on top of the RDD, followed by the Dataset API. In Spark 1.x, the RDD was the primary application programming interface (API), but as of

### Response:
Dataset API


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### Instruction:
Is the following statement true or false: the earth is the third planet from the sun?

### Response:
The earth is the third planet from the sun in our solar system, so the statement is true.


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### Instruction:
Why is pricing important in the overall strategy of a product?

### Response:
When different profit levers like price, variable cost, fixed cost, volume of goods sold are compared, studies show that a 1% improvement in price can create the maximum operating profit improvement of 11.5% compared to only 2.3% through fixed costs. This goes to show that pricing can have a monumental impact on the bottom line.

This can be achieved by understanding different pricing strategies and how they can be executed through pricing tactics. The different pricing strategy includes using - 1. Cost-side factors (like fixed, variable costs, incremental break-even analysis); 2. Customer-side factors (like Economic Value Analysis (EVA); Price Elasticity of Demand; Measuring willingness to pay) 3. Competitive environment factors.

Based on the business context, these strategies can be implemented with tacts like price discrimination (e.g., bundling); non-linear pricing; price promotions (e.g., hi-lo pricing); and most of all understanding consumer psychology with respect to pricing (anchoring effect, decoy pricing, compromise effect, charm pricing, etc).


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### Instruction:
What is the difference between a guitar and a ukulele?

### Response:
While a ukulele might be thought of as a small guitar, there are actually numerous differences between the two instruments:
1. A ukulele has 4 strings while a guitar has 6 strings or sometimes 12
2. A ukulele's 4 strings are tuned differently from any consecutive series of a guitar's 4 strings


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### Instruction:
What is Dividend?

### Response:
If a company has profits to share out, it can pay a dividend. The shareholders get so much
dividend for each share they own.


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### Instruction:
Why was the Laos team disqualified?

### Input:
Also on 22 September, the men's doubles team for Sepak Takraw were bronze medalists. The Laos team were disqualified for failure to play their semi-final match. Singapore had the best record of the teams that were eliminated from progression to the semi-finals, which was the fifth best record of all teams after the group stage. The team consisted of Mohamad Farhan Amran, Muhammad Hafiz Nor Izam Ja'afar and Eddy Nor

### Response:
The Laos team was disqualified for failure to play their semi-final match.