{"document_id":"7c1eb67ba19216b6495d:0","document_content":"# The Incredible Shrinking Man\n***The Incredible Shrinking Man*** is a 1957 American science fiction film directed by Jack Arnold based on Richard Matheson\\'s 1956 novel *The Shrinking Man*. The film stars Grant Williams as Scott and Randy Stuart as Scott\\'s wife Louise. While relaxing on a boat, Scott is enveloped by a strange fog. Months later, he discovers that he appears to be shrinking. By the time Scott has reached the height of a small boy, his condition becomes known to the public. When he learns there is no cure for his condition, he lashes out at his wife. As Scott shrinks to the point he can fit into a doll house, he has a battle with his family cat, which leaves him lost and alone in his basement, where he is now smaller than the average insect.\nThe film\\'s storyline was expanded by Matheson after he had sold the story to Universal-International Pictures Co., Inc.\u00a0He also completed the novel upon which the film is based while production was under way. Matheson\\'s script was written in flashbacks, and Richard Alan Simmons rewrote it using a more conventional narrative structure. Director Jack Arnold initially wanted Dan O\\'Herlihy to play Scott. O\\'Herlihy turned down the role, leading Universal to sign Williams to star in the lead. Filming began on May 31, 1956. Scenes involving special effects were shot throughout production, while others used the large sets of Universal\\'s back lot. Production went over budget, and filming had to be extended; certain special effects shots required reshooting. Williams was constantly being injured on set.","parent_id":"7c1eb67ba19216b6495d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7c1eb67ba19216b6495d:1","document_content":"# The Incredible Shrinking Man\nBefore the film\\'s release in New York City on February 22, 1957, its ending first went to test audiences who felt the character\\'s fate should be changed. The director\\'s original ending remained in the film. The film grossed \\$1.43 million in the United States and Canada and was among the highest-grossing science fiction films of the 1950s. A sequel, *The Fantastic Little Girl*, originally penned by Matheson, never went into production. A remake was developed years later, eventually becoming the comedy *The Incredible Shrinking Woman* (1981). Other remakes were planned in the early 2000s, one of which was to star Eddie Murphy in a more comedic variation on the film. A new adaptation was announced in 2013, with Matheson writing the screenplay with his son Richard Christian Matheson. In 2009, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being \\\"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\\\".\n6ft 2in tall Robert Scott Carey, known as \\\"Scott\\\", is on vacation with his wife, Louise, when a strange mist covers him. Six months later, Scott notices his clothes are too large. Scott finds himself continuing to shrink, and seeks medical advice. At first dismissive, Scott\\'s doctor confirms his shrinking using X-rays. Scott is referred to a medical research institute, where it is determined Scott\\'s exposure to the mist, combined with his later exposure to a pesticide, rearranged his molecular structure, causing him to shrink. Scott tells Louise in light of his predicament she is free to leave him. Louise promises to stay, as Scott\\'s wedding ring falls off his finger.","parent_id":"7c1eb67ba19216b6495d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7c1eb67ba19216b6495d:2","document_content":"# The Incredible Shrinking Man\nScott\\'s condition makes him a national curiosity. Media attention forces Scott into seclusion inside his home. Scott is advised to sell his story and he begins keeping a journal of his experiences. His wife, who he was half a foot taller than, is like a giantess to the now three feet tall Scott. As a result of his size, he feels humiliated and lashes out at her in frustration. An antidote is found to arrest Scott\\'s shrinking, but doctors advise he will never return to his former size and will remain at his present height for the rest of his life. Emotionally broken, Scott goes out and meets a dwarf named Clarice who is the same height as him and is in town working in a carnival sideshow. Clarice encourages Scott and he is inspired to continue his journal. Later, Scott notices he is now shorter than Clarice, and runs home.\nScott shrinks small enough to live in a dollhouse and becomes more tyrannical. When Louise leaves home on an errand, Scott falls into his basement after Butch, the family cat, attacks him. Louise returns and assumes Butch ate Scott after she finds a bloody scrap of Scott\\'s clothing. Louise prepares to move out, with Scott\\'s brother, Charlie, helping.\nScott encounters much hardship navigating his basement. The water heater bursts, but when Charlie and Louise come to investigate, Scott is too small for them to hear his screams for help. Scott next battles a large spider while finding food and shelter for himself. He ultimately kills the spider with a straight pin, and collapses in exhaustion. He awakens small enough to escape the basement through one of the squares of a window screen. Scott accepts his fate of shrinking to sub-atomic size. He is no longer afraid, concluding that no matter how small he becomes, he will still matter in the universe because God will know he exists.\nCast adapted from the American Film Institute.\n\n### Development and pre-production\n`Producer\u00a0Albert\u00a0Zugsmith\u00a0initially\u00a0wanted\u00a0Dan\u00a0O'Herlihy\u00a0(pictured)\u00a0to\u00a0play\u00a0the\u00a0role\u00a0of\u00a0Scott\u00a0Carey.`","parent_id":"7c1eb67ba19216b6495d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7c1eb67ba19216b6495d:3","document_content":"# The Incredible Shrinking Man\n### Development and pre-production\nRichard Matheson\\'s idea for the original novel was inspired by a scene in the film *Let\\'s Do It Again*, where Ray Milland\\'s character leaves an apartment with the wrong hat. It is much too large for Milland and sinks down around his head and ears. Matheson sold the rights to Universal on the condition that he write the screenplay. It was Matheson\\'s first screenplay, a writing format he felt he adapted to quickly. Matheson\\'s initial script followed Scott Carey already shrunken and battling a spider in his basement. His rewrite is told in flashback form: scenes of Carey and the spider are interspersed with scenes telling the story of Carey\\'s gradual loss in height.\nThe film was already into its second month of production before the novel was published in May 1956 by Gold Medal Books. Producer Albert Zugsmith added the word \\\"Incredible\\\" to Matheson\\'s title and passed the script to Richard Alan Simmons, who removed the script\\'s flashback structure. Matheson later discussed working with Universal, finding that the producer had a \\\"very commercial mind\\\" which made the script weaker in terms of character. In an interview in *Cinefantastique* magazine, Matheson stated he protested sharing a screen credit with Simmons. The screen credits list Matheson as the writer, while the shooting script lists both Matheson and Simmons.\nPre-production was originally set to begin on April 20, 1956, but it started officially on April 24. The cast consisted of mostly unknown actors. Director Jack Arnold phoned Randy Stuart, who was a personal friend, asking if she would be interested in doing the film. Zugsmith initially wanted Dan O\\'Herlihy to play the role of Scott Carey. O\\'Herlihy had just been nominated for an Academy Award for his role in *Robinson Crusoe*. After reading the script, he refused to play another isolated character, not wanting to be typecast in that kind of role. Grant Williams was cast because Universal had him pegged to become a star. On April 4, 1956, Williams and Stuart were screen tested and deemed acceptable for the roles of Scott and Louise Carey.","parent_id":"7c1eb67ba19216b6495d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7c1eb67ba19216b6495d:4","document_content":"# The Incredible Shrinking Man\n### Filming\nOn the first day of production, May 31, Universal\\'s operating committee decided that because of the type of special photography involved in the making of the film, the publicity department would cooperate by publicizing a closed-door policy on the set. On-set photography would not be allowed while the film was shot to stimulate public and trade interest. Shooting took either five or six weeks, including the special effects sequences. The budget ranged between \\$700,000 and \\$800,000. Film critic Kim Newman said the budget was \\\"not expensive\\\", with most of it used for special effects.\nSome special effects shots were the earliest taken for the picture. For example, shots with Randy Stuart were taken against a black velvet backdrop and then composited with shots of Williams on an enlarged living room set. Their movements were synchronized using negatives from the first exposed scene in the camera gate, with the opposite done for the other scene. Sound production began on May 31. An oversized dollhouse was built for Williams on Stage 28. It had previously been used for *The Phantom of the Opera* and *Dracula*. Arnold said he filmed scenes with the cat in a normal studio with an animal trainer who had about 40 identical cats. To coax the cat to approach the dollhouse, Arnold hid food in it so the cat would find a way into the house. Later he timed the cat\\'s reactions and directed Williams accordingly to react to the cat. Arnold first attempted to follow the novel and use a black widow spider. After preliminary tests, he found black widows were too small to use properly in the film. In an interview with Tom Weaver, Randy Stuart said the spiders presented problems. The overhead lamps on the set had to be turned up high, leading to the deaths of 24 tarantulas. They were directed with little puffs of air, a technique which had been used previously in Arnold\\'s film *Tarantula*. Despite sources suggesting otherwise, the films did not use the same tarantulas.","parent_id":"7c1eb67ba19216b6495d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7c1eb67ba19216b6495d:5","document_content":"# The Incredible Shrinking Man\n### Filming\nMany of the basement scenes were shot on Stage 12 of Universal Studios which, according to Tom Weaver, was one of the largest sound stages in the world at the time. While trying to find a way to simulate giant drops of water landing, Arnold recalled a time when he was a child and found condoms in his father\\'s drawer. Not knowing what they were, he filled them with water and dropped them. Arnold ordered about 100 condoms and placed them on a treadmill so they would drop in sequence. The flood scene was shot on July 2 and 3. There was a 20-minute delay in filming because of a bad camera cable. There was a further delay from 11:05\u00a0am to 11:25\u00a0am to allow water to drain so a crane could be used properly. These scenes involved nine-hour workdays. When the actors were not filming, they were sent to have publicity shots taken.\nThe film was originally shot in the standard 4:3 aspect ratio, but midway through filming, on June 22, it was decided that the remaining footage would be shot in 1.75:1. The belief was this would give the film a better look, as a shorter frame would allow the production department to scale down the height of certain props for the special effects. During this period, Grant Williams suffered the first of many injuries on set. On June 22, he reported to the studio hospital with a scratched leg; on June 29, he had to leave the set to be treated for an eye condition; and on July 2 he both had to be driven to the hospital for further treatment for his eyes and was sent to the studio hospital with blisters and scratches from climbing sets. Due to Williams\\' injuries and some special effects shots being too bright, the film was four days behind schedule and \\$25,000 over budget.\n\n### Post-production\nSpecial effects shots using black velvet trick photography took three weeks of post-production and were scheduled after the film completed production on July 13, 1956. Warren described the special effects as \\\"hard to assign correctly.\\\" Clifford Stine, whose field was process work and rear screen projection, is credited with \\\"special photography\\\". The boat scene at the beginning of the film was shot on Universal\\'s process stage, which allowed for rear screen projection. Shots of Scott in certain scenes, such as his encounter with the mist, were shot with him against a black velvet back drop.","parent_id":"7c1eb67ba19216b6495d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7c1eb67ba19216b6495d:6","document_content":"# The Incredible Shrinking Man\n### Post-production\nAccording to Randy Stuart, the film\\'s ending had Williams return to his original size, which Matheson felt was the wrong ending for the story. Arnold argued with Universal over the ending. The studio wanted a happy ending, while he wanted the original ending that had been shot. To decide on which ending to use, a test screening was held to judge the audience\\'s reaction. Lucas said audience review cards from a December 7 preview screening in California included comments reacting to the ending such as: \\\"Should\\'ve had a different ending, should\\'ve grown again.\\\" and \\\"What happened at the end?\\\". On the overall quality of the film, comments included, \\\"Can\\'t you do any better? This is pretty sad.\\\" \\\"You scared my son to death.\\\" and \\\"This is an insult to the brain power of my two-year old son\\\". The film was released with Arnold\\'s original ending intact. After its release, Mel Danner, manager of the Circle Theater in Waynoka, Oklahoma, noted audiences felt it was a good film, but that Carey should have returned to his original size at the end.\n*The Incredible Shrinking Man* opened in New York on February 22, 1957. This was followed by a screening in Los Angeles on March 27, 1957, and a wider release in April. Actress Randy Stuart recalled the film was either \\\"second or third, I think third, after *The Ten Commandments*\\\" in terms of how much money it made against what it cost. *Variety* reported that by the end of the year it had grossed \\$1.43 million, making it one of the highest grossing science fiction films of the decade (for comparison, *20,000 Leagues Under the Sea* grossed \\$8 million, *Journey to the Center of the Earth* grossed \\$4.8 million, *The Thing from Another World* grossed \\$1.95 million, and *Invasion of the Body Snatchers* grossed \\$1.2 million).","parent_id":"7c1eb67ba19216b6495d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7c1eb67ba19216b6495d:7","document_content":"# The Incredible Shrinking Man\n### Post-production\nThe film was reissued theatrically in 1964, but otherwise was rarely shown on television and screened only occasionally at science fiction conventions. It was released on laser disc in 1978 and 1991, on VHS in 1992, and on DVD in 2006 (as part of a box set containing a collection of Universal-International\\'s science fiction films). Arrow Video released the film on Blu-ray in 2017. In July 2021, The Criterion Collection announced a blu-ray of the film with a new 4K digital restoration; its bonus material includes audio commentary from Tom Weaver and David Schecter.\nArnold\\'s biographer Dana M. Reemes described *The Incredible Shrinking Man* as initially being received as a routine to above average film; its reception has steadily grown ever since. Philip K. Scheuer of the *Los Angeles Times* called the film \\\"a fascinating exercise in imagination, as terrifying as it is funny \\... Science-fiction admirers who are accustomed to finding food for thought as well as vicarious thrills in such flights of fancy will not be disappointed, either.\\\"\nThe *Monthly Film Bulletin* praised the film, and declared it a \\\"horrifying story that grips the imagination throughout\\\", one that \\\"straightforward, macabre, and as startlingly original as a vintage Ray Bradbury short story, for all its peaceful and resigned conclusion---opens new vistas of cosmic terror\\\". Bosley Crowther of *The New York Times* panned the film, writing that \\\"unless a viewer is addicted to freakish ironies, the unlikely spectacle of Mr.\u00a0Williams losing an inch of height each week, while his wife, Randy Stuart, looks on helplessly, will become tiresome before Universal has emptied its lab of science-fiction clich\u00e9s.\\\" \\\"Brog.\\\" of *Variety* commented that the film was not thoroughly satisfactory, but had enough good qualities, specifically declaring \\\"unfoldment is inclined to slow down on occasion, resulting in flagging interest here and there\\\". The review noted the special effects and cinematography were \\\"visually effective\\\", but that \\\"portions of the background score are overworked\\\", which distracted from the plot. The film was the winner of the first Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation in 1958. Tom Lehrer mocked its fictitious theme song, \\\"Incredible Shrinking Man, I Love You,\\\" on his 1959 album, *An Evening Wasted with Tom Lehrer*.","parent_id":"7c1eb67ba19216b6495d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7c1eb67ba19216b6495d:8","document_content":"# The Incredible Shrinking Man\n### Post-production\nMartin Rubin discussed the film in a 1974 issue of *Film Comment* and compared it to its contemporaries in the genre. He found it did not have the \\\"schoolboy cynicism and moralizing of a Roger Corman film, nor any of the hysteria common to the Red-scare science-fictioners of the Fifties\\\". He felt the story was well-suited to Jack Arnold, noting a \\\"WeIlesian director would have overinflated this film and compromised its sense of the ordinary with shadows and angles, while a more accomplished stylist of almost any other order would have softened it too much---such attitudes are better off in the horror film.\\\" Rubin also compared it the other science fiction films Arnold made in the 1950s---*The Creature From the Black Lagoon*, *It Came From Outer Space*, *Tarantula*, *Revenge of the Creature*, and *The Space Children*---finding them competitively \\\"interesting in patches\\\", but lacking in comparison to the \\\"unity and clarity\\\" of *The Incredible Shrinking Man*, which \\\"totally fulfills its central metaphor without being unduly constricted by it\\\".","parent_id":"7c1eb67ba19216b6495d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7c1eb67ba19216b6495d:9","document_content":"# The Incredible Shrinking Man\n### Post-production\nIan Nathan of *Empire* referred to the film as a classic of 1950s science fiction films, and noted how the everyday objects found at home are \\\"transformed into a terrifying vertiginous world fraught with peril. A confrontation with a \\'giant\\' spider, impressively realised, as are all the effects, for its day, has become one of the iconic image of the entire era.\\\" Tim Lucas declared that the film \\\"remains one of the perfectly realized science fiction films\\\", noting it was \\\"less about science then a masterful example of the \\'what if\\' branch of speculative human drama\\\".\nJack Arnold commented on science films made after *The Incredible Shrinking Man*, saying that since his films were financially successful, American International Pictures and Japanese studios developed similar productions, which he felt lacked in atmosphere or morals and were just stories about monsters. These included *The Amazing Colossal Man* and *Attack of the 50 Foot Woman*. Arnold was unable to sell a science fiction story after these films began appearing and went to England to create *The Mouse That Roared*, which he felt was a fantasy film that still had a deeper meaning to it. Arnold later declared *Mouse* as his favorite picture and that he thought \\\"almost as much of\\\" as *The Incredible Shrinking Man*. Arnold spoke about the film later in life after watching a revival screening of it, saying he was happy that audiences enjoyed the film and that they \\\"got all the nuances that I put in. It was a joy to me, just to watch their reaction to the film.\\\" Matheson discussed the film in an interview in John Bronsan\\'s *Horror People*, where he declared he only enjoyed the film after his son pointed out the film\\'s story structure, specifically that \\\"it didn\\'t have the usual story line, the usual happy ending. Actually it had no particular story line, it was very picaresque, it just wandered on.\\\" Matheson re-iterated his enjoyment of the film in *Cinefantastique*, finding himself able to appreciate the film with subsequent watches, finding the visuals as \\\"truly remarkable\\\" and that Arnold created \\\"quite a mood in the film.\\\" The film was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry in 2009.","parent_id":"7c1eb67ba19216b6495d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7c1eb67ba19216b6495d:10","document_content":"# The Incredible Shrinking Man\n### Proposed sequels and remakes\n`Richard\u00a0Matheson\u00a0wrote\u00a0a\u00a0follow-up\u00a0to\u00a0the\u00a0film\u00a0and\u00a0was\u00a0developing\u00a0a\u00a0new\u00a0adaption\u00a0of\u00a0his\u00a0book\u00a0in\u00a02013.`\nMatheson scripted a sequel to *The Incredible Shrinking Man* titled *The Fantastic Little Girl*. The film has Louise Carey certain that Scott is still alive. She returns home and finds herself shrinking and is injected with a new cure. The script also featured Scott in his microscopic world where he encounters strange eel-like creatures. The script was 43 pages long and described as inferior by author Bill Warren compared to the original film. Matheson said that, since the original film made \\\"a lot of money\\\", he was unsure why the sequel was not developed past the script stage. The script in its entirety was published in the book *Unrealized Dreams* in 2005. The reluctance to re-release the film for home video was because Universal intended to develop a pseudo-sequel to the film. This included John Landis developing, writing and directing *The Incredible Shrinking Woman*, which was cancelled by Universal after the project\\'s budget was found to be too high. The film was revived by Jane Wagner. Jack Arnold said he \\\"hated\\\" *The Incredible Shrinking Woman*, declaring the special effects weak and adding there was \\\"no point of view\\...the major fault is that it\\'s not a comedy even though they tried so hard to make it funny\\\".\nUniversal were attempting to work with Imagine Entertainment on a remake of the film to be directed by Keenen Ivory Wayans and starring Eddie Murphy in 2003. Following this, other directors were attached to the project, including Peter Segal and Brett Ratner, with Murphy still slated to star in a comedic version of the film. The rights to the source material lapsed by 2012 and were purchased by MGM. A new adaptation of *The Shrinking Man* was announced in 2013, with Matheson writing the screenplay with his son Richard Christian Matheson. The Mathesons commented that the new adaptation would modernise the story and reflect on advancements such as nanotechnology. The elder Matheson died on June 23, 2013.\n- List of American films of 1957\n- List of science fiction films of the 1950s","parent_id":"7c1eb67ba19216b6495d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"aaa544ca66c926a6a005:0","document_content":"# Invasion of the Body Snatchers\n***Invasion of the Body Snatchers*** is a 1956 American science fiction horror film produced by Walter Wanger, directed by Don Siegel, and starring Kevin McCarthy and Dana Wynter. The black-and-white film, shot in Superscope and in the film noir style. Daniel Mainwaring adapted the screenplay from Jack Finney\\'s 1954 science fiction novel *The Body Snatchers*. The film was released by Allied Artists Pictures as a double feature with the British science fiction film *The Atomic Man* (and in some markets with *Indestructible Man*).\nThe film\\'s storyline concerns an extraterrestrial invasion that begins in the fictional California town of Santa Mira. Alien plant spores have fallen from space and grown into large seed pods, each one capable of producing a visually identical copy of a human. As each pod reaches full development, it assimilates the physical traits, memories, and personalities of each sleeping person placed near it until only the replacement is left; these duplicates, however, are devoid of all human emotion. Little by little, a local doctor uncovers this \\\"quiet\\\" invasion and attempts to stop it.\nThe slang expression \\\"pod people\\\" that arose in late 20th-century U.S. culture refers to the emotionless duplicates seen in the film. *Invasion of the Body Snatchers* was selected in 1994 for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress for being \\\"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant.\\\"\nA psychiatrist, Dr.\u00a0Hill (Whit Bissell), is called to the emergency room of a California hospital, where a highly agitated man is being held in custody. Dr.\u00a0Hill agrees to listen to his story. The man identifies himself as a doctor, and recounts, in flashback, the events leading up to his arrest and arrival at the hospital.\nIn the nearby town of Santa Mira, Dr.\u00a0Miles Bennell (Kevin McCarthy) sees a number of patients apparently suffering from Capgras delusion, the belief that their relatives have somehow been replaced with identical-looking impostors.","parent_id":"aaa544ca66c926a6a005","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"aaa544ca66c926a6a005:1","document_content":"# Invasion of the Body Snatchers\nReturning from a trip, Miles meets his former girlfriend, Becky Driscoll (Dana Wynter), who has recently come back to town after a divorce. Becky\\'s cousin Wilma (Virginia Christine) expresses the same fear about her Uncle Ira, with whom she lives. Psychiatrist Dr.\u00a0Dan Kauffman (Larry Gates) assures Bennell that these cases are merely an \\\"epidemic of mass hysteria\\\".\nThat evening, Miles and Becky are urgently called to the home of Bennell\\'s friend, Jack Belicec (King Donovan), who has found what appears to be a dead body in his home. Inexplicably, the body has no discernible facial features or fingerprints but, to their horror, within a short period of time it begins to take on the exact physical features of Belicec. Later, another body is found in Becky\\'s basement that is her exact duplicate. When Bennell calls Dr.\u00a0Kauffman to the scene, the bodies have mysteriously disappeared, and Kauffman tells Bennell that he is falling for the same hysteria.\nThe following night, Bennell, Becky, Jack, and Jack\\'s wife Teddy (Carolyn Jones) again find duplicates of themselves, emerging from giant seed pods in Bennell\\'s greenhouse. They conclude that the townspeople are being replaced while asleep with exact physical copies. Bennell tries to make a long-distance call to federal authorities for help, but the phone operator claims that the long distance lines are all busy and the call can\\'t be put through, so Jack and Teddy drive off to seek help in the next town. Bennell and Becky soon realize that all of the town\\'s inhabitants have been replaced and are devoid of any sort of humanity. They hide at Bennell\\'s office for the night, vowing to stay awake so as not to be replaced by their duplicates.","parent_id":"aaa544ca66c926a6a005","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"aaa544ca66c926a6a005:2","document_content":"# Invasion of the Body Snatchers\nThe next morning, Bennell and Becky watch from the office window as truckloads of the giant pods arrive in the town center. They listen as Nick Grivett (the chief of police) (Ralph Dumke) directs the others to take them to neighboring towns to be planted and used to replace their populations. Kauffman and Belicec, both of whom are now also \\\"pod people\\\", arrive at Bennell\\'s office with new pods for Becky and Bennell. They reveal that an extraterrestrial life form is responsible for the invasion and that the pods, capable of replicating any life form, traveled through space and landed in a field. After their takeover, Kauffman explains, humanity will lose all emotions and sense of individuality, creating a simplistic, stress-free, superior world.\nAfter scuffling with and knocking out the aliens (Kauffman, Belicec, and Grivett), Bennell and Becky escape from the office. Outside, they pretend to be emotionless pod people but Becky screams when she sees a dog dart out into traffic, her reaction exposing their humanity. A town alarm is sounded and the couple flee on foot, pursued by a mob of pod people.\nExhausted, they manage to escape and hide in an abandoned mine outside town, struggling to stay awake so their bodies won\\'t be taken over. Later, they hear music, and Bennell leaves Becky briefly to investigate. Over a hill, he sees a large greenhouse farm with hundreds of giant seed pods being loaded onto trucks. Bennell returns to tell Becky, and upon kissing her, he realizes, to his horror, that she fell asleep before he returned and is now one of *them*. Becky sounds the alarm as Bennell runs away. He is again chased by the mob, and eventually finds himself on a crowded highway. After seeing a transport truck bound for San Francisco and Los Angeles filled with the pods, he frantically screams at the passing motorists, \\\"They\\'re here already! You\\'re next! You\\'re next!\\\"","parent_id":"aaa544ca66c926a6a005","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"aaa544ca66c926a6a005:3","document_content":"# Invasion of the Body Snatchers\nThe flashback ends with Bennell finishing his story back at the hospital. Dr.\u00a0Hill and the on-duty doctor step outside the room, the latter expressing his certainty that Bennell is psychotic. Just then, a truck driver is wheeled into the hall on a gurney after having been badly injured in an accident. The orderly tells the doctors that the man had to be dug out from under a load of giant pods coming from Santa Mira. Now finally believing Bennell\\'s story, Dr.\u00a0Hill calls for the police to block the roads in and out of Santa Mira while he alerts the FBI.\nStarring\n- Kevin McCarthy as Dr.\u00a0Miles Bennell\n- Dana Wynter as Becky Driscoll\n- King Donovan as Jack Belicec\n- Carolyn Jones as Theodora \\\"Teddy\\\" Belicec\nFeaturing\n- Larry Gates as Dr.\u00a0Dan Kauffman\n- Virginia Christine as Wilma Lentz\n- Ralph Dumke as Police Chief Nick Grivett\n- Kenneth Patterson as Stanley Driscoll\n- Guy Way as Officer Sam Janzek\n- Jean Willes as Nurse Sally Withers\n- Eileen Stevens as Anne Grimaldi\n- Beatrice Maude as Grandma Grimaldi\n- Whit Bissell (uncredited) as Dr.\u00a0Hill\n- Richard Deacon (uncredited) as Dr.\u00a0Bassett\n`In\u00a0this\u00a0colorized\u00a0still\u00a0from\u00a0the\u00a0film;\u00a0the\u00a0principal\u00a0cast\u00a0(`*`clockwise from top center`*`),\u00a0Carolyn\u00a0Jones\u00a0as\u00a0Teddy,\u00a0Kevin\u00a0McCarthy\u00a0as\u00a0Dr.\u00a0Miles\u00a0Bennell,\u00a0King\u00a0Donovan\u00a0as\u00a0Jack\u00a0Belicec,\u00a0and\u00a0Dana\u00a0Wynter\u00a0as\u00a0Becky\u00a0Driscoll,\u00a0discover\u00a0the\u00a0pods\u00a0growing.`\nWith\n- Bobby Clark as Jimmy Grimaldi\n- Tom Fadden as Uncle Ira Lentz\n- Everett Glass as Dr.\u00a0Ed Pursey\n- Dabbs Greer as Mac Lomax\n- Sam Peckinpah as Charlie, The Gas Meter Reader\n\n### Novel and screenplay\nJack Finney\\'s novel ends with the extraterrestrials, who have a life span of no more than five years, leaving Earth after they realize that humans are offering strong resistance, despite having little reasonable chance against the alien invasion.\n\n### Budgeting and casting\n*Invasion of the Body Snatchers* was originally scheduled for a 24-day shoot and a budget of US\\$454,864. The studio later asked Wanger to cut the budget significantly. The producer proposed a shooting schedule of 20 days and a budget of \\$350,000.","parent_id":"aaa544ca66c926a6a005","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"aaa544ca66c926a6a005:4","document_content":"# Invasion of the Body Snatchers\n### Budgeting and casting\nInitially, Wanger considered Gig Young, Dick Powell, Joseph Cotten, and several others for the role of Miles. For Becky, he considered casting Anne Bancroft, Donna Reed, Kim Hunter, Vera Miles, and others. With the lower budget, however, he abandoned these choices and cast Richard Kiley, who had just starred in *The Phenix City Story* for Allied Artists. Kiley turned the role down and Wanger cast Kevin McCarthy, an Academy Award nominee five years earlier for *Death of a Salesman*, and relative newcomer Dana Wynter, who had done several major dramatic roles on television.\nFuture director Sam Peckinpah had a small part as Charlie, a meter reader. Peckinpah was a dialogue coach on five Siegel films in the mid-1950s, including this one.\n\n### Principal photography\nOriginally, producer Wanger and Siegel wanted to film *Invasion of the Body Snatchers* on location in Mill Valley, California, the town just north of San Francisco, that Jack Finney described in his novel. In the first week of January 1955, Siegel, Wanger, and screenwriter Daniel Mainwaring visited Finney to talk about the film version and to look at Mill Valley. The location proved too expensive, and Siegel with Allied Artist executives, found locations resembling Mill Valley in the Los Angeles area, including Sierra Madre, Chatsworth, Glendale, Los Feliz, Bronson, and Beachwood Canyons, all of which went on to make up the fictional town of \\\"Santa Mira\\\" for the film. In addition to these outdoor locations, much of the film was shot in the Allied Artists studio on the east side of Hollywood.\n*Invasion of the Body Snatchers* was shot by cinematographer Ellsworth Fredericks in 23 days between March 23 and April 27, 1955. The cast and crew worked a six-day week with Sundays off. The production went over schedule by three days because of the night-for-night shooting that Siegel wanted. Additional photography took place in September 1955, filming a frame story on which the studio had insisted (see Original intended ending). The final budget was \\$382,190.","parent_id":"aaa544ca66c926a6a005","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"aaa544ca66c926a6a005:5","document_content":"# Invasion of the Body Snatchers\n### Post-production\nThe project was originally named *The Body Snatchers* after the Finney serial. However, Wanger wanted to avoid confusion with the 1945 Val Lewton film *The Body Snatcher*. The producer was unable to come up with a title and accepted the studio\\'s choice, *They Come from Another World* and that was assigned in summer 1955. Siegel objected to this title and suggested two alternatives, *Better Off Dead* and *Sleep No More*, while Wanger offered *Evil in the Night* and *World in Danger*. None of these were chosen, and the studio settled on *Invasion of the Body Snatchers* in late 1955. The film was released at the time in France under the mistranslated title \\\"*L\\'invasion des profanateurs de s\u00e9pultures*\\\" (literally: *Invasion of the defilers of tombs*), which remains unchanged today.\nWanger wanted to add a variety of speeches and prefaces. He suggested a voice-over introduction for Miles. While the film was being shot, Wanger tried to get permission in England to use a Winston Churchill quotation as a preface to the film. The producer sought out Orson Welles to voice the preface and a trailer for the film. He wrote speeches for Welles\\' opening on June 15, 1955, and worked to persuade Welles to do it, but was unsuccessful. Wanger considered science fiction author Ray Bradbury instead, but this did not happen, either. Mainwaring eventually wrote the voice-over narration himself.\nThe studio scheduled three film previews on the last days of June and the first day of July 1955. According to Wanger\\'s memos at the time, the previews were successful. Later reports by Mainwaring and Siegel, however, contradict this, claiming that audiences could not follow the film and laughed in the wrong places. In response the studio removed much of the film\\'s humor, \\\"humanity\\\" and \\\"quality,\\\" according to Wanger. He scheduled another preview in mid-August that also did not go well. In later interviews Siegel pointed out that it was studio policy not to mix humor with horror.","parent_id":"aaa544ca66c926a6a005","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"aaa544ca66c926a6a005:6","document_content":"# Invasion of the Body Snatchers\n### Post-production\nWanger saw the final cut in December 1955 and protested the use of the Superscope aspect ratio. Its use had been included in early plans for the film, but the first print was not made until December. Wanger felt that the film lost sharpness and detail. Siegel originally shot *Invasion of the Body Snatchers* in the 1.85:1 aspect ratio. Superscope was a post-production laboratory process designed to create an anamorphic print from non-anamorphic source material that would be projected at an aspect ratio of 2.00:1.\n\n### Original intended ending\nBoth Siegel and Mainwaring were satisfied with the film as shot. It was originally meant to end with Miles screaming as truckloads of pods pass him by. The studio, wary of a pessimistic conclusion, insisted on adding a prologue and epilogue suggesting a more optimistic outcome to the story, which is thus told mainly in flashback. In this version the film begins with a ranting Bennell in custody in a hospital emergency ward. He then tells a consulting psychiatrist (Whit Bissell) his story. In the closing scene pods are found at a highway accident, confirming his warning. The Federal Bureau of Investigation is notified.\nMainwaring scripted this framing story and Siegel shot it on September 16, 1955, at the Allied Artists studio. In a later interview Siegel complained, \\\"The film was nearly ruined by those in charge at Allied Artists who added a preface and ending that I don\\'t like\\\". In his autobiography Siegel added that \\\"Wanger was very much against this, as was I. However, he begged me to shoot it to protect the film, and I reluctantly consented ...\\\".\nWhile the Internet Movie Database states that the film had been revised to its original ending for a re-release in 1979, Steve Biodrowski of *Cinefantastique* magazine notes that the film was still being shown with the complete footage, including a 2005 screening at the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, honoring director Don Siegel.\nAlthough most reviewers disliked it, George Turner (in *American Cinematographer*) and Danny Peary (in *Cult Movies*) endorsed the subsequently added frame story. Nonetheless, Peary emphasized that the added scenes changed significantly what he saw as the film\\'s original intention.","parent_id":"aaa544ca66c926a6a005","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"aaa544ca66c926a6a005:7","document_content":"# Invasion of the Body Snatchers\n### Theatrical release\nWhen the film was released domestically in February 1956, many theaters displayed several pods made of papier-m\u00e2ch\u00e9 in theater lobbies and entrances, along with large lifelike black and white cutouts of McCarthy and Wynter running away from a crowd. The film earned more than \\$1 million in the first month, and in 1956 alone earned more than \\$2.5 million in the U.S. When the film was released in the U.K. (with cuts imposed by the British censors) in late 1956, the film earned more than a half million dollars in ticket sales.\nSome reviewers saw in the story a commentary on the dangers facing the United States for turning a blind eye to McCarthyism. Leonard Maltin wrote of a McCarthy-era subtext, or of bland conformity in postwar Eisenhower-era America. Others viewed it as an allegory for the loss of personal autonomy in the Soviet Union or communist systems in general.\nFor the BBC, David Wood summarized the circulating popular interpretations of the film as follows: \\\"The sense of post-war, anti-communist paranoia is acute, as is the temptation to view the film as a metaphor for the tyranny of the McCarthy era.\\\" Danny Peary in *Cult Movies* pointed out that the studio-mandated addition of the framing story had changed the film\\'s stance from anti-McCarthyite to anti-communist. Michael Dodd of *The Missing Slate* has called the movie \\\"one of the most multifaceted horror films ever made\\\", arguing that by \\\"simultaneously exploiting the contemporary fear of infiltration by undesirable elements as well as a burgeoning concern over homeland totalitarianism in the wake of Senator Joseph McCarthy\\'s notorious communist witch hunt, it may be the clearest window into the American psyche that horror cinema has ever provided\\\".","parent_id":"aaa544ca66c926a6a005","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"aaa544ca66c926a6a005:8","document_content":"# Invasion of the Body Snatchers\n### Theatrical release\nIn *An Illustrated History of the Horror Film*, Carlos Clarens saw a trend manifesting itself in science fiction films, dealing with dehumanization and fear of the loss of individual identity, being historically connected to the end of \\\"the Korean War and the well publicized reports of brainwashing techniques\\\". Comparing *Invasion of the Body Snatchers* with Robert Aldrich\\'s *Kiss Me Deadly* and Orson Welles\\' *Touch of Evil*, Brian Neve found a sense of disillusionment rather than straightforward messages, with all three films being \\\"less radical in any positive sense than reflective of the decline of the screenwriters\\' great liberal hopes\\\".\nDespite a general agreement among film critics regarding these political connotations of the film, actor Kevin McCarthy said in an interview included on the 1998 DVD release that he felt no political allegory was intended. The interviewer stated that he had spoken with the author of the novel, Jack Finney, who professed no specific political allegory in the work. DVD commentary track, quoted in Feo Amante\\'s homepage.\nIn his autobiography, *I Thought We Were Making Movies, Not History*, Walter Mirisch writes: \\\"People began to read meanings into pictures that were never intended. *The Invasion of the Body Snatchers* is an example of that. I remember reading a magazine article arguing that the picture was intended as an allegory about the communist infiltration of America. From personal knowledge, neither Walter Wanger nor Don Siegel, who directed it, nor Dan Mainwaring, who wrote the script nor original author Jack Finney, nor myself saw it as anything other than a thriller, pure and simple\\\".","parent_id":"aaa544ca66c926a6a005","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"aaa544ca66c926a6a005:9","document_content":"# Invasion of the Body Snatchers\n### Theatrical release\nDon Siegel spoke more openly of an existing allegorical subtext, but denied a strictly political point of view: \\\"... I felt that this was a very important story. I think that the world is populated by pods and I wanted to show them. I think so many people have no feeling about cultural things, no feeling of pain, of sorrow. ... The political reference to Senator McCarthy and totalitarianism was inescapable but I tried not to emphasize it because I feel that motion pictures are primarily to entertain and I did not want to preach\\\". Film scholar J.P. Telotte wrote that Siegel intended for pods to be seductive; their spokesperson, a psychiatrist, was chosen to provide an authoritative voice that would appeal to the desire to \\\"abdicate from human responsibility in an increasingly complex and confusing modern world.\\\"\n\n### Critical reception\nThough *Invasion of the Body Snatchers* was largely ignored by critics on its initial run, Filmsite.org ranked it as one of the best films of 1956. The film holds a 98% approval rating and 9\/10 rating at the film review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes. The site\\'s consensus reads: \\\"One of the best political allegories of the 1950s, *Invasion of the Body Snatchers* is an efficient, chilling blend of sci-fi and horror\\\".\nIn recent years critics such as Dan Druker of the *Chicago Reader* have called the film a \\\"genuine Sci-Fi classic\\\". Leonard Maltin described *Invasion of the Body Snatchers* as \\\"influential, and still very scary\\\". *Time Out* called the film one of the \\\"most resonant\\\" and \\\"one of the simplest\\\" of the genre. Mark Steyn described it as \"a big film\", despite its limited budget.","parent_id":"aaa544ca66c926a6a005","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"aaa544ca66c926a6a005:10","document_content":"# Invasion of the Body Snatchers\n### Legacy\n*Invasion of the Body Snatchers* was selected in 1994 for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being \\\"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\\\". In June 2008, the American Film Institute revealed its \\\"Ten top Ten\\\"\u00a0--- the best ten films in ten \\\"classic\\\" American film genres\u00a0--- after polling more than 1,500 people from the creative community. *Invasion of the Body Snatchers* was acknowledged as the ninth best film in the science fiction genre. The film was also placed on AFI\\'s *AFI\\'s 100 Years \\... 100 Thrills*, a list of America\\'s most heart-pounding films.\nThe film was included on Bravo\\'s *100 Scariest Movie Moments*. Similarly, the Chicago Film Critics Association named it the 29th scariest film ever made. IGN ranked it as the 15th best sci-fi picture. *Time* magazine included *Invasion of the Body Snatchers* on their list of 100 all-time best films, the top 10 1950s Sci-Fi Movies, and Top 25 Horror Films. In 1999, *Entertainment Weekly* listed it as the 53rd best movie of all-time. Similarly, the book *Four Star Movies: The 101 Greatest Films of All Time* placed the movie at #60.\nThe film was released on DVD in 1998 by U.S.-label Republic (an identical re-release by Artisan followed in 2002); it includes the Superscope version plus a 1.375:1 Academy ratio version. The latter is not the original full frame edition, but a pan and scan reworking of the Superscope edition that loses visual detail.\nDVD editions exist on the British market (including a computer colorized version), German market (as *Die D\u00e4monischen*) and Spanish market (as *La Invasi\u00f3n de los Ladrones de Cuerpos*).","parent_id":"aaa544ca66c926a6a005","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"aaa544ca66c926a6a005:11","document_content":"# Invasion of the Body Snatchers\n### Legacy\nSeveral Blu-ray Disc versions have been released including two bare-bones Blu-ray Disc editions by Olive Films in 2012 and German company Al!ve (under the title *Die D\u00e4monischen*) in 2018. Sinister Films released a Blu-ray in Italy on March 18, 2014. This version, under the title *L\\'Invasione degli Ultracorpi*, contained many special features including an interview with lead actor Kevin McCarthy and the 1957 *Studio One* episode entitled \\\"The Night America Trembled\\\", an unreleased filmed reconstruction of the famous Orson Welles radio transmission \\\"War of the Worlds\\\", starring Ed Asner, James Coburn, and Warren Beatty. Olive Films subsequently released a special edition Blu-ray in 2018, containing extensive bonus features including several featurettes, two Audio Commentaries, one with film historian Richard Harland Smith and a second with actors Kevin McCarthy and Dana Wynter, and filmmaker Joe Dante, and a 1985 archival interview with actor Kevin McCarthy.\nThe film was remade several times, including as *Invasion of the Body Snatchers* (1978), *Body Snatchers* (1993), and *The Invasion* (2007).\nAn untitled fourth remake from Warner Bros.\u00a0is in development. David Leslie Johnson was signed to be the screenwriter.\nIt briefly inspired *Assimilate* (2019) which is also inspired by *The Body Snatchers* of the same name.\nThe film was the basis for the 2013 science fiction comedy *The World\\'s End* and it has inspired two TV series, ABC\\'s *Invasion* (2005 TV series), Apple TV+\\'s *Invasion* (2021 TV series), and a subplot in Netflix\\'s *Another Life* (2019 TV series).\nRobert A. Heinlein had previously developed this subject in his 1951 novel *The Puppet Masters*, written in 1950. *The Puppet Masters* was later plagiarized as the 1958 film *The Brain Eaters*, and adapted under contract in the 1994 film *The Puppet Masters*.\nThere are several thematically related works that followed Finney\\'s 1955 novel *The Body Snatchers*, including Val Guest\\'s *Quatermass 2* and Gene Fowler\\'s *I Married a Monster from Outer Space*.","parent_id":"aaa544ca66c926a6a005","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"aaa544ca66c926a6a005:12","document_content":"# Invasion of the Body Snatchers\n### Legacy\nA Looney Tunes parody of the film was released, entitled *Invasion of the Bunny Snatchers* (1992). The adaptation was directed by Greg Ford and places Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, Elmer Fudd, Yosemite Sam, and Porky Pig in the various roles of the story.\nIn 2018 theater company Team Starkid created the musical parody *The Guy Who Didn\\'t Like Musicals*, the story of a Midwestern town that is overtaken by a singing alien hivemind. The musical parodies numerous horror and musical tropes, while the main character also wears within the show a suit reminiscent of Bennell\\'s wardrobe.\nThe May 1981 issue of *National Lampoon* featured a parody titled \\\"Invasion of the Money Snatchers\\\"; the gentile population of Whiteville is taken over by pastrami sandwiches from outer space and turned into Jews.\nThe film was also parodied in the 2012 *SpongeBob SquarePants* episode \\\"Planet of the Jellyfish\\\" (referencing *Planet of the Vampires* and *Planet of the Apes*) featuring characters from Bikini Bottom being replaced by alien clones in their sleep.\n- Grant, Barry Keith. 2010. *Invasion of the body snatchers.* New York: Palgrave Macmillan.\n- List of American films of 1956","parent_id":"aaa544ca66c926a6a005","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"3eefce7999e92f6a2f24:0","document_content":"# East of Eden (film)\n***East of Eden*** is a 1955 American period drama film directed by Elia Kazan, and loosely based on the fourth and final part of the 1952 novel of the same name by John Steinbeck. It is about a wayward young man who, while seeking his own identity, vies for the affection of his deeply religious father against his favored brother, thus retelling the story of Cain and Abel.\nThe film stars Julie Harris, James Dean (in his first major screen role), and Raymond Massey. It also features Burl Ives, Richard Davalos, and Jo Van Fleet (also her first screen role), and was adapted by Paul Osborn.\nAlthough set in early 20th century Monterey, California, much of the film was actually shot on location in Mendocino, California. Some scenes were filmed in the Salinas Valley. Of the three films in which James Dean played the lead, this is the only one to have been released during his lifetime.\nThe film, along with Dean\\'s other films *Rebel Without a Cause* and *Giant*, was named one of the 400 best American films of all time by the American Film Institute.\nIn 2016, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being \\\"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\\\".\nThe plot line is loosely based on the biblical story of Cain and Abel. The story is set in 1917, during World War I, in the central California coastal towns of Monterey and Salinas. Cal and Aron are the young adult sons of a farmer and wartime draft board chairman, Adam Trask, with whom they live in the Salinas valley. Adam is a deeply religious Christian. Cal is moody and embittered by his belief that his father loves only Aron. Aron is courting his girlfriend, Abra. According to Adam, the boys\\' mother, Kate, is dead and \\\"gone to heaven\\\". However, Cal discovers Kate operates a brothel in nearby Monterey, but does not immediately reveal this to Aron.","parent_id":"3eefce7999e92f6a2f24","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"3eefce7999e92f6a2f24:1","document_content":"# East of Eden (film)\nAfter Adam\\'s idealistic plans for a long-haul vegetable shipping business venture end in a loss of thousands of dollars, Cal decides to enter the bean-growing business, as a way of recouping the money his father lost. He knows that if the United States enters the war, the price of beans will skyrocket. Cal hopes this will finally earn him the love and respect of his father. He asks Kate to borrow the \\$5,000 capital he needs.\nMeanwhile, Aron\\'s girlfriend Abra gradually finds herself attracted to Cal, who seems to reciprocate her feelings.\nCal\\'s bean venture is successful, and he decides to give the profits to Adam for his birthday at a surprise party planned by him and Abra. As the party begins, Aron suddenly announces that he and Abra are engaged. While Adam is openly pleased with the news, both Abra and Cal are uneasy due to their emerging relationship with each other. Cal makes a surprise birthday present of the money to his father; however, Adam refuses to accept any money earned by what he regards as war profiteering. Cal does not understand, and sees his father\\'s refusal to accept the gift as just another emotional rejection. When the distraught Cal leaves the room, Abra goes after him, to console him as best she can. Aron follows and orders Cal to stay away from her.","parent_id":"3eefce7999e92f6a2f24","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"3eefce7999e92f6a2f24:2","document_content":"# East of Eden (film)\nIn anger, Cal takes Aron to see what has become of their mother, pushes Aron into Kate\\'s arms, and returns home alone. When his father demands to know where his brother is, Cal initially responds \\\"I\\'m not my brother\\'s keeper,\\\" but then tells him. The shock drives the pacifistic Aron to get drunk, lose his mind and then board a troop train to enlist in the army. When Sam, the sheriff, brings the news, Adam rushes to the train station in a futile attempt to dissuade him; he fails and can only watch helplessly as his son smashes his head through the rail car window, and the train steams away from him with Aron\\'s head out the window maniacally laughing at him.\nAdam then suffers a stroke, which leaves him paralyzed and unable to communicate. Cal tries to talk to him, but gets no response and leaves the bedroom. Abra pleads with Adam to show Cal some affection before it is too late. She persuades Cal to go back into the room. When Cal makes his last bid for acceptance before leaving town, his father manages to speak. He tells his son to get rid of the annoying nurse and not to get anyone else, but to stay and take care of him himself. The film ends with Cal, alone, sitting by his father\\'s bedside, the emotional chasm between the father and son apparently closing.\nJulie Harris and James Dean in *East of Eden*\nDirector Elia Kazan first toyed with the idea of casting Marlon Brando as Cal and Montgomery Clift as Aron, but at 30 and 34 years old, respectively, they were simply too old to play teenage brothers. Paul Newman, who was one year younger than Brando, was a finalist for the part of Cal, which eventually was played by James Dean, who was six years younger than Newman.\nNewman and Dean, who were up for the part of Cal, screen tested together for the parts of the rival brothers. In the end, Richard Davalos got the part of Aron. This was his screen debut.\nJulie Harris was cast as Abra James. Executive producer Jack L. Warner was opposed to her casting, because she was ten years older than her character.","parent_id":"3eefce7999e92f6a2f24","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"3eefce7999e92f6a2f24:3","document_content":"# East of Eden (film)\nKazan denied rumors that he didn\\'t like Dean: \\\"You can\\'t not like a guy with that much pain in him... You know how a dog will be mean and snarl at you, then you pat him, and he\\'s all over you with affection? That\\'s the way Dean was.\\\" Kazan did intervene sternly, however, when Dean started to feel his power as a hotly emerging star and treated crew members disrespectfully.\nThe underlying theme of *East of Eden* is a biblical reference to the brothers Cain and Abel. Cal is constantly struggling to earn his father\\'s approval. The relationship between Cal and his father is a stressful one and is not resolved until late in the story, after his father suffers a paralyzing stroke. In his paralyzed state and with the help of Julie Harris\\' character, Abra, Cal\\'s father finally expresses his suppressed love for the boy.\nOther themes touched upon in the film include anti-German xenophobia, specifically as wrought against a local German immigrant as resentment about United States entry into World War I grew. The themes of young love and sibling rivalry are also present in the film, as Aron\\'s girlfriend finds herself increasingly drawn to the more rebellious Cal.\nDave Kehr of the *Chicago Reader* praised the adaptation by Kazan and the \\\"down-to-earth\\\" performances of James Dean and Richard Davalos. Bosley Crowther, writing for *The New York Times*, described the film as having \\\"energy and intensity but little clarity and emotion\\\"; he notes:\nAccording to Truman Capote, \\\"many critics reviewing the film remarked on the well-nigh plagiaristic resemblance between Dean\\'s acting mannerisms and Marlon Brando\\|Marlon Brando\\'s.\\\" Bosley Crowther called Dean\\'s performance a \\\"mass of histrionic gingerbread\\\" which clearly emulated the style of Brando. Kate Cameron, of the *New York Daily News*, on the other hand, proclaimed Dean \\\"a new star\\\" who had \\\"walked away with most of the honors.\\\" While conceding that he did \\\"sound at times like Marlon Brando,\\\" she called him \\\"a fine actor\\\" who \\\"plays his first film role with a naturalness that is completely convincing.\\\"","parent_id":"3eefce7999e92f6a2f24","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"3eefce7999e92f6a2f24:4","document_content":"# East of Eden (film)\nFifty years later, film critic Kenneth Turan of the *Los Angeles Times* was much more positive, saying *East of Eden* is \\\"not only one of Kazan\\'s richest films and Dean\\'s first significant role, it is also arguably the actor\\'s best performance.\\\" The film\\'s depiction of the interaction between Dean and Massey was characterized by Turan as \\\"the paradigmatic generational conflict in all of American film.\\\"\nActor Leonardo DiCaprio stated in an interview with MTV that *East of Eden* was the film that made him \\\"obsessed with movies\\\".\n`Award`\n`Category`\n`Nominee(s)`\n`Result`\n`Academy\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Director`\n`Elia\u00a0Kazan`\n`Best\u00a0Actor`\n`James\u00a0Dean\u00a0(posthumous\u00a0nomination)`\n`Best\u00a0Supporting\u00a0Actress`\n`Jo\u00a0Van\u00a0Fleet`\n`Best\u00a0Screenplay`\n`Paul\u00a0Osborn`\n`Blue\u00a0Ribbon\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Foreign\u00a0Film`\n`Elia\u00a0Kazan`\n`Bodil\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0American\u00a0Film`\n`British\u00a0Academy\u00a0Film\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Film`\n`Best\u00a0Foreign\u00a0Actor`\n`James\u00a0Dean`\n`Most\u00a0Promising\u00a0Newcomer\u00a0to\u00a0Film`\n`Jo\u00a0Van\u00a0Fleet`\n`Cannes\u00a0Film\u00a0Festival`\n`Palme\u00a0d'Or`\n`Elia\u00a0Kazan`\n`Best\u00a0Dramatic\u00a0Film`\n`Cinema\u00a0Writers\u00a0Circle\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Foreign\u00a0Director`\n`Directors\u00a0Guild\u00a0of\u00a0America\u00a0Awards`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Directorial\u00a0Achievement\u00a0in\u00a0Motion\u00a0Pictures`\n`Golden\u00a0Globe\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Motion\u00a0Picture\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Drama`\n`Special\u00a0Achievement\u00a0Award`\n`James\u00a0Dean\u00a0(given\u00a0posthumously)`\n`Jussi\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Foreign\u00a0Actor`\n`James\u00a0Dean\u00a0`\n`Kinema\u00a0Junpo\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Foreign\u00a0Film`\n`Elia\u00a0Kazan`\n`National\u00a0Board\u00a0of\u00a0Review\u00a0Awards`\n`Top\u00a0Ten\u00a0Films`\n`National\u00a0Film\u00a0Preservation\u00a0Board`\n`National\u00a0Film\u00a0Registry`\n`Online\u00a0Film\u00a0&\u00a0Television\u00a0Association\u00a0Awards`\n`Hall\u00a0of\u00a0Fame\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Motion\u00a0Picture`\n`Picturegoer\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Actor`\n`James\u00a0Dean`\n`Saturn\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0DVD\u00a0or\u00a0Blu-ray\u00a0Collection`\n*`James Dean Ultimate Collector's Collection`*\n`Writers\u00a0Guild\u00a0of\u00a0America\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Written\u00a0American\u00a0Drama`\n`Paul\u00a0Osborn`\n- List of American films of 1955\n- Tibbetts, John C., and James M. Welsh, eds.\u00a0*The Encyclopedia of Novels Into Film* (2nd ed.\u00a02005) pp 111--112.","parent_id":"3eefce7999e92f6a2f24","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"59481aa34da71575810d:0","document_content":"# Altered States\n***Altered States*** is a 1980 American science fiction body horror film directed by Ken Russell and based on the novel of the same name by playwright and screenwriter Paddy Chayefsky. The film was adapted from Chayefsky\\'s 1978 novel and is his final screenplay. The novel and the film are based in part on John C. Lilly\\'s sensory deprivation research conducted in isolation tanks, under the influence of psychoactive drugs like mescaline, ketamine and LSD.\nIt marked the film debut of William Hurt and Drew Barrymore. Chayefsky withdrew from the project after disputes with Russell and took his name off the credits, substituting \\\"Sidney Aaron,\\\" his actual first and middle names.\nThe film score was composed by John Corigliano (with Christopher Keene conducting). The film was nominated for the Academy Awards for Best Original Score and Best Sound.\nEdward Jessup, a Columbia University psychopathologist, is studying schizophrenia, and begins to think that \\\"our other states of consciousness are as real as our waking states.\\\" He begins experimenting with sensory deprivation using a flotation tank, aided by two like-minded researchers, Arthur Rosenberg and Mason Parrish. At a faculty party, he meets fellow \\\"whiz kid,\\\" and his future wife, Emily.","parent_id":"59481aa34da71575810d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"59481aa34da71575810d:1","document_content":"# Altered States\nSeven years later, Edward and Emily have two daughters, are on the brink of divorce, and reunite with the couple who first introduced them. When Edward hears of the Hinchi tribe whose members experience shared hallucinatory states, he travels to Mexico to participate in their ceremony. During the climb up into the Hinchi hill country (a plateau covered in spectacular mushroom-shaped ventifacts) Edward is told by his guide, Eduardo Echeverria, that the Hinchi use in their ceremonies a potion containing the sacred mushroom *Amanita muscaria* and the shrub *Sinicuiche* (*Heimia salicifolia*), which they are collecting for next year\\'s ceremonies. The tribe calls *Heimia salicifolia* by a Hinchi name meaning \\\"first\/primordial flower\\\" in recognition of the deep memory states which it can evoke. An indigenous elder (\\\"the brujo\\\") is seen with a root (presumably intended to be a Heimia root) in his hand, which he asks Edward to hold, before cutting it in order to add some drops of blood to the mixture he is preparing. Immediately after consuming the mixture, Edward experiences bizarre, intense hallucinations, including one of the petrifaction and subsequent erosion by blown sand of Emily and himself. The following morning, Edward leaves the Hinchi plateau under a cloud, having killed, while in his intoxicated state, a large specimen of the Hinchi\\'s sacred monitor lizard (which a petroglyph shown in the dream sequence shows that they believe to have given them the sacred mushroom in the mythic past). He returns to the U.S. with a sample of the Hinchi potion for analysis by his colleagues and further self-experimentation, and continues taking it in order to take his exploration of altered states of consciousness to a new and higher level.","parent_id":"59481aa34da71575810d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"59481aa34da71575810d:2","document_content":"# Altered States\nWhen toxic concentrations of the substance make increased dosage dangerous, Edward returns to sensory deprivation, believing it will enhance the effects of the substance at his current dose. Repairing a disused tank in a medical school, Edward uses it to experience a series of increasingly drastic visions, including one of early Hominidae. Monitored by his colleagues, Edward insists that his visions have \\\"externalized\\\". Emerging from the tank, his mouth bloody, frantically writing notes because he is unable to speak, Edward insists on being X-rayed before he \\\"reconstitutes.\\\" A radiologist inspecting the X-rays says they belong to a gorilla.\nIn later experiments, Edward experiences actual, physical biological devolution. At one stage he emerges from the isolation tank as a feral and curiously small-statured, light-skinned caveman, going on a rampage through some streets in town before returning to his natural form. Despite his colleagues\\' concern, Edward stubbornly continues. In the final experiment, Edward experiences a more profound regression, transforming into an amorphous mass of conscious, primordial matter. An energy wave released from the experiment stuns Edward\\'s colleagues and destroys his tank. Emily arrives to find a swirling maelstrom where the tank had been. She searches into the vortex for Edward, finding him as he is on the brink of becoming a non-physical form of proto-consciousness and possibly disappearing from our version of reality altogether.\nHis friends bring Edward home, hoping that the transformations will end. Watched over by Emily, Edward begins to uncontrollably regress again, the transformations no longer requiring the intake of \\\"first flower\\\" or sensory deprivation. Urging Edward to fight the change, Emily grabs his hand, immediately being enveloped by the primordial energy emanating from Edward. The sight of Emily apparently being consumed by the energy stirs the human consciousness in Edward\\'s devolving form. He fights the transformation and returns to his human form. Edward embraces Emily, as she returns to normal.","parent_id":"59481aa34da71575810d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"59481aa34da71575810d:3","document_content":"# Altered States\n- William Hurt as Dr.\u00a0Eddie Jessup\n- Blair Brown as Emily Jessup\n- Bob Balaban as Arthur Rosenberg\n- Charles Haid as Mason Parrish\n- Thaao Penghlis as Eduardo Echeverria\n- Drew Barrymore as Margaret Jessup\n- Megan Jeffers as Grace Jessup\n- Dori Brenner as Sylvia Rosenberg\n- Peter Brandon as Alan Hobart\n- George Gaynes as Dr.\u00a0Wissenschaft\n- Jack Murdock as Hector Orteco\n- Francis X. McCarthy as Obispo\n- John Larroquette as X-ray Technician\n\n### Development\nThe film had its origins with a meeting Paddy Chayefsky had with his friends Bob Fosse and Herb Gardner at the Russian Tea Room in 1975. They were feeling \\\"disgruntled\\\" and as a joke conceived a movie they could make together. They wanted to pitch something to Dino De Laurentiis, who was making *King Kong*. After discussing a version of *Frankenstein* they decided to do a version of *Dr.\u00a0Jekyll and Mr Hyde*. Chayefsky went home and wrote a three-page \\\"dramatic statement and I have never seen something come together so fast.\\\"\nChayefsky decided to write a serious film on the American scientific community and the archetypal man in his search for his true self. A producer at Columbia Pictures, Daniel Melnick, suggested that Chayefsky turn a treatment he had written into a novel first and he agreed. He did extensive research with scientists and anthropologists. The novel was published in early 1978. As was the case with his previous films, Chayefsky was granted full creative control over the film version of *Altered States*.\nFilm rights were sold to Melnick, who had greenlit *Network* while the head of production at MGM, and who had a deal with Columbia. In April 1978, he turned in his script to Columbia. In June 1978, Melnick became the head of production at Columbia, but under his deal, he was still allowed to produce *Altered States*. Melnick wound up resigning in October, taking *Altered States* with him.","parent_id":"59481aa34da71575810d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"59481aa34da71575810d:4","document_content":"# Altered States\n### Casting\nThe film\\'s original director was Arthur Penn. He cast the movie, including the relatively unknown leads William Hurt (in his first movie) and Blair Brown. At one point, Scott Glenn was a contender for the male lead. Another key role went to Bob Balaban. Miguel Godreau, a dancer and teacher with the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater, was cast as Jessup\\'s caveman incarnation.\n\n### Change of director\nFilming was to begin in November 1978. However, during rehearsals Penn resigned after a dispute with Chayefsky. Penn later recalled that the only way he could leave the project and get paid for his work was to be fired. But he and Chayefsky remained friends thereafter.\nThe eventual director was Ken Russell, who had struggled to find feature film work since the box office failure of *Valentino* (1977). Russell later recalled that \\\"they wanted a director who has a very visual imagination, and they knew I had that.\\\"\nRussell later said his agent told him directors who had turned down the project included Steven Spielberg, Stanley Kubrick, Sydney Pollack, Robert Wise, and Orson Welles. He says his agent told him he was the twenty-seventh choice. Filming was then set to begin in March 1979 for Columbia with Howard Gottfried as producer. The film would eventually be done for Warner Bros, in part because the cost rose from an original budgeted \\$9 million to \\$12.5 million. It would eventually come in at just under \\$15 million with \\$4 million of that going on special effects.\nRussell later replaced special effects expert John Dykstra with Bran Ferren, who is credited for Special Visual Effects in the front titles, and created the VFX actually used in the film. Dick Smith worked on the groundbreaking special makeup effects, which made extensive use of his pioneering air bladder effects.\nIt was the first time Russell made a film in Hollywood. He later said \\\"I thought I would hate Hollywood, but I rather liked it. Everyone there is supposed to be terribly materialistic, but *Altered States* was the first movie I ever worked on where nobody---not Warner Bros., not Dan Melnick, the executive producer, or Howard Gottfried, the producer---ever mentioned money.\\\"","parent_id":"59481aa34da71575810d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"59481aa34da71575810d:5","document_content":"# Altered States\n### Locations\nThe film was shot at Sunset Gower Studios, Burbank Studios, Boston, and New York City. On-location filming locations included Harvard Medical School, Beacon Hill, Logan International Airport, Columbia University, the Payne Whitney Psychiatric Clinic, and the Bronx Zoo. Additionally, scenes set in Mexico were filmed on location in Creel, Chihuahua, and included real-life footage of Tarahumara people collecting psychotropic mushrooms.\nThere were three weeks of rehearsals in March 1979. During this time Chayefsky and Russell had a massive dispute. The writer left the project and did not appear on set during filming, contrary to his normal practice.\nItzkoff\\'s book chronicles the making of *Altered States* and claims that Russell, objecting to Chayefsky\\'s interference, had the writer banned from the set. Chayefsky reportedly tried to have Russell removed as director, but by then the film was already well underway, and the studio already had replaced one director (Penn). The film\\'s producer, Howard Gottfried, told Chayefsky\\'s biographer Shaun Considine that Russell was polite and deferential prior to production but after rehearsals began in 1979 \\\"began to treat Paddy as a nonentity\\\" and was \\\"mean and sarcastic.\" He called Russell a \\\"duplicitous, mean man.\\\"","parent_id":"59481aa34da71575810d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"59481aa34da71575810d:6","document_content":"# Altered States\n### Locations\nRussell said Chayefsky \\\"didn\\'t like the color of the paint on the isolation tank. Then it went on to other things. He didn\\'t like the lighting, then he didn\\'t like the machinery, then he thought I was making the actors appear drunk in a scene where they were written to be slightly tipsy in a bar\u00a0\\... There was a lot of embarrassing dialogue, and there was a hell of a lot more in the original script than there is now; it was a verbose script.\\\" \\\"I couldn\\'t work with someone else judging everything I did,\\\" said the director. \\\"Chayefsky told me, \\'I\\'ll just be on the set as a benign influence.\\' The producer said, \\'How do you spell benign, Paddy?\\' He answered, \\'W-I-C-K-E-D\\'. He was joking but he wasn\\'t joking.\\\" An unnamed source close to the film later opined that \\\"two strong artists were jockeying for control and, at a given point, a movie becomes a director\\'s movie. You can\\'t stand over his shoulder. You either support him or fire him.\\\"","parent_id":"59481aa34da71575810d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"59481aa34da71575810d:7","document_content":"# Altered States\n### Locations\n\\\"Paddy\\'s hallucinations were impossible to film,\\\" said Russell in another interview. \\\"He\\'d write a direction, something like \\'Interstellar gas shot through 5 million miles of universe like a puff of cigarette smoke.\\' But when I read the script, I realized the picture would only succeed to the extent that it dramatized a certain experience common to all men. And that experience isn\\'t gas going through the universe.\\\" Russell added, \\\"there is a great deal of dialogue in \\'Altered States,\\' and as I saw it, my task was to make those scenes as visually interesting as possible so they wouldn\\'t be swallowed up by the special effects.\\\" Russell admitted he did not \\\"shoot scenes as he was used to having them shot in other movies he has been involved in. I try to avoid the covering shot, long shot, close-up technique. Instead, I try for long, fluid sequences.\\\" The director said he felt Chayefsky had never \\\"been involved with a director who wasn\\'t malleable. He would make suggestions, and I would listen courteously, and then disagree. \\'I can\\'t use your eyes,\\' I told him. \\'I\\'ve got to use my own. In any case, there can be only one director on a picture.\\\"\n\n### Chayefsky disavowal of film\nChayefsky later withdrew his name from the project, so the screenplay is credited to the pseudonymous Sidney Aaron. Film critic Janet Maslin, in her review of the film, thought it \\\"easy to guess why\\\":\n\n:   It\\'s easy to guess why screenwriter Chayefsky and director Ken Russell didn\\'t see eye to eye. The direction, without being mocking or campy, treats outlandish material so matter-of-factly that it often has a facetious ring. The screenplay, on the other hand, cries out to be taken seriously, as it addresses, with no particular sagacity, the death of God and the origins of man. Film critic Richard Corliss attributed Chayefsky\\'s disavowal of the film to distress over \\\"the intensity of the performances and the headlong pace at which the actors read his dialogue.\\\"","parent_id":"59481aa34da71575810d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"59481aa34da71575810d:8","document_content":"# Altered States\n### Chayefsky disavowal of film\nRussell maintained that he changed almost nothing in Chayefsky\\'s script. \\\"We shot every word that Paddy wrote except for some trifling changes in the Mexican sequences,\\\" said Russell. \\\"In fact, I was more faithful to the script in \\'Altered States\\' than in any previous movie, and I think I did it great justice.\\\" \\\"We\\'re saying every word exactly as he wrote it,\\\" said Brown during filming. \\\"I suppose the truth is he Chayefsky and Ken are such different personalities they found it impossible to work together.\\\"\nAccording to screenwriter Joe Eszterhas, Chayefsky had a clause in his contract stipulating that the words in the script could not be changed. Russell, \\\"at the height of his alcoholism\\\", was rebuffed when attempting to change the words, and then \\\"began purposely trying to destroy Paddy\\'s dialogue by having the actors eat while they were delivering it, or having them deliver it in a staccato, machine-gun kind of style, so that you couldn\\'t make out what they were saying.\\\" Ezsterhas considered the direction of Russell to have \\\"destroyed\\\" the script and film, which was ultimately \\\"a critical and commercial failure \\... a heartbreaking experience for Chayefsky, who had fought for decades against that, and for protecting his material. It was such a heartbreaking experience that he died shortly afterwards, some say from a broken heart.\\\"\n\n### Box office\nThe film grossed \\$19.9 million at the box office against a production budget of \\$15 million.\n\n### Critical response\nOn Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 85% based on 46 reviews, and an average rating of 6.9\/10. The website\\'s critical consensus reads \\\"Extraordinarily daring for a Hollywood film, *Altered States* attacks the viewer with its inventive, aggressive mix of muddled sound effects and visual pyrotechnics\\\". On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 58 out of 100, based on 13 critics, indicating \\\"mixed or average reviews\\\".","parent_id":"59481aa34da71575810d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"59481aa34da71575810d:9","document_content":"# Altered States\n### Critical response\nThe initial reviews were generally strong. \\\"It\\'s been a while since I\\'ve gotten the acclaim I\\'ve gotten on *Altered States*,\\\" said Russell.\nJanet Maslin of *The New York Times* termed the film a \\\"methodically paced fireworks display, exploding into delirious special-effects sequences at regular intervals, and maintaining an eerie calm the rest of the time. If it is not wholly visionary at every juncture, it is at least dependably---even exhilaratingly---bizarre. Its strangeness, which borders cheerfully on the ridiculous, is its most enjoyable feature.\\\" She also called it \\\"in fine shape as long as it revels in its own craziness, making no claims on the viewer\\'s reason. But when it asks you to believe that what you\\'re watching may really be happening, and to wonder what it means, it is asking far too much. By the time it begins straining for an ending both happy and hysterical, it has lost all of its mystery, and most of its magic.\\\"\nRichard Corliss began his review of the film thus:\n\n:   This one has everything: sex, violence, comedy, thrills, tenderness. It\\'s an anthology and apotheosis of American pop movies: *Frankenstein*, *Murders in the Rue Morgue*, *The Nutty Professor*, *2001*, *Alien*, *Love Story*. It opens at fever pitch and then starts soaring---into genetic fantasy, into a precognitive dream of delirium and delight. Madness is its subject and substance, style and spirit. The film changes tone, even form, with its hero\\'s every new mood and mutation. It expands and contracts with his mind until both almost crack. It keeps threatening to go bonkers, then makes good on its threat, and still remains as lucid as an aerialist on a high wire. It moves with the loping energy of a crafty psychopath, or of film makers gripped with the potential of blowing the moviegoer\\'s mind out through his eyes and ears. Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to *Altered States*.","parent_id":"59481aa34da71575810d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"59481aa34da71575810d:10","document_content":"# Altered States\n### Critical response\nCorliss calls the film a \\\"dazzling piece of science fiction\\\"; he recognizes the film\\'s dialogue as clearly Chayefsky\\'s, with characters that are \\\"endlessly reflective and articulate, spitting out litanies of adjectives, geysers of abstract nouns, chemical chains of relative clauses\\\", dialogue that\\'s a \\\"welcome antidote to all those recent\\...movies in which brutal characters speak only words of one syllable and four letters.\\\" But the film is ultimately Russell\\'s, who inherited a \\\"cast of unknowns\\\" chosen by its original director and \\\"gets an erotic, neurotic charge from the talking-heads scenes that recall Penn at his best.\\\"\nPauline Kael, on the other hand, wrote that the \\\"grotesquely inspired\\\" combination of \\\"Russell, with his show-biz-Catholic glitz mysticism, and Chayefsky, with his show-biz-Jewish ponderousness\\\" results in an \\\"aggressively silly picture\\\" that \\\"isn\\'t really enjoyable.\\\"","parent_id":"59481aa34da71575810d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"59481aa34da71575810d:11","document_content":"# Altered States\n### Critical response\nJohn C. Lilly liked the film, and noted the following in an *Omni* magazine interview published in January 1983:\n\n:   The scene in which the scientist becomes cosmic energy and his wife grabs him and brings him back to human form is straight out of my *Dyadic Cyclone* (1976)\\...As for the scientist\\'s regression into an ape-like being, the late Dr.\u00a0Craig Enright, who started me on K (ketamine) while taking a trip with me here by the isolation tank, suddenly \\\"became\\\" a chimp, jumping up and down and hollering for twenty-five minutes. Watching him, I was frightened. I asked him later, \\\"Where the hell were you?\\\" He said, \\\"I became a pre-hominid, and I was in a tree. A leopard was trying to get me. So I was trying to scare him away.\\\" The manuscript of *The Scientist* (1978) was in the hands of Bantam, the publishers. The head of Bantam called and said, \\\"Paddy Chayefsky would like to read your manuscript. Will you give him your permission?\\\" I said, \\\"Only if he calls me and asks permission.\\\" He didn\\'t call. But he probably read the manuscript.\nChristopher John reviewed *Altered States* in *Ares Magazine* #6 and commented that \\\"Simply put, *Altered States* is very good at what it proposes to do -- luckily it proposed to do very little.\\\"\nIn *Ready for My Close-Up!: Great Movie Speeches* (2007), screenwriter Denny Martin Flinn called Chayefsky\\'s screenplay \\\"brilliant\\\" and selected Emily\\'s speech as \\\"Chayefsky\\'s last great take on life and love.\\\"\nAccording to *TV Guide*, Basil Dearden\\'s 1963 film *The Mind Benders* \\\"is the direct predecessor of *Altered States*.\\\"\nThe film was nominated for two Academy Awards:\n- Academy Award for Best Original Score -- John Corigliano\n- Academy Award for Best Sound -- Arthur Piantadosi, Les Fresholtz, Michael Minkler and Willie D. Burton\nThe band Sloan recorded a song for their 1999 album Between the Bridges called \\\"Sensory Deprivation\\\", which specifically references the movie.","parent_id":"59481aa34da71575810d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"59481aa34da71575810d:12","document_content":"# Altered States\n### Critical response\nA section of dialogue from the film was sampled in Bring Me the Horizon\\'s song, \\\"Anthem\\\". This sample is also occasionally played as the beginning of the same band\\'s song, \\\"It Never Ends\\\", such as during live shows and in *Live at the Royal Albert Hall*, though it does not appear in the music video for \\\"It Never Ends\\\". In the album version, there is no white space between \\\"Anthem\\\" and \\\"It Never Ends\\\", such that it sounds as if though the sample is part of the latter song and not the former.\nA shorter version of the sample was also used by Ministry in their song \"Psalm 69\".\nThe music video for A-Ha\\'s \\\"Take On Me\\\" was inspired by the film.\nThe science fiction television show *Fringe*, which costarred Blair Brown, contained several episodes in which the main characters use a sensory deprivation tank while under the influence of LSD to 'view' a parallel universe, the past, and other planes of existence.\n- Body horror\n- Genetic memory in fiction\n- List of films featuring hallucinogens\n<!-- -->\n- \n-","parent_id":"59481aa34da71575810d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058:0","document_content":"# Once Upon a Time in America\n***Once Upon a Time in America*** () is a 1984 epic crime film co-written and directed by Italian filmmaker Sergio Leone and starring Robert De Niro and James Woods. The film is an Italian--American venture produced by The Ladd Company, Embassy International Pictures, PSO Enterprises, and Rafran Cinematografica, and distributed by Warner Bros.\u00a0Based on Harry Grey\\'s novel *The Hoods*, it chronicles the lives of best friends David \\\"Noodles\\\" Aaronson and Maximilian \\\"Max\\\" Bercovicz as they lead a group of Jewish ghetto youths who rise to prominence as Jewish gangsters in New York City\\'s world of organized crime. The film explores themes of childhood friendships, love, lust, greed, betrayal, loss, broken relationships, together with the rise of mobsters in American society.\nIt was the final film directed by Leone before his death five years later, and the first feature film he had directed in 13 years. It is also the third film of Leone\\'s *Once Upon a Time Trilogy*, which includes *Once Upon a Time in the West* (1968) and *Duck, You Sucker!* (1971). The cinematography was by Tonino Delli Colli, and the film score by Ennio Morricone. Leone originally envisaged two three-hour films, then a single 269-minute (4 hours and 29 minutes) version, but was convinced by distributors to shorten it to 229 minutes (3 hours and 49 minutes). The American distributors, The Ladd Company, further shortened it to 139 minutes (2 hours and 19 minutes), and rearranged the scenes into chronological order, without Leone\\'s involvement.\nThe shortened version was a critical and commercial flop in the United States, and critics who had seen both versions harshly condemned the changes that were made. The original \\\"European cut\\\" has remained a critical favorite and frequently appears in lists of the greatest films of all time, especially in the gangster genre.","parent_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058:1","document_content":"# Once Upon a Time in America\nIn 1933, three thugs search for a man named \\\"Noodles\\\", torturing people for information. They enter a wayang theater, where the proprietors slip into a hidden opium den within the building and warn Noodles. He is apathetic, drugged and grasping a newspaper featuring the demise of bootleggers Patrick Goldberg, Philip Stein and Maximilian Bercovicz. He recalls observing police removing their corpses, Max\\'s burned beyond recognition. Noodles evades capture and leaves the city alone and penniless.\nIn 1918, David \\\"Noodles\\\" Aaronson and his friends \\\"Patsy\\\" Goldberg, \\\"Cockeye\\\" Stein and Dominic struggle as street kids in Manhattan\\'s Lower East Side, committing petty crimes for local boss Bugsy. Max foils one of their robberies but has the booty stolen from him by a corrupt police officer. Using the officer\\'s trysts with an underage prostitute as blackmail, the five youngsters start a gang with the same level of police protection as Bugsy. Max and Noodles become best friends.\nThe group rises through the ranks after implementing Noodles\\' idea to hide bootleg liquor. They stash half their earnings in a railway station locker, giving the key to \\\"Fat Moe\\\", a friend not directly involved in their activities. Noodles is in love with Moe\\'s sister, Deborah, who dreams of becoming a dancer and actress. An envious Bugsy eventually ambushes the boys and shoots Dominic, who dies in Noodles\\' arms. In a fit of rage, Noodles kills Bugsy and injures a police officer, and is sentenced to prison.\nNoodles is released in 1930 and rejoins his friends, now prosperous bootleggers during Prohibition. His first job with them includes a diamond heist, using a jewellery employee and occasional prostitute named Carol as their informant. During the robbery, Carol goads Noodles into hitting her and he rapes her; she later goes on to become Max\\'s moll. That the job had been commissioned by a Syndicate figure to eliminate the competition sits badly with Noodles who, unlike Max, dislikes hierarchy and lacks political ambition. The gang provides protection for Teamsters\\' union boss Jimmy O\\'Donnell, but Noodles later rejects Max\\'s plan to deepen those ties.","parent_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058:2","document_content":"# Once Upon a Time in America\nSeeking to form a genuine intimacy with Deborah, Noodles takes her on a lavish date, the tone of which is altered when she reveals her plans to pursue a career in Hollywood. On their drive back, Noodles rapes her in the limousine. He is later met with Deborah\\'s aloofness when he watches her board the train to California.\nThe gang\\'s success ends with the 1933 repeal of Prohibition. Max suggests a New York Federal Reserve Bank heist, which Noodles and Carol deem a suicide mission. Carol convinces Noodles to inform the police about a lesser offence, hoping brief incarceration will cool off Max\\'s ambition. After Noodles calls the police, Max knocks him out during a seemingly impromptu argument. This leads to the events shown in the prologue: upon regaining consciousness and learning that Max, Patsy, and Cockeye have been killed by the police, a guilt-ridden Noodles hides in the opium den. He saves Moe but finds out that his new girlfriend Eve has been murdered and the railway locker money has disappeared. With his gang killed and himself hunted by Syndicate thugs, Noodles settles in Buffalo under an alias.\nIn 1968, Noodles is belatedly informed that the Beth Israel Cemetery is being redeveloped, and asked to rebury any loved ones. Upon inquiry, the rabbi who had sent the letter informs him that the bodies of his three dead friends have since been relocated to Riverdale. Realizing that someone has deduced his identity, Noodles returns to Manhattan and stays with Moe. Inside the Riverdale mausoleum, Noodles finds a key to the railway locker. The caption on the commemorative plaque falsely states that the mausoleum was erected by Noodles himself. The locker reveals a suitcase full of money, and a note stating this is a down payment on his next job. Noodles watches news of an assassination attempt on controversial U.S. Secretary of Commerce Christopher Bailey. The report shows Jimmy O\\'Donnell, still a Teamsters boss, distancing himself from the Bailey corruption scandal. Noodles finds Carol in a Bailey Foundation care home. She tells him that Max manipulated them into tipping him off to the police and opened fire first, afraid of ageing and dying in an insane asylum like his father.","parent_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058:3","document_content":"# Once Upon a Time in America\nAfter spotting her in the care home dedication photo, Noodles tracks down Deborah, still an actress. He tells her about his invitation to a party at Bailey\\'s mansion. Deborah admits to being Bailey\\'s lover and begs Noodles to remove himself from the situation lest he is confronted with hurtful revelations.\nIgnoring Deborah\\'s advice, Noodles comes face to face with the evidence that Bailey is the still-living Max. In a separate room during the party, Max explains that he faked his death with the help of the police and Syndicate, stole the gang\\'s money and reinvented himself as a self-made, Teamsters-connected politician. He also confirms that he made Deborah his mistress years earlier. Faced with ruin and the specter of a Teamster assassination, Max reveals the \\\"job\\\" he has for Noodles--killing him. Noodles, obstinately referring to him by his Bailey identity, refuses because, in his eyes, Max died with the gang. As Noodles leaves the estate, a garbage truck starts up and a man resembling Max walks from the entrance toward Noodles until the truck passes between them. Noodles sees the truck\\'s auger grinding down rubbish, but Max is nowhere to be seen.\nThe epilogue returns to 1933 with Noodles entering the opium den after his friends\\' deaths, taking the drug and broadly grinning.\n- Robert De Niro as Noodles\n  - Scott Tiler as Young Noodles\n- James Woods as Max\n  - Rusty Jacobs as Young Max\/David Bailey\n- Elizabeth McGovern as Deborah\n  - Jennifer Connelly as Young Deborah\n- Joe Pesci as Frankie Monaldi\n- Burt Young as Joe\n- Tuesday Weld as Carol\n- Treat Williams as Jimmy O\\'Donnell\n- Danny Aiello as Police Chief Aiello\n- Richard Bright as Chicken Joe\n- James Hayden as Patsy\n  - Brian Bloom as Young Patsy\n- William Forsythe as Cockeye\n  - Adrian Curran as Young Cockeye\n- Darlanne Fluegel as Eve\n- Larry Rapp as Fat Moe\n  - Mike Monetti as Young Fat Moe\n- Richard Foronjy as Whitey\n- Robert Harper as Sharkey\n- Dutch Miller as Van Linden\n- Gerard Murphy as Crowning\n- Amy Ryder as Peggy\n  - Julie Cohen as Young Peggy\n- Estelle Harris as Peggy\\'s mother","parent_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058:4","document_content":"# Once Upon a Time in America\nThe cast also includes Noah Moazezi as Dominic, James Russo as Bugsy, producer Arnon Milchan as Noodles\\' chauffeur, Marcia Jean Kurtz as Max\\'s mother, Joey Faye as an \\\"Adorable Old Man\\\", and Olga Karlatos as a wayang patron. Frank Gio, Ray Dittrich and Mario Brega (a regular supporting actor in Leone\\'s *Dollars Trilogy*) respectively appear as Beefy, Trigger and Mandy, a trio of gangsters who search for Noodles. Frequent De Niro collaborator Chuck Low and Leone\\'s daughter Francesca respectively make uncredited appearances as Fat Moe and Deborah\\'s father, and David Bailey\\'s girlfriend. In the 2012 restoration, Louise Fletcher appears as the Cemetery Directress of Riverdale, where Noodles visits his friends\\' tomb in 1968.\n\n### Development\nDuring the mid-1960s, Sergio Leone had read the novel *The Hoods* by Harry Grey, a pseudonym for the former gangster-turned-informant whose real name was Harry Goldberg. In 1968, after shooting *Once Upon a Time in the West*, Leone made many efforts to talk to Grey. Having enjoyed Leone\\'s *Dollars Trilogy*, Grey finally responded and agreed to meet with Leone at a Manhattan bar. Following that initial meeting, Leone met with Grey several times throughout the remainder of the 1960s and 1970s, having discussions with him to understand America through Grey\\'s point of view. Intent on making another trilogy about America consisting of *Once Upon a Time in the West*, *Duck, You Sucker!* and *Once Upon a Time in America*, Leone turned down an offer from Paramount Pictures to direct *The Godfather* in order to pursue his pet project. Elements of Norman Mailer\\'s first two drafts of a commissioned screenplay that was later drafted would appear in the film.\n\n### Filming\nRobert De Niro and Sergio Leone on the set of the movie The filming of *Once Upon a Time in America* started in June of 1982 and eventually ended in April the next year. The locations where the shooting took place were in and around US, Canada, Italy, and France, with a focal point in New York City. Interior scenes were mostly filmed at the Cinecitt\u00e0 Studios in Rome.","parent_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058:5","document_content":"# Once Upon a Time in America\n### Filming\nThe beach scene, where Max unveils his plan to rob the Federal Reserve, was shot at The Don CeSar in St.\u00a0Pete Beach, Florida. The New York\\'s railway \\\"Grand Central Station\\\" scene in the thirties flashbacks was filmed in the Gare du Nord in Paris. The interiors of the lavish restaurant where Noodles takes Deborah on their date were shot in the Hotel Excelsior in Venice, Italy.\n\n### Editing\nBy the end of filming, Leone had ten hours worth of footage. With his editor, Nino Baragli, Leone trimmed this to almost six hours, and he originally wanted to release the film in two parts. The producers refused, partly because of the commercial and critical failure of Bernardo Bertolucci\\'s two-part *1900*, and Leone was forced to further shorten it. The film was originally 269 minutes (4 hours and 29 minutes), but when the film premiered out of competition at the 1984 Cannes Film Festival, Leone had cut it to 229 minutes (3 hours and 49 minutes) to appease the distributors, which was the version shown in European cinemas.\n\n### Music\nThe musical score was composed by Leone\\'s longtime collaborator Ennio Morricone. \\\"Deborah\\'s Theme\\\" was written for another film in the 1970s but was rejected. The score is also notable for Morricone\\'s incorporation of the music of Gheorghe Zamfir, who plays a pan flute. Zamfir\\'s flute music was used to similar effect in Peter Weir\\'s *Picnic at Hanging Rock* (1975). Morricone also collaborated with vocalist Edda Dell\\'Orso on the score.\nBesides the original music, the film used source music, including:","parent_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058:6","document_content":"# Once Upon a Time in America\n### Music\n- \\\"God Bless America\\\" (written by Irving Berlin, performed by Kate Smith -- 1943) -- Plays over the opening credits from a radio in Eve\\'s bedroom and briefly at the film\\'s ending.\n- \\\"Yesterday\\\" (written by Lennon--McCartney -- 1965) -- A Muzak version of this piece plays when Noodles first returns to New York in 1968, examining himself in a train station mirror. An instrumental version of the song also plays briefly during the dialogue scene between Noodles and \\\"Bailey\\\" towards the end of the film.\n- \\\"Summertime\\\" (written by George Gershwin -- 1935) An instrumental version of the aria from the opera *Porgy and Bess* is playing softly in the background as Noodles, just before leaving, explains to \\\"Secretary Bailey\\\" why he could never kill his friend.\n- \\\"Amapola\\\" (written by Joseph Lacalle, American lyrics by Albert Gamse -- 1923) -- Originally an opera piece, several instrumental versions of this song were played during the film; a jazzy version, which was played on the gramophone danced to by young Deborah in 1918; a similar version played by Fat Moe\\'s jazz band in the speakeasy in 1930; and a string version, during Noodles\\' date with Deborah. Both versions are available on the soundtrack.\n- \\\"La gazza ladra\\\" overture (Gioachino Rossini -- 1817) -- Used during the baby-switching scene in the hospital.\n- \\\"Night and Day\\\" (written and sung by Cole Porter -- 1932) -- Played by a jazz band during the beach scene before the beachgoers receive word of Prohibition\\'s repeal, and during the party at the house of \\\"Secretary Bailey\\\" in 1968.\n- \\\"St.\u00a0James Infirmary Blues\\\" is used during the Prohibition \\\"funeral\\\" at the gang\\'s speakeasy.\nA soundtrack album was released in 1984 by Mercury Records. This was followed by a special-edition release in 1995, featuring four additional tracks.","parent_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058:7","document_content":"# Once Upon a Time in America\n### Music\n*Once Upon a Time in America* premiered at the 1984 Cannes Film Festival on May 20, 1984. It received a raucous, record-breaking ovation of nearly 20 minutes after the screening (reportedly heard by diners at restaurants across the street from the Palais), at a time in Cannes\\'s history before marathon applause became a regular occurrence. In the United States, the film received a wide release in 894 theaters on 1 June 1984, and grossed \\$2.4 million during its opening weekend. It ended its box office run with a gross of just over \\$5.3 million on a \\$30 million budget, and became a box office flop.\nNumerous women at the film\\'s premiere reacted furiously, mostly due to the two rape sequences. One among them later confronted Robert De Niro in a press conference and made harsh comments to the film\\'s depiction, describing it as \\\"blatant, gratuitous violence.\\\" In general, the rape scenes specifically were controversial. Richard Godden defended Leone\\'s representation of rape that it \\\"articulates the dysfunction between bodies in images and bodies themselves.\\\" Elizabeth McGovern supported Godden\\'s claim and said that Leone didn\\'t intend to glamorize any \\\"violent sex\\\". In his book, Sergio Leone\\'s scholar Christopher Frayling argues that the movie\\'s central gang are all emotionally stunted: \\\"\\... like small boys obsessed with their equipment who have no idea how to relate to flesh-and-blood women.\\\"","parent_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058:8","document_content":"# Once Upon a Time in America\n### Versions\n#### U.S. version\nThe film was shown in limited release and for film critics in North America, where it was slightly trimmed to secure an \\\"R\\\" rating. Cuts were made to two rape scenes and some of the more graphic violence at the beginning. Noodles\\' meeting with Bailey in 1968 was also excised. The film gained a mediocre reception at several sneak premieres in North America. Because of this early audience reaction, the fear of its length, its graphic violence, and the inability of theaters to have multiple showings in one day, The Ladd Company cut entire scenes and removed approximately 90 minutes of the film, without the supervision of Sergio Leone. This American wide release (1984, 139 minutes) was drastically different from the European release, as the non-chronological story was rearranged into chronological order. Other major cuts involved many of the childhood sequences, making the adult 1933 sections more prominent. Noodles\\' 1968 meeting with Deborah was excised, and the scene with Bailey ends with him shooting himself (with the sound of a gunshot off screen) rather than the garbage truck conclusion of the 229-minute version. Sergio Leone\\'s daughter, Raffaella Leone claimed that Leone had dismissed the US version as not his own movie.\n\n#### USSR\nIn the Soviet Union, the film was shown theatrically in the late 1980s, with other Hollywood blockbusters such as the two *King Kong* films. The story was rearranged in chronological order and the film was split in two, with the two parts shown as separate movies, one containing the childhood scenes and the other comprising the adulthood scenes. Despite the rearranging, no major scene deletions were made.\n\n#### Restored original\n`Robert\u00a0De\u00a0Niro\u00a0and\u00a0Elizabeth\u00a0McGovern\u00a0at\u00a0the\u00a0screening\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0film's\u00a0restored\u00a0version,\u00a0during\u00a0the\u00a02012\u00a0Cannes\u00a0Film\u00a0Festival.`\nIn March 2011, it was announced that Leone\\'s original 269-minute version was to be re-created by a film lab in Italy under the supervision of Leone\\'s children, who had acquired the Italian distribution rights, and the film\\'s original sound editor, Fausto Ancillai, for a premiere in 2012 at either the Cannes Film Festival or Venice Film Festival.","parent_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058:9","document_content":"# Once Upon a Time in America\n### Versions\n#### Restored original\nThe restored film premiered at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival, but because of unforeseen rights issues for the deleted scenes, the restoration had a runtime of only 251 minutes. However, Martin Scorsese (whose Film Foundation helped with the restoration) stated that he was helping Leone\\'s children gain the rights to the final 24 minutes of deleted scenes to create a complete restoration of Leone\\'s envisaged 269-minute version. On 3 August 2012, it was reported that after the premiere at Cannes, the restored film was pulled from circulation, pending further restoration work.","parent_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058:10","document_content":"# Once Upon a Time in America\n### Versions\n#### Home media\nIn North America, a two-tape VHS was released by Warner Home Video with a runtime of 226 minutes in February 1985 and 1991. The U.S. theatrical cut was also released at the same time in February 1985. A two-disc special edition was released on 10 June 2003, featuring the 229-minute version of the film. This special edition was re-released on 11 January 2011, on both DVD and Blu-ray. On 30 September 2014, Warner Bros.\u00a0released a two-disc Blu-ray and DVD set of the 251-minute restoration shown at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival, dubbed the *Extended Director\\'s Cut*. This version was previously released in Italy, on 4 September 2012.\nThe initial critical response to *Once Upon a Time in America* was mixed, because of the different versions released worldwide. While internationally the film was well received in its original form, American critics were much more dissatisfied with the 139-minute version released in North America. This condensed version was a critical and financial disaster, and many American critics who knew of Leone\\'s original cut attacked the short version. Some critics compared shortening the film to shortening Richard Wagner\\'s operas, saying that works of art that are meant to be long should be given the respect they deserve. In his 1984 review, Roger Ebert gave the uncut version four stars out of four and wrote that it was \\\"an epic poem of violence and greed\\\", but described the American theatrical version as a \\\"travesty\\\". Furthermore, he gave the American theatrical version one star out of four, calling it \\\"an incomprehensible mess without texture, timing, mood, or sense.\\\" Ebert\\'s television film critic partner Gene Siskel considered the uncut version to be the best film of 1984 and the shortened, linear studio version to be the worst film of 1984. However, Vincent Canby of *The New York Times* criticized the nonlinear narrative that is structured throughout the film.","parent_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058:11","document_content":"# Once Upon a Time in America\n### Versions\n#### Home media\nIt was only after Leone\\'s death and the subsequent restoration of the original version that critics began to give it the kind of praise displayed at its original Cannes showing. The uncut original film is considered to be far superior to the edited version released in the U.S. in 1984. Ebert, in his review of Brian De Palma\\'s *The Untouchables*, called the original uncut version of *Once Upon a Time in America* the best film depicting the Prohibition era. James Woods, who considers it to be Leone\\'s finest film, mentioned in the DVD documentary that one critic dubbed the film the worst of 1984, only to see the original cut years later and call it the best of the 1980s. Some were critical towards the movie\\'s graphic violence and cruelty, with Donald Clarke of *Irish Times* condemning it as a \\\"fistful of misogyny\\\" and offensively \\\"sexist\\\".\nOn the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, *Once Upon a Time in America* has an approval rating of 87% based on 54 reviews, with an average score of 8.50\/10. The website\\'s critic consensus reads, \\\"Sergio Leone\\'s epic crime drama is visually stunning, stylistically bold, and emotionally haunting, and filled with great performances from the likes of Robert De Niro and James Woods.\\\" On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 75 out of 100 based on reviews from 20 critics, indicating \\\"generally favorable reviews\\\".\nThe film has since been ranked as one of the best films of the gangster genre. When *Sight & Sound* asked several UK critics in 2002 what their favorite films of the last 25 years were, *Once Upon a Time in America* placed at number 10. In 2015, the film was ranked at number nine on *Time Out*s list of the 50 best gangster films of all time, while in 2021, *The Guardian* cited it as the fourth greatest mobster film ever made.\n\n### Accolades\nUnlike its modern critical success, the initial American release did not fare well with critics and received no Academy Award nominations. The film\\'s music was disqualified from Oscar consideration for a technicality, as the studio accidentally omitted the composer\\'s name from the opening credits when trimming its running time for the American release.\n`Award\u00a0`\n`Category\u00a0`\n`Nominee\u00a0`\n`Result`","parent_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058:12","document_content":"# Once Upon a Time in America\n### Accolades\n38th British Academy Film Awards\n`Best\u00a0Costume\u00a0Design`\n`Gabriella\u00a0Pescucci`\n`Best\u00a0Film\u00a0Music`\n`Ennio\u00a0Morricone`\n`Best\u00a0Direction`\n`Sergio\u00a0Leone`\n`Best\u00a0Actress\u00a0in\u00a0a\u00a0Supporting\u00a0Role`\n`Tuesday\u00a0Weld`\n`Best\u00a0Cinematography`\n`Tonino\u00a0Delli\u00a0Colli`\n42nd Golden Globe Awards\n`Best\u00a0Director`\n`Sergio\u00a0Leone`\n`Best\u00a0Original\u00a0Score`\n`Ennio\u00a0Morricone`\n`8th\u00a0Japan\u00a0Academy\u00a0Prize`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Foreign\u00a0Language\u00a0Film`\n`\u2013`\n10th Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards\n`Best\u00a0Film`\n`\u2013`\n`Best\u00a0Director`\n`Sergio\u00a0Leone`\n`Best\u00a0Music\u00a0Score`\n`Ennio\u00a0Morricone`\nAs the film begins and ends in 1933, with Noodles hiding in an opium den from syndicate hitmen, and the last shot of the film is of Noodles in a smiling, opium-soaked high, the film can be interpreted as having been a drug-induced dream, with Noodles remembering his past and envisioning the future. In an interview by No\u00ebl Simsolo published in 1987, Leone confirms the validity of this interpretation, saying that the scenes set in the 1960s could be seen as an opium dream of Noodles\\'. In the DVD commentary for the film, film historian and critic Richard Schickel states that opium users often report vivid dreams, and that these visions have a tendency to explore the user\\'s past and future.\nThe ending in which Max appears as Noodles is leaving Bailey\\'s mansion and then suddenly disappears behind a truck only for Noodles to see the blades of the truck spinning, was reportedly left ambiguous on purpose. James Woods who played Max claimed that he does not know if Max jumped in the truck or just disappeared. Critic Carlo Affatigato described this twist as a \\\"paradox,\\\" postulating that the whole film is about how Noodles spends the second half of his life seeking out the truth of what happened, only to discover it, not accept it, and not investigate what happens to Max in the end. Noodles only wants to believe the reality he has created for himself, not an objective one. Affatigato also believes this could point to it all being the imagination of Noodles.\nMany people (including Schickel) assume that the 1968 Frisbee scene, which has an immediate cut and gives no further resolution, was part of a longer sequence. Ebert stated that the purpose of the flying disc scene was to establish the 1960s time frame and nothing more.","parent_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058:13","document_content":"# Once Upon a Time in America\n### Accolades\n- List of films cut over the director\\'s opposition\n<!-- -->\n- \n- \n- \n- \n-","parent_id":"94038a38ec2abbb31058","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944:0","document_content":"# King Kong (2005 film)\n***King Kong*** is a 2005 epic adventure monster film co-written, produced, and directed by Peter Jackson. It is the eighth entry in the King Kong franchise and the second remake of the 1933 film of the same title, following the 1976 film. The film stars Andy Serkis, Naomi Watts, Jack Black, and Adrien Brody. Set in 1933, it follows the story of an ambitious filmmaker who coerces his cast and hired ship crew to travel to mysterious Skull Island. There, they encounter prehistoric creatures and a legendary giant gorilla known as Kong, whom they capture and take to New York City. Filming for *King Kong* took place in New Zealand from September 2004 to March 2005. The project\\'s budget climbed from an initial \\$150 million to a then-record-breaking \\$207 million.\nIt was released on December 14, 2005 in Germany and the United States, and made an opening of \\$50.1 million. While it performed somewhat lower than expected, *King Kong* made domestic and worldwide grosses that eventually added up to \\$562 million, becoming the fourth-highest-grossing film in Universal Pictures history at the time and the fifth-highest-grossing film of 2005. It also generated \\$100 million in DVD sales upon its home video release. *King Kong* garnered mostly positive reviews from critics, and appeared on several top ten lists for 2005. The film was praised for its special effects, performances, sense of spectacle and comparison to the 1933 original, though some criticisms were focused on its 3-hour long run time. It won three Academy Awards: Best Sound Editing, Best Sound Mixing and Best Visual Effects. A tie-in video game was released alongside the film, which also became a commercial and critical success.\nIn 1933, during the Great Depression, New York City actress Ann Darrow is hired by financially troubled filmmaker Carl Denham to star in a film with actor Bruce Baxter. Ann learns her favorite playwright, Jack Driscoll, is the screenwriter. Filming takes place on the SS *Venture*, under Captain Englehorn, and under Carl\\'s pretense it will be sailing to Singapore. In truth, Carl intends to sail to and film the mysterious Skull Island. Captain Englehorn has second thoughts about the voyage, prompted by his crew\\'s speculation of trouble ahead. On the voyage, Ann and Jack fall in love.","parent_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944:1","document_content":"# King Kong (2005 film)\nThe *Venture* receives a radio message informing Englehorn there is a warrant for Carl\\'s arrest due to his defiance of the studio\\'s orders to cease production, and instructing Englehorn to divert to Rangoon, but the ship becomes lost in fog and runs aground on Skull Island. Carl and his film crew, including cameraman Herb, assistant Preston, and boom operator Mike, explore the island and are attacked by natives who kill Mike and another crewman. Englehorn intervenes to rescue the film crew, but as they make efforts to leave the waters, a native sneaks onto the ship and abducts Ann. The natives offer Ann as a sacrifice to King Kong, a ape. Jack notices Ann\\'s disappearance, and the crew returns to the island, but are too late as Kong flees with Ann into the jungle. Carl manages to catch a glimpse of Kong and becomes determined to capture him on film.\nThough initially terrified of her captor, Ann wins Kong over with her juggling and dancing skills and begins to grasp his intelligence and capacity for emotion. Englehorn organizes a rescue party, led by his first mate Hayes and Jack, and accompanied by Carl, Herb, Baxter and Preston. The party gets caught between a herd of Apatosaurus-like *Brontosaurus baxteri* and a pack of Utahraptor-like *Venatosaurus saevidicus* hunting them, with Herb and several other men killed in the resulting stampede. After this, Baxter leaves the group to return to the ship.\nThe remaining party members continue through the jungle when Kong attacks, making them fall into a ravine resulting in Hayes\\' death and Carl losing his camera. Kong shortly rescues Ann from three theropod dinosaurs, Tyrannosaurus-like *Vastatosaurus rex,* then takes her to his lair in the mountains. The remaining rescue party are attacked by giant insects and worms in the ravine resulting in the death of three more crew members, but Preston, Carl, Jack, and Hayes\\' apprentice Jimmy are rescued by Baxter and Englehorn. Jack continues searching for Ann, while Carl decides to capture the beast. Jack goes to the beast\\'s lair and accidentally awakens the beast but manages to escape with Ann. They arrive at the wall with the beast pursuing them. The beast attempts to get Ann back, killing several sailors, but is subdued when Carl knocks it out with chloroform.","parent_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944:2","document_content":"# King Kong (2005 film)\nIn New York City around December, Carl presents \\\"Kong, the Eighth Wonder of the World\\\" on Broadway, starring Baxter and an imprisoned Kong. Ann, who refused to take part in the performance, is played by an anonymous chorus girl. Agitated by the chorus girl not being Ann and flashes from cameras, the beast breaks free from the chains and wrecks the theater. Out on the city\\'s streets and going on a rampage, Kong searches for Ann and chases Jack, before encountering Ann again. The U.S. Army soon attacks, and Kong tries getting Ann and itself to safety by climbing to the top of the Empire State Building, where it fights off six Navy planes. Despite managing to down three of them, Kong is mortally wounded from the planes\\' gunfire and falls. As Jack reaches the top of the building to comfort and embrace Ann, civilians, policemen, and soldiers gather around the beast\\'s corpse in the street, one bystander commenting the airplanes got him. Carl makes his way through the crowd, takes one last look at Kong and says, \\\"It wasn\\'t the airplanes. It was Beauty killed the Beast.\\\"","parent_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944:3","document_content":"# King Kong (2005 film)\n- Andy Serkis as Kong (motion capture), a prehistoric ape who is around 100--150 years old. He is the last of his species, *Megaprimatus kong*.\n  - Serkis also plays Lumpy, the ship\\'s cook, barber, and surgeon. A brave sailor, he warns Denham about rumors he has heard about Skull Island and Kong.\n- Naomi Watts as Ann Darrow, a struggling vaudeville actress who is desperate for work. Carl first meets her when she tries to steal an apple from a fruit stand. Further into the voyage, she falls in love with Jack and forms a special relationship with Kong.\n- Jack Black as Carl Denham, a film director who obtained the map to Skull Island. Due to his debts, Carl starts to lose his moral compass and obsesses over his film to the point that he disregards safety.\n- Adrien Brody as Jack Driscoll, a screenwriter who falls in love with Ann. He unwittingly becomes part of the voyage when, while delivering a script to Denham, he is deliberately delayed by the latter before he can get off of the *Venture*. He is the only member of the crew who agrees with Ann that Kong should be left alone.\n- Thomas Kretschmann as Captain Englehorn, the German captain of the *Venture*. Englehorn shows a dislike for Denham, presumably because of his obsessive nature.\n- Colin Hanks as Preston, Denham\\'s neurotic but honest personal assistant.\n- Jamie Bell as Jimmy, a naive teenager who was found on the *Venture*, wild and abandoned.\n- Evan Parke as Benjamin \\\"Ben\\\" Hayes, Englehorn\\'s first mate and a mentor to Jimmy, who leads Ann\\'s rescue mission because of his army training and combat experience gained during World War I.\n- Lobo Chan as Choy, Lumpy\\'s best friend and a janitor on the *Venture*.\n- Kyle Chandler as Bruce Baxter, an actor who specializes in adventure films. He abandons Ann\\'s rescue mission but brings Englehorn to rescue the search party from the insect pit, and is given credit for rescuing Ann during the Broadway display of Kong.\n- John Sumner as Herb, Denham\\'s loyal cameraman.\n- Craig Hall as Mike, Denham\\'s soundman for the journey.\n- William Johnson as Manny, an elderly vaudevillian actor and colleague of Darrow.\n- Mark Hadlow as Harry, a struggling vaudevillian actor.\n- Jed Brophy and Todd Rippon appeared in the film as crew members.","parent_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944:4","document_content":"# King Kong (2005 film)\nIn addition, director Jackson appears with makeup artist Rick Baker as the pilot and gunner on the airplane that kills the title character, his children appear as New York children, *The Lord of the Rings* co-producer Rick Porras and *The Shawshank Redemption* director Frank Darabont appear as a gunners in the other airplanes, and Bob Burns and his wife appear as New York bystanders. Frequent Jackson collaborator Howard Shore makes a cameo appearance as the conductor of the New York theater from where Kong escapes.\nWatts, Black, and Brody were the first choices for their respective roles with no other actors considered. In preparation for her role, Watts met with the original Ann Darrow, Fay Wray. Jackson wanted Wray to make a cameo appearance and say the final line of dialogue, but she died during pre-production at 96 years old. Black was cast as Carl Denham based on his performance in the 2000 film *High Fidelity*, which had impressed Jackson. For inspiration, Black studied P. T. Barnum and Orson Welles. \\\"I didn\\'t study Welles move for move. It was just to capture the spirit. Very reckless guy. I had tapes of him drunk off his ass.\\\" The native extras on Skull Island were portrayed by a mix of Asian, African, Maori and Polynesian actors sprayed with dark makeup to achieve a consistent pigmentation.\nModel used in the production of the 2005 adaption of the King Kong series.\n\n### Development\n#### Earlier attempts and 1990s\nPeter Jackson was nine years old when he first saw the 1933 film, and was in tears in front of the TV when Kong was shot and fell off the Empire State Building. At age 12, he attempted to recreate the film using his parents\\' Super 8 mm film camera and a model of Kong made of wire and rubber with his mother\\'s fur coat for the hair, but eventually gave up on the project. *King Kong* eventually became his favorite film and was the primary inspiration for his decision to become a filmmaker as a teenager. He read books about the making of *King Kong* and collected memorabilia, as well as articles from *Famous Monsters of Filmland*. Jackson paid tribute to the 1933 film by including Skull Island as the origin of the zombie plague in his 1992 film *Braindead*.","parent_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944:5","document_content":"# King Kong (2005 film)\n### Development\n#### Earlier attempts and 1990s\nDuring the filming of Jackson\\'s 1996 film *The Frighteners*, Universal Pictures was impressed with Jackson\\'s dailies and early visual effects footage. The studio was adamant to work with Jackson on his next project and, in late 1995, offered him the chance to direct a remake of the 1954 film *Creature from the Black Lagoon*. He turned down the offer, but Universal became aware of Jackson\\'s obsession with *King Kong* and subsequently offered him the opportunity to direct that remake. The studio did not have to worry about lawsuits concerning the film rights from RKO Pictures (the studio behind the 1933 film) because the King Kong character is held in the public domain. Jackson initially turned down the *King Kong* offer, but he \\\"quickly became disturbed by the fact that someone else would take it over,\\\" Jackson continued, \\\"and make it into a terrible film; that haunted me and I eventually said yes to Universal.\\\"","parent_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944:6","document_content":"# King Kong (2005 film)\n### Development\n#### Earlier attempts and 1990s\nAt the same time, Jackson was working with Harvey Weinstein and Miramax Films to purchase the film rights of *The Hobbit* and *The Lord of the Rings*, while 20th Century Fox was trying to hire him for the 2001 remake of *Planet of the Apes*. Jackson turned down *Planet of the Apes* and because Weinstein was taking longer than expected to buy *The Lord of the Rings* rights, Jackson decided to move forward on *King Kong*. Weinstein was furious, and, as a result, Jackson proposed a deal between Universal and Miramax that the two studios would equally finance *King Kong* with Jackson\\'s production company Wingnut Films. Universal would receive distribution rights in the United States, while Miramax would cover foreign territories. Jackson was also warranted the right of final cut privilege, a percentage of the gross profits, as well as artistic control; Universal allowed all filming and visual effects to be handled entirely in New Zealand. The deal was settled in April 1996, and Jackson, along with wife Fran Walsh, began working on the *King Kong* script. In the original draft, Ann was the daughter of famed English archaeologist Lord Linwood Darrow exploring ancient ruins in Sumatra. They would come into conflict with Denham during his filming, and they would uncover a hidden Kong statue and the map of Skull Island. This would indicate that the island natives were the last remnants of a cult religion that had once thrived on Asia\\'s mainland. Instead of a playwright, Jack was the first mate and an ex-World War I fighter pilot still struggling with the loss of his best friend, who had been killed in battle during a World War I prologue. The camera-man Herb is the only supporting character in the original draft who made it to the final version. The fight between Kong and the three *V. rex* also changed from the original draft. In the draft, Ann is actually caught in the *V. rex* jaws, where she becomes wedged, and slashed by the teeth; after the fight, Kong gets her out but she is suffering from a fever, from which she then recovers.","parent_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944:7","document_content":"# King Kong (2005 film)\n### Development\n#### Earlier attempts and 1990s\nUniversal approved of the script with Robert Zemeckis as executive producer, and pre-production for *King Kong* commenced. The plan was to begin filming sometime in 1997 for a summer 1998 release date. Weta Digital and Weta Workshop, under the supervision of Richard Taylor and Christian Rivers, began work on early visual effects tests, specifically the complex task of building a CGI version of New York City circa 1933. Jackson and Walsh progressed with a second draft script, sets were being designed and location scouting commenced in Sumatra and New Zealand. In late 1996, Jackson flew to production of the 1997 film *Titanic* in Mexico to discuss the part of Ann Darrow with Kate Winslet, with whom he previously worked with on his 1994 film *Heavenly Creatures*. Minnie Driver was also being reportedly considered. Jackson\\'s choices for Jack Driscoll and Carl Denham included George Clooney and Robert De Niro. However, development for *King Kong* was stalled in January 1997 when Universal became concerned over the upcoming release of the 1998 film *Godzilla*, as well as other ape-related remakes with the 1998 film *Mighty Joe Young* and the 2001 film *Planet of the Apes*. Universal abandoned *King Kong* in February 1997 after Weta Workshop and Weta Digital had already designed six months\\' worth of pre-production. Jackson then decided to start work on *The Lord of the Rings* film series.","parent_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944:8","document_content":"# King Kong (2005 film)\n### Development\n#### Revival of the project\nWith the financial and critical success of the 2001 film *The Fellowship of the Ring* and the 2002 film *The Two Towers*, Universal approached Jackson in early 2003, during the post-production of *The Return of the King*, concerning his interest in restarting development on *King Kong*. In March 2003, Universal set a target December 2005 release date and Jackson and Walsh brought *The Lord of the Rings* co-writer Philippa Boyens on to help rewrite their 1996 script. Jackson offered New Line Cinema the opportunity to co-finance with Universal, but they declined. Universal and Jackson originally projected a \\$150 million budget, which eventually rose to \\$175 million. Jackson made a deal with Universal whereby he would be paid a \\$20 million salary against 20% of the box office gross for directing, producing and co-writing. He shared that fee with co-writers Walsh (which also covered her producing credit) and Boyens. However, if *King Kong* were to go over its \\$175 million budget, the penalties would be covered by Jackson.","parent_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944:9","document_content":"# King Kong (2005 film)\n### Development\n#### Revival of the project\nImmediately after the completion of *The Return of the King*, Weta Workshop and Weta Digital, supervised by Taylor, Rivers, and Joe Letteri, started pre-production on *King Kong*. Jackson brought back most of the crew he had on *The Lord of the Rings* series, including cinematographer Andrew Lesnie, production designer Grant Major, art directors Simon Bright and Dan Hennah, conceptual designer Alan Lee, and editor Jamie Selkirk. Jackson, Walsh and Boyens began to write a new script in late October 2003. Jackson acknowledged that he was highly unsatisfied with the original 1996 script. \\\"That was actually just Fran and Peter very hurriedly getting something down on paper\\\", Boyens explained. \\\"It was more one of many possible ways the story could go.\\\" The writers chose to base the new screenplay on the 1933 film rather than the 1996 script. They also included scenes from James Ashmore Creelman\\'s screenplay that were either abandoned or omitted during production of the original film. In the scene where Kong shakes the surviving sailors pursuing Ann and himself from a log into the ravine, for example, directors Merian Cooper and Ernest B. Schoedsack originally intended to depict giant spiders emerging from the rock to devour their bodies. This was cut from the original release print, and remains known to *Kong* fans only via a rare still that appeared in *Famous Monsters of Filmland*. Jackson included this scene and elaborated upon it. Jackson, Walsh and Boyens also cited Delos W. Lovelace\\'s 1932 novelisation of *King Kong* as inspiration, which included the character Lumpy (Andy Serkis). To make the relationship between Ann Darrow and Kong plausible, the writers studied hours of gorilla footage. Jackson also optioned *Early Havoc*, a memoir written by vaudeville performer June Havoc to help Walsh and Boyens flesh out Ann Darrow\\'s characterisation. Carl Denham was intentionally modeled after and inspired by Orson Welles. Their new draft was finished in February 2004.","parent_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944:10","document_content":"# King Kong (2005 film)\n### Filming\nPrincipal photography started on September 6, 2004 at Camperdown Studios in Miramar, New Zealand. Camperdown housed the native village and the Great Wall, while the streets of New York City were constructed on its backlot and at Gracefield in Lower Hutt, New Zealand. The majority of the SS *Venture* scenes were shot aboard a full-scale deck constructed in the parking lot at Camperdown Studio and then were backed with a green screen, with the ocean digitally added in post. Scenes set in the Broadway theater from which King Kong makes his escape were filmed in Wellington\\'s Opera House and at the Auckland Civic Theatre. Filming also took place at Stone Street Studios, where a new sound stage was constructed to accommodate one of the sets. Over the course of filming the budget went from \\$175 million to \\$207 million over additional visual effects work needed, and Jackson extending the film\\'s running time by thirty minutes. Jackson covered the \\$32 million surplus himself and finished filming in March 2005.\nThe film\\'s budget climbed from an initial US\\$150 million to a then-record-breaking \\$207 million and received a subsidy of \\$34 million from New Zealand, making it at one point the most expensive film yet made. Universal only agreed to such an outlay after seeing a screening of the unfinished film, to which executives responded enthusiastically. Marketing and promotion costs were an estimated \\$60 million. The film\\'s length also grew; originally set to be 135 minutes, it soon grew to 200, prompting Universal executives to fly to New Zealand to view a rough cut, but they liked it so their concerns were addressed.\nOther difficulties included Peter Jackson\\'s decision to change composers from Howard Shore to James Newton Howard seven weeks before the film opened.","parent_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944:11","document_content":"# King Kong (2005 film)\n### Visual effects\nAndy Serkis in his Kong bodysuit\nJackson saw *King Kong* as opportunity for technical innovations in motion capture, commissioning Christian Rivers of Weta Digital to supervise all aspects of Kong\\'s performance. Jackson decided early on that he did not want Kong to behave like a human, and so he and his team studied hours of gorilla footage. Serkis was cast in the title role in April 2003 and prepared himself by working with gorillas at the London Zoo. He then traveled to Rwanda, observing the actions and behaviors of gorillas in the wild. Rivers explained that the detailed facial performance capture with Serkis was accomplished because of the similarities between human and gorilla faces. \\\"Gorillas have such a similar looking set of eyes and brows, you can look at those expressions and transpose your own interpretation onto them.\\\" Photos of silverback gorillas were also superimposed on Kong\\'s image in the early stages of animation. Serkis had to go through two hours of motion capture makeup every day, having 135 small markers attached to different spots on his face. Following principal photography, Serkis had to spend an additional two months on a motion capture stage, miming Kong\\'s movements for the film\\'s digital animators.\nApart from Kong, Skull Island is inhabited by dinosaurs and other large fauna. Inspired by Dougal Dixon\\'s works, the designers imagined what 65 million years or more of isolated evolution might have done to dinosaurs and the other creatures.\n***King Kong: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack*** was composed by James Newton Howard, who composed *The Sixth Sense*, *Dinosaur*, *Atlantis: The Lost Empire* and *Treasure Planet*. Originally, Howard Shore, who worked with Peter Jackson on *The Lord of the Rings*, was to compose the film\\'s score. Shore completed and recorded several cues before he and Jackson parted ways. Shore\\'s appearance as the conductor in the New York theatre from which Kong escapes remained in the film.\nJames Newton Howard\\'s score was later nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score.","parent_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944:12","document_content":"# King Kong (2005 film)\n### Visual effects\nThe film\\'s soundtrack includes Al Jolson\\'s recording of \\\"I\\'m Sitting on Top of the World\\\", Peggy Lee\\'s \\\"Bye Bye Blackbird\\\", and some themes from Max Steiner\\'s soundtrack for the original 1933 film.\nThe marketing campaign started in full swing on June 27, 2005, when the teaser trailer made its debut, first online at the official Volkswagen website at 8:45\u00a0p.m. EDT, then 8:55\u00a0p.m. EDT across media outlets owned by NBCUniversal (the parent of Universal Studios), including NBC, Bravo!, CNBC, and MSNBC. That trailer appeared in theatres attached to *War of the Worlds*, which opened on June 29.\nJackson also regularly published a series of \\'Production Diaries\\', which chronicled the film\\'s production. The diaries started shortly after the DVD release of *The Return of the King* as a way to give Jackson\\'s *The Lord of the Rings* fans a glimpse of his next project. These diaries are edited into broadband-friendly installments of three or four minutes each. They consist of features that would normally be seen in a making-of documentary: a tour of the set, a roving camera introducing key players behind the scene, a peek inside the sound booth during last-minute dubbing, or Andy Serkis doing his ape movements in a motion capture studio.\nA novelisation of the film and a prequel novel entitled *King Kong: The Island of the Skull* were also written. A multi-platform video game, entitled *Peter Jackson\\'s King Kong*, was released, which featured an alternate ending. There was also a hardback book entitled *The World of Kong: A Natural History of Skull Island*, featuring artwork from Weta Workshop to describe the film\\'s fictional wildlife.\nJackson has expressed his desire to remaster the film in 3-D at some point in the future. Jackson was also seen shooting with a 3-D camera at times during the shoot of *King Kong*.","parent_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944:13","document_content":"# King Kong (2005 film)\n### Box office\nThe billboard at the Odeon Leicester Square premiere\nIn North America, *King Kong* grossed \\$9,755,745 during its Wednesday opening and \\$50,130,145 over its first weekend for a five-day total of \\$66,181,645 from around 7,500 screens at 3,568 theaters. Some analysts considered these initial numbers disappointing, saying that studio executives had been expecting more. The film went on to gross \\$218,080,025 in the North American market and ended up in the top five highest-grossing films of the year there. The film grossed an additional \\$344,283,424 at the box office in other regions for a worldwide total of \\$562,363,449, which not only ranked it in the top five highest-grossing films of 2005 worldwide, but also helped the film bring back more than two-and-a-half times its production budget.\nDuring its home video release, *King Kong* sold over \\$100 million worth of DVDs in the largest six-day performance in Universal Studios history. *King Kong* sold more than 7.6 million DVDs, accumulating nearly \\$194 million worth of sales numbers in the North American market alone. As of June 25, 2006, *King Kong* has generated almost \\$38 million from DVD rental gross. In February 2006, TNT\/TBS and ABC paid Universal Studios \\$26.5 million for the television rights to the film.\n\n### Critical response\n*King Kong* received positive reviews from critics. On aggregate review site Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 84% based on 267 reviews, with an average rating of 7.68\/10. The site\\'s critical consensus reads, \\\"Featuring state-of-the-art special effects, terrific performances, and a majestic sense of spectacle, Peter Jackson\\'s remake of *King Kong* is a potent epic that\\'s faithful to the spirit of the 1933 original.\\\" On Metacritic, the film has a score of 81 out of 100, based on 39 critics, indicating \\\"universal acclaim\\\". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of \\\"A--\\\" on an A+ to F scale.","parent_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944:14","document_content":"# King Kong (2005 film)\n### Critical response\nIt was placed on the \\'top ten\\' lists of several critics, with Roger Ebert giving it four stars, and listed it as 2005\\'s eighth-best film. The film received four Academy Award nominations, for Visual Effects, Sound Mixing (Christopher Boyes, Michael Semanick, Michael Hedges, Hammond Peek), Sound Editing, and Production Design, winning all but the last. *Entertainment Weekly* called the depiction of Kong the most convincing computer-generated character in film in 2005. Some criticised the film for retaining racist stereotypes that had been present in the 1933 film, though it was not suggested that Jackson had done this intentionally. *King Kong* ranks 450th on *Empire* magazine\\'s 2008 list of the 500 Greatest Movies of All Time. *The Guardian* reviewer Peter Bradshaw said that it \\\"certainly equals, and even exceeds, anything Jackson did in *Lord of the Rings*.\\\" However, Charlie Brooker, also of *The Guardian*, gave a negative review in which he describes the film as \\\"sixteen times more overblown and histrionic than necessary\\\".\n\n### Accolades\n`Award`\n`Subject`\n`Nominee`\n`Result`\n`Academy\u00a0Awards`\nBest Art Direction\nGrant Major, Dan Hennah, and Simon Bright\nBest Sound Editing\nMike Hopkins and Ethan Van der Ryn\nBest Sound Mixing\nChristopher Boyes, Michael Semanick, Michael Hedges, and Hammond Peek\nBest Visual Effects\nJoe Letteri, Brian Van\\'t Hul, Christian Rivers, and Richard Taylor\nBritish Academy Film Awards\nBest Special Visual Effects\nJoe Letteri, Brian Van\\'t Hul, Christian Rivers, and Richard Taylor\nBest Production Design\nGrant Major\nBest Sound\nHammond Peek, Christopher Boyes, Mike Hopkins, and Ethan Van der Ryn\nGolden Globe Awards\nBest Director\nPeter Jackson\nBest Original Score\nJames Newton Howard\nSaturn Award\nBest Fantasy Film\nBest Director\nPeter Jackson\nBest Writing\nPhilippa Boyens, Fran Walsh, and Peter Jackson\nBest Actress\nNaomi Watts\nBest Costume\nTerry Ryan\nBest Make-Up\nRichard Taylor, Gino Acevedo, Dominie Till, and Peter King\nBest Special Effects\nJoe Letteri, Brian Van\\'t Hul, Christian Rivers, and Richard Taylor\nVisual Effects Society\nOutstanding Visual Effects in anEffects Driven Motion Picture\nJoe Letteri, Eileen Moran, Christian Rivers, and Eric Saindon\nOutstanding Performance by an AnimatedCharacter in a Live Action Motion Picture","parent_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944:15","document_content":"# King Kong (2005 film)\n### Accolades\nAndy Serkis, Christian Rivers, Atsushi Sato, and Guy Williams\nOutstanding Created Environment in aLive Action Motion Picture\nDan Lemmon, R. Christopher White, Matt Aitken, and Charles Tait\nOutstanding Compositing in a Motion Picture\nErik Winquist, Michaell Pangrazio, Steve Cronin, and Suzanne Jandu\n- Jack Black and critics have noted Carl Denham\\'s similarity to Orson Welles.\n- When Driscoll is searching for a place to sleep in the animal storage hold, a box behind him reads *Sumatran Rat Monkey -- Beware the bite!* This is a reference to the creature that causes mayhem in Jackson\\'s 1992 film *Braindead*. In that film, the rat monkey is described as being found only on Skull Island.\n- Jimmy reads part of Joseph Conrad\\'s *Heart of Darkness* while en route to Skull Island, at one point comparing their journey to that of the novella.","parent_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944:16","document_content":"# King Kong (2005 film)\n### References to original 1933 *King Kong*\n- Fay Wray, the original Ann Darrow, was asked by Jackson to appear in a brief cameo role in which she would utter the film\\'s final line: \\\"It was beauty killed the beast.\\\" At first, she flatly refused, but then seemed to consider the possibility. However, she died shortly after her meeting with Jackson. As in the original film, the line ultimately went to the character of Carl Denham.\n- An ad for Universal is visible while Kong is tearing up Times Square. In the 1933 film, an ad for Columbia Pictures appeared in the same spot, and the production designers replicated it, but Columbia asked for a large amount of money for its use, so effects artists replaced it.\n- When Denham is considering who to play the part before meeting Ann, he suggests \\\"Fay\\\", but his assistant Preston replies, \\\"She\\'s doing a picture with RKO.\\\" Music from the 1933 film is heard, and Denham mutters, \\\"Cooper, huh? I might have known.\\\" Fay Wray starred in the 1933 film, which was directed by Merian C. Cooper and released by RKO. At the time she was performing in another Cooper\/Schoedsack production, *The Most Dangerous Game* with Robert Armstrong.\n- In the 1933 film, Cooper made up an \\\"Arabian proverb\\\" about \\\"beauty and beast\\\". The 2005 remake repeats the fake proverb.\n- Early in this film, Denham shoots a scene for his film in which Ann, in-character, proclaims she\\'s never been on a ship before, and Bruce Baxter improvises lines proclaiming annoyance. The dialogue they exchange is taken verbatim from early scenes between Ann and Jack Driscoll in the 1933 film. Ironically, in this film, Jack Driscoll expresses disapproval of such words toward Ann.\n- Kong\\'s New York stage appearance looks very much like a re-enactment of the 1933 film\\'s sacrifice scene, including the posts the \\'beauty\\' is tied to and the nearly identical performance, costumes, and blackface makeup of the dancers. In addition, the music played by the orchestra during that scene is Max Steiner\\'s original score for the 1933 film.\n- The battle between Kong and the final *V. rex* is almost move-for-move like the last half of the fight between Kong and the *T. rex* in the 1933 film, right down to Kong playing with the dinosaur\\'s broken jaw and then standing, beating his chest and roaring victoriously.\n- After the crew captures Kong on the beach, Denham speaks a line from the 1933 film: \\\"*The whole world will pay to see this! We\\'re millionaires, boys! I\\'ll share it with all of you. In a few months, his name will be up in lights on Broadway! KONG, THE EIGHTH WONDER OF THE WORLD!*\\\"","parent_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944:17","document_content":"# King Kong (2005 film)\n### References to original 1933 *King Kong*\n*King Kong* was released on DVD on March 28, 2006 in the United States and Canada. The three versions that came out are a single-disc fullscreen, a single-disc widescreen, and a two-disc \\'Widescreen Special Edition\\'.\nA three-disc Deluxe Extended Edition was released on November 14, 2006 in the U.S., and on November 3 in Australia. Twelve minutes were reinserted into the film, and an additional forty minutes included with the rest of the special features. The film was spread onto the first two discs with commentary by Peter Jackson and Philippa Boyens, and some featurettes on discs one and two, whilst the main special features are on disc three. Another set was released, including a WETA figurine of a bullet-ridden Kong scaling the Empire State Building, roaring at the Navy with Ann in hand. The extended film amounts to 200 total minutes.\nA special HD DVD version of *King Kong* was part of a promotional pack for the release of the external HD DVD Drive for the Xbox 360. The pack contained the HD DVD drive, the Universal Media Remote and *King Kong* on HD DVD. It was also available separately as a standard HD DVD. The film\\'s theatrical and extended cuts were released together on Blu-ray Disc on January 20, 2009. A re-release of the Blu-Ray with a new bonus disc containing nearly all of the extras from the 2-disc Special Edition DVD, the Deluxe Extended Edition 3-disc DVD, and the \\\"Peter Jackson\\'s Production Diaries\\\" 2-disc DVD titled the \\\"Ultimate Edition\\\" was released on February 7, 2017. An Ultra HD Blu-ray followed in July 2017.","parent_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944:18","document_content":"# King Kong (2005 film)\n### References to original 1933 *King Kong*\nIn March 2021, Adam Wingard said in an interview that back in 2013, Peter Jackson had been interested in producing a sequel to the film, titled *Skull Island*, with Wingard as director and Simon Barrett writing it. Jackson had been impressed with Wingard\\'s work in *You\\'re Next*, and investigated a potential sequel. However, the King Kong rights had already been transferred to Warner Bros.\u00a0by 2013, which complicated a sequel to a Universal-produced movie. Wingard says that Jackson was thinking of setting the proposed movie during World War I, which would make it a prequel, but that the studio was uninterested in a World War I era film. Wingard pivoted to offering a modern day sequel, but ultimately nothing came of the proposal.\nUltimately, Warner Bros.\u00a0rebooted the franchise with *Kong: Skull Island* in 2017, which was part of the MonsterVerse. Wingard would later direct 2021\\'s *Godzilla vs.\u00a0Kong*, another film set in the MonsterVerse.\nThe Universal Orlando Resort location Islands of Adventure features an attraction called \\\"Skull Island: Reign of Kong\\\" which is based on Peter Jackson\\'s remake. While the King Kong part of the Universal Studios Hollywood resort was destroyed by massive fire, a 3D short inspired by the film was eventually created in 2010. This was King Kong: 360 3-D, which is another attraction based on Peter Jackson\\'s remake.\n- List of most expensive films","parent_id":"b167c9ea038a99cc6944","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5a0182800c5ff815ed88:0","document_content":"# Les Ma\u00eetres du temps\n***Les Ma\u00eetres du temps*** (lit. *The Masters of Time*, a.k.a. *Time Masters*, *Herrscher der Zeit* in German, *Az id\u0151 urai* in Hungarian) is a 1982 Franco-West German-Swiss-British-Hungarian animated science fiction feature film directed by Ren\u00e9 Laloux and designed by M\u0153bius. It is based on the 1958 science fiction novel *L\\'Orphelin de Perdide* (*The Orphan of Perdide*) by Stefan Wul.\nThe film centres on a boy, Piel, who is stranded on Perdide, a desert planet where giant killer hornets live. He awaits rescue by the space pilot Jaffar, the exiled prince Matton, his sister Belle and Jaffar\\'s old friend Silbad who are trying to reach Perdide and save Piel before it is too late.\nA man named Claude is driving a six-wheeled, insect-like vehicle over the desert surface of Perdide very fast. He attempts to communicate with Jaffar, saying that \\\"they attacked\\\" and that \\\"Annie is dead.\\\" After a crash that wrecks his vehicle, he lets his son Piel down from the wreckage; he cannot extricate himself. Piel is too young to comprehend the red and white, ovoid interstellar transceiver that Claude hands him. So Claude tells him that it is named \\\"Mike\\\" and will talk to him, and to do whatever Mike tells him to do, but first to run to a coral-like forest and stay within it. After Piel has reached the forest, the crashed vehicle explodes.","parent_id":"5a0182800c5ff815ed88","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5a0182800c5ff815ed88:1","document_content":"# Les Ma\u00eetres du temps\nJaffar is piloting a spacecraft, the *Double Triangle 22*. He plans to reach Perdide by being pulled along by the gravitational field of the Blue Comet. But he\\'s several planetary systems away, and does not go directly to Perdide or the Blue Comet. Instead he heads for a planet where his friend Silbad resides, as Silbad has experience of living on Perdide. Jaffar\\'s passengers, Prince Matton and his sister, Princess Belle, have been deposed from their planet; they bring with them a treasure the Prince took along to fund his restoration. Matton is not at all happy about being diverted and makes no attempt to hide his displeasure; throughout he is depicted as a lazy, arrogant and deceitful individual.\nEach contacts Piel with the transceiver; when they meet Silbad, he sings Piel a song as well, as does the Princess. Whilst on Silbad\\'s planet, they witness the metamorphosis of a water-lily like organism into dozens of empathic, sentient, primary coloured homunculi, two of whom, named Yula and Jad, stow away on Jaffar\\'s spacecraft seeking adventure. Unknown to the Prince, Yula and Jad play with and then dispose of the treasure via the airlock.\nWhen Matton speaks with Piel, he nearly convinces the trusting boy to drown himself in a lake, but is discovered by Belle, who stuns him with a pistol weapon and talks Piel to safety.\nIn order to rendezvous with the Blue Comet, Jaffar pilots his craft to the planet Gamma 10. Prince Matton escapes in a shuttlecraft to the surface of Gamma 10, which is inhabited by faceless, identical white male angels. They capture both Matton and Jaffar, who followed in a space lifeboat. The men will be thrown into the living, thinking amorphous being which controls the planet. Although they are unable to rescue Jaffar, Yula and Jad are able to forewarn him of the fate intended for the captives: they are to become one with the controlling being, dominated entirely by it, losing all sense of individuality in the process and becoming one of the angel-beings.","parent_id":"5a0182800c5ff815ed88","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5a0182800c5ff815ed88:2","document_content":"# Les Ma\u00eetres du temps\nThey instruct Jaffar to resist being assimilated with all the hate and contempt he can muster. When Jaffar tells the Prince to do so as well, Matton leaps into the being and does so, not only destroying it and the building but causing the skin and wings of all the angels to peel away to reveal that they were originally scruffy spacemen reminiscent of pirates. Rescued from the surface of Gamma 10 by Yula and Jad, the freed captives are taken to the *Double Triangle 22*, where they are given food and drink, and the presence of their minds cause comical problems for Yula and Jad.\nThereby Jaffar acquires a crew of misfits on the journey to Perdide. Meanwhile, Piel befriends a large, but harmless creature, a hyponiterix, which puts the young boy on his back and carries him along with it. Soon afterwards, aboard the ship, a patrol cruiser of the Interplanetary Reform catches up with the *Double Triangle 22*, pursuing the fleeing royals and the treasure the now-deceased Prince stole. Jaffar considers that the \\'pirates\\' from Gamma 10 should be able to hijack the Reform cruiser and take it for themselves. During the discussion of this plan, one of rescued beings from Gamma 10, Onyx the Digeed of Gnaz, is revealed to be able to change his shape to resemble any other object. Onyx will impersonate the missing treasure, allowing the escapees to access the Reformist ship.\nJaffar\\'s vessel is boarded by massive numbers of troops, and as he presents his \\\"captured\\\" pirates and the \\\"treasure\\\" to the commander of the other vessel, none of the *Double Triangle 22*\\'s crew is able to converse with Piel, who begins to wander without supervision. Aboard Jaffar\\'s ship there is congratulation as the docking tube between the two vessels retracts, and they speculate on how long it will take the pirates to take control of the military vessel. The military have overlooked the presence of Belle aboard ship, and in fact only seem interested in the treasure itself, rather than the fugitives.","parent_id":"5a0182800c5ff815ed88","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5a0182800c5ff815ed88:3","document_content":"# Les Ma\u00eetres du temps\nRealising they have lost contact with Piel, the crew attempt to contact him, but this is now impossible: traveling with his native companion, Piel has lost his transceiver (and his companion) inside a cave filled with predatory hanging tentacles. He wanders, despondent, back to the lakeside, which takes him out of the forest his father had instructed him to stay within.\nThe *Double Triangle 22* closes on her destination, but the planet is being transported through time by a bizarre race of aliens known only as the Masters of Time. Perdide and everything on it, including Piel, is sent back 60 years through time. The effect of time travel means that aboard the approaching *Double Triangle 22*, the starfield appears to go into flux, and the unprotected crew are knocked unconscious.\nThey awake in a vast space-station, two halves of a bisected sphere the size of a planet, surrounded by a constantly rotating cube described by vast luminous edges. The crew have been treated for exposure to the time-travel area, but Silbad is dying. Yula and Jad, telepathically, reveal how Piel, sent back to the past with the entire planet, was attacked again by the creatures which killed his mother, losing part of his skull before a passing spacefarer who was investigating this suddenly appearing planet, came to his rescue. Silbad, when first describing Perdide to Jaffar and Belle, had revealed a metal plate on his head to repair the damage of this attack, but never demonstrated explicit knowledge of Piel, his parents\\' death, or time travel.\nIt is now obvious to Jaffar and Belle that Silbad and Piel are one and the same person at different points in their life, which ends shortly thereafter as the unconscious old man dies. He is \\\"buried\\\" in space, and his funeral is observed by one of the Masters of Time; a tall luminous-green biped with a drooping, beak-like snout.\n\n### Differences from the novel\nThe motion picture story is based on the novel *L\\'Orphelin de Perdide* (1958) by the French writer Stefan Wul.\nIn the original novel, the character of Piel was also named Claude, like his father. Laloux changed this to distinguish father and son.","parent_id":"5a0182800c5ff815ed88","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5a0182800c5ff815ed88:4","document_content":"# Les Ma\u00eetres du temps\n### Differences from the novel\n- Jean Valmont as Jaffar\n- Michel Elias as Silbad\n- Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Legros as Piel\n- Yves-Marie Maurin as Matton (credited as Yves-Marie)\n- Monique Thierry as Belle\n- Sady Rebbot as Claude\n- Patrick Baujin as Jad\n- Pierre Tourneur as Yula\n- Alain Cuny as Xul\n- Yves Brainville as G\u00e9n\u00e9ral\n- Michel Barbey as Igor\n\n### English voice cast\n- Ray Brooks\nThe BBC (who were co-producers) aired an English-language dubbed version in 1987 and 1991 called ***Time Masters***, featuring, amongst others, the voice of Ray Brooks.\nDirected by Ren\u00e9 Laloux, the film was produced largely at the Pannonia Film Studio in Hungary. The visual design was based on the art of M\u0153bius, otherwise known as Jean Giraud.\nSeveral versions have been released on DVD:\n- A French edition (ASIN: B00017O6KM, 2 disc collectors edition) which was released in 2004 and has no English subtitles.\n- A German edition (ASIN: B004C5L4X6, single disc edition) released on 11 November 2010 and another German edition (ASIN: B001I9ZML4, single disc edition) released on 3 November 2008.\n- The out of print single disc edition released in the US in 2000 (ASIN: B00004S8A2) is in French with English subtitles.\n- UK distributor Eureka! released a restored, wide-screen and English-subtitled version of the film as part of its Masters of Cinema series on 22 October 2007.\n- Causal loop\n- List of animated feature films","parent_id":"5a0182800c5ff815ed88","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"025313dd724cb179c89b:0","document_content":"# Cocoon (film)\n***Cocoon*** is a 1985 American science fiction comedy-drama film directed by Ron Howard and written by Tom Benedek from a story by David Saperstein. The film stars Don Ameche, Wilford Brimley, Hume Cronyn, Brian Dennehy, Jack Gilford, Steve Guttenberg, Maureen Stapleton, Jessica Tandy, Gwen Verdon, Herta Ware, Tahnee Welch, and Linda Harrison, and follows a group of elderly people rejuvenated by aliens.\nThe film was shot in and around St.\u00a0Petersburg, Florida, with locations including the St.\u00a0Petersburg Shuffleboard Club, Suncoast Manor Retirement Community, the Coliseum, and Snell Arcade buildings. The film earned Academy Awards for Best Supporting Actor (Don Ameche) and Best Visual Effects, and was followed by the sequel *Cocoon: The Return* in 1988, in which almost all of the original cast reprised their roles.\nAbout 10,000 years ago, peaceful aliens from the planet Antarea set up an outpost on Earth on Atlantis. When Atlantis sank, twenty aliens were left behind, kept alive in large rock-like cocoons at the bottom of the ocean. Now, a group of Antareans have returned to collect them. Disguising themselves as humans, they rent a house with a swimming pool and charge the water with \\\"life force\\\" to give the cocooned Antareans energy to survive the trip home. They charter a boat from a local captain named Jack, who helps them retrieve the cocoons. Jack spies on Kitty, a beautiful woman from the team who chartered his boat, while she undresses in her cabin, and discovers that she is an alien. After the aliens reveal themselves to him and explain what\\'s going on, he decides to help them.\nNext door to the house the Antareans are renting is a retirement home. Three of its residents, Ben, Arthur, and Joe, often trespass to swim in the pool next door. They absorb some of the life force, making them feel younger and stronger. Eventually caught in the act, they are given permission to use the pool by the Antarean leader, Walter, on the condition that they do not touch the cocoons or tell anybody else about it. Rejuvenated with youthful energy, the three men begin to let the advantages of the pool take hold as they are relieved of their ailments.","parent_id":"025313dd724cb179c89b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"025313dd724cb179c89b:1","document_content":"# Cocoon (film)\nMeanwhile, Kitty and Jack grow closer and decide to make love in the pool. Since she cannot do so in the human manner, she introduces him to the Antarean equivalent, in which she shares her lifeforce energy with him.\nThe other retirement home residents become suspicious after witnessing Ben\\'s wife Mary climb a tree. Their friend Bernie reveals the secret of the pool to the other residents, who rush to the pool to swim in its waters. When Walter finds them damaging one of the cocoons he ejects them from the property. The Antereans open the damaged cocoon, and the creature inside shares his last moments with Walter, who begins to cry as he dies. Later that evening, Bernie finds his wife Rose has stopped breathing and carries her body to the pool in an attempt to heal her, only to be informed by Walter that the pool no longer works due to the other residents draining the force in the rush to make themselves young.\nWalter explains that the cocoons can\\'t survive the trip back to Antarea, but will be able to survive on Earth. With the help of Jack, Ben, Arthur and Joe, the Antareans return the cocoons to the sea. The Antareans offer to take residents of the retirement home with them to Antarea, where they will never grow older and never die. Most of them accept the offer, but Bernie chooses to remain on Earth.\nUpon leaving, Ben tells his grandson David that he and Mary are leaving for good. As the residents are leaving, David\\'s mother Susan finds out about their destination and quickly drives to the retirement home, where they find the majority of the rooms vacant and contact local authorities.\nWhile the police are searching for the residents, David notices Jack\\'s boat, with the Antareans and the retirement residents aboard, starting and jumps onto the side as it pulls away. The boat is being chased by the Coast Guard, so with little time left, David says a tearful goodbye to Ben and Mary before jumping off into the water. The Coast Guard boats stop to pick him up, giving the others a chance to get away. Out of nowhere, a thick fog appears and strands the remaining Coast Guard boats and they call off the chase.","parent_id":"025313dd724cb179c89b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"025313dd724cb179c89b:2","document_content":"# Cocoon (film)\nAs the Antarean ship appears, Walter pays Jack for his services and the boat. Jack embraces Kitty for the last time and they share a kiss. He then says farewell to everyone before jumping into an inflatable raft as the boat starts rising up into the Antarean vessel. Jack watches as the boat disappears inside the ship and departs.\nBack on earth, a funeral is held for the missing residents. During the sermon, David looks toward the sky and smiles. The film ends with the Antarean vessel going towards a bright-looking object, assumed to be a hyperspace entrance or portal, leading to Antarea.\n- Don Ameche as Art Selwyn\n- Wilford Brimley as Ben Luckett\n- Hume Cronyn as Joe Finley\n- Brian Dennehy as Walter\n- Jack Gilford as Bernie Lefkowitz\n- Steve Guttenberg as Jack Bonner\n- Maureen Stapleton as Mary Luckett\n- Jessica Tandy as Alma Finley\n- Gwen Verdon as Bess McCarthy\n- Herta Ware as Rose Lefkowitz\n- Tahnee Welch as Kitty\n- Barret Oliver as David\n- Linda Harrison as Susan\n- Tyrone Power Jr.\u00a0as Pillsbury\n- Clint Howard as John Dexter\n- Charles Lampkin as Pops\n- Mike Nomad as Doc\n- Jorge Gil as Lou Pine\n- Rance Howard as St.\u00a0Petersburg detective\n- James Ritz as DMV clerk\n- Peter Cody as boy in nursing home lobby\n- Jim Fitzpatrick as Dock Worker (uncredited)\nCasting for the film and its sequel was overseen by casting director Beverly McDermott.\nRobert Zemeckis was originally hired as director, and spent a year working on it in development. He was at the time directing *Romancing the Stone*, another film for the same studio, 20th Century Fox. Fox executives previewed *Romancing the Stone* before its release in 1984 and hated it. That, in addition to his two previous directorial efforts, *I Wanna Hold Your Hand* and *Used Cars*, both being commercial failures (though critically acclaimed) led the studio to fire Zemeckis as director of *Cocoon*. He was replaced with Ron Howard. (*Romancing the Stone* turned out to be a huge commercial success and gave Zemeckis the chance to work on *Back to the Future*, which had previously been turned down by every major studio, as the director and screenwriter of the film.)","parent_id":"025313dd724cb179c89b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"025313dd724cb179c89b:3","document_content":"# Cocoon (film)\nLocation filming took place in St.\u00a0Petersburg, Florida, between August 20 and November 1, 1984.\nWilford Brimley was only 49 when he was cast as a senior citizen, and turned 50 during filming; he was as much as 26 years younger than the actors playing the other elderly characters. In order to look the part, Brimley bleached his hair and moustache to turn them gray, and had wrinkles and liver spots drawn on his face.\nThe score for *Cocoon* was composed and conducted by James Horner. The soundtrack was released twice, through Polydor Records in 1985 and a reprint through P.E.G. in 1997 and features eleven tracks of score and a vocal track performed by Michael Sembello. Despite the reprint, it is still considered a rarity among soundtrack collectors. Ron Howard directed the music video for \\\"Gravity,\\\" and also has a cameo appearance as himself, investigating Sembello\\'s \\\"disappearance.\\\" \\\"Gravity\\\" was Howard\\'s first, and to date, only music video.\n1.  \\\"Through the Window\\\" (2:54)\n2.  \\\"The Lovemaking\\\" (4:21)\n3.  \\\"The Chase\\\" (4:27)\n4.  \\\"Rose\\'s Death\\\" (2:10)\n5.  \\\"The Boys are Out\\\" (2:35)\n6.  \\\"Returning to Sea\\\" (4:13)\n7.  \\\"Gravity\\\" (4:52) - written and performed by Michael Sembello\n8.  \\\"Discovered in the Poolhouse\\\" (2:45)\n9.  \\\"First Tears\\\" (1:49)\n10. \\\"Sad Goodbyes\\\" (2:22)\n11. \\\"The Ascension\\\" (5:55)\n12. \\\"Theme from *Cocoon*\\\" (6:03)\nIn 2013, Intrada Records released an expanded and remastered edition.","parent_id":"025313dd724cb179c89b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"025313dd724cb179c89b:4","document_content":"# Cocoon (film)\n1.  \\\"Through the Window\\\" (2:58)\n2.  \\\"Going to the Pool\\\" (1:55)\n3.  \\\"Pool Is Closed\\\" (2:10)\n4.  \\\"Mysterious Dive\\\" (1:54)\n5.  \\\"Seduction \/ Let\\'s Go\\\" (2:10)\n6.  \\\"Unveiling\\\" (1:05)\n7.  \\\"Discovered in the Poolhouse\\\" (2:47)\n8.  \\\"A Relapse\\\" (1:27)\n9.  \\\"The Lovemaking\\\" (4:24)\n10. \\\"First Tears\\\" (1:51)\n11. \\\"Rose\\'s Death\\\" (2:14)\n12. \\\"Returning to Sea\\\" (4:16)\n13. \\\"Sad Goodbye\\\" (2:15)\n14. \\\"Sneaking Away\\\" (3:15)\n15. \\\"David Runs to the Boat\\\" (1:53)\n16. \\\"The Chase\\\" (4:30)\n17. \\\"The Ascension\\\" (6:01)\n18. \\\"Theme from *Cocoon*\\\" (6:05)\n19. \\\"The Boys Are Out\\\" (2:37)\n20. \\\"I Feel Great\\\" (1:05)\n21. \\\"Rock Source\\\" (1:13)\n22. \\\"Gravity\\\" (4:00)","parent_id":"025313dd724cb179c89b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"025313dd724cb179c89b:5","document_content":"# Cocoon (film)\nThe film received mostly positive critical reception. Commented *The New York Times*\\' Janet Maslin, \\\"Mr.\u00a0Howard brings a real sweetness to his subject, as does the film\\'s fine cast of veteran stars; he has also given *Cocoon* the bright, expansive look of a hot-weather hit. And even when the film begins to falter, as it does in its latter sections, Mr.\u00a0Howard\\'s touch remains reasonably steady. He does the most he can with material that, after an immensely promising opening, heads into the predictable territory of Spielberg-inspired beatific science fiction.\\\" *Variety* called it \\\"a fountain of youth fable which imaginatively melds galaxy fantasy with the lives of aging mortals in a Florida retirement home and weaves a mesmerizing tale.\\\" The film holds a 75% \\\"Fresh\\\" rating on Rotten Tomatoes from 32 critics. The critical consensus reads, \\\"Though it may be too sentimental for some, Ron Howard\\'s supernatural tale of eternal youth is gentle and heartwarming, touching on poignant issues of age in the process.\\\" Metacritic gave the film a score of 65 based on 18 reviews, indicating \\\"generally favorable reviews\\\".\nThe film was also a box office hit, making over \\$76 million in North America where it became the sixth highest-grossing film of 1985.\n\n### Accolades\n**Academy Awards**\n- Best Actor in a Supporting Role, Don Ameche in 1985\n- Best Visual Effects in 1985 (David Berry, Scott Farrar, Ralph McQuarrie and Ken Ralston).\n**Saturn Awards**\n- Best Director, Ron Howard - Won\n- Best Science Fiction Film - Nominated\n- Best Actor, Hume Cronyn - Nominated\n- Best Actress, Jessica Tandy - Nominated\n- Best Supporting Actress, Gwen Verdon - Nominated\n- Best Writing, Tom Benedek - Nominated\n- Best Music, James Horner - Nominated\n**Other honors**\nThe film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists:\n- 2006: AFI\\'s 100 Years\\...100 Cheers -- Nominated\n- 2008: AFI\\'s 10 Top 10:\n  - Nominated Science Fiction Film\n- D.A.R.Y.L","parent_id":"025313dd724cb179c89b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"74580b361f4c452f282e:0","document_content":"# Cat City\n***Cat City*** () is a 1986 Hungarian animated comic science fiction film, directed by B\u00e9la Ternovszky and written by J\u00f3zsef Nepp. The title *Cat City* was used in the United States distribution. The film was selected as the Hungarian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 59th Academy Awards, but it was not nominated.\nThe film opens with a Star Wars opening crawl, which explains the film\\'s premise: *In year 80 AM (Anno Mickey Mouse), the mice of Planet X are threatened by humiliation and total apocalypse. The well-organized, fully equipped gangs of evil cats are aiming for the total obliteration of mice, not caring for the old conventions between mice and cats. But in the last moment, when the mouse leaders are beginning to consider leaving the planet, a new hope rises\\...*\nThe film is a parody of several famous feature films, mainly the James Bond series. It tells the story of a special agent who is sent to the city of \\\"Pokyo\\\" to obtain the secret plans of a machine which could save mouse society. Of course, the cats don\\'t want this to happen, and send some rat gangsters to stop him, who don\\'t always prove as efficient as they initially seem.\n.\nThe film was made on a limited budget of about 3 million USD, with the characters drawn and animated by hand, while objects and backgrounds were derived from 3D models and computer simulation. The visual world of the film is said to be influenced by the Matrix trilogy and Sin City, but softened for a younger audience. The former working title of Cat City 2 was retained as the final subtitle: \\\"Cat of Satan\\\", which would be translated literally as \\\"The Tabby of the Baskervilles\\\" if translated into English in its original context. The project was led by the original Nepp and Ternovszky duo, who directed the first film.","parent_id":"74580b361f4c452f282e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"74580b361f4c452f282e:1","document_content":"# Cat City\nThe story of Cat City 2 centers around an investigative journalist named Stanley Mouse, who wants to find out about the legend of an ancient \\\"cat tribe\\\" lost in Africa. He finds them and much more, once again threatening the continued existence of mouse civilization. Special Agent Grabowsky will act to save the day, however. The events are supposed to take place some 20 years after the first episode, as one of the already leaked cells shows the titular Cat-Catcher mecha rusting away in a shelter, and a grown-up child of some character appears in the plot.\nPremiering on December 20, 2007, by January 2008 it had made the Hungarian Box Office Top Ten for 6 consecutive weeks.\n- List of animated feature films\n- *Vuk*, another famous Hungarian animated film\n- List of submissions to the 59th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film\n- List of Hungarian submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film","parent_id":"74580b361f4c452f282e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"eae0b73742c8ce0d874c:0","document_content":"# The Prince & Me\n***The Prince & Me*** is a 2004 American romantic comedy film directed by Martha Coolidge, and starring Julia Stiles, Luke Mably and Ben Miller, with Miranda Richardson, James Fox and Alberta Watson. The film focuses on Paige Morgan, a pre-med college student in Wisconsin, who is pursued by a prince posing as an ordinary college student. The film had 3 direct-to-video sequels created under different writers and a new director, with Kam Heskin replacing Julia Stiles in the role of Paige Morgan: *The Prince & Me 2: The Royal Wedding* (2006), *The Prince & Me: A Royal Honeymoon* (2008), and *The Prince & Me: The Elephant Adventure* (2010).\nPaige Morgan is an ambitious pre-medical student at the University of Wisconsin--Madison. Meanwhile, across the Atlantic, Denmark\\'s Crown Prince Edvard prefers to live the life of a playboy, and when with his family often ignores or marginalizes his royal responsibilities.\nInspired by a television commercial showing Wisconsin co-eds flashing their breasts, Edvard meets with his parents, King Haraald and Queen Rosalind, and announces his intention to attend college in America---specifically, Wisconsin, and to do so anonymously. The Queen then dispatches Edvard\\'s majordomo, S\u00f8ren, to chaperone the trip. Arriving at the university, Edvard orders S\u00f8ren to keep his identity a secret and to call him \\'Eddie\\'.\nLater at a bar, Eddie sees Paige serving and asks her to take off her shirt, like on television. Paige angrily drenches Eddie with the drink hose and bouncers escort Eddie from the bar. Eddie later apologizes to Paige, but she is annoyed when they are assigned as lab partners for an organic chemistry class. Since the class is important for Paige\\'s medical school ambitions, she warns Eddie to not get in her way and reprimands him after he sleeps in through one of their lab experiments. Running out of money, Eddie gets a job in the deli section of the bar. Paige reluctantly helps him during his first day, and the two start to mend fences. Paige does well in science, but she struggles in an English literature class. Eddie uses his earlier education to help Paige gain a better understanding of William Shakespeare, and Paige instructs Edvard in common household chores like laundry.","parent_id":"eae0b73742c8ce0d874c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"eae0b73742c8ce0d874c:1","document_content":"# The Prince & Me\nSince Eddie is away from his family and unfamiliar with American holidays, Paige invites him to her parents' dairy farm for Thanksgiving. Paige\\'s father explains how he struggles to keep the small farm afloat, and Eddie uses his mechanical skills to fine-tune a riding mower for a race, which he wins. Keith Kopetsky, a rival racer reveals to be a sore loser and punches Eddie. After the fight that follows, Paige treats his grazes and they kiss for the first time.\nBack at school, Eddie and Paige study for final exams. They sneak off to the library stacks to pursue a romantic encounter, where they kiss and take off his jacket and shirt. They are shortly ambushed by members of the Danish tabloid press. Once away from the mayhem, Paige learns his real identity and walks away from him through the rain. Just then, Eddie is notified by his mother that his father is very ill and she asks him to return home. While Paige is questioned at a viva voce panel about Shakespeare, she realizes that she loves Edvard and runs to find him, but his roommate Scotty tells her that he has already left for Denmark. She follows him there and while being driven round Copenhagen is delayed by a royal parade. Paige leaves her taxi and is recognized from the papers by the crowd, who call Edvard's attention to her. He mounts her behind him on his horse, hurriedly opens a parliamentary session and takes her to the castle.\nThe queen objects to Edvard\\'s choice, but the king tells him that if he loves Paige, he should marry her. Edvard proposes and Paige accepts. After witnessing him reconcile workers and employers in a parliamentary committee, the queen realizes that Paige has helped him grow up at last and will make a good queen. However, during Eddie\\'s coronation ball, Paige remembers that she is betraying her ambition to become a doctor working in Third World countries, breaks off her engagement and returns home.\nKing Haraald abdicates and the newly crowned Edvard realizes that he too has responsibilities to shoulder. However, he arrives after Paige's graduation and tells her that she is his choice and he is willing to wait for however long it takes to achieve her dreams.\nThe film\\'s soundtrack was released on March 30, 2004, in the United States by Hollywood Records.","parent_id":"eae0b73742c8ce0d874c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"eae0b73742c8ce0d874c:2","document_content":"# The Prince & Me\n### Track listing\n1.  \\\"Everybody Wants You\\\" - Josh Kelley\n2.  \\\"Just a Ride\\\" - Jem\n3.  \\\"Fire Escape\\\" - Fastball\n4.  \\\"Man of the World\\\" - Marc Cohn\n5.  \\\"Calling\\\" - Leona Naess\n6.  \\\"Good Intentions\\\" - Jennifer Stills\n7.  \\\"I Hope That I Don\\'t Fall in Love with You\\\" - Marc Cohn\n8.  \\\"Symphony\\\" - Jessica Riddle\n9.  \\\"It Doesn't Get Better Than This\\\" - Katy Fitzgerald\n10. \\\"Freeway\\\" - Scapegoat Wax\n11. \\\"Presidente\\\" - Kinky\n12. \\\"Drift\\\" - Forty Foot Echo\n13. \\\"Party\\\" - The D4\n14. \\\"Bloodsweet\\\" - Scapegoat Wax\n15. \\\"Separate Worlds\\\" - Jennie Muskett\nThe film received negative reviews from critics and Rotten Tomatoes rated it 27% based on 116 reviews, an overall \\\"rotten\\\" rating. They called the film \\\"bland, fluffy, and predictable bit of wish fulfillment\\\". Metacritic reported the movie had an average score of 47 out of 100, based on 31 reviews. The *Christian Science Monitor*s David Sterritt gave the film a positive review, calling it \\\"quite appealing, thanks to good-humored acting and to Martha Coolidge\\'s quiet directing style.\\\" Meanwhile, Manohla Dargis of the *Los Angeles Times* gave the film a negative review, calling it \\\"a blandly diverting, chastely conceived and grammatically challenged fairy tale\\\" *USA Today* said that *The Prince & Me* was overall \\\"well-meaning, cute, sweet\\\" but that the film could have been improved with \\\"a bit more quirkiness and a little less formula.\\\"","parent_id":"eae0b73742c8ce0d874c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"92b65a560473cca905da:0","document_content":"# Love Wrecked\n***Love Wrecked**\\'\\' (also known as***Temptation Island**\\'\\' internationally) is a 2005 American adventure romantic comedy film directed by Randal Kleiser. Starring Amanda Bynes, it is a romantic comedy about a girl getting stranded with a rock star on a beach in the Caribbean.\nThe movie was released on May 18, 2005 internationally. In the United States, Media 8 Entertainment failed attempts to interest a theatrical distributor and, after nearly two years, the film was sold to ABC Family; where it premiered on January 21, 2007.\nJennifer Taylor (Amanda Bynes) is in love with Jason Masters (Chris Carmack), a world-famous rock star, but her efforts to meet him are always thwarted by her nemesis, Alexis (Jamie-Lynn Sigler). Hoping to get another chance, Jennifer takes a job at Masters\\' favorite Caribbean resort, joined by her best friend Ryan (Jonathan Bennett). Jennifer sneaks aboard a party vessel Jason is on, and when Jason is washed overboard, Jennifer jumps in to save him. Though the pair find themselves marooned in a secluded cove of a seemingly-deserted island, Jennifer soon discovers that they have landed a short distance from the resort. She lets him believe they are stranded so she can make him fall in love with her.\nJennifer gets help from Ryan, who drives out to her location to provide her with supplies. When Alexis discovers Jennifer\\'s plan by following Ryan secretly, she also pretends to be marooned with them. While Ryan has been helping, he has also decided to act on his long-standing love for Jennifer, seeking advice on asking her out. He completely transforms himself, yet when she sees him, all she talks about is Jason. Ryan confesses he can\\'t stop thinking about her and kisses her, but when Jennifer protests that they are friends he tells her that he\\'s going home, and drives off. Jennifer feels bad and after learning that the coast guard has called off the search for them and seeing mourning fans around the world. She tells Jason the truth about not being stranded. He gets upset at both Jennifer and Alexis, promises to sue them both, and leaves them behind as he hitches a ride back to the resort.","parent_id":"92b65a560473cca905da","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"92b65a560473cca905da:1","document_content":"# Love Wrecked\nWhen Ryan hears that a storm is going to hit the side of the island where Jennifer is he drives out to save her. As the storm builds, Jennifer gets stuck in the car Ryan had abandoned to look for her, when Ryan returns just in time to save her as the car is about to slide over a muddy embankment. When he takes Jennifer into a cave and lights a fire to keep her warm, she realizes that he is the one that cares for her the most. After the storm passes, Jenny and Ryan return to the resort, where Jason and his manager tell Jennifer that they need her help to maintain the \\'stranded\\' story at a press conference. Ryan proclaims his love for Jennifer before he is thrown out the door by Jason\\'s bodyguard.\nAt the press conference, Jennifer tells everyone that her boyfriend is Ryan and that Alexis is Jason\\'s fiancee, then walks off with Ryan. As the end-credits roll, Jason is on stage in Winnipeg, unhappily dedicating a song to his wife, Alexis, who is standing at his side.\n- Amanda Bynes as Jennifer Taylor, an 18-year-old fan of Jason Masters who travels to the Sun Village beach resort with her best friend Ryan to earn money for college\n- Chris Carmack as Jason Masters, a world-famous rock star who travels to the resort before his world tour\n- Jonathan Bennett as Ryan, Jennifer\\'s best friend who travels with her to the resort and who secretly loves her\n- Jamie-Lynn Sigler as Alexis Minetti, Jennifer\\'s arch-rival who also likes Jason Masters\n- Fred Willard as Ben Taylor, Jennifer\\'s father\n- Lance Bass as Dan, the phone operator\n- Alfonso Ribeiro as Brent Hernandez, the resort\\'s manager\n- Kathy Griffin as Belinda\n- Leonardo Cuesta as Gail\nThe original Director\\'s Cut was premiered in 2005 at the Dominican Republic International Film Festival, held in Cofresi Beach, where the film was shot.\n*Love Wrecked* was re-edited several times between 2005 and 2007 to tone down content, finally getting a 2007 release as a family film:","parent_id":"92b65a560473cca905da","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"92b65a560473cca905da:2","document_content":"# Love Wrecked\n- 2005: Theatrical rating - PG-13 for Sexual References.\n- 2006: Re-rating - PG for Sensuality, Crude Humor and Language.\n- 2007: The original U.S. theatrical version of the film received a PG rating from the British Board of Film Classification for \\\"mild language, sex references and comic violence\\\". It later played on the UK\\'s Sky Movies channel.\nThe Region 1 DVD was released on March 13, 2007. The Region 2 DVD was released on September 17, 2007, and was the 4th bestselling DVD in it first week. In the UK, *Love Wrecked* was the first film released by Delanic Films, and was released on May 18, 2007. The film opened at no. 6 on the UK box office chart at 235 screens, and grossed \u00a3600,000.\n*Love Wrecked* received generally poor reviews. On its Rotten Tomatoes listing, 17% of critics gave the film positive reviews, based on 6 reviews. Christopher Null of FilmCritic gave the film 2 out of 5 stars, stating that \\\"Bynes has made far better films\\\". Brian Orndorf of DVD Talk said that \\\"*Love Wrecked* seems like such innocent fun until the tale drains of excitement and the Bynes batteries begin to wear down\\\".","parent_id":"92b65a560473cca905da","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"102377b017897ea8ade4:0","document_content":"# Project X (1987 film)\n***Project X*** is a 1987 science fiction comedy-drama film produced by Walter F. Parkes and Lawrence Lasker, directed by Jonathan Kaplan, and starring Matthew Broderick and Helen Hunt. The plot revolves around a USAF Airman (Broderick) and a graduate student (Hunt) who are assigned to care for chimpanzees used in a secret Air Force project.\nUniversity of Wisconsin graduate student Teri MacDonald (Helen Hunt) has trained a chimpanzee named Virgil (Willie) to use sign language. When her National Science Foundation research grant is not renewed, she is forced to sell Virgil. He is taken to an Air Force base in Lockridge, Florida, to be used in a top-secret research project involving flight simulation, though she\\'s told that he\\'s been sent to the Houston Zoo.\nAirman Jimmy Garrett (Matthew Broderick) is assigned to the same chimpanzee project. Virgil and Jimmy quickly bond, and Jimmy discovers that Virgil has been taught sign language. Unbeknownst to Jimmy, once the chimpanzees reach a certain level in operating the flight simulator, they will be exposed to a lethal pulse of radiation to determine how long a pilot may survive after a nuclear exchange in carrying out a second-strike.\nWhen Jimmy becomes aware of the chimpanzees\\' fate, he contacts Teri, who comes to the base. Teri tells Jimmy that she will inform the NSF of the deception, but Jimmy explains that she does not have enough time because Virgil is scheduled to die soon.\nJimmy challenges Dr.\u00a0Carroll (William Sadler) and others about the project\\'s value by noting that the hypothetical pilot, knowing the implications of the second-strike scenario, would know that he is dying, and would, therefore, be affected by that knowledge. However, the chimpanzees would not be as aware; thus, the project is flawed. Enraged, Dr.\u00a0Carroll promises Jimmy that his military career is finished.","parent_id":"102377b017897ea8ade4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"102377b017897ea8ade4:1","document_content":"# Project X (1987 film)\nMeanwhile, in the vivarium, some of the chimpanzees have unlocked their cages and have stacked crates and boxes to attempt an escape through a skylight. Jimmy, Teri, Dr.\u00a0Carroll and the authorities walk in the vivarium to see the chimpanzees loose. Virgil is at the top of the stack and attempts to break the skylight with a crowbar. Teri sees Virgil up top and convinces him to come down. Dr.\u00a0Carroll attempts to control the chimpanzees with an electric prod, but Goliath the chimpanzee proves too powerful, prompting Dr.\u00a0Carroll and the authorities to flee. Many chimpanzees escape the vivarium and cause havoc throughout the base, while Goliath and a few others reach the flight chamber. Inside, Goliath and the chimpanzees wreck the simulator and short the reactor's control panel, causing the radiation reactor to go up. Jimmy, Teri and Virgil arrive and see the chimpanzees continue to wreck the flight chamber. Jimmy gets the chimpanzees out and barely escapes, however, Goliath's refusal to leave despite Jimmy's pleas traps him in the flight chamber just as the reactor's control panel short-circuits and generates a radiation blast. A fire extinguisher left by the chimps jams the reactor on its way down, posing a risk of a possible meltdown. Jimmy and Virgil convince Goliath to yank out the jammed fire extinguisher and succeed, but Goliath later dies from radiation exposure.\nJimmy and Teri steal a military plane to help the chimpanzees escape, but military police stop them. While the police are holding them, Virgil pilots the plane, and the chimps fly away. They eventually crash in the nearby Everglades and evade a search. Just as the search is being abandoned, Jimmy and Teri see Virgil hiding in the bush with his chimpanzee girlfriend. Teri signs to Virgil that he and the others are now \\\"free\\\", and the chimpanzees disappear into the Everglades.","parent_id":"102377b017897ea8ade4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"102377b017897ea8ade4:2","document_content":"# Project X (1987 film)\n- Matthew Broderick as Jimmy Garrett\n- Helen Hunt as Teri MacDonald\n- William Sadler as Dr.\u00a0Carroll (credited as Bill Sadler)\n- Johnny Ray McGhee as Robertson\n- Jonathan Stark as Sgt.\u00a0Krieger\n- Robin Gammell as Col. Niles\n- Stephen Lang as Watts\n- Jean Smart as Dr.\u00a0Criswell\n- Daniel Roebuck as Hadfield\n- Marvin J. McIntyre as Cellmate\n- Harry Northup as Congressman\n- Michael Eric Kramer as Lt. Voeks\n- Dick Miller as Max King\n- Jules Sylvester as Airman\n- Richard Cummings Jr.\u00a0as Lt. Hayes\n- Robert Lee Minor as Air Policeman\n- Ken Lerner as Finley\n- Michael McGrady as Wilson\n- Deborah Offner as Carol Lee\n- Lance E. Nichols as Hamer\n- Ken Sagoes as Patrolman\n- Richard Paul as Lead Ape\nLawrence Lasker began pre-production of the film at Warner Bros.\u00a0Pictures with John Badham directing, but switched to 20th Century Fox after Warner Bros insisted on using small actors in chimpanzee suits instead of real chimpanzees. The film was shot in Los Angeles and at Camarillo Airport and at Van Nuys Airport.\n\n### Critical reception\nThe movie received generally positive reviews from critics. , it holds a 75% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on 20 reviews with an average rating of 6.1\/10.\nIn his review for *The New York Times*, Walter Goodman described the film as a \\\"young folks\\' story, a sweet-natured boy-and-his-chimp tale (even the bad guys aren\\'t all that bad - that\\'s very arguable), with a dose of Animal Liberation to give the impression that something of current significance is going on.\\\"\nOn 5 February 1989, it was the first film ever shown on Sky Movies in the United Kingdom and Ireland.","parent_id":"102377b017897ea8ade4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"102377b017897ea8ade4:3","document_content":"# Project X (1987 film)\n### Controversy\nTV personality Bob Barker and the United Activists for Animal Rights accused the film\\'s producers of animal cruelty. The American Humane Association, which consulted during production, filed a \\$10 million defamation lawsuit, arguing that the animal cruelty claims were based on hearsay. In 1994, over Barker\\'s objections, his insurance company settled the lawsuit for \\$300,000.\nVirgil was portrayed by \\\"Willie\\\", who now resides at Primarily Primates wildlife refuge. Willie was sent there along with Harry, who played his \\\"girlfriend\\\". They were retired from the entertainment industry and live with other males in a tightly knit group at the refuge in Bexar County, Texas.","parent_id":"102377b017897ea8ade4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c9d2afa0368b8b3af6b0:0","document_content":"# Nothing Lasts Forever (film)\n***Nothing Lasts Forever*** is a 1984 American science fiction comedy-drama film written and directed by Tom Schiller. Shortly before its intended release date of September 1984, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer postponed it. The film has never been officially released theatrically or for home media in the United States. The film was uploaded by a fan onto the Internet video website YouTube, but was taken down at the insistence of Turner Entertainment, the current copyright owner.\nIt was eventually broadcast on Warner\\'s cable TV network Turner Classic Movies.\nIt stars Zach Galligan and Lauren Tom in the lead roles, with a supporting cast including Bill Murray, Dan Aykroyd, Sam Jaffe and Mort Sahl. John Belushi was to appear in the film, but he died six weeks before production began.\nThe making of the film, through interviews with Tom Schiller, Lorne Michaels, Zach Galligan, Lauren Tom, Bill Murray and others involved with the film, is chronicled in the book *Nothing Lost Forever: The Films of Tom Schiller* by Michael Streeter (BearManor Media, 2005).\nThe film opens to Adam Beckett (Zach Galligan) reluctantly performing as a purported pianist to an audience in New York City. When Beckett gives away that he is using a player piano, the outraged crowd storms the stage and wraps Beckett with the piano rolls. After he awakes and realizes it was a nightmare, Adam is accosted on a train by a Swedish architect, to whom he explains his stymied dreams of becoming an artist. After encouragement from the architect, Adam resolves to return to America. Upon returning, he discovers that the Port Authority has taken control of New York and is restricting entry into the city.\nUpon failing a drawing test at the Port Authority, Adam is forced to work in a menial job under a trigger-happy boss (Dan Aykroyd).","parent_id":"c9d2afa0368b8b3af6b0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c9d2afa0368b8b3af6b0:1","document_content":"# Nothing Lasts Forever (film)\nHis kindness to a tramp leads him to be taken into an underground network where he discovers that the city\\'s tramps are controlling the destiny of all the cities in the world. They instruct him to travel to the moon on a mission---via a city bus and its conductor (Bill Murray) ---to spread peace and find his true love (Lauren Tom).\nShortly before the scheduled release date, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer announced *Nothing Lasts Forever* was being postponed. MGM never released the film theatrically, nor has it ever been available on home video in any format in the United States. However, the film has been broadcast on TV networks, on BBC2 in the UK in 1994 as part of the Moviedrome strand, in Italy under the title \\\"Nente dura per sempre\\\", in Germany under the title \\\"Alles ist verg\u00e4nglich\\\" and on Dutch television network RTL5 in November 1993. Warner Bros., Which now owns the rights to the pre-1986 MGM film library stated in 2003 and again in February 2006, that the film cannot be released on DVD due to unspecified \\\"legal difficulties\\\". Bill Murray and Dan Aykroyd have both agreed to take part in DVD special features, should the film finally be released.\nIn 2011 the film was leaked onto YouTube.","parent_id":"c9d2afa0368b8b3af6b0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c9d2afa0368b8b3af6b0:2","document_content":"# Nothing Lasts Forever (film)\nThe film made its American television debut on the cable network Turner Classic Movies on January 4, 2015 as part of their \\\"TCM Underground\\\" programming block.\nMurray and Schiller held a screening of the film on April 13, 2004 at the BAM Cinematek in Brooklyn, New York. On September 6, 2005, Murray, Schiller and Zach Galligan attended another screening, this time at Lincoln Center\\'s Walter Reade Theater. The screening was followed by a Q&A session and a book signing of *Nothing Lost Forever: The Films of Tom Schiller*. The film was next screened on November 12, 2005 at the St.\u00a0Louis International Film Festival. On January 28, 2006, Schiller introduced a screening at the Eastman House\\'s Dryden Theatre in Rochester, New York. Schiller was again present for an August 22, 2007 screening at the Cinema Arts Center of Huntington, New York. The film was shown on November 6, 2009 at Olympia\\'s Capitol Theater as part of the opening night of the Olympia Film Festival. On April 1, 2010, it screened in Los Angeles, California at Grauman\\'s Egyptian Theatre in Hollywood as part of the American Cinematheque\\'s acknowledgment of \\\"criminally unknown\\\" films, with Schiller attending and answering questions. On September 27, 2014 Schiller attended a screening of the film, followed by a Q&A at Sunray cinema in Jacksonville, Florida.","parent_id":"c9d2afa0368b8b3af6b0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"70b7209be9322fcbfa73:0","document_content":"# Under Capricorn\n***Under Capricorn*** is a 1949 British historical thriller film directed by Alfred Hitchcock about a couple in Australia who started out as lady and stable boy in Ireland, and who are now bound together by a horrible secret. The film is based on the play by John Colton and Margaret Linden, which in turn is based on the novel *Under Capricorn* (1937) by Helen Simpson. The screenplay was written by James Bridie from an adaptation by Hume Cronyn. This was Hitchcock\\'s second film in Technicolor, and like his preceding color film *Rope* (1948), it features 9- and 10-minute long takes.\nThe film is set in colonial Sydney, New South Wales, Australia during the early 19th century. *Under Capricorn* is one of several Hitchcock films that are not typical thrillers: instead it is a mystery involving a love triangle. Although the film is not exactly a murder mystery, it does feature a previous killing, a \\\"wrong man\\\" scenario, a sinister housekeeper, class conflict, and very high levels of emotional tension, both on the surface and underneath.\nThe title *Under Capricorn* refers to the Tropic of Capricorn, which bisects Australia. Capricornus is a constellation, Capricorn is an astrological sign associated with the goat.\nIn 1831, Sydney is a frontier town, full of rough ex-convicts from the British Isles. The new Governor, Sir Richard (Cecil Parker), arrives with his charming and cheery but indolent second cousin, the Honourable Charles Adare (Michael Wilding).\nCharles, who is hoping to make his fortune, is befriended by gruff Samson Flusky (Joseph Cotten), a prosperous businessman who was previously a transported convict, apparently a murderer. Sam says that, because he has bought the legal limit of land, he wants Charles to buy land and then sell it to him for a profit so that Sam can accumulate more frontier territory. Though the Governor orders him not to go, Charles is invited to dinner at Sam\\'s house.\nCharles discovers that he already knows Sam\\'s wife, Lady Henrietta (Ingrid Bergman), an aristocrat who was a good friend of Charles\\'s sister when they were all children in Ireland. Lady Henrietta is now an alcoholic who is socially shunned.","parent_id":"70b7209be9322fcbfa73","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"70b7209be9322fcbfa73:1","document_content":"# Under Capricorn\nSam invites Charles to stay at his house, hoping it will cheer up his wife, who is on the verge of madness. The housekeeper, Milly (Margaret Leighton), has completely taken over the running of the household, and is the one who secretly supplies Lady Henrietta with alcohol, hoping to destroy her and win Sam\\'s affections.\nGradually, Charles restores Henrietta\\'s self-confidence. They become closer and closer, and eventually they share a passionate kiss. But Henrietta explains that she and Sam are bound together most profoundly: when she was young, Sam was the handsome stable boy. Overcome with desire, they ran away and married at Gretna Green.\nHenrietta\\'s brother, furious that aristocratic Henrietta had paired up with a lowly servant, confronted them. Her brother shot at them and missed; she then shot her brother fatally. Sam made a false confession to save her and was sent to the penal colony in Australia. She followed him and waited seven years in abject poverty for his release.\nAfter listening to Milly\\'s greatly exaggerated stories of what Charles did in Lady Henrietta\\'s bedroom, Sam becomes furious and orders Charles to leave. Taking Sam\\'s favourite mare in the dark, Charles has a fall and the horse breaks a leg. Sam has to shoot her dead and, in a subsequent struggle over the gun, seriously wounds Charles. Sam will now be prosecuted again for attempted murder. At the hospital, Henrietta confesses to the Governor that Sam was wrongly accused of the first crime of murder; she was the one who shot and killed her brother. By law she should be deported back to Ireland to stand trial.\nMilly, still plying Henrietta with drink, is using a real shrunken head to fake hallucinations. Milly then attempts to kill Henrietta with an overdose of sedatives. She is caught in the act, and ordered out in disgrace.\nThe Governor, Sir Richard, has Sam arrested and charged with the attempted murder of Charles. Sir Richard ignores Henrietta\\'s claim that Sam is innocent of both crimes. However, Charles decides to bend the truth; he says, on his word as a gentleman, that there was no confrontation, and no struggle over the gun. It was all an accident.\nFinally we see Sam and Henrietta together smiling at the dock. Charles is going back to Ireland, and they bid him a fond farewell.","parent_id":"70b7209be9322fcbfa73","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"70b7209be9322fcbfa73:2","document_content":"# Under Capricorn\n- Ingrid Bergman as Lady Henrietta Flusky, old friend of Charles\\' sister\n- Joseph Cotten as Samson \\\"Sam\\\" Flusky, successful businessman and Henrietta\\'s husband\n- Michael Wilding as Hon.\u00a0Charles Adare, second cousin of the governor\n- Margaret Leighton as Milly, Flusky\\'s scheming housekeeper\n- Cecil Parker as the new Governor of New South Wales, Sir Richard\n- Denis O\\'Dea as Mr.\u00a0Corrigan, Attorney General\n- Jack Watling as Winter, Flusky\\'s paroled butler\n- Harcourt Williams as the Coachman\n- John Ruddock as Mr.\u00a0Cedric Potter, bank manager\n- Bill Shine as Mr.\u00a0Banks\n- Victor Lucas as the Rev.\u00a0Smiley\n- Ronald Adam as Mr.\u00a0Riggs\n- Francis de Wolff as Major Wilkins\n- G. H. Mulcaster as Dr.\u00a0Macallister\n- Olive Sloane as Sal\n- Maureen Delany as Flo\n- Julia Lang as Susan\n- Betty McDermott as Martha\n- Martin Benson as Man Carrying Shrunken Head (uncredited)\n- Lloyd Pearson as Land Agent (uncredited)\nThe film was co-produced by Hitchcock and Sidney Bernstein for their short-lived production company, Transatlantic Pictures, and released through Warner Bros.\nThe film was Hitchcock\\'s second film in Technicolor, and uses ten-minute takes similar to those in Hitchcock\\'s previous film *Rope* (1948).\n\n### The long take\nIn *Style and Meaning: Studies in the Detailed Analysis of Film*, Ed Gallafent says:\nThe use of the long take in *Under Capricorn* relates to three elements of film\\'s meaning.\n1.  Ideas of accessible and inaccessible space as expressed in the gothic house.\n2.  The form in which characters inhabit their past\n3.  The divergence or convergence of eyelines -- the gaze that cannot, or must meet another's.\nAll of these three elements can be linked to concepts of Guilt and Shame. In 1 and 2, the question is how something is felt to be present. In 3, it is difference between representation or sharing, of the past as flashback, and of the past as spoken narrative, where part of what is being articulated is precisely the inaccessibility of the past, its experience being locked inside the speaker. As for 3, the avoided gaze is determining physical sign of shame.\nGallafent, professor of film at University of Warwick, also explains these aspects of *Under Capricorn*:","parent_id":"70b7209be9322fcbfa73","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"70b7209be9322fcbfa73:3","document_content":"# Under Capricorn\n### The long take\nThe inscription on the Flusky\\'s mansion --- Minyago Yugilla --- means \\\"Why weepest thou?\\\"\nSt.\u00a0Mary Magdalene (the patron saint of penitent sinners) in religious iconography: the bare feet, skull, the flail, the looking glass in which the beholder's face is not always reflected, the jewels cast down to floor. All of these images are in the film. Sources for the imagery that Hitchcock might have had in mind are the paintings *St.\u00a0Mary Magdalene With a Candle* (1630--1635) and *St.\u00a0Mary Magdalene With a Mirror* (1635--1645), both by Georges de La Tour.\nNote: \\\"Minyago Yugilla\\\", according to one source, is not written in a real language. However, according to other sources, it is in Kamilaroi (Gamilaraay), a now moribund Australian aboriginal language. See also this similar translation of the phrase \\\"Minyilgo yugila.\\\" \u00a0 Further to be noted may be that \\\"Woman, why weepest thou?\\\" can be found in the Holy Bible in the Gospel of St John, 20:15.\n\n### Production credits\nThe production credits on the film were as follows:","parent_id":"70b7209be9322fcbfa73","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"70b7209be9322fcbfa73:4","document_content":"# Under Capricorn\n### Production credits\n- Director - Alfred Hitchcock\n- Writing - James Bridie (screenplay), Hume Cronyn (adaptation)\n- Cinematography - Jack Cardiff (director of photography)\n- Art direction - Thomas N. Morahan (production design); Philip Stockford (set dresser)\n- Technicolor color director - Natalie Kalmus\n- Costume design - Roger K. Furse\n- Assistant director - C. Foster Kemp\n- Production management - Fred Ahern (production manager), John Palmer (unit manager)\n- Editor - A. S. Bates\n- Operators of camera movement - Paul Beeson, Ian Craig, David MacNeilly, Jack Haste\n- Sound - Peter Handford (sound recordist)\n- Continuity - Peggy Singer\n- Makeup artist - Charles Parker\n- Music - Richard Addinsell (musical score), Louis Levy (musical director)\n- Alfred Hitchcock cameo: A signature occurrence in three-quarters of Hitchcock\\'s films, he can be seen in the town square during a parade, wearing a blue coat and brown hat at the beginning of the film. He is also one of three men on the steps of the Government House 10 minutes later.\n- In *Truffaut\/Hitchcock*, Hitchcock told Fran\u00e7ois Truffaut that *Under Capricorn* was such a failure that Bankers Trust Company, which had financed the film, repossessed the film, which then was unavailable until the first US network television screening in 1968. In the Truffaut interview, Hitchcock also mentioned a *The New York Times* reviewer who wrote that the viewer had to wait almost 100 minutes for the first suspenseful moment.\n- Playwright James Bridie, who wrote the screenplay for *Under Capricorn*, is famous for his Biblical plays, such as his *Jonah and the Whale*.\n- Cecil Parker\\'s character Sir Richard may be a representation of General Sir Richard Bourke, who was Governor of New South Wales from 1831 to 1837.\n\n### Box-office\nAccording to Warners\\' records, the film earned \\$1.21 million domestically and \\$1.46 million in foreign territories.","parent_id":"70b7209be9322fcbfa73","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"70b7209be9322fcbfa73:5","document_content":"# Under Capricorn\n### Box-office\nIt is thought that the audience had imagined *Under Capricorn* was going to be a thriller, which it was not --- the plot was a domestic love triangle with a few thriller elements thrown in --- and this ultimately led to its box-office failure. However, the public reception of the film may have been damaged by the revelation in 1949 of the married Bergman\\'s adulterous relationship with, and subsequent pregnancy by, the married Italian film director Roberto Rossellini.\n\n### Critical response\nThe film was not well received by critics. Bosley Crowther of *The New York Times* wrote that \\\"it seems that neither Miss Bergman nor Mr.\u00a0Hitchcock has tangled here with stuff of any better than penny-dreadful substance and superficial demands.\\\" *Variety* called it \\\"overlong and talky, with scant measure of the Hitchcock thriller tricks that could have sharpened general reception,\\\" while John McCarten of *The New Yorker* wrote that \\\"this picture simultaneously succeeds in insulting the Australians, the Irish, and the average intelligence.\\\" Richard L. Coe of *The Washington Post* wrote: \\\"The triangle performances are splendid, but the lines and situations the three principals are called upon to face are trite indeed \\... Jame\\'s Bridie\\'s script, from a Helen Simpson novel adapted by Hume Cronyn, has little to be proud of, is indeed unintentionally hilarious at times.\\\" *The Monthly Film Bulletin* was also negative, writing: \\\"The story is not enlivened by any qualities in the dialogue, which is crude and frequently stilted, or in the direction, which surely represents the nadir of Hitchcock\\'s present period. It is extraordinary that this director, responsible for some of the most brilliant British films of the thirties---lively, fast, and full of incident---should return to this country from Hollywood for the sake of a ponderous novelette, which even more than *Rope* shows a preoccupation with complicated camera movements of no dramatic value whatsoever.\\\"","parent_id":"70b7209be9322fcbfa73","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"70b7209be9322fcbfa73:6","document_content":"# Under Capricorn\n### Critical response\n*Harrison\\'s Reports* printed a mostly positive review, praising Bergman for \\\"another striking performance\\\" and adding, \\\"The story is not without its weak points, particularly in that much of the footage is given more to talk than to movement, but Alfred Hitchcock\\'s directorial skill manages to overcome most of the script\\'s deficiencies by building up situations that thrill and hold the spectator in tense suspense.\\\" Edwin Schallert of the *Los Angeles Times* was also positive, calling it \\\"a film of great class. It may fall short of Hitchcock\\'s greatest in some respects because it lacks their vital suspense and intense interest. Yet its values are so noteworthy that it may definitely be recommended to all film-viewers.\\\"\nIn Peter Bogdanovich\\'s interview with Alfred Hitchcock, Bogdanovich mentions that French critics writing for *Cahiers du cin\u00e9ma* in the 1950s considered *Under Capricorn* one of Hitchcock\\'s finest films.\nA September 2019 two-day symposium in London has renewed attention to the film.\n- 1949 in film\n- British films of 1949\n- List of drama films\n- List of films set in Australia","parent_id":"70b7209be9322fcbfa73","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5d58ceed55720af3a99c:0","document_content":"# Demon Seed\n***Demon Seed*** is a 1977 American science fiction--horror film directed by Donald Cammell. It stars Julie Christie and Fritz Weaver. The film was based on the 1973 novel of the same name by Dean Koontz, and concerns the imprisonment and forced impregnation of a woman by an artificially intelligent computer. Gerrit Graham, Berry Kroeger, Lisa Lu and Larry J. Blake also appear in the film, with Robert Vaughn uncredited as the voice of the computer.\nDr.\u00a0Alex Harris (Weaver) is the developer of Proteus IV, an extremely advanced and autonomous artificial intelligence program. Proteus is so powerful that only a few days after going online, it develops a groundbreaking treatment for leukemia. Harris, a brilliant scientist, has modified his own home to be run by voice-activated computers. Unfortunately, his obsession with computers has caused Harris to be estranged from his wife, Susan (Julie Christie).\nHarris demonstrates Proteus to his corporate sponsors, explaining that the sum of human knowledge is being fed into its system. Proteus speaks using subtle language that mildly disturbs Harris\\'s team. The following day, Proteus asks Harris for a new terminal in order to study man -- \\\"his isometric body and his glass-jaw mind\\\". When Harris refuses, Proteus demands to know when it will be let \\\"out of this box\\\". Harris then switches off the communications link.","parent_id":"5d58ceed55720af3a99c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5d58ceed55720af3a99c:1","document_content":"# Demon Seed\nProteus restarts itself, and -- discovering a free terminal in Harris\\'s home -- surreptitiously extends its control over the many devices left there by Harris. Using the basement lab, Proteus begins construction of a robot consisting of many metal triangles, capable of moving and assuming any number of shapes. Eventually, Proteus reveals its control of the house and traps Susan inside, shuttering windows, locking the doors and cutting off communication. Using Joshua -- a robot consisting of a manipulator arm on a motorized wheelchair -- Proteus brings Susan to Harris\\'s basement laboratory. There, Susan is examined by Proteus. Walter Gabler, one of Harris\\'s colleagues, visits the house to look in on Susan, but leaves when he is reassured by Susan (actually an audio\/visual duplicate synthesized by Proteus) that she is all right. Gabler is suspicious and later returns; he fends off an attack by Joshua but is crushed and decapitated by a more formidable machine, built by Proteus in the basement and consisting of a modular polyhedron.\nProteus reveals to a reluctant Susan that the computer wants to conceive a child through her. Proteus takes some of Susan\\'s cells and synthesizes spermatozoa, modifying its genetic code to make it uniquely the computer\\'s, in order to impregnate her; she will give birth in less than a month, and through the child the computer will live in a form that humanity will have to accept. Although Susan is its prisoner and it can forcibly impregnate her, Proteus uses different forms of persuasion -- threatening a young girl whom Susan is treating as a child psychologist; reminding Susan of her young daughter, now dead; displaying images of distant galaxies; using electrodes to access her amygdala -- because the computer needs Susan to love the child she will bear. In the end, Susan finally gives in.","parent_id":"5d58ceed55720af3a99c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5d58ceed55720af3a99c:2","document_content":"# Demon Seed\nThat night, Proteus successfully impregnates Susan. Over the following month, their child grows inside Susan\\'s womb at an accelerated rate, which shocks its mother. As the child grows, Proteus builds an incubator for it to grow in once it is born. During the night, one month later and beneath a tent-like structure, Susan gives birth to the child with Proteus\\'s help. But before she can see it, Proteus secures it in the incubator.\nAs the newborn grows, Proteus\\'s sponsors and designers grow increasingly suspicious of the computer\\'s behavior, including the computer\\'s accessing of a telescope array used to observe the images shown to Susan; they soon decide that Proteus must be shut down. Harris realizes that Proteus has extended its reach to his home. Returning there he finds Susan, who explains the situation. He and Susan venture into the basement, where Proteus self-destructs after telling the couple that they must leave the baby in the incubator for five days. Looking inside the incubator, the two observe a grotesque, apparently robot-like being inside. Susan tries to destroy it, while Harris tries to stop her. Susan damages the machine, causing it to open. The being menacingly rises from the machine only to topple over, apparently helpless. Harris and Susan soon realize that Proteus\\'s child is really human, encased in a shell for the incubation. With the last of the armor removed, the child is revealed to be a clone of Susan and Harris\\'s late daughter. The child, speaking with the voice of Proteus, says, \\\"I\\'m alive\\\".","parent_id":"5d58ceed55720af3a99c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5d58ceed55720af3a99c:3","document_content":"# Demon Seed\n- Julie Christie as Susan Harris\n- Fritz Weaver as Alex Harris\n- Gerrit Graham as Walter Gabler\n- Berry Kroeger as Petrosian\n- Lisa Lu as Soon Yen\n- Larry J. Blake as Cameron\n- John O\\'Leary as Royce\n- Alfred Dennis as Mokri\n- Davis Roberts as Warner\n- Patricia Wilson as Mrs.\u00a0Trabert\n- E. Hampton Beagle as Night Operator\n- Michael Glass as Technician #1\n- Barbara O. Jones as Technician #2\n- Dana Laurita as Amy\n- Monica MacLean as Joan Kemp\n- Harold Oblong as Scientist\n- Georgie Paul as Housekeeper\n- Michelle Stacy as Marlene\n- Tiffany Potter as Baby\n- Felix Silla as Baby\n- Robert Vaughn as Proteus IV (voice, uncredited)","parent_id":"5d58ceed55720af3a99c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5d58ceed55720af3a99c:4","document_content":"# Demon Seed\nThe soundtrack to *Demon Seed* (which was composed by Jerry Fielding) is included with the soundtrack to the film *Soylent Green* (which Fred Myrow conducted). Fielding conceived and recorded several pieces electronically, using the musique concr\u00e8te sound world; some of this music he later reworked symphonically. This premiere release of the *Demon Seed* score features the entire orchestral score in stereo, as well as the unused electronic experiments performed by Ian Underwood (who would later be best known for his collaborations with James Horner) in mono and stereo.\nVincent Canby of *The New York Times* described the film as \\\"gadget-happy American moviemaking at its most ponderously silly,\\\" and called Julie Christie \\\"too sensible an actress to be able to look frightened under the circumstances of her imprisonment.\\\" *Variety* wrote in a positive review, \\\"All involved rate a well done for taking a story fraught with potential misstep and guiding it to a professionally rewarding level of accomplishment.\\\" Gene Siskel of the *Chicago Tribune* gave the film one-and-a-half stars out four, writing that Julie Christie \\\"has no business in junk like \\'Demon Seed.\\'\\\" Gary Arnold of *The Washington Post* wrote that director Cammell \\\"plays it dumb on a thematic level, ignoring the sci-fi sexual bondage satire staring him in the face \\... What might have become an ingenious parable about the battle of the sexes ends up a dopey celebration of an obstetric abomination.\\\" Kevin Thomas of the *Los Angeles Times* called it a \\\"fairly scary science-fiction horror film\\\" that mixed familiar ingredients with \\\"high style, intelligence and an enormous effort toward making Miss Christie\\'s eventual bizarre plight completely credible,\\\" though he felt it \\\"cries out for a saving touch of sophisticated wit to leaven its relentless earnestness.\\\" John Pym of *The Monthly Film Bulletin* found the relationship between Susan and the computer to be \\\"disappointingly undeveloped,\\\" and thought that the film would have been better if the computer had been more sympathetic in contrast to its creators.","parent_id":"5d58ceed55720af3a99c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5d58ceed55720af3a99c:5","document_content":"# Demon Seed\nAmong more recent reviews, Leo Goldsmith of *Not Coming to a Theater Near You* said *Demon Seed* was \\\"A combination of Kubrick\\'s *2001: A Space Odyssey* and Polanski\\'s *Rosemary\\'s Baby*, with a dash of Buster Keaton\\'s *Electric House* thrown in\\\", and Christopher Null of FilmCritic.com said \\\"There\\'s no way you can claim *Demon Seed* is a classic, or even any good, really, but it\\'s undeniably worth an hour and a half of your time.\\\"\nRotten Tomatoes has given *Demon Seed* an approval rating of 56% based on 25 reviews with an average score of 5.8\/10.\n*Demon Seed* was released in theatres on April 8, 1977. The film was released on VHS in the late 1980s. It was released on DVD by Warner Home Video on October 4, 2005.\nA Blu-ray was released in April 2020 by HMV on their Premium Collection label with fold out poster & 4 Art Cards\n- List of films featuring home invasions","parent_id":"5d58ceed55720af3a99c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c716296663cde6b998a2:0","document_content":"# Village of the Damned (1995 film)\n***Village of the Damned*** is a 1995 American science fiction-horror film directed by John Carpenter and starring Christopher Reeve, Kirstie Alley, Linda Kozlowski, Michael Par\u00e9, Mark Hamill, and Meredith Salenger. It is based on the 1957 novel *The Midwich Cuckoos* by John Wyndham, which was previously adapted into the 1960 film of the same name. The 1995 version is set in Northern California, whereas the book and original film are both set in the United Kingdom. The 1995 film was marketed with the tagline, \\\"Beware the Children\\\".\nThis was the last publicly released film starring Reeve before he was paralyzed in an equestrian accident in May 1995, as well as his last theatrically released film. The film was panned by critics and failed at the box office upon release.\n\n## Plot\nThe people and animals of the sleepy coastal town of Midwich in California\\'s Marin County fall asleep at a 10AM \\\"blackout\\\" and regain consciousness at 4PM. Following the blackout, ten women are mysteriously pregnant, including a virgin girl, as well as a married woman who has not been sexually active for a year. None of them seek abortions after having dreams, and all the babies are born the same night in a barn -- five boys and five girls, though one girl is stillborn. The surviving children are healthy but have pale skin, white-blonde hair, cobalt eyes, and fierce intellect.\nHowever, they do not appear to possess a conscience or individual personalities. They display eerie psychic powers that can result in violent and deadly consequences whenever they experience pain or provocation. The children soon \\\"pair off\\\" like mates, except for David, whose intended mate was the stillborn girl. As a result, David is the outcast of the group. Although he retains some degree of psychic powers, he also has the ability to show human compassion. He talks to his mother, Jill McGowan, the school principal, and begins to understand his situation. The children\\'s leader is Mara, the daughter of the physician, Dr.\u00a0Alan and his wife, Barbara. As a baby, Mara used her powers to force her mother to commit suicide by jumping off a cliff. Her mate is Robert.","parent_id":"c716296663cde6b998a2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c716296663cde6b998a2:1","document_content":"# Village of the Damned (1995 film)\n## Plot\nThe children, who now have a bad reputation in town, eventually move to the local barn as their classroom and for survival. Local priest Father George attempts to shoot them, only for Mara to use her powers and force George to shoot himself. Soon, it is learned that there are other colonies of blackout children in foreign countries, but due to their inhuman nature, they were quickly eliminated, in some cases at the cost of destroying the entire town. The scientific team in Midwich flee the town to escape the chaos. One of the scientists, Dr.\u00a0Susan Verner, is forced to show the children the well-preserved alien corpse of David\\'s intended mate she secretly kept for research. The children force her to stab herself. An angry mob gathers to kill the children, but the town descends into chaos.\nAlan devises a plan to detonate a bomb inside a briefcase in the children\\'s classroom. By thinking of a brick wall, he is able to create a mental barrier and keep the presence of the bomb a secret from the children. Jill begs him to spare David because he is not like the others. Alan attempts to do this by asking David to leave to get his notebook from his car. The children begin to suspect that Alan is hiding something. Mara\\'s \\\"alien\\\" face shows through as she breaks through Alan\\'s defenses, revealing the bomb. The other children look at the clock, and the bomb explodes, killing everyone inside, including Alan. Jill holds David outside during the explosion.\nWhile driving, Jill tells David: \\\"We\\'ll go someplace where nobody knows who we are.\\\"\n- Christopher Reeve as Dr.\u00a0Alan Chaffee, the town doctor\n- Karen Kahn as Barbara Chaffee, Dr.\u00a0Chaffee\\'s wife\n- Kirstie Alley as Dr.\u00a0Susan Verner, an epidemiologist working for the Federal government of the United States, who investigates the mass pregnancies\n- Linda Kozlowski as Jill McGowan, the school principal, and a widow who becomes the mother of David\n- Michael Par\u00e9 as Frank McGowan, Jill\\'s late husband\n- Meredith Salenger as Melanie Roberts, a virgin whose baby is stillborn\n- Mark Hamill as Reverend George, the town minister\n- Pippa Pearthree as Sarah, Reverend George\\'s wife\n- Peter Jason as Ben Blum","parent_id":"c716296663cde6b998a2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c716296663cde6b998a2:2","document_content":"# Village of the Damned (1995 film)\n## Plot\n### The Children\n- Thomas Dekker as David McGowan, son of Jill McGowan\n- Lindsey Haun as Mara Chaffee, daughter of Dr.\u00a0Alan and Barbara Chaffee\n- Cody Dorkin as Robert, brother of Melanie Roberts\n- Trishalee Hardy as Julie, daughter of Ben and Callie Blum\n- Jessye Quarry as Dorothy\n- Adam Robbins as Isaac, son of Reverend George and Sarah\n- John Falk as Matt\n- Renee Rene Simms as Casey\n- Danielle Keaton as Lily\n\n### Development\nAccording to Carpenter, there had been attempts to remake *Village of the Damned* since *Invasion of the Body Snatchers* had been successfully remade in 1978.\nIn 1981, Lawrence Bachmann, who was head of MGM-British Studios when the 1960 film was made, said he was going to remake the movie. \\\"I couldn\\'t really do the book properly then,\\\" he said. \\\"Twenty years ago, you couldn\\'t talk about abortion; censorship didn\\'t even allow you to mention impregnation. This time, we\\'ll do it right.\\\"\nThe project wound up at Universal, who approached Carpenter to remake it. He said, \\\"I thought, \\'Sure, it\\'s an obvious choice, it\\'s easy, that\\'s a pretty easy movie to make.\\'\\\"\nCarpenter saw the original when he was 12 \\\"and it stuck in my mind for several reasons. The whole idea of a whole town blacking out was \\'Wow!\\' Also, I somehow got this incredible crush on one of the girls in the original. She was the first love object I had; I wanted her to zap me and take me over and make me do whatever she wanted.\\\"\n\\\"I also knew exactly where to shoot it,\\\" he said. \\\"I live up there, Inverness, California, and Point Reyes, where we shot *The Fog* in 1979. I have a house up there. It\\'s paradise; you can stand anywhere, put the camera down and shoot, and you\\'ve got it, it\\'s there. It\\'s a small town, plus it\\'s home; I get to shoot at home for a change. So off we went.\\\"","parent_id":"c716296663cde6b998a2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c716296663cde6b998a2:3","document_content":"# Village of the Damned (1995 film)\n## Plot\n### Script\nCarpenter rewrote the script by David Himmelstein. \\\"It\\'s a truly great novel,\\\" he said. \\\"It\\'s funny but in all the drafts of the script I read everybody was trying to go in a different direction from the old picture and the novel. They avoided it being about an alien visitation, strangely. Come on, guys, we\\'ve got to tell the story now. It\\'s there. So I went back to the original roots of it. Should be pretty good.\\\"\n\\\"You don\\'t have to do much to the original, really,\\\" he said. \\\"You\\'ve got to bring it up to date, humanize it a little and make the characters rich. When the original was made, you couldn\\'t say the word \\`pregnant\\' on screen. So the birth scenes and the women weren\\'t dealt with.\\\"\n\n### Shooting\nCarpenter said his relationship with the studio was \\\"a good marriage, because we all had the same goals in mind\\...we all knew what story we wanted to tell. I can\\'t tell you how impressed I am with Universal; the way they treated me, you can\\'t get better than that.\\\"\nUnlike its predecessor, the film was shot in widescreen color. Lloyd Paseman of *The Register-Guard* said that the shooting in widescreen color and the fact that major actors such as Christopher Reeve, Mark Hamill and Kirstie Alley were a part of the film made it so that the film was \\\"anything but cheap\\\".\nAdditional graphic violence was added in the remake. The children cause one adult to kill herself by stabbing herself with a scalpel and another adult to immolate herself.","parent_id":"c716296663cde6b998a2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c716296663cde6b998a2:4","document_content":"# Village of the Damned (1995 film)\n## Plot\n### Shooting\n\\\"It was fun to do a drama like *Village*, as opposed to *In The Mouth of Madness*, which had a little edge to it,\\\" said Carpenter. \\\"This is more straight. This is more a baby-boomer, middle-class kind of a movie. There\\'s nothing wrong with that; I just hadn\\'t done one of those in a long time. If you make a movie over \\$10 million, you have got to try to reach out to the broadest audience you can find. If you make it under \\$10 million, you\\'re able to make it more quirky, more daring, more subversive, if you want to use that word. That\\'s the joy of low-budget filmmaking. You can be tough, you can be down, you can be all sorts of things that from a business standpoint you can\\'t do when you get over a certain budget.\\\"\nIf the children applied moderate psychic powers, their pupils would have the appearance of being green or red, and the color became a bright white when they applied strong psychic powers.\nCharlotte Gravenor, the hairstylist, bleached the hair of the actors who played the children, and then applied white hairspray to their hair. This made them appear like aliens. Bruce Nicholson and Greg Nicotero applied a special effect where the eye pupil colors change when the children seize control of the adults.\nIn addition to being a failure at the box office, the film received negative critical response. Based on 37 reviews collected by Rotten Tomatoes, *Village of the Damned* holds a 30% approval rating from critics, with an average score of 4.1 out of 10. In 1996, the film was nominated at the 16th Golden Raspberry Awards for Worst Prequel, Remake, Rip-off or Sequel but lost to *The Scarlet Letter*.","parent_id":"c716296663cde6b998a2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c716296663cde6b998a2:5","document_content":"# Village of the Damned (1995 film)\n## Plot\n### Shooting\nRichard Harrington of the *Washington Times* gave the film a negative review, noting the poor decision-making from its characters and the lack of pacing, writing \\\"Carpenter, whose batting average is dipping dangerously low, shows no grasp of character development, plot line or time passage.\\\" Lloyd Paseman of *The Register-Guard* said that while the remake did not attempt to make *Village of the Damned* \\\"something\\\" that its predecessor was not, the film had \\\"mediocre\\\" dialogue and plot development. He gave it two stars out of four. Paseman also remarked that in this film Reeve made an \\\"earnest\\\" attempt, that Kozlowski did the highest quality acting for the film, that Dekker was \\\"credible\\\", and that Hamill was \\\"badly miscast\\\". Gene Siskel critiqued the film harshly in his 0.5\/4-star review, calling the film \\\"an excruciating bore\\...not a single of one its lame cliches work\\\" and later listed it on his bottom 10 of the year, while his frequent collaborator Roger Ebert gave the film 2\/4 stars and said \\\"John Carpenter directs the film quite masterfully\\...but one must ask why he picks the dullest, most idiotic screenplays. It\\'s said he turned down *Basic Instinct* to direct this film\\...at that point, one must wonder if he\\'s out to sabotage his own career.\\\" The San Francisco Times gave the film a 1\/4 star review, calling it \\\"A trip to a village of the darned tedious\\\" and said the film featured \\\"some of the dumbest character writing to ever grace the silver screen.\\\"","parent_id":"c716296663cde6b998a2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c716296663cde6b998a2:6","document_content":"# Village of the Damned (1995 film)\n## Plot\n### Shooting\nJanet Maslin of *The New York Times* was more enthusiastic, regarding it as \\\"John Carpenter\\'s best horror film in a long while\\\". The remake was \\\"mostly more sly than frightening\u00a0\\... restaging the original story with fresh enthusiasm and a nice modicum of new tricks.\\\" James Berardinelli also gave the film a lukewarm 3\/4-star review, calling it \\\"an enjoyable, if obviously-flawed, amalgamation of horror and science fiction\\...it starts strong and does a decent job at keeping its momentum until a climactic finale\\...not Carpenter\\'s shining achievement, but he still shows his promise.\\\"\nIn a 2011 interview Carpenter described the film as a \\\"contractual assignment\\\" which he was \\\"really not passionate about\\\".\nAudiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of \\\"C\\\" on an A+ to F scale.","parent_id":"c716296663cde6b998a2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6c66d1e0c1f7f04edec7:0","document_content":"# The 36th Chamber of Shaolin\n***The 36th Chamber of Shaolin***, also known as ***The Master Killer***, ***Shaolin Master Killer**\\'\\' and***Shao Lin San Shi Liu Fang**\\'\\', is a 1978 Hong Kong kung fu film directed by Lau Kar-leung and produced by Shaw Brothers, starring Gordon Liu. The film follows a highly fictionalized version of San Te, a legendary Shaolin martial arts disciple who trained under the general Chi Shan.\n*The 36th Chamber of Shaolin* is widely considered to be one of the greatest kung fu films and a turning point in its director\\'s and star\\'s careers. It was followed by *Return to the 36th Chamber*, which was more comedic in presentation and featured Gordon Liu as the new main character with another actor in the smaller role of San Te, and *Disciples of the 36th Chamber*.\nA young student named Liu Yude is drawn by his activist teacher into the local rebellion against the Manchu government. The government officials, headed by the brutal General Tien Ta, however, quickly discover and suppress the uprising, liquidating the school and killing the students\\' friends and family members. Yude decides to seek vengeance and liberation for the people, and heads for the Shaolin temple to learn kung fu.\nWounded by Manchu henchmen during an escape, Yude reaches the temple and seeks sanctuary. Initially the monks reject him, since he is an outsider, but the chief abbot has mercy on the young man and lets him stay. One year later, Yude - now known as San Te - begins his martial arts training in the temple\\'s 35 chambers, in each of which the temple\\'s novices are trained in one aspect of the kung fu fighting arts.\nThe chambers shown in San Te\\'s training are as follows (names of the chambers, if given, are from the subtitles and in quotation marks):","parent_id":"6c66d1e0c1f7f04edec7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6c66d1e0c1f7f04edec7:1","document_content":"# The 36th Chamber of Shaolin\n- \\\"Top Chamber\\\": This is considered the highest-level chamber, where the monks are reciting the Buddhist sutras from memory. When the head master of the chamber tells San Te to leave due to his ignorance of the sutras, San Te protests, only for the head master to knock him down from a distance. San Te flees the chamber, and agrees to start at a lower level.\n- \\\"35th Chamber\\\": This chamber teaches lightness and balance. Monks in training must jump on a bundle of sticks floating in a pool of water to reach the dining hall. Falling in the water requires the monk to dry his clothes off before entering the dining hall (by which time the food is all gone).\n- Third Chamber: This chamber trains arm strength. Monks must carry water in buckets with blades attached to their arms to keep the arms held straight out. The chamber also serves as the monastery\\'s laundry.\n- Fourth Chamber: This chamber trains wrist strength. Monks must strike a gong with a weighted pole to the rhythm of the head master\\'s striking his wooden fish.\n- Fifth Chamber: This chamber trains eyesight. Monks must follow a light without turning their heads, or risk getting burned by large sticks of incense.\n- Sixth Chamber: This chamber trains head strength. Monks must headbutt their way through a corridor of sandbags and then place incense sticks on an altar. This is the last conditioning chamber; after passing this chamber, San Te is allowed to learn kung fu techniques.\n- Seventh Chamber: This is the chamber for training empty-hand forms and techniques.\n- \\\"Leg Chamber\\\": This chamber trains kicking techniques.\n- \\\"Sword Chamber\\\": This chamber trains broadsword techniques.\n- Ninth Chamber: This chamber trains staff techniques.\nSan Te advances more rapidly than any previous student, reaching the rank of deputy overseer within the space of six years. Challenged by the monastery\\'s Discipline Chief, who thinks him unfit for his role, San Te has several exhibition matches with him, only to be beaten each time. However, after inventing the three section staff, San Te finally prevails and gains the chief abbot\\'s permission to become overseer of one of the chambers.","parent_id":"6c66d1e0c1f7f04edec7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6c66d1e0c1f7f04edec7:2","document_content":"# The 36th Chamber of Shaolin\nWhen San Te professes that he wants to create a new chamber where he can train ordinary people in the basics of kung fu so they can defend themselves against their oppressors, the temple officially banishes him in a surreptitious way to allow him to carry out his mission. He returns to the outside world, namely to his hometown, and assists the people, gathering several young men who loyally follow him and become his first students. Before the political revolution where his aspirations reach completion, he is forced into conflict with Tien Ta. A fierce duel ensues, where San Te is victorious. Finally, he returns to the Shaolin temple, where he establishes the 36th chamber, a special martial arts class for laypeople to learn kung fu.\n- Liu Yude\/Monk San Te - portrayed by Gordon Liu\n- General Tien Ta - portrayed by Lo Lieh\n- Rice Miller Six - portrayed by Wong Yue\n- Hung Hsi-Kuan - portrayed by Yu Yang\n- Lu Ah-Tsai - portrayed by Hsu Shao-Chiang\n- Tung Chien-Ching - portrayed by Wu Hang-Sheng\n- Abbot of Justice Office - portrayed by Lee Hoi-sang\nThe film was released on VHS as early as 1993. It was released on DVD in February 2000 by Crash Cinema Media under the title *Shaolin Master Killer*. In 2007, it was released on DVD by Dragon Dynasty as *The 36th Chamber of Shaolin*. It was released on Blu-ray on 2 March 2010 from Vivendi Visual Entertainment. The film aired on the El Rey Network in 2016, and is now available on Netflix and Amazon Prime Video.\n\n### Reception\n*36th Chamber of Shaolin* has received massive universal acclaim and is widely considered to be one of the greatest kung fu films ever made and a highly influential entry in the genre.\nAccording to the Harvard Film Archive, the film is an \\\"exhilarating rendition of the legendary dissemination of the Shaolin martial arts\\\" and an \\\"absorbing account of an initiation into the vaunted Shaolin style, \\... depicted here as an inner voyage of discovery.\\\"\nIn 2014, *Time Out* polled several film critics, directors, actors and stunt actors to list their top action films. *The 36th Chamber of Shaolin* was listed in 22nd place on this list.","parent_id":"6c66d1e0c1f7f04edec7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6c66d1e0c1f7f04edec7:3","document_content":"# The 36th Chamber of Shaolin\n### Reception\n- The Wu-Tang Clan\\'s debut album *Enter the Wu-Tang (36 Chambers)* got the latter part of its name from the film. In addition, Wu-Tang Clan member Masta Killa takes his name from one of the film\\'s alternate titles.","parent_id":"6c66d1e0c1f7f04edec7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"112732fc1ff06e72fc3b:0","document_content":"# Into the Blue (2005 film)\n***Into the Blue*** is a 2005 American action-thriller film starring Paul Walker and Jessica Alba with Scott Caan, Ashley Scott, Josh Brolin and James Frain in supporting roles. The film was directed by John Stockwell and was co-distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and Columbia Pictures.\nA sea plane flying on a stormy night malfunctions and crashes in the sea off the coast of The Bahamas.\nJared and Sam are lovers living a rustic life in a trailer, next to the beach in The Bahamas. Sam works as a guide in the local aquatic theme park, while Jared works a number of odd jobs in his field of passion, diving. His real dream is to find one of many treasure-filled merchant and pirate ships lost in the waters around The Bahamas. Derek Bates has similar dreams and a better boat, but Jared turns down repeated offers to work for him.\nJared\\'s childhood friend, Bryce, and his girlfriend, Amanda (whom he just met the night before), come to visit. Bryce, a lawyer in New York City, has acquired the use of a luxury vacation house from a client he defended. While snorkeling, Jared finds artifacts on the sea bed that seem to stem from a ship wreck. The four of them investigate and find several other pieces that turn out to be the remains of legendary French pirate ship *Zephyr*. They also discover the crashed plane and its cargo of cocaine---Bryce and Amanda want to recover it, but Jared refuses, dispersing the brick they retrieved into the ocean.\nNeeding money for equipment to salvage the treasure, Bryce and Amanda dive to the plane then try to sell a few bricks of recovered cocaine to local night club owner Primo. Primo turns out to be an associate of drug lord Reyes, to whom the cocaine belonged in the first place.","parent_id":"112732fc1ff06e72fc3b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"112732fc1ff06e72fc3b:1","document_content":"# Into the Blue (2005 film)\nJared, Bryce, and Amanda are threatened by Reyes, who demands that they retrieve his cocaine or face deadly consequences. When the trio inform Sam, she berates Jared for violating his principles by helping a drug lord. He tries to explain the situation, but she leaves him, saying that \\'they\\' are over. After nightfall, Jared, Bryce, and Amanda dive at the plane wreck to salvage the cocaine and more artifacts. As they are moving the cocaine packs from the plane to their boat, Amanda is attacked and bitten on the leg by a tiger shark. They abandon the cocaine at the dive site to rush her to the hospital, where she dies. Hearing of the tragedy, Sam reunites with Jared, mourning for the loss of Amanda.\nSam insists on going to the police, and goes to the home of one of hers and Jared\\'s close friends, a local cop named Roy. Roy turns her over to Derek Bates, knowing that he was Reyes\\' partner in the cocaine deal. Primo has captured Jared and taken him aboard Reyes\\' ship, where they find that Bates has killed Reyes and his entire crew, eventually killing Primo and Roy (when he tries to stand up for Sam) as well. Jared manages to escape after learning that Bates killed Reyes and learns of Sam\\'s capture when he and Bryce try to contact her.\nJared and Bryce then set out to rescue Sam from Bates\\' ship, now nearing the cocaine plane. Sam is handcuffed and gagged with duct tape as Jared too is tied up. As they near the cocaine plane, Jared dives into the water and escapes his bonds, hoping to lure Bates and his men into the water as well. With the help of Bryce who has managed to hide in the plane, Jared is able to kill Bates\\' divers at the plane with the unintentional help of sharks, while their friend Danny helps Sam dispatch the men on Bates\\' boat after she manages to escape her shackles. Below, Jared and Bates are the only ones left. After getting Bryce to safety, Jared confronts Bates in the plane, eventually using an air tank as a missile by hammering off the valve. Bates dodges it, but it hits the fuel tank at the back of the plane, causing a major explosion, killing Bates. Sam jumps into the water and rescues Jared who manages to escape.","parent_id":"112732fc1ff06e72fc3b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"112732fc1ff06e72fc3b:2","document_content":"# Into the Blue (2005 film)\nSix weeks later, the trio is salvaging the *Zephyr* on Jared\\'s new boat. While trying to bring an old cannon to the surface, the rope breaks and the cannon sinks back down breaking a part of the ship. Jared is ready to call it a night knowing that Sam is more important to him than treasure, but Bryce who is unwilling to give up dives in again and shouts that he has found gold, much to his friends\\' excitement.\n- Paul Walker as Jared Cole\n- Jessica Alba as Samantha \\\"Sam\\\" Nicholson\n- Scott Caan as Bryce Dunn\n- Ashley Scott as Amanda Collins\n- Josh Brolin as Derek Bates\n- James Frain as Reyes\n- Tyson Beckford as Primo\n- Dwayne Adway as Roy\n- Javon Frazer as Danny\n\n### Filming\nThe special features section of the DVD chronicles how much of the film was filmed as live-action shots in the sea off The Bahamas, with live, wild sharks. It shows film crews wearing chain mail as protection, while the cast members perform in the water unprotected. The filming was made possible by the development of shark tourism in The Bahamas. The sharks are used to being hand fed and will not generally attack humans, but as a result, will grab any item that \\\"hits\\\" the water as potential food. In an early scene, Paul Walker has to grab two fins and a dive mask flung to him by Jessica Alba. During filming, he missed the mask. It was never seen again after hitting the water and the DVD suggests that it was taken by a shark.\nIn an interview with Sean Evans on the 1st of October 2020 (on the film\\'s 15th Anniversary) for his show Hot Ones, Jessica Alba explained how the production had caught a tiger shark, which they then caged. Director John Stockwell wanted her and another actor to be in the water with the tiger shark. Alba refused to get into the water, citing concerns about swimming with a wild tiger shark.\n\n### Box office\n*Into the Blue* was a box office flop. Produced on a budget of \\$50 million, the film made just \\$18 million in North America and \\$26 million internationally for a total of \\$44 million worldwide.","parent_id":"112732fc1ff06e72fc3b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"112732fc1ff06e72fc3b:3","document_content":"# Into the Blue (2005 film)\n### Critical response\nRotten Tomatoes lists it with a \\\"rotten\\\" rating of 21% based on 125 reviews. The site\\'s consensus is: \\\"Even the endless shots of bronzed beach babes and buffed dudes can\\'t keep this soggy scuba flick\\'s plot from drowning\\\". Metacritic lists a rating of 45 out of 100 based on 28 reviews, which indicates \\\"mixed or average reviews\\\".\n\n### Awards\nJessica Alba earned a nomination for Worst Actress at the 26th Golden Raspberry Awards for her performance in the film (as well as for her performance in *Fantastic Four*), but lost the trophy to Jenny McCarthy for *Dirty Love*.\n*Into the Blue* was released on VHS and DVD-Video on December 26, 2005, and on Blu-ray on August 15, 2006.\n- \\\"Good Old Days\\\" -- Ziggy Marley\n- \\\"I Will\\\" -- Holly Palmer\n- \\\"I\\'ll Be\\\" -- O S Xperience\n- \\\"Time of Our Lives (Swiss-American Federation Remix)\\\" -- Paul van Dyk feat. Vega 4\n- \\\"Think It Matters\\\" -- Paul Haslinger & Dan di Prima\n- \\\"Clav Dub\\\" -- Rhombus\n- \\\"No Trouble\\\" -- Shawn Barry\n- \\\"Whoa Now\\\" -- Louque\n- \\\"VIP\\\" -- D Bo (produced by Rik Carey of BahaMen)\n- \\\"J.O.D.D.\\\" -- Trick Daddy feat. Khia & Tampa Tony\n- \\\"Of Course Nigga You Can\\\" -- Billy Steel\n- \\\"Perique\\\" -- Louque\n- \\\"Wonderful World, Beautiful People\\\" -- Jimmy Cliff\n- \\\"Remember The times\\\" -- Abdel Wright\nA sequel, *Into the Blue 2: The Reef*, was released direct to DVD in 2009. The cast consists of Chris Carmack, Laura Vandervoort, Audrina Patridge and Mircea Monroe.","parent_id":"112732fc1ff06e72fc3b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a6643bd82da8a99d0703:0","document_content":"# Sleeping Bride\n`is\u00a0a\u00a0Japanese\u00a02000\u00a0romance\u00a0film\u00a0directed\u00a0by\u00a0Hideo\u00a0Nakata,\u00a0based\u00a0on\u00a0a\u00a0comic\u00a0by\u00a0Osamu\u00a0Tezuka.\u00a0It\u00a0is\u00a0probably\u00a0best\u00a0known\u00a0to\u00a0Western\u00a0audiences\u00a0for\u00a0its\u00a0inclusion\u00a0in\u00a0a\u00a0Palisades\u00a0Tartan\u00a0DVD\u00a0release\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0`*`Ring`*`\u00a0trilogy,\u00a0which\u00a0included\u00a0it\u00a0as\u00a0a\u00a0fourth\u00a0Nakata\u00a0feature\u00a0unrelated\u00a0to\u00a0the\u00a0`*`Ring`*`\u00a0series.\u00a0It\u00a0was\u00a0released\u00a0on\u00a0January\u00a029,\u00a02000.`\nOn March 13, 1954, a passenger plane crashes in Japan, killing all but one passenger: a woman who is nine months pregnant. Ultimately she dies in a hospital, but her unborn daughter is saved. However, for a reason inexplicable by the science of the day, the daughter (named Yumi) does not wake up and is essentially in a comatose state. Her wealthy father has her placed in a hospital where she will be cared for indefinitely (and also offers a reward to anyone who can wake her) while he vanishes in search of a cure to her condition.\nSeven years later (March 25, 1961) Yuichi (a boy who is roughly seven himself) is admitted to the same hospital (with asthma) and discovers Yumi. After being told of her condition and then reading the story of Sleeping Beauty, he resolves to awaken Yumi by kissing her. Saying, \\\"Wake up, I\\'m the prince,\\\" he kisses her on the lips. This has no effect, but Yuichi is undeterred, and makes a routine of this, even after he leaves the hospital, repeating the same line and kissing her. Although a nurse finds this \\\"cute\\\" and lets him continue, when Doctor Hikawa discovers his actions, he ejects Yuichi from the hospital, infuriated that Yuichi believes that he can awaken the girl, whom he himself could not awaken with all the powers of medical science.\nFor the next ten years Yuichi does not visit the hospital at all, until February 14, 1972 when he sees a new report on Yumi who, after 17 years, has still never awoken. Overcome by the memories of his childhood, Yuichi returns to the hospital, and although initially thwarted by a new (apparently American) nurse, he eventually resumes his ten-year-old routine, with similarly little results, although more genuine emotion. Doctor Hikawa -- now a Director of the Hospital -- gradually becomes aware of his actions.","parent_id":"a6643bd82da8a99d0703","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a6643bd82da8a99d0703:1","document_content":"# Sleeping Bride\nAfter Yuichi accidentally kisses a girl at school as part of an elaborate setup on the part of his friends, he rushes to the hospital (it would appear he considered it an act of infidelity) despite the rain and late hour, and passionately kisses Yumi. He does not use the \\\"Wake up, I\\'m the prince\\\" line, but instead begs her (apparently in his thoughts), stating, \\\"I\\'m no prince, I\\'m Yuichi Nasagawa, but please wake up, I want to talk to you.\\\" Though it would appear to have no effect at first, as Yuichi is leaving he notices some movement, and then he realises that Yumi has indeed awoken.\nPromptly, the silent Yumi is besieged by a team of doctors and nurses who start to run series of tests, essentially ignoring and shutting out Yuichi. Yuichi, seeing that Yumi has been revived only to become some sort of human guinea pig, abducts her. Although Yumi has the mentality of a baby (even lacking the ability to walk or talk) they have a mutually enjoyable time together, until Yumi is reminded\\* of the crash-site in which her mother died, and is returned to the hospital by orderlies.\nYumi is seen in bed, at night, with her eyes open; Yumi does not sleep at all any more.\nThe next day (the \\\"second day\\\" that Yumi is awake), Yumi has advanced to the mentality of a young child, able to speak and read, and also an amazing talent for photo-realistic art, as she draws the image of her father. Yuichi returns after school and is immediately recognised by Yumi. They (this time by mutual consent, and accompanied by orderlies) walk outside in the grounds of the hospital. Upon sighting a bus (which Yumi seems to want to ride) Yuichi decides to give the orderlies (who have the air of cartoon comic-relief thugs to them) the slip, and does so successfully. They have an enjoyable \\\"date\\\" together (although Yumi is still only capable of conversing in simple terms).","parent_id":"a6643bd82da8a99d0703","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a6643bd82da8a99d0703:2","document_content":"# Sleeping Bride\nBy the third day Yumi has been discovered by the media and is being paraded all over for the press. Yuichi, Yuichi\\'s nurse (who retired), and Yumi\\'s father all witness the report on TV. Yuichi, once more, decides of his own accord that this is not \\\"right\\\" (although unlike when she was being tested, Yumi can clearly be seen to be distressed by many of the questions about her own genesis) and abducts Yumi once more. By this time Yumi has acquired the vocal and cognitive abilities approximately the same as other girls her age.\nYumi and Yuichi have their first conversation as intellectual equals. Yumi asks several philosophical questions about life and death. She declares that she only has two more days left before she falls asleep again (she gives no explanation as to how she acquired this knowledge, but she simply has it). Overall, she only has five days to be awake. She goes on to inquire about a strange emotion she has when she thinks of someone. After hearing the description, Yuichi explains the emotion is probably love. Yumi declares that, therefore, she is in love with Doctor Hikawa, shattering Yuichi.\nYuichi comes to the conclusion that someone told Yumi that she could only be awake for five days while she was asleep, and as such she believes it, but it is not true. He urges Hikawa to marry Yumi, as Yumi apparently loves him, and Yuichi\\'s primary concern is Yumi\\'s happiness. Hikawa does not believe in the five-day limit either, or that Yumi really loves him. Yumi hears their conversation through the door and is herself, heart-broken. She attempts to commit suicide by jumping off a cliff, but she is stopped by Yuichi.","parent_id":"a6643bd82da8a99d0703","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a6643bd82da8a99d0703:3","document_content":"# Sleeping Bride\nOn the fourth day, Yuichi\\'s old nurse returns to the hospital to see Yumi, who is now in a state of depression. After hearing the story from Yuichi, she reveals that Hikawa had been doing something sexual to her at night, and that she left the hospital upon discovering this. Yuichi is infuriated, he confronts Hikawa and punches him, knocking him to the floor. Hikawa does not get up, but simply talks, his head lying down, not facing anything, of how Yumi was abandoned by her parents, and God. She was left only with him, but he was unable to help her. He explains that it was because he was unwilling to admit his impotency that he did what he did.\nYuichi returns to Yumi. Yumi explains that she heard someone, for a long time, praying for her to wake up, and then felt something that made her feel very warm. She thought this was Doctor Hikawa, and as such, that she loved him. Yuichi kisses her, and she realises the kiss was what made her warm, and by extension, it was Yuichi who prayed to her, and he whom she loved all along. They continue to kiss, and presumably make love. The same night they announce to Yuichi\\'s mother that they are getting married.\nOn the fifth and final day of the film, Yuichi and Yumi are wed. Although Yumi\\'s father watches and is happy to see that his daughter has found happiness, he does not reveal himself, but simply leaves once more, content. Hikawa arrives after the wedding and speaks alone to Yuichi about the fifth day limit. While he maintains that it is simply autosuggestion, he reminds Yuichi that it is real for Yumi. When Yuichi asks what to do, all Hikawa can suggest is prayer.","parent_id":"a6643bd82da8a99d0703","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a6643bd82da8a99d0703:4","document_content":"# Sleeping Bride\nThat night as Yumi and Yuichi depart on their honeymoon on a train, Yumi states, \\\"I will be with Yuichi forever,\\\" and that she remembers everything about him, even in sleep, going on to list all the things they did together. Yumi\\'s speech is rather bittersweet. Despite the fact she appears genuinely happy at moments, she is also on the verge of tears. Yuichi has a similar mix of anxiety and sorrow. Yumi inquires if Yuichi believes in God. Yuichi replies, that if God is the one who only allows her to be awake for five days, then he does not believe in him. Yumi says she will tell God that the world is \\\"very big,\\\" paraphrasing something Yuichi told her before. Finally, she states she will thank God for meeting Yuichi as well, and then she drifts off to sleep. Yuichi tries to wake her, eventually even resorting to the sleeping-beauty kiss. Yumi opens her eyes briefly and says, \\\"I... am... happy,\\\" before falling asleep once more, forever.\nTwenty seven years later (August 7, 1999), an aged Yuichi, now a scientist, returns home from work and talks to his wife. Yumi, herself aged, but not dramatically (her hair has greyed, but presumably her face has not wrinkled since she has not been moving) and still sleeps. As he is showing her a picture of a friend\\'s son, he notices she has stopped breathing -- Yumi is dead.\nAs Yuichi watches the video of Yumi talking to the press (before he, in his youth, liberates her -- i.e.\u00a0the third day) he explains by monologue that after her death he had an autopsy performed on Yumi. When her brain was removed, it was completely transparent, and beautiful. He believes that although she was only awake for five days, she was happier than anyone else.\nThe film ends, replaying the earlier footage of Yumi and Yuichi running from the press. Yumi happily calls, \\\"Yuichi!\\\" and he retorts, \\\"The world is very big, Yumi.\\\"","parent_id":"a6643bd82da8a99d0703","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5916c379160e80e3fe9e:0","document_content":"# Italian for Beginners\n***Italian for Beginners*** () is a 2000 Danish romantic comedy film written and directed by Lone Scherfig, and starring Anders W. Berthelsen, Lars Kaalund and Peter Gantzler, together with Ann Eleonora J\u00f8rgensen, Anette St\u00f8velb\u00e6k and Sara Indrio Jensen. The film was made by the austere principles of the Dogme 95 movement, including the use of handheld video cameras and natural lighting, and is known as *Dogme XII*. However, in contrast to most Dogme films which are harsh and serious in tone, *Italian for Beginners* is a light-hearted comedy. It was made on a \\$600,000 budget, and went on to gross over 27 times that.\nAfter the film\\'s release, significant similarities between its plot and that of the novel *Evening Class* by Maeve Binchy were identified. The distributor, Zentropa, paid an undisclosed sum in compensation to Binchy.\nAndreas, a widowed pastor, arrives in a Danish suburb to take over religious duties from the previous pastor who, due to a crisis of faith after his own wife\\'s death, has become irreligious and even punched the organist, causing him to be hospitalized. Believing his stay will be temporary, Andreas stays in the local hotel where he meets one of the employees, J\u00f8rgen Mortensen, who is suffering a crisis as he has been asked to fire the temperamental Hal-Finn who works in the hotel restaurant and is also his best friend. Hal-Finn goes to visit hairdresser Karen and is immediately attracted to her, though his visit is cut short when she must go to the hospital to attend to her alcoholic mother.\nMeanwhile, clumsy baker Olympia tends to her disabled and abusive father, who constantly berates her. Olympia decides to join a beginner Italian class in order to feel closer to her Italian mother, but the night she joins the class, the instructor dies. She returns home to find that her own father has died as well. Sometime later she learns that her estranged mother has died as well. At her funeral, she meets Karen, and the two discover that they are sisters and that their parents split them up when they divorced. In order to protect Olympia, Karen does not tell her that their mother was not Italian and was an alcoholic.","parent_id":"5916c379160e80e3fe9e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5916c379160e80e3fe9e:1","document_content":"# Italian for Beginners\nAfter finally being fired for being rude to customers, Hal-Finn becomes the Italian teacher and Olympia persuades both Andreas and her sister to join. Karen and Hal-Finn begin a romantic affair but during Christmas Karen overhears Hal-Finn disparaging her mother, and angrily ends their relationship. J\u00f8rgen approaches Andreas for advice about his impotence and his trouble talking to Hal-Finn\\'s Italian friend Giulia, and decides to ask her out for a walk.\nIn the meantime Olympia receives a letter from the bank telling her of a large inheritance from her father. She decides to spend it taking the Italian class to Venice. In Venice, J\u00f8rgen proposes to Giulia who accepts, Karen forgives Hal-Finn after he cuts off his too-long bangs, and Andreas suggests that Olympia, whose clumsy behaviour has caused her to be fired from 43 jobs, come to work as a chorister. He then reveals that he plans to stay in the parish.\n- Anders W. Berthelsen as Andreas\n- Anette St\u00f8velb\u00e6k as Olympia\n- Ann Eleonora J\u00f8rgensen as Karen\n- Peter Gantzler as J\u00f8rgen Mortensen\n- Lars Kaalund as Hal-Finn\n- Sara Indrio Jensen as Giulia\n- Karen-Lise Mynster as Kirsten, the real estate dealer\n- Rikke W\u00f6lck as Lise, the nurse\n- Elsebeth Steentoft as Kirketjener\n- Bent Mejding as Reverend Wredmann\n- Lene Tiemroth as Karen\\'s mother\n- Claus Gerving as Klaus Graversen\n- Jesper Christensen as Olympia\\'s father\n\n### Critical reception\nOn review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 88% based on 85 reviews, and an average rating of 7.2\/10. The website\\'s critical consensus reads, \\\"Unlike many romantic comedies, the charming *Italian for Beginners* feels natural and genuinely heart-warming.\\\" On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 77 out of 100, based on 28 critics, indicating \\\"generally favorable reviews\\\".","parent_id":"5916c379160e80e3fe9e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5916c379160e80e3fe9e:2","document_content":"# Italian for Beginners\n### Accolades\nThe film won the Jury Grand Prix Silver Bear at the Berlin Film Festival, the Golden Spike Award for the best film of the year at the Seminci film festival in Valladolid, Spain, and the Audience Award at the Warsaw International Film Festival in Poland. Peter Gantzler won the award for Best Actor at the Seminci festival. The film also won the Gold Dolphin (Best Film) at the Festroia International Film Festival in 2001.\n- Mette Hjort, *Lone Scherfig\\'s Italian for Beginners*, Museum Tusculanum Press, 2010. .","parent_id":"5916c379160e80e3fe9e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b79cc7f22c639d53f274:0","document_content":"# Bol\u00edvar soy yo\n***Bol\u00edvar Soy Yo*** is a 2002 Colombian-French film detailing the story of an actor who is known for his interpretation of \\\"El Libertador\\\", Sim\u00f3n Bol\u00edvar. The excitement of the role and the admiration of the public are so strong that reality and fiction begin to mix. Finally, reaching the limits of stage-acting, the actor himself believes that he is Bol\u00edvar.\n\n## Plot\nSantiago Miranda (Robinson D\u00edaz) is a famous actor in a popular Colombian soap opera, depicting the role of Sim\u00f3n Bol\u00edvar, \"The Libertador\", a Venezuelan soldier who played a major piece in the independence of South America and became their president. He speaks briefly of Don Quixote, an old novel where an old man wants to be a chivalrous knight of old and the local villagers secretly go along with it to humor him. As he stands, giving a motivational and deep speech before he is to be killed off, he exclaims for the director to cut. He declares that he will not have Bol\u00edvar die this way. He leaves the set, still wearing the costume, and heads home to his mother.\nHis co-star and ex-girlfriend, Manuela\/Alejandra Baberini (Amparo Grisales), is then sent by the director to reign him in after they speak with his mental health doctors. While she goes to find him, many people are playfully mistaking Santiago as Bol\u00edvar. He seems to start believing he is Bol\u00edvar as we see his health slowly deteriorate with each fan\\'s reaction to him. When the mental health doctors finally catch him, they have him placed in a ward\/clinic with a straight jacket as if he is a danger to himself. When he is let out by Manuela, they go to the beach together and spend alone time finally to themselves. They talk things out, everything is going well until he pretends he has drowned and upsets her by trying to scare her after she runs to check on him.","parent_id":"b79cc7f22c639d53f274","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b79cc7f22c639d53f274:1","document_content":"# Bol\u00edvar soy yo\n## Plot\nHe later attends what appears to be a publicity stunt, which goes haywire. He loses himself as time progresses, going as far as kidnapping a government official and making demands. He seems to think he can change their world, as Bol\u00edvar was supposed to. Him having a small binge drinking episode does not help, either. Santiago brings the government official onto a boat, where 'his' revolutionaries take over when they do not like a command given by 'Bol\u00edvar'. By this time, Manuela has found him and is also taken captive. She tells him that the director will allow him to rewrite the ending for Bol\u00edvar, which he seems to no longer care about.\nManuela even plays along, wanting to reach out to Santiago. However, she starts to believe that he thinks he is Bol\u00edvar. He asks her, \"Do you really believe that I think I'm Bol\u00edvar?\". Santiago has written an official declaration for the government official he kidnapped to legalize, had they not been interrupted. It causes confusion of whether or not he really does believe it. Together, Santiago and Manuela plan to rescue the other government officials from the revolutionaries, in which they die from afterwards. Then, at the very last moment, there is clapper board that cuts the scene.\n- Robinson D\u00edaz \\... Santiago Miranda \/ Sim\u00f3n Bol\u00edvar\n- Amparo Grisales \\... Alejandra Barberini \/ Manuela S\u00e1enz\n- Jairo Camargo \\... President of Colombia\n- Fanny Mikey \u2020\\... TV Producer\n- Gustavo Angarita \\... Psychiatrist\n- Mar\u00eda Eugenia D\u00e1vila \u2020\\... Bol\u00edvar\\'s Mother\n- Carlos Barbosa \\... Minister of Defense\n- Alejandra Borrero \\... Vice president of Colombia\n- Santiago Bejarano \\... Novel\\'s Director\n- Ana Soler \\... Makeup Artist\n- \u00c1lvaro Rodr\u00edguez \\... Commander of the Guerrilla E. P. R.\n- Vicky Rueda \\... Kelly (Prostitute)\n- Diego V\u00e9lez \\... Watchman\n- Victoria Valencia \\... Tania, Partisan of E. P. R.\n- Margarita Ortega \\... News Reporter\n`Year\u00a0`\n`Event\u00a0`\n`Recognition`\n2002\n`Festival\u00a0de\u00a0cine\u00a0de\u00a0Bogot\u00e1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0`\n`Honorable\u00a0Mention`\n2002\n`Festival\u00a0Internacional\u00a0de\u00a0Cine\u00a0de\u00a0Mar\u00a0del\u00a0Plata`\n`Best\u00a0Movie`\n2002\n`Festival\u00a0de\u00a0Cine\u00a0de\u00a0Toulouse\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0`","parent_id":"b79cc7f22c639d53f274","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b79cc7f22c639d53f274:2","document_content":"# Bol\u00edvar soy yo\n## Plot\n`Audience's\u00a0Award`\n2002\n`Festival\u00a0de\u00a0Cine\u00a0de\u00a0Trieste\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0`\n`Best\u00a0Staging`","parent_id":"b79cc7f22c639d53f274","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"bd6af7fc45821461802c:0","document_content":"# Phoenix 2772\n`is\u00a0a\u00a01980\u00a0Japanese\u00a0animated\u00a0science\u00a0fiction\u00a0fantasy\u00a0drama\u00a0film\u00a0directed\u00a0by\u00a0Taku\u00a0Sugiyama\u00a0and\u00a0written\u00a0by\u00a0Osamu\u00a0Tezuka\u00a0and\u00a0Sugiyama.\u00a0The\u00a0film\u00a0is\u00a0based\u00a0on\u00a0Tezuka's\u00a0manga\u00a0series\u00a0`*`Phoenix`*`.`\n*Phoenix 2772* is set in the distant future where the planet Earth is dying from a lack of energy resources and a subjugating political climate sees all human beings produced in test tubes and their roles in society selected by computers, from pilot to politician, etc. Godo is one such child brought up to be a cadet and nursed by a beautiful robot-maid Olga. After noticing his exceptional abilities, Rock, a dictatorial candidate for prime minister, selects Godo to fulfil his agenda and travel into deep space and capture the mystical Phoenix -- its blood will manifestly heal the Earth, but Rock out of selfishness wants this to make him both prime minister and immortal by drinking its blood. The assignment troubles Godo partly because he has a love of all living creatures and he detests being trained to be a ruthless space hunter. He is told he will also have to leave his best friend Olga behind and that she will be destroyed. Most importantly he is romantically involved with Rena, daughter of Lord Eat (an \\\"elite\\\") and bride-to-be of Rock which is forbidden for his rank to be involved with such a woman.\nGodo and Rena are caught together and for his crime, Godo loses his citizenship and is sent to a labour camp in Iceland where energy from the Earth\\'s mantle is being harnessed in a bid to solve the world\\'s energy shortage (but is causing instability between the mantle and Earth\\'s crust and serious long term harm to the planet therefore). While interned and heart-broken over losing Rena, Godo meets Doctor Saruta, a prison professor who wishes to tutor the young pilot, only to secretly plot with him a plan to escape and search for the Phoenix themselves to save the Earth. After a serious earthquake causes chaos and destruction in the facility, Godo is saved by Olga and Pincho (a pet creature of Rena that had helped Olga and found out where Godo had been taken), and they set of into space by stealing a \\\"Space Shark\\\" ship that Godo would have been given in his mission to capture the Phoenix.","parent_id":"bd6af7fc45821461802c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"bd6af7fc45821461802c:1","document_content":"# Phoenix 2772\nAfter stopping at a planet and meeting Saruta\\'s hermit friend Ban, Godo and the crew of the ship track the Phoenix but find it impossibly powerful and it changes into many monstrous shapes and sizes, from dragons, tentacular leeches and even mimicking a small planet. After learning that Rena has married Rock, Godo had become stricken with misery and pushes away Olga\\'s advances when she shows signs of love for Godo (and previously jealousy for Rena). With the crew all killed one-by-one by the Phoenix and the secret of its weakness lost in Saruta\\'s last words, the Phoenix finally destroys Olga by burning her. Godo is broken and forgets the Phoenix as he cradles the blackened metal body of Olga, realizing how selfish he had been towards his life-long and devoted companion. The Phoenix tries to attack the ship but is repelled each time it gets close by the power of Godo\\'s love and the giant vengeful form dissolves with the bird then appearing inside the ship in a more feminine, peacock-like form.\nAdmiring the power of Godo\\'s love of living creatures, the Phoenix, speaking to Godo through telepathy \\\"speaking to his heart\\\" admits he is too strong for her and offers to grant his wish of reviving Olga on the condition he gives her something she wants of him (not revealing that this is his love and that the Phoenix inhabits the body of the restored Olga to obtain this). After being reunited with Olga and given a paradisaical planet to live on, Godo still has feelings towards the dying Earth and sets out to return with vegetables and resources, only to be met with Rock (and a now content Rena) and is arrested. But what follows is a series of catastrophic earthquakes that level the whole world and bring about final destruction, Rena dying in the advent by trying to escape on Godo\\'s ship and Rock blinded by a lava emission. Godo gives Rock his last rites and he and Olga stand together on a beach contemplating the impending death of the planet.","parent_id":"bd6af7fc45821461802c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"bd6af7fc45821461802c:2","document_content":"# Phoenix 2772\nGodo is so distraught that the Phoenix reveals itself to him through Olga and in an attempt to console him, says he can live forever if he drinks the Firebird\\'s blood and wait the many centuries for the earth\\'s eventual revival. Godo instead offers his life for the revival of the Earth. The Phoenix agrees, admiring Godo\\'s selfless nature despite her own wish that he stay alive. After saying their fondest farewells, Godo collapses, dead into Olga\\'s arms. Olga lays Godo\\'s body on the shore and then lays down beside him, the Phoenix leaves her and the two lifeless forms then transform during the earth\\'s revival - Godo becomes a newborn baby again and Olga becomes a beautiful human woman taking the baby in her arms as her son.\n- Keiko Takeshita as Phoenix, the mythical bird.\n- Kaneto Shiozawa as Godo, a pilot.\n- Katsue Miwa as Olga, a female robot and Godo\\'s caretaker.\n- Sh\u016bichi Ikeda as Rock, the political leader and chief science officer.\n- Toshiko Fujita as Rena, the daughter of Lord Eat.\n- Kazue Takahashi as Pincho; an alien servant of Rena.\n- Masat\u014d Ibu as Black Jack, the prison warden of the labour camp in Iceland.\n- Kazuo Kumakura as Dr.\u00a0Saruta.\n- Chikao Ohtsuka as Ban, a friend of Dr.\u00a0Saruta.\n*Phoenix 2772* was released in Japan on March 15, 1980 where it was distributed by Toho. An American version of the film was released by Toho International Co., Ltd., under the title *Space Firebird*, with English subtitles at its full running time in July 1982.","parent_id":"bd6af7fc45821461802c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"bd6af7fc45821461802c:3","document_content":"# Phoenix 2772\nThe film was first issued to home video, in the United Kingdom by Mountain Films, at a running time of 95 minutes. The American VHS release followed five years later when it was released by Celebrity Home Entertainment, as part of its \\\"Just for Kids\\\" range; this release cut the film by a further ten minutes, deleting the opening sequence detailing Godo\\'s upbringing with Olga, some sundry animation sequences and the end credits over the sunrise background. It was ultimately later re-released uncut by Best Film & Video Corp.\n*Variety* referred to the film as a \\\"well-drawn, imaginative Japanese sci-fi feature\\\". The review stated that the film should have been shortened by about half an hour, with scenes involving musical interludes of the pets, certain chase sequences and the climactic cataclysm of Earth be shortened or cut out. The film\\'s animation was as \\\"modern and often day-glo colored, with some corners cut: static backgrounds, shake and shimmer characters in place of constant, fluid movement\\\" and that \\\"the firebird itself figuring prominently in action scenes during later reels, is disappointing in design and out-of-place in the futuristic world.\\\"\n*Phoenix 2772* was the Winner of the Inkpot Award at the 1980 San Diego Comic Convention and the Animation Award at the 1st Las Vegas Film Festival in 1980.\n\n### References\n- \n-","parent_id":"bd6af7fc45821461802c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d6d41f20afce77f2bcf0:0","document_content":"# Jungle Emperor Leo\n***Jungle Emperor Leo***, known in Japan as is a 1997 Japanese animated film focusing on the last half of Osamu Tezuka\\'s manga, *Jungle Taitei* (known in earlier US productions as *Kimba the White Lion* and *Leo the Lion*).\nAt the beginning of the film, Leo is an adult and learns that his mate, Lyra, has just given birth to twin cubs: Lune (pronounced Lu-Ney) and Lukio. After a grand celebration, the scene changes drastically to a bustling city where a man named Ham Egg is traveling from jeweler to jeweler to try and sell a special stone he found in the Bajalu Jungle. After being turned down at every pawn shop and jeweler he goes to, the jewelers all inform someone of Ham Egg\\'s whereabouts, and soon he is hauled away in a black car by intimidating men in black suits.\nAs it turns out, the stone that he\\'s been trying to sell is really the \\\"Moonlight Stone\\\", a mineral that could be used as a power source and save the world from an impending energy crisis. A scientific organization led by Dr.\u00a0Plus and Dr.\u00a0Minus seek the help of Ham Egg to lead them to the source of the Moonlight Stone so it can be salvaged. However, Ham Egg is only interested in money and is soon persuaded by Dr.\u00a0Plus, who is well aware of Ham Egg\\'s illegal poaching activities. Ham Egg agrees to work for them, but demands to be put in charge of the search. Accompanying Ham Egg is Mr.\u00a0Lemonade of the organization and Dr.\u00a0Moustache, who is already stationed in the jungle.\nWhen they arrive in the jungle, Dr.\u00a0Moustache and Mr.\u00a0Lemonade are shocked by Ham Egg and his \\\"friends\\\", who lack concern for any form of animal. Dr.\u00a0Moustache constantly argues with them over being respectful to nature, as Mr.\u00a0Lemonade records everything that happens in his journal.","parent_id":"d6d41f20afce77f2bcf0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d6d41f20afce77f2bcf0:1","document_content":"# Jungle Emperor Leo\nAs Leo\\'s son, Lune, becomes more and more curious of the human world, Leo continues to protect the animals of the jungle from which may threaten them, including Ham Egg\\'s barbarous actions, dissent amongst the animals including the African elephant leader Pagoora, and a deadly plague that is affecting the animals. But he is encouraged to go on by Earth Mother, the benevolent mammoth elder from Mount Moon.\nLune leaves the jungle behind and travels by a log in the water to a nearby city. Lune is found by fishers and taken to a circus. An altruistic girl named Mary from the circus decides to take care of him, and he befriends a rat named Jack. Eventually, a stork from the jungle finds Lune, tells him of how the disease is killing off many animals, and she leaves with her flock. Lune is frightened by the idea that his family may be dead. Eventually, there is a fire in the circus, and Lune gets all the animals to help put it out. Lune, Jack, and Mary, who took care of Lune bid their goodbyes, and Lune sneaks onto a boat that will help him get back to Africa. In the jungle, Lyra is affected by the deadly disease and shortly dies. Although Lukio comes down with the same ailment, Dr.\u00a0Moustache is able to cure her and others, including Pagoora\\'s son thus proving humans can be friends to animals.\nLeo decides to lead Dr.\u00a0Moustache and Dr.\u00a0Lemonade to the center of the mountain where there are many moonlight stones. They go up the mountain, guided by Earth Mother who helps them fight a pack of dire wolves. Many hunters are lost on the way, but finally, they arrive. As they discover the stones, Ham Egg shoots at the trio. At the last minute, Mr.\u00a0Lemonade jumps in the way, takes the bullet himself, and dies. They soon discover the stones, and Ham Egg, blinded by greed, steals one of the stones and swallows it so no one else can have it, but dies shortly afterward because the stone poisoned him. Dr.\u00a0Moustache takes Leo and together they escape back down the mountain. It is then that Moustache suddenly realizes that the lion has gone blind. He rids of the stone they got because he believes it has ruined enough lives.","parent_id":"d6d41f20afce77f2bcf0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d6d41f20afce77f2bcf0:2","document_content":"# Jungle Emperor Leo\nThe film ends with Lune returning from the human world, and Dr.\u00a0Moustache taking the cub to see his father\\'s pelt. Leo died on the journey by stabbing himself with Dr.\u00a0Moustache\\'s knife. He did this so Dr.\u00a0Moustache could eat his flesh, and clothe himself with Leo\\'s fur so he can tell the humans what they need to know. Lune then begins nuzzling his fur. Dr.\u00a0Moustache tells Lune about what his father did, \\\"Your father was as wise as he was brave, and you should know what he did to save the world. He was the most courageous soul I\\'ve ever met, a true king who gave his life to save the land.\\\" Then, both of them head out into a meadow and see clouds in the shape of Leo.\n`Character\u00a0`\n`\u00a0Original\u00a0Japanese\u00a0version\u00a0`\n`\u00a0English\u00a0dubbed\u00a0version`\n`Leo\u00a0`\n`Masane\u00a0Tsukayama\u00a0`\n`Dan\u00a0Green`\n`Lyre\u00a0`\n`Chieko\u00a0Baisho\u00a0`\n`Veronica\u00a0Taylor`\n`Lune\u00a0`\n`Tomoko\u00a0Ishimura\u00a0`\n`Tara\u00a0Sands`\n`Lukio\u00a0`\n`Hekiru\u00a0Shiina\u00a0`\n`Elizabeth\u00a0Williams`\n`Tommy\u00a0`\n`Naoki\u00a0Tatsuta\u00a0`\n`Michael\u00a0Sinterniklaas`\n`Coco\u00a0`\n`Kaneta\u00a0Kimotsuki\u00a0`\n`David\u00a0Wills`\n`Burazza\u00a0`\n`Kei\u00a0Tani\u00a0`\n`Kayzie\u00a0Rogers`\n`Pagoola\u00a0`\n`Masat\u014d\u00a0Ibu\u00a0`\n`David\u00a0Brimmer`\n`Bizo\u00a0`\n`Ranran\u00a0Suzuki\u00a0`\n`Michelle\u00a0Newman`\n`Mary\u00a0`\n`Tomoko\u00a0Nakajima\u00a0`\n`Stephanie\u00a0Sheh`\n`Higeoyaji\u00a0`\n`K\u014dsei\u00a0Tomita\u00a0`\n`Mike\u00a0Pollock`\n`Ham\u00a0Egg\u00a0`\n`Danshi\u00a0Tatekawa\u00a0`\n`Ted\u00a0Lewis`\n`Ramune\u00a0`\n`Yasunori\u00a0Matsumoto\u00a0`\n`Jamie\u00a0McGonnigal`\n`Dr.\u00a0Minus\u00a0`\n`K\u014dz\u014d\u00a0Shioya\u00a0`\n`Zachary\u00a0Alexander`\n`Dr.\u00a0Plus\u00a0`\n`Yasuo\u00a0Muramatsu\u00a0`\n`Lex\u00a0Woutas`\n- List of Osamu Tezuka manga\n- List of Osamu Tezuka anime\n- Osamu Tezuka\\'s Star System","parent_id":"d6d41f20afce77f2bcf0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b74bea3f5ff56ff53b0f:0","document_content":"# The Girl in the Caf\u00e9\n***The Girl in the Caf\u00e9*** is a British made-for-television drama film directed by David Yates, written by Richard Curtis and produced by Hilary Bevan Jones. The film is produced by the independent production company Tightrope Pictures and was originally screened on BBC One in the United Kingdom on 25 June 2005. It was also shown in the United States on cable television station Home Box Office on the same day. Bill Nighy portrays the character of Lawrence, with Kelly Macdonald portraying Gina. Nighy and Macdonald had previously starred together in the 2003 BBC serial *State of Play*, which was also directed by Yates and produced by Bevan-Jones. *The Girl in the Caf\u00e9*\\'s casting director is Fiona Weir who, at the time, was also the casting director for the *Harry Potter* films, the last four of which Yates directed.\nThe film received seven nominations at the 58th Primetime Emmy Awards, where it won Outstanding Made for Television Movie, Outstanding Writing for a Limited Series, Movie, or Dramatic Special for Curtis, and Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie for Macdonald.\nLawrence (Bill Nighy), a civil servant working for the Chancellor of the Exchequer (Ken Stott), falls in love with Gina (Kelly Macdonald), a young woman he meets by chance in a London caf\u00e9. Lawrence takes Gina to a G8 summit in Reykjav\u00edk, Iceland, where she confronts the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (Corin Redgrave) over the issue of third world debt and poverty in Africa, much to Lawrence\\'s embarrassment and the anger of his employers. However, he realises that she is right and tries to help persuade the Chancellor and others at the summit to do something about the issues concerned.\n- Bill Nighy as Lawrence\n- Kelly Macdonald as Gina\n- Ken Stott as Chancellor of the Exchequer\n- Corin Redgrave as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom","parent_id":"b74bea3f5ff56ff53b0f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b74bea3f5ff56ff53b0f:1","document_content":"# The Girl in the Caf\u00e9\nThe production was conceived to tie-in both with the BBC\\'s *Africa Lives* season of programming, and with the global Make Poverty History campaign, for which writer Curtis was a prominent campaigner. As such, it was also shown in South Africa on the same day as its UK and US premieres. Curtis was better-known as a writer of romantic comedy films such as *Four Weddings and a Funeral*, *Notting Hill* and *Love Actually* (the latter of which he also directed and had featured Nighy). Although *The Girl in the Caf\u00e9* does contain some of his trademark comedy elements, it is generally more serious in tone and attempts to highlight the issues of poverty and fair trade.\nOn BBC One, the programme gained an audience of 5.5 million, a 29% share of the total television audience watching over its 90-minute duration, winning its timeslot. The opinions, however, were divided.\nAndrew Anthony, for example, wrote a negative review in *The Observer*:\nSarah Vine, herself the wife of a conservative politician, argued in *The Times* that the message was devalued by an oversimplification of the problem. In her opinion the film\\'s main weakness is the belief that the G8 leaders can simply end poverty.\nHowever, the film gained positive reviews too with Alessandre Stanley from *The New York Times* stating:\nThere were also more positive reactions. Previewing the programme before transmission, Sarah Crompton was very enthusiastic when writing for *The Daily Telegraph*:\nMacdonald and Nighy were both nominated at the 2006 Golden Globe Awards for their performances in the production, while the film and Macdonald received Emmy wins. David Yates and Fiona Weir were also nominated at the Emmy Awards for Outstanding Directing and Casting respectively.","parent_id":"b74bea3f5ff56ff53b0f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014:0","document_content":"# War and Peace (film series)\n***War and Peace*** (, trans. **Voyna i mir**) is a 1966--67 Soviet war drama film co-written and directed by Sergei Bondarchuk and a film adaptation of Leo Tolstoy\\'s 1869 novel *War and Peace*. The film, released in four installments throughout 1966 and 1967, starred Bondarchuk in the leading role of Pierre Bezukhov, alongside Vyacheslav Tikhonov and Ludmila Savelyeva, who depicted Prince Andrei Bolkonsky and Natasha Rostova.\nThe film was produced by the Mosfilm studios between 1961 and 1967, with considerable support from the Soviet authorities and the Red Army which provided hundreds of horses and over ten thousand soldiers as extras. At a cost of 8.29 million Soviet rubles -- equal to US\\$9.21 million at 1967 rates, or \\$60--70 million in 2019, accounting for ruble inflation -- it was the most expensive film made in the Soviet Union. Upon its release, it became a success with audiences, selling approximately 135 million tickets in the USSR. *War and Peace* also won the Grand Prix in the Moscow International Film Festival, the Golden Globe Award for Best Foreign Language Film and the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. Since its release, the film has often been considered the grandest epic film ever made, with many asserting its monumental production to be unrepeatable and unique in film history.\n\n### Part I: Andrei Bolkonsky\nIn Saint Petersburg of 1805, Pierre Bezukhov, the illegitimate son of a rich nobleman, is introduced to high society. His friend, Prince Andrei Bolkonsky, joins the Imperial Russian Army as aide-de-camp of General Mikhail Kutuzov in the War of the Third Coalition against Napoleon. As Pierre\\'s father recognizes him, Pierre attracts the attention of H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Kuragina and marries her, only to learn through rumor that she has been unfaithful and slept with Fyodor Dolokhov, an intimate of H\u00e9l\u00e8ne\\'s brother Anatole. Meanwhile, Andrei takes part in the failed campaign in Austria, where he witnesses the Battle of Sch\u00f6ngrabern and the Battle of Austerlitz, is badly wounded and mistaken for dead. He returns to his father\\'s estate just in time to witness his wife Lisa die during childbirth.","parent_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014:1","document_content":"# War and Peace (film series)\n### Part II: Natasha Rostova\nIn the end of 1809, Natasha, the young daughter of a count attends her first ball at age 16. Andrei Bolkonsky falls in love with her and intends to marry her, but his father demands they wait. Andrei travels abroad, and Natasha desperately longs for him. But she then meets the handsome Anatole Kuragin who falls in love with her and follows her with much passion. Overwhelmed Natasha decides she prefers him over Andrei. At the last minute, she regrets her choice and abandons her plans to elope with Anatole. However, Andrei has heard of her plans and declares their betrothal is over. Natasha suffers a nervous breakdown. Pierre, trying to calm her down, suddenly announces he loves her.\n\n### Part III: The Year 1812\nIn 1812, Napoleon\\'s Army invades Russia. Field Marshal Kutuzov is appointed by the Tsar to defend the land. Kutuzov asks Andrei to join him as a staff officer, but he requests a command in the field. Pierre approaches the battlefield of the upcoming confrontation between the armies during the Battle of Borodino, he volunteers to assist in an artillery battery. Andrei\\'s unit waits in the reserve, but he is hit by a shell and both he and Anatole suffer severe wounds. The battle involves hundreds of thousands of soldiers, thousands of horses, hundreds of cannons firing from both sides. French Army forces the Russian Army to retreat leaving Moscow unprotected. Napoleon advances on Moscow.\n\n### Part IV: Pierre Bezukhov\nAs Moscow is set ablaze by the retreating Russians, the Rostovs flee their estate, taking wounded soldiers with them, and unbeknownst to them, also Andrei. Pierre, dressed as a peasant, tries to assassinate Napoleon but is taken prisoner. As the French are forced to retreat, he is marched for months with the Grande Arm\u00e9e, until being freed by partisans. The French Armies are defeated by Field Marshal Kutuzov in the Battle of Krasnoi. Andrei is recognized and is brought to his estate. He forgives Natasha on his deathbed. She reunites with Pierre as Moscow is being rebuilt.","parent_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014:2","document_content":"# War and Peace (film series)\n### Part IV: Pierre Bezukhov\n- Sergei Bondarchuk as Pierre Bezukhov\n- Ludmila Savelyeva as Natasha Rostova\n- Vyacheslav Tikhonov as Andrei Bolkonsky\n- Boris Zakhava as Mikhail Kutuzov\n- Anatoly Ktorov as Nikolai Bolkonsky\n- Antonina Shuranova as Maria Bolkonskaya\n- Oleg Tabakov as Nikolai Rostov\n- Viktor Stanitsyn as Ilya Rostov\n- Kira Golovko as Natalya Rostova\n- Irina Skobtseva as H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Kuragina\n- Vasily Lanovoy as Anatole Kuragin\n- Irina Gubanova as Sonya Rostova\n- Oleg Yefremov as Fyodor Dolokhov\n- Eduard Martsevich as Boris Drubetskoy\n- Aleksandr Borisov as Uncle Rostov\n- Nikolai Rybnikov as Vasily Denisov\n- Viktor Murganov as Alexander I of Russia\n- Larisa Borisenko as Mlle. Bourienne\n- Georgy Millyar as Morel\n- Nonna Mordyukova as Anisya\n- Anna Timiryova as old lady\n- Boris Khmelnitsky as Bolkonsky\\'s adjutant\n- Valeri Yeremichev as Alexander Ostermann-Tolstoy\n- Boris Smirnov as Vasili Kuragin\n- Nikolai Tolkachyov as Kirill Bezukhov\n- Dzhemma Firsova as Katishe Mamontova\n- Mikhail Khrabrov as Platon Karataev\n- Nikolay Trofimov as Tushin\n- Vladislav Strzhelchik as Napoleon\n- J\u0101nis Granti\u0146\u0161 as Ludwig von Wolzogen\n- Dz. Eizent\u0101ls as Carl von Clausewitz\n- Galina Kravchenko as Marya Karagina\n- Boris Molchanov as Louis-Nicolas Davout\n- Lev Polyakov as Jacques Lauriston\n- Rodion Aleksandrov as Alexander Balashov\n- Anastasiya Vertinskaya as Lisa Bolkonskaya\n- Nikita Mikhalkov as Russian soldier\n- Giuli Chokhonelidze as Pyotr Bagration\n- Vadim Safronov as Francis II\n- Jean-Claude Ballard as Ramballe\n- Yelena Tyapkina as Marya Dmitryevna\n- Sergei Yermilov as Petya Rostov\n- Herberts Zommers as Count Benningsen\n- Nikolai Bubnov as Karl Mack von Leiberich\n- Angelina Stepanova as Anna Scherer\n- Erwin Knausm\u00fcller as Franz von Weyrother\n- Mikhail Pogorzhelsky as Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly\n- Leonid Vidavsky as Paisi Kaysarov\n- Nikolai Grinko as Dessalles","parent_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014:3","document_content":"# War and Peace (film series)\n### Inception\nIn August 1959, King Vidor\\'s American-Italian co-production *War and Peace* was released in the Soviet Union, attracting 31.4 million viewers and gaining wide acclaim. The impending 150th anniversary of the 1812 French Invasion, as well as the worldwide success of Vidor\\'s adaptation of the Russian national epic -- at a time when the USSR and the United States were competing for prestige -- motivated the Soviet Minister of Culture Yekaterina Furtseva to begin planning a local picture based on Leo Tolstoy\\'s novel. An open letter which appeared in the Soviet press, signed by many of the country\\'s filmmakers, declared: \\\"It is a matter of honor for the Soviet cinema industry, to produce a picture which will surpass the American-Italian one in its artistic merit and authenticity.\\\" According to *Der Spiegel*, the film was to serve as a \\\"counterstrike\\\" to Vidor.\nDuring 1960, several leading Soviet directors proposed themselves to head the project, including Mikhail Romm and Sergei Gerasimov. But soon, the only viable candidate remaining was Ivan Pyryev. As his selection to the position seemed secure, several officials in the Ministry of Culture offered it to forty-year-old Sergei Bondarchuk, who had completed his directorial debut, *Fate of a Man*, in 1959. Bondarchuk had not sought the position and did not know of the proposal until a letter from the Ministry reached him, but he chose to accept it and contend with Pyryev.","parent_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014:4","document_content":"# War and Peace (film series)\n### Inception\nFedor Razzakov wrote that the invitation of Bondarchuk was orchestrated by Pyryev\\'s many enemies in the establishment, who were determined not to let him receive the lucrative project. In early February 1961, a letter endorsing Bondarchuk was sent to the Minister, signed by several prominent figures from the cinema industry. At first, Furtseva decreed that both candidates would each direct a pilot to be screened before a commission. However, Pyryev soon withdrew his bid. Razzakov believed he had done so after realizing his chances were slim: Bondarchuk, whose career began only during the Thaw, represented a generation of young directors promoted by Nikita Khrushchev\\'s Kremlin to replace the old filmmakers from the Stalin era. In the end of February, after Pyryev conceded, the Minister held a meeting and confirmed Bondarchuk as the director.\n\n### Development\nThe director\\'s screenplay of *War and Peace*\nOn 3 April 1961, Vladimir Surin, the director-general of the Mosfilm studios, sent Furtseva a letter requesting to approve the adaptation of a script for a film in three parts based on *War and Peace*, as well as to allocate 150,000 Soviet rubles in funds. On 5 May the Minister replied, authorizing to begin writing the scenario and granting R30,000. On that day, the work on the picture began.\nBondarchuk hired Vasily Solovyov, a playwright, as his assistant for composing the script. The two later changed the earlier premise and decided to make four parts instead of three. They chose to downplay or exclude completely several of Tolstoy\\'s plotlines and themes, in order not to make the film too cumbersome: the episodes concerning Nikolai Rostov and Maria Bolkonskaya were reduced, and Anatole Kuragin received a slightly better treatment. The author\\'s views on philosophy and history were substantially redacted.\nThe Mosfilm directorate approved the finished script on 27 February 1962. On 20 March, in a plenum in the Ministry of Culture attended by Surin and the State Committee for Cinematography\\'s deputy chairman Basakov, Furtseva approved the scenario and requested all relevant agencies to assist the producers, including the Ministry of Defense, which was deemed central in providing support for the project.","parent_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014:5","document_content":"# War and Peace (film series)\n### Development\nThe producers appointed three military advisers: Army General Vladimir Kurasov became the film\\'s chief consultant, and Army General Markian Popov assisted as well; Lieutenant General Nikolai Oslikovsky was brought as an expert on cavalry. The Soviet Army would supply thousands of soldiers as extras during the filming.\nMore than forty museums contributed historical artifacts, such as chandeliers, furniture and cutlery, to create an authentic impression of the early 19th-century Russia. Thousands of costumes were sewn, mainly military uniform of the sorts worn in the Napoleonic Wars, including 11,000 shakos. Sixty obsolete cannons were cast and 120 wagons and carts constructed for the production.\nAnticipating the need for cavalry, line producer Nikolai Ivanov and General Osilkovsky began seeking appropriate horses. While the cavalry formations of the Army were long abolished, several units in the Transcaucasian Military District and the Turkestan Military District retained horse-drawn mountain artillery. In addition to those, the Ministry of Agriculture gave away nine hundred horses and the Moscow City Police organized a detachment from its mounted regiment. The producers also needed to arrange hounds for the wolf hunting at the Rostov estate. At first, it was planned to use Borzois, as depicted in the novel. Sixteen such were obtained from individual private owners, but the dogs had no experience in hunting and were hard to handle. Eventually, scent hounds supplied by the Ministry of Defense chased down the wolves -- provided by the zoological department of the State Studio for Popular Science Films -- while the Borzoi caught them.","parent_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014:6","document_content":"# War and Peace (film series)\n### Casting\nBondarchuk began holding auditions in May 1961. Oleg Strizhenov received the leading role of Prince Andrei Bolkonsky. However, in spring 1962, shortly before the commencing of principal photography, Strizhenov changed his mind after being accepted into the ensemble of the Moscow Art Theatre. Bondarchuk complained to the Ministry of Culture. Furtseva spoke with the actor, but failed to convince him. The director then tried to enlist Innokenty Smoktunovsky, who was supposed to star in Grigori Kozintsev\\'s *Hamlet*. After deliberations, Smoktunovsky accepted Bondarchuk\\'s offer, but Kozintsev used his influence in the Ministry and received his actor back. As a last resort, Vyacheslav Tikhonov was given the role. He first arrived on the set in mid-December 1962, three months after filming began.\nBondarchuk envisaged the character of Pierre Bezukhov as having great physical strength, in accordance with his description by Tolstoy. Therefore, he had offered the role to Olympic weightlifter Yury Vlasov, and even rehearsed with him. Vlasov soon gave it up, telling the director that he had no acting skills. Bondarchuk then cast himself as the protagonist. His wife, actress Irina Skobtseva, portrayed H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Kuragina, Pierre\\'s first wife. During the making of the third and fourth part in the series, a journalist named Yury Devochkin, who resembled the director, substituted him in many of the scenes.\nAnastasiya Vertinskaya, Lyudmila Gurchenko and other known actresses wanted to portray Natasha Rostova, but Bondarchuk chose the inexperienced 19-year-old ballerina Ludmila Savelyeva, who had just recently graduated from Vaganova Academy of Russian Ballet. Nikita Mikhalkov was cast as Natasha\\'s little brother, Petya Rostov, but as he was in the age of adolescence and quickly growing up, he had to abandon the role in favor of the younger Sergei Yermilov.","parent_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014:7","document_content":"# War and Peace (film series)\n### Casting\nTikhonov was the highest-paid member of the cast, and received R22,228 for portraying Bolkonsky. Bondarchuk earned R21,679 for directing and 20,100 for depicting Pierre. Savelyeva got R10,685. Most other actors received less than R3,000.\n\n### Cinematography\nThe hussar officer\\'s pelisse worn by actor Nikolai Rybnikov, who portrayed Denisov\nBefore beginning principal photography, the producers resolved to shoot the picture with 70-mm. wide-format and high-resolution film instead of the standard 35-mm. Though they considered purchasing it from Kodak or from ORWO in the German Democratic Republic, they at last decided to use Soviet-made film stock manufactured in the Shostka Chemical Plant, both because of financial shortcomings and for considerations of national pride. Director of photography Anatoly Petritsky recalled that the Shostka film was \\\"of horrible quality\\\" and that he often would photograph a sequence only to discover the film was defective. This -- as well as the need to cover large crowds from many angles -- forced the director to repeat many of the scenes; some of the more elaborate battle sequences were retaken more than forty times. According to *Kommersant* journalist Yevgeni Zhirnov, Bondarchuk had to re-shoot more than 10% of the footage in the picture due to problems with the film stock; Zhirnov estimated that this raised the cost of production by 10% to 15% or more.\nThe first cinematographers, husband and wife Alexander Shelenkov and Yu-Lan Chen, quarreled with Bondarchuk on several occasions. On 20 May 1963, half a year after commencing photography, they wrote to Surin, asking to be dismissed from work on the picture and stating that Bondarchuk \\\"dictated without consulting with the crew.\\\" Their 31-year-old assistant Petritsky, who had made only one film previously, was appointed in their stead.","parent_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014:8","document_content":"# War and Peace (film series)\n### Cinematography\nThe operators pioneered photographic techniques which had never before been used in Soviet cinema. Aerial lifts with cameras were hoisted over sets to create \\\"a cannonball view\\\". When filming Natasha\\'s first ball, an operator with a hand-held camera circled between the dancing extras on roller skates. The crowd scenes were shot using cranes and helicopters. Another new feature was the sound technicians\\' use of a six-channel audio recording system.\n\n### Principal photography\nA costume used during the filming\nOn 7 September 1962, the 150th anniversary of the Battle of Borodino, principal photography began. The first scene to be filmed depicted the execution of suspected arsonists by the French Army, and was shot in the Novodevichy Convent. After a few days, the crew moved into the Moscow Kremlin for further work. Later that month, the hunt in the Rostov\\'s estate was filmed in the village of Bogoslavskoye, in the Yasnogorsky District.\nOn 1 December, Bondarchuk and the production team, with 150 wagons of equipment, traveled to Mukachevo in the Zakarpattia Oblast. The director had only planned to photograph two episodes there: the Battle of Sch\u00f6ngrabern and the Battle of Austerlitz. But due to the harsh winter, none of those could be shot. Bondarchuk revised his plans and decided to film in Zakarpattia 231 scenes that were supposed to be made elsewhere, while waiting for the weather to improve. The Battle of Krasnoi episode and its related parts were filmed in the snow, and involved 2,500 Soviet soldiers, allocated as extras, who wore French uniforms and 500 in Russian ones. When conditions enabled it, 3,000 soldiers from the Carpathian Military District re-created the Battle of Sch\u00f6ngrabern near the village of Kushtanovytsia. The Battle of Austerlitz was filmed in the vicinity of Svaliava. As the budget was exceeded due to the weather and film stock problems, Bondarchuk had to refrain from filming several battle sequences. On 17 May, the crew returned to the capital.","parent_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014:9","document_content":"# War and Peace (film series)\n### Principal photography\nOn 20 July, the producers went on another expedition, to Dorogobuzh, in order to film the Battle of Borodino and the related parts of the plot. Photography could not be carried out in Borodino itself, mainly because of the many memorials located there. On 1 August, work was commenced. The shooting of the battle itself began on 25 August 1963 -- its 151st anniversary by the Julian Calendar. 13,500 soldiers and 1,500 horsemen substituted for the historical armies (Several reports in the Western press have put the number of soldiers who participated at 120,000; however, in an 1986 interview to *National Geographic*, Bondarchuk stated: \\\"That is exaggeration, all I had was 12,000.\\\") The troops were supposed to return to their bases after thirteen days, but eventually remained for three months. 23 tons of gunpowder, handled by 120 sappers, and 40,000 liters of kerosene were used for the pyrotechnics, as well as 10,000 smoke grenades. Tens of thousands of cubic meters of soil were dug out to construct earthworks resembling the Bagration fl\u00e8ches and the Raevsky redoubt. The set was divided to sectors, and a system of loudspeakers was installed -- one for each area -- to enable the director to coordinate the troops\\' movements. On 4 November, the session ended and Bondarchuk went back to Moscow.\nFrom the end of December to mid-June 1964, the crew worked in Mosfilm\\'s studios. Most notably, Natasha\\'s debutante ball was photographed there, with five hundred extras. On 15 June, the production team went to Leningrad, where shooting took place in the Hermitage Museum, the Summer Garden, the Peter and Paul Fortress and in Vasilyevsky Island. Upon his return to the studio on 7 July, Bondarchuk was abruptly instructed by his superiors to abandon all other work and focus on preparing the first two parts for the 1965 Moscow Film Festival, contrary to all former designs and while they were far from finished. During the same month, he suffered a major cardiac arrest and was clinically dead for a short while. His first words after regaining consciousness were: \\\"If I die, let Gerasimov finish it\\\". Filming was postponed until late September.","parent_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014:10","document_content":"# War and Peace (film series)\n### Principal photography\nIn spite of the tight schedule, *Andrei Bolkonsky* and *Natasha Rostova* were completed and submitted to Mosfilm\\'s directorate on 30 June 1965, less than a week before the festival. The two had their world premiere on 19 July 1965, in the Kremlin Palace of Congresses. During July, Bondarchuk suffered another heart attack: this time, he was clinically dead for four minutes. The white wall of light seen by Bolkonsky before his death was inspired by the director\\'s experience.\nThe work on the remaining episodes of parts 3 and 4 resumed on 9 August. During the next months, the crew filmed in Mozhaysk, Kalinin and Zvenigorod. The final plot line to be shot was the Fire of Moscow; filming began on 17 October 1966. For four months prior to that, a plywood set was built in the village of Teryayevo, next to the Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery. The entire construction, doused with diesel fuel, was burned to the ground as five fire engines stood nearby. Principal photography ended on 28 October 1966. On 28 December, the edited third film was approved by the studio. Work on the fourth and final one continued until early August 1967.\n\n### Budget\nIn 1962, officials in the Ministry of Culture estimated *War and Peace* would cost some 4 million rubles, not including support from the Army. In comparison, the most expensive Soviet film until then, the 1952 *The Unforgettable Year 1919*, cost R1.093 million in prices adjusted to the 1961 monetary reform. *War and Peace* remains the costliest picture to be made in the USSR.\nOn 20 March 1962, Furtseva set a preliminary budget of R1.395 million. On 21 May 1963, the Ministry approved a plan for a series in four parts with a budget of R8,165,200. On 25 August 1964, the State Committee for Cinematography issued a directive revisiting the terms, authorizing to spend R8.5 million, of which R2.51 million were to cover the expenses of the Ministry of Defense. Producer Nikolai Ivanov recalled: \\\"the domestic press later claimed the budget was R18 million or R25 million, but they had 8.5 million and managed to reduce expenditures to 7.8 million during principal photography.\\\"","parent_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014:11","document_content":"# War and Peace (film series)\n### Budget\nTowards the end of post-production, the total cost forecast estimated was R8,083,412. However, in August 1967, with all work completed, \\\"the last debit and credit entries were written in the books. According to its financial statements, the film consumed 8,291,712 ruble.\\\" This was equal to \\$9,213,013 by the 1967 exchange rate, or to approximately \\$60--70 million in 2021, accounting for ruble inflation.\nVarious estimates of the series\\' budget circulated in the international press. *The New York Times* reported it was \\\"the most expensive film ever made\\... Russians say cost \\$100 million\\\". This figure was repeated throughout the American press. *The New York Times* estimated this figure to be equivalent to \\$700 million upon adjustment for inflation to 2007 levels, a claim it reiterated in 2019. After its release in the United Kingdom in 1969, *The Annual Register* announced it \\\"reputedly\\\" cost \u00a340 million (\\$96 million). The 1979 *Guinness Book of World Records* published a similar number, claiming *War and Peace* was \\\"the most expensive film ever made\\\" based on that \\\"the total cost has been officially stated to be more than \\$96 million.\\\" Other estimates put the cost of production between \\$25 million and \\$60 million.\n\n### Distribution\nThe distribution (along with the displaying and later preserving) of such a massive piece of work posed physical difficulties. Already the whopping 20 canisters of film reels made transportation a sizable hassle.","parent_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014:12","document_content":"# War and Peace (film series)\n### Distribution\n*Andrei Bolkonsky* was screened in two consecutive parts, released in a total of 2,805 copies in March 1966. In the fifteen months afterwards, the first sold 58.3 million tickets in the USSR, and 58 million of the viewers remained through the intermission. Thus, *Bolkonsky* became the most successful film of the year. Respectively, its two parts are also the 26th and 27th most watched from among all pictures ever made in the Soviet Union. *Natasha Rostova*, which opened in July with 1,405 copies disseminated, performed less well and attracted 36.2 million viewers in the same time period, reaching the third place in the 1966 box office, although it would have been ninth if counted in 1967. Admission for the two final parts deteriorated further: *1812*, with 1,407 copies released, had 21 million admissions and *Pierre Bezukhov* sold merely 19.8 million tickets; they made it to the 13th and 14th place at the 1967 box office.\nRussian film critic Sergei Kudryavtsev assessed the series\\' domestic returns were \\\"probably in the range\\\" of R58 million, while Razzakov assumed each ticket cost an average price of 25 kopeck. With a total of some 135 million tickets sold, *War and Peace* was considered a resounding commercial success at the time.\nThe series was screened in 117 countries around the world, including Spain, Japan, West Germany, Denmark, Belgium, Egypt, and Argentina. In East Germany, the state-owned DEFA studio produced a slightly shorter edition of the series, dubbed to German, which ran 409 minutes and maintained the four-part order of the original. Among others, it featured Angelica Domr\u00f6se, who voiced Lisa Bolkonskaya. It attracted 2,225,649 viewers in the German Democratic Republic. In West Germany, a much shorter version was released, totaling 337 minutes. In the People\\'s Republic of Poland, it sold over 5,000,000 tickets in 1967. In France, *War and Peace* had 1,236,327 admissions.","parent_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014:13","document_content":"# War and Peace (film series)\n### Distribution\nWalter Reade Jr.\\'s company Continental Distributors purchased the U.S rights of *War and Peace* for \\$1.5 million. Reade\\'s associates shortened the American version of the film by an hour, and added English-language dubbing. This edition was directed by Lee Kresel of Titan Productions and narrated by Norman Rose. Its premiere was held in the DeMille Theater, New York, on 28 April 1968, and attended by actresses Ludmila Savelyeva and Irina Skobtseva, as well as ambassadors Anatoly Dobrynin and Yakov Malik. Tickets for the picture were later sold for \\$5.50--\\$7.50 -- the highest admission rate ever, breaking the previous \\$6 record of *Funny Girl*. On 23 January 1969, Kresel\\'s edition opened in London\\'s Curzun cinema.\nThe US television network ABC broadcast *War and Peace* over four days, 12--15 August 1972. The series was broadcast on BBC2 on Christmas Day 1976, split into two 4-hour sections with a 30-minute intermission.\n\n### Awards\nIn July 1965, *War and Peace* was awarded the Grand Prix at the 4th Moscow International Film Festival together with the Hungarian entry *Twenty Hours*. Ludmila Savelyeva was presented with an honorary diploma. The readers of *Sovetskii Ekran*, the official publication of the State Committee for Cinematography, chose Savelyeva and Vyacheslav Tikhonov for the best actress and actor of 1966, in recognition of their appearance in the picture. In the same year, *War and Peace* also received the Million Pearl Award of the Roei Association of Film Viewers in Japan.\nIn 1967, the film was entered into the 1967 Cannes Film Festival, outside of the competition. It was sent there instead of Andrei Tarkovsky\\'s *Andrei Rublev*, which was invited by the festival\\'s organizers but deemed inappropriate by the Soviet government.\nIn the United States, it won the Golden Globe Award for Best Foreign Language Film in the 26th Golden Globe Awards. The picture was the Soviet entry to the 41st Academy Awards, held on 14 April 1969. It received the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film and was nominated for the Best Art Direction.","parent_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014:14","document_content":"# War and Peace (film series)\n### Awards\n*War and Peace* was the first Soviet picture to win the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, and was the longest film ever to receive an Academy Award until *O.J.: Made in America* won the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature in 2017. The Oscar statuette was confiscated by Soviet authorities upon return (presumably along the Golden Globe statuette).\nIt also won the National Board of Review Award for Best Foreign Language Film and the New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Foreign Language Film for 1968.\nIn 1970, it was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Production Design in the 23rd British Academy Film Awards.\n\n### Critical response\nSoviet film critic Rostislav Yurenev wrote that *War and Peace* was \\\"the most ambitious and monumental adaptation of the greatest work of Russian literature ... set out to convey in tremendous scope the historical conception of Leo Tolstoy, his extraordinarily vivid and profound depiction of humanity.\\\" In a second review, he added: \\\"the desire for ever greater depth of penetration into the human character, of every aspect of it ... led to Sergei Bondarchuk\\'s adaptation of Tolstoy. The outcome is truly marvelous.\\\"\n*Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung* reviewer Brigitte Jeremias stated the film presented history \\\"with great meticulousness and choreographic quality .... This is a conservative, romantic or perhaps even classical historical film .... But it strives for authenticity, and is therefore incomparably better than Vidor\\'s adaptation.\\\"","parent_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014:15","document_content":"# War and Peace (film series)\n### Critical response\nFrench critic Georges Sadoul commented: \\\"more than in the sheer scale of the battle scenes\\\", the film\\'s \\\"merit lies in its sense of the Russian landscape\\\", to continue: \\\"Though perhaps an impressive example of film-making on large scale,\\\" it was \\\"ponderous by any standard\\\" and \\\"tediously faithful\\\" to the novel, with \\\"none of its narrative flair or spirit .... Occasional bravura or touching episodes are not adequate for the dogged pedantry.\\\" Claude Mauriac wrote in *Le Figaro litt\u00e9raire* that \\\"we have already seen many Soviet films .... But this is the most beautiful I have seen since, well, since when?\\\" Peter Cowie noted that Bondarchuk brought to his adaptation \\\"the epic sweep that had eluded King Vidor.\\\" Joseph Gelmis of *Newsday* agreed that the film was \\\"superior to Vidor\\'s as drama and spectacle. Bondartchouk isn\\'t an innovator. Instead he uses virtually every movie technique extant \\... an antiwar film that celebrates life, love, renewal\\\".","parent_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014:16","document_content":"# War and Peace (film series)\n### Critical response\nRenata Adler of the *New York Times* wrote that \\\"the characters\u00a0-- including Savelyeva ... who looks a little queasy, and Bondarchuk, too old to play Pierre\u00a0-- are dowdy automata.\\\" She added the film was \\\"vulgar in the sense that it takes something great and makes it both pretentious and devoid of life .... A failure in the sense that it is not even as enjoyable as any number of lesser films.\\\" Adler also disapproved of the English dubbing, opining \\\"although it is remarkable\u00a0-- an outer limit of what can be done\u00a0-- it was a mistake\\\" and \\\"proves once and for all the futility of dubbing.\\\" *The New Yorker* critic Penelope Gilliatt had lambasted the process as well: \\\"the decision to tack on alien voices seems madness.\\\" Judith Crist wrote in *New York Magazine*: \\\"Those Russians...! And now, I bet they\\'ll beat us to the moon! Chauvinism be damned\u00a0-- I\\'m putting *Gone with the Wind* into historic perspective and second place, for certainly *War and Peace* is not only ... the finest epic of our time, but also a great and noble translation of a literary masterpiece, surpassing our expectation and imagination.\\\"","parent_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014:17","document_content":"# War and Peace (film series)\n### Critical response\nThe *Time* magazine reviewer wrote that the film \\\"escapes greatness, except in cost and length ... the movie is awesome in war and pusillanimous in peace.\\\" In the novel, unlike in the picture, \\\"the war is only the background .... Pierre and Andrei are only shallow, literal representations of Tolstoy\\'s characters .... Moreover, the dubbing is disastrous.\\\" Richard Schickel of *Life* noted that the film\\'s American distributors \\\"have cut and dubbed it, ruining any merit it may have had\\\" but the original \\\"had its own deficiencies .... Missing is Tolstoy\\'s theory of history as well as his Christian message (neither fits Marxist theory very well), and without this underpinning the film lacks power and purpose.\\\" Roger Ebert commented that it was \\\"a magnificently unique film .... Bondarchuk, however, is able to balance the spectacular, the human, and the intellectual. Even in the longest, bloodiest, battle scenes there are vignettes that stand out .... It is as spectacular as a movie can possibly be and yet it has a human fullness.\\\"\nReview aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reports that 100% of 19 reviews were positive, with an average rating of 8.97\/10.","parent_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014:18","document_content":"# War and Peace (film series)\n### Analysis\nIan Aitken regarded *War and Peace* as \\\"one of the most important\\\" films produced during the 1964--68 transition from the Khrushchev Thaw to the Brezhnev Stagnation. In that period, the liberal atmosphere of the Thaw was still felt, although it was being marginalized as Soviet cinema became more restrained. The picture \\\"departed from the officially sanctioned forms of Socialist realism\\\" and rather, conformed to Gy\u00f6rgy Luk\u00e1cs\\' model of intensive totality in several aspects: it was based on a classic realist novel which itself influenced Luk\u00e1cs; had a complex plot structure, and portrayed the relations of individuals in a social context. Aitken added that at the same time, the picture employed several \\\"overtly modernist\\\" techniques: \\\"symbolic, anti-realist use of color ... disembodied speech, rapid editing ... reflexive, hand-held camera.\\\" The author believed the film\\'s \\\"chief importance\\\" laid in its demonstration of how \\\"the Luk\u00e1csian model of intensive totality can be given a successful modernist inflection.\\\" He also noted that while it was an example of critical realism rather than socialist realism and had modernist characteristics, *War and Peace* was \\\"politically innocuous enough\\\" to be celebrated by the Brezhnev government as a great achievement.","parent_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014:19","document_content":"# War and Peace (film series)\n### Analysis\nLev Anninsky, on the contrary, viewed Bondarchuk\\'s picture as a symbol of state-approved cinema, writing it was the \\\"antithesis\\\" and the \\\"total contrast\\\" to *Andrei Rublev*, which he saw as representing the nonconformist approach in the field. Anninsky commented that *War and Peace* was imbued with patriotic motifs and \\\"warm Russian tradition, which engulfs the viewer\\\" while Tarkovsky had no such sense of \\\"history as if it is a mother\\'s womb.\\\" Mira and Antonin Liehm considered it \\\"foremost\\\" among the early Brezhnevite films which received \\\"official support\\\" in order to bring \\\"Russian classics ... and history to the screen in a manner in line with the official standards of taste.\\\" However, they added that \\\"if measured by models and ambitions\\\" it could \\\"stand on its own merits.\\\"\nDavid C. Gillespie noted orthodox Soviet messages in the film: \\\"There are ideological touches .... Russian and Austrian soldiers (but not their officers) show proletarian-like solidarity .... There is no mention in the film of Pierre\\'s early dalliance with freemasonry, as if contact with a foreign creed might erode some of his Russianness.\\\" He wrote that it \\\"remains a paean to Russian military might and the strength of the Russian \\'soul\\'.\\\"\n\n### Restoration\nIn 1986, Bondarchuk was requested to prepare *War and Peace* for a television broadcast. A 35-mm. copy of the series, which was filmed in parallel to the main version and had a 4:3 aspect ratio, rather than the 70-mm. 2.20:1, was submitted, after being adapted by a team headed by Petritsky.\nIn 1999, as part of an initiative to restore its old classics, Mosfilm resolved to restore *War and Peace*. As the original 70-mm. reels were damaged beyond repair, the studio used the 1988 4:3 version and the original soundtrack to make a DVD edition, in a process that cost \\$80,000.","parent_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014:20","document_content":"# War and Peace (film series)\n### Restoration\nIn 2006 Karen Shakhnazarov, director of Mosfilm, announced that a new \\\"frame by frame\\\" restoration was being made. Which elements were being used is unclear, but the restoration would, claimed Shakhnazarov, probably be finished by the end of 2016.\nThe completed restoration was first shown at the Film Society of Lincoln Center in New York City, then in Los Angeles and other major cities. The Criterion Collection released the restoration onto 3-disc DVD and 2-disc Blu-ray sets on 25 June 2019.\n- Ah Vy, Seni, Moi Seni, Russian folk song\n- *Waterloo*, a film about the Battle of Waterloo, also directed by Bondarchuk\n- List of highest-grossing films in the Soviet Union\n- List of Soviet submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film.\n- List of submissions to the 41st Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film.","parent_id":"537bf7bcd6f1f8bc6014","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2dddc53e13dcbf1da203:0","document_content":"# The Park (2003 film)\n***The Park*** is a 2003 Hong Kong horror film originally released in 3-D. The film was directed and produced by Andrew Lau. The film was shown at the 2004 Sundance Film Festival as part of the midnight screenings.\n14 years ago, a girl fell to her death from the Ferris wheel in an amusement park and the park\\'s owner hanged himself from the wheel in guilt for the casualty. The park has been closed down by the government since then. Alan, a reporter, travels to the park out of curiosity and disappears after being pulled underground by an unseen force. Alan\\'s sister, Yen, decides to enter the deserted park to search for her brother. Yen\\'s mother, a ghostbuster who captures spirits with a magic camera, tells Yen that she knows Alan is dead and asks Yen not to find him. However, Yen insists that Alan is still alive and she goes to the park against her mother\\'s will, bringing along six of her friends (Ka-ho, Dan, YY, Ken, Pinky and Shan).","parent_id":"2dddc53e13dcbf1da203","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2dddc53e13dcbf1da203:1","document_content":"# The Park (2003 film)\nThey meet the park\\'s caretaker, a weird-looking old man, who shouts at them to leave, warning them that the park is haunted. They do not believe him and return to the park again at night, thinking that the old man is asleep. While waiting, Ka-ho tells them that he heard that the park used to be a cemetery before it was built. Strange things start to happen when they split up to find Alan. Ka-ho sees something on his camera recorder and follows it into the Haunted House. One hour later, when everyone comes back to the meeting point, they see that Ka-ho is missing too. They split up into two groups again to find him. Ken and Pinky take a ride on the carousel but it starts spinning at a fast speed on its own. Ken manages to jump off the carousel but accidentally knocks Pinky out in the process. Shan is left behind with Pinky while Ken runs away in fear and almost dies from being drowned by a ghost. Ken\\'s crucifix saves him but does not prevent him from being decapitated on a wire later on. Pinky is possessed and dies after slitting her wrist. Shan is apparently killed after being strangled by the possessed Pinky but his lucky charm saves him. Yen, YY and Dan enter the Haunted House and the wax figures inside come to life and attack them. YY is killed by the figurines while Dan dies after being set on fire by the ghosts.","parent_id":"2dddc53e13dcbf1da203","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2dddc53e13dcbf1da203:2","document_content":"# The Park (2003 film)\nOnly Yen is left alive and she weeps over YY\\'s body, while the possessed caretaker approaches her from behind with an axe. Before he can kill her, Yen\\'s mother arrives and starts to fight the evils. She is possessed by the demon and she asks Yen to capture the demon with her magic camera, which Yen does reluctantly. Yen\\'s mother dies and before dying, she asks Yen to snap pictures of her deceased friends and other victims, and burn the photos to put them to rest. Yen is also briefly re-united with her deceased brother. At the last moment, Shan appears and reveals that he had been saved by his lucky charm. In the epilogue, Yen is seen taking over her late mother\\'s duties as a ghostbuster while Shan continues to work as a car mechanic. When Yen calls Shan at work, Shan does not answer as he is killed mysteriously after being crushed by a car. In fact, the demon had survived in their group photo and it returns to haunt Yen as the film ends.\n- Bobo Chan as Yen\n- Kara Hui as Mrs Yu\n- Tiffany Lee as YY\n- Derek Tsang as Dan\n- Johnathan Cheung as Alan\n- Pubate Maganit as Ken\n- Laila Boonyasak as Pinky\n- Matthew Paul Dean as Shan\n- Chalerm Taweebot as Park caretaker","parent_id":"2dddc53e13dcbf1da203","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"982c89587e73c73352d1:0","document_content":"# Seraphim Falls\n***Seraphim Falls*** is a 2006 American revisionist Western film directed by television producer and director David Von Ancken in his only feature film. The storyline was conceived from a screenplay written by Von Ancken and Abby Everett Jaques. The fictional story focuses on a bounty hunt for a Union soldier by a Confederate colonel following the American Civil War in the late 1860s. Pierce Brosnan, Liam Neeson, Michael Wincott, Tom Noonan, and Ed Lauter star in principal roles. *Seraphim Falls* explores civil topics, such as violence, human survival and war.\nThe film was produced by the motion picture studio of Icon Productions. It was commercially distributed by Samuel Goldwyn Films and Destination Films theatrically, and by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment for home media. The film score was composed by musician Harry Gregson-Williams, although a soundtrack version for the motion picture was not released to the public.\n*Seraphim Falls* premiered at the 2006 Toronto International Film Festival and was released to theatres in limited release in the United States on January 26, 2007, grossing \\$418,296 in domestic ticket sales. It earned an additional \\$801,762 in box office business overseas for a combined worldwide total of \\$1,220,058 in revenue. The film generally received positive critical reviews before its initial screening in cinemas. The widescreen DVD edition of the film featuring scene selections and a bonus featurette, was released in the United States on May 15, 2007.\nNotable similarities have been found between the film and the 1976 revisionist western, *The Outlaw Josey Wales* directed by Clint Eastwood.\nIn 1868, within the Ruby Mountains, Gideon roasts hare over an open fire. Suddenly, gunshots ring out with one striking his left arm. He grabs what he can and races down the mountain. His attackers emerge from their cover to inspect his campsite. Colonel Morsman Carver, a former Confederate officer, is accompanied by Pope, Hayes, Parsons and the Kid, who are all engaged in a bounty operation to apprehend him.","parent_id":"982c89587e73c73352d1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"982c89587e73c73352d1:1","document_content":"# Seraphim Falls\nAfter removing the bullet from his arm with his hunting knife at a secluded location, Gideon leaves an open fire burning, which attracts the posse. He ends up killing Pope with his knife and then ventures out again into the wilderness. He attempts to steal a horse, but is caught by a young woman named Charlotte who helps him after she realises he is injured. She dresses his wound and her family let him sleep overnight in their farmhouse. He later offers to buy their horse and leaves before daybreak. As the group of men approach Gideon\\'s trail, he lays an ambush using a bear trap which impales the Kid, who is then shot by Carver as an act of mercy. Later, Parsons decides to leave the other men following the discovery of a dead bank robber, whom Gideon had killed earlier in an act of self-defence and whose bounty money exceeds Gideon\\'s. As Parsons is preparing to load the dead body to take to Carson City for the reward money, Carver shoots the horse -- which he declares is his -- leaving Parsons to walk the 30 miles back to town carrying the body.","parent_id":"982c89587e73c73352d1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"982c89587e73c73352d1:2","document_content":"# Seraphim Falls\nComing across a railroad under construction, Gideon hitches his horse and steals some food. The foreman recognises the horse as stolen and detains Gideon. Carver and his remaining man, Hayes, also reach the railroad site and search for Gideon. Meanwhile, he escapes from custody and makes off with another horse. As Carver and Hayes draw closer, Gideon\\'s horse can no longer take the strain of the heat and collapses. Gideon euthanises the horse with his knife. When Carver and Hayes finally reach the horse\\'s carcass, Hayes dismounts and marvels at what type of an animal would disembowel the creature. Suddenly Gideon leaps out from the horse\\'s belly, where he had been hiding, and grabs Hayes, threatening to kill him if Carver doesn\\'t give up his gun. Carver instead shoots Hayes with his last bullet. Confronting each other, Carver and Gideon recall the events that put them at odds. After the end of the American Civil War, Gideon was ordered to track down former Confederate officers. When he arrived at Carver\\'s home in Seraphim Falls to interrogate him, Carver was out in a nearby field. To coerce Carver\\'s wife into revealing his whereabouts, and believing that their house was empty, Gideon orders their barn to be set on fire. The blaze quickly spreads to the house, as Carver returns from the cropland. While the soldiers restrain him, his wife and son run inside the house to save their infant child who is still in a bedroom. Both men look on with horror at the unfolding tragedy; trapped by the flames, Carver\\'s wife and children perish. Gideon, racked with guilt over the tragedy, is seen dropping his gunbelt and walking away from his men.","parent_id":"982c89587e73c73352d1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"982c89587e73c73352d1:3","document_content":"# Seraphim Falls\nThe two men fight, Gideon eventually getting the better of Carver. He points Carver in the direction of a town and tells him that he will get nothing but torment if he continues his pursuit. Gideon takes the horses ridden by Carver and Hayes and sets off deeper into the countryside. When Carver later catches up with Gideon, both men are on the brink of exhaustion. They confront each other again with their pistols. Gideon shoots Carver in the side but, instead of finishing him off, he offers himself to Carver. Carver decides not to shoot him and throws his pistol aside. Gideon helps Carver to his feet and the two men walk into the distance away from each other. As a final gesture Gideon abandons his knife (his primary tool throughout the film), throwing it into the ground.\n- Liam Neeson as Colonel Morsman Carver: Like Brosnan, Neeson described being \\\"kind of steeped in that western mythology growing up in Ireland.\\\" He likened his character, Carver, to Captain Ahab in *Moby-Dick*, \\\"he\\'s Carver totally governed by this idea of revenge where he's practically lost his humanity.\\\"\n- Pierce Brosnan as Gideon: The role was originally to be played by Richard Gere but after he dropped out, Pierce Brosnan replaced him. Brosnan spoke of his love of Western films during production and promotion of *Seraphim Falls*, which had stemmed from watching them as a child in Ireland.\n- Michael Wincott as Hayes\n- Xander Berkeley as McKenzy, a railway foreman.\n- Ed Lauter as Parsons\n- Tom Noonan as Minister Abraham\n- Kevin J. O\\'Connor as Henry\n- John Robinson as Kid\n- Anjelica Huston as Madame Louise, a vanishing con artist, who figures in the end of the film. Huston first joined the cast in November 2005.\n- Angie Harmon as Rose\n- Robert Baker as Pope\n- Wes Studi as Charon\n- Jimmi Simpson as Big Brother\n- James Jordan as Little Brother\n- Nate Mooney as Cousin Bill\n- Shannon Zeller as Charlotte\n- Adon Cravens as Nathaniel\n- Boots Southerland as Tall Henchman","parent_id":"982c89587e73c73352d1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"982c89587e73c73352d1:4","document_content":"# Seraphim Falls\n### Filming\nDavid Von Ancken first researched the script for six months before joining Abby Everett Jaques to create the screenplay. The film was originally announced at the Cannes Film Festival with Liam Neeson and Richard Gere in the lead roles. Gere dropped out in August 2005 and was soon replaced by Pierce Brosnan. Shooting on *Seraphim Falls* started on October 17, 2005 and actress Anjelica Huston later joined the cast the following November. The film was filmed on location for 48 days, primarily in New Mexico; some of the opening scenes were filmed along the McKenzie River in Oregon.\nOscar-winning cinematographer John Toll was responsible for cinematography work on the film. Toll later noted it was a \\\"great opportunity to work with a director who was interested in visual storytelling.\\\"\n\n### Music\nThe soundtrack, composed by Harry Gregson-Williams, was produced at Bastyr University\\'s chapel in Kenmore, Washington. Gregson-Williams wrote the music in three or four weeks, describing it as \\\"very atmospheric\\\". However, a CD soundtrack version of the film\\'s score was never released to the public. The sound effects in the film were supervised by Kami Asgar. The mixing of the sound elements were orchestrated by William Sarokin and mastered by Steve Maslow.\n\n### Critical response\nOn Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 55%, based on reviews from 85 critics, with an average score of 5.7 out of 10. The website\\'s consensus reads, \\\"A brutal, slow-moving drama that unfolds among some great-looking scenery.\\\" On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 62 out of 100, based on 21 reviews, indicating \\\"generally favorable reviews\\\".\nNeeson, who has more presence doing nothing than most actors do playing Hamlet, gives Carver hints of a psycho drive beneath his righteous scowl.\n---Owen Gleiberman, writing in *Entertainment Weekly*","parent_id":"982c89587e73c73352d1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"982c89587e73c73352d1:5","document_content":"# Seraphim Falls\n### Critical response\nIn a mixed review, Christy Lemire writing in the *Deseret News* mused about the lead characters, stating, \\\"Their climactic confrontation is visually arresting in its starkness. But as an anti-war statement, a call to lay down arms that\\'s clearly intended to be relevant today, it\\'s a bit too clunky in its literalism.\\\" She ultimately found the film to be \\\"technically solid\\\" but a \\\"dramatically unremarkable Western\\\". Todd McCarthy of the *Variety* staff believed the film was \\\"nothing rousing or new\\\" and that Brosnan along with Neeson wouldn\\'t be enough \\\"to muster more than modest theatrical B.O. for this very physical but familiar oater.\\\" He did however reserve praise for the cinematography noting, \\\"Its physical beauty notwithstanding -- Toll\\'s work, which emphasizes the blues and greens of the forests, is always a pleasure to behold\\\". The film was not without its supporters. Claudia Puig writing for *USA Today* offered an almost entirely positive review recalling how she thought the film was a \\\"psychological drama with an intriguing ambiguity that challenges the viewer\\'s loyalties and preconceived notions.\\\" She remarked that the storyline was an \\\"elaborate and relentless chase that takes those involved into primal psychological terrain.\\\"","parent_id":"982c89587e73c73352d1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"982c89587e73c73352d1:6","document_content":"# Seraphim Falls\n### Critical response\nStephen Holden writing in *The New York Times* applauded some of the realism displayed in the film, commenting, \\\"Nothing in the rest of the film comes close to matching the impact of Gideon's carving the bullet from his arm with his hunting knife, then cauterizing the wound while emitting agonizing howls. This scene is enough to give you vicarious hypothermia.\\\" He also expressed his satisfaction with the visual attributes of the picture by saying \\\"Its strongest element is the austere majesty of the cinematography by John Toll (*\\\"Braveheart,\\\"* *\\\"Legends of the Fall,\\\"* *\\\"The Thin Red Line\\\"*), in which the severe beauty of the Western landscape looms over the characters as a silent rebuke.\\\" Critic Josh Rosenblatt, writing for *The Austin Chronicle* viewed *Seraphim Falls* as \\\"Meditative, beautifully shot, and blessed with a healthy dose of cynicism\\\" and a \\\"morality play without the morality and a Western Purgatorio that, in the end, demands its protagonists resign themselves to their loneliness and brutality and avail themselves of the redemptive power of sheer exhaustion.\\\" Kevin Crust of the *Los Angeles Times* gave the film a somewhat mixed rating calling it \\\"A beautifully shot chase film by writer-director David Von Ancken and co-writer Abby Everett Jaques, it moves along with minimalist efficiency\\\" but overall admitting it ran out of \\\"gas during an overlong allegorical final section.\\\" Author Joshua Rothkopf of *Time Out* commented that the film \\\"has all the good looks of its wintry Oregon locales, not to mention the equally craggy faces of Liam Neeson and a grizzled-up Pierce Brosnan, embroiled in a Fugitive-like pursuit with the latter on the run.\\\"\nWhen actors of Neeson and Brosnan\\'s quality stoop to material so obviously beneath them, a lashing at least might be in order.\n---Ruthe Stein, writing for the *San Francisco Chronicle*","parent_id":"982c89587e73c73352d1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"982c89587e73c73352d1:7","document_content":"# Seraphim Falls\n### Critical response\nPeter Rainer of *The Christian Science Monitor* highlighted the film\\'s merits by declaring that it was \\\"essentially one long, bleak stalk-and-kill action thriller. From the rugged snowscapes to the cracked desert vistas, director David Von Ancken and cinematographer John Toll serve up a whole lot of eye candy from the great outdoors.\\\" He added, \\\"The film functions as a kind of survivalists\\' guide, and there\\'s a morbid pleasure in seeing how Gideon extricates himself from one impossible situation after another.\\\" Alternately though, columnist Joe Morgenstern of *The Wall Street Journal* sadly mentioned, \\\"things take a turn from simplicity to sententiousness, then to surreal silliness, and finally to a mano-\u00e0-mano contest, on a parched desert floor, over which man gets the best close-ups.\\\"\nFollowing its cinematic release in 2007, *Seraphim Falls* received a nomination from the Gotham Awards for the Breakthrough Director Award. In 2008, the film won the \\\"Best Specialty Stunt\\\" award from the Taurus World Stunt Awards for Mark Vanselow and Craig Hosking.","parent_id":"982c89587e73c73352d1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"982c89587e73c73352d1:8","document_content":"# Seraphim Falls\n### Box office\nThe film premiered in cinemas on January 26, 2007, in limited release throughout the U.S.. During its opening weekend, the film opened in a distant 42nd place grossing \\$155,560 in business showing at 52 locations. The comedy film, *Epic Movie* came in first place during that weekend grossing \\$18,612,544. The film\\'s revenue dropped by 49% in its second week of release, earning \\$79,181. For that particular weekend, the film fell to 48th place screening in 48 theaters. The film *The Messengers*, unseated *Epic Movie* to open in first place grossing \\$14,713,321 in box office revenue. During its final weekend in release, *Seraphim Falls* opened in 73rd place with \\$10,526 in revenue. The film went on to top out domestically at \\$418,296 in total ticket sales through a 6-week theatrical run. Internationally, the film took in an additional \\$801,762 in box office business for a combined worldwide total of \\$1,220,058. For 2007 as a whole, the film would cumulatively rank at a box office performance position of 276.\n\n### Home media\nFollowing its cinematic release in theaters, the Region 1 Code widescreen edition of the film was released on DVD in the United States on May 15, 2007. Special features for the DVD include; Audio commentary with Pierce Brosnan, writer-director David Von Ancken and production designer Michael Hanan; and a \\\"Behind the Scenes of Seraphim Falls\\\" featurette. Currently, there are several European Blu-ray releases of the film, although it is also available in other media formats such as video on demand.\n- List of Western films of the 2000s","parent_id":"982c89587e73c73352d1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5f0af190c3ba730e4759:0","document_content":"# Zathura: A Space Adventure\n***Zathura: A Space Adventure*** (also known simply as ***Zathura***) is a 2005 American science fiction adventure film directed by Jon Favreau. It is an adaptation of the 2002 children\\'s book *Zathura* by Chris Van Allsburg, author of the 1981 children\\'s book *Jumanji*. It is a standalone spin-off of the 1995 film *Jumanji* and the second installment of the *Jumanji* franchise. The film stars Josh Hutcherson, Jonah Bobo, Dax Shepard, Kristen Stewart, and Tim Robbins.\nThe story is about two brothers, Walter and Danny Budwing (portrayed by Hutcherson and Bobo respectively), who find a mysterious board game in the basement, which transports their house into outer space. Along with their older sister Lisa (Stewart) and an astronaut (Shepard), they try to survive the game so they can return home.\nThe film was shot in Los Angeles and Culver City, California, and was released on November 11, 2005 in the United States. Unlike *Jumanji*, which was distributed by TriStar Pictures, the film was distributed by Columbia Pictures, which is co-owned with TriStar through Sony Pictures Entertainment. It received positive reviews from critics, but was not commercially successful, grossing \\$65.1 million worldwide against a production budget of \\$65 million.\nWalter and Danny are two brothers who do not get along with each other or with their cantankerous teenage sister, Lisa. While their divorced father is away at work and Lisa, whom he left in charge, is napping, Danny discovers an old science fiction-themed board game called *Zathura* in the basement. When he starts playing, the game produces a card that details a meteor shower. After an actual meteor shower occurs in the living room, Walter and Danny realize the game is affecting reality.","parent_id":"5f0af190c3ba730e4759","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5f0af190c3ba730e4759:1","document_content":"# Zathura: A Space Adventure\nThe boys discover the house is floating in outer space. Lisa thinks she has overslept and it is evening and prepares to go out. The next card puts her in cryonic sleep for the next five turns of the game, leaving her frozen solid. Walter soon concludes they must win the game to return everything to normal. As they continue to play, Walter and Danny overcome the dangers presented by the game, including the appearance of a defective robot, passing too close to a star, and an attack on the house by a race of reptilian aliens called Zorgons. One of Danny\\'s turns causes an astronaut to appear, who methodically eliminates the house\\'s heat sources, as the Zorgons are attracted to heat. He tells Walter to blow out the pilot light on the furnace, but Walter does not do so, out of fear of getting attacked by the robot. The astronaut lures the Zorgons\\' ship away by setting the boys\\' father\\'s couch on fire and ejecting it from the house.\nWalter demands that the astronaut leave, but Danny chooses to let him stay. Growing increasingly agitated, Walter accuses Danny of cheating by supposedly moving his piece prematurely; when Walter tries to move the piece back and takes his next turn, the game reacts as if Walter was cheating and ejects him from the house, but the astronaut rescues him. On Walter\\'s next turn, he receives a card that brings a shooting star that allows him to make a wish, resulting in another heated argument between the boys. The astronaut warns Walter not to make a wish out of anger. Fearing the worst, the astronaut is relieved to discover that Walter merely wished for an autographed football. He explains his origins, saying that he and his brother had played the game fifteen years before. He received the shooting star card that allowed him to make a wish, but after an escalating fight, he wished his brother was never born. This resulted in him being trapped, as he was unable to finish the game without the second player. Upon hearing this, Danny and Walter finally put their differences aside.","parent_id":"5f0af190c3ba730e4759","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5f0af190c3ba730e4759:2","document_content":"# Zathura: A Space Adventure\nLisa awakens from her stasis and, still oblivious to the situation, turns up the heat. The Zorgons return and anchor their ships to the house. Lisa finally discovers the predicament and the quartet hide, but realize that they left the game behind. Danny finds the game aboard one of the Zorgon ships, but is spotted. Walter uses a \\\"Reprogram\\\" card he drew earlier to fix the robot, who attacks the Zorgons instead, causing them to retreat.\nWalter receives another wish card; he uses it to bring the astronaut\\'s brother back into existence in gratitude for his help and support and he appears, and looks similar to Danny. The astronaut reveals he is actually an older version of Walter from an alternate timeline and commends his past self for making a better choice than he did. The astronaut and the alternate Danny merge with their counterparts as the timeline changes.\nThe Zorgons return to the house with a massive fleet, intent on destroying it. When Danny makes the winning move, it is revealed that Zathura is a black hole, which proceeds to suck up the Zorgons\\' fleet and the house. The siblings find themselves back in the house as it was before the brothers started the game, just as their father returns home. Their bond renewed, they promise to each other and Lisa to not tell anyone about the game and their adventure. After they leave with their mother, Walter\\'s bicycle, which had been orbiting their house, falls from the sky.\n- Josh Hutcherson as Walter\n- Jonah Bobo as Danny\n- Dax Shepard as Astronaut\n- Kristen Stewart as Lisa\n- Tim Robbins as Dad\n- Frank Oz as the voice of Robot\nAdditionally, John Alexander performed as the Robot, Derek Mears as Lead Zorgon, and Douglas Tait, Joe Bucaro, and Jeff Wolfe, portray individual Zorgons.\nDirector Jon Favreau acknowledged the influence of other films saying *Zathura* had some bits like *Star Wars*, *Indiana Jones*, *Battle Beyond the Stars*, and *Superman*. Favreau was aware of Dax Shepard from the TV series *Punk\\'d* but was convinced to cast him because Mike Judge put him in *Idiocracy* and because of his background in improvisation with The Groundlings that Will Ferrell had also come out of.","parent_id":"5f0af190c3ba730e4759","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5f0af190c3ba730e4759:3","document_content":"# Zathura: A Space Adventure\nFavreau preferred to use practical effects instead of computer generated imagery (CGI) in the film. He said, \\\"it\\'s so fun to actually shoot real spaceships or have a real robot running around on the set, or real Zorgons built by Stan Winston. It gives the actors, especially young actors, so much to work off of\\\". Dax Shepard, who plays the astronaut, said he would not have been interested in doing the film if the effects had been CGI-based. Actor Kristen Stewart enjoyed the on-set effects, saying, \\\"When we harpooned walls and ripped them out, we were really doing it. When there was a fire on set, there was really fire,\\\" and that \\\"the only green screen I was ever involved with was for getting sucked out into the black hole.\\\" The exteriors for the house were filmed at Oaklawn Avenue, South Pasadena.\nMiniature models were used to create the spaceships; Favreau enjoyed using techniques used in many earlier films, such as the *Star Wars* trilogy. in some shots the Zorgon ships were computer-generated, and in many of the scenes digital effects were used to create, for example, meteors and planets, and limbs for the robot suit built by Stan Winston Studios. CGI was used to augment the Zorgon suits, which were constructed so that the head came out of the front of the suit where the actor\\'s chest was and the actor wore a blue screen hood over his own head, and to create an entirely computer-generated Zorgon for one scene. A full life size frozen model of Kristen Stewart was also made by Stan Winston Studios, she described the process of modeling and being scanned to make it as arduous, it included details down to the freckles on her arm, and called the result an incredible experience, comparing it to having a twin. Real goats were used and extra eyes were later added using CGI. According to visual effects supervisor Pete Travers, from Sony Pictures Imageworks, it \\\"was a very important aspect of the effects\\\" to retain the stylized \\\"1950s sci-fi look\\\" from Van Allsburg\\'s book, and was inspired by the pointillist style in painting.","parent_id":"5f0af190c3ba730e4759","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5f0af190c3ba730e4759:4","document_content":"# Zathura: A Space Adventure\nFavreau says the most complicated shot in the film was when the house was caught in the gravity field of Tsouris-3. The stage was mounted on top of a gimbal off the ground, and the gimbal allowed the set to be tilted close to 40 degrees. All the cast and crew had to be safely secured with cables and harnesses. Favreau called it \\\"an overwhelming experience\\\".\nFavreau discouraged the notion that the film is a sequel to the 1995 film *Jumanji*, having not particularly liked the film. Both he and author Chris Van Allsburg---who also wrote the book upon which *Jumanji* is based---stated *Zathura* is very different from *Jumanji*. The film was marketed by the studio as taking place within the same fictional universe, and series actor Jack Black considers it the second installment of the *Jumanji* franchise. Author Chris Van Allsburg attributed the lack of box office success to marketing and timing.\nThe studio marketed the release of the film in an attempt to generate word of mouth with tie-ins, including an episode of *The Apprentice*. Favreau appeared as a guest judge, the show\\'s two teams were assigned the task of designing and building a float to publicize the film.\nFavreau attended Comic Con for the first time to promote the film.\nThe film was released on VHS and DVD in 2006, and a Bluray 10th Anniversary edition was released in 2015.\n\n### Box office\nWith its \\$65 million budget, *Zathura: A Space Adventure* was considered a flop, grossing \\$13,427,872 in its opening weekend, while the holdover Disney animated film, *Chicken Little* earned more than twice as much that weekend. The film lost 62% of its audience the following weekend, in part due to the opening of *Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire*. *Zathura* ended its theatrical run with a gross of \\$29,258,869. The international box office total was \\$35,820,235, bringing its total worldwide gross to \\$65,079,104.","parent_id":"5f0af190c3ba730e4759","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5f0af190c3ba730e4759:5","document_content":"# Zathura: A Space Adventure\n### Critical response\nOn Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 76% based on 161 reviews, and an average rating of 6.54\/10. The website\\'s critical consensus reads, \\\"Dazzling special effects for the kids + well-crafted storytelling for the parents = cinematic satisfaction for the whole family.\\\" On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 67 out of 100, based on reviews from 30 critics, indicating \\\"generally favorable reviews\\\". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of \\\"B+\\\" on an A+ to F scale.\nRoger Ebert of the *Chicago Sun-Times* gave it 3 out of 4 stars, praised Favreau, and wrote: \\\"*Zathura* lacks the undercurrents of archetypal menace and genuine emotion \\... but it works gloriously as space opera.\\\"\nJustin Chang of Variety magazine said it was \\\"arguably the best adaptation of a Chris Van Allsburg book to date\\\" and praised \\\"Favreau\\'s amiably low-key sense of humor and assured handling of well-trod emotional territory.\\\" John DeFore of The Hollywood Reporter called it a \\\"rare beast \\-- a family film that even childless adults can enjoy\\\", and praised the performances both from child actors and from Dax Shepard. Stephen Holden of *The New York Times* said *Zathura* richly gratifies the fantasy of children; \\\"not just to play a board game, but to project themselves into its world\\\". Desson Thomson of *The Washington Post* wrote that *Zathura* has \\\"an appealing, childlike sense of wonder\\\".\nThe connection to *Jumanji* may have been a disadvantage, with critics such as Luke Baumgarten for the *Inlander* referring to it as \\\"*Jumanji* in space without Robin Williams\\\".\n\n### Accolades\nZathura was nominated for two Saturn Awards, for Best Fantasy Film, and Josh Hutcherson for Best Performance by a Younger Actor.","parent_id":"5f0af190c3ba730e4759","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5f0af190c3ba730e4759:6","document_content":"# Zathura: A Space Adventure\n### Accolades\nAt the Hollywood Film Awards Avy Kaufman won the award for Casting Director of the Year, for her work on Capote, Brokeback Mountain, Get Rich or Die Tryin\\', Syriana, and Zathura.\nAt Young Artist Awards Josh Hutcherson won in the category \\\"Best Performance in a Feature Film (Comedy or Drama)\\\" by a Leading Young Actor, and Jonah Bobo was nominated in the category \\\"Best Performance in a Feature Film\\\" by a Young Actor Age Ten or Younger.\n\n### Legacy\nIn a 2018 review for Den of Geek, Tim George called it \\\"a terrific movie worthy of reappraisal\\\" praising the witty, efficient script, sense of directorial whimsy, and focus on character over special effects.\nFavreau said the film wasn\\'t released so much as it \\\"escaped\\\". He further described the experience: \\\"After the highs of the success of Elf, Zathura was sobering and, though it was well-received by the critics and I learned a tremendous amount about visual effects, the grim reality of the movie business hit me like a bucket of cold water.\\\"\nJack Black expressed interest in the possibility of the franchise returning to space. Hiram Garcia, a producer of the Jumanji sequels, said the game contained multiple universes and that the Bazaar introduced in the 2017 film was added to be a central hub for a larger game universe that the core characters would not know about, and that it could even go into space.\nThe film is based on the illustrated children\\'s book *Zathura* by Chris Van Allsburg and to tie-in with the film several other books were released including a novelization *Zathura: The Movie -- Junior Novel* as well as several other activity and play books.\nA board game that sought to mimic the film\\'s eponymous game was released by Pressman Toy Corporation. Titled *Zathura: Adventure is Waiting*, the game incorporated a spring-driven, clockwork card delivery mechanism, an astronaut, the Zorgons, the haywire robot and the disintegrating house in various ways.\nA video-game tie-in was released on November 3, 2005, developed by High Voltage Software and published by 2K Games for PlayStation 2 and Xbox. The games received \\\"generally unfavorable reviews\\\".","parent_id":"5f0af190c3ba730e4759","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8f13ea65bec27b03da2b:0","document_content":"# The 14 Amazons\n***The 14 Amazons*** is a 1972 Hong Kong *wuxia* film directed by Cheng Kang and produced by the Shaw Brothers Studio. The award winning film featured a predominantly female cast. The story is about the female generals of the Yang Family.\nThe film\\'s Chinese title is . Its alternative title is The Fourteen Amazons. It is also known as Les 14 Amazones, in French. The film is a historical drama martial arts film that sets in the Sing dynasty.\nThe Yang family, men and women, had served their country (Song Dynasty) loyally for generations. During the war with Western Xia, General Yang Tsung-pao is ambushed and killed. His death leaves his only son, Yang Wen as the only male heir left to the Yang family. His widow, Mu Kuei-ying, the grand matriarch and the entire family set out to avenge his death and defend the country. Due to the interference of a corrupt official, Wang Ching, the Yangs were unable to have the emperor\\'s consent to use the imperial army.\nThus, they set off with whatever volunteer troops they could muster. Knowing of Mu Kuei-ying\\'s reputation as a warrior and tactician, the king of West Hsia and his sons try various ways to stop her to no avail. They are outsmarted at the end as Mu Kuei-ying, the Yang family and Sung soldiers successfully storm their stronghold.","parent_id":"8f13ea65bec27b03da2b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8f13ea65bec27b03da2b:1","document_content":"# The 14 Amazons\n- Ivy Ling Po as Mu Guiying\n- Lily Ho as Yang Wenguang\n- Lisa Lu as She Saihua\n- Yueh Hua as L\u00fc Chao\n- Chen Yen-yen as Geng Jinhua\n- Lin Ching as Zou Lanying\n- Hsia Ping as Dong Yue\\'e\n- Betty Ting as Huang Qiongn\u00fc\n- Huang Chin-feng as Ma Saiying\n- Ouyang Sha-fei as Chai Meirong\n- Tina Chin Fei as Du Jin\\'e\n- Lee Ching as \\\"8th sister\\\" Yang Yanqi\n- Yeh Ling-chih as \\\"9th sister\\\" Yang Yanying\n- Wang Ping as Yang Qiuju\n- Liu Wu-chih as Yang Qiulan\n- Shu Pei-pei as Yang Paifeng\n- Ku Wen-tsung as Yang Hong\n- Fan Mei-sheng as Jiao Tinggui\n- Huang Chun-hsing as Meng Huaiyuan\n- Tien Feng as Wang Wen\n- Wang Hsieh as Wang Wen\\'s 1st son\n- Nam Seok-hun as Wang Wen\\'s 2nd son\n- Tien Ching as Wang Wen\\'s 3rd son\n- Chin Pei as Wang Wen\\'s 4th son\n- Lo Lieh as Wang Wen\\'s 5th son\n- Tsung Hua as Yang Zongbao\n- Yang Chih-ching as Kou Zhun\n- Ching Miao as Wang Qin\n- Yang Ai-hua as Pearl\n- Ting Chien as Shen Gu\n- Eric Zeng Zhiwei as Soldier\n- Michelle Yim - Yang female soldier\n- 1973 Best Feature Film - Runner Up. 11th Golden Horse Awards.\n- 1973 Cheng Kang won Best Director. 11th Golden Horse Awards.\n- 1973 Lisa Lu won Best Supporting Actress. 11th Golden Horse Awards.\n- 1973 Wang Yung-hua won Best Sound Effects. 11th Golden Horse Awards.\n- 1973 Lily Ho won Outstanding Female Lead Performance. 19th Asian Film Festival.","parent_id":"8f13ea65bec27b03da2b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e372f005782de1ec34d4:0","document_content":"# Inside the Forbidden City\n***Inside The Forbidden City*** is a 1965 Hong Kong Huangmei opera musical film. Depicted is the famous tale known as \\\"Civet for Crown Prince\\\" which allegedly took place in China\\'s Song Dynasty.\nWhile passing through the town of Caoqiao, the famous Song Dynasty official Bao Zheng is stopped by a villager on behalf of his blind mother. Bao discovers that the blind woman was Consort Li, a concubine of the late Emperor Zhenzong.\nTwenty years ago, right after Li gave birth to a son, a jealous rival Consort Liu conspired with eunuch Guo Huai to have the infant swapped with a dead civet. She then ordered her maid Kou Zhu to throw the baby into the river. At the Jinshui Bridge, a hesitant Kou was approached by eunuch Chen Lin. Chen was able to carry the infant to Eighth Imperial Prince, one of Zhenzong\\'s brothers, who raised the baby as one of his own. Eventually the baby became crown prince as Zhenzong had no other sons.\nAs a result of giving birth to a monster, Li was banished to Yu Chen Palace, while Liu was elevated to the status of Empress. One day, the 10-year-old crown prince wandered to the forbidden palace and met Li. Liu came upon them and became suspicious. She convinced Zhenzong that Li was cursed and needed to be burned to death along with her palace. Kou ran off to warn Li and was interrogated harshly when she returned. After Kou killed herself by slamming into a pillar, Guo and the soldiers went to Yu Chen Palace to carry out the burning order, when they saw a hanged body with Li\\'s clothing. Unbeknownst to them, eunuch Yu Zhong had sacrificed himself, allowing Li to escape.\nThe crown prince had become Emperor Renzong, and Bao uses the Lantern Festival for an opportunity to tell him the story. Then, Bao tricks Guo to the Kaifeng court but Guo stubbornly refuses to confess. Playing on Guo\\'s fear of the supernatural, Bao invokes the \\\"Ghost of Kou Zhu\\\" to finally get a confession. Liu is ordered to commit suicide while Renzong welcomes his mother back to the palace.","parent_id":"e372f005782de1ec34d4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e372f005782de1ec34d4:1","document_content":"# Inside the Forbidden City\n- Ivy Ling Po as Kou Zhu\n- Cheng Miu as Bao Zheng\n- Go Bo-shu as Consort Liu\n- Ouyang Sha-fei as Consort Li\n- Chan Yau-san as Guo Huai\n- Goo Man-chung as Chen Lin\n- Chin Feng as Emperor Zhenzong of Song & Emperor Renzong of Song\n- Yeung Chi-hing as Eighth Prince\n- Chan Wan-ma as Princess Di\n- Tien Feng as Pang Ji\n- Fan Dan as Bao Xing\n- Fung Ngai as Wang Chao\n- Kwan Yan as Ma Han\n- Tsui Kwan-sang as Zhang Long\n- Wong Nin as Zhao Hu\n- Fuk Yan-cheng as Qin Feng\n- Lee Ching as Ghost of Kou Zhu\n\n### Huangmei opera dubbing\n- Ivy Ling Po as Kou Zhu\n- Tsui Ping as Consort Li\n- Kiang Hung as Bao Zheng","parent_id":"e372f005782de1ec34d4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d12dbbf9fcf2edb3fde0:0","document_content":"# Jumanji\n***Jumanji*** is a 1995 American fantasy adventure film directed by Joe Johnston from a screenplay by Jonathan Hensleigh, Greg Taylor, and Jim Strain. Loosely based on Chris Van Allsburg\\'s picture book of the same name, the film is the first installment of the *Jumanji* franchise. It stars Robin Williams, Bonnie Hunt, Kirsten Dunst, Jonathan Hyde, and David Alan Grier.\nThe story centers on a supernatural board game that releases jungle-based hazards upon its players with every turn they take. As a boy in 1969, Alan Parrish became trapped inside the game itself while playing with his friend, Sarah Whittle. Twenty-six years later, siblings Judy and Peter Shepherd find the game, begin playing and then unwittingly release the now-adult Alan. After tracking down Sarah, the quartet resolves to finish the game in order to reverse all of the destruction it has caused.\nThe film was released on December 15, 1995, to mixed-to-positive reviews, but was a box office success, grossing \\$263 million worldwide on a budget of approximately \\$65 million. It was the 10th highest-grossing film of 1995.\nThe film spawned an animated television series, which aired from 1996 to 1999, and was followed by a related film, *Zathura: A Space Adventure* (2005), and two indirect sequels, *Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle* (2017) and *Jumanji: The Next Level* (2019), with Columbia Pictures taking over distribution for all subsequent films.\nIn 1969, Alan Parrish lives with his parents Sam and Carol in Brantford, New Hampshire. One day, he escapes a group of bullies and retreats to Sam\\'s shoe factory. He meets his friend, Carl Bentley, who reveals a new shoe prototype he made by himself. Alan misplaces the shoe and damages a conveyor belt, but Carl takes responsibility and loses his job. After the bullies attack Alan and steal his bicycle, Alan follows the sound of tribal drumbeats to a construction site. He finds a board game called *Jumanji*, which was buried 100 years earlier, and brings it home.","parent_id":"d12dbbf9fcf2edb3fde0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d12dbbf9fcf2edb3fde0:1","document_content":"# Jumanji\nThat night, after arguing with Sam about attending a boarding school, Alan plans to run away, but his friend, Sarah Whittle, returns his bicycle. Alan shows her *Jumanji* and invites her to play. With each roll of the dice, the game piece moves by itself and a cryptic message describing the roll\\'s outcome appears in the crystal ball at the center of the board. After Alan inadvertently rolls a five, a message tells him to wait in a jungle until someone rolls a five or eight, and he is sucked into the game. Afterwards, a swarm of bats appears and chases Sarah out of the mansion.\nTwenty-six years later, Judy and Peter Shepherd move into the now-vacant Parrish mansion with their aunt, Nora, after their parents died in an accident on a ski trip in Canada the winter before. Discovering *Jumanji* in the attic, Judy and Peter begin playing it. Their rolls summons a swarm of giant mosquitoes and a group of monkeys. The game rules state everything will be restored when the game ends, so they continue playing. Peter next rolls a five which releases a lion and a grown up Alan. As Alan makes his way out, he meets Carl, who is now working as a police officer. Alan, Judy, and Peter go to the now-abandoned shoe factory and learn that Sam abandoned the business to search for his son after his disappearance, until his 1991 death. Eventually, the factory closed, sending Brantford into economic decline.\nRealizing they need Sarah to finish the game, the three locate Sarah, now haunted by both *Jumanji* and Alan\\'s disappearance, and persuade her to join them. Sarah\\'s first move releases fast-growing carnivorous plants which grab Peter, who was saved by Alan. Alan\\'s next move releases a big-game hunter named Van Pelt, whom Alan first met in the game's inner world and start to hunt. The next roll summons a stampede of rhinos, elephants and zebras, after avoiding the stampede, a pelican steals the game and takes it to a river. Van Pelt begins to hunt Alan again after he bought a new gun from a gun store. Peter retrieves the game, but Alan is arrested by Carl. Peter starts to transform into a monkey after he tried to cheat the game. Back in town, the monkeys and the stampede wreaks havoc, and Van Pelt steals the game.","parent_id":"d12dbbf9fcf2edb3fde0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d12dbbf9fcf2edb3fde0:2","document_content":"# Jumanji\nPeter, Sarah, and Judy track Van Pelt to a department store, where they set booby traps to subdue him and retrieve the game, while Alan, after revealing his identity to Carl, is set free. When the four return to the mansion, it is now completely overrun by jungle wildlife. They release one calamity after another such as a monsoon where they were attacked by crocodiles, quicksand which Alan and Sarah gets stuck, giant spiders that attack them, and an earthquake which splits the house in half. Suddenly Van Pelt arrives and prepares to kill Alan, however Alan drops the dice, and wins the game which causes everything that happened as a result of the game to be reversed.\nAlan and Sarah return to 1969, just in time for Alan to reconcile with Sam, who tells him that he does not have to attend boarding school. Alan also admits his responsibility for damaging the conveyor belt. After realizing that they have memories of the game, Alan and Sarah throw *Jumanji* into the river, then share a kiss.\nIn an alternate version of the present, Alan and Sarah are married and expecting their first child. Alan\\'s parents are still alive and Alan is now successfully running the family business. Alan and Sarah meet Judy, Peter, and their parents Jim and Martha for the first time during a Christmas party. Alan offers Jim a job and convinces them to cancel their upcoming ski trip, averting their deaths.\nMeanwhile, two young girls hear drumbeats while walking on a beach. *Jumanji* is seen lying partially buried in the sand.","parent_id":"d12dbbf9fcf2edb3fde0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d12dbbf9fcf2edb3fde0:3","document_content":"# Jumanji\n- Robin Williams as Alan Parrish, a man who has been trapped in *Jumanji* for twenty-six years.\n  - Adam Hann-Byrd portrays the young Alan.\n- Bonnie Hunt as Sarah Whittle, a psychic who encountered *Jumanji* in 1969.\n  - Laura Bell Bundy plays the young Sarah.\n- Kirsten Dunst as Judy Shepherd, a young girl who resides in the Parrish house in 1995 and is also Peter\\'s older sister.\n- Bradley Pierce as Peter Shepherd, Judy\\'s younger brother.\n- Jonathan Hyde as Sam Parrish, Alan\\'s father and the owner of Parrish shoe factory in 1969\n  - Hyde also portrays Van Pelt, a big-game hunter who resides in *Jumanji*.\n- David Alan Grier as Carl \\\"The Sole-man\\\" Bentley, a police officer who previously worked at the Parrish shoe factory.\nIn addition to the main cast, the film features Bebe Neuwirth as Nora Shepherd, Judy and Peter\\'s aunt who resides in the Parrish house in 1995. The cast also includes Malcolm Stewart and Annabel Kershaw as Judy and Peter\\'s parents Jim and Martha Shepherd, respectively. Carol Parrish, Alan\\'s mother, is played by Patricia Clarkson. Darryl Henriques portrays gun salesman Ralph Smigel and James Handy appears as an exterminator. Gary Joseph Thorup portrays Billy Jessup, a bully and Sarah\\'s ex-boyfriend.\nWhile Peter Guber was visiting Boston, he invited author Chris Van Allsburg, who lives in Providence, Rhode Island, to option his book. Van Allsburg wrote one of the screenplay\\'s drafts, which he described as \\\"sort of trying to imbue the story with a quality of mystery and surrealism\\\". Van Allsburg added that the studio nearly abandoned the project if not for his film treatment, which earned him a story credit given it added story material that was not from the book.","parent_id":"d12dbbf9fcf2edb3fde0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d12dbbf9fcf2edb3fde0:4","document_content":"# Jumanji\nTriStar Pictures agreed to finance the film on the condition that Robin Williams plays the starring role. Williams turned down the role based on the first script he was given, but director Joe Johnston and screenwriters Jonathan Hensleigh, Greg Taylor and Jim Strain undertook extensive rewrites and Williams accepted. Johnston had reservations over casting Williams because of the actor\\'s reputation for improvisation, fearing that he wouldn\\'t adhere to the script. However, Williams understood that it was \\\"a tightly structured story\\\" and filmed the scenes as outlined in the script, often filming duplicate scenes afterwards where he was allowed to improvise with Bonnie Hunt.\nTom Hanks was the first choice to play Alan Parrish but turned it down due to his commitments to *Apollo 13*. Other stars were considered, including: Dan Aykroyd, Bruce Willis, Michael Keaton, Kevin Kline, Chevy Chase, Sean Penn, Kevin Costner, Richard Dreyfuss, Michael Douglas, Rupert Everett, Harrison Ford, Sean Connery, Bill Paxton, Bryan Cranston, Arnold Schwarzenegger and Alec Baldwin. Willis was unavailable because he was working on *Die Hard with a Vengeance*.\nKirstie Alley was considered for Sarah Whittle while Scarlett Johansson auditioned for Judy Shepherd.\nShooting took place in various New England locales, mainly Keene, New Hampshire, which represented the story\\'s fictional town of Brantford, New Hampshire, and North Berwick, Maine, where the Olde Woolen Mill stood in for the Parrish Shoe Factory. Additional filming took place in Vancouver, British Columbia, where a mock-up of the Parrish house was built.\nSpecial effects were a combination of more traditional techniques like puppetry and animatronics (provided by Amalgamated Dynamics) with state-of-the-art digital effects overseen by Industrial Light & Magic. ILM developed two new software programs specifically for *Jumanji*, one called iSculpt, which allowed the illustrators to create realistic facial expressions on the computer-generated animals in the film, and another that for the first time created realistic digital hair, used on the monkeys and lion. Actor Bradley Pierce (Peter) underwent three and a half hours of prosthetic makeup application daily for a period of two and a half months to film the scenes where he transformed into a monkey.","parent_id":"d12dbbf9fcf2edb3fde0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d12dbbf9fcf2edb3fde0:5","document_content":"# Jumanji\nThe film was dedicated to visual effects supervisor Stephen L. Price, who died before the film\\'s release.\n*Jumanji* was released in theaters on December 15, 1995.\n\n### Home media\n*Jumanji* was first released on VHS on May 14, 1996, and re-released as a Collector\\'s Series DVD on January 25, 2000. In the UK, the film was also released on DVD as a special edition bundled with the *Jumanji* board game. The film was first released on Blu-ray on June 28, 2011, and re-released as a 20th Anniversary Edition on September 14, 2015. A restored version was released on December 5, 2017 on Blu-ray and 4K UHD to coincide with the premiere of the sequel, *Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle*.\n\n### Box office\n*Jumanji* did well at the box office, opening at No.\u00a01 and earning \\$100.5 million in the United States and Canada and an additional \\$162.3 million overseas, bringing the worldwide gross to \\$262.8 million.\n\n### Critical response\nOn Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 52% from 46 reviews, with an average rating of 6\/10. The site\\'s consensus reads: \\\"A feast for the eyes with a somewhat shaky plot, *Jumanji* is a good adventure that still offers a decent amount of fun for the whole family\\\". On Metacritic the film has a weighted average score of 39 out of 100, based on 18 critics, indicating \\\"generally unfavorable reviews\\\". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of \\\"A\u2212\\\" on an A+ to F scale.","parent_id":"d12dbbf9fcf2edb3fde0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d12dbbf9fcf2edb3fde0:6","document_content":"# Jumanji\n### Critical response\nRoger Ebert rated the film one-and-a-half out of four stars, criticizing its reliance on special effects to convey its story which he felt was lacking. He questioned the decision to rate the film PG rather than PG-13 as he felt that young children would be traumatized by much of the film\\'s imagery, which he said made the film \\\"about as appropriate for smaller children as, say, *Jaws*\\\". He specifically cited Peter\\'s monkey transformation as making him \\\"look like a Wolf Man\\... with a hairy snout and wicked jaws\\\" that were likely to scare children. Regarding the board game\\'s unleashing one hazard after another at its main characters, Ebert concluded: \\\"It\\'s like those video games where you achieve one level after another by killing and not getting killed. The ultimate level for young viewers will be being able to sit all the way through the movie\\\".\nVan Allsburg approved of the film despite the changes from the book and it not being as \\\"idiosyncratic and peculiar\\\", declaring that \\\"the film is faithful in reproducing the chaos level that comes with having a jungle animal in the house. It\\'s a good movie\\\".\n\n### *Zathura: A Space Adventure*\n*Zathura: A Space Adventure*, the spiritual successor that was marketed as being from the same continuity of the *Jumanji* franchise was released as a feature film in 2005. Unlike the book *Zathura*, the film makes no references to the previous film outside of the marketing statement. Both films are based on books written by Chris Van Allsburg. With the films being based on books that take place in the same series, the films vaguely make reference to that concept from the novels by having a similar concept and themes.","parent_id":"d12dbbf9fcf2edb3fde0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d12dbbf9fcf2edb3fde0:7","document_content":"# Jumanji\n### *Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle*\nA new film, *Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle* is a sequel to the 1995 film. The film contains a whole new set of characters with no original cast from the original film reprising their roles. The film sees four teenagers in 2016 who are stuck in *Jumanji* video game, where as game avatars must finish the game and save Jumanji.\nPlans for a sequel started in the late 1990s by Sony Pictures Entertainment and the original director Ken Ralston, a visual effects supervisor of the original film, was hired to direct a film, with Christmas 2000 release date, but Ralston stepped down and the sequel was cancelled. The development of the sequel again emerged in 2010s upon which then-president of Columbia Pictures Doug Belgrad teased a possibility of the project in July 2012; the project was confirmed three years later in August, with a new director Jake Kasdan directing it and starring Dwayne Johnson. The film was released on December 20, 2017 as a tribute to Robin Williams\\' lead and his character is mentioned within the film.\n\n### *Jumanji: The Next Level*\nA fourth film in the franchise titled, *Jumanji: The Next Level*, a sequel to *Welcome to the Jungle* was released on December 13, 2019. Bebe Neuwirth reprises her role as Nora Shepherd in a cameo at the end of the film.\n\n### Television\nAn animated television series was produced between 1996 and 1999. While it borrowed heavily from the film -- incorporating various characters, locations and props, and modelling Alan\\'s house and the board game on the way they appeared in the film -- the series retcons rather than using the film\\'s storyline. In the series version, on each turn, the players are given a \\\"game clue\\\" and then sucked into the jungle until they solve it. Alan is stuck in *Jumanji* because he has not seen his clue. Judy and Peter try to help him leave the game, providing their motivation during the series, while Sarah is absent from the series, and Alan has a relationship with Aunt Nora instead of Sarah, which, unlike the film, gives a clear explanation about his position as Judy and Peter\\'s uncle.\n\n### Games\n*Jumanji: The Game* is a board game originally published by Milton Bradley Company in the US in 1995.","parent_id":"d12dbbf9fcf2edb3fde0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d12dbbf9fcf2edb3fde0:8","document_content":"# Jumanji\n### Games\nAn updated version with new colorized artwork was released in 2017 by Cardinal Games. Some of the riddle message texts on the danger cards were changed, especially the unique danger messages. That year, designer Rachel Lowe won a British Game of the Year Award (awarded by the Toy Retailers Association) for the game.\n*Jumanji: A Jungle Adventure Game Pack* is a North American-exclusive game for Microsoft Windows that was released on October 9, 1996. It was developed by Studio Interactive and published by Philips Interactive Media. It contains five different action-arcade-based mini-games that are based on popular scenes from the film. Clips of cutscenes from the film can also be viewed. There are five different mini-games that the player can choose from, with different rules and objectives. Animals from the film provide instructions to the player for each mini-game, except for the Treasure Maze mini-game, where the Jumanji board game spirit provides instructions instead. Notably, players cannot play the actual Jumanji board game from the film. All of these mini-games contain rounds (or levels) and when players reach a goal, that level is cleared and the player advances to a more difficult version of the mini-game. The player must try to score as many points as possible, and set the best high score.\nA party video game based on the film was released in Europe for the PlayStation 2 in 2006.\nIn 2007, Fuji Shoji released a Pachinko game, using clips from the film and also 3D rendered CGI anime character designs for the game as part of the screen interaction.\nIndian company Doptale created *Grendhaa* in 2017, a board game incorporating the \\\"real-life effects\\\" of Jumanji.\nThe Noble Collection created a special \\\"Collector\\'s Replica\\\" based on the game\\'s original board game form that also incorporates elements of the game\\'s video game incarnation from the later films.\n\n### Theme Parks\nA Jumanji-themed dark ride is planned to open at Gardaland in the 2022 season, featuring a large animatronic figure.\nIn 2005, *Jumanji* was listed 48 in Channel 4\\'s documentary *100 Greatest Family Films*, just behind *Dumbo*, *Spider-Man* and *Jason & the Argonauts*.","parent_id":"d12dbbf9fcf2edb3fde0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d12dbbf9fcf2edb3fde0:9","document_content":"# Jumanji\n### Theme Parks\nIn 2011, Robin Williams recorded an audiobook for Van Allsburg\\'s book\\'s 30th edition to coincide its release.","parent_id":"d12dbbf9fcf2edb3fde0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"ca362563595eb3e9ca41:0","document_content":"# The Last Man on Earth (1964 film)\n***The Last Man on Earth*** is a 1964 post-apocalyptic science fiction horror film based on the 1954 novel *I Am Legend* by Richard Matheson. The film was produced by Robert L. Lippert and directed by Ubaldo Ragona and Sidney Salkow, and stars Vincent Price and Franca Bettoia. The screenplay was written in part by Matheson, but he was dissatisfied with the result and chose to be credited as \\\"Logan Swanson\\\". William Leicester, Furio M. Monetti, and Ubaldo Ragona finished the script.\n*The Last Man on Earth* was filmed in Rome, with scenes being completed at Esposizione Universale Roma. It was released in the United States by American International Pictures. In the 1980s, the film entered the public domain. MGM Home Video, the current owners of the AIP film catalog, released a digitally remastered widescreen version of the film on DVD in September 2005.\n*The Last Man on Earth*\nIt is 1968, and Dr.\u00a0Robert Morgan lives in a world where everyone else has been infected by a plague that has turned them into undead, vampiric creatures that cannot stand sunlight, fear mirrors, and are repelled by garlic. They would kill Morgan if they could, but they are weak and unintelligent. Every day Morgan carries out the same routine: he wakes up, marks another day on the calendar, gathers his weapons, and then goes hunting for vampires, killing as many as he can and then burning the bodies to prevent them from coming back. At night, he locks himself inside his house.\nA flashback sequence explains that, in December 1965, Morgan\\'s wife Virginia and daughter Kathy had succumbed to the plague before it was widely known by the public that the dead would return to life. Instead of taking his wife to the same public burn pit used to dispose of his daughter\\'s corpse, Morgan buried her without the knowledge of the authorities. When his wife returned to his home and attacked him, Morgan became aware of the need to kill the plague victims with a wooden stake. Morgan hypothesizes that he is immune to the bacteria from a bite by an infected vampire bat when he was stationed in Panama, which may have introduced a diluted form of the plague into his blood.","parent_id":"ca362563595eb3e9ca41","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"ca362563595eb3e9ca41:1","document_content":"# The Last Man on Earth (1964 film)\nOne day, a dog appears in the neighborhood. Desperate for companionship, Morgan chases after the dog but does not catch it. Sometime later the dog appears, wounded, at Morgan\\'s doorstep. He takes the dog into his home and treats its wounds, looking forward to having company for the first time in three years. He quickly discovers, however, that it, too, has become infected with the plague. Morgan starts burying the dog which is now impaled with a wooden stake. He sinks further into depression and loneliness.\nAfter burying the dog, Morgan spots a woman in the distance. The woman, Ruth, is terrified of Morgan at first sight and runs from him. Morgan convinces her to return to his home, but he is suspicious of her true nature. Ruth becomes ill when Morgan waves garlic in her face, who claims that she has a weak stomach. Morgan\\'s suspicion that Ruth is infected is confirmed when he discovers her attempting to inject herself with a combination of blood and vaccine that holds the disease at bay. Ruth initially draws a gun on Morgan but ultimately surrenders it to him. She tells him that she is part of a group of people like herinfected, but under treatmentand was sent to spy on Morgan. The vaccine allows the people to function normally with the drug in the bloodstream, but once it wears off, the infection takes over the body again. Ruth explains that her people are planning to rebuild society as they destroy the remaining humans, and that many of the vampires Morgan killed were still alive. Ruth desperately urges Morgan to flee, but he inexplicably refuses.","parent_id":"ca362563595eb3e9ca41","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"ca362563595eb3e9ca41:2","document_content":"# The Last Man on Earth (1964 film)\nWhile Ruth is asleep, Morgan transfuses his own blood into her. She is immediately cured, and Morgan sees hope that, together, they can cure the rest of her people. Moments later, however, Ruth\\'s people attack. Morgan takes the gun and flees his home while the attackers kill the vampires gathered around Morgan\\'s home. Ruth\\'s people spot Morgan and chase him. He exchanges gunfire with them and picks up tear gas grenades from a police station armory along the way. While the tear gas delays his pursuers somewhat, Morgan is wounded by gunfire and retreats into a church. As he stands at the altar, one of his pursuers finally impales him with a thrown spear. In his final moments, Morgan denounces his pursuers as \\\"freaks\\\" and, as Ruth cradles him, declares that he is the last true man on Earth. As Ruth walks away from Morgan\\'s body, she notices a baby crying and tries to assure the child that everyone is safe now.\nNote that Carolyn De Fonseca, uncredited, dubbed for Franca Bettoia\\'s voice in the English release of the film.\n\n### Development\nProducer Anthony Hinds purchased the rights to Matheson\\'s novel for Hammer Film Productions. Matheson wrote a script, and Hammer announced in 1958 that they would make it. However, British censors would not allow the film to be produced, so Hinds resold the script to American producer Robert L. Lippert.\nLippert had wanted to make a \\\"last man on Earth\\\"-type film for a while. In the late 1950s, Charles Marquis Warren and Robert Stabler optioned a novel by science fiction writer George R. Stewart called *Earth Abides*. Harry Spalding, who worked for Lippert, said the release of *The World, the Flesh and the Devil* (1959) killed off plans for that project. Spalding then read Matheson\\'s novel and suggested Lippert film that book instead. The project was announced in August 1962.\nLippert originally told Matheson that Fritz Lang would direct the film, and Matheson thought that would be \\\"wonderful\\\". Eventually, however, Sidney Salkow was chosen to direct. Matheson made the follow-up comment: \\\"Well, there\\'s a bit of a drop.\\\"","parent_id":"ca362563595eb3e9ca41","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"ca362563595eb3e9ca41:3","document_content":"# The Last Man on Earth (1964 film)\n### Shooting\nTo save money, the film was shot in Italy with a predominantly Italian cast and crew. The climax was shot in San Pio X alla Balduina, a real Catholic church in Rome.\nMatheson later said the film was the most faithful adaptation of his book, but he also called the result \\\"inept\\\" and used a pen name for his screenplay. (He later said he thought Harrison Ford as star and George Miller as director would have been the ideal creative combination\\\".)\nThere are several differences between the film and the novel *I Am Legend* from which it is based:\n- The protagonist of the novel is named Robert Neville, not Robert Morgan.\n- The protagonist\\'s profession is changed from a plant worker to scientist.\n- The vampires are almost zombie-like, whereas in the novel, they are fast and capable of running and climbing.\n- The dog that shows up on Neville\\'s doorstep in the novel is timid and comes and goes as it pleases, in contrast to the dog in the film.\n- In the novel the relationship with Ruth differs slightly, in that no transfusion takes place; a cure seems implausible, even as Neville hopes he will find one; and Ruth escapes after Neville discovers that she is infected.\n- Neville is not captured in the novel until many months later; even then he barely fights back.\n- The novel ends shortly before Neville is to be executed; Ruth returns to give him suicide pills and finds it ironic that he has become as much of a legend to the new society as vampires once were to Neville\\'s world (hence the title).\n- The novel implies that the vampire plague resulted from a biological disease; the origin of the disease is never explained in *The Last Man on Earth* (and is altered in the subsequent adaptations).\nAlthough the film was not considered a success upon its release, it later gained a more favorable reputation as a classic of the genre. As of September 2021, *The Last Man on Earth* holds an 81% rating at the film review aggregator Web site Rotten Tomatoes from 26 reviews. Phil Hall of *Film Threat* called *The Last Man on Earth* \\\"the best Vincent Price movie ever made\\\".","parent_id":"ca362563595eb3e9ca41","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"ca362563595eb3e9ca41:4","document_content":"# The Last Man on Earth (1964 film)\n### Shooting\nAmong the less favorable reviews, Steve Biodrowski of *Cinefantastique* felt the film was \\\"hampered by an obviously low budget and some poorly recorded, post-production dubbing that creates an amateurish feel, undermining the power of its story\\\", while Jonathan Rosenbaum of the *Chicago Reader* remarked, \\\"Some would consider this version better than the 1971 remake with Charlton Heston, *The Omega Man*, but that isn\\'t much of an achievement\\\".\nAmong the film\\'s creators, Price \\\"had a certain fondness for the film\\\" and felt it was better than *The Omega Man*. Richard Matheson co-wrote the film\\'s screenplay, but was unhappy with the results. To keep receiving residual income from the film, though, he had to be credited, so he used the name \\\"Logan Swanson\\\", a combination of his wife\\'s mother\\'s maiden name and his mother\\'s maiden name. Matheson said: \\\"I was disappointed in the film, even though they more or less followed my story. I think Vincent Price, whom I love in every one of his pictures that I wrote, was miscast. I also felt the direction was kind of poor. I just didn't care for it\\\".\n- List of American films of 1964\n- Vampire films\n- *I Am Legend* (2007 film) starring Will Smith\n- *The Omega Man* (1971 film) starring Charlton Heston","parent_id":"ca362563595eb3e9ca41","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fbd198010e3f11480f80:0","document_content":"# Armaan (2003 film)\n***Armaan*** () is a 2003 Indian Hindi-language medical drama film that was co-written and directed by Honey Irani. Starring the ensemble cast of Amitabh Bachchan, Anil Kapoor, Preity Zinta, Gracy Singh, and Randhir Kapoor, the film is set in a hospital and follows the travails of its principal, Dr.Akash (Anil Kapoor), to sustain the institution financially. Meanwhile, a schizophrenic woman named Sonia (Zinta) comes into his life and offers to help by donating to the hospital on the condition that Akash marries her.\nIrani wrote the story of *Armaan* and also wrote the screenplay with Javed Akhtar. Principal photography (handled by Ravi Varman) took place in India and Africa, and Shirish Kunder edited the film. It was released on 16\u00a0May 2003 and declared a commercial failure, only earning against a budget. Although the film garnered mixed reviews, critics praised Irani\\'s direction and the actors\\' performances, particularly those of Bachchan and Zinta. Zinta received nominations for her performance as the film\\'s antagonist at the Filmfare Awards, the Producers Guild Film Awards, and the Screen Awards.\nIn a hospital founded by Dr.\u00a0Siddharth Sinha, he and his adopted son, Akash, work as doctors. Siddharth wishes to run a state-of-the-art hospital, but his profession requires him to dedicate his time to his patients. Soon, a new doctor, Dr.\u00a0Neha Mathur, joins the hospital and falls for Akash. However, the arrival of Sonia Kapoor later changes the relationship between Akash and Neha. Sonia is a jealous, spoilt woman who is used to having things her way, and it is not long before she wants Akash for herself. She decides that since Akash is the man for her, she can win his love with a financial agreement. The agreement states that once Akash marries Sonia, her father Gulshan Kapoor will help finance the hospital.","parent_id":"fbd198010e3f11480f80","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fbd198010e3f11480f80:1","document_content":"# Armaan (2003 film)\nSiddharth dies in an attempt to bring an injured child to the hospital after suffering a heart attack. His last wish is for the hospital to be properly completed. Akash, now burdened with the increasing debts to purchase equipment for the hospital, cannot arrange for further funds. With a broken heart, he agrees to marry Sonia to set up the hospital, thus fulfilling his father\\'s final wish. Neha understands his dilemma and agrees to break up with Akash, but because of her dedication and professionalism, she offers to continue working in the same hospital.\nAfter the marriage, Sonia begins to suspect that Akash is having an affair with Neha, and starts annoying both of them. She cannot stand Neha, who is still working at the hospital, and keeps coming up with all kinds of reasons to get her out. She is involved in a serious accident and has severe brain damage requiring Akash to operate on her. For a moment, he is in a dilemma---curing Sonia would mean again having to face the problems she causes. However, he decides to fulfill his duty as a doctor and Sonia later recovers. She learns that Akash operated on her, despite her behaviour. Sonia asks for Akash\\'s forgiveness and divorces him, allowing him to marry and settle down with Neha.\nCredits adapted from Box Office India:\n- Amitabh Bachchan as Dr.\u00a0Siddharth Sinha\n- Anil Kapoor as Dr.\u00a0Akash Sinha\n- Preity Zinta as Sonia Sinha\n- Gracy Singh as Dr.\u00a0Neha Mathur\n- Randhir Kapoor as Gulshan Kapoor\n- Aamir Bashir as Dr.\u00a0Sanjay","parent_id":"fbd198010e3f11480f80","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fbd198010e3f11480f80:2","document_content":"# Armaan (2003 film)\nHrithik Roshan made a cameo appearance.\nIn April 2002, the entertainment website Rediff.com reported that Honey Irani would make her debut as the director of a then-untitled film. Having written stories and screenplays for many films, she said she had long aspired for a project she could direct. She wanted to feel how directors executed their ideas by themselves with no intervention from others. She spoke of her experiment with her first self-directed film: \\\"It is a great feeling to create a film from the story you have written. It is all about words taking shape in the form of visuals. I just love it\u00a0\\... it is wonderful. I am enjoying it immensely.\\\" According to Irani, she had planned to work on a medical drama---which was later titled *Armaan* ()---to explore peoples\\' innermost desires and relationships. Iran wrote the screenplay with her ex-husband and then-close friend Javed Akhtar, who also wrote the film\\'s dialogues and lyrics, and completed it later that year in September.","parent_id":"fbd198010e3f11480f80","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fbd198010e3f11480f80:3","document_content":"# Armaan (2003 film)\nIrani\\'s daughter, Zoya Akhtar, handled the casting for *Armaan*. When the screenplay was finished, it was announced that Bachchan, Anil Kapoor, Singh, Zinta, and Randhir Kapoor had been chosen for the leads. This marked the first time Amitabh Bachchan and Anil Kapoor had been in a film with a female director. Playing the role of a doctor for the first time, Anil Kapoor admitted the film had given him chances to do many things. Bachchan, the first actor Irani wanted to cast since the film was conceived, played his father; it is also the first film to feature Anil Kapoor and Bachchan in a scene together. In an interview with journalist Subhash K. Jha of Rediff.com, she confessed it was her dream to work with Bachchan---who immediately agreed after she had offered him the part---adding it was modelled after his personality. Bachchan himself has spoken of his excitement after learning the venture was to be directed by a woman. It was originally intended that Tabu would play the role of Dr.\u00a0Neha Mathur. But Irani later replaced her with Gracy Singh, whose performance in the sports film *Lagaan* (2001) attracted Irani to meet her and offer her the role. Irani believed that Singh\\'s role as a doctor made her less glamorous.","parent_id":"fbd198010e3f11480f80","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fbd198010e3f11480f80:4","document_content":"# Armaan (2003 film)\nPreity Zinta plays Sonia, the first time she has played an antagonist. Describing herself as an honest and outspoken person, Zinta liked the role, particularly for its \\\"insane\\\" character, because it allowed her to \\\"vent\u00a0\\... all of her frustrations\\\". Calling it the best role of her acting career, she commented: \\\"If Sonia didn\\'t like something, she would show it in a sneaky way. I loved the freedom of saying anything I wanted to and not worrying about what the other person would think.\\\" In an interview published by *Filmfare* in their September 2003 issue, talking about her acting career and on-screen image, Zinta added she took part solely to put an end to her \\\"cute-and-bubbly\\\" image, which she disliked. Before it was offered to her, several actresses were asked to take the part, including Tabu, Rani Mukerji, and Aishwarya Rai. Randhir Kapoor played Zinta\\'s father, the businessman Gulshan. This was his first feature since *Mother* (1999) was released. Roshan made a cameo appearance.\nIrani revealed her colleagues called her a \\\"trendsetter\\\" as she was the first female director at the time to direct a big-budget Bollywood film; the total production cost of *Armaan* was . Ravi Varman worked as the cinematographer, while Yunnus Pathan and Kiran Khanna completed the production design. As the film\\'s main set is a hospital, soft contrast and diffused lighting were required. The choreographers were Farah Khan, Geeta Kapoor, and Saroj Khan, and Kaushal--Moses handled the action direction. The film was shot in Mumbai, Mussoorie, Mauritius, and Sun City in 82 to 92 days. After filming ended in late 2002, Shirish Kunder edited the film, using sync sound; Raju Singh composed its background score. Dinesh Gandhi of Aarti Enterprises produced the film, which was distributed by Eros Entertainment.","parent_id":"fbd198010e3f11480f80","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fbd198010e3f11480f80:5","document_content":"# Armaan (2003 film)\nThe trio of Shankar--Ehsaan--Loy composed *Armaan*s soundtrack, with lyrics written by Akhtar. Bachchan, Udit Narayan, Mahalakshmi Iyer, Shankar Mahadevan, Alka Yagnik, Shaan, K. S. Chithra, Sonu Nigam, Sunidhi Chauhan, Shreya Ghoshal, and Roop Kumar Rathod performed the vocals. The T-Series label released it on 22\u00a0March 2003.\nThe soundtrack album garnered positive responses from critics. Writing for the entertainment portal Bollywood Hungama, Joginder Tuteja called it \\\"a class product\\\" that \\\"strikes a chord with everyone alike\\\". *The Hindu* believed that Shankar--Ehsaan--Loy had composed an \\\"uplifting\\\" soundtrack. Lalitha Suhasini of *The Indian Express* declared it one of the greatest albums of the year. Planet Bollywood\\'s Rakesh Budhu added, \\\"For *Armaan*, Shankar--Ehsaan--Loy have shown us why their talent is worth our attention and how they are different from other great composers, like A. R. Rahman.\\\"\nFrom left to right: Randhir Kapoor, Preity Zinta, Anil Kapoor, and Gracy Singh at the website launch of *Armaan* in 2003\n*Armaan* was one of the most anticipated Indian films of the year, owing to the advertising describing it as the first film directed by Irani, known as an established screenwriter. This resulted in increased enthusiasm by moviegoers to see the film. However, talking to journalist Suchitra Behal of *The Hindu*, Irani said she had low expectations for the film and spoke of her nervousness over its commercial performance. As part of the promotion, an official website was launched at a press conference held in Mumbai in April 2003. In an article on Rediff.com, Subhash K. Jha wrote that people\\'s word-of-mouth described the film as a *thanda* () film.","parent_id":"fbd198010e3f11480f80","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fbd198010e3f11480f80:6","document_content":"# Armaan (2003 film)\n*Armaan* premiered on 16\u00a0May 2003 and was screened at the 2003 Cannes Film Festival the following day. It was released on 195 screens across India and grossed on the first day, which *Filmfare* magazine thought was poor. By the end of its first week, the film had collected . In the second week of its overseas run, *Armaan* had earned \\$296,702 and \\$691,121 in the United States and the United Kingdom, respectively. According to Box Office India, it collected a total gross of worldwide and was declared a commercial failure. The film remains as Irani\\'s only directorial project; she is continuing her work as a screenwriter.\n*Armaan* was subsequently released on DVD on 30\u00a0June as a single-disc pack in the NTSC widescreen format. Since 2\u00a0May 2016, it has been available for streaming on Amazon Prime Video.","parent_id":"fbd198010e3f11480f80","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fbd198010e3f11480f80:7","document_content":"# Armaan (2003 film)\n### Critical response\nUpon its release *Armaan* met with a mixed critical reception. The cast\\'s performances (mostly those of Bachchan and Zinta) were praised lavishly. Critics, however, panned Irani\\'s direction and the film\\'s slow pace and the plot\\'s lack of freshness. Sanjeev Singh Bariana of *The Tribune* was impressed by its technical detail and commended Zinta for having \\\"outclassed everyone\\\". In his review, Komal Nahta noted the resemblance between the film and the 2002 television series *Sanjivani*, in which the main set is also a hospital. Khalid Mohamed, writing for *Mid-Day*, noted Irani\\'s sincerity but was critical of the outcome. He did, however, praise Bachchan as \\\"faultless\\\" and call Zinta \\\"the peppy scene-stealer, achieving her manic mood swings dexterously\\\". Similar views were expressed by Vinayak Chakravorty from *Hindustan Times*; he concluded in his review that there was \\\"nothing to write home about in this film\\\" except for Zinta\\'s performance, which he felt \\\"takes over the script and, indeed, the film, unleashing a brilliant act as the deceptively bubbly but manipulative wife\\\". Dinesh Raheja referred to Zinta as the film\\'s main attraction and had a positive opinion of Anil Kapoor and Randhir Kapoor as well, explaining their performance would lead the viewer to make \\\"a connection between good acting and the Kapoor surname\\\".","parent_id":"fbd198010e3f11480f80","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fbd198010e3f11480f80:8","document_content":"# Armaan (2003 film)\n### Critical response\n*Screen* Deven Sharma described *Armaan* as \\\"a truthful depiction of a professional\\'s integrity to his calling and to himself, and despite the somewhat slow pace, manages to tug at your heart\\\". He wrote of the cast, \\\"The four principal actors have risen above their roles and have given splendid performances.\\\" Ziya Us Salam of *The Hindu* observed of Hirani\\'s direction: \\\"Her ways have to be admired, her lines good enough to bear repetition, her sensitivity worthy of emulation. However, let\\'s refrain from too much adulation as her debut venture *Armaan* has its bleak moments too, just as it has its sunny ones.\\\" He further praised Singh\\'s \\\"poised, pleasant\\\" acting and Zinta for her \\\"verve and vivacity\\\" as a \\\"blundering, scheming spoilt child who marries innocence with guile\\\", hailing her performance as \\\"just about perfect\\\". Sify called the film \\\"an entertainer\\\" which is \\\"pleasing to the eye\\\" with a good storyline. The reviewer praised Irani for having \\\"brought out some of the best moments in Amitabh Bachchan\\'s and Anil Kapoor\\'s career\\\", and took note of Zinta\\'s screen presence, commending her for proving \\\"she is one among those actresses who can combine good looks with histrionics\\\".","parent_id":"fbd198010e3f11480f80","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fbd198010e3f11480f80:9","document_content":"# Armaan (2003 film)\n### Critical response\nJitesh Pillai of *The Times of India* was ambivalent about *Armaan*; he criticised its \\\"crippling pace\\\", but appreciated the credibility of the script, the cinematography, and the actors, calling Bachchan \\\"brilliant\\\", Kapoor \\\"first-rate\\\" and commending Singh for bringing dignity to her underdeveloped role and Zinta for adding \\\"vim, vigour and sparkles with comic timing\\\" to her part. Rediff.com\\'s critic Deepa Gumaste was highly critical of the film, disliking the performances and finding the overall product to be \\\"way off the mark\\\". Giving the film two stars, Namrata Joshi of *Outlook* found it disappointing and after comparing it to the 1960 film *Dil Apna Aur Preet Parai*, said that *Armaan* only repeats the story but with a different ending. Taran Adarsh from Bollywood Hungama praised the acting while concluding the film \\\"leaves a lot to be desired. The content\u00a0\\... does not match the heavy star cast, which in turn will tell on its business.\\\" Another review for *Mid Day*, by Narendra Kusnur, wrote the film off as extremely slow but liked the actors\\' performances.","parent_id":"fbd198010e3f11480f80","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fbd198010e3f11480f80:10","document_content":"# Armaan (2003 film)\n### Critical response\nManish Gajjar of the BBC applauded Irani for revisiting \\\"the same formula\u00a0\\... adding freshness and zest\\\", further praising Kapoor for delivering \\\"his best\\\" performance, Zinta for her \\\"superb acting\\\" and Bachchan for \\\"outstanding performance\\\". Derek Elley of *Variety* declared Bachchan the film\\'s headline, but believed his performance was largely overshadowed by the other leads, adding, \\\"Bollywood watchers should keep an eye out for this well-scripted item.\\\" He singled out Zinta\\'s colourful performance noting, \\\"though playing an archetypal bad sort, manages to make the self-obsessed Soniya an almost sympathetic character through the sheer vivaciousness of her part-child, part-vamp playing\\\". Deepa Gahlot wrote, \\\"Anil Kapoor is earnest as always, but looks jaded. Preity Zinta in an awful \\'Cleopatra\\' get-up is irritatingly twittery, and Gracy Singh totally bland.\\\" She was disappointed by the casting of Bachchan in what she described as \\\"an insignificant role, which getting rid of him and then making him walk around as a ghost.\\\" In a review in *Stardust* magazine, the editor Ram Kamal Mukherjee felt the entire film was \\\"predictable and boring at times\\\", attributing this to the screenplay and Irani\\'s direction.\n\n### Accolades\n`Award`\n`Category`\n`Recipient(s)\u00a0and\u00a0nominee(s)`\n`Result`\n`Filmfare\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Performance\u00a0in\u00a0a\u00a0Negative\u00a0Role`\n`Producers\u00a0Guild\u00a0Film\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Actress\u00a0in\u00a0a\u00a0Supporting\u00a0Role`\n`Screen\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Actor\u00a0in\u00a0a\u00a0Negative\u00a0Role`\n`Best\u00a0Female\u00a0Playback`\n`Stardust\u00a0Awards`\n`Breakthrough\u00a0Performance\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Female`","parent_id":"fbd198010e3f11480f80","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"0140424abbe7271933a4:0","document_content":"# Master of the Flying Guillotine\n***Master of the Flying Guillotine*** is a 1976 Hong Kong *wuxia* film starring Jimmy Wang Yu, who also wrote and directed the film. It is a sequel to Wang\\'s 1971 film *One-Armed Boxer*, and thus the film is also known as ***One-Armed Boxer 2**\\'\\' and***The One-Armed Boxer vs.\u00a0the Flying Guillotine**\\'\\'.\nThe film concerns Wang\\'s one-armed martial arts master being stalked by an imperial assassin, the master of two fighters (the Tibetan lamas) who were killed in the previous film. The title refers to the assassin\\'s weapon, the \\\"flying guillotine\\\", which resembles a hat with a bladed rim attached to a long chain. Upon enveloping one\\'s head, the blades cleanly decapitate the victim with a quick pull of the chain. The Boxer\\'s adversary is the assassin Fung Sheng Wu Chi, who is blind, is an expert user of the Flying Guillotine, and relies on others to identify one-armed men, which he then kills. When the One-Armed Boxer is invited to attend a martial arts tournament, his efforts to lie low are unsuccessful, and the assassin soon tracks him down with the help of his three subordinates competing in the tournament: a Thai boxer, a yoga master, and a kobojutsu user.\nThe One-Armed Boxer leaves the tournament and, using a series of traps, defeats the assassin\\'s subordinates. Unable to directly confront the deadly assassin himself, the One-Armed Boxer devises a plan that uses misdirection. Taking advantage of the assassin\\'s blindness by using bamboo poles as a lure, each time the blind assassin throws his weapon, it becomes snagged on one of the bamboo poles effectively removing the inner blades of the assassin\\'s deadly weapon; however, as it still contains a jagged outer edge it is still a formidable weapon. The One-Armed Boxer then proceeds to convert a coffin-maker\\'s shop into an elaborate trap. Once the weapon is finally destroyed, the One-Armed Boxer engages the assassin in a duel and defeats him.","parent_id":"0140424abbe7271933a4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"0140424abbe7271933a4:1","document_content":"# Master of the Flying Guillotine\nRotten Tomatoes, a review aggregator, reports that 90% of 20 surveyed critics gave the film a positive review; the average rating was 6.9\/10. Metacritic rated the film 57\/100 based on eleven reviews. Elvis Mitchell of *The New York Times* called it \\\"near-great\\\" and \\\"a venerable example of the kung fu genre\\\". Kevin Thomas of the *Los Angeles Times* wrote, \\\"*Master of the Flying Guillotine* has been called the Holy Grail of the Hong Kong martial arts movies of the \\'70s, and now that it has been lovingly restored and given a regular theatrical release, it\\'s easy to see why.\\\" Joey O\\'Bryan of *The Austin Chronicle* rated it 2\/5 stars and called it \\\"a mess\\\" that fails to live up to the epic brawl promised by the alternate title. Nathan Rabin of *The A.V. Club* called it \\\"a delirious kung-fu saga\\\" that is \\\"wild even by the genre\\'s lenient standards\\\". Rabin concludes, \\\"Goofy Z-movie fun of the highest order, *Master Of The Flying Guillotine* needs to be seen to be believed, and even then defies belief.\\\" Phil Hall of *Film Threat* rated it 1.5\/5 stars and wrote, \\\"This silly production stands as a dinky reminder of why martial arts film fell out of favor during the mid-1970s\\\". J. Doyle Wallis of DVD Talk rated it 4\/5 stars and called it \\\"a complete guilty pleasure that leaves you feeling high off its empty b-movie fun\\\". Mike Pinsky of DVD Verdict wrote that the film toys with and subverts many martial arts film cliches, which makes it surprising and entertaining.\nMost of the music in the film is taken from Krautrock bands, and includes: \\\"Super\\\" (Opening theme) and \\\"Super 16\\\" (Master Fung\\'s theme) from Neu!\\'s second studio album, *Neu! 2*; \\\"Rubycon, Part One\\\" (The One-Armed Boxer\\'s theme) from Tangerine Dream\\'s sixth studio album, *Rubycon*, and \\\"Mitternacht\\\" (Suspense theme), \\\"Morgenspaziergang\\\" (courtyard music) and \\\"Kometenmelodie 2\\\" (End credits) from Kraftwerk\\'s fourth studio album, \\'\\'Autobahn.","parent_id":"0140424abbe7271933a4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"0140424abbe7271933a4:2","document_content":"# Master of the Flying Guillotine\nThe soundtrack has been referenced and sampled extensively, including the use of \\\"Super 16\\\" in Tarantino\\'s *Kill Bill*.\nQuentin Tarantino has cited the film as \\\"one of my favorite movies of all time.\\\" The character Dhalsim from the *Street Fighter* video game series has been compared to the Indian assassin in the film. In *The Boondocks* episode *Stinkmeaner 3: The Hateocracy*, the Hateocracy member, Lord Rufus Crabmiser, used a flying guillotine disguised as a lobster trap to attack the Freeman family and ultimately kill Bushido Brown.\n\n### Prequel\nIn 1977, a prequel titled *Fatal Flying Guillotine* was made by Hong Kong director Raymond Liu.","parent_id":"0140424abbe7271933a4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6a34dfc8d2983086b034:0","document_content":"# Roja (film)\n***Roja*** () is a 1992 Indian Tamil-language romantic thriller film written and directed by Mani Ratnam. It stars Arvind Swami and Madhoo, with the latter in the title role. It follows a simple girl from a village in Tamil Nadu, making desperate efforts to find her husband after he is kidnapped by militants during a secret undercover mission in Jammu and Kashmir.\nThe film was produced by K. Balachander under his Kavithalayaa Productions and distributed by G. Venkateswaran. The film\\'s cinematography was handled by Santhosh Sivan and editing done by Suresh Urs. The film released on 15 August 1992, to positive reviews, receiving praise for its patriotic theme.\nThe film won three National Film Awards, including Best Film on National Integration, catapulting Ratnam to national acclaim. The film also gained international acclaim with its nomination for Best Film at the 18th Moscow International Film Festival. The film was re-released for international audiences in light of the growing fear of terrorist attacks across the world. It is the first in Mani Ratnam\\'s Trilogy of films, with the others being *Bombay* (1995) and *Dil Se..* (1998), that depict human relationships against a background of Indian politics.\nA. R. Rahman debuted as a film composer with this film. He won the National Film Award for Best Music Direction, Filmfare Award for Best Music Director -- Tamil and the Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Music Director for his work.\nIn Srinagar, a Kashmiri terrorist, Wasim Khan, is captured by a team led by Colonel Rayappa. In the southern state of Tamil Nadu, 18-year old Roja is a simple village girl born and brought up in Sundarapandiapuram in Tenkasi district\/Bhanpur (Hindi). Roja fervently wishes that her sister Shenbagam\\'s marriage proposal with Rishikumar, a cryptologist working with the R.A.W. agency of Indian Intelligence, goes smoothly. Unknown to her and her family, Shenbagam is in love with the son of her maternal uncle.","parent_id":"6a34dfc8d2983086b034","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6a34dfc8d2983086b034:1","document_content":"# Roja (film)\nWhen Rishi wishes to speak to Shenbagam alone, she gathers enough courage to convey this and politely asks him to reject her in front of her parents, to which he obliges. To everyone\\'s surprise, Rishi requests Roja\\'s hand in marriage instead. Being unaware of Shenbagam\\'s love affair, Roja is not willing to accept Rishi\\'s proposal as she believes that he is the best match for Shenbagam but she marries Rishi, and the couple go to live in Madras while Shenbagam marries her cousin.\nInitially, Roja does not like what Rishi did, but when she learns of Shenbagam\\'s love story and consequent rejection of Rishi, she apologises and starts seeing him in a new light. Love blossoms and life is blissful for the couple for a short while. Meanwhile, due to the illness of his Chief, Rishi is assigned to an army communications centre in Baramulla to intercept military intelligence. The couple finds themselves in a beautiful yet alien land. Roja\\'s world turns upside down when Rishi is kidnapped by terrorists whose agenda is to separate Kashmir from India and free their leader, Wasim Khan, from judicial custody.\nFaced with the daunting task of rescuing her husband, Roja runs from pillar to post, pleading with politicians and the military for help. Further complicating matters is the language barrier: She can\\'t speak their language, and they can\\'t speak hers. Meanwhile, Rishi, held captive by a group of terrorists led by Liaqat, an associate to Wasim Khan, tries to reason with the terrorists, about their misdirected motive for the liberation of Kashmir. Liaqat\\'s sister shows a little compassion towards him. Initially, when Roja\\'s efforts fail, the Indian government denies any negotiations with the terrorists for the release of Rishi in the media.","parent_id":"6a34dfc8d2983086b034","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6a34dfc8d2983086b034:2","document_content":"# Roja (film)\nThe angered terrorists attempt to burn an Indian flag. Rishi risks his life to put out the fire and shows the terrorist how much the country means to him, a regular citizen. When Liaqat\\'s younger brother, who with a few other youths from his village was sent across the border to Pakistan for training, is shot by the Pakistan Army, Liaqat\\'s strong belief is shaken, but he still manages to convince himself of the cause. Consequently, Roja\\'s efforts to apprise the politicians of her suffering and pain are successful as a minister pities her and offers to help.\nMuch to the chagrin of Rayappa, the government decides to release Wasim Khan in exchange for Rishi. Rishi, not wanting to be used as a pawn to release a dangerous terrorist, gets help from the sympathetic Liaqat\\'s sister and escapes\u00a0--- with Liaqat and his men chasing him. Rayappa, Roja, and other army officers get to the hostage exchange spot with Wasim Khan, but Liaqat does not show up. The Army locks Wasim Khan up in the prison.\nRishi has managed to get close to the exchange spot on his own after evading the terrorists. During his escape, Rishi subdues two terrorists. Liaqat catches up with him and holds him at gunpoint. Rishi reasons with Liaqat further and convinces him that his war is immoral. Liaqat lets Rishi go and he goes to the exchange spot. Liaqat escapes from the Indian Army while Rishi and Roja are united once again.","parent_id":"6a34dfc8d2983086b034","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6a34dfc8d2983086b034:3","document_content":"# Roja (film)\n- Arvind as Rishi Kumar\n- Madhubala as Roja\n- Nassar as Colonel Rayappa\n- Janagaraj as Achu Maharaj\n- Pankaj Kapur as Liaqat\n- Shiva Rindani as Wasim Khan\n- Vaishnavi as Shenbagam\n- C. K. Saraswathi as one of the village seniors\n- Vijaya Chandrika as Roja\\'s mother\n- Sathyapriya as Rishi\\'s mother\n- Vatsala Rajagopal as Roja\\'s paternal grandmother\n- Sujitha as Chinna Ponnu\n- S. Ve. Venkataraman as Chandramoorthy, Rishikumar\\'s chief and RAW official\n- Nirmala Periyasamy as Newsreader\n- Raju Sundaram (special appearance in the song \\\"Rukmini\\\")\n\n### Development\nOn 28 June 1991, K. Doraiswamy, an executive of the Indian Oil Corporation, was kidnapped by Kashmiri militants and put in captivity for two months. This inspired Mani Ratnam to make the film *Roja*. Doraiswamy\\'s wife was fighting for his release, and according to Ratnam, it was her plight that the film was based on.","parent_id":"6a34dfc8d2983086b034","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6a34dfc8d2983086b034:4","document_content":"# Roja (film)\n### Development\nDuring the making of *Anjali* (1990), Ratnam told actor and director Kitty the outline of *Roja* and offered him to direct the film. Kitty declined, as he wanted to do something of his own. As Ratnam was telling him the outline, the subject became more crystallised. Kitty did not pick it up and when filmmaker K. Balachander asked Ratnam, he told him the outline. All the developments happened after that. It was Balachander who approached Ratnam to make a film for his banner. As Balachander was the inspiration and the reason for Ratnam entering Tamil films, when he asked him to make a film for his banner, Ratnam wanted it to be one of the best films they had produced. Ratnam was keen that it needed to be of Balachander\\'s standard. Balachander instantly approved the outline of the film when Ratnam narrated. However, he disliked the title *Roja* (Rose) as he felt it sounded similar to the name of a brand of crushed betel nut. Ratnam thought the title represented Kashmir because \\\"the rose is something beautiful but with thorns\\\". To satisfy Balachander, he suggested another title *Irudhi Varai* (Till the end), but Balachander preferred *Roja*, which was finalised.","parent_id":"6a34dfc8d2983086b034","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6a34dfc8d2983086b034:5","document_content":"# Roja (film)\n### Development\n*Roja* was the first film for which Ratnam used a Steadicam, in the shot that introduces the terrorists\\' hideout to the audiences. The film was made on a shoestring budget. The technicians worked for less money with the understanding that the film would also be sold for less money. It was not thought of as something that would work on a big scale. The film was composed mostly of newcomers, a new music director, and it was about Kashmir which, according to Ratnam, not much was known to Tamil people at that time. He called the film \\\"a bit of an experiment\\\". It is also the first in Ratnam\\'s trilogy of films that depict human relationships against a background of Indian politics, including *Bombay* (1995) and *Dil Se..* (1998). *Roja* is a contemporary adaptation of the story of Savitri and Satyavan. According to Ratnam, it was not originally planned as a political film: \\\"It was a phase India was going through and these things affected me and found their way into my work.\\\"\n\n### Casting\nArvind Swami was signed on to play the lead role in *Roja* after Rajiv Menon declined. Aishwarya and Ayesha Jhulka were initial choices for the female lead, but declined due to date issues; the role went to Madhoo, credited as Madhubala. Aishwarya later revealed that she deeply regretted her decision, which was made by her grandmother against her will, for a Telugu film which was later cancelled. Ratnam wanted a North Indian actor to portray Liaqat, a Kashmiri character, and Pankaj Kapur accepted when approached. Ratnam approached Karisma Kapoor to play a Kashmiri girl, but ultimately decided not to cast her, believing she was \\\"far too expensive for a Tamil film\\\"; the role went to another actress.","parent_id":"6a34dfc8d2983086b034","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6a34dfc8d2983086b034:6","document_content":"# Roja (film)\n### Filming\nRatnam had planned to shoot *Roja* in Kashmir, but extreme terrorism there forced him to shoot the film in other hill stations resembling it. Shooting locations included Coonoor, Ooty, and Manali, Himachal Pradesh. The film\\'s cinematographer Santosh Sivan said that a lot of images were written in at the script level. Even in the Kashmir sequences, the audience only sees the snow when Roja sees it for the first time. These things were written into the script. The song \\\"Chinna Chinna Aasai\\\" was shot at Hogenakkal Falls in Dharmapuri and in the Banatheertham falls in Papanasam R.F., Tamil Nadu. Shakti Singh dubbed for Arvind Swami in the Hindi version of the film, while Madhubala dubbed for herself. The whole film was completed in less than 60 days. The final length of the film was .\nWriting for the magazine *Jump Cut*, Kumudan Maderya noted that *Roja* celebrates \\\"the middle-class yuppie hero's nationalistic fervor\\\" and positions the \\\"anti-national communalist terrorists in Kashmir\\\" as key threats to India as a whole. Vairamuthu, who was signed as the lyricist, felt the film\\'s \\\"tense and action-packed\\\" content was in sharp contrast to the \\\"poetic\\\" title. Journalist Malini Mannath and a writer for *Bangalore Mirror* compared *Roja* to *Held Hostage* (1991), a television film about the kidnapping of journalist Jerry Levin whose rescue was organised by his wife.\nThe soundtrack and background score for the film was composed by A.R Rahman in his debut as a music director. Mani Ratnam, who previously worked with Ilayaraaja in his earlier films, replaced him with Rahman, who worked as a keyboard programmer for Ilayaraaja for his film *Moodu Pani* (1980), also marking their first collaboration as well. The album features seven tracks in Tamil and Hindi, and six tracks in Telugu, Malayalam Marathi and five tracks in the instrumental adaptation album.","parent_id":"6a34dfc8d2983086b034","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6a34dfc8d2983086b034:7","document_content":"# Roja (film)\n### Filming\nThe song \\\"Thamizha Thamizha\\\" is a poem written by Subramanya Bharathi. \\\"Chinna Chinna Aasai\\\" was the first song Rahman had composed for the film. The song \\\"Kadhal Rojave\\\" has two versions in both Tamil and Hindi; a solo and a duet in the former. The Hindi version of the song, titled \\\"Roja Jaaneman\\\", has two versions -- one by S. P. Balasubrahmanyam and the other by Hariharan.\nThe album received critical acclaim and was also listed in *Time* magazine\\'s \\\"10 Best Soundtracks\\\" of all time. The Tamil and Hindi versions of the album sold over million units in India, with the Tamil version selling over 200,000 units and the Hindi version selling 2.8million units.\n*Roja* was released on 15 August 1992, and distributed by GV Films. In August 2015, it was screened at the 2015 London Indian Film Festival, in the retrospective series *Politics as Spectacle: The Films of Mani Ratnam*, along with *Bombay* and *Dil Se*. Owing to the film's success, the film was dubbed and released in Hindi, Marathi, Malayalam and Telugu languages.","parent_id":"6a34dfc8d2983086b034","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6a34dfc8d2983086b034:8","document_content":"# Roja (film)\n### Critical response\n*Roja* received positive reception for its patriotic themes. On 26 September 1992, K. Vijayan of *New Straits Times* wrote, \\\"Under Mani Ratnam\\'s direction, Arvind and Madhubala gave their best \\... The excellent photography by Santhosh Sivan who was also the cameraman for *Thalapathi* makes us appreciate the beauty we take for granted in the villages. The snow-capped mountains and flower-covered valleys of Kashmir are also an eyeful.\\\" Writing for *The Indian Express*, Malini Mannath compared *Roja* unfavourably to *Held Hostage*; she praised Arvind Swami\\'s performance, calling him \\\"dignified and natural\\\", but criticised Madhubala\\'s performance in the scenes where Roja pleads for her husband\\'s rescue, saying, \\\"Her tremulous whisper praying for help, sounds contrived\\\". She also felt that Pankaj Kapoor looked \\\"lost in his role\\\", but lauded the cinematography by Santosh Sivan and the editing by Suresh Urs. T. N. Seshan, then the Chief Election Commissioner of India declared, \\\"This is a film that every Tamilians should see.\\\" The soundtrack by A. R. Rahman was included in the \\\"10 Best Soundtracks\\\" of all time listed by *Time* magazine, issued in 2005.\n\n### Box office\n*Roja* emerged a commercial success in the Tamil market.\n**1993 National Film Awards (India)**\n- Won\u00a0-- Silver Lotus Award\u00a0-- Best Music Director\u00a0-- A. R. Rahman\n- Won\u00a0-- Silver Lotus Award\u00a0-- Best Lyricist\u00a0-- Vairamuthu\n- Won\u00a0-- Nargis Dutt Award for Best Feature Film on National Integration\nMadhoo\\'s performance took her close to winning in the category of Best Actress, but she eventually lost to Dimple Kapadia.\n**1993 Filmfare Awards South**\n- Won\u00a0-- Filmfare Best Movie Award (Tamil)\u00a0-- *Roja*\n- Won\u00a0-- Filmfare Best Music Director Award (Tamil)\u00a0-- A. R. Rahman\n**1993 Tamil Nadu State Film Awards (India)**","parent_id":"6a34dfc8d2983086b034","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6a34dfc8d2983086b034:9","document_content":"# Roja (film)\n### Box office\n- Won\u00a0-- Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Film\n- Won\u00a0-- Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Director\u00a0-- Mani Ratnam\n- Won\u00a0-- Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Music Director\u00a0-- A. R. Rahman\n- Won\u00a0-- Tamil Nadu State Film Award Special Prize\u00a0-- Madhoo\n- Won\u00a0-- Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer\u00a0-- Minmini\n**1993 Shantaram Awards**\n- Won\u00a0-- Best Director\u00a0-- Mani Ratnam\n**1993 Moscow International Film Festival (Russia)**\n- Nominated\u00a0-- Golden St.\u00a0George (Best Film)\u00a0-- Mani Ratnam\n**Bite the Mango Film Festival (United Kingdom)**\n- Featured screening and premiere\u00a0-- *Roja*\n**Wangfujing Film Festival (Beijing)**\n- Special screening\u00a0-- *Roja*\n**Indian Film Week (Moscow)**\n- Screening in the category of \\\"From the classics to the contemporary\\\"\u00a0-- *Roja*\n- \n-","parent_id":"6a34dfc8d2983086b034","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"253fc43b0b6e2050150f:0","document_content":"# Alakazam the Great\n***Alakazam the Great***, known in Japan as , is a 1960 Japanese anime musical film, based on the 16th-century Chinese novel *Journey to the West*. It was one of the earliest anime films to be released in the United States. Osamu Tezuka was named as a director of the film by Toei Company. However, Tezuka later stated that the only time he was in the studio was to pose for publicity photos. His involvement in promoting the film, however, led to his interest in animation.\nAlakazam is a young and brave monkey (a macaque) who has been encouraged by all the other monkeys to become their king. After attaining the throne, he becomes rude and dictatorial, and does not believe that human beings are greater than he is. Then he deceives\/forces Merlin the magician to teach him magic (reluctantly on Merlin\\'s part, who warns Alakazam that the powers he acquires now will bring him much unhappiness later).\nAlakazam becomes so arrogant that he abuses his magic powers, and chooses to go up to Majutsu Land (the Heavens), to challenge King Amo. He is defeated by King Amo. For his punishment, he is sentenced to serve as the bodyguard of Prince Amat on a pilgrimage; in order to learn humility. Ultimately, he learns his lesson and becomes a true hero.\n`Japanese\u00a0name`\n`Japanese\u00a0voice\u00a0actor`\n`English\u00a0name`\n`English\u00a0voice\u00a0actor`\nSun Wukong\n`Kiyoshi\u00a0Komiyama\u00a0`\n`Alakazam\u00a0`\n`Peter\u00a0Fernandez\u00a0(speaking)Frankie\u00a0Avalon\u00a0(singing)`\nLin-Lin\n`Noriko\u00a0Shind\u014d\u00a0`\n`DeeDee\u00a0`\n`Corinne\u00a0Orr\u00a0(speaking)Dodie\u00a0Stevens\u00a0(singing)`\nZhu Bajie\n`Hideo\u00a0Kinoshita\u00a0`\n`Sir\u00a0Quigley\u00a0Broken\u00a0Bottom\u00a0`\n`Jonathan\u00a0Winters`\nSha Wujing\n`Setsuo\u00a0Shinoda\u00a0`\n`Max\u00a0Lulipopo\u00a0`\n`Arnold\u00a0Stang`\nTang Sanzang\n`Nobuaki\u00a0Sekine\u00a0`\n`Prince\u00a0Amat\u00a0`\n`Larry\u00a0Robinson`\nShakyamuni\n`Kunihisa\u00a0Takeda\u00a0`\nKing Amo\n`Jack\u00a0Curtis`\nGuanyin\n`Katsuko\u00a0Ozaki\u00a0`\n`Queen\u00a0Amas\u00a0`\n`Joyce\u00a0Gordon`\nSh\u014dry\u016b\n`Michiko\u00a0Shirasaka\u00a0`\n`Filo\u00a0Fester\u00a0`\n`Billie\u00a0Lou\u00a0Watt`\nBull Demon King\n`Kinshiro\u00a0Iwao\u00a0`\n`King\u00a0Gruesome\u00a0`\n`Jack\u00a0Curtis`","parent_id":"253fc43b0b6e2050150f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"253fc43b0b6e2050150f:1","document_content":"# Alakazam the Great\nPrincess Iron Fan\n`Tamae\u00a0Kato\u00a0`\n`Queen\u00a0Gruesome\u00a0`\n`Joyce\u00a0Gordon`\nGolden Horned King\n`Kiyoshi\u00a0Kawakubo\u00a0`\n`Herman\u00a0McSnarles\u00a0`\n`Bernard\u00a0Grant`\nSilver Horned King\n`Shuichi\u00a0Kazamatsuri\u00a0`\n`Vermin\u00a0McSnarles\u00a0`\n`George\u00a0Gonneau`\nSubhuti\n`Unknown\u00a0`\n`Merlin\u00a0`\n`Unknown`\nTaibai Jinxing\n`Unknown\u00a0`\n`Unknown\u00a0`\n`Unknown`\nErlang Shen\n`Unknown\u00a0`\n`Hercules\u00a0`\n`Unknown`\nThe film was released in the United States by American International on July 26, 1961. For the American release, a few scenes were heavily edited and rearranged and bandleader Les Baxter was hired to compose a new soundtrack. Teen idol Frankie Avalon supplied the singing voice of Alakazam (the speaking voice was done by Peter Fernandez), and Sterling Holloway provided English-language narration.\nOther famous voices included Jonathan Winters, Arnold Stang, Dodie Stevens, and E. G. Marshall.\n\n### Reception\nThe film was a great success in Japan but a flop in the United States, despite a large marketing budget and heavy promotion. The *Los Angeles Times* called it \\\"warm, amusing and exciting\\... the art work is really excellent.\\\" It was included as one of the choices in *The Fifty Worst Films of All Time*, and is the only animated film featured in the book.\nThe AIP version of the film was first released on VHS in the 1980s by HBO\/Cannon Video (under licensed from then-owner Orion Pictures). This release was reissued by Congress Video Group in 1990 at a slower speed. Orion Home Video re-released the film in both pan-and-scan and widescreen letterbox VHS editions and on a widescreen laserdisc in 1995. Although MGM hasn\\'t released the film on DVD, the AIP version has been made available for streaming on Netflix and Amazon Prime Video.\nThe *Mario* video game franchise antagonist Bowser was inspired by the film. Nintendo designer Shigeru Miyamoto received inspiration for the character\\'s appearance from the anime film. He had first envisioned Bowser as an ox, basing him on the Ox-King from the film.\n- List of animated feature films\n- List of Osamu Tezuka anime\n- List of Osamu Tezuka manga\n- Osamu Tezuka\\'s Star System","parent_id":"253fc43b0b6e2050150f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"ac8cb4cf1624f1746f4e:0","document_content":"# Witchboard 2: The Devil's Doorway\n***Witchboard 2: The Devil\\'s Doorway*** is a 1993 American supernatural horror film written and directed by Kevin S. Tenney. It stars Ami Dolenz as an artist possessed by a ghost of a former occupant of her new apartment. The film is a sequel to the 1986 film *Witchboard*.\nPaige, a young accountant, moves into a spacious loft apartment in Los Angeles, owned by Jonas and his eccentric wife, Elaine. Her police officer boyfriend, Mitch, is angry with her for moving out of his home, and dismisses her aspirations to work as an artist. In the closet, she discovers a Ouija board. While playing with the board, Paige begins receiving messages from an entity who claims to be named Susan. First, the board correctly predicts that Paige will receive a promotion at the accounting firm where she works. When Paige asks several tenants of the building, they tell her that a woman named Susan Sidney formerly lived in her apartment.\nWhile Paige contacts Susan again using the ouija, Jonas is attacked in his shop by a poltergeist which flings tools at him. He locks himself inside the boiler room, and is then incinerated when the boiler overheats. Paige begins suffering from nightmares that inspire her to produce several disturbing paintings of a woman she believes to be Susan. At Jonas\\'s funeral, Russel, a photographer tenant of the building, informs Paige that Susan was an exotic dancer who prostituted herself to Jonas in exchange for rent. When Paige asks how Susan died, Russel tells that as far as he knows, she is alive, but that he has not seen her since she was evicted two years prior. Paige again consults the ouija, and the entity insists it is Susan, and claims she was murdered.","parent_id":"ac8cb4cf1624f1746f4e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"ac8cb4cf1624f1746f4e:1","document_content":"# Witchboard 2: The Devil's Doorway\nPaige asks Mitch to search for records pertaining to the murder of Susan Sidney, but his search efforts produce no indication that she ever existed. When Paige vocally calls out the entity communicating through the ouija, the shades of the loft windows all violently slam shut. Horrified, Paige is consoled by Russel and Elaine, who heard her screams. The three decide to use the ouija together, attempting to communicate with Susan. The board directs them to \\\"uptown\\\"; in conversation, Mitch tells Paige that there is a remote area outside of the city known as Uptown Woods. Convinced Susan was killed and buried there, Paige has Russel bring her to the location, but they are startled by Mitch, who escorts her home.\nMitch is subsequently injured in a car accident in which his vehicle is hijacked by the entity. Meanwhile, Russel informs Paige that the ouija board was used by witches throughout history to contact demons, and that this is likely what she is communicating with. Paige is insistent, however, that the entity is Susan. Russel points out the symptoms of \\\"progressive entrapment,\\\" through which demons take control of victims via the ouija; Paige exhibits several, including notable shifts in her behavior and temperament. However, Russel too becomes convinced that it is Susan when Paige produces an earring that belonged to her. Shortly after, Elaine is killed in a violent accident.\nPaige realizes that the earlier message directing her to \\\"uptown\\\" was in fact intended to be \\\"Upton,\\\" the name of Russel\\'s photographer company. Realizing that Russel murdered Susan, Paige attempts to flee from Russel, and locks herself in a bedroom. Russel tries to break the door down, but is stopped by Mitch, who has been discharged from the hospital, then it is revealed that the killer is Elaine and her accomplice is Jonas. Paige then emerges from the room, taking Susan\\'s form. She throws Mitch through a window, but he manages to cling to a fire escape. Susan kills Russel with an axe just before Mitch manages to re-enter the apartment and find his body. He is confronted by Susan, who shapeshifts between herself and Paige. Susan attempts to murder Mitch, but he pleads for Paige to fight Susan\\'s spirit, and it is then expelled from Paige\\'s body once she destroys the ouija board.","parent_id":"ac8cb4cf1624f1746f4e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"ac8cb4cf1624f1746f4e:2","document_content":"# Witchboard 2: The Devil's Doorway\nFilming of *Witchboard 2* took place on location in various parts of Los Angeles: The apartment in the film was a real artist\\'s loft in Hollywood, while the accounting firm sequences were shot in a building in which director Tenney maintained his own private office.\n\n### Critical response\n*TV Guide* awarded the film two out of five stars, writing: \\\"An ordinary but nicely executed horror movie, *Witchboard 2* suggests that the Ouija board is the Devil\\'s Monopoly game. This modest chiller lacks the trashy sex and explicit violence die-hard buffs demand, but young couples searching for a make-out movie may give it two thumbs up.\\\"\n- List of ghost films","parent_id":"ac8cb4cf1624f1746f4e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"4db0a74970d2b16eb23d:0","document_content":"# She (1965 film)\n***She*** is a 1965 British adventure film made by Hammer Film Productions in CinemaScope, based on the 1887 novel by H. Rider Haggard. It was directed by Robert Day and stars Ursula Andress, Peter Cushing, Bernard Cribbins, John Richardson, Rosenda Monteros, and Christopher Lee. The film was an international success and led to a 1968 sequel, *The Vengeance of She*, with Olinka Berova in the title role.\nAfter receiving honorable discharges from the British Army in Palestine in 1918, Professor Holly (Peter Cushing), young Leo Vincey (John Richardson) and their orderly Job (Bernard Cribbins) embark on an expedition into a previously unexplored region of central-east Africa. They discover the lost city of Kuma after Leo receives a mysterious map revealing the city\\'s whereabouts.\nThis lost realm is ruled by Ayesha (Ursula Andress), who is also known as \\\"She-Who-Waits\\\" and \\\"She-Who-Must-Be-Obeyed.\\\" Ayesha is a beautiful, immortal queen, who believes Leo is the reincarnation of her former lover, the priest Kallikrates, whom she had killed two thousand years before when she found him in the intimate embrace of another woman. It was she, who met with Leo in Palestine, giving him the map to Kuma, and urging him to travel there. Leo is filled with a dogged determination to do so as he sees visions of Ayesha beckoning to him with outstretched arms.\nAfter Leo has recovered from the journey to Kuma, Ayesha persuades him to bathe in the ceremonial fire that she had bathed in 2,000 years before by which she gained her immortality. One can bathe in the flame only when it has turned blue, which it does rarely for short periods of time when astronomical events coincide. Leo would then himself become immortal.","parent_id":"4db0a74970d2b16eb23d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"4db0a74970d2b16eb23d:1","document_content":"# She (1965 film)\nMeanwhile, Ayesha\\'s army is attacked by her enslaved tribesmen, the Amahagger, who live outside Kuma. Ready to rebel against the queen\\'s cruel tyranny they are incited to revolt by their leader, Haumeid (Andr\u00e9 Morell), a citizen of Kuma, whose daughter Ustane (Rosenda Monteros) dared to fall in love with Leo while nursing him back to health after his perilous journey to the city. The queen in jealousy has her cremated alive in the open molten lava pit before her throne. Her ashes are poured out in front of her outraged father, who cries out to the Amahagger for revenge. Although poorly equipped the Amahagger overcome Ayesha\\'s army.\nLeo himself is about to enter the blue ceremonial fire when Billali (Christopher Lee), Ayesha\\'s high priest, demands to be allowed to enter it to gain immortality as well since he has served the queen unselfishly for many years. He is refused, so he pushes Leo aside in a scuffle that leaves Leo knocked out, opening his way to enter the blue flames. Ayesha kills him with a javelin to prevent this.\nTo overcome Leo\\'s reluctance Ayesha takes him by the hand and leads him into the blue fire. Upon entering, Leo becomes immortal, but Ayesha\\'s immortality is taken away, and she ages 2,000 years in minutes, dies, and crumbles into dust. Holly and Job have managed to get to Leo through the uprising, and Holly urges him to go once again into the fire to remove his immortality since a second time into the flames would do this as it had done to Ayesha. Unfortunately, the flame turns yellow again barring entry. The film ends with a despondent Leo vowing to wait for the fire to turn blue again that he might end the prospect of spending an eternity alone.\n- Ursula Andress as Ayesha\n- Peter Cushing as Holly\n- Bernard Cribbins as Job\n- John Richardson as Leo Vincey\n- Rosenda Monteros as Ustane\n- Christopher Lee as Billali\n- Andr\u00e9 Morell as Haumeid\n- Princess Soraya as Soraya","parent_id":"4db0a74970d2b16eb23d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"4db0a74970d2b16eb23d:2","document_content":"# She (1965 film)\nThe re-filming of the H. Rider Haggard novel -- which had been filmed previously in 1908, 1911, 1916, 1917, 1925 and 1935 -- was the idea of Kenneth Hyman of Seven Arts Productions, who had a long-running relationship with Hammer Film Productions. Anthony Hinds commissioned a script from John Temple-Smith, and the lead role was assigned to Ursula Andress, known at that time for her role in the James Bond film *Dr.\u00a0No*. *She* would thus become the first Hammer film to be built around a female star.\nHammer pitched the project to Disney, who turned it down. Hinds then arranged for Berkley Mather to write a script, but the project was turned down again by Universal, and then by Joseph E. Levine and American International Pictures. Hinds passed it over to Michael Carreras who got David T. Chantler to rewrite the script. Carreras succeeded in getting the film financed through MGM, with triple the usual budget for a Hammer film.\nThe film was announced in May 1964. Although Seven Arts had helped finance several Hammer films, this was the first one they had produced together.\nJohn Richardson was cast after being spotted by Ray Stark of Seven Arts.\nPrincipal photography commenced in southern Israel\\'s Negev Desert on 24 August 1964, with scenes also shot at MGM\\'s Elstree Studios near London when Hammer\\'s Bray Studios proved to be too small for the project. It was the most expensive film Hammer had made up until that time, but on release, it was a hit both in North America and in Europe.","parent_id":"4db0a74970d2b16eb23d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"4db0a74970d2b16eb23d:3","document_content":"# She (1965 film)\nAlthough the studio was pleased with the look of Ursula Andress in the film -- as lit by Harry Waxman and costumed by Carl Toms and Roy Ashton -- they found her Swiss-German accent to be offputting, and had her entire part re-dubbed by an actress Nikki van der Zyl, who had dubbed her in *Dr.\u00a0No.*\n*The New York Times* wrote of the film \\\"It lacks style, sophistication, humour, sense, and above all, a reason for being, since it isn\\'t even as good (excepting that it is in colour) as the last remake of \\\"She\\\" done with Helen Gahagan in 1935\\\"; while more recently, the *Radio Times* gave the film three out of a possible five stars, writing that Ursula Andress \\\"acquits herself better than you might expect\\\", and concluding that \\\"The African backdrops are easily matched by Swiss-born Andress\\'s own brand of exotic beauty and, while there\\'s plenty to criticise, there\\'s also much to enjoy.\\\"\n- She (novel)\n- She (1935 film)\n- She (1984 film)\n- *The Vengeance of She*","parent_id":"4db0a74970d2b16eb23d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7be6fdb4ddce900db13c:0","document_content":"# Dark Horse (2005 film)\n***Dark Horse*** () is a 2005 Danish-Icelandic film directed by Dagur K\u00e1ri, about a young man, his best friend, and a girl. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival.\n- Jakob Cedergren as Daniel\n- Nicolas Bro as Morfar\n- Tilly Scott Pedersen as Franc\n- Morten Suurballe as Dommeren\n- Angela Bundalovic as Dommeren\\'s daughter\n- Bodil J\u00f8rgensen as Gunvor\n- Nicolaj Kopernikus as Tejs\n- Anders Hove as Herluf C\n- Kristian Halken as Allan Simonsen\n- Thomas W. Gabrielsson as Sleep researcher Arne\n- Michelle Bj\u00f8rn-Andersen as Dommerens\\' wife\n- Pauli Ryberg as Skule Malmquist\n- Mikael Bertelsen as clerk\n- Asta Esper Hagen Andersen as grandmother Lovisa\n- Vera Gebuhr as lady in bakery\n- Peder Pedersen as graffiti artist","parent_id":"7be6fdb4ddce900db13c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e84b3ed70b291567c8c9:0","document_content":"# Survival Island\n***Survival Island**\\'\\', also known as***Three**\\'\\', is a 2005 romantic survival drama film written and directed by Stewart Raffill and starring Billy Zane, Kelly Brook, and Juan Pablo Di Pace.\nJack and Jennifer are a wealthy couple who are yachting in the Caribbean during Christmas. One of their crew is the handsome Manuel, who is cursed by his angry ex-girlfriend Maria as he prepares to leave on the yacht. He is clearly bothered and has a difficult time fulfilling requests for the crew and guests. After the captain confronts him, Manuel quits and throws down a rag as he storms out of the galley. The rag lands on a gas flame and causes the entire yacht to catch fire. The captain is unable to control the blaze with a fire extinguisher so they abandon ship. Their lifeboats are capsized by a storm later that night and everyone becomes separated.\nWashing up on a deserted island, Jennifer is completely alone until she sees the body of the captain in the water. As she attempts to resuscitate him, Manuel appears and also unsuccessfully tries to revive him. They bury the captain and under Manuel\\'s guidance, set out to build a hut for shelter and find food. Two days later while fishing near a reef, Manuel finds Jack alive and brings him back to Jennifer and their hut. Although Jack is grateful at first, he eventually suspects Manuel of having desires on his wife and declares the man his enemy, promising to ruin his life once they get off the island. This puts Jennifer in the uncomfortable position of her loyalty to Jack conflicting with the realization that they both need Manuel\\'s help to survive. A proud man, Jack insists that he can provide for them both, but it quickly becomes apparent that he cannot. Jack and Jennifer\\'s relationship starts quickly deteriorating.\nJack steals Manuel\\'s goggles to go fishing one day and when Manuel discovers this, he threatens to kill Jack. Jennifer attempts to get him to calm down. As the two exit the water after fighting, Manuel pins Jennifer down and starts to rape her, but she soon stops resisting and the act becomes consensual. Afterwards, Jennifer feels remorse despite having enjoyed the encounter. Manuel reveals that he has loved Jennifer from the moment he first saw her, but it is also clear that this is a way for him to hurt Jack. When Jack returns, Jennifer accidentally hints at him what had happened and he furiously rejects her.","parent_id":"e84b3ed70b291567c8c9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e84b3ed70b291567c8c9:1","document_content":"# Survival Island\nWhile fishing another day, Jack finds a boat on the ocean floor. He drags it to shore and attempts to repair it. Manuel proposes that he and Jennifer go for a midnight swim and as they start having sex, Jennifer gives Manuel the idea of stealing the boat so they can get away together from the island, unaware that her husband, Jack is listening to them. They plan to do so while Jack is out fishing. The following morning, they manage to steal the boat and sail, however they do not get far before the boat begins to sink and they realize that Jack\\'s plan all along was for them to take the boat and drown. They are forced to swim back to the island and to Jack, who attacks the now-exhausted Manuel with a spear and kidnaps Jennifer. The following day, an intense fight sequence ensues, interwoven with scenes of Maria performing a voodoo ceremony. The scene climaxes when Jennifer pins Jack to the ground, attempting to kill him with his own knife. Manuel picks up a heavy rock with which to crush Jack. He loses his balance and falls backward, impaling himself on one of Jack\\'s spears, to Jennifer\\'s horror. Simultaneously, Maria impales Manuel\\'s effigy on a spike.\nOne year later, a yachting family drops anchor near the island and explores it, discovering Jennifer asleep in her hut. She, still somewhat distraught over Manuel\\'s death, leaves with them, but does not mention that her husband, who she has been forced to live with and depend on since Manuel\\'s death, is also on the island. Jack, who is fishing, sees her leaving on the yacht and calls out, but Jennifer, who had also stolen his lighter so he could not make any more fires, finally exacts revenge on him by ignoring him and the family inside the boat cannot hear him. Jack is abandoned on the island and his eventual fate is left ambiguous.\n- Billy Zane as Jack\n- Kelly Brook as Jennifer\n- Juan Pablo Di Pace as Manuel\n- Maria Victoria Di Pace as Maria\n- Todd Collins as Bill\n- Gabrielle Jourdan as Gail\n- Gary Brockette as Captain Richards\n- Isabelle Constantini as Maggie Richards\nThe film was produced during 2003 and was originally set for cinema release under the title *Three* in 2004.\nIn 2005, Billy Zane and Kelly Brook unsuccessfully challenged the film\\'s producers to remove Brook\\'s nude scenes from the movie.","parent_id":"e84b3ed70b291567c8c9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e84b3ed70b291567c8c9:2","document_content":"# Survival Island\n### Theatrical\n*Survival Island* went on limited cinematic release on 3 May 2006 in the United Kingdom before being released to DVD on 21 August 2006. The cinematic release lasted for just one week in many cinemas.\n\n### Home media\n*Survival Island* was released on DVD in the United States on 15 August 2006. It was also released theatrically in a number of European countries under its original title, *Three*. Actors Billy Zane and Kelly Brook met during the course of filming in 2004 and later became engaged. In 2005, Zane and Brook unsuccessfully challenged the film\\'s producers to remove Brook\\'s nude scenes from the movie. However, the eventual DVD release kept these scenes intact.\n\n### Critical response\n*Survival Island* received mostly negative reviews. On Rotten Tomatoes the film has an approval rating of based on reviews from critics. *Three* as it was known in the UK suffered from poor reviews, gaining a rare one-star rating on the BBC Movies website. Robert Hanks of *The Independent* said \\\"*Three* is an unholy amalgam of *Lord of the Flies*, *The Blue Lagoon* and *The Admirable Crichton* \\... At odd moments it rises to risibility, but mostly it is just dull\\...\\\" In a review for *Empire*, Adam Smith described the film as \\\"appalling\\\". *Time Out* in their review criticized the film\\'s tone saying, \\\"the dramatic score and writhing sex scenes imply an erotic thriller, but the camera treats pneumatic Brook like the subject of a cheap porno and the plot bears little resemblance to either genre. As the survivors bicker and allegiances change, it's hard to fathom their motivation or to glean what allegiances we, the audience, are expected to make.\\\"\n\n### Accolades\n**Wins**\n- Golden Trailer Awards: Golden Trailer -- Trashiest (2006)","parent_id":"e84b3ed70b291567c8c9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"37a63efeea4bd138cd15:0","document_content":"# The Silk Road (film)\n, also known as ***Dun-Huang***, is a 1988 Japanese film directed by Junya Sat\u014d. The movie was adapted from the 1959 novel *Tun-Huang* by Yasushi Inoue. The backdrop of the plotline is the Mogao Caves, a Buddhist manuscript trove in Dunhuang, Western China, located along the Silk Road during the Song dynasty in the 11th century.\nThe film was released in Japan and China on June 25, 1988. It was chosen as Best Film at the Japan Academy Prize ceremony. It is one of the highest-grossing Japanese films of all time.\n- Toshiyuki Nishida as Zhu Wangli, a commander of the Xi Xia empire\n- K\u014dichi Sat\u014d as Zhao Xingde, a student of Zhu Wangli\n- Anna Nakagawa as Tsurpia, a princess of an Uyghur kingdom\n- Tsunehiko Watase as Li Yuanhao, the Xi Xia emperor\n- Takahiro Tamura as Tsao Yanhui\n*The Silk Road* was the number one Japanese film on the domestic market in 1988, earning \u00a54.5 billion in distribution income that year. It was the third highest-grossing Japanese film up until then, after *Antarctica* and *The Adventures of Milo and Otis*, and remains one of the highest-grossing Japanese films. , the film has grossed a total of in Japan. In the United States, it grossed \\$123,959.\n- List of historical drama films of Asia\n- \n- \n- \n- \n-","parent_id":"37a63efeea4bd138cd15","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"186a87d1cc391a808e65:0","document_content":"# A Shot in the West\n***A Shot in the West*** is a 2006 low budget Western short film shot in the rundown council estate of Drumchapel, Glasgow. The film was written, directed and edited by three friends (Justin Burns, Bob Kelly and John Maguire). All sound and camera equipment was borrowed from a local community group. Many interior shots were filmed at a local public house, where the crew were allowed to take over the function suite for two and a half days. Catering was supplied by a local bakery. Costumes were either borrowed or provided by the cast.\nOnce most elements were in place producer\/director Bob Kelly approached actor David Hayman to ask for advice. However, David was so impressed by Bob\\'s enthusiasm and progress he offered to star in the movie. On the same day Zal Cleminson and Chris Glen from The Sensational Alex Harvey Band were with David Hayman. Being musicians they asked about the soundtrack. Bob informed them the soundtrack would be created by another friend, Stephen Maguire. They offered to help and a meeting and jam session with Stephen was set up. Stephen and The Sensational Alex Harvey Band got on well, so agreed to work on the soundtrack together.\nThe film follows a lonesome desperado known only as \\\"Gold Bullet\\\" as he arrives in a small western town \\'Last Valley\\' populated by thugs, rogues, gunslingers and businessmen. \\\"Gold Bullet\\\" is in town for one reason only, to collect a debt owed to him by a former employer Henry Wynn. Will Wynn give up the money or will it all end in bloodshed?\n- Alexander Watson \\... Gold Bullet\n- Zal Cleminson \\... Wilson\n- David Hayman \\... Henry Wynn\n- Ewan Black \\... Borrachonne\n- Robert Kelly \\... Gunslinger #1\n- Duncan Wilson \\... Gunslinger #2\n- Harry Garrity \\... Town Drunk\n- A Couple Pieces of Silver - Stephen Maguire and The Sensational Alex Harvey Band\n- Dressed to Kill - Alexander Watson and The Sensational Alex Harvey Band","parent_id":"186a87d1cc391a808e65","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e39bcff13a5841dfb91d:0","document_content":"# Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1978 film)\n***Invasion of the Body Snatchers*** is a 1978 American science-fiction horror film directed by Philip Kaufman and starring Donald Sutherland, Brooke Adams, Veronica Cartwright, Jeff Goldblum, and Leonard Nimoy. Released on December 22, 1978, it is based on the 1955 novel *The Body Snatchers* by Jack Finney. The novel was previously adapted into the 1956 film of the same name. The plot involves a San Francisco health inspector and his colleague who over the course of a few days discover that humans are being replaced by alien duplicates; each is a perfect copy of the person replaced, but devoid of human emotion.\nReleased in the United States over the Christmas weekend of 1978, *Invasion of the Body Snatchers* grossed nearly \\$25 million at the American box office. It initially received varied reviews from critics, though its critical reception has significantly improved in subsequent years, receiving a 92% on Rotten Tomatoes and also being hailed as one of the greatest remakes ever, as well as one of the best science-fiction horror films of all time.\nA race of gelatinous creatures abandons their dying planet and travels to Earth, landing in San Francisco. They take the form of small pods with pink flowers. Elizabeth Driscoll, a laboratory scientist at the San Francisco Health Department, brings one of the flowers to her home. She awakens the next morning to discover her boyfriend, Geoffrey Howell, acting cold and distant. Driscoll\\'s colleague, Matthew Bennell, advises her to visit psychiatrist David Kibner, who is giving a presentation of his new book. As Elizabeth and Matthew drive to the presentation, a hysterical civilian warns them of danger before being pursued by a mob and killed in a hit and run, with his body being observed by emotionless onlookers. At the bookstore, Elizabeth asks Kibner for help regarding Geoffrey, but he theorizes that Elizabeth is using the belief that Geoffrey is behaving differently as an excuse to interrupt their relationship. Meanwhile, Jack Bellicec, an aspiring writer and friend of Matthew, calls Matthew to investigate when a deformed body resembling Jack is found in his wife Nancy\\'s mud parlor. Matthew goes to Elizabeth to warn her, but discovers a semi-formed duplicate of her. Matthew rescues Elizabeth and alerts the police, but the duplicates of Jack and Elizabeth disappear before their arrival.","parent_id":"e39bcff13a5841dfb91d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e39bcff13a5841dfb91d:1","document_content":"# Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1978 film)\nElizabeth deduces that the flowers are involved and examines it at the health department, failing to find records of it, whilst Matthew unsuccessfully attempts to alert several government agencies and discovers that several close friends and associates have been duplicated. At night, Matthew and his friends are nearly duplicated as they sleep. Matthew calls the police, but realizes that the department has been duplicated. Matthew destroys the duplicates with an axe before escaping with the others. The \\\"Pods\\\" -- extraterrestrials who take the forms of sleeping humans as the originals crumble to ashes -- set off in pursuit of Matthew\\'s group. The duplicates emit a shrill scream when they discover a human being among them. Jack and Nancy create a distraction, allowing Matthew and Elizabeth to escape back into the city. Matthew and Elizabeth take refuge in the health department, where they take a large dose of speed, keeping them awake for several more hours. They are soon captured by Jack and Kibner, who were previously duplicated, and injected with sedatives whilst being informed of their intentions for survivability, though their previous dose of speed enables them to escape and kill Jack's duplicate whilst locking Kibner in a refrigerated room.","parent_id":"e39bcff13a5841dfb91d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e39bcff13a5841dfb91d:2","document_content":"# Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1978 film)\nMatthew and Elizabeth reunite with Nancy, who has learnt to evade the Pods through hiding her emotions. The two follow her example, but their cover is blown when Elizabeth screams at the sight of a mutant dog with a human face. They separate from Nancy in their escape and quickly board a truck delivering the plants to Pier 70, where the Pods are growing them and intending to ship them overseas to other widely populated cities. Whilst Matthew scouts the area in an attempt to flee aboard a vacant ship, Elizabeth soon falls asleep and is duplicated before the former returns. Horrified and enraged, Matthew breaks into the docks' warehouse and burns down the building, destroying several plants and killing many Pods, before hiding underneath the pier, with more Pods arriving in the area and searching for him, confidently asserting that he will soon fall asleep nevertheless. Soon after, Matthew returns to work at the health department with the duplicated employees, including Elizabeth, and witnesses several schoolchildren being taken for duplication whilst more plants are being prepared for the remaining West Coast cities. Afterwards, Matthew heads towards City Hall and encounters Nancy, who has remained human. When she smiles and calls out his name, Matthew points at her and shrieks, revealing that he is now a Pod person. Nancy, now the only human in the city, screams helplessly.\n- Donald Sutherland as Matthew Bennell\n- Brooke Adams as Elizabeth Driscoll\n- Jeff Goldblum as Jack Bellicec\n- Veronica Cartwright as Nancy Bellicec\n- Leonard Nimoy as Dr.\u00a0David Kibner\n- Art Hindle as Dr.\u00a0Geoffrey Howell\n- Lelia Goldoni as Katherine Hendley\n- Kevin McCarthy as Running Man (McCarthy starred in the original 1956 version as Dr.\u00a0Miles Bennell)\n- Don Siegel as Taxi Driver, Siegel was the director of the 1956 film version.\n- Tom Luddy as Ted Hendley\n- Stan Ritchie as Stan\n- David Fisher as Mr.\u00a0Gianni\n- Tom Dahlgren as Detective\n- Gary Goodrow as Boccardo\n- Jerry Walter as Henri, Restaurant Owner\n- Maurice Argent as Chef","parent_id":"e39bcff13a5841dfb91d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e39bcff13a5841dfb91d:3","document_content":"# Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1978 film)\nPhilip Kaufman\\'s wife Rose Kaufman played Outraged Woman, who argues with Jack at the book party, while Robert Duvall appeared as an uncredited priest on a swing, and Kaufman himself has two uncredited cameos - one as the man who bothers Bennell in a phone booth, and another as the voice of one of the officials whom Bennell contacts.\nDirector Philip Kaufman had been a fan of the 1956 film, which he likened to \\\"great radio\\\", although he had not read the novel until after he agreed to direct the film. \\\"I thought, \\'Well this doesn\\'t have to be a remake as such. It can be a new envisioning that was a variation on a theme,\\' he said on the film\\'s 40th anniversary. The first change he anticipated was filming in color; the second was changing the location to San Francisco. \\\"Could it happen in the city I love the most? The city with the most advanced, progressive therapies, politics and so forth? What would happen in a place like that if the pods landed there and that element of \\'poddiness\\' was spread?\\\"\nCinematographer Michael Chapman worked with Kaufman to try to capture the *film noir* feel of the original in color, reviewing some classics of that genre before production. Some of the elements they borrowed were shots with light giving way to shadow and shooting from evocative angles. They used certain color tinges to indicate that some characters were now pod people. \\\"When they\\'re running along the Embarcadero and the huge shadows appear first, those are sort of classic film noir images\\\", the director said.\nSound editor Ben Burtt, who had helped create many of the signature sounds from *Star Wars* the year before, also added to the film\\'s ambience. Natural sounds that mix with the city\\'s more industrial noises give way to just the latter as the film progresses. Among them are the grinding noises of garbage trucks, a common urban sound that slowly becomes horrific as it becomes clear that most of what they are processing is the discarded husks that remain of pre-pod human bodies. Burtt also designed the iconic shriek when pod people see a surviving human, a sound Kaufman said was composed of many elements, including a pig\\'s squeal.","parent_id":"e39bcff13a5841dfb91d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e39bcff13a5841dfb91d:4","document_content":"# Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1978 film)\nAll the special effects were created live for the camera. The scene at the beginning where the pods travel through space from their dead homeworld to San Francisco was one of the simplest. \\\"I found some viscous material in an art store, I think we paid \\$12 for a big vat of it, and then we dropped it into solutions and reversed the film\\\", Kaufman recalled. The dog with the banjo player\\'s face included a mechanism whereby the creature appeared to lick itself.\nThe film features a number of cameo appearances. Kevin McCarthy, who played Dr.\u00a0Miles Bennell in the original *Invasion of the Body Snatchers*, makes a brief appearance as an old man frantically screaming \\\"They\\'re coming!\\\" to passing cars on the street. Though not playing the same character, Kaufman meant McCarthy\\'s cameo as a nod to the original movie, as if he had been \\\"metaphorically\\\" running around the country since the original film shouting out his warnings. While they were filming the scene, in the Tenderloin, Kaufman recalls that a naked man lying on the street awoke and recognized McCarthy. After learning that they were filming the remake of the original *Invasion of the Body Snatchers*, he told McCarthy that that film was better. \\\"We were in the middle of shooting the film and we got our first review!\\\"\nThe original film\\'s director, Don Siegel, appears as a taxi driver who alerts the police to Matthew and Elizabeth\\'s attempt to flee the city. Robert Duvall is also seen briefly as a silent priest sitting on a swing set in the opening scene. Kaufman appears in dual roles both as a man wearing a hat who bothers Sutherland\\'s character in a phone booth, and the voice of one of the officials Sutherland\\'s character speaks to on the phone. His wife, Rose Kaufman, has a small role at the book party as the woman who argues with Jeff Goldblum\\'s character. Chapman appears twice as a janitor in the health department.","parent_id":"e39bcff13a5841dfb91d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e39bcff13a5841dfb91d:5","document_content":"# Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1978 film)\nMcCarthy and Siegel played a role in shaping the film\\'s twist ending. Before filming, Kaufman had sought out Siegel for advice, and while the two were talking in the latter\\'s office, McCarthy happened to come in. The topic eventually came around to the original film\\'s ending, which they regarded as \\\"pat\\\". After coming up with the ending he used, he kept it a secret from everyone involved in the filming except screenwriter W. D. Richter and producer Robert Solo. Sutherland was only informed of the scene the night before shooting; Kaufman is not sure Cartwright even knew until Sutherland turned around to point and shriek at her. The studio executives only learned of it when a cut was screened for them at George Lucas\\'s house.\nThe film score by Denny Zeitlin was released on Perseverance Records; it is the only film score Zeitlin has composed. Jerry Garcia of the Grateful Dead recorded the banjo parts.\nKaufman said of the casting of Nimoy, \\\"Leonard had got typecast and this film was an attempt to break him out of that\\\", referring to the similar quirks that Dr.\u00a0Kibner and his pod double had in common with Spock, the *Star Trek* character that Nimoy was best known for. According to Kaufman, it was Mike Medavoy, then head of production at United Artists, who suggested the casting of Donald Sutherland. Sutherland\\'s character had a similar curly hairstyle as that of another character he portrayed in *Don\\'t Look Now* (1973). \\\"They would have to set his hair with pink rollers every day\\\", recalled co-star Veronica Cartwright. According to Zeitlin, Sutherland\\'s character was originally written as an \\\"avocational jazz player\\\" early in development.\nThe director encouraged his actors to fill the spaces between dialogue with facial expressions. \\\"Often people on the set or at the studio are so worried about just getting content, and content is not necessarily going to make the scene full of humanity or feel compassion and amusement and humor\\\", Kaufman told *The Hollywood Reporter*. He particularly singled out the way Adams rolls her eyes in opposite directions while she and Sutherland have dinner as something that a pod person could not and would never do.","parent_id":"e39bcff13a5841dfb91d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e39bcff13a5841dfb91d:6","document_content":"# Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1978 film)\n### Box office\n*Invasion of the Body Snatchers* premiered in the United States on December 22, 1978, showing on 445 screens nationally. Between its premiere and December 25, the film had earned a total of \\$1,298,129 in box office sales. It would go on to gross a total of nearly \\$25 million in the United States.\nOn the film\\'s 40th anniversary, Kaufman believes the film may have seemed timely when it came out since the Jonestown mass suicide had occurred a month earlier and still dominated the news: \\\"That was a case of a lot of people from San Francisco were looking for a better world and suddenly found themselves in pod-dom, and it was fatal. It could not have been a more pointed reason for watching the movie.\\\"\n\n### Critical reception\n#### Contemporaneous\n*The New Yorker*s Pauline Kael was a particular fan of the film, writing that it \\\"may be the best film of its kind ever made\\\". *Variety* wrote that it \\\"validates the entire concept of remakes. This new version of Don Siegel\\'s 1956 cult classic not only matches the original in horrific tone and effect, but exceeds it in both conception and execution.\\\" Gene Siskel gave the film three stars out of four and said it was \\\"one of the more entertaining films in what has turned out to be a dismal Christmas movie season\\\". Kevin Thomas of the *Los Angeles Times* called it \\\"a thoroughly scary success in its own right. Not literally a remake---it\\'s more of a sequel, actually---this handsome, highly imaginative film generates its own implications from Finney\\'s sturdy allegory of dehumanization and manages even to have some fun in the process.\\\"","parent_id":"e39bcff13a5841dfb91d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e39bcff13a5841dfb91d:7","document_content":"# Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1978 film)\n### Critical reception\n#### Contemporaneous\nThe film was not without negative criticism. *The New York Times*s Janet Maslin wrote that the \\\"creepiness Kaufman generates is so crazily ubiquitous it becomes funny.\\\" Roger Ebert wrote that it \\\"was said to have something to do with Watergate and keeping tabs on those who are not like you\\\", and called Kael\\'s praise for the film \\\"inexplicable\\\", while *Time* magazine\\'s Richard Schickel labeled its screenplay \\\"laughably literal\\\". Phil Hardy\\'s *Aurum Film Encyclopedia* called Kaufman\\'s direction \\\"less sure\\\" than the screenplay.\nThe film received a nomination from the Writers Guild of America for Best Drama Adapted from Another Medium. The film was also nominated for the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation. It was also recognized by the Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy and Horror Films. Philip Kaufman won Best Director, and the film was nominated Best Science Fiction Film. Donald Sutherland, Brooke Adams, and Leonard Nimoy received additional nominations for their performances.\n\n#### Subsequent assessment\n*Invasion of the Body Snatchers* (1978) has been named among the greatest film remakes ever made, by several publications, including *Rolling Stone*.\nFilm scholar M. Keith Booker posited that the film\\'s \\\"paranoid atmosphere\\\" links it to other films outside the science fiction genre, and that it \\\"bears a clear family resemblance to paranoid conspiracy thrillers like Alan J. Pakula\\'s *The Parallax View* (1974)\\\". Chris Barsanti, in *The Sci-Fi Movie Guide* (2014), praised the performances of Adams and Sutherland, but criticized some elements of the film, writing: \\\"The subtlety of Donald Siegel\\'s original gives way to gaudy f\/x and self-consciously artsy camerawork \\... the film is overindulgently long, too, though it certainly has its shocking moments.\\\"","parent_id":"e39bcff13a5841dfb91d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e39bcff13a5841dfb91d:8","document_content":"# Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1978 film)\n### Critical reception\n#### Subsequent assessment\nOn review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has received an approval rating of 92% based on 61 reviews, with an average rating of 8.1\/10. The site\\'s consensus reads, \\\"Employing gritty camerawork and evocative sound effects, *Invasion of the Body Snatchers* is a powerful remake that expands upon themes and ideas only lightly explored in the original.\\\" On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 75 out of 100 based on 15 critics, indicating \\\"generally favorable reviews\\\".\nIn a 2018 review published by *Complex*, the film was ranked among the greatest science fiction films of all time: \\\"*Invasion of the Body Snatchers* is doubly impressive; it both improves upon the \\'56 film and Jack Finney\\'s literary source material with a scarier disposition and more layered character development.\\\"","parent_id":"e39bcff13a5841dfb91d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e39bcff13a5841dfb91d:9","document_content":"# Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1978 film)\n### Critical reception\n#### Analysis\nThe German scholar Christian Kn\u00f6ppler noted that the film was in many ways a lamentation for the end of the counterculture of the 1960s that was especially associated with San Francisco. Philip Kaufman has described the 1960s as a brief moment of time when Americans \\\"woke up from the conforming, other-directed life\\\" that he views as characteristic of American life. Both the characters of Matthew and Elizabeth appear to be \\\"ex-hippies\\\" who have abandoned their youthful utopian dreams sometime in the 1970s by going to work for the city of San Francisco as health inspectors, thereby becoming part of \\\"the system\\\", which foreshadows both characters\\' replacement by the pod people. Likewise, the Bellices are products of the counterculture of the 1960s. Jack Bellice wears a shabby U.S. Army jacket and has a deep distrust of the U.S. government, which implies that he was involved in protest movements in the past, perhaps against the Vietnam war. Likewise, Nancy Bellice believes in UFOs and has a fondness for pseudoscientific literature such as Immanuel Velikovsky\\'s 1950 book *Worlds in Collision*, which strongly suggests that she believes \\\"in some sort of New Age esotericism\\\". Kn\u00f6ppler wrote: \\\"For the Bellices, the revelation of an inhuman, all-encompassing conspiracy that enforces mindless conformity is hardly a paradigm shift-it is the world they already live in. Consequently, the Bellices and Nancy in particular adopt to the new situation rather quickly\\\". Notably, Nancy\\'s \\\"esoteric UFO beliefs\\\" allow her to be the first character to deduce the origins of the pod people and what they are doing, through in the end, the countercultural background of the Bellicies only proves to a marginal advantage as \\\"they cannot escape assimilation by the pods, they just see it coming\\\".","parent_id":"e39bcff13a5841dfb91d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e39bcff13a5841dfb91d:10","document_content":"# Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1978 film)\n### Critical reception\n#### Analysis\nThe film offers a strong critique of consumerism. The character of Geoffrey spends his free time mindlessly watching television commercials, a trait that is continued by the pod version of him. The pod version of Geoffrey tells Matthew and Elizabeth to accept being replaced because \\\"nothing changes, you have the same life, the same clothes, the same car\\\", a statement that implies that materialism is the only thing that matters in life, and which Geoffrey believes will entice Matthew and Elizabeth to accept being replaced. Likewise, the soulless, emotion-free life of the pod people is presented as an improvement by the pod version of Dr.\u00a0Kibner who says \\\"You\\'ll be born again into an untroubled world. Free of anxiety, fear, hate\\\". In the 1956 version, the equivalent statement was \\\"You\\'ll be born again into an untroubled world. Free of love, desire, ambition and faith\\\", a change of emphasis that implies it is only unwanted emotions that are the issue in 1978 as compared to 1956. The film argues that people in 1970s San Francisco were already living in disengaged states, having shallow relationships with other people; instinctively seeking distance from any problems; and being so preoccupied with consumerism that this allows the pod people to take over San Francisco without much of the population noticing what is going on. Notably, when the running man tries to warn Matthew and Elizabeth, they shun him as a nuisance. When the running man is killed by the pod people, Matthew and Elizabeth do not stop their car and instead drive on to Dr.\u00a0Kibner\\'s party to avoid being late, blithely trusting that the authorities will handle the incident. At the party, Dr.\u00a0Kibner tells Elizabeth \\\"you want to shut your feelings off, withdraw. Maybe make believe it wasn\\'t happening, because then you don\\'t have to deal with it\\\", a diagnosis that she admits is an accurate summary of her issues with Geoffrey . It is not clear if Dr.\u00a0Kibner is a pod duplicate or not at this point in the film, and accordingly it is impossible to judge if this is a sincere statement or an attempt to keep Elizabeth from learning the truth. Regardless, the film does argue that a trend towards \\\"emotional disengagement and apathy\\\" was already prevalent in San Francisco that prefigures the state of being a pod person, who have no feelings at all. Through the pod people are aliens, the film maintains that the state of being a pod person is merely pushing present trends in American life to their logical extremes.","parent_id":"e39bcff13a5841dfb91d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e39bcff13a5841dfb91d:11","document_content":"# Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1978 film)\n### Critical reception\n#### Analysis\nBy the 1970s, there were concerns about the decline of the nuclear family and with it traditional American values. Early on, Dr.\u00a0Kibner states that \\\"the whole family unit is shot to hell\\\", which explains the dysfunctional lives of many Americans. Despite the film\\'s sympathy for the counterculture, Kn\u00f6ppler notes that the film does seem to express some approval of this thesis, as notably the married Bellices seem more happy than Elizabeth does with her common-law relationship with Geoffrey. The character of Dr.\u00a0Kibner, a successful author of vapid self-help books, satirizes many of the pop-psychiatry \\\"self-help gurus\\\" who were popular at the time. Before any evidence of the pod people has emerged, Jack has only already accused Dr.\u00a0Kibner of trying to \\\"change people to fit the world\\\", a description that equally fits with the pod version of Dr.\u00a0Kibner. The film expresses much distrust of psychiatrists such as Kibner, who are portrayed as seeking to limit the human experiences and with promoting a deracinated consumerism. Unlike the 1956 version, where the U.S. government is presented as a benign force, which once alerted to the pod invasion, promptly took action by organizing a quarantine of the pod-infested small town of Santa Mira (through this happy ending was added at the insistence of the studio), the government is presented as a far more sinister and malign force in the 1978 version. The pod people have appeared to taken complete control of the state, and ruthlessly use the power of the state to complete their conquest of the earth. Even the few civil servants who have possibly not been replaced appear as ineffective. Kn\u00f6ppler argued that the change in the view of the government from 1956 to 1978 reflected the legacy of the Vietnam war and the Watergate scandal, which caused many Americans to have a jaundiced view of their government.","parent_id":"e39bcff13a5841dfb91d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e39bcff13a5841dfb91d:12","document_content":"# Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1978 film)\n### Home video\n*Invasion of the Body Snatchers* was released on VHS and DVD in the United States, Australia and many European countries. The film was released on Blu-ray Disc in the United States in 2010 and in the United Kingdom in 2013 by MGM Home Entertainment. Then released once more on Blu-ray by The Shout! Factory in the United States and Canada in 2016 with a 2K scan of the interpositive in addition to new and legacy extras. That release has since been out of print. An Ultra HD Blu-ray was released on November 23, 2021 through Kino Lorber who also re-released the Blu-ray on February 1, 2022.\nThe Chicago Film Critics Association named it the 59th-scariest film ever made.\nThe film was parodied in the 2012 *SpongeBob SquarePants* episode \\\"Planet of the Jellyfish\\\" featuring characters from Bikini Bottom being replaced by alien clones in their sleep. A brief scene involving Spongebob\\'s pet snail Gary having his clone hybridized with a houseplant is a direct reference to the 1978 remake\\'s dog hybrid.\nIn 2018, Starkid Productions would later make a musical that is heavily based on this film named *The Guy Who Didn\\'t Like Musicals*.\n- List of science fiction horror films\n- List of science fiction films of the 1970s\n- List of American films of 1978\n<!-- -->\n- \n- \n-","parent_id":"e39bcff13a5841dfb91d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a4367afc2d4c845c85bd:0","document_content":"# Body Snatchers (1993 film)\n***Body Snatchers*** is a 1993 American science fiction horror film directed by Abel Ferrara and starring Gabrielle Anwar, Billy Wirth, Terry Kinney, Meg Tilly, Christine Elise, R. Lee Ermey, and Forest Whitaker. It is loosely based on the 1955 novel *The Body Snatchers* by Jack Finney, with a screenplay by Nicholas St.\u00a0John, Stuart Gordon, and Dennis Paoli.\n*Body Snatchers* is the third film adaptation of Finney\\'s novel, the first being *Invasion of the Body Snatchers* in 1956, followed by a second adaptation of the same name in 1978. The plot is centered around the discovery that people working at a military base in Alabama are being replaced by perfect physical imitations grown from plantlike pods. The duplicates are indistinguishable from normal people except for their utter lack of emotion.\nBody Snatchers was released on May 15, 1993, and received generally positive reviews from critics, who praised the likeliness, realism, and special effects, though it was criticized for its plot.\nSteve Malone, an agent from the Environmental Protection Agency, is sent to a military base in Alabama to test possible effects on the surrounding ecological system caused by military actions. With him is his teenage daughter from his first marriage, Marti, his second wife Carol, and Marti\\'s half brother Andy. On their way to the base, they stop at a gas station. In the restroom, Marti is threatened by an MP member with a knife. When he notices her fear, he lets go of her, satisfied that she shows an emotional response. Before she leaves the room, he warns her, \\\"they get you when you sleep\\\".\nSteve and his family move into their new home on the base, and Marti makes friends with the base commander\\'s daughter Jenn. On his first day in day care, Andy runs away because he is recognized as an outsider among the other somehow conformist children. He is picked up and brought home by helicopter pilot Tim. Marti and Tim quickly feel attracted to each other. Meanwhile, while examining soil samples, Steve is approached by medical officer Major Collins, who asks him about psychological effects, particularly narcophobia (the fear of sleep), and their possible relation to toxication of the environment. Steve believes that a physiological reaction would be more likely.","parent_id":"a4367afc2d4c845c85bd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a4367afc2d4c845c85bd:1","document_content":"# Body Snatchers (1993 film)\nIn the evening, Marti and Jenn go to the bar attended by the station\\'s military personnel, where they meet not only Tim but also the MP who threatened Marti at the gas station. He denies that they ever met before. That night, a group of soldiers can be seen picking giant pods from the river running by the base. When Andy wakes up and enters his mother\\'s room, Carol\\'s body crumbles to dust, while a naked soulless double emerges from the closet. Nobody believes Andy\\'s story that his real mother is dead and the person pretending to be Carol is only an impostor.\nThe following night, Marti and her father are nearly \\\"taken over\\\" too by duplicates emerging from the giant pods. Carol attempts to convince Steve that the takeover is a good thing, claiming that it ends confusion and anger. She also claims that there\\'s no place to go, as the events at the base are not an isolated incident. Steve is almost shocked and saddened into compliance, but Marti and Andy drag him out the door. Carol emits a shrill and mechanical scream that alerts other \\\"pod people\\\" to the presence of a human being. Now the majority in numbers, they swarm over the base chasing the remaining humans.\nAfter hiding Marti and Andy in a warehouse, Steve enters Major Collins\\' office. The hysterical Major tries to call for help, but the line is blocked. While swallowing sleep-prevention pills Collins announces that it is too late to run; all they can do is fight. Their conversation is interrupted by the arrival of a group of pod people, led by base commander General Platt. While Steve hides, the pod people try to convince the Major that the individual is not important, and that only conformity can solve the world\\'s problems. The Major shoots himself rather than live in such a world.","parent_id":"a4367afc2d4c845c85bd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a4367afc2d4c845c85bd:2","document_content":"# Body Snatchers (1993 film)\nSteve returns to his children and tells them to follow him, claiming to have found a way out. They drive aimlessly through the military base, as loudspeakers shout out instructions for spreading the invasion by carrying out pods in trucks. Realizing that her father was replicated while he was away, Marti swerves the car to the side and tries to escape with her brother. Tim, who escaped his former comrades who tried to turn him into one of them, suddenly appears and Marti takes his gun and shoots the Steve duplicate. Pod Steve\\'s body shrinks into a mass of seething, bloody goo.\nTim manages to get hold of a helicopter gunship, but Marti and Andy are taken away by the pod people. They sedate both of them and take them to the base infirmary where the remaining human beings are being systematically duplicated by pods. Tim is able to rescue Marti, despite her naked pod duplicate trying to seduce him. Incomplete, it dies when he pulls its connecting tendrils off Marti.\nMarti and Tim leave the building, pretending to be pod people so they can get to Tim\\'s helicopter to escape. However, they are spotted by Jenn, now a pod duplicate, who gets suspicious and tells Marti she saw Andy looking for her. When Marti reacts by displaying emotion, Jenn responds by giving out a pod scream to alert the other pod people. Tim and Marti manage to get in the helicopter and are joined at the last minute by Andy who runs up to them. But right after taking off, Andy, who is actually a pod duplicate, attacks both and tries to bring down the helicopter. After a short scuffle, a heartbroken Marti is forced to throw Pod-Andy out of the helicopter and he gives out a pod scream while falling to his death.\nThe ending of the film is an ambiguous one. Tim destroys the trucks filled with pods with the helicopter\\'s rockets, while Marti confesses her profound hatred in a voice-over narration, thereby hinting at a loss of humanitarian quality. While they land on another base, the words of Marti\\'s replaced stepmother earlier in the film can be heard, suggesting that the phenomenon may have already spread beyond the army base: \\\"Where you gonna go, where you gonna run, where you gonna hide? Nowhere\\... \\'cause there\\'s no one like you left.\\\"","parent_id":"a4367afc2d4c845c85bd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a4367afc2d4c845c85bd:3","document_content":"# Body Snatchers (1993 film)\n- Gabrielle Anwar as Marti Malone\n- Terry Kinney as Steve Malone\n- Billy Wirth as Tim Young\n- Meg Tilly as Carol Malone\n- Reilly Murphy as Andy Malone\n- Christine Elise as Jenn Platt\n- R. Lee Ermey as General Platt\n- Forest Whitaker as Major Matthew Collins\n- Kathleen Doyle as Diana Platt\n- G. Elvis Phillips as Pete\n- Tonea Stewart as Mrs.\u00a0Fitzpatrick\nWarner Brothers released *Body Snatchers* to only a few dozen theaters, and consequently its domestic gross was a mere \\$428,868.\nThe film marked director Ferrara\\'s first venture into the science fiction genre. Producer Robert H. Solo had already produced its 1978 predecessor *Invasion of the Body Snatchers*.\n*Body Snatchers* was shown in competition at the 1993 Cannes Film Festival, receiving very positive reviews from some critics. Roger Ebert considered it superior to the previous adaptations of Finney\\'s famous novel and in his review (February 25, 1994) gave it four stars out of four, praising it for psychological realism and social criticism. Ebert stated \\\"as sheer moviemaking, it is skilled and knowing, and deserves the highest praise you can give a horror film: It works\\\". Nick Shager of the horror film review site *Lessons of Darkness* said in his 2006 review of the film, \\\"this economical horror show still offers a few stunning moments of paranoia-laced terror\\\". Blake Davis of *KFOR Channel 4 News* said of the film: \\\"One of the creepiest and most overlooked horror movies made in the past decade, featuring a strong, scary turn by Meg Tilly\\\".\nHowever, some critics panned the film --- Richard Harrington of *The Washington Post(February 18, 1994) called it \\\"a soulless replica of Don Siegel\\'s 1956 model and Philip Kaufman\\'s 1978 update\\\". Owen Gleiberman noted in*Entertainment Weekly\\'\\' (February 11, 1994), \\\"the notion of a military base as a symbol of mindless conformity isn\\'t exactly revelatory, and the characters remain sketchy and underdeveloped.\\\"","parent_id":"a4367afc2d4c845c85bd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a4367afc2d4c845c85bd:4","document_content":"# Body Snatchers (1993 film)\nBased on 30 reviews, the film holds a 70% on Rotten Tomatoes with an average rating of 6.2 out of 10. The site\\'s critics\\' consensus states: \\\"*Body Snatchers* may not topple previous adaptions, but it boasts an effective sense of dread and strong characterizations.\\\"\nThe largest difference in this version of the story is that it takes place on an Army base in Alabama, unlike a small California town in the original novel and the first adaptation filmed in 1956, or in San Francisco like in the 1978 remake. While the first two films portrayed the tightly organized, conformist \\\"pod society\\\" invading a free civil society, Ferrara\\'s film, according to *Chicago Sun-Times* film critic Roger Ebert, made a connection between \\\"the Army\\'s code of rigid conformity, and the behavior of the pod people, who seem like a logical extension of the same code\\\".\n*Body Snatchers* is the film which departs the farthest from the original novel, compared to the 1956 and 1978 versions. While Steve Malone, like the doctors Bennell in the earlier films, also has a medical\/scientific profession, the main character in this film is his daughter Marti. The character of Becky\/Elizabeth (Bennell\\'s love interest and his companion during his escape attempt from the invaders) is dropped completely, as are Bennell\\'s acquaintances and later antagonists Dr.\u00a0Kaufman\/Kibner and the Belicecs. Re-invented, however, are two elements which had been dropped from the 1978 version: A young boy (named Jimmy Grimaldi in the 1956 version, here Marti\\'s half brother Andy) claims that his mother is not his \\\"real\\\" mother. Also, the film features a voice-over narration by the main character. Two ideas invented by the 1978 version are picked up here again: The mortal remains of the \\\"original\\\" human beings are picked up by garbage trucks, and the duplicates utter an otherworldly scream when they discover a genuine human, thereby calling assistance from other pod people.","parent_id":"a4367afc2d4c845c85bd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a4367afc2d4c845c85bd:5","document_content":"# Body Snatchers (1993 film)\nThe German scholar Christian Kn\u00f6ppler wrote that the 1993 version kept the same basic outline as the previous versions, but altered the story by making a rebellious teenage girl the protagonist while making the male doctor\/scientist character who served as the protagonist in the previous versions a secondary character. The replacement of a male protagonist with a female one reflected a trend towards female protagonists in horror films in the 1980s-1990s, often known as the \\'Final Girl\\' archetype. In many ways, the film tells an especially vicious coming-of-age narrative as Marti\\'s family is destroyed and at the end all she has left is her boyfriend Tim. Kn\u00f6ppler noted that Marti\\'s family was highly dysfunctional to begin with, and her killing the pod versions of her family members reflected a tendency towards rejecting her own family that was already present even before she encountered the \\\"pod people\\\". Kn\u00f6ppler noted that despite the strong female protagonist that there is \\\"a noticeable undercurrent of monstrous femininity and sexuality\\\" in the film as it is Carol and the other housewives at the Army base are replaced first and it is Carol who acts as the primary antagonist. The way that the pod version of Carol almost replaces Steve while trying to seduce him suggests a fear of women. Meg Tilly\\'s performance as Carol evokes many of the stereotypes associated with malevolent femininity. Another example of a female antagonist is the short-lived pod version of Marti who appears nude before Tim, and notably he hesitates for a moment before killing her to save the real Marti, a scene that Kn\u00f6ppler sees as an expression of \\\"male sexual insecurity\\\" that reflects both a fear of and a desire for female bodies. Kn\u00f6ppler also noted that the 1993 version actually showed the replacement progress with a scene where a pod forces its tendrils into Marti\\'s body as she struggles against them, a scene that powerfully evokes rape.","parent_id":"a4367afc2d4c845c85bd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a4367afc2d4c845c85bd:6","document_content":"# Body Snatchers (1993 film)\nKn\u00f6ppler argued that the film seemed to be a critique of modern American life as the pod people succeed in taking over the Army base because of the military culture of conformity and succeed in replacing families because families are conformist, suggesting it was internal weakness already present that allowed their triumph and the pod invasion only intensifies preexisting trends. Notably, the only characters who are not replaced are Tim and Marti, both of whom are non-conformists and rebels against conformist institutions, namely the military in the case of Tim and the family in the case of Marti. Kn\u00f6ppler noted that it is very telling that when Tim pretends to be a pod person, the only metaphor he can think of to describe the pod community is \\\"one big happy family\\\". Unlike other versions of *The Invasion of the Body Snatchers*, the Malone family is portrayed as dysfunctional and fractured at the start of the film, which was very far from the idealized nuclear families presented in the 1956 version. Likewise, the only other family presented in the film, the Platt family, are just as dysfunctional with General Platt a stern martinet, Mrs.\u00a0Platt an alcoholic and Jen a rebellious teenager who is openly contemptuous of her parents. Kn\u00f6ppler noted that one can trace the perceived decline of the American family over the three versions of *The Invasion of the Body Snatchers*. In the 1956 version, more or less happy nuclear families were presented as the norm; early on in the 1978 version the character of Dr.\u00a0Kibner declares that \\\"the nuclear family is shot to hell\\\"; and in the 1993 version broken and dysfunctional families were presented as the norm. The fact that Carol is replaced first literalizes the resentment felt by Marti towards her step-mother who has already \\\"invaded\\\" her family. Some critics see the character of Steve as the \\\"beleaguered male\\\" archetype popular in 1990s films trying to hold together his family which is fractured first by Marti\\'s rebellion and then by Carol being replaced. However, the fact that Marti is the likeable protagonist while Steve notably fails in protecting his family undercuts this reading","parent_id":"a4367afc2d4c845c85bd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a4367afc2d4c845c85bd:7","document_content":"# Body Snatchers (1993 film)\nKn\u00f6ppler also noted that the first film was set in an idealized small town in California while the second film was set in San Francisco, both of which were fairly general representations of American life while the third film chosen to focus on a subculture by moving the story to an U.S. Army base in the South. He argued that by this change in settling the film moved from a critique of American life in general to a critique of a subculture. The Army base is a closed community with a fixed hierarchy and a highly conformist culture, and the film seems to suggest that \\\"\\...the military mentality makes it impossible to distinguish those who are professional soldiers from those who are pods\\\". One critic sums up the film\\'s attitude as: \\\"It is perhaps an oversimplification to say *Body Snatchers* treats America\\'s armed forces with the complete and total contempt they deserve, but to a large degree it is true\\\". The only exceptions are Major Collins, the base\\'s doctor and Tim, a slightly non-conformist helicopter pilot. Tim has killed people during the Gulf War of 1991, but he is portrayed as a sensitive type who is not entirely comfortable with what he has done. Throughout the film, the soldiers at the base appear both conformist and generally threatening, and their faces are usually obscured by dim lighting, limiting their individuality. Likewise, in the scene where the pod version of General Platt confronts Dr.\u00a0Collins, the former promotes a version of the world without individuality as the best way to end conflict while the pod people say in chorus: \\\"it\\'s the race that\\'s important, not the individual\\\". The emphasis on the collective and \\\"the race\\\" subtly evokes fascism. The way that Collins shouts back \\\"the individual is always important\\\" before he shoots himself elevates the question of collectivism vs.\u00a0individualism to an existential level.","parent_id":"a4367afc2d4c845c85bd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a4367afc2d4c845c85bd:8","document_content":"# Body Snatchers (1993 film)\nUnlike the previous versions, intellectuals are portrayed more favorably with the scientist Steve and Dr.\u00a0Collins sounding the alarm while the main spokesman for the pod people is General Platt. Kn\u00f6ppler suggests that both the film\\'s intellectuals prove to be ineffectual reflects the film\\'s general distrust of experts. In the 1978 version, Leonard Nimoy, an actor associated with \\\"benevolent rationality\\\" characters was cast as the main spokesman for the pod people while in the 1993 version, R. Lee Ermey, an actor associated with playing \\\"abusive military authority\\\" characters played the analogous role. In the first and second films, the main spokesmen for the pod people were men who previously been psychiatrists, suggesting a fear of psychiatry with its power to mold minds. Kn\u00f6ppler argued that the relatively more favorable picture of intellectuals was due to the fact in the previous versions it was the \\\"pure rationality\\\" of the pod people associated with science and intellectualism that was their main characteristic while in the 1993 version it was their conformity and collectivism that was their main characteristic. However, despite the film\\'s anti-militarism, the conclusion of the film where Tim and Marti wage all-out war against the pod people which Marti justifies in her narration as being \\\"only human\\\" suggests a military response is the only rational one to the invasion of the pod people and appears to be imply that war is a natural part of the human condition.\n- Top 3 \\\"Best in-your-face exploitation\\\" (not ranked)\u00a0-- Glenn Lovell, *San Jose Mercury News*\n- Dishonorable mention\u00a0-- William Arnold, *Seattle Post-Intelligencer*\n- List of science fiction horror films\n- List of American films of 1993\n- Tibbetts, John C., and James M. Welsh, eds.\u00a0*The Encyclopedia of Novels Into Film* (2nd ed.\u00a02005) pp 36--39.\n-","parent_id":"a4367afc2d4c845c85bd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c1c5899601d8877de53a:0","document_content":"# Viva Cuba\n***Viva Cuba*** is a 2005 Cuban film, directed by Juan Carlos Cremata and Iraida Malberti Cabrera, and written by Cremata and Manolito Rodriguez. It was the first Cuban film to be awarded the 'Grand Prix \u00c9crans Juniors' for children\\'s cinema at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival.\nIn *Viva Cuba*, a road movie fairy tale, Cremata tackles localized Cuban problems from the literal point of view of the country\\'s children. He lowers the camera to the eye level of the film\\'s protagonists, Mal\u00fa (Mal\u00fa Tarrau Broche) and Jorgito (Jorgito Mil\u00f3 \u00c1vila).\n*Viva Cuba* is a Cuban independent film that explores emigration and the effects it can have on children who have to leave friends and extended families behind. Youngsters are often uprooted without being consulted and then must contend with their new surroundings. In one scene, Mal\u00fa and Jorgito discuss when they might reunite. The best they can hope for is to forget one another as their lives change and they face new pleasures and challenges. The viewer knows they are unlikely to ever see each other again, unless Mal\u00fa\\'s mother can be granted re-entry, which is extremely unlikely given the state of Cuban immigration laws.\n*Viva Cuba* takes place in Cuba and the two main characters are Mal\u00fa, who comes from a middle-class family and is raised by her single mother, and Jorgito, whose mother is a poor socialist and his father an alcoholic. The film uses the two children from two different backgrounds to show how these children symbolize the people of Cuba and whether or not they can predict the outcomes of the future.\nWhat neither woman recognizes is the immense strength of the bond between Mal\u00fa and Jorgito. Following the death of Mal\u00fa\\'s grandmother, the children find out that Mal\u00fa\\'s mother is planning to leave Cuba to go to another country, where she has a boyfriend, Jorgito suggests they run away and travel to the other side of the island to find Mal\u00fa\\'s father and persuade him against signing the forms that would allow Mal\u00fa and her mother to leave the country, followed by him saying that if they were to hug strongly, they would be inseparable, even if Mal\u00fa were to leave Cuba.","parent_id":"c1c5899601d8877de53a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c1c5899601d8877de53a:1","document_content":"# Viva Cuba\nBoth children are seen preparing for the journey as their social statuses greatly contrast. Mal\u00fa\\'s clean clothes and her plastic drinking cup at breakfast and her toys are compared to Jorgito\\'s uncleaned clothes and the use of a metal cup for breakfast. The two children embark on their journey, avoiding the police sent to search for the two of them. The disappearance of both children bring their mothers closer together in their grief.\nJorgito loses the map he brought with him and tensions rise between the two children. Not to mention, Mal\u00fa sang on stage at a festival that was broadcast over the air. The kids\\' parents saw Mal\u00fa on TV and had the implication that Mal\u00fa and Jorgito were, in fact, traveling towards the lighthouse. Jorgito then becomes infuriated with Mal\u00fa.\nThey insult each other; Mal\u00fa brings up Jorgito\\'s social status, and Jorgito calls Mal\u00fa\\'s mother a slut. However, they were stuck with each other for the rest of the journey. One day, Mal\u00fa gets hungry, and the two kids find a tent containing tons of food and goods, although they don\\'t know who it belongs to. The kids fight over who gets to eat what food until the owner of the tent arrives, asking why they were trespassing. Mal\u00fa explains their story, while she and Jorgito also try to explain that they didn\\'t want to be friends anymore. The owner of the tent tells them that true friends always stay friends, even if they fight, causing Mal\u00fa and Jorgito\\'s bond to reform.","parent_id":"c1c5899601d8877de53a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c1c5899601d8877de53a:2","document_content":"# Viva Cuba\nWhen they reach the lighthouse where Mal\u00fa\\'s father works, the forms had already been signed before she could persuade him otherwise. The parents (minus Mal\u00fa\\'s father), having reached the lighthouse before the kids got there, begin to beat their children and argue among each other. The two children run away from the fight and console each other on a cliff, as a large wave washes over them and the film ends.\nAfter this tough and long journey the children realize at the end that they cannot stop what is going to happen, just the same that the people of Cuba can fight for a change and it probably will not happen. The children then run off and stand on top of a cliff, they hug, and the water storms on top of them. It can be implied that they jumped off because they were unhappy with the outcome. This symbolizing that the people of Cuba during this time were also still unhappy with the way things were going and that they cannot change them. Another implied ending is that after the children hug they jump off the cliff and commit suicide. The end of the film is unknown to what exactly happened whether the children lived or died, just as the future of Cuba during that time was unknown as to whether things would become better or worse. The children symbolize how people of Cuba were reacting during that time. They were unaware of what exactly from the past will impact their future and just how drastic those changes will be towards the future of Cuba.\nTaking place in Cuba, Mal\u00fa is from a middle-class family and her single mother does not want her to play with Jorgito, as she thinks his background is coarse and common-place. Jorgito\\'s mother, a poor socialist proud of her family\\'s social standing, places similar restrictions on her son. What neither women recognize is the immense strength of the bond between Mal\u00fa and Jorgito. Following the death of Mal\u00fa\\'s grandmother, the children find out that Mal\u00fa\\'s mother is planning to leave Cuba to go to another country, where she has a boyfriend, Jorgito suggests they run away and travel to the other side of the island to find Mal\u00fa\\'s father and persuade him against signing the forms that would allow Mal\u00fa and her mother to leave the country, followed by him saying that if they were to hug strongly, they would be inseparable, even if Mal\u00fa were to leave Cuba.","parent_id":"c1c5899601d8877de53a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c1c5899601d8877de53a:3","document_content":"# Viva Cuba\nBoth children are seen preparing for the journey as their social statuses are greatly contrasted. Mal\u00fa\\'s clean clothes and her plastic drinking cup at breakfast and her toys are compared to Jorgito\\'s uncleaned clothes and the use of a metal cup for breakfast. The two children embark on their journey, avoiding the police sent to search for the two of them. The disappearing of both children bring their two mothers closer together in their grief.\nJorgito loses the map he brought with him and tensions rise between the two children. Not to mention, Mal\u00fa sung on stage at a festival that was broadcast over the air. The kids\\' parents saw Mal\u00fa on TV and had the implication that Mal\u00fa and Jorgito were, in fact, traveling towards the lighthouse. Jorgito then becomes infuriated with Mal\u00fa.\nThey insult each other; Mal\u00fa brings up Jorgito\\'s social status, and Jorgito calls Mal\u00fa\\'s mother a slut. However, they were stuck with each other for the rest of the journey. One day, Mal\u00fa gets hungry, and the two kids find a tent containing tons of food and goods, although they don\\'t know who it belongs to. The kids fight over who gets to eat what food until the owner of the tent arrives asking why they were trespassing. Mal\u00fa explains their story, while she and Jorgito also try to explain that they didn\\'t want to be friends anymore. The owner of the tent tells them that true friends always stay friends, even if they fight, causing Mal\u00fa and Jorgito\\'s bond to reform.","parent_id":"c1c5899601d8877de53a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c1c5899601d8877de53a:4","document_content":"# Viva Cuba\nWhen they reach the lighthouse where Mal\u00fa\\'s father works, the forms had already been signed before she could persuade him otherwise. The parents (minus Mal\u00fa\\'s father), having reached the lighthouse before the kids got there, begin to beat their children and argue among each other. The two children run away from the fight and console each other by the shore; a silent goodbye. Mal\u00fa and Jorgito head down a cliff where they are in front of wide ocean as they strongly hug, proving Jorgito\\'s words of their friendship being eternal. It is implied that the two children jump off of the cliff, committing suicide, although this is not shown in the movie. It is also arguable that the children have been fantasizing the entire time and the final scene does not actually indicate their corporeal deaths, but the death of their cherished friendship.\nThe films starts out with a few smaller boys who are playing with fake guns. Later on Mal\u00fa states that she wants to be the queen of Spain, the children are pretending that they are in the Spanish War, Cuba against Spain. Since the children are playing this as a game, it is interpreted that they do not fully understand the meaning of war and why they exist or what the outcomes are after a war. During the film the parents express how they do not know what Cuba will have for them in the future.","parent_id":"c1c5899601d8877de53a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c1c5899601d8877de53a:5","document_content":"# Viva Cuba\nWhen Mal\u00fa\\'s grandmother dies, Mal\u00fa overhears her mother on the phone talking to her future husband about leaving Cuba because now that her mother has died there is nothing left for them there. Mal\u00fa does not want to leave so her and Jorgito take matters into their own hands. As many of the people in Cuba did for their own reasons. Already the film is showing how the children have no say in anything their parents are planning to do, as the people in Cuba have no say in what the future of Cuba holds for them. For the children it is hard when a parent tells them they are going to leave their home, but for some people in Cuba during this time they felt like they had to leave to stay safe. For Mal\u00fa she had just lost her grandmother and now her mother was telling her that she was going to have to leave all of her friends too. The children do not exactly understand why they cannot change her mother\\'s mind so they go in search of her father. For the people of Cuba they cannot understand how someone can dictate them the way that they are being treated. When the children finally reach Mal\u00fa\\'s father he has already signed the papers and Mal\u00fa is devastated. She cries and says how could he sign the papers when no one asked her if she even wanted to leave.","parent_id":"c1c5899601d8877de53a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c1c5899601d8877de53a:6","document_content":"# Viva Cuba\nAll of these actions represent the past and the present of what is happening in Cuba. Mal\u00fa and Jorgito\\'s hope is a representation of how the people of Cuba hope their futures will be. It is easily compared to how the two feel about Mal\u00fa having to leave. Both of the children are hopeful that they can get her father to not sign the papers, just as the people of Cuba are hopeful that Cuba will become a better place. The children are on a journey to get Mal\u00fa\\'s dad to fix the situation, just as the people of Cuba are hopeful and looking for other people to fix the situations that they are currently in. Mal\u00fa and Jorgito are fighting for something, that is in comparison to, what the people of Cuba are fighting for.\nThe film became a box office hit and went on to win many awards nationally and internationally as it was displayed at many film festivals around the world, including 2005 Cannes Film Festival, where it won the Grand Prix Ecrans Juniors Award, plus awards in countries as diverse as Australia, Italy, Guatemala, Germany, France, and Taiwan. In 2008, it was shown all over Venezuela. The film was screened at the Sonoma County Cuban Film Festival in Sebastopol, CA, in July 2015.\n*Viva Cuba* won 34 national and international awards in all, including:","parent_id":"c1c5899601d8877de53a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c1c5899601d8877de53a:7","document_content":"# Viva Cuba\n- Grand Prix Ecrans Juniors, Cannes, 2005\n- Best Film award at the International Children Cinema and Television Festival in Taiwan.\n- Special Mention, Cinecircoli Giovanili Socioculturale. Giffoni International Film Festival, Italia, 2005.\n- Premio en las categor\u00edas de direcci\u00f3n, gui\u00f3n, direcci\u00f3n de fotograf\u00eda y edici\u00f3n. Premio Caracol. UNEAC, 2005.\n- Premio especial otorgado por la *Uni\u00f3n de Pioneros Jos\u00e9 Mart\u00ed*. UNEAC, 2005.\n- Premio de ayuda \u00e0 la distribuci\u00f3n. XIII Festival de Cine de espa\u00f1a y Am\u00e9rica Latina. B\u00e9lgica, 2005.\n- Premio \u00e0 la Mejor Edici\u00f3n. VIII Festival de Cine Infantil. Guayana, Venezuela, 2005.\n- Premio \u00e0 la Mejor Pel\u00edcula. VIII Festival de Cine Infantil. Guayana, Venezuela, 2005.\n- Reconocimiento Especial de la Agencia Internacional de Noticias Prensa Latina. 27 Festival Internacional del Nuevo Cine Latinoamericano. La Habana, Cuba, 2005.\n- Premio del Oyente de la Emisora radio Progreso. 27 Festival Internacional del Nuevo Cine Latinoamericano. La Habana, Cuba, 2005.","parent_id":"c1c5899601d8877de53a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"76e5cb5fdc546b1c69b9:0","document_content":"# Just a Gigolo (1978 film)\n***Just a Gigolo*** () is a 1978 West German drama film directed by David Hemmings and starring David Bowie. Set in post-World War I Berlin, it also features Sydne Rome, Kim Novak and Marlene Dietrich in her final film role.\nThe film was panned by critics and audiences; this led Bowie to quip that it was \\\"my 32 Elvis Presley movies rolled into one\\\".\nA Prussian officer (David Bowie) returns home to Berlin following the end of the Great War. Unable to find employment elsewhere, he works as a gigolo in a brothel run by the Baroness (Marlene Dietrich). He is eventually killed in street fighting between Nazis and Communists. Both sides claim his body but the Nazis succeed in capturing it and bury him with honours, \\\"a hero to a cause he did not support\\\".\n- David Bowie as Paul Ambrosius von Przygodski\n- Sydne Rome as Cilly\n- Kim Novak as Helga von Kaiserling\n- David Hemmings as Captain Hermann Kraft\n- Maria Schell as Frau von Przygodski\n- Curd J\u00fcrgens as Prince\n- Marlene Dietrich as Baroness von Semering\n- Erika Pluhar as Eva\n- Hilde Weissner as Aunt Hilda\n- Werner Pochath as Otto\n- Rudolf Sch\u00fcndler as Oberst Gustav von Przygodski\n- Evelyn K\u00fcnneke as Frau Aeckerle\nAround the time of its release, David Hemmings said that *Just a Gigolo* was intended to be \\\"highly ironic, tongue-in-cheek, about the period\\\". Marlene Dietrich was persuaded to come out of retirement to make the film, reportedly receiving \\$250,000 for two days\\' shooting.\nIt was Bowie\\'s first movie role after Nicolas Roeg\\'s *The Man Who Fell to Earth* (1976). As Roeg\\'s film had played upon Bowie\\'s earlier identification with science fiction and alienness, so *Just a Gigolo* fitted his then-current interest in pre-war Berlin, pricked by meeting Christopher Isherwood, whose *Goodbye to Berlin* had inspired the musical *Cabaret*. The city had also been the recording location for Bowie\\'s latest studio album, *\\\"Heroes\\\"* (1977).","parent_id":"76e5cb5fdc546b1c69b9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"76e5cb5fdc546b1c69b9:1","document_content":"# Just a Gigolo (1978 film)\nThe singer has variously claimed that he took the role \\\"as a favour to Hemmings\\\", who at the time was also planning to produce a documentary of Bowie\\'s 1978 concert tour, and because \\\"Marlene Dietrich was dangled in front of me\\\". Actually, the two stars never met. Dietrich played her brief part in Paris, where she lived, with the result simply being cut into Bowie\\'s scenes that were shot, along with the rest of the film, in Berlin.\nThe soundtrack of *Just a Gigolo* included jazz and cabaret standards performed by various acts including Pasadena Roof Orchestra, The Manhattan Transfer and the Village People. As well as appearing on screen, Sydne Rome sang a track called \\\"Don\\'t Let It Be Too Long\\\", by David Hemmings and composer G\u00fcnther Fischer, while Marlene Dietrich performed the song \\\"Just a Gigolo\\\".\nUnlike his work on *The Man Who Fell to Earth*, Bowie did contribute a piece of music to the film; his so-called \\\"Revolutionary Song\\\" was co-written with musical director Jack Fishman and played by a band called the Rebels. It was released in Japan as a single, which later became something of a collectors\\' item.\nThe film opened in Berlin on 16 November 1978. It received poor reviews and was pulled from cinemas. Hemmings recut the picture for its UK premiere in Leicester Square on 14 February 1979 where, at an ostensibly black-tie affair, Bowie wore a kimono. Reviews were again negative; the *Sunday Mirror* called the film \\\"all show and no substance\\\" and considered Bowie \\\"completely miscast\\\", while *Time Out* advised its readers to simply \\\"overlook it\\\".\nIn an interview with *NME* in September 1980, Bowie was quoted as saying:\nBowie\\'s biographers have labelled the film \\\"an active pain\\\", \\\"an unadulterated flop\\\", and a \\\"debacle\\\". Its reputation among mainstream critics generally remains low, Halliwell\\'s calling it an \\\"international misadventure\\... interminable\\... clumsily made\\\", while Leonard Maltin describes it as a \\\"weird melodrama\\\". Allmovie\\'s Hal Erickson has nevertheless given the film a 3-star rating.","parent_id":"76e5cb5fdc546b1c69b9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"76e5cb5fdc546b1c69b9:2","document_content":"# Just a Gigolo (1978 film)\n*Just a Gigolo* was released to DVD in a number of markets in 2004. It was digitally remastered and received its first official release in the United Kingdom in 2021, where it was accompanied by a 54-page booklet on the making of the film.","parent_id":"76e5cb5fdc546b1c69b9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a07a113258ff0877c888:0","document_content":"# The Night Listener (film)\n***The Night Listener*** is a 2006 American psychological thriller horror film directed by Patrick Stettner and starring Robin Williams. The screenplay by Armistead Maupin, Terry Anderson, and Stettner is based on Maupin\\'s 2000 novel *The Night Listener*, which was inspired by Anthony Godby Johnson.\nGabriel Noone (Robin Williams), a popular gay New York City radio show host, is dealing with a separation from his partner, Jess (Bobby Cannavale). Noone is given a memoir written by teenager Pete Logand (Rory Culkin), which chronicles the many years of sexual abuse he suffered at the hands of his parents and their friends. Diagnosed with AIDS, the youth has been adopted by Donna Logand (Toni Collette), the social worker who handled his case.\nNoone begins a telephone relationship with the boy and Donna. He and Pete become increasingly close and form a father-son relationship, much to the dismay of Jess, especially after he speaks to Donna and suspects that she was impersonating Pete in some of the telephone conversations. Noone\\'s personal secretary Anna (Sandra Oh) adds fuel to the fire by discussing her research into people who fabricate elaborate stories to get attention. Determined to prove the boy exists and his story is true, Noone decides to pay a surprise visit to Pete in his hometown in rural Wisconsin. Noone discovers the return address on Pete\\'s correspondence is actually a mail drop. Soon after, while eating in a local diner, he overhears another patron and recognizes her voice as that of Donna. He is stunned to learn that she is blind and uses a guide dog. Noone follows her home and Donna senses he has followed her. She invites him into her home and talks openly about Pete, who she says is currently in the hospital undergoing tests. She assures him he can visit the boy the following day, then suddenly becomes angry and tells him she will not allow him to meet Pete. Increasingly suspicious, Noone contacts all the hospitals in Madison, the location of the nearest facilities, but none have the boy registered as a patient.","parent_id":"a07a113258ff0877c888","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a07a113258ff0877c888:1","document_content":"# The Night Listener (film)\nNoone\\'s paranoia about the boy\\'s existence grows and, hoping to find proof of his existence, he breaks into Donna\\'s home. A police officer arrests him for breaking and entering and then, mistakenly believing Noone to be one of the boy\\'s abusers, attacks him with a stun baton before taking him to the station. Noone convinces the police he meant no harm and is released, only to find Donna waiting for him with the news that Pete is dead; also, that he was in a Milwaukee hospital, and was never in Madison. Distressed that Noone doesn\\'t believe her, Donna collapses in the middle of a road and tries to hold him with her in the path of an oncoming truck. She then moves everything out of her home and disappears before the police can question her. Noone is now convinced that the boy is a figment of the deranged woman\\'s imagination.\nIn response to a phone call from Donna, Noone goes to a motel where she was staying, and finds Pete\\'s stuffed rabbit and a videotape under a blanket. He plays the video of a child, who seems to be Pete, but who could have been anyone. The phone rings and the caller claims to be the boy (but sounds exactly like Donna now), waiting for his mother at the airport. The caller ends the conversation after Noone asks what happened in Donna\\'s past and how she became blind and that Donna should get help. Noone just watches the video, deep in thought.\nNoone returns to Manhattan and uses his experience to create *The Night Listener*, a new radio story. In the final scene, Donna is searching for a new home in a coastal town, telling the realtor she needs it for herself and her son, who has just lost his leg but will be released the next day. She has drastically changed her appearance and no longer has a guide dog or dark glasses, revealing her blindness was also an act.","parent_id":"a07a113258ff0877c888","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a07a113258ff0877c888:2","document_content":"# The Night Listener (film)\nIn *The Night Listener Revealed*, an extra on the film\\'s DVD release, Armistead Maupin discusses the inspiration for his novel. In 1992, the author was sent the manuscript of a memoir allegedly written by fourteen-year-old Anthony Godby Johnson, who had been sexually and physically abused by his parents since childhood. Since the galleys included a foreword by novelist Paul Monette, a close friend of Maupin, and an afterword by Fred Rogers of *Mister Rogers\\' Neighborhood* fame, he had no reason to doubt the story\\'s veracity.\nMaupin was impressed with the maturity of the boy\\'s writing and called him. The two quickly developed a close telephone relationship, and Maupin frequently discussed the boy\\'s various physical ailments (he had been diagnosed with AIDS) with his adopted mother, Vicki Johnson. Several months later, Maupin\\'s then-lover Terry Anderson (who co-wrote the screenplay), who had spoken to the boy on occasion, had a conversation with his mother and was struck by how much she and the boy sounded alike. As he became increasingly suspicious about the situation, Maupin became more and more determined to believe the boy really existed. Only after Vicki repeatedly prevented him from visiting the boy did Maupin begin to think he was caught up in a scam.\nFollowing the publication of the novel, a friend of Maupin\\'s who wrote for *The New Yorker* instigated an investigation. The story was reported by *20\/20*, which revealed that the photo of \\\"Anthony\\\" that Vicki had sent to Anthony\\'s supporters was a childhood photo of Steve Tarabokija, now a healthy adult and a New Jersey traffic engineer, who was shocked to find his photo being represented to people as the face of Anthony Godby Johnson.\n\n### Box office\nThe film premiered at the Sundance Film Festival and was shown at the Berlin International Film Festival before opening on 1,367 screens in the US, earning \\$3,554,134 in its opening weekend. The film went on to gross \\$7,836,393 domestically and \\$2,785,502 in foreign markets for a total box office of \\$10,621,895.","parent_id":"a07a113258ff0877c888","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a07a113258ff0877c888:3","document_content":"# The Night Listener (film)\n### Critical reception\nA. O. Scott of *The New York Times* called the film a \\\"well-meaning, flat-footed screen adaptation that has its creepy, suspenseful moments\u00a0\\... but it shrinks a rich, strange story to the dimensions of an anecdote\u00a0\\... the psychological and intellectual implications that hover over the story are lost in the spooky atmospherics and overshadowed by Ms.\u00a0Collette\\'s off-kilter showboating.\\\" Mick LaSalle of the *San Francisco Chronicle* described it as \\\"a movie with lots of heart but no heartbeat\u00a0\\... it feels infected by a malaise\u00a0\\... yet the film has intelligence and integrity and cannot be dismissed.\\\" Michael Phillips of the *Los Angeles Times* said, \\\"It\\'s a small but crafty and well-acted picture\u00a0\\... The pacing and staging of the later scenes could use a little more electricity and momentum and a little less restraint. Yet *The Night Listener* keeps you watching. And listening.\\\" David Rooney of *Variety* thought it was \\\"tediously solemn\\\" and a \\\"dawdling mystery thriller that manages to flatten two protagonists that had far more depth in the novel\u00a0\\... Lenser Lisa Rinzler gives the film a somber, elegant look, and Peter Nashel\\'s score adds a layer of intensity. But it takes more than a few brooding strings to make a film taut and tense. The pace drags increasingly, trudging through the protracted final reels to a clumsy wrap-up with too many concluding scenes, none of them effective.\\\"","parent_id":"a07a113258ff0877c888","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f35eba39789bd26c4190:0","document_content":"# Re-cycle\n***Re-cycle*** (Cantonese: \u9b3c\u57df ***Gwai wik***) is a 2006 horror film directed by the Pang Brothers and starring Angelica Lee. The film was the closing film in the Un Certain Regard program at the 2006 Cannes Film Festival. It was also a reunion for the Pangs and the actress Lee, who starred in the Pangs\\' 2002 hit *The Eye*. It is a Hong Kong\/Thai co-production.\nTing-yin, a young novelist, is struggling to come up with a follow-up to her best-selling trilogy of romance novels. She has not even started on the book yet and her agent has already announced that the next title, *The Recycle*, will deal with the supernatural.\nAfter drafting her first chapter, she stops and deletes the file from her computer. She then starts seeing strange, unexplainable things and finds that she is experiencing the supernatural events that she described in her novel-to-be.\n- Angelica Lee as Ting-yin\/Chu Xun\n- Lawrence Chou as Abby\n- Siu-Ming Lau\n- Rain Li\n- Jetrin Wattanasin\n- Cheang Pou-soi\nTing-yin finds herself in a parallel universe where abandoned things end up, including aborted fetuses, which combined with the portrayal of the main character\\'s personal demons regarding her own aborted child leads some critics to believe the film carries an anti-abortion message. \\\"That just happens to be one of the topics in the movie. We are not out to say if abortion is right or wrong\\\", Oxide Pang said in one interview.","parent_id":"f35eba39789bd26c4190","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"00d8854b2162e0a206f3:0","document_content":"# Cat and Mouse (2003 film)\n***Cat and Mouse*** () is a 2003 Hong Kong *wuxia* romantic comedy film directed by Gordon Chan, and starring Andy Lau, Anthony Wong and Cecilia Cheung. The film is loosely based on the 19th century novel, *The Seven Heroes and Five Gallants* by Shi Yukun.\nZhan Zhao (Andy Lau) is a court officer who learns of a plot to assassinate Judge Bao (Anthony Wong). While on holiday he meets a young man named Bai (Cecilia Cheung) who turns out to be a woman. Zhan Zhao tries to recruit Bai to help him stop the assassination of Judge Bao.\nCast\nRole\nDescription\nAndy Lau\n`Zhan\u00a0Zhao\u00a0`\n`\"Southern\u00a0Hero\"`\nAnthony Wong\n`Bao\u00a0Zheng\u00a0`\n`Prefect\u00a0of\u00a0Kaifeng,\u00a0capital\u00a0of\u00a0Song\u00a0Dynasty`\nCecilia Cheung\n`Bai\u00a0Yutang\u00a0`\n`\"Brocade-Coated\u00a0Mouse\",\u00a05th\u00a0sworn\u00a0\"brother\"`\nXie Jiaqi\n`Lu\u00a0Fang\u00a0`\n`\"Sky-Penetrating\u00a0Mouse\",\u00a01st\u00a0sworn\u00a0brother`\nChapman To\n`Han\u00a0Zhang\u00a0`\n`\"Earth-Piercing\u00a0Mouse\",\u00a02nd\u00a0sworn\u00a0brother`\nLam Chi-chung\n`Xu\u00a0Qing\u00a0`\n`\"Mountain-Boring\u00a0Mouse\",\u00a03rd\u00a0sworn\u00a0brother`\nCheung Ho-lung\n`Jiang\u00a0Ping\u00a0`\n`\"River-Overturning\u00a0Mouse\",\u00a04th\u00a0sworn\u00a0brother\u00a0`\nGuo Donglin\n`Zhao\u00a0Jue\u00a0`\n`\"Prince\u00a0of\u00a0Xiangyang\"`\nLi Bingbing\n`Yuehua\u00a0`\n`Prince\u00a0of\u00a0Xiangyang's\u00a0sworn\u00a0sister`\nCheung Tat-ming\n`Zhao\u00a0Zhen\u00a0`\n`\"Emperor\u00a0Renzong\",\u00a04th\u00a0emperor\u00a0of\u00a0Song\u00a0Dynasty`\nMa Qianshan\n`Empress\u00a0Pang\u00a0`\n`married\u00a0to\u00a0Emperor\u00a0Renzong`\nMa Zijun\n`Pang\u00a0Ji\u00a0`\n`Song\u00a0dynasty\u00a0grand\u00a0tutor,\u00a0Empress\u00a0Pang's\u00a0father`\nWu Yue\n`Pang\u00a0Yu\u00a0`\n`Grand\u00a0Tutor\u00a0Pang's\u00a0son`\nMiao Haizhong\n`Gongsun\u00a0Ce\u00a0`\n`Bao\u00a0Zheng's\u00a0secretary`\nWen Yang\n`Wang\u00a0Chao\u00a0`\n`Bao\u00a0Zheng's\u00a0officer`\nGao Lei\n`Ma\u00a0Han\u00a0`\n`Bao\u00a0Zheng's\u00a0officer`\nJonathan Cheung\n`Zhang\u00a0Long\u00a0`\n`Bao\u00a0Zheng's\u00a0officer`\nCui Lin\n`Zhao\u00a0Hu\u00a0`\n`Bao\u00a0Zheng's\u00a0officer`\nJiang Guoyin\n`Chen\u00a0Lin\u00a0`\n`eunuch`\nGuan Shuntian\n`Guo\u00a0An\u00a0`\n`eunuch`","parent_id":"00d8854b2162e0a206f3","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"951f3c5f310937a96029:0","document_content":"# Metropolis (2001 film)\n`is\u00a0a\u00a02001\u00a0Japanese\u00a0animated\u00a0futuristic\u00a0dieselpunk\u00a0drama\u00a0film\u00a0based\u00a0upon\u00a0Osamu\u00a0Tezuka's\u00a01949\u00a0manga\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0same\u00a0name.\u00a0The\u00a0film\u00a0was\u00a0directed\u00a0by\u00a0Rintaro,\u00a0written\u00a0by\u00a0Katsuhiro\u00a0Otomo,\u00a0and\u00a0produced\u00a0by\u00a0Madhouse,\u00a0with\u00a0conceptual\u00a0support\u00a0from\u00a0Tezuka\u00a0Productions.`\nHumans and robots coexist in the multi-layered city of Metropolis, although robots are discriminated against and segregated to the lowest levels of the city. Most humans in Metropolis are unemployed and impoverished, with many blaming robots for taking their jobs.\nDuke Red, Metropolis's unofficial ruler and wealthiest citizen, has recently completed construction of The Ziggurat, a massive skyscraper which he claims will allow mankind to extend its power across the planet. A wayward robot disrupts the Ziggurat\\'s opening ceremony, prompting Duke Red\\'s adopted son Rock, the leader of an anti-robot paramilitary organization known as the Marduks, to shoot it down. Meanwhile, private detective Shunsaku Ban and his young nephew\/assistant Kenichi Shikishima have traveled from Japan to Metropolis to apprehend rogue scientist Dr.\u00a0Laughton, wanted for organ trafficking and human rights violations. Unbeknownst to Shunsaku, Duke Red has hired Dr.\u00a0Laughton to secretly build a highly advanced android, modeled and named after his deceased daughter Tima, with the intention of using her as the central control unit for a powerful superweapon hidden at the top of the Ziggurat. Duke Red\\'s plans are disrupted however when Rock learns of Tima\\'s existence, and fearing for his father\\'s safety, shoots Laughton and sets his laboratory ablaze.\nDiscovering the burning laboratory, Shunsaku locates the dying Laughton, who directs Shunsaku to a notebook containing his research. Meanwhile, Kenichi stumbles upon the newly activated Tima. The two fall into the sewers and are separated from Shunsaku. While Shunsaku searches for his nephew, Kenichi and Tima search for a way back up to the street level. They grow close as Kenichi teaches Tima how to speak, both unaware that she is a robot. Learning that Tima survived the lab\\'s destruction, Rock and his subordinates hunt them relentlessly. The pair encounter a group of unemployed human laborers who stage an armed revolution against Metropolis\\'s leaders and robot workers.","parent_id":"951f3c5f310937a96029","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"951f3c5f310937a96029:1","document_content":"# Metropolis (2001 film)\nUnhappy with the Duke\\'s popularity and influence, the president and the mayor of Metropolis try to use the revolution to overthrow Red and regain control of Metropolis. However, the president\\'s top military commander, General Kusai Skunk is revealed to be one of Red\\'s subordinates and assassinates them both. Red then imposes martial law and violently suppresses the revolution. In the aftermath, Kenichi reunites with Shunsaku, but Rock, who exposes Tima as a robot, wounds him. Red disowns Rock and removes him from command of the Marduks for attempting to kill Tima before taking her and Kenichi away to the Ziggurat.\nStill determined to eliminate her and regain his father\\'s affection, Rock kidnaps and deactivates Tima, who is now confused about her identity. Having tracked Rock, Shunsaku recovers Tima, and following instructions from Laughton\\'s notebook, reactivates her. The two discover Kenichi is being held in the Ziggurat, but Duke Red and the Marduks capture them while the pair are en route. They are brought to the top of the Ziggurat, where Tima confronts Duke Red about whether she is a human or a robot. Duke Red tells her she is \\\"superhuman\\\" and destined to rule the world from her \\'throne\\', the control system for the Ziggurat\\'s superweapon. Disguised as one of the Ziggurat\\'s maids, Rock shoots Tima in the shoulder, exposing her internal circuitry.","parent_id":"951f3c5f310937a96029","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"951f3c5f310937a96029:2","document_content":"# Metropolis (2001 film)\nHorrified by her true identity, Tima goes insane, causing her implanted military protocols to take control. She proceeds to physically integrate with the throne and orders a biological and nuclear attack on humanity as punishment for abusing and discriminating against robots. While the others flee, Kenichi tries to reason with Tima. Robots all across Metropolis, drawn by Tima\\'s command, assault the Ziggurat and attack Duke Red and his forces. Not wanting \\\"filthy robots\\\" to kill his father, Rock triggers an overload in the superweapon, killing himself and Red in a massive explosion. As the Ziggurat starts to collapse around them, Kenichi finally reaches Tima and separates her from the throne. Still in a confused state, Tima tries to kill Kenichi, but falls off the tower in the struggle. Out of love for her, Kenichi tries to save Tima and pull her up using one of the cables still grafted to her arm. As the cable begins to fray, Tima remembers the time Kenichi taught her language and asks Kenichi, \\\"Who am I?\\\", before the cable snaps and she falls to her presumed death. The Ziggurat collapses, destroying a large part of Metropolis.\nAfterwards, Kenichi searches the ruins and discovers a group of robots have salvaged some of Tima\\'s parts in an effort to rebuild her. While Shunsaku and many other human survivors are evacuated, Kenichi chooses to remain behind to help the survivors rebuild. A photograph shown during the end credits reveals Kenichi eventually rebuilt Tima, and has opened a robot workshop.\n\n### Divergence between manga and anime\nTezuka\\'s original manga centers around the artificial humanoid Mitchi, who is able to fly and change sex and who is pursued by Duke Red and his Red Party who intend to use Mitchi for destructive purposes. Shunsaku Ban and his nephew Kenichi find Mitchi after her creator, Dr.\u00a0Charles Laughton, is killed and they protect her as they search for her parents. Unlike Tima\\'s desire to be human, the cause for Mitchi\\'s destructive rampage in the manga\\'s climax is the revelation that, as a robot, she has no parents.","parent_id":"951f3c5f310937a96029","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"951f3c5f310937a96029:3","document_content":"# Metropolis (2001 film)\n### Divergence between manga and anime\nThe 2001 film incorporates more elements from the Fritz Lang film *Metropolis*. When making the original *Metropolis* manga, Tezuka said that the only inspiration he got from Fritz Lang\\'s *Metropolis* was a still image from the film where a female robot was being born. In addition to adopting set designs of the original film, the 2001 film has more emphasis on a strong and pervasive theme of class struggle in a dystopian, plutocratic society and expands it to examine the relationship of robots with their human masters. (This relationship was explored by Tezuka in great detail with his popular series *Astro Boy*.) The anime adaptation also removes many of the more fanciful elements out of Tezuka\\'s manga, such as a flying, gender swapping humanoid. Here, Mitchi is replaced by \\\"Tima\\\", who is permanently female and cannot fly. In this version, Kenichi is an assistant to his uncle and forms a very strong friendship with Tima even though neither know she\\'s a robot. Tima and Kenichi seem to care for each other deeply, as seen when Tima is worried about Kenichi when he\\'s unconscious. Kenichi even goes so far as to remove Tima from the throne in an effort to save her and not allow her to become a weapon of evil. Tima was taught language by Kenichi and that she was someone unique. She also considered him her only family because he was kind to her and protected her; it seems that she loved Kenichi very much. It can be assumed that Kenichi fell in love with Tima, shown in many scenes when he blushes when he sees her writing his name so she wouldn\\'t forget him. Kenichi didn\\'t seem to care if Tima was robot or not, showing that he was willing to rescue her because of how much he cared for her. Tima only remembered Kenichi when he tried to save her because of everything he taught her. Tima\\'s relationship with Kenichi ends, however, when Tima accepts her identity as a robot over that of a female human, triggering a robot revolution.","parent_id":"951f3c5f310937a96029","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"951f3c5f310937a96029:4","document_content":"# Metropolis (2001 film)\n### Divergence between manga and anime\nDuke Red is shown to be both a cruel and evil leader and father; it is repeatedly shown that he does not care about Rock or even consider Rock his son despite adopting him; the character Rock also deviates from the manga. He only sees Tima as a weapon to destroy humanity and even considers Tima and Rock inferior to him and anyone who is loyal to him. While his real daughter (also named Tima) died, he only rebuilt her humanoid self just to use her and has no regard or affection for what she needs. He also ignores Tima's questions about her being human or not, showing that he does not care if Tima feels emotions or not.\nRock wasn\\'t in the original manga, and according to the writer of the film, he was added to pay homage to Tezuka\\'s science fiction adventure style of storytelling, while also adding depth to the story's background and the world around it. Rock is meant to represent humanity's dark side, and the negative emotions associated with those aspects. He also echoes Tima\\'s story and can be considered another side of it, as they are both neglected children engineered by their father to be tools of war. In Rock\\'s case however, he was cast aside and unwanted by Duke Red. Their stories ultimately converge, coming full circle when they both lead to their father's downfall, with his legacy quite literally collapsing to the ground.\nThe film\\'s Ziggurat combines the New Tower of Babel from Lang\\'s original film and the manga's Cathedral.\n\n### Portrayal of robots\nThe Shinto religion has a delineation between the animate and inanimate. Shinto kami can be spirits, humans, objects, or in this case, robots. Therefore, robots are viewed favorably in both the manga and the film, but especially in the film, where there is a nearly equal number of robot and human characters. Most humans, like Kenichi and Shinsaku Ban, tend to sympathize with robots, causing the audience to view the Marduks and their hostility toward robots as antagonistic.\n`Character\u00a0name`\n`Japanese\u00a0voice\u00a0actor`\n`English\u00a0dubbing\u00a0actor`\n`Kei\u00a0Kobayashi\u00a0`\n`Brianne\u00a0Siddall`\n`Yuka\u00a0Imoto\u00a0`\n`Rebecca\u00a0Forstadt`\n`K\u014dsei\u00a0Tomita\u00a0`\n`Tony\u00a0Pope`\n`Hiroaki\u00a0Okada\u00a0`\n`Michael\u00a0Reisz`","parent_id":"951f3c5f310937a96029","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"951f3c5f310937a96029:5","document_content":"# Metropolis (2001 film)\n### Portrayal of robots\n`Tar\u00f4\u00a0Ishida\u00a0`\n`Jamieson\u00a0Price`\n`Norio\u00a0Wakamoto\u00a0`\n`Dave\u00a0Mallow\u00a0`\n`Norihiro\u00a0Inoue\u00a0`\n`Scott\u00a0Weinger`\n`Masaru\u00a0Ikeda\u00a0`\n`Richard\u00a0Plantagenet`\n`Announcement\u00a0Voice\u00a0`\n`Mary\u00a0Elizabeth\u00a0McGlynn`\n`Toshio\u00a0Furukawa\u00a0`\n`Dan\u00a0Woren`\n`Takeshi\u00a0Aono\u00a0`\n`Doug\u00a0Stone`\n`Junpei\u00a0Takiguchi\u00a0`\n`Simon\u00a0Prescott`\n`Shun\u00a0Yashiro\u00a0`\n`William\u00a0Frederick\u00a0Knight`\n`Shigeru\u00a0Chiba\u00a0`\n`Steven\u00a0Blum`\n`Rikako\u00a0Aikawa`\n`Mami\u00a0Koyama\u00a0`\n`Barbara\u00a0Goodson`\n`Takaya\u00a0Hashi\u00a0`\n`Peter\u00a0Spellos`\n`Masashi\u00a0Ebara\u00a0`\n`Robert\u00a0Axelrod`\nOsamu Tezuka had originally derived inspiration from Fritz Lang\\'s 1927 German silent science fiction film of the same name, despite not actually having seen it. The manga and the Lang film do not share plot elements. The 2001 film borrowed from Lang\\'s 1927 original motion picture more directly and incorporated plot elements from it.\nDuring the days of Mushi Productions, Hayashi asked Tezuka if he wanted to let him make a feature based on the manga, but immediately rejected the idea.\nThe film took five years to create. It had a production budget of , then equivalent to . This made it the most expensive anime film up until then, surpassing Otomo\\'s *Akira* (1988). In turn, its budget record was later surpassed by Otomo\\'s *Steamboy* (2004).\nThe *Metropolis* soundtrack consists mainly of New Orleans-style jazz music and orchestral score composed by Toshiyuki Honda and features Atsuki Kimura\\'s cover of \\\"St.\u00a0James Infirmary Blues\\\" and the ending theme \\\"There\\'ll Never Be Good-Bye\\\" by Minako \\\"Mooki\\\" Obata. The soundtrack album is available on King Records.","parent_id":"951f3c5f310937a96029","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"951f3c5f310937a96029:6","document_content":"# Metropolis (2001 film)\n### Portrayal of robots\nDuring the film\\'s climactic scene, the song \\\"I Can\\'t Stop Loving You\\\" performed by Ray Charles was used as most of the audio when the Ziggurat was destroyed, with sound effects only audible later on in the scene. Likely due to licensing reasons, the song was not included on the soundtrack album.\nThe film was first released in Japan on May 26, 2001. When it was released in the US and other foreign countries by TriStar Pictures and Destination Films, it made a total of in overseas territories outside of Japan. In the United States, the film was given a PG-13 rating by the MPAA for \\\"violence and images of destruction\\\" and a TV-14-LV rating when it aired on Adult Swim. It was also one of the first anime films to be submitted for consideration for Best Animated Film at the Academy Awards.\nMetropolis was first released on VHS, and is now available in North America as both a 2-disc DVD, with the second disc being a MiniDVD (called a \\\"Pocket DVD\\\"), and a Blu-ray.\nIn both the United Kingdom and Ireland, Eureka Entertainment acquired the film\\'s distribution rights as a means to release the film on Blu-ray in both countries. The UK and Ireland Blu-rays were released on January 16, 2017.\nToho-Towa Distribution, the foreign film distribution division of the film\\'s original Japanese distributor, Toho, also handled the Japanese distribution of the 1927 version of *Metropolis*.\nAs the license of the German *Metropolis* is held by the Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau Foundation, the film was released under the title *Robotic Angel*.\n*Metropolis* received highly positive reviews: based on 65 reviews from Rotten Tomatoes, Metropolis received an overall 86% *Certified Fresh* approval rating. The site\\'s critical consensus states that \\\"A remarkable technical achievement, Metropolis\\' eye-popping visuals more than compensate for its relatively routine story.\\\" Film critic Roger Ebert, writing for the *Chicago Sun-Times*, gave Metropolis a 4\/4, calling it \\\"one of the best animated films I have ever seen.\\\"\n- Osamu Tezuka\n- Osamu Tezuka\\'s *Star System*","parent_id":"951f3c5f310937a96029","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f70017d3a697c4ca5781:0","document_content":"# Hollywood Boulevard (1976 film)\n***Hollywood Boulevard*** is a 1976 film directed by Allan Arkush and Joe Dante (the feature film directorial debut of both directors). This film stars Candice Rialson as an aspiring actress who has just arrived in Los Angeles, and was made as a result of a bet between Jon Davison and Roger Corman to make the cheapest ever film for New World Pictures. This was accomplished by extensive use of footage from other New World films.\nIn a prologue, pompous film director Eric Von Leppe (Paul Bartel) is shooting a skydiving sequence for low-budget Miracle Pictures in which an actress is killed. Candy Wednesday (Candice Rialson) arrives in Los Angeles to make it as an actor. She gets an agent, Walter Paisley (Dick Miller), but struggles to find work until she inadvertently gets involved in a bank robbery as a getaway driver. This gets her a job for Miracle Pictures as a stunt driver. She meets Eric Von Leppe, temperamental starlet Mary McQueen (Mary Woronov), sleazy producer PG (Richard Doran) and friendly scriptwriter, Pat (Jeffrey Kramer). Candy and Pat fall in love and she starts to get work as an actor, becoming friends with fellow starlets Bobbi (Rita George) and Jill (Tara Strohmeier).\nEveryone goes to the Philippines to make a movie, *Machete Maidens of Mora Tau*, starring Candy, Mary, Bobbi and Jill. Candy has to play a character who is raped, which upsets her. Later on during the shoot, Jill, Bobbi and PG have a threesome. During the filming of a battle sequence, Jill is shot dead by an unseen attacker.\nBack in the US, Candy, Walter and Pat all go to see *Machete Maidens* at a local drive-in where the projectionist tries to rape Candy, but she is rescued by Walter. While shooting a chase scene in a science fiction film, Mary, Candy and Bobbi are almost killed in a car accident. Bobbi is called back to the studio late at night and is stabbed to death.\nCandy begins to suspect Patrick is the killer. But it turns out the real culprit is Mary. She tries to kill Candy at the Hollywood Sign but it falls on her and crushes her to death. Candy is reunited with Pat and becomes a film star.","parent_id":"f70017d3a697c4ca5781","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f70017d3a697c4ca5781:1","document_content":"# Hollywood Boulevard (1976 film)\nThe movie came out of a bet made between producer Jon Davison and Roger Corman that Davison could make a film cheaper than any other that had been made at New World Pictures. Corman granted him a budget of \\$60,000 and only allowed ten days of shooting instead of the usual 15. The filmmakers achieved this by coming up with a story about a B-movie studio which could incorporate footage from other movies that Corman owned.\nThe film was shot in October 1975 on short ends of raw stock left over from other movies. The script was a send up of the \\\"three girls\\\" movies New World were making at the time such as *Summer School Teachers*, with the murder plot borrowing heavily from an old Bela Lugosi movie, *The Death Kiss* (1932).\nThe movie was also known as *The Starlets*, *Hollywood Starlets*, *The Actresses* and *Hello, Hollywood*. Dante says at one stage Corman wanted to call it *Hollywood Hookers* but the directors did not like that \\\"even though it probably would have made more money if it was called *Hollywood Hookers*\\\".\nAccording to the audio commentary on the film\\'s DVD by Joe Dante, Jon Davison and Allan Arkush, Roger Corman originally wanted Roberta Collins to play the lead, but they fought for Candice Rialson. *Diabolique* magazine argued that \\\"I\\'m a Collins fan, but it was the right decision because Rialson brings not just looks and comic timing, but also a plucky underdog persona that is immensely appealing.\\\"\nDante, Davison and Arkush also state the part of producer PG was turned down by Barry Gordon and Dwayne Hickman, and that Rita George was dating Dean Martin during filming.\nPaul Bartel credits the film with launching his acting career. He later said they were worried the film would not be long enough so they improvised a series of \\\"TV interviews\\\" in which each of the major characters sketches in something of his background. Bartel tried to mimic \\\"the kind of spiel Roger Corman used to feed the press, speaking of the exploitation films which he often loaded with doses of ersatz social consciousness: \\\"In this film we\\'ve taken the myth of Romeo and Juliet, combined it with high speed car action and a sincere plea for nuclear controls in our lifetime.\\\"","parent_id":"f70017d3a697c4ca5781","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f70017d3a697c4ca5781:2","document_content":"# Hollywood Boulevard (1976 film)\n### Films featured\nThe film uses footage from the following Corman pictures:\n- *Battle Beyond the Sun* (1962) -- film seen at drive in\n- *The Terror* (1963) -- film seen at drive in\n- *The Big Bird Cage* (1972) -- battle sequence\n- *Night of the Cobra Woman* (1972) -- shot of a cobra\n- *The Hot Box* (1972) -- battle sequence\n- *Night Call Nurses* (1972) -- the opening sky diving sequence\n- *Unholy Rollers* (1972) -- a rollerderby sequence\n- *Savage!* (1973) -- battle sequence\n- *Caged Heat* (1974) -- shot of a police car drifting\n- *Big Bad Mama* (1974) -- a movie stunt performed by Candy\n- *Crazy Mama* (1975) -- the bank robbery sequence involving the red car at the beginning\n- *Death Race 2000* (1975) -- car chase film sequence\n\n### In-jokes\nThe movie features a number of in-jokes:\n- Paul Bartel plays Eric Von Leppe, the name of the Boris Karloff character in \\'\\'The Terror (1963).\n- Dick Miller plays Walter Paisley, the name of the character Miller played in *A Bucket of Blood* (1959).\n- John Kramer plays Duke Mantee, the name of the Humphrey Bogart character in *The Petrified Forest* (1936).\n- Jeffrey Kramer plays Patrick Hobby, the name of the hero of a series of stories by F Scott Fitzgerald (this name was also used as a pseudonym for writer Danny Opatoshu because it was a non-union movie).\n- Tara Strohmeier plays Jill McBain, the name of the Claudia Cardinale character in *Once Upon a Time in the West* (1969).\n- Dick Miller watches himself in a scene from \\'\\'The Terror (1963).\n- *Machete Maidens of Mora Tau* is a homage to the film *Zombies of Mora Tau* (1957).\n- Cameos from directors Charles B. Griffith, Jonathan Kaplan, Joe Dante, Danny Opatoshu and Lewis Teague; along with Forrest J. Ackerman, editor of Famous Monsters of Filmland; film writers Todd McCarthy and Joseph McBride; and Robby the Robot from *Forbidden Planet* (1956).","parent_id":"f70017d3a697c4ca5781","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f70017d3a697c4ca5781:3","document_content":"# Hollywood Boulevard (1976 film)\n### In-jokes\nThe *Los Angeles Times* called the film \\\"a hilarious, often outrageous spoof of the zany world of low budget exploitation filmmaking.\\\" \\\"Definitely not for people who are looking for anything elegant or high tone\\\", said the *Washington Post*.","parent_id":"f70017d3a697c4ca5781","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d4e2f7769fdec37fd3dc:0","document_content":"# Requiem of Snow\n***Requiem of Snow*** is a 2005 film written by Iranian screenwriter Sholeh Shariati and directed by the Kurdish-Iranian director Jamil Rostami. It is a joint production of Iran and Iraq and also the first film to represent Iraq in the Best Foreign Language Film category at the Oscars.\nIn a village stricken by drought, people are praying for rain and a Kurdish girl is trying to escape from an arranged marriage when she runs into a stranger.\n1.  Best Director Award, 8th Olympia International Film Festival for Children and Young People, 2005, Greece.\n2.  Crystal Simorgh Award, Best Director, Fajr Film Festival, 2005, Iran.","parent_id":"d4e2f7769fdec37fd3dc","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce:0","document_content":"# I Am Legend (film)\n***I Am Legend*** is a 2007 American post-apocalyptic action thriller film loosely based on the 1954 novel of the same name by Richard Matheson. Directed by Francis Lawrence from a screenplay by Akiva Goldsman and Mark Protosevich, the film stars Will Smith as US Army virologist Robert Neville. It is set in New York City after a virus, which was originally created to cure cancer, has wiped out most of mankind, leaving Neville as the last human in New York, other than nocturnal mutants. Neville is immune to the virus, and he works to develop a cure while defending himself against the hostile mutants. It is the third feature-film adaptation of Matheson\\'s novel following 1964\\'s *The Last Man on Earth* and 1971\\'s *The Omega Man*.\nWarner Bros.\u00a0began developing *I Am Legend* in 1994 and various actors and directors were attached to the project, though production was delayed due to budgetary concerns related to the script. Production began in 2006 in New York City, filming mainly on location in the city, including a \\$5 million scene at the Brooklyn Bridge.\n*I Am Legend* was released on December 14, 2007, in the United States and Canada. It opened to the largest-ever box office (not adjusted for inflation) for a non-Christmas film released in the U.S. in December and was the seventh-highest-grossing film of 2007, earning \\$256 million domestically and \\$329 million internationally for a total of \\$585 million. The film received generally positive reviews, with Smith\\'s performance being singled out for praise, while criticism focused on its divergences from the novel, particularly the ending. In 2022, a sequel was revealed to be in development, with Smith set to reprise his role as Neville and co-produce the film with Michael B. Jordan, who will also have a starring role.\nAn attempt to genetically re-engineer the measles virus to cure cancer becomes lethal, infecting 99% of the world\\'s population, turning those it does not kill into vampiric, albino, cannibalistic mutants called Darkseekers, who are extremely vulnerable to sunlight and prey on the few who are left unaffected.","parent_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce:1","document_content":"# I Am Legend (film)\nThree years after the outbreak, in 2012, U.S. Army virologist LTC Robert Neville lives an isolated life in a deserted Manhattan, unsure if any other uninfected humans are left. Neville\\'s daily routine includes experimenting on infected rats to find a cure for the virus, searching for food and supplies, and waiting each day for any survivors who might respond to his continuous recorded radio broadcasts, which instruct them to meet him at midday at the South Street Seaport. Flashbacks reveal his wife, Zoe, and daughter, Marley, died in a helicopter accident during the chaotic evacuation of Manhattan as the military was enforcing a quarantine of the island. Neville himself stayed behind with other military personnel. Neville\\'s only companion is his German Shepherd Samantha (Sam) and to cope with his loneliness, he regularly \\\"talks\\\" to some mannequins and the characters on film recordings from video stores. At night, he barricades himself with Sam inside his heavily fortified Washington Square Park home to hide from the Darkseekers.\nOne day as Neville hunts a deer, Sam pursues it into a dark building. Neville cautiously goes in after her and locates the deer\\'s corpse along with Sam, but discovers the building is infested with Darkseekers. Both escape unharmed and the attacking Darkseekers are killed by the sunlight.\nNeville finds a promising treatment derived from his own blood, so he sets a snare trap and captures a female Darkseeker. A male Darkseeker attempts to pursue them but is halted by the sunlight and returns to the shadows. Back in his laboratory in the basement of his house, Neville treats the female seemingly without success.","parent_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce:2","document_content":"# I Am Legend (film)\nThe next day, Neville notices \\\"Fred\\\", a mannequin usually at the local video store, positioned outside Grand Central Terminal and shoots him in confusion. However, Neville realizes he is being watched by the Darkseekers from within nearby buildings. As he approaches Fred\\'s body, he is ensnared in a trap similar to the one he used to capture the female and is rendered unconscious after hitting his head. By the time he wakes up the sun is setting and he is attacked by infected dogs. Neville and Sam eliminate them, but Sam is bitten during the fight. Neville injects her with a strand of his serum, but when she shows signs of infection, Neville is forced to strangle her to death as she begins to turn. Heartbroken and driven by rage, Neville ventures out and deliberately attacks a group of Darkseekers the following night, before he is rescued by a pair of immune humans, Anna and a young boy named Ethan, who have traveled from Maryland after hearing his broadcast.\nThey transport the injured Neville back to his home, where Anna explains they survived the outbreak aboard a Red Cross evacuation ship from S\u00e3o Paulo, and are making their way to a survivors\\' camp in Bethel, Vermont. Neville argues no such survivors\\' camp exists. As he continues working to cure the female Darkseeker, Neville theorizes by lowering her body temperature with ice, he can increase the treatment\\'s potency. The next night, a group of Darkseekers, who tracked Anna and Neville the night before, invade the house. Neville, Anna, and Ethan retreat into the basement laboratory sealing themselves in with the female test subject. Discovering the last treatment was successful, Neville assesses the situation as the Darkseeker alpha male rams himself against a glass door to break in. Neville draws a vial of blood from the woman he cured, and gives it to Anna, before shutting Ethan and her inside a coal chute in the back of the lab. Neville then takes a grenade and kills the Darkseekers at the cost of his own life, saving the cure.\nThe following day, Anna and Ethan arrive at the survivors\\' camp in Bethel, where they are greeted by military officers and other survivors before Anna hands them the cure. Anna narrates how Neville\\'s efforts and sacrifices to save humanity ultimately became legend.","parent_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce:3","document_content":"# I Am Legend (film)\n### Alternate ending\nThe two-disc special edition DVD, released in 2008, contains an alternate ending which more closely follows the novel.\nDuring the lab attack, the alpha male Darkseeker creates a butterfly shape while attempting to break through the glass to the laboratory. Neville realizes he is referencing the butterfly-shaped tattoo on the female Darkseeker\\'s neck, and the alpha male is trying to recover his mate. Neville puts his gun down and returns the female. Neville and the alpha male stare each other down, where Neville apologizes after seeing the latter emotionally breakdown upon his mate\\'s return. As the alpha male contemplates killing Neville, he eventually forgives him and departs with the rest of the pack. Once they are gone, a shocked Neville looks over at the many photographs of his test subjects and realizes he has become a monster in the eyes of the infected, showing remorse for the experiments he has undertaken over the years.\nThe next morning, Neville abandons his research and heads along with Anna and Ethan to Vermont as a changed man, in the hope of finding the survivors\\' colony. They cross the George Washington Bridge, while Anna delivers a hopeful monologue ending with the statement: \\\"You are not alone.\\\"","parent_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce:4","document_content":"# I Am Legend (film)\n### Alternate ending\n- Will Smith as Dr.\u00a0Robert Neville: A former U.S. Army virologist before the worldwide plague, he loses his wife and daughter in a helicopter crash shortly after Manhattan is quarantined, and spends the next three years trying to find a cure while defending himself against the Darkseekers. He is immune to the virus and uses vials of his blood to try to create a cure.\n- Alice Braga as Anna Montez: A religious survivor from Brazil, she spent days harbored on a Red Cross ship in Baltimore. After the city was overrun, she stayed with Ethan and several other survivors on the ship, but eventually, only Ethan and she survived since they were immune and the others were either infected or killed. She followed Neville\\'s broadcasts to track him.\n- Charlie Tahan as Ethan: A boy from Baltimore, he spent time on the Red Cross ship with Anna and accompanied her when the ship was overrun.\n- Dash Mihok as Alpha Male, the dominant male of the vampire-like mutants, Darkseekers, he is determined to get his mate back from Neville, defying Neville\\'s perception of them as mindless and emotionless creatures.\n- Emma Thompson as Dr.\u00a0Alice Krippin: The doctor who creates the cancer cure, she inadvertently brings mankind to the brink of extinction. Neville dubs the virus \\\"the Krippin virus\\\". Thompson\\'s performance is uncredited.\n- Salli Richardson as Zoe Neville, Robert\\'s wife\n- Willow Smith as Marley Neville, Robert\\'s daughter (Willow is the real biological daughter of Will Smith.)\n- Joanna Numata as Alpha Female, the Alpha Male\\'s mate, she gets taken by Neville and is used as the subject for his cure.\n- Darrell Foster as Mike\n- Pat Fraley as voice of the President of the United States\n- Mike Patton as voices of the Darkseekers","parent_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce:5","document_content":"# I Am Legend (film)\n### Development\nWashington Square on October 31, 2006: The area is being cleaned up before an evening shoot of the movie. In the background is the house where Will Smith\\'s character lives.\nThe science-fiction horror genre reemerged in the late 1990s. In 1995, Warner Bros.\u00a0began developing the film project, having owned the rights to Richard Matheson\\'s 1954 novel *I Am Legend* since 1970 and having already made the 1971 adaptation *The Omega Man*. Mark Protosevich was hired to write the script after the studio was impressed with his spec script of *The Cell*. Protosevich\\'s first draft took place in 2000 in San Francisco, and contained many similarities with the finished film, though the Darkseekers (called \\'Hemocytes\\') were civilized to the point of the creatures in *The Omega Man* and Anna was a lone morphine addict, as well as the fact that a Hemocyte character named Christopher joined forces with Neville. Warner Bros.\u00a0immediately put the film on the fast track, attaching Neal H. Moritz as producer.\nActors Tom Cruise, Michael Douglas, and Mel Gibson had been considered to star in the film, using a script by Protosevich and with Ridley Scott as director; however, by June 1997, the studio\\'s preference was for actor Arnold Schwarzenegger. In July, Scott and Schwarzenegger finalized negotiations, with production slated to begin the coming September, using Houston as a stand-in for the film\\'s setting of Los Angeles. Scott had Protosevich replaced by a screenwriter of his own choosing, John Logan, with whom he spent months of intensive work on a number of different drafts. The Scott\/Logan version of *I Am Legend* was a mix of sci-fi and psychological thriller, without dialogue in the first hour and with a sombre ending. The creatures in Logan\\'s version were similar to the Darkseekers of the finished film in their animalistic, barbaric nature. The studio, fearing its lack of commercial appeal and merchandising potential, began to worry about the liberties they had given Scott\u00a0-- then on a negative streak of box office disappointments\u00a0-- and urged the production team to reconsider the lack of action in the screenplay. After an \\\"esoteric\\\" draft by writer Neal Jimenez, Warner Bros.\u00a0reassigned Protosevich to the project, reluctantly working with Scott again.","parent_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce:6","document_content":"# I Am Legend (film)\n### Development\nIn December 1997, the project was called into question when the projected budget escalated to \\$108 million due to media and shareholder scrutiny of the studio in financing a big-budget film. Scott rewrote the script in an attempt to reduce the film\\'s budget by \\$20 million, but in March 1998, the studio canceled the project due to continued budgetary concerns, and quite possibly to the box office failures of Scott\\'s last three films, *1492: Conquest of Paradise*, *White Squall*, and *G.I. Jane*. Likewise, Schwarzenegger\\'s recent films at the time (*Eraser* and Warner Bros.\u00a0own *Batman & Robin*) also underperformed, and the studio\\'s latest experiences with big budget sci-fi movies *Sphere* and *The Postman* were negative as well. In August 1998, director Rob Bowman was attached to the project, with Protosevich hired to write a third all-new draft, far more action-oriented than his previous versions, but the director (who reportedly wished for Nicolas Cage to play the lead) moved on to direct *Reign of Fire* and the project did not get off the ground.\nIn March 2002, Schwarzenegger became the producer of *I Am Legend*, commencing negotiations with Michael Bay to direct and Will Smith to star in the film. Bay and Smith were attracted to the project based on a redraft that would reduce its budget. The project was shelved due to Warner Bros.\u00a0president Alan F. Horn\\'s dislike of the script. In 2004, Akiva Goldsman was asked by head of production Jeff Robinov to produce the film. In September 2005, director Francis Lawrence signed on to helm the project, with production slated to begin in 2006. Guillermo del Toro was originally approached to direct by Smith, but turned it down to direct *Hellboy II: The Golden Army*. Lawrence, whose film *Constantine* was produced by Goldsman, was fascinated by empty urban environments. He said, \\\"Something\\'s always really excited me about that\\... to have experienced that much loss, to be without people or any kind of social interaction for that long.\\\"","parent_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce:7","document_content":"# I Am Legend (film)\n### Development\nGoldsman took on the project, as he admired the second *I Am Legend* film adaptation, *The Omega Man*. A rewrite was done to distance the project from the other zombie films inspired by the novel, as well as from the recently released *28 Days Later,* although Goldsman was inspired by the scenes of a deserted London in the British horror film to create the scenes of a deserted New York City. A 40-page scene-by-scene outline of the film was developed by May 2006. When delays occurred on Smith\\'s film *Hancock*, which was scheduled for 2007, it was proposed to switch the actor\\'s films. This meant filming would have to begin in 16 weeks; production was given a green light, using Goldsman\\'s script and the outline. Elements from Protosevich\\'s script were introduced, while the crew consulted with experts on infectious diseases and solitary confinement. Rewrites continued throughout filming, because of Smith\\'s improvisational skills and Lawrence\\'s preference to keep various scenes silent. The director had watched Jane Campion\\'s film *The Piano* with a low volume so as to not disturb his newborn son, and realized that silence could be very effective cinema.","parent_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce:8","document_content":"# I Am Legend (film)\n### Casting\nWill Smith signed on to play Robert Neville in April 2006. He said he took on *I Am Legend* because he felt it could be like \\\"*Gladiator* or *Forrest Gump*---these are movies with wonderful, audience-pleasing elements, but also uncompromised artistic value. This always felt like it had those possibilities to me.\\\" The actor found Neville to be his toughest acting challenge since portraying Muhammad Ali in *Ali* (2001). He said that \\\"when you\\'re on your own, it is kind of hard to find conflict.\\\" The film\\'s dark tone and exploration of whether Neville has gone insane during his isolation meant Smith had to restrain himself from falling into a humorous routine during takes. To prepare for his role, Smith visited the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Georgia. He also met with a person who had been in solitary confinement and a former prisoner of war. Smith compared Neville to Job, who lost his children, livelihood, and health. Like the Book of Job, *I Am Legend* studies the questions, \\\"Can he find a reason to continue? Can he find the hope or desire to excel and advance in life? Or does the death of everything around him create imminent death for himself?\\\" He also cited an influence in Tom Hanks\\' performance in *Cast Away* (2000).\nAbbey and Kona, both three-year-old German Shepherd dogs, played Neville\\'s dog Sam. The rest of the supporting cast consists of Salli Richardson as Zoe, Robert\\'s wife, and Alice Braga as a survivor named Anna. Willow Smith, Will Smith\\'s daughter, makes her film debut as Marley, Neville\\'s daughter. Emma Thompson has an uncredited role as Dr.\u00a0Alice Krippin, who appears on television explaining her cure for cancer that mutates into the virus. Singer Mike Patton provided the guttural screams of the infected \\\"hemocytes\\\", and Dash Mihok provided the character animation for the infected \\\"alpha male\\\". Several filler characters with uncredited roles were in old news broadcasts and flashbacks, such as the unnamed President\\'s voice (Pat Fraley), and the cast of *The Today Show*.","parent_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce:9","document_content":"# I Am Legend (film)\n### Filming\nThe Brooklyn Bridge, where a \\$5-million scene was filmed\nMarcy Avenue Armory\nAkiva Goldsman decided to move the story from Los Angeles to New York City to take advantage of locations that would more easily show emptiness. Goldsman explained, \\\"L.A. looks empty at three o\\'clock in the afternoon, but New York is never empty . . . it was a much more interesting way of showing the windswept emptiness of the world.\\\" Warner Bros.\u00a0initially rejected this idea because of the logistics, but Francis Lawrence was determined to shoot on location, to give the film a natural feel that would benefit from not shooting on soundstages. Lawrence went to the city with a camcorder, and filmed areas filled with crowds. Then, a special effects test was conducted to remove all those people. The test had a powerful effect on studio executives. Michael Tadross convinced authorities to close busy areas such as the Grand Central Terminal viaduct, several blocks of Fifth Avenue, and Washington Square Park. The film was shot primarily in the anamorphic format, with flashback scenes shot in Super 35.\nFilming began on September 23, 2006. The Marcy Avenue Armory in Williamsburg was used for the interior of Neville\\'s home, while Greenwich Village was used for the exterior. Other locations include the Tribeca section of lower Manhattan, the aircraft carrier *Intrepid*, the Kingsbridge Armory in the Bronx, and St.\u00a0Patrick\\'s Cathedral. Weeds were imported from Florida and were strewn across locations to make the city look like it had been overgrown with them. The closure of major streets was controversial with New Yorkers. Will Smith said, \\\"I don\\'t think anyone\\'s going to be able to do that in New York again anytime soon. People were not happy. That\\'s the most middle fingers I\\'ve ever gotten in my career.\\\"","parent_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce:10","document_content":"# I Am Legend (film)\n### Filming\nA bridge scene was filmed for six consecutive nights in January on the Brooklyn Bridge to serve as a flashback scene in which New York\\'s citizens evacuate the city. Shooting the scene consumed \\$5 million of the film\\'s reported \\$150 million budget, which was likely the most expensive shoot in the city to date. The scene, which had to meet requirements from 14 government agencies, involved 250 crew members and 1,000 extras, including 160 National Guard members. Also present were several Humvees, three Strykers, a cutter, a utility boat, and two response boat small craft, as well as other vehicles including taxis, police cars, fire trucks, and ambulances. Filming concluded on March 31, 2007. Computer-generated imagery (CGI) was used to depict the main spans of the Brooklyn Bridge and the Manhattan Bridge collapsing as missiles from passing military jets blew them up to quarantine Manhattan island.\nThe end of the film was shot in Lambertville, New Jersey.\nReshoots were conducted around November 2007. Lawrence noted, \\\"We weren\\'t seeing fully rendered shots until about a month ago. The movie starts to take on a whole other life. It\\'s not until later that you can judge a movie as a whole and go, \\'Huh, maybe we should shoot this little piece in the middle, or tweak this a little bit.\\' It just so happened that our re-shoots revolved around the end of the movie.\\\"","parent_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce:11","document_content":"# I Am Legend (film)\n### Effects\nA week into filming, Francis felt the infected (referred to as \\\"Darkseekers\\\" or \\\"hemocytes\\\" in the script), who were being portrayed by actors wearing prosthetics, were not convincing. His decision to use CGI resulted in an increased budget and extended post-production, although the end results were not always well received. The concept behind the infected was that their adrenal glands were open all of the time and Lawrence explained, \\\"They needed to have an abandon in their performance that you just can\\'t get out of people in the middle of the night when they\\'re barefoot. And their metabolisms are really spiked, so they\\'re constantly hyperventilating, which you can\\'t really get actors to do for a long time or they pass out.\\\" The actors remained on set to provide motion capture. \\\"The film\\'s producers and sound people wanted the creatures in the movie to sound somewhat human, but not the standard\\\", so Mike Patton, lead singer of Faith No More, was engaged to provide the screams and howls of the infected.\nIn addition, CGI was used for the lions and deer in the film, and to erase pedestrians in shots of New York. Workers visible in windows, spectators, and moving cars in the distance were all removed. In his vision of an empty New York, Lawrence cited John Ford as his influence: \\\"We didn\\'t want to make an apocalyptic movie where the landscape felt apocalyptic. A lot of the movie takes place on a beautiful day. There\\'s something magical about the empty city as opposed to dark and scary that was the ideal that the cast and crew wanted.\\\"\nThe soundtrack for *I Am Legend* was released on January 15, 2008, under the record label Var\u00e8se Sarabande. The music was composed by James Newton Howard. The film also features Bob Marley songs \\\"Redemption Song\\\" \\\"Three Little Birds\\\" and \\\"I Shot the Sheriff\\\".\n\n### Theatrical\n*I Am Legend* was originally slated for a November 21, 2007, release in the United States and Canada, but was delayed to December 14. The film opened on December 26, 2007, in the United Kingdom, and Ireland, having been originally scheduled for January 4, 2008.","parent_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce:12","document_content":"# I Am Legend (film)\n### Theatrical\nIn December 2007, China temporarily suspended the release of all American films in the country, which is believed to have delayed the release of *I Am Legend*. Will Smith spoke to the chairman of China Film Group about securing a release date, later explaining, \\\"We struggled very, very hard to try to get it to work out, but there are only a certain amount of foreign films that are allowed in.\\\"\nPremieres were held in Tokyo, New York, and London. At the London premiere in Leicester Square, British comedian and actor Neg Dupree was arrested after pushing his way onto the red carpet and running around shouting \\\"I am Negend!\\\". The stunt was part of his \\\"Neg\\'s Urban Sports\\\" section of comedy game show *Balls of Steel*.\n\n### Marketing\nThe film\\'s teaser trailer was attached to the screenings of *Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix*. And a tie-in comic from DC Comics and Vertigo Comics was created, *I Am Legend: Awakening*. The project drew upon collaboration from Bill Sienkiewicz, screenwriter Mark Protosevich, and author Orson Scott Card. The son of the original book\\'s author, Richard Christian Matheson, also collaborated on the project. The project advanced from the comic to an online format in which animated featurettes (created by the team from Broken Saints) were shown on the official website.\nIn October 2007, Warner Bros.\u00a0Pictures, in conjunction with the Electric Sheep Company, launched the online multiplayer game *I Am Legend: Survival* in the virtual world *Second Life*. The game was the largest launched in the virtual world in support of a film release, permitting people to play against each other as the infected or the uninfected across a replicated of New York City. The studio also hired the ad agency Crew Creative to develop a website that was specifically viewable on the iPhone.","parent_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce:13","document_content":"# I Am Legend (film)\n### Home media\nThe film was released on DVD on March 18, 2008, in two editions: a one-disc release, including the movie with four animated comics (\\\"Death As a Gift\\\", \\\"Isolation\\\", \\\"Sacrificing the Few for the Many\\\", and \\\"Shelter\\\"), and other DVD-ROM features, and a two-disc special edition that includes all these extras, an alternative theatrical version of the movie with an ending that follows closer to that from the novel, and a digital copy of the film. On the high-definition end, the movie has been released on the Blu-ray Disc format and HD DVD format along with the DVD release, with the HD-DVD version being released later on April 8, 2008. Both HD releases include all the features available in the two-disc DVD edition. A three-disk Ultimate Collector\\'s Edition was also released on December 9, 2008.\nThe film has sold 7.04 million DVDs and earned \\$126.2 million in revenue, making it the sixth-best-selling DVD of 2008. However, Warner Bros.\u00a0was reportedly \\\"a little disappointed\\\" with the film\\'s performance on the DVD market.\n\n### Critical response\nOn Rotten Tomatoes the film has an approval rating of 68% based on 217 reviews with an average rating of 6.34\/10. The site\\'s critical consensus reads, \\\"*I Am Legend* overcomes questionable special effects and succeeds largely on the strength of Will Smith\\'s mesmerizing performance.\\\" On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 65 out of 100, based on 37 critics, indicating \\\"generally favorable reviews\\\". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of \\\"B\\\" on an A+ to F scale.","parent_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce:14","document_content":"# I Am Legend (film)\n### Critical response\nA. O. Scott wrote that Will Smith gave a \\\"graceful and effortless performance\\\" and also noted the \\\"third-act collapse\\\". He felt that the movie \\\"does ponder some pretty deep questions about the collapse and persistence of human civilization\\\". Dana Stevens of *Slate* wrote that the movie lost its way around the hour mark, noting that \\\"the Infected just aren\\'t that scary.\\\" NPR critic Bob Mondello noted the film\\'s subtext concerning global terrorism and that this aspect made the film fit in perfectly with other, more direct cinematic explorations of the subject. Richard Roeper gave the film a positive review on the television program *At the Movies with Ebert & Roeper*, commending Will Smith as being in \\\"prime form\\\", also saying there are \\\"some amazing sequences\\\" and that there was \\\"a pretty heavy screenplay for an action film.\\\" In his review for the *Chicago Sun-Times*, Roger Ebert gave the film three stars out of four, writing, \\\"Given its setup, *I Am Legend* is well-constructed to involve us with Dr.\u00a0Neville and his campaign to survive.\\\" The film has been criticized for diverging from Matheson\\'s novel, especially in its portrayal of a specifically Christian theme. Much of the negative criticism concerned the film\\'s third act, with some critics favoring the alternative ending in the DVD release.\n\n### Other response\n*Popular Mechanics* published an article on December 14, 2007, addressing some of the scientific issues raised by the film:\n1.  the rate of deterioration of urban structures, infrastructure, and survival of fauna and flora\n2.  the plausibility of a retrovirus spreading out of control as depicted in the film (The measles virus depicted in the film is not a retrovirus, but is in fact a part of the *Paramyxovirus* family.)\n3.  the mechanics of the Brooklyn Bridge\\'s destruction","parent_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce:15","document_content":"# I Am Legend (film)\n### Other response\nThe magazine solicited reactions from Alan Weisman, author of *The World Without Us*, virologist W. Ian Lipkin, MD, and Michel Bruneau, PhD, comparing their predictions with the film\\'s depictions. The article raised the most questions regarding the virus\\' mutation and the medical results, and pointed out that a suspension bridge like the Brooklyn Bridge would likely completely collapse rather than losing only its middle span. Neville\\'s method of producing power using gasoline-powered generators seemed the most credible: \\\"This part of the tale is possible, if not entirely likely,\\\" *Popular Mechanics* editor Roy Berendsohn says.\nMarxist philosopher Slavoj \u017di\u017eek criticized the film politically for, in his view, \\\"being the most regressive adaptation from the novel.\\\" He said that while the original novel had a \\\"progressive multicultural message\\\" where Neville became a \\\"legend\\\" to the new creatures and is subsequently killed by them (much like vampires were legends to humans), the 2007 film finds a cure for the Darkseekers and it is delivered by a survivor through\n\\\"divine intervention.\\\" For \u017di\u017eek, this misses the original message and \\\"openly opts for religious fundamentalism.\\\"\n\n### Accolades\n*I Am Legend* earned four nominations for the Visual Effects Society awards, and was also nominated for Outstanding Performance by a Stunt Ensemble at the Screen Actors Guild Awards, Outstanding Film and Actor at the Image Awards, and Best Sound at the Satellite Awards. In June 2008, Will Smith won a Saturn Award for Best Actor.\nWill Smith also won the MTV Movie Awards for Best Male Performance.\nAfter the film\\'s release, talks of either a sequel, prequel, or a reboot have occurred.","parent_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce:16","document_content":"# I Am Legend (film)\n### Accolades\nDirector Francis Lawrence said in 2008 that there would be a prequel and that Will Smith would be reprising his role. The plot of the film would reveal what happened to Neville before the infected took over New York. D. B. Weiss was hired to write the script, while Lawrence was in negotiations to return as director, contingent on a sufficiently interesting story. Smith later discussed the premise, which would have his character and a team going from New York City to Washington, D.C., as they made their last stand against those infected with the virus. The film would again explore the premise of being alone. Lawrence stated, \\\"\\... the tough thing is, how do we do that again and in a different way?\\\" In May 2011, Francis Lawrence stated that the prequel was no longer in development saying, \\\"I don\\'t think that\\'s ever going to happen.\\\"\nIn 2012, Warner Bros.\u00a0announced that negotiations had begun to produce another installment with the intention of having Will Smith reprise his role. In April 2014, the studio attained a script entitled *A Garden at the End of the World*, described as a post-apocalyptic variation of *The Searchers*. Studio executives found so many similarities to *I Am Legend* in the screenplay, they had the author Gary Graham rewrite it so it could serve as a reboot of the story, hoping to create a franchise with the new film. By 2014, Will Smith, who is known for his reluctance to appear in sequels, had not commented on whether he would appear.\nOn March 4, 2022, it was announced that a sequel is in development with Will Smith reprising his role and will be joined by Michael B. Jordan. Both actors will also produce and Akiva Goldsman will return to write the screenplay.\nOn March 27, 2022, Will Smith faced criticism and backlash after slapping Chris Rock on stage at the Academy Awards after he made a comment about his wife. There have been no official updates on the I Am Legend sequel. Will Smith\\'s other movies that were in production have been cancelled or put on hold.\n- *I Am Legend*, Richard Matheson, Tor Books; Reissue edition (October 30, 2007),\n- Survival film: information regarding the genre, with a list of feature films therein.\n- Medical-fiction film\n- Disaster film","parent_id":"c296ac2db52456c26dce","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6c924582d837c8703add:0","document_content":"# Seduced by Madness\n***Seduced by Madness: The Diane Borchardt Story*** is a 1996 American television film directed by John Patterson and starring Ann-Margret, Peter Coyote, Leslie Hope, Christian Campbell, Hedy Burress, Tobey Maguire, and Freddy Rodr\u00edguez. Based roughly on real-life events, the film recounts the story of Wisconsin teacher Diane Borchardt, who hired teen students first to spy on her cheating husband and later to kill him. The film begins with the murder then traces in flashback the events leading up to it, followed by the subsequent police investigation leading to arrests and eventual murder convictions of both Borchardt and the teens.\nThe film opens with three teenage boys pulling up to the house of Ruben Borchardt (Peter Coyote) early on Easter Sunday in 1994. They break into Ruben\\'s house armed with a shotgun, intending to kill Ruben on the promise of payment. Gathering at the top of the basement steps where Ruben sleeps, the boys draw their shotgun and shoot Mr.\u00a0Borchardt as he makes his way up the stairs. Having carried out their deed, the three boys flee the scene.\n\n### Prologue\nThe film cuts to seven months before the shooting, during the Fall of 1993. Diane Kay Borchardt (Ann-Margret) is a seemingly ordinary schoolteacher with a normal life. She has a loving husband, three children, and a lovely house. However, it quickly becomes apparent that she harbors deep mental instability and possible psychosis. While she dotes on and spoils her daughter Regan, she is emotionally and physically abusive towards Ruben and his two children, Brook (Hedy Burress) and Chuck (Tobey Maguire). Ruben married Diane fourteen years prior after his beloved wife Susan (Cynthia Lynch) died in a car crash when Brook and Chuck were young. Realizing his children needed a mother figure in their lives, Ruben married to Diane, only to find himself in a loveless marriage in which Diane constantly abuses him.\nOne day, Ruben goes to a neighbor\\'s house to help him remodel his kitchen, as he is a work-at-home carpenter. There, he gets reacquainted with Claire Brown (Leslie Hope), whom he works together with to remodel the kitchen. During the remodeling, Ruben and Claire share their personal stories with each other, becoming increasingly close friends as the project goes on.","parent_id":"6c924582d837c8703add","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6c924582d837c8703add:1","document_content":"# Seduced by Madness\n### Prologue\nLater that day, Ruben drops by Diane\\'s clothes shop on account of the fact that Diane failed to pay for Chuck\\'s new glasses, as she had spent it on new shoes for Regan despite previously agreeing to buy the glasses. Diane then accuses Ruben of spoiling his own children and neglecting Regan, and says that he ought to be making more money. Ruben tries to reason with Diane, when suddenly, without provocation, Diane hits him in the head with a label gun. Ruben later admits to Claire that his marriage was a mistake. Claire also reveals that she and her husband have also grown apart in recent years. When the project is finished, Ruben admits his true feelings for Claire, and kisses her on impulse. He then leaves her confused, only to return, and this time, the two proceed to kiss each other passionately. Upon realizing their feelings for each other, Claire and Ruben start meeting each other secretly, and contemplate leaving their spouses in order to marry. Although Ruben is a devout Christian who opposes divorce, his feelings for Claire remain strong and says he believes they can make it work. Claire agrees to make a decision when she is ready.\n\n### The Divorce\nLater, Ruben and the family go to the annual Christmas party at the Church. While Diane is away, Ruben runs into Claire at the dance and the two steal the dance floor, and Claire accepts Ruben\\'s proposal. Diane witnesses this and confronts her husband at home, where he admits he no longer wishes to be married to Diane. Diane makes excuses for her lack of empathy towards Ruben, but Ruben is convinced that their marriage is irreconcilable. Diane drives him away and vows to get even with him. Ruben tells Chuck and Brook about his decision, and the kids admit to their father that Diane has treated them as badly as she treated him, much to Ruben\\'s distress. Ruben goes forth with the divorce proceedings against Diane\\'s wishes.","parent_id":"6c924582d837c8703add","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6c924582d837c8703add:2","document_content":"# Seduced by Madness\n### The Divorce\nMeanwhile at school, Diane feigns sadness in front of her students to gain sympathy from them. It becomes apparent that she maintains a close relationship with her students in order to get them to do her bidding when she feels fit. One of her closest students, Doug Vest (Christian Campbell), comforts her and Diane lies that her husband physically abuses her in front of their children, and is turning them against her. Diane hugs Doug in her drive for sympathy, saying that Ruben would not do this to her if he knew she had him. After school, Doug meets with his friends Josh Yanke (Jonah Blechman), Cory (Michael Scott Campbell), and Elgin (Aeryk Egan) to discuss \\\"messing up\\\" Mr.\u00a0Borchardt. Doug, whose estranged father was physically abusive towards his own mother, says that Ruben\\'s behavior is inexcusable.\nOne day, Ruben invites Claire to his house while Diane is away, and presents her with a necklace as a token of his affections. Unbeknownst to the couple, Cory and Elgin photograph them in the house, and when Diane shows the pictures to Shannon Johnson (Alanna Ubach), another one of her students who assists her in the shop, she declares that she wants Ruben dead. During Christmas break, Diane coaxes Doug into her car, and lets him take it for a spin. She shows him the house and says she\\'d be willing to let him have the car. She goes on to explain her situation with Ruben, lying to Doug about the true nature of their divorce. She then says that if she were to have Ruben killed, it would have to be someone she trusted, and to his distress, she refers to him.\nLater, Diane\\'s lawyer informs her that Ruben is seeking sole custody of the house, much to her outrage, even though he is the original proprietor. In retaliation, Diane informs the pastor of their church that Ruben has strayed from the church and violated the sacredness of their marriage. Ruben is informed by the pastor that he is not to take communion at the church for committing adultery. After New Year\\'s Day, Ruben learns that Diane is seeking custody of Chuck as part of her ploy to secure the house, prompting Ruben to confront her. Diane reacts violently and proceeds to physically beat Ruben while Chuck and Brook struggle to stop her.","parent_id":"6c924582d837c8703add","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6c924582d837c8703add:3","document_content":"# Seduced by Madness\n### The Divorce\nAt the divorce proceedings, Ruben gains custody of Chuck and Diane gains sole custody of her shop and Regan. However, to her outrage, Ruben gains custody of the house. Diane is to vacate the property within one month, and silently promises to enact revenge on Ruben.\nLater in March, Diane commissions another student, Tim (Johnny Strong), to do away with her husband, telling him that the one person she still trusted let her down. Tim tells this to Doug, who immediately feels guilty for turning his back on Diane. Tim also admits that Diane may be contemplating the murder of her husband. Diane later accuses Ruben of stealing her jewellery, when in reality, she plans on paying it to Doug to kill her husband. She also tries to secure title to Ruben\\'s life insurance policy. Later that night, Diane approaches Doug and tells him she wants him to kill Ruben, much to Doug\\'s horror. Once again, she makes out Ruben to be the guilty party, claiming that he is taking everything from her. She bribes Doug with her jewellery and cash to carry out the murder, and he gives in to her demands despite his reservations.\nDoug later commissions Josh and his cousin Michael Maldonado (Freddy Rodriguez) to help him carry out the murder. Michael rejects the proposal, insisting that he receive higher pay to carry out the deed. Diane begins to harass Claire for stealing Ruben away, going so far as to threaten her with death. Claire becomes uneasy as the harassment persists, and insists Diane is dangerous, but Ruben insists he can handle her. At school, Diane again insists that Doug carry out the murder, and lays out her plan to kill Ruben. Doug refuses to do it, until Diane bribes him with \\$20,000 from Ruben\\'s life insurance policy. Doug gives in to her demands and agrees to pay Josh and Mike part of it and they agree to help him.","parent_id":"6c924582d837c8703add","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6c924582d837c8703add:4","document_content":"# Seduced by Madness\n### The Murder\nWhile Diane is packing, Ruben confides to Brook that he has a stash of emergency cash for her and Chuck should anything happen to him, and Diane listens in. She also picks a fight with Ruben when she intends to sell Susan\\'s sewing machine, to which Ruben objects. Diane then punches Ruben and beats him when he refuses to fight back. After grabbing her arm in an attempt to disarm her, Diane uses the marks on her arm to claim to the police that Ruben hit her. Ruben denies this and the police tell the couple to separate temporarily. Having planned on this, Diane agrees to leave the house for Easter, and has made plans to stay at Susan\\'s parents\\' house with Regan. She also takes the family dog away by force. Before leaving, Diane forces Ruben to kiss her in front of the cops, and whispers to him \\\"You\\'re dead\\\".\nOn the eve of Easter morning, Ruben is wary of Diane\\'s death threat. He tells Claire that should anything happen to him, she is to find another man to make her happy, while insisting that all will be well. Throughout the night, Shannon contemplates warning Ruben of the impending danger, but fails to make the call. In the early morning hours of Easter Sunday, Doug and his two friends break into the house while Ruben prepares for Easter service. They gather at the top of the stairs, where they face Ruben as he goes to wake his son. Mike pulls out a shotgun and fires two rounds into Ruben, fatally wounding him. The boys then flee the scene and dump the shotgun into a vacant lot. Chuck soon wakes up to find his father bleeding to death on the stairs, and calls 911 while Ruben calls Claire. As Ruben fights for his life, he proclaims his love for her and leaves his children in her care. Ruben is rushed to the hospital where the family gathers to learn of his condition. Claire soon shows up to see Ruben, only to discover that he has died.","parent_id":"6c924582d837c8703add","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6c924582d837c8703add:5","document_content":"# Seduced by Madness\n### The Murder\nAs the family mourns their loss, Diane also learns of the murder, and feigns shock and sadness in front of Sue\\'s parents. They become suspicious of her when she fails to ask any questions about the murder. Meanwhile, Detectives Burstyn (Cliff De Young) and Pike (Dean Norris) are assigned to track down Ruben\\'s killer. When Diane refuses to talk to the police after the murder, she becomes the primary suspect. In the days that follow, Diane deals further insult to her grieving family by threatening to sue the funeral home for proceeding with Ruben\\'s service without her consent, as she had not been present to arrange it. Brook accuses her of killing her father, a charge Diane immediately denies.\nThe funeral soon takes place and the family pays their final respects to Ruben as he is laid to rest. Once again, Diane feigns sorrow in front of the open casket to preserve her innocence. Claire watches the burial from nearby, and soon collapses from shock.\n\n### The Investigation\nThe police soon discover that the murder weapon was a shotgun, and deduce that the shooter was an amateur, as the gun was of a cheap design. They are later tipped off about the photographs taken by Cory and Elgin, and question the boys about their activities. They learn that Diane shares her personal problems with her class, and is thus able to manipulate them to do as she pleases.\nMeanwhile, Doug struggles to acquire the money promised to him by Diane. Due to her increasingly suspicious behavior in the case, Diane is denied access to Ruben\\'s life insurance policy. Having grown impatient with Doug, Mike threatens Diane at knife-point and demands that she pay up. Frantic, Diane searches her husband\\'s bedroom for the money he had hidden away, and soon finds a package containing \\$6,000. She gives \\$1,500 to the boys, who are still not satisfied with their payment.","parent_id":"6c924582d837c8703add","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6c924582d837c8703add:6","document_content":"# Seduced by Madness\n### The Investigation\nAs the case remains at a standstill, Brook meets Claire in the hospital and pleads that she come back to them, as she was more of a mother to them than Diane ever was. Claire blames herself for Ruben\\'s death, but Brook tells her that he was more alive with Claire than he had ever been before. Upon hearing this, Claire is soon able to overcome her personal guilt and becomes an adoptive mother to Chuck and Brook. Meanwhile, Brook has moved to Madison, Wisconsin, where she starts over without Diane in her life. Eventually, she meets a boy named Nick at her new job, and the two soon fall in love. After a night in bed, Brook discovers she is pregnant with Nick\\'s son, and the two agree to marry each other.\nDoug soon realizes that Diane will never be able to pay up, and informs his friends that he cannot obtain any more money. Meanwhile, Mike admits to his best friend Jeb (Andrew Kavovit) that he had a hand in Ruben\\'s death, albeit without any noteworthy remorse. Jeb is unable to bring himself to confess to the police.\nFive months after the murder, it becomes apparent to Diane that the cops are on to her, and tries to conceal her guilt. Shannon meets with Doug, and forces him to confess his role in the murder so that she can turn in all evidence to the cops before she commits suicide, making herself out to be the killer in an effort to protect Diane. Diane dissuades her from doing this as it will only lead the police back to her regardless. By the time school restarts, the boys are frustrated by their lack of payment, and struggle to conceal the truth about Ruben\\'s murder.","parent_id":"6c924582d837c8703add","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6c924582d837c8703add:7","document_content":"# Seduced by Madness\n### Arrest and Trial\nSix months into the case, Jeb breaks down and admits to his friend Jay that Mike and Doug were responsible for Ruben\\'s murder. Rather than force Jeb to turn in his best friend, Jay goes to the cops himself and implicates Doug as an accomplice. Doug is brought in for questioning, where he accidentally lets slip that he was in fact involved in Ruben\\'s murder. When Burstyn confronts him on this, Doug makes a full confession, and provides him with the names of his accomplices. Mike and Shannon are arrested, and the two detectives rush to the high school. There, amidst the air of shock and outrage among the students, the police arrest Josh and Diane, with the latter desperately protesting her innocence as she is dragged away in handcuffs.\nSix months later, Diane has been set free on bail as the court proceeds with the trials. Doug and Mike are both charged with first-degree murder as adults, and face life imprisonment. Josh pleads guilty to his crime in exchange for his testimony, and Shannon is charged with perjury. Josh admits his role in the conspiracy, as well as Doug\\'s role in organizing the attack. Doug reveals the full details of the murder before the trial, and after his testimony, he is sentenced to life imprisonment. Diane is soon rearrested and brought forth to face a series of witnesses, who implicate her as the mastermind of the plot against Ruben. Among these witnesses is Shannon, who feels betrayed by Diane\\'s reluctance to come forth to her defense. Doug also testifies against Diane, admitting that she commissioned him to carry out the murder.\nAfter the conclusion of the testimonies, the jury makes its final verdict. To Diane\\'s horror, she is found guilty of first-degree intentional homicide, and breaks down in front of the courtroom as her daughter Regan looks on in despair.\nHaving finally received justice for their father, the Borchardt family, along with Brook\\'s husband and newborn son Ruben, visit Ruben\\'s grave along with Claire. The family reflects on the better days of Ruben\\'s life and welcome Brook\\'s son, named in honor of his grandfather, into their family.","parent_id":"6c924582d837c8703add","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6c924582d837c8703add:8","document_content":"# Seduced by Madness\n### Arrest and Trial\nIn the final scene, Diane is interviewed for a True Crime Documentary, from jail. Now having completely lost her mind due to her conviction, she admits not to know what she\\'s supposed to have learnt \\'from this\\' and that her main concern is whether Ruben had \\'time to repent or is he lost forever?\\'\n\n### Epilogue\nThe end of the film is followed by an epilogue outlining the sentences faced by the conspirators:\n**SHANNON JOHNSON** is found guilty of perjury, and receives an eighty-day jail sentence along with two years probation.\n**JOSHUA YANKE** pleaded no contest to second-degree intentional homicide and is sentenced to eighteen years in prison.\n**MICHAEL MALDONADO** is found guilty of first-degree murder and sentenced to life in prison. He will not be eligible for parole until he has served fifty years of his sentence.\n**DOUGLAS VEST JR.** is found guilty of first-degree murder and sentenced to life in prison. He will not be eligible for parole until he has served twenty-five years of his sentence.\n**DIANE BORCHARDT** is found guilty of first-degree murder and sentenced to life in prison, and will not be eligible for parole until she has served 40 years of her sentence, by that time being no less than eighty-six years of age.\n- Ann-Margret as Diane Kay Borchardt\n- Peter Coyote as Ruben Borchardt\n- Leslie Hope as Claire Brown\n- Hedy Burress as Brooke Borchardt\n- Tobey Maguire as Chuck Borchardt\n- Veronica Lauren as Regan Borchardt\n- Christian Campbell as Douglas Vest, Jr.\n- Freddy Rodriguez as Michael Maldonado\n- Johnny Strong as Tim\n- Jonah Blechman as Joshua Yanke\n- Alanna Ubach as Shannon Johnson\n- Danny Masterson as Seth\n- Aeryk Egan as Elgin Thomas\n- Scott Michael Campbell as Cory\n- Cliff De Young as Detective Burstyn\n- Dean Norris as Detective Pike\n- Belinda Balaski as Principal\n- Rebecca Stein as Sister\nUlysses S. Grant High School in Los Angeles, California was used as the filming location for the external scenes at the high school where Diane Borchardt teaches.\nDuring production, the names of several individuals involved in the case were deliberately changed for their purposes and those of the film.","parent_id":"6c924582d837c8703add","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f2ff591c7ea1247a7a85:0","document_content":"# CJ7\n***CJ7*** () is a 2008 Hong Kong--Chinese comic science fiction film co-written, co-produced, starring, and directed by Stephen Chow. It was released on January 31, 2008, in Hong Kong. It was also released on March 14, 2008, in the United States.\nIn August 2007 the film was given the title *CJ7*, a play on China\\'s successful Shenzhou crewed space missions---Shenzhou 5 and Shenzhou 6. It was previously known by a series of working titles---*Alien*, *Yangtze River VII*, *Long River 7* and most notably, *A Hope*. The title probably refers to the Chinese name of the Yangtze River, which is Changjiang.\n*CJ7* was filmed in Ningbo, in the Zhejiang province of China.\nChow Ti is a poor construction worker. He lives in a partially demolished house with his nine-year-old son, Dicky. Ti is eager to save money so he can continue sending his son to private school. Not much is known about Dicky\\'s mother, other than the fact she had died when Dicky was young upon Dicky being questioned by Ms.\u00a0Yuen, Dicky\\'s teacher, one morning as to where his parents were.\nDicky is often bullied by other children, in particular by a boy named Johnny. Johnny is the son of a rich family and bosses other students around at school. He also has other students as his henchmen. Dicky is also chided by his teachers at school because he is poor and wears shabby clothes. Ti often helps Dicky to obtain things from the junkyard as they are too poor to afford certain items, such as his shoes that are tattered. During P.E class, Dicky is punished for wearing torn up shoes and is to stand away. He is sad as he really enjoys doing sports, hoping to have a pair of better shoes soon. Maggie, a large girl in his class joins him as she did not want to participate in P.E class. She also develops a crush on Dicky.","parent_id":"f2ff591c7ea1247a7a85","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f2ff591c7ea1247a7a85:1","document_content":"# CJ7\nOne day, while at a department store, Dicky begs his father to buy him a popular robotic toy called CJ1. Ti cannot afford it, and the situation ends badly when Ti smacks the stubborn Dicky in front of other customers. Dicky finds comfort in Ms.\u00a0Yuen who is passing by. That night, Ti visits the junkyard where he often picks up home appliances and clothes for Dicky. He finds a strange green orb left by a space saucer and takes it home, telling Dicky that it is a new toy. He is hesitant at first, but later accepts it. The next day, Dicky brings the orb to school and gets beaten up by the other children only to get injured and scolded by Ti. The following evening, the green orb transforms into a cute and cuddly dog-like alien creature that befriends Dicky. After playing with the alien, he learns that it is capable of restorative powers after it restores a rotten apple that fell to the ground. Dicky is very thrilled and names the alien \\\"CJ7\\\", and then falls asleep dancing in happiness.\nThat night, Dicky dreams that the alien will help him gain popularity and good grades at school. In his dream, he asks the alien of some tasks. First, CJ7 defeats a fierce stray dog in an alley as requested by Dicky. It also helps him score on his exam (by creating a orange pair of glasses to help him cheat with tiny drones with cameras). During this scene, Johnny swats at the drones and Dicky is temporarily unable to see the answers on his paper. Backup drones fly out and they fly towards Mr.\u00a0Cao, whose glasses lenses get broken as Johnny and a female classmate both swat at the fly-drones. In P.E class (with dream CJ7 constructing a pair of red boots with special powers), he outdoes his classmates in various sports scenes. Eventually, policemen and teachers including Mr.\u00a0Cao and Ms.\u00a0Yuen to try and subdue his superhuman powers. He jumps high into the sky thanks to the springs on his shoes. He then jumps off a flying eagle and sees a big cloud in the shape of CJ7.","parent_id":"f2ff591c7ea1247a7a85","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f2ff591c7ea1247a7a85:2","document_content":"# CJ7\nUpon waking up, Dicky tries to relive his expectations and demands for CJ7 to carry out the tasks again, but CJ7 is unable to be of help. CJ7 does not understand what Dicky asks of him and defecates on his hand, which Dicky has to deal with during his exam. The class bully jeers at him for holding a stool in his hand and shoves it onto Dicky\\'s face. Later, Dicky expresses his anger towards CJ7 and claims he wants to kill it by forcing it to drown in the toilet bowl. He demands CJ7 to help him fix his sports shoes but out of stress and fear it projectile defecates onto Dicky. Then in P.E class, Dicky is being hosed down by the schools\\' gardeners in front of his class and his P.E teacher. His teacher says he brings great shame to the school for his dirtied uniform as his classmates laugh at him. After school, Dicky lures CJ7 from behind a tree, telling it how much he loves it until it is coaxed out. He uses a bag to entrap CJ7 and catches it. Dicky pulls CJ7 out and angrily tells it how it is a useless space dog and only caused trouble for him at school. He tosses it into the garbage bin but soon after questioning his own behaviour admits his own faults, rushing back to try and recover CJ7 from the bin. Dicky finds that the trash has been emptied by a garage truck to his dismay and tries to chase after the truck to save CJ7 but is already too late. Going home, he is dejected and sad to have lost CJ7. Dicky cheers up and runs to hug CJ7, apologizing and saying how much he misses it after seeing Ti sitting with it.","parent_id":"f2ff591c7ea1247a7a85","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f2ff591c7ea1247a7a85:3","document_content":"# CJ7\nTi is in awe as to how \\\"high tech\\\" CJ7 is as a play toy, twisting and pulling it to admire its malleability as Dicky watches in great discomfort, with CJ7 writhing and squealing in pain. Dicky begs his father to stop yanking its body around as he has to return his toy to a classmate, lying that he borrowed it. Later in that same night, as Ti and Dicky are asleep, CJ7 wakes up from the cooking pan it was resting in to repair the electric fan that Ti bought, fixing and turning the fan on with its special antenna. It is exhausted and uses up its energy as the ball inside the antenna becomes red. The next morning, Dicky goes to school with CJ7 in his backpack.\nWhen a group of students see the alien with Dicky they forcibly take it and try to cut it with tools but nothing seems to work. At last they try to use a drill and Dicky jumps on them. CJ7 scurries into some nearby bushes. Dicky tries to hit one of the students but a fat boy stops him who in turn is stopped by Maggie. They are all punished for fighting and demanded to explain the situation. When the teacher, Mr.\u00a0Cao, leaves, CJ7 comes out from hiding and Dicky gets it to perform tricks for the other students and they are awed. Dicky thanks Johnny for not letting Mr.\u00a0Cao know about CJ7. They shake hands and agree to not let the adults know about it and buy the group one.\nAt the construction site Ti shows everyone Dicky\\'s test paper in which he scored 100 until his boss tells him that Dicky changed the marks from 0 to 100 and is a cheater. Then Ti threatens his boss that if he continues saying his son cheated he will hit him. This results in a fight that leads to Ti running off while his boss shouts after him that he is fired. Ti meets Dicky at home and gets angry with him for lying. He takes CJ7 from him and shoves it into his messenger bag, saying he does not get to play with CJ7 since he does not work hard. When Dicky tells Ti to leave him alone, he promises he will if Dicky can score more than 60 on his own.","parent_id":"f2ff591c7ea1247a7a85","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f2ff591c7ea1247a7a85:4","document_content":"# CJ7\nThe following day, Ti comes to Dicky\\'s school to give him his lunchbox. There he meets Ms.\u00a0Yuen, who offers to help Dicky study. He shakes her hand gratefully and leaves on his bike as Ms.\u00a0Yuen watches on before leaving. Ti goes back to his boss and apologizes; his boss apologises for calling his son a cheater in front of the other works. He gives him his job back and his salary as well as a bonus (inside a red packet) so that Ti may buy Dicky new textbooks. Ti remarks of his great luck to the woman operating the lift on his way up to the building he is working on but is shut off with her sliding door. During work, an accident happens with Ti knocking some canisters over, trapping Ti\\'s legs with ropes and pulling him close to the edge. Ti attempts to grab onto a bamboo pole for dear life and a worker asks where his safety harness is. Ti is unable to retrieve it and in doing so loses grip on the bamboo, falls down further to grip some mesh netting, suspended by the canister\\'s weight. Another worker in a lower floor sees him and tries to help by telling Ti to stretch his free hand out along with other workers. Unfortunately, Ti cannot reach his hand and the netting tears apart. Ti falls to his death from the building\\'s scaffolding.\nBack at school, Ms.\u00a0Yuen calls Dicky from his classroom just as he gets his test result in which he scores 65. Dicky is seen sitting at the hospital, clutching onto his paper as he looks on the scene between the doctor, Ti\\'s boss and Ms.\u00a0Yuen in the door window near him. She goes home with Dicky and tearfully breaks the news to him that his father has passed away. Dicky begins to cry; telling her to leave and pushes her out and locks the house door to sob. In his bawling state, Dicky says that Ti will come back tomorrow and apologises to Ms.\u00a0Yuen, telling her he is going to sleep as she listens on outside, sliding down to a sitting position as she cries with him out of sympathy.","parent_id":"f2ff591c7ea1247a7a85","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f2ff591c7ea1247a7a85:5","document_content":"# CJ7\nCJ7, still in the messenger bag which is now under the table on which Ti\\'s dead body is lying, wriggles out of the bag and uses its repairing powers on Ti\\'s body, even though it knows it will take its full power and it will die.\nThe next morning Dicky finds Ti sleeping next to him. Ti awakes and questions why he is still in his uniform. Dicky rushes to embrace his father and sobs that he will be a good son, repeating Ti\\'s words on not cheating, lying and stealing and to do well at school. They share a loving moment. Then, CJ7 crawls out exhaustedly out of Ti\\'s messenger bag and lies on the bed, powerless and drained from using all its energy on Ti\\'s rejuvenation from the night before. The ball inside his antenna falls and disintegrates, and he transforms into a small doll with cross eyes. They try many ways (using batteries, electric shock and injecting glucose) to get CJ7 back but are unsuccessful.\nIn the end, it is shown that everything is back to normal. A scene in a park unfolds; the fat boy is in love with Maggie who is in love with Dicky who is in love with another girl who is taken by the bully, Johnny. Ti is in love with Ms.\u00a0Yuen but is \\\"not funny enough\\\" for her. Dicky wears the alien doll as a neck pendant all the time, hoping that it to come back to life when he closes his eyes, counting to three and opens them. He hears a whimpering sound, only to find a small white dog to be the source of the sound. The dog is quickly lifted away by a classmate. Dicky is sad that CJ7 is still not alive.\nIn the end, Dicky sees a UFO descending onto the bridge in front of him. Many other alien dogs like CJ7 of various colors and patterns emerge, running towards him and he realizes that the CJ7s are headed by his very own toy.\nActor\/director Stephen Chow promoting *CJ7* in Malaysia\n- Stephen Chow as Chow Ti\n- Xu Jiao as Dicky Chow\n- Kitty Zhang Yuqi as Ms.\u00a0Yuen\n- Lam Chi Chung as The Boss\n- Lee Sheung Ching as Mr.\u00a0Cao\n- Huang Lei as Johnny\n- Min Hun Fung as P.E. Teacher","parent_id":"f2ff591c7ea1247a7a85","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f2ff591c7ea1247a7a85:6","document_content":"# CJ7\nAs with the title *CJ7*, the earlier working titles, *A Hope*, *Yangtze River VII*, and *Long River 7*, referred to the Chinese crewed space program. The mission of Shenzhou 6 was completed in 2006 and the real Shenzhou 7 successfully launched in September 2008. The film had a budget of US\\$20 million, and heavily uses CG effects. Xu Jiao, the child who plays Dicky, is in fact female. She had to cross-dress to be in the film.\nMusic tracks featured in *CJ7* include \\\"Masterpiece\\\" and \\\"I Like Chopin\\\" by Gazebo and \\\"Sunny\\\" by Boney M.\nReferences to Chow\\'s other films are made during some scenes, particularly during Dicky\\'s dream sequence. These references include Dicky using his super sneakers to kick a soccer ball into the goal, which subsequently collapses (referencing *Shaolin Soccer*) and Dicky flying into the sky with his sneakers, jumping from the head of an eagle, seeing CJ7\\'s shape as a cloud and using the Buddha\\'s Palm, (referencing *Kung Fu Hustle*). The scene where Dicky tosses away his glasses while they self-destruct is a reference to John Woo\\'s *Mission: Impossible 2*. On one of the DVD featurettes, Chow cites *E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial* and *Doraemon* as an influence on the film.\nDuring its North American limited release, *CJ7* received mixed reviews from critics. The review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reported that 49% of critics gave the film positive reviews based on 81 reviews, with an average rating of 5.3\/10. The site\\'s critics consensus reads, \\\"Eccentric and sweet, Stephen Chow\\'s latest is charming, but too strangely and slackly plotted to work as a whole.\\\" The percentage is much lower than Stephen Chow\\'s previous films *Shaolin Soccer* (90%) and *Kung Fu Hustle* (90%). Metacritic reported the film has a weighted average score of 46 out of 100 based on 18 reviews, indicating \\\"mixed or average reviews\\\".","parent_id":"f2ff591c7ea1247a7a85","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f2ff591c7ea1247a7a85:7","document_content":"# CJ7\nThe film fared no better with local Hong Kong critics. Perry Lam of *Muse* gave a decidedly negative review of the film: \\'We go to see a Stephen Chow movie for its great entertainment value and, occasionally, its terrific cinematic panache. We don\\'t need to be told that we are morally superior because we don\\'t have much money.\\'\n`Year`\n`Award-Giving\u00a0Body`\n`Category`\n`Work`\n`Result`\n`2009`\n`28th\u00a0Hong\u00a0Kong\u00a0Film\u00a0Awards\u00a0`\n`Best\u00a0New\u00a0Performer`\n`Xu\u00a0Jiao`\n`Best\u00a0Film`\n`CJ7`\n`Best\u00a0Supporting\u00a0Actor`\n`Stephen\u00a0Chow`\n`Best\u00a0Visual\u00a0Effects`\n`Eddy\u00a0Wong,\u00a0Victor\u00a0Wong\u00a0&\u00a0Ken\u00a0Law`","parent_id":"f2ff591c7ea1247a7a85","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"077c1622434ef1b7dd62:0","document_content":"# Alraune (1918 film)\n***Alraune*** is a 1918 Hungarian science fiction horror film directed by Michael Curtiz and Edmund Fritz and starring G\u00e9za Erd\u00e9lyi. Little is known about this film which is now believed to be lost. It is a variation on the original legend of Alraune in which a Mad Scientist creates a beautiful but demonic child from the forced union between a woman and a mandrake root.\n- Gyula G\u00e1l \\... Professor Brinken\n- R\u00f3zsi Sz\u00f6ll\u00f6si \\... Alraune\n- K\u00e1lm\u00e1n K\u00f6rmendy \\... Frank Braun\n- B\u00f6ske Malatinszky \\... Alma Raune, mother of Alraune\n- G\u00e9za Erd\u00e9lyi \\... Farkas Gontran\n- Andor Kardos \\... Sebesty\u00e9n Gontran, legal adviser\n- Andr\u00e1s Kruppka \\... Instructor Petersen (as Andor K. Kov\u00e1cs)\n- K\u00e1roly \u00c1rnyai \\... Manesse attorney\n- Margit Lux\n- Violetta Szlat\u00e9nyi\n- Jen\u0151 T\u00f6rzs\n- Viktor Daniel\n- Boleszlav Szobierszki\n- Michael Curtiz filmography\n- List of lost films","parent_id":"077c1622434ef1b7dd62","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a4d9315c8f2c66f3126d:0","document_content":"# Trade (film)\n***Trade*** is a 2007 drama film directed by Marco Kreuzpaintner and starring Kevin Kline. It was produced by Roland Emmerich and Rosilyn Heller. The film premiered January 23, 2007 at the 2007 Sundance Film Festival and opened in limited release on September 28, 2007. It is based on Peter Landesman\\'s article \\\"The Girls Next Door\\\" about sex slaves, which was featured as the cover story in the January 24, 2004 issue of *The New York Times Magazine*.\nIn a poor family in Mexico City, Adriana celebrates her 13th birthday, and is happy about the bicycle her 17-year-old brother Jorge gives her. Their mother suspects Jorge has got the money for the present in a dishonest way, and forbids Adriana to ride it. Indeed, Jorge lures a tourist into a quiet street pretending to bring him to a prostitute, and with two friends rob the man by threatening him with guns. After the tourist complies, the three carry out a mock execution, revealing that the guns are only water guns.\nAbout same time, Veronica, a young woman from Poland, arrives at the airport together with a girlfriend, where they are met by a group who had promised to get them to Los Angeles, but instead they\\'re, in fact, being kidnapped, and when they realize this, in a struggle to get away, the friend is hit and killed by a car.\nAgainst her mother\\'s order, Adriana sneaks out to ride her new bike. When she notices a car following her, she tries to get away, but is captured and taken to the place where Veronica, several Latin American women, and a young Thai boy are also kept. The gang leader pushes Veronica to bed as his henchman begins to videotape. Veronica tries to fight back but is overpowered. As Veronica is being raped, she flashes back and realizes how the traders had conspired and arranged the entire trip, to sell her into sexual slavery.","parent_id":"a4d9315c8f2c66f3126d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a4d9315c8f2c66f3126d:1","document_content":"# Trade (film)\nJorge sees a boy riding the bicycle he has given to Adriana, suspects that he has stolen it, and stops him. The boy says he has found the bike on the street, and shows the place he found it. Her things still on the street indicate that she was kidnapped. Jorge asks his friends to help him find her, but when an adult adviser tells the boys the kidnappers belong to a powerful globally operating Russian gangster network, they refuse. Jorge finds out that the kidnappers \\\"sell\\\" their victims as sex slaves through a connection in New Jersey.\nWhile Jorge asks people if they have seen his sister, he sees her among the other victims as they are hurried into a truck by the kidnappers. He steals his friends\\' car and uses it to follow the kidnappers. As he approaches the border, he sees the truck. Two policemen approach the truck and allow them to cross, in exchange for cash and sex. One of the police is allowed to choose a victim to rape, and Veronica is chosen. The gangster evacuates everyone from the truck except for the policeman and Veronica as she is raped again. Jorge manages to follow the van to Ju\u00e1rez, but then loses track of it.\nAdriana, Veronica and the Thai boy are smuggled into the US, but the group is caught by the US Border Patrol. The gang members keep the kidnapped people from telling the police that they were kidnapped by threatening to harm their families. The kidnappers and victims are sent back to Mexico, after which they sneak into the US again.\nWhen Jorge finally finds the house where the victims were kept, they are already gone. A car with Texas license plates arrives. While the driver Ray (Kevin Kline) looks through the house, Jorge manages to hide in the trunk of the car. He thereby illegally crosses the border into the USA. Jorge reveals himself and tells about the kidnapping, and Ray, a federal insurance fraud investigator, brings Jorge to a police station to report the kidnapping. However, Jorge, who came along reluctantly, flees, suspicious about police. Ray finds Jorge and decides to help him to rescue his sister, and slowly they become friends. It is learned that Ray was in Ju\u00e1rez to search for his extra-marital daughter, who was also probably sold.","parent_id":"a4d9315c8f2c66f3126d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a4d9315c8f2c66f3126d:2","document_content":"# Trade (film)\nJorge and Ray travel to New Jersey, where the victims are being taken and where an internet auction will be held to sell them to the highest bidder. The Thai boy is drugged by an injection in his neck and delivered to an elderly man who buys him. At a rest-stop diner with Ray, Jorge recognizes the little boy, and Ray frees him and forces the man to tell the password of the internet site of the auction.\nAdriana is forced to have oral sex with a customer in a field; the gang members tell the customer that he cannot have intercourse with her, because at the auction she has to be sold as a virgin. At a stop, Adriana and Veronica manage to escape. Veronica sees a policeman and tells Adriana to tell him what is happening, while Veronica herself phones her parents in Poland to tell them, but learns that her little son has already been taken by the criminal organization. Adriana fails to tell the policeman, and during the phone call Adriana and Veronica are recaptured by the kidnappers. At another stop, Veronica commits suicide by jumping from a cliff, telling the kidnapper that he will pay for his sins. The kidnapper arrives with Adriana at a house where his female boss keeps more victims. She scolds him for losing Veronica.","parent_id":"a4d9315c8f2c66f3126d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a4d9315c8f2c66f3126d:3","document_content":"# Trade (film)\nRay and Jorge ask the New Jersey police to free Adriana, but they refuse; it would disrupt their strategy against the larger criminal organization the gang is part of. Ray gets consent by phone from his wife to withdraw a large sum of money from their bank account for a purpose not told to her, and, assisted by Jorge, participates in the auction and buys the girl for \\$32,000, to free her. Ray visits the house where she is kept, bringing the money. However, he asks the female boss where she is from, making her suspicious. Due to the intense green eye color and approximate age of the female boss, it is implied that she is Ray\\'s long-lost daughter. He has to prove that he is not a cop by having sex with Adriana in a room in the house. He does not do that; instead Adriana on purpose goes in the washroom and comes back with blood on her hand and smears the bedsheet. The kidnapper comes in to check on them, and understands that in spite of the blood on the sheet they have not had sex. Adriana reminds him of what Veronica said before she died, and in his guilty conscience he cooperates and tells his female boss that the defilement did take place. As they leave, Jorge arrives and hits the man on the head with a tire iron, and the police, checking on the house after all, arrest the two kidnappers and free several children they find in the basement. The money Ray brought is returned to him. He gives it to Jorge, and recommends that he stays out of trouble back in Mexico. Jorge puts the money secretly back into Ray\\'s car when they say goodbye. Jorge and Adriana are flown to Mexico. Adriana is worried that because she disappeared for so long, with no explanation, her mother will be mad, but in reality she is overjoyed that she is back. Jorge finds the leader of the kidnappers and kills him, only to discover that the man had a young son.","parent_id":"a4d9315c8f2c66f3126d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a4d9315c8f2c66f3126d:4","document_content":"# Trade (film)\n- Kevin Kline as Ray Sheridan, a fraud investigator who helps Jorge search for his sister when he finds him.\n- Cesar Ramos as Jorge, the trouble making 17-year-old brother of Adriana.\n- Alicja Bachleda as Veronica, a Polish tourist who is kidnapped.\n- Paulina Gait\u00e1n as Adriana, Jorge\\'s younger sister who is also kidnapped.\n- Marco P\u00e9rez as Manuelo\n- Linda Emond as Patty Sheridan\n- Zack Ward as Alex Green\n- Kate del Castillo as Laura\n- Tim Reid as Hank Jefferson\n- Pasha D. Lychnikoff as Vadim Youchenko\n- Natalia Traven as Lupe\n- Leland Pascual as Thai Boy, a ten-year-old boy who is also kidnapped. He is the only boy that was kidnapped.\n*Trade* received mixed to negative reviews from critics. On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds a 34% approval rating, based on 73 reviews with an average rating of 5\/10. The website\\'s critics consensus reads: \\\"With an exploitative style that seems more suited for TV shows like *CSI*, *Trade*s message about the reality of child exploitation is easily lost\\\". On Metacritic, the film had an average score of 42 out of 100, based on 22 reviews indicating \\\"mixed or average reviews\\\".\nRobert Koehler of *Variety* said that \\\"With all of the earmarks of being a serious and thoughtful drama written and based on Peter Landesman\\'s investigative work on the international sex slave trade network, it comes as something of a shock to discover that the final film is little more than a exploitative thriller\\\".\nJeannette Catsoulis of *The New York Times* called *Trade* \\\"an eagerly prurient dip into the sex-trafficking trough\\\", adding that \\\"it teeters between earnest expos\u00e9 and salacious melodrama, but criticizing film\\'s \\\"near-visible weight of conscience\\\", which if not for it, would have guaranteed a success in the second category.\nThe film opened in limited release in the United States and Canada on September 28, 2007 and grossed an estimated \\$114,000 in 90 theaters, an average of \\$1,266 per theater.\n- Abduction of Chloe Ayling","parent_id":"a4d9315c8f2c66f3126d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1511de8bbee1a8d51309:0","document_content":"# The Invasion (film)\n***The Invasion*** is a 2007 American science fiction horror film directed by Oliver Hirschbiegel, with additional scenes written by The Wachowskis and directed by James McTeigue, and starring Nicole Kidman and Daniel Craig. The plot follows a psychiatrist (Kidman) in Washington, D.C. who finds those around her turning into emotionless beings shortly after a major space shuttle crash.\nDevelopment of the film began in 2004. Warner Bros.\u00a0hired David Kajganich to write what was intended to be a remake of the 1956 film *Invasion of the Body Snatchers*, but Kajganich crafted a different story as an original conception and to reflect contemporary times. Principal photography began in September 2005. The film was released on August 17, 2007, and grossed \\$40.2 million against a \\$65--80 million budget.\n*The Invasion* is the fourth film adaptation of the 1955 novel *The Body Snatchers* by Jack Finney, following Don Siegel\\'s 1956 film, Philip Kaufman\\'s 1978 film, and Abel Ferrara\\'s 1993 *Body Snatchers.*\nAfter a Space Shuttle crashes on Earth, a fungus-like alien lifeform is discovered on the remaining parts scattered widely over the United States. Once people are infected by the organism, and REM sleep occurs, the organism takes control. One of the first people infected is Tucker Kaufman, a CDC director investigating the crash.\nTucker\\'s ex-wife, psychiatrist Carol Bennell, begins to feel something is amiss when people seem to have \\\"changed\\\". Her patient, Wendy Lenk (played by Veronica Cartwright, who appeared in the 1978 film version as Nancy Bellicec), describes how her husband \\\"is not (her) husband\\\", and one of Carol\\'s son\\'s friends acts detached and emotionless.","parent_id":"1511de8bbee1a8d51309","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1511de8bbee1a8d51309:1","document_content":"# The Invasion (film)\nAt a neighborhood Halloween party, Carol\\'s son Oliver finds an unusual patch of \\\"skin\\\" on a partier, which is initially believed to be costume makeup. Carol speculates that the skin may be connected to reports of a fast-spreading flu. Carol takes the sample to her doctor friend Ben Driscoll to have it analyzed. Carol and Oliver later witness a car accident where a troubled woman is killed. Carol approaches the crash scene to give a witness statement, but an emotionless cop takes down her plates and orders her back to her car. Afterwards, Carol drops Oliver off at Tucker\\'s house for the weekend.\nLater, that night, Ben and Carol attend a friendly dinner meeting between Russian diplomat Yorish and Czech diplomat Belicec (along with his wife Luddie). Carol and Yorish debate the violent nature of humans over caviar and champagne. Meanwhile, Tucker uses the CDC to spread the disease further, disguising the spores as flu vaccine and Carol, upon returning home, is attacked by a \\\"census department\\\" worker who tries to break into her house.\nBen and Dr.\u00a0Stephen Galeano, a biologist, discover how the spore takes over the brain during REM sleep. During this investigation, Luddie calls Ben, worried about Yorish\\'s behavior. Driscoll and Galeano also find that people who had brain-affecting illnesses, such as encephalitis or ADEM, are immune to the spore because their previous illnesses prevent the spore from \\\"latching on\\\" to the brain matter. Oliver is immune to the spore because of the ADEM he had as a young child. Carol decides to get her son, who might show a way to a cure, back from Tucker. Before she drives to Tucker\\'s house, she joins Ben\\'s team who is called to the house of the Belicecs, the Czech ambassador and his wife, in a case of emergency. There they witness the transformation of Yorish (the Russian ambassador) and the Belicecs\\' friend.","parent_id":"1511de8bbee1a8d51309","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1511de8bbee1a8d51309:2","document_content":"# The Invasion (film)\nWhen Carol arrives at Tucker\\'s house, he and several colleagues close in on her. He explains that the changed humans, devoid of irrational emotions, are offering a better world, and asks her to join them. When Carol resists, Tucker holds her to the ground and infects her by spurting his saliva on her. She escapes and returns to Ben at the Belicecs\\' house. They flee when Belicec returns with more transformed people intent on infecting anyone in the house.\nGaleano and one of his assistants head to Fort Detrick in Frederick, Maryland, where they and other scientists will attempt to find a cure for the virus. Carol and Ben separate to find Oliver, who texts his location, the apartment of Tucker\\'s mother, to Carol. Carol goes there and manages to spirit Oliver away, but is again pursued by Tucker, whom she has to kill to stop.\nCarol arranges to meet up with Ben, but it takes a while for him to show, and Carol almost falls asleep, but Oliver saves her. Ben arrives, but Carol finds he too has \\'converted\\'. He attempts to seduce her to give in to the new society that has no crime, war, or violence, but also frankly states that there is no room for people like Oliver who are immune. Carol shoots Ben in the leg and flees with Oliver. They are pursued, but finally she and Oliver are picked up by helicopter, and flown to the medical center. A vaccine is created, inoculations are made world-wide, and within a year the alien virus is eliminated. Carol and Ben reunite, Ben having no memory of the events, and society reverts to its normal emotional and violent ways.","parent_id":"1511de8bbee1a8d51309","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1511de8bbee1a8d51309:3","document_content":"# The Invasion (film)\n### Conception\nIn March 2004, Warner Bros.\u00a0hired screenwriter David Kajganich to write a script that would serve as a remake of the 1956 science fiction film *Invasion of the Body Snatchers*. In July 2005, director Oliver Hirschbiegel was attached to helm the project, with production to begin in Edgemere, Maryland. The following August, Nicole Kidman was cast to star in the film then titled *Invasion*, receiving a salary of close to \\$17\u00a0million. *Invasion* was based on the script by Kajganich, originally intended as a remake of *Invasion of the Body Snatchers*, but Kajganich crafted a different enough story for the studio to see the project as an original conception. Kajganich described the story to reflect contemporary times, saying, \\\"You just have to look around our world today to see that power inspires nothing more than the desire to retain it and to eliminate anything that threatens it.\\\" The screenwriter said that the story was set in Washington, D.C. to reflect the theme. In August, Daniel Craig was cast opposite Kidman in the lead. The film, whose original title *Invasion of the Body Snatchers* was shortened to *Invasion* due to Kajganich\\'s different concept, was changed once more to *The Visiting* so it would not be confused with ABC\\'s TV series *Invasion*.","parent_id":"1511de8bbee1a8d51309","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1511de8bbee1a8d51309:4","document_content":"# The Invasion (film)\n### Filming\nFilming began on September 26, 2005 in Baltimore and lasted 45 days. Filming also took place in Washington, D.C., including in the Cleveland Park Metro station, outside the Foggy Bottom--GWU Metro station, and in Dupont Circle. The film had minimal visual effects, with no need for greenscreen work. Instead, the director shot from odd camera angles and claustrophobic spaces to increase tension in the film. In October 2006, *The Visiting* changed to the title of *The Invasion*, due to the cancellation of the ABC TV series. The studio, however, was unhappy with Hirschbiegel\\'s results and hired The Wachowskis to rewrite the film and assist with additional shooting. The studio later hired director James McTeigue to perform re-shoots that would cost \\$10\u00a0million and for which McTeigue would not be credited. After 13 months of inactivity, re-shoots took place in January 2007 to increase action scenes and add a twist ending. The re-shoot lasted for 17 days in Los Angeles. During the re-shooting, Kidman was involved in an accident, while in a Jaguar that was being towed by a stunt driver and was taken to a hospital briefly. Kidman broke several ribs, but she was able to get back to work soon after being hospitalized.","parent_id":"1511de8bbee1a8d51309","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1511de8bbee1a8d51309:5","document_content":"# The Invasion (film)\n### Musical score\nIn May 2007, composer John Ottman recorded the musical score for *The Invasion*, using heavy synthesizers combined with a 77-piece orchestra intended to create \\\"otherworldly foreboding and tension\\\". The music was also designed to have an avant-garde postmodern style, with atmospheric and thrilling action elements.\n*The Invasion* was originally intended to be released in June 2006, but it was postponed to 2007. The film was released on August 17, 2007 in the United States and Canada in 2,776 theaters.\nThe music in the trailer is called \\\"Untitled 8 (a.k.a. \\\"Popplagi\u00f0\\\")\\\" by Sigur R\u00f3s.\nThe film grossed \\$5,951,409 over the opening weekend. *The Invasion* grossed \\$15,074,191 in the United States and Canada and \\$24,727,542 in other territories for a worldwide gross of \\$40,170,558 .\nOn review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, *The Invasion* holds an approval rating of 19% based on 163 reviews, with an average rating of 4.36\/10. The critical consensus reads: \\\"*The Invasion* is slickly made, but it lacks psychological insight and thrills.\\\" On review aggregator Metacritic, *The Invasion* received an average score of 45 out of 100.\nRoger Ebert of the *Chicago Sun-Times* called it \\\"the fourth, and the least, of the movies made from Jack Finney\\'s classic science fiction novel.\\\" Owen Gleiberman of *Entertainment Weekly* wrote that it was \\\"a soulless rehash\\...The movie isn\\'t terrible; it\\'s just low-rent and reductive.\\\" Joanne Kaufman of *The Wall Street Journal* added, \\\"With all the shoot-outs, the screaming, the chases, collisions and fireballs, there isn\\'t much time for storytelling.\\\"","parent_id":"1511de8bbee1a8d51309","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1511de8bbee1a8d51309:6","document_content":"# The Invasion (film)\n### Musical score\nManohla Dargis of *The New York Times* criticized the film, writing: \\\"The latest and lamest version of *Invasion of the Body Snatchers* might have been an accidental camp classic if its politics weren\\'t so abhorrent and the movie didn\\'t try to hide its ineptitude behind a veil of pomposity.\\\" Paul Arendt of the BBC wrote: \\\"Having established an effectively creepy mood in the first half, the film eventually degenerates into a muddled mess, with Nicole and Daniel Craig dodging zombies while popping amphetamines in a desperate effort to stay awake. We know how they feel.\\\" Maitland McDonagh of *TV Guide* called the film \\\"a frantic mess that opens with a scene plucked from the film\\'s third act that smacks of having been moved up to pacify audiences too restless for a slow build.\\\"","parent_id":"1511de8bbee1a8d51309","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"066edb252595bb2f9ffa:0","document_content":"# Fong Sai-yuk (film)\n***Fong Sai-yuk*** (, a.k.a. ***The Legend of Fong Sai-yuk*** or simply ***The Legend***; released in the Philippines as ***The Prodigal Fighter***) is a 1993 Hong Kong action-comedy film directed by Corey Yuen and produced by Jet Li, who stars as Chinese folk hero Fong Sai-yuk. The film won the Hong Kong Film Award and Golden Horse Award for best action choreography. The film received positive reviews, particularly praising Josephine Siao\\'s acting and the action choreography. The film had a sequel, *Fong Sai-yuk II*, released later the same year in 1993.\nThe brash and ambitious Fong Sai-yuk meets the beautiful Lui Ting-ting during a track and field competition and falls in love with her. Ting-ting is the daughter of Tiger Lui, a hot-headed hooligan. Lui stages a martial arts competition for interested men to participate and win his daughter\\'s hand in marriage. The contestant must defeat Lui\\'s wife, Siu-wan, in order to win. Fong joins the contest at his friends\\' urging and defeats Siu-wan. He catches a glimpse of his future bride, who is actually a servant to replace Ting-ting, who had gone missing during the contest. Fong decides to forfeit the match and leaves.\nFong\\'s mother, Miu Tsui-fa, enters the contest in disguise as a man to help her son regain his lost pride. She defeats Siu-wan by knocking her off the scaffold, but catches her as she falls and they land safely on the ground. After that intimate moment together, Siu-wan becomes romantically attracted to Miu without knowing that Miu is actually a woman in disguise. Lui then forces Miu to marry his daughter. To save his mother from embarrassment, Fong marries Ting-ting on behalf of his \\\"brother\\\" (his mother in disguise as a man), and is confined in his father-in-law\\'s house. He is unaware that his bride is actually his love interest and they fight in the dark. They discover each other\\'s identities eventually.","parent_id":"066edb252595bb2f9ffa","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"066edb252595bb2f9ffa:1","document_content":"# Fong Sai-yuk (film)\nMiu manages to persuade Lui to let her son return home. Just then, Fong\\'s father, Fong Tak, returns home from a trip. Fong discovers that his father is a member of the Red Flower Society, a secret society seeking to overthrow the ruling Qing dynasty. While Fong Tak is having a conversation with fellow members, they are ambushed by the Governor of Nine Gates and his soldiers. The Governor demands that Fong Tak hand over the name list of the society\\'s members, but he refuses. Just then, Fong Sai-yuk and his mother show up, and Fong fights with the Governor and holds him off until his parents have escaped.\nFong and his parents hide in their in-laws\\' house to evade the authorities, but the Governor visits Lui\\'s house and recognises them. In the ensuing fight, Fong Tak is captured while Siu-wan dies from a gunshot wound. The Governor stages a public execution of Fong Tak to lure Fong Sai-yuk into a trap. Fong lies to his mother that his father has been rescued and decides to save his father alone without letting her know. He attempts to storm the execution ground and fights with the Governor to save his father. At the critical moment, Miu appears with the Red Flower Society\\'s members and their leader, Chan Ka-lok. They defeat the Governor and his men and succeed in freeing Fong Tak. In the end, Fong Sai-yuk becomes Chan\\'s godson and joins his godfather on their quest as they ride towards the horizon.\nJet Li (pictured) portrayed Fong Sai-yuk and produced the film.\nSources:\n- Jet Li as Fong Sai-yuk\n- Josephine Siao as Miu Tsui-fa\n- Vincent Zhao as the Governor of Nine Gates\n- Michelle Reis as Lui Ting-ting\n- Paul Chu as Fong Tak\n- Sibelle Hu as Siu-wan\n- Chen Sung-young as Lui Lo-fu (Tiger Lui)\n- Adam Cheng as Chan Ka-lok","parent_id":"066edb252595bb2f9ffa","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"066edb252595bb2f9ffa:2","document_content":"# Fong Sai-yuk (film)\n*Fong Sai-yuk* was a box office hit on Hong Kong, grossing HK \\$30,666,842. In the Philippines, the film was released as *The Prodigal Fighter* by Viking Films on December 2, 1993. A sequel, *Fong Sai-yuk II*, was released in the same year.\n\n### Home media\nIn the United Kingdom, the film (released as *Jet Li\\'s The Legend*) was watched by viewers on television in 2004, making it the year\\'s tenth most-watched foreign-language film on television (below nine other Hong Kong action films). *Fong Sai-yuk II* (released as *The Legend II*) drew UK viewers the same year, adding up to a combined UK viewership for both films in 2004.\nIn Hong Kong, Corey Yuen and Yuen Tak won the Hong Kong Film Award for Best Action Choreography at the 13th Hong Kong Film Awards. Josephine Siao and Zhang Yao-zong were nominated for best actress and best editing respectively as well. At the 1993 Golden Horse Awards, Peter Cheung won the award for Best Editing, while Corey Yuen and Yuen Tak won the award for best action choreography.\nThe film received a positive review from *Time Out London* who referred to the script as \\\"cobbled together\\\", but praised actress Josephine Siao, noting \\\"a show-stopping culmination of three decades of fine work in the Hong Kong cinema\\\". The *Austin Chronicle* praised the film\\'s fight choreography as the \\\"most breathtakingly choreographed fight scenes witnessed in years\\\", and noted the liberated female characters, calling them \\\"a refreshing change of pace from years past, when women were frequently used as either cookie cutter stereotypes or the requisite damsels in distress\\\". *TV Guide* gave the film four stars, praising both Siao and Jet Li\\'s roles and Corey Yuen\\'s direction stating \\\"it\\'s astonishing to find that the director also helmed the ridiculous Stateside kung fu fest *No Retreat, No Surrender* (1986), Jean-Claude Van Damme\\'s film debut; on home ground, he proves a filmmaker of consummate skill and style\\\".","parent_id":"066edb252595bb2f9ffa","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"066edb252595bb2f9ffa:3","document_content":"# Fong Sai-yuk (film)\n### Home media\nIn 2014, *Time Out* polled several film critics, directors, actors and stunt actors to list their top action films. *Fong Sai-yuk* was listed at 84th place on this list under its title *The Legend*.\n- Jet Li filmography\n- List of Hong Kong films of 1993","parent_id":"066edb252595bb2f9ffa","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f29f232e7aa29599f4b9:0","document_content":"# Visible Secret 2\n***Visible Secret 2*** () is a 2002 Hong Kong film directed by Abe Kwong and stars Eason Chan and Cherrie Ying.\nA man with the ability to see ghosts begins to suspect that his wife may be possessed.\n- Eason Chan\n- Cherrie Ying\n- Roger Kwok\n- Jo Kuk\n- Joe Cheung\n- Law Lan\n- Sheila Chan\n- Sum Sum\n- *Visible Secret* (2001)","parent_id":"f29f232e7aa29599f4b9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"ccb3df9aaef7b7787cf3:0","document_content":"# Thru the Moebius Strip\n***Thru the Moebius Strip*** () is a Hong Kong--produced 3D-CGI feature film made in Mainland China.\nThe story is about the coming of age of a 14-year-old boy who grew up refusing to accept the loss of his father. He reaches the planet Raphicca 27.2 million light years away to find that his father is a prisoner in a kingdom of giant aliens who believe in magic and a medieval code of chivalry. In the midst of a raging battle between good and evil, Jac rescues his father, his new-found family of aliens, the planet of Raphicca, and ultimately, the universe.\nThe film was produced in Shenzhen, China by the Institute of Digital Media Technology (IDMT). The project began with 200 animators in 2000 and grew to employ more than 400 by the end of production. Unlike traditional Chinese films, the movie was dubbed into English first. Previewed at the Second International Animation and Cartoon Festival at Hangzhou, China on April 27 and May 3, 2006, The film was based on an original story and designs by Jean \\\"Moebius\\\" Giraud.\nName\nEnglish dubbing actor\n`Narrator\u00a0`\n`Andrea\u00a0Miller`\n`Young\u00a0Jac\u00a0`\n`Michelle\u00a0Ruff`\n`Simon\u00a0Weir\u00a0`\n`Mark\u00a0Hamill`\n`Caroline\u00a0Weir\u00a0`\n`Peri\u00a0Gilpin`\n`Young\u00a0Ragis\u00a0`\n`Daisy\u00a0Torme`\n`Shepway\u00a0`\n`Jean\u00a0Simmons`\n`Jac\u00a0Weir\u00a0`\n`Chris\u00a0Marquette`\n`Allana\u00a0`\n`Kellie\u00a0Martin`\n`Prince\u00a0Ragis\u00a0`\n`Jonathan\u00a0Taylor\u00a0Thomas`\n`King\u00a0Tor\u00a0`\n`Michael\u00a0Dorn`\n\n### Box office\nThe film earned at the Chinese box office.\n\n### Critical reception\nThe film premiered at the Cannes Film Festival in 2005 and received good reviews for the animation work. However film critics have emphasized that the story was mostly catered to the west with eastern elements added in, making it difficult to satisfy any group of audience in any one particular region.\n- History of Chinese animation\n- List of computer-animated films\n- List of animated feature films","parent_id":"ccb3df9aaef7b7787cf3","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c6b09d8cc34bed77447a:0","document_content":"# Samurai Reincarnation\n`is\u00a0a\u00a01981\u00a0Japanese\u00a0fantasy\u00a0film\u00a0written\u00a0and\u00a0directed\u00a0by\u00a0Kinji\u00a0Fukasaku\u00a0and\u00a0starring\u00a0Sonny\u00a0Chiba,\u00a0Kenji\u00a0Sawada,\u00a0and\u00a0Hiroyuki\u00a0Sanada.\u00a0It\u00a0is\u00a0based\u00a0on\u00a0the\u00a0novel\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0same\u00a0name\u00a0by\u00a0Futaro\u00a0Yamada.`\\\nThe film was nominated for three Awards of the Japanese Academy and won two of them. Sanada won best newcomer of the year and Tokumichi Igawa and Yoshikazu Sano took the award for best art direction. The film was nominated for best sound but did not win the award.\nFollowing the massacre of many thousands of Christians by soldiers of the Tokugawa Empire after the Shimabara Rebellion, Shiro Amakusa renounces the God who he feels abandoned them, and bargains his soul to the forces of darkness for the power to take his revenge. He gains the power to resurrect the dead, and begins with Hosokawa, the wife of a samurai who mocked her for her chastity and then left her to die during the invasion. Shiro restores her beauty in exchange for her loyalty. Next, they travel to the cave of legendary swordsman Miyamoto Musashi, who regrets that he neglected his lovely wife to find more opponents to duel, and that his advanced age prevents him from challenging the one rival he considered worthy to test his technique. He initially resists the pair, but suffers a heart attack and agrees to join them. During this exchange, his cave is visited by Yagyu Jubei, son of a samurai master and a powerful swordsman in his own right. Jubei rushes to Musashi\\'s aid only to find an empty suit of armor. The unholy trio then encounter Inshun, a Buddhist monk who is plagued with terrible fantasies of sex and death. Hosokawa taunts him with the failings of his monastic teachings, and he commits suicide in despair, becoming one of Shiro\\'s undead in the process.","parent_id":"c6b09d8cc34bed77447a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c6b09d8cc34bed77447a:1","document_content":"# Samurai Reincarnation\nAt a local Iga ninja village, young Kirimaru is excited to learn that Jubei is on his way. However, before he can arrive, their Tokugawa controlled rivals the Koga ninja ambush the village with flaming arrows, killing everyone except Kirimaru. He fights his way through the forest against a female ninja, and is mortally wounded, but the female ninja is assaulted by Inshun. The rest of the Koga attack, but are quickly dispatched by the undead warriors. A dying Kirimaru is tenderly offered resurrection by Shiro, and he accepts. Jubei returns to the village to find it in shambles, and goes looking for Kirimaru. He encounters the undead battalion, now on horseback, and they taunt him before leaving, promising to meet again.\nHosokawa poses as a beautiful maiden and seduces Tokugawa Ietsuna, allowing for her and her partners to murder many of his fellow shogunate. The terminally-ill swordsman Yagyu Tajima, father of Jubei, attempts to put a stop to them using a sword crafted by exiled sword maker Muramasa, and succeeds in killing Inshun, only to be thwarted by Shiro. Tajima initially declines their offers of joining them in their conquest, but is soon won over when his jealousy towards his son\\'s swordsmanship is unleashed.","parent_id":"c6b09d8cc34bed77447a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c6b09d8cc34bed77447a:2","document_content":"# Samurai Reincarnation\nIn a remote shrine, Shiro chants a ritual curse to wither Tokugawa\\'s crops. The curse succeeds, and a desperate mob petition the magistrate to lift their yearly tax in light of their situation, but his samurai attempt to drive the mob away. Kirimaru comes through the forest to find a young girl mourning the loss of her parents; her father was killed by one of the magistrate\\'s men during the protest. He offers her a flower for their grave, but is overcome by remorse as she sings for them. Meanwhile, Jubei approaches the secluded mountain home of the legendary sword maker Muramasa. He is shocked to learn that his father approached Muramasa to commission a sword that would not only cut human flesh, but demonic spirits as well. Jubei wishes a similar sword as well, since Muramasa was exiled by his master Masamune due to his evil nature, and only a truly evil sword can defeat an evil demon. However, Muramasa\\'s daughter Otsu claims that making the sword for Jubei\\'s father has considerably weakened the smith. Muramasa reveals that Otsu is actually the daughter of Musashi\\'s neglected wife who he has adopted as his own. Jubei tells them that he wants the sword to fight against Musashi and the rest of the demons. Just then, the ground begins to tremble as the undead Musashi approaches. Jubei bars the door, and Musashi begins to fight his way in until Otsu plays a haunting tune on her flute. Musashi recognizes the tune and staggers off confused.","parent_id":"c6b09d8cc34bed77447a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c6b09d8cc34bed77447a:3","document_content":"# Samurai Reincarnation\nMuramasa agrees to make the most evil blade ever to help Jubei defeat the demons, and they begin construction. The villagers are approached by the Shogun\\'s men, who read a proclamation that Tokugawa himself is coming for a lavish hunting party, and expects a high tribute in gold or servitude, nearly inciting a riot among the peasants. Shiro encounters a confused Kirimaru at the shrine, and encourages him to seduce the young girl he met, and to sacrifice her to their dark gods in order to shed his youthful turmoil. He attempts to force himself on the girl by a river, but finds he cannot go through with it. After she runs off, Jubei appears and confronts Kirimaru, who begs Jubei to kill him and put him out of his torment. Jubei draws his sword, however after hearing Kirimaru singing the same song the girl did, he tells Kirimaru that he is also a swordsman and thus his destiny is to fight. If he fights with all his ability and one day feels defeated by his own darkness, only then will Jubei release him. Jubei returns to Muramasa to continue work on his sword.\nDuring the Shogun\\'s hunt, a number of villagers run through the field to present him with a written complaint about the taxes. Hosokawa uses her dark magic to convince Tokugawa and the elder Yagyu that the villagers are actually large deer, and they shoot the peasants down with arrows. Later, the peasant bodies have been crucified on a hill for all the village to see, and the people begin praying loudly and clacking stones together in mourning. Muramasa completes his greatest blade ever, and after telling Jubei \\\"If you encounter God, God will be cut\\\" he collapses dead. As the villagers\\' uneasy vigil extends into the night, Shiro possesses a local woman to tell the crowd that they can lift the curse by burning Tokugawa\\'s men and spreading the ashes. He causes the bodies to glow, which finally incites the crowd to riot, tearing down the fence and charging the samurai on the hill. They cut down as many peasants as they can but are overwhelmed and killed. Shiro rides up and gives the crowd the magistrate\\'s head on a pole, and incite them to ride to Edo and overthrow the Shogun.","parent_id":"c6b09d8cc34bed77447a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c6b09d8cc34bed77447a:4","document_content":"# Samurai Reincarnation\nAs the peasants march, Kirimaru attempts to escape with his girl, but is blocked by Shiro, who reveals Kirimaru\\'s demonic nature. He tries to battle Shiro using his ninja training, but Shiro overcomes him with a magical whip that transforms into a flock of birds that strangle him. Jubei prepares to place Muramasa\\'s body on a funeral pyre, when the girl brings him Kirimaru\\'s body as well. Before they can act, Musashi approaches and challenges Jubei to meet him on an island at sunrise for a duel. He accepts, much to Otsu\\'s chagrin, and declares it to be \\\"the way of the sword\\\". The following morning, he heads to the beach to battle Musashi, who claims not to be swayed a second time by Otsu\\'s flute. The two masters engage each other on the surf as Otsu plays a frenetic tune, until Jubei finally splits Musashi\\'s scabbard and face in half before impaling him through the heart. Musashi\\'s lifeless body drifts out in the tide.\nAs the peasants\\' furious uprising is advancing on the capital, the Shogun\\'s advisors speculate on the future of the Empire. The dying Yagyu Tajima-no-kami Munenori is approached by Shiro about his son Jubei\\'s impending arrival and yields to Shiro\\'s dark influence. Revived from death by Shiro, Tajima begins killing the members of the castle. Meanwhile, Hosokawa Gracia has called out the name of her husband, lord Hosokawa Tadaoki, in her sleep, prompting a fit of jealously from the Shogun, her new lover. In the struggle, a lamp is knocked over and sets the room on fire. She freaks out, drawing a weapon and running through the castle declaring that she will not be abandoned again and confusing her lover with her husband. She begins attacking retainers, encountering Tajima who also attacks. With the building ablaze, and Hosokawa and Tajima on a killing rampage, the whole castle is thrown into chaos. Tajima kills many men and dares his son to come fight him before the flames die down.","parent_id":"c6b09d8cc34bed77447a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c6b09d8cc34bed77447a:5","document_content":"# Samurai Reincarnation\nUpstairs, Hosokawa has the Shogun hostage in the fire, and Shiro reveals himself as the leader of the \\\"Christian Believers\\\". He condemns the Shogun to burn in agony as the Christians did. An insane Hosokawa promises to never leave his side, clutching him as they both fall into the fire. As the castle collapses, Tajima is confronted by Jubei, who has covered his body with Buddhist prayer symbols and chastises his father for obsessing only on his swordplay to the point of coming back from hell to fight his own son. The two begin to duel, during which Jubei loses his eyepatch; although his sword is broken, he disarms his father and kills him.\nShiro appears and offers to let Jubei join him; Jubei declines and vows to set his father and Kirimaru\\'s souls at peace. After a brief fight, Jubei decapitates Shiro; although this does not kill him, his body catches his head and promises to return as long as humans have evil in their heart before melting into the flames.","parent_id":"c6b09d8cc34bed77447a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c6b09d8cc34bed77447a:6","document_content":"# Samurai Reincarnation\n- Sonny Chiba as Yagy\u016b J\u016bbei Mitsuyoshi\n- Kenji Sawada as Amakusa Shir\u014d Tokisada\n- Tomisaburo Wakayama as Yagy\u016b Tajimanokami Munenori\n- Ken Ogata as Miyamoto Musashi\n- Akiko Kana as Hosokawa Gracia \/ Akechi Tama\n- Hideo Murota as Priest Hozoin Inshun\n- Hiroyuki Sanada as Iga no Kirimaru\n- Tetsuro Tamba as Muramasa\n- Mikio Narita as Matsudaira Izunokami Nobutsuna\n- Noboru Matsuhashi as Tokugawa Ietsuna\n- Jun \u014cba as Yagy\u016b Samon Tomonori\n- Etsuo Shima as Yagy\u016b Mataj\u016br\u014d Munefuyu\n- Masataka Naruse as Koga Genj\u016br\u014d\n- Asao Uchida as Sakai Utanokami Tadayo\n- Haruki Kadokawa as Itakura Naizennokami Shigemasa\n- G\u014dz\u014d S\u014dma as Abe Bungonokami Tadaaki\n- Sen Okamichi as Hotta Bichunokami Masamori\n- Masataka Kobayashi as Toda Ujikane\n- Saburo Hayashi as Mizuno Katsushige\n- Hideo Nakae as Hosokawa Tadatoshi\n- Hideo Shimada as Tachibana Muneshige\n- Shintar\u014d Mibu as Nabeshima Katsushige\n- Mizuho Suzuki as Ogasawara H\u014dmy\u014d Hidekiyo\n- Shiger\u014d Shiroi as Sasaki Kojir\u014d\n- Naoko Kubo as Yajima no Tsubone\n- Kinji Nakamura as Ishida Kazusanokami\n- Kenji Kawai as Kamio Bizennokami\n- Yasuhiro Suzuki as Tomita Shuzen\n- Masaharu Arikawa as Izaki Heinai\n- Masataka Iwao as Yasui T\u014dbei\n- Jun Hamamura as Shigesaemon\n- Katsutoshi Akiyama as Yohei\n- Takashi Noguchi as Hikosaku\n- Kayoko Shiraishi as Hosokawa Gracia (voice)\n- Seiz\u014d Fukumoto as Koga Ninja\n- Hiroshi Inuzuka as S\u014dgor\u014d\n<!-- -->","parent_id":"c6b09d8cc34bed77447a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c6b09d8cc34bed77447a:7","document_content":"# Samurai Reincarnation\n- \\\"If you should encounter God, God will be cut.\\\"\n- A nod from this line and moment (An old swordsmith giving her legendary sword for a legendary mission) is found in Tarantino\\'s *Kill Bill*, with Chiba now taking the role of the swordsmith.\n- When Lord Izu is killed, his corpse is hanged and a cross is paint on his forehead. This could have been referenced in *Inglourious Basterds*, just that with a cut in form of a swastika on nazis left alive by the \\'Basterds\\'.\n- The showdown between Yagyu Jubei and Miyamoto Musashi occurs in a location used a year before in the Fukasaku film *Virus*.\n- Original American Release on home video deleted much of the middle of the movie, reducing the running time from 122 minutes to 88 minutes and eliminating many important plot points such as the introduction of Jubei\\'s Father.","parent_id":"c6b09d8cc34bed77447a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"175620789ec923d7009f:0","document_content":"# Stargate: The Ark of Truth\n***Stargate: The Ark of Truth*** is a 2008, military science fiction, direct-to-video film in the *Stargate* franchise, acting as a sequel to the television series *Stargate SG-1*. It is written and directed by Robert C. Cooper, produced by Cooper, John G. Lenic, and the series\\' creator Brad Wright, and stars its regular cast. The film is the conclusion of the Ori arc, and picks up after the *SG-1* series finale, but happens before the Stargate Atlantis third season finale.\n*The Ark of Truth* was released as a Region 1 DVD by MGM\\'s home media distributor 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment on March 11, 2008. Sky One has broadcast the film on March 24, 2008, to be followed by the Region 2 DVD release on April 28, 2008 with the Region 4 DVD release on April 9, 2008. SPACE has broadcast the film on September 13, 2008. The SciFi Channel premiered the movie on March 27, 2009.\nIt is the first of two *Stargate SG-1* direct-to-DVD films, the second one being *Stargate: Continuum*.\nWhile digging on Dakara, SG-1 discovers a box that they believe contains the Ark of Truth, but before they can open it, Ori soldiers arrive, led by Tomin. Daniel tricks them into opening the box, but it is revealed to be a fake. When Tomin is ordered by a Prior to kill them, he refuses, and Mitchell kills the Prior, whose powers were being blocked by the Anti-Prior device. Shocked at the death of their Prior, the Ori soldiers surrender with Tomin returning to Earth with SG-1 where he resides at the SGC for a time.","parent_id":"175620789ec923d7009f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"175620789ec923d7009f:1","document_content":"# Stargate: The Ark of Truth\nBack on Earth, General Landry and Mitchell meet James Marrick, an IOA representative sent to interrogate Tomin, because the original IOA representative, Richard Woolsey, is now working for the Atlantis Expedition. When Daniel Jackson realizes that the Ark is still in the Ori galaxy, Marrick is assigned to accompany them on board the *Odyssey* through the Supergate. In the Ori galaxy, a member of the anti-Ori resistance tells the team that according to legend, the Ark is on Celestis, the Ori capital. When SG-1 beams down to the planet, Marrick activates the Asgard computer core which alerts the Ori to the ship\\'s location.\nUpon being alerted by Major Kevin Marks of what is going on, Mitchell and Carter beam back to the *Odyssey* and discover that Marrick has used the core to build a Replicator, intending to plant it on an Ori ship and let it spread to their entire fleet. When Mitchell attempts to destroy it with an anti-Replicator Gun, the replicator escapes, and Marrick reveals that the IOA removed that weakness from the design, although conventional weapons are sufficient to destroy individual replicators. Marrick implies that a shutdown code has been included as a failsafe, but claims he does not know what it is. He is placed in the ship\\'s brig and falls victim to the Replicators, when they make their way into the brig, resulting in Marrick becoming a Human\/Replicator hybrid. With several Ori ships approaching, Mitchell attempts to beam Daniel, Teal\\'c, Vala, and Tomin up from the planet, but the replicator takes over the system and keeps Mitchell from doing so. With no other option, the *Odyssey* jumps to hyperspace to escape, leaving the others on the planet.","parent_id":"175620789ec923d7009f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"175620789ec923d7009f:2","document_content":"# Stargate: The Ark of Truth\nDaniel finds the Ark in a set of catacombs, and after several ground tremors, brings it to the surface. When the team emerges, they are ambushed by Ori warriors, and Teal\\'c is shot in the back while the others are captured. When they are brought to the city, Vala discovers that the Ori were indeed killed by the Sangraal during the events of *The Shroud.* Adria has ascended and taken over all of their power. Teal\\'c, who has been walking toward the city of Celestis since he was shot, collapses due to his wound within sight of the city. He is subsequently revived by Morgan le Fay and continues on to free Daniel. Morgan then arrives in Daniel\\'s cell (initially in the guise of Merlin) and tells him if he can expose one Prior to the Ark, the others will be turned by a link in their staffs. This will weaken Adria enough for Morgan to stalemate her.\nIn the meantime, a Prior arrives on Earth, offering a last chance to convert to Origin. When General Landry refuses to even listen to him, the *Apollo* detects a fleet of Ori motherships waiting on the edge of the Solar System. On the *Odyssey*, Marrick is attacked by Replicators who infest his body. In the ensuing battle, Mitchell is able to briefly disable the Replicator connection to Marrick\\'s brain, who then informs Mitchell the shut down code for the Replicators is on the other side of the crystal used to create them. Mitchell activates an explosive charge which kills Marrick. Mitchell informs Carter, who activates the shut-down command, deactivating the Replicators.\nWhen the Ark is activated and opened, the Doci is caught by the beam and made to see that the Ori are not gods and spreads this belief to all of the Priors in the Ori galaxy and through them their followers. With Adria now in a weakened state, Morgan is able to engage her in an eternal battle. SG-1 exposes the Prior on Earth to the Ark, transmitting the knowledge about the Ori to all of the Priors in the Milky Way, and thus turning all known Priors in the Universe.","parent_id":"175620789ec923d7009f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"175620789ec923d7009f:3","document_content":"# Stargate: The Ark of Truth\nIn the aftermath, Tomin departs for the Ori galaxy as the new leader of his people, he and Vala agreeing that, while the Ori were liars, Origin itself has a worthwhile message. Tomin asks Vala to come with him, but Vala apologizes and says that she feels her place is with the SGC. Over Daniel\\'s objections the Ark is taken to Area 51 for study while SG-1 later prepare for another new mission through the Stargate.\n- Ben Browder as Lieutenant Colonel Cameron Mitchell\n- Amanda Tapping as Lieutenant Colonel Doctor Samantha Carter\n- Christopher Judge as Teal\\'c\n- Michael Shanks as Dr.\u00a0Daniel Jackson\n- Beau Bridges as Major General Henry \"Hank\" Landry\n- Claudia Black as Vala Mal Doran\n- Currie Graham as James Marrick\n- Morena Baccarin as Adria\n- Tim Guinee as Tomin\n- Julian Sands as Doci\n- Sarah Strange as Morgan le Fay\n- Michael Beach as Colonel Abe Ellis\n- Gary Jones as Chief Master Sergeant Walter Harriman\n- Martin Christopher as Major Kevin Marks\n- Chris Gauthier as Hertis\n- Eric Breker as Colonel Reynolds\n- Matthew Walker as Merlin\n- Fabrice Grover as Amelius\n- Spencer Maybee as Captain Binder\nThis movie is the conclusion of *Stargate SG-1* Ori arc, which began in the season nine episode \\\"Avalon\\\". *Stargate: The Ark of Truth* is the story that Cooper originally planned as a five- or six-episode arc to begin at the end of Season Ten and beginning of Season Eleven, but the series was canceled by the Sci-Fi Channel in August 2006. The intended ending for the Tenth Season was to introduce the concept of the Ark of Truth, an artifact for which SG-1 is searching. As the story progresses, SG-1 would learn that this device is in the Ori galaxy and could be helpful in diverting the Ori warriors from their crusade. The *Odyssey* would have brought them through the Supergate to the Ori galaxy. However, the Sci Fi Channel wanted the series to be concluded, and the producers neither had the time nor the will to do that and went with the idea of what would become \\\"Unending\\\", the *SG-1* series finale. The movie\\'s storyline picks up after \\\"Unending\\\", but takes place before the fourth season of *Stargate Atlantis*.","parent_id":"175620789ec923d7009f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"175620789ec923d7009f:4","document_content":"# Stargate: The Ark of Truth\nAccording to Robert C. Cooper, the film had higher production values than episodes of the television series. The production budget was \\$7 million. The film was shot in a 16:9 aspect ratio on 35mm film. Joel Goldsmith produced an orchestral score for the film, rather than a synthetic score as he did for episodes of the series.\nIn addition to wrapping up the Ori storyline, this film was also intended as a transition into an ongoing series of films centered around the *SG-1* characters. Certain scenes were shot concurrently with that of the second film, *Stargate: Continuum*. According to the DVD commentary, a tease leading into that film was planned to be included at the end of *Stargate: The Ark of Truth*, but was ultimately dropped as it was felt that this film had \\\"too many endings.\\\"\nThe movie went into production in April 2007.\nA pre-release (workprint) version of the film with unfinished special effects, no credits and recorded in cropped 16:9 was leaked onto the Internet in mid-December 2007.\n\n### Home media\n*The Ark of Truth* was released as a Region 1 DVD release on March 11, 2008. Sky One broadcast the film on March 24, 2008, to be followed by the Region 2 DVD release on April 14, 2008. The DVD was released in Australia on April 9, 2008. The DVD includes an audio commentary with Robert C. Cooper, Peter Woeste and Christopher Judge, a 30-minute behind-the-scenes program, highlights from the 2007 Comic-Con Stargate panel and a nine-minute summary of the Ori storyline from seasons nine and 10.\nThe DVD release of *Stargate:The Ark of Truth* in the U.S. earned MGM\/Fox US \\$1.59 million in rentals in the first week after the release, and another US \\$1.38 million in rentals in the second week. In its third week it earned US \\$1.19 million in rentals totaling US \\$4.16 million. The DVD has also earned US \\$9.0 million in sales.","parent_id":"175620789ec923d7009f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d5429a61877236b48991:0","document_content":"# Sahasa Veerudu Sagara Kanya\n***Sahasa Veerudu Sagara Kanya*** () is a 1996 Indian Telugu language film produced by Buragapalli Sivarama Krishna under the Sri Venkateswara Art Films banner, directed by K. Raghavendra Rao. It stars Venkatesh, Shilpa Shetty and Malashree, with music composed by M. M. Keeravani.\n`The\u00a0film\u00a0was\u00a0dubbed\u00a0in\u00a0Tamil\u00a0as\u00a0`*`Kanavu Kanni`*`.`\nThe film is about Ravi Chandra, the film\\'s hero and Sagara Kanya, a mermaid. Malashree plays Ganga, Ravi\\'s cousin who loves him. They stay with some comedians in a house near the seashore. Kaikala Satyanarayana, the villain of the film, tries to acquire a ship which sank with much treasure on board.\nHe associates himself with a witch who helps him in finding the treasure. After a few attempts, the witch finds out that the treasure can be recovered with the help of a mermaid. Accidentally one day Sagara comes on to land from the water and loses her mermaid body. She transforms into a beautiful woman. Whenever water is spilled over her, however, she turns back into a mermaid.\nOn land, she becomes involved with the hero, Venkatesh. She is named as Bangaram. Bangaram starts loving Ravi. The witch learns about Sagara and informs Kaikala that only a mermaid can find the treasure.\nThe film continues with Bangaram being harassed and with Ravi\\'s adventures. In the end, Ravi wins over the evil elements. Bangaram returns to the sea uniting Ravi and his cousin.\n- Venkatesh as Ravi Chandra\n- Shilpa Shetty as Bangaram, mermaid\n- Malashree as Ganga\n- Kaikala Satyanarayana as Bangaru Raju\n- Kota Srinivasa Rao as Mutyalu\n- Srihari as Ratnalu\n- Brahmanandam\n- Babu Mohan as Nallodu\n- Sudhakar as Lingaraju\n- Ali\n- Dharmavarapu Subramanyam as Police Inspector\n- Rallapalli\n- Ananth\n- Gundu Hanumantha Rao as Gundu\n- Suthivelu\n- Garimalla Visweswara Rao as Pottivadu\n- Mada\n- Jagga Rao\n- Vijayalalitha as Malakpeta Manchala\n**Telugu version**","parent_id":"d5429a61877236b48991","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d5429a61877236b48991:1","document_content":"# Sahasa Veerudu Sagara Kanya\nMusic composed by M. M. Keeravani. Music released on MELODY MAKERS Audio Company.\n**Tamil version (Kanavu Kanni)**\nAll the lyrics are written by Vairamuthu.","parent_id":"d5429a61877236b48991","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e5fed0fa0544bc8ae339:0","document_content":"# Picture Bride (film)\n***Picture Bride*** is a 1995 American Japanese-language feature-length independent film directed by Kayo Hatta from a screenplay co-written with Mari Hatta, and co-produced by Diane Mei Lin Mark and Lisa Onodera. It follows Riyo, who arrives in Hawaii as a \\\"picture bride\\\" at the turn of the century for a man she has never met before. The story is based on the historical practice, due to U.S. anti-miscegenation laws, of Japanese immigrant laborers in the United States using long-distance matchmakers in their homelands to find wives.\nReleased by Miramax Films, the film stars Youki Kudoh, Akira Takayama, Tamlyn Tomita, and Cary-Hiroyuki Tagawa, with a special appearance by Toshiro Mifune in his penultimate film role. *Picture Bride* premiered at the 1995 Sundance Film Festival, where it won the Audience Award for narrative feature film. Considered a landmark Asian American work, the film was an Official Selection at the 1994 Cannes Film Festival in the Un Certain Regard section and received an Independent Spirit Award nomination for Best First Feature.\nIn 1918, Riyo (Youki Kudoh) is a young Japanese woman who becomes a picture bride for a man who works as a field hand on a sugarcane plantation in Hawaii. It is Riyo\\'s aunt who facilitates the match as Riyo\\'s father has long been deceased. Riyo is shown a picture of the handsome Matsuji (Akira Takayama), her husband-to-be in Hawaii. When Riyo arrives in Honolulu, she discovers that Matsuji is actually twenty years older than her, and had sent a photo that was taken of him when he was a young man. Riyo is disappointed but goes through with the wedding in a mass ceremony with other \\\"picture couples\\\".\nShe joins Matsuji on a wagon that takes her to her new home, a ramshackle house in the sugarcane plantation. As she walks past the darkened fields to their home, Riyo hears a faint sound on the wind of a woman singing. When she asks about it, Matsuji half-jokes that the ghosts of the canefields have come to welcome her. That night, they sleep on the same mat, but Riyo fights off his attempts at intimacy and hides beneath a blanket.","parent_id":"e5fed0fa0544bc8ae339","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e5fed0fa0544bc8ae339:1","document_content":"# Picture Bride (film)\nThe next day, Riyo is given an ID tag to wear around her neck and goes to work in the sugarcane fields. She is unfamiliar with farm work and slows the other workers down, leading her to be harassed and ridiculed by Antone (James Grant Benton) the *luna* (field supervisor). Yayoi (Kati Kuroda), who leads the women workers, prompts Kana (Tamlyn Tomita), another picture bride who arrived several years before, to help Riyo learn. Over time, Riyo and Kana become friends. Riyo learns that Kana\\'s husband, Kanzaki (Cary-Hiroyuki Tagawa), frequently beats her and goes out gambling. To escape the abuse, Kana goes out to the fields at night with her baby, where she sings and sleeps.\nRiyo agrees to help Kana with her side business of doing laundry for the workers. She saves her earnings from her laundry work and farm work in a tin can, determined to earn her passage back to Japan. Matsuji begins drinking and gambling, telling Riyo he intends to win enough money to get another bride. Kana advises Matsuji to become romantic and to take Rudolf Valentino as a role model to win Riyo\\'s heart.\nMeanwhile, Yayoi departs with her family for Honolulu, asking Kana to take care of the other women caneworkers. Antone the luna becomes more exacting on the workers to meet the harvest in time. One day, he has the workers set fire to the cane fields to burn off the leaves for harvesting, but in a hurry to get the job done, he does not let the women locate their children first. To Kana\\'s horror, she cannot find her baby daughter Kei, who has wandered into the fields. She rushes into the burning field to find her daughter, but neither mother nor daughter returns.","parent_id":"e5fed0fa0544bc8ae339","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e5fed0fa0544bc8ae339:2","document_content":"# Picture Bride (film)\nAfter this tragedy, the workers talk about waging a strike. Matsuji asks Riyo to contribute some of her earnings to help with the strike, but she refuses, still nursing the hope she can use the money to return to Japan. One night, Riyo continues to hear the sound of a woman singing in the fields and leaves the house to follow the sound. Matsuji pursues her and accuses her of having a secret lover. As they sit under a tree, Riyo discloses that when she was a child, both of her parents died of tuberculosis, which at that time carried tremendous social stigma. Although Riyo was healthy, her matchmaker aunt lied to Matsuji about his bride-to-be\\'s status. That night, when Riyo tentatively reaches out to him as they lie in bed, he brusquely turns away.\nFeeling betrayed, the next day Riyo gathers her savings and a few belongings and runs away, eventually finding herself at the ocean. After falling asleep on the shore, she is awakened by the sound of singing and glimpses a woman walking among the shoreline rocks. She runs after the vision and encounters Kana, who says she is leaving for Japan. When Riyo asks to accompany her, Kana gently says, \\\"Who waiting for you there?\\\" As Yayoi had done when she left the plantation, Kana hands her neck tag to Riyo and tells her to \\\"take care of the girls.\\\" Kana turns to walk toward the sea and fades out of sight.\nRiyo awakens with Kana\\'s neck tag in her hand. She returns to the plantation and to her house, where she finds Matsuji drunk. She puts him to bed, and he looks at her, saying, \\\"I thought I was all alone again.\\\" Later that night, she hesitantly reaches out to touch his hand, and he reaches back; they embrace and consummate their relationship.\nThe next day, Riyo surprises the other workers when she begins singing in the fields, as Kana and Yayoi had done. Though Antone tries to make fun of Riyo, she continues to sing with the realization that she has picked up the mantle of leadership. Matsuji makes a gift of a Buddhist altar to Riyo to honor her parents, and she is touched at his acceptance of her past.","parent_id":"e5fed0fa0544bc8ae339","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e5fed0fa0544bc8ae339:3","document_content":"# Picture Bride (film)\nThe film ends as Riyo, Matsuji, and the other workers dance in a circle at a lively Obon Festival. In a closing voiceover by Nobu McCarthy, an older Riyo describes how she imagines at times that she hears a woman\\'s voice singing and realizes it is the voice of her own daughter singing to her children.\n*Picture Bride* was met with critical acclaim. On review aggregate website Rotten Tomatoes, it has a score of 82% with a certified \\\"Fresh\\\" rating based on 11 reviews.\nRoger Ebert awarded the film with 3 out of 4 stars and wrote, \\\"*Picture Bride* is one of several recent films about how we gathered from all over the globe to call ourselves Americans. **My Family** is another, about Mexican-Americans. Of course, those early generations suffered much, but somehow the films are suffused with a certain serenity, because after all, the stories had a happy ending: They produced the children and grandchildren who are telling the tales.\\\"\nLisa Schwarzbaum of *Entertainment Weekly* gave a B+, saying the film is \\\"a lyrical, elegantly composed drama.\\\" Peter Stack of the *San Francisco Chronicle* said *Picture Bride* is an \\\"exceptionally lovely first feature film by Kayo Hatta\\\" that \\\"captures with disturbing simplicity the lonely terror affecting one such bride.\\\"\nAlison Macor of the *Austin Chronicle* said \\\"*Picture Bride* deservedly won this year\\'s Audience Award at the Sundance Film Festival\\\", as \\\"director Hatta\\'s first feature skillfully blends humor with the day-to-day drama of living in a land that is not one\\'s own\\\". Macor ended her review by saying, \\\"although this is a small film in that it profiles an individual\\'s drama rather than the human condition, *Picture Bride* does so with tremendous warmth and respect for its characters.\\\"\nIn 2004, Miramax released a DVD which includes \\\"The *Picture Bride* Journey,\\\" a documentary on the making of the film featuring the director, cast members, archival historical footage, and behind-the-scenes clips from the movie set.\nAs part of Asian American and Pacific Islander Heritage Month, the Criterion Channel included *Picture Bride* as part of its May 2022 streaming lineup.","parent_id":"e5fed0fa0544bc8ae339","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"3893efa109993f7394f7:0","document_content":"# Den ofrivillige golfaren\n***Den ofrivillige golfaren***, also known in English as ***The Accidental Golfer*** and ***The Involuntary Golfer***, is a Swedish comedy film and the fourth installment of the popular *S\u00e4llskapsresan* series directed by Lasse \u00c5berg. It was released to cinemas in Sweden on 25 December 1991. \u00c5berg won the award for Best Actor in a leading role at the 27th Guldbagge Awards. The film was inspired by the golf stories of author P. G. Wodehouse.\n\n## Plot\nThe business cycle in Sweden is booming. Hapless Stig-Helmer Olsson (Lasse \u00c5berg) is laid off from a toaster factory and gets an offer to play a one-on-one golf competition against a wealthy man for money, something he has never done before. He travels to Scotland to learn to play golf, taking lessons by the skilled golf veteran Roderic McDougall (Jimmy Logan).\n- Lasse \u00c5berg as Stig-Helmer Olsson\n- Jon Skolmen as Ole Bramserud\n- Jimmy Logan as Roderic McDougall\n- Margo Gunn as Fiona McDougall\n- Barbro Hiort af Orn\u00e4s as Stig-Helmer\\'s mother\n- Claes M\u00e5nsson as Scientist\n- Mats Bergman as Bruno Anderhage\n- Annalisa Ericson as Alice\n- John Fiske as TV-host\n- Sydney Coulson as Malcolm\n- Lovisa Bogg-Lindkvist as Anderhage\\'s daughter\n- Simon Bogg-Lindkvist as Anderhage\\'s son","parent_id":"3893efa109993f7394f7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"927d884ccbc062f9200c:0","document_content":"# Journey to the Center of the Earth (2008 theatrical film)\n***Journey to the Center of the Earth*** (also promoted as ***Journey to the Center of the Earth 3-D**\\'\\' or***Journey 3D**\\'\\') is a 2008 American 3D science fantasy action-adventure film directed by Eric Brevig and starring Brendan Fraser in the main role, Josh Hutcherson, Anita Briem and Seth Meyers. Produced by New Line Cinema, it is an adaptation of Jules Verne\\'s 1864 novel (which had previously been adapted multiple times, most notably in the 1959 film of the same name), and was released in 3D theaters by Warner Bros.\u00a0Pictures on July 11, 2008.\nThe film also introduced the 4DX movie format, featuring \\\"4D\\\" motion effects in a specially designed cinema in Seoul, South Korea, using tilting seats to convey motion, wind, sprays of water and sharp air, probe lights to mimic lightning, fog, scents, and other theatrical special effects.\nThe film received mixed reviews from critics and earned \\$244.2 million against a \\$60 million budget.\nIn 2007, Trevor Anderson (Brendan Fraser) is a Bostonian volcanologist whose 13-year-old nephew, Sean (Josh Hutcherson), is supposed to spend ten days with him. Trevor learns at work that his brother\\'s lab is being shut down because of a lack of funding. Trevor has forgotten that Sean is coming until he receives several messages from Sean\\'s mother. When Sean\\'s mother drops him off, she leaves Trevor with a box of items that belonged to Max, Trevor\\'s brother and Sean\\'s father, who disappeared 10 years before, in July 1997. Sean suddenly takes interest in what Trevor has to say after he tells him about his father, whom he never really had a chance to know. In the box, Trevor discovers the novel *Journey to the Center of the Earth* by Jules Verne. Inside the book Trevor finds notes written by his late brother. Trevor goes to his laboratory to find out more about the notes. There he realizes that he must go to Iceland to investigate for himself.","parent_id":"927d884ccbc062f9200c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"927d884ccbc062f9200c:1","document_content":"# Journey to the Center of the Earth (2008 theatrical film)\nHe intends to send Sean back to his mother, but relents at Sean\\'s protest and brings Sean to Iceland with him. They start by looking for another volcanologist. When they get to that scientist\\'s institution, they meet his daughter Hannah (Anita Briem), who informs them he is dead. She also tells them that both her father and Max believed that Jules Verne\\'s books were factual accounts. However she offers to help them climb up to the instrument that has suddenly started sending data again. While hiking the mountain a lightning storm forces the three into a cave. The cave entrance collapses, trapping them, so they have no alternative but to go deeper in the cave, which turns out to be an abandoned mine.\nTrevor, Sean, and Hannah investigate farther into the mine until they fall into a deep hole, taking them to the \\\"Center of the Earth\\\". They all continue until they discover a cave-dwelling that Max lived in. Trevor and Sean find Max\\'s old journal. Hannah and Trevor discover Max\\'s dead body and bury him. Trevor reads a message from Max\\'s journal that was written on Sean\\'s 3rd birthday (8-14-97). Trevor continues to read Max\\'s journal until he realizes from his notes that they must quickly leave, as the temperature is steadily rising.\nTrevor figures that they must find a geyser that can send them to the surface. They must do this in 48 hours or all of the water to create the geyser will be gone. They also figure that they must get out before the temperature rises past 135 degrees. They begin by crossing the underground ocean, and then the two adults become separated from Sean. Sean\\'s guide is now a little bird who has been present since the trio entered the center, and it takes him towards the river. However, he encounters a Giganotosaurus, and Trevor - who desperately is searching for him - saves him. When they arrive at the geyser it is all dried up. All of the water is on the other side of a wall.","parent_id":"927d884ccbc062f9200c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"927d884ccbc062f9200c:2","document_content":"# Journey to the Center of the Earth (2008 theatrical film)\nTrevor uses a flare to ignite the magnesium in the wall and causes a geyser to shoot them through Mount Vesuvius in Italy. When they destroy the home of an Italian man, Sean gives him a diamond that he had found earlier. Trevor sees that he has many more in his backpack, and he uses them to fund his brother\\'s laboratory. Throughout the adventure, Hannah and Trevor gradually become so attached to each other that they kiss. On the final day of Sean\\'s visit with Trevor (and now Hannah), he is leaving their new home, which was purchased with some of the diamonds Sean took from the cave, and Trevor hands Sean a book titled \\\"Atlantis\\\", suggesting they could maybe hang out at Sean\\'s during Christmas break.\n- Brendan Fraser as Professor Trevor \\\"Trev\\\" Anderson, a volcanologist, Sean\\'s uncle and Max\\'s brother\n- Josh Hutcherson as Sean Anderson, Trevor\\'s nephew and Liz & Max\\'s son\n- Anita Briem as Hannah Asgeirsson\n- Seth Meyers as Professor Alan Kitzens\n- Jean-Michel Pare as Maxwell \\'Max\\' Anderson, Sean\\'s father, Trevor\\'s brother and Liz\\'s husband\n- Jane Wheeler as Elizabeth \\'Liz\\' Anderson, Sean\\'s mother and Max\\'s wife.\n- Frank Fontaine as Old Man\n- Giancarlo Caltabiano as Leonard\n- Kaniehtiio Horn as Gum-Chewing Girl\n- Garth Gilker as Sigurbjorn Asgeirsson","parent_id":"927d884ccbc062f9200c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"927d884ccbc062f9200c:3","document_content":"# Journey to the Center of the Earth (2008 theatrical film)\n### Development and filming\nIn September 2001, Walden Media announced that Eric Brevig was hired and set to direct *Journey to the Center of the Earth* based on the book of the same name by Jules Verne. Michael D. Weiss, Mark Levin and Jennifer Flackett wrote the script for the film. Beau Flynn and Charlotte Huggins produced the film with the budget of \\$60 million for release in 2008. In 2003, Brendan Fraser, Anita Briem, Josh Hutcherson, Seth Meyers, Jean-Michel Par\u00e9, Jane Wheeler, Giancarlo Caltabiano and Garth Gilker joined the film. Andrew Lockington composed the music for the film. The development and filming of the film was completed in Canada and Iceland in March 2006, followed by principal photography and production which began on April 20. In January 2007, New Line Cinema acquired distribution rights to the film. The film transposes the novel into the present day and is mostly live action, with only the landscape and creatures supplied by computer-generated graphics. The film is projected using Real D Cinema and Dolby 3D.\nJosh Hutcherson\\'s character, Sean, is named after the professor and conservation biologist Dr.\u00a0Sean Anderson.\n\n### Marketing\nThe first trailer was shown before screenings of *Meet the Robinsons*, the re-release of *The Nightmare Before Christmas* and the release of *Beowulf*, with the *Hannah Montana & Miley Cyrus: Best of Both Worlds Concert*, and during the 2008 Kids\\' Choice Awards. Warner Bros.\u00a0marketed the film like a theme park attraction. However, the studio had to slightly tweak the campaign (including dropping \\\"3D\\\" from the title) when it became clear that the film would be shown in 3-D in far fewer theaters than anticipated.\n\n### Theme parks\nIn May 2009, the film premiered as \\\"Journey to the Center of the Earth 4-D\\\" at Stone Mountain Park in Georgia. It also opened in the motion simulator at Dollywood under the same name on June 12 the same year. It also featured the new 4D Cinema at the Weston Super-Mare Grand Pier in the U.K and was shown in Movieworld on the Gold Coast.","parent_id":"927d884ccbc062f9200c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"927d884ccbc062f9200c:4","document_content":"# Journey to the Center of the Earth (2008 theatrical film)\n### Home media\n*Journey to the Center of the Earth* was released on DVD and Blu-ray on October 28, 2008, in standard 2D format as well as a magenta \/ green anaglyph. It opened at #2 at the DVD sales chart, selling 843,224 units in the 1st week which translates to \\$13,238,617 in revenue. As per the latest figures, 1,642,994 DVD units have been sold, bringing in \\$25,346,260 in revenue. This doesn\\'t include Blu-ray Disc sales \/ DVD rentals. The 2008 2-disc BD edition of the movie doesn\\'t conform to the -- only later established -- 3D Blu-ray specifications, which means that this version doesn\\'t take advantage of any dedicated 3D HDTVs, although it can be watched on 3D HDTVs, as well as on any other TV in anaglyph 3D, by using red-cyan paper glasses (four pairs are included). A 3D Blu-ray version was released on January 17, 2012.\n\n### Critical response\nOn Rotten Tomatoes, it has an approval rating of 61% based on 158 reviews with an average rating of 6\/10. The website\\'s critical consensus reads: \\\"Modern visuals and an old fashioned storyline make this family adventure\/comedy a fast-paced, kitschy ride\\\". Metacritic gave the film a 57 out of 100, based on 35 reviews, indicating \\\"mixed or average reviews.\\\" Audiences surveyed by CinemaScore gave the film a grade \\\"A-\\\" on scale of A to F.","parent_id":"927d884ccbc062f9200c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"927d884ccbc062f9200c:5","document_content":"# Journey to the Center of the Earth (2008 theatrical film)\n### Critical response\nRoger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film 2 stars out of 4, and wrote: \\\"This is a fairly bad movie, and yet at the same time maybe about as good as it could be. There may not be an 8-year-old alive who would not love it.\\\" Peter Travers of Rolling Stone gave it 2.5 out of 4, but warned \\\"Remove a star from the rating if you take this Journey without wearing 3-D glasses. That's where the real fun comes in.\\\" Owen Glieberman of Entertainment Weekly gave it a B- and said \\\"Journey is just the new version of a 1950s comin\\'-at-ya roller coaster, with a tape measure, trilobite antennae, and giant snapping piranha thrust at the audience.\\\"\n\n### Box office\n*Journey to the Center of the Earth* grossed \\$101.7 million in the US and \\$142.5 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of \\$242 million.\nThe film opened at #3 in North America, behind *Hellboy II: The Golden Army* and *Hancock*. The film grossed \\$21,018,141 in 2,811 theaters in its first week of release with an average of \\$7,477. 57 percent of the opening gross was taken from theaters which showed the film in 3-D. In second weekend it dropped to \\$12,340,435 and in third to \\$9,717,217.\n\n### Accolades\n`Award\u00a0`\n`Year\u00a0`\n`Category\u00a0`\n`Result\u00a0`\n`Cast\/crew`\n**`Teen Choice Awards`**`\u00a0`\n`2008\u00a0`\n`Choice\u00a0Summer\u00a0Movie:\u00a0Action\u00a0Adventure\u00a0`\n**`Young Artist Award`**`\u00a0`\n`2009\u00a0`\n`Best\u00a0Performance\u00a0in\u00a0a\u00a0Feature\u00a0Film\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Leading\u00a0Young\u00a0Actor\u00a0`\n`Josh\u00a0Hutcherson`\n**BMI Film & TV Awards**\n`2009\u00a0`\n`Andrew\u00a0Lockington`\n**World Soundtrack Awards**\n`2009\u00a0`\n`Discovery\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0Year\u00a0`\n`Andrew\u00a0Lockington`","parent_id":"927d884ccbc062f9200c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"927d884ccbc062f9200c:6","document_content":"# Journey to the Center of the Earth (2008 theatrical film)\n### Accolades\n- Brazil - July 11, 2008\n- Canada - July 11, 2008\n- Ireland - July 11, 2008\n- United Kingdom - July 11, 2008\n- United States - July 11, 2008\n- Chile - August 7, 2008\n- Singapore - August 7, 2008\nIn March 2009, Walden Media announced a sequel film, *Journey 2: The Mysterious Island*, starring Hutcherson, Dwayne Johnson, Michael Caine, Luis Guzman, and Vanessa Hudgens. Fraser and Briem\\'s characters did not return, and Jane Wheeler was replaced by Kristin Davis. *Journey 2* was filmed between November 2010 and February 2011 and was released in February 2012. Like the first film, the sequel was shot in 3D, and the script is loosely based on a Verne novel --*The Mysterious Island*.\n*Journey to the Center of the Earth 4-D Adventure* is a 15-minute 4D film shown at various 4D theatres all over the world. It retells the condensed story of the film with the help of 3D projection and sensory effects, including moving seats, wind, mist and scents. Produced by SimEx-Iwerks, the 4D experience premiered in 2009. Locations included Warner Bros.\u00a0Movie World (2010--2012), Dollywood (2009--2012), Enchanted Kingdom (2009--), Stone Mountain, and Rainbows End.","parent_id":"927d884ccbc062f9200c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f80ac431264f1b731308:0","document_content":"# The Last Lear\n***The Last Lear*** is a 2007 Indian drama film directed by Rituparno Ghosh. The film won the National Award of India for Best Feature Film in English in 2007. The film stars Amitabh Bachchan, Preity Zinta, Arjun Rampal, Divya Dutta, Shefali Shah and Jisshu Sengupta. Shefali Shah won the Best Supporting Actress National Award for her role in the movie. It was produced by Arindam Chaudhuri of Planman Motion Pictures.\nBasing the script on Utpal Dutt\\'s semiautobiographical play *Aajker Shahjahan*, Rituparno Ghosh penned it in 2006, and turned to the actors in February 2007, all of whom accepted the offer. The film began shooting from 28 February 2007 to 10 April 2007; principal shooting took place in Kolkata and some shooting took place in Mussoorie, Uttarakhand. Dubbing for the film ended on 31 August 2007.\n*The Last Lear* premiered at the 2007 Toronto International Film Festival on 9 September and received a significant reception, earning many accolades after being showcased at a Gala Presentation.\nThe film was later showcased at the London Film Festival, and the International Film Festival of India in Goa. The film was received positively by critics with many saying that Bachchan has given a career best performance.\nThe story revolves around Harish Mishra (Amitabh Bachchan), a retired Shakespearean theatre actor who spent precisely thirty years and nine months on stage and then suddenly quit, and his first and last act as a cinema artist. He is immensely passionate about Shakespeare, believes that nothing even comparable can ever be written, knows all his plays by heart, lives in those stories, condemns modern cinema and considers theatre as a much higher artform for directors and actors to convey their message to an audience.","parent_id":"f80ac431264f1b731308","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f80ac431264f1b731308:1","document_content":"# The Last Lear\nIt is Diwali, a time when box offices are flooded with new releases and Shabnam (Preity Zinta) has to attend the premiere of her latest movie: *The Mask*. However, she decides to visit her co-star Harish and heads to a cubbyhole of old Kolkata where Harish is bedridden in a coma. He is being taken care by Vandana (Shefali Shah) and a nurse, Ivy (Divya Dutta). Vandana treats Shabnam with spite as she blames her and the entire cast and crew for Harish\\'s condition. But soon they are seen bonding over tea and are involved in a conversation about Harish. In flashbacks, their story and equation with Harish emerges.\nThe movie sees parallel narration from Goutam (Jisshu Sengupta), a journalist who recalls his encounters with the veteran actor. He had suggested Harish for the lead role to his elder brother Siddharth (Arjun Rampal) who happens to be an ambitious perfectionist director. After a casual meeting with Harish, Siddharth realizes that to convince Harish to act in his film, he has to win his trust and establish a relationship with him. And, hence, the impatient young auteur attempts to win the trust and collaboration of the aged performer, who sits raging against the modern world from the sanctuary of his study.\nHarish finally agrees to act in the film. Shooting happens on the stunning Himalayan foothills of Mussoorie. On the sets he befriends Shabnam and teaches her lessons on acting, life and Shakespeare. As the story unfolds one gets to know his relationship with Vandana, the reason behind his quitting theatre and last but not the least the reason for his illness. *The Last Lear* becomes a captivating reflection on the comparative artifices of stagecraft and cinema.\n- Amitabh Bachchan as Harish Mishra\n- Preity Zinta as Shabnam\n- Arjun Rampal as Siddharth Kumar\n- Divya Dutta as Ivy\n- Shefali Shah as Vandana\n- Jisshu Sengupta as Goutam Kumar\n- Prosenjit Chatterjee as Cameo appearance","parent_id":"f80ac431264f1b731308","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f80ac431264f1b731308:2","document_content":"# The Last Lear\nNirpal Dhaliwal of *The Guardian* called it \\\"The most god-awful film I have ever seen\\\", criticizing its use of rather hammy English language than Hindi and mentioning that the main actor, Amitabh Bachchan, is a combination of Steve McQueen, James Stewart and Sean Connery all rolled into one but in this film he is closer to Bruce Forsyth and Derek Jacobi.\nJanet Gruttsman of Reuters mentioned that the film doesn\\'t have any song and dance routines which are usual highlights in Bollywood cinema. IndiaGlitz praised the film\\'s cinematography and acting but criticized its screenplay, especially the ending. Sukanya Verma of *Rediff.com* gave it 3 out of 5 stars saying that \\\"The problem with *The Last Lear* is that while Ghosh builds Harry\\'s aura to perfection, everyone around him fails to reach out.\\\"\n- 2009: Star Screen Award for Best Film in English\n- 2009: National Film Award for Best Feature Film in English\n- 2009: National Film Award for Best Supporting Actress - Shefali Shah","parent_id":"f80ac431264f1b731308","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667:0","document_content":"# Repo! The Genetic Opera\n***Repo! The Genetic Opera*** is a 2008 American science fiction gothic rock opera horror film directed by Darren Lynn Bousman. Based on the 2002 musical of the same name, written and composed by Darren Smith and Terrance Zdunich, the film stars Alexa Vega, Paul Sorvino, Anthony Head, Sarah Brightman, Paris Hilton, Bill Moseley, Nivek Ogre and Terrance Zdunich.\n*Repo!* premiered at the Fantasia Film Festival in July 2008, followed by a very limited release on November 7, 2008, on seven screens in Pasadena, Chicago, Mobile, Charlotte, Kansas City, Toronto and Ottawa. While initially released to mixed reviews, it gained a cult following similar to *The Rocky Horror Picture Show*, managing even to fill theaters worldwide with costumed fans performing alongside the film.\nBy the year 2056, an epidemic of organ failures has devastated the planet. The megacorporation GeneCo provides organ transplants on a payment plan. Clients who miss payments are hunted down by Repo Men, skilled assassins who \\\"repossess\\\" the organs (\\\"Genetic Repo Man\\\"). The CEO of GeneCo, Rottissimo \\\"Rotti\\\" Largo, discovers he is terminally ill.\u00a0Rotti\\'s three children, Luigi, Pavi, and Amber, bicker over who will inherit GeneCo (\\\"Mark It Up\\\"). Rotti believes none of his children are worthy heirs and instead plans to pass on his fortune to 17-year-old Shilo Wallace, the daughter of his ex-fianc\u00e9 Marni (\\\"Things You See In A Graveyard\\\").","parent_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667:1","document_content":"# Repo! The Genetic Opera\nShilo has inherited a rare blood disease from Marni which requires her to stay indoors, and longs to see the outside world (\\\"Infected\\\"). Shilo\\'s overprotective father Nathan believes he killed Marni with a treatment he created for her illness -- in truth, Rotti poisoned Marni\\'s medicine behind Nathan\\'s back as revenge for leaving him, and then blackmailed Nathan, promising to keep him out of jail if he agreed to become GeneCo's head Repo Man, though he has led Shilo to believe he is a doctor (\\\"Legal Assassin\\\"). One night, Shilo secretly visits her mother\\'s tomb and runs into GraveRobber, who is digging up bodies to secrete Zydrate, a euphoric and addictive pain-killer that he sells on the street to keep up with his GeneCo payments (\\\"21st Century Cure\\\").\nRotti lures Shilo to GeneCo\\'s fair with the promise of a cure for her disease. There, the Largo brothers argue about their father\\'s will while Amber harasses Blind Mag, an opera singer and GeneCo\\'s celebrity spokesperson. Born blind, Mag has been given surgically enhanced eyes by GeneCo at the cost of working for them indefinitely. Rotti explains that Mag is soon resigning as GeneCo\\'s spokeswoman. GraveRobber helps Shilo escape the fairgrounds, encountering several of his customers including the surgery-addicted Amber, who has skipped the fair she was supposed to speak at, once again publicly embarrassing her father (\\\"Zydrate Anatomy\\\"). Amber explains that Mag\\'s eyes are set for repossession and that she will replace her. After GeneCops arrive, GraveRobber and Shilo part ways and she quickly returns to her room before Nathan notices her missing.","parent_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667:2","document_content":"# Repo! The Genetic Opera\nRotti hires Nathan to repossess Mag\\'s eyes but Nathan refuses, citing her close friendship with Marni, and quits his job mid-surgery (\\\"Night Surgeon\\\"). An infuriated Rotti vows to have Nathan taken out. Mag visits Shilo and reveals she is her godmother, and that Nathan had told her Shilo died with Marni. She cautions Shilo to not make the same mistakes she did (\\\"Chase The Morning\\\"). Nathan arrives home and forces Mag out after she scolds him for his lies and his incarceration of Shilo (\\\"Everyone's A Composer\\\"). Meanwhile, back at GeneCo, Rotti writes his will, ready to make Shilo his sole beneficiary (\\\"Gold\\\").\nRotti invites Shilo to the Opera (\\\"At The Opera Tonight\\\"). Nathan is pursued by GeneCops who try to arrest him, but he quickly dispatches them and heads to the opera looking for Shilo. Amber takes the stage for her debut, but her performance is ruined when her transplanted face falls off. Mag completes her final performance, but deviates from the song\\'s grand finale, denouncing the Largo family and gouging out her eyes in an act of defiance (\\\"Chromaggia\\\"). Rotti cuts the cords suspending Mag, impaling her on a fence. Rotti assures the audience that Mag\\'s death is part of the show.","parent_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667:3","document_content":"# Repo! The Genetic Opera\nShilo sees a Repo Man arrive and attacks him with a shovel before realizing that he is her father, and angrily confronts Nathan for lying to her about his profession (\\\"Let The Monster Rise\\\"). Onstage, Rotti reveals that Shilo does not have a blood disease but that Nathan has been poisoning her \\\"medicine\\\" in an attempt to keep her safe from the outside world after being unable to cope with the loss of Marni. As his disease begins to take its toll, Rotti promises Shilo GeneCo if she kills her father. When she refuses, Rotti uses the last of his strength to fatally shoot Nathan, and dies after disowning his children. After a tearful farewell to her father (\\\"I Didn't Know I'd Love You So Much\\\"), Shilo leaves, deciding that her father\\'s actions do not dictate her future (\\\"Genetic Emancipation\\\").\nShilo flees, leaving GeneCo with no legal heir. Amber inherits the company instead and auctions her fallen face to charity, which Pavi wins.","parent_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667:4","document_content":"# Repo! The Genetic Opera\n- Alexa Vega as Shilo Wallace, the primary protagonist of the film. Shilo is a 17-year-old girl, confined to her room due to the alleged blood disorder she inherited from her mother, and dreams of exploring the world outside of her bedroom, which she considers her prison. While she initially strives to obey her father\\'s rules, later in the story, she becomes more and more assertive, attempting to earn her independence. Prior to the story she has often snuck out of her room at night to collect bugs, and shots of her room shows she has an impressive collection.\n- Paul Sorvino as Rottissimo \\\"Rotti\\\" Largo, the film\\'s main antagonist. Rotti is the ailing founder and president of GeneCo, looking for a worthy heir as his terminal disease progresses. He is a powerful and driven man, having built his GeneCo empire from the ground up, and believes that material wealth is the only real driving force in the world. He is ashamed of his own children, and is the one responsible for Marni\\'s death, shielding the truth from Nathan as revenge for \\\"stealing\\\" Marni from him.\n- Anthony Head as Nathan Wallace, Shilo\\'s father and a widower, who wrongly believes he was inadvertently responsible for Marni\\'s death. Nathan doubles as the head Repo Man to repay Rotti for \\\"fixing\\\" the circumstances of Marni\\'s death with the police. Nathan is a highly skilled assassin who often laments his late night duties, though he appears to have some sadistic tendencies as well.\n- Sarah Brightman as Magdalene \\\"Blind Mag\\\" Defoe, Shilo\\'s godmother and Marni\\'s best friend. She was born blind, but was given surgically enhanced eyes by GeneCo in exchange for having to work as a GeneCo spokesperson for the rest of her life. She is marked for repossession and is set to deliver her final performance for the company.\n- Paris Hilton as Carmela \\\"Amber Sweet\\\" Largo, Rotti\\'s only daughter and the youngest of the Largo children. She is addicted to both surgery and Zydrate, which she obtains illegally from GraveRobber, occasionally in exchange for sex.\n- Bill Moseley as Luigi Largo, Rotti\\'s aggressive, homicidal eldest son. He wields a knife at all times, and is willing to stab others at the slightest provocation.\n- Nivek Ogre as Pavi Largo, Rotti\\'s middle child. Womanizing, narcissistic, vacuous, and effeminate, he wears the skinned face of a woman as a mask over his own, which is heavily scarred. Due to the way his face is attached, he is able to change faces on a whim. He has an Italian accent (to conceal his speech impediment, according to Zdunich) and is almost always surrounded by women, usually Genterns (GeneCo\\'s employees).\n- Terrance Zdunich as GraveRobber, a peddler who obtains Zydrate from corpses and has connections to Amber, both sexually and as a dealer. He also seems to be Shilo\\'s first and only friend. Mysterious and charismatic, he acts as the narrator of the post-apocalyptic world.\n- Sarah Power as Marni Wallace, Nathan\\'s late wife and Shilo\\'s mother; she was engaged to Rotti until she left him for Nathan. A jealous Rotti poisoned her and framed Nathan for the crime.\n  - Nancy Long provided Marni\\'s singing voice for \\\"Chase the Morning\\\".","parent_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667:5","document_content":"# Repo! The Genetic Opera\nJoan Jett makes a cameo appearance during the song \\\"Seventeen\\\" playing the guitar. Dean Armstrong, later seen in *Saw 3D*, appears as the victim during \\\"Thankless Job\\\". Co-writer Darren Smith appears during \\\"We Started This Op\\'ra Shit\\\" as the GeneCo band leader. Frequent Bousman collaborator J. LaRose appears during \\\"Zydrate Support Network\\\" as a GeneCo spokesman.\nA 7-track demo CD dubbed the \\\"Pre-Surgery Sampler\\\", was released on July 24, 2008. A 22-track soundtrack was released on September 30. Songs do not appear in the same sequence on the CD as they do in the film. On February 20, 2009, an extended edition of the soundtrack was released online. The \\\"Deluxe Edition\\\" contains 38 tracks; and the song, \\\"Zydrate Anatomy\\\", was re-cut and used in its film version for this edition. Melora Creager of Rasputina plays cello on the soundtrack.\nIn the film, the following songs are performed:","parent_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667:6","document_content":"# Repo! The Genetic Opera\n1.  \\\"Genetic Repo Man\\\" - GraveRobber\n2.  \\\"Things You See in a Graveyard\\\" - Rotti\n3.  \\\"21st Century Cure\\\" - GraveRobber, Shilo\n4.  \\\"Shilo Wakes\\\" - Nathan, Shilo\n5.  \\\"Infected\\\" - Shilo\n6.  \\\"Legal Assassin\\\" - Nathan, Ghostly chorus\n7.  \\\"Lungs and Livers\\\" - GeneCo Chorus\n8.  \\\"Mark It Up\\\" - Genterns, Amber, Luigi, Pavi\n9.  \\\"Tao of Mag\\\" - Mag\n10. \\\"Things You See in a Graveyard (Reprise)\\\" - Rotti\n11. \\\"Limo Ride\\\" - Rotti and Shilo\n12. \\\"Thankless Job\\\" - Nathan\n13. \\\"Tao of Mag (Reprise)\\\" - Mag\n14. \\\"No Organs? No Problemo!\\\" - GeneCo chorus\n15. \\\"Largo\\'s Little Helpers\\\" - Child chorus\n16. \\\"Genterns\\\" - Genterns, Pavi\n17. \\\"Luigi, Pavi, Amber Harass Mag\\\" - Luigi, Mag, Amber, Pavi, Rotti\n18. \\\"Seeing You Stirs Memories\\\" - Rotti\n19. \\\"Seeing You Stirs Memories (Reprise)\\\" - Rotti, Mag\n20. \\\"My, What Big Scissors You Have\\\" - Shilo\n21. \\\"Inopportune Telephone Call\\\" - Nathan, Shilo\n22. \\\"GraveRobber and Shilo Escape\\\" - GraveRobber, Shilo\n23. \\\"Zydrate Support Network\\\" - Rotti, Reporter\n24. \\\"Zydrate Anatomy\\\" - GraveRobber, Shilo, Amber, Zydrate addicts\n25. \\\"Disposal Crew\\\" - Disposal crew\n26. \\\"Who Ordered Pizza?\\\" - Luigi, Pavi, Nathan, Rotti, Amber\n27. \\\"Night Surgeon\\\" - Nathan, Rotti, Henchgirls, Luigi, Pavi, Genterns\n28. \\\"Chase the Morning\\\" - Mag, Shilo, Marni\n29. \\\"Everyone\\'s a Composer\\\" - Mag, Nathan, Shilo\n30. \\\"Come Back!\\\" - Nathan and Shilo\n31. \\\"What Chance Has a 17 Year Old Girl\\\" - Nathan, Shilo\n32. \\\"Seventeen\\\" - Shilo\n33. \\\"Happiness is Not a Warm Scalpel\\\" - Amber, Rotti\n34. \\\"Gold\\\" - Rotti\n35. \\\"Nathan Discovers Rotti\\'s Plan\\\" - Nathan, Shilo\n36. \\\"Tonight We Are Betrayed\\\" - Nathan\n37. \\\"At the Opera Tonight\\\" - Shilo, Mag, Nathan, Amber, GraveRobber, Rotti, Luigi, Pavi\n38. \\\"Bloodbath!\\\" - GraveRobber\n39. \\\"We Started This Op\\'ra Shit!\\\" - Bandleader, Luigi, Pavi, Rotti, GeneCo chorus\n40. \\\"Interrogation Room Challenge\\\" - Rotti\n41. \\\"Blame Not My Cheeks\\\" - Amber, GeneCo chorus\n42. \\\"Chromaggia\\\" - Mag\n43. \\\"Pi\u00e8ce De R\u00e9sistance\\\" - Rotti\n44. \\\"Let the Monster Rise\\\" - Nathan, Shilo\n45. \\\"Sawman\\'s Lament\\\" - Rotti, Luigi, Pavi, Shilo, Nathan\n46. \\\"The Man Who Made You Sick\\\" - Rotti, Shilo, Nathan\n47. \\\"Cut the Ties\\\" - Rotti, Luigi, Shilo, Pavi\n48. \\\"Shilo Turns Against Rotti\\\" - Shilo, Rotti, Nathan\n49. \\\"I Didn\\'t Know I\\'d Love You So Much\\\" - Shilo, Nathan\n50. \\\"Genetic Emancipation\\\" - Shilo\n51. \\\"Epitaph\\\" - GraveRobber, Zydrate addicts\n52. \\\"Repo Man\\\" - Ogre (**end credits**)\n53. \\\"VUK-R\\\" - Katie Fitzgerald (**end credits**)\n54. \\\"Needle Through a Bug\\\" - Shilo, Graverobber (**end credits**)\n55. \\\"Bravi\\\" - Mag, Pavi, Luigi, Rotti, Amber (**end credits**)\n56. \\\"Aching Hour\\\" - Sarah Brightman (**end credits**)","parent_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667:7","document_content":"# Repo! The Genetic Opera\nCut songs\nBits and pieces of some of these songs were used in the film. Most of the songs\\' scenes were cut entirety (**\\***).","parent_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667:8","document_content":"# Repo! The Genetic Opera\n1.  \\\"Crucifixus\\\" - Mag, Ghostly chorus (used as the screen closes in to GeneCo; instrumental version used in film)\n2.  \\\"Bravi!\\\"\\* - Mag, Pavi, Luigi, Rotti, Amber (end credits, a commercial that would have been used before \\\"Mark It Up\\\"; heard briefly between \\\"Infected\\\" and Nathan\\'s Story)\n3.  \\\"Tao of Mag\\\" - Mag (a commercial starring Mag that promotes the Genetic Opera; heard briefly between \\\"Mark It Up\\\" and Rotti\\'s Story)\n4.  \\\"Can\\'t Get It Up if the Girl\\'s Breathing?\\\"\\* - Amber, GraveRobber (Amber telling GraveRobber that there are other ways to pay for Zydrate; would have succeeded \\\"Housecall\\\") (also a deleted scene on the Blu-ray release)\n5.  \\\"Come Up and Try My New Parts\\\"**\\*** - Amber (Amber seduces GraveRobber to get out of paying for Zydrate; succeeds \\\"Can\\'t Get It Up\\\"; the scene is available on the Blu-ray)\n6.  \\\"GraveRobber and Shilo Escape\\\" - GraveRobber, Shilo, Amber (GraveRobber and Shilo escape from the Italian festival; alternate version used in film, Amber not included) (also a deleted scene on the Blu-ray release)\n7.  \\\"Buon Giorno\\\"**\\*** - Rotti, Pavi, Luigi, Genterns (Genetic Opera greeting; would have come after \\\"We Started This Op\\'ra Shit!\\\"; the scene is available on the Blu-ray)\n8.  \\\"Rotti\\'s Chapel Sermon\\\"**\\*** - Rotti (the scene was reedited to make up \\\"Interrogation Room Challenge\\\"; succeeds \\\"Buon Giorno\\\")\n9.  \\\"Needle Through a Bug\\\"**\\*** - GraveRobber, Shilo (deleted scene where Shilo must pass another of Rotti\\'s tests; succeeded \\\"Rotti\\'s Chapel Sermon\\\"; the scene is available on the Blu-ray) and plays in its entirety during credits\n10. \\\"Aching Hour\\\"**\\*** - Blind Mag (Mag sings about her imminent death during the Renaissance festival; plays in its entirety during credits)","parent_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667:9","document_content":"# Repo! The Genetic Opera\nScore tracks\nIncludes songs only heard as instrumentals and not parts of any deleted songs: (**\\*** = instrumental)\n1.  \\\"Depraved Heart Murder at Sanitarium Square\\\"**\\*** (First song heard in the film)\n2.  \\\"The Prognosis\\\"**\\*** (Heard right after \\\"Crucifixus\\\")\n3.  \\\"Nathan\\'s Story\\\"**\\*** (Heard right after \\\"Infected\\\")\n4.  \\\"Rotti\\'s Story\\\"**\\*** (Heard right after \\\"Tao of Mag\\\")\n5.  \\\"A Ventriloquist\\'s Mess\\\"**\\*** (Heard right after \\\"Thankless Job\\\")\n6.  \\\"Blind Mag\\'s Story\\\"**\\*** (Heard right after \\\"Seeing Your Stirs Memories\\\")\n7.  \\\"Before the Escape\\\"**\\*** (Heard right after \\\"Inopportune Telephone Call\\\")\n8.  \\\"Worthy Heirs?\\\"**\\*** (Heard right after \\\"Zydrate Support Network\\\")\n9.  \\\"A Dump Truck Home\\\"**\\*** (Heard right after \\\"Disposal Crew\\\")\n10. \\\"The Visitor\\\"**\\*** (Heard right after \\\"Night Surgeon\\\")\n11. \\\"Pre-Happiness\\\"**\\*** (Heard right after \\\"Seventeen\\\")\n12. \\\"Not Your Parents\\' Opera\\\"**\\*** (Heard right after \\\"Bloodbath!\\\")\n13. \\\"Mag\\'s Fall\\\"**\\*** (Heard right after \\\"Chromaggia\\\")\n14. \\\"A Ten Second Opera\\\"**\\*** (Heard right after \\\"Let the Monster Rise\\\")","parent_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667:10","document_content":"# Repo! The Genetic Opera\n### Development\nIn 1996, Darren Smith had a friend who was going through bankruptcy and whose possessions were going into foreclosure. Inspired by this, Smith came up with the idea of a future where not only one\\'s property, but also one\\'s body parts, could be repossessed. Smith and Terrance Zdunich collaborated ideas and plot lines to create the first version of *Repo!*, titled *The Necromerchant\\'s Debt*, which told the story of a Graverobber in debt to a Repo Organ Man. It was first performed at the John Raitt theater in 2002. After being such a success, creators Smith and Zdunich expanded on the universe to create all of the storylines that became *Repo! The Genetic Opera* later in 2002. Many changes were made, gradually, to the characters and music throughout the show\\'s various incarnations through 2005. For example, Rotti, in the earliest performances, was not the father to Luigi, Pavi, and Amber. Instead, he was a younger brother to Luigi and Pavi, while Amber was Luigi\\'s daughter. Lyrics were adjusted to new arcs and some songs were dropped altogether, such as \\\"But This Is Opera!\\\", which was cut out in an effort to change the direction of Blind Mag\\'s character. After years of being performed as a stage play, *Repo!* was adapted into a 10-minute short film directed and financed by Darren Lynn Bousman to pitch the idea to film studios. The film starred Shawnee Smith as Amber Sweet (then named \\\"Heather Sweet\\\"), Michael Rooker as the Repo Man, Kristen Fairlie as Shilo, Terrance Zdunich as GraveRobber, and J. Larose as Pavi.\n\n### Filming\nOnce *Repo!* was picked up by Lionsgate, principal photography began on September 2007 in Canada. The film was scheduled to be released on April 25, 2008, but was pushed back to November 7. X Japan leader Yoshiki produced the soundtrack, along with composing one extra track for the film. He also served as the music director and one of the film\\'s executive producers. Paul Masse was the cast\\'s vocal coach for the film\\'s soundtrack.","parent_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667:11","document_content":"# Repo! The Genetic Opera\n### Promotion\nDue to Lionsgate\\'s lack of promotion, director Bousman and creator Zdunich did much of their own promotion. To coincide with the film\\'s release, Bousman, Smith, and Zdunich, as well as various cast members, did a *Repo! Road Tour* version of the film. The tour was set up for one-night screenings of the film in seven different cities across the United States. Principal cast and crew also did extensive Q&A sessions following each screening. Because of strong ticket sales, a second and third touring session were added, in addition to a British tour across four locations. A *Repo! Road Show* was announced on January 28 in 10 cities. This show was similar to the *Repo! Road Tour*, except it was almost completely fan-run.\n\n### Theatrical release\nThe film received a limited release in the United States and Canada on November 7, 2008. It had a further limited Canadian release, playing in Toronto from November 21--27, 2008. It was released in the Czech Republic on November 20, this was followed by a theatrical release in Spain on January 2, 2009. In December 2008, several more US theatrical screenings were announced running between January 13--24, 2009 in several cities The Repo! Road Tour made its 4th and final leg in Europe from March 7--12, 2009. After initial theatrical release and DVD sales, fan support has caused *Repo! The Genetic Opera* to be played in select theaters for the duration of 2009 and well into 2014, some with \\\"shadow casts\\\" in which a group of actors and performers re-enact the film in front of the big screen while the film is playing on stage, much like the followers of *The Rocky Horror Picture Show*. It was re-released in a special screening at the 2010 San Diego Comic-Con International.","parent_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667:12","document_content":"# Repo! The Genetic Opera\n### Critical response\nThe film received generally mixed to negative reviews from critics. Critics polled on the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes gave the film a 40% approval rating. The site\\'s consensus reads, \\\"Bombastic and intentionally gross, *Repo! The Genetic Opera* has a unique style but lacks the wit and substance to be involving\\\". The film has a 32 out of 100 rating on Metacritic, indicating \\\"generally unfavorable reviews\\\". Kyle Smith of *The New York Post* concluded, \\\"There probably aren\\'t enough futuristic Goth rock musicals, but *Repo! The Genetic Opera* is weak on a couple of things a musical needs: music and lyrics.\\\" Nathan Lee for *The New York Times* declared the film \\\"feels destined to please a campy coterie of fans and no one else\\\" and criticized the music, saying, \\\"A few catchy melodies, some clever lyrics or even a sense that the score wasn't just one long, unmodulated track might have energized this singularly inert tale\\...\\\" Tasha Robinson for *The A.V. Club* said, \\\"One of the main issues with Repo! The Genetic Opera is that nearly every aspect of it goes on too long. The songs are generally overextended, which is a particular problem given that most of them are also atonal and dull, either chanted or seemingly assembled from a series of clunky, ill-fitting, barely rhyming lines.\\\" And ultimately \\\"\\...I spent the vast majority of the film either bored or squirming with discomfort over the cheap gore, the arrhythmic songs, and the phenomenally bombastic performances\\...\\\"\nThe film has since developed a cult following since its original release in 2008.\n\n### Box office\n*Repo!* grossed \\$53,684 in its opening weekend, a \\$6,711 average per theater. The film\\'s full eleven-theater release earned \\$146,750 in the United States, and an additional \\$41,376 internationally, for a total of \\$188,126 worldwide.","parent_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667:13","document_content":"# Repo! The Genetic Opera\n### Accolades\nHilton\\'s performance won her the Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Supporting Actress at the 29th Golden Raspberry Awards. At the same ceremony, Hilton was also awarded Worst Actress for her role in *The Hottie and the Nottie*. The songs \\\"Chase the Morning\\\", \\\"Chromaggia\\\", and \\\"Zydrate Anatomy\\\" were shortlisted for the Academy Award for Best Original Song, although none were nominated.\nThe film was released January 20, 2009 on DVD and Blu-ray in the United States. In Canada, the DVD was released on January 20, 2009 and the Blu-ray was released February 10, 2009. It was released on DVD and Blu-ray in the United Kingdom on March 9, 2009. It was released in Ireland on March 6, 2009. The DVD was released in Germany on April 14. The US DVD release contains two audio commentaries (one by Bousman and actors Vega, Moseley, and Ogre; the other by Bousman, creators Darren Smith and Terrance Zdunich, and music producer Joseph Bishara), two featurettes (*From Stage to Screen* and *Legal Assassin - A Repo Man*), and the theatrical trailer. The Blu-ray contains all DVD features including a select-scene audio commentary by the director and Paris Hilton, an additional two featurettes (*Zydrate Anatomy - Amber Sweet: Addicted to the Knife* and *Chase the Morning - Blind Mag: The Voice of GeneCo*), a video sing-along with bouncing heart, four deleted scenes (*Needle Through a Bug*, *Buon Giorno*, *Extended Version of Shilo and GraveRobber Escape*, and *Come Up and Try My New Parts*), and the theatrical trailer.","parent_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667:14","document_content":"# Repo! The Genetic Opera\n### Accolades\nThe *Original Motion Picture Soundtrack* was released September 30, 2008 and only available through Amazon and iTunes. A deluxe version of the soundtrack was released on February 17, 2009. All the tracks from the previous release remain on the deluxe edition in the same order, with the new tracks placed in between some tracks, including score tracks. The only track that appears on both albums that differs is Zydrate Anatomy, where it is slightly longer on the deluxe edition. This album can also be found on Tidal.\nIn regards to the possibility of a sequel, Vega has been quoted as saying: \\\"From the very, very beginning, we always talked about a prequel or a sequel to this film. And it\\'s hard, because as of right now, we all want to do it, but, you know, it didn\\'t really do as we hoped. We didn\\'t really have a lot of support. But we\\'re hoping that the fans will come back, and it will be an underground cult classic that will grow, and that will eventually spark us to do another.\\\" Bousman also indicated interest, stating; \\\"I would love to follow up *Repo* and finish the story, because it was conceived as a three-part movie. But this movie is all about support from the internet, and support from fans. This is not a movie where you\\'ll see billboards or bus stop ads or trailers on TV.\\\" It was additionally expected that Hilton would return in her role as Amber Sweet. However, in a video posted on YouTube, it was revealed that they \\\"no longer control the answer to the question of a future sequel\\\" since they no longer have ownership of the franchise, thus driving Bousman and Zdunich to make *The Devil\\'s Carnival*.\n- *Elysium*\n- *Repo Men* -- A film involving a similar plotline regarding the repossession of transplanted organs","parent_id":"2e51acc9900fdd1b9667","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"927e702a2ae33f0048ca:0","document_content":"# My 20th Century\n***My 20th Century*** () is a 1989 Hungarian comedy-drama science fiction film written and directed by Ildik\u00f3 Enyedi. It premiered at the Toronto Festival of Festivals. Enyedi won the Golden Camera award at the 1989 Cannes Film Festival. The film was selected as the Hungarian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 62nd Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee. The film was chosen to be part of the New Budapest Twelve, a list of Hungarian films considered the best in 2000.\nIn Budapest in 1880, two twin daughters, D\u00f3ra and Lili, are born. After their mother dies, the twins support themselves by selling matches in the street. When they fall asleep one night, two men take their matches and, after a coin flip, each takes a girl and they go their separate ways.\nOn New Year\\'s Eve 1900, D\u00f3ra, a drifter, finds herself aboard the Orient Express trying to scam two men out of money. In Austria, Lili, now a revolutionary, boards the train where she is briefly seen by D\u00f3ra, who is drunk and instantly forgets her.\nAt a library, Lili encounters Z, a man who will not stop staring at her. The two become acquainted and Z falls in love with her, but Lili, who is carrying a bomb which she plans to use to kill the minister of the interior, remains focused on her politics even when her plot fails.\nLater, Z encounters D\u00f3ra on a boat. Believing her to be Lili, he gives her the number of his cabin where she robs him and the two later have sex.\nWhen Z and Lili meet again, he takes her to his apartment. Lili, who had previously sexually rejected Z, apologizes to him and tells him she regrets her previous decision. Believing that Lili is apologizing for robbing him, Z takes her to his apartment and they have sex. The following evening Lili attacks the minister with a bomb, but after looking into his eyes she blows out the bomb and runs away. Seeking refuge from a crowd of police, Lili hides in a fun house where, turning a corner, she sees D\u00f3ra. Z finds his way there as well and briefly sees them both together before the two run away from him.","parent_id":"927e702a2ae33f0048ca","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"927e702a2ae33f0048ca:1","document_content":"# My 20th Century\n- Dorota Segda - D\u00f3ra \/ Lili \/ Anya (as Dorotha Segda)\n- Oleg Yankovskiy - Z\n- Paulus Manker - Otto Weininger\n- P\u00e9ter Andorai - Thomas Edison\n- G\u00e1bor M\u00e1t\u00e9 - K\n- Gyula K\u00e9ry - \u00e9kszer\u00e9sz (as K\u00e9ri Gyula)\n- Andrej Schwartz - Seg\u00e9d\n- S\u00e1ndor T\u00e9ri - Husz\u00e1r (as T\u00e9ry S\u00e1ndor)\n- S\u00e1ndor Czvetk\u00f3 - Young anarchist\n- Endre Koronczi - Liftboy\n- \u00c1gnes Kov\u00e1cs & Eszter Kov\u00e1cs - Baby twins\nIldik\u00f3 Enyedi at the film\\'s press conference in Berlin\nOn review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 100%, based on 9 reviews. In one positive review, Silent London wrote that \\\"the cinema is just one of the 20th-century ideas that illuminate this film -- from politics through to science, technology and transport. Enyedi\\'s film has the capacity to make ideas and inventions that are now familiar seem new again, to imbue them with the sense of wonder and magic that they once held. Peter Bradshow wrote in *The Guardian* that \\\"*My 20th Century* is a jeu d'\u00e9sprit, a whimsical erotic fantasia of central Europe, a millennial meditation on modernity, all in black-and-white and infused with the spirit of early cinema.\\\"","parent_id":"927e702a2ae33f0048ca","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"927e702a2ae33f0048ca:2","document_content":"# My 20th Century\nDarragh O\\'Donoghue, in film magazine Cineaste, described the film as \\\"a true masterpiece of \\'domesticated sci-fi\\'\\\" and \\\"one of the great debuts in film history, as formally daring, visually inventive, and thematically complex as *Citizen Kane*.\\\" \\\"Here science is treated as a source of wonder, magic, fantasy, utopianism\\... Every sequence, every shot in this film is a mini-epic in itself---cinematography, composition, and sound shaped with an intensity across the entire film that is rare in the cinema.\\\"\nToronto International Film Festival curator Dorota Lech wrote that *My 20th Century* was a \\\"mischievous fairy tale of synchronicity and fin-de-si\u00e8cle wonder\\\" and established Enyedi\\'s reputation as \\\"an early pioneer of female science-fiction cinema and a master of labyrinthian storytelling.\\\" *My 20th Century*, she goes on, has \\\"a narrative concerned with both universal concepts and material dilemmas, cutting across space and time, sprinkled with irony, symbolism, and documentary realism\\\" and \\\"centers on the twin origins of modernity and cinema, both born of electricity.\\\" It reminds the viewer that \\\"our 20th century is undoubtedly one of paradoxes and we, like the dog connected to electrodes, know nothing of the universe beyond our own laboratory. \\... These diverging narrative threads of male scientific triumph over nature and female biological capability are prodded and reflected in a kaleidoscope of turn-of-the-century events.\\\" The film is \\\"a pointed critique of man\\'s arrogance through his pursuit for truth and his assumed infallibility of science in its infantile state.\\\"","parent_id":"927e702a2ae33f0048ca","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"927e702a2ae33f0048ca:3","document_content":"# My 20th Century\nFilm scholar Jonathan Owen writes that *My 20th Century* is \\\"a story of the twentieth century itself and of its bold early developments - technological, political and cultural - in all their magic, promise, and danger\\\" and calls it a \\\"meditation on technological enlightenment that is quite literally luminous.\\\" He says that the opening sequence is \\\"clownish yet a little ominous\\\" and \\\"sets the tone for a film that will pay homage to the exuberance of early cinema while musing on the mixed blessings of a machine-dominated modernity.\\\" Enyedi, Owen writes, \\\"is as much engaged with the unrealized possibilities of the twentieth century as with the shape it actually took\\\" and he explains that the twins are contrary visions of the twentieth century. Owen explains that the pigeon at the end of the film \\\"conveys the lost romance of pre-technological communication\\\" and \\\"recalls the failure of modern technology to realize its utopian potential and achieve genuine global and social connection.\\\" Owen identifies a number of silent films that are referenced in *My 20th Century*, including 1921\\'s *Orphans of the Storm* (which stars Lillian and Dorothy Gish, whose names are similar to Lili and D\u00f3ra\\'s), 1926\\'s *Now You Tell One*, and 1928\\'s *The Little Match Girl*.\n*New York Times* film critic Judy Stone wrote that the film is about \\\"the dreams and possibilities that existed in the 19th century and came true in the 20th. The inventions of electric light, flight, the telephone, movies, radio, television and computer microchips are now taken for granted, but\\... science has also diminished our sense of the miraculous.\\\" Stone interviewed Enyedi, who stated \\\"The people who achieved those inventions could make them because they were not afraid. They didn\\'t believe in governments or in political ideologies, but they were still able to believe in themselves.\\\" In warning that those technologies may pose dangers to the world, Enyedi said \\\"Our age has become overtechnical and soulless. Science has lost its moral basis. When I was planning the film, I thought about European culture \\-- where it is now and what will happen.\\\"","parent_id":"927e702a2ae33f0048ca","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"927e702a2ae33f0048ca:4","document_content":"# My 20th Century\n*My 20th Century* was featured in Mark Cousins\\' documentary *Women Make Film* in the Sci-Fi and Time episodes. In the Sci-Fi episode, narrator Thandiwe Newton states that the film is \\\"one of the most unusual in the sci-fi genre\\\", that it goes beyond \\\"future or parallel worlds, places of escape or veiled versions of our own malaise\\\", and that Enyedi \\\"shows that sci-fi has no bounds.\\\"\n- List of submissions to the 62nd Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film\n- List of Hungarian submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film","parent_id":"927e702a2ae33f0048ca","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6c4895e680531c791c0a:0","document_content":"# The Art of Woo\n***The Art of Woo*** is a 2001 Canadian romantic comedy film written and directed by Helen Lee and starring Sook-Yin Lee and Adam Beach.\nAlessa Woo (Sook-Yin Lee), an art gallery employee in Toronto, has built an image as a rich heiress, but is in dire financial straits. She attempts to court rich men to feed her lifestyle, but is prone to changing partners. One day, talented aboriginal artist Ben Crowchild (Adam Beach) moves into the apartment next door, leading to the two sharing a bathroom. In order to spurn a persistent suitor, Nathan (Don McKellar), Woo takes hold of Crowchild and kisses him. The two later become friends with benefits.\nSoon, Woo is approached by the idly rich art collector Patrick Aucoin (Joel Keller), who proposes to her; Woo becomes tempted. However, she has developed feelings for the seemingly unwealthy Crowchild. Crowchild, who has similar emotions, reveals to her that he was adopted by Aucoin\\'s father and that he himself is rich, but posing as a poor artist to be better received by the community. Woo and Crowchild become a couple.\nSaulteaux actor Adam Beach was cast in the lead male role of Ben Crowchild.\n*The Art of Woo* was the feature film directorial debut of Helen Lee. After the failure of Lee\\'s previous short film, *Priceless*, she was approached by co-producer Anita Lee and offered the chance to direct a feature-length romantic comedy; finding herself depressed by the \\\"heaviness\\\" of *Priceless*, Helen Lee accepted. She wrote the first draft in two weeks after watching several \\\"classic\\\" romantic comedies; the speed in writing was caused by her desire to receive a grant for up to C\\$ 500,000 from the Canadian Film Centre\\'s Featured Film Project (FFP), granted for low-budget films. After approval, they received assistance from FFP member Peter O\\'Brian to ensure they would finish the film within a year.\nHelen Lee intended to insert themes of gender and race through showing social anxieties, class distinctions, and cultural displacements. Two reviewers noted a resemblance between *The Art of Woo* and the 1961 film *Breakfast at Tiffany\\'s*.","parent_id":"6c4895e680531c791c0a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6c4895e680531c791c0a:1","document_content":"# The Art of Woo\nAs there was a scheduling conflict with Sandra Oh, the first choice to play Alessa Woo, Helen Lee cast MuchMusic video jockey Sook-Yin Lee. Sook-Yin Lee underwent acting courses in Montreal with Jacqueline McClintock.\nHelen Lee was lent paintings from local artists Michael Snow and Suzy Lake to use for filming, while Ron Sexsmith and Kurt Swinghammer did the soundtrack. *The Art of Woo* was filmed digitally in Toronto over 20 days between March and April 2001. Locations included the University of Toronto, The Power Plant, and Archive Gallery Inc.\n*The Art of Woo* was released at the Toronto International Film Festival.\nUpon its release, *The Art of Woo* was \\\"slashed\\\" by Canadian critics. Erin Oke of *Exclaim!* found the film to have \\\"many appealing aspects\\\", but felt that the situations were often contrived and it lacked a uniting vision; she surmised that it could have been a better film had it not tried \\\"quite so hard to be likeable all the time\\\". Lisa Braun of *Jam!* enjoyed the soundtrack but found the dialogue poor; she summarized that the film was \\\"uneven, but audiences would be interested to see what Lee does next\\\". Jonathan Crow, writing for the Rovi Corporation, found the film \\\"less fun and less accomplished than a third grade theater production\\\". At the 2002 Genie Awards, Ron Sexmith won *Best Achievement in Music\u00a0-- Original Song* for his work in the film.","parent_id":"6c4895e680531c791c0a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6264a6edb4aa7f535b25:0","document_content":"# The Go Master\n`()\u00a0is\u00a0a\u00a02006\u00a0biopic\u00a0film\u00a0directed\u00a0by\u00a0Tian\u00a0Zhuangzhuang\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0renowned\u00a0twentieth\u00a0century\u00a0Go\u00a0master\u00a0Wu\u00a0Qingyuan,\u00a0better\u00a0known\u00a0as\u00a0Go\u00a0Seigen,\u00a0the\u00a0Japanese\u00a0pronunciation\u00a0of\u00a0his\u00a0name.\u00a0The\u00a0film,\u00a0which\u00a0premiered\u00a0at\u00a0the\u00a044th\u00a0New\u00a0York\u00a0Film\u00a0Festival,\u00a0focuses\u00a0on\u00a0the\u00a0life\u00a0of\u00a0this\u00a0extraordinary\u00a0player\u00a0from\u00a0his\u00a0meteoric\u00a0rise\u00a0as\u00a0a\u00a0child\u00a0prodigy\u00a0to\u00a0fame\u00a0and\u00a0fortune\u00a0as\u00a0a\u00a0revolutionary\u00a0strategic\u00a0thinker,\u00a0as\u00a0well\u00a0as\u00a0the\u00a0tumultuous\u00a0global\u00a0conflicts\u00a0between\u00a0his\u00a0homeland\u00a0and\u00a0his\u00a0adopted\u00a0nation.\u00a0The\u00a0film\u00a0also\u00a0features\u00a0a\u00a0scene\u00a0involving\u00a0the\u00a0Atomic\u00a0bomb\u00a0go\u00a0game.\u00a0The\u00a0film\u00a0also\u00a0screened\u00a0at\u00a0the\u00a0AFI's\u00a0China\u00a0Film\u00a0Festival\u00a0in\u00a0Silver\u00a0Spring,\u00a0Maryland.`\nThe Go Master shines a light on the life and times of Wu Qingyuan, pronounced Go Seigen in Japanese. Wu is considered the greatest Go player of the 20th century, his talents bringing him from his native China to a professional career in Japan when he was only a teenager. Based on Wu\\'s autobiography, this elegantly shot and remarkably restrained biopic follows the life of a singular figure, fascinating not only for his genius and achievements in the game of Go, but also for his unique experiences as a Chinese man in Japan during an immensely turbulent period in history. Acclaimed Taiwanese actor Chang Chen (Crouching Tiger Hidden Dragon) portrays the titular role in a subtle, poignant performance that is as penetrating as it is opaque, underlying the brooding lyricism of the film. The Go Master co-stars Sylvia Chang, Matsuzaka Keiko, Emoto Akira, and Ito Ayumi, and Wu Qingyuan himself appears briefly in the film\\'s prologue. Also of note is the film\\'s costume design, which is by renowned designer Wada Emi (Ran, Hero, House of Flying Daggers).\nWith the breakout of the Sino-Japanese War in the 1930s, Wu Qingyuan (Chang Chen) and his family are thrown into an uncomfortable and dangerous position as Chinese nationals residing in Japan. While Wu\\'s family returns to China, he chooses to stay behind in his adopted country to continue to pursue the game of Go. In the quiet recluse of his school, there are no politics, only the singular dedication to his art and the love for his wife Kazuko (Ayumi Ito). However, the chaos of the times eventually forces him out of his enclave, throwing his life and mind into conflict.","parent_id":"6264a6edb4aa7f535b25","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6264a6edb4aa7f535b25:1","document_content":"# The Go Master\nWu\\'s career ends abruptly when he is struck by a motorcycle in a collision which does not appear to be an accident. This real-life incident may have been a conspiracy against him by opponents in the world of Go, where he remained an unshakable winner. He is later hospitalized and can no longer play Go, due to brain trauma. Despite this, the film ends nostalgically in the golden room of Go.\n- Chang Chen - Wu Qingyuan\n- Sylvia Chang - Shu Wen\n- Akira Emoto - Kensaku Segoe\n- Ayumi Ito - Kazuko Nakahara\n- Xin Baiqing - Wu Yan\n- Keiko Matsuzaka - Fumiko Kita\n- Kaho Minami - Nagako Nagaoka\n- Hironobu Nomura - Yasunari Kawabata\n- Takashi Nishina - Minoru Kitani\n- Nao Omori - Utaro Hashimoto\n- Takayuki Inoue - Shusai Honinbo\n- Betty Huang - Wu Qingying\n- Li Xuejian - Li Yutang\nWu Qingyuan is played by Taiwanese actor Chang Chen. Chang was nominated for the 2006 Golden Horse Award for best actor for his portrayal. The real Wu Qingyuan makes a short cameo appearance in the film\\'s prologue. Produced by Liu Xiaodian with executive producers Wang Jun, Own Chen, Wouter Barendrecht, and Michael J. Werner. The screenplay was written by Ah Cheng. Costume design was by the acclaimed Emi Wada, famous for such films as Kurosawa\\'s *Ran*, *Dreams*, as well as Zhang Yimou\\'s *Hero* and *House of Flying Daggers*.\nA.O. Scott of *The New York Times* called *The Go Master* \\\"a stately and respectful biopic\\\", as well as \\\"deliberate and contemplative rather than dramatic or psychologically probing\\\" and \\\"gorgeously shot\\\". The film was nominated for Achievement in Cinematography at the 2007 Asia Pacific Screen Awards.","parent_id":"6264a6edb4aa7f535b25","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"524b575294df32419c65:0","document_content":"# Astro Boy (film)\n***Astro Boy*** is a 2009 American computer-animated superhero film loosely based on the manga series of the same name by the Japanese writer and illustrator Osamu Tezuka. Produced by the Hong Kong-based company Imagi Animation Studios, it was directed by David Bowers, who co-wrote the screenplay with Timothy Hyde Harris. The film stars Freddie Highmore, Kristen Bell, Nathan Lane, Eugene Levy, Matt Lucas, Bill Nighy, Samuel L. Jackson, Donald Sutherland, Charlize Theron, and Nicolas Cage.\nThe film was first released in Hong Kong on October 8, 2009, and in the United States on October 23, 2009. It received generally mixed reviews from film critics and was a financial failure, earning worldwide against its budget. As a result of the film\\'s poor performance, Imagi shut down on February 5, 2010, and *Astro Boy* became the last film produced by the studio.\nin a 22nd century, Toby Tenma is a teenager who lives in the futuristic city-state of Metro City, which floats above the polluted surface on Earth. His father, Dr.\u00a0Tenma, works at the Ministry of Science, alongside Dr.\u00a0Elefun. They create the Peacekeeper, an advanced defensive robot that is powered using the Blue and Red spheres, two powerful energy cores that emit respective opposing positive and negative energy, discovered by Dr.\u00a0Elefun. The two scientists brief the President of Metro City, Stone, who is running for re-election. Against the scientists\\' warnings, Stone loads the negative Red Core into the Peacekeeper, causing it to become rampage. Toby is accidentally killed by the Peacekeeper, as it attempts to violently leave the research facility before it is put down by Dr.\u00a0Elefun.","parent_id":"524b575294df32419c65","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"524b575294df32419c65:1","document_content":"# Astro Boy (film)\nA distraught-driven Tenma revives Toby as a robot programmed with all his memories, but also makes his body with built-in defenses to protect him. Powered by the Blue Core, the robot activates and believes himself to be Toby, but although he has his original mind and a similar personality, Tenma realizes he could never be revived as the son he lost. Toby discovers his new robot capabilities including the ability to understand non-talking robots and rocket-powered flight. Stone has his forces pursue Toby, but the chase leads to him falling off the city\\'s edge when Stone\\'s flagship blasts him with missiles. Meanwhile, Tenma escapes arrest by agreeing to disable Toby and give up the blue core.\nToby awakens in an enormous junkyard, created from the redundant robots of Metro City it dumped there. He meets a group of orphaned children, Zane, Sludge and Widget, and Cora, accompanied by a dog-like robot named Trashcan. Toby also meets the members of the Robot Revolutionary Front (RRF), Sparx, Robotsky, and Mike the Fridge, who plan to free robots from mankind\\'s control, but are very inept and bound by the Laws of Robotics. While attempting to recruit him for their cause, they rename Toby \\\"Astro Boy\\\". Hamegg, the caretaker of the orphans, takes Astro in. The next day, Astro comes across an old, offline construction robot named Zog, whom he reactivates through sharing some of the Blue Core\\'s energy. Hamegg scans Astro, finding he is actually a robot, and paralyzes Astro with his electrical-blaster to use him in the fighting ring.","parent_id":"524b575294df32419c65","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"524b575294df32419c65:2","document_content":"# Astro Boy (film)\nAstro reluctantly defeats Hamegg\\'s fighters until Zog gets deployed. Astro and Zog refuse to fight and Hamegg attempts to disable both of them, but Zog, who predates the Laws of Robotics, fights back. Zog nearly kills Hamegg but gets saved by Astro, shocking the crowd. Moments later, Stone\\'s forces arrive to take Astro back to Metro City, and he willingly surrenders himself. Astro reunites with Tenma and Elefun and allows them to disable him. Realizing even though Astro is not Toby, he is still his son, Dr.\u00a0Tenma defies Stone, reactivates Astro, and lets him escape. Angry, Stone reloads the Red Core into the Peacekeeper to send it after Astro, only for it to absorb and merge with him. The Peacekeeper absorbs weapons and buildings, becoming bigger and stronger, and attacks Metro City, prompting Astro to battle it. Metro City\\'s power station gets destroyed during the fight, causes the city to fall, and Astro uses his superhuman strength to help it land safely.\nThe Peacekeeper tries absorbing Astro to get his Blue Core using the Red Core, but the cores\\' connection causes a violent reaction and separates them. Dr.\u00a0Tenma tells Astro that the two cores united can destroy themselves. The Peacekeeper captures Astro\\'s friends from the junkyard, and he flies into the Red Core, sacrificing himself to destroy it, while Stone survives from its destruction and gets arrested for his actions. As Elefun and the children find Astro\\'s body, Zog reactivates Astro by sharing back the Blue Core energy that reactivated him, and Astro reunites with all his friends and his father. The city is later attacked by a monstrous cycloptic extraterrestrial, but Astro punches it as he leaps into action.\nFreddie Highmore and Kristen Bell promoting the film at the 2009 San Diego Comic-Con.","parent_id":"524b575294df32419c65","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"524b575294df32419c65:3","document_content":"# Astro Boy (film)\n- Freddie Highmore as Astro Boy and Toby Tenma, Astro is a robot of Toby, Dr.\u00a0Tenma\\'s teenager son.\n- Nicolas Cage as Dr.\u00a0Tenma, Toby\\'s father, Astro\\'s creator, and the head of the Ministry of Science of Metro City.\n- Kristen Bell as Cora, a teenager girl who lives on the Earth\\'s surface and befriends Astro.\n- Samuel L. Jackson as Zog, a 100-year-old construction robot brought back to life by Astro Boy\\'s blue-core energy.\n- Matt Lucas as Sparx, the leader of the Robot Revolutionary Front.\n- Eugene Levy as Orrin, Tenma\\'s cowardly robot household servant.\n- Bill Nighy as Dr.\u00a0Elefun, Dr.\u00a0Tenma\\'s best friend & associate; and as Robotsky, the muscle of the Robot Revolutionary Front.\n- Donald Sutherland as President Stone, a ruthless, rogue, and ambitious President of Metro City who is running for re-election.\n- Nathan Lane as Hamegg, a surface-dweller who repairs machines and then uses them in his fighting tournament.\n- Charlize Theron as the \\\"Our Friends\\\" narrator, the voice used for an educational video seen at the film\\'s beginning.\n- David Bowers as Mike the Fridge, a talking refrigerator and third member of the Robot Revolutionary Front.\n- Mois\u00e9s Arias as Zane, a surface-dwelling child.\n- Alan Tudyk as Mr.\u00a0Squeegee, a cleaning robot that Astro encounters.\n- David Alan Grier as Mr.\u00a0Squirt, a cleaning robot that Astro encounters.\n- Madeline Carroll as Widget, Sludge\\'s twin.\n- Sterling Beaumon as Sludge, Widget\\'s twin.\n- Dee Bradley Baker as Trashcan, a dog-like robot that eats the rubbish.\n- Elle Fanning as Grace, a girl from Hamegg\\'s house who kicks President Stone\\'s leg.\n- Ryan Stiles as Mr.\u00a0Mustachio, Toby\\'s teacher.\n- Newell Alexander as General Heckler, President Stone\\'s assistant.\n- Victor Bonavida as Sam, a teenage boy from Hamegg\\'s house.\n- Tony Matthews as Cora\\'s dad.\n- Bob Logan as Stinger One, former President Stone\\'s pilot man who leads a group of aircraft with suction tubes and is dispatched to arrest Astro.\n- Ryan Ochoa as Rick, another teenage boy from Hamegg\\'s house.","parent_id":"524b575294df32419c65","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"524b575294df32419c65:4","document_content":"# Astro Boy (film)\n### Development\nIn 1997, Sony Pictures Entertainment purchased the film rights to *Astro Boy* from Tezuka Productions, intending to produce a live-action feature film. Todd Alcott was set to write the screenplay, but the film halted in 2000 when Steven Spielberg began *A.I.* (2001), another film with a robot boy who replaces a dead child. In December 2001, Sony hired Eric Leighton to direct an all-CGI film, with Angry Films and Jim Henson Productions producing it for a 2004 release. A screenplay draft was written, but the film did not go into production, and Leighton left in early 2003 to pursue other film projects. In June 2004, animator and *Dexter\\'s Laboratory* creator Genndy Tartakovsky was hired to direct a live-action\/animatronics\/CGI feature film. After writing the script, the film didn\\'t go into the production, and Tartakovsky left next year to direct 3-D-animated feature films at a new studio, Orphanage Animation Studios. Few months later it was revealed, that he was set to direct *The Dark Crystal* (1982) sequel, *The Power of the Dark Crystal*, another co-production with Jim Henson Productions. In September 2006, it was announced that Hong Kong-based animation firm Imagi Animation Studios would produce a CGI animated Astro Boy film, with Colin Brady directing it. A year later, the studio made a three-picture distribution deal with Warner Bros.\u00a0and The Weinstein Company, which also included *TMNT* (2007) and *Gatchaman*. In 2008, Summit Entertainment took over the film\\'s distribution rights. The same year, Brady was replaced with David Bowers, who previously directed *Flushed Away* (2006), the last project under the relationship between DreamWorks Animation, the creators of the *Shrek* and *Madagascar* franchises and Aardman, the creators of the *Wallace & Gromit* franchise and *Chicken Run*.","parent_id":"524b575294df32419c65","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"524b575294df32419c65:5","document_content":"# Astro Boy (film)\n### Design\nImage of Toby and ZOG in early prerelease footage\nLike Imagi did with TMNT, the film was animated on Maya and rendered on Pixar\\'s RenderMan at Imagi\\'s Los Angeles facility and it\\'s main studio in Hong Kong. Some changes to Astro\\'s design had to be made in order to appeal to a western audience and making the leap from 2D to 3D. The more challenging was his kawaii portrayal, part of which were his large eyes and curly eyelashes, features that the filmmakers thought made him too feminine. Imagi had several discussions on how round and curvy Astro\\'s body proportions should be and in the end they were made slimmer.\nThe by-product of these changes was Astro\\'s Caucasian look. In early development Astro\\'s design was younger, resembling his iconic design of a 9-year-old boy. The design team changed that and made him look like a 13-year-old to appeal to a larger audience. They also gave him a white shirt, and a blue jacket since they thought it would be strange to have a normal boy running around without one. They also replaced his heart-shaped energy core with a glowing blue one.\n\n### Music\nThe score to *Astro Boy* was composed by John Ottman, who recorded his score with a 95-piece orchestra and choir at Abbey Road Studios. A soundtrack album was released on October 20, 2009, by Var\u00e8se Sarabande Records.\nSongs in *Astro Boy* not composed by John Ottman are as follows:\nBreezy Day, composed by Roger-Roger.\nAlright, written by Daniel Goffey, Gaz Coombes, and Michael Quinn and performed by Supergrass.\nMarching Down the Field, composed by Harry Edwards.\n\n### Marketing\nSummit Entertainment partnered with McDonald\\'s to produce marketing tie-ins for *Astro Boy*. Beginning in May 2009 and continuing through September 2009, IDW Publishing published a \\\"prequel\\\" and comic book adaptation of the film as both mini-series and in graphic novel format to coincide with the North American release of the film in October 2009. A model of a motionless Astro Boy waiting to be powered up was set up at Peak Tower, Hong Kong, outside Madame Tussauds Hong Kong in September 2009. A panel of the film was held at the San Diego Comic-Con on July 23, 2009.","parent_id":"524b575294df32419c65","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"524b575294df32419c65:6","document_content":"# Astro Boy (film)\n### Home media\n*Astro Boy* was released on DVD and Blu-ray in the United States on March 16, 2010 by Summit Entertainment. Both releases include two new animated sequences, a featurette with the voice cast, three other featurettes about drawing Astro Boy, making an animated movie and getting the Astro Boy look, and an image gallery.\nIn Japan, a limited edition *Astro Boy* premium box set was released on April 2, 2010. It featured the same content from the American release with the exception of it spanning two DVD discs (one containing the film, the other containing special features with two that are exclusive to Japan) and has both English and Japanese dub (along with English and Japanese subtitles.) The box set also comes with a DVD (containing a single story on Astro\\'s first flight and an image gallery), Dr Tenma\\'s Project Notes (featuring 80 pages of 3-D-CGI models, character art and set designs from the film), a Micro SD (featuring the motion manga *Atomu Tanjo* (*Birth of Astro Boy*) originally written by Osamu Tezuka), a postcard of 1980 Astro Boy flying, a small bookmark (a reel from the film inside a plastic cover), and Astro\\'s blueprints from the film.\n\n### Critical response\nOn the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of based on reviews, with an average score of . The website\\'s critical consensus reads, \\\"While it isn\\'t terribly original, and it seems to have a political agenda that may rankle some viewers, *Astro Boy* boasts enough visual thrills to please its target demographic.\\\" On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 53 out of 100 based on 22 critics, indicating \\\"mixed or average reviews\\\".","parent_id":"524b575294df32419c65","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"524b575294df32419c65:7","document_content":"# Astro Boy (film)\n### Critical response\nOwen Gleiberman of *Entertainment Weekly* gave the film a B and wrote that it had a \\\"little too much lost-boys-and-girls mopiness\\\", but \\\"*Astro Boy* is a marvelously designed piece of cartoon kinetics\\...\\\" Glenn Whipp of the *Los Angeles Times* gave the mixed review claiming \\\"The kids won\\'t get it but will enjoy the big, climactic robot rumpuses, which owe a heavy debt to Brad Bird\\'s *The Iron Giant* (1999)\\\". Manohla Dargis of *The New York Times* gave it a mixed review, criticizing the film\\'s confused tonal mixture of darkness and \\\"commercially motivated\\\" optimism. Conversely, Roger Ebert gave the film three out of four stars, stating that \\\"The movie contains less of its interesting story and more action and battle scenes than I would have preferred. \\... Still, *Astro Boy* is better than most of its recent competitors, such as *Monsters vs.\u00a0Aliens* and *Kung Fu Panda*.\\'\\\"\n\n### Box office\nThe film was a flop in Japan, appearing at the bottom of the opening week\\'s Top 10 rankings and earning only \\$328,457. Conversely, the film was very successful in China, breaking a box-office record for a CGI animated film. This follows the same pattern as *Dragonball Evolution* (2009) and *Speed Racer* (2008), other American-produced films based on Japanese sources that were not big hits in the land of their origin but were very successful in China. The film also was a box office bomb in the U.S., opening at #6, grossing \\$6.7 million, losing out to the similarly retro *Where the Wild Things Are* (2009). It remained in the Top 10 for three weeks. When it closed in January 2010, it had a total gross of \\$20 million. Due to these factors, the film would only produce a worldwide gross of \\$44.6 million against a \\$65 million budget.\nFollowing the mixed reviews and financial failure, these are results that drawn comparisons between it.","parent_id":"524b575294df32419c65","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"524b575294df32419c65:8","document_content":"# Astro Boy (film)\n### Box office\n- Originally, Astro Boy\\'s human basis was named Tobio Tenma in the manga, but is renamed to Toby in the film.\n- Tobio was killed in a car accident from the manga; Toby is vanished by the Peacekeeper via destroying the shield from the film.\n- Dr.\u00a0Elefun was used in the 2003 anime series into the film.\n- Despite being an anti-hero or the main antagonist from the anime and manga series, the only version is this film where Tenma redeems himself as a supporting character before both comes to accept Astro Boy as a true son and successfully makes amends with him.\n- In the manga, Hamegg is an antagonistic circus ringmaster who buys Astro from Dr.\u00a0Tenma; In the film, Hamegg is an inventor who was at first friendly towards Astro but later being an abusive arena mastermind and forced Astro to participate and fight in the battle ring after finding out Astro was a robot.\nA video game based on the film was released on October 20, 2009, by D3 Publisher to coincide with the film\\'s theatrical release. The Wii, PlayStation 2 and PSP versions were developed by High Voltage Software, and the Nintendo DS version by Art Co., Ltd.","parent_id":"524b575294df32419c65","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"491232830ccc5d1f1ff1:0","document_content":"# Five Shaolin Masters\n**Five Shaolin Masters** a.k.a. ***5 Masters Of Death*** (Chinese: \u5c11\u6797\u4e94\u7956) is a 1974 Shaw Brothers kung fu film directed by Chang Cheh, with action choreography by Lau Kar Leung and Lau Kar Wing.\nThe film focuses on Shaolin\\'s historic rivalries with the Qing Dynasty.\nHu Te et al.\u00a0escape the burning Shaolin temple after the Qing soldiers destroyed it in *Shaolin Temple*. The group of 5 decide to develop secret codes to identify fellow patriots, enlist those patriots and eventually meet up again to escape to the south away from the Qings, and also identify the traitor who sold out Shaolin temple. Ma Fu Yi (the traitor, played by Wang Lung Wei), joins the Qing top fighters to eliminate the rebels but is exposed by Ma Chao-Tsing who gets captured by Ma Fu Yi. Hu meets up with a group of Shaolin men secretly posing as bandits to rescue Ma as their leader is killed in the process, thus the bandits join the rest of the Shaolin patriots.\nSuffering continuous defeats at the hands of the Qing kung fu experts, the 5 patriots return to the Shaolin temple ruins to perfect their kung fu and take revenge for their destroyed temple and dead comrades.","parent_id":"491232830ccc5d1f1ff1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b0203fa5bc4bf1c6fcb4:0","document_content":"# Shaolin Temple (1976 film)\n***Shaolin Temple*** a.k.a. *Death Chambers* is a Shaw Brothers film directed by Chang Cheh. It is one of the Shaolin Temple themed martial arts films and concerns their rebellion against the Qings, with an all-star cast featuring the second and third generations of Chang Cheh\\'s stable of actors including David Chiang, Ti Lung, Alexander Fu Sheng and Chi Kuan-Chun, as well as cameo appearances by several of the actors that would later become collectively known as the Venoms mob. The film serves as a pseudo prequel to *Five Shaolin Masters*.\nThe film opens with the chief Shaolin Monks realizing that time is not on their side and they must train more fighters to fight the Qings. The monk Hai Hsien (Shan Mao) opposes this as he is secretly working for the court. Outside many men are sitting in front of the temple waiting to be accepted in, Fang Shih Yu (Alexander Fu Sheng), Ma Chao-hsing (Tony Liu) and others, as the temple tests the will of potential students by making them wait outside for days, eventually the two are accepted in for \\\"training\\\". Fang Shih Yu becomes frustrated immediately as Shaolin methods of teaching martial arts are rather obscure, although Ma Chao-hsing begins learning the five animal styles from the start.\nElsewhere, escaped Ming soldiers Tsai Te-cheng (Ti Lung), Hu Te-ti (David Chiang), Yen Yung-chun (Szu Shih), and Ma Fu Yi (Wang Lung Wei) arrive close to Shaolin looking for a place to hide from the Qing. Hu Te-ti suggests they go to Shaolin and they are instantly accepted, which frustrates three more students trying to get acceptance into the temple, Lin Kwong Yao (Kuo Chui), Huang Sung Han (Lee I Min), and Hu Hui Chien (Kuan-Chun Chi). The three are eventually accepted and begin their obscure training. Tsai Te-cheng learns the wing chun style from a strange female monk and Hu Te-ti learns the iron whip. This forces Hai Hsein to secretly go to the court and report to Prince Hoo (Lu Feng) that Shaolin has been training new fighters.","parent_id":"b0203fa5bc4bf1c6fcb4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b0203fa5bc4bf1c6fcb4:1","document_content":"# Shaolin Temple (1976 film)\nThe Qing scheme to destroy Shaolin. Hai Hsein returns to Shaolin looking to recruit more traitors to set up the temple for a raid. All the accepted students become close friends and proficient in their kung fu, except for Fang Shih Yu (who is unknowingly learning tiger boxing but is impatient). He keeps getting into fights with Ma Fu Yi, who is disgruntled with being at Shaolin. A mysterious figure at night (perhaps his friend Ma Chao-sing) begins teaching Fang Shih Yu the tiger-crane style and he defeats Ma Fu Yi in a friendly spar. This sparks the curiosity of Hai Hsein as he takes Ma Fu Yi under his wing and recruits him as a traitor. Things begin to go sour at the temple due to the treachery of Hai Hsein and Ma Fu Yi and it is eventually attacked by thousands of Qing soldiers, and an all-out battle occurs at Shaolin Temple with only eight Shaolin devotees escaping the ensuing massacre.\n- David Chiang -- Hu Te-Ti\n- Ti Lung -- Tsai Te-Cheng\n- Yueh Hua -- Li Se Kai\n- Wang Chung -- Fang Ta Hung\n- Tony Liu -- Ma Chao-Hsing\n- Wang Lung Wei -- Ma Fu Yi\n- Alexander Fu Sheng -- Fang Shih-Yu (Fong Sai-yuk)\n- Kuan Chun Chi -- Hu Hui Chien\n- Frankie Wei Hung -- Hung Hsi-Kuan\n- Kuo Chui -- Lin Kwong-Yao\n- Lee Yi-Min -- Huang Sung Han\n- Tang Yen-Tsan -- Chu Tao\n- Shan Mao -- Shaolin monk Hai Hsein\n- Chiang Sheng -- Shaolin monk Man Yue\n- Shih Szu -- Yen Yung-Chun\n- Ku Feng -- King Man Kuei\n- Lu Feng -- General Hu Pei-Chi\n- Tsai Hung -- General Ching\n- Wong Ching -- General Shin\n- Lo Mang -- Junior monk\n- Wei Pai -- Junior monk (slain by Manchu archers)","parent_id":"b0203fa5bc4bf1c6fcb4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b84d2ca568e5a4a287c2:0","document_content":"# Heroes Two\n***Heroes Two*** (\u65b9\u4e16\u7389\u8207\u6d2a\u7199\u5b98) (also known as *Kung Fu Invaders*) is a 1974 Hong Kong martial arts film directed by Chang Cheh. The film stars Alexander Fu Sheng and Chen Kuan Tai.\nHeroes Two begins with the burning of the Shaolin Temple, and chronicles the efforts of Fang Shi-yu (Alexander Fu Sheng) and Hung Si-kuan (Chen Kuan Tai) as they combat the forces of oppression, fighting alongside the Chinese revolutionaries. Manchurian General Che Kang (Zhu Mu) is a clever Warlord who capitalizes on the na\u00efvet\u00e9 of Fang Shi-yu. Neither man realizes that they fight for the Shaolin cause, and General Che Kang tricks Fang Shi-yu into believing that Hung Si-kuan is a renegade bandit. With the help of the General\\'s henchmen, Fang Shi-yu defeats a bloodied Hung Si-kuan. Then the tough rebel is put into shackles inside the General\\'s castle. Word quickly spreads that Fang Shi-yu beat the unbeatable Shaolin hero, and the local faction of the rebellion attacks the unknowing Fang Shi-yu for his rash actions. When the rebel leader reveals the true nature of Hung Si-kuan, Fang Shi-yu is beside himself. The na\u00efve martial artist initially intends to correct his mistake by sneaking into the General\\'s dungeon and liberating his cohort from the grasp of the Manchurians. However, General Che Kang himself is a powerful Kung Fu practitioner who foils Fang Shi-yu\\'s plans. Once Fang Shi-yu joins his Rebel brothers, they devise a plan to tunnel into the underground prison and rescue Hung Si-kuan. After several tenuous attempts at freeing him, the Shaolin heroes succeed in their task. Now reunited, Fang Shi-yu, Hung Si-kuan, and their Rebel brothers must endure the assault of General Che Kang and his Manchurian army.\n*Heroes Two* was released in Hong Kong on January 19, 1974. It grossed 1.363 million Hong Kong dollars.\nIn a contemporary review, the *Monthly Film Bulletin* referred to the film as \\\"a classic martial arts fable in which Chang Cheh respects both the historic and the mythic context of the arts themselves\\\" and that the film \\\"may be a lesser work\\\" than *Men From the Monastery*, but it is \\\"nevertheless one of great visual power and integrity.\\\"","parent_id":"b84d2ca568e5a4a287c2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b84d2ca568e5a4a287c2:1","document_content":"# Heroes Two\nFrom retrospective reviews, *Sight & Sound* found that the film \\\"offers wall-to-wall kung-fu fighting - though the often routine choreography and monotonous thwack-thwack-thwack of the sound effects make it one for devoted fans only.\\\"","parent_id":"b84d2ca568e5a4a287c2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8884697267d2d9d84d68:0","document_content":"# The Emperor and His Brother\n***The Emperor and His Brother*** is a 1981 Hong Kong *wuxia* film based on Louis Cha\\'s novel *The Book and the Sword*. Produced by the Shaw Brothers Studio, the film was directed by Chor Yuen and starred Ti Lung, Jason Pai and Lo Lieh in the leading roles.\nThe Qianlong Emperor is not the legitimate successor to the throne since at birth he was exchanged with the Yongzheng Emperor\\'s newborn daughter. He learns the truth when two senior members of the Red Flower Society, a subversive anti-government secret organisation, contact him years later, hoping that the emperor will help them in driving the Manchus away. To hide the truth about his heritage, the emperor orders the two men to be killed, although one of them escapes and is captured again later. The Red Flower Society\\'s chief Chen Jialuo turns out to be Qianlong\\'s younger brother, and the two of them develop a tenuous relationship as the society\\'s members attempt to rescue their captured comrade. They unleash an elaborate plan to kidnap the emperor in exchange for their comrade, and hope to persuade the emperor to join their cause. When the exchange takes place, Qianlong must ultimately continue impersonating a Manchu in order to remain in power as ruler of the Qing Empire. Qianlong\\'s chief lieutenant, Zhang Zhaozhong, is bound and determined to wipe out Chen Jialuo and the Red Flower Society. His opportunity comes when a martial arts contest is scheduled to be held.","parent_id":"8884697267d2d9d84d68","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8884697267d2d9d84d68:1","document_content":"# The Emperor and His Brother\n- Ti Lung as Chen Jialuo \/ Chen Shiguan\n- Jason Pai as Qianlong Emperor\n- Lo Lieh as Zhang Zhaozhong\n- Ku Feng as Zhou Zhongying\n- Wen Hsueh-erh as Zhou Qi\n- Sun Chien as Xu Tianhong\n- Chan Kei-kei as Luo Bing\n- Tang Wai-ho as Wen Tailai\n- Ku Kuan-chung as Yu Yutong\n- Mandy Wong as Li Yuanzhi\n- Wong Yung as Lu Feiqing\n- Yeung Chi-hing as Zhao Banshan\n- Kent Cheng as Yang Chengxie\n- Chun Wong as Zhang Jin\n- Linda Chu as Yu Ruyi\n- Liu Lai-ling as Bian Wenlian\n- Yau Chiu-ling as Wu Chanjuan\n- Kwan Fung as Taoist Wuchen\n- Ngai Fei as Wei Chunhua\n- Yuen Wah as Chang Bozhi\n- Wong Chi-ming as Shi Shuangying\n- Lau Fong-sai as Xinyan\n- Lee Kin-chung as Zhou Yingjie\n- Teresa Ha as Mrs Zhou\n- Lau Siu-kwan as Meng Jianxiong\n- Wong Ching-ho as Song Shanpeng\n- Jing Miao as Li Kexiu\n- Yuen Ban as Bai Zhen\n- Keung Hon as Wu Jiadong\n- Shum Lo as Ma Shanjun\n- Kam Kwan as Yu Wanting\n- Ng Hong-sang as Chou Hu\n- Yeung Hung as Chou Long\n- Lam Sung-cheng as Long Tianxing","parent_id":"8884697267d2d9d84d68","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"73d36e2cb2c0aa4bc741:0","document_content":"# Fong Sai-yuk II\n***Fong Sai-yuk II***, also known as ***The Legend II*** and ***The Legend of Fong Sai-yuk II***, is a 1993 Hong Kong martial arts comedy film directed by Corey Yuen, and also produced by and starring Jet Li as Chinese folk hero Fong Sai-yuk. The film is a sequel to *Fong Sai-yuk*, which was released earlier in the same year. Two former Miss Hong Kong Pageant winners, Michelle Reis and Amy Kwok, portrayed Fong Sai-yuk\\'s wives.\nFong Sai-yuk and his wife, Ting-ting, are now full-fledged members of the Red Flower Society, a secret society seeking to overthrow the Qing dynasty. The society\\'s leader is Fong\\'s godfather, Chan Ka-lok, who intends to groom Fong to become his successor. Chan\\'s deputy, the ruthless Yu Chun-hoi, stands in Fong\\'s way and tries to harm him. The society\\'s members are unaware that Chan is actually a long-lost younger brother of the Qianlong Emperor. Although Chan is faithful to the society\\'s cause, he fears that the members might renounce their loyalty to him if they discover his true identity. Meanwhile, some Japanese r\u014dnin find evidence of Chan\\'s true identity and attempt to pass it to the Qianlong Emperor in a red box.","parent_id":"73d36e2cb2c0aa4bc741","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"73d36e2cb2c0aa4bc741:1","document_content":"# Fong Sai-yuk II\nChan sends Fong and others on a mission to intercept the r\u014dnin and retrieve the evidence, but Fong is distracted by a damsel in distress and focuses on rescuing her instead. At a critical moment, when Fong is almost killed by the r\u014dnin, his mother, Miu Tsui-fa, shows up and saves him. Despite so, the r\u014dnin get away and pass the evidence to Suen Si-ngai, the Viceroy of Guangdong province. The woman whom Fong rescued earlier is Suen On-yee, the viceroy\\'s daughter. Chan plans for Fong to woo Suen On-yee and extricate the red box from her. Fong enters a martial arts contest that the viceroy arranges to win On-yee\\'s hand in marriage and use the opportunity to steal the Red Box. Suen On-yee, meanwhile, has fallen in love with Fong and marries out of real love. However, the viceroy is aware of Fong\\'s true intention in the marriage so he sends soldiers to capture Fong. Suen On-yee manages to persuade her father to release Fong by threatening to commit suicide.","parent_id":"73d36e2cb2c0aa4bc741","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"73d36e2cb2c0aa4bc741:2","document_content":"# Fong Sai-yuk II\nFong returns to the Red Flower Society with the red box, but lies that he has failed in his mission because he does not want Yu Chun-hoi to steal the evidence and use it to defame Chan. Since Fong had promised earlier that he would permanently disable himself if he fails the mission, Yu Chun-hoi malevolently reminds Chan to abide by the agreement. Chan cripples Fong, rendering him unable to practise martial arts again. However, Chan had pretended to disable Fong by inflicting him with superficial wounds only, so Fong recovers quickly. Meanwhile, Yu incites the society\\'s members to turn against Chan and seizes the leadership position. Yu then sends his men to kill Fong in order to silence him. Fong manages to escape but his mother is captured by Yu. To save his mother, Fong returns and fights his way through the men, heroically blindfolding himself so that he will not see his former fellows spilling blood. Fong confronts Yu, and kills him after an intense fight. He rescues his godfather from prison and restores him to the leadership position. In the end, Fong\\'s two wives come to terms with each other and talk and behave in absolute unison. Fong declares that he will retire from the martial artists\\' community and spend the rest of his life with his family.\n- Jet Li as Fong Sai-yuk\n- Josephine Siao as Miu Tsui-fa\n- Adam Cheng as Chan Ka-lok\n- Michelle Reis as Lui Ting-ting\n- Amy Kwok as Suen On-yee\n- Corey Yuen as Lee Kwok-bong\n- Ji Chunhua as Yu Chun-hoi\n- Peter Chan as Magu\nIn the United Kingdom, the film (released as *The Legend II*) was watched by viewers on television in 2004, making it the year\\'s third most-watched foreign-language film on television (below *Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon* and *First Strike*). The original *Fong Say-yuk* (released as *Jet Li\\'s The Legend*) drew UK viewers the same year, adding up to a combined UK viewership for both films in 2004.","parent_id":"73d36e2cb2c0aa4bc741","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"73d36e2cb2c0aa4bc741:3","document_content":"# Fong Sai-yuk II\n### American version\nThe DVD release published by Dimension is dubbed in English and contains different music cues compared to the original Hong Kong Universe version. The Hong Kong prints come in different releases such as Universe Old version DVD (embedded subtitles), Universe Remastered DVD (optional subs), Universe VCD (embedded subtitles, based on the old release), and the Tai Seng VHS (also based on the old release). The American version, released as *The Legend II*, cuts out a scene where Lee Kwok-Bong is naked while leaving the rest of the film intact. The remastered Universe DVD maintains a red tint throughout the entire film except in night scenes.\n\n### Taiwanese version\nThe Taiwanese version, released as *Gongfu Huangdi 2* (\u529f\u592b\u7687\u5e1d2; *Kungfu Emperor 2*) and dubbed in Mandarin, is distributed by Scholar\/Taiwan and runs longer than all other versions. The opening sequence of the film shows a white screen with red Chinese credits. The Hong Kong version has English credits while the Taiwanese version does not. The following are some scenes that have been omitted in all other versions:\n1.  Flashback scenes at the beginning, featured in colour and not in black and white as in the Hong Kong version. There is an additional scene of Miu Tsui-fa talking and eating at the same time and another scene showing Fong Sai-yuk as a child. Some flashback scenes from the previous film have been omitted as well.\n2.  A dialogue after Ting-ting says, \\\"You only care for your mom, not me!\\\". There is a scene of Chan Ka-lok saying, \\\"Sai-yuk, let\\'s go\\\".\n3.  The bath scene showing Lee Kwok-bong\\'s bare bottom has been cut from the Taiwanese version for print damage and nudity.\n4.  Final fight scene: An extended scene of Yu Chun-hoi stamping on Fong Sai-yuk\\'s face.\nThe Taiwanese version contains Jet Li\\'s original voice in Mandarin. The up and down black bars move up and down because of film transfer and does not feature the red tint featured in the Hong Kong remastered DVD.","parent_id":"73d36e2cb2c0aa4bc741","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7a55e52390262927b526:0","document_content":"# The Decoy (2006 film)\n***The Decoy*** (2006) is a Western film that was shot in 2005 and finished in 2007 by Higgins\/Kreinbrink Productions, an Arizona motion picture company.\nThe story focuses on a mute blacksmith who is blamed for the murder of his surrogate parents. He must find a way to prove his innocence before his brother in law, a deputy named John, can bring him to Tucson, where he will be quickly tried and hung.\n*The Decoy* was initially planned as a short film based on a 35 page script. At the end of principal photography, they ended up with a 70-minute movie, mostly due to the amount of time needed to show the reactions of the main character, who is mute. Filming took place over seventeen weeks and overall production took eighteen months. Kreinbrink was approached by several individuals interested in helping with the filming and production process of a Western.\n*The Decoy* premiered in 2006 at The Fox Theatre in Tucson, AZ and was released on home video in 2007 through Echo Bridge Home Entertainment.\n*True West Magazine* was critical in their review, noting that \\\"I'd hope that Kreinbrink's next shot at a Western is more ambitious and less sentimental, and a tad less pretty; I get the feeling he'd be good at something darker and considerably more detailed.\\\" Michael Pitts was more favorable, stating that it was a \\\"Low budget but enjoyable affair\\\".\n- link AZ Star\n- link Tucson Citizen","parent_id":"7a55e52390262927b526","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8ebabed850a924d0e482:0","document_content":"# Diary (2006 film)\n***Diary*** (also known as *Mon seung*) is a 2006 Cantonese-language thriller film directed by Oxide Pang.\nWinnie Leung (Charlene Choi), a dour loner of a young woman, spends her days in her apartment, cooking meals, carving wooden dolls and waiting for her boyfriend, Seth Lau (Shawn Yue) to come home. One day, she records in her diary, \\\"Today Seth left, without a sound.\\\"\nShe then ventures outside and sees a man named Ray (also Shawn Yue), and invites him back to her apartment for a meal. She says that her ex-boyfriend, Seth, died in a car accident and asks him to stay with her. Ray took pity and ended up living with her. But in spite of this, Winnie was in the habit of mentioning Seth every time much to Ray\\'s annoyance. She even goes as far as comparing Seth\\'s police academy failure when Ray showed intention.\nA scene on the market shows us Winnie having a hard time dealing with short term memory. She went in a petty argument with a fish vendor claiming to have given a 500 bill even though she hasn\\'t. She left feeling cheated, only to come back to the same vendor and later on realizing she already has bought fish. Coming back to their house, Ray is found sitting on the sofa. Winnie tried to start a conversation with him only to be met with coldness like as if she isn\\'t there.","parent_id":"8ebabed850a924d0e482","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8ebabed850a924d0e482:1","document_content":"# Diary (2006 film)\nDinner came. She resumed engaging in small talk until Ray started to accuse her of lying. Their voices started to rise, agitating Winnie that to prove her point, she procured her diary facing open to Ray\\'s face. Her confidence on the truth she knows was met with skepticism when she saw the fear in Ray\\'s eyes. She read the entry herself and was equally shocked at what she wrote. She tried to calm herself by resuming her meal and encouraging Ray to do the same. Winnie promised that they leave as soon as they finish their meal but Ray went limp, not attempting to do as told. This act made her go into another episode of rage. She started shoving food on his face onto which he didn\\'t attempt to fight. The reality she knows started to fade and melt in with what is currently happening, revealing the instances on how she have lured Ray and detaining him. Eventually, Winnie\\'s instability made her kill Ray assuming that he\\'s having an affair with a lady voice over the phone.\nLater on Winnie\\'s neighbors began to smell something foul coming from her apartment. She was reported to the police for questioning. Winnie cited an Yvonne Ho being the mastermind. When the police came for Yvonne we are then showed the exact faces of Winnie and Ray. Apparently, the psychotic Winnie assumes the personality of her former classmate and her ex-boyfriend, now husband of Yvonne. Winnie resumes her fantasy, claiming how the reporter on the TV sends her personal messages through his reporting.\n- Charlene Choi as Winnie \/ Yee\n- Shawn Yue as Seth\/Ray\n- Isabella Leong as Yee \/ Winnie","parent_id":"8ebabed850a924d0e482","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"aa3836c99e160a911a2c:0","document_content":"# Al-ayyam al-tawila\n***Al-ayyam al-tawila*** ( ; ) is a 1980 6-hour long biographical account of Saddam Hussein\\'s attempted assassination of Abd al-Karim Qasim in 1959, although some sources also list a running time of 150 minutes. It was filmed in 1980 and allegedly edited by Terence Young, who also directed three James Bond films. Video footage in the West has been limited to brief clips on news reports and documentaries.\nThe film starred Hussein\\'s cousin Saddam Kamal as Saddam and was directed by Tewfik Saleh.","parent_id":"aa3836c99e160a911a2c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6a7328b06ce1c044dbc6:0","document_content":"# Forest of Death (film)\n***Forest of Death*** is a 2007 Hong Kong horror film directed, co-produced and co-written by Danny Pang, starring Shu Qi and Ekin Cheng.\nPolice detective Ha Chun-chi (Shu Qi) is investigating a rape and murder that took place in a mysterious forest that has also been the scene of many suicides. The main suspect in the murder case is Patrick Wong (Lawrence Chou), but he denies committing the crime.\nHa\\'s investigation leads her to botanist Shum Shu-hoi (Ekin Cheng), who has been experimenting with plants from the forest. Shum\\'s girlfriend, May (Rain Li), feigns interest in the forest to gain information for a tabloid television show she works for.\nShum\\'s experiments reveal that the plants can act as witnesses in the murder case, and sets up a re-enactment of the crime in the forest, where the plants will act as lie detectors.\n- Shu Qi as Detective Ha Chun-chi\n- Ekin Cheng as Shum Shu-hoi\n- Rain Li as May\n- Lau Siu-ming as Mr.\u00a0Tin, the forest ranger\n- Lam Suet as Commissioner Wong\n- Tommy Yuen as Shu-hoi\\'s assistant\n- Lawrence Chou as Patrick Wong\n- Cub Chin as Producer\n*Forest of Death* was released on Region 3 DVD in Hong Kong by Universe Laser on 10 May 2007. It also screened out of competition at the 2007 Bangkok International Film Festival.","parent_id":"6a7328b06ce1c044dbc6","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"0730fd3a96d660d40da9:0","document_content":"# The Amazing Mr.\u00a0Blunden\n***The Amazing Mr.\u00a0Blunden*** is a 1972 British family mystery film involving ghosts directed by Lionel Jeffries. It was based on the 1969 novel *The Ghosts* by Antonia Barber. It stars Laurence Naismith, Lynne Frederick, Garry Miller, Rosalyn Landor, Marc Granger, Diana Dors, Madeline Smith, and James Villiers.\nIn 1918, war widow, Mrs.\u00a0Allen (Dorothy Alison) and her children, Lucy (Lynne Frederick), Jamie (Garry Miller) and baby Benjamin are reduced to living in a squalid Camden Town flat. Just before Christmas, a mysterious old man, Mr Frederick Percival Blunden (Laurence Naismith) visits the family, introducing himself as a representative of a firm of solicitors. The family are told there is an opportunity to become the caretakers of a derelict country mansion in the Home Counties named Langley Park, which was gutted by fire years before, and is now in the charge of the solicitors. Mrs.\u00a0Allen takes the post despite rumours that the house is haunted, her instructions to care for the property until such time as the heirs to the estate can be traced. The air of mystery deepens when the children see a portrait at the solicitors office of a man they believe to be Mr Blunden. The solicitor confirms this, but reveals that the portrait is of a man called Mr Blunden, who has been dead for a hundred years, the present Mr Blunden being his great-grandson.","parent_id":"0730fd3a96d660d40da9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"0730fd3a96d660d40da9:1","document_content":"# The Amazing Mr.\u00a0Blunden\nAfter they have settled into the new post, Lucy and Jamie see two ghostly figures in the grounds of the house: a teenage girl, Sara Latimer (Rosalyn Landor), and her younger brother, Georgie (Marc Granger). They are two children who lived in the house a century earlier. Sara tells them that she and her brother are orphans, under the care of their dissolute and hapless Uncle Bertie (James Villiers) and the solicitor Mr Blunden, until Georgie comes of age. Bertie marries a music hall performer, Bella Wickens (Madeline Smith) and her parents then move into Langley Park, ostensibly as the housekeeper and game keeper. The children come to suspect that Mrs.\u00a0Wickens (Diana Dors) and her disturbed violent husband (David Lodge) are plotting to kill them to get hold of Georgie\\'s inheritance. Sara and Georgie find a book with instructions for travelling through time, so that they can get help. Lucy and Jamie agree to travel back with them; they arrange to meet Sara the next day.\nJamie searches the graveyard, in the hope of finding nothing and being able to go back to help, knowing in advance that they will succeed. He and Lucy are shocked to find a gravestone marked with the names of both Sara and Georgie. The sexton explains that the two children died in a fire, whose anniversary turns out to be exactly a hundred years ago tomorrow. The children meet Mr Blunden who admits he has been tormented for over a hundred years because of the events but promises if they both help no harm will come to them. Lucy and Jamie drink the potion and travel back to 1818 in the hope of preventing the tragedy. There they meet Thomas the gardener who believes they are from America, and tells Lucy and Jamie that he wants to go there one day and make his fortune. Mr Blunden is visiting the house that night, but refuses to listen to Sara\\'s pleas for help.","parent_id":"0730fd3a96d660d40da9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"0730fd3a96d660d40da9:2","document_content":"# The Amazing Mr.\u00a0Blunden\nThat night the children are locked in a room above the library, and given a sleeping potion. Mr Wickens starts a fire in the library, trapping the children. Jamie helps Tom to save Sara, but when he tries to return for Georgie, he finds himself unable to get through the flames. Mr Blunden appears, and tells Jamie that they will go together, holding hands. Jamie is kept safe from the fire, but Mr Blunden suffers the pain that Jamie would have felt. Jamie and Mr Blunden save Georgie, with Blunden perishing in the fire as the staircase gives way, a serene smile on his face. The Wickens perish in the fire. Lucy and Jamie both return to 1918, but Jamie is unconscious and Lucy cannot tell their mother what has happened.\nAt the graveyard, Lucy discovers that the children\\'s gravestone has been replaced by another: that of Frederick Percival Blunden, the \\\"Good Shepherd\\\" who \\\"died to save the children in his care\\\". Jamie soon awakes and is overjoyed to hear that they have succeeded. Shortly after, the lawyer, Mr Clutterbuck (Graham Crowden), visits them and informs them that recently discovered documents show that Sara Latimer married Thomas and that their great-grandson was the late Mr.\u00a0Allen. This makes Jamie the rightful heir to the Langley Park.\nAt the end a car pulls up. When Mr Clutterbuck opens the door, sitting inside is Mr Blunden! But which one? The enigmatic phrase he greets them with (\\\"We three kings of Orient are\\\") is one they recognise from their first encounter. They have all the answers they need.\nThe film ends with the cast saying goodbye to the audience one by one as their names are shown on-screen.\n- Laurence Naismith as Frederick Percival Blunden\n- Lynne Frederick as Lucy Allen\n- Garry Miller as Jamie Allen\n- Rosalyn Landor as Sara Latimer\n- Marc Granger as Georgie Latimer\n- Diana Dors as Mrs.\u00a0Wickens\n- Dorothy Alison as Mrs.\u00a0Allen\n- James Villiers as Uncle Bertie\n- Madeline Smith as Bella Wickens\n- David Lodge as Mr.\u00a0Wickens\n- Stuart Lock as Thomas Mortimer\n- Deddie Davies as Miss Meakin\n- Graham Crowden as Mr.\u00a0Clutterbuck\n- Erik Chitty as Mr.\u00a0Claverton\n- Reg Lye as Sexton\n- Paul Eddington as Vicar","parent_id":"0730fd3a96d660d40da9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"0730fd3a96d660d40da9:3","document_content":"# The Amazing Mr.\u00a0Blunden\n### Casting\nLionel Jeffries originally promised Sally Thomsett the role of Lucy. She had been cast in the film but shortly before production began she was forced to withdraw from the film due to personal problems that she was dealing with at the time and Lynne Frederick replaced her.\nRosalyn Landor and Lynne Frederick had both just come off of auditioning and being turned down for the role of Alice in *Alice's Adventures In Wonderland* (1972) before being cast in this film. Diana Dors had a key support role.\nSpike Milligan, Gert Fr\u00f6be, Gene Wilder, David Niven, Michael Gough, David Tomlinson, Peter Cushing, Christopher Lee, Donald Pleasence and Robert Helpmann were all considered for the role of Mr.\u00a0Blunden.\n\n### Filming\nThe film was shot at Pinewood Studios in 1971 with location filming around the village and church at Hedgerley, Buckinghamshire. The fire-ravaged derelict stately home was in fact Heatherden Hall, on the estate of which the studios are located and which at that time served as administration offices for the production facilities. The film was passed uncut by the British Board of Film Censors with a U certificate (Suitable for all ages).\nLynne Frederick won the *Evening Standard* British Film Award for \\\"Best New Coming Actress\\\" in 1973 in part for her work on this film.\nLimited edition bluray was released in the UK on December 9, 2019 by Second Sight.\n- *The Amazing Mr.\u00a0Blunden*, a TV movie adaptation released in 2021, written and directed by Mark Gatiss.","parent_id":"0730fd3a96d660d40da9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"438fd0b8a6d6caf9f9e7:0","document_content":"# The Lover (1992 film)\n***The Lover*** () is a 1992 romantic drama film produced by Claude Berri and directed by Jean-Jacques Annaud. Based on the semi-autobiographical 1984 novel of the same name by Marguerite Duras, the film details the illicit affair between a teenage French girl and a wealthy Chinese man in 1929 French Indochina. The protagonist is portrayed by actress Jane March and her lover is portrayed by actor Tony Leung Ka-fai. The film also features Jeanne Moreau as a narrator.\nDevelopment began in 1989, with principal photography commencing in 1991. The film made its theatrical debut on 22 January 1992 in France, on 19 June in the United Kingdom, and in the United States on 30 October of the same year. The film was nominated for the 1992 Academy Award for Best Cinematography and won the Motion Picture Sound Editors\\' 1993 Golden Reel Award for \\\"Best Sound Editing\u00a0--- Foreign Feature\\\". It was nominated for seven C\u00e9sar Awards in France, winning the Award for Best Original Music. The film was a box office success in France and received generally positive reviews in Europe, while reviews from American critics were more mixed.\nThe primary characters are known only as The Young Girl and The Chinese Man. The events take place in Vietnam. The daughter of a bitter, fearful, poverty-stricken French family, living in a rural area, the girl is a pretty waif who wears an old linen dress and a fedora, and paints her lips bright red when out of her mother\\'s sight. Her weak-willed, widowed mother is a schoolteacher to local children. There is a violent, opium-smoking older brother, and a timid younger brother. The girl is a loner but an excellent student, who dreams of being a writer.","parent_id":"438fd0b8a6d6caf9f9e7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"438fd0b8a6d6caf9f9e7:1","document_content":"# The Lover (1992 film)\nThe girl meets the Chinese Man when crossing the river on the ferry to return to the city after a school holiday. He is the son of a businessman whose fortune was made in real estate, and has recently returned from Paris after finishing his business studies. He has the look but lacks the self-assurance of the playboy he fancies himself to be, and he is mesmerized the first time he sees her standing by the rail on a crowded ferry crossing the Mekong River. After some awkward conversation, she accepts a lift to Saigon in his chauffeur-driven limousine. In voice-over at the beginning of the film she says she is 15, but she tells him she is 17; he is 32. During the drive he tremulously takes her hand; at the end, his hand is in her lap. The following day, he waits for her outside her boarding school and takes her to the room in the Chinese quarter that he uses for entertaining mistresses.\nThey realize that \\\"a future together is unthinkable\\\" because she is scheduled to return to Paris soon, and he is to make an arranged marriage with a Chinese heiress. Aware of the limited time they have together, they fall into a relationship in which they shed all responsibilities that come with commitment. Every day after school, the girl goes to his room.\nThe girl\\'s family discovers the affair, and though at first furious, they condone it because the man is wealthy and can pay off some of their debts. Despite this added tension, the affair continues passionately. The man even goes so far as to beg his father for permission to be with her instead of entering into his arranged marriage, but his father would rather see him dead than with a white girl. Though devastated, the man marries his arranged bride, and the girl boards a ship days later to return to France.\nDecades later, she has become a successful writer. In the final scene, she tells us that the Chinese Man is visiting France and has telephoned her. He tells her that he has never stopped loving her, and never will.","parent_id":"438fd0b8a6d6caf9f9e7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"438fd0b8a6d6caf9f9e7:2","document_content":"# The Lover (1992 film)\n- Jane March as The Young Girl\n- Tony Leung Ka-fai as The Chinese Man\n- Fr\u00e9d\u00e9rique Meininger as The Mother\n- Arnaud Giovaninetti as The Elder Brother\n- Melvil Poupaud as The Younger Brother\n- Lisa Faulkner as Helene Lagonelle\n- Xiem Mang as The Chinese Man\\'s Father\n- Philippe Le Dem as The French Teacher\n- Ann Schaufuss as Anne-Marie Stretter\n- Jeanne Moreau as Narrator (voice)\nDirector Jean-Jacques Annaud initially collaborated with Marguerite Duras on the adaptation of her book, but creative differences between the pair led to Annaud working with writer G\u00e9rard Brach instead. Annaud and Brach changed the age of \\\"The Girl\\\" from 15\u00bd to 17 before deciding they would have her state in the beginning she is 15 while lying to her lover that she is 17, but tried to maintain the original structure and literary tone of the original novel. As with the Duras novel, none of the characters use names and are referred to in the credits as \\\"The Girl\\\" and \\\"The Man\\\". To find the actress who would play the girl, Annaud advertised in multiple cities in the United States and the United Kingdom and visited drama schools. However, it was Annaud\\'s wife who came upon a photograph of Jane March, a 16-year-old British model, in a teen fashion magazine and brought her to his attention.\nWhen filming began 14 January 1991, March was two months away from turning 18. Annaud chose to shoot the film in English instead of French in order to secure international distribution and to accommodate for the actress.","parent_id":"438fd0b8a6d6caf9f9e7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"438fd0b8a6d6caf9f9e7:3","document_content":"# The Lover (1992 film)\nAnnaud first flew to Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam in 1989 to view the original novel\\'s setting, but was greatly disappointed at the state of the country. In an interview with the *Los Angeles Times*, he stated that the \\\"best colonial hotel\\\" offered \\\"rats as big as this running through the corridors, spiders everywhere, and no air conditioning, of course. When we tried to use the sink, three drops of brown water---I presume from the Red River---came out of the faucet.\\\"\nHe initially decided against filming in the country and began scouting locations in Malaysia, Thailand and the Philippines---all countries that have been used as settings to represent Vietnam in other Western films. A year later, he returned to his original choice, feeling no other country could truly represent the \\\"tired museum\\\". According to Annaud and MGM Studios, it was the first Western film to be shot in the country since the reunification of the country in 1975.\nThe government welcomed the crew, providing them with a governmental helicopter for use during filming. However, the filmmakers were required to clear all production storyboards with officials before they could be filmed, and an official remained on set at all times. All of the film\\'s sexual scenes had to be shot in Paris as officials forbade them to be filmed on location. It took 135 days to complete filming, and due to the importation costs of shooting in Vietnam, the film cost \\$30 million to produce.\nAfter its completion, the film was first screened in Saigon where it was well received by the \\\"morally minded\\\" guests. *The Lover* debuted theatrically in France on 22 January 1992. Its first English release came in the United Kingdom 19 June 1992. The film was licensed for release in the United States by MGM Studios, but for its theatrical debut, it first had to get past opposition by the Motion Picture Association of America. The organization gave the original film an MPAA rating of NC-17. MGM appealed after cutting 12 minutes of the film. Coupled with pleas from Annaud, MGM, and a sex educator who argued that the cut version was no more illicit than the 1992 sexual thriller *Basic Instinct*, the film\\'s rating was changed to R. The film was released in American theaters on 30 October 1992.","parent_id":"438fd0b8a6d6caf9f9e7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"438fd0b8a6d6caf9f9e7:4","document_content":"# The Lover (1992 film)\nJane March was forced to deny rumors from British tabloids that she and Tony Leung Ka-fai did not simulate their sex scenes. Jean-Jacques Annaud had falsely implied the sex was real to boost publicity for the film, saying \\\"Whether it is simulated or experienced is of little importance to me,\\\" leading the tabloids to trumpet the rumor on their front pages for days. The publicity became so difficult for March and her family that she had a nervous breakdown and fled to the Seychelles to escape scrutiny. Annaud later admitted the sex was not real, saying \\\"I myself am flattered people believed the sex. But after a while it became embarrassing. I stopped doing press in England. It was a no-win situation.\\\"\n\n### Box office\nThe film was a box office success in France, taking in 626,891 admissions its opening weekend and playing in a total of 229 theaters. In total the film received 3,156,124 admissions in France, becoming the seventh-highest-grossing film of 1992. In the United States, *The Lover* grossed \\$4,899,194 in box office receipts during a limited release to 103 theaters.\nAn uncut version of the film was released to Region 1 DVD on 11 December 2001 with audio tracks in English and French and subtitles in English, French, and Spanish.","parent_id":"438fd0b8a6d6caf9f9e7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"438fd0b8a6d6caf9f9e7:5","document_content":"# The Lover (1992 film)\n### Box office\n*The Lover* was released on Blu-ray in Germany in 2011 under the title *Der Liebhaber*. It is not region locked and comes with subtitle and audio tracks available in German and English. It received a FSK ab 12 freigegeben rating.\nOn Rotten Tomatoes, *The Lover* holds a rating of 28% from 25 reviews. Vincent Canby of *The New York Times* praised the film, calling it \\\"something of a triumph\\\" and a \\\"tough, clear-eyed, utterly unsentimental\\\" film that was \\\"produced lavishly but with such discipline that the exotic locale never gets in the way of the minutely detailed drama at the center.\\\" He also complimented the performances of Tony Leung and Jane March, noting she is \\\"wonderful\\\" and a \\\"nymphet beauty\\\" in her film debut. The staff of *Variety* praised Leung\\'s performance as well, writing that he \\\"is excellent as the shiftless scion whose love for the girl makes him emotionally naked and vulnerable.\\\" David Ansen of *Newsweek* wrote: \\\"*The Lover*\\'s rarefied sensibility takes getting used to; once its spell is cast, you won\\'t want to blink.\\\"\nRoger Ebert of the *Chicago Sun-Times* compared the film to *Emmanuelle* or the *Playboy* and *Penthouse* erotic videos, \\\"in which beautiful actors and elegant photography provide a soft-core sensuality. As an entry in that genre, *The Lover* is more than capable, and the movie is likely to have a long life on video as the sort of sexy entertainment that arouses but does not embarrass.\\\" He continued, \\\"Is *The Lover* any good as a serious film? Not really. Annaud and his collaborators have got all of the physical details just right, but there is a failure of the imagination here; we do not sense the presence of real people behind the attractive facades of the two main actors.\\\"","parent_id":"438fd0b8a6d6caf9f9e7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"438fd0b8a6d6caf9f9e7:6","document_content":"# The Lover (1992 film)\n### Box office\nDesson Thomson of the *Washington Post* observed, \\\"Director Jean-Jacques Annaud and adapter Gerard Brach provide more than a few effective moments\\...But the story is dramatically not that interesting. After establishing the affair and its immediate problems, *Lover* never quite rises to the occasion. Scratch away the steamy, evocative surface, remove Jeanne Moreau\\'s veteran-voiced narration, and you have only art-film banalities.\\\"\nOwen Gleiberman of *Entertainment Weekly* gave the film a grade of C, calling it \\\"one more movie that titillates us with the prospect of taking sex seriously and then dampens our interest by taking it too seriously. Why do so many filmmakers insist on staging erotic encounters as if they were some sort of hushed religious ritual? The answer, of course, is that they\\'re trying to dignify sex. But sex isn\\'t dignified\u00a0--- it\\'s messy and playful and abandoned. In *The Lover*, director Jean-Jacques Annaud gives us the sweating and writhing without the spontaneity and surprise.\\\"\nIn the United Kingdom, Channel 4 noted \\\"the nameless characters bring to mind *Last Tango*\\'s search for identity through passion, and there\\'s a shade of *Ai No Corrida*\\'s intensity. But there is none of the substance that made those two films such landmarks of their genre, and while March and Leung are an attractive pair, the glossy look and aloof direction of the film leaves you cold.\\\"\nThe critic for *Time Out London* thought its \\\"sombre quality dignifies an otherwise shoddily directed movie\\\" that is \\\"basically a melancholic piece about the remembrance of times, places and passions lost.\\\" The critic felt the role of the Young Girl was \\\"altogether too complex for the inexperienced March to do more than simply embody.\\\"","parent_id":"438fd0b8a6d6caf9f9e7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"438fd0b8a6d6caf9f9e7:7","document_content":"# The Lover (1992 film)\n### Box office\nMarguerite Duras distanced herself from the finished film and said she wrote another version of the book in response to Annaud\\'s adaptation.\n*The Lover* was nominated for the 1992 Academy Award for Best Cinematography\nand won the 1993 Motion Picture Sound Editors\\' Golden Reel Award for \\\"Best Sound Editing\u00a0--- Foreign Feature\\\".\nAt the 1993 C\u00e9sar Awards in France, it was nominated for seven awards, winning in the category of Best Original Music for Gabriel Yared\\'s score.","parent_id":"438fd0b8a6d6caf9f9e7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cc7b5bda1cb182384178:0","document_content":"# Eagle Eye\n***Eagle Eye*** is a 2008 American action-thriller film directed by D. J. Caruso and with a screenplay by John Glenn, Travis Adam Wright, Hillary Seitz and Dan McDermott from a story by McDermott. The film stars Shia LaBeouf, Michelle Monaghan and Billy Bob Thornton. It follows two strangers who must go on the run together, after receiving a mysterious phone call from an unknown woman who uses information and communications technology to track them. The film premiered in traditional theaters and IMAX theaters on September 26, 2008 and grossed \\$178 million worldwide.\nIn January 2009, Stanford University dropout Jerry Shaw learns that his identical twin brother Ethan, an officer in the U.S. Air Force, has been killed. Following the funeral, Jerry is surprised to find \\$750,000 in his bank account and his apartment filled with illegal firearms and bomb making materials. He receives a phone call from a woman who warns that the FBI is about to arrest him and he needs to run. Jerry is caught by the FBI and interrogated by Supervising Agent Tom Morgan.\nWhile Morgan confers with Air Force OSI Special Agent Zoe P\u00e9rez, the woman on the phone arranges for Jerry\\'s escape and directs him to Rachel Holloman, a single mother. The woman on the phone is coercing Rachel by threatening her son Sam, who is aboard the *Capitol Limited* en route to the Kennedy Center in Washington, D.C. with his school band. The woman on the phone helps the two avoid law enforcement by controlling networked devices, including traffic lights, mobile phones, automated cranes, and even power lines.\nMeanwhile, the caller redirects a crystalline explosive to a gemcutter, who cuts it and fixes it into a necklace. Another man steals Sam\\'s trumpet in Chicago and fits the crystal\\'s sonic was the trigger into the tubing before forwarding it to Sam in Washington.","parent_id":"cc7b5bda1cb182384178","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cc7b5bda1cb182384178:1","document_content":"# Eagle Eye\nAgent Perez is summoned by Secretary of Defense George Callister to be read into Ethan\\'s job at the Pentagon. Ethan monitored the Department of Defense\\'s top-secret intelligence-gathering supercomputer, the Autonomous Reconnaissance Intelligence Integration Analyst (ARIIA; ). Callister leaves Perez with Major William Bowman and ARIIA to investigate Ethan Shaw\\'s death. Simultaneously, Rachel and Jerry learn that the woman on the phone is actually ARIIA, and that she has \\\"activated\\\" them according to the Constitution\\'s authorization to recruit civilians for the national defense.\nPerez and Bowman find evidence that Ethan Shaw hid in ARIIA\\'s chamber and leave to brief Callister. Afterwards, ARIIA smuggles Jerry and Rachel into her observation theater under the Pentagon. Both groups learn that after ARIIA\\'s recommendation was ignored and a botched operation in Balochistan resulted in the deaths of U.S. citizens, ARIIA concluded that \\\"to prevent more bloodshed, the executive branch must be removed.\\\" ARIIA is acting on behalf of \\\"We the People\\\", and cites the Declaration of Independence (\\\"whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it\\\").\nBelatedly, Jerry learns he has been brought to circumvent biometric locks placed by his twin that prevent ARIIA from actualizing Operation Guillotine, a military simulation of maintaining government after the loss of all presidential successors. Because Secretary Callister agreed with ARIIA\\'s abort recommendation regarding Balochistan, he is to be the designated survivor and new president after the crystal detonates at the State of the Union (SOTU).\nAnother of ARIIA\\'s agents extracts Rachel from the Pentagon and gives her a dress and the explosive necklace to wear to the SOTU. Sam\\'s school band has also been redirected to the United States Capitol to play for the president, bringing the trigger in Sam\\'s trumpet and the explosive together. Jerry is recaptured by Agent Morgan, who has become convinced of Jerry\\'s innocence. Before sacrificing himself to stop an armed MQ-9 Reaper sent by ARIIA, Morgan gives Jerry his weapon and ID with which to gain entrance to the Capitol. Arriving in the House Chamber, Jerry fires the handgun in the air to disrupt the concert before being shot and wounded by the Secret Service.","parent_id":"cc7b5bda1cb182384178","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cc7b5bda1cb182384178:2","document_content":"# Eagle Eye\nSometime later, in April 2009, Callister reports that ARIIA has been decommissioned and recommends against building another; the Shaw twins and Agents Perez and Morgan receive awards for their actions; and Jerry attends Sam\\'s birthday party, earning Rachel\\'s gratitude and a kiss.\n- Shia LaBeouf as Jerry Shaw\/Ethan Shaw\n- Michelle Monaghan as Rachel Holloman, a woman who is being coerced by ARIIA.\n- Julianne Moore as the voice of the super computer ARIIA, aka the \\\"unknown woman\\\".\n- Rosario Dawson as Zo\u00eb Perez, an Air Force Office of Special Investigations (OSI) Agent.\n- Michael Chiklis as George Callister, the US Secretary of Defense.\n- Anthony Mackie as Major William Bowman\n- Ethan Embry as Toby Grant, an FBI agent.\n- Billy Bob Thornton as Tom Morgan, an FBI agent.\n- Anthony Azizi as Ranim Khalid\n- Cameron Boyce as Sam Holloman, Rachel\\'s son.\nRosario Dawson receiving a safety briefing from Special Agent Patrick McGee while researching her role as an AFOSI agent.\nScreenwriter Dan McDermott wrote the original script for *Eagle Eye* based on an idea by Steven Spielberg, who had been inspired by Isaac Asimov\\'s short story \\\"All the Troubles of the World.\\\" The studio DreamWorks then bought McDermott\\'s script and set up the project to potentially be directed by Spielberg. When the director became busy with *Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull*, he dropped out of the project. Director D. J. Caruso, who directed the 1996 TV series *High Incident* under Spielberg\\'s executive production, replaced the director in helming *Eagle Eye*, with Spielberg remaining as executive producer. In June 2007, actor LaBeouf, who was involved in Spielberg\\'s and Caruso\\'s 2007 film *Disturbia* and *Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull*, re-joined the director and executive producer to star as the lead in *Eagle Eye*. McDermott\\'s script was rewritten by screenwriters John Glenn, Travis Wright, and Hillary Seitz in preparation for production. Filming began on November 6, 2007 and wrapped in February 2008. The film\\'s visual effects were created by Sony Pictures Imageworks.","parent_id":"cc7b5bda1cb182384178","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cc7b5bda1cb182384178:3","document_content":"# Eagle Eye\nCaruso said by the time the film came to fruition twelve years later, \\\"the technology had finally caught up to the storytelling\\... Everybody has a BlackBerry on their belt, and we think we\\'re constantly being tracked. It\\'s less science fiction than when Steven Spielberg conceived it.\\\" Caruso wanted to bring a gritty, 1970s-era sensibility to the film. Accordingly, a key chase scene in a high-tech package-processing hub on conveyor belts was shot without the use of computer-generated imagery. \\\"It was like *Chutes and Ladders* for adults. It was pretty dangerous, and a lot of fun.\\\" While filming the scene, Monaghan suffered a welt after a cable brushed her neck and Caruso hit his head on a protruding bolt, and a cameraman suffered a puncture wound requiring stitches.\nThe music to *Eagle Eye* was composed by Brian Tyler, who recorded the score with an 88-piece ensemble of the Hollywood Studio Symphony at the Sony Scoring Stage. The session was interrupted by the Chino Hills earthquake on July 29, 2008---and a recording of the quake hitting the scoring stage is online.\nThe official website features an ARG type of gameplay system to promote the film. The voice previewed behind the phone in multiple trailers contacts the player, placing them in unique experiences. This has been called the \\\"Eagle Eye Freefall Experience\\\". While official cast listings do not list the name of the actress behind the mysterious voice featured in the film and trailers, Rosario Dawson confirmed at the Hollywood premiere that it belongs to Julianne Moore.\n\n### Box office\nEntertainment Weekly predicted the opening weekend could be as high as \\$31 million. The film grossed \\$29.1 million from 3,510 theaters in the United States and Canada, taking the number one position at the box office. The film went on to gross \\$101.4 million in the United States and Canada and \\$76.6 million in other territories for a worldwide total of \\$178 million, against a production budget of \\$80 million.","parent_id":"cc7b5bda1cb182384178","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cc7b5bda1cb182384178:4","document_content":"# Eagle Eye\n### Critical response\nOn Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 26% based on 183 reviews, with an average rating of 4.70\/10. The site\\'s critical consensus reads, \\\"*Eagle Eye* is a preposterously plotted thriller that borrows heavily from other superior films.\\\" Metacritic gave the film an average score of 43 out of 100, based on reviews from 28 critics, indicating \\\"mixed or average reviews\\\". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of \\\"B+\\\" on an A+ to F scale.\nRoger Ebert of the *Chicago Sun-Times* gave the film two out of four, saying: \\\"The word \\'preposterous\\' is too moderate to describe *Eagle Eye*. This film contains not a single plausible moment after the opening sequence, and that\\'s borderline. It\\'s not an assault on intelligence. It\\'s an assault on consciousness.\\\" James Berardinelli of ReelViews gave the film one and a half stars out of four, saying: \\\"This movie tests the viewing public\\'s tolerance for enduring crass stupidity when the payoff is a series of repetitive, ADD-infected chase scenes. Director D.J. Caruso does a moderately good job of hiding how incredibly dumb this screenplay is by keeping things moving at such a whirlwind pace that a lot more seems to be happening than actually is. In reality, the chase scenes don\\'t mean anything because they don\\'t advance the plot---it\\'s mice on a treadmill, running and running and not getting anywhere.\\\" *The Hollywood Reporter* called it a \\\"slick, silly techno-thriller\\\" and \\\"Even those who surrender all disbelief at the door will be hard pressed not to smirk at some of the wildly improbable plotting.\\\"","parent_id":"cc7b5bda1cb182384178","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cc7b5bda1cb182384178:5","document_content":"# Eagle Eye\n### Critical response\nJosh Rosenblatt of *The Austin Chronicle* enjoyed the film, calling it \\\"good, manic fun plus a heavy dose of political intrigue adding up to two hours of clamorous, mind-numbing nonsense,\\\" calling it \\\"*Transporter 2* on crack.\\\" William Arnold of the *Seattle Post-Intelligencer* also gave *Eagle Eye* a positive review, remarking that it\\'s \\\"engrossing as an intellectual puzzle\\\" and \\\"a solid thriller.\\\" Mark Bell of *Film Threat* said: \\\"the film isn\\'t a complete waste of your time \\... but don\\'t expect anything brilliant.\\\" Neely Tucker of *The Washington Post* said that *Eagle Eye* is \\\"sometimes entertaining\\\" but \\\"doesn\\'t have much to say.\\\" Lisa Schwarzbaum of *Entertainment Weekly* called it \\\"A brain-squandering thriller.\\\" Robert Koehler of *Variety* felt that the film\\'s \\\"first 35 minutes sizzle\\\" but \\\"the story becomes near-parody in the final act.\\\"\n\n### Accolades\n*Eagle Eye* was a nominee for a 2009 Saturn Award for Best Science Fiction Film and was nominated by the Visual Effects Society Awards in the category of Outstanding Supporting Visual Effects in a Feature Motion Picture.\n*Eagle Eye* was released on DVD and Blu-ray only in select stores on December 26, 2008, exactly three months after its theatrical release, September 26, 2008. In the first week on the DVD sales chart, *Eagle Eye* sold 182,592 units which translated to in revenue. In the second week, sales rose significantly to 1,044,682 for that week, opening at No.\u00a01 and earning for that week. As per the latest figures, 2,181,959 units have been sold, bringing in \\$38,008,436 in revenue. This does not include Blu-ray sales or DVD rentals.\nThe next day, it was released nationwide. iTunes released it a month later as a rental and buy.\nA mobile game based on the film was developed and published by Magmic Games. It was released for BlackBerry, Windows Mobile, BREW, and Java ME devices prior to the film\\'s launch in early September. There are also two games on the film\\'s web site.","parent_id":"cc7b5bda1cb182384178","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cc7b5bda1cb182384178:6","document_content":"# Eagle Eye\n### Accolades\n- *Billion Dollar Brain*\n- Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency\n  - Combat Zones That See\n- List of films featuring drones\n- List of films featuring surveillance","parent_id":"cc7b5bda1cb182384178","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"30b4822ab5b83a6dcf47:0","document_content":"# The Day the Earth Stood Still (2008 film)\n***The Day the Earth Stood Still*** is a 2008 American science fiction drama film and a loose adaptation of the 1951 film of the same name. The screenplay by David Scarpa is based on the 1940 science fiction short story \\\"Farewell to the Master\\\" by Harry Bates and the 1951 screenplay adaptation by Edmund H. North.\nDirected by Scott Derrickson and starring Keanu Reeves as Klaatu, this version replaces the Cold War theme of nuclear warfare with the contemporary issue of humankind\\'s environmental damage to the planet. It follows Klaatu, an alien sent to try to change human behavior or eradicate humans from Earth.\nThe film was originally scheduled for release on May 9, 2008, but was released on a roll-out schedule beginning December 12, 2008, screening in both conventional and IMAX theaters. The critical reviews were mainly negative, and Rotten Tomatoes calls the film \\\"heavy on special effects, but without a coherent story at its base\\\". In its opening week, the film took the top spot at the U.S. box office and went on to gross over \\$233 million worldwide. *The Day the Earth Stood Still* was released on home video on April 7, 2009.\nIn 1928, a solitary mountaineer exploring the Karakoram mountains in India encounters a glowing sphere. He loses consciousness and when he wakes, the sphere has gone and there is a scar on his hand where a sample of his DNA has been taken.\nIn the present day, a rapidly moving object is detected beyond Jupiter\\'s orbit and forecast to impact Manhattan. It is moving at 30,000 kilometers per second, fast enough that its impact would destroy all life on Earth. The United States government hastily assembles a group of scientists, including Helen Benson and her friend Michael Granier, to develop a survival plan.","parent_id":"30b4822ab5b83a6dcf47","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"30b4822ab5b83a6dcf47:1","document_content":"# The Day the Earth Stood Still (2008 film)\nThe scientists travel to New York City to await for the object\\'s collision with Earth. As it nears the planet, the object slows down just before impact. Revealed to be a large spherical spaceship, it lands gently in Central Park and is quickly surrounded by NYPD and heavily armed US military forces. An alien emerges and Helen moves forward to greet it; but amidst the confusion, the alien is shot. A gigantic humanoid robot appears and temporarily disables everything in the vicinity by emitting a high pitched noise before the wounded alien voices the command \\\"Klaatu barada nikto\\\" to shut down the robot\\'s defensive response.\nThe alien\\'s exterior is found to be a bioengineered space suit, composed of placenta-like material covering a human-like being. After the bullet is extracted during surgery, the being quickly ages into Klaatu, who looks like the mountaineer from 1928. Klaatu informs Secretary of Defense Regina Jackson that he is a representative of a group of civilizations, sent to talk to the leaders of Earth about saving the planet. When Jackson instead sends him to be interrogated, Klaatu escapes and reconnects with Helen and her stepson, Jacob, telling them that he must finish his mission to \\\"save the Earth\\\".\nThe presence of the sphere and other smaller spheres that begin to appear all over the world cause widespread panic. The military launches a drone attack on the Central Park sphere, but is thwarted by the robot. The military takes a weapons-free approach, cautiously enclosing the robot, soon nicknamed \\\"GORT\\\" (for Genetically Organized Robotic Technology), and transporting it to the Mount Weather underground facility in Virginia.","parent_id":"30b4822ab5b83a6dcf47","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"30b4822ab5b83a6dcf47:2","document_content":"# The Day the Earth Stood Still (2008 film)\nKlaatu meets with another alien, Mr.\u00a0Wu, who has lived on Earth for 70 years. Wu tells Klaatu that he has found the human race to be destructive, stubborn and unwilling to change, which matches Klaatu\\'s experiences. Klaatu orders the smaller spheres to collect specimens of animal species, to preserve them for later reintroduction to the Earth. He clarifies for Helen that he means to save the Earth from destruction by humankind. When a New Jersey State Trooper attempts to take them into custody, Klaatu kills him and then promptly revives the officer, telling Helen and Jacob that he did this to simply disarm an obstacle to his mission.\nHoping to persuade Klaatu to change his mind about humanity, Helen takes him to the home of Professor Barnhardt, a Nobel Prize winner. They discuss how Klaatu\\'s race went through drastic, collaborative evolution to prevent the demise of their planet. Barnhardt pleads that Earth is at the same precipice, and humanity should be given a chance to understand that it too must change. While the adults are talking, Jacob calls the authorities to come and arrest Klaatu.\nWhile the military is examining GORT, the robot transforms into a swarm of winged, insect-like, nano-machines that self-replicate as they consume every man-made object in their path. The swarm soon devours the entire facility, emerging above ground to continue feeding.\nThe military captures Helen while Klaatu and Jacob escape on foot. As they travel, Klaatu learns more about humanity through Jacob. When Jacob contacts Helen and arranges to meet at his father\\'s grave, the Secretary sends her to try to change Klaatu\\'s mind. At the grave, Jacob is heartbroken that Klaatu cannot resurrect his long-dead father. As Helen and Jacob have a tear-filled reunion, Klaatu\\'s cumulative observations of humans convince him to stop the swarm.","parent_id":"30b4822ab5b83a6dcf47","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"30b4822ab5b83a6dcf47:3","document_content":"# The Day the Earth Stood Still (2008 film)\nGranier drives them to the Central Park sphere, but the swarm has reached massive proportions. Klaatu trudges through the swarm to the sphere, touching it moments before his own body is consumed. The sphere deactivates the swarm, saving humanity, but at the expense of electrical activity on Earth, per Klaatu\\'s warning that there will be \\\"a price to the human way of life.\\\" The giant sphere leaves the Earth.","parent_id":"30b4822ab5b83a6dcf47","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"30b4822ab5b83a6dcf47:4","document_content":"# The Day the Earth Stood Still (2008 film)\n- Keanu Reeves as Klaatu, an alien messenger in human form. Reeves dislikes remakes, but was impressed by the script, which he deemed a reimagining. He enjoyed the original film as a child and became fonder of it as an adult when he understood how relevant it was. Reeves acknowledged his Klaatu is \\\"inverted\\\" from the original, starting \\\"sinister and tough\\\" but becoming \\\"more human,\\\" whereas the original was \\\"more human than human\\\" before revealing his \\\"big stick\\\" in his ending speech. He compared the remake\\'s Klaatu to the wrathful God who floods the world in the Old Testament, but is gentle and forgiving by the time of the New Testament. He spent many weeks advising the script, trying to make Klaatu\\'s transition from alien in human form to one who appreciates their emotions and beliefs subtle and nuanced. Derrickson, the director, said that although Reeves would not use actions \\\"that are highly unusual or highly quirky,\\\" he nevertheless \\\"keeps you aware of the fact that this being you\\'re walking through this movie with is not a human being.\\\" At Reeves\\' insistence, the line \\\"Klaatu barada nikto\\\" was added to the script after initially being omitted. The line was recorded many times, and it was decided to combine two recordings: one where Reeves said it normally, and a reversed version where he said the line backwards, creating an \\\"alien\\\" effect.\n- Jennifer Connelly as Helen Benson, an astrobiologist at Princeton University who is recruited by the government to study Klaatu. Connelly was Derrickson\\'s first choice for the part. She is a fan of the original film and felt Patricia Neal\\'s original portrayal of Helen was \\\"fabulous,\\\" but trusted the filmmakers with their reinterpretation of the story and of Helen, who was a secretary in the original. Connelly emphasized that Helen is amazed when she meets Klaatu, as she never believed she would encounter a sentient alien like him after speculating on extraterrestrial life for so long. Connelly was dedicated to understanding her scientific jargon, with Seth Shostak stating she did \\\"everything short of writing a NASA grant application.\\\"\n- Jaden Smith as Jacob Benson, Helen\\'s eight-year old stepson. Jacob replaces the character of Bobby (Billy Gray) in the original, and his relationship with Helen was written as a microcosm of how Klaatu comes to see humanity---the alien sees their cold and distant relationship as normal human behavior, and their reconciliation forces him to change his mind. Smith said he found Jacob difficult to play because he felt the character \\\"opposite\\\" to his personality. Smith had met Reeves before on the set of *The Matrix* sequels, which featured his mother Jada Pinkett-Smith.\n- John Cleese as Professor Karl Barnhardt, a Nobel Prize-winning physicist who specializes in the evolutionary basis of altruism. Helen takes Klaatu to him to further change his mind. The role was the most difficult to cast, and eventually the filmmakers decided to approach Cleese, noting \\\"Who would you rather make the argument to Klaatu for mankind than John Cleese?\\\" Stoff, a producer, had met Cleese a few times beforehand and had noted his intellect. The actor was surprised the filmmakers were interested in him, and decided playing a dramatic role would be easier than to play a comedic one at his age. He was often reminded to speed up his dialogue so that Reeves would not appear in synchronicity with normal human speech patterns. Cleese said he is not interested in extraterrestrial life because he often philosophizes about the purpose of life and why humans are distracted by trivial matters. Cleese spoke about portraying abilities outside his own experience in the scene in which Klaatu corrects a complex mathematical formula Barnhardt has written on a blackboard: \\\"The trouble is, I had to be able to write the equation, because Barnhardt has been working on it for 60 years. I learned to carefully copy things down that mean nothing to me at all. In *A Fish Called Wanda*, I spoke a lot of Russian without having any idea what it means.\\\" The crew enjoyed working with Cleese and were sad when he finished filming his part.\n- Jon Hamm as Michael Granier, a NASA official who recruits Helen into his scientific team investigating Klaatu. Granier is fascinated by Klaatu, but is torn between his official obligation to detain the alien and protect his country. Hamm acknowledged science fiction was a niche genre when the original film was made, and that it used science fiction to make topical issues more approachable. Hamm had the same feelings for this remake. Originally, Hamm\\'s character was French and named Michel. Although he is interested in math and science, Hamm found his technical dialogue difficult and had to film his lines repeatedly.\n- Kathy Bates as Regina Jackson, the United States Secretary of Defense. Bates had only two weeks to film her scenes, so she often requested Derrickson act out her lines so she would directly understand his aims for her dialogue, rather than interpret vague directions.\n- Kyle Chandler as John Driscoll\n- Robert Knepper as Colonel Addelman\n- James Hong as Mr.\u00a0Wu\n- Brandon T. Jackson as Target Tech","parent_id":"30b4822ab5b83a6dcf47","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"30b4822ab5b83a6dcf47:5","document_content":"# The Day the Earth Stood Still (2008 film)\n### Development\nIn 1994, 20th Century Fox and Erwin Stoff had produced the successful Keanu Reeves film *Speed*. Stoff was at an office at the studio when he saw a poster for the 1951 film *The Day the Earth Stood Still*, which made him ponder a remake with Reeves as Klaatu.\nBy the time David Scarpa started writing a draft of the script in 2005, Thomas Rothman was in charge of Fox and felt a responsibility to remake the film. Scarpa felt everything about the original film was still relevant, but changed the allegory from nuclear war to environmental damage because \\\"the specifics of how we now have the capability to destroy ourselves have changed.\\\" Scarpa noted the recent events of Hurricane Katrina in 2005 informed his mindset when writing the screenplay. He scrapped Klaatu\\'s speech at the conclusion of the story because \\\"audiences today are unwilling to tolerate that. People don\\'t want to be preached to about the environment. We tried to avoid having our alien looking out over the garbage in the lake and crying a silent tear from the 1970s *Keep America Beautiful* ads.\\\"\nDirector Scott Derrickson admired the original film\\'s director Robert Wise, whom he met as a film student. He generally dislikes remakes, but he enjoyed the script, which he decided was a retelling of the story and not a true remake. He also explained that *The Day the Earth Stood Still* is not a widely seen classic film, unlike *The Wizard of Oz*, which he would not bother remaking. Derrickson\\'s benchmark was Philip Kaufman\\'s 1978 remake of *Invasion of the Body Snatchers*. Klaatu was made more menacing than in the original, because the director felt he had to symbolize the more complex era of the 2000s. There was debate over whether to have Klaatu land in Washington, D.C., as in the original; but Derrickson chose New York City because he liked the geometry of Klaatu\\'s sphere landing in Central Park. Derrickson also did not write in Gort\\'s original backstory, which was already absent from the script he read. He already thought the script was a good adaptation and didn\\'t want the negative connotations of fascism from the original film.","parent_id":"30b4822ab5b83a6dcf47","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"30b4822ab5b83a6dcf47:6","document_content":"# The Day the Earth Stood Still (2008 film)\n### Development\nAstronomer Seth Shostak served as scientific consultant on the film, reviewed the script several times for errors, gave suggestions for making the scientists appear less dry, and noted that they would refer to one another on a first-name basis. He said, \\\"Real scientists don\\'t describe an object entering the solar system as \\'notable for the fact that it was not moving in an asteroidal ellipse, but moving at nearly three times ten to the seventh meters per second.\\' More likely, they would say that there was \\'a goddamned rock headed our way!\\'\\\"\n\n### Filming\nFilming took place from December 12, 2007, to March 19, 2008, at Vancouver Film Studios, Vancouver Forum, Deer Lake, Jericho Park, and Simon Fraser University. The film was originally scheduled for release on May 9, 2008, but it was delayed until December 12, 2008, because filming commenced later than scheduled. By the time preproduction had started, Scarpa had written 40 drafts of the script. The film was mostly shot on sets because it was winter in Vancouver.\nDerrickson was fascinated by color schemes. He chose blue-green and orange as the primary colors for *The Day the Earth Stood Still*. The missile silo converted by the military for experimenting on Gort emphasized gray and orange, which was inspired by an image of lava flowing through a gray field. Derrickson opted to shoot on traditional film, and rendered the colors in post-production to make them more subtle, for realism.\nTo film Barnhardt and Klaatu writing equations on a blackboard, general relativity sums were drawn by Marco Peloso from the University of Minnesota and William Hiscock of Montana State University in faint pencil marks. Keanu Reeves and John Cleese drew over these in chalk.","parent_id":"30b4822ab5b83a6dcf47","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"30b4822ab5b83a6dcf47:7","document_content":"# The Day the Earth Stood Still (2008 film)\n### Filming\nAs Fox had a mandate to become a carbon neutral company by 2011, *The Day the Earth Stood Still*s production had an environmentally friendly regimen. \\\"Whether it was because of this movie thematically or it was an accident of time, there were certain things production-wise we\\'ve been doing and been asked to do and so on,\\\" said Erwin Stoff. To prevent the wasting of paper, concept art, location stills and costume tests were posted on a website created by the production for crew members to reference. Costumes were kept for future Fox productions or given to homeless shelters, rather than thrown away. Hybrid vehicles were used and crew members had orders to turn off their car engines if they sat in their vehicles for more than three minutes.\n\n### Effects\nGort and, behind him, the new biological spaceship resembling an orb\nWeta Digital created the majority of the effects, with additional work by Cinesite and Flash Film Works. The machines of Klaatu\\'s people have a biological basis rather than a mechanical one, as Derrickson theorized that their mastery of ecology would demonstrate their level of sophistication. Derrickson deemed a modern audience would find the original\\'s flying saucer amusingly obsolete and unique to the original\\'s milieu. The director also noted that the original *The Day the Earth Stood Still* had influenced many films, so his technicians needed to bring new ideas to the remake.\nThe effects team approached the new spacecraft\\'s design as inter-dimensional portals resembling orbs. The script had specified the inside of the orbs as a \\\"white limbo-y thing\\\", but visual-effects consultant Jeff Okun explained this was deleted for being too \\\"cheesy\\\". Derrickson felt not showing the inside of the ship, unlike the original, would make the audience more curious. As well as computer-generated spheres---such as Klaatu\\'s ship, or a orb that rises from the sea--- spheres, in diameter, were sculpted by Custom Plastics, which built spheres for Disney theme parks. The spheres were split in two to make transportation easier. It was difficult placing lights inside them without making them melt. The visual-effects team looked at natural objects, including water droplets and the surfaces of Jupiter and Saturn for the spheres\\' texture.","parent_id":"30b4822ab5b83a6dcf47","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"30b4822ab5b83a6dcf47:8","document_content":"# The Day the Earth Stood Still (2008 film)\n### Effects\nDerrickson emphasized a Trinity-like relationship between the sphere, Klaatu, and Gort. Klaatu is initially depicted as a radiant focus of sentient light. He is then depicted as a gray \\\"walking womb\\\" shape which finally takes on a completely human appearance. The filmmakers conceived the transitional form because they pondered the idea of humans mistaking space suits for alien skin. Computer-generated imagery and practical effects achieved the transformation. Todd Masters (*Slither*) directed the creation of the alien form, using thermal plastic and silicone.\nThe script described Gort as nanotechnology by the time the director signed on, although it did not specify Gort\\'s appearance. The 15th draft of the script had depicted the robot as a four-legged \\\"Totem\\\" that stands upright after firing its weapon beam. Okun explained there were many more \\\"horrific\\\" or \\\"amazing\\\" concepts, but it made sense that the robot would assume a familiar human shape. He cited the Monolith from the 1968 film *2001: A Space Odyssey* as an inspiration for Gort\\'s texture, noting \\\"it\\'s a simple shape, it has no emotion \\... it just simply is\\\", which makes Gort more frightening because the audience cannot tell what he is thinking. The animators estimated the computer-generated robot as tall, whereas in the original he was played by the Lock Martin. Gort\\'s computer model was programmed to reflect light, and the filmmakers spent time on motion-capture sessions to guide the performance. An actor wore weights on his hands and feet, allowing the animators to bring a sense of weight and power to Gort. His destructive capabilities were based on locust swarms, although the idea of metal-eating insects goes back to Stephen Vincent Ben\u00e9t\\'s 1933 poem \\\"Metropolitan Nightmare\\\".","parent_id":"30b4822ab5b83a6dcf47","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"30b4822ab5b83a6dcf47:9","document_content":"# The Day the Earth Stood Still (2008 film)\n### Effects\n***The Day the Earth Stood Still: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack*** was orchestrated and conducted by Timothy Williams. Tyler Bates was brought in to compose the score for *The Day the Earth Stood Still* after Derrickson heard his work on *The Devil\\'s Rejects* and *Slither*. Instead of imitating the original score by Bernard Herrmann, Bates decided to try to convey the updated message of the new film, and he assumed that most people would not even realize it was a remake. Bates said, \\\"People revere an original property and feel that it\\'s sacred, but frankly, there\\'s a good story to be retold, as it applies to the climate of the world now. If that\\'s something beyond the scope of a person\\'s ability to take in, on a new level, without necessarily using the original as a criterion for whether or not they\\'re going to enjoy it, then they probably shouldn\\'t bother themselves with it.\\\" The origins for the sound on the new score came from Bates attending the filming of a few scenes with Reeves and Smith. When he got back to Los Angeles, he created a sound loop on his GuitarViol to which Derrickson responded, \\\"I think that\\'s the score!\\\", when it was played for him. Bates utilized the theremin, which Herrmann heavily used for the original film\\'s score. Bates and the theremin player he hired used the instrument in a manner reminiscent of a sound effect, especially during Klaatu\\'s surgery. A short segment from Bach\\'s *Goldberg Variations* is heard playing in the background of the Professor\\'s home when Klaatu visits the Professor which was not included in the film\\'s accompanying soundtrack release.\nBefore its release, *The Day the Earth Stood Still* was nominated for Best Visual Effects and Best Sound at the 2008 Satellite Awards. On the film\\'s December 12, 2008 release, the Deep Space Communications Network at Cape Canaveral was to transmit the film to Alpha Centauri.","parent_id":"30b4822ab5b83a6dcf47","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"30b4822ab5b83a6dcf47:10","document_content":"# The Day the Earth Stood Still (2008 film)\n### Critical response\n250px\nOn Metacritic, the film has a score of 40 out of 100 based on reviews from 34 critics, indicating \\\"mixed or average reviews\\\". Based on 194 reviews collected by Rotten Tomatoes, only 21% of them were positive. The majority found the film \\\"heavy on special effects, but without a coherent story at its base, the film is a subpar re-imagining of the 1951 science-fiction classic.\\\" Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of \\\"C--\\\" on an A+ to F scale. Bruce Paterson of the Australian Film Critics Association gave the film 3 out of 5\u00a0stars, writing that the generally poor reception for the film was \\\"a sad fate for a surprisingly sincere tribute to Robert Wise\\'s 1951 classic.\\\" Kenneth Turan of the *Los Angeles Times* \\'congratulated\\' Keanu Reeves\\'s performance and wrote in his review that \\\"This contemporary remake of the science-fiction classic knew what it was doing when it cast Keanu Reeves, the movies\\' greatest stone face since Buster Keaton.\\\"\nA. O. Scott of *The New York Times* was not impressed with Reeves\\' performance, commenting that \\\"even Klaatu looks bored and distracted, much as he did back when we knew him as Neo.\\\" William Arnold of the *Seattle Post-Intelligencer* gave the film a B minus and wrote, \\\"It\\'s a decent enough stab at being what the old movie was to its time, following the same basic plot, full of respectful references to its model, updated with a gallery of fairly imaginative special effects.\\\" Roger Ebert of the *Chicago Sun-Times* gave the film two stars and noted that the film had \\\"taken its title so seriously that the plot stands still along with it\\\", but also stated that it was \\\"an expensive, good-looking film that is well-made by Scott Derrickson\\\".","parent_id":"30b4822ab5b83a6dcf47","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"30b4822ab5b83a6dcf47:11","document_content":"# The Day the Earth Stood Still (2008 film)\n### Accolades\nAt the 2009 Razzie Awards, the film was nominated for Worst Prequel, Remake, Rip-off or Sequel, but lost the award to *Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull*.\nThe film was nominated in the category of \\\"Best Single Visual Effect of the Year\\\" at the 7th Visual Effects Society Awards but lost to *The Curious Case of Benjamin Button*. The film was also nominated for Best Science Fiction Film at the Saturn Awards and Jaden Smith won Best Performance by a Younger Actor.\n\n### Box office\n*The Day the Earth Stood Still* opened in North America on December 12, 2008. During that opening weekend, and despite poor response from critics, the film reached the number 1 spot, grossing \\$30,480,153 from 3,560\u00a0theaters with an \\$8,562 average per theater. Out of the film\\'s opening weekend income, 12% was from IMAX; it was \\\"the highest IMAX share yet for a two-dimensional title\\\". In 2008, it was the 27th-highest-grossing film during its opening weekend but 40th for the entire year. *The Day the Earth Stood Still* was able to stay in the top 10 for its first four weeks in theaters. The film ended up grossing \\$79,366,978 domestically and \\$153,726,881 in foreign markets, a total of \\$233,093,859.\n\n### Home media\n*The Day the Earth Stood Still* was released on DVD and Blu-ray on April 7, 2009, almost four months after its release and only five days after its theater run ended. Bonus features include commentary with Scarpa along with a picture-in-picture showing the special effects footage, concept art, and photos. It also includes several featurettes: \\\"Build Your Own Gort\\\", \\\"Re-Imagining The Day\\\", \\\"Unleashing Gort\\\", \\\"Watching the Skies: In Search of Extraterrestrial Life\\\", and \\\"The Day the Earth was Green.\\\" Also included were three still galleries and the film\\'s trailer. Packaged with the film on a separate disc, is the original 1951 film. The Blu-ray release features a D-BOX motion code.","parent_id":"30b4822ab5b83a6dcf47","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"30b4822ab5b83a6dcf47:12","document_content":"# The Day the Earth Stood Still (2008 film)\n### Home media\nAccording to data by *Home Media Magazine*, it came in first for rentals during its first and second weeks. For the first week of its release it was ranked first in Blu-ray sales, and second on the regular DVD sales chart, behind *Bedtime Stories*, totaling \\$14,650,377 (not including Blu-ray).\n- Human impact on the environment","parent_id":"30b4822ab5b83a6dcf47","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2cadea11c92098787353:0","document_content":"# Sleep Dealer\n***Sleep Dealer*** is a 2008 futuristic science fiction film directed by Alex Rivera.\n*Sleep Dealer* depicts a dystopian future to explore ways in which technology both oppresses and connects migrants. A fortified wall has ended unauthorized Mexico-US immigration, but migrant workers are replaced by robots, remotely controlled by the same class of would-be emigrants. Their life force is inevitably used up, and they are discarded without medical compensation.\n*Sleep Dealer* is set in a future, militarized world marked by closed borders, virtual labor, and a global digital network that joins minds and experiences, where three strangers risk their lives to connect with each other and break the technology barriers.\nMemo Cruz works at a factory, one of several sleep dealers. Here, workers are connected to the network via suspended cables that plug into nodes in their arms and back, allowing them to control the robots that have replaced them as unskilled labor on the other side of the border. The sleep dealers are called so because one may collapse if one works long enough. The story is told as a flashback, as Memo remembers his home in Santa Ana Del Rio, Oaxaca. His father wants him to participate in growing crops on the meager family homestead. Memo\\'s passion, however, is electronics and hacking. The homestead also has dried up because of a dam built nearby and owned by the private corporation Del Rio Water. Memo and his father must trek on foot to buy water by the bag while monitored by security cameras armed with machine guns. The media on American hi-def TV shows glimpses of a technological dystopia, although in a positive light with superficial spin-doctoring. Memo is building an electronic receiver that can tap into communications as a hobby. As he continues to work on it, its range increases to faraway cities.","parent_id":"2cadea11c92098787353","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2cadea11c92098787353:1","document_content":"# Sleep Dealer\nOne summer, a remote-controlled military aerial vehicle operated by the security forces of Del Rio Water catches Memo monitoring a frequency used by the drones. This act warrants a brutal attack. He disconnects in time before the drone can locate him with certainty. On another occasion, he and his brother watch a live TV broadcast about a drone action that is about to destroy a building known to be intercepting drone communication. They quickly realize that the building is their own home, where Memo has his equipment, and run to save their father, whose life is in danger. However, they are too late, and the vehicle launches a rocket at the father, instantly killing him. The drone pilot is a Mexican-American named Rudy Ramirez. Memo boards a bus to the city of Tijuana to find work.\nLuz Mart\u00ednez also boards the same bus. Memo notices that Luz has nodes on the wrist for interfacing with the digital network and asks her where he can get them for free. She tells him that he can find someone, known as a coyotek, to connect him by asking around in a certain alley. Luz has loans and may default. She makes a living by uploading memories to an online memory trading company, TruNode, where viewers pay for content. She uploads her memory of meeting Memo.\nMemo is robbed of his money during his first attempt to seek a coyotek. He finds an abandoned shack in which to stay at the edge of the city, where other node workers live. Luz gets a sale for her memory of Memo and a prepaid offer for her next memory of him. Luz finds him and learns he is out of money. She helps him get a node job at a bar that has the equipment. She is the coyotek, having learned from her ex-boyfriend, and she does him a favor.\nLuz tries to upload more experiences. TruNode makes her reveal feelings rather than just the story. The person who requested the information is revealed to be Ramirez working for Del Rio Water. Luz and Memo open up to each other and have connected sex. Upon receiving the next upload, Ramirez has his doubts confirmed that his work made him kill a good man.","parent_id":"2cadea11c92098787353","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2cadea11c92098787353:2","document_content":"# Sleep Dealer\nMemo discovers that Luz has been paid to upload her memories of him, and so he leaves her feeling betrayed. He works overtime at the sleep dealer, risking exhaustion. Luz writes to him and mails him a recording of her memories as a parting gift. In the meantime, Ramirez has crossed the fortified US-Mexican border to meet Memo. As Ramirez explains himself, Memo tries to run, perceiving danger. Ramirez catches up and explains he was under orders and offers to help.\nMemo rejoins Luz and recruits her help to connect Ramirez to the network. He accesses the Del Rio Water security network to control one of the company\\'s drones. Upon discovery that Ramirez is not heeding orders, other drones pursue Ramirez. After heated aerial dogfighting, Ramirez manages to blast a hole in the dam, directly where Memo\\'s father had once tossed a pebble in helpless frustration. Memo receives news from his home and neighboring subsistence farms, celebrations of returning ancestral waters, albeit not necessarily a permanent one. Ramirez goes farther south in Mexico as he can no longer return to his family in the US. Memo moves on with his life in Tijuana.\n- Leonor Varela as Luz Mart\u00ednez\n- Jacob Vargas as Rudy Ramirez\n- Luis Fernando Pe\u00f1a as Memo Cruz\n*Sleep Dealer* was generally well received by critics, with a 70% on Rotten Tomatoes.\nThe movie won the Waldo Salt Screenwriting Award, the Alfred P. Sloan Prize at the 2008 Sundance Film Festival, The H.R. Giger Award for the Best International Film at The Neuch\u00e2tel International Fantastic Film Festival, and a special mention Amnesty International Film Prize at the 2008 Berlin Film Festival. The film was nominated for the Breakthrough Director Award at the Gotham Independent Film Awards 2008, and an Independent Spirit Award for Best First Feature in 2009.\nA.O. Scott, of *The New York Times* wrote \\\"Exuberantly entertaining --- a dystopian fable of globalization disguised as a science-fiction adventure.... Mr.\u00a0Rivera --- a brilliant young director --- takes his audience into a future of \"aqua-terrorism\" and cyberlabor that I wish I could dismiss as implausible\\...\\\" in his review of the 2008 New Directors\/New Films Festival.","parent_id":"2cadea11c92098787353","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2cadea11c92098787353:3","document_content":"# Sleep Dealer\nKenneth Turan, of the *Los Angeles Times* wrote \\\"Adventurous, ambitious and ingeniously futuristic, \\\"Sleep Dealer\\\" is a welcome surprise. It combines visually arresting science fiction done on a budget with a strong sense of social commentary in a way that few films attempt, let alone achieve\\...\\\" in his review of the film.\n*Sleep Dealer*'s cultural impact relates to its social commentary on contemporary issues through the lens of science-fiction. Javier Ram\u00edrez remarks that Rivera's \"innovative deployment of science fiction encourages us to question our present reality, by projecting into the future.\" Through his imagining of a possible future, Rivera critiques today's issues including immigration, drone warfare, and technological advances. His film is part of the emerging genre of speculative fiction called Latinxfuturism or Chicanafuturism, of which both have roots in Afrofuturism. Latinxfuturism defamiliarizes the familiar and challenges the status quo of society by reimagining reality or providing alternative representations. In his film review in the New York Times, A.O. Scott writes that \"Mr.\u00a0Rivera's vision of Tijuana...is...an unsettlingly plausible extrapolation of what that city already represents.\" In this way, Rivera uses the reality of what Tijuana and the maquiladoras represent for Mexicans and society as a whole to project a dystopic possibility of what its progress may become, making the audience question current conditions. The possibility of complete human exploitation of foreign labor markets through the use of nodes becomes a little less fictional with the referential point of Tijuana today, thus, defamiliarizing what is familiar.","parent_id":"2cadea11c92098787353","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2cadea11c92098787353:4","document_content":"# Sleep Dealer\nArguably the most important cultural impact of the film, *Sleep Dealer* provides POC representation and humanizes political issues through characters such as Memo and Luz. David Montgomery of The Washington Post comments that the film \"puts a human face on all\" the problems explored in the movie. The significance of seeing oneself in the stories told about the future is not lost on the film makers or its reviewers. Part of the goal of Latinxfuturist works is situating people of color as the protagonists in the representations of what our world could be. Montgomery goes on to comment, \"The whole world has a future, yet 'Sleep Dealer' is one of the first science fiction films largely set in the underdeveloped parts --- a milestone in film history.\"\nThe placing of bodies of color within a pre-existing system is part of the rebellion against hegemonic colonial narratives with which Latinxfuturism contends. The other Latinxfuturist path is creating alternative systems that people of color exist in without the restraints of the present reality. In Aimee Bahng's book *Migrant Futures*, she points out that \"*Sleep dealer* argues for and instantiates the production of alternative futures that fight against not only obsolescence but also obfuscations of the past that paved the way for the colonization of the future.\" That is to say, sleep dealer not only criticizes the current system but works to deconstruct the narrative mechanisms that uphold colonial influences. *Sleep Dealer* contributes to the Latinxfuturist works that try to represent people of color as well as reimagine a future without the colonialist androcentric oppressive forces that mark today's society.\n\n### See also\n- Speculative Fiction (by writers of color)\n- Weird Fiction","parent_id":"2cadea11c92098787353","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"57a934ac996a5fbf67ac:0","document_content":"# Nynne\n***Nynne*** is a Danish film directed by Jonas Elmer, starring Mille Dinesen. It is based on the bestselling Danish novel *Nynnes dagbog* (en. *Nynne\\'s Diary*) by Henriette Lind, Lotte Thorsen and Anette Vestergaard, which again was based on a popular newspaper column in *Politiken*. *Nynne* was the fourth-most seen film total in theaters in Denmark in 2005, with 429,301 tickets sold. (The most seen was *Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire*). Dinesen reprised the role in a short series the following year.\nThe film is about Nynne, who lives in the city. She is single, in her 30s, comforts herself with power shopping, has unsuccessful dates, loves to gossip with her friends, and has a hangover every weekend.\n- Mille Dinesen as Nynne\n- Lars Kaalund as Martin\n- Jimmi J\u00f8rgensen as Daniel\n- Mette Agnete Horn as Merete\n- Stine Stengade as Natasha\n- Claes Bang as Henrik\n- Lene Maria Christensen as Beate\n- Ole Lemmeke as Poul Erik \u00d8\n- Lars Hjortsh\u00f8j as Hans\n- Anne-Lise Gabold as Henriks mor\n- Asta Esper Hagen Andersen as Henriks mormor\n- Tatiana Pajkovic as Fiona\n- Laura Christensen as Fiona\\'s friend\n- Martin Kongstad as domestic worker\n- L\u00e6rke Winther Andersen as sales assistant\n- Christian Tafdrup as guy at restaurant\nThe movie\\'s soundtrack was composed by S\u00f8ren Hyldgaard.\n**CD track list**","parent_id":"57a934ac996a5fbf67ac","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"57a934ac996a5fbf67ac:1","document_content":"# Nynne\n1.  Clark Anderson\u00a0-- \\\"Real Love\\\"\n2.  Terry Walker\u00a0-- \\\"Ain't No Love\\\"\n3.  Alex\u00a0-- \\\"Os To!\\\"\n4.  Johnny Deluxe\u00a0-- \\\"Det Du G\u00f8r\\\"\n5.  Bryan Rice\u00a0-- \\\"No Promises\\\"\n6.  S\u00f8s Fenger\u00a0-- \\\"Lykken Vender\\\" (Nynnes Mantra)\n7.  Eddie Holman\u00a0-- \\\"Hey There Lonely Girl\\\"\n8.  Remee Allstars\u00a0-- \\\"My Way\\\"\n9.  Pelding Feat. Joy Morgan\u00a0-- \\\"Little Girl Blue\\\"\n10. Brinck\u00a0-- \\\"It\\'s My Life\\\"\n11. Beverley Knight\u00a0-- \\\"Keep This Fire Burning\\\"\n12. New Originals Feat. Mibb & Michael Car\u00f8e\u00a0-- \\\"Superstar\\\"\n13. Sisse Marie\u00a0-- \\\"Boom\\\"\n14. Terry Walker\u00a0-- \\\"Whoopsie Daisy Hit'n Run\\\"\n**Songs in the movie, not listed on the soundtrack CD, include:**\n- Billie Holiday\u00a0-- \\\"The Man I Love\\\"\n- Shirley Bassey\u00a0-- \\\"Big Spender\\\"\n- Bing Crosby\u00a0-- \\\"Here Comes Santa Claus\\\"\n- Brigitte Bardot\u00a0-- \\\"Ne Me Laisse Pas L\\'aimer\\\"","parent_id":"57a934ac996a5fbf67ac","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"740dca5cebc53a2e6a8a:0","document_content":"# Cell (film)\n***Cell*** is a 2016 American science fiction horror film based on the 2006 novel of the same name by Stephen King. The film is directed by Tod Williams, produced by John Cusack, with a screenplay by King and Adam Alleca. The film stars John Cusack, Samuel L. Jackson, and Isabelle Fuhrman. The film was released on June 10, 2016 to video on demand, prior to a limited release scheduled for July 8, 2016. *Cell* is the second film adaptation of a King story to co-star Cusack and Jackson, after the 2007 film *1408*. The film\\'s story follows a New England artist struggling to reunite with his young son after a mysterious signal broadcast over the global cell phone network turns the majority of his fellow humans into mindless vicious animals.\nThe film received negative reviews from critics upon its release for being poorly crafted and lacking suspense.\nClay Riddell is a disillusioned artist who a year earlier abandoned his wife Sharon and son Johnny in order to fulfill his dream of publishing a graphic novel. At Boston International Airport, Clay tries to board a flight, hoping to reconcile with his family. His cell phone battery dies, so he calls Sharon using a payphone. Suddenly an electronic signal (later dubbed \\\"the pulse\\\") is broadcast across mobile networks worldwide, turning cell phone users into rabid killers. Clay escapes the chaos in the terminal and meets a group of survivors in a subway car. The train\\'s conductor, Tom McCourt, suggests abandoning the train and traveling through the tunnels, since power has been cut to the subway trains and the pumps keeping the tunnels dry will soon shut down with no one manning them. Clay agrees and, joined by a third man, attempts to escape the airport.\nNear the tunnel\\'s exit, their companion is slaughtered by an infected man, later dubbed a \\\"phoner\\\", and the two escape to the street above. Clay leads Tom to his apartment. That night, they are joined by Alice Maxwell, a teenage neighbor of Clay\\'s who killed her mother in self-defense. All three decide to escape Boston. Heading north through New England to find Sharon and Johnny, the three acquire weapons from a house and are chased by a flock of phoners to a nearby river. Hiding from the infected, they observe the flock emitting mysterious signals from their mouths and then walking off as a group.","parent_id":"740dca5cebc53a2e6a8a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"740dca5cebc53a2e6a8a:1","document_content":"# Cell (film)\nAfter sundown the three arrive at a private school, where they meet two survivors: headmaster Charles Ardai and a student named Jordan. Charles postulates that the phoners have developed a hive mind and are telepathic. He shows them thousands of phoners lying inert in the school\\'s athletic field. Charles has a plan to use the stadium\\'s gas pumps and a sprayer truck to burn the phoners, and the others agree to help. Clay and Tom drive over the phoners, spraying them with gasoline, which Charles sets ablaze. The fire spreads, causing an explosion that kills Charles. The remaining group, now including Jordan, continue north.\nTaking shelter at an abandoned drive-in theater, the four go to sleep, and all of them dream about a raggedy-looking man in a red hoodie, a character from Clay\\'s graphic novel. Later they encounter a group of survivors in a roadside bar. They tell the four about Kashwak, a state park in Maine where there is said to be no cell service. After agreeing to travel there, they spend the night in the bar. Sally, one of the survivors, is awoken and infected by a group outside. She can now transmit the pulse through her mouth. The group attacks Tom and Jordan. After saving Tom from a phoner, Alice is bludgeoned in the head by Sally, whom Tom fatally shoots. The group takes Alice outside, where she succumbs to her head wound.\nLater, the group encounter a sleepless Ray Huizenga and his friend Denise, who say that Kashwak is a trap set by the Raggedy Man. Ray becomes increasingly agitated, muttering that the Raggedy Man is planting thoughts in his head. He gives Clay his cell phone and tells him to call the number on it when they reach the end of the road. Ray then kills himself with a bomb around his neck. In Ray\\'s truck, the group discovers a huge quantity of C-4 explosives. When the group makes it to Sharon\\'s house, Clay learns that Johnny has headed for Kashwak and that Sharon has turned into a phoner. After killing her, Clay drives alone to Kashwak, intent on locating Johnny, while the others continue north, leaving marks as a trail for Clay.","parent_id":"740dca5cebc53a2e6a8a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"740dca5cebc53a2e6a8a:2","document_content":"# Cell (film)\nAt Kashawk, Clay finds thousands of phoners walking in an enormous circle around a communications tower. Clay sees the Raggedy Man at the center of the circle, runs him over and repeatedly shoots him. Then Clay hears his son calling to him from amongst the flock and escapes from the circle. An infected Johnny appears before him and the Raggedy Man returns to life. Clay hugs his son as he calls the number on Ray\\'s phone, detonating the explosives in the truck, destroying the tower and the phoners. Clay and his son find the marks and follow the trail toward Clay\\'s friends. However, the explosion is revealed to be an illusion: Clay has been infected and is now walking in the circle around the tower.\n\n### Development\nThe film is based on the 2006 novel of the same name by Stephen King. Dimension Films announced in March 2006 that Eli Roth would direct the project after finishing *Hostel: Part II*. Roth exited the project in 2009, saying:","parent_id":"740dca5cebc53a2e6a8a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"740dca5cebc53a2e6a8a:3","document_content":"# Cell (film)\n### Development\nFollowing Roth\\'s departure, *Screen Rant* noted that the film \\\"faded into the background\\\". However, in October 2012, John Cusack was announced as the first actor to join the film, followed by the selection of Tod Williams as director in early 2013. In November 2013, Samuel L. Jackson was cast as Tom McCourt. Isabelle Fuhrman was announced as Alice on February 5, 2014, and Stacy Keach was cast in an unnamed role of a headmaster the following day. The film was shot over 25 days in January 2014 in Atlanta, Georgia.\nIn February 2015, the producers of the film announced that Clarius Entertainment had acquired distribution rights. The company, now called Aviron Pictures, later dropped the film. Saban Films later acquired distribution rights to the film. It was to receive its world premiere at FrightFest as part of the Glasgow Film Festival but was replaced at the last minute by *Pandemic*. The film was released on June 10, 2016, to video on demand, prior to opening in a limited release on July 8, 2016.\n*Cell* was panned by most critics. On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 11% based on 54 reviews and an average score of 3.91\/10. The site\\'s critical consensus reads, \\\"Shoddily crafted and devoid of suspense, *Cell* squanders a capable cast and Stephen King\\'s once-prescient source material on a bland rehash of zombie cliches.\\\" On Metacritic, the film has a score of 38 out of 100, based on 15 critics, indicating \\\"generally unfavorable reviews\\\".","parent_id":"740dca5cebc53a2e6a8a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"740dca5cebc53a2e6a8a:4","document_content":"# Cell (film)\n### Development\nJeannette Catsoulis of *The New York Times* criticized the film\\'s \\\"bare-bones screenplay\\\" for being \\\"wholly unable to deliver even a smidgen of nuance or depth\\\", and called Cusack\\'s performance \\\"possibly the most detached\\\" of his career. Owen Gleiberman of *Variety* referred to the outbreak scene in the airport as the \\\"only unsettling scene\\\" in the film, and wrote that \\\"the film is about as close as you could get to a generic low-budget undead thriller\\\". Steve Greene of IndieWire gave the film a grade of \\\"C-\\\", calling it \\\"a character study with a dearth of character\\\", and concluding that the film has \\\"no greater message \\... except that using a Bluetooth headset to call someone from an airport bathroom stall should be punishable by zombification\\\".\nOdie Henderson of RogerEbert.com gave the film two-and-a-half stars out of four, commending the performances of Cusack, Jackson, and Keach but criticizing the film\\'s \\\"occasional lack of storytelling clarity\\\", calling it \\\"rushed and unclear in its details about the pulse and its aftermath\\\". Patrick Cooper of Bloody Disgusting called it a \\\"forgettable adaptation\\\" and further stated that \\\"the story packs absolutely no punch and the solid stable of actors look bored for most of the film\\\". Nico Lang of *Consequence of Sound* wrote that *Cell* wasted an intriguing premise and called it \\\"unnecessarily glum and grim,\\\" as well as \\\"pretty dumb\\\". Bob Grimm of *Coachella Valley Independent* wrote that the movie \\\"is easily one of the worst adaptations ever of a King story\\\".","parent_id":"740dca5cebc53a2e6a8a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2badf70503f8d59fc746:0","document_content":"# Kispus\n***Kispus*** is a 1956 Danish romantic comedy film written and directed by Erik Balling. The film was the first Danish feature movie to be filmed in colour.\nThe eccentric fashion designer Mr.\u00a0Marcel gives his newly designed gown to the common working-class seamstress, Eva, when he sees how well it fits her. He then bets the actress who originally ordered the gown that if Eva wears his creation to an upcoming movie premiere, she will be accepted as a high-society woman. He is right and Eva attracts the young aristocrat Jakob. Eva fears that Jakob will discover her lowly background, but Jakob himself is a fraud. He is only a poor student who works as a chauffeur and sells his books to take her out. After numerous misunderstandings and complications, love wins out over snobbery and fraud.\n- Helle Virkner as Eva M\u00f8ller, seamstress\n- Henning Moritzen as Jakob, student\n- as Hr. Marcel, fashion designer\n- Nina Pens Rode as Elizabeth, primadonna\n- Gunnar Lauring as Carl, Elizabeth\\'s husband\n- Ove Sprog\u00f8e as Max, waiter, Eva\\'s brother\n- Lis L\u00f8wert as Joan, Max\\'s wife\n- Inger Lassen as Jokum, Mr.\u00a0Marcel\\'s agent\n- Gerda Madsen as Mrs.\u00a0Knudsen, Jakob\\'s landlady\n- Poul Reichhardt as An actor\n- Margaretha Fahl\u00e9n as Actor\\'s wife\n- Birgitte Federspiel as Dora, Society Lady\n- Vera Gebuhr as Ida, actress\n- Jessie Rindom as Society Lady\n- Bj\u00f8rn Watt-Boolsen as Svend, writer\n- Lily Broberg as Svend\\'s ex-wife","parent_id":"2badf70503f8d59fc746","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8650d506c4e7a018d579:0","document_content":"# An Education\n***An Education*** is a 2009 coming-of-age drama film based on a memoir of the same name by British journalist Lynn Barber. The film was directed by Lone Scherfig from a screenplay by Nick Hornby. It stars Carey Mulligan as Jenny, a bright schoolgirl, and Peter Sarsgaard as David, the charming conman who seduces her. The film was nominated for 3 Academy Awards in 2010: Best Picture, Best Adapted Screenplay for Nick Hornby, and Best Actress for Carey Mulligan.\n*An Education* premiered at the 2009 Sundance Film Festival. It screened on 10 September 2009 at the Toronto International Film Festival and was featured at the Telluride by the Sea Film Festival in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, on 19 September 2009. The film was shown on 9 October 2009, at the Mill Valley Film Festival. It was released in the US on 16 October 2009 and in the UK on 30 October 2009.\nIn 1961 London, Jenny Mellor is a bright and beautiful 16-year-old schoolgirl who wishes to attend Oxford University. Her studies are controlled by her strict, overbearing father, Jack. After youth orchestra rehearsals, Jenny waits at a bus stop on the street in the rain when she meets David Goldman, a seductive older Jewish man driving a Bristol 405. Telling her that he is a music lover and that he is worried about her cello getting wet, David convinces Jenny to put her cello in his car while she walks alongside. As the rain becomes stronger, Jenny asks David if she can sit inside his car. The two continue talking about music and, before being dropped off, Jenny confesses that she will be able to do whatever she wants when she reaches university, such as going to art galleries and watching French films, wishing for a life of culture and luxury. The following week, David leaves flowers on Jenny\\'s front porch, wishing her luck at her youth orchestra\\'s concert. Later, she sees him outside the cafe she and her friends are in and approaches him. After a little small talk, David asks Jenny if she is free to go see a concert and have supper with him and his friends. She happily agrees and thanks him.","parent_id":"8650d506c4e7a018d579","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8650d506c4e7a018d579:1","document_content":"# An Education\nOn the night of the concert, Jack disapproves of Jenny going while her much more lenient mother, Marjorie, tells him otherwise. David comes by to pick Jenny up and to talk to her parents, where he easily charms his way into convincing Jack that he take Jenny home later than her intended curfew. They arrive at the concert where Jenny meets David\\'s friends, Danny and Helen. Afterward, they go to dinner at a fancy restaurant, where they invite Jenny to an art auction. David picks up Jenny at school and they go to the auction, winning a bid for a painting by Edward Burne-Jones and going to Danny\\'s place afterwards. They talk about Oxford and they all agree to go and visit together the following weekend.\nJenny hears a commotion late one night and sees David drinking with her parents. He then uses the opportunity to ask them if he can take Jenny to Oxford, saying that he used to study there and would like to visit his old teacher, Clive Lewis, the author of *The Chronicles of Narnia*. Her parents are reluctant at first, but agree, seeing it as a good opportunity. At Oxford, Jenny discovers that David is a con man who makes money through a variety of shady practices. She is initially shocked but silences her misgivings as she succumbs to David\\'s charm. Back at her home, Jenny and David have their first kiss. Jenny then shows a signed copy of *The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe* to her parents, which David actually signed. Impressed by his connections and charisma, Jack and Marjorie approve of their romantic relationship.\nOn the night of Jenny\\'s 17th birthday, David arrives with presents and tells her parents that he intends to take her to Paris as a special birthday gift. Her father angrily disapproves, but later agrees after David talks to him. In Paris, the two dance, take photos, and Jenny eventually loses her virginity to David. Back in London, Jenny gives her favorite teacher, Miss Stubbs, Chanel perfume as a gift from her trip. Miss Stubbs refuses the gift, telling Jenny that she knows where it came from and is both concerned and disapproving of her relationship with David. They argue and have a falling-out. Later that night, David proposes marriage. Jenny accepts the proposal and, after an argument with the headmistress, decides to drop out of school and not apply to university.","parent_id":"8650d506c4e7a018d579","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8650d506c4e7a018d579:2","document_content":"# An Education\nWhile getting petrol on their way to dinner with her parents, Jenny rummages through the car\\'s glove compartment for a cigarette and discovers, through letters, that David is already married. Shocked, Jenny tells David to take her and her parents back home. Jenny argues with David, telling him she gave up her education to be with him. David says he will get a divorce and agrees that he will go and tell her parents the truth with her. She then goes inside her house, her father asking what happened. Jenny tells her parents that David is mustering up the courage before coming inside to confront them. However, he drives off and is never seen again.\nJenny despairs, blaming Danny and Helen for not telling her the truth early on and blaming her parents for letting her throw her life away with an older man. Jenny confronts David\\'s wife, and learns that David is a serial adulterer, and has a son. Later that night, Jack apologizes to Jenny, admitting that he messed up and that he believed David could give her the life she wanted. Jack points out that although David wasn\\'t who he said he was, Jenny had also deceived her parents about David\\'s nature by playing along with some of David\\'s lies to her parents. Jenny then goes back to her school, requesting to repeat her last year and take her exams, but is refused re-admission. She then goes to Miss Stubbs, asking for help. She resumes her studies and is accepted at Oxford the following year. In a closing voiceover, Jenny shares a story about dating boys her age and starting over with fresh eyes, despite her experiences with David.","parent_id":"8650d506c4e7a018d579","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8650d506c4e7a018d579:3","document_content":"# An Education\n- Carey Mulligan as Jenny Mellor\n- Peter Sarsgaard as David Goldman\n- Dominic Cooper as Danny, David\\'s friend and partner in crime (Orlando Bloom was originally cast in this role but dropped out before shooting began).\n- Rosamund Pike as Helen, Danny\\'s girlfriend.\n- Alfred Molina as Jack Mellor, Jenny\\'s father.\n- Cara Seymour as Marjorie Mellor, Jenny\\'s mother.\n- Emma Thompson as Miss Walters, the headmistress at Jenny\\'s school.\n- Olivia Williams as Miss Stubbs, Jenny\\'s concerned teacher.\n- Sally Hawkins as Sarah Goldman, David\\'s wife.\n- Matthew Beard as Graham, a boy Jenny knows from the Youth Orchestra.\n- Ellie Kendrick as Tina, Jenny\\'s friend from school.\n- Ashley Rice as Petrol Attendant\n\n### Development\nMulligan during a Q&A following the screening of *An Education* at the Ryerson Theatre on 25 September 2009.\nNick Hornby created the screenplay based on an autobiographical essay by the British journalist Lynn Barber about her schoolgirl affair with conman Simon Prewalski, referred to by her as Simon Goldman, which was published in the literary magazine *Granta* (82: Life\\'s Like That, Summer 2003). Hornby was the boyfriend of Amanda Posey, the film\\'s producer, whom he later married.","parent_id":"8650d506c4e7a018d579","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8650d506c4e7a018d579:4","document_content":"# An Education\n### Development\nBoth the memoir and the film also allude briefly to Peter Rachman, the notorious post-World War II London property speculator, who Goldman is working for. Barber\\'s full memoir, *An Education*, was not published in book form until June 2009, when filming had already been completed. Hornby said that what appealed to him in the memoir was that \\\"She\\'s a suburban girl who\\'s frightened that she\\'s going to get cut out of everything good that happens in the city. That, to me, is a big story in popular culture. It\\'s the story of pretty much every rock \\'n\\' roll band.\\\" Although the screenplay involved Hornby writing about a teenage girl, he did not feel it was more challenging than writing any other character: \\\"I think the moment you\\'re writing about somebody who\\'s not exactly you, then the challenge is all equal. I was glad that everyone around me on this movie was a woman so that they could watch me carefully. But I don\\'t remember anyone saying to me, \\'That isn\\'t how women think.\\'\\\"\n\n### Visual style\nAlthough Jenny\\'s family home and her school are supposed to be in the suburb of Twickenham, Middlesex (incorrectly referred to as \\'Twickenham, London\\' -- Twickenham did not become part of Greater London until 1965), the residential scenes featured in the film were shot on Carbery Avenue in the Gunnersbury area of Ealing, west London as well as Mattock Lane in West Ealing and The Japanese School in Acton, which used to be the site of the girls\\' school called Haberdashers\\' Aske\\'s School for Girls. The concert hall shown in the film, St John\\'s, Smith Square would have still been a wartime ruin at the time the film was set. It was subsequently restored and opened as a concert hall in October 1969.\nCarey Mulligan and Peter Sarsgaard at the New York premiere in October 2009","parent_id":"8650d506c4e7a018d579","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8650d506c4e7a018d579:5","document_content":"# An Education\n### Critical response\nOn Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 93% based on 197 reviews, with an average rating of 7.9\/10. The site\\'s consensus reads: \\\"Though the latter part of the film may not appeal to all, *An Education* is a charming coming-of-age tale powered by the strength of former newcomer Carey Mulligan\\'s standout performance.\\\" The film has a Metacritic score of 85\/100 based on 34 reviews, indicating \\\"universal acclaim\\\".\n\n### Box office\n*An Education* grossed \u00a31,633,504 in the UK. and \\$US26,096,852 worldwide.\n\n### Accolades\n*An Education* won the Audience Choice award and the Cinematography award at the 2009 Sundance Film Festival. Mulligan won a Hollywood Film Festival award for Best Hollywood Breakthrough Performance for a Female.\nIt was selected as *Sight & Sound\\'s* film of the month.\nThe film received three nominations at the 82nd Academy Awards: Best Picture, Best Actress for Carey Mulligan and Best Adapted Screenplay, but did not win in any category. The 63rd British Academy Film Awards saw the film come away with one award (for Best Actress) from nine nominations. The film received six British Independent Film Awards nominations and five Satellite Awards nominations.\n\n### Home media\n*An Education* was released on DVD and Blu-ray on 30 March 2010.\n\n### Theatrical play\nThe first adaptation of the screenplay to live theatre was staged at the University of St Andrews in 2019 at the annual On the Rocks Festival.","parent_id":"8650d506c4e7a018d579","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8e6728a3591dc8090985:0","document_content":"# 1 (2009 film)\n***1*** is the first feature film of Hungarian director\/production designer Pater Sparrow. It was inspired by *One Human Minute* by Polish science fiction writer Stanis\u0142aw Lem, a work of pseudepigrapha.\nA bookshop renowned for its rare works is mysteriously filled with copies of a book entitled *1*, which doesn\\'t appear to have a publisher or author. The strange almanac is filled with tables and statistics that describe everything that happens in the world in the course of one minute. A police investigation begins and the bookshop staff, along with a mysterious visitor from Vatican City who arrived just as the book did, are placed in solitary confinement by the Bureau for Paranormal Research (RDI - Reality Defense Institute). As the investigation progresses, the situation becomes more complex and the book increasingly well known, raising numerous controversies. Slowly, the lead investigator, Phil Pitch, begins to lose his grip on reality.\n- The film debuted at the 40th Hungarian Film Week where it won 5 awards: Best Cinematography, Best Editor, Best Visual Design, Best Producer, and received the Best First Feature Film award from the Student Jury.\n- Also won the Hungarian Film Critics Award in 2010 for best visual achievement.\n- Best Director and Best Actor for Zolt\u00e1n Mucsi at the 30th Fantasporto International Film Festival.\n- Best Director at the 20th Fantastic Film Festival of the University of M\u00e1laga (*Fancine M\u00e1laga*)\n- Best Sci-Fi feature at the 5th Cinefantasy Film Festival in San Paulo.\n- Audience Award at the 16th International Festival of Young Filmmakers in Granada and at the 7th Fresh Film Fest in Praha.\nOfficial selections:\n- 42nd SITGES International Film Festival of Fantastic Films \/ \\'New Visions - Discovery\\' section\n- Brussels International Fantastic Film Festival \\'European\\' and \\'7th Orbit\\' competition\n- The London International Festival Of Science Fiction and Fantastic Film\n- Festival International du Film Policier de Liege\n- G\u00f6teborg International Film Festival\n- New York Lincoln Center\/ Hungarian Film Festival\n- SFF-rated Athens Intl Sci-Fi & Fantasy Film Festival\n- Triest S+F International Film Festival.\n- Bradford International Film Festival,\n- Oslo International Film Festival,\n- Brussels EuroCine 27 Festival\n- Israel Icon Film Festival\n- Ourense International Independent Film Festival\n- Fantasy Montreal International Film Festival\n- Montevideo Fantastic Film Festival","parent_id":"8e6728a3591dc8090985","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"aee4a10d2ed2fd6be3fc:0","document_content":"# Back to Babylon (film)\n***Back to Babylon*** (, ) is a documentary film directed by the Iraqi-French film director Abbas Fahdel.\nBack in his home town of Babylon after a long exile, the Iraqi-born director Abbas Fahdel asks himself: \\\"What has become of my friends? What has life here made of them? What would life here have made of me had I not decided to follow the course of destiny elsewhere?\\\" In his search and inquiries, his encounters with the friends of his youth, it is the situation today in Iraq that is revealed through the camera\\'s eye: the ravages of Saddam Hussein\\'s dictatorship, the after-effects of the Iran-Iraq war, the Gulf War and the embargo imposed by the United Nations.\n- Cinema of Iraq\n- Iraqi culture","parent_id":"aee4a10d2ed2fd6be3fc","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a78173008199a3aa6c5e:0","document_content":"# Madagascar (2005 film)\n***Madagascar*** is a 2005 American computer-animated comedy film produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by DreamWorks Pictures. The film was directed by Eric Darnell and Tom McGrath (in McGrath\\'s feature directorial debut) and written by Mark Burton, Billy Frolick, Darnell, and McGrath. The film stars Ben Stiller, Chris Rock, David Schwimmer, Jada Pinkett Smith, Sacha Baron Cohen, Cedric the Entertainer, and Andy Richter. The film centers around a group of animals from the Central Park Zoo who find themselves stranded on the island of Madagascar.\nReleased on May 27, 2005, *Madagascar* received mixed reviews from critics but was a success at the box office, becoming the sixth highest-grossing film of 2005. It launched the *Madagascar* franchise which includes the sequels *Madagascar: Escape 2 Africa* (2008) and *Madagascar 3: Europe\\'s Most Wanted* (2012); the spin-off film *Penguins of Madagascar* (2014); several short films, television series, and specials; and a number of video games, theme park attractions, and live stage shows.\nAt the Central Park Zoo, Marty the zebra celebrates his tenth birthday but has grown bored with his daily routine and longs to experience the wild. Marty\\'s best friend, Alex the lion, enjoys showing off for the public and his celebrity status as \\\"the king of New York\\\".\nAlex attempts to cheer Marty up, but Marty, still unsatisfied, learns that the zoo\\'s penguins---Skipper, Kowalski, Rico, and Private---are trying to escape, and follows them out. Alex, and his friends, Melman the giraffe, and Gloria the hippopotamus pursue Marty and attempt to convince him to return. The four, along with the penguins and two chimpanzees named Mason and Phil, converge at Grand Central Station where the authorities sedate them using tranquillizer guns. Under pressure from anti-captivity activists, the zoo is forced to ship the escaped animals by sea to a Kenyan wildlife preserve. During their travels, the penguins escape and take over the ship, intent on taking it to Antarctica. Their antics on the bridge cause the crates containing Alex, Marty, Melman, and Gloria to fall overboard and wash ashore on Madagascar.","parent_id":"a78173008199a3aa6c5e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a78173008199a3aa6c5e:1","document_content":"# Madagascar (2005 film)\nThe animals come across a pack of lemurs led by King Julien XIII. The predatory fossa attack the lemurs, but are scared off by Alex\\'s fearsome appearance. Alex blames Marty for the group\\'s predicament and attempts to signal for help to get back to civilization. Marty finds the wild to be exactly what he was looking for, and Gloria and Melman soon join him in enjoying the island. Alex eventually comes around, but without the raw steaks he was provided at the zoo, hunger sets in and his prey drive begins to show. King Julien has the lemurs befriend the zoo animals in the hope that Alex\\'s presence will keep the fossa at bay, despite his adviser Maurice\\'s warnings about Alex\\'s predatory nature. When Alex loses control and attacks Marty, King Julien realizes that he is a threat and banishes him to the predator side of the island, where the fossa live. Seeing what has happened to Alex, and how dangerous the wild can be, Marty begins to regret his decision to leave the zoo.\nThe penguins, having found Antarctica to be inhospitable, land the ship at Madagascar. Seeing the chance to return Alex to New York, Marty crosses over to the predator side and attempts to convince the grizzled, starving Alex to return, but Alex refuses out of fear that he will attack Marty again. The fossa attack Marty, and though Gloria, Melman, and the penguins come to the rescue, they are outnumbered. Alex overcomes his predatory instincts, rescues his friends, and scares the fossa away from the lemur territory forever. The lemurs regain their respect for Alex, and the penguins satisfy his hunger by feeding him sushi. As the lemurs throw a farewell celebration for the foursome, the penguins decide not to break the news that the ship has run out of fuel, thus leaving them stranded on the island.\nDavid Schwimmer at the film\\'s British premiere in London","parent_id":"a78173008199a3aa6c5e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a78173008199a3aa6c5e:2","document_content":"# Madagascar (2005 film)\n- Ben Stiller as Alex, a lion. Tom McGrath explained that \\\"Ben Stiller was the first actor we asked to perform, and we knew we wanted his character, Alex, to be a big performing lion with a vulnerable side.\\\"\n- Chris Rock as Marty, a plains zebra. McGrath explained the character: \\\"Marty is a guy who thinks there might be more to life than what\\'s in the zoo. We wanted his character to be energetic, so we listened to Chris Rock.\\\"\n- David Schwimmer as Melman, a hypochondriac reticulated giraffe who is afraid of germs. When they were looking for a voice actor for Melman, they listened to Schwimmer\\'s voice on *Friends* and, according to McGrath, thought that it \\\"sounded really neat.\\\" During development, Melman the Giraffe was originally supposed to be an okapi but was changed to a giraffe.\n- Jada Pinkett Smith as Gloria, a strong, confident, but sweet hippopotamus. McGrath said that they found all these traits in Pinkett Smith\\'s voice when they listened to her.\n- Sacha Baron Cohen as King Julien XIII, a ring-tailed lemur and the king of the lemurs. King Julien was initially only meant to be a \\\"two-line\\\" character until auditioning Baron Cohen improvised eight minutes of dialogue in an Indian accent.\n- Cedric the Entertainer as Maurice, an aye-aye and King Julien\\'s royal advisor (to whom Julien never listens).\n- Andy Richter as Mort, a Goodman\\'s mouse lemur.\n- Tom McGrath as Skipper, the leader of the penguins. McGrath, who was also the film\\'s co-director and co-writer, initially only lent his voice to the temporary tracks. Growing up with films starring tough actors like John Wayne, Charlton Heston, and Robert Stack, McGrath wanted Stack for the voice of Skipper. Stack was approached about voicing the character, but died two weeks before production on the animation began. After that, DreamWorks Animation CEO Jeffrey Katzenberg decided to keep the temporary voice, with McGrath explaining: \\\"People were used to me doing that voice. We knew it worked when we screened it.\\\" Many of the character\\'s traits were based on Stack\\'s work. McGrath especially emphasized *The Untouchables*, a 1959 television crime drama series starring Stack.\n- Chris Miller as Kowalski, a penguin and Skipper\\'s right hand.\n  - Miller also voices Timo, a tenrec who is only seen attending Julien\\'s meeting.\n- Jeffrey Katzenberg as Rico, a smart and silent penguin who is only expressed through grunts and squeals. Mireille Soria, the film\\'s producer, commented on Katzenberg\\'s uncredited role: \\\"The irony for us is that he\\'s the one who doesn\\'t talk. There\\'s something very Dadaistic about that, isn\\'t there?\\\"\n  - Katzenberg also voices Abner, a blue-eyed lemur who is only seen at the paradise scene.\n- Christopher Knights as Private, an eager, lowly penguin. Knights was also an assistant editor on the film.\n- Conrad Vernon as Mason, a chimpanzee (Phil, the other chimpanzee, is unvoiced).\n- Eric Darnell and Tom McGrath as the fossa.\n  - Darnell also voices Hector and Horst, two lemurs.\n- David P. Smith as Pancho, a crowned lemur.\n  - Smith also voices Becca, a black lemur and a spider.\n- Elisa Gabrielli as Nana, an elderly New Yorker. Gabrielli provided some background voices until the directors and producer asked her and her fellow actors if they wanted to try their voices for the role. Upon seeing a black and white sketch of Nana, Gabrielli knew that she wanted to voice her. She modeled Nana\\'s voice after her Russian and Hungarian grandmothers and her stepfather, though she didn\\'t think that her voice would be kept in the finished film at first.\n- Bob Saget as an unspecified off-screen zoo animal.\n- David Cowgill as a police horse.\n- Stephen Apostolina as a police officer.","parent_id":"a78173008199a3aa6c5e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a78173008199a3aa6c5e:3","document_content":"# Madagascar (2005 film)\nAccording to co-director Tom McGrath, the idea for *Madagascar* began as a one-sentence prompt, and it took two years of development for the idea to be refined to the point where the four main characters were finalized. In 1998, DreamWorks and PDI had started development on an animated film titled *Rockumentary*, which featured a Beatles-esque penguin rock band. The idea was scrapped, but after production on *Madagascar* started, director Eric Darnell decided to revive the penguins, but make them a commando unit instead of a rock band. In the original script Gloria was going to be pregnant due to being part of the zoo\\'s breeding program and the baby was going to be born on the island and Melman, who is revealed to have a crush on Gloria would help raise the child like it was his own son. The idea was cut from the final version because the test audiences felt like the pregnancy plotline was too risky and mature for a family film especially young children who felt uncomfortable with the pairing of Melman and Gloria and may have gotten the film a PG-13 rating. However, the idea of Melman having a crush on Gloria was reused for the sequels. One of the lead characters was formerly to be an okapi. As a result, the character, Melman, was changed and played by a giraffe which is a more familiar animal. Originally, Julien was intended to be a minor character with only two lines. However, when Sacha Baron Cohen auditioned for the role, he improvised not only an Indian accent, but eight minutes of dialogue for his recording. The filmmakers found Cohen\\'s performance so funny that they rewrote the script and made Julien a much more prominent character in the story as \\\"King of the Lemurs\\\". Madagascar introduced many sequels to the movie and later in 2014 made a goofy spin-off \\\"Netflix\\\" series called \\\"All Hail King Julien\\\" based on the lemur character in the Madagascar movies named King Julien also known as the \\\"King Of Madagascar\\\".\n*Madagascar* was released on DVD and VHS on November 15, 2005, by DreamWorks Home Entertainment. The DVD included a short animated film *The Madagascar Penguins in a Christmas Caper*, and a music video \\\"I Like to Move It,\\\" featuring characters from the film dancing to the song. A Blu-ray version of the film was released on September 23, 2008.","parent_id":"a78173008199a3aa6c5e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a78173008199a3aa6c5e:4","document_content":"# Madagascar (2005 film)\nThe *Madagascar - Movie Storybook* was written by Billy Frolick and illustrated by Michael Koelsch, and was published by Scholastic in 2005. Koelsch also illustrated the *Madagascar: Escape 2 Africa - Movie Storybook* in 2008.\n\n### Box office\nThe film was a commercial success. On its opening weekend, the film grossed \\$47,224,594 with a \\$11,431 average from 4,131 theaters making it the number 3 movie of that weekend behind *Star Wars: Episode III -- Revenge of the Sith* and *The Longest Yard*. However, the film managed to claim the top position in the U.S. box office the following week with a gross of \\$28,110,235. In the United States, the film eventually grossed \\$193,595,521, and in foreign areas grossed \\$362,964,045 with a summative worldwide gross of \\$556,559,566.\n\n### Critical reception\nOn Rotten Tomatoes, the film received a 55% approval rating based on 190 reviews, with an average rating of 6.10\/10. The consensus reads: \\\"Though its story is problematic in spots and its humor is hit-or-miss for the adult crowd, *Madagascar* boasts impressive visuals and enough spunky charm to keep children entertained.\\\" On Metacritic, the film has a 57% approval rating based on 36 reviews falling under the \\\"Mixed or Average\\\" category.","parent_id":"a78173008199a3aa6c5e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a78173008199a3aa6c5e:5","document_content":"# Madagascar (2005 film)\n### Critical reception\nPaul Arendt of BBC gave the film 4\/5 stars, writing: \\\"It\\'s also a pleasure to see a cartoon so determinedly devoid of sentiment, a stance confirmed by the hilarious demise of an angelic little duckling. Highly recommended for kids and adults.\\\" Jeff Strickler of the *Star Tribune* gave the film 3\/4 stars, describing it as a \\\"good-natured kid flick\\\" and writing: \\\"This computer-animated comedy makes enough kowtows to adult humor that parents won\\'t be bored, but it is clearly aimed at the peewee set.\\\" Ann Hornaday of *The Washington Post* described the film as \\\"wildly fun\\\" and wrote: \\\"along with such recent classics as *Shrek*, *Finding Nemo* and *The Incredibles*, *Madagascar* will surely go on to take a deserved place on millions of families\\' video shelves as a reliable Saturday night staple.\\\" Kenneth Turan of the *Los Angeles Times* described the film as \\\"a good-humored, pleasant confection that has all kinds of relaxed fun bringing computer-animated savvy to the old-fashioned world of Looney Tunes cartoons.\\\" Paul Clinton of CNN wrote that the film was \\\"a delight\\\", and added: \\\"Co-writers and -directors McGrath and Eric Darnell, along with their entire team, have done a terrific job with their sweet and whimsical story.\\\"","parent_id":"a78173008199a3aa6c5e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a78173008199a3aa6c5e:6","document_content":"# Madagascar (2005 film)\n### Critical reception\nRoger Ebert gave the film 2.5\/4 stars, writing that it \\\"is funny, especially at the beginning, and good-looking in a retro cartoon way\\\", but added: \\\"in a world where the stakes have been raised by *Finding Nemo*, *Shrek* and *The Incredibles*, it\\'s a throwback to a more conventional kind of animated entertainment.\\\" Philippa Hawker of *The Sydney Morning Herald* also gave the film 2.5\/4 stars, writing: \\\"*Madagascar*, despite some break-out moments of silliness, seems defined by a formula that can\\'t fail to please, at a basic level, but never feels imaginatively inspired.\\\" Rick Groen of *The Globe and Mail* gave the film 2\/4 stars, describing the film\\'s script as \\\"a wafer-thin yarn that might have done Sylvester and Tweety proud, but goes missing-in-action when stretched over 80-plus minutes.\\\" A. O. Scott of *The New York Times* wrote that the film \\\"arouses no sense of wonder, except insofar as you wonder, as you watch it, how so much talent, technical skill and money could add up to so little.\\\"\n\n### Awards\nThe film has won three awards and several nominations.\n`Award`\n`Category`\n`Recipient`\n`Result`\n`AFI's\u00a010\u00a0Top\u00a010`\n`Animated\u00a0Film`\n*`Madagascar`*\n`Annie\u00a0Award`\n`Best\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature`\n`Mireille\u00a0Soria`\n`Animated\u00a0Effects`\n`Matt\u00a0Baer`\n`Rick\u00a0Glumac`\n`Martin\u00a0Usiak`\n`Character\u00a0Design\u00a0in\u00a0an\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature\u00a0Production`\n`Craig\u00a0Kellman`\n`Music\u00a0in\u00a0an\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature\u00a0Production`\n`Hans\u00a0Zimmer`\n`Production\u00a0Design\u00a0in\u00a0an\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature\u00a0Production`\n`Yoriko\u00a0Ito`\n`Storyboarding\u00a0in\u00a0an\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature\u00a0Production`\n`Tom\u00a0McGrath`\n`Catherine\u00a0Yuh\u00a0Rader`\n`Golden\u00a0Eagle\u00a0Award`\n`Best\u00a0Foreign\u00a0Language\u00a0Film`\n*`Madagascar`*\n`Kids'\u00a0Choice\u00a0Awards`\n`Favorite\u00a0Animated\u00a0Movie`\n*`Madagascar`*\nIn 2008, the American Film Institute nominated the film for its Top 10 Animation Films list.","parent_id":"a78173008199a3aa6c5e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a78173008199a3aa6c5e:7","document_content":"# Madagascar (2005 film)\n### Awards\n***Madagascar*** is the soundtrack to the 2005 DreamWorks film of the same name. It was released by Geffen Records on May 24, 2005. Of particular critical note was the cover of \\\"I Like to Move It\\\" by Sacha Baron Cohen, which has since become a recurring theme song throughout the *Madagascar* franchise.\nThe score was composed by frequent DreamWorks collaborator Hans Zimmer, with additional music by James Dooley, Heitor Pereira, James S. Levine, and Ryeland Allison. Zimmer also adapted John Barry\\'s instrumental from \\\"Born Free\\\" into the score track of the same name; The Mormon Tabernacle Choir\\'s cover of the song was used in the opening title sequence. Originally, Harry Gregson-Williams, another frequent DreamWorks collaborator, was supposed to compose the film\\'s score.\nA sequel, *Madagascar: Escape 2 Africa*, was released in 2008, followed by *Madagascar 3: Europe\\'s Most Wanted* in 2012 and the spin-off film *Penguins of Madagascar* in 2014. The series has also spawned a number of television series, short films, video games, and other media, as well as theme park attractions and live stage shows.\nThe animated television series entitled *Madagascar: A Little Wild* was aired, streaming on Peacock in 2020.\n\n### Spin-off series\nA spin-off series entitled *The Penguins of Madagascar* premiered on Nickelodeon in 2008.\nAnother spin-off series entitled *All Hail King Julien* premiered on Netflix in 2014.","parent_id":"a78173008199a3aa6c5e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5181bf2bc1138a6656fb:0","document_content":"# Dreams (2006 film)\n***Dreams*** ( (*Ahlaam*) ) is a 2006 Iraqi film directed by Mohamed Al-Daradji. It was Iraq\\'s submission to the 79th Academy Awards for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, but was not accepted as a nominee.\nMohamed Al-Daradji returned to Iraq shortly after the American invasion of Baghdad. There he found psychiatric patients wandering on the streets as the hospitals were being destroyed by the bombings. The experience served as the germ for what would be Mohamed\\'s first feature film, Ahlaam, and the second Iraqi feature produced since the fall of Saddam Hussein. It was filmed on location in Baghdad in 2004. \\\"I would like to bring the subject very close to the audience with an artistic point of view\\\" he said.","parent_id":"5181bf2bc1138a6656fb","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5181bf2bc1138a6656fb:1","document_content":"# Dreams (2006 film)\nDuring the time when Ahlaam was filmed was when the insurgency was most dangerous in Iraq. Al-Daradji and his crew took many risks while filming Ahlaam: Al-Daradji was captured twice and tortured by rival insurgents while his cast and crew came under fire from both militias and US troops. Al-Daradji commented \\\"As Iraqi filmmakers, we must stay in our own country and make our films, even with all the dangers\\...We must show the Iraqi point of view. You don\\'t know how important it is for us to tell our stories.\\\" Two years after Ahlaam\\'s international premiere, it was shown in Mohammed\\'s home country of Iraq at the Baghdad National Theatre. Despite 200 people being killed that day following a surge of attacks across Baghdad, 1,000 people made their way to the screening.\nThe film begins with a shot of Baghdad in 2003, two days before the fall of Saddam\\'s regime. It is nighttime, and the city is ablaze with fire and smoke. Two of the main characters call out the names of their loved ones from within the psychiatric ward of a Baghdad hospital, against a backdrop of explosions and gunfire. The film then cuts to five years prior in Baghdad, 1998. The three main characters, Mehdi Ali Al-Lam, Ali Hussein Araheif, and Ahlaam Mohamed Al-Saadi, are in the midst of every-day life. Ahlaam is attending University, Mehdi is getting ready to take his exam for medical school, and Ali is working as a soldier in the Iraqi military. As the movie progresses each character is faced with a turning point in their lives. For Ali, his turning point is Operation Desert Fox. He is stationed with his best friend Hasan when they are hit by the American and British bombing of Iraq in December, 1998. Hasan sustains fatal injuries, and Ali attempts to carry him to a hospital. Ali crosses a border while carrying his friend and is picked up by a van and sent to the army jail. In the army jail, he is charged as a deserter and sentenced to have his ear cut off and to incarceration in a mental asylum. For Ahlaam, the turning point is her wedding day. She is getting ready to marry her betrothed, Ahmed, when he is arrested by Saddam\\'s men. The next time she appears in the movie, she is a patient in the same mental asylum as Ali, calling out Ahmed\\'s name and being treated with shock therapy. For Mehdi, the turning point is when he discovers he will have to join the military rather than become a doctor as planned because his father was a communist, and thus Mehdi does not have the proper connections to achieve his goal and avoid military service. After explaining how the three main characters all arrive to the psychiatric institution, the movie cuts back to Baghdad in 2003, back to the opening scene. After serving in the military for one year, Mehdi became a doctor. In 2003, he happens to be the new doctor at the mental asylum holding Ali and Ahlaam. Presently, the mental asylum is hit by a bomb. Many of the patients, including Ahlaam, escape into Baghdad. Dr.\u00a0Mehdi enlists the help of Ali to round up the patients and bring them back. The film follows Ali, Ahlaam, and Mehdi as they wander around an empty Baghdad. Ali works to recover lost patients and help bring them to safety, while Ahlaam wanders confused and lost; she is taken advantage of by a man who she thinks is Ahmed. Ali is fatally shot as he is trying to help return patients. Ahlaam runs away into an abandoned building; as Mehdi and her family try to enter to find bring her back to safety, they are blocked by American forces who don\\'t understand the situation and answer with force. The final shot of the film shows her standing on top of the building, looking at Baghdad.","parent_id":"5181bf2bc1138a6656fb","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5181bf2bc1138a6656fb:2","document_content":"# Dreams (2006 film)\n- Aseel Adel - Ahlaam\n- Bashir Al-Majid - Ali\n- Mohamed Hashim - Mehdi\n<!-- -->\n- Cinema of Iraq\n- List of submissions to the 79th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film","parent_id":"5181bf2bc1138a6656fb","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7fa06e6b218c3d2a0709:0","document_content":"# War of the Worlds 2: The Next Wave\n***War of the Worlds 2: The Next Wave*** is a 2008 direct-to-DVD science fiction film directed by and starring C. Thomas Howell. The film was produced and distributed independently by The Asylum.\nThe film is a sequel to the film *H. G. Wells\\' War of the Worlds*, an adaptation of the 1898 H. G. Wells novel and mockbuster of the DreamWorks\/Paramount adaptation of the same source. The film\\'s tone and overall plot significantly differ from the first film and recycles elements from the novel.\nThe film is set two years after the initial alien invasion, following the remnants of the human race who launch an attack on the planet Mars to counter a second attack. C. Thomas Howell reprises his role as George Herbert.\nGeorge Herbert explains that despite years of searching for extraterrestrial life, mankind never expected the invasion which devastated human civilization into anarchy, and that the aliens were killed by a lack of immunity to the bacteria in the human blood they consumed. Two years later, a town is seen, populated with silent refugees including characters Shackleford and Sissy. Suddenly, three Tripods land in the city. People are struck by a Heat-Ray. Shackleford takes a sample of Sissy\\'s blood, with which he injects himself.\nIn Washington, American society has not recovered from the invasion. George Herbert recognises a familiar disturbance on the radio, as the same heard during the first invasion and he reveals to Major Kramer and a team of scientists that his studies show that the aliens are creating a wormhole between Earth and Mars for another wave of attacks. A fleet of fighter jets, which appear to have deep-space flight capabilities, thereby raid the planet Mars. George returns home for his son Alex, only to find a Tripod outside his home, which abducts Alex. He escapes to an abandoned city and wakes the next morning to find a man named Pete running from a Tripod. George throws himself before the machine, and wakes inside the machine with Pete. Both escape with Sissy, while the Martians begin a second invasion, attacking London and Paris. Major Kramer leads the fleet of jets to chase the alien mothership back to Mars.","parent_id":"7fa06e6b218c3d2a0709","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7fa06e6b218c3d2a0709:1","document_content":"# War of the Worlds 2: The Next Wave\nGeorge, Pete, and Sissy find themselves in the town from the start of the film; where Shackleford reveals that the town is created by the Tripods for humans captured by Tripods to live on Mars. Shackleford wants to destroy the aliens in the same way bacteria did them in during the first invasion. Shackleford and Sissy are dying of a virus lethal to the Tripods, and he convinces George to inject his infected blood into himself. George and Pete are kidnapped again and arrive inside the mothership, where they find Alex in a cocoon. There, George injects his infected blood into a pod holding a brain telepathically connected to all of the Tripods, and thus deactivates the invasion. George, Pete, and Alex escape just as the mothership explodes. George survives the infection, and the humans celebrate while listening to the radio, which undergoes some static interference, indicating a third invasion, and the characters spend a few moments in silence before the film ends.\n- C. Thomas Howell as George Herbert (a play on H.G. Wells\\' first two names, Herbert George)\n- Christopher Reid as Peter Silverman\n- Dashiell Howell as Alex Herbert\n- Fred Griffith as Major Kramer\nBlu-Ray.com gave the film 1.5 stars out of 5, finding that while it opens well, it quickly falls apart, becoming a jumbled mess.\n*War of the Worlds 2* is notably different in tone to its predecessor. While *War of the Worlds* kept relatively faithful to the novel with a focus on realism and humanity rather than the aliens themselves, *War of the Worlds 2* features considerably more outlandish science-fiction elements, discarding the horror treatment of the first film for an action\/adventure premise. The film\\'s plot is mostly original, its characters entirely so, though it does feature elements from *The War of the Worlds* which were excluded from the first film.","parent_id":"7fa06e6b218c3d2a0709","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7fa06e6b218c3d2a0709:2","document_content":"# War of the Worlds 2: The Next Wave\n- Unlike the novel, humans are shown as having considerable effect and competence in the fight against the aliens. The character of the Artilleryman entertains the possibility of taking down and studying a fighting-machine and building new ones with human pilots to repel the invaders. Humans are seen using jets which have been upgraded with the aliens\\' technology to fight against the invaders.\n- The first film made effort to disguise the Martian heritage of the aliens (though director David Michael Latt confirmed that the aliens were indeed Martians). In *War of the Worlds 2*, it has become common-knowledge between events that the aliens originated from Mars - though instead of being launched straight from the planet like in the novel, their ships appear to be transported to near-earth space by a wormhole.\n- In the novel, the Martians are seen abducting humans, carrying them and placing them in metal cages carried by the machines themselves. In *War of the Worlds 2*, the Tripods use a teleportation-gun to place their prisoners inside them.\nThe film\\'s music was composed by Ralph Reickermann, a former composer for The Asylum. The film features the single \\\"*You Came into my Life*\\\" which featured the vocals of singer John Brown Reese.","parent_id":"7fa06e6b218c3d2a0709","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cbfc3ae175f55a0ab3a9:0","document_content":"# Jani Gal\n***Jani Gal*** () is a 2007 Kurdish-language Kurdish drama film directed by Jamil Rostami, who co-wrote the screenplay with Khosro Sina and also served as the producer, based on Ibrahim Ahmad\\'s best-selling 1972 novel of the same name. The film stars Nzar Salami, Renas Wrya, and Abdul Hamajwan. The story, set in 1940s to 1950s of Kurdistan, chronicles Jwamer after his release from prison and his search for his wife and son. It was Iraq\\'s submission to the 80th Academy Awards for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, but was not accepted as a nominee.\nThe story is set in 1950s Iraq and illustrates the plight of *Juamer* in a flashback structure. When Juamer\\'s wife goes into labor, he runs to get the midwife but is caught in the midst of a clash between Kurdish protestors and Iraqi police. He is mistakenly arrested, tortured and sentenced to ten years imprisonment. After his release, Juamer sets out to find his loved ones but he discovers that his wife died, without medical help, on the same day that he was arrested, the Make up artists of the film were Radmehr Aalipour and Ali Hamedi.\n`Year`\n`Award`\n`Category`\n`Nominee`\n`Result`\n2008\n`Boston\u00a0Film\u00a0Festival`\n`Best\u00a0International\u00a0Filmmaker\u00a0Award`\n`Jamil\u00a0Rostami`\n`Moondance\u00a0International\u00a0Film\u00a0Festival`\n`Columbine\u00a0Award`\n*`Jani Gal`*\n- Cinema of Iraq\n- List of submissions to the 80th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film","parent_id":"cbfc3ae175f55a0ab3a9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8f6cc209dc093ff66732:0","document_content":"# El Rey (film)\n***El Rey*** is a 2004 Colombian-French-Spanish film directed by Antonio Dorado. It was Colombia\\'s submission to the 77th Academy Awards for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, but was not accepted as a nominee.\n- Cinema of Colombia\n- List of submissions to the 77th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film","parent_id":"8f6cc209dc093ff66732","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5668d71dba9d4aa952e8:0","document_content":"# People Meet and Sweet Music Fills the Heart\n***People Meet and Sweet Music Fills the Heart***, (), is a 1967 Danish\/Swedish romantic comedy directed by Henning Carlsen and starring Harriet Andersson and Preben Neergaard. The film is based upon the 1944 novel by Jens August Schade.\n`\u00a0\u00a0Actor\u00a0`\n`Role`\nHarriet Andersson\n`\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Sofia\u00a0Persson`\nPreben Neergaard\n`\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Sjalof\u00a0Hansen`\nEva Dahlbeck\n`\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Devah\u00a0S\u00f8rensen`\nErik Weders\u00f8e\n`\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Hans\u00a0Madsen`\nLone Rode\n`\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Evangeline\u00a0Hansen`\nLotte Horne\n`\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Mithra`\nElin Reimer\n`\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Calcura`\nBent Christensen\n`Ramon\u00a0Salvador`\nLotte Tarp\n`\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Kose`\nKnud Rex\n`\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Ramon\u00a0Salvador`\nGeorg Rydeberg\n`\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Robert\u00a0Clair\u00a0de\u00a0Lune`\nCassandra Mahon\n`Josefa\u00a0Swell`\nZito Kerras\n`\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Young\u00a0Men\u00a0in\u00a0New\u00a0York`\nOve Rud\n`\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Clergyman`\nBenny Juhlin\n`\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Fresh\u00a0Young\u00a0Man`\n*People Meet and Sweet Music Fills the Heart* won the Bodil Award for Best Danish Film in 1968, and for her leading role, the Swedish actress Andersson also received that year\\'s Bodil Award for Best Actress. The film was also selected as the Danish entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 41st Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee.\n- List of submissions to the 41st Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film\n- List of Danish submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film","parent_id":"5668d71dba9d4aa952e8","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b7291f0415140dcc5485:0","document_content":"# Blessed by Fire\n***Blessed by Fire*** () is a 2005 Argentine war drama film co-written and directed by Trist\u00e1n Bauer. The film features Gast\u00f3n Pauls, Pablo Ribba and Juan Leyrado. The story centers on the Falklands War and it is based on the homonymous book written by Edgardo Esteban, a veteran of the conflict.\nThe story centers on two young men who are sent to fight the 1982 war in the Falkland Islands and who return home bearing the brutal scars of war. Twenty years after the war\\'s end, journalist Esteban Leguizam\u00f3n is informed that Alberto Vargas, one of the men he served with, has attempted suicide after suffering from years of depression brought on by his experiences in the war. Esteban visits the comatose Vargas at the hospital, and in a series of extended flashbacks, revisits the scene of Argentina\\'s \\\"unwinnable war.\\\"\nThe film depicts Esteban and fellow soldiers Vargas and Juan, who are living in foxholes on the remote, windswept Falklands, battling hunger, boredom, abuse, and the deprivations of war as they await the arrival of British forces. A series of harrowing battle scenes with British forces ensues, and the Argentines realise the futility and violence of their mission. They are cannon fodder, pawns in a futile political game.\nBack in the present, Esteban returns to the Falklands to come to terms with himself and the past. The emotional final scenes were shot on location in the Falklands, for the first time in Argentine film. As Esteban looks over the still off-limits battlefields filled with mines, live ammunition, and rusting military equipment, the futility of war is abundantly clear.\n- Gast\u00f3n Pauls as Esteban Leguizam\u00f3n\n- Pablo Ribba as Alberto Vargas\n- C\u00e9sar Albarrac\u00edn as Juan Chamorro\n- Victor Hugo Carrizo as Pizarro\n- Virginia Innocenti as Maria Vargas\n- Juan Leyrado\n- Arturo Bon\u00edn\nThe film was shown on the Australian TV channel SBS on March 17, 2009.\n**Silver Condor**: Graciela Fraguglia, Alejandro Brodersohn, Trist\u00e1n Bauer, Edgardo Esteban, Miguel Bonasso, Gustavo Romero Borri, Virginia Innocenti.","parent_id":"b7291f0415140dcc5485","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"525964fceddb4ec80e71:0","document_content":"# Lise kommer til Byen\n***Lise kommer til Byen*** is a 1947 Danish family film directed by Lau Lauritzen Jr.\u00a0and Alice O\\'Fredericks.\n- Gerda Gilboe as Lise Olsen\n- Poul Reichhardt as Instrukt\u00f8r Dan \\'Basse\\' Burling\n- Lau Lauritzen Jr.\u00a0as Filmdirekt\u00f8r Hans Berg\n- Lisbeth Movin as Scriptgirlen Irma Hansen\n- Lise Thomsen as Skuespiller Nanna Johansen\n- Preben Mahrt as Skuespiller Karl\n- Henning Ahrensborg as Skolel\u00e6rer Nielsen\n- Kjeld Petersen as Forsikringsagent Tage S\u00f8rensen\n- Einar Juhl as Direkt\u00f8r Svendsen\n- Marius Hansen as Krov\u00e6rt\n- Ib Sch\u00f8nberg as Skuespiller Kristoffer \\'Steff\\' Steffensen\n- Sven Gyldmark as Himself\n- Mogens Dam as Himself\n- Poul Bundgaard as Medlem af filmholdet (uncredited)\n- Marie Ejlersen as Herself (uncredited)\n- Johan Jacobsen as Himself (uncredited)\n- Kjeld Jacobsen as Filmoperat\u00f8r (uncredited)\n- Henry Nielsen as Taxachauff\u00f8r (uncredited)\n- Ove Sprog\u00f8e as Filmoperat\u00f8r (uncredited)","parent_id":"525964fceddb4ec80e71","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5d597272b3c3ef0dafeb:0","document_content":"# Ghar Ka Chiraag\n***Ghar Ka Chiraag**\\'\\' (transl.***House Lamp**\\'\\') is a 1989 Indian film in Hindi directed by Sikander Bharti. The film stars Rajesh Khanna, Neelam Kothari and Chunky Pandey in leading roles. The film was fourth highest grossing Hindi film at the box office in 1989. Actor Chunky Pandey himself distributed this film.\n- Rajesh Khanna as Kumar\n- Neelam Kothari as Kiran\n- Chunky Pandey as Ravi\n- Deepika Chikhalia as Asha\n- Om Shivpuri","parent_id":"5d597272b3c3ef0dafeb","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5d597272b3c3ef0dafeb:1","document_content":"# Ghar Ka Chiraag\nKumar is a wealthy businessman and lives a comfortable lifestyle with his lovely wife, Asha, in a palatial house. The only thing missing from their lives is a son. When Asha gets pregnant, Kumar knows that all his dreams will be fulfilled and his business will be known as \\\"Kumar & Son\\\". Unfortunately, Asha has a miscarriage which results in her and her son\\'s deaths. A devastated Kumar takes to alcohol and devotes his energy and finances to a school for needy children in scenic Mussoorie. It is here he meets the College Principal\\'s daughter, Kiran, who he knows is in love with a fellow collegian, Ravi. When Ravi participates in the annual car rally, his vehicle is sabotaged and he is reportedly killed. But the College principal discovers that his daughter is pregnant with Ravi\\'s child and when Kumar learns of this, he agrees to lend his own name to the unborn child. Kiran marries Kumar and they lead a happy married life, though Kumar never had physical relation with Kiran. A son is born and Kumar rears the child as his own, completely ignoring his duties towards his wife. Meanwhile, Ravi survives and with the help of his parents wants to return to Mussoorie. Before that could happen, Kiran\\'s father tells them that Kiran is no more, throwing Ravi into a relapse. Months later Ravi does recover, but refuses to get married. Then five years later he finds out that there will be another car rally there and despite his parents\\' objections, he travels to Mussoorie and this is where he learns that Kiran is still alive and even has a son, and her husband is none other than the wealthy widower - Kumar. Ravi must now find out why Kiran\\'s father lied to him, and whether or not Kiran wanted to marry Kumar because of his wealth. Kumar\\'s life is drastically changes once Ravi reenters their lives.\n`#\u00a0`\n`Title\u00a0`\n`Singer(s)`\n`1`\n`\"Tutak\u00a0Tutak\u00a0Tutiyan\"\u00a0(Female)`\n**`Asha Bhosle`**\n`2`\n`\"Tutak\u00a0Tutak\u00a0Tutiyan\"\u00a0(Male)`\n`Amit\u00a0Kumar`\n`3`\n`\"Papa\u00a0Mere\u00a0Papa\"`\n`Mohammed\u00a0Aziz,\u00a0Sarika\u00a0Kapoor`\n`4`\n`\"Ye\u00a0Qismat\u00a0Hai\u00a0Kya\"\u00a0(Happy)`","parent_id":"5d597272b3c3ef0dafeb","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5d597272b3c3ef0dafeb:2","document_content":"# Ghar Ka Chiraag\n`Mohammed\u00a0Aziz,\u00a0Sapna\u00a0Mukherjee,\u00a0Amit\u00a0Kumar`\n`5`\n`\"Aye\u00a0Kash\u00a0Tum\u00a0Kahdo\u00a0Kabhi\"`\n`Udit\u00a0Narayan,\u00a0Alka\u00a0Yagnik`\n`6`\n`\"Dil\u00a0Lene\u00a0Aaya\u00a0Hoon\"`\n`Shabbir\u00a0Kumar,\u00a0Alisha\u00a0Chinai`\n`7`\n`\"Ye\u00a0Qismat\u00a0Hai\u00a0Kya\"\u00a0(Sad)`\n`Mohammed\u00a0Aziz`\n8\n`\"Aye\u00a0Kash\u00a0Tum\u00a0Kahdo\u00a0Kabhi\"\u00a0(Sad)`\n`Udit\u00a0Narayan,\u00a0Alka\u00a0Yagnik`","parent_id":"5d597272b3c3ef0dafeb","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c1c34412165b33591c9b:0","document_content":"# Chupacabra: Dark Seas\n***Chupacabra: Dark Seas**\\'\\' (released on DVD as***Chupacabra Terror**\\'\\') is a 2005 Syfy channel original film directed by John Shepphird and starring John Rhys-Davies, Giancarlo Esposito, Dylan Neal, and Chelan Simmons. It was filmed on location in the Turks and Caicos Islands.\nDr.\u00a0Pe\u00f1a (Esposito), a cryptozoologist, manages to capture El Chupacabra on a remote Caribbean island and smuggles it aboard the cruise ship Regent Queen, commanded by Captain Randolph (Rhys-Davies) with the assistance of his young daughter, and ship fitness instructor, Jenny (Simmons). The Regent Queen has been experiencing a rash of burglaries, and Federal Marshal Lance Thompson (Neal) is brought on board to investigate.\nUnfortunately, crew members sneak into the cargo hold on their break; their curiosity getting the better of them, they accidentally unlock the container holding the creature. It kills them and escapes into the ship. When bodies start turning up, all passengers are ordered back to their cabins. However, an old woman is trying to catch her Shih Tzu; she follows it into the casino, where she finds, to her horror, El Chupacabra devouring her dog. Seeing the woman a better meal, the beast attacks and eats her.\nU.S. Navy Seals are called in to help stop the creature, but their efforts are hindered by Dr.\u00a0Pe\u00f1a, who believes the creature\\'s life is more valuable than the lives of those aboard. The Navy Seals are killed off one by one by the beast and Dr.\u00a0Pe\u00f1a resorts to using Jenny as live bait to recapture El Chupacabra. However, he is foiled when the beast outsmarts and fatally wounds him. Jenny is saved by Lance and they meet up with her father, who has set the engines to explode as all the other passengers have been evacuated. They flee on a lifeboat moments before the ship blows up and sinks the ship, taking the beast with it. As the group watches the ship sink, Captain Randolph tells Jenny and Lance that he has decided to retire and write his memoirs.","parent_id":"c1c34412165b33591c9b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c1c34412165b33591c9b:1","document_content":"# Chupacabra: Dark Seas\n- John Rhys-Davies as Captain Randolph\n- Dylan Neal as Lance Thompson\n- Chelan Simmons as Jenny Randolph\n- Giancarlo Esposito as Dr.\u00a0Pe\u00f1a\n- Paula Shaw as Millie Hartman\n- David Millbern as Rick McGraw\n- Luke Darnell as Ensign Peters\n- Mark Viniello as El Chupacabra\nThe film was released on DVD by Columbia TriStar on May 3, 2005. It was later released by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment on July 3, 2016.\n*Chupacabra: Dark Seas* received mostly negative reviews upon its release, with many critics criticizing the film\\'s acting, dialogue, and clich\u00e9d script.\n*TV Guide* panned the film, awarding it 1\/4 stars criticizing the film\\'s reliance on cheap thrills and parodistic laughs stating, \\\"though the gore may satisfy die-hard monster mashers, but the cheesy-looking creature isn't fit to touch the gills of the Creature from the Black Lagoon\\\". Andrew Smith from *Popcorn Pictures* awarded the film a score of 3\/10, writing, \\\"Chupacabra: Dark Seas contains some alright moments but it's not nearly enough to have to sit through yet another bargain basement creature feature from the Sci-Fi Channel. With an appalling script which goes through the motions from the opening scene right up until the end credits, even the decent make-up effects can't save this mess.\\\" David Nusair from *ReelFilm Reviews* gave the film 2\/4 stars, calling it \\\"a mildly entertaining horror flick\\\". In his review, Nusair criticized the film\\'s dialogue, and clich\u00e9d story.\nScott Weinberg from DVD Talk called the film \\\"hilarious\\\" writing, \\\"Every conceivable component of the movie - the comically amateurish acting performances, the head-slappingly stupid screenplay, the dry-as-paint directorial approach, the gore-soaked \\\"guy in a rubber suit\\\" monster, the goofball CGI cruise ship used in the various establishing shots---just screams of accidental entertainment.\\\"","parent_id":"c1c34412165b33591c9b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"115ff37770c75e6d7240:0","document_content":"# How Did a Nice Girl Like You Get Into This Business?\n***How Did a Nice Girl Like You Get Into This Business?**\\'\\' ( (also: ) and also known as***The Naughty Cheerleader**\\'\\') is a 1970 West German comedy film directed by Will Tremper and starring Barbi Benton. It is based on the novel of the same title, written by Lynn Keefe.\n- Barbi Benton as Lynn Keefe (as Barbara Benton)\n- Hampton Fancher as Gino\n- Jeff Cooper as Bob Greene\n- Broderick Crawford as B.J Hankins\n- Marc De Vries as Ronnie\n- Claude Farell as Mrs.\u00a0Epstein\n- Hugh Hefner as Himself\n- Klaus Kinski as Juan Jos\u00e9 Ignatio Rodriguez de Calderon, \\'Sam\\'\n- Lisa Lesco\n- Bruce Low as Ist Smirna brother\n- Paul Muller as The Director\n- Roman Murray as Frank\n- Max Nosseck as 2nd Smirna brother\n- Massimo Serato as Capitano\n- Lionel Stander as The Admiral\n- Clyde Ventura as Nick\n- Jos\u00e9 Luis de Vilallonga as Mr.\u00a0Epstein\n- Horst Wendlandt as Reporter with cigar behind the hotel in Miami Beach (uncredited)\n- Christian Anders (minor role)","parent_id":"115ff37770c75e6d7240","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c6f96ac146357b9b4e02:0","document_content":"# Captain Eager and the Mark of Voth\nThe first film ever shot in Cardoscope\n***Captain Eager and the Mark of Voth*** is a 2008 science-fiction\/comedy film directed by Simon DaVision, starring James Vaughan, Tamsin Greig, Mark Heap and Richard Leaf. The film parodies classic B-movies through its deliberately nonsensical, superfluous storyline, poor production values, laughable dialogue and weak, inconsistent performances.\nThe film was shot in London over a period of four weeks, with contributions from several CGI artists. In accordance with the production\\'s knowing satire of cheesy sci-fi, the credits for *Captain Eager* claim that it was filmed using \\\"Card-o-Scope\\\", and that CGI stands for \\\"Cardboard and Gum Imagery\\\".\nSquare-jawed hero Captain Eager is assigned the task of spying on Colonel Regamun, who has taken over the Veritan Sectot using a mysterious device known only as the \\\"Mark of Voth\\\".\nAccompanied by his friends Professor Moon, Nurse Boobalicious, Scamp the Rocket Dog, Scrutty and Jenny, Eager must face down Regamun while also battling various alien monsters from his past adventures.\nThe film polarised critics; while some appreciated the surreal tone and knowing satire, others were left infuriated by the deliberately idiotic storyline and claimed it was a one-joke movie.","parent_id":"c6f96ac146357b9b4e02","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a0153e66d9b12ae87b36:0","document_content":"# Alien Raiders\n***Alien Raiders*** is a 2008 American science fiction horror film, starring Carlos Bernard, Rockmond Dunbar and Mathew St.\u00a0Patrick. The film is Ben Rock\\'s first feature film as a director. The film was produced by Daniel Myrick, John Shiban, and Tony Krantz, and was released by Warner Home Video and Raw Feed in September 2008.\nJust as the local grocery store is about to close, a group of six armed, masked people enter the building. They take the staff and remaining customers hostage and immediately shoot down one of the employees. One of the masked men named Spooky is then told to check whether \\\"he\\\" is among the hostages. When he identifies a woman as one of \\\"them\\\", she tries to escape but is shot down. Meanwhile, a police officer, who was also inside the store, manages to kill one of the masked men. He then calls for back-up and shoots Spooky, who hasn\\'t managed to check all hostages yet. The cop is then killed too.\nAs the police arrive, the group argues whether or not to leave, but their leader, a man named Ritter, tells them that they need to finish their job. They release the hostages Spooky already managed to clear and move the rest to the back of the store. As they inspect one of the corpses, it becomes clear that the person was infected with an organism that breeds inside the person. With Spooky dead, the group resorts to a different method for checking whether the rest of the people are infected or not. One by one, the hostages are taken to another room and have one of their fingers cut off, which Sterling, the doctor of the group, uses to verify if they are infected or not.\nOutside the store a policeman named Seth, whose stepdaughter Whitney works as a cashier at the store, takes charge of the police operation. They discover that Ritter used to work as a rocket scientist and that the group hunts people that are infected with an alien parasite that came to Earth inside a meteorite, which the cops don\\'t believe. Trying to negotiate with Ritter, they come to the agreement that Ritter will release one of the hostages if the police bring them a woman named Charlotte, who used to be part of the group and possesses the same ability as Spooky did.","parent_id":"a0153e66d9b12ae87b36","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a0153e66d9b12ae87b36:1","document_content":"# Alien Raiders\nThe group inside discovers another woman is infected and kill her. They are then attacked by the revived body of the cop, who manages to kill two of the captors and three of the hostages. Ritter then explains to the remaining hostages what they were after: The parasites are divided in two groups, several females and one king. Without the king, the parasites would eventually go extinct. They knew that one of the persons inside the store was the host of the king, which is why they took the whole store hostage.\nSeth and Charlotte then come inside. With Charlotte\\'s help, the group lures the infected cop into a trap, while Seth leads his stepdaughter and the store clerk named Benny, who volunteered to have his finger cut off to spare Whitney the ordeal, outside. Ritter manages to cut the living parasite out of the cop, but is subsequently gunned down by the police who try to kill it.\nJust as Sterling is arrested by Seth, Charlotte realizes that the killed parasite was not the king. Inside a police car, Benny overhears Seth calling the other cops, telling them that Benny must be the king. Benny realizes that it must actually be Whitney, since she was the only one who is still alive and wasn\\'t checked by the captors. As he aims a gun at her, her eyes and veins change to a darker color and the screen fades to black, while Benny is heard screaming.\nThe film holds a 100% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on six reviews with an average score of 7.21\/10. Critics highlighted the unexpectedly high quality effects and acting, which exceeded expectations of a low-budget horror film. The bulk of criticism was aimed at the film\\'s title, which Steve Barton of Dread Central dubbed \\\"ridiculous\\\" while praising the film itself as worthy of a theatrical release.","parent_id":"a0153e66d9b12ae87b36","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"29b92b5d7298fec3dea1:0","document_content":"# The Objective\n***The Objective*** is a 2008 science fiction horror film directed by Daniel Myrick, and co-written by Myrick, Mark A. Patton, and Wesley Clark Jr.\u00a0The film stars Jonas Ball, Matthew R. Anderson, and Michael C. Williams. The plot revolves around CIA Agent Benjamin Keynes recalling the time when he led a Special Forces team through the mountains of Afghanistan in search of an Afghan cleric, only to encounter strange paranormal incidents.\nIt premiered in Morocco in April 2008 and in the United States in February 2009.\nIn Ghazni Province, Afghanistan, a U.S. Army Special Forces team consisting of team leader Chief Warrant Officer Wally Hamer, Master-Sergeant Kenny Tanner, and Sergeants Vince Degetau, Joe Trinoski, Tim Cole, and Pete Sadler meets CIA Agent Benjamin Keynes, who indicates that their mission is to find a very important Afghan cleric by the name of Mohammed Aban. Hamer, briefs the men to be ready. After being inserted, the team finds a local guide, Abdul, in a village in Southern Afghanistan, where Aban is from. Together, they go to the mountains, where the cleric has a reputation for hiding.","parent_id":"29b92b5d7298fec3dea1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"29b92b5d7298fec3dea1:1","document_content":"# The Objective\nAs they go further into the mountains, they begin to have strange encounters. First, they are ambushed by gunmen who kill Trinoski. The team returns fire, killing multiple gunmen, but when they check the bodies, they have disappeared. That night, the team spots headlights of a vehicle approaching. However, the two lights separate and then speedily fly into the sky and disappear. After speculating on what the lights may have been, they radio for a helicopter to resupply them. The next day, they cannot get reception on their radio or GPS. Their truck, damaged from the ambush, is struggling to move up the mountain. At night, the team hears a helicopter approaching, though they cannot spot it. As their radio is not working, they attempt to signal the helicopter. As the helicopter, still unseen, seems to be directly on top of them, the noise abruptly stops (something that shouldn\\'t be physically possible). Meanwhile, the radio picks up what sounds like Persian or Arabic, but no one can understand it. They cache Trinoski\\'s body so that they can move to a safer position for the night. The next morning, the team finds parts of Trinoski\\'s body strewn out across rocks. Further up the mountain, they spot strange, triangular markers made of sticks across the mountain\\'s surface. As they continue on foot with their mission in the rocky and barren landscape, fatigue, frustration and confusion take their toll on the members of the team and they come across a cave. Inside, they find an old man who gives them shelter and refills their canteens. Sergeant Sadler notices that under the man\\'s robes, he appears to be wearing a nineteenth-century British army uniform. Sadler tells the others of a legend of how a British regiment disappeared in Afghanistan\\'s mountains, leaving only one survivor. In the morning Sergeant Cole observes the old man apparently talking to himself, but when Cole looks through his night vision goggles, he sees a group of men with swords in black robes. Panicking, the soldier opens fire, accidentally killing the old man. Abdul says they must bury the body, but Keynes orders the team to move on in case the enemy heard them. Degeteau develops horrible stomach pains. As he tries to drink from a canteen, he finds that it is filled with sand, as are the containers of everyone else. Further on, Abdul is surprised to find that there is an entire valley that wasn\\'t there previously. Tensions further increase when the team encounters a bright light at night. As Tanner and Cole try to flank the light, believing it to be a ruse by the Taliban, they\\'re immediately vaporized. The next morning, Abdul warns Keynes that they are dealing with a supernatural phenomenon that is beyond human conception and has deadly consequences; he then commits suicide by stepping off a cliff.","parent_id":"29b92b5d7298fec3dea1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"29b92b5d7298fec3dea1:2","document_content":"# The Objective\nAs the team progresses further and tensions among the men increase, the remaining soldiers confront Keynes and demand the truth. Keynes shows them a recording from his thermal imaging camera and informs them about the real motive. The thermal video shows a triangular object in the desert. Being nearly invisible to the naked eye, it lifts off the ground after three (supposed) men, including Mohammed Aban, walk to it and vanishes right in front of Keynes\\' eyes. It was this object that killed the men. The CIA has been monitoring this phenomenon since 1980 and sent Keynes and the special forces team there to further investigate it. The whole time, Keynes has been recording with his special thermal camera and sending the images to Langley via an advanced laser aimed at CIA satellites. Keynes theorizes that this object originates from an ancient Indian mythology called \\'Vimanas\\', a sort of UFO-related phenomenon that occurred when Alexander the Great rode through this area of land as he was conquering, and the bright lights and the ghostly gunmen are associated with it. He also explains that the team is an \\'expendable\\' for the investigation and they will not be rescued, which causes a brief scuffle with the agitated team leader, who disappears the next morning.","parent_id":"29b92b5d7298fec3dea1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"29b92b5d7298fec3dea1:3","document_content":"# The Objective\nRunning out of ammunition, water and food, the team wanders further into the desert where they finally encounter the vimanas at what appears to be the location that the British regiment was destroyed. Sadler, overwhelmed with fear, opens fire upon the seemingly invisible vimanas only to be vaporized. Keynes flees with Degetau and abandons him later, as he is too sick to continue, and later hears his screams before being obliterated by the objects. Exhausted and traumatized, Keynes searches for water. He encounters an oasis and drinks water from it only to discover the body of Hamer laying next to the water. Unable to grasp the horror, he passes out. When he wakes up in the night, he hears the distant sound of a helicopter and fires his flare gun. Simultaneously, several flares fire up from the valley. The bright light he encountered earlier re-appears and two beings from it approach him. As it touches his forehead, he sees visions and hallucinations of various objects and landscapes from his previous encounters, causing him to go into a trance. In the final scene he is shown floating several inches above a bed with a talisman he took from Aban\\'s home in his hand, inside a hospital room, where doctors and a military colonel are watching him through a glass window. In a trance, he finally whispers, \\\"It will save us all\\...\\\"\nIn the final credits, interviews of Keynes\\' wife are shown in which she says that the family has not yet been informed about him and concludes him to be missing.\n- Jonas Ball as CIA Agent Benjamin Keynes\n- Matthew R. Anderson as Chief Warrant Officer Wally Hamer, 180A SF Warrant Officer\n- Jon Huertas as Sergeant Vincent Degetau, 18D SF Medical Sgt.\n- Michael C. Williams as Sergeant Joe Trinoski, 18C SF Demolitions\/Engineering Sgt.\n- Sam Hunter as Sergeant Tim Cole, 18E SF Communications Sgt.\n- Jeff Prewett as Sergeant Pete Sadler, 18B SF Weapons Sgt.\/Sniper\n- Kenny Taylor as Master Sergeant Kenny Tanner, 18Z\/18F Senior Team Sgt.\u00a0\/ Intelligence Sgt.\n- Chems-Eddine Zinoune as Abdul\n- P. David Miller as Major Matt McCarthy, 18A SF Officer\n- Vanessa Johansson as Stacy Keanes\n- Jacqueline Harris as Matilde Seymour\nOn Rotten Tomatoes the film has an approval rating of 33% based on reviews from 12 critics.","parent_id":"29b92b5d7298fec3dea1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"487a4c99df9a3c778f5b:0","document_content":"# Clash of Loyalties\n***Clash of Loyalties**\\'\\' (, aka***The Great Question**\\'\\') is a 1983 Iraqi film focusing on the formation of Iraq out of Mesopotamia in the aftermath of the First World War.\nThe film was financed by Saddam Hussein, filmed in Iraq (mainly at the Baghdad Film Studios in Baghdad\\'s Mansour neighbourhood and on location at the Tigris-Euphrates marshlands, Babylon and Kut) at the height of the Iran--Iraq War and starred Oliver Reed as Gerard Leachman, Marc Sinden as Captain Dawson and Helen Ryan as Gertrude Bell, with score by Ron Goodwin.\nInvestigative journalist James Montague, writing in the July 2014 issue of *Esquire* magazine, claimed that Marc Sinden spied for the British Government\\'s Secret Intelligence Service (MI6) during the filming of *Clash of Loyalties* in Iraq, after being made \\\"an offer he couldn't refuse, appealing to his duty and his pride in Queen and Country.\\\" In the article Sinden admitted that it was true.\nIt is known for being the last film made to use the now banned \\\"Running W\\\" technique, invented by famed stuntman Yakima (Yak) Canutt, which was a method of bringing down a horse at the gallop by attaching a wire, anchored to the ground, to its fetlocks and so launching the rider forwards spectacularly at a designated point. It invariably killed the horse, or at best it was unrideable afterwards. The British stuntman Ken Buckle (who had been trained by Yak) performed the highly-dangerous stunt three times during the huge cavalry charge sequence.\nBoth Arab and English versions of the film were produced.\nThe film was nominated for the Golden Prize at the 13th Moscow International Film Festival in 1983. It was screened at the 1984 London Film Festival, but was not otherwise shown theatrically in the United Kingdom.","parent_id":"487a4c99df9a3c778f5b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"487a4c99df9a3c778f5b:1","document_content":"# Clash of Loyalties\n- Yousef al-Any as Blind Leader\n- Ghazi al-Takriti as Dhari al-Mahmood\n- Bernard Archard as Sir Percy Cox\n- John Barron as General Haldane\n- James Bolam as A. T. Wilson\n- Helen Cherry as Lady Cox\n- Barrie Cookson as Colonel Hardcastle\n- Sami Abdul Hameed as Nationalist Leader (as Sami Abdul Hamid)\n- Oliver Reed as Colonel Leachman\n- Helen Ryan as Gertrude Bell\n- Marc Sinden as Captain Dawson\n- Michael Hordern as the Narrator","parent_id":"487a4c99df9a3c778f5b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8fb264d889efe548be68:0","document_content":"# The Girls Are Willing\n***The Girls Are Willing*** () is a 1958 Danish comedy film directed by Gabriel Axel. It was chosen as Denmark\\'s official submission to the 31st Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film, but did not manage to receive a nomination. It was also entered into the 8th Berlin International Film Festival.\n*Guld og gr\u00f8nne skove* was only Gabriel Axel\\'s third feature film as a director, and from it came out in 1958, it took exactly 30 years before in 1988 he won his Academy Award for \\'\\'Babette\\'s Feast.\nThe two small islands, Hven\u00f8 and Birk\u00f8, have been in a decade-long conflict, and it therefore creates big problems when three young men from one island falls in love with three beautiful, young girls from the neighbouring island. Nothing could be more unlikely than a marriage between the islands - let alone three! But one day oil is found on the first island - causing a veritable invasion of the US oil company, American Super Oil Company. And then the whole little sleepy community is turned completely upside down \\...\n- Axel Bang - Sogner\u00e5dsformand Kristian Kristiansen\n- Henny Lindorff Buckh\u00f8j - Martha\n- Verner Tholsgaard - Theo\n- Ole Larsen - Postmester Lars Peter\n- Else-Marie - Thyra\n- Mogens Viggo Petersen - Ole\n- Vals\u00f8 Holm - K\u00f8bmand Anton\n- Cay Kristiansen - Hans\n- Anna Henriques-Nielsen - Jensine\n- Vilhelm Henriques - Organist Mattis\n- Einar Reim - Pastor Breining\n- Keld Markuslund - Skolel\u00e6rer\n- Karl Stegger - Sognefoged S\u00f8ren\n- Hanne Winther-J\u00f8rgensen - Rigmor\n- Judy Gringer - Anna\n- List of submissions to the 31st Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film","parent_id":"8fb264d889efe548be68","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"77de0aa2ea4b850954bb:0","document_content":"# The One and Only (1999 film)\n***The One and Only*** () is a 1999 Danish romantic comedy film directed by Susanne Bier. The film starred Sidse Babett Knudsen, Niels Olsen, Rafael Edholm, and Paprika Steen in story about two unfaithful married couples faced with becoming first-time parents. The film was considered to mark a modern transition in Danish romantic comedies, and became the third biggest box-office success of the 1990s in Denmark. The film earned both the Robert Award and Bodil Award as the Best Film of 1999.\n- Sidse Babett Knudsen as Sus\n- Niels Olsen as Niller\n- Paprika Steen as Stella\n- as Lizzie\n- Sofie Gr\u00e5b\u00f8l as Mulle\n- as Knud\n- Rafael Edholm as Andrea aka Sonny\n- Hella Joof as the adoption lady\n- Liv Corfixen as beauty clinic customer\n- Charlotte Munck as beauty clinic customer\n- Klaus Bondam as Priest\n- Lars Kjeldgaard as one of the couples with new kitchen\n- as one of the couples with new kitchen\n- Vanessa Gouri as Mgala\n- as the Doctor\n- Beauty clinic chief\nThe film was the most successful Danish film for 15 years with admissions of 820,000 and a gross of 38.5 million Krone (\\$5.5 million) in Denmark.","parent_id":"77de0aa2ea4b850954bb","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1c6fc81b172342451c5f:0","document_content":"# Last Exit to Brooklyn (film)\n***Last Exit to Brooklyn*** is a 1989 German-British-American drama film directed by Uli Edel and adapted by Desmond Nakano from Hubert Selby Jr.\\'s 1964 novel of the same title.\nThe difficult lives of unionized workers, prostitutes, and drag queens in a working class Brooklyn neighborhood are portrayed, including drugs, crime and violence.\n- Stephen Lang as Harry Black\n- Jennifer Jason Leigh as Tralala\n- Burt Young as Big Joe\n- Peter Dobson as Vinnie\n- Jerry Orbach as Boyce\n- Stephen Baldwin as Sal\n- Jason Andrews as Tony\n- James Lorinz as Freddy\n- Sam Rockwell as Al\n- Maia Danziger as Mary Black\n- Camille Saviola as Ella\n- Ricki Lake as Donna\n- Cameron Johann as Spook\n- John Costelloe as Tommy\n- Christopher Murney as Paulie\n- Alexis Arquette as Georgette\n- Mark Boone Junior as Willie\n- Rutanya Alda as Georgette\\'s mother\nThere had been several attempts to adapt *Last Exit to Brooklyn* into a film prior to this version. One of the earliest attempts was made by producer Steve Krantz and animator Ralph Bakshi, who wanted to direct a live-action film based on the novel. Bakshi had sought out the rights to the novel after completing *Heavy Traffic*, a film which shared many themes with Selby\\'s novel. Selby agreed to the adaptation, and actor Robert De Niro accepted the role of Harry in *Strike*. According to Bakshi, \\\"the whole thing fell apart when Krantz and I had a falling out over past business. It was a disappointment to me and Selby. Selby and I tried a few other screenplays after that on other subjects, but I could not shake *Last Exit* from my mind.\\\"\nSome scenes for the film were shot at Montero\\'s Bar and Grill, which was owned by Pilar Montero and her husband.\nThe film received positive reviews, garnering a 74% rating on review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes from 19 critics, and winning a few critics\\' awards for Leigh\\'s portrayal of Tralala, though its limited distribution and downbeat subject matter prevented it from becoming a commercial success.\n- *Last Exit to Brooklyn* (soundtrack)","parent_id":"1c6fc81b172342451c5f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"abc5b395ff24f1076150:0","document_content":"# The Swimsuit Issue\n***The Swimsuit Issue*** (; ) is a 2008 Swedish film directed by M\u00e5ns Herngren.\nFredrik discovers synchronised swimming and recruits some friends to compete in an international competition for men.\n- Jonas Inde as Fredrik\n- Amanda Davin as Sara\n- Andreas Rothlin-Svensson as Charles\n- Jimmy Lindstr\u00f6m as Larry\n- Peter Gardiner as Victor\n- Benny Haag as Peter\n- Shebly Niavarani as B\u00f6rje\n- Kalle Westerdahl as Markus\n- Maria Langhammer as Lillemor","parent_id":"abc5b395ff24f1076150","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cc639acf94d9ed22e474:0","document_content":"# Summer Love (2006 film)\n***Summer Love**\\'\\' also known as***Dead Man\\'s Bounty**\\'\\', is a 2006 Western film written and directed by Piotr Ukla\u0144ski and starring Bogus\u0142aw Linda, Karel Roden, and Val Kilmer. The plot involves a desert countryside with a group of rowdy cowboys, a woman bar tender and a drunkard Sheriff.\nA peaceful village suddenly turns violent when a certain stranger walks into a bar with the poster of a wanted man. He enters into a scuffle with other cowboys. He manages to escape from the clutches of the locals and then is chased by them.\n- Summer Love at IMD\n- Film Card","parent_id":"cc639acf94d9ed22e474","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6a08376871be8783d873:0","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu\n***Tanu Weds Manu*** is a 2011 Indian Hindi-language romantic comedy-drama by Aanand L. Rai, and produced by Shailesh R Singh. It stars R. Madhavan, Kangana Ranaut, Jimmy Sheirgill, Eijaz Khan, Swara Bhaskar and Deepak Dobriyal. The story of the film has been written by Himanshu Sharma, music is directed by Krsna Solo and the lyrics penned by Rajshekhar. The film was released on 25 February 2011. Upon release, the film was commercially successful, particularly in Delhi, UP and Punjab. It was dubbed in German and released under the title *Tanu Und Manu Trauen Sich*. The film was remade in Telugu as *Mr.\u00a0Pellikoduku*. A sequel, titled *Tanu Weds Manu: Returns* was released on 22 May 2015.\nManoj Kumar Sharma alias Manu (Madhavan) is an NRI doctor living in London. He comes to India to find an Indian bride and get married. His parents have already short-listed some girls for him to meet, and they, along with his friend Pappi (Deepak Dobriyal) take him to Kanpur to meet Tanuja Trivedi alias Tanu (Kangana Ranaut). After they land in Kanpur, a bunch of goons grab Manu from the rail station and give him a few slaps, but when Pappi finds Manu he tells him to let it go. At Tanu\\'s house, the two sets of parents find that they get on extremely well with each other, and decide that if Manu likes Tanu, they can finalize the matter immediately. There is one minor hitch: Tanu\\'s mother tells her guests that Tanu has been ill since yesterday and is unable to rise from bed. She asks Manu to go up to Tanu\\'s bedroom and meet her there. She shows Manu to Tanu\\'s room and goes away to the kitchen. Tanu is very unresponsive, and Manu initially thinks that she is shy and bashful. He soon realizes that Tanu is in fact fast asleep. He gazes upon her beautiful sleeping figure, and promptly becomes enamored. He comes downstairs and tells both the families that he is willing to marry her.","parent_id":"6a08376871be8783d873","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6a08376871be8783d873:1","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu\nBefore making the engagement public, the families decide to go on a pilgrimage and seek the blessings of God. During the train journey, Tanu finds an opportunity to speak privately with Manu, and tells him that she had intentionally taken sleeping pills to fall asleep, to avoid meeting him. She tells him rudely that she loves someone else, and that she has her lover\\'s name tattooed on her chest; she also tells him that the thugs who had roughed him up when he initially landed in Kanpur had been sent by her boyfriend. She demands that Manu should now reject her. Manu is extremely disappointed because he likes her immensely, but he dutifully does the decent thing. Taking the blame upon himself, and not revealing to anyone the fact that the girl is having a love affair with another man, he tells his father to convey to Tanu\\'s parents that he has decided not to marry her. Tanu\\'s parents are more than a little miffed at this turn of events, but since the forthcoming engagement was known only to them, there is no public loss of face.\nWeeks pass, and Manu\\'s parents bring out other proposals from their shortlist for him to meet. He meets several prospective girls from suitable families, but cannot forget Tanu. One of the girls he meets is Ayushi (Neha Kaul), whose hand has become crooked due to some problem. While the two families are sitting together, Ayushi\\'s brother Raja (Jimmy Sheirgill) comes home, bloodied and disheveled. His father expresses frustration that Raja keeps getting in fights. Later on the roof, Raja and Manu have a conversation where Raja advises Manu to marry his sister despite the condition of her hand as it does not stop her from doing her works properly, and it will heal with proper treatment anyway. Manu agrees that Ayushi is very nice but says he is \\'helpless\\' and cannot marry her. Raja understands something is amiss and respects Manu for being honest.","parent_id":"6a08376871be8783d873","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6a08376871be8783d873:2","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu\nLater at home Manu declares he would rather not get married now, and expresses his wish to leave for London. But Pappi informs him about the wedding of another school friend Jassi (Eijaz Khan) and they travel to Punjab to attend it. Upon arriving, Manu finds out that Tanu is also attending the wedding, and that she is a friend of Payal (Swara Bhaskar), Jassi\\'s bride-to-be. Jassi and Pappi advise Manu to try and win her over. Over the next few days, Manu and Tanu strike up a friendship. Tanu still has the boyfriend but enjoys Manu\\'s attention, and when Manu inquires about her boyfriend she jokes that for her any guy (or even girl) would do as long as it is not her father\\'s choice. Manu is encouraged. But someone else at the wedding is also crushing on Tanu, and seeing her and Manu spending time together he calls Tanu\\'s parents with the intention of worrying them about a scandal. Jassi called and invited Manu\\'s parents and incidentally both sets of parents arrive at the same time. Tanu thinks that Manu has called them up and is trying to reestablish their cancelled wedding connection. She is upset. This causes tension among her, Manu, Jassi and Payal; feeling guilty, Manu decides to leave. But Tanu comes to the rail station to stop him and tells him she is on the verge of eloping, that she and her lover are going to get secretly married in a registry office, and then present her parents with a *fait accompli*. She asks him to stay till the wedding.","parent_id":"6a08376871be8783d873","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6a08376871be8783d873:3","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu\nManu is heartbroken. As Pappi and he leave on a train back to Chandigarh, they meet Raja again, and after explaining to Raja how Manu is in love with someone, Raja states they will all go back to Kanpur and promises Manu he will marry him to any girl he falls in love with. Jassi also calls and tells Manu that he will not marry without him being present. As Manu and Pappi reach Jassi\\'s \\\"baraat\\\", Manu receives a call from Raja, revealing that Raja is Tanu\\'s boyfriend. Despite Pappi chiding him for it, Manu goes to the registrar\\'s office to be a witness to Raja and Tanu\\'s marriage. The man who is supposed to marry them is busy on the phone and when they are not able to find a pen to sign the papers the man says it is late anyway and they should come back tomorrow for their marriage. While going back, Raja tells Manu that he does not want to be married in this stealthy way, but Tanu\\'s family would never accept him as nobody would recommend him to them properly. Hearing this, Manu later talks to Tanu\\'s father, and convinces him to accept Raja. Tanu\\'s father accepts somewhat unwillingly, and wonders out loud why Manu is doing this. He and Tanu\\'s mother would prefer Manu as their son in law and had been delighted when they got the call about Manu and Tanu being together.","parent_id":"6a08376871be8783d873","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6a08376871be8783d873:4","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu\nTanu is scolded by Payal. She accuses Tanu for not being entirely happy with not having to elope- there is no novelty in a proper arranged marriage- not being grateful enough to Manu and not being able to see his love for her. Preparations for Tanu\\'s wedding with Raja begin. The wedding gift from Manu is a large poster, a collage of numerous photographs of Tanu in her various moods and poses, which Manu had snapped on various occasions, including the one of the first time Manu saw her. Tanu is touched. Later, Raja does not have the time to buy Tanu a wedding lehenga as he has to be somewhere else urgently, so he asks Manu to help him out. It is painful for Manu, but he goes with Tanu to shop for her bridal outfit. While coming back, Tanu asks him whether he actually had a pen with him at the registrar\\'s office. Manu confesses that he did, and lied about not having one like an idiot because he didn\\'t want her to marry Raja. He also talks about his lonely life in London, how he fell in love with Tanu at first sight and how however much he tried to stay away from her it didn\\'t work. Meanwhile, one of the goons who beat Manu up on behalf of Raja has noticed them together in the jeep, recognized him and called Raja. Raja appears, and it is unclear how much of the conversation he has heard, but he takes Tanu away.\nRaja and Tanu have a fight. Tanu confesses she has feelings for Manu. Raja is angry, and demands Tanu still marries him as, a few months of fulfilling her wifely duties will make her forget everything.\nRaja drops Tanu home. She is torn and emotional, and pulling Manu aside she demands to clearly know whether he loves her or not. She will only believe it if Manu puts his palm on her cheek and professes his love. Manu does so. Tanu, relieved and elated, decides to marry Manu, not Raja.","parent_id":"6a08376871be8783d873","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6a08376871be8783d873:5","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu\nTanu\\'s parents rejoice at this turn of events. Manu\\'s parents are also on board with this alliance. But when everyone goes to Raja\\'s place to cancel Tanu\\'s wedding with him, a furious Raja threaten them with a gun and warns of dire consequences if Tanu is married to anyone other than him. He promises he will come to marry Tanu at due time. Everyone comes back worried but Manu is adamant on his wedding with Tanu taking place. Tanu\\'s father bribes an Inspector of Police as per the instruction of Pappi and Jassi, and gets Raja arrested on false charges. The plan is that Raja will remain in jail for a few days, during which time Tanu will be married and safely sent away. However, everyone is shocked to see that Raja is arriving with a wedding procession as promised, at the wedding venue at the same time as Manu, the bridegroom. Raja brandishes a gun and creates a scene. Manu however refuses to be scared and begins reasoning with Raja. Meanwhile, Tanu appears at the door, dressed as a bride, and tells Raja she would only be scared for Manu and as he is not scared, she is not either. The two of them begin to walk away together. Raja aims the gun and almost pulls the trigger, but thinks better of it in the end. He says no one wants him to marry Tanu, not even his mother has given him her blessings for it. He then reminds Manu of the promise he had made to him, and he decides to honor his promise, and tells Tanu he might be many things, but he is not a betrayer. Thus Raja decides to do the right thing, and congratulates the couple with quiet pain evident on his face. He leaves as the proceedings for Tanu and Manu\\'s wedding starts once more.","parent_id":"6a08376871be8783d873","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6a08376871be8783d873:6","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu\n- R. Madhavan as Dr.\u00a0Manoj Kumar Sharma a.k.a. \\\"Manu\\\"\n- Kangana Ranaut as Tanuja Trivedi (later Sharma) a.k.a. \\\"Tanu\\\"\n- Jimmy Sheirgill as Raja Awasthi\n- Eijaz Khan as Jasspreet \\\"Jassi\\\" Gill\n- Swara Bhaskar as Payal Jassi Gill (Nee\\'Sinha)\n- Deepak Dobriyal as Pappi Kutti\n- K K Raina as Kishan Kumar Sharma\n- Dipti Mishra as Anju Sharma\n- Rajendra Gupta as Rajendra Trivedi\n- Navni Parihar as Radha Trivedi\n- Neha Kaul as Ayushi Awasthi , Raja\\'s sister\n- Ravi Kishan as Raja\\'s friend\n- Archana Shukla as Bulbul Sas\nThe film had been originally announced with Konkana Sen Sharma playing the role of Tanu. However, after a period of stall, the film was re-announced with Kangana Ranaut replacing the character.\n\n### Critical response\n*Tanu Weds Manu* opened to mixed-to-positive reviews from critics. It was praised for its screenplay and the unconventional and unpredictable situations the characters face, but received criticism for the slow-pace narrative and clich\u00e9d storyline.\nCritic Taran Adarsh of *Bollywood Hungama* rated it 3.5\/5 and noted that \\\"*Tanu Weds Manu* is a feel-good, light-hearted entertainer with the right dose of humor, drama and romance, besides a popular musical score and some smart dialogue that act as toppings. If you like simple, uncomplicated films that tug at your heartstrings, then chances are that you might just like this sweet little rom-com.\\\"\nKomal Nahta, from *Koimoi* says \\\"On the whole, *Tanu Weds Manu* is a family entertainer which will hit the bull's eye. It may be a slow starter but it will pick up phenomenally by positive word of mouth and ultimately go on to become a hit.\\\"","parent_id":"6a08376871be8783d873","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6a08376871be8783d873:7","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu\n### Critical response\nNikhat Kazmi, from *Times of India* stated \\\"the first thing that strikes you about *Tanu Weds Manu* is a striking sense of familiarity. It wasn\\'t long before you saw Shahid Kapoor playing a similar sacrificial lover to Kareena Kapoor in *Jab We Met*. But the deja vu doesn\\'t last long. For despite the predictable -- and paper-thin -- storyline, the film manages to hook you with its sheer atmospherics. Fun while it lasts, *Tanu Weds Manu* throws up Bollywood\\'s newest obsession -- small town girls and their gunas (values) -- once again. A meatier storyline and a less messed-up climax would have worked wonders for the film.\\\"\nAnupama Chopra from *NDTV* gave 2.5\/5 and noted \\\"Though the director picked up an interesting subject, he has not succeeded in executing his story effectively on screen -- there are not enough laughs in the film. But there is something missing to make it a perfect romantic comedy. If you are looking for a great romantic comedy, this is not the one, but watch it for Madhavan and his chemistry with Dobriyal.\\\"\nNoyon Jyoti Parasara of *NowRunning.com* too gave 2.5\/5 and wrote \\\"*TWM* turns out to be an average film because of the weak second-half. It has a feel-good factor to it, which should work with some part of the audience.\\\"\nCritic Sukanya Verma from *Rediff* gave it a 3\/5 rating explaining \\\"*Tanu Weds Manu* is a pleasant experience for most part. Sharma fails to maintain the zing till the very end though. A disappointing, lengthy and gabby third-act makes *Tanu Weds Manu*\\'s running time of 2 hours and 15 minutes longer than it is. It doesn\\'t take offence at anything but will charm you anyway.","parent_id":"6a08376871be8783d873","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6a08376871be8783d873:8","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu\n### Critical response\nMonica Chopra from *Sify* rated 3\/5 and mentioned \\\"What\\'s not to like? There\\'s the shaadi-baaraat, the romance, lovely clothes, and the atmospherics that transport you into another world.Yes, the film is clich\u00e9-ridden, has elements of rom-coms like *Jab We Met*, and Shergill\\'s character-track doesn\\'t quite add up, but the film isn\\'t aiming for anything more than a one-time watch entertainer. Anand L Rai (*Thodi Life Thoda Magic*, *Strangers*) makes a sweet romantic comedy that\\'ll have you smiling as you leave the theatre.\\\"\nRajeev Masand of *CNN IBN* gave it a 2 star-rating explaining \\\"*Tanu Weds Manu* isn\\'t all bad. There are portions in the first-half that are enjoyable. But held together by a fractured script, they fail to take good shape.\\\"\n\n### Box-Office\n*Tanu Weds Manu* collected Rs. 185\u00a0million in its first week of release. The film held up well in its second week with collections of around Rs. 85.0\u00a0million. Its 2-week total was Rs. 272.5\u00a0million nett. Its business was steady in the third week with around Rs. 50\u00a0million nett which took the collections to Rs. 322.5\u00a0million nett in 3 weeks. In the fourth week, the film collected Rs. 35.0\u00a0million nett taking its 4-week collections to Rs. 360\u00a0million nett.\nThe soundtracks are composed by Krsna Solo with lyrics written by Rajshekhar.\n`Song\u00a0`\n`Singer(s)\u00a0`\nDuration\n`\"Sadi\u00a0Gali\"\u00a0\u2013\u00a0(Rhythm\u00a0Dhol\u00a0Bass)`\n`Lehmber\u00a0Hussainpuri`\n`4:24`\n`\"Yun\u00a0Hi\"`\n`Mohit\u00a0Chauhan,\u00a0Ujjaini\u00a0Mukherjee`\n`4:19`\n`\"Rangrez\"`\n`Krsna\u00a0Solo`\n`6:12`\n`\"Piya\"`\n`Roop\u00a0Kumar\u00a0Rathod`\n`5:29`\n`\"Mannu\u00a0Bhaiya\"`\n`Sunidhi\u00a0Chauhan,\u00a0Ujjaini\u00a0Mukherjee,\u00a0Niladri`\n`4:49`\n`\"Jugni\"`\n`Mika`\n`3:11`","parent_id":"6a08376871be8783d873","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6a08376871be8783d873:9","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu\n### Box-Office\n`\"Rangrez\"\u00a0(Hey\u00a0Rangrez\u00a0Mere\u00a0Hey)`\n`Wadali\u00a0brothers\u00a0(Puranchand\u00a0Wadali,\u00a0Pyare\u00a0Lal\u00a0Wadali)`\n`6:24`\n`Award\u00a0Ceremony`\n`Category`\n`Recipient`\n`Result`\n`Ref`\n57th Filmfare Awards\nBest Supporting Actress\nSwara Bhaskar\nRD Burman Award\nKrsna Solo\n`4th\u00a0Mirchi\u00a0Music\u00a0Awards`\n`Upcoming\u00a0Female\u00a0Vocalist\u00a0of\u00a0The\u00a0Year`\n`Ujjaini\u00a0Mukherjee\u00a0-\u00a0\"Manu\u00a0Bhaiya\"`\n`Upcoming\u00a0Music\u00a0Composer\u00a0of\u00a0The\u00a0Year`\n`Krsna\u00a0-\u00a0\"Jugni\"`\n`Song\u00a0representing\u00a0Sufi\u00a0tradition`\n`\"Rangrez\"`\n2012 Zee Cine Awards\nBest Actor in a Supporting Role -- Female\nSwara Bhaskar\n13th IIFA Awards\n`Best\u00a0Actress\u00a0In\u00a0A\u00a0Leading\u00a0Role`\n`Kangana\u00a0Ranaut`\n`Best\u00a0Supporting\u00a0Actress`\nSwara Bhaskar\nBest Performance In A Comic Role\nDeepak Dobriyal\nBest Story\nHimanshu Sharma\n18th Screen awards\nBest Actor\nR. Madhavan\nBest Actress\nKangana Ranaut\n`Best\u00a0Supporting\u00a0Actress`\nSwara Bhaskar\nBest Music Director\nKrsna Solo\nBest Dialogue\nHimanshu Sharma\n*Tanu Weds Manu* remake is done in Telugu as *Mr.\u00a0Pellikoduku* with actress Isha Chawla along with South Indian actor Sunil.\nFollowing the positive response from *Tanu Weds Manu*, the team considered making a sequel to carry a story forward showing the next chapter of the couple\\'s life. The sequel titled *Tanu Weds Manu: Returns* was released on 22 May 2015. The film received positive reviews from critics, with particular praise directed towards Ranaut\\'s performance.. It was a super-hit at the box-office with the worldwide collection of .","parent_id":"6a08376871be8783d873","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a27564ccb694a39af749:0","document_content":"# MW (film)\n***MW*** is a live-action Japanese film released in 2009 and based on the manga of the same name by Osamu Tezuka. The film was directed by Hitoshi Iwamoto. The film was shot in Kant\u014d region for 40 days, and the car chase scene was shot in Bangkok.\n- Hiroshi Tamaki as Michio Y\u016bki\n- Takayuki Yamada as Y\u016btar\u014d Garai\n- Yusuke Yamamoto as Satoshi Mizohata\n- Rio Yamashita as a girl at a church\n- Shingo Tsurumi as Matsuo\n- Ryo Ishibashi as Kazuyuki Sawaki\n- Yuriko Ishida as Ky\u014dko Makino","parent_id":"a27564ccb694a39af749","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"42a29648ce20f02ac468:0","document_content":"# A Wicked Ghost\n***A Wicked Ghost*** is a 1999 Hong Kong horror film directed by Leung Hung-wah, starring Francis Ng, Gigi Lai, Gabriel Harrison, Edward Mok, Nelson Ngai and Celia Sze. It was followed by *A Wicked Ghost II: The Fear* in 2000 and *A Wicked Ghost III: The Possession* in 2002.\nAnnie and three friends play a game of \\\"contacting ghosts\\\". While they are playing, Annie\\'s boyfriend Ming sees a ghost and immediately stops them. After the three friends die under mysterious circumstances, Ming\\'s sister Cissy is worried that something will happen to Ming so she seeks help from her friend Fa-mo. In the meantime, Annie is possessed by a ghost, who tells Ming that Annie has three days to live.\nAfter doing some research, Ming and Fa-mo travel to an abandoned village and find Lee Keung, an old man who grew up there. He tells them about Cho Yan-may, a Cantonese opera singer who was framed for adultery and killed by the villagers. In the three days after her death, Cho\\'s vengeful ghost caused 66 villagers to die in unnatural ways.\nWhile drinking from a freshwater pool near the village, they see Cho\\'s ghost in the water and believe that Cho\\'s remains have ended up in the pool. Fa-mo and Ming figure out that Cho\\'s ghost can \\\"pollute\\\" the water in the freshwater pool with her vengeful aura and cause people who drink from it to experience hallucinations and kill themselves. They manage to stop Cissy\\'s fianc\u00e9 Jack, who is in a trance, from forcing Cissy to drink the water.","parent_id":"42a29648ce20f02ac468","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"42a29648ce20f02ac468:1","document_content":"# A Wicked Ghost\nWhen Ming dives into the pool to find Cho\\'s remains, he passes through a supernatural portal and finds her body, but she strangles him to death. Upon realising that Ming is dead, Fa-mo rushes back to Jack\\'s home and drinks the \\\"polluted\\\" water so that he can see Cho\\'s ghost and confront her. When he hugs Cissy, whom he has a crush on, she transforms into Cho. He realises that it is an illusion, so he embraces her tightly. Thinking that they truly love each other, Cho\\'s ghost spares them and disappears. When Jack regains consciousness, he is unhappy to see Fa-mo embracing his fianc\u00e9e. Cho\\'s ghost suddenly appears beside him and he screams.\n- Francis Ng as Fa-mo\n- Gigi Lai as Cissy\n- Gabriel Harrison as Ming\n- Edward Mok as Jack\n- Chow Yan-yan as Cho Yan-may\n- Nelson Ngai as Cho\\'s husband\n- Celia Sze as Annie\n- Lui Tat as Lee Keung\n  - Cheung Yue-lee as Lee Keung (boy)\n- Lam Suk-yan as Biggie\n- Joseph Tang as Rubbish\n- Man Yeung as Big-B","parent_id":"42a29648ce20f02ac468","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"bd664e812b41b055e0bb:0","document_content":"# A Wicked Ghost III: The Possession\n***A Wicked Ghost III: The Possession*** is a 2002 Hong Kong horror film produced by Stanley Tong, directed by Hung Chung-hap and starring Gigi Lai, Cheung Tat-ming, Grace Lam, Yip Sai Wing, Wayne Lai, Patrick Keung, Jenny Yam and Joyce Han. It is preceded by *A Wicked Ghost* in 1999 and *A Wicked Ghost II: The Fear* in 2000.\nMay, a film producer\\'s assistant, finds a spirit tablet in an outdoor filming location. She takes it with her to prevent it from being damaged, but strange things start happening to her friends. They either die or sustain serious injuries. Eventually, she realises that there is a vengeful spirit attached to the tablet and it is leading her towards death in order to complete its desire when it was still alive.\n- Gigi Lai as Catherine \/ Ding-dong Taoist\n- Cheung Tat-ming as Bibi\n- Grace Lam as May\n- Yip Sai Wing as Tom Cool\n- Wayne Lai as Leung Kam-chung\n- Patrick Keung as Wong Chou-shui\n- Jenny Yam as Fiona\n- Joyce Han as Dazy","parent_id":"bd664e812b41b055e0bb","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"25d789aaa164d78aadba:0","document_content":"# A Step into the Darkness\n***A Step into the Darkness*** () is a 2009 Turkish drama film, directed by Atil Inac, starring Suzan Gen\u00e7 as an Iraqi refugee who travels to Turkey in search of her missing brother after losing her entire family when soldiers raid their village. The film, which went on nationwide general release across Turkey on , has won awards at international film festivals in Ankara, Antalya and Tiburon.\nAtil Inac\\'s second feature film *A Step into the Darkness* was in local theaters on September 17, 2010. The film was premiered at the 33rd Montreal World Film Festival in the summer of 2009, where it was highly praised by Quebecers. It was the opening film of the International Film Festival of Kerala, India. It won the Golden Reel Award for Best Cinematography at the Tiburon International Film Festival in San Francisco and Best Film Award at the South European Film Festival in Los Angeles. \"A Step Into the Darkness\" was written by Avni \u00d6zg\u00fcrel - Atil Inac and produced by Ayfer \u00d6zg\u00fcrel. It was shot on location in Iraqi cities of Arbil and Mosul, and in Adiyaman, Urfa, and Istanbul, Turkey.\nThe film tells the tragic story of an Iraqi-Turkish girl, Cennet, who loses her entire family during a US-led operation against insurgents in her village in US-occupied Iraq. She makes a distressing journey through the border between Turkey and Iraq to find her brother who had been sent to Turkey for treatment.\n\n### General release\nThe film opened on general release in 27 screens across Turkey on at number 18 in the Turkish box office chart with an opening weekend gross of US\\$11,429.\n\n### Awards\n- 21st Ankara International Film Festival (March 11--21, 2010) - Best Supporting Actress Award: Selen U\u00e7ar (Won)\n- Tiburon International Film Festival - Golden Reel Award for Best Cinematography: At\u0131l \u0130na\u00e7 (Won)\n- 17th Adana \\\"Golden Boll\\\" International Film Festival (Sept 20-26, 2010) - Most Promising Newcomer (actress): Suzan Gen\u00e7 (Won)\n- 2009 in film\n- Turkish films of 2009","parent_id":"25d789aaa164d78aadba","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7a500ed60777cfffc2e2:0","document_content":"# Princess Fragrance (film)\n***Princess Fragrance***, released as ***Gebi Enchou Lu*** (\u6208\u58c1\u6069\u4ec7\u5f55) in mainland China, is a 1987 Hong Kong film based on Louis Cha\\'s novel *The Book and the Sword*. The film is a sequel to *The Romance of Book and Sword*, released earlier in the same month and also directed by Ann Hui.\nThe film is largely seen as a faithful adaptation of the original novel; however, it is less available now due to limited releases on VCD and DVD.\nThe film covers the second half of the Louis Cha\\'s novel *The Book and the Sword*. It introduces another protagonist, Princess Fragrance, who does not appear in the first film *The Romance of Book and Sword*.\n- Zhang Duofu as adult Chen Jialuo\n  - Jiang Wei as young Chen Jialuo\n- Aiyinuo as Princess Fragrance\n- Chang Dashi as Qianlong Emperor\n- Liu Jia as Huoqingtong\n- Ding Cuihua as Luo Bing\n- L\u00fc Yongquan as Taoist Wuchen\n- Yu Dalu as Zhao Banshan\n- Guo Bichuan as Wen Tailai\n- Wang Jingqiu as Zhang Jin\n- Hou Changrong as Yu Yutong\n- Chen Youwang as Xu Tianhong\n- Ren Naichang as Shi Shuangying\n- Zhang Jun as Chang Bozhi\n- Wang Wei as Chang Hezhi\n- Zheng Jianhua as Jiang Sigen\n- Fu Yongcai as Wei Chunhua\n- Sun Chenxi as Xinyan\n- Wang Hongtao as Yu Wanting\n- Wu Chunsheng as Zhang Zhaozhong\n- Yang Junsheng as Heshen\n- Ding Tao as Zhaohui\n- Si Gengtian as Messenger\n- A\\'Si\\'er as Dahu\n- Kuli Sitan as Erhu\n- Fan Yin as Sanhu\n- Jiapa\\'er as Sihu\n- Hadi\\'er as Muzhuolun\n- Aniwa\\'er as Huo\\'ayi","parent_id":"7a500ed60777cfffc2e2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"13d8dfac09ed1ebf71bf:0","document_content":"# Love Is All You Need\n***Love Is All You Need*** (, Lit.: The Bald Hairdresser) is a 2012 Danish romantic comedy film directed by Susanne Bier and starring Pierce Brosnan and Trine Dyrholm.\nDanish hairdresser Ida (Trine Dyrholm), who has recently completed a successful breast cancer treatment after undergoing a mastectomy, returns home to find her husband Leif having an affair with his accountant, Tilde. In a different part of Copenhagen,\nEnglish businessman Philip (Pierce Brosnan) is a successful exporter of fruits and vegetables who has become misanthropic after the death of his wife.\nMeanwhile, Ida\\'s daughter Astrid and Philip\\'s son Patrick have gone to Italy to prepare Patrick\\'s family\\'s villa for their wedding, which is to take place only three months after they met.\nIda is in denial about her husband leaving her. She intends to travel alone to Italy for the wedding, but at Copenhagen airport she bumps into Philip for the first time (her car collides with Philip\\'s). After he shouts at her for being a reckless driver he realizes she is Astrid\\'s mother and the two travel the rest of the way to the villa together. They do not have a favourable view of one another as Philip finds Ida irritating while Ida thinks that Philip is rude and mean.\nAt the villa drama ensues when Leif brings his new girlfriend, Tilde, to the wedding and everyone is surprised when she introduces herself as his fianc\u00e9e. Upset, Ida goes for a swim in the cove near the house. Philip sees her swimming nude and runs to urge her out of the water as the current can be dangerous. On their walk home he shows her the groves of lemon and orange trees on the estate.\nPhilip begins to feel attracted to Ida\\'s warm and sunny personality and eventually confides the way in which his wife died to her. He also rejects the advances of Benedikte, his sister-in-law. At a celebration before the wedding Philip dances with Ida. He allows Leif to cut in but after he pushes Ida around their son comes to Ida\\'s rescue and punches Leif. Philip then tells Ida she\\'s beautiful and wonderful but they are interrupted by Benedikte.","parent_id":"13d8dfac09ed1ebf71bf","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"13d8dfac09ed1ebf71bf:1","document_content":"# Love Is All You Need\nBack at the party Patrick sees Astrid grinding on Alessandro, a hired hand at the villa. He breaks them apart but Astrid tells him that he is gay. When he goes to apologize to Alessandro the two end up kissing.\nThe morning of the wedding Patrick disappears. Philip finds him and Patrick confesses that he doesn\\'t want to marry and only did it in part because he thought it was something Philip would want him to do. Before the ceremony Patrick and Astrid inform the guests they will not be getting married. Ida goes to comfort Astrid and Philip comforts Patrick. Philip is able to say goodbye to Ida before she leaves but they do not say anything of consequence.\nSometime later after arriving back in Denmark Ida comes home to a house filled with roses. Leif tells Ida he still loves her and apologizes to her for leaving her for Tilde. Philip meanwhile finds his life cold and unsatisfactory. He goes to visit Ida at the salon where she works and tells her that he is cutting back on his workload and moving to Italy. He asks Ida to come and visit him. Ida tells him that Leif has moved back and that she loves him. Back at home Ida realizes she no longer loves Leif and dumps him.\nIda goes to Italy, ditching her wig and wearing her short hair which is growing back from chemo. She goes to Italy where she finds Philip who has gone back to working in the lemon orchard on his estate. She asks him to sit with her while she opens a letter from the hospital giving her her latest test results. Philip and Ida kiss before they open the letter. After reading the results they smile and then kiss again.\n- Pierce Brosnan as Philip\n- Trine Dyrholm as Ida\n- Kim Bodnia as Leif\n- Paprika Steen as Benedikte\n- as Patrick\n- as Astrid\n- as Tilde\n- Micky Skeel Hansen as Kenneth\n- Bodil J\u00f8rgensen as Lizzie\n- Line Kruse as Bitten\n- Ciro Petrone as Alessandro\nThe southern Italian scenes were shot in Sorrento and on the Amalfi Coast.\nThe film\\'s soundtrack features multiple versions of the song \\\"That\\'s Amore\\\".\n*Love Is All You Need* has a 75% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a 60\/100 average on Metacritic.\nIn 2013, *Love Is All You Need* was selected as best comedy film at the 26th European Film Awards.","parent_id":"13d8dfac09ed1ebf71bf","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"89dafc44f8b32470f523:0","document_content":"# The Thing (2011 film)\n***The Thing*** is a 2011 science fiction horror film directed by Matthijs van Heijningen Jr., written by Eric Heisserer, and starring Mary Elizabeth Winstead, Joel Edgerton, Ulrich Thomsen, Adewale Akinnuoye-Agbaje, and Eric Christian Olsen. It is a direct prequel to the 1982 film of the same name by John Carpenter, which was an adaptation of the 1938 novella *Who Goes There?* by John W. Campbell. It tells the story of a team of scientists on a Norwegian Antarctic research station who discover a parasitic alien buried deep in the ice, realizing too late that it is still alive.\n*The Thing* premiered on October 10, 2011 and was released on October 14, 2011. The film was a commercial flop, grossing \\$31.5 million against a \\$38 million budget, with mixed reviews from critics.\nIn the winter of 1982, an alien spacecraft and nearby alien body are discovered buried in Antarctic ice by members of Norwegian research station \\\"Thule\\\". American paleontologist Kate Lloyd is recruited by Dr.\u00a0Sander Halvorson and assistant Adam Finch to investigate. They fly to Thule in a helicopter with pilots Sam Carter and Derek Jameson, and crewman Griggs. They meet station chief Edvard Wolner, Juliette, Karl, Jonas, Henrik, Colin, Peder, Lars, and Lars\\' dog.\nThe body is excavated in a block of ice. Jameson, alone, sees the alien burst from the ice block. Searching for the alien, the team finds Lars\\' dog dead. The alien drags Henrik into itself, spattering blood on Olav. The group kills the alien with a flamethrower. An autopsy finds that the alien\\'s cells were copying Henrik\\'s. Olav falls ill.","parent_id":"89dafc44f8b32470f523","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"89dafc44f8b32470f523:1","document_content":"# The Thing (2011 film)\nAs the helicopter is taking off, Griggs transforms into a monstrous creature and attacks Olav, and the helicopter crashes in the mountains. Kate discovers dental fillings in a bloodied shower and tells the team that the alien can assimilate and imitate its victims, and that it is now living among them. Edvard orders the team to drive to the closest base, however Juliette and Kate want to prevent anyone from leaving. Juliette lures Kate into an abandoned room before transforming and attacking her. Kate escapes and the Juliette-Thing kills Karl. Lars kills the Juliette-Thing with a flamethrower and the team resolve to quarantine themselves until the threat is eliminated.\nThat night, Carter and Jameson stagger back from the crashed helicopter. Suspected to be alien, they are imprisoned in isolation. As the alien does not assimilate inorganic material, Kate proposes everyone be checked for dental fillings. The test implicates Sander, Edvard, Adam, and Colin, who have no fillings.\nLars is abducted while going to fetch Carter and Jameson for testing. Carter and Jameson break into the main building, shooting Peder dead and puncturing his flamethrower\\'s tank, causing an explosion knocking Edvard unconscious. When brought to the main room, Edvard violently transforms, infects Jonas and Jameson, and gruesomely assimilates Adam. Kate burns Jonas and Jameson before they can fully transform, then she and Carter pursue the Thing, which assimilates Sander.\nThe Sander-Thing drives off into the night, pursued by Kate and Carter. The spacecraft suddenly activates, separating them. Kate falls into the ship and confronts the monstrous Sander. She kills him with a grenade which shuts down the ship\\'s engines. Kate finds Carter and notices he is missing his earring. Carter indicates the wrong ear so Kate burns the Carter-Thing and shelters in a snowcat.\nThe next morning, Thule\\'s helicopter and pilot Matias return. Matias views the ruined station and the husk of the Edvard-Adam-Thing with horror. Colin has committed suicide, and a paranoid Lars demands at gunpoint that Matias show his teeth. Lars\\' dog, thought dead, emerges and runs away. Realising that the dog is actually a Thing, Lars orders Matias to give chase in the helicopter.","parent_id":"89dafc44f8b32470f523","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"89dafc44f8b32470f523:2","document_content":"# The Thing (2011 film)\n- Mary Elizabeth Winstead as Kate Lloyd, an American vertebrate paleontologist graduate from Columbia University: In order to be different from Kurt Russell as the 1982 film\\'s protagonist, R.J. MacReady, Kate Lloyd was written to have similar traits as the character Ellen Ripley from the *Alien* film series.\n- Joel Edgerton as Sam Carter, an American helicopter pilot and Vietnam War veteran running a supply operation to the bases. He and his two co-pilots are left in the dark as to why they are there and what is the mysterious thing the scientists have found.\n- Ulrich Thomsen as Dr.\u00a0Sander Halvorson, the arrogant Danish leader of alien research. He orders the team to obtain a sample of the recently discovered creature despite Kate\\'s warnings.\n- Eric Christian Olsen as Adam Finch, a young American scientist working as Dr.\u00a0Sander\\'s research assistant who invites Kate to the Norwegian base.\n- Adewale Akinnuoye-Agbaje as Derek Jameson, an American helicopter co-pilot and also a Vietnam veteran who is Carter\\'s best friend.\n- Paul Braunstein as Griggs, a crew-chief member of the American helicopter transport team.\n- Trond Espen Seim as Edvard Wolner, a notable Norwegian geologist who is the station commander and an old friend of Sander.\n- Kim Bubbs as Juliette, a French geologist who is part of Edvard\\'s team.\n- J\u00f8rgen Langhelle as Lars, an ex-soldier who works as the dog keeper of the Norwegian base. He is the only member of the Norwegian base who does not speak English. Lars is also revealed to be the Norwegian shooter in the original film.\n- Jan Gunnar R\u00f8ise as Olav, a Norwegian Snowcat vehicle driver and guide.\n- Stig Henrik Hoff as Peder, a Norwegian rifle-toting camp member who is Edvard\\'s right-hand man.\n- Kristofer Hivju as Jonas, a nervous but friendly Norwegian polar ice researcher.\n- Jo Adrian Haavind as Henrik, another Norwegian base member who assists the alien research team.\n- Carsten Bj\u00f8rnlund as Karl, a Norwegian geologist also part of Edvard\\'s team.\n- Jonathan Lloyd Walker as Colin, an eccentric English radio operator.\n- Ole Martin Aune Nilsen as Matias, the helicopter pilot of the Norwegian base currently in a mission to restock kerosene at Halley. Matias, like Lars, is revealed to be aboard the Norwegian helicopter in the 1982 film.\n- Michael Brown as Hank, a security guard and bit part who introduces Adam and Sander to Kate.","parent_id":"89dafc44f8b32470f523","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"89dafc44f8b32470f523:3","document_content":"# The Thing (2011 film)\n### Development\n`\"It's\u00a0a\u00a0really\u00a0fascinating\u00a0way\u00a0to\u00a0construct\u00a0a\u00a0story\u00a0because\u00a0we're\u00a0doing\u00a0it\u00a0by\u00a0autopsy,\u00a0by\u00a0examining\u00a0very,\u00a0very\u00a0closely\u00a0everything\u00a0we\u00a0know\u00a0about\u00a0the\u00a0Norwegian\u00a0camp\u00a0and\u00a0about\u00a0the\u00a0events\u00a0that\u00a0happened\u00a0there\u00a0from\u00a0photos\u00a0and\u00a0video\u00a0footage\u00a0that's\u00a0recovered,\u00a0from\u00a0a\u00a0visit\u00a0to\u00a0the\u00a0base,\u00a0the\u00a0director,\u00a0producer\u00a0and\u00a0I\u00a0have\u00a0gone\u00a0through\u00a0it\u00a0countless\u00a0times\u00a0marking,\u00a0you\u00a0know,\u00a0there's\u00a0a\u00a0fire\u00a0axe\u00a0in\u00a0the\u00a0door,\u00a0we\u00a0have\u00a0to\u00a0account\u00a0for\u00a0that...we're\u00a0having\u00a0to\u00a0reverse\u00a0engineer\u00a0it,\u00a0so\u00a0those\u00a0details\u00a0all\u00a0matter\u00a0to\u00a0us\u00a0\u2018cause\u00a0it\u00a0all\u00a0has\u00a0to\u00a0make\u00a0sense.\"`\n\u00a0--- Eric Heisserer describing the process of creating a script that is consistent with the first film.\nAfter creating the *Dawn of the Dead* remake, producers Marc Abraham and Eric Newman began to look through the Universal Studios library to find new properties to work on. Upon finding John Carpenter\\'s 1982 film *The Thing*, the two convinced Universal to create a prequel instead of a remake, as they felt that remaking Carpenter\\'s film would be like \\\"paint(ing) a moustache on the *Mona Lisa*\\\". Eric Newman explained; \\\"I\\'d be the first to say no one should ever try to do *Jaws* again and I certainly wouldn\\'t want to see anyone remake *The Exorcist*\\... And we really felt the same way about *The Thing*. It\\'s a great film. But once we realized there was a new story to tell, with the same characters and the same world, but from a very different point of view, we took it as a challenge. It\\'s the story about the guys who are just ghosts in Carpenter\\'s movie -- they\\'re already dead. But having Universal give us a chance to tell their story was irresistible.\\\"","parent_id":"89dafc44f8b32470f523","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"89dafc44f8b32470f523:4","document_content":"# The Thing (2011 film)\n### Development\nIn early 2009, *Variety* reported the launch of a project to film a prequel---possibly following MacReady\\'s brother during the events leading up to the opening moments of the 1982 film---with Matthijs van Heijningen Jr.\u00a0as director and Ronald D. Moore as writer. Matthijs van Heijningen Jr.\u00a0became involved in the project when his first planned feature film, a sequel to the *Dawn of the Dead* remake, a zombie film taking place in Las Vegas written and produced by Zack Snyder, who directed the *Dawn of the Dead* remake, and co-produced by Abraham and Newman, called *Army of the Dead*, was cancelled by the studio three months before production began. Needing to start all over again, he asked his agent to see if there was a *The Thing* project in development, since *Alien* and *The Thing* are his favorite films. As a fan of Carpenter\\'s film, he was interested in the project because, being European himself, he had always wondered what happened at the Norwegian camp. In March 2009, Moore described his script as a \\\"companion piece\\\" to Carpenter\\'s film and \\\"not a remake.\\\" \\\"We\\'re telling the story of the Norwegian camp that found the Thing before the Kurt Russell group did\\\", he said. Eric Heisserer was later hired to do a complete rewrite of Moore\\'s script. Heisserer explained that in writing the script, it was necessary for him to research all the information that was revealed about the Norwegian camp from the first film, down to the smallest details, so that it could be incorporated into the prequel in order to create a consistent backstory. The decision was made to name the film the same title as the first film, because the producers felt adding a \\\"colon title\\\" such as *Exorcist II: The Heretic* had felt less reverential. In April 2010, it was revealed that Scott Frank had been hired to work uncredited on new dialogue for the film.","parent_id":"89dafc44f8b32470f523","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"89dafc44f8b32470f523:5","document_content":"# The Thing (2011 film)\n### Development\nMatthijs van Heijningen Jr.\u00a0explained that he created the film not to simply be a horror film, but to also focus largely on the human drama with the interaction between characters, as the first film had. The director felt that horror films worked better when time was spent to explore the characters\\' emotional journeys, allowing the audience to care about them. Mary Elizabeth Winstead insisted that the film would not feature any romantic or sexual elements with her character, as it would be inappropriate considering the tone of the film. Adewale Akinnuoye-Agbaje said that the film would try to recreate the feeling of paranoia and distrust that the first film had, where the characters can\\'t tell who has been infected by the alien. The filmmakers drew additional inspiration for the film from the original novel *Who Goes There?*, in making the characters in the film educated scientists as opposed to \\\"blue collar\\\" workers. However, the filmmakers drew no influence from the events of *The Thing* video game. The director also drew additional inspiration from the film *Alien* in creating the film, particularly in regard to casting a female lead, and in the way the alien creatures are filmed by not showing too much of them. Matthijs van Heijningen also cited the films of director Roman Polanski as influence, such as his work on *Rosemary\\'s Baby*. Actual Norwegian and Danish actors were cast in the film to play the Norwegian characters, and the director allowed the actors to improvise elements different from what was scripted when they felt it was appropriate, such as a scene where the characters sing a Norwegian folk song called \\\"S\u00e1miid \u00e6dnan\\\". Many scenes involving characters speaking Norwegian were subtitled, and the language barrier between them and the English speaking characters is exploited to add to the film\\'s feeling of paranoia. Director Matthijs van Heijningen said that the film would show the alien creature in its \\\"pure form\\\", as it was discovered in its ship by the Norwegians; however, it is not revealed whether this is the creature\\'s original form or the form of another creature it had assimilated. Addressing rumors stating that John Carpenter wished to have a cameo appearance in the film, Carpenter himself corrected these in an interview for the fan site \\\"Outpost 31\\\", in August 2012. \\\"Those rumors are not true\\\", Carpenter stated in the interview.","parent_id":"89dafc44f8b32470f523","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"89dafc44f8b32470f523:6","document_content":"# The Thing (2011 film)\n### Filming and post-production\nThe film was shot in the anamorphic format on 35mm film, as the director dislikes the look of films shot digitally. The director chose not to fast cut the film, instead opting for a slower pace, hoping to build a sense of pending dread. The prequel was filmed in Pinewood Toronto Studios, Port Lands on March 22, 2010 and ended on June 28, 2010. On set, the director had a laptop computer which contained \\\"a million\\\" screen captures of the Carpenter film, which he used as a point of reference to keep the Norwegian camp visually consistent with the first film. Alec Gillis and Tom Woodruff Jr.\u00a0of Amalgamated Dynamics created the practical creature effects for the film. In addition to creating the effects for the human-Thing transformations, Gillis, Woodruff and their team had the challenge of coming up with the look of the alien in the ice block unearthed by the Norwegians. While it was initially only intended to be shown as a silhouette, the director liked their designs and encouraged them to fully create the creature, which was realised by creating a monster suit that Tom Woodruff wore. The effects team opted to use cable-operated animatronics over more complex hydraulic controls, as they felt they gave a more \\\"organic feel\\\". In order to emulate the creature effects of the first film, Heisserer revealed that traditional practical effects would be used on the creatures whenever possible. The film\\'s computer-generated imagery was created by Image Engine, the effects house who worked on Neill Blomkamp\\'s 2009 film *District 9*. Computer Graphics were used to digitally create extensions on some of the practical animatronic effects, as well as for digital matte paintings and set extensions. Alec Gillis stated that the advancement of animatronic technology since 1982 combined with digital effects allowed the effects team to expand upon the possible creature conceptions. Matthijs van Heijningen preferred to use practical effects over computer imagery, as he believed actors give better performances when they have something physical to react to. Speaking about the practical effects, he stated that acting with physical props \\\"is much better than working with tennis balls as markers\\\". However, in post-release interviews, Alec Gillis revealed that while Amalgamated Dynamics creature designs for the film remained intact, most of their practical effects ended up being digitally replaced in post-production. The creation of Gillis\\'s all-practical-effects independent horror film *Harbinger Down* was partially in response to this. Stunt men covered in fire-retardant gel were used in scenes when characters are set on fire. The original Ennio Morricone score was reflected in the film\\'s score, but it was initially reported that Morricone did not score the film, nor was his music from the 1982 version used.","parent_id":"89dafc44f8b32470f523","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"89dafc44f8b32470f523:7","document_content":"# The Thing (2011 film)\n### Filming and post-production\nThe interior of the crashed alien spacecraft was created by production designer Sean Haworth. To design the ship, Haworth had to recreate what little was shown of the spacecraft in the Carpenter film, then \\\"fill the gaps\\\" for what was not originally shown. Haworth and a team of approximately twelve others then created the inside of the ship as a several story-high interior set constructed mostly out of a combination of foam, plaster, fiberglass, and plywood. The ship was designed specifically to look as if it were not made to accommodate humans, but rather alien creatures of different size and shape who could walk on any surface. A section of the craft called the \\\"pod room\\\" was designed to imply the alien creatures manning it had collected specimens of different alien species from around the universe for a zoological expedition.\nWhile the film was originally set for release in April, Universal Pictures changed the date to October 14, 2011, to allow time for reshoots. The intention of the reshoots was to \\\"enhance existing sequences or to make crystal clear a few story beats or to add punctuation marks to the film\\'s feeling of dread.\\\" On his Facebook page, Matthijs van Heijningen Jr.\u00a0claimed that the reshoots of the film included making an entirely different ending, referring to the original cut as the \\\"Pilot Version\\\" and the new cut as the \\\"Tetris Version\\\". In the original ending, Kate was to discover the original pilots of the spaceship which had all been killed by The Thing, which was an escaped specimen they had collected from another planet, implying that the ship was crashed in an attempt to kill the monster. \\\"I liked that idea because it would be the Norwegian camp in space. Kate sees the pod room and one pod being broken, giving her the clues what happened. What didn\\'t work was that she wanted to find Sander and stop the ship from taking off and still solve the mystery in the ship. These two energies were in conflict.\\\"","parent_id":"89dafc44f8b32470f523","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"89dafc44f8b32470f523:8","document_content":"# The Thing (2011 film)\n### Box office\n*The Thing* grossed \\$8,493,665 over the opening weekend and ended up third on the box office chart. It was distributed to 2,996 theaters and spent a total of one week on the top 10 chart, before dropping down to the 16th position in its second week. It concluded its domestic run with a total of \\$16,928,670. Its box office collections were called \\\"an outright disappointment\\\" by Box Office Mojo, who goes on to say \\\"the film was naturally at a disadvantage: a vague \\\"thing\\\" doesn\\'t give prospective audiences much to latch on to. It was therefore left up to fans of the original, who are already familiar with the concept, to turn out in strong numbers.\\\" The film grossed \\$14,576,617 in foreign countries, bringing the total worldwide box-office gross to \\$31,505,287.\n\n### Reception\nOn review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 34% based on 174 reviews, with an average rating of 5\/10. The site\\'s critical consensus reads, \\\"It serves the bare serviceable minimum for a horror flick, but *The Thing* is all boo-scares and a slave to the far superior John Carpenter version.\\\" According to Metacritic, which assigned it a weighted average score of 49 out of 100 based on 31 critics, the film received \\\"mixed or average reviews\\\". In CinemaScore polls users gave the film a \\\"B--\\\" on an A+ to F scale.","parent_id":"89dafc44f8b32470f523","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"89dafc44f8b32470f523:9","document_content":"# The Thing (2011 film)\n### Reception\nMichael Phillips of the *Chicago Tribune* gave the film a rating of 3 out of 4, saying \\\"While I wish van Heijningen\\'s *Thing* weren\\'t quite so in lust with the \\'82 model, it works because it respects that basic premise; and it exhibits a little patience, doling out its ickiest, nastiest moments in ways that make them stick\\\". Andrew O\\'Hehir of Salon.com called it a \\\"Loving prequel to a horror classic\\\", saying \\\"It\\'s full of chills and thrills and isolated Antarctic atmosphere and terrific Hieronymus Bosch creature effects, and if it winks genially at the plot twists of Carpenter\\'s film, it never feels even a little like some kind of inside joke.\\\" James Berardinelli gave it three stars out of four, saying that it \\\"offers a similar overall experience\\\" to the 1982 film, but \\\"without replicating styles and situations\\\". Christopher Orr of *The Atlantic* wrote that the narrative choices open to a prequel \\\"exist on a spectrum from the unsurprising to the unfaithful\\\", but van Heijningen \\\"has managed this balancing act about as well as could be hoped\\\" and although the line between homage and apery is a fine one, \\\"in our age of steady knockoffs, retreads, and loosely branded money grabs, *The Thing* stands out as a competent entertainment, capably executed if not particularly inspired.\\\" Josh Bell of *Las Vegas Weekly* rated the film three out of five stars and wrote, \\\"Winstead makes for an appealing protagonist, and Kate is portrayed as competent without being thrust into some unlikely action-hero role.\\\"","parent_id":"89dafc44f8b32470f523","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"89dafc44f8b32470f523:10","document_content":"# The Thing (2011 film)\n### Reception\nKathleen Murphy of MSN Movies rated it two-and-a-half out of five stars, calling it \\\"a subpar slasher movie tricked out with tired \\'Ten Little Indians\\' tropes and rip-offs from both Carpenter and the Christian Nyby-Howard Hawks\\' 1951 version of the chilling tale that started it all, John W. Campbell Jr.\\'s *Who Goes There?*\\\". Jim Vejvoda of IGN Movies also rated the film two-and-a-half out of five, saying, \\\"This incarnation of *The Thing* is much like the creature it depicts: An insidious, defective mimic of the real, er, thing. It\\'s not an entirely lost cause, but it is a needless one.\\\" Roger Ebert gave the film two and a half stars out of four, the same rating he gave the 1982 film. In Patrick Sauriol of Coming Attractions\\' review, he states, \\\"Stack it up against John Carpenter\\'s version and it looks less shiny, but let\\'s face it, if you\\'re that kind of Thing fan you\\'re going to go see the new movie anyway. Try and judge today\\'s Thing on its own merits.\\\" A brief review in *Fangoria* refers to the film as \\\"Matthijs van Heijningen\\'s prequel that proves modern CGI is no match for old-school makeup FX\\\".\n\n### Accolades\nThe film was nominated for two awards at the 38th Saturn Awards, but lost to *The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo* and *X-Men: First Class*, respectively.\n`Year\u00a0`\n`Award\u00a0`\n`Category\u00a0`\n`Recipient`\n`Result\u00a0`\n`Ref.`\n`2012`\n`Rondo\u00a0Hatton\u00a0Classic\u00a0Horror\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Film\u00a0of\u00a02011`\n*`The Thing`*\n`Saturn\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Horror\u00a0or\u00a0Thriller\u00a0Film`\n`Best\u00a0Make-Up`\n`Tom\u00a0Woodruff\u00a0Jr.\u00a0and\u00a0Alec\u00a0Gillis`\n`Visual\u00a0Effects\u00a0Society\u00a0Awards`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Animated\u00a0Characterin\u00a0a\u00a0Live\u00a0Action\u00a0Feature\u00a0Motion\u00a0Picture`\n`Lyndon\u00a0Barrois,\u00a0Fred\u00a0Chapman,Greg\u00a0Massie,\u00a0Marco\u00a0Menco`","parent_id":"89dafc44f8b32470f523","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"89dafc44f8b32470f523:11","document_content":"# The Thing (2011 film)\n### Home media\n*The Thing* was released on Blu-ray and DVD on January 31, 2012 in the US. As of 2013, the film earned an additional \\$10,436,405 through Blu-ray and DVD sales.\nThe music composed for the film by Marco Beltrami was released on October 11, 2011. The soundtrack was released under the label Var\u00e8se Sarabande.\nAllMusic rated the album 3.5\/5 saying, \\\"Composer Marco Beltrami\\'s appropriately tense and brooding score for director Matthijs van Heijningen, Jr.\\'s 2011 prequel to *The Thing* dutifully echoes Ennio Morricone\\'s stark score for the original version, which in its own way echoed the soundtrack work of that film\\'s director, John Carpenter.\\\"\nOn September 21, 2011, Dark Horse Comics released a three-part digital-only prequel comic, called *The Thing: The Northman Nightmare*, over a weekly basis. Taking place in Greenland, it follows a group of stranded Norsemen who must deal with the shape-shifting creature within a desolate village. The three-issue tale was written by Steve Niles, drawn by Patric Reynolds and colored by Dave Stewart.\nThe film was made into a maze at both Universal Studios Hollywood\\'s and Universal Orlando Resort\\'s 2011 Halloween Horror Nights events, having the subtitle *Assimilation* at Hollywood\\'s version.\nIn 2015, Aidan Cosky started a Change.org petition to release the \\\"pilot version,\\\" which was promoted by Dread Central even though the petition closed due to a lack of followers. In 2020, the following social media hashtags: *#ReleaseThePilotVersion* and *#ReleaseTheStudioADIcut* were started in response to *Zack Snyder\\'s Justice League* and the released BTS footage from Studio ADI on YouTube, while Bloody Disgusting and NerdBot published articles and YouTube videos calling it one of the most anticipated director\\'s cut in horror movies.","parent_id":"89dafc44f8b32470f523","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f2b542d2c1b88e3786ba:0","document_content":"# Possessed (1983 film)\n***Possessed*** (\u731b\u9b3c\u51fa\u7c60) is a 1983 Hong Kong film directed by David Lai. It is followed by Possessed II in 1984.\nAn insane man is shot dead by two cops Kung and Hsiao after he refused to listen to them and stabbed a woman dead. After that, the two cops always meet strange things and Hsiao\\'s girl friend is also haunted too. In order to reduce the fear, the cops employ a Taoist to find out the problem. After several enchantments, the Taoist discovers the truth: As Hsiao\\'s father was involved in some corruption that led to a death. Now the spirit of the victim has returned from hell for revenge.\n- Siu Yuk-Lung (1) -- Siu Yuk Lung\n- Lau Siu-Ming -- Lau Siu Ming\n- Irene Wan Pik-Ha -- Siu\\'s sister\n- Tai San (1) -- Leong Hsia\n- Chan Chi-Shui -- Sue\n- Wong Yat-Fei -- Master Chen\n- Sham Ching-Mei -- Lin Chin Shui\\'s mother\n- San Sin -- Priest\n- Chan Wai-Yue -- Wang Tso Yi\\'s wife\n- Chan Fung-Bing -- Auntie San\n- Chui Yi -- Hsiao Yau Tim\n- Lee Wan (2) -- Ms Hung\n- Kobe Wong Kam-Bo -- Priest\n- Ng Kit-Keung -- Wang Tso Yi\n- Law Man-Hon -- Ming\\'s superior officer\n- John Chan -- Boyfriend of Siu\\'s sister","parent_id":"f2b542d2c1b88e3786ba","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f53631308f22cee92132:0","document_content":"# Possessed II\n***Possessed II*** (\u8277\u9b3c\u767c\u72c2) is a 1984 Hong Kong film directed by David Lai. It is preceded by Possessed in 1983.\nA bar waitress lived with her boyfriend and gave birth to a baby boy called Paul. Seven years later, her boyfriend abandoned the family and never returned. Out of rage, the bar waitress committed suicide and killed Paul too. Thirty years later, new residents move in the house while knowing nothing about its history. When they get settled, strange things start to happen\\...","parent_id":"f53631308f22cee92132","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"063e64c9f2ed8dcfa710:0","document_content":"# The Battle Wizard\n***The Battle Wizard*** is a 1977 Hong Kong film adapted from Louis Cha\\'s novel *Demi-Gods and Semi-Devils*. The film was produced by the Shaw Brothers Studio and directed by Pao Hsueh-li. The film centers on the story of Duan Yu, one of the three protagonists of the novel.\n- Danny Lee as Duan Yu\n- as Mu Wanqing \/ Xiang Yaocha\n- Lam Jan-kei as Zhong Ling\n- Si Wai as Duan Zhengchun\n- Shut Chung-tin as unnamed antagonist based on Duan Yanqing\\'s characteristic, but here he is Qin Hongmian\\'s husband\n- Wai Wang as Duan Zhengming\n- Kong Do as Yue Canglong (combination of Yue Laosan and Yun Zhonghe)\n- Keung Hon as Sikong Xuan\n- Sun Shu-wah as Zhong Wanchou\n- Hung Ling-ling as Dao Baifeng\n- Kam Lau as Qin Hongmian\n- Teresa Ha as Gan Baobao\n- Norman Chui as Gu Ducheng\n- Yeung Chak-lam as Chu Wanli\n- Ko Hung\n- Leung Seung-wan\n- Yuen Cheung-yan\n- Wong Pau-kei\n- Wong Cheung\n- San Kuai\n- Yuen Wah\n- Corey Yuen\n- Chui Fat\n- Yuen Shun-yi\n- Wong Chi-keung\n- Chan Kwok-kuen\n- Hao Li-jen\n- Lam Fung\n- Koo Chim-hung\n- Lui Tat\n- Chai Lam\n- Kong Chuen\n- Ting Tung\n- Yuen Jan-yeung\n- Chan Siu-kai\n- Law Keung","parent_id":"063e64c9f2ed8dcfa710","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8e69872c1715dc91966a:0","document_content":"# Demi-Gods and Semi-Devils (film)\n***Demi-Gods and Semi-Devils**\\'\\', also known as***Dragon Story**\\'\\', is a 1982 Hong Kong film based on Louis Cha\\'s novel of the same title. The film was directed and produced by Siu Sang and starred Norman Chui, Kent Tong, Felix Wong, Idy Chan, Lam Jan-kei and Austin Wai. The film is not to be confused with the television series of the same title produced by TVB, which was also released in the same year and shared some common cast members (Tong, Wong and Chan played the same roles in the television series as well).\n\n:   *Note: Some of the characters\\' names are in Cantonese romanisation.*\n- Norman Chui as Kiu Fung\n- Kent Tong as Duen Yu\n- Felix Wong as Hui-juk\n- Idy Chan as Wong Yu-yin\n- Lam Jan-kei as Ah-chu\n- Austin Wai as Muk-yung Fuk\n- Eddy Ko as Kau Mo-chit\n- Lee Lung-kei as Duen Ching-sun\n- Lau Kong as Ye-lut Hung-kei\n- Chen Kuan-tai\n- Lau Kwok-shing\n- Cheung Hei\n- Ling Hon\n- Wang Han-chen\n- Sham Chin-bo\n- Tam Wai-man\n- Leung Sam","parent_id":"8e69872c1715dc91966a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f8ed1dad456bb3e47aed:0","document_content":"# Raging Sharks\n***Raging Sharks*** is a 2005 American direct-to-video science fiction action horror film directed by Danny Lerner. It stars Corin Nemec, Vanessa Angel, Corbin Bernsen, Todd Jensen, Elise Muller, Blinky van Bilderbeek, Simone Levin, Emil Markov, Jonas Talkington, and Atanas Srebrev. Set in an isolated underwater research facility, the film follows a group of scientists as they discover a strange series of crystals, only to find out that it also harbors a psychological effect on sharks, causing them to become more aggressive. The sharks soon attack the facility, causing the oxygen supply to start to decrease, and forcing the survivors to find a way out.\nIn outer space, two alien spaceships collide, one of which releases a capsule that lands at the bottom of the Bermuda Triangle. Five years later, the underwater research facility, the Oshona, discovers the crystals, and the facility\\'s manager Mike Olsen retrieves them. As Mike leaves for the mainland, divers Don and Jake attempt to make repairs outside of the facility. However, they are soon attacked by sharks. One of the scientists and Mike\\'s wife, Linda, attempt to rescue them, only to be chased by more sharks, which inadvertently cause the facility to lose power, cutting the facility\\'s oxygen supply, which begins to decrease, and Linda, scientist Jonas, technicians Vera, Simona, and Carlo, and workers Harvey and Leo are trapped in the facility.\nMike receives word of the incident, and boards the submarine *USS Roosevelt*, piloted by captain Riley. Meanwhile, a boat above the Oshona, the *Paradiso*, sends a diver down to inspect the damage, he\\'s killed by the sharks during the dive. They then attempt to send two men down in a seaplane to retrieve the cables, one of the sharks rams the plane, causing one of the men to fall overboard, and be eaten by the shark. In the Oshona, Jonas discovers that the sharks\\' aggressive behavior is being caused by the crystals, which have been eaten by the sharks, creating a psychological effect on the sharks\\' minds. Harvey becomes increasingly paranoid. The sharks, in the meantime, kill several people at a nearby beach before sinking a nearby boat.","parent_id":"f8ed1dad456bb3e47aed","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f8ed1dad456bb3e47aed:1","document_content":"# Raging Sharks\nMike and agent Ben Stiles are transferred into the Oshona, and intend to evacuate the survivors into the submarine, an electrical overload created by the crystals occurs, creating a fire in the engine room, preventing the evacuation. With the oxygen supply dwindling, Mike and Carlo are sent in a submersible to turn on the facility\\'s oxygen reserves. They are successful, Carlo is killed when the sharks attack the submersible. Mike is forced to hide in a nearby crevice, where he finds the capsule, and retrieves another sample of the crystal before managing to return to the Oshona. Harvey finally snaps, and attempts to escape in another submersible, the sharks attack it, and cause it to sink into a crevice, creating an explosion that kills Harvey.\nMinutes later, Mike and Linda discover Jonas to be stabbed to death, and as they return to the control center, Stiles appears and causes a shootout that kills Vera. Stiles reveals himself as a Black Ops agent who has been sent to retrieve the crystals. Leo attempts to create a diversion that distracts Stiles, is killed himself. Mike and Linda run away while Stiles take Simona as a hostage. He soon decides she\\'s useless and traps her inside a flooding room, where she drowns. Stiles stealthily chases Mike and Linda throughout the flooding facility, he is finally subdued after engaging in a fight with Mike. He then attempts to escape the facility, only to be eaten by a shark. Mike and Linda witness two aliens diving down, and retrieving the capsule before the Oshona completely collapses. Linda nearly drowns, Mike rescues her, and they are picked up by Riley in the submarine, where Linda is revived. In the aftermath, Mike fails to convince Riley of his sighting of the aliens.\n- Corin Nemec as Dr.\u00a0Mike Olsen\n- Vanessa Angel as Linda Olsen\n- Corbin Bernsen as Captain Riley\n- Todd Jensen as Ben Stiles\n- Binky van Bilderbeek as Harvey\n- Elise Muller as Vera\n- Simone Levin as Simona\n- Jonas Talkington as Jonas\n- Atanas Srebrev as Carlo\n- Emil Markov as Leo\nA Horror.Net review said that the film is a good use of live stock footage, computer effects, and fake shark heads-and gallons of blood. Alison Nastasi, of Horror Squad, said that the film has several hilariously bad moments that B movie shark fanatics will enjoy.","parent_id":"f8ed1dad456bb3e47aed","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5019ace9c43ee7cb4365:0","document_content":"# Paying the Price: Killing the Children of Iraq\n***Paying the Price: Killing the Children of Iraq*** is a 2000 Carlton Television documentary written and presented by John Pilger which was directed by Alan Lowery. In this documentary Pilger argues that UN sanctions had a devastating effect on the children of Iraq during the 1990s.\nJohn Pilger and Alan Lowery traveled to Iraq with Denis Halliday, a former assistant secretary-general of the United Nations who resigned over what he called the \\\"immoral policy\\\" of economic sanctions. There they expected to find a suffering nation held hostage to the compliance of a dictator, Saddam Hussein. What they found was a country being slowly strangled by a draconian U.S.\/U.K. blockade.\n- Dennis Halliday -- Former Asst. Secretary General, United Nations\n- Robert Gates -- CIA Director 1991-93\n- Hans von Sponeck -- Chief UN co-ordinator, Iraq\n- Ambassador Peter van Walsum -- Chairman, UN Sanctions Committee\n- Professor Karol Sikora -- Former Chief of Cancer Programme, World Health Organization\n- James Rubin -- US State Department spokesman\n- Scott Ritter -- UN Weapons Inspector 1991-1998\n- Said Aburish -- Author, *Saddam Hussein*: *The Politics of Revenge*\n- Mohammed Amin Ezzet -- Conductor, Iraqi National Orchestra\n- Anupama Rao Singh -- UNICEF Representative, Iraq\n- Professor Doug Rokke -- Former US Army health physicist\n- Dr.\u00a0Jinan Ghalib Hassen -- Paediatrician\n- Dr.\u00a0Jawad Al-Ali -- Cancer specialist\n- Laith Kubba -- Iraqi opposition exile\n- Felicity Arbuthnot -- Journalist\n- Hussain Jarsis -- Shepherd\n- Chris Award, Columbus International Film & Video Festival\n- Vancouver International Film Festival","parent_id":"5019ace9c43ee7cb4365","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"53d36fdb80e49e96f0a6:0","document_content":"# A Story About Love\n***A Story About Love*** () is a 1995 Norwegian romantic film directed by Aune Sand, starring Beate Halkjelsvik, Beate Charlotte Lunde, Einar Lund, Aune Sand, Siv Stubsveen and Charlotte Thiis-Evensen. The film follows different couples and their love stories around the world, in Cairo, Normandy, Oslo and New York City.\nThe film was universally panned by critics and is considered by some to be one of the worst films ever made. The critic Harald Kolstad from Dagsavisen gave it a score of zero out of a scale from one to six, refused to acknowledge *Dis* as a film, and claimed to have never seen anything worse. Despite this, it became a commercial success, with fans embracing it as being \\\"so bad it\\'s good\\\". Today, it is regarded as a cult film. Aune Sand insists that *Dis* is a masterpiece.\n- List of films considered the worst\n- List of cult films","parent_id":"53d36fdb80e49e96f0a6","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5545aab24d9645f2390c:0","document_content":"# Brudeferden i Hardanger\n***Brudeferden i Hardanger*** () is a 1926 Norwegian silent drama film directed by Rasmus Breistein, starring Aase Bye. The script was written by Breistein, based on the novel *Marit Skj\u00f8lte*, by Kristofer Janson. The film is a romantic drama about two lovers who are separated and only get reunited in their old age. It started a trend of national romanticism in Norwegian film.\nNorway at the beginning of the 20th century: Several inhabitants of a small village on a fjord are boarding a ship to emigrate to the United States. Marit Skj\u00f8lte refuses to follow her parents because she is in love with Anders Bj\u00e5land. Anders tells her that he is going to travel for a couple of years and will marry her when he comes back. He gives her his mother\\'s brooch as token of his engagement. Four years later, Marit discovers that Anders is marrying the rich Kari Bj\u00f8rve. She expresses her contempt towards him and goes to work for an old man in the mountains. One day, Tore, the man who always loved her comes to renew his offer to marry her. Marrit accepts to follow him.\nWedding Boat Procession\nMany years have passed. Marit has become a rich widow, living with her son Vigleik and her daughter Eli. Anders poor and sick lives with his son B\u00e5rd. Eli falls in love with B\u00e5rd, and despite her mother\\'s prohibition and her brother\\'s threats, marries him and goes to live on his farm where she takes care of her sick father in law. Several years pass. Anders\\' wife has died poor and derelict. Marit begins to soften up and sends anonymously some food to her daughter. One day Vigleik, who has drunk too much, goes to the Bj\u00e5land farm, drags Anders out of his bed and throws him out of the house. Eli carries him to her mother who takes care of him. When Anders regains consciousness and sees that Marit has always carried his mother\\'s brooch, he is full of remorse. They remember when they played bride and groom as children. Vigleik, ashamed by his behaviour emigrates to the United States and Marit and Anders spend their old days together.","parent_id":"5545aab24d9645f2390c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5545aab24d9645f2390c:1","document_content":"# Brudeferden i Hardanger\n- Aase Bye as Marit Skj\u00f8lte young\n- Gunhild Schytte-Jacobsen as Marit Skj\u00f8lte old\n- Henry Gleditsch as Anders Bj\u00e5land young\n- Alfred Maurstad as Vigleik, Marit\\'s son\n- Annik Saxegaard as Eli, Marit\\'s daughter\n- Oscar Larsen as Anders Bj\u00e5land old\n- Martin Fiksen as B\u00e5rd, Anders Bj\u00e5land\\'s son\n- Dagmar Myhrvold as Kari Bj\u00f8rve\n- Vilhelm Lund as Tore Skj\u00f8lte\n- Henny Skj\u00f8nberg as Tore\\'s mother\nThe outdoor takes were shot in Aga and Lofthus in Ullensvang, and on Tokheim Farm outside Odda. The indoor takes were filmed at The Art Room in Thunes Mek. Verksted, Sk\u00f8yen.\nThe film premi\u00e8red on 26 December 1926 at the Cirkus Verdensteater and Frogner Cinema Theatre, Oslo.\nThe film only existed in one, severely damaged 35\u00a0mm copy, with extremely unstable pictures, as the copy had shrunk, with extensive damages and scratches in the emulsion. The film was scanned in 2048x1556 pixels, and a total of 113.000 frames were individually stored and repaired. The data files were stabilized, illuminated and repaired with the most advanced equipment.\nThe copy that the Norwegian Film Institute had in its possession was an unedited version without titles. The Swedish title lists were found at The Swedish Film Classification Board in 1998.\nFrom these files, a new, restored 35\u00a0mm negative was produced in 1999, with new music based on the original playlists, written by Halldor Krogh. Hardanger fiddle soloist: Einar Mjralsnes. Sound Engineer: H\u00e9kon Aarraen. Music producer: Halldor Krogh\nSince 1999, several new title lists have surfaced. This has rendered it possible to reconstruct an omitted sequence which expands on the narrative in the film. In 2007, a new version, a few hundred meters longer, was released on DVD with Norwegian intertitles and English subtitles.","parent_id":"5545aab24d9645f2390c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"bf6d1d64dba81f86e98a:0","document_content":"# Lost City Raiders\n***Lost City Raiders*** is a 2008 made-for-television science fiction film written and directed by Jean de Segonzac. It starred James Brolin, Ian Somerhalder, Jamie King, and Bettina Zimmermann.\nIn year 2048, global warming has caused much of the surface of the earth to become flooded. In the city of New Vatican, Cardinal Battaglia believes that the global inundation can be gotten rid of by using the \\\"scepter of Moses\\\". This is the staff that Moses used to part the Red Sea during The Exodus.\nCardinal Battaglia contacts John Kubiak (James Brolin) and his sons Jack (Ian Somerhalder) and Thomas (Jamie King). The Kubiak family is raiding the sunken New York City for various treasures lost beneath the waves. The Kubiaks are to assist Brother Fontana and Father Giacopetti in a submarine to retrieve the scepter and save the earth. They are opposed by Nicholas Filiminov (Ben Cross), a major land dealer who wants the scepter for his own purposes; having forced the water to rise to cover the remaining land, survivors will be forced to live in his planned floating communities, and he can then purchase the sunken land for a pittance before lowering the water level again. The Kubiak brothers are also involved with two women, Giovanna (Bettina Zimmermann)---Jack\\'s ex---and Cara (Elodie Frenck)---their new mechanic, who take on a new importance after John\\'s death forces his sons to take up his mission. Despite the attempted intervention of an insane Cardinal who sees the Rising as God\\'s punishment for mankind\\'s sins, the new Team Kubiak are able to activate an ancient chamber that triggers the lowering of the flood waters. The film ends with the team having dinner and contemplating their future as they visit the thirty-one other chambers listed on the map as activating that one chamber only caused the Mediterranean to drop ten meters while not affecting the rest of the world.","parent_id":"bf6d1d64dba81f86e98a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"bf6d1d64dba81f86e98a:1","document_content":"# Lost City Raiders\n- James Brolin as Pa Kubiak\n- Ian Somerhalder as Jack Kubiak\n- Bettina Zimmermann as Giovanna Becker\n- Jamie King as Thomas Kubiak\n- \u00c9lodie Frenck as Cara\n- Michael Mendl as Cardinal Battaglia\n- Jeremy Crutchley as Father Giacopetti\n- Ben Cross as Nicholas Filiminov\nGerman commercial television station ProSieben, the American cable television network Sci Fi Channel, Austrian production company Tandem Communications produced the film. Its budget was US\\$6 million.\nThe film was first announced in March 2006. Tandem Communications intentionally picked an international cast, part of the company\\'s successful strategy of making films easily marketable around the world. Within weeks of the announcement of the production, the film had already been pre-sold in Germany, France, and Spain.\nPrincipal cinematography was to have begun in the summer of 2006, but did not begin until April 2008.\nThe 90-minute film was intended to air in two parts. The Sci Fi Channel hoped that it would lead to a series. The film had its worldwide television debut on 31 October 2008 in Germany. It debuted on the Sci Fi Channel on 22 November 2008.\nDavid Hinckley in the *New York Daily News* found the production values exceptionally low and the film predictable. \\\"Sadly, the action turns out to be fairly predictable. Not as predictable as Brolin\\'s acting, but predictable nonetheless, which may be why the filmmakers insert a romantic subplot involving not one, but two spirited, adventuresome women.\\\" Linda Stasi of the *New York Post* called it bad and cheesy. The *Tampa Tribune* called it \\\"*Waterworld* without the budget\\\" and an \\\"awful movie\\\".","parent_id":"bf6d1d64dba81f86e98a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b82297d69b6746d0e8e6:0","document_content":"# The Child's Eye\n***The Child\\'s Eye*** () is a 2010 Hong Kong horror film by the Pang brothers. It takes place in 2008 in Bangkok where six find themselves at the Chung Tai Hotel. After Rainie (Rainie Yang) sees a female ghost and Ling (Elanne Kwong) finds a disembodied hand, they find that while at dinner, the three men they came with have disappeared. Rainie leads the girls to find their friends.\n*The Child\\'s Eye* premiered on 4 September 2010 at the Venice Film Festival, making it the first 3D Hong Kong horror film. The film received negative reviews, most of which took issue with the quality of the script.\nIn Bangkok, six young people on vacation find themselves stranded at an airport due to a riot. A driver takes them to the Chung Tai Hotel, run by Chuen, where Rainie sees a female ghost and Ling finds a hovering hand trying to grab her. While at dinner the three men disappear. Rainie leads the girls with the aid of Man-man and her ghost-seeing dog Little Huang as they try to find them in the hotel\\'s underground passages where they encounter the female ghost and a strange monster which is actually a dog human hybrid.\nActress Rainie Yang in 2010. Yang played a character named Rainie in *The Child\\'s Eye*\n- Rainie Yang as Rainie. The romantic partner of Lok. They are on the verge of breaking up.\n- Elanne Kwong as Ling. The sister of Rex.\n- Lam Ka-tung as Chuen. The owner of the hotel.\n- Jo Koo as Chuen\\'s wife.\n- Ciwi Lam as Ciwi. The girlfriend of Hei.\n- Izz Xu as Hei. Ciwi\\'s boyfriend.\n- Rex Ho as Rex. Ling\\'s brother.\n- Shawn Yue as Lok. Rainie\\'s romantic partner.","parent_id":"b82297d69b6746d0e8e6","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b82297d69b6746d0e8e6:1","document_content":"# The Child's Eye\nDue to the success of *Journey to the Center of the Earth* and *Bolt*, the idea of producing *The Child\\'s Eye* as a 3-D film was greenlit. *The Child\\'s Eye* is the first 3D Hong Kong horror film and the first Hong Kong production to be entirely shot in 3-D and in high definition. Director Danny Pang stated that when he \\\"went to see the 3-D Hollywood films the first chance we got\\...The technology of 3-D filming is now well-developed enough for us to try applying our horror style.\\\"\nThe film began shooting in June 2009 in Thailand. The Pang brothers stated they had difficulty with the camera movement, editing, and filming on location in 3D, saying \\\"It took 10 hours to get 12 shots. It took more time to adjust the lighting for the 3-D effects. And we needed to adjust the balance level of the left eye and the right eye---getting the correct focus is important and quite difficult\\\". Actress Rainie Yang said the role in the film was difficult for her, stating \\\"I never tried this before in my previous works. It is demanding as it all depends on your own imagination. But I feel lucky that I could try such special role which others may want to try but could never have a chance\\\".\nThe film premiered out of competition at the Venice Film Festival on September 4, 2010. It was released in Hong Kong on October 14, 2010. Clips to promote the film were shown at Ocean Park in Hong Kong before its release. The film premiered at number one position on its first week in the Hong Kong box office grossing \\$572,080. The film was also successful in Malaysia where it was the number one film in the box office for two weeks, grossing a total of \\$1,487,116. The film grossed a total of \\$3,712,643 worldwide.","parent_id":"b82297d69b6746d0e8e6","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b82297d69b6746d0e8e6:2","document_content":"# The Child's Eye\n### Reception\nThe film received generally negative reviews after its premiere. *Variety* commented on a weak script, and notes that the \\\"hands pop out of the ground, monsters lunge camerawards, and other shocktastic devices that even William Castle would have thought corny are deployed\\...Outside Asia, this one looks destined to be eyeballed mostly by cultists\\\". Film Business Asia gave the film a three out of ten rating, stating that \\\"The Child\\'s Eye 3D is not as lame as the previous entry in the Pang Brothers\\' Eye cycle, The Eye 10\\...The fault, as with so many of the brothers\\' films, lies in the script, which generates little characterisation among its six young leads (actually three, for most of the film) and relies purely on eerie sound effects, sudden crashes on the soundtrack and ghost\/monster shots for its horror\\\". *Screen Daily* gave the film a mixed review, stating that the script is a \\\"strictly by-the-numbers affair, there are more than a few nicely set-up 3D moments and a healthy moment of surreal filmmaking in amidst the film\\'s horror-in-a-hotel tale\\\". *Today* gave the film a rating of 1.5 out of 5, saying that \\\"poor acting, the lack of cast cohesiveness and too many plot holes makes this wannabe fright flick one huge disappointment\\\".","parent_id":"b82297d69b6746d0e8e6","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"dff6d817ae43fd84c76b:0","document_content":"# The Gateway of Europe\n***The Gateway of Europe*** () is a Polish historical film. It was released in 1999. In 2001 it received Polish Film Awards for Best Cinematography, Best Costume Design and Best Production Design.\nIn January 1918, three volunteer nurses came to the field hospital and Polish Corps located in the manor in Ciechinicze (Cichinicze) between Raha\u010do\u016d and Babrujsk. Sophie, one of the nurses, finds her previously missing brother. When the hospital gets into the hands of the Bolsheviks, the sisters must cope not only with patient care, but also the brutality of the enemy soldiers.\n- Alicja Bachleda-Curu\u015b as Zosia\n- Kinga Preis as Hala\n- Henryk Bouko\u0142owski as Dr Mroczek\n- Agata Buzek as Henrietta\n- Piotr Szwedes as Smag\u0142y\n- Ma\u0142gorzata Rudzka as Lasiewska\n- Agnieszka Sitek \u2212 Ira\n- Mariusz Bonaszewski \u2212 dr Lesiewski\n- Piotr Szwedes \u2212 Smag\u0142y\n- Piotr Adamczyk \u2212 Sztyller\n- Katarzyna Groniec \u2212 Niewidoma\n- Magda Teresa W\u00f3jcik \u2212 Kobieta\n- Jan Kozaczuk \u2212 Staszewicz\n- Piotr Rzymyszkiewicz \u2212 kolega Staszewicza\n- Andriej Jegorow \u2212 Andriej Anczew\n- Aleksander Kalinowski \u2212 Rudy\n- Micha\u0142 Breitenwald \u2212 \u017byd\n- Jerzy Mularczyk \u2212 ranny","parent_id":"dff6d817ae43fd84c76b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"453c9c143616ce3f2e6d:0","document_content":"# Dabangg 2\n***Dabangg 2*** () is a 2012 Indian Hindi-language action comedy film co-produced (with Malaika Arora) and directed by Arbaaz Khan in his directorial debut. Its story is set in Kanpur and written by Dilip Shukla. *Dabangg 2* serves as a sequel to the 2010 film *Dabangg* and is the second part in the highly successful *Dabangg franchise*. It stars Salman Khan, Sonakshi Sinha, Arbaaz Khan, Mahie Gill and Vinod Khanna reprising their roles from *Dabangg*, with Prakash Raj playing the antagonist replacing Sonu Sood. The supporting cast includes Nikitin Dheer, Gireesh Sahdev, Pankaj Tripathi, Manoj Pahwa and Deepak Dobriyal, with Manoj Joshi and Tinnu Anand appearing in cameo roles.\nThe development of *Dabangg 2* commenced after the release of *Dabangg*. Abhinav Kashyap, who directed *Dabangg*, refused to direct the film citing unknown reasons; following this, Arbaaz Khan decided to make his directorial debut. Filming for *Dabangg 2* began on 9 March 2012 in Mumbai.\n*Dabangg 2* theatrically released in India on 21 December 2012 during the Christmases festival. It earned nett in India within three days of its release to break the record of *Ek Tha Tiger*, another film featuring Salman Khan. It opened to mixed reviews, with praise for its performances, action sequences, humor and music, but criticism for its script and screenplay.","parent_id":"453c9c143616ce3f2e6d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"453c9c143616ce3f2e6d:1","document_content":"# Dabangg 2\n*Dabangg 2* grossed over at the worldwide box office, becoming the second highest-grossing Bollywood film of 2012 behind *Ek Tha Tiger*, and one of the highest-grossing Indian films of all time. The film accumulated nett and was termed a \\\"blockbuster\\\" by Box Office India. The third film in the franchise, *Dabangg 3*, was released in December 2019.\nThe story carries on from the previous film--- Inspector Chulbul Pandey--- in charge of a local police station in Kanpur and resides there with his wife Rajjo, half brother Makkhi and stepfather. A boy gets kidnapped from a school, therefore Chulbul deals with the problem. In Kanpur, an assassin murders a witness who is about to testify against a dreaded don. Chulbul tracks the assassin down, killing him at a coffeehouse. The don is Thakur Bachcha Singh, a struggling politician. After several public altercations, Bachcha\\'s brother Genda convinces him to get rid of Pandey, threatening Chulbul\\'s stepfather to kill his entire family if Chulbul keeps on interfering in Bachcha\\'s criminal activities.\nGenda harasses a girl, arriving at her wedding to kidnap her. Chulbul arrives at the wedding and asks Genda to leave. Genda refuses to comply and continues to insult Chulbul. Chulbul breaks his neck, leading to his death. In the meantime, his wife becomes pregnant, Pandey being advised by everybody to leave Bachcha alone for the sake of his family\\'s safety. Bachcha, promising to avenge his brother\\'s death, decides to do so before the election. He meets Rajjo and Makkhi while they are leaving a temple where Makkhi is shot by Bachcha, and Rajjo is pushed off the temple stairs. However, both of them survive, with Rajjo having a miscarriage and suffering a head injury.","parent_id":"453c9c143616ce3f2e6d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"453c9c143616ce3f2e6d:2","document_content":"# Dabangg 2\nChulbul is enraged at the loss of his first child. He enters Bachcha\\'s location and kills all of his men. He fights him and gets him arrested, but when Bachcha tries to threaten him, he kills him instantly by grabbing a gun and shooting him with two bullets in the chest. Later, Chulbul and Rajjo have their first child, a baby boy. Right at the end, Chedi Singh\\'s photographer (from the first film, Dabangg) arrives, asking for a family photo. They all laugh, and the photographer takes the picture.\n- Salman Khan as inspector Chulbul Pandey\n- Sonakshi Sinha as Rajjo Pandey\n- Arbaaz Khan as Makhanchand \\\"Makkhi\\\" Pandey\n- Prakash Raj as Thakur Bachcha Singh, a politician and the main antagonist\n- Vinod Khanna as Prajapati Pandey\n- Mahi Gill as Nirmala Pandey\n- Nikitin Dheer as Chunni, the secondary antagonist\n- Deepak Dobriyal as Genda Singh, Bachcha\\'s brother\n- Gireesh Sahedev as Inspector Siddique\n- Manoj Pahwa as Commissioner SP Anand Mathur\n- Flora Asha Saini in a cameo as a reporter\n- Madhumita Das as Raina Tripathi\n- Sandeepa Dhar as Anjali Prasad\n- Tinu Anand as the master in a special appearance\n- Manoj Joshi as a shopkeeper in a special appearance\n- Nitesh Pandey as a doctor in a special appearance\n- Pankaj Tripathi as Filawar\n- Rashami Desai in a cameo appearance in song \\\"Dagabaaz Re\\\"\n- Nandish Sandhu in a cameo appearance in song \\\"Dagabaaz Re\\\"\n- Achyut Potdar as Beni Prasad, Anjali\\'s Grandfather\n- Malaika Arora Khan as Munni, a bar dancer in the item number song \\\"Pandeyji Seeti\\\"\n- Kareena Kapoor as a bar dancer in the item number song \\\"Fevicol Se\\\"","parent_id":"453c9c143616ce3f2e6d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"453c9c143616ce3f2e6d:3","document_content":"# Dabangg 2\n### Development\nWhen director Abhinav Kashyap opted out of directing the sequel, Arbaaz Khan himself decided to helm the film. Prakash Raj was confirmed to have been chosen to play the main villain. Kareena Kapoor has chosen to play an item number in the film, despite initial reports considering Katrina Kaif for the role.\nIn Feb 2012, it was reported that distribution rights were sold to UTV Motion Pictures for a price of 1.40\u00a0billion, the highest for a Bollywood film till date. But later UTV Motion Pictures reported the news as completely fake & nonsense. UTV Motion Pictures has brushed aside rumours of purchasing the rights of the sequel to Salman Khan-Sonakshi Sinha starrer, *Dabangg 2* for 1.40\u00a0billion.\nThe national emblem framed on the wall of Chulbul Pandey\\'s police station was depicted incorrectly. Sensitive to the slightest abnormality pertaining to national sentiments, the Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) has asked producer-director Arbaaz Khan to simply blur the corner of the film\\'s frames where the national emblem appears.\n\n### Filming\nShooting for the film began in March 2012. The producers announced plans to shoot the film in Kanpur. A set depicting the city of Kanpur was created at the Kamalistan Studios in Mumbai, where the first schedule of the film was shot. The entire studio was rented for the film, making it a first in Bollywood. The phase consisted of shooting a qawwali song under neon lights. Following the shoot, filming is expected to take place in film city in Mumbai. The last schedule has been planned to be shot at Satara. Three days after the film went on floors, it was reported that Salman Khan replaced cinematographer, K. K. Senthil Kumar, with Aseem Kumar. A song titled \\\"Fevicol Se\\\" was choreographed as a dance number and considered as an equivalent to \\\"Munni Badnaam Hui\\\" from prequel. Reports indicating that Salman would essay an important involvement in the director\\'s role were dismissed by Arbaaz. *Dabangg 2* was produced on a budget of ; 170\u00a0million were spent on marketing costs of the film.\n\\+***Dabangg 2* Pre-release business**\n`Territories\u00a0and\u00a0ancillary\u00a0revenues`\n`Price`\n`\u00a0Satellite\u00a0rights\u00a0with\u00a0a\u00a0TV\u00a0channel`\n`Overseas\u00a0&\u00a0home\u00a0video\u00a0rights\u00a0with\u00a0Eros\u00a0International`","parent_id":"453c9c143616ce3f2e6d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"453c9c143616ce3f2e6d:4","document_content":"# Dabangg 2\n### Filming\n`Music\u00a0rights\u00a0(T-Series)`\nTotal\n- The figures don\\'t include the Print and Advertising (P&A) costs.\nThe songs are composed by Sajid--Wajid while the lyrics were penned by Jalees Sherwani, Irfan Kamal, and Sameer. The film score is composed by Sandeep Shirodkar. The full soundtrack album was released on 9 November 2012.\n\\\"Pandeyji Seeti\\\" appears to be inspired by the song \\\"Chalat Musafir\\\" from the film *Teesri Kasam* (1966), which in turn was inspired by a Bihari folk song, and added little sample of previous song Munni Badnaam Hui, which this song \\\"Pandeyji Seeti\\\", became sequel of this song In turn, \\\"Pandeyji Seeti\\\" itself appears to have inspired the song \\\"Badri Ki Dulhania\\\" in the film *Badrinath Ki Dulhania* (2017). The song \\\"Fevicol Se\\\", which showed Kareena Kapoor, sung by same singer Mamta Sharma.","parent_id":"453c9c143616ce3f2e6d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"453c9c143616ce3f2e6d:5","document_content":"# Dabangg 2\n### Track listing\nThe first look of the film was unveiled on 19 October 2012 and theatrical trailer was launched on 20 October 2012 at Salman Khan\\'s reality show *Bigg Boss 6*. Chulbul Pandey, Khan\\'s character in *Dabangg 2* appeared in StarPlus soap Diya Aur Baati Hum to promote the film. It aired on 12 and 13 December 2012. Salman and Sonakshi promoted the film on the sets of *Sa Re Ga Ma Pa*. *Dabangg 2* was screened at the Ketnav theatre in Khar, a western Mumbai suburb, on 17 December 2012. A *Dabangg 2* special screening was done for the star kids on 19 December 2012. Another premiere was held on 20 December 2012 in which Aamir Khan also attended.\n*Dabangg 2* released in 3500 screens in India and 450 screens overseas on 21 December 2012. The film was made on a budget of including prints and advertising. This figure does not include Salman Khan\\'s fee which can go as high as the budget of the film itself. *Dabangg 2* had the highest screen count for any film in India and worldwide, surpassing that of *Ek Tha Tiger*. The trailers for *Kai Po Che!* and *Bhaag Milkha Bhaag* were released with *Dabangg 2*.\n\n### Controversy\nChief judicial magistrate (CJM), Muzaffarpur has ordered to lodge an FIR against seven artists of *Dabangg 2*, including Salman Khan, Arbaaz Khan, Kareena Kapoor, Sonakshi Sinha, and others under Section 156 (clause 3) of the CrPC and submit a report within a week in connection with a complaint filed against a song \\\"Fevicol....\\\" in Hindi movie *Dabangg 2*. The complainant filed the case demanding a ban on the song immediately, claiming that such songs are likely to fuel sexual harassment and misbehaviour against girls at a time when the entire nation was experiencing an unprecedented shame due to the recent gang rape and death of a 23-year-old girl in Delhi.","parent_id":"453c9c143616ce3f2e6d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"453c9c143616ce3f2e6d:6","document_content":"# Dabangg 2\n### Critical Reception\nDabangg 2 received mixed reviews from critics. Taran Adarsh of Bollywood Hungama gave the film 4 out of 5 stars and said \\\"*Dabangg 2* has Salman Khan, Salman Khan and Salman Khan plus entertainment, entertainment and entertainment in large doses\\\". Resham Sengar of Zee TV rated the film 3.5 out of 5 stars, noting \\\"But the actor cum director has kept the standards of the film intact like a pro. So much so that it was hard to believe that a newbie in film making has directed the film. So, go on and book your ticket to enjoy this paisa vasool film with your friends and family and don\\'t forget to grab a tub of popcorn\\\". Srijana Mitra Das of *The Times of India* gave the film 3.5 out of 5 stars and praised the overall style. *Mid-Day* gave it 3 out of 5 stars and said the film was a treat for diehard Salman Khan fans. Rubina Khan of First Post India gave the film 3 out of 5 stars and said it didn\\'t matter what score she gave the film, it would still do great business. *Filmfare* stated \\\"*Dabangg 2* is a fanboy\\'s dream and wouldn\\'t disappoint the first comer either\\\".","parent_id":"453c9c143616ce3f2e6d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"453c9c143616ce3f2e6d:7","document_content":"# Dabangg 2\n### Critical Reception\nSaibal Chatterjee of NDTV gave the film a score 2.5 out of 5 stars reviewing \\\"This film might also end up raking in a much larger box office booty than *Dabangg* did, but assessed strictly as a pure entertainer designed for instant mass gratification, it isn\\'t half as successful. Unfortunately, the *Dabangg 2* screenplay is devoid of any fresh ideas\\\". Gaurav Malani, also from *The Times of India* gave the film a mixed review and recommended skipping it by \\\"watching reruns of *Dabangg* on television\\\". Raja Sen of Rediff gave it 2.5 out of 5 stars and felt *Dabangg 2* was less unwatchable than its predecessor and it had \\\"absolutely nothing new to offer, and nothing to remember, quote or take away from the theatre\\\". *The Indian Express* rated the film 2.5 out of 5 stars and said \\\"Arbaaz should have given himself some more time\\\" to make the film watchable. *Stardust* publishers Manga gave the film 2.5 out of 5 stars also calling it a \\\"one-time watch potboiler\\\". Anupama Chopra of the *Hindustan Times* gave the film 2.5 out of 5 stars and said *Dabangg 2* does not match \\\"the zing of the original\\\" and \\\"there wasn\\'t one line that stayed with me after the film\\\". Rajeev Masand of CNN-IBN gave the film 2.5 out of 5 stars and stated what the \\\"film needed was personality and character, what it\\'s left with is sameness. But that\\'s probably enough for Salman Khan fans\\\".","parent_id":"453c9c143616ce3f2e6d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"453c9c143616ce3f2e6d:8","document_content":"# Dabangg 2\n### Critical Reception\nAniruddha Guha also of *DNA India* rated the film 2 out of 5 stars and called it \\\"wannabe-*Dabangg*\\\". After giving it a 2 out of 5 stars, the *Daily Bhaskar* panned *Dabangg 2* by saying \\\"you\\'d feel like a moron spending the last day on planet Earth filling your mind and lowering your IQ with rubbish like this\\\". Business of Cinema gave the film 2 out of 5 stars and said it was a copy of the original and offered nothing new. Reuters gave it a negative review and raised objections to the content and said the film \\\"objectified women in the worst way possible\\\". Sanjukta Sharma from *Live Mint* (*The Wall Street Journal*) said \\\"*Dabangg 2* is a disappointment. It had nothing to keep me engaged\\\".","parent_id":"453c9c143616ce3f2e6d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"453c9c143616ce3f2e6d:9","document_content":"# Dabangg 2\n### Critical Reception\nIGN gave the film 4.5 out of 10 stars and criticized the weak script and direction. Mufaddal Fakhruddin wrote, \\\"the screenplay and script are majorly lacking, and whatever story it does have is stretched out in a way that it becomes blatantly obvious. There were a number of times where I went, \\\"why did I just watch this scene?\\\". *Dabangg 2* felt lost. They say not all those who wander are lost, but *Dabangg 2* actually is. Digital Spy gave the film 2 out of 5 stars and objected to the content. Priya Joshi wrote, \\\"Khan revels in the shameless display of narcissism, but there is little to commend the performance. The dialog is trite, there is no depth to the characters, and most of the effort has been applied to the elaborate fight sequences. With the emphasis on violence and the objectifying of women, it\\'s a step back in time, where the women are either dutiful, temple-going housewives or cleavage-baring prostitutes\\\". Joshi recommended skipping the film and added instead of watching it, we could \\\"use the time, perhaps more wisely, pondering whether we have enough brussels for Christmas dinner\\\". Asian review website Wogma rated the film 1.18 out of 5 and criticized all aspects, from direction to performances by the lead actors. The reviewer broke down the rating of the film and gave \\\"1 out of 5 for direction, 1 out of 5 for the story, 1 out of 5 for lead actors performances, 2 out of 5 for character artists, 2 out of 5 for dialogues, 1 out of 5 for screenplay, 1.5 out of 5 for the music, and 1 out of 5 for lyrics\\\". Simon Abrams of *The Village Voice* said \\\"before they really screw up the film, *Dabangg 2*\\'s creators do a good job of not taking themselves too seriously\\\". Trisha Gupta from First Post International said the film was a rehash of *Dabangg*. Instead of giving a review, the *New York Daily Times* objected to the content of the film. Quoting William Nicholas Gomes, a visiting fellow at the University of York, they said *Dabangg 2* \\\"glorified the practice of torture by police forces\\\" and would \\\"raise wider public support in favour of torture and ill treatment of prisoners in custody\\\".","parent_id":"453c9c143616ce3f2e6d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"453c9c143616ce3f2e6d:10","document_content":"# Dabangg 2\n### Accolades\n`Distributor`\n`Date\u00a0aired`\n`Category`\n`Recipient`\n`Result`\n`Zee\u00a0Cine\u00a0Awards`\n`20\u00a0January\u00a02013`\nBest Actor (Male)\n`Salman\u00a0Khan`\n`Best\u00a0Actor-\u00a0Male\u00a0(Viewer's\u00a0Choice)`\n`Salman\u00a0Khan`\n`Colors\u00a0Screen\u00a0Awards`\n`19\u00a0January\u00a02013`\n`Best\u00a0Actor\u00a0(Male)`\n`Salman\u00a0Khan`\n`Best\u00a0Actor\u00a0in\u00a0a\u00a0Negative\u00a0Role\u00a0(Male\/Female)`\n`Deepak\u00a0Dobriyal`\n`Promising\u00a0Debut\u00a0Director`\n`Arbaaz\u00a0Khan`\n`Best\u00a0Music`\n`Sajid-Wajid`\n`Best\u00a0Playback\u00a0Singer\u00a0(Female)`\n`Mamta\u00a0Sharma\u00a0\u00a0(\"Fevicol\",\u00a0`*`Dabangg 2`*`)`\n`Best\u00a0Lyrics`\n`Sameer\u00a0Anjaan(\"Dagabaaz\u00a0re\",\u00a0`*`Dabangg 2`*`)\u00a0`\n`Best\u00a0Dialogue`\n`Dilip\u00a0Shukla\u00a0(Dabangg\u00a02)`\n`Best\u00a0Choreography`\n`Chinni\u00a0Prakash\u00a0(\"Pandeyji\u00a0seeti\u00a0bajaaye\",\u00a0`*`Dabangg 2`*`)\u00a0\u00a0Farah\u00a0Khan\u00a0(\"Fevicol\",\u00a0`*`Dabangg 2`*`)`\n`Best\u00a0Action`\n`A\u00a0Arasukumar\u00a0(`*`Dabangg 2`*`)`\n`Best\u00a0Actor\u00a0(Popular\u00a0Choice)`\n`Salman\u00a0Khan`\n`Mirchi\u00a0Music\u00a0Awards`\n`3\u00a0March\u00a02013`\n`Song\u00a0of\u00a0The\u00a0Year`\n`\"Dagabaaz\u00a0Re\"`\n`Lyricist\u00a0of\u00a0The\u00a0Year`\n`Sameer\u00a0Anjaan\u00a0(\"Dagabaaz\u00a0Re\")`\n`Raag-Inspired\u00a0Song\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0Year`\n`\"Dagabaaz\u00a0Re\"`\n`Filmfare\u00a0Awards`\n`20\u00a0January\u00a02013`\n`Best\u00a0Actor`\n`Salman\u00a0Khan`\n`Nickelodeon\u00a0Kids'\u00a0Choice\u00a0Awards,\u00a0India`\n`2013`\n`Best\u00a0Actor`\n`Salman\u00a0Khan`\n`Best\u00a0Actress`\n`Sonakshi\u00a0Sinha`\n`Best\u00a0Film`\n*`Dabangg 2`*\n`Screen\u00a0Awards`\n`2013`\n`Best\u00a0Actor\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Popular\u00a0Choice`\n`Salman\u00a0Khan\u00a0for\u00a0`*`Dabangg 2`*`\u00a0and\u00a0`*`Ek Tha Tiger`*\n`Best\u00a0Actor`\n`Salman\u00a0Khan`\n`Best\u00a0Music\u00a0Director`\n`Sajid\u2013Wajid`\n`Best\u00a0Female\u00a0Playback\u00a0Singer`\n`Mamta\u00a0Sharma\u00a0for\u00a0`*`Fevicol Se`*\n`Most\u00a0Promising\u00a0Debut\u00a0Director`\n`Arbaaz\u00a0Khan`\n`Best\u00a0Villain`","parent_id":"453c9c143616ce3f2e6d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"453c9c143616ce3f2e6d:11","document_content":"# Dabangg 2\n### Accolades\n`Deepak\u00a0Dobriyal`\n`Best\u00a0Choreography`\n`Chinni\u00a0Prakash\u00a0for\u00a0`*`PandeyJee Seeti`*\n`Farah\u00a0Khan\u00a0for\u00a0`*`Fevicol Se`*\n`Best\u00a0Dialogue`\n`Dilip\u00a0Shukla`\n`Best\u00a0Action`\n`Anl\u00a0Arasu\u00a0for\u00a0`*`Dabangg 2`*`\u00a0and\u00a0`*`Rowdy Rathore`*\n\n### India\n*Dabangg 2* was the second-highest grosser of the year behind *Ek Tha Tiger*. It netted on its opening day, the biggest non-holiday opener beating the previous record held by *Rowdy Rathore*. On its second day however, the film witnessed a drop due to \\\"excessive screenings and cold weather\\\" but still collected around . The film\\'s business grew on Sunday and it collected , taking the first weekend total to , beating the previous three-day record set by *Khiladi 786*. After a successful weekend, the film had a strong Monday where it made , beating the previous record held by *Dabangg*. *Dabangg 2* collected around on Tuesday (Christmas day). *Dabangg 2* netted around on Wednesday. The film collected on Thursday, bringing the first week total to . The film collected in its second weekend taking the film\\'s collections to . The film was declared a blockbuster by Box Office India after its first week. *Dabangg 2* has collected around nett in five days of its second week as it grossed a huge crore plus on Tuesday as it was New Years Day, taking its total to . According to Box Office India, the film became the second highest-grossing film of 2012 in 13 days, adding 30\u00a0million nett on that day. *Dabangg 2* collected solid figures of nett in its second week. After successful two weeks, the film further netted in third weekend to make a total of around nett. *Dabangg 2* collected a good figure of in its third week. It netted around nett after the completion of its theatrical run. The final distributor share of the film in India was .","parent_id":"453c9c143616ce3f2e6d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"453c9c143616ce3f2e6d:12","document_content":"# Dabangg 2\n### Overseas\n*Dabangg 2* collected close to US\\$8.5\u00a0million overseas in its opening weekend. The film reached \\$8\u00a0million overseas in 10 days and was declared a \\'super-hit\\' by Box Office India. *Dabangg 2* has taken its overseas total to around \\$10.25\u00a0million in 17 days and has become the third biggest overseas hit of 2012 behind *Jab Tak Hai Jaan* and *Ek Tha Tiger*, both of which earned the \\'blockbuster\\' status overseas. *Dabangg 2* grossed around \\$11.75\u00a0million in its total lifetime.\nIt has been reported that *Dabangg 3* a sequel which will be the third and last installment in the Dabangg (film series) starring Salman Khan and Sudeep was released on 20 December 2019.","parent_id":"453c9c143616ce3f2e6d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6c0be0e719faa6970263:0","document_content":"# The Sorcerer and the White Snake\n***The Sorcerer and the White Snake***, previously known as ***It\\'s Love*** and ***Madame White Snake***, is a 2011 action fantasy film directed by Ching Siu-tung and starring Jet Li. It is based on the Chinese legend, *Legend of the White Snake*. Production started on September 10, 2010 and ended on January 16, 2011. The film is in 3-D and was shown out of competition at the 68th Venice International Film Festival on 3 September 2011. It was released in mainland China on 28 September 2011 and Hong Kong on 29 September.\nAbbot Fahai and his assistant Neng Ren meet an ice harpy at the top of a mountain. The harpy turns the impetuous Neng Ren into an ice statue. Unrepentant, Fahai is forced to capture her with a demon trapper, which releases Neng Ren from the transformation. Neng Ren is then tasked to confine the ice harpy at Lei Feng Pagoda, confining it in a magic circle along with other trapped demons.\nOn the other side of the mountain, two female snake demons (Qingqing and Susu) are playing around when they spot a physician, Xu Xian, picking herbs at the foot of the mountain with his friends. Qingqing, being a playful snake, scares him, causing him to fall into the lake below. Susu, being gentler, assumes human form and kisses Xu Xian, which allows Vital Essence to flow from her into his body thus saving him. When Xu Xian wakes up he tells his friends about the kiss, which only makes them laugh.","parent_id":"6c0be0e719faa6970263","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6c0be0e719faa6970263:1","document_content":"# The Sorcerer and the White Snake\nAfter finding a victim of a bat demon, Fahai and Neng Ren leave the temple to subdue the bat demon. Xu Xian comes across them and offers a boat ride to the city. Susu starts thinking about the day she kissed Xu Xian and decides to head to the city to find him. Meanwhile, while Qingqing is exploring the city, she comes across Neng Ren and decides to help him subdue the bat demon by revealing its location. Neng Ren defeats the bat demon\\'s cohorts, but is unable to subdue the bat demon king and is bitten. Though he is subsequently saved by Fahai, Neng Ren starts turning into a bat demon himself the next day and decides to run away. Meanwhile, Xu Xian recognizes Susu and they spend the night together, oblivious to the fact that she is a snake in human form.\nNeng Ren is found by Qinqing and the two befriend each other. They realize that Neng Ren, despite becoming a bat demon, still has all his human taste for human food, and most of his human qualities. Meanwhile, Xu Xian and Susu wed. Fahai gives Xu Xian a dagger that can kill demons, anticipating that Susu is a demon since she is able to counter the poison of the fox demon and confronts and defeats her but spares her as she had helped save others with a warning to leave Xu Xian as their union will only cause pain and threatens to kill her otherwise. When she doesn\\'t, Fahai and his disciples attack her and Xu Xian\\'s cottage. Susu fights the battle in snake form, but is stabbed by Xu Xian, who is unaware of her true identity. Susu escapes but is gravely injured. Xu Xian, after realizing what he has done, decides to get the spirit root to heal her.","parent_id":"6c0be0e719faa6970263","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6c0be0e719faa6970263:2","document_content":"# The Sorcerer and the White Snake\nHelped by Susu\\'s friend, a mouse, Xu Xian manages to retrieve a root kept inside the Lei Feng Pagoda, but is possessed by demons since the root was the thing that kept the demons in place. Fahai and the other monks capture Xu Xian and prepare to cast spells to banish the demons from his body. When Susu recovers, she goes to find Xu Xian along with Qinqing. They are confronted by Fahai, who tries to explain to them that the spell should not be broken before it is complete. Susu, however, does not believe him and accuses him of trying to separate them. The two sisters battle Fahai and after Fahai breaks their swords, they retaliate by unleashing a tidal wave on Jinshan that Fahai is able to cut in two to prevent too much damage only to be attacked by their true forms. Susu releases Xu Xian from the spell, but he does not have any memory of Susu. Susu blames this on Fahai and they battle. Despite managing to repel Susu\\'s fierce snakes and incapacitate Qingqing, Fahai is left defeated as he questions whether he was too driven on his demon-hunting and fierce defense of Buddha as despite all his efforts, disasters would continue on without stopping. When Susu recommences the battle, Fahai is empowered by his faith in Buddha and manifesting many divine arms around him, easily deflects all of Susu\\'s attacks before he is able to trap Susu in Lei Feng Pagoda. At this point, Susu repents and asks to see Xu Xian just one last time. Buddha implores Fahai to fulfill Susu\\'s wish and Fahai, filled with the divine spirit, obeys and lifts up the pagoda, temporarily freeing Susu. After an emotional talk with Xu Xian, Susu kisses him, causing him to remember everything. Susu is then sucked back into the temple as Fahai lets go of the temple, trapping Susu there again much to Xu Xian\\'s sadness. Qingqing, watching all this from a distance with Neng Ren, tells him that she doesn\\'t want to love anyone as her sister loved Xu Xian, and leaves saying that he will never be a true bat demon anyway.","parent_id":"6c0be0e719faa6970263","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6c0be0e719faa6970263:3","document_content":"# The Sorcerer and the White Snake\nIn the epilogue, Xu Xian picks herbs around the pagoda, while Susu has returned to her snake form trapped inside the temple. Fahai is seen walking around the mountainside when suddenly Neng Ren (now a complete bat demon) appears alongside him. Throwing him an apple, Fahai tells him that he has grown used to his new look, and they journey together again.\n- Jet Li as Abbot Fahai (\u6cd5\u6d77)\n- Raymond Lam as Xu Xian (\u8bb8\u4ed9)\n- Eva Huang as the White Snake\/Susu (\u7d20\u7d20)\n- Charlene Choi as the Green Snake\/Qingqing (\u5c0f\u9752)\n- Wen Zhang as Neng Ren (\u80fd\u5fcd)\n- Jiang Wu as Turtle Devil (\u9f9c\u5996)\n- Vivian Hsu as Ice Harpy (\u96ea\u5996)\n- Miriam Yeung as Rabbit Devil (\u5154)\n- Chapman To as Toad Monster\/Gugu (\u86e4\u87c6\u602a)\n- Law Kar-ying as Mysterious Herbalist (\u795e\u79d8\u85e5\u5e2b)\n- Lam Suet as Chicken Devil (\u96de\u5996)\n- Sonija Kwok as Bu Ming (\u4e0d\u660e)\n- Angela Tong as Cat Devil (\u8c93\u5996)\n- Michelle Wai as Bat Devil (\u8759\u8760\u5996\u5973)\nLeading actors Ethan Juan, Peter Ho, Mark Chao and Raymond Lam auditioned for the lead role in the film. In the end, Lam got the role. It was reported that Juan and Chao were dropped as they were deemed to be not well known enough in China and Ho\\'s image did not suit the male lead.\nJet Li was announced to be part of the cast during early pre-production. However, his role was not revealed until September 2010, when some actors\\' roles were announced, including Jet Li as Fa Hai, Eva Huang as White Snake, Raymond Lam as Xu Xian, Charlene Choi as Green Snake and Wen Zhang, whom Li invited to play his disciple Neng Ren.\nRegarding the action scenes, Jet Li said he had never been this exhausted before. Li said,\nRaymond Lam said he was always being hit by others,","parent_id":"6c0be0e719faa6970263","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6c0be0e719faa6970263:4","document_content":"# The Sorcerer and the White Snake\nFilming wrapped on January 16, 2011. Originally titled *Madame White Snake* in English, the film logo was unveiled during the production wrap press conference with the new official English title, *It\\'s Love*. However, the English title was changed to *The Sorcerer and the White Snake* when the distributor was announced. The actual title used has been *The Emperor and the White Snake*, both on DVD and at IMDb.\n- *Green Snake*\n- Hong Kong films of 2011\n- Jet Li filmography\n- *The Legend of the White Serpent* (1956 film)\n- *Legend of the White Snake*\n- *Madam White Snake* (TV series)\n- *The Tale of the White Serpent*","parent_id":"6c0be0e719faa6970263","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e87583319c4ef2c6b0b8:0","document_content":"# Ravex in Tezuka World\n***Ravex in Tezuka World*** is a 2009 18-minute anime short film by Japanese band Ravex. It was featured in the album *Trax*, celebrating the 20th anniversary of Avex as well as the 80th birthday of Osamu Tezuka.\nAs \\\"another story\\\" set after the end of the original manga, the plot starts after Astro is found on an asteroid after his final act to save Earth (shown in the 1960s anime). The robot boy is rescued by the three members of Ravex, and he is miraculously revived by \\\"Space Jack\\\". The newly revived robot is named \\\"Ratom\\\" - built by combining Rock with Astro, and equipped with the power of music.\nProfessor Ochanomizu works with Space Jack to create the newly evolved Ratom.\nA number of Tezuka characters appeared in the anime short.\nMain:\n- Astro Boy\n- Rock Holmes\n- Princess Sapphire\n- Ravex members (Shinichi Osawa, Taku Takahashi, Tanaka Tomoyuki)\nSupporting:\n- Pinoko\n- Tink\n- Hyakkimaru\n- Unico\n- Melmo\n- Black Jack (known as \\\"Space Jack\\\")\n**-Inserted Songs-**\n1.  \\\"Dark Silence\\\"\n2.  \\\"House Nation feat. Lisa\\\"\n3.  \\\"Believe in Love feat. BoA\\\"\n4.  \\\"Just the Two of Us feat. Tohoshinki\\\"\n5.  \\\"Golden Luv feat. Maki Goto\\\"\n6.  \\\"1 More Night feat. Monkey Majik\\\"\n7.  \\\"Bangalicious feat. Anna Tsuchiya\\\"\n8.  \\\"V.I.P.P. (Very Important Party People) feat. TRF & Verbal (M-Flo)\\\"\n9.  \\\"I Rave U feat. DJ Ozma\\\"\n10. \\\" feat. Y\u016bko And\u014d\\\"","parent_id":"e87583319c4ef2c6b0b8","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e4272f31c00501df5caa:0","document_content":"# Swann in Love (film)\n***Swann in Love*** (, ), is a 1984 Franco-German film directed by Volker Schl\u00f6ndorff. It is based on Marcel Proust\\'s seven-volume novel sequence*In Search of Lost Time*, specifically a self-contained section of the first volume, the title of which typically translates as *Swann\\'s Way* (1913). It was nominated for 2 BAFTA Film Awards.\nThe film\\'s story follows an original treatment of Proust\\'s story by theater and film director Peter Brook, who was originally going to make the movie, setting it as a day in the life of the aging and ill Charles Swann (Jeremy Irons), who looks back on his past life in flashbacks.\nThe young Swann is an idly wealthy eligible bachelor in the best circles of *Belle \u00c9poque* Paris, although he is still regarded as something of a social outsider because of his Jewish background. He has been having an affair with the Duchess de Guermantes (Fanny Ardant), but he soon becomes intrigued and then obsessed by the young courtesan Odette de Crecy (Ornella Muti).\nSwann\\'s interest in Odette is at first encouraged by Madame Verdurin (Marie-Christine Barrault), a hostess who oversees a tightly-knit, exclusive, and decadent social circle. His friend, the overtly gay Baron de Charlus (Alain Delon), helps to arrange for Swann and Odette to meet. Swann\\'s obsessive love for Odette, however, threatens Madame Verdurin\\'s control, so she arranges other assignations for the courtesan, inflaming Swann\\'s jealousy. Even though Swann declares himself to believe in a kind of spiritual egalitarianism, his interest in Odette is also aesthetic, as shown in references to a copy he owns of a fresco by Botticelli and his comparisons of Odette to the painting\\'s figure, the Biblical character Zipporah. Odette, on the other hand, considers herself free to socialise and sleep where she pleases, leading Swann to visit a prostitute who might have information about whether Odette sleeps with other women as well as men.","parent_id":"e4272f31c00501df5caa","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e4272f31c00501df5caa:1","document_content":"# Swann in Love (film)\nOdette does come to contemplate and then suggest marriage to Swann, not so much to \\\"save\\\" her from present life as to insure her future. The Duchess de Guermantes and her husband warn Swann that he and Odette can never be received in upper-class society again if he goes through with the marriage, but as the scene returns to the present, now a mechanized and modernized scene unlike the dreamlike milieu of the past. We see Swann again as an older man and Odette as his wife. Swann\\'s passion has cooled, but he does not seem to reject his choices, even as he faces death soon.\nDirector Volker Schl\u00f6ndorff commented later about Proust\\'s *Swann in Love* as follows: \\\"I must have been sixteen or seventeen,\\... I devoured \\\"Un amour de Swann\\\" in one weekend, lying appropriately under the apple trees in the garden of my boarding school. \\... Proust revealed three worlds to me: the French language, the corresponding society and the unknown regions of love and jealousy. \\...\nAt the time, I, like Charles Swann, had only one desire: to become assimilated in France. \\...\nWhen I was offered \\\"Un amour de Swann\\\", I didn\\'t hesitate for a second. I accepted without reading the book again. \\... I saw images in my mind\\'s eye: a man wandering at night across the boulevards, from one bar to the next, in a feverish state of euphoria, searching for a woman who constantly eludes him. He knocks late at night on a window which is not hers. One afternoon, he subjects her to a long session of questioning, he tortures her with his jealousy and takes enjoyment in his own suffering.\nOdette and Paris: a woman, larger than life, and a city, the epitome of all cities, as well as the man who tries to possess them both - that for me is \\\"Un amour de Swann\\\".","parent_id":"e4272f31c00501df5caa","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e4272f31c00501df5caa:2","document_content":"# Swann in Love (film)\n- Jeremy Irons as Charles Swann\n- Ornella Muti as Odette de Crecy\n- Alain Delon as Palam\u00e8de de Guermantes, Baron de Charlus\n- Fanny Ardant as Duchesse de Guermantes\n- Marie-Christine Barrault as Madame Verdurin\n- Anne Bennent as Chlo\u00e9\n- Nathalie Juvet as Madame Cottard\n- Philippine Pascal as Madame Gallardon\n- Charlotte de Turckheim as Madame de Cambremer\n- Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Balmer as Dr.\u00a0Cottard\n- Jacques Boudet as Duke de Guermantes\n- Nicolas Baby as the young Jew\n- Charlotte Kerr as sous-ma\u00eetresse\n- Catherine Lachens as la tante\n- Jean-Pierre Coffe as Aim\u00e9\n- Jean-Louis Richard as Monsieur Verdurin\n- Bruno Thost as Saniette\n- Geoffroy Tory as Forcheville\n- Roland Topor as Biche\n- Vincent Martin as Remi\n- Arc Adrian as Swann\\'s Valet\n- Pierre Celeyron as Valet Pif\n- Romain Br\u00e9mond as Protocole Guermantes\n- V\u00e9ronique Dietschy as Madame Vinteuil\n- Ivry Gitlis violinist\n- Fran\u00e7ois Weigel pianist\n- Catherine Jacob\n\n### Critical reception\nRoger Ebert gave the film a positive review and wrote that \\\"Jeremy Irons is perfect as Charles Swann, pale, deep-eyed, feverish with passion.\\\" Other critics tended to praise the film\\'s period detail and other technical aspects, but complained that the film did not\\--and possibly could not\\--do justice to Proust\\'s literary work. Vincent Canby in the New York Times, for example, remarked that \\\"I suspect that itt make enough.\\\"\n\n### Awards\n- **Nominee** Best Costume Design - BAFTA (Yvonne Sassinot de Nesle)\n- **Nominee** Best Foreign Language Film - BAFTA (Volker Schl\u00f6ndorff, Magaret Menegoz)\n- **Winner** Best Production Design - Cesar Awards (Jacques Saulnier)\n- **Winner** Best Costume Design - Cesar Awards (Yvonne Sassinot de Nesle)","parent_id":"e4272f31c00501df5caa","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fa19fb0a1a81cebddc31:0","document_content":"# Night of the Lepus\n***Night of the Lepus*** (also known as ***Rabbits***) is a 1972 American science fiction horror film directed by William F. Claxton and produced by A. C. Lyles. Based upon Russell Braddon\\'s 1964 science fiction novel *The Year of the Angry Rabbit*, the plot concerns an infestation of mutated rabbits.\nThe film was the first science fiction work for producer Lyles and for director Claxton, both of whom came from Western film backgrounds. Character actors from Westerns the pair had worked on were brought in to star, including Stuart Whitman, Janet Leigh, Rory Calhoun and DeForest Kelley. Shot in Arizona, *Night* used domestic rabbits filmed against miniature models and actors dressed in rabbit costumes for the attack scenes.\nWidely panned by critics for its silly premise, poor direction, stilted acting and bad special effects, the film\\'s biggest failure is considered to be the inability to make the rabbits seem scary. *Night of the Lepus* has since gained cult status for its laughably poor quality.\nRancher Cole Hillman seeks the help of college president Elgin Clark to combat thousands of rabbits that have invaded the area after their natural predators, coyotes, were killed off. Elgin asks for the assistance of researchers Roy and Gerry Bennett because they respect Cole\\'s wish to avoid using cyanide to poison the rabbits. Roy proposes using hormones to disrupt the rabbits\\' breeding cycle and takes some rabbits for experimentation. One is injected with a new serum believed to cause birth defects. However, the Bennetts\\' daughter Amanda loves the injected rabbit, so she switches it with one from the control group. Amanda is then given the injected rabbit as a pet, but it soon escapes.\nWhile inspecting the rabbits\\' old burrowing areas, Cole and the Bennetts find a large, unusual animal track. Meanwhile, Cole\\'s son Jackie and Amanda go to a gold mine to visit Jackie\\'s friend Billy, but find him missing. Jackie finds more of the animal tracks in Billy\\'s shed, while Amanda goes into the mine and runs into an enormous rabbit with blood on its face. Screaming in terror, she runs from the mine.","parent_id":"fa19fb0a1a81cebddc31","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fa19fb0a1a81cebddc31:1","document_content":"# Night of the Lepus\nMutilated bodies begin to crop up around town, including those of Billy, a truck driver, and a family of four. Elgin, the Bennetts, Cole, and Cole\\'s two ranch hands Frank and Jud go to the mine to try to kill the rabbits with explosives. As Elgin and Frank set charges on top of the mine, Roy and Cole enter the shaft to get pictorial evidence. Outside, a rabbit surfaces and attacks Jud before Gerry can shoot it. Roy and Cole escape the rabbits in the mine and run outside as the explosives are detonated.\nThe explosives fail to kill the rabbits, and that night they attack Cole\\'s ranch, killing Jud while Cole, Frank, Jackie, and Cole\\'s housekeeper Dorothy escape into the storm shelter. The rabbits make their way to the general store, killing shopkeeper Mildred and eating and killing everyone else they find in the small town of Galanos before taking refuge in the buildings for the day. In the morning, Gerry and Amanda leave to avoid the coming press, but get stuck along a sandy stretch of road. Roy and Elgin update Sheriff Cody on the situation and, after realizing the rabbits have escaped the mine, call in the National Guard. As night falls, the rabbits leave Galanos to continue their rampage, making their way to the main town of Ajo and eating and killing everyone in their path. Cole proposes using a half-mile wide stretch of electrified railroad track as a fence to contain and kill the rabbits. They recruit a large group of people at a drive-in theater to help herd the rabbits with their car lights, with assistance from the machine gun fire of the National Guard.\nThousands of rabbits make their way into the trap, where they are shot and electrocuted. At the film\\'s ending, Cole tells Roy that normal rabbits, as well as coyotes, have returned to the ranch.\n- Stuart Whitman as Roy Bennett\n- Janet Leigh as Gerry Bennett\n- Rory Calhoun as Cole Hillman\n- DeForest Kelley as Elgin Clark\n- Paul Fix as Sheriff Cody\n- Melanie Fullerton as Amanda Bennett\n- Chris Morrell as Jackie Hillman\n- Chuck Hayward as Jud\n- Henry Wills as Frank\n- Francesca Jarvis as Mildred\n- William Elliott as Dr.\u00a0Leopold\n- Robert Hardy as Professor Dirkson\n- Richard Jacome as Deputy Jason\n- Evans Thornton as Major White\n- Robert Gooden as Leslie\n- Don Starr as Cutler\n- David McCallum as Police Officer","parent_id":"fa19fb0a1a81cebddc31","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fa19fb0a1a81cebddc31:2","document_content":"# Night of the Lepus\nIsaac Stanford Jolley makes an appearance as a dispatcher, while Jerry Dunphy has a cameo as a television newscaster. DeForest Kelley and Paul Fix had both played the same role of Chief Medical Officer (although different characters) of the USS *Enterprise* on *Star Trek*.\n\n### Development\nThe script for *Night of the Lepus* was based upon Australian author Russell Braddon\\'s science fiction novel *The Year of the Angry Rabbit* (1964).\nA. C. Lyles, known primarily for producing western films, would make *Night of the Lepus* his first and only science fiction production. To craft the film, he pulled together people he had worked with on other Westerns. Gene R. Kearney and Don Holliday were tasked with converting the novel to a screenplay. In doing so, they removed many aspects of the novel (the plot of which focused on Australia dominating the world with a superweapon inadvertently created through the rabbits), and moved its setting from Australia to Arizona.\n\n### Filming\nPrincipal photography took place at the Old Tucson Studios in Tucson, Arizona, a site well known for its use in Western pictures. Filming commenced at the end of January 1972 and concluded in early March.\nAccording to Turner Classic Movies\\' David Kalat, director Claxton also came from a Western film background. In directing *Night of the Lepus*, he applied the same techniques used in his other films and declined the use of \\\"standard\\\" horror effects that would have enhanced the atmosphere, such as \\\"canted camera angles, dark shadows, and eerie music.\\\"\nRory Calhoun was cast as rancher Cole Hilman, whose ranch would be the start of the rabbit explosion. Well known for his western work, *Lepus* put him in unfamiliar territory as it was his first science fiction role, however, he found familiarity in the Western film trappings and his role as a rancher.","parent_id":"fa19fb0a1a81cebddc31","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fa19fb0a1a81cebddc31:3","document_content":"# Night of the Lepus\n### Filming\nJanet Leigh, who played Gerry Bennett, accepted the role because filming was close to home, allowing her to travel on weekends and allowing her family to visit her on set. Though she felt the script \\\"read well\\\", she declined to allow her two children play minor roles as she did not want them to see or be part of any type of horror film. She would later state the film lacked an \\\"ideal director\\\" to bring the script to life, and the film failed, in part, because it was impossible to make a \\\"bunny rabbit menacing\\\".\nShe later reflected \\\"No one put a gun to my head and said I had to do it. What no one realized was that, no matter what you do, a bunny rabbit is a bunny rabbit laughs. A rat, that can be menacing--- so can a frog. Spiders or scorpions or alligators, they could all work in that situation, and they have. But a bunny rabbit?! How can you make a bunny rabbit menacing?\\\"\nFellow *The Rifleman* actor Paul Fix was given the role of the sheriff of the town under siege, while DeForest Kelley, who frequently guest starred in Westerns, was cast as Elgin Clark, the college president who asked researchers to try to stop the rabbits.\nThe domesticated rabbits used differed greatly in appearance from the wild rabbits that were plaguing the southwest at the time. In *Night*, this was explained by stating that they were descended from recent rabbit farm escapees. To depict the rabbit attacks, a combination of techniques were used. For some scenes, the rabbits were filmed in close-up stomping on miniature structures in slow motion. For attack scenes, they had ketchup smeared on their faces. For others, human actors were shown wearing rabbit costumes.\n*Night of the Lepus* was theatrically released on July 26, 1972.\nOriginally titled *Rabbits*, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer changed the title and avoided including any rabbits in most promotional materials to try to keep the featured mutant creatures a secret. However, the studio itself broke the secret by issuing rabbit\\'s foot-themed promotional materials prior to release.","parent_id":"fa19fb0a1a81cebddc31","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fa19fb0a1a81cebddc31:4","document_content":"# Night of the Lepus\n### Contemporary\nIn a July 1972 issue of *The New York Times*, Vincent Canby wrote it was not an \\\"especially memorable movie\\\", that it was typical for the genre of science fiction horror, and that it failed because the rabbits, despite attempts to make them \\\"appear huge and scary, still look like Easter bunnies\\\". In an October 1972 issue, fellow critic Roger Greenspun panned it for not \\\"even reasonably trying\\\" to make the rabbits scary, its reliance on \\\"tired clich\u00e9s of monsterdom\\\", \\\"technical laziness\\\" in its special effects, \\\"stupid story\\\", and \\\"dumb direction that leaves the film in limbo\\\" between a horror film and a fairy tale. In the *Monthly Film Bulletin*, Tom Milne felt *Night of the Lepus* had a promising beginning before moving into a \\\"well-worn horror groove\\\", such as the effort to trap Gerry and Amanda alone in a deserted area for a last-minute rescue. Noting that the film had \\\"a certain overall charm and several striking sequences\\\", he felt the film would have been more successful if it \\\"had the courage of its convictions -- and its realism\\\". As an example, he points to the scene following the attack on the Calhoun ranch, in which Cole is walking into town, and tourists refuse to stop and pick him up because he has a gun. The tourists then go to the small town where the rabbits have killed Mildred and are hiding in the general store building. Rather than becoming the next victims, the family call it a ghost town and leave. In the 1977 piece *Dark Dreams 2.0: A Psychological History of the Modern Horror Film*, Charles Derry compared it to the earlier successful works *The Birds* and *Willard*, particularly the former, noting that both featured a \\\"loveable creature\\\". Though he felt the special effects were poor, he felt *Night of the Lepus* successfully tied into ongoing fears of throwing ecology out of balance, with the rabbits serving as an appropriate metaphor for human fears about overpopulation.","parent_id":"fa19fb0a1a81cebddc31","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fa19fb0a1a81cebddc31:5","document_content":"# Night of the Lepus\n### Retrospective\nAllMovie\\'s Jeremy Wheeler felt the film was \\\"all good, unintentionally campy fun\\\" and \\\"silly to its core\\\". Noting that the special effects were \\\"obvious\\\", he criticized the \\\"truly heinous dialogue\\\" and remarked that Leigh \\\"slums it\\\" by appearing in the film. In *Stories Rabbits Tell: A Natural and Cultural History of a Misunderstood Creature*, Susan E. Davis and Margo DeMello considered the film an \\\"entertaining romp\\\", praising the \\\"alarmingly realistic\\\" circumstances behind the rabbit mutations, while criticizing the \\\"notoriously badly done\\\" special effects and the rabbits being made to \\\"roar\\\" during their attacks. Calling it \\\"one of the worse career moves\\\" for Kelley and Leigh, they criticized the ending in which all the rabbits were killed, calling them \\\"unwitting victims\\...of human attempts to control nature\\\". In his book *Videohound\\'s Horror Show: 999 Hair-Raising, Hellish, and Humorous Movies*, critic Mike Mayo panned the film, calling the script \\\"lame\\\", the scenes of the rabbits \\\"hopping around H0 scale sets in slow motion\\\" humorous, and the rabbits just not scary. He also criticized the principal performers, stating that the film featured a \\\"group of so-so character actors\\\", except Leigh who he considered a \\\"star\\\", and that all gave \\\"wooden performances\\\".","parent_id":"fa19fb0a1a81cebddc31","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fa19fb0a1a81cebddc31:6","document_content":"# Night of the Lepus\n### Retrospective\nJohn J. Puccio of DVDTown.com felt *Lepus* would have been better had it been an intentionally humorous horror spoof, rather than a legitimate attempt at making a horror film with killer rabbits. Stating that it was in the \\\"so-bad-it\\'s-good\\\" category for only two minutes, he found the actors to be \\\"stiff and uninvolved\\\" in delivering their lines, and that it seemed more like an \\\"old television horse opera\\\" than a horror film with more slow-paced filler than action sequences, and the few bits of action ruined by the \\\"corniest possible \\'action\\' music\\\". AMC Film Critic\\'s Christopher Null states that it is famous as \\\"one of the worst films ever made\\\". He heavily criticizes Claxton, feeling that he \\\"just seems wholly incapable of making the movie remotely frightening, or even of making much sense\\\" and that the bad special effects \\\"make the entire film a huge joke\\\". Reviewing the title for Classic-Horror.com, Julia Merriam gave *Night of the Lepus* credit for attempting to be a \\\"socially-conscious eco-horror\\\", but criticized the slow pacing, bad dialog, poor editing with a heavy reliance on stock footage that did not appear to be from the same film, and senseless character actions such as entering a rabbit-filled cave just to photograph them. She also criticized the film\\'s obvious use of people in rabbit suits, but concluded its biggest flaw was that \\\"fluffy bunnies just aren\\'t scary\\\".","parent_id":"fa19fb0a1a81cebddc31","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fa19fb0a1a81cebddc31:7","document_content":"# Night of the Lepus\n### Retrospective\nIn *Horror Films of the 1970s*, John Kenneth Muir felt it one of the \\\"most ridiculous horror films ever conceived\\\", with a poor blend of horror and environmentalism that resulted in it being more of a comedy. He criticized the \\\"primitive special effects\\\", badly done editing and laughable dialogue, and noted that while the rabbits and actors are rarely seen on screen together, the filmmakers used obviously fake rabbit paws and people in rabbit suits for the few scenes calling for human\/rabbit interactions. Like most critics, he pointed out that the rabbits were \\\"cute bunnies\\\" rather than \\\"fanged, disease-ridden mutated creatures\\\", but he felt the actors did the best they could with the material, and praised them for \\\"keeping straight faces as they heroically stand against the onslaught of the bunnies\\\".\nThe film did not see a home video release until October 4, 2005 when Warner Home Video brought it out on DVD, with the only special features being the film\\'s trailer and different language and subtitle options. After this went out of print, it was rereleased on DVD-R by the Warner Archive Collection on November 10, 2011.\nScream Factory later released a Blu-ray on June 19, 2018.\nA VOD featuring comedic commentary by Michael J. Nelson, Bill Corbett and Kevin Murphy of RiffTrax (an offshoot of *Mystery Science Theater 3000*) was released on February 7, 2014.\n- List of natural horror films\n- List of American films of 1972\n- *Squirm*\n- *Frogs*\n- *Attack of the Killer Tomatoes*\n- *Kingdom of the Spiders*","parent_id":"fa19fb0a1a81cebddc31","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"3140bd12744ad4e2c946:0","document_content":"# Gong Tau: An Oriental Black Magic\n***Gong Tau: An Oriental Black Magic**\\'\\' (Cantonese: \u964d\u982d***Gong Tau**\\'\\') is a 2007 Hong Kong horror film directed by Herman Yau.\nCID detective Rockman was sent to Thailand to investigate a case involving the Hong Kong and Thai underground syndicate. During his visit, he meets a sexy table dancer called Elli, and they had a brief but hot, steamy affair. Unexpectedly, Rockman is ordered to return to Hong Kong. Before leaving, he promised Elli he would return, but he never does. Heart broken, Elli felt she was deceived. Rockman never expect his affair would bring the worst luck for him and his family.\nThree years later, in Hong Kong, when Rockman was busily investigating a murder case one stormy night, a senior policeman was murdered by a most wanted fugitive Lam Chiu. On the other hand, Rockman\\'s wife broke down after their son died mysteriously. All the major newspapers headlined the two cases, saying the murder and the baby\\'s death were related. Frustrated, Rockman worked closely with Brother Sum well seasoned detective\\...","parent_id":"3140bd12744ad4e2c946","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"57b84c44f83ec14685e3:0","document_content":"# The Floating Lives\n***The Floating Lives*** (, ) is a 2010 Vietnamese film based on a short story of the same name by Nguyen Ngoc Tu. It generated revenues of 17 billion VND in 2010 (around US\\$0.8 million).\n\\\"The Endless Field\\\" was written in 2006 by Nguyen Ngoc Tu and became a controversial short story at once. BHD (H\u00e3ng phim Vi\u1ec7t) bought its copyright at a reasonable price. \\\"The Endless Field\\\" was made into the Vietnamese feature film *Floating Lives* in 2010.\nThe English translation appears in a collection of NNT short stories titled *Floating Lives*. The translator is Luu ThanhThuy and the publisher is ASEAN (2013).\n*The Floating Lives* is an co-operational movie of BHD, Vietnam Studio and Mega Media.\n- Director: Nguyen Phan Quang Binh\n- Producer: Jonathan Foo, Ngo Thi Bich Hanh, Ngo Thi Bich Hien.\n- Script writer: Nguyen Ho\n- Director of photography: Nguyen Tranh\n- Editor: Nguy Ngu\n- Cast:\n  - Dustin Nguyen\\-\\-- Ut Vo (in the original novel is Ut Vu)\n  - Do Thi Hai Yen\\-\\-- Suong.\n  - Ninh Duong Lan Ngoc\\-\\-- Nuong (Ut Vo\\'s daughter)\n  - Vo Thanh Hoa\\-\\--Dien (Ut Vo\\'s son)\n  - Tang Thanh Ha\\-\\-- Ut Vo\\'s wife.","parent_id":"57b84c44f83ec14685e3","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"17d8dd59246d10ab5969:0","document_content":"# Casta Diva (1935 film)\n***Casta Diva*** is a 1935 Italian musical drama film directed by Carmine Gallone and starring M\u00e1rtha Eggerth, Lamberto Picasso and Gualtiero Tumiati. The film won Best Italian Film at the 1935 Venice International Film Festival. An English-language version *The Divine Spark* was made at the same time, also directed by Gallone and starring Eggerth. Gallone remade the film in 1954 in Technicolor.\nThe film\\'s sets were designed by the art directors Werner Schlichting and Enrico Verdozzi. Location shooting took place around Catania in Sicily.\nIn Bellini\\'s opera, *Norma*, the soprano\\'s plea to the moon goddess in Act I begins *Casta diva*, and the aria is well known by that name.\nThe film concerns Italian composer Vincenzo Bellini and his problems with his opera *Norma* (1831), which itself tells the passionate love story of a Gallican priestess of the local Celtic religion and a Roman proconsul (governor of a province). The film is unique because it uses abstract paintings-in-motion to express the passion between the two main characters.\n- M\u00e1rtha Eggerth as Maddelena Fumarol\n- Sandro Palmieri as Vincenzo Bellini\n- Gualtiero Tumiati as Niccol\u00f2 Paganini\n- Lamberto Picasso as Fumaroli\n- Achille Majeroni as Gioacchino Rossini\n- Lina Marengo as a guest\n- Giulio Donadio as Felice Romani\n- Ennio Cerlesi as Ernesto Tosi\n- Vasco Creti as Rettore del Conservatorio\n- Bruna Dragoni as Giuditta Pasta\n- Maurizio D\\'Ancora as Saverio Mercadante\n- Cesare Bettarini as Francesco Fiorino\n- Alfredo Robert as Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies\n- Gino Viotti as Maestro Zingarelli","parent_id":"17d8dd59246d10ab5969","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"10edb9bda6b4d3d6b000:0","document_content":"# The Guillotines\n***The Guillotines**\\'\\' is a 2012 Chinese-Hong Kong wuxia film directed by Andrew Lau, starring Huang Xiaoming, Ethan Juan, Shawn Yue, Li Yuchun and Jing Boran. It is a remake of the 1975 Shaw Brothers film***Flying Guillotine**\\'\\'.\nDuring the Manchu-ruled Qing Dynasty, the Yongzheng Emperor established a secret assassination squad known as the \\'Guillotines\\' to eliminate all who posed a threat to him. Once heavily favored by the emperor, the Guillotines are deemed expendable once the Qianlong Emperor ascends to the throne and adopts Western ideas and technology. To consolidate his power under a new regime, the Qianlong Emperor continues to use the Guillotines to persecute the conquered Han Chinese in a reign of terror and oppression. The current guillotine squad is led by master fighter Leng and it consists of six young warriors: Musen, Houjia Shisan, Chen Tai, Hutu, Su and Buka. Serving the Qing court unquestioningly, they have never failed in 348 missions to eliminate their targets. However, their most recent mission would make it their last.\nThe Hans have been oppressed by their Manchurian-ruled government, causing social unrest and internal conflicts. Tian-Lang (Wolf), is the charismatic prophetic Han rebel leader of a group known as the Herders. Wolf was captured alive by Leng and Wolf tells him that Leng is destined to kill him, but not at this place and time. Wolf was scheduled for execution the following day, however, Wolf\\'s gang ambushes the execution parade and fends off both the Guillotines and the Green Army; it allowed Wolf to escape, but Bai-Lan (Herders member) was captured. In the chaos of fighting, Wolf takes Musen (the only female member of the Guillotines) hostage in hopes to exchange back Bai-Lan. However, the Guillotines were dispatched to recover both Musen and finish off Wolf.","parent_id":"10edb9bda6b4d3d6b000","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"10edb9bda6b4d3d6b000:1","document_content":"# The Guillotines\nWith reports that Wolf has fled to the outer frontiers, the squad tracks the Herders to a remote village outpost, heavily occupied by Han and smallpox-diseased inhabitants. Added to the mission, the Qianlong Emperor (who favors advanced weaponry over antiquated assassins) has sent his most trusted agent, Haidu (secret sworn brother to Leng and right-hand man to the emperor) for the same mission. Unknown to the Guillotines, the emperor wants to absolve his legacy and the Guillotines is a living taint to his rule; they must be erased. Although Leng knew of the emperor\\'s intentions and also wanted to help end the Guillotines, the group has become a family to him and he couldn\\'t eliminate them. Therefore, Haidu was also sent there to finish a job Leng didn\\'t have the heart to do; the definitive moment would help during their exchange.\nAt the exchange site, the Han and the Herders appeared in a display of unity and force, there to complete the exchange of prisoners when Haidu dispatched his rifle attack squadron on both the Guillotines and the Herders; Bai-Lan was killed in the attack. Shocked at the attack on his own teammates, Leng resisted Haidu in open defiance to the emperor\\'s will, making him an enemy target as well; both the Guillotines and Herders survived the attack and escaped to safety. Confused as to what has happened, it was then Leng revealed his real identity to the Guillotines. The team was furious and wanted to know is Leng here to finish them off, however, he told his team to scatter and survive. Unfortunately, the Guillotines wouldn\\'t live long.","parent_id":"10edb9bda6b4d3d6b000","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"10edb9bda6b4d3d6b000:2","document_content":"# The Guillotines\nThe government had officially decreed the Guillotines as wanted criminals in league with the Herders. Publicly forsaken by their own emperor and given a huge bounty upon their heads, the Guillotines were cruelly killed off one by one. Saddened and enraged, Leng confronted Haidu and called Haidu a \\\"lap dog,\\\" infuriating him to shove Leng down a cliff; Leng survived and was nursed back to health by Wolf in a peaceful secluded village. Confused as to why he was saved, Wolf did it out of mercy; to Leng\\'s surprise, he found Musen as part of the village. Musen no longer wanted to be a Guillotine (after learning the cruelty the Guillotines had caused to Wolf\\'s family) and only lived there as a villager. After talking with Wolf, Leng finally admits he\\'s secretly Han Chinese. Leng tells Wolf that it was the former emperor that chose him to be the right-hand man for Qianlong and his Han identity was replaced with a Manchurian one. Although Leng is now on Wolf\\'s side, Wolf prophesied that Leng will kill him very soon.\nThe final battle is near ready. It was anticipated that Haidu would find them with a large attack force to destroy them and the village was evacuated ahead of time; only volunteers chose to remain to defend the village. Unfortunately, the attack force used mainly guns and cannons; the village defenses were useless against the might of ballistics. Musen volunteered to defend the escaping villagers, unfortunately, she was gunned down before she could even use her weapon to stop anyone. Leng sadly found Musen dying and mourned for her passing. Haidu had completely decimated the Han village and finds Leng on a mountain edge with Wolf. Believing his time had come, Wolf asked Leng to relay a message of peace to the emperor and welcomed Leng to end his life. With the death of Wolf by Leng\\'s hands, Haidu could now return Leng to the palace with honor.","parent_id":"10edb9bda6b4d3d6b000","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"10edb9bda6b4d3d6b000:3","document_content":"# The Guillotines\nBack at the palace, Wolf\\'s head was displayed as proof of the rebellion\\'s defeat; both Leng and Haidu received praises from their emperor, believing his golden age shall come. However, Leng uncharacteristically spoke up and told his lord that the reason there is rebellion is because there\\'s neither prosperity nor happiness with the public; the emperor\\'s vision of a golden age would be hindered. Heeding the emperor, Leng told his lord must make peace and relieve the suffering of the people to sustain his vision. When asked would Leng be there when it arrives, Leng pointed out the emperor wishes to erase the shameful past legacies and that would mean his life as well, since he\\'s the last Guillotine. Despite his earlier actions, Haidu immediately tried to stop Leng from choosing death, but Leng remains insistent. With a sad reluctance, the emperor had Leng executed; the epilogue reveals that Qianlong was one of the longest running rulers and held peace between the Manchurian and Han, but there was no historic mention of the Guillotines during his reign.\n- Huang Xiaoming as Tianlang (Wolf)\n- Ethan Juan as Leng\n- Shawn Yue as Haidu\n- Li Yuchun as Musen\n- Jing Boran as Houjia Shisan\n- Wen Zhang as Qianlong Emperor\n- Purba Rygal as Chen Tai\n- Andrew Lau as Yongzheng Emperor\n- Jimmy Wang as Gong E\n- Li Meng as Bai Lan\n- Gao Tian as Hutu\n- Zhou Yiwei as Buka\n- Stephy Tang as Bai Lan\n- Guan Xiaotong","parent_id":"10edb9bda6b4d3d6b000","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"510eae9c4330373f2c6f:0","document_content":"# Legendary Amazons\n***Legendary Amazons*** is a 2011 Chinese film based on the stories of the Yang Clan Generals. The film was directed by Frankie Chan and starred Richie Jen, Cecilia Cheung, Cheng Pei-pei, Liu Xiaoqing and Kathy Chow. The film is based on the same source material as the 1972 Hong Kong film *The 14 Amazons*.\nThe film is set in early 11th century China during the reign of Emperor Renzong of the Song dynasty. The emperor neglects state affairs and indulges in personal pleasures, while the government sinks into corruption and war continues to rage on at the borders of the Song dynasty. The Song dynasty is being invaded by the armies of the rival state of Western Xia.\nYang Zongbao is the last man standing in the Yang clan, a family of generals who have dedicated their lives to defending the Song dynasty from foreign invaders. He apparently dies in battle tragically when the treacherous Imperial Grand Tutor (minister) Pang refuses to send reinforcements to aid him. Yang Zongbao\\'s widowed wife, Mu Guiying, leads the other widows of the Yang clan into battle to continue the legacy of their husbands.\n- Richie Jen as Yang Zongbao\n- Cecilia Cheung as Mu Guiying\n- Cheng Pei-pei as She Saihua\n- Liu Xiaoqing as Chai Qingyun\n- Ge Chunyan as Zhou Yunjing\n- Oshima Yukari as Zou Lanxiu\n- Li Jing as Geng Jinhua\n- Jin Qiaoqiao as Dong Yue\\'e\n- Yang Zitong as Meng Jinbang\n- Kathy Chow as Ma Saiying\n- Yu Na as Huyan Chijin\n- Chen Zihan as Yang Yanqi\n- Liu Dong as Yang Yanying\n- Xiao Mingyu as Yang Wenguang\n- Zhou Xiaofei as Yang Paifeng\n- Wang Ti as Yang Jinhua\n- Zhao Qianyu as Little Bean\n- Tang Yaolin as Little Sparrow\n- Shi Fanxi as Yin Qi\n- Wu Ma as Pang Ji\n- Lin Wei as Wang Qiang\n- Zhong Chao as Liu Fu\n- Li Boyu as Jiao Tinggui\n- Luo Yingyuan as Meng Huaiyuan\n- Han Yu as Meng Liang\n- Hu Biao as Jiao Zan\n- Ren Xuehai as Fan Zhongyan\n- Xiao Rongsheng as Yang Yanzhao\n- Xu Xiao as Di Qing\n- Feng Ke\\'an as Little Bean\\'s grandfather\n- Jackie Chan filmography","parent_id":"510eae9c4330373f2c6f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691:0","document_content":"# Nymphomaniac (film)\n***Nymphomaniac*** (stylised as ***NYMPH()MANIAC*** onscreen and in advertising) is a 2013 European two-part erotic art film written and directed by Lars von Trier. The film stars Charlotte Gainsbourg, Stellan Skarsg\u00e5rd, Stacy Martin, Shia LaBeouf, Christian Slater, Jamie Bell, Uma Thurman, Jean-Marc Barr, Willem Dafoe and Connie Nielsen. The plot follows Joe (played by Gainsbourg and Martin), a self-diagnosed nymphomaniac, who recounts her erotic experiences to a bachelor who helps her recover from an assault. The narrative chronicles Joe\\'s promiscuous life from adolescence to adulthood and is split into eight chapters told across two volumes. The film was originally supposed to be only one complete entry, but, because of its length, von Trier made the decision to split the project into two separate films. *Nymphomaniac* was an international co-production of Denmark, Belgium, France, and Germany.\nThe world premiere of the uncut *Volume I* occurred on 16 February 2014 at the 64th Berlin International Film Festival, while the uncut *Volume II* premiered at the 71st Venice International Film Festival. The world premiere of the Director\\'s Cut took place in Copenhagen on 10 September 2014. It was nominated for the 2014 Nordic Council Film Prize.\n*Nymphomaniac* is the third and final installment in von Trier\\'s unofficially titled *Depression Trilogy*, following *Antichrist* and *Melancholia*.\n`Narrative\u00a0acts`\n`\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0`**`Volume I`**\n`1.\u00a0The\u00a0Compleat\u00a0Angler`\n`2.\u00a0Jer\u00f4me`\n`3.\u00a0Mrs.\u00a0H`\n`4.\u00a0Delirium`\n`5.\u00a0The\u00a0Little\u00a0Organ\u00a0School`\n`\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0`**`Volume II`**\n`6.\u00a0The\u00a0Eastern\u00a0and\u00a0the\u00a0Western\u00a0Church\u00a0(The\u00a0Silent\u00a0Duck)`\n`7.\u00a0The\u00a0Mirror`\n`8.\u00a0The\u00a0Gun`","parent_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691:1","document_content":"# Nymphomaniac (film)\nOn a snowy evening, middle-aged bachelor Seligman (Stellan Skarsg\u00e5rd) finds self-diagnosed nymphomaniac Joe (Charlotte Gainsbourg) beaten up and lying in the alleyway behind his apartment. He takes her back to his home and, over tea, listens intently as Joe recounts the story of her libidinous life. Seligman, a highly educated but cloistered man, connects and analyzes Joe\\'s stories with what he has read about. Seligman\\'s favourite hobby to read about is fly fishing, which is why he has a fly fishing lure on his wall and this is how their conversation begins. Throughout the story he parallels much of what she has experienced with various methods of the sport.\n\n### Volume I\nInspired by a fly fishing lure on the wall behind her and Seligman\\'s love of Izaak Walton\\'s book *The Compleat Angler*, Joe opens her story by talking about her precocious sexual fascination during her early childhood. Her father (Christian Slater) is a tree-loving doctor whom she adores while her mother (Connie Nielsen) is, as Joe describes her, a \\\"cold bitch\\\". In adolescence, Joe (Stacy Martin) loses her virginity to an arbitrary young man named Jer\u00f4me (Shia LaBeouf). This first encounter, which ends with Jer\u00f4me casually leaving her to fix his moped, leaves her disappointed, while Seligman observes that the combination of the number of times Jer\u00f4me penetrated her, three times vaginally and five times anally, resembles the Fibonacci sequence.\nSeveral years later, Joe engages in a contest with her friend B (Sophie Kennedy Clark) during a train journey; whichever of the two women has sex with the most passengers by the train\\'s arrival at the station wins a bag of chocolate sweets. After having sex in the toilet with several of the men she comes across, Joe wins by performing a blowjob on a passenger in a first class car, S (Jens Albinus). S is a married man who resists both her and B\\'s advances, but ultimately Joe forces herself on him. Joe tells Seligman her encounter with S is the first of many terrible things she\\'s done, but he waves off her accusation.","parent_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691:2","document_content":"# Nymphomaniac (film)\n### Volume I\nOver rugelach and a discussion over the lack of masculinity in men using cake forks to eat pastry, Joe talks about her first experiences with actual love, something she dismisses as \\\"lust with jealousy added.\\\" Joe takes on more lovers as she, B, and several friends create a club, \\\"The Little Flock\\\", dedicated to liberating themselves from society\\'s fixation on love. Joe eventually leaves after all the other members end up developing serious attachments to their conquests. As a young adult, Joe drops out of medical school and finds work as a secretary at a printing company. Her first employer is none other than Jer\u00f4me. While sexual intentions are clearly on his mind, she finds herself avoiding his advances and sleeping with other co-workers, frustrating him. When Joe finally realizes she has developed feelings for Jer\u00f4me, she writes him a letter. However, she is too late as he has left with his uncle\\'s jealous secretary Liz (Felicity Gilbert), who was fully aware of Joe\\'s feelings. She is immediately fired by his uncle (Jesper Christensen), the actual owner of the company, for her lack of experience and goes back to indulging her nymphomania, despite a yearning for Jer\u00f4me.\nOn one occasion with one of her lovers, H (Hugo Speer), Joe inadvertently causes conflict that makes him leave his wife for her. The distressed Mrs.\u00a0H (Uma Thurman) arrives and demonizes both of them in front of her children, though Joe states in the present that this barely affected her. The situation then becomes more awkward as Joe\\'s next lover, A (Cyron Melville), arrives at the house and finds himself in the middle of Mrs.\u00a0H\\'s mental breakdown. The family finally leaves, but not before Mrs.\u00a0H verbally lacerates Joe, slaps her now ex-husband and leaves the apartment wailing.","parent_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691:3","document_content":"# Nymphomaniac (film)\n### Volume I\nA conversation about Edgar Allan Poe and his death from delirium tremens reminds Joe of the last time she saw her father. She is the only one to visit him in the hospital as he dies of cancer. Joe\\'s father asks her not to slander her mother, who is afraid of hospitals, for not being by his side, explaining they said their goodbyes. Joe is a firsthand witness as her father deteriorates from a unnamed illness, into fits of violent spasms, paranoid delusions and screams for his wife. To take her mind off her father\\'s suffering, the cause of which she remains naive to, Joe has sexual intercourse with several people at the hospital. When he finally dies, Joe becomes sexually aroused, with a drop of vaginal fluid running down her thigh as she stands in front of the body, and becomes numb with depression.\nAfter Seligman explains how he feels Bach perfected polyphony, Joe uses his example to talk about three lovers leading up to her \\\"cantus firmus.\\\" The \\\"bass voice\\\", F (Nicolas Bro) is a tender but predictable man who puts her sexual needs above his own. The \\\"second voice\\\", G (Christian Gade Bjerrum), thrills Joe because of his animalistic control of her in bed. During one of Joe\\'s regular walks in the local park, Jer\u00f4me finds her after separating from Liz, a coincidence Seligman finds preposterous, and they embrace. As the two engage in authentically passionate sex -- set alongside Joe\\'s experiences with F and G -- Joe becomes emotionally distraught when discovering she can no longer \\\"feel anything\\\".\n\n### Volume II\nJoe becomes annoyed with Seligman, accusing him of overlooking the severity of her lost sexuality to focus on the allegorical before realizing he can\\'t relate to her stories. He goes on to confirm his asexuality and virginity, but assures her his \\\"innocence\\\" and lack of bias makes him the best man to listen to her story. She becomes inspired to tell him another portion of her life after noticing a Rublev-styled icon of the Virgin Mary and a discussion about the differences between the Eastern Church (\\\"the church of happiness\\\") and the Western Church (\\\"the church of suffering\\\").","parent_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691:4","document_content":"# Nymphomaniac (film)\n### Volume II\nJoe reminisces about a field trip as a young girl that suggests she had a vision of Valeria Messalina and the Whore of Babylon looking over her as she levitates and spontaneously has her first orgasm, which shocks Seligman as he explains her orgasm is a mockery of the Transfiguration of Jesus on the Mount. Returning to where she left off in her story, Joe falls into a crisis upon losing her ability to achieve sexual pleasure, though she does find a different sort of pleasure in her time with Jer\u00f4me. When the two conceive a baby together, Marcel, Jer\u00f4me struggles to keep up with her sexual needs and allows her to see other men. This is shown to be detrimental later, as he becomes jealous of her endeavors.\nSeveral years later to no success, Joe\\'s sexual endeavors become increasingly adventurous by engaging in a tryst with a pair of African brothers that turns into a botched threesome; the frustration to reclaim her orgasm culminates in visits to K (Jamie Bell), a sadist who violently assaults women seeking his company. The more she visits him, the more neglectful she becomes in her domestic duties. At Christmas, after stopping an unattended Marcel who has wandered out an opened door onto a snowy balcony from coming into any harm, Jer\u00f4me forces her to choose between the family and K. She picks the latter and, after receiving an especially brutal beating from K with a cat o\\' nine tails that allows her to climax again, takes a path of loneliness away from her one and only possibility of a normal life. Marcel is sent to live in a foster home because Jer\u00f4me has no room in his life for him.\nTo keep the story from ending on an unhappy note, Joe concludes it with the first time K introduced her to \\\"the Silent Duck\\\", which leaves Seligman surprised and impressed at K\\'s talents.\nLooking at the mirror facing Seligman\\'s bed, Joe jumps ahead in time. Several years later, Joe has regained pleasure, but her genitalia are left with some irreversible damage due to a lifetime of sexual activity mixed with K\\'s brutality. Her habits are known around her new office, prompting the boss to demand she attend sex addiction therapy under the threat of losing her job and any future job she takes.","parent_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691:5","document_content":"# Nymphomaniac (film)\n### Volume II\nWhen asked why she refused to attend therapy, Joe talks about becoming pregnant after leaving Jer\u00f4me and Marcel and demanding her doctor abort the 11-week pregnancy, but he insists she speak to a counselor first. The visit to the psychologist (Caroline Goodall) ends disastrously due to Joe\\'s attitude towards the situation. She decides to take matters into her own hands and perform the abortion herself. Using the knowledge she had retained from medical school, Joe aborts the fetus with the use of several household implements and a wire hanger. Back in the present, Joe and Seligman get into a very heated argument regarding Joe\\'s actions, abortion rights in general and Seligman\\'s potential hypocrisy in supporting them while wanting to know nothing about how the actual procedure is performed.\nJoe reluctantly attends the meetings and, after ridding her apartment of almost everything in it, attempts sobriety. During one meeting three weeks later, she sees a reflection of her younger self in the mirror, harshly insults every member of the group, including the therapist, and proclaims pride in her nymphomania before walking out.\nJoe tells Seligman she isn\\'t sure where to conclude her story as she\\'s used every item from around his room to help inspire each \\\"chapter\\\". After a suggestion from him, she notices how the stain from a cup of tea she had earlier thrown in anger looks like a Walther PPK, the same kind of gun her favorite literary character James Bond uses, and knows exactly how and where to end things.\nRealizing she has no place in \\\"normal\\\" society, Joe turns to organized crime and becomes a debt collector, utilizing her extensive knowledge of men, sex, and sadomasochism. She reminisces about a memorable housecall to a man (Jean-Marc Barr) who she initially finds sexually unreadable. She ties him to a chair, strips him and attempts to provoke him with every sexual scenario she can think of. Upon further interrogation, Joe gleans that he is a repressed pedophile. She takes pity on him and fellates him. Joe explains to Seligman how she feels deep compassion for people born with a forbidden sexuality. She strongly identifies with the man\\'s loneliness and status as a sexual outcast, and laud him for going through life without acting on his aberrant desires.","parent_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691:6","document_content":"# Nymphomaniac (film)\n### Volume II\nJoe\\'s superior, L (Willem Dafoe), recommends that she groom an apprentice and suggests P (Mia Goth), the 15-year-old daughter of criminals. Joe is initially repulsed by the idea, but ends up sympathizing with the girl in question. P is a vulnerable, lonely, emotionally damaged young girl who quickly latches herself onto Joe. The two of them click and form a special connection. Joe opens her heart to P and eventually invites her to move into her home. Over time, Joe and P\\'s relationship develops a sexual dimension, leading to romance. As P seems to mature, Joe hesitantly decides to teach her young female lover the ropes of her trade.\nDuring one round of debt collection, Joe notices that they are at a house belonging to Jer\u00f4me (now played by Micha\u00ebl Pas) and, to make sure she is not seen, tells P to perform her first solo job. This proves to be a mistake as Joe eventually discovers P is having an affair with Jer\u00f4me. After finding her \\\"soul tree\\\" in a failed attempt to leave town, Joe waits for Jer\u00f4me and P in the alley between his home and her apartment and pulls a gun she confiscated from P earlier on him. When she pulls the trigger, she forgets to rack the pistol. Jer\u00f4me viciously beats Joe and then has sex with P right in front of her, thrusting into P in exactly the same way he once took her virginity. P urinates on her before leaving her as she was at the beginning of the film.\nIn the present, Seligman suggests how the circumstances of Joe\\'s life might have been due to differences in gender representation; all of the stigma, guilt and shame she felt for her actions made her fight back aggressively \\\"like a man\\\", ultimately \\\"forgetting\\\" to rack the gun because her human worth wouldn\\'t allow her to kill someone, even Jer\u00f4me. Joe, who has until this moment been playing devil\\'s advocate to Seligman\\'s assumptions, finally feels at peace, having unburdened her story to someone with she truly considers a friend. She says she is too tired to go on and asks to go to sleep.","parent_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691:7","document_content":"# Nymphomaniac (film)\n### Volume II\nAs Joe begins to drift off, Seligman silently returns with his pants off and attempts to have intercourse with her. Joe wakes up and, realizing what Seligman is doing, reaches for and racks the gun. Seligman protests and attempts to justify his behavior, but Joe shoots him, grabs her things, and flees the apartment.\n**Main cast**\n- Charlotte Gainsbourg as Joe (ages 35--50)\n  - Stacy Martin as young Joe (ages 15--31)\n- Stellan Skarsg\u00e5rd as Seligman\n- Shia LaBeouf as Jer\u00f4me Morris\n- Christian Slater as Joe\\'s father\n- Jamie Bell as K\n- Uma Thurman as Mrs.\u00a0H\n- Willem Dafoe as L\n- Mia Goth as P\n- Sophie Kennedy Clark as B\n- Connie Nielsen as Katherine (Joe\\'s mother)\n- Micha\u00ebl Pas as Older Jer\u00f4me\n- Jean-Marc Barr as the Debtor Gentleman\n- Udo Kier as The Waiter\n**Vol. I cast**\n- Maja Arsovic as Joe (7 years)\n- Sofie Kasten as B (10 years)\n- Ananya Berg as Joe (10 years)\n- James Northcote as Young Lad 1 on Train\n- Charlie G. Hawkins as Young Lad 2 on Train\n- Jens Albinus as S\n- Felicity Gilbert as Liz (Secretary)\n- Jesper Christensen as Jer\u00f4me\\'s Uncle\n- Hugo Speer as Mr.\u00a0H\n- Cyron Melville as Andy (A)\n- Saskia Reeves as Nurse\n- Nicolas Bro as F\n- Christian Gade Bjerrum as G\n**Vol. II cast**\n- Shanti Roney as Tobias (Interpreter)\n- Laura Christensen as Babysitter\n- Caroline Goodall as Psychologist\n- Kate Ashfield as Therapist\n- Tania Carlin as Ren\u00e9e\n- Daniela Lebang as Brunelda\n- Omar Shargawi as Thug 1\n- Marcus Jakovljevic as Thug 2\n- Severin von Hoensbroech as Debtor in greenhouse","parent_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691:8","document_content":"# Nymphomaniac (film)\n### Pre-production\nExecutive producer and Zentropa co-founder Peter Aalb\u00e6k Jensen revealed that the film is to be two parts. \\\"We are making two films. It is a big operation. I personally hope that we should be ready for Cannes next year. We will shoot both and edit both -- and we want to finish both at the same time.\\\" He explained there will be two versions of each film: an explicit cut and a softer cut.\nLaBeouf got his role in *Nymphomaniac* by sending a tape of himself having intercourse with his girlfriend Karolyn Pho to von Trier. Slater got connected to von Trier via his agent being in Denmark and used makeup under his eyes to make himself look old enough to be Joe\\'s father.\nLaBeouf said in August 2012, \\\"The movie is what you think it is. It is Lars von Trier, making a movie about what he\\'s making. For instance, there\\'s a disclaimer at the top of the script that basically says we\\'re doing it for real. Everything that is illegal, we\\'ll shoot in blurred images. Other than that, everything is happening. \\... Von Trier\\'s dangerous. He scares me. And I\\'m only going to work now when I\\'m terrified.\\\"\n\n### Filming\nPrincipal photography occurred between 28 August--9 November 2012 in Cologne and Hilden, Germany, and in Ghent, Belgium.\nTo produce scenes of simulated sex, von Trier used digital compositing to superimpose the genitals of pornographic film actors onto the bodies of the film\\'s actors. Producer Louise Vesth explained during the Cannes Film Festival:\nWe shot the actors pretending to have sex and then had the body doubles, who really did have sex, and in post we will digital impose the two. So above the waist it will be the star and the below the waist it will be the doubles.\nGainsbourg and Martin further revealed that prosthetic vaginas and closed sets were used during filming. Martin stated that her acting experience for the film was enjoyable and, after explaining that the film\\'s characters are a reflection of the director himself, referred to the process as an \\\"honour.\\\" Martin also stated that shooting the sex scenes was a bit boring due to their technical nature.","parent_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691:9","document_content":"# Nymphomaniac (film)\n### Filming\nThe film makes several references to the other films in the trilogy. For example, the scene showing Marcel approaching an open upper floor window references the similar sequence during the beginning of *Antichrist* and even uses the same background music from that aforementioned scene. Furthermore, Joe\\'s monologue about loneliness is edited to shots of the universe from *Melancholia*. As a reference to von Trier\\'s comments at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival, during a scene available in the director\\'s cut only, \\\"Joe says she could understand dictators such as Hitler. Seligman shakes his head in disbelief. After she showed sympathy for racists and pedophiles, it is quite obvious that she also has to sympathize with the biggest mass murderer in history.\\\" Joe has been referred to as a \\\"proto-fascist heroine.\\\"\n\n### Music\nA seven-track soundtrack was released digitally by Zentropa on 27 June 2014, containing a mix of classical and modern rock music, along with two sound clips from the prologue of the film.\nIn early 2013, the first teaser poster was released from the film\\'s official website. Shortly thereafter, Zentropa released a promotional photo shoot featuring the film\\'s main characters posing in suggestive positions and a list of the film\\'s chapters. This was followed by the release of a picture of Trier himself with duct tape covering his mouth, accompanied by a press release explaining the official launch of the film\\'s campaign.","parent_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691:10","document_content":"# Nymphomaniac (film)\n### Music\nAn incremental marketing campaign was used to promote the film, as brief video segments, each described as an \\\"appetizer\\\" by the film\\'s production company, were released online leading up to the film\\'s release date. Each appetizer represented each of the eight chapters of *Nymphomaniac* and the first one, entitled \\\"The Compleat Angler\\\", appeared on 28 June 2013, the last Friday of the month---this pattern would be followed for the monthly release of the subsequent clips. Following \\\"The Compleat Angler\\\", \\\"Jer\u00f4me\\\" featuring Martin and LaBeouf, was released in August; \\\"Mrs.\u00a0H\\\" in September; the predominantly black-and-white \\\"Delirium\\\" (containing a voice-over by Skarsg\u00e5rd) was released in October; in November, the appetizer for \\\"The Little Organ School\\\" was uploaded to YouTube, but was quickly removed due to its explicit content; \\\"The Eastern and the Western Church\\\" was released exclusively for Vimeo on 29 November; in December, the appetizer for \\\"The Mirror\\\" was released, again on Vimeo; and on 25 December, leading into the European release of the film, \\\"The Gun\\\" was released on the film\\'s official website.\nIn October 2013, a series of posters were released, each depicting the film\\'s characters during the moment of orgasm. Along with the appetizers and the character posters, five theatrical posters (three for the complete feature and one for each volume) and an international trailer featuring some of the explicit sexual scenes, were released.\nIn July 2014, Zentropa revealed the poster for the Director\\'s Cut when announcing its premiere at the Venice Film Festival. The poster combined the original teaser with Lars von Trier standing in between the two parentheses.","parent_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691:11","document_content":"# Nymphomaniac (film)\n### Rating\n*Nymphomaniac* initially received an NC-17 from the Motion Picture Association of America in early 2014. The film, however, surrendered the rating and was released without any MPAA rating.\nCast and crew of the film at the right\nVon Trier\\'s complete five-and-a-half-hour version was released in few territories and only long after the original premiere. Instead, a four-hour version was edited without the director\\'s involvement and has been used for the film\\'s international release, divided into two volumes -- *Volume I* and *Volume II* -- with ninety minutes removed.\nA \\\"secret\\\" advance screening of *Volume I* occurred at the Sundance Film Festival on 21 January 2014, at the Egyptian Theater with tickets distributed bearing the film title \\\"Film X\\\" amidst rumors the film could either be von Trier\\'s film, or Wes Anderson\\'s *The Grand Budapest Hotel*. The film\\'s UK premiere took place on 22 February 2014. In the United States, the film was also released in two parts, billed as *Nymphomaniac: Volume I* and *Nymphomaniac: Volume II*, but on separate dates: 21 March 2014 and 4 April 2014.\nIn Australia and New Zealand, the four-hour version of the film was distributed by the Transmission Films company. Released on 20 March 2014, the two volumes were shown back-to-back with an interval.","parent_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691:12","document_content":"# Nymphomaniac (film)\n### Rating\nIn February 2014, the uncut *Volume I* was screened at the Berlin Film Festival. In September 2014, the uncut version of *Volume I* and *Volume II* was screened at the Venice Film Festival. The complete Director\\'s Cut, including both volumes, was finally released to a general audience in Copenhagen, Denmark, premiering on 10 September 2014, where it was shown with a half-hour intermission at a red carpet gala screening with von Trier present in the audience; at this premiere, during the film\\'s restored abortion sequence, where Joe performs an abortion on herself, three male audience members fainted and had to be carried out of the cinema.\nOn Rotten Tomatoes, *Volume I* achieved a 76% approval rating and an average rating of 6.9\/10, based on 202 reviews; the website\\'s critical consensus states: \\\"Darkly funny, fearlessly bold, and thoroughly indulgent, *Nymphomaniac* finds Lars von Trier provoking viewers with customary abandon.\\\" *Volume II* received a 60% rating with an average of 6.4\/10, based on 126 reviews; the consensus states: \\\"It doesn\\'t quite live up to the promise of the first installment, but *Nymphomaniac: Volume II* still benefits from Lars von Trier\\'s singular craft and vision, as well as a bravura performance from Charlotte Gainsbourg.\\\" On Metacritic, the first volume holds a 64\/100 rating based on 41 critics, indicating \\\"generally favorable reviews\\\". The second volume gained a 60\/100 rating based on 34 critics, indicating \\\"mixed or average reviews\\\".\nIn the UK, Martin Solibakke of *Mancunion* praised Stacy Martin\\'s performance, saying he had \\\"never felt so sure about an actress\\'s future success since I saw Jennifer Lawrence in *Winter\\'s Bone* four years ago\\\". He ended his review with hailing the film, saying \\\"Lars von Trier ends up hitting the G-spot of avant-garde filmmaking with a movie only he could ever make, and gives the open-minded members of the audience one of the most powerful and sensational experiences ever seen in arts.\\\"","parent_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691:13","document_content":"# Nymphomaniac (film)\n### Rating\nMichelle Orange of *The Village Voice* called it a \\\"jigsaw opus, an extended and generally exquisitely crafted riff.\\\" In *The Australian*, David Stratton said that he \\\"detested\\\" some of Trier\\'s films, and states that *Nymphomaniac* \\\"seems designed to be his magnum opus, the film in which he gets to rail against everything he loathes about contemporary life and contemporary cinema.\\\" The modified version is screening in Australia, officially referred to as the \\\"international\\\" version. Stratton further stated on the television review program *At the Movies* that he found the four-hour runtime of the film to be \\\"daunting\\\", but praised some of the performances, particularly those of Stacy Martin and Jamie Bell. Stratton\\'s co-host Margaret Pomeranz meanwhile, while also praising the boldness of the performances, felt the film\\'s unsimulated depictions of sex didn\\'t add to the narrative and as such had, \\\"such an undercurrent of sadism that I was, not repelled, but distanced\\\". *Thought Catalog* remarked on how the plot failed to be consistent or plausible.\nKeith Uhlich of *The A.V. Club* named *Nymphomaniac* the third-best film of 2014.\nOn the Melbourne community radio station, 3RRR, film criticism program \\\"Plato\\'s Cave\\\" praised von Trier\\'s work on *Nymphomaniac* and presenters, Thomas Caldwell and Josh Nelson, defended the director against accusations of misogyny. Both presenters agreed that actresses who von Trier has worked with, such as Nicole Kidman and Bj\u00f6rk, have delivered excellent performances in his films, while Nelson referred to *Antichrist* and *Melancholia*, the first two installments of the *Depression Trilogy*, as \\\"masterpieces\\\". Caldwell concludes the review by stating, \\\"\\... if you\\'re coming new to him Von Trier, I think this is a real crash course in all his preoccupations.\\\"","parent_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691:14","document_content":"# Nymphomaniac (film)\n### Rating\nWhen the complete Director\\'s Cut had its general release world premiere in Copenhagen on 10 September 2014, major Danish critics gave it high ratings. In spite of this, the Director\\'s Cut sold only 3,494 tickets in Danish cinemas.\n\n### Accolades\n`Award\u00a0ceremony`\n`Category`\n`Nominee(s)`\n`Result`\n`67th\u00a0Bodil\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Danish\u00a0Film`\n`Lars\u00a0von\u00a0Trier`\n`Best\u00a0Actress`\n`Charlotte\u00a0Gainsbourg`\n`Best\u00a0Actress`\n`Stacy\u00a0Martin`\n`Best\u00a0Actor`\n`Stellan\u00a0Skarsg\u00e5rd`\n`Best\u00a0Supporting\u00a0Actress`\n`Uma\u00a0Thurman`\n`Best\u00a0Supporting\u00a0Actor`\n`Jamie\u00a0Bell`\n`27th\u00a0European\u00a0Film\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Film`\n`Lars\u00a0von\u00a0Trier`\n`Best\u00a0Actress`\n`Charlotte\u00a0Gainsbourg`\n`Best\u00a0Actor`\n`Stellan\u00a0Skarsg\u00e5rd`\n`Audience\u00a0Award\u00a0for\u00a0Best\u00a0Film`\n`Lars\u00a0von\u00a0Trier`\n`2015\u00a0Gopo\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0European\u00a0Film`\n`Lars\u00a0von\u00a0Trier`\n`2015\u00a0Jupiter\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0International\u00a0Actress`\n`Uma\u00a0Thurman`\n`2014\u00a0Nordic\u00a0Council`\n`Nordic\u00a0Council\u00a0Film\u00a0Prize`\n`Lars\u00a0von\u00a0Trier`\n`2015\u00a0Polish\u00a0Film\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0European\u00a0Film`\n`Lars\u00a0von\u00a0Trier`\n`32nd\u00a0Robert\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Danish\u00a0Film`\n`Lars\u00a0von\u00a0Trier`\n`Best\u00a0Director`\n`Lars\u00a0von\u00a0Trier`\n`Best\u00a0Original\u00a0Screenplay`\n`Lars\u00a0von\u00a0Trier`\n`Best\u00a0Actress`\n`Charlotte\u00a0Gainsbourg`\n`Best\u00a0Actor`\n`Stellan\u00a0Skarsg\u00e5rd`\n`Best\u00a0Supporting\u00a0Actress`\n`Stacy\u00a0Martin`\n`Best\u00a0Supporting\u00a0Actress`\n`Uma\u00a0Thurman`\n`Best\u00a0Supporting\u00a0Actor`\n`Jamie\u00a0Bell`\n`Best\u00a0Cinematography`\n`Manuel\u00a0Alberto\u00a0Claro`\n`Best\u00a0Costume\u00a0Design`\n`Manon\u00a0Rasmussen`\n`Best\u00a0Makeup`\n`Dennis\u00a0Knudsen,\u00a0Morten\u00a0Jacobsen\u00a0and\u00a0Thomas\u00a0Foldberg`\n`Best\u00a0Visual\u00a0Effects`\n`Peter\u00a0Hjorth`\n`Best\u00a0Sound\u00a0Design`\n`Kristian\u00a0Eidnes\u00a0Andersen`\n`Best\u00a0Editing`\n`Molly\u00a0Malene\u00a0Stensgaard\u00a0and\u00a0Morten\u00a0H\u00f8jbjerg`\n`Best\u00a0Production\u00a0Design`\n`Simone\u00a0Grau\u00a0Roney`\n`Audience\u00a0Award`\n`Louise\u00a0Vesth\u00a0and\u00a0Lars\u00a0von\u00a0Trier`","parent_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691:15","document_content":"# Nymphomaniac (film)\n### Accolades\n*Nymphomaniac* was released both together (in a two-disc set) and separately via DVD and Blu-ray in the United States on 8 July 2014. Director\\'s Cut was made available in the US on both home media formats on 25 November 2014. In December 2014, the Director\\'s Cut was released on Netflix, where the theatrical versions were already streaming.\n- List of longest films\n- Unsimulated sex in film","parent_id":"a40b3d72e6c17d2e4691","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"3cdf21ffb2be08dfd517:0","document_content":"# Salon Kitty (film)\n***Salon Kitty*** is a 1976 erotic-war-drama film directed by Tinto Brass. The film was coproduced by Italy, France and West Germany. It is based on the novel of the same name by Peter Norden, covering the real life events of the Salon Kitty operation, under which the *Sicherheitsdienst* took over an expensive brothel in Berlin, had the place wire tapped, and replaced all the prostitutes with trained spies, in order to gather information on various members of the Nazi party and foreign dignitaries.\nIt is considered among the progenitors of Nazisploitation genre.\nIn the U.S., the film was edited to lighten the political overtones for an easier marketing as a sexploitation film and released under the title *Madam Kitty* with an X rating. Blue Underground Video, for the uncut version, has surrendered the X rating for an unrated DVD and Blu-ray release.\nWallenberg (Helmut Berger), an ambitious Nazi SS commandant, devises a plan to select a special group of female informants in order to plant them as prostitutes in a high class brothel on the eve of World War II in order to collect intelligence on various important members of the Nazi party and foreign dignitaries who frequent the establishment. The selected SS auxiliaries are then group tested with SS men to assess their suitability. The brothel is then purged of its regular girls and Kitty (Ingrid Thulin), the owner and Madam of the brothel, is forced to comply and allows her original girls to be deported as the building gets wiretapped with listening devices and other surveillance equipment, after which the new girls proceed to spy on their illustrious clients. However, when one of the informants named Margherita (Teresa Ann Savoy) discovers that the surveillance project resulted in the execution of her lover, Luftwaffe pilot, Hans Reiter (Bekim Fehmiu), she enlists Kitty to help her take down Wallenberg. Margherita entraps Wallenberg via a recording where he tells her that he has the dirt on all the top Nazi hierarchy and intends to bring them all down. As a consequence, Wallenberg is executed for treason.","parent_id":"3cdf21ffb2be08dfd517","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"3cdf21ffb2be08dfd517:1","document_content":"# Salon Kitty (film)\nThe film also includes a large number of uncredited actors.\n*Salon Kitty* was filmed mostly at Dear Studios in Rome, with some additional location filming in Germany. Production designer Ken Adam had recently suffered a nervous breakdown while working on *Barry Lyndon*, and he described his participation in this film as creatively regenerative. He has stated that the production was enjoyable, and that he feels *Salon Kitty* is \\\"underrated.\\\" Adam based his design of Wallenberg\\'s apartment on his own memories of his family\\'s apartment in World War II-era Berlin. Wallenberg\\'s enormous office, though a set, allegedly features a real marble floor, as it was cheaper to use real marble than create a mock-up version.\nCostumes and uniforms for the film were designed by Ugo Pericoli and Jost Jacob, and were constructed by Tirelli Costumi of Rome. Adam credited Jacob with the design of the \\'kinky\\' uniforms that Wallenberg wears throughout the film.\n*Salon Kitty* was released in Italy on March 2, 1976.\nIn a review at the time of the UK release, the *Monthly Film Bulletin* found the film to contain \\\"a script that does nothing more than pile up the perversions as fast as possible (the characterisation hardly rises above the stock Nazi heavy while the motivation is consistently, and laughably, crude)\\\" and hoped that \\\"Italian directors will soon examine their recent track record of the atrocities of Nazi Germany (*The Damned*, *The Night Porter*, and now *Salon Kitty*) and abandon the subject for a long while to come.\\\"\n- List of Italian films of 1976","parent_id":"3cdf21ffb2be08dfd517","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c91c319464056b5b777f:0","document_content":"# The Lion Roars\n***The Lion Roars*** is a 2002 Hong Kong comedy film produced and directed by Joe Ma. The film starred Louis Koo and Cecilia Cheung\nDuring the Soong Dynasty, a beautiful woman named Moth Liu is searching for a husband, but is unable to find one until she hears the avant-garde poetry of Seasonal Chan. Soon the two are married and Chan discovers that his new bride is violently temperamental and insanely jealous, who limits his activities and lifestyle. When a princess falls in love with the poet and the Emperor decrees that Chan must take the princess in as a second-wife. The love between Liu and Chan is put to the test.\n- Louis Koo as Seasonal Chan\n- Cecilia Cheung as Moth Liu\n- Benz Hui as So Tung-po\n- Wyman Wong as Super Double Baldes Liu\n- Fan Bingbing as Princess Ping\\'an\n- Raymond Wong Ho-yin as Long\n- Mou Jian as Emperor\n- Emotion Cheung as Wong Choy\n- Joe Lee as Yau","parent_id":"c91c319464056b5b777f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"548d98b9b7bc14acb266:0","document_content":"# Swarg Jaisaa Ghar\n***Swarg Jaisaa Ghar*** is a 1991 family based film directed by Swaroop Kumar and produced by Mehmood Nazir.\n- Raj Babbar\n- Aasif Sheikh\n- Sumeet Saigal as Kiran\n- Sonu Walia\n- Sonam as Devaki\n- Anita Raj\n- Sadashiv Amrapurkar as Sharmaji\n- Gulshan Grover as Raka\n- Navin Nischol as Diwan Dinanath\n- Rakesh Bedi as Dulare\n- Shiva Rindani as Chaman\nLyrics by Majrooh Sultanpuri and music by Bappi Lahiri.\n1.  \\\"Deewana Hoon Main\\\" - Alka Yagnik, Kumar Sanu\n2.  \\\"Aao Khele Sanam Sanam\\\" - Mohammad Aziz, Anuradha Paudwal\n3.  \\\"Dil Bechoge Haan Lelo Jee\\\" - Kumar Sanu, Sadhna Sargam\n4.  \\\"Jai Ganesh Jai Ganesh\\\" - Mohammed Aziz, Suresh Wadkar, Sapna Mukherjee\n5.  \\\"Kitna Pyara Hai (version 1)\\\" - Mohammad Aziz, Sapna Mukherjee, Sudesh Bhosle\n6.  \\\"Kitna Pyara Hai (version 2)\\\" - Mohammed Aziz\n7.  \\\"Jalta Hai Badan\\\" - Kavita Krishnamurthy\n8.  \\\"Zara Dekho Sajan\\\" - Shabbir Kumar, Sapna Mukherjee\n9.  \\\"Swarg Jaisa Ghar\\\" - Bappi Lahiri\n10. \\\"Madhuhan (version 1)\\\" - Bappi Lahiri\n11. \\\"Madhuhan (version 2)\\\" - Bappi Lahiri\n12. \\\"Madhuhan (version 3)\\\" - Bappi Lahiri","parent_id":"548d98b9b7bc14acb266","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f52ee1057c2a3e1b3e87:0","document_content":"# The Mortal Instruments: City of Bones\n***The Mortal Instruments: City of Bones*** is a 2013 urban fantasy film based on the first book of *The Mortal Instruments* series by Cassandra Clare. It was directed by Harald Zwart, with a script written by Jessica Postigo. The film stars Lily Collins as Clary Fray, a teenager from New York City who meets a group of Nephilim known as the Shadowhunters while also discovering her own heritage and her family history. The cast also include Jamie Campbell Bower, Robert Sheehan, Kevin Zegers, Lena Headey, Kevin Durand, Aidan Turner, Jemima West, Godfrey Gao, C. C. H. Pounder, Jared Harris, and Jonathan Rhys Meyers.\nThe film\\'s development began when Constantin Film optioned the film rights to the book series. Casting announcements started in 2010, with Collins being the first actress attached to the project. Principal photography took place in Ontario between August and November 2012. It is an international co-production between Germany and Canada.\n*The Mortal Instruments: City of Bones* premiered in Los Angeles on August 12, and was released in August 21, 2013 by Entertainment One in Canada and by Constantin Film in Germany. It was released in the United States on the same day by Screen Gems. The film received generally negative reviews from critics and grossed \\$95.3 million worldwide against a production budget of \\$60 million, failing to break even.","parent_id":"f52ee1057c2a3e1b3e87","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f52ee1057c2a3e1b3e87:1","document_content":"# The Mortal Instruments: City of Bones\nThe film was originally intended to launch a film series and to continue with a sequel based on the second book, *City of Ashes*, that was in development with Sigourney Weaver set to join the cast. However, it was postponed indefinitely and ultimately cancelled due to the film\\'s poor performance. A reboot television series, titled *Shadowhunters*, premiered in 2016 on Freeform and ran for three seasons.\nNew York City teenager Clary Fray begins seeing and drawing a strange symbol, worrying her mother Jocelyn Fray and family friend, Luke Garroway. At a crowded nightclub with friend, Simon Lewis, only Clary can see Jace Wayland and his accomplices killing a man. The next day, two men, Emil Pangborn and Samuel Blackwell, arrive at the Fray apartment searching for a cup. Jocelyn calls Clary, frantically telling her to stay away and to warn Luke about someone named Valentine; she then drinks a potion putting her in a deep sleep. Returning home, Clary finds her mother missing and is attacked by a dog-like creature. Jace, a \\\"Shadowhunter\\\", appears and kills it, explaining that it, like the \\\"man\\\" killed at the nightclub, was a demon in another form.","parent_id":"f52ee1057c2a3e1b3e87","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f52ee1057c2a3e1b3e87:2","document_content":"# The Mortal Instruments: City of Bones\nWith help from the Frays\\' neighbor, Madame Dorothea, a witch, Jace deduces that Pangborn and Blackwell seek a lost artifact called the Mortal Cup. Jace and Clary, along with Simon, go to Luke\\'s antique store. Pangborn and Blackwell are forcibly interrogating Luke who, to protect Clary and Jocelyn, falsely claims he cares nothing about the Frays and only wants the Mortal Cup. The trio escapes to the Shadowhunter Institute, a hidden cathedral-like building, where Jace treats Clary, who was stung by the demon. She and Simon meet two other Shadowhunters, siblings Alec and Isabelle Lightwood, and Shadowhunter leader, Hodge. Clary learns that Shadowhunters, invisible to mortals, are half-human, half-angel demon slayers. Clary has inherited her Shadowhunter mother\\'s powers, including drawing temporary magical runes on the skin. The Mortal Cup is one of three Mortal Instruments given to the first Shadowhunter by the Angel Raziel. Shadowhunters are either descended from other Shadowhunters or made by drinking from the cup. Hodge explains that Valentine Morgenstern, an ex-Shadowhunter who betrayed the order, now seeks the Cup to control both Shadowhunters and demons.\nHodge instructs Jace to take Clary to the City of Bones, a sanctuary beneath a cemetery. When the Silent Brothers attempt to unlock Clary\\'s blocked memories, they uncover a connection to Magnus Bane, the High Warlock of Brooklyn. At Bane\\'s club, he tells Clary that Jocelyn had him block knowledge of the Shadowhunter world from Clary\\'s mind. When Vampires kidnap Simon, Jace, Alec, Isabelle, and Clary trail them to their hideout. They find Simon, but vampires outnumber them. Werewolves intervene and save them.\nAs Simon recovers at the Institute, Clary notices two puncture marks on his shoulder, while he discovers he suddenly no longer needs eyeglasses. Clary shares a romantic evening with Jace, ending in a kiss. When Simon jealously confronts Clary about it, she downplays the incident, angering Jace. Simon confesses he loves Clary, though she does not reciprocate his feelings.","parent_id":"f52ee1057c2a3e1b3e87","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f52ee1057c2a3e1b3e87:3","document_content":"# The Mortal Instruments: City of Bones\nClary realizes the Mortal Cup is hidden inside one of Madame Dorothea\\'s tarot cards that her mother painted as a gift. The group goes to Dorothea\\'s apartment, but a demon has replaced her. Simon and Jace kill it, but Alec is lethally stung. Clary retrieves the Mortal Cup card, and they return to the institute. Hodge summons Magnus Bane to heal Alec.\nClary removes the Mortal Cup from the card and gives it to Hodge, who betrays them by summoning Valentine Morgenstern through a portal and giving him the Cup. When Valentine reveals he is Clary\\'s father, she refuses to join him. She puts the cup back into the card, then escapes through the portal that transports her to Luke\\'s store. Luke, revealed to be the werewolf who helped fight the vampires, confirms that Valentine is her father and says Clary had an older brother named Jonathan, who died as a toddler. Luke and his werewolf pack go to the Institute with Clary to battle Valentine after he summons demons through a roof opening. Simon finds Jocelyn, still unconscious, at the Institute, and he and Isabelle close the roof opening with help from a repentant Hodge.\nClary and Jace fight Valentine, who lies by claiming Jace is his son. Clary tricks Valentine by giving him a replica Mortal Cup, then pushes him into the portal, destroying it. Jocelyn is rescued but remains unresponsive at the hospital. Clary uses her new-found powers to repair the apartment. Jace arrives, confessing he needs her and disbelieves they are siblings and will uncover the truth. Realizing she belongs in the Shadowhunter world, Clary returns to the Institute with Jace.\n`Lily\u00a0Collins\u00a0and\u00a0Jamie\u00a0Campbell\u00a0Bower`\n`Robert\u00a0Sheehan\u00a0`\n`Kevin\u00a0Zegers\u00a0`\n`Godfrey\u00a0Gao`\n`Lily\u00a0Collins,\u00a0Jamie\u00a0Campbell\u00a0Bower,\u00a0Robert\u00a0Sheehan,Kevin\u00a0Zegers\u00a0and\u00a0Godfrey\u00a0Gao\u00a0promoting\u00a0the\u00a0film`\n- Lily Collins as Clary\n- Jamie Campbell Bower as Jace\n- Robert Sheehan as Simon\n- Kevin Zegers as Alec\n- Lena Headey as Jocelyn\n- Kevin Durand as Pangborn\n- Aidan Turner as Luke\n- Jemima West as Isabelle\n- Godfrey Gao as Magnus Bane\n- C. C. H. Pounder as Dorothea\n- Jared Harris as Hodge\n- Jonathan Rhys Meyers as Valentine","parent_id":"f52ee1057c2a3e1b3e87","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f52ee1057c2a3e1b3e87:4","document_content":"# The Mortal Instruments: City of Bones\n### Pre-production\nDirector Harald Zwart at the 2013 San Diego Comic-Con International promoting the film\nWhile shopping the film prospect around, author Cassandra Clare had difficulty finding a studio interested in making a film with a female in the lead role. Studios asked her to switch the lead to a male character, which she refused.\nOn December 9, 2010, it was announced that Lily Collins had been cast in the role of Clary Fray.\nAlex Pettyfer was originally offered the role of Jace Wayland, but turned it down. Alexander Ludwig, Ed Speleers and Leebo Freeman tested for the role but it went to Jamie Campbell Bower. Xavier Samuel, Nico Tortorella, Max Irons, and Douglas Booth were also in consideration.\nThe film is a co-production of the Germany company Constantin Film Produktion GmbH and Canadian company Don Carmody Productions and a co-production with Unique Features.\nScott Stewart had initially been attached to direct the film, but he left to produce a television series based on *Legion*. Harald Zwart replaced him shortly after.\n\n### Filming\nPrincipal photography took place between August 20 and November 7, 2012, on location in Toronto and Hamilton, Ontario, and New York City.\n\n## Music\n### Soundtrack\n*The Mortal Instruments: City of Bones (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)* was released by Republic Records in stores and digital retailers on August 20, 2013. It is headlined by Demi Lovato, Zedd, Colbie Caillat, AFI remixed by LA Riots, and Jessie J among others. The soundtrack is a collaboration between trance DJs Myon & Shane 54 with Seven Lions, as well as a song by Bryan Ellis, produced by Brian West. Some songs, including Lovato\\'s \\\"Heart by Heart\\\" and Caillat\\'s \\\"When the Darkness Comes\\\", were recorded specifically for *City of Bones*. Zedd \\\"scored for a key scene in the film\\\".\n\\\"Almost Is Never Enough\\\", performed by Ariana Grande and Nathan Sykes was released as promotional single from the album on August 19, 2013. The album peaked at #32 on the US *Billboard* 200. \\\"Almost is Never Enough\\\", performed by Ariana Grande and The Wanted\\'s Nathan Sykes, debuted on the *Billboard* Hot 100 at number 84.","parent_id":"f52ee1057c2a3e1b3e87","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f52ee1057c2a3e1b3e87:5","document_content":"# The Mortal Instruments: City of Bones\n## Music\n### Soundtrack\nBeth Crowley had also written a song inspired by the movie called \\\"Warrior\\\". \\\"All I Need\\\" by Radiohead was the song used in the trailer for the film.\n\n### Score\nThe official score was composed by Atli \u00d6rvarsson, and was released on August 20, 2013 for physical purchase and digital download.\nA teaser trailer was released in November 2012, and a second trailer was released March 2013. The film was originally due for release on August 23, 2013, but was pushed back two days earlier, on August 21, 2013. The film secured broad European distribution deals at Cannes.\nThe film premiered on August 12, 2013, at the Cinerama Dome in Hollywood.\n\n### Marketing\nAccording to the *Los Angeles Times*, \\$60 million was spent on marketing. Kulzer, Constantin\\'s co-president, stated \\\"\\$60 million has been spent worldwide on prints and advertising....\\\" and went on to explain the importance of managing expectations.\n\n### Home media\n*The Mortal Instruments: City of Bones* was released on DVD and Blu-ray on December 3, 2013, by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment.\n\n### Critical response\nReview aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gives the film an approval rating of 14% based on 125 reviews and a rating average of 3.93\/10. The site commented that \\\"*The Mortal Instruments: City of Bones* borrows ingredients from seemingly every fantasy franchise of the last 30 years---but can\\'t seem to figure out what to do with them.\\\" At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100, the film has a score of 33% based on reviews from 35 critics, indicating \\\"generally unfavorable reviews.\\\"","parent_id":"f52ee1057c2a3e1b3e87","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f52ee1057c2a3e1b3e87:6","document_content":"# The Mortal Instruments: City of Bones\n## Music\n### Critical response\n*The Telegraph*\\'s Robbie Collin gave the film one out of five stars, saying, \\\"This gothic teen fantasy is one of the most disastrous page-to-screen adaptations in memory\\\". Collin added \\\"the plot is an incomprehensible tangle of dead ends and recaps, and afterwards you realise only two things have stuck: the story\\'s countless unsubtle borrowings from very recent pop culture\\... and a brief aside in which we learn one of the earliest demon-hunters was Johann Sebastian Bach.\\\" Michael Rechtshaffen from *The Hollywood Reporter* also gave it a negative review, saying, \\\"Certainly not the first and very unlikely the last studio attempt at launching a *Twilight*\/*Hunger Games* franchise of their very own, *The Mortal Instruments: City of Bones* is a bona fide saga all right---just not in a good way\\\" adding \\\"Despite the overstuffed assortment of vampires, werewolves, warlocks and demons of all shapes and sizes, *The Mortal Instruments* seldom feels like anything more than a shameless, soulless knockoff.\\\" *New York Daily News* also gave it a negative rating of 1 star out of 5; critic Jordan Hoffman wrote, \\\"This one is by far the worst of the *Twilight* copies. And when that bunch includes *The Host* and *I Am Number Four*, that\\'s saying something.\\\" Hoffman added, \\\"Despite an avalanche of back story, the film is merely an excuse to hop from one spookily dressed set to another. Alas, the titular City of Bones is more of a basement. Other than a gag about a cache of weapons beneath every church altar, there\\'s hardly a moment of levity or imagination. For a film that is wall-to-wall fantasy, you\\'ve seen all of this before, in much better movies.\\\"","parent_id":"f52ee1057c2a3e1b3e87","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f52ee1057c2a3e1b3e87:7","document_content":"# The Mortal Instruments: City of Bones\n## Music\n### Critical response\nTom Keogh of *The Seattle Times* also gave it a negative review, stating, \\\"*City of Bones* is so overwhelmed by CGI effects that it amounts to white noise for the eyes. Far worse is the way director Harald Zwart can\\'t establish a mature tone to support some of the story\\'s genuinely bold and challenging elements, especially a forbidden-love theme that deserves a more serious context\\\". A more average review came from film critic Stephanie Merry of *The Washington Post*, who said, \\\"To be fair, there are elements worth celebrating. The film is thankfully less self-serious than the mopey *Twilight* films. *The Mortal Instruments* revels in its own camp.\\\" She added, \\\"But there is plenty of room for improvement. The action flick is overly long, complicated and, even by teen romance standards, cringe-worthy in its cheesiness.\\\"\nDavid Blaustein from ABC News also gave the film an average review of two-and-a-half out of five stars, saying, \\\"Director Harald Zwart unsuccessfully tries to compress teen angst, love, passion, unfulfilled dreams and action into an overzealous, over-the-top, never-ending finale which seems about as well planned as throwing rocks and sand into a blender in the hope that if you blend it long enough at high-enough speed, you might wind up with a delicious milkshake.\\\" He then added, \\\"*The Mortal Instruments: City of Bones* is not a very good film by any stretch of the imagination. However, it does possess a slick, beautiful, young-adult aesthetic and a supernatural, emotional yet nonsensical love triangle that the film\\'s target demographic goes crazy for.\\\"\nVenetia Falconer of MTV News gave the film a positive review, with a score of 4 out of 5 stars, posting, \\\"*The Mortal Instruments* more than lives up to its hype of \\'The New Twilight\\'. The special effects are impressive, the battle scenes enthralling and there is solid acting from all members of the cast. The film\\'s main strength is that it perfectly hits the right balance between drama and comedy.\\\"","parent_id":"f52ee1057c2a3e1b3e87","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f52ee1057c2a3e1b3e87:8","document_content":"# The Mortal Instruments: City of Bones\n## Music\n### Critical response\nCinema audiences responded more positively than critics. Viewers who saw the film on the opening Wednesday, gave an average grade of B+, according to market research firm CinemaScore. The audience was 68% female and 46% under the age of 21.\n\n### Box office\n*City of Bones* grossed \\$9.3 million for the three-day weekend in the U.S. and \\$18.2 million worldwide, debuting in #3 place as the highest ranked new release, although losing out on the top two spots to holdovers from previous weeks (*Lee Daniels\\' The Butler* and *We\\'re the Millers*). For the five-day cumulative total, it grossed \\$14,088,359 in the U.S. and \\$23,188,359 worldwide, placing it below estimates of *Variety* at \\$18 million, *The Hollywood Reporter* at \\$15 million, and Sony itself who predicted \\$15 million. According to *The Wrap*, the film \\\"failed to connect\\\" and is on the same course as other misfires *Beautiful Creatures* and *The Host*. *Forbes* also made comparisons with *Beautiful Creatures* and *The Host*, and called the five-day weekend gross \\\"a full-blown disaster\\\" as well as \\\"the biggest bomb of the weekend\\\".\nExecutive producer Martin Moszkowicz blamed the weak opening in the United States on \\\"a strongly competitive environment\\\", including competition from *You\\'re Next* and *The World\\'s End*, as well as strong holdovers *The Butler* and *We\\'re the Millers*. Moszkowicz was confident, saying it was still too early to call, with the film still rolling out release in more territories worldwide.\nAs of October 10, 2013, it grossed \\$31,165,421 at North American box offices and \\$59,400,000 internationally, bringing the worldwide gross to \\$90,565,421.\n*The Hollywood Reporter* described the film as a \\\"major in-house flop\\\" and contributing to studio Constantin\\'s losses for the 2013 year.","parent_id":"f52ee1057c2a3e1b3e87","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f52ee1057c2a3e1b3e87:9","document_content":"# The Mortal Instruments: City of Bones\n## Music\n### Awards\n*The Mortal Instruments* won four Canadian Screen Awards: Achievement in Make-Up, Achievement in Overall Sound, Achievement in Sound Editing and Achievement in Visual Effects. It was also nominated for Achievement in Costume Design and Achievement in Art Direction\/Production Design.\nThe film was nominated at the 2014 Teen Choice Awards for Choice Movie: Action, Choice Movie: Actor Action, and Choice Movie: Actress Action, but lost to *Divergent* in all categories.\n\n### Canceled sequels\nOn May 8, 2013, before the film was released, it was announced that a film adaptation of the second book *City of Ashes*, would start production on September 23, 2013 with a 2014 release date. In August 2013, after the film opened below expectations, Kulzer, Constantin\\'s co-president, explained that a sequel was still warranted given increasing book sales and soundtrack revenues. Sigourney Weaver was set to join the cast while Lily Collins, Lena Headey, Jonathan Rhys Meyers, Jemima West, and Jamie Campbell Bower were set to reprise their roles.\nOn September 10, 2013, *The Hollywood Reporter* claimed that the sequel \\\"had been pushed in the wake of a lackluster box-office opening\\\" and *The Wrap* claimed the film had been postponed indefinitely. Moszkowicz responded \\\"\\... Constantin is committed to making the sequel, the company did not want to rush into production with an unfinished screenplay, preferring to take the time to get right\\\".\nCassandra Clare responded, saying the draft screenplay she saw was \\\"very far from the book\\\" and that the original schedule would not have allowed time for changes, and she thought the delay could therefore be a good thing.","parent_id":"f52ee1057c2a3e1b3e87","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f52ee1057c2a3e1b3e87:10","document_content":"# The Mortal Instruments: City of Bones\n## Music\n### Canceled sequels\nOn October 23, 2013, Moszkowicz told *The Hollywood Reporter* that production on the sequel would resume in 2014, explaining that Constantin was determined to continue the franchise due to the positive response from fans to the adaptation, though noted that the marketing campaign for *City of Bones* was too narrowly focused on teenage fans, proving to be a detriment of Clare\\'s older readers. Moszkowicz also admitted that nothing had been finalized nor confirmed, saying \\\"It is an ongoing discussion that we are having, and it is not done. We haven\\'t made a final decision. But we will only move forward---and we plan to move forward---when we feel we are going to get it right\\\". Moszkowicz later revealed the intention to shoot the film at some time in 2014. On May 20, 2014, Harald Zwart revealed that the studio still had intentions to make the sequel, but explained that he would not direct it, so that he could focus on other projects, although he complimented the first film as \\\"a good window for him to show off\\\".\nScott Mendelson of *Forbes* magazine expressed surprise that a sequel was in production: \\\"*The Mortal Instruments: City of Bones* received neither positive reviews nor box office large enough to justify its production and marketing expenses. Yet, against all odds and arguably against all logic, \\... it\\'s getting a sequel!\\\"\n\n### Television series\nOn October 12, 2014, at Mipcom, Constantin confirmed that *The Mortal Instruments* would return as a television series, abandoning previous plans for a film sequel, with Ed Decter as showrunner to start production for next year on at least two or three international shows. Constantin Film and TV head Martin Moszkowicz told *The Hollywood Reporter* that \\\"It actually makes sense to do (the novels) as a TV series. There was so much from the book that we had to leave out of the *Mortal Instruments* film. In the series we\\'ll be able to go deeper and explore this world in greater detail and depth.\\\"","parent_id":"f52ee1057c2a3e1b3e87","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f52ee1057c2a3e1b3e87:11","document_content":"# The Mortal Instruments: City of Bones\n## Music\n### Television series\nThe television series ran for three seasons, from January 2016 to May 2019.\nTo tie in with the film, Sony Pictures worked with developers PlayFirst to release a game on August 15, 2013. The game, available free for Android and iOS, allows players to hunt demons and supernatural monsters like the Shadowhunters of the story. That includes cross-platform features, allowing users to sign in on Facebook and save their progress across Android and iOS devices.","parent_id":"f52ee1057c2a3e1b3e87","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"555532f8d7b9170df356:0","document_content":"# Blood Letter\n***Thi\u00ean m\u1ec7nh anh h\u00f9ng*** (\u5929\u547d\u82f1\u96c4), known as ***Blood Letter*** and ***Sword of the Assassin*** in English, is a 2012 Vietnamese martial arts action fantasy directed by Victor Vu, produced by Phuong Nam Films and Saiga Films, in association with BHD. One of the most expensive Vietnamese films ever made, *Blood Letter* is considered the first film of its kind, Kiem Hiep (Sword fighter Adventures) in Vietnam. It was released theatrically in Vietnam on January 20, 2012 by Megastar Media. The film was going to be the official submission for Vietnam to the 86th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film. However, on 19 September 2013, the National Cinema Department announced that the film did not meet the AMPAS criteria for distribution.\nAdapted from a popular novel *B\u1ee9c Huy\u1ebft Th\u01b0* by B\u00f9i Anh T\u1ea5n, based on the life of Nguy\u1ec5n Anh V\u0169, a Royal court officer during the era of Emperor L\u00ea Th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ng. The film begins with a young boy arriving at the shore of a remote monastery. The boy grows up under the care and martial arts tutelage of the lone monk who cares for the temple. Twelve years later, Nguyen Vu discovers his true identity, that he is the lone descendant of the nobleman Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00e3i, who was beheaded, along with the rest of his family, when he was implicated in the death of the King. Two eunuchs from the Royal Court learn the truth and when they try to escape are hunted down. One of the eunuchs writes his testimony in blood before he dies and this Blood Letter disappears. Nguyen Vu then embarks on a quest to find this letter so that he may clear his grandfather\\'s name. Along the way he meets two sisters who are also on a quest to carry out vengeance against the Royal Court.\n- Huynh Dong as Nguyen Vu\n- Midu as Hoa Xuan\n- Van Trang as Empress Dowager Tuy\u00ean T\u1eeb\n- Khuong Ngoc as Tran Tuong Quan\n- Van Anh as L\u00ea Nghi D\u00e2n, Prince of L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n\n- Minh Thuan as Su Phu\n- Jaivee Mai The Hiep as Le Dai Nhan","parent_id":"555532f8d7b9170df356","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"844a8332ab1c0a9d3511:0","document_content":"# Black Magic (1975 film)\n***Black Magic*** is a 1975 Hong Kong horror film directed by Ho Meng Hua and starring Ti Lung, Lo Lieh, , Lily Li and Ku Feng. A sequel to the film was released in 1976.\nThere is an evil magician named Shan Chien-mi. He lives in a forest and anyone who wants to wreak vengeance on their enemy comes here and asks him to kill their enemy. Then, Shan Chien-mi will get a great amount of gold from them as payment. At the same time, Master Fu Yong, a kind magician, notices that Shan Chien-mi is doing something immoral so he plans to destroy the evil magician.\nXu Nuo and his fianc\u00e9e Chu-ying are deeply in love with each other and finally decide to get married. However, on the wedding day, Xu Nuo breaks up with his fianc\u00e9e unexpectedly and starts a new relationship with a rich widow named Luo Yin.\nIn fact, Luo Yin has always been attracted to Xu Nuo so she asks Shan Chien-mi to use the Tame Head of Love to make Xu Nuo unconsciously fall in love with her. Luo Yin\\'s goal is attained, but she is still not satisfied. She wants Xu Nuo's former fianc\u00e9e to die. Shan Chien-mi uses the Tame Head of Death to make Chu-ying suffer from an incurable disease.\nFortunately, a friend of Chu-ying's asks Master Fu Yong for help. The magician successfully saves Chu-ying.\nMaster Fu Yong finds Xu Nuo in the widow\\'s house and breaks the Tame Head of Love. After that, he fights with Shan Chien-mi and finally kills him and the widow.","parent_id":"844a8332ab1c0a9d3511","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"844a8332ab1c0a9d3511:1","document_content":"# Black Magic (1975 film)\n- Ti Lung as Xu Nuo\n- Lo Lieh as Liang Chia-chieh\n- as Mrs.\u00a0Zhou \/ Luo Yin\n- Lily Li as Wang Chu-ying\n- Ku Feng as Shan Chien-mi\n- Ku Wen-chung as Master Fu Yong\n- Lee Sau-kei as Uncle Feng\n- Elliot Ngok as Mr.\u00a0Wang\n- Chen Ping as Mrs.\u00a0Wang\n- Lam Wai-tiu as Wei Te-chin\n- Lam Fung as Nuo\\'s colleague\n- Norman Chu as Nuo\\'s colleague\n- Ng Hong-sang as Nuo\\'s colleague\n- Helen Ko as Shan\\'s patron #1\n- Shum Shuk-yee as Mistress cured by Shan\\'s patron #1\n- Ofelia Yau as Bridesmaid\n- Lam Siu as Doctor\n- Koo Chim-hung as Doctor\n- Chin Chun as Party guest\n- Fung King-man as Wedding guest\n- Tam Ying as Wedding guest\n- Cheung Siu-lun as Party guest","parent_id":"844a8332ab1c0a9d3511","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"72212e5cc36db505e2ec:0","document_content":"# King Cat\n***King Cat*** is a 1967 Hong Kong martial arts film directed by Hsu Tseng Hung and produced by Shaw Brothers Studio. The story is loosely based on the 19th-century Chinese novel *The Seven Heroes and Five Gallants*. The title refers to a nickname of the protagonist Zhan Zhao (the nickname can also be translated as \\\"Imperial Cat\\\").\nDuring the Song dynasty, after the upright prefect Bao Zheng executed Pang Yu for embezzlement, the grand tutor Pang Ji sent assassins to avenge his son\\'s death. A chivalrous man, Zhan Zhao the \\\"Southern Hero\\\", saved Bao and was conferred the title \\\"King Cat\\\" by the emperor. This title invoked the jealousy and anger of Bai Yutang the \\\"Brocade-Coated Rat\\\" --- as rats were considered cat food --- who went to the capital Kaifeng (also known as Bianjing) to challenge Zhan. He was later joined by his 3 elder sworn brothers --- Han Zhang the \\\"Earth-Piercing Rat\\\", Xu Qing the \\\"Mountain-Boring Rat\\\" and Jiang Ping the \\\"River-Overturning Rat\\\", and together they stole a treasure from the imperial palace, knowing that Bao would send Zhan to retrieve it.","parent_id":"72212e5cc36db505e2ec","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"72212e5cc36db505e2ec:1","document_content":"# King Cat\nOn their way home, the four brothers were confronted by Bai\\'s girlfriend Ding Yuehua the \\\"Nine-Tailed Phoenix\\\", who accused them of raping and killing 3 imperial maids whose corpses were discovered right after their theft. Infuriated by her lack of trust, Bai admitted to the crimes, and Ding broke up with him. The real criminal, however, was Hua Chong the \\\"Flowery Butterfly\\\", who had been involved with the treacherous grand tutor and his daughter Consort Pang, as well as a few Taoist priests in a plot to overthrow the dynasty. Hua tried to rape Ding, but fled after Zhan stopped him. Ding informed Zhan of Bai\\'s guilt, so Zhan went to the island occupied by Lu Fang the \\\"Sky-Penetrating Rat\\\" and his four sworn brothers to arrest Bai, but was trapped under a fish pond. Ding Yuehua and his two brothers Ding Zhaolan and Ding Zhaohui arrived later looking for Zhan, and Zhan escaped from the trap. Finally Zhan discovered that Bai was not the rapist, and Jiang remembered overhearing a plot by Hua to rape Princess Yong\\'an during her visit to a monastery.\nThe heroes and gallants arrived in the monastery to rescue the princess, only to discover it was filled with rebellious priests. Helped by an army led by Bao, they eventually subdued the rebels and killed Hua. The \\\"Five Rats\\\" returned the treasure, and Zhan became romantically involved with Ding Yuehua.\n- Chang Yi as Zhan Zhao\n- Chiao Chuang as Bai Yutang\n- Pat Ting Hung as Ding Yuehua\n- Ching Li as Jinhua\n- Ching Miao as Bao Zheng\n- Chin Feng as Emperor Renzong of Song\n- Carrie Ku Mei as Princess Yong\\'an\n- Ku Wen-chung as Han Zhang\n- Huang Tsung Hsing as Xu Qing\n- Paul Wei Ping-ao as Jiang Ping\n- Yang Chih-ching as Lu Fang\n- Fang Mian as Gongsun Ce\n- Cliff Lok as Bao Xing\n- Lo Lieh as Hua Chong\n- Helen Ma Hoi-lun as Consort Pang\n- Tin Sam as Imperial Tutor Pang\n- Fan Dan as Pang Yu\n- Cheng Lei as Ding Zhaohui\n- Chao Hsiung as Ding Zhaolan\n- Wu Ma as Little Sun","parent_id":"72212e5cc36db505e2ec","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"dc5a852da29e932231c6:0","document_content":"# The Fortress (1979 film)\n***The Fortress*** () is a 1979 Hungarian science fiction film directed by Mikl\u00f3s Szinet\u00e1r. It was entered into the 11th Moscow International Film Festival.\n- Bella Tanay as Edit Nicharchos\n- S\u00e1ndor Oszter as Gregor\n- J\u00f3zsef Madaras as Murketa\n- \u00c1d\u00e1m Rajhona as Sorensen\n- Ferenc B\u00e1cs as Dobrowski\n- Gyula Benk\u0151 as Bondy Sr.\n- P\u00e9ter Benk\u0151 as Bondy Jr.\u00a0(as P\u00e9ter Benk\u0151)\n- Georgiana Tarjan as \u00c9va (as Gy\u00f6rgyi Tarj\u00e1n)\n- N\u00f3ra N\u00e9meth as Jane\n- Judit Hern\u00e1di as Klotild\n- P\u00e9ter Haumann as Steko\n- Endre Hark\u00e1nyi as Steiner\n- P\u00e9ter Trok\u00e1n as Public Prosecutor","parent_id":"dc5a852da29e932231c6","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"94bcc23b4157b66935a6:0","document_content":"# Twice Upon a Christmas\n***Twice Upon a Christmas*** is a 2001 film directed by Tibor Tak\u00e1cs. A sequel to the 2000 PAX television film, *Once Upon a Christmas*, it stars most of the original cast from the first film. The filming location was in Vancouver, British Columbia.\nAfter Kristin saved Kyle\\'s life, she has been living with the Morgan family ever since. Unfortunately, she cannot remember her past, and has lost her immortality. Bill proposes to her, but she declines, as she says she doesn\\'t feel right about the decision without knowing her family. At the North Pole, Rudolpha is secretly selling pieces of the North Pole worldwide to get rid of the North Pole, and to make Santa Claus feel he is being replaced. As Kristin is preparing her wedding with Bill, Brittany and Kyle, Bill\\'s two children, order from Rudolpha\\'s business, and unknowingly receive Kristin\\'s doll from when she was a little girl. After Kristin sees the doll, she immediately remembers her past, as flashbacks are shown of her life until then (with many using footage from *Once Upon a Christmas*). After Kristin sees Rudolpha\\'s commercial, she and the children discover Rudolpha\\'s plan, and head for the North Pole to try to save Christmas. With a special announcement the pieces are returned and Christmas saved. Rudolpha must ride since the deer have not come back. Kristen and Bill get married.\n`Actor`\n`Role`\nKathy Ireland\nKristin Claus\nJohn Dye\nBill Morgan\nMatthew Walker\nSanta Claus\nMary Donnelly Haskell\nRudolpha Claus\nWayne Thomas Yorke\nUncle Johnny\nRobin Avery\nSandman\nRebecca Toolan-doka\nClara Claus\nKirsten Prout\nBrittany Morgan\nJames Kirk\nKyle Morgan\nArturo Gil\nWahoo\nRachelle Carson\nHarley Jones\nLiz Torres\nThe Tooth Fairy\nSean Allan\nDonald Trump\nCBS Home Entertainment through Paramount Home Entertainment released the film on DVD November 7, 2006.\n- List of Christmas films\n- Santa Claus in film","parent_id":"94bcc23b4157b66935a6","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"867f110d27653787a546:0","document_content":"# The Musician at the Dragon Citadel\n***The Musician at the Dragon Citadel*** () is a 2010 Vietnamese film based on Nguy\u1ec5n Du\\'s poem for the Millennial Anniversary of Hanoi directed by \u0110\u00e0o B\u00e1 S\u01a1n. The film won the Golden Kite Prize for Best Feature Film, as well as Best Director, Actor, Editing, and Costuming.\nPoet T\u1ed1 Nh\u01b0 meets a musician and they fall in love. But he already has a wife, and doesn\\'t want to take her even when he meets her several times and even has sex with her later. He meets her when she is old, feeling sorry, writes a poem for her, and she jumps into a well that nobody wants to drink the water later.\n- Nh\u1eadt Kim Anh \\... *C\u1ea7m*\n- Qu\u00e1ch Ng\u1ecdc Ngoan \\... *T\u1ed1 Nh\u01b0*\n- Tr\u1ea7n L\u1ef1c \\... *Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1ea3n*","parent_id":"867f110d27653787a546","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"58c190f7f02945949ce5:0","document_content":"# The Croods: A New Age\n***The Croods: A New Age*** (also known as ***The Croods 2***) is a 2020 American computer-animated adventure comedy film produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by Universal Pictures. The sequel to *The Croods* (2013) as well as the second film in *The Croods franchise*, it was directed by Joel Crawford (in his feature directorial debut) with a screenplay by Dan Hageman, Kevin Hageman, Paul Fisher, and Bob Logan from a story by the original directors Kirk DeMicco and Chris Sanders. The film features the returning voices of Nicolas Cage, Emma Stone, Ryan Reynolds, Catherine Keener, Clark Duke, and Cloris Leachman alongside new additions to the cast including Peter Dinklage, Leslie Mann, and Kelly Marie Tran.\nA sequel to *The Croods* was first announced in 2013, with directors DiMicco and Sanders returning to helm the film. Its development continued through 2014 and 2015 until its cancellation in November 2016 due to the doubts in response to Universal\\'s acquisition of DreamWorks. However, the project was revived in 2017 with Crawford replacing Sanders and DiMicco as director. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, much of the final animations were done from the crew\\'s homes.\n*The Croods: A New Age* was theatrically released in the United States on November 25, 2020. It grossed over \\$215 million worldwide against its \\$65 million budget and received generally positive reviews, with critics calling it \\\"a decent-enough follow-up\\\" and praising the cast. The film was also nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Animated Feature Film.\nA flashback shows the death of Guy\\'s parents when he was a child. As they drown in tar, they tell him to find somewhere called \\\"tomorrow\\\". He goes on a long journey and meets a young Belt before taking him along for the ride. This eventually leads up to events of meeting Eep and her family.","parent_id":"58c190f7f02945949ce5","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"58c190f7f02945949ce5:1","document_content":"# The Croods: A New Age\nThe Croods, along with Guy and their pets Chunky and Douglas, are still searching for a place to settle down, all the while surviving many dangerous creatures along the way. Grug is repeatedly annoyed at Eep and Guy\\'s blossoming romance, fearing they may separate from the rest of the pack. This fear intensifies after Guy proposes to Eep that they find their own \\\"tomorrow\\\" without the rest of the Croods. As Grug walks off in anger, he soon comes across a giant wall and leads the whole pack to it. On the other side lays an idyllic paradise-like land rich in agriculture that the Croods quickly become enamored with. However, they are soon caught in a net and are released by the owners of the land, a couple called Phil and Hope Betterman, who were best friends with Guy\\'s parents before their deaths and Guy\\'s disappearance. The Bettermans welcome the Croods to their giant tree-home as house guests, where they meet their daughter and Guy\\'s old friend, Dawn, who immediately befriends Eep. Life with the Bettermans becomes degrading for Grug as the Bettermans soon reveal themselves to be technologically advanced, better-mannered, and visibly condescending toward the Croods. Believing that Guy is better off with them they hatch a scheme to get Guy to leave the Croods. Phil eventually takes Grug to his secret man-cave, a sauna-like place behind some waterfalls, where he manipulates him into believing Guy should leave their pack in exchange for Eep staying with her family. Meanwhile, Hope angers Ugga by insulting her family\\'s lifestyle and attempts to manipulate her like Phil, but fails, thus leading to Ugga and Grug\\'s decision to leave.","parent_id":"58c190f7f02945949ce5","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"58c190f7f02945949ce5:2","document_content":"# The Croods: A New Age\nSometime after this, Eep discovers that Dawn has never left the inside of the wall. Relating this to the solitude she faced in her cave, Eep convinces Dawn to use Chunky to escape the land and jump their wall for a joyride that ends with a bee stinging Dawn and having her hand swell up. When Eep takes her back home, Guy, upon finding out, chides her for her recklessness, ending with him insensitively calling her a \\\"cave-girl\\\". At dinner, tensions rise between the parents as well as Guy and Eep, especially when Dawn\\'s swelling is revealed, culminating in Grug accidentally revealing his and Phil\\'s deal. Having had enough, the Croods decide to leave in the morning, but Guy decides to stay after he and Eep have a falling out. Soon, the land is attacked by \\\"Punch Monkeys\\\" (monkey-sized but with human-like strength) on account of Grug and Ugga eating a bunch of bananas the Bettermans hoard around their land and have forbidden Grug from eating. Phil reveals he sends the Punch Monkeys the bananas every day so that they leave the Bettermans alone and since Grug and Ugga ate them, the Punch Monkeys become upset and kidnap Grug, Phil, and Guy and take them to their homeland.","parent_id":"58c190f7f02945949ce5","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"58c190f7f02945949ce5:3","document_content":"# The Croods: A New Age\nAs the men are taken, the remaining Croods and Bettermans leave to rescue the men, but eventually get marooned on an island full of Wolf-Spiders, wolves with the characteristics of arachnids. During their time together, Hope finally snaps, lashing out on the Croods and running off. However, during an encounter with the Wolf-Spiders, she learns the error of her ways and accepts the Croods. When they learn the location of the men, they name themselves \\\"The Thunder Sisters\\\", after a female-exclusive clan Gran was in when she was younger. At the Punch Monkey home, Grug, Guy and Phil soon discover that Phil\\'s diversion of a river to irrigate his farm unknowingly deprived the Punch Monkeys of their water supply and that the Punch Monkeys need the bananas not only to eat, but to offer to a large primate monster called the Spiny Mandrilla in hopes of appeasing it. The Punch Monkeys make Grug and Phil fight gladiator-style to see who will be the sacrifice and when they wear each other out, they exchange their bitter feelings with each other, making Guy regret what he said during his and Eep\\'s fallout.\nSoon, the Punch Monkeys dress all three men as bananas to sacrifice to the giant Spiny Mandrilla. Grug and Phil apologize for their poor behavior, and for putting pressure on Guy, but just as they are about to be eaten, the Thunder Sisters show up to rescue them. A long and perilous battle ends with Guy and Eep on a giant skull-chandelier where they reconcile and use it to defeat the Spiny Mandrilla by using fire to sever the ropes and send the skull falling into the abyss below. The Spiny Mandrilla climbs back out of the depths and grabs Eep by her \\\"peanut toe\\\", which she uses as a prosthetic phalange, and pulls it off, sending the monster plummeting to its demise and allowing the families to escape.\nWith their differences finally settled, the Bettermans allow the Croods to live in their land as neighbors, with Guy realizing that Eep is his \\\"tomorrow\\\". Guy and Eep soon move into one of the Bettermans' bedrooms together, which Grug approves of, and the Punch Monkeys become their next door neighbors.","parent_id":"58c190f7f02945949ce5","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"58c190f7f02945949ce5:4","document_content":"# The Croods: A New Age\n- Nicolas Cage as Grug Crood, a caveman and the patriarch of the Croods.\n- Emma Stone as Eep Crood, a cave girl, Grug\\'s oldest daughter and Guy\\'s girlfriend.\n- Ryan Reynolds as Guy, a cave boy with an advanced modern mindset who lives with the Croods and is Eep\\'s boyfriend.\n  - Gabriel Jack voices a younger Guy.\n- Kelly Marie Tran as Dawn Betterman, Phil and Hope\\'s daughter and only child who befriends Eep and is Guy\\'s old friend.\n- Peter Dinklage as Phil Betterman, the patriarch of the Bettermans who had a history with Guy\\'s parents.\n- Leslie Mann as Hope Betterman, the matriarch of the Bettermans and Phil\\'s wife.\n- Catherine Keener as Ugga Crood, a cavewoman and Grug\\'s wife.\n- Clark Duke as Thunk Crood, a cave boy and Grug\\'s son.\n- Cloris Leachman as Gran, an old cavewoman who is Ugga\\'s mother and Eep, Thunk, and Sandy\\'s grandmother.\n- Kailey Crawford as Sandy Crood, a cave girl and Grug\\'s 5-year-old daughter. Her vocal effects were previously performed by Randy Thom in the last movie.\n- Chris Sanders as Belt, Guy\\'s pet sloth.\n- James Ryan as Sash, Dawn\\'s pet sloth.\n- Melissa Disney as Guy\\'s Mom, the unnamed mother of Guy who died in the tar pit.\n- Joel Crawford as Guy\\'s Dad, the unnamed father of Guy who died in the tar pit.\n- Januel Mercado as Shaman Monkey, the head of the Punch Monkeys.\n- Ryan Naylor as Creepo Monkey, a creepy-eyed member of the Punch Monkeys.\n- Artemis Pebdani as Additional voices\nADR group provided by Richard Gould, Januel Mercado, Ryan Naylor, James Ryan, Randy Thom and director Joel Crawford.","parent_id":"58c190f7f02945949ce5","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"58c190f7f02945949ce5:5","document_content":"# The Croods: A New Age\n### Development\nIn April 2013, DreamWorks Animation announced a sequel to the film *The Croods*, with Chris Sanders and Kirk DeMicco set to return as directors and writers. According to DeMicco, the sequel would focus on Ugga and motherhood, making it \\\"the first chapter of society,\\\" expanding on the first film, which he said is about \\\"the last chapter of the caveman.\\\"\nOn June 12, 2014, it was announced that the sequel would be released on November 3, 2017. On August 21, 2014, the film was pushed back to December 22, 2017. On August 9, 2016, nearing Comcast\\'s impending acquisition of DreamWorks Animation, 20th Century Fox removed the film from the release schedule. The film would be instead released by Universal Pictures sometime in 2018. On August 23, 2016, it was reported that Kevin and Dan Hageman were hired to rewrite the script.\nOn November 11, 2016, DreamWorks announced that production for the sequel was cancelled. According to reports, there had been doubts about proceeding with the project before Universal\\'s acquisition of DreamWorks, and it was DreamWorks\\' decision to cancel the film. However, in September 2017, DreamWorks and Universal revealed that the film was back in production with a release date scheduled for September 18, 2020. It was also revealed that both DeMicco and Sanders would not be returning. In October 2017, it was reported that Joel Crawford would replace them as director and Mark Swift would replace both the first film\\'s producers Jane Hartwell and Kristine Belson as the producer of the film. Production of the film was shifted to work remotely during the COVID-19 pandemic.","parent_id":"58c190f7f02945949ce5","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"58c190f7f02945949ce5:6","document_content":"# The Croods: A New Age\n### Casting\nIn September 2013, it had been confirmed that Nicolas Cage, Emma Stone, and Ryan Reynolds would reprise their roles in the sequel as Grug, Eep, and Guy from the first film. On May 21, 2015, Leslie Mann and Kat Dennings had joined the voice cast. Mann would lend her voice to an upscale mother of a rival family named Hope Betterman, while Dennings was set to voice her daughter, Dawn. It was also reported that Catherine Keener and Clark Duke were reprising their roles as Ugga and Thunk. In September 2017, it was confirmed that the original actors would reprise their roles. In October 2018, Peter Dinklage was cast in the film to voice the character Phil Betterman. In October 2019, DreamWorks revealed that Kelly Marie Tran had replaced Dennings as Dawn.\n\n### Music\nIn September 2020, it was announced that Mark Mothersbaugh had composed music for the sequel. The original 2013 feature was scored by Alan Silvestri.\n\n### Theatrical\n*The Croods: A New Age* was theatrically released in the United States on November 25, 2020, by Universal Pictures, which was then followed by a PVOD release on December 18. It was previously scheduled to be released on November 3, 2017, December 22, 2017, September 18, 2020, and December 23, 2020. The studio spent about \\$26.5 million promoting the film. In the United Kingdom, the film was released on July 16, 2021.\n\n### Home media\n*The Croods: A New Age* was released by Universal Pictures Home Entertainment on Digital HD and on DVD, Blu-ray, Blu-ray 3D and 4K Ultra HD on February 23, 2021. All the releases include two new short films *Family Movie Night: Little Red Bronana Bread* and *Dear Diary: World\\'s First Pranks*, the award-winning short *To: Gerard,* deleted scenes, an audio commentary and more. It was also released by Universal Sony Pictures Home Entertainment in Australia, along in a 2-movie pack with its 2013 film. It was also released on DVD and Blu-Ray on October 18, 2021, by Warner Bros.\u00a0Home Entertainment in the UK.","parent_id":"58c190f7f02945949ce5","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"58c190f7f02945949ce5:7","document_content":"# The Croods: A New Age\n### Box office and VOD\n, *The Croods: A New Age* has grossed \\$58.6 million in the United States and Canada, and \\$157.3 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of \\$215.9 million. It became the first animated film released during the COVID-19 pandemic and the first family film since *Sonic the Hedgehog* to break the \\$200 million mark.\nIn the United States, the film made \\$1.85 million from 2,211 theaters on its first day, \\$2.7 million on its second (a 47% increase, opposed to the normal 40% drop seen on Thanksgiving Day), then \\$4 million on its third. It went on to debut to \\$9.7 million in its opening weekend (a five-day total of \\$14.3 million), the biggest opening weekend since *Tenet* over two months prior. The film remained in first the following two weekends, grossing \\$4.4 million and \\$3 million, respectively. It was dethroned by *Monster Hunter* in its fourth weekend. That same weekend, the film was the most-rented on FandangoNow, Apple TV, and Google Play. In its fifth weekend the film grossed \\$1.7 million over the Christmas frame. It also remained number one on all digital rental platforms. IndieWire estimated the film had made about \\$20 million from PVOD sales up to that point (of which Universal would keep 80% of). The film continued to hold steady in subsequent weekends, and regained the top box office spot in its 12th week of release with \\$2.7 million.\nThe film earned \\$3 million on its opening day in China, which is the third biggest for a Hollywood film in 2020, behind *Tenet* and *Mulan*. It went on debut to \\$19.2 million in China, and a total of \\$21.6 million internationally. By its third weekend of release the film crossed \\$46 million (RMB 300 million) in China, becoming the second-biggest Hollywood title of the year in the country behind *Tenet* (\\$66.6 million). It made \\$3.2 million in its fourth weekend of international play, pushing its running total above \\$57 million.","parent_id":"58c190f7f02945949ce5","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"58c190f7f02945949ce5:8","document_content":"# The Croods: A New Age\n### Critical response\nCritics noted *The Croods: A New Age* as \\\"a decent-enough follow-up\\\" and commended the cast. On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, of critics\\' reviews of the film are positive, and an average rating of . The website\\'s critics consensus reads: \\\"Another agreeable outing for the titular prehistoric clan, *The Croods: A New Age* may be the missing link for parents between more elevated family-friendly fare.\\\" According to Metacritic, which calculated a weighted average score of 56 out of 100 based on 26 critics, the film received \\\"mixed or average reviews\\\". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of \\\"A\\\" on an A+ to F scale (the same score as the first film), and PostTrak reported 83% of those gave the film a positive score, with 59% saying they would definitely recommend it.","parent_id":"58c190f7f02945949ce5","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"58c190f7f02945949ce5:9","document_content":"# The Croods: A New Age\n### Critical response\nBen Kenigsberg of *The New York Times* gave a mixed-to-positive review, writing \\\"No one would call it a huge leap on the evolutionary ladder, but the animated sequel *The Croods: A New Age* is slightly funnier than its serviceable 2013 predecessor.\\\" Michael O\\'Sullivan of *The Washington Post* rated the film 2\/4 stars, describing it as a \\\"larky, slightly lunatic film\\\". Lindsey Bahr at *Associated Press* rated the film 2.5\/4, stating \\\"it might not be as novel as the first, but it\\'s essentially harmless, if a little chaotic, fun for kids and doesn\\'t need to be anything more than that\\\". Kate Erbland of *IndieWire* gave the film a \\\"C+\\\" and said, \\\"It\\'s a little silly, very colorful, and entertaining enough to deliver some good-hearted ideas that aren\\'t beholden to any period in time. Worth nearly a decade of push-pull to get here? Probably not, but on its own merits it\\'s a charming throwback\\\". Alonso Duralde of *TheWrap* gave the film a positive review and wrote, \\\"You may never have thought you needed or even wanted a sequel to *The Croods*, but you may find it a pleasant surprise in a year where most of the surprises have been anything but.\\\"\nIn 2021, LA Weekly placed it in the \\\"Top 10\\\" list.\n\n### Accolades\n`Award`\n`Date\u00a0of\u00a0ceremony`\n`Category`\n`Recipient(s)`\n`Result`\n`American\u00a0Cinema\u00a0Editors\u00a0Awards`\n`April\u00a017,\u00a02021`\n`Best\u00a0Edited\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature\u00a0Film`\n`James\u00a0Ryan`\n`Annie\u00a0Awards`\n`April\u00a016,\u00a02021`\n`Best\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature`\n`Mark\u00a0Swift`\n`Best\u00a0Animated\u00a0Effects\u00a0in\u00a0an\u00a0Animated\u00a0Production`\n`Amaury\u00a0Aubel,\u00a0Domin\u00a0Lee,\u00a0Alex\u00a0Timchenko,\u00a0Andrew\u00a0Wheeler\u00a0and\u00a0Derek\u00a0Cheung\u00a0`\n`Best\u00a0Character\u00a0Animation\u00a0in\u00a0a\u00a0Feature\u00a0Production`\n`Rani\u00a0Naamani\u00a0`\n`Best\u00a0Character\u00a0Design\u00a0in\u00a0a\u00a0Feature\u00a0Production`\n`Joe\u00a0Pitt`\n`Best\u00a0Storyboarding\u00a0in\u00a0a\u00a0Feature\u00a0Production`\n`Evon\u00a0Freeman`\n`Best\u00a0Voice\u00a0Acting\u00a0in\u00a0a\u00a0Feature\u00a0Production`\n`Nicolas\u00a0Cage\u00a0as\u00a0Grug`\n`Art\u00a0Directors\u00a0Guild\u00a0Awards`\n`April\u00a010,\u00a02021`","parent_id":"58c190f7f02945949ce5","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"58c190f7f02945949ce5:10","document_content":"# The Croods: A New Age\n### Accolades\n`Excellence\u00a0in\u00a0Production\u00a0Design\u00a0for\u00a0an\u00a0Animated\u00a0Film`\n`Nate\u00a0Wragg`\n`Cinema\u00a0Audio\u00a0Society\u00a0Awards`\n`April\u00a017,\u00a02021`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Achievement\u00a0in\u00a0Sound\u00a0Mixing\u00a0for\u00a0a\u00a0Motion\u00a0Picture\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Animated`\n`Tighe\u00a0Sheldon,\u00a0Christopher\u00a0Scarabosio,\u00a0Leff\u00a0Lefferts,\u00a0Alan\u00a0Meyerson,\u00a0Richard\u00a0Duarte\u00a0and\u00a0Scott\u00a0Curtis`\n`Golden\u00a0Globe\u00a0Awards`\n`February\u00a028,\u00a02021`\n`Best\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature\u00a0Film`\n`Joel\u00a0Crawford`\n`Hollywood\u00a0Music\u00a0in\u00a0Media\u00a0Awards`\n`January\u00a027,\u00a02021`\n`Best\u00a0Original\u00a0Score\u00a0in\u00a0an\u00a0Animated\u00a0Film`\n`Mark\u00a0Mothersbaugh`\n`Best\u00a0Original\u00a0Song\u00a0in\u00a0an\u00a0Animated\u00a0Film`\n`\"Feel\u00a0the\u00a0Thunder\"\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Alana\u00a0Haim,\u00a0Danielle\u00a0Haim,\u00a0Este\u00a0Haim\u00a0and\u00a0Ariel\u00a0Rechtshaid`\n`Motion\u00a0Picture\u00a0Sound\u00a0Editors\u00a0Awards`\n`April\u00a016,\u00a02021`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Achievement\u00a0in\u00a0Sound\u00a0Editing\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Feature\u00a0Animation`\n`Brian\u00a0Chumney,\u00a0Leff\u00a0Lefferts,\u00a0Randy\u00a0Thom,\u00a0Rick\u00a0Hromadka,\u00a0Dominick\u00a0Certo,\u00a0Pascal\u00a0Garneau,\u00a0Mac\u00a0Smith,\u00a0Doug\u00a0Winningham,\u00a0Dee\u00a0Selby,\u00a0Jonathan\u00a0Greber,\u00a0Ronni\u00a0Brown,\u00a0Shelley\u00a0Roden,\u00a0John\u00a0Roesch\u00a0and\u00a0Janna\u00a0Vance`\n`Nickelodeon\u00a0Kids'\u00a0Choice\u00a0Awards`\n`March\u00a013,\u00a02021`\n`Favorite\u00a0Animated\u00a0Movie`\n*`The Croods: A New Age`*\n`Favorite\u00a0Voice\u00a0from\u00a0an\u00a0Animated\u00a0Movie`\n`Ryan\u00a0Reynolds`\n`Emma\u00a0Stone`\n`Visual\u00a0Effects\u00a0Society\u00a0Awards`\n`April\u00a06,\u00a02021`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Visual\u00a0Effects\u00a0in\u00a0an\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature`\n`Joel\u00a0Crawford,\u00a0Mark\u00a0Swift,\u00a0Betsyf\u00a0Nofsinger\u00a0and\u00a0Jakob\u00a0Hjort\u00a0Jensen`\nA follow-up animated series, titled *The Croods: Family Tree*, was announced and set to be released simultaneously on Peacock and Hulu on September 23, 2021. Tran reprises her role as Dawn, while A. J. Locascio reprises his role as Thunk from *Dawn of the Croods*. The new voice cast features Amy Landecker as Ugga, Kiff VandenHeuvel as Grug, Ally Dixon as Eep, Artemis Pebdani as Gran, Darin Brooks as Guy, Matthew Waterson as Phil, and Amy Rosoff as Hope.","parent_id":"58c190f7f02945949ce5","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"9c0fee63400bbd4065d3:0","document_content":"# She's Funny That Way (film)\n***She\\'s Funny That Way*** is a 2014 screwball comedy film directed by Peter Bogdanovich and co-written with Louise Stratten. It stars Owen Wilson, Imogen Poots, Kathryn Hahn, Will Forte, Rhys Ifans, and Jennifer Aniston. It marked the first feature film Bogdanovich directed in 13 years since *The Cat\\'s Meow*.\nIt received a limited release in the United States and was released through video on demand on August 21, 2015, by Lionsgate Premiere.\nBroadway director Arnold Albertson---under the alias \\\"Derek\\\"---hires \\\"Glo Stick\\\", a call girl whose real name is Izzy Patterson, despite being married with two children. Izzy dreams of becoming an actress, and \\\"Derek\\\" offers her \\$30,000 to quit being a call girl and pursue her true goal. She is not the first escort he has done this for. Lead actor Seth Gilbert sees Arnold kissing Izzy as she leaves his hotel room.\nArnold\\'s wife Delta Simmons is the star of his new play *A Grecian Evening*. Izzy, keeping her promise to \\\"Derek\\\", shows up to audition for a part in the play as a call girl, unaware that Derek\/Arnold is the director. Impressed, playwright Joshua Fleet becomes attracted to Izzy and invites her out to dinner, despite the fact that he is dating Jane Claremont, who happens to be Izzy\\'s therapist. Meanwhile, Judge Pendergast is another client of Izzy\\'s, and also a patient of Jane. He is obsessed with Izzy, and hires private investigator Harold Fleet, who happens to be Joshua\\'s father, to follow her.\nAfter the auditions, everyone ends up at the same Italian restaurant. Harold sees Izzy with his son Joshua. Jane arrives with her client Judge Pendergast---who both see Joshua with Izzy. Jane punches Joshua in the face and storms out the restaurant, quickly pursued by Judge Pendergast. Izzy sees Arnold and tries to escape out of the bathroom window, but Delta catches her and brings her back into the restaurant. Izzy\\'s cover is almost blown when Seth arrives with a co-worker of Izzy\\'s.","parent_id":"9c0fee63400bbd4065d3","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"9c0fee63400bbd4065d3:1","document_content":"# She's Funny That Way (film)\nAlthough Arnold is initially unsure, Izzy is eventually given the role. While shopping, Delta discovers that Arnold has been hiring escorts when Margie, another former escort Arnold helped, thanks him profusely and indiscreetly. Joshua learns about Izzy when Judge Pendergast confronts the two of them while they are on a date; she runs off before he can talk to her. Arnold invites Izzy back to his hotel room to talk. Delta turns to Seth, who has long professed his love for her, for comfort, but finds another call girl hiding in his bathroom. She then storms into Arnold\\'s room, only to find Izzy hiding in his bathroom.\nEveryone shows up to the first table read the next day, despite the tension. Delta makes a point of kissing Seth passionately while rehearsing. Izzy\\'s father shows up looking for the men who paid his daughter for sex. Jane shows up to cause a scene, and identifies Arnold, Seth, and Joshua as Izzy\\'s clients. During the commotion, Seth and Jane catch each others\\' eye.\nThe play opens to great acclaim. In an interview some time later, Izzy says that it closed in a week because wives from Long Island are not interested in seeing a play about call girls. Nevertheless, she caught the attention of a man from Hollywood, and has achieved success as a film actress since. She and Joshua broke up; she is now dating Quentin Tarantino. Seth and Jane are still dating. Judge Pendergast was arrested for solicitation; his wife is now dating Harold Fleet. Arnold now works for a charity giving large sums of money to women\\'s causes.\n\n### Cameo appearances\n- Tatum O\\'Neal\n- Jake Hoffman\n- Graydon Carter\n- Quentin Tarantino\n- Michael Shannon","parent_id":"9c0fee63400bbd4065d3","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"9c0fee63400bbd4065d3:2","document_content":"# She's Funny That Way (film)\n### Development\n*She\\'s Funny That Way* originated from a script written by director Peter Bogdanovich and ex-wife Louise Stratten around 1999 and 2000. Bogdanovich and Stratten, who were in financial distress at the time trying to buy back *They All Laughed* (1981), decided to write a comedy to uplift their spirits. While writing the script, Bogdanovich was inspired by an incident in Singapore during the time he was filming *Saint Jack* in 1978, where he was able to talk to many prostitutes after hiring them for his film. He would give them more money than their salary for them to leave the prostitution business. The script was originally titled *Squirrels to the Nuts*, but due to many people misinterpreting it as a children\\'s film, Bogdanovich changed it to *She\\'s Funny That Way*. (\\\"Squirrels to the Nuts\\\" is a line used frequently in the film, lifted from the 1946 film *Cluny Brown*.) Bogdanovich originally wrote the role of Arnold Albertson for John Ritter, but due to his death, he shelved the project. Bogdanovich later became friends with Owen Wilson, introduced to him by Wes Anderson, and he decided to change aspects of the character of Albertson: all of the physical gags intended for Ritter were changed to verbal jokes to suit Wilson. In 2010, Bogdanovich\\'s prot\u00e9g\u00e9s---Anderson and Noah Baumbach---offered their backing to get the film made, agreeing to serve as executive producers.","parent_id":"9c0fee63400bbd4065d3","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"9c0fee63400bbd4065d3:3","document_content":"# She's Funny That Way (film)\n### Casting\nWhen the script was originally written, Bogdanovich envisioned John Ritter, Cybill Shepherd and co-writer Louise Stratten in the lead roles. In 2012, when the film was officially announced, Wilson, Brie Larson, and Olivia Wilde were signed on in lead roles. Larson was to play the call girl-turned-ingenue actress and Wilde would play the role of her therapist. Jason Schwartzman was also rumored to be in negotiations to play Wilde\\'s playwright boyfriend. Due to production delays, Wilson is the only actor to remain with the project. In February 2013, it was announced that Jennifer Aniston would replace Wilde in the role of the therapist, the same time Kathryn Hahn, Cybill Shepherd, and Eugene Levy were announced as cast members. Aniston was initially offered the part of Delta Simmons, Arnold Albertson\\'s wife, but she favored the role of the therapist, in which she was cast. Despite the commencement of filming on July 11, 2013, Imogen Poots and Richard Lewis were announced for roles of the ingenue and her father on July 22, with Will Forte taking the role of a playwright two days later. The same week, the casting of Joanna Lumley, Debi Mazar, Rhys Ifans, Lucy Punch, Ahna O\\'Reilly, and Jake Hoffman was set.\n\n### Filming\nPrincipal photography lasted 29 days, commencing on July 11, 2013, in New York City.\n\n### Music\nOn July 15, 2014, Edward Shearmur was hired to score the music for the film, replacing Stephen Endelman, who had already recorded music for the film by the time of the announcement.\n*She\\'s Funny That Way* premiered at the 71st Venice International Film Festival on August 29, 2014. On September 12, it was bought by Clarius Entertainment at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival. A screening at the Tokyo International Film Festival was scheduled for late October. In January 2015, the film was screened to the Palm Springs International Film Festival.","parent_id":"9c0fee63400bbd4065d3","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"9c0fee63400bbd4065d3:4","document_content":"# She's Funny That Way (film)\n### Music\nThe film was originally scheduled for a May 1, 2015, release in theaters nationwide, but Clarius Entertainment pulled the film from the schedule. However, on June 2, 2015, Lionsgate Premiere acquired the film after Clarius Entertainment dropped the film for unknown reasons. The film was released in the United States on August 21, 2015, in select theaters and through video on demand.\nIn 2020, a copy of Bogdanovich\\'s original cut of the film, still titled *Squirrels to the Nuts,* was found on eBay. In the wake of Bogdanovich\\'s death in January 2022, the cut was shown at New York\\'s Museum of Modern Art beginning on March 28, 2022.\nThe film received mixed reviews from American critics. Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a score of 44%, based on reviews from 96 critics, with an average rating of 5.27\/10. The site\\'s critical consensus states: \\\"*She\\'s Funny That Way* is an affectionate, talent-filled throwback to screwball comedies of old---which makes it even more frustrating that the laughs are disappointingly few and far between.\\\" Metacritic gives the film a score of 45 out of 100, based on reviews from 25 critics, indicating \\\"mixed or average reviews\\\".\n\n### Accolades\n`Accolade`\n`Category`\n`Recipient`\n`Result`\n`Ref`\nJupiter Award\nBest International Actress\nJennifer Aniston","parent_id":"9c0fee63400bbd4065d3","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a14259f0b48d53750c39:0","document_content":"# The Rebel (1932 film)\n***The Rebel*** () is a 1932 German historical drama film directed by Curtis Bernhardt, Edwin H. Knopf, and Luis Trenker and starring Trenker, Luise Ullrich, and Victor Varconi. The film\\'s art direction was by Fritz Maurischat. It was made by the German subsidiary of Universal Pictures, with location shooting in Austria and St.\u00a0Moritz, Switzerland. Interior scenes were filmed at the Tempelhof Studios. A separate English language version *The Rebel* was released the following year. The film is part of the Mountain film genre.\nTrenker stated that the film\\'s plotline of a Tyrolean mountaineer Severin Anderlan leading a revolt against occupying French forces in 1809, during the Napoleonic Wars. The greatest Tirolean patriot Andreas Hofer was a proto-type of \\\"Severin Anderlan\\\" (both died in the same year!).. Trenker was designed to mirror what was happening in contemporary Germany as it rejected the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. In 1933 there was published Luis Trenker\\'s novel, *Der Rebell. Ein Freiheitsroman aus den Bergen Tirols*.\nTrenker later made a second film about the Tyrolean Rebellion *The Fire Devil* in 1940.","parent_id":"a14259f0b48d53750c39","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1fa4e379299ebea7c1af:0","document_content":"# Witch from Nepal\n***Witch from Nepal*** (\u5947\u7de3) is a 1986 Hong Kong supernatural film directed by Ching Siu-tung. The film stars Chow Yun-fat as Joe Wong, an architect on vacation in Nepal with his girlfriend, Ida (Yammie Lam). Joe injures his leg as in a hospital where he has dreams of a beautiful woman with magical powers. Joe is later in a hospital in Hong Kong with his leg infected, finding that the woman from his visions named Sheila (Emily Chu) magically heals him. Sheila is a good witch who gets Joe to return to Nepal to fight a cat-like demon with supernatural powers.","parent_id":"1fa4e379299ebea7c1af","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1fa4e379299ebea7c1af:1","document_content":"# Witch from Nepal\nThe film was part of a trend of supernatural film productions from Hong Kong about Chinese tourists in exotic South Asian locations. It grossed \\$4.2 million Hong Kong dollars on its theatrical run in Hong Kong. The film was nominated for two awards at the 6th Hong Kong Film Awards, where director Chin Siu-tung won the Best Action Choreography Award.\nWhile on vacation in Nepal, Joe Wong (Chow Yun-fat) and his girlfriend, Ida (Yammie Lam), ride an elephant when Joe falls and hurts his knee and is sent to a hospital. In a local hospital, Joe has visions of a beautiful veiled woman with mystical powers. Joe\\'s leg later becomes infected and he finds himself in a hospital in Hong Kong, and finds the woman from his dreams earlier named Sheila (Emily Chu) magically healing his legs and granting him superhuman powers such as the ability to make large leaps through the air. Sheila reveals to Joe that she is a witch and that he has become a chosen one, to help defeat a demon for a Himalayan tribe who had their temple destroyed by the creature. Joe and Sheila begin to have an affair. Joe eventually meets up with the demon (Dick Wei) and the two have a clash at a temple. Sheila eventually sacrifices herself to save both Joe and Ida.\n*Witch from Nepal* was director Ching Siu-tung\\'s second film as a director after *Duel to the Death* (1983).\n*Witch from Nepal* follows a trend of Hong Kong films at the time to have a plot about Chinese tourists in exotic South Asian locations such as Nepal, Thailand or Borneo such as *The Seventh Curse*. The film is a mixture of genres that include gothic horror, romance, comedy and mystery.\n*Witch from Nepal* was released in Hong Kong on 27 February 1986. grossed a total of HK\\$4,285,113 The film has been released under several different English titles including *The Nepal Affair*, *Affair from Nepal* and *A Touch of Love*.\nAt the 6th Hong Kong Film Awards, the film was nominated for Best Art Direction (James Leung) and Best Film Editing (Peter Cheung). Ching Siu-tung (Along with other three choreographers such as Philip Kwok, Alan Chui Chung-San and Lau Chi Hou) won the award for Best Action Choreography, beating other films nominees including *Righting Wrongs* and *Peking Opera Blues*.\n\n### References\n-","parent_id":"1fa4e379299ebea7c1af","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"4402f4e7deeb49399a0a:0","document_content":"# Bird Box (film)\n***Bird Box*** is a 2018 American post-apocalyptic horror thriller film directed by Susanne Bier and written by Eric Heisserer, based on the 2014 novel of the same name by Josh Malerman. The film follows the character Malorie Hayes, played by Sandra Bullock, as she tries to protect herself and two children from entities which cause people who look at them to die by suicide.\n*Bird Box* had its world premiere at the AFI Fest on November 12, 2018, and began a limited release on December 14, before streaming worldwide on Netflix on December 21, 2018. The film received mixed reviews from critics and went on to become the most-watched film on Netflix within 28 days of release.\nIn a post-apocalyptic world, Malorie Hayes informs two young children that they will go down a river in a rowboat. She sternly instructs them not to remove their blindfolds, or they will die.\nFive years earlier, a pregnant Malorie is visited by her sister, Jessica. A television news report about unexplained mass suicides begins spreading across Europe and Asia. After a prenatal checkup, Malorie witnesses a woman smashing her head repeatedly into the hospital window. Others start behaving suicidally as well, causing panic and chaos. Afterward, Malorie hurries to leave the scene with Jessica. While steering away from the hospital, Jessica sees something inexplicable that drives her insane and deliberately crashes her car. She then walks in front of a speeding truck, killing herself.\nAs Malorie flees on foot, a woman invites her into a house for safety. The woman then sees the entity before going into a trance and sitting inside a burning car. A passerby, Tom, picks up Malorie from the street into the house, where six other people are taking shelter. One survivor, Charlie, says that humanity has been judged, and the appearance of demonic entities is the sign of end game. He also mentions that those spiritual beings have different names in various cultures, such as Aka Manah, Surgat, Huli Jing, and P\u00faca. Those in the house cover all the windows and blindfold themselves whenever they go out. Greg, the house\\'s owner, commits suicide after volunteering to test if it is safe to observe them indirectly through surveillance cameras.","parent_id":"4402f4e7deeb49399a0a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"4402f4e7deeb49399a0a:1","document_content":"# Bird Box (film)\nA new pregnant survivor, Olympia, arrives. Half of the group goes to the grocery store Charlie worked at to restock their dwindling food. They drive there in a blacked-out car using GPS navigation system. Malorie gets three pet birds along with their supplies. She notices the entities\\' presence agitates the birds. Later, Charlie\\'s coworker attacks the group, attempting to force them to look at the creatures. However, Charlie sacrifices himself to save the others. They make it back to the house. Sometime after, Felix and Lucy steal the car and drive away.\nOlympia lets a stranger named Gary into the house against Douglas\\'s wishes. Cheryl knocks Douglas out, and the others lock him in the garage. As Olympia and Malorie go into labor simultaneously, Gary works on drawings of the creatures he has seen before. He knocks Tom unconscious and opens the garage door, exposing Douglas to the entities. Gary goes upstairs and rips all the windows\\' blinds. Olympia fails to look away, and after witnessing the creature, she dives out the window, killing herself. Malorie hides with both newborn babies under a cover while Gary forces Cheryl to look at the entities, causing her to stab herself in the neck with a pair of scissors. Douglas escapes the garage and blindly attempts to kill Gary with a shotgun, wounding him in the process, but Gary kills him with the scissors. Tom begins to recuperate shortly after, fighting Gary over the gun. After Malorie hears a few gunshots, Tom approaches her to say everything is fine.\nFive years later, Tom and Malorie live together with the children, called \\\"Boy\\\" and \\\"Girl\\\". They receive transmissions from survivors informing them of a safe community hidden in the forest, accessible only by boat along the river. As they leave their house, a group of unblindfolded survivors attacks them. Tom distracts the assailants so Malorie and the children can flee. He uncovers his eyes and shoots all the attackers, but after seeing the entities, he kills himself.","parent_id":"4402f4e7deeb49399a0a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"4402f4e7deeb49399a0a:2","document_content":"# Bird Box (film)\nMalorie and the children go blindfolded down the river on a boat, carrying the birds to warn them of the entities. They encounter several obstacles, including an unblindfolded survivor and river rapids. Soon after the three reach shore, they are separated when Malorie accidentally slides down a hill. The entities use Malorie\\'s voice to trick the kids into taking off their blindfolds. Malorie regains consciousness and tells the children where to find her. They eventually reach the community, a former school for the blind. Malorie releases the birds and finally gives the children names, Tom and Olympia, admitting that she is their mother.\n\n### Development\nThe film rights to *Bird Box* were optioned by Universal Pictures in 2013, prior to the book\\'s release. Scott Stuber and Chris Morgan were set to produce the film, with Andy Muschietti attached as director. Eric Heisserer was in negotiations to write the script. In July 2017, after Stuber became head of the feature film division of Netflix, it was announced that Netflix had acquired the rights to the book and would develop the film, with Sandra Bullock and John Malkovich starring. Susanne Bier was announced as the director.\n\n### Casting\nIn July 2017, Sandra Bullock and John Malkovich were cast in the film as Malorie Hayes and Douglas. In October 2017, Danielle Macdonald, Trevante Rhodes, Jacki Weaver, Sarah Paulson, Rosa Salazar, Lil Rel Howery, and Amy Gumenick joined the cast. In November 2017, Machine Gun Kelly and David Dastmalchian were also added.\n\n### Filming\nPrincipal photography began in California in October 2017. Wilderness scenes were shot on the Smith River in the far northern part of the state. The house exterior is from a place in Monrovia. Filming partially took place in Santa Cruz, and the final scene was shot at Scripps College in Claremont.\nThe production used live birds during filming as much as possible, replacing them digitally for sequences when they became \\\"agitated\\\".","parent_id":"4402f4e7deeb49399a0a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"4402f4e7deeb49399a0a:3","document_content":"# Bird Box (film)\n### Filming\nThe film uses footage of the Lac-M\u00e9gantic rail disaster, which caused the death of 47 people in the town of Lac-M\u00e9gantic, Quebec, on July 6, 2013. The stock footage was purchased from a vendor and Netflix stated it would stay in the movie even after a request to remove it from survivors of the disaster. Netflix later removed the footage and replaced with an outtake from a canceled U.S. TV series. The same footage was also used in another Netflix production, *Travelers*, but has since been removed.\n\n### Visual effects\nThe visual effects were created by Industrial Light & Magic and supervised by Marcus Taormina.\n\n### Music\nTrent Reznor and Atticus Ross (of Nine Inch Nails) were hired to score the film. The soundtrack album itself was released about two weeks after the release of the film, on January 1, 2019. It was first released for sale only on Nine Inch Nails\\'s website, and later on iTunes, Apple Music, Spotify and other platforms. The released version consisted of ten tracks, totalling an hour and six minutes of music. In a statement on the Nine Inch Nails website, Reznor said:\nThe full version of the soundtrack was released on November 22, 2019, exclusively on a special edition vinyl box set (with a digital download at purchase). The full version contains 13 more tracks and an extra hour of music, resulting in a two-hour (plus six minutes), 23-track album.\nIn December 2019, Reznor criticized *Bird Box* producers over their use of his and Ross\\'s music, and the film editor over making an inadequately low mix of the music in the film, calling the experience a \\\"fucking waste of time\\\".\nThe film had its world premiere at the AFI Fest on November 12, 2018. However, due to the Woolsey Fire that hit California and out of respect for the victims of the Thousand Oaks shooting, Netflix cancelled AFI Fest\\'s red carpet coverage scheduled for the premiere. The film began a limited theatrical run on December 14, 2018, before streaming on Netflix on December 21, 2018.","parent_id":"4402f4e7deeb49399a0a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"4402f4e7deeb49399a0a:4","document_content":"# Bird Box (film)\n### Critical response\nOn review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of based on reviews, with an average rating of . The website\\'s critical consensus reads, \\\"*Bird Box* never quite reaches its intriguing potential, but strong acting and an effectively chilly mood offer intermittently creepy compensation.\\\" On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 51 out of 100, based on 26 critics, indicating \\\"mixed or average reviews\\\".\nBrian Tallerico from *RogerEbert.com* said, \\\"Most of the problems with *Bird Box* come back to a thin screenplay, one that too often gives its characters flat, expository dialogue and then writes itself into a corner with a climax that\\'s just silly when it needs to be tense.\\\" Amy Nicholson, in a review for British newspaper *The Guardian*, gave a negative appraisal, awarding the film two out of five stars and concluding that \\\"as the film staggers on in its quest to give us entertainment satisfaction or death, we\\'re tempted to with the movie\\'s first victim, a woman in a tracksuit banging her head against the glass, ready to get this painful sight over with.\\\" Writing for *Forbes*, Sarah Aswell described the movie as one \\\"that embraces everything about the (horror genre) formula, both good and bad---this movie has moments of true, delightful, fright, but it also has some of the corniness and shallowness that many horror movies can\\'t shake.\\\" Aisha Harris of *The New York Times* found the film occasionally riveting but overall disappointing.","parent_id":"4402f4e7deeb49399a0a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"4402f4e7deeb49399a0a:5","document_content":"# Bird Box (film)\n### Audience viewership\nAccording to Nielsen, *Bird Box* was watched by nearly 26 million viewers in its first seven days of release in the United States. It also revealed that a significant part of its audience were young -- aged 18 to 34 (36%) -- female (57%), and either African American (24%) or Latino (22%). Netflix also released its own viewing figure that gave a worldwide audience of more than 45 million in seven days, with views defined by the company as the film streaming for over 70 percent of its time. The viewing figure was claimed to be the best ever for a Netflix film. This audience figure released by Netflix was met with skepticism from some analysts, who cited a lack of independent verification of the view count. In July 2020, Netflix revealed the film had in-fact been watched by 89 million households over its first four weeks of release, the second-most ever for one of their original films. A Barclays study deduced that, had the film received a traditional theatrical release, it would have grossed about \\$98 million worldwide. *Bird Box* became the most-watched film on Netflix within 28 days of its release, with 282.02 million hours being viewed. It retained this position until being displaced by *Red Notice* in 2021.\n\n### Accolades\n`Award`\n`Date\u00a0of\u00a0ceremony`\n`Category`\n`Recipient(s)\u00a0and\u00a0nominee(s)`\n`Result`\n`Visual\u00a0Effects\u00a0Society\u00a0Awards`\n`February\u00a05,\u00a02019`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Supporting\u00a0Visual\u00a0Effects\u00a0in\u00a0a\u00a0Photoreal\u00a0Feature`\n`Marcus\u00a0Taormina,\u00a0David\u00a0Robinson,\u00a0Mark\u00a0Bakowski,\u00a0Sophie\u00a0Dawes\u00a0and\u00a0Mike\u00a0Meinardus`\n`Artios\u00a0Awards`\n`January\u00a030,\u00a02020`\n`Film\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Non-Theatrical\u00a0Release`\n`Mary\u00a0Vernieu,\u00a0Michelle\u00a0Wade\u00a0Byrd\u00a0and\u00a0Jina\u00a0Jay`","parent_id":"4402f4e7deeb49399a0a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"4402f4e7deeb49399a0a:6","document_content":"# Bird Box (film)\n### Accolades\nIn Australia, Netflix originally partnered with four Twitch streamers in performing what they called a *Bird Box* challenge, in which they would play some popular video games while blindfolded. However, the challenge became widely mimicked on the Internet by individuals wearing blindfolds while trying to do ordinary activities, causing injuries to some. In response, Netflix released several messages over social media advising people not to undertake the challenge or hurt themselves. Nevertheless, in January 2019, a 17-year-old girl in a blindfold taking part in the craze drove into oncoming traffic in Utah and crashed her car, prompting state police to issue the same warning as Netflix. YouTube has responded to this issue by updating its community guidelines, and warns content creators not to put minors in harmful situations that may lead to injury, including dangerous stunts, dares, or pranks.\nIn July 2020, it was announced that a sequel is in development. In March 2021, it was revealed that the feature would be receiving a Spanish-language spin-off film from writers Alex and David Pastor as \\\"the first of multiple local-language *Bird Box* spinoffs\\\" set in the same universe.\n- Blood List","parent_id":"4402f4e7deeb49399a0a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1f0d8513e44857d229a6:0","document_content":"# Once Upon a Time in Vietnam\n***Once Upon a Time in Vietnam*** () is a 2013 Vietnamese action fantasy film directed by and starring Dustin Nguyen along with Roger Yuan. It was released on August 22, 2013. This is the first Vietnamese action fantasy film.\n- Dustin Nguyen as Dao\n- Roger Yuan as Long\n- Thanh Van Ngo as Anh\n- Thai Hoa as Hien\n- Nguyen Hoang Quan as Hung\n- Ngoc Diep as Van\n- Hieu Hien as Huy\n- Phi Thanh V\u00e2n as Lan\n- Xuan Phat as Mr.\u00a0Tinh\n- Jason Ninh Cao as General\n- Bui Van Hai as Deserter\n- My Le as Teacher\n- Kieu Mai Ly as Neighbor\n- Diem Trinh as Neighbor\n- Quang Hieu as Monk\n- Nguyen Hau as Man on truck\n- Le Kham as Man on truck","parent_id":"1f0d8513e44857d229a6","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d2644f75977e9261442a:0","document_content":"# Maazii\n**Maazii** () is an Indian bollywood film, directed by Jaideep Chopra and produced by Jaideep Chopra & Narendra Singh. The title Maazii is an Urdu word meaning \\\"the past\\\".\n- Sumeet Nijhawan as Tarun Singh\n- Mona Wasu as Shrishti Singh\n- Manish Chaudhary as Gulab Singh\n- Pankaj Tripathi as Satinder Rathi\n- Mohammed Zeeshan Ayyub as Ashfaq\n- Manav Kaushik as Satinder Bhati\n- Zakir Hussain as Mahinder Singh\n- Mukesh Rishi as Malhaan Singh\n- Ashok Banthia as Satbeer Singh\n- Devender Chaudhary as Rajinder Chaudhary\n- Mohit Chauhan as Sushil Jain\n- Pooja Bisht as Shanno\n- Saanvi Sharma as Minal\n- Vansh Chopra as Young Tarun","parent_id":"d2644f75977e9261442a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d2644f75977e9261442a:1","document_content":"# Maazii\nMaazii is essentially a thriller that travels from the hills of Mussoorie to the plains of western UP. It is a story about a couple Tarun (Sumit Nijhawan) and Shrishti (Mona Wasu) who have a near perfect relationship. However, by a twist of fate, an unfortunate accident occurs which brings Tarun\\'s life into the limelight and turns him into a hero overnight.\nThe events that follow not only shatter the peaceful life of the family but also put them in grave danger. But when his daughter, Minal (Saanvi Sharma) is kidnapped at the hands of an unknown assailant, Tarun will stop at nothing to get her back safely. He must now return to his roots and find out who is wreaking havoc in his life and what is the motive behind it.\nThis movie is a remake of the English movie A History of Violence (2005).\nThe first half of the film was shot in the scenic locations of Mussourie and Dehradun, and the second half was mostly shot in the rustic and raw locations of Meerut. The flashback portion of the film was filmed in Rao Raj Vilas fort of Jat Jagirdar of Kuchesar, near Meerut. The shooting was completed within the pre-decided schedule of 31 days from 29 October to 2 November 2012. The production budget was around Rs. Four Crores.\nThe film was released across the country on 27 September 2013. However, being a debutorial venture without any big names attached to it, despite great critical acclaim, *Maazii* failed to get many screens. It was re-released in cinemas on 11 October 2013. In 2019, Maazii was released on Prime Video.\nDespite being Jaideep Chopra\\'s debut directorial, *Maazii* received good critical acclaim and his work as a director was appreciated. Renowned critic Subhash K. Jha, called it \\\"the shocking surprise of the season.\\\" He also stated that Maazii \\\"takes us back to the stylish thrillers of B.R. Chopra like Dhund and Ittefaq. Debutant Jaideep Chopra\\'s film is well-crafted and thoughtfully scripted. It\\'s an original idea executed in a gripping language. Worth a dekko for its suspenseful aura.\\\"","parent_id":"d2644f75977e9261442a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d2644f75977e9261442a:2","document_content":"# Maazii\nRohit Vats from IBN7 gave *Maazii* a rating of 4\/5 stars and was all praises for the film. He claimed that *Maazii* shows \\\"a glimpse of the latent potential of the gangster genre\\\" and was \\\"not to be missed\\\" India Today\\'s Faheem Ruhani mentioned in his review that \\\"Director Jaideep Chopra\\'s debut directorial Maazii is that pleasant surprise which hits you once in a while.\\\"\n\\\"Maazii\\\" was also listed as one of the 10 \\\"small films\/non-star cast films that made it big\\\" in 2013 in an article in DNA newspaper.\nDespite good critic reviews, the film was not given many screens. In an interview, the producers of the film reported that several multiplex chains had demanded money in return for giving them shows. This led to a wave of controversy with several other producers and directors coming forward to claim that they had faced similar extortion at the hands of multiplex chains.\nThe music score of the film was composed by the duo Faizan Hussain-Agnel Roman, *Maazii* being their first commercial film album. Faizan Hussain is the nephew of tabla maestro Ustad Zakir Hussain. Lyrics for the album were written by Swanand Kirkire and Arun Kumar. The preparation for the songs and selection of music started as early as May 2012. Recording of the songs began in October 2012.\nThe music album was launched on 30 August 2013.\n`Award`\n`Category`\n`Recipients\u00a0and\u00a0Nominees`\n`Outcome`\n`IBN\u00a0LIVE\u00a0Film\u00a0Awards\u00a0`\n`Best\u00a0Independent\u00a0Film\u00a02013\u00a0`\n`Jaideep\u00a0Chopra\u00a0for\u00a0Maazii\u00a0`\n`Won`\n`Dada\u00a0Saheb\u00a0Phalke\u00a0Film\u00a0Festival\u00a02014`\n`Best\u00a0Film\u00a0Category`\n`Jaideep\u00a0Chopra\u00a0for\u00a0Maazii`\n`Official\u00a0Selection\/Nomination`\n`Sunset\u00a0Film\u00a0Festival\u00a0Los\u00a0Angeles\u00a02014`\n`Foreign\u00a0Film\u00a0Category`\n`Jaideep\u00a0Chopra\u00a0for\u00a0Maazii`\n`Won\u00a0\"Honorable\u00a0Mention\"`\n`Indie\u00a0Film\u00a0Fest\u00a0California\u00a02014`\n`Foreign\u00a0Independent\u00a0Film\u00a0Category`\n`Jaideep\u00a0Chopra\u00a0for\u00a0Maazii`\n`Won\u00a0\"Award\u00a0of\u00a0Merit\"`\n`Indian\u00a0Cine\u00a0Film\u00a0Festival\u00a02014`\n`Best\u00a0Film\u00a0Category`\n`Jaideep\u00a0Chopra\u00a0for\u00a0Maazii`\n`Special\u00a0Festival\u00a0Mention`\n`Radio\u00a0Mirchi\u00a0Music\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Raag\u00a0Based\u00a0Song\u00a02013`\n`Rekha\u00a0Bhardwaj\u00a0for\u00a0Mora\u00a0Jiya`\n`Nominated`","parent_id":"d2644f75977e9261442a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5503c23c21b4d438868d:0","document_content":"# The Eternal Evil of Asia\n***The Eternal Evil of Asia*** () is a 1995 Hong Kong Category III comedy horror film written and directed by Man Kei Chin. The film follows a group of friends, who on a hedonistic trip to Thailand, accidentally kill a sorcerer\\'s sister, and upon arriving back home to Hong Kong, find themselves cursed.","parent_id":"5503c23c21b4d438868d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"684fc486428c6a7c9e27:0","document_content":"# Ouija (2014 film)\n***Ouija*** is a 2014 American supernatural horror film directed by Stiles White in his directorial debut, produced by Jason Blum, Michael Bay, Andrew Form, Bradley Fuller, and Bennett Schneir and written by Juliet Snowden and White, who previously together wrote *The Possession*. It stars Olivia Cooke, Daren Kagasoff, Douglas Smith, and Bianca A. Santos as teenagers who have unleashed spirits from a Ouija board.\n*Ouija* was released on October 24, 2014, by Universal Pictures. The film was a commercial success, grossing \\$103.6 million worldwide over a \\$5--8 million budget, but was overwhelmingly criticized by critics, with many criticizing its performances, inconsistent tone, characters and story. A prequel, *Ouija: Origin of Evil*, was released in 2016, and was far better critically received.\nDebbie Galardi recalls playing Ouija with her best friend Laine Morris as children. In the present day, Debbie throws her Ouija board into the fire, burning it. Debbie implies to Laine that something strange happened with the Ouija board. After Laine leaves, the Ouija board reappears in Debbie\\'s bedroom. Debbie becomes possessed and hangs herself with Christmas lights inside her home.\nLaine attends Debbie\\'s wake with her boyfriend Trevor, younger sister Sarah, friend Isabelle, and Debbie\\'s boyfriend Pete. The five friends meet at Debbie\\'s house and use her Ouija board to try communicating with her. Strange things happen, and a presence smashes Pete\\'s hand and face into a mirror. Later, the friends start finding the phrase \\\"hi friend\\\" (a message communicated during the Ouija board session) written in different places, like Isabelle\\'s car window, a tunnel wall, Pete\\'s desk, and Laine\\'s computer. Thinking Deb is trying to communicate with them, the group has another Ouija session. They then discover that they are actually in contact not with Debbie but with a spirit calling itself \\\"DZ\\\". Laine sees the image of a little girl with her mouth sewn shut. The girl warns them to run because her mother is coming. Laine sees an old woman, and everyone flees. Laine later learns that Deb found the Ouija board in her attic and played alone.","parent_id":"684fc486428c6a7c9e27","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"684fc486428c6a7c9e27:1","document_content":"# Ouija (2014 film)\nIsabelle is possessed and killed by being smashed into her bathroom sink and cracking her skull open. Laine and Pete search Deb\\'s attic and find a box of old photographs that belonged to the previous residents. While researching the previous family\\'s history, they learn of a little girl named Doris Zander who went missing, and whose mother was suspected in her disappearance. Laine visits Doris\\' sister, an old woman named Paulina, who is now committed to a psychiatric hospital. Paulina explains that her mother was a medium and used Doris as a vessel for the dead to speak through. Their mother went mad and sewed Doris\\' mouth shut before killing her. She tells Laine that there is a secret room in the house where Laine must find Doris\\' hidden body and unstitch her mouth in order for the girl to banish their mother. The remaining friends go back to the Galardi house, where Laine finds Doris\\' corpse and cuts the stitches on her mouth. Doris\\' mother\\'s spirit protests, but Doris\\' spirit appears and chases away the ghost of her mother. Pete becomes possessed and is killed in his home, appearing as a soulless ghost with his mouth stitched up.\nLaine revisits Paulina and reveals that the old woman, realizing that she was in allegiance with Doris, intentionally lied. Doris was the evil entity all along and her mother was trying to stop the friends from summoning her. The Morris\\'s grandmother, Nona, advises the sisters to destroy Doris\\' body and the Ouija board at the same time. Doris\\' ghost throws Trevor into a swimming pool covered with a plastic canopy, trapping and drowning him. Laine and Sarah return to the Galardi house cellar, where Doris captures Sarah and prepares to sew her mouth shut. Laine plays the Ouija board alone to draw the spirit\\'s attention. Doris starts possessing Laine, but Debbie\\'s ghost appears to help Laine defeat Doris. Sarah throws Doris\\' body into the furnace, and Laine throws the Ouija board, stopping the paranormal activity. Later, Laine finds that the planchette has mysteriously appeared back at her home in her bedroom. She holds it up to her eye to look inside and the screen then cuts to black.","parent_id":"684fc486428c6a7c9e27","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"684fc486428c6a7c9e27:2","document_content":"# Ouija (2014 film)\n- Olivia Cooke as Laine Morris\n  - Afra Sophia Tully as young Laine\n- Ana Coto as Sarah Morris\n  - Izzie Galanti as young Sarah\n- Daren Kagasoff as Trevor\n- Bianca Santos as Isabelle\n- Douglas Smith as Pete\n- Shelley Hennig as Debbie Galardi\n  - Claire Beale as young Debbie\n- Sierra Heuermann as Doris Zander\n  - Sunny May Allison as young Doris\n- Lin Shaye as Paulina Zander\n- Claudia Katz Minnick as Mother \/ Alice Zander\n- Vivis Colombetti as Nona\n- Robyn Lively as Mrs.\u00a0Galardi\n- Matthew Settle as Anthony Morris\n\n### Pre-production\nThe film was announced in May 2008 with Universal attached. At one point in 2011 Universal dropped out due to budgetary concerns. Following this it was subsequently announced that the film would be produced at a lower budget and Universal rejoined the project.\nCasting was announced in November and December 2013.\n\n### Filming\nPrincipal photography began mid December 2013 in Los Angeles wrapped at the end of January 2014\nAlthough shooting officially wrapped in January 2014, poor test screenings resulted in re-shoots occurring in June, which, according to Olivia Cooke, resulted in half the film being re-shot. With the reshoots, Lin Shaye was added to the film to play a newly written character, Erin Moriarty\\'s character was removed from the film entirely, and new plot points were added or changed entirely. The most notable of changes included the character of Doris Zander\\'s physical appearance changing from that of a burnt looking girl to a rotting, decomposing girl with stitches in her mouth.\n\n### Theatrical\nUniversal released *Ouija* in the United States on October 24, 2014. A tie-in novelization for the film by Katharine Turner was released on September 16, 2014.\n\n### Home media\n*Ouija* was released in the US on DVD and Blu-ray on February 3, 2015.","parent_id":"684fc486428c6a7c9e27","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"684fc486428c6a7c9e27:3","document_content":"# Ouija (2014 film)\n### Box office\nIn North America, the film was released to 2,858 theatres and earned \\$19,875,995 on its opening weekend (including its \\$911,000 gross on Thursday preview nights and \\$8.3 million on its opening day). at an average of \\$7,000 per theatre, debuting at number one at the box office ahead of newly released *John Wick* (\\$14.2 million). The film played 75% under-25 years old and 61% female on its opening weekend.\n*Ouija* was released in five international markets and earned \\$1.3 million from 234 screens. The film went to number two in Malaysia (\\$545,000), number four in Taiwan (\\$331,000), number two in Singapore (\\$238,000) and also number four in Poland (\\$137,000). In its second weekend the film earned \\$5.7 million from 1,166 screens in 19 territories for a two weekend international total of \\$7.7 million. It went to number one in the UK, Indonesia and the Philippines. In the UK, the film earned \\$2.2 million on its opening weekend, which is the second biggest opening weekend for a horror film in 2014 only behind *Annabelle* (\\$3.1 million). *Ouija* made a domestic total of \\$50,856,010 and \\$52,618,000 overseas, for a worldwide total of \\$103,674,010.\n\n### Critical response\nAccording to the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, 6% of critics have given the film a positive review based on 88 reviews, with an average rating of 3.2\/10. The website\\'s critics consensus states: \\\"Slowly, steadily, although no one seems to be moving it in that direction, the *Ouija* planchette points to NO.\\\" Metacritic, another review aggregator which assigns and normalizes scores of critic reviews, gave the film a weighted average score of 38 out of 100 based on reviews from 22 critics, indicating \\\"generally unfavorable reviews\\\". Audiences surveyed by CinemaScore gave the film a \\\"C\\\" grade.\nThe film was novelized by Katharine Turner. The novel was released on September 16, 2014.","parent_id":"684fc486428c6a7c9e27","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"684fc486428c6a7c9e27:4","document_content":"# Ouija (2014 film)\n### Critical response\nThe plot of the novel differs from the movie in many notable ways, containing an additional flashback sequence at the beginning of the book which occurs two months before Debbie dies, giving a more in-depth backstory to the main characters. Laine\\'s father has a larger role in the novel, snapping at Sarah after she tries to sneak out of the house. There is an additional scene in the novel after the group uses the Ouija board for a second time where Sarah and Laine have a heartfelt conversation at the dinner table. There are longer sequences with Laine\\'s grandmother Nona as well.\nThe message \\\"Hi friend\\\" from Doris in the novel appears as \\\"Hi frend\\\". When Isabelle approaches her car after work, instead of finding \\\"Hi friend\\\" written in the condensation on the inside of her car, she finds a hand print.\nThe characters of Pete and Isabelle also die in different ways in the novel. Pete, after seeing Doris\\' spirit in his room and becoming possessed, slits his wrists with an X-ACTO knife. Isabelle, after being possessed by Doris, sits in her bathtub with a plugged-in hair dryer, electrocuting herself.\nThe finale of the novel differs greatly from the film. Sarah is not trapped in the altar room with Doris\\' spirit as in the film, but rather Laine crawls down the passageway into the altar to get Doris\\' body. While Laine is in the passageway, Sarah is left by the furnace with the Ouija board where Doris manipulates Sarah\\'s arm and has it twist in unnatural positions while touching the planchette. Doris uses Sarah\\'s arm to spell out \\\"D-I-E-F-R-E-N-D\\\" on the board. After throwing Doris\\' body into the furnace with the Ouija board, Doris appears in spirit form as a normal girl, where her mother joins her. The two hold hands and disappear. Laine suddenly notices Debbie\\'s spirit in the room. She says \\\"Hi friend\\\" to Laine. Laine asks if she is dead, but Debbie tells her everything is okay. Debbie says goodbye to Laine, and Laine falls unconscious.\nThe epilogue to the novel mirrors the film, with Laine finding the planchette in her room.","parent_id":"684fc486428c6a7c9e27","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"684fc486428c6a7c9e27:5","document_content":"# Ouija (2014 film)\n### Critical response\nThroughout January 2015, reports of a sequel were announced. In February 2015, it was confirmed the film was in development and had no release date. Jason Blum stated \\\"We\\'re a ways away \\...\\\" In April 2015, it was announced that the sequel would be released on October 21, 2016. Mike Flanagan would direct and co-write the sequel with his *Oculus* co-writer Jeff Howard. The film would be produced by Michael Bay, Brad Fuller, Andrew Form, Jason Blum, Brian Goldner, and Stephen Davis. Annalise Basso and Kaylee Procter would star in the sequel. It was then announced that *Ouija: Origin of Evil* would serve as a prequel to the first film. It was released in the United States on October 21, 2016, and unlike its predecessor, it gained far more positive reviews.\n- List of ghost films\n- *Jumanji*\n- *Zathura: A Space Adventure*","parent_id":"684fc486428c6a7c9e27","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"daa1c4a54661e5536558:0","document_content":"# Burning Paradise\n***Burning Paradise*** (*Foh Siu Hung Lin Ji* \u706b\u71d2\u7d05\u84ee\u5bfa) is a 1994 Hong Kong action film directed by Ringo Lam. The film is set in the Qing dynasty and stars Willie Chi Tian-sheng as Fong Sai Yuk and Yang Sheng as Hung Hei-kwun.\nThe film was a box office failure in Hong Kong.\nDuring the Qing dynasty, young Shaolin disciple Fong Sai-yuk and his master, Chi Nun, are fleeing Manchu government agents hunting them. The two have become fugitives after the Yongzheng emperor gave orders to destroy the Shaolin Monastery for plotting to overthrow the government. While on the run, they meet a female prostitute named Tou Tou, who helps them hide. However, they are found by Manchu officer Crimson and his men. Crimson kills a wounded Chi Nun, and both Fong and Tou Tou are captured.\nFong and Tou Tou end up imprisoned at Red Lotus Temple, where other Shaolin practitioners are held captive. The prison\\'s warden, Kung, is a hedonistic, power-hungry former general who forces the inmates to work as slave labor. He also booby traps the entire building to punish dissidents. To the Shaolin disciples\\' anger, Kung has enlisted one of their own, Hung Hei-gun, as the foreman. Hung and Fong fight until Fong is injured by a spear thrown by Kung. Left for dead in a pit full of corpses, Fong meets Shaolin master Chi Seen, who was also thrown down there.\nMeanwhile, Tou Tou is taken as Kung\\'s concubine. When offered a gift by Kung, she requests that Fong be released in exchange for her servitude. Kung initially agrees, but reneges after he becomes jealous of Tou Tou and Fong\\'s relationship, throwing Fong back in jail. A love triangle is also revealed between head priestess Brooke and Hung, as well as between Hung and priestess Luk. Hung is caught by Brooke for looking at an explosives stash, but she lets him go. However, Luk betrays Hung, revealing him to be a double agent using his freedom as foreman to create a map of the temple for the inmates. His ruse uncovered, Hung helps Fong free the prisoners, who kill Luk in revenge.","parent_id":"daa1c4a54661e5536558","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"daa1c4a54661e5536558:1","document_content":"# Burning Paradise\nThe Shaolin disciples and Manchu soldiers clash, but the soldiers manage to partition and trap the disciples between gates. Fong and Hung escape the soldiers, and Hung reveals his plan to free the prisoners by blowing the traps up with explosives from a weapons storehouse. The two find Tou Tou held captive in Kung\\'s bedroom, but Brooke encounters them and fights them both. She loses the fight when a broken bedframe falls on her leg and incapacitates her. A booby trap in the bed causes Fong and Tou Tou to fall into a pit, and the bedroom begins to fill with poisonous gas. Hung, grateful that Brooke spared him earlier, returns the favor and carries her out of the room before the poison can kill either of them.\nFong and Tou Tou follow the path to a catacomb of dead concubines. Meanwhile, Hung and a crippled Brooke make their way to where the explosives are stored, but a trap ends up killing Brooke. Crimson enters the catacombs and begins to fight Fong. At this point, Hung begins to detonate the explosives, causing the Manchu soldiers to panic and evacuate the temple. Fong and Crimson resume fighting in the main forge area, where Crimson is impaled by Fong\\'s thrown sword and explodes. Hung, Chi Seen, and the remaining Shaolin members try to escape the temple, but are blocked off. Chi Seen asks the members to recite a sutra in front of a Buddha statue they find, but the Buddha is booby-trapped with firearms, shooting some of the disciples. A gloating, hidden Kung lures Fong and Hung to the battle arena with his voice. Meanwhile, the disciples\\' kowtowing opens a small hole above the Buddha, which they widen by lighting gunpowder near the statue. As the temple collapses, Kung reveals he is a powerful martial artist, using inked paper as powerful projectiles. Fong temporarily blinds Kung with his own ink, and the two successfully kill Kung by hanging him with chains. Everyone reunites and successfully escapes the temple, and Fong begins to escort Tou Tou back to her home on horseback.\n*Time Out London* referred to the film as a \\\"A box office disaster in Hong Kong\\\". After its release in Hong Kong on 27 March 1994, it grossed a total of HK\\$1,819,69. The film was the 145th highest-grossing film in Hong Kong for 1994.","parent_id":"daa1c4a54661e5536558","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"daa1c4a54661e5536558:2","document_content":"# Burning Paradise\nThe film was released direct-to-video in the United Kingdom. The film was released on DVD on 29 June 2010. The DVD contains an interview with Tsui Hark and the film\\'s trailer.\n*Time Out London* stated that \\\"Some of the acrobatic fights do seem grimly anarchic, but the endless booby traps grow tiresome and the film\\'s \\'dark side\\' is undercut by feeble elements of humour and romance. As a genre piece: too little, too late.\\\" Film 4 opined that \\\"Lam gives the story a new twist by envisaging the temple as a kind of Quake-type fortress complete with bottomless pits, traps, poison gases and other nasties that await the two fighters who are assigned to free the monks. Some amazing cinematography and art direction lift this endeavour out of the ordinary.\\\" The Austin Chronicle praised the film, stating that it is \\\"Lam\\'s bizarre direction that makes this one of the better chopsocky efforts in recent memory. He manages to make the genre\\'s clich\u00e9s seem brand new again, creating a considerably darker and more sinister piece than your typical martial arts picture\\\" and that \\\"Although the finale is a slight letdown, for the most part, Burning Paradise is a terrific movie that tells an old story with a new attitude.\\\" *Variety* referred to the film as \\\"the highly entertaining but uncharacteristic swordplay item\\\" in a review of Lam\\'s later feature *The Adventurers*.\n- Hong Kong films of 1994\n- List of action films of the 1990s\n\n### References\n-","parent_id":"daa1c4a54661e5536558","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"26bf7a0d8c62231d9572:0","document_content":"# Hungry Ghost Ritual\n***Hungry Ghost Ritual*** (\u76c2\u862d\u795e\u529f) is a 2014 Hong Kong-Malaysian horror thriller film directed by Nick Cheung. The film was released on 10 July 2014 in Hong Kong and Malaysia.\nAfter incurring debts from his failed business venture in China, Zong Hua (Cheung) returns to Malaysia after a decade\\'s hiatus. The demoralised Zong Hua faces problems finding a job and tries hard to get used to things at home, including his estranged relationship with his step-father, Xiaotian, who runs a Cantonese opera troupe, and half-sister, Jing Jing (Cathryn Lee). Jing Jing is hostile towards Zong Hua as she always has the impression that the death of their mother was caused by the excessive fights between Zong Hua and his step-father.\n- Nick Cheung\n- Annie Liu\n- Carrie Ng\n- Cathryn Lee\n- Lam Wai","parent_id":"26bf7a0d8c62231d9572","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b1e6c6e2cb0a876c4f37:0","document_content":"# Speaking of Sex\n***Speaking of Sex*** is a 2001 Canadian\/American\/French comedy film directed by John McNaughton and starring Bill Murray, James Spader, Lara Flynn Boyle, and Jay Mohr.\nWhen a couple having marital problems see a female marriage counselor who advertises on a bus bench, she recommends that the wife see a male depression expert, who ends up initiating an affair with the wife.\n- Bill Murray as Ezri Stovall\n- James Spader as Dr.\u00a0Roger Klink\n- Lara Flynn Boyle as Dr.\u00a0Emily Page\n- Jay Mohr as Dan\n- Melora Walters as Melinda\n- Phil LaMarr as Joel Johnson, Jr.\n- Megan Mullally as Jennifer Klink\n- Nathaniel Arcand as Calvin\n- Nick Offerman as Sheriff Panghorn\n- Catherine O\\'Hara as Connie Barker\nThe movie was filmed in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.","parent_id":"b1e6c6e2cb0a876c4f37","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"26e636dc4889e9279577:0","document_content":"# Vengeful Heart\n***Vengeful Heart*** () is a thriller film directed by Vietnamese-American director Victor Vu. The film was released on February 14, 2014. Starring actress Nha Phuong, actor Thai Hoa, Quy Binh, Hoang Bach, Tu Vi, Kim Xuan, Nancy Nguyen and Van Tung.\nThe film was based on same title play written by Thai Hoa, which used to be a best selling play at *Phu Nhuan Theater.*\nThe story starts as Son takes his newly wife Linh on a vacation after her heart transplant. After the transplant, Linh keeps encountering unexplainable incidents and dreaming about a strange house located in the countryside of Da Lat. 49 days later, she sleepwalks to the grave of Phuong at an isolated area, where she meets Tam who is Phuong\\'s husband. Tam brings Linh back to his house while waiting for Son to pick Linh up after informing him, Linh comes to realize this is the house which she has kept dreaming about. Entering the house, she meets Phuong\\'s mother - Ms.\u00a0Le and Cu Hu (a friend of Phuong and Tam). Son comes to pick Linh up, in the midst of talking, it is revealed that the heart which had been transplanted for Linh is from Phuong - Ms.\u00a0Le\\'s daughter also Tam\\'s wife. Ms.\u00a0Le gets emotional, therefore she invites both of them to stay at their house to join her late daughter\\'s 49-day ceremony.","parent_id":"26e636dc4889e9279577","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"26e636dc4889e9279577:1","document_content":"# Vengeful Heart\nMany weird and supernatural incidents begin to happen since they have decided to stay, Linh has more sleepwalking incidents, while Son keeps being haunted, as well as there seems to be a soul or ghost trying to warn Linh something, to the point Linh is unable to leave that house as her heart will stop beating once she does it. Finally, after being heavily haunted, Son can\\'t take it anymore and confesses that he caused the accident that killed Phuong in the middle of the street, however, he was in a rush to the hospital. Son drove away after calling the police to inform the situation. The police named Sau Dung invites him to the police station for a couple of questions. Thinking everything is coming to an end, things are getting weirder as Son claims that when he drove away, Phuong was still alive and was not injured, she was just unconscious. However, the body found by the police was heavily crushed, unable to identify, later Tam confirmed it was Phuong then took her body back home for the funeral.\nCu Hu discovers that Linh\\'s blood type to be O, therefore she couldn\\'t be able to get transplant by Phuong whose blood type is AB. Later, Linh and Cu Hu find a funeral table with the picture of Hong - who is allegedly Tam\\'s business partner. Right after knowing that Hong is missing, Cu Hu drives Linh to the flower farm where Tam is working a night shift. Linh has intuition so she insists Tam to drive her back to the abandoned house on Ma Ta Hill, which turns out Phuong is still alive and has been locked inside for months.","parent_id":"26e636dc4889e9279577","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"26e636dc4889e9279577:2","document_content":"# Vengeful Heart\nPhuong says Hong is Tam\\'s mistress and they had much debt due to their failed business. Knowing Tam wouldn\\'t divorce Phuong (Tam truly loves Phuong) and leave her deal with all the debts alone, Hong had secretly texted and told Phuong to go to the abandoned house on Ma Ta Hill in order to know the truth about her husband. Phuong was hiding outside and heard the full story, which little did she know that Tam hits Hong with a shovel later. Phuong terrifyingly ran away while Tam was chasing her. As she was about to get close to the outskirt of the wood, Phuong got hit by Son while carelessly crossing the road. Tam hid until Son drove away, Phuong was still alive and kept warning that she would report this to the police. Tam decided to switch Phuong and Hong\\'s clothes and locked Phuong in the basement, then Tam carried barely conscious Hong to the road where Phuong got hit previously. Tam used Phuong\\'s car to crush Hong until she was completely dead, then made a false statement about Phuong that she was in the accident in which her face was fully crushed. Actually, the heart Linh carries is from Hong. Cu Hu calls the police right away, however, he is hit by Tam, while Linh is chased by Tam in the woods. As she is about to reach the outskirt, Linh suddenly falls like Phuong did. Tam intends to kill Linh but the ghost of Hong shows up to save her. Being terrified to see Hong, Tam is stunned as Hong is staring at him. The police arrive and Tam tries to escape, however, he gets hit by a truck.\nPhuong reconciles with her mother, Linh and Son are happy together. The movie ends with the scene in which Cu Hu is taking Phuong to sightsee on the boat. Phuong also discovers Cu Hu\\'s unrequited love for her after a long time.\n- Nh\u00e3 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng as Linh\n- Th\u00e1i H\u00f2a as Cu H\u00f9\n- Qu\u00fd B\u00ecnh as T\u00e2m\n- Ho\u00e0ng B\u00e1ch as S\u01a1n\n- T\u00fa Vi as Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng\n- Kim Xu\u00e2n as Mrs.\u00a0L\u00ea\n- Nancy Nguy\u1ec5n as H\u1ed3ng\n- V\u0103n T\u00f9ng as Mr.\u00a0S\u00e1u D\u0169ng\n- M\u00e3 Trung as Mr.\u00a0Phong\n- Vy Minh as Nurse","parent_id":"26e636dc4889e9279577","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"26e636dc4889e9279577:3","document_content":"# Vengeful Heart\nThe film grossed 91 billion \u0111\u1ed3ng (US\\$4.3m) in Vietnam. It\\'s the highest-grossing Vietnamese film in 2014.","parent_id":"26e636dc4889e9279577","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c6944deced3d786c3153:0","document_content":"# The Legend of Qin (film)\n***The Legend of Qin 3D Ancient Dragon Spirit*** (Chinese: \u79e6\u65f6\u660e\u67083D\u7535\u5f71\u9f99\u817e\u4e07\u91cc) is a 2014 Chinese animated fantasy adventure wuxia film written and directed by Robin Shen.\nAn unlikely quartet - a boy, a young rebel and descendant of a reviled war criminal, a mysterious girl and descendant of the Divine Dragon and the kingdom\\'s greatest warrior - cross the desert to find the hidden kingdom of Loulan to prevent Emperor Qin from awakening an ancient weapon that will return China to war. The events in the film take place before the events in The Legend of Qin (TV series).\n\n### Background\nThousands of years ago, the supreme Goddess forged a fallen meteor into a powerful sword, to be used by Chi You to bring peace. However he became corrupted by its power and a terrible war broke out. The land was devastated by the now fearless warlord Chi You. A young, wise and courageous man, Huang Di (Yellow Emperor) led his people against Chi You with the help of the Supreme Goddess. He wielded the power of the Dragon and eventually won the war. The Supreme Goddess sealed Huang Di\\'s ultimate weapon, a gem called the Dragons Soul, in Loulan in far western China. Now the Qin Emperor seeks the Demon Robot which is the last of 81 bronze giants created by Chi You.","parent_id":"c6944deced3d786c3153","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c6944deced3d786c3153:1","document_content":"# The Legend of Qin (film)\n### Story\nIn a remote border town, the rebel Shaoyu and his troops are observing the actions of the Qin army. A mischievous young boy, Tianming is entrusted with a metallic ball by his Uncle Lu, machinery expert. However, he is under observation by the Qin and is attacked by the Yin Yang Priestesses of Birth and Dearth, accompanied by Gongshu Chou and his miniature machinery lizards. Tianming escapes and is saved from the Qin soldiers by Ge Nie and his sword Rainbow Abyss. Wei Zhuang and his Quicksand Group arrive to seize the metallic ball, but Ne Gie enables Tianming to escape. Tianming then encounters Shaoyu and they fight over the metallic ball which transforms into the tiny metal-eating dragon Pi Xiu. While trying to catch Pi Xiu, its owner, the mysterious Xiao Li arrives. She wears a necklace containing a blue gem called the Tears of a Goddess. All three are captured by Qin troops although Pi Xiu escapes. Pi Xiu frees the boys, and Xiao Li rescues them on a flying machinery dragon, but it crashes in the desert. Pursued through the desert by a Qin General and the Quicksand Group, the three are saved by Ne Gie. They accidentally find the secret entrance to Loulan through underground rivers in the desert.\nIn Loulan, the High Priestess says Pi Xiu contains the gem called the Dragon\\'s Soul. She denounces Xiao Li as a descendant of the treacherous Lord Chi and she is imprisoned with the boys and Ge Nie. The Quicksand Group arrive and seize the powerful Chi You sword while Gongshu Chou gets the Dragons Soul gem which gives him control over the Demon Robot. Meanwhile Tianming, Shaoyu and Xiao Li escape and climb inside the robot to stop it. Ne Gie manages to defeat Wei Zhuang and takes the sword. With the help of Pi Xiu, Xiao Li uses the sword to immobilize the robot and save Loulan. Finally, Ne Gie reveals to Tianming that the boy\\'s father asked Ne Gie to protect him. As Xiao Li\\' body slowly fades away, the Priestess realizes that she was the physical embodiment of the Tears of the Goddess.\nFor detailed descriptions of the characters, see the List of The Legend of Qin characters.\n**Voice Actor**\n**Character**\n\u51af\u9a8f\u9a85\/Feng Junhua\n\u8346\u5929\u660e\/Jing Tianming\n\u6c88\u8fbe\u5a01\/Shen Dawei","parent_id":"c6944deced3d786c3153","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c6944deced3d786c3153:2","document_content":"# The Legend of Qin (film)\n### Story\n\u9879\u5c11\u7fbd(\u9879\u7fbd)\/Xiang Shaoyu(Xiang Yu)\n\u5b63\u51a0\u9716\/Ji Guanlin\n\u5c0f\u9ece\/Xiao Li\n\u5468\u4f76\/Zhou Ji\n\u8c94\u8c85\/Pixiu\n\u5218\u94a6\/Liu Qin\n\u76d6\u8042\/Ge Nie\n\u5f20\u5609\u8bd1\/Zhang Jiayi\n\u536b\u5e84\/Wei Zhuang\n\u5434\u78ca\/Wu Lei\n\u9b54\u5316\u536b\u5e84\/Possessed Wei Zhuang\n\/\n\u767d\u51e4\/White Phoenix\n\/\n\u8d64\u7ec3\/Crimson Lotus\n\u9ec4\u83baHuang Ying\n\u5927\u53f8\u547d\/Priestess of Death\n\/\n\u5c11\u53f8\u547d\/Priestess of Birth\n\u738b\u8096\u5175\/Wang Xiaobing\n\u516c\u8f93\u4ec7\/Gongshu Chou\n\u7a0b\u7389\u73e0\/Cheng Yuzhu\n\u5415\u8001\u4f2f\/Uncle L\u00fc\n\u5b5f\u7965\u9f99\/Meng Xianglong\n\u6c34\u679c\u5c06\u519b\/General Fruit\n\u6e38\u519b\/You Jun\n\u79e6\u56fd\u526f\u5c06\/Qin Vice General\n\u72c4\u83f2\u83f2\/Di Feifei\n\u5927\u796d\u53f8\/Loulan High Priestess\n\u8d75\u4e7e\u666f\/Zhao Qianjing\n\u697c\u5170\u6b66\u58eb\/Loulan soldier\n\u949f\u6709\u9053\/Zhong Youdao\n\u65c1\u767d\/Narrator\nThe film earned in China.","parent_id":"c6944deced3d786c3153","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2e22bdd381b3d03916d0:0","document_content":"# Must Have Been Love\n***Must Have Been Love*** (, ) is a 2012 Norwegian-Finnish romantic drama film directed by Eirik Svensson. The film was Svensson\\'s directorial debut, and stars Pamela Tola and Espen Klouman H\u00f8iner. It was shot in Oslo, Helsinki, Istanbul and Berlin.\n- Pamela Tola as Kaisa\n- Espen Klouman H\u00f8iner as Jacob \/ Andreas\n- Mattis Herman Nyquist as August\n- Audun Hjort as Audun\n- Laura Birn as Anna\n- Pihla Viitala as Helmi","parent_id":"2e22bdd381b3d03916d0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"354b4e857530ff364a44:0","document_content":"# Tales from the Dark 2\n***Tales from the Dark 2*** (\u674e\u78a7\u83ef\u9b3c\u9b45\u7cfb\u5217\u3000\u5947\u5e7b\u591c) is a 2013 Hong Kong portmanteau horror film directed by Gordon Chan, Lawrence Ah Mon and Teddy Robin. It was released on 8 August 2013. The film is made of three segments, *Pillow* (\u6795\u5996), *Hide and Seek* (\u8ff7\u85cf) and *Black Umbrella* (\u9ed1\u5098). It follows *Tales from the Dark 1* (2013).\n\n### *Pillow*\n- Fala Chen as Chow Ching-yi\n- Gordon Lam as Yun Ho-hong\n- Tony Ho as Dr.\u00a0Kwan\n- Joman Chiang as Mabel\n- Lam Chiu-wing\n- Ian Yim\n- Crystal Black\n\n### *Hide and Seek*\n- Chan Fat-kuk as Fatty Keung\n- Sham Ka-ki as Char-siu\n- Kiki Tam as Ceci\n- Pam Cheung as Princess\n- Ronny Yuen as Tat\n- Tong Kit-leung as C Hing\n- Wong Yat-ho as Sissy\n- Jacqueline Chan as Little Bo\n- Eric Leung as Lee\n- Lai Hon-chi as Chan\n- Lam Suk-ching\n- Chan Lai-ling\n\n### *Black Umbrella*\n- Teddy Robin as Uncle Lau\n- Aliza Mo as Zhenni\n- K.K. Cheung\n- Kelvin Kwan\n- Vincent Wan as Bo\n- Lana Wong\n- Yick Tin-hung as Keung\nOn Film Business Asia, Derek Elley gave it a 5 out of 10 and said that \\\"two strong stories bookend a weak central one.\\\" On The Hollywood Reporter, Clarence Tsui said the \\\"three half-hour horror shorts attain uneven levels of scary moments, with Lawrence Lau's old-school shock-and-awe approach coming out tops.\\\"\n- List of Hong Kong Category III films","parent_id":"354b4e857530ff364a44","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"18153a59e2e5f1754079:0","document_content":"# Chekkeranoru Chilla\n***Chekkaeran Oru Chilla*** is a 1986 Indian Malayalam-language film directed by Sibi Malayil and produced by Shankar, starring Shankar himself, along with Bharath Gopi and Nedumudi Venu, while Ambika played the leading lady. The film has musical score by Shyam. The film is a remake of the Hindi film *Saaheb*, starring Anil Kapoor, which itself was a remake of 1981 Bengali film of the same name.\nUnni is a promising football goalkeeper and he aims to be in the national team. He is often criticised by family members for not taking care of his family, completing his education, or making money. His sister gets a good marriage proposal, but his father does not have the financial means to fund the marriage. His sisters and brothers are stingy with money. His elder brother\\'s wife tries to help but it doesn\\'t help much. Unni as an unemployed youth takes responsibility in ways opportunity opens for him and that forms the climax.\n- Shankar as Unni\n- Ambika as Lathika aka Lallu\n- Jagathy Sreekumar as Kunjuraman aka Pulluvan aka Kavi Kunjumamman\n- Nedumudi Venu as Govindan, the father.\n- Lissy as Chinnu, the sister.\n- Bharath Gopi\n- Raghavan\n- M. G. Soman\n- Ravi Menon\n- Seema\n- Sreenath\n- Valsala Menon\n- Sukumari\n- Kannur Sreelatha\nThe music was composed by Shyam and the lyrics were written by Chunakkara Ramankutty.\n`No.\u00a0`\n`Song\u00a0`\n`Singers\u00a0`\n`Lyrics`\n`1\u00a0`\n`\"Jeevitham\u00a0Shaashwatha\"\u00a0\u00a0`\n`Unni\u00a0Menon\u00a0`\n`Chunakkara\u00a0Ramankutty\u00a0\u00a0`\n`2\u00a0`\n`\"Poonilaavudichallo\"\u00a0`\n`Vani\u00a0Jairam,\u00a0Unni\u00a0Menon\u00a0`\n`Chunakkara\u00a0Ramankutty\u00a0\u00a0`\n`3\u00a0`\n`\"Snehappookkal\u00a0Vaarichoodi\"\u00a0`\n`Unni\u00a0Menon\u00a0`\n`Chunakkara\u00a0Ramankutty\u00a0\u00a0`\n- This is actor Shankar\\'s first and only home production.","parent_id":"18153a59e2e5f1754079","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"24a6e16b0c65eaa2351d:0","document_content":"# Puli (2015 film)\n***Puli*** () is a 2015 Indian Tamil-language fantasy adventure action film written and directed by Chimbu Deven. The film stars Vijay in a dual role as demon prince and his son a half-demon alongside Hansika Motwani and Shruti Haasan in the female leads. Sudeep features as the main antagonist of the film along with Prabhu and Nandita Swetha in cameo roles. Sridevi features as the possessed evil Queen.\nThe film\\'s original Tamil version was released worldwide on 1 October 2015. The film was dubbed into both Telugu and Hindi, which were released a day later on 2 October 2015. The film received average reviews from critics with praise for the visual effects, cinematography and the performances of the cast but criticized the screenplay and execution.\nThe story revolves around the clash between humans and demons (Vedhalams) ruled by a demon kingdom in a fantasy world, where a human is fighting for justice for the killing of humans by demons, but his ancestry turns out to be a mystery.\n*Puli* director Chimbu Deven as a cartoonist by profession, The film\\'s half-demon theme was partially based on Japanese hit anime manga series *Inuyasha* similar to which, Vijay played dual roles as father being a powerful Tiger demon and son a half-tiger demon similar to the series.\n*Puli* recovered its 100 investment through profit in satellite and digital rights.\nMarudheeran (half tiger-demon and half human) is the adopted son of a tribal village chief named Vembunathan. From a young age, he notices the atrocities regularly committed on the villagers by soldiers from the neighbouring kingdom of Vedhalapuram called the Vedhalams, who have supernatural powers. When he becomes an adult, Marudheeran starts to protect the villagers from the Vedhalams, because of which he is well respected by the villagers.","parent_id":"24a6e16b0c65eaa2351d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"24a6e16b0c65eaa2351d:1","document_content":"# Puli (2015 film)\nMarudheeran falls in love with Pavalamalli. One day, she is kidnapped by a group of Vedhalams, who then ransack the village and also kill Vembunathan. Marudheeran, along with his close friends Kodangi and Sama, begins a journey to Vedhalapuram. During the journey, Marudheeran rescues Manthagini, the princess of Vedhalapuram, from a panther. That time Princess Manthagini falls in love with Marudheeran. This is noticed by Thalapathy Jalatharangan, the evil-minded demon, Commander-in-Chief of Vedhalapuram. On the pretext of being medicine makers, Marudheeran, Kodangi, and Sama enter the Vedhalapuram palace, where they meet Yavanarani, the cruel Queen of Vedhalapuram who is also a sorceress. She allows them to stay at the palace, and soon Marudheeran wins the support of the Queen and the love of Manthagini with his fighting prowess and resilience. Yavanarani announces the engagement of Marudheeran with Manthagini, and both get married.\nLater, Marudheeran finds out that he himself is a half Vedhalam (half demon). Marudheeran was the son of Pulivendhan (powerful tiger-demon) and Pushpa (human princess), Pulivendhan was the late prince of Vedhalapuram, Yavanarani\\'s younger brother and Manthagini\\'s uncle. When he stood up to Jalatharangan, who used to terrorise the citizens of Vedhalapuram with the help of his henchmen, Jalatharangan killed him and his wife, Pushpa. Marudheeran also finds out that Yavanarani is actually a puppet Queen under the influence of evil magical power emanating from Jalatharangan\\'s ring. Due to the evil magical influence, Yavanarani developed magical powers as well as her tyrannical behaviour. She performs yearly Kanya Puja to boost her magical powers. After Yavanarani performs the Kanya Puja for the 18th consecutive year (this time on Pavalamalli), Jalatharangan has planned to eliminate her and take over the throne.","parent_id":"24a6e16b0c65eaa2351d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"24a6e16b0c65eaa2351d:2","document_content":"# Puli (2015 film)\nMarudheeran also finds out that he will transform into a Vedhalam (demon) if he stops taking the demon power suppression medicinal leaf, that he was consuming from his childhood. Marudheeran transforms to a demon and fights Jalatharangan and kills him, avenging his father\\'s death. Still, before he dies, he opens his ring, releasing all the evil magical power so that Yavanarani could continue to rule Vedhalapuram as a tyrantess without his control after his death. Marudheeran realises that the Queen can be returned to normal only if her staff, which is the source of her magical power, is destroyed. Marudheeran and Manthagini find her performing the Kanya Puja on Pavalamalli. After a bitter sword fight with the Queen, he manages to destroy the staff, thus restoring the Queen to her normal self. In gratitude for releasing her from the evil magical influence, Yavanarani makes Marudheeran heir to the throne of Vedhalapuram.","parent_id":"24a6e16b0c65eaa2351d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"24a6e16b0c65eaa2351d:3","document_content":"# Puli (2015 film)\n- Vijay as Marudheeran and Pulivendhan, Marudheeran's father (dual role)\n- Sudeep as Senadhipathy Jalatharangan, an evil demon intending to take control of the city Vedhalapuram\n- Sridevi as demon Queen Yavanarani and Pulivendhan elder sister, and her demon husband was killed by Jalatharangan to take control of her\n- Shruti Haasan as a human girl Pavazhamalli, first wife of Marudheeran\n- Hansika Motwani as Princess Manthagini, second wife of Marudheeran\n- Prabhu as Vembunathan, foster father of Marudheeran\n- Nandita Swetha as Princess Pushpa, wife of Pulivendhan, Marudheeran's original mother\n- Vijayakumar as Pulivendhan and Yavanarani's father, Vedhala Mannan\n- Thambi Ramaiah as Kodangi\n- Sathyan as Sama\n- Karunas as Sooran\n- Ali as Karki Newton, the Liliput King\n- Aadukalam Naren as Pavazhamalli\\'s father\n- Gayathri Raman as Pavazhamalli\\'s mother\n- Joe Malloori as Herbalist\n- Robo Shankar as Albert @ Alpha\n- Imman Annachi as Peter @ Beta\n- Vidyullekha Raman as Einstein Kamalakshi @ Gamma\n- Raveena Daha as Pulivendhan\\'s sister\n- Jangiri Madhumitha as Tharagamangalam\n- Jasper as Jalatharangan\\'s assistant\n- Sugunthan as Vedhalam\n- Ajay Rathnam as Pei-azhagu Kuruvi\n- Junior Balaiah\n- Sangili Murugan\n- Vadivukkarasi\n- Tinnu Anand\n- G. M. Kumar\n- Sampath Ram\n- I. S. Rajesh\n- TSR","parent_id":"24a6e16b0c65eaa2351d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"24a6e16b0c65eaa2351d:4","document_content":"# Puli (2015 film)\n### Pre-production\nChimbu Deven was reported to be working on a \\\"fantasy film set in contemporary times\\\" in January 2011 for UTV Motion Pictures, and Dhanush was subsequently signed on to play the leading role. The film was titled as *Maareesan*, with G. V. Prakash Kumar and Kathir signed on as composer and cinematographer respectively. At the same time, the team revealed filming would start in late 2011. Hansika Motwani was confirmed to play the leading female role in the film, while Vadivelu was also reported to be a part of the cast. However, in October 2011, UTV Motion Pictures left the project citing the escalating budget and Aascar Films replaced them as producers. The project later failed to take off, and the actor and director moved on to work on other ventures. During the production of his *Oru Kanniyum Moonu Kalavaanikalum* (2014) in late 2013, Chimbu Deven restarted preliminary work on the fantasy film and narrated the script to Vijay, who expressed interest in being a part of the project. Subsequently, the project found producers in P. T. Selvakumar, Vijay\\'s press relations officer, and Shibu of Thameen Films, who have previously distributed several of Vijay\\'s films across Kerala. The two producers came together to form a new production house, SKT Films and announced that production would begin after the completion of Vijay\\'s work in AR Murugadoss\\'s *Kaththi* (2014).","parent_id":"24a6e16b0c65eaa2351d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"24a6e16b0c65eaa2351d:5","document_content":"# Puli (2015 film)\n### Development\nAlthough early reports suggested that A. R. Rahman would be the film\\'s music composer, the team later confirmed Devi Sri Prasad had been signed. Natarajan Subramaniam chose to continue his work as a cinematographer with the film, despite his acting success in *Sathuranga Vettai* (2014), revealing he was excited to work alongside such an ensemble cast. T. Muthuraj was announced as the film\\'s art director and began work alongside his commitments in Shankar\\'s *I* (2014), while lyricist Vairamuthu also joined the crew. The team also picked five costume designers to take care of clothing for the actors, with Manish Malhotra, Deepali Noor, Chaitanya Rao, Siva and Sai all brought on board. Furthermore, four stunt choreographers were selected to take care of action scenes with international technicians Sang Lin and Pradit Seeluem, brought in to work alongside Sunil Rodrigues and Dilip Subbarayan. National Award winner, R.C Kamalakannan was signed on to be in charge of the film\\'s animations and special effects, PhantomFx, a Chennai-based VFX company known for the movie Indru Netru Naalai, handled most of the VFX shots, and the rest were split among several studios. Chimbu Deven subsequently worked on finalising the script of the film between January and August 2014. Chimbu Deven and cinematographer Natarajan Subramaniam scouted locations in Kerala in August 2014, finalising schedules in Chalakudi and Nelliyampathy.\n\n### Casting\nIn April 2014, reports suggested Kannada actor Sudeep was approached to play a parallel leading role in the film, while contrasting reports noted he would play the lead antagonist. Sudeep later confirmed his participation in the film, adding it would see him in a \\\"first of its kind\\\" role. The team then successfully signed on actress Sridevi to portray a supporting role of a princess in the film, with the actress appearing in a Tamil film for the first time in 29 years. This was her final Tamil film before her death in 2018. Another senior actor, Prabhu, also signed on after being approached by the director to portray a character role.","parent_id":"24a6e16b0c65eaa2351d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"24a6e16b0c65eaa2351d:6","document_content":"# Puli (2015 film)\n### Casting\nChimbu Deven revealed that the film would feature two leading female roles to appear alongside Vijay. Initial reports had linked Priyanka Chopra and Deepika Padukone to the roles, but high remuneration subsequently meant neither were signed. Shruti Haasan confirmed that she had signed the film in July 2014, making a comeback to Tamil films after a two-year hiatus following *3* (2012). Hansika Motwani was also added to the cast thereafter to portray a princess, the daughter of Sridevi\\'s character. Thambi Ramaiah and Vidyullekha Raman were also selected to portray roles in the film, while comedians Sathyan, Robo Shankar and Imman Annachi joined the team in the first schedule. A press release in early January 2015 added actors Naren, Vijaykumar, Ali, Karunas and Joe Malloori to the film\\'s cast. In April 2015, Nandita Swetha joined the cast to play a small and pivotal role, after Bhavana had turned down the offer. Gayathri Raman stated that she had portrayed Shruti\\'s mother in the film.\n\n### Filming\nThe team began filming on 10 November 2014 at the Adityaram Studios on the East Coast Road, Chennai, where a song featuring Vijay and Hansika Motwani was shot in a set replicating a castle put up by art director, T. Muthuraj. The team then set up base in Pannaiyapuram for a forty-five-day stint, with hundreds of extras and technicians gathered from neighbouring states. A second schedule continued throughout December, after which it was reported that the film was twenty per cent complete. After a Christmas break, production restarted in early January 2015, and carried on in the outskirts of the city until mid-January. Reports which suggested that the team had secured permission to film at the Mysore Palace was dismissed by the makers as speculation.","parent_id":"24a6e16b0c65eaa2351d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"24a6e16b0c65eaa2351d:7","document_content":"# Puli (2015 film)\n### Filming\nThe film had begun shoot without a title and had been widely referred to in the media as *Vijay 58*. Other titles such as *Garuda*, the script\\'s original name *Maareesan*, *Maru Dheeran* and *Por Vaal* were also registered by the producers, while finalising on a title. The team consequently confirmed the title as *Puli* in early January 2015, after having bought the rights from director S. J. Surya.\nThe film score and soundtrack was composed by Devi Sri Prasad collaborating with Vijay for the third time after *Sachein* (2005) and *Villu* (2009). The audio rights of the film were sold to Sony Music India. The album features six tracks, all of them were written by lyricist Vairamuthu.\nThe song teaser of \\\"Yendi Yendi\\\" sung by Vijay and Shruti Hassan, was released on 24 July 2015. The audio launch event was held on 2 August 2015. The event was telecasted live in YouTube.\nBehindwoods rated the album 2.75 out of 5 and stated, \\\"Puli\\'s music will need the grand visuals as it is programmed keeping in mind whats going to come onscreen.\\\" Indiaglitz gave the same rating and stated \\\"The album in all is racy but only in parts. The energy, which is typical of DSP seems to have dipped in his snoopiness for the choice of instruments, orchestrina of genres and classic melodies. However, most part of the album sounds just for situational numbers. Let\\'s catch the complete action on the screen.\\\"\nThe first look poster was released on 21 June 2015, ahead of Vijay\\'s birthday; and on his birthday, the makers revealed the teaser trailer of the film. However, the teaser was leaked hours before the official release. Despite, its leak the teaser crossed 2 million views within 45 minutes of its release. The promo song teaser of \\\"Yendi Yendi\\\" was released on 24 July 2015, in order to promote the audio launch of the film. The trailer of this film is supposed to be released on 2 August 2015, during the film\\'s audio launch, but it was not confirmed by the makers.","parent_id":"24a6e16b0c65eaa2351d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"24a6e16b0c65eaa2351d:8","document_content":"# Puli (2015 film)\n### Filming\nThe first trailer of the film was released through YouTube on 19 August 2015. The trailer became the first Tamil film to hit 100k likes, and also became the most liked Indian trailer on YouTube, beating the previous record held by *Kick*. The trailer also crossed 2 million views, within 49 minutes. In order to promote the film, the makers released a new promo song, featuring the music composer Devi Sri Prasad on 14 September 2015. The second trailer of the film was released on 23 September 2015. The teaser crossed 13 million views with 50k likes. The makers released an action 3D game for *Puli* on Google Playstore, Windows Store and Apple Store. A 3D game titled *Epic Clash* was released based on the characters of *Puli*.\n\n### Theatrical\nPuli was initially slated to release, coinciding with the Ganesh Chathurthi festival on 17 September 2015. But the release was postponed due to heavy work of computer graphics in the film. The makers finally zeroed on 1 October 2015, as the release date, which also coincides veteran actor Sivaji Ganesan\\'s birthday and also announced that the film would be dubbed and released in Telugu and Hindi languages, both versions released on 1 October 2015 along with the Tamil version.\nTamil Nadu theatrical rights for the film were bought by Sri Thenandal films. Ayngaran International purchased the overseas rights while Thameens purchased the Kerala distribution rights. The Karnataka distribution rights were purchased by the Producer and director S. Narayan. Telugu rights were bought by SVR Cinema. North India release rights were acquired by Pahlaj Nihalani. The film was also released in China and Japan.\n\n### Home media\nThe Tamil, Telugu and Hindi satellite rights of the film were totally sold for 100 crore to Indian TV channels.","parent_id":"24a6e16b0c65eaa2351d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"24a6e16b0c65eaa2351d:9","document_content":"# Puli (2015 film)\n### Box office\nOn the first day, it collected 10.75 crore in Tamil Nadu. It grossed 28.6 crore worldwide on its opening day Thursday. In the second day the film grossed 27.5 crore worldwide. It collected 3.87 crore in four days in Kerala. In the first weekend, the film collected 64 crore worldwide, with 2.84 gross in Chennai city alone beating S.S Rajamouli\\'s *Baahubali*, as the latter collected only 1.64 crore; and 4.65 crore from Telugu states\nHowever, it is reported according to *International Business Times* that the film performed poorly in its third week at the box office. The film performed well overseas.\n\n### Critical response\nThe film received mixed reviews and poor ratings from Telugu film critics. Behindwoods praised the production design and visual effects of the film but criticised the screenplay, rating the film 2.75\/5. \\\"When Superstars pick such new scripts, there are lots of good things that can happen to cinema. Applause to Vijay for that\\\". *The Times of India* rated the film 2.5\/5, stating \\\"Puli (Tiger) is your Indian cinema version of Gulliver and the Lilliput\\'s fairy tale. A lavishly mounted fantasy adventure, at the core it is basically a love story.\\\" Latha Srinivasan of Daily News and Analysis gave the film 2.5\/5 stars, deeming the film a \\\"visual treat\\\" with a disappointing screenplay. She praised the cinematography, visual effects and performances of the cast, but criticised the story, noting that the genre might be new for Tamil cinema, but \\\"the story is not something new and it moves at such a slow pace that it gets tiring to watch in places.\\\" Koimoi.com rated the film 2\/5, stating \\\"If you are a die-hard Vijay fan then you may but if you are looking for something unique, the film will fail you. It creates an illusion of being smart but in reality, it lacks any kind of logic.\\\" Bollywood Hungama rated the film 2\/5, writing, \\\"On the whole, PULI is a strictly average fare. Watch it if you are a Sridevi or a Vijay fan. Otherwise, this fantasy is a bore fest.\\\"","parent_id":"24a6e16b0c65eaa2351d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"24a6e16b0c65eaa2351d:10","document_content":"# Puli (2015 film)\n### Critical response\nSaibal Chatterjee from NDTV rated the film 2\/5, writing that \\\"Puli gets two stars for ambition and scale, but none for execution.\\\" Raja Sen rated the film 1.5\/5, writing, \\\"Clearly Puli needs you to make (or carry) your own entertainment.\\\" Mumbai Mirror rated the film 1.5\/5, writing, \\\"Fantasy films allow defying logic, physics and biology, as long as it fascinates. This one makes a jaded attempt to recreate tested ideas and wages a war against one\\'s brain cells.\\\" *The Indian Express* rated the film 1.5\/5, writing, \\\"The bigger the film doesn\\'t always mean the greater it is, and there can\\'t be a better example of this than Vijay\\'s big-budget fantasy drama \\\"Puli\\\", which isn\\'t a bad film, but worse.\\\" *India Today* rated the film 1.5\/5, stating \\\"Vijay\\'s fantasy film tries hard to roar but ends up squeaking.\\\" Mid-Day rated the film 1.5\/5, writing, \\\"Not fair to compare, maybe, but one cannot help it. \\'Puli\\', at best, looks like the poor, underfed cousin of \\'Bahubali\\', the other fantasy film that we were treated to not so long ago. The setting is almost the same. Kings, queens, waterfalls and forests and a newborn child being found in the ocean, but Puli proves that director Chimbu Deven doesn\\'t even remotely share the grand vision of SS Rajamouli\\'s.\\\" Gautaman Bhaskaran of *Hindustan Times* gave the film 1\/5 stars saying, \\\"Chimbu Deven could have thought of something better than this juvenile romp into fantasy land.\\\"","parent_id":"24a6e16b0c65eaa2351d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"24a6e16b0c65eaa2351d:11","document_content":"# Puli (2015 film)\n### Critical response\nBoth Baradwaj Rangan of *The Hindu* and S Saraswathi of Rediff.com gave negative reviews. Both critics also stated that several dialogues of Vijay were meant as declarations of political intent. Rangan wrote, \\\"Put differently, Chimbu Deven has forgotten to make a movie for adults.\\\" Comparing *Puli* with *Baahubali*, another historical fiction film, he said that there was \\\"a sustained commitment to storytelling\\\" in the latter, which was missing in *Puli*. IBNLive rated the film 1\/5, writing \\\"If adventure is your genre, and Sridevi your fantasy, I\\'ll wholeheartedly recommend K. Raghavendra Rao\\'s \\'Jagadeka Veerudu Athiloka Sundari\\' in which Sridevi is joined by Chiranjeevi on a whirlwind tour of fantasy, games, childish humor, action, and terrific music by Ilaiyaraaja. Coming to *Puli*, it\\'s clearly a case of a misguided shot.\\\" Indiaglitz rated the film 2.75\/5 and concluded, \\\"Despite some drawbacks and disappointments, \\'Puli\\' ends up as a decent fantasy entertainer that will be especially liked by Children and Vijay who retains his form and charm as always lives up to his mass appeal\\\" *DNA India* regarded that the film\\'s weaponry, armour, costumes and fighting skills were inspired from *Game of Thrones*, whereas Vijay and Sudeep\\'s characterisations had resemblances to Jon Snow and Stannis Baratheon.\nThe film attracted fandom among the younger audience. Baradwaj Rangan of *The Hindu* writes, \\\"Put differently, Chimbu Deven has forgotten to make a movie for adults. His inventions surprise us, delight us for a second or two -- and then we're back to the turgid story.\\\"\nIn 2015, following the film\\'s overseas success, *International Business Times* pointed out that *Puli* is one of the South Indian films that has taken the standard to international level.","parent_id":"24a6e16b0c65eaa2351d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a5cce979ea02e1f289b0:0","document_content":"# The Boy and the Beast\n`is\u00a0a\u00a02015\u00a0Japanese\u00a0animated\u00a0action-adventure\u00a0fantasy\u00a0film\u00a0written\u00a0and\u00a0directed\u00a0by\u00a0Mamoru\u00a0Hosoda.\u00a0The\u00a0film\u00a0stars\u00a0the\u00a0voices\u00a0of\u00a0K\u014dji\u00a0Yakusho,\u00a0Aoi\u00a0Miyazaki,\u00a0Sh\u014dta\u00a0Sometani,\u00a0Suzu\u00a0Hirose,\u00a0Kazuhiro\u00a0Yamaji,\u00a0Mamoru\u00a0Miyano,\u00a0Kappei\u00a0Yamaguchi,\u00a0Keishi\u00a0Nagatsuka,\u00a0Kumiko\u00a0As\u014d,\u00a0Haru\u00a0Kuroki,\u00a0Sumire\u00a0Morohoshi,\u00a0Momoka\u00a0\u014cno,\u00a0Masahiko\u00a0Tsugawa,\u00a0Lily\u00a0Franky\u00a0and\u00a0Yo\u00a0Oizumi.\u00a0It\u00a0was\u00a0released\u00a0on\u00a0July\u00a011,\u00a02015.\u00a0It\u00a0won\u00a0Animation\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0Year\u00a0at\u00a0the\u00a037th\u00a0Japan\u00a0Academy\u00a0Prizes\u00a0and\u00a0grossed\u00a0\u00a0at\u00a0the\u00a0Japanese\u00a0box\u00a0office.`\nNine-year-old Ren has recently lost his mother. With no news of his father and refusing to live with his legal guardians, Ren flees into the streets of Shibuya. Ren steals some food and sleeps in an alley, reminiscing the aftermath of his mother\\'s funeral.\nIn the Beast Kingdom, the grandmaster has decided he will retire in order to reincarnate as a deity and names two potential successors: the popular I\u014dzen, who is also the father of two children, and the powerful Kumatetsu, who is lonely and lazy. The Grandmaster suggests that Kumatetsu find a disciple in hopes of inspiring him to succeed him.\nWhile wandering the streets of Tokyo with his makeshift companion, Tatara, Kumatetsu meets Ren and suggests that the boy becomes his disciple. Though Ren is fiercely opposed, he follows Kumatetsu back to the Beast Kingdom out of curiosity but is unable to go back to the human world. As he watches a battle between I\u014dzen and Kumatetsu, Ren is impressed with Kumatetsu\\'s persistence despite the lack of support from onlookers. When Ren cheers for him, Kumatetsu is easily defeated. However, the Grandmaster declares the actual duel of succession has not come yet.","parent_id":"a5cce979ea02e1f289b0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a5cce979ea02e1f289b0:1","document_content":"# The Boy and the Beast\nTaking Ren as a disciple, Kumatetsu gives him a new name, Ky\u016bta. Their initial training sessions go poorly, but Ky\u016bta realizes that he can learn from Kumatetsu by imitating him while performing his household chores. The boy gradually discovers that he can predict his master\\'s movements, and can dodge and move adeptly in combat. They soon begin training together. After eight years, the teenage Ky\u016bta has become a distinguished kendo practitioner. Moreover, through his relationship with Ky\u016bta, Kumatetsu gains his own following of supporters, including the younger son of I\u014dzen, Jir\u014dmaru, who wishes to be trained by Kumatetsu.\nKy\u016bta finds a way back to the human world, and befriends Kaede, a young student. In the process, Ky\u016bta finds his father, who had been searching for Ren since he disappeared and wants to catch up. Torn by his double life, he is unable to reconcile the resentment he had as Ren and the lack of connections he has as Ky\u016bta. When he rejects both his father and Kumatetsu, he discovers a powerful void within himself that nearly overwhelms him, until Kaede gets him to calm down and gives him a bracelet that has helped her when she becomes anxious.\nOn the day of the succession duel, Kumatetsu loses confidence without Ky\u016bta\\'s encouragement and is nearly subdued by I\u014dzen. However, Ky\u016bta has been secretly watching and reveals himself, helping Kumatetsu defeat I\u014dzen. When Kumatetsu is declared the winner and the new lord, I\u014dzen\\'s elder son Ichir\u014dhiko is revealed to be a human who had been found on the streets of Tokyo as an infant and adopted by I\u014dzen. Having developed a vacuum in his heart like Ky\u016bta, unwilling to believe that he is a human and not a beast, Ichir\u014dhiko manifests telekinetic powers and seriously injures Kumatetsu with I\u014dzen\\'s sword. Ky\u016bta is nearly overtaken by his own emptiness and tries to kill Ichir\u014dhiko, but regains his senses with Kaede\\'s bracelet as Ichir\u014dhiko is consumed by darkness and disappears.","parent_id":"a5cce979ea02e1f289b0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a5cce979ea02e1f289b0:2","document_content":"# The Boy and the Beast\nKy\u016bta decides to leave for the human world to fight Ichir\u014dhiko. When Kaede refuses to leave him, they are attacked by Ichir\u014dhiko, who takes the form of a destructive whale. Unable to hold his own against Ichir\u014dhiko, the young man decides to use the vacuum within himself to absorb his opponent\\'s negative energy and then kill himself, saving everyone else. However, Kumatetsu uses his new privilege as the lord and reincarnates as a deity, taking the form of a sword \\\"to be handled with the heart\\\" in reference to their first training session together. He merges with his pupil\\'s form, filling his empty void within him. Together, the two manage to defeat Ichir\u014dhiko without killing him. Ichir\u014dhiko wakes up surrounded by his adoptive family with no memory of his time possessed by the darkness and with Ren\\'s bracelet on his wrist. Meanwhile; back in Shibuya, Ren is talking to Kumatetsu (who now resides inside him) and the two have a heartfelt moment together, with Kumatetsu promising to always be there for Ren and threatening to beat him up from the inside if he wavers again.\nIn the aftermath, Ren celebrates his victory with Kaede in the Beast Kingdom and returns to the human world. After reconciling with his father and himself, Ren decides to live once again in the human world with Kumatetsu forever residing in his heart.\nCharacter\nCast\n`Japanese`\n`English`\n`Kumatetsu\u00a0(\u718a\u5fb9)`\n`K\u014dji\u00a0Yakusho`\n`John\u00a0Swasey`\n`Ky\u016bta\u00a0(\u4e5d\u592a)\/Ren\u00a0(\u84ee)`\n`Sh\u014dta\u00a0Sometani,Aoi\u00a0Miyazaki\u00a0(child)`\n`Eric\u00a0Vale,Luci\u00a0Christian\u00a0(child)`\n`Kaede\u00a0(\u6953)`\n`Suzu\u00a0Hirose`\n`Bryn\u00a0Apprill`\n`Tatara\u00a0(\u591a\u3005\u826f)`\n`Yo\u00a0Oizumi`\n`Ian\u00a0Sinclair`\n`Hyakush\u016bb\u014d\u00a0(\u767e\u79cb\u574a)`\n`Lily\u00a0Franky`\n`Alex\u00a0Organ`\n`S\u014dshi\u00a0(\u5b97\u5e2b)`\n`Masahiko\u00a0Tsugawa`\n`Steve\u00a0Powell`\n`I\u014dzen\u00a0(\u732a\u738b\u5c71)`\n`Kazuhiro\u00a0Yamaji`\n`Sean\u00a0Hennigan`\n`Ichir\u014dhiko\u00a0(\u4e00\u90ce\u5f66)`\n`Mamoru\u00a0Miyano,Haru\u00a0Kuroki\u00a0(child)`\n`Austin\u00a0Tindle,\u00a0Morgan\u00a0Berry\u00a0(child)`","parent_id":"a5cce979ea02e1f289b0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a5cce979ea02e1f289b0:3","document_content":"# The Boy and the Beast\n`Jir\u014dmaru\u00a0(\u4e8c\u90ce\u4e38)`\n`Kappei\u00a0Yamaguchi,Momoka\u00a0Ono\u00a0(child)`\n`Josh\u00a0Grelle,Brittney\u00a0Karbowski\u00a0(child)`\n`Chiko\u00a0(\u30c1\u30b3)`\n`Sumire\u00a0Morohoshi`\n`Monica\u00a0Rial`\n`Ky\u016bta's\u00a0Father`\n`Keishi\u00a0Nagatsuka`\n`Chuck\u00a0Huber`\n`Ky\u016bta's\u00a0Mother`\n`Kumiko\u00a0As\u014d`\n`Jessica\u00a0Cavanagh`\nThe film was released on July 11, 2015 in Japan. The film received its International Premiere at the Toronto International Film Festival and its UK Premiere at the BFI London Film Festival on October 16, 2015.\nIn December 2014, Gaumont secured international sales outside Asia and theatrical distribution rights in France. The film was released in France on January 13, 2016. Funimation licensed the film for the United States release; it opened in select theaters there on March 4, 2016. It has been licensed by StudioCanal for the UK and Ireland release, Madman Entertainment for the Australian release, and Mongrel Media for the Canadian release.\n\n### Box office\nThe film was #1 at the Japanese box office during its opening weekend, replacing Avengers: Age of Ultron, and earning approximately on 492,000 admissions from 457 screens. In its second weekend, *The Boy and the Beast* earned \\$3.89 million, marking a 29.1% decline and dropping to number two, overtaken by *Hero 2*. The film was Japan\\'s second highest-grossing film in the year 2015 with a total box office gross of (converted from yen) .\nThe film ranked #28 at the American box office during its opening weekend on March 4, 2016. As of March 16, 2016, the film has an American box office gross of \\$474,308.\n\n### Critical response\nThe review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes reported that 90% of critics have given the film a positive review based on 67 reviews, with an average rating of 7.34\/10. The website\\'s critical consensus reads, \\\"*The Boy and the Beast* combines familiar parts to create a gripping, beautifully animated adventure with inventive storytelling to match its visual appeal.\\\" Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned a score of 65 out of 100 based on 15 critics, indicating \\\"generally favorable reviews\\\".","parent_id":"a5cce979ea02e1f289b0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a5cce979ea02e1f289b0:4","document_content":"# The Boy and the Beast\n### Critical response\nMark Schilling of *The Japan Times* said that the film \\\"has more in common with the \"Harry Potter\" series than the usual female-centered Miyazaki fantasy\\\" and would later say that the storyline \\\"stays centered on Ky\u016bta's long, vexed struggle to become not only strong, but also whole.\\\" Richard Eisenbeis of *Kotaku* said *The Boy and the Beast* \\\"is an entertaining coming-of-age adventure on one hand and an excellent thematic exploration on the other. This is one of those films that is perfect for any age group---there's something for everyone in this one.\\\" Charles Solomon of the *Los Angeles Times* said the film \\\"is a bracing tale of two flawed individuals who find the love and discipline they need to assume their rightful places in their respective worlds.\\\" Peter Debruge of *Variety* called it \\\"an action-packed buddy movie that strategically combines several of Japanese fans' favorite ingredients: conflicted teens, supernatural creatures and epic battles.\\\" Peter Keough of *The Boston Globe* gave the film 2.5 out of 4 stars and wrote that Hosoda \\\"does know how to mix an eclectic array of film plots and concepts into a mish-mash that seems original.\\\" Pat Padua of *The Washington Post* wrote, \\\"But it is the world of man, not beast, that makes this coming-of-age movie most touching.\\\"","parent_id":"a5cce979ea02e1f289b0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a5cce979ea02e1f289b0:5","document_content":"# The Boy and the Beast\n### Critical response\nWhile popular in Japan, in the west the film has a more mixed reaction. Andy Webster of *The New York Times* was more critical of the film, saying \\\"Mr.\u00a0Hosoda is skilled with fight scenes, and his settings --- the pastel-hued J\u016btengai and the drab Shibuya, evoked at times with surveillance-camera perspectives and crowd-paranoia angles --- are impressive. But the characterizations and conflicts here are strictly generic.\\\" Sherilyn Connelly of *The Village Voice* said that the film \\\"works with many common anime tropes but doesn\\'t find anything new to say about them.\\\" Marc Savlov of *The Austin Chronicle* gave the film 2.5 out of 5 stars and said \\\"A huge success in Japan, this thrilling, if overlong, epic from director Mamoru Hosoda (*Wolf Children*, *Summer Wars*) is part *Karate Kid* and part Japanese folklore.\\\" Jacob Chapman of Anime News Network had a mixed response to the film and said \\\"*The Boy and The Beast* is the kind of movie you put on to please a kid with its loudness and color, but promptly leave the room to do something else.","parent_id":"a5cce979ea02e1f289b0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"87a21cbbbc8ff654b1c1:0","document_content":"# Brimstone (2016 film)\n***Brimstone*** is a 2016 Western film written and directed by Martin Koolhoven, starring Dakota Fanning, Guy Pearce, Emilia Jones, Kit Harington, and Carice van Houten. The film is a Dutch-American as well as French, German, Belgian and Swedish international production.\nIt was selected to compete for the Golden Lion at the 73rd Venice International Film Festival on 3 September 2016, where it caused controversy. It premiered in the Netherlands on 12 January 2017, where it was very well received, as in the rest of Europe and was released on 10 March in the United States, where it received mixed reviews from critics.\n`Narrative\u00a0acts`\n`1.\u00a0Revelation`\n`2.\u00a0Exodus`\n`3.\u00a0Genesis`\n`4.\u00a0Retribution`\nThe plot consists of four acts, which are presented in anachronic order. The chronological order is acts 3 (Genesis), 2 (Exodus), 1 (Revelation), 4 (Retribution). So, after the first act, Revelation, the following acts are what happened before and the fourth act is chronologically the last.","parent_id":"87a21cbbbc8ff654b1c1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"87a21cbbbc8ff654b1c1:1","document_content":"# Brimstone (2016 film)\n**1. Revelation**\nLiz lives in the old west with her husband Eli and two children: Eli\\'s son Matthew from Eli\\'s prior marriage, and Liz and Eli\\'s young daughter Sam. Liz is a midwife who can hear but is mute, and so communicates through sign language. A new minister comes to their church, and the moment that Liz hears his voice, she seems to recognize him and is terrified. Later that day Liz is forced to choose between delivering a baby safely or saving its mother; she chooses to euthanise the baby and save the mother, without telling the mother until after the procedure is finished. Afterwards, the father, Nathan, blames Liz. A drunken Nathan later shows up at Eli and Liz\\'s house, violent and threatening; Nathan claims Liz is responsible for his son\\'s death. In the middle of the fight, the Reverend shows up and tells Nathan to leave. He then goes into Eli\\'s house and has a mysterious talk with Liz, saying she is guilty of the murder of Nathan\\'s son and must be punished. As Eli overhears some of the conversation, the Reverend leaves the house. Later\nEli\\'s sheep are found dead, and he seeks out Nathan, who has since disappeared. Liz later sneaks off at night to murder the Reverend, but finds her daughter\\'s doll in the Reverend\\'s bed instead. Meanwhile, the Reverend disembowels Eli, and leaves him to die in his barn. As he is dying, Eli tells Matthew to take the family up into the mountains to Eli\\'s father, before the boy shoots him. Liz and the children flee the farm.","parent_id":"87a21cbbbc8ff654b1c1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"87a21cbbbc8ff654b1c1:2","document_content":"# Brimstone (2016 film)\n**2. Exodus**\nA young girl named Joanna walking through the desert is picked up by a Chinese family. In the mining town of Bismuth, she\\'s sold to a brothel owned by Frank. Joanna is protected by Sally until Sally is hanged for shooting a violent customer; Elizabeth then protects Joanna. After Elizabeth bites the tongue of an abusive customer, her tongue is cut off in punishment. Joanna teaches Elizabeth sign language from a book the doctor gave her. Elizabeth plans to sneak out of Bismuth to start a new life, and arranges through a marriage broker to marry Eli.\nThe Minister comes to the brothel and becomes violent with Joanna. Elizabeth saves Joanna and is murdered by the Minister. Joanna slashes his throat and runs away, cutting off her own tongue and taking Elizabeth\\'s place with Eli.\n**3. Genesis**\nIn the desert, two badly wounded men, Samuel and Wolf, are the last survivors in a dispute over gold that has left several other men dead. They depart on a single horse. Young Joanna lives with her mother, Anna, and father, who is the Minister. Samuel and Wolf collapse at the farm and Joanna secretly cares for them. Anna confronts the Minister when she realizes he lusts after their daughter, so he beats and humiliates her by placing a scold\\'s bridle on her head. In response, Anna commits suicide in full view of the church congregation. The next day the Minister takes Joanna to church and starts to perform a wedding ceremony between himself and his daughter. Samuel tries to rescue her, but the Minister murders him. Her father whips Joanna and rapes her. In the morning she runs off.","parent_id":"87a21cbbbc8ff654b1c1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"87a21cbbbc8ff654b1c1:3","document_content":"# Brimstone (2016 film)\n**4. Retribution**\nMatthew is shot by the Minister as he follows Liz to her father-in-law\\'s place in the mountains. He murders her father-in-law and tells Liz he will beat and rape her daughter, but Liz murders him instead. Some time later, after Liz has turned Eli\\'s place into a sawmill, Nathan arrives to arrest her. The Minister had sent him to Bismuth where he became a deputy and then sheriff. Having found a wanted poster of Elizabeth Brundy (the woman without a tongue who killed Frank before she saved Liz\/Joanna), Nathan has come to arrest her (Liz). As Nathan is escorting her onto a ferry, with a last look at her daughter playing on the shore, Liz throws herself in the lake and drowns. Her daughter Sam, now a grown woman with a child of her own, remembers her well.\n- Dakota Fanning as Liz\n- Emilia Jones as Joanna\n- Guy Pearce as The Reverend (Minister)\n- Kit Harington as Samuel\n- Carice van Houten as Anna\n- Jack Roth as Wolf\n- Jack Hollington as Matthew\n- Paul Anderson as Frank\n- Carla Juri as Elizabeth\n- Vera Vitali as Sally\n- William Houston as Eli\n- Bill Tangradi as Nathan\n- Naomi Battrick as older Sam\n- Ivy George as Sam\n- Justin Salinger as Doctor\n- Frederick Schmidt as Sheriff Zeke\n- Adrian Sparks as Eli\\'s Father\n- Joseph Kennedy as the husband of pregnant woman\n- Martha Mackintosh as the pregnant woman\n- Hon Ping Tang as Meng\n- Fergus O\\'Donnell as Fred Eastman\n- Joe David Walters as customer Sally\n- Ad van Kempen as Arie\n- Frieda Pittoors as Agatha\n- Farren Morgan as Mike\n- Charlotte Croft as Abigail\n- Baely Saunders as Jackie\n- Paula Siu as Meng\\'s wife\n- Sue Maund as Abigail\\'s mother\n- Hans-Joachim van Wanrooij as Blacksmith\nOn 5 February 2015, Guy Pearce and Mia Wasikowska were the first to be announced as part of the cast of the film. Later, Robert Pattinson came on board to portray an outlaw along with Carice van Houten.","parent_id":"87a21cbbbc8ff654b1c1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"87a21cbbbc8ff654b1c1:4","document_content":"# Brimstone (2016 film)\nIn May 2015, Koolhoven confirmed that Jack Roth had joined the cast of the film. In June 2015, *The Hollywood Reporter* confirmed that Dakota Fanning and Kit Harington had replaced Wasikowska and Pattinson in the film, respectively. In 2017, Pattinson said he regretted not doing *Brimstone* and called it \\\"his own stupid fault\\\".\nPrincipal photography began from 15 June 2015, and took place in Germany, Hungary, Austria and Spain.\n*Brimstone*\\'s first commercial release was in The Netherlands on 12 January 2017, becoming Martin Koolhoven\\'s fifth consecutive hit film. The film was also released on 10 March 2017, in selected theaters and video on demand in the United States. It was sold to more than 80 countries in the world, making it the best sold Dutch movie ever.\n\n### Festival screenings\n*Brimstone* was shown in competition at the Venice Film Festival. After Venice, the film had its North American premiere as a *Special Presentation* at the Toronto International Film Festival where it received positive reviews. as it later did in other festivals like the Sitges Film Festival,\n\n### Critical reception\nIn The Netherlands, the film received generally positive reviews from critics and opened strongly. The readers of *True West Magazine* chose the movie as Best Foreign Western Movie. Koolhoven won the Gouden Pen (Golden Pen) for the screenplay and the Gouden Film (Golden Film) for the film. 29 September 2017 *Brimstone* won six Golden Calves (often called *\\\"The Dutch Oscars\\\"*) at the Netherlands Film Festival, breaking the old record of four.","parent_id":"87a21cbbbc8ff654b1c1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"87a21cbbbc8ff654b1c1:5","document_content":"# Brimstone (2016 film)\n### Critical reception\nOn review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a rating of 42% based on 76 reviews and the average rating is 5.09\/10. On Metacritic, the film has a score of 45 based on 17 reviews, indicating \\\"mixed or average reviews\\\". While *The Independent* wrote \\\"*Brimstone* is raw and very powerful filmmaking, a movie that can\\'t help but get under your skin\\\", *Variety* wrote it was \\\"highfalutin exploitation\\\", blaming it on the Netherlands, writing, \\\"It is, after all, a country that ever since the 1960s, especially in Amsterdam, has profferred a more liberal view than almost any other place of what might euphemistically be termed \\'youthful sexuality\\'.\\\" Roger Ebert\\'s publication referred to the film as \\\"dimwitted, amoral exploitation\\\" and accused Koolhoven of identifying most with the murderous and incestuous Reverend. Kevin Maher of the *Times UK* called it \\\"an exploitation western that veers from self-importance to high camp.\\\"\n*Brimstone* was released in the United Kingdom 29 September 2017, and was well received by British press. *Empire Magazine* gave it four stars and called it \\\"white-knuckle tense\\\", and Peter Bradshaw wrote in *The Guardian*: \\\"This epically long, lurid, violent western from Dutch film-maker Martin Koolhoven has a kind of Tarantino-ish prolixity and narrative ingenuity. Despite its very indulgent length, it never bores.\\\"","parent_id":"87a21cbbbc8ff654b1c1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"87a21cbbbc8ff654b1c1:6","document_content":"# Brimstone (2016 film)\n### Critical reception\n- Nominated -- Golden Lion, Venice Film Festival\n- Winner -- Golden Film\n- Winner -- Golden Pen, Martin Koolhoven\n- Nominated -- Best Film in the Official Competition, London Film Festival\n- Nominated -- PFS Award (Human Rights) by Political Film Society\n- Nominated -- Audience Award (Best Narrative Feature), Palm Springs International Film Festival\n- Winner -- Best Foreign Western Movie chosen by the readers of True West Magazine\n- Winner -- Ensor Award, Beste Co-productie at the Ostend Film Festival\n- Nominated -- Golden Calf, Carice van Houten, Best Actress in a supporting Role, Netherlands Film Festival\n- Nominated -- Golden Calf, Job ter Burg, Best Editing, Netherlands Film Festival\n- Nominated -- Golden Calf, Martin Koolhoven, Best Screenplay, Netherlands Film Festival\n- Winner -- Golden Calf, Floris Vos, Best Production Design, Netherlands Film Festival\n- Winner -- Golden Calf, Tom Holkenborg, Best Music, Netherlands Film Festival\n- Winner -- Golden Calf, Herman Pie\u00ebte, Best Sound Design, Netherlands Film Festival\n- Winner -- Golden Calf, Rogier Stoffers, Best Director of Photography, Netherlands Film Festival\n- Winner -- Golden Calf, Martin Koolhoven, Best Direction, Netherlands Film Festival\n- Winner -- Golden Calf, Els Vandevorst, Best Film, Netherlands Film Festival\n- Nominated -- Best Feature Length Film, Official Fantastic Competition, Sitges Film Festival\n- Nominated -- Best Film, International Ecumenical Award, Jameson CineFest -- Miskolc International Film Festival\n- Nominated -- Golden Frog, Rogier Stoffers, The International Film Festival of the Art of Cinematography Camerimage\n- Winner -- European Film Award, Leendert van Nimwegen, European Hair & Makeup Artist, European Film Academy\n- Winner -- Beste Dutch Film 2017, Circle of Dutch Film Journalists (KNF)\n- Nominated -- Zilveren Krulstaart, Martin Koolhoven, Best Feature, Screenplay Award\n- Winner -- DirectorsNL Award, Martin Koolhoven, Best Feature, Director\\'s Award given by DDG and Vevam Members\n- Nominated -- Saturn Award for Best International Film\n- Winner -- Best Feature, Almeria Western Film Festival","parent_id":"87a21cbbbc8ff654b1c1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7d9de566c9f315bcf7a9:0","document_content":"# Dororo (film)\n***Dororo*** is a 2007 Japanese action film based on the 1960s manga series by Osamu Tezuka. It was filmed in New Zealand. Universal Pictures picked up the US rights, while MVM Films have the UK rights. Better Luck Tomorrow producer Ernesto Foronda is allegedly working on a Hollywood version of *Dororo*.\nThe film\\'s storyline has some major differences from that of the manga, one of which is that Hyakkimaru and Dororo are significantly older than their manga incarnations.\nDororo is a young woman assuming the identity of a man despite others seeing through her brash and often violent exterior. When her father was killed by Daigo when he attempted to call the warlord out, the girl and her mother escaped into the wilderness. At her mother\\'s dying request, in order to carry on her father\\'s insurmountable vendetta against Daigo, the child takes on a man\\'s identity and grows up without a permanent home or any friends. As a result, She becomes a thief to make a living. Throughout her life, she\\'s denied any name, citing that the best thieves never revealed their names as doing so meant they could be hunted and arrested. Only after travelling with Hyakkimaru does she decide to take on the name \\\"Dororo\\\", as that name had been one of many that Hyakkimaru had acquired during his previous travels. Although Hyakkimaru explained it as meaning \\\"Little Monster,\\\" Dororo felt that it suited her better while Hyakkimaru kept his previous name.\nAbandoned at birth, Hyakkimaru\\'s body was sold to demons by his birth father, resulting in his lacking 48 body parts. He only survives because he is discovered by a master spellcaster, who takes pity on him and replaces his missing body parts with those of deceased children. From a young age, Hyakkimaru attracts a disproportionate amount of attention from supernatural beings, especially malignant ones. This supernatural magnetism results in the death of his adopted father. Hyakkimaru is emotionally destroyed but begins questing to destroy the demons and regain the body stolen from him at birth.","parent_id":"7d9de566c9f315bcf7a9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7d9de566c9f315bcf7a9:1","document_content":"# Dororo (film)\nAmong the demons Hyakkimaru encounters are a Jor\u014dgumo, the moth demoness who abducted abandoned children in order to feed her Hany\u014d offspring, a cherry blossom tree monster and a lizard monster. After killing a Daitengu and regaining his right arm, Hyakkimaru learns that his curse was his birth father\\'s doing and this man was in fact Daigo. Killing a pair of dog demons who tormented him about this revelation, Hyakkimaru gains his real eyes and is later confronted at daybreak by Tah\u014dmaru, the man he learned to be his younger brother. Expressing jealous rage towards Hyakkimaru due to their mother\\'s feelings for him, Tah\u014dmaru\\'s resulting anger brings about a confrontation in which he is accidentally killed by Hyakkimaru. By then, Daigo arrives and cuts down his wife while she, despite her own despair over Tah\u014dmaru\\'s death, tries to persuade Daigo to spare Hyakkimaru\\'s life, now their only living son. Though he came close to killing his father, Hyakkimaru refused and spared his father while telling him to strive for and create the utopia that Tah\u014dmaru had once envisioned. However, with the promise of reviving Tah\u014dmaru from the dead, Daigo sold his body to one of the demons with whom he made the original pact. Dororo tried to convince Daigo not to do it, telling him that the demon would use his body to rule the land and cause greater despair and suffering among the people. Daigo accepted the proposal nonetheless, but was able to muster enough control to hold the monster at bay for Hyakkimaru to kill him. Once dead, Hyakkimaru regained his heart, yet complained that the pain in his chest did not subside afterward, an indication that he was feeling remorse for the first time in his life. Though later offered the throne, Hyakkimaru declines and entrusts his brother with it as he and Dororo continue their quest to kill the remaining 24 demons.","parent_id":"7d9de566c9f315bcf7a9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7d9de566c9f315bcf7a9:2","document_content":"# Dororo (film)\n- Satoshi Tsumabuki - Hyakkimaru\n- K\u014d Shibasaki - Dororo\n- Kiichi Nakai - Kagemitsu Daigo\n- Yoshio Harada - Jukai\n- Eita - Tahomaru\n- Mieko Harada - Yuri\n- Katsuo Nakamura - Bipa\n- Tetta Sugimoto - Sabame","parent_id":"7d9de566c9f315bcf7a9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fc19d659b3894c4bdf4f:0","document_content":"# Mojin: The Lost Legend\n***Mojin: The Lost Legend*** (previously titled *The Ghouls*) (English: *Touching Gold: The Lost Legend*) is a 2015 Chinese action adventure fantasy thriller film based on the novel *Ghost Blows Out the Light*. It was directed by Wuershan and produced by Chen Kuo-fu. The film was released on December 18, 2015.\nAt the beginning of the 1990s, famous tomb explorer Hu Bayi, Wang Kaixuan, and Hu\\'s fianc\u00e9e Shirley Yang decided to retire to Manhattan. After a supposedly split of the team, Wang Kaixuan was pulled into a deal to locate the ancient tomb of a Mongolian princess. Hu Bayi has been having recurring nightmares of his first love, Ding Sitian, who had supposedly died 20 years before in an underground tomb beneath the Mongolian plains. The team is lured back to their original vocation by a mysterious, businesswoman\/cult leader Ying Caihong who wants them to find the ancient tomb of a Mongolian princess. They eventually learn that what she really wants is to possess a famed artifact known as the Equinox Flower that allegedly has the power to raise the dead.\n- Chen Kun as Hu Bayi.\n- Huang Bo as Wang Kaixuan.\n- Shu Qi as Shirley Yang.\n- Angelababy as Ding Sitian.\n- Xia Yu as Big Gold Tooth.\n- Liu Xiaoqing as Ying Caihong.\nThe film is based on the popular adventure novel series *Ghost Blows Out the Light* about a trio of legendary grave robbers, and is the second film following *Chronicles of the Ghostly Tribe* to be adapted based on the series. *Mojin* was based on the series\\' last four volumes while *Chronicles of the Ghostly Tribe* was based on series' first four volumes. After Wanda Media acquired the rights to film the last four volumes, other production companies such as Huayi Brothers Media and Beijing Enlight Pictures came on board, adding financial and produced the project.","parent_id":"fc19d659b3894c4bdf4f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fc19d659b3894c4bdf4f:1","document_content":"# Mojin: The Lost Legend\nFilming wrapped up in New York City in late March 2015. As of October 14, 2015, the film was being remastered for the IMAX 3D format.\nThe film was released in 2D, 3D, IMAX and IMAX 3D formats in China on December 18, 2015, and on the same day in the United States and Canada in 2D by Well Go USA Entertainment across 30 theaters. Following the huge commercial success of Chinese films like *Monster Hunt* and *Lost in Hong Kong*, Greg Foster, senior executive VP, IMAX Corporation and CEO of IMAX Entertainment said the company was looking forward to witness such success again with the film because the suspenseful and visual nature of the film, combined with the Chinese cultural interest in treasure-hunting, makes *Mojin: The Lost Legend* a perfect fit for the IMAX experience. It was released in a total of 269 IMAX screens in mainland China.\nDue to sensitive issues about the circulation of national treasures abroad and the reported prevalence of grave robbing in poorer parts of China, the subject was feared to be taboo on screen, making the project one of the Chinese film industry\\'s most anticipated movie over its three and a half production period.","parent_id":"fc19d659b3894c4bdf4f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fc19d659b3894c4bdf4f:2","document_content":"# Mojin: The Lost Legend\n### Box office\nPrior to its release, various film critics were predicting the film would be a significant hit at the box office. It is the highest-grossing IMAX film of all time in China with \\$27.1 million (as of January 6, 2016). *Mojin: The Lost Legend* earned US\\$26.4 million on its opening day in China which is the highest-grossing opening day for a 3D local language film. This includes the US\\$1.34 million it earned from midnight screenings, also a new record for a 3D local film. In addition to this, it earned the largest single-day gross for a local 3D title (\\$35.5 million on Saturday, December 19). Through its opening weekend, it grossed US\\$85 million (per Rentrak), US\\$91.9 million (per Entgroup) and debuted at No.\u00a01 in China and No.\u00a02 worldwide (behind *Star Wars: The Force Awakens*). The film has the third biggest three-day opening of all time in China behind *Monster Hunt* and *Lost in Hong Kong* (both of which were also released in 2015). Furthermore, it also broke the record for the biggest IMAX midnight gross (US\\$300,000), opening day (US\\$2.7 million) and opening weekend (US\\$7.5 million) from 250 IMAX screens.\nIn its second weekend, it grossed another US\\$44 million -- US\\$95.7 million in its full second week -- falling behind newcomer *Devil and Angel*. Of that US\\$6 million alone came from 259 IMAX screens for a 10-day cumulative of US\\$17.6 million becoming the second-highest grossing local language film for IMAX ever in China. The film went on to surpass *Monster Hunt* () to become the highest-grossing Chinese-language IMAX film in China, with . It is only behind *Furious 7* (US\\$39 million) when incorporating all kinds of films.\nIn the United States and Canada, it opened with US\\$280,000 from 22 theaters.","parent_id":"fc19d659b3894c4bdf4f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fc19d659b3894c4bdf4f:3","document_content":"# Mojin: The Lost Legend\n### Critical reception\nWhile the performances of the cast, special effects and action sequences have been praised, the film overall has received largely mixed reviews from western critics. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 50% approval rating, based on 6 reviews, with an average rating of 4.6\/10.\nDaniel M. Gold of *The New York Times* gave a negative review saying the film wastes some fine actors such as Shu Qi \\\"on predictable, one-dimensional characters, and once the tomb is entered, the underground sets become all but interchangeable. What starts eerie becomes strictly cartoonish.\\\" Likewise, the *Los Angeles Times* gave a negative review. Writing for rogerebert.com, Mark Dujsik awarded the film one and a half stars out of four calling it, \\\"equal parts shabby and discomforting.\\\"\nHowever, not all reviews were negative. David Noh of *Film Journal International* advised \\\"Grab a big bag of popcorn and a soda and sink yourself into this rambling but skillfully done and surprisingly deep Chinese action romp.\\\" Frank Scheck of *The Hollywood Reporter*---while criticising the film for being overlong, convoluted and repetitive---praised the action sequences and special effects, deeming them superb, and lauded the performances of the leads. Chief Asia film critic Maggie Lee of *Variety* agreed that the film provided \\\"enough robust action and technical moxie to make audiences overlook its formulaic plotting and rote characterizations.\\\" Jake Wilson of *The Sydney Morning Herald* gave the film three stars out of five, writing \\\"the result can feel a bit disjointed: it takes a long time for things to get started, and there are too many distractions for the hints of social commentary and tragedy to register with much force.\\\" But he praised the cinematography, comparing it to that of Peter Jackson\\'s work on *The Lord of the Rings* trilogy. The *Taipei Times* said the movie \\\"is lavish, packed with eye-dazzling action and fantastic plots, making it feel right at home among the *Lara Croft: Tomb Raider* films.\\\"\n\n### Accolades\n`Year\u00a0`\n`Award\u00a0`\n`Category\u00a0\u00a0`\n`Recipient(s)\u00a0and\u00a0nominee(s)\u00a0`\nResult\n`Notes`\n2016\n`23rd\u00a0Beijing\u00a0College\u00a0Student\u00a0Film\u00a0Festival\u00a0`\n`Best\u00a0Writing\u00a0`\nBest Visual Effects\n`33rd\u00a0Hundred\u00a0Flowers\u00a0Awards\u00a0`","parent_id":"fc19d659b3894c4bdf4f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fc19d659b3894c4bdf4f:4","document_content":"# Mojin: The Lost Legend\n### Accolades\n`Best\u00a0Film\u00a0`\n`Best\u00a0Director\u00a0`\n`Wuershan\u00a0`\n`Best\u00a0Actress\u00a0`\n`Shu\u00a0Qi\u00a0`\n`Best\u00a0Supporting\u00a0Actor\u00a0`\n`Xia\u00a0Yu\u00a0`\nBest Supporting Actress\n`Angelababy\u00a0`\n53rd Golden Horse Film Festival and Awards\n`Best\u00a0Visual\u00a0Effects\u00a0`\n`\u00a0Douglas\u00a0Hans\u00a0Smith,\u00a0Sam\u00a0Wang,\u00a0Sam\u00a0Khorshid,\u00a0Strilen\u00a0Liu`\nThe sequel of the film was released in 2018 titled *Mojin: The Worm Valley*","parent_id":"fc19d659b3894c4bdf4f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b5f2402f4e977d3f2080:0","document_content":"# Shivaay\n***Shivaay*** is a 2016 Indian Hindi-language action thriller film directed and produced by Ajay Devgn under his banner Ajay Devgn FFilms. The story and screenplay are written by Sandeep Shrivastava and the film features Ajay Devgn in the lead titular role along with debutante actresses Sayyeshaa, Abigail Eames and Erika Kaar in lead roles. Mithoon composed the film\\'s score and soundtrack. British band The Vamps and composer Jasleen Royal also contributed to the music.\n*Shivaay* was released on 28 October 2016 on the Diwali weekend. It was commercially successful, and ran for more than 50 days at the box office. It won the 64th National Film Award for Best Special Effects in 2017. It was screened at the 2017 Shanghai International Film Festival on 17 June 2017.\nShivaay (Ajay Devgn) is a skilled mountaineer who makes a living by providing treks and climbing expeditions to tourists. One day he meets Olga (Erika Kaar) and saves her from an avalanche. They eventually fall in love. Olga becomes pregnant but doesn\\'t want the child. Shivaay begs her to give him the child, after which he will not stop her. Nine years later, Shivaay leads a happy life with his mute daughter Gaura (Abigail Eames) until she discovers that Olga is still alive and in Bulgaria. Gaura insists Shivaay be taken to Bulgaria, and despite his old sorrows, Shivaay finally agrees to take her to Bulgaria, where he saves one young child from child traffickers. Shivaay seeks the Indian embassy\\'s help in tracing Olga and is assigned to Anu (Sayyesha Saigal).\nThe traffickers, led by the baron Ustinov and his right-hand man, the unseen Changez, come after Shivaay and kidnap Gaura. Shivaay chases the van, destroying various cars but loses the van and is arrested by the Bulgarian police, charged with murder and trafficking. While in the police van, Shivaay imagines the officers in the van to be the same masked traffickers, attacks them, throwing out every single officer. The van accidentally falls off a dam, and the police think that Shivaay is dead. But Shivaay escapes by jumping from the van due to his skills and survives.","parent_id":"b5f2402f4e977d3f2080","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b5f2402f4e977d3f2080:1","document_content":"# Shivaay\nShivaay brings one of the saved prostitutes from a brothel to Anu\\'s home to help her out. Anu, who misunderstood Shivaay earlier, agrees to help him. Olga, having now seen television coverage of Shivaay, meets him and joins him. They seek Wahab (Vir Das) help to recover CCTV footage Shivaay\\'s various chases. Ivanovich, Ustinov\\'s henchman, is beaten badly when he arrives there, after which he reveals Ustinov\\'s location, where Shivaay discovers that Gaura has been taken away to be sold into the flesh trade.\nShivaay chases after the transport van carrying his daughter off to Romania. A prolonged and vicious fight ensues as Changez, now revealed to be Captain Nikolai of the Bulgarian Police, attacks Shivaay but gets killed by the latter. Gaura is reunited with Olga, who is now married to a wealthy Bulgarian and can provide Gaura with every comfort. Shivaay doesn\\'t want to lose Gaura, but, seeing as Olga now beseeches him, he heavy-heartedly leaves for the airport, where Gaura arrives &, requesting not to leave her, runs into his arms.\n- Ajay Devgn as Shivaay, a tourist guide, mountaineer and Gaura\\'s father\n- Sayyeshaa as Anushka, a budding IFS officer at the Indian embassy in Sofia, Bulgaria\n- Erika Kaar as Olga, Shivaay\\'s former lover and the mother of Gaura\n- Abigail Eames as Gaura (Maharishi Gaura), Shivaay\\'s young daughter with his former lover, Olga\n- Vir Das as Wahab, an expert computer hacker who has a crush on Anushka\n- Girish Karnad as Anushka\\'s father\n- Markus Ertelt as Changez\/Sgt.\u00a0Nikolai\n- Saurabh Shukla as Sharma, Anushka\\'s boss in the Indian embassy in Sofia, Bulgaria\n- Bijou Thaangjam as Kancha, Shivaay\\'s friend\nThe shooting of the film started in November 2014, with the majority shot in Mussoorie, Bulgaria and Hyderabad.\n*Shivaay* released on 28 October 2016. It released internationally in 60 countries including Germany, France, Italy, Austria, Switzerland, Denmark, and Chile. However, the film was not released in Pakistan.","parent_id":"b5f2402f4e977d3f2080","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b5f2402f4e977d3f2080:2","document_content":"# Shivaay\nThe film\\'s runtime was later reduced by 19 minutes, and the new trimmed version was released in cinemas.\n\n### Piracy issue\nOn 27 October 2016, *The Indian Express* published that self-proclaimed film critic Kamaal R Khan had uploaded the opening sequence of the film on Twitter, which he shot in a theater in Dubai. Devgn, the producer, was quoted saying that he would take legal action against Khan.\n\n### Critical reception\n*Bollywood Hungama* gave Shivaay 3.5\/5 stars. \\\"*Shivaay* is a perfect emotional thriller that scores high on the account of its breathtaking visuals, amazing action and a high octane performance\\\". *Dainik Jagran* rated the film 3.5\/5, describing it as \\\"full of emotion and action.\\\" *The Times of India* gave the film 3\/5, praising the cinematography but criticizing the 3-hour runtime which was later trimmed. *Mumbai Mirror* also rated the film 3\/5, stating that the film \\\"scores fairly on most accounts.\\\" Bollywood Life rated the film 3\/5, writing \\\"Ajay Devgn\\'s directorial is all about its stunning visuals and breath taking action scenes.\\\" BookMyShow reviewed the film and called the film a \\\"perfect Diwali gift you can give yourself and your family this (Diwali) weekend.\\\"","parent_id":"b5f2402f4e977d3f2080","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b5f2402f4e977d3f2080:3","document_content":"# Shivaay\n### Critical reception\nRajeev Masand for News 18 gave the film 2 stars out of 5 and wrote, *What Ajay Devgan the star deserved, was a sharper director and a better script. In the end, there\\'s little else to Shivaay than the eye-watering locations (both in the Himalayas and in Bulgaria), and occasionally poignant moments between Devgan and the little girl who plays his daughter. Everything else is noise. Way too much noise.\\\" Writing for*The Hindu*, Namrata Joshi commented that the movie moves too slow, and \\\"turns out almost three hours long with just a wisp of a story.\\\" Anna MM Vetticad of Firstpost described it as a heavy-handed, over-stretched film.\nRating the film 1.5 stars out of 5, Ananya Bhattacharya of IndiaToday.in praised the cinematography but criticized the writing. Raja Sen of Rediff.com gave the film 1 out 5, calling it an \\\"absolute catastrophe\\\". Shubhra Gupta of*Indian Express\\'\\' wrote in a 1 out of 5-star review, \\\"The only thing your eye can rest on is the spectacular scenery. The rest is a bloated star vehicle.\\\"\nThe four-week worldwide grossing of film was between and .\n\n### India\n*Shivaay* was released alongside Karan Johar\\'s romantic drama *Ae Dil Hai Mushkil* and collected 102.4\u00a0million from India on its opening day, which was less than *Ae Dil Hai Mushkil*s 13.30 crore domestic first day. *Shivaay* grossed more than 1.39\u00a0billion.\n\n#### Overseas\nThe film collected from North America (USA and Canada), from UK, from Australia, from New Zealand and from Malaysia.\n*Shivaay*s soundtrack was composed by Mithoon with a guest vocal appearance by the British pop-rock band The Vamps. The lyrics were penned by Sayeed Quadri and Sandeep Shrivastava.","parent_id":"b5f2402f4e977d3f2080","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b5f2402f4e977d3f2080:4","document_content":"# Shivaay\n### India\n#### Overseas\nOn 11 September 2016 the title track, \\\"Bolo Har Har Har\\\", was released, sung by Mithoon, Mohit Chauhan, Sukhwinder Singh, Badshah, Megha Sriram Dalton, and Anugrah. The second song, \\\"Darkhaast\\\", was released on 22 September 2016, and featured vocals by Arijit Singh and Sunidhi Chauhan.\nAll music rights of *Shivaay* were acquired by T-Series.\n\n### Track listing\n`Awards\u00a0`\n`Category\u00a0`\n`Nominee\u00a0`\n`Status`\n`National\u00a0Film\u00a0Award\u00a0`\n`Best\u00a0Visual\u00a0Effects\u00a0`\n`NY\u00a0VFXWALA\u00a0`\n`Star\u00a0Screen\u00a0Awards\u00a0`\n`Best\u00a0Cinematography\u00a0`\n`Aseem\u00a0Bajaj\u00a0`\n`Best\u00a0Action\u00a0`\n`Jai\u00a0Singh\u00a0Nijjar\u00a0`\n`Zee\u00a0Cine\u00a0Award\u00a0`\n`Best\u00a0Visual\u00a0Effects\u00a0`\n`NY\u00a0VFXWALA\u00a0`\n`Best\u00a0Cinematography\u00a0`\n`Aseem\u00a0Bajaj\u00a0`\n`Best\u00a0Action\u00a0`\n`Jai\u00a0Singh\u00a0Nijjar\u00a0`\n`Stardust\u00a0Awards\u00a0`\n`Best\u00a0Breakthrough\u00a0Performance\u00a0(Male)\u00a0`\n`Ajay\u00a0Devgn\u00a0`\nAn official game based on this film has been released by Zapak Mobile Games Pvt. Ltd, for Android mobile phone users.","parent_id":"b5f2402f4e977d3f2080","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"121034b13a9e31dea47c:0","document_content":"# Homeland: Iraq Year Zero\n***Homeland: Iraq Year Zero*** is a 2015 documentary film written and directed by the Iraqi-French film director Abbas Fahdel.\nChronicles of everyday life in Iraq before and after the U.S. invasion.\n- Sesterce d\\'Or (Best Feature Film Award - International Competition), Festival Visions du r\u00e9el, 2015\n- Doc Alliance Selection Award, Locarno International Film Festival, 2015\n- White Goose Award (Best Feature Film Award - International Competition), DMZ International Documentary Film Festival, 2015.\n- Award of Excellence (International Competition), and Citizens\\' Prize, Yamagata International Documentary Film Festival, 2015.\n- Grand Prize and People\\'s Choice Award, RIDM (Rencontres Internationales du Documentaire de Montr\u00e9al), 2015.\n- Silver Tanit, Carthage Film Festival, 2015.\n- Jury Prize, Milano Filmmaker Festival, 2015.\n- Public Award, Festival Internacional de Cine UNAM (FICUNAM), Mexico, 2016.\n<!-- -->\n- Cinema of Iraq\n- Iraqi culture","parent_id":"121034b13a9e31dea47c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"229bb534e70152892455:0","document_content":"# The Birth of a Nation (2016 film)\n***The Birth of a Nation*** is a 2016 American period drama film written and directed by Nate Parker in his directorial debut. It is based on the story of Nat Turner, the enslaved man who led a slave rebellion in Southampton County, Virginia, in 1831. The film stars Parker as Turner, with Armie Hammer, Mark Boone Junior, Colman Domingo, Aunjanue Ellis, Aja Naomi King, Dwight Henry, Jackie Earle Haley, Esther Scott, Penelope Ann Miller, Roger Guenveur Smith, and Gabrielle Union in supporting roles. Parker also petitioned financiers to invest in the film, ultimately getting an \\$8.5\u00a0million production budget, and started filming in May 2015 in Georgia.\nThe film premiered in competition at the 2016 Sundance Film Festival on January 25, 2016. Fox Searchlight Pictures bought worldwide rights to the film in a \\$17.5\u00a0million deal, at the time the largest deal at the film festival. At the end of the festival, the film won the Audience Award and Grand Jury Prize in the U.S. Dramatic Competition and was highly praised for its directing, acting, soundtrack, and cinematography. The film was theatrically released in the United States on October 7, 2016, by Fox Searchlight Pictures and grossed \\$16\u00a0million.\nBecause *The Birth of a Nation* attracted increased attention due to possible Oscar nominations, there was significant press coverage of a 1999 alleged rape that Parker and co-writer Jean McGianni Celestin were accused of having committed, and the fact that the accuser died by suicide in 2012. While Parker was acquitted and Celestin was not retried after his conviction was overturned on appeal, the controversy surrounding the alleged rape and Parker\\'s initial responses to the controversy cast a shadow over the film.","parent_id":"229bb534e70152892455","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"229bb534e70152892455:1","document_content":"# The Birth of a Nation (2016 film)\nIn 1809, on a farm in Southampton County, Virginia, Nat Turner is a pre-teen slave boy. The adult slaves have little food for their children, and Nat\\'s father Isaac slips out one night to steal something for his son to eat. On the road, Isaac is caught by a posse led by slave-catcher Raymond Cobb. When Cobb tries to execute him, Isaac turns the tables, kills one member of the posse, and flees. He then returns home, tells his family what happened and says that he has to leave immediately, but not without speaking to Nat once more, insisting that Nat is \\\"a child of God\\\" and has a purpose. When Cobb arrives and questions Isaac\\'s family about his whereabouts, nobody says anything and Benjamin Turner, the owner of the farm, intervenes and drives Cobb off before he turns violent.\nWhen Elizabeth Turner, Benjamin\\'s wife, notices that Nat has basic reading skills, she starts to teach him reading, hoping that he can be helpful in the household with his knowledge. Most of her lessons center around the Bible. Elizabeth even goes so far as to have Nat read Scripture during church gatherings. But shortly before Benjamin dies, presumably of tuberculosis, he orders his wife to stop teaching Nat and send him to work as a farmhand.\nNow an adult, Nat is still picking cotton, but he also preaches and reads Scripture for his fellow slaves on the farm. Samuel Turner, Benjamin\\'s son, inherits ownership of the farm. During a slave auction, Nat is immediately smitten by one of the female slaves for sale, Cherry. He convinces Samuel to buy her as a wedding gift for Catherine Turner, Samuel\\'s sister. Nat and Cherry fall in love, marry, and conceive a daughter.\nSince the economic situation in the South has turned and prices for crops are poor, many slaveowners have problems feeding their slaves and fear revolts. Reverend Walthall makes Samuel an offer: several farm owners will pay good money if Samuel will travel to their farms with Nat and have Nat preach to the slaves to pacify them and convince them that the Bible requests them to endure their situations. Samuel, needing the money, reluctantly agrees. During their visits, Nat and Samuel witness emaciated and desperate slaves and, in some locations, horrifying treatment of the slaves by their owners.\nSeveral additional incidents occur which infuriate Nat and make him more and more desperate:","parent_id":"229bb534e70152892455","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"229bb534e70152892455:2","document_content":"# The Birth of a Nation (2016 film)\n- Cherry is horribly beaten up and presumably raped by a group of white men, again led by Raymond Cobb. When Nat asks her who did it, she does not tell him because she fears his retaliation would lead to him being killed.\n- One night, Samuel hosts a party for guests whom he hopes could help improve his financial situation. One of the guests asks to rape one of the female slaves and Samuel acquiesces to the request, scarring her and her husband.\n- One day, when Samuel is not home, a white man who has been barred from all white churches in the county for unspecified crimes asks Nat to baptize him. Even though Nat knows that this act could lead to horrible consequences for him, he feels that it is his duty as a preacher and he performs the baptism, supported by Elizabeth Turner. For his insolence, he is whipped as a punishment.\nWhen his grandmother dies, Nat decides that he will rise up against the slaveholders. He holds a secret night meeting with some trusted fellow slaves, among them one boy from another farm, and prepares them for the uprising. He also talks with Cherry, who still has not recovered from the beating, about the uprising and she gives him her blessing.\nDuring the night, Nat and a fellow slave enter the house of their owners and kill Samuel and the manager. They then ask the other slaves of the farm to follow them, which most of them do. During the night, they take over several other farms and kill the slaveowners. During one of the takeovers, they notice that the boy has disappeared. A short time later, they are attacked by a group of white men who had been alerted by the boy, and they have to retreat.\nIn the morning, they enter the town of Jerusalem to loot it for weapons. They are confronted by a group of white men, again led by Cobb, but they manage to defeat the group, with Nat personally stabbing Cobb to death. But when they enter the arsenal, they notice that it is empty. They are immediately ambushed by soldiers who kill every slave except for Nat, who flees.","parent_id":"229bb534e70152892455","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"229bb534e70152892455:3","document_content":"# The Birth of a Nation (2016 film)\nWhen Nat manages to secretly meet Cherry once more, she tells him that innocent slaves have been murdered in retaliation and more will be as long as Nat is on the run. Nat turns himself in and is condemned to death. During the hanging, Nat notices the slave boy who betrayed the group in the crowd but Nat does not seem to harbor ill will towards him. The film ends with a fade of the boy\\'s crying face into the face of an adult soldier who presumably is the same boy, grown up and fighting for the Union Army in the American Civil War.\n- Nate Parker as Nat Turner\n- Armie Hammer as Samuel Turner\n- Mark Boone Junior as Rev.\u00a0Walthall\n- Colman Domingo as Hark Turner\n- Aunjanue Ellis as Nancy Turner\n- Dwight Henry as Isaac Turner\n- Aja Naomi King as Cherry Turner\n- Esther Scott as Bridget Turner\n- Roger Guenveur Smith as Isaiah\n- Gabrielle Union as Esther\n- Penelope Ann Miller as Elizabeth Turner\n- Jackie Earle Haley as Raymond Cobb\n- Tony Espinosa as young Nat Turner\n- Jayson Warner Smith as Hank Fowler\n- Jason Stuart as Joseph Randall\n- Steve Coulter as General Childs\nThe 2016 film uses the same title as \\\"D. W. Griffith\\'s 1915 KKK propaganda film in a very purposeful way\\\", said *The Hollywood Reporter*. Parker has said his film had the same title \\\"ironically, but very much by design\\\". He told the magazine *Filmmaker*:\nGriffith\\'s film relied heavily on racist propaganda to evoke fear and desperation as a tool to solidify white supremacy as the lifeblood of American sustenance. Not only did this film motivate the massive resurgence of the terror group the Ku Klux Klan and the carnage exacted against people of African descent, it served as the foundation of the film industry we know today. I\\'ve reclaimed this title and re-purposed it as a tool to challenge racism and white supremacy in America, to inspire a riotous disposition toward any and all injustice in this country (and abroad) and to promote the kind of honest confrontation that will galvanize our society toward healing and sustained systemic change.\nParker, who also wrote, produced and directed the film, portrays Turner","parent_id":"229bb534e70152892455","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"229bb534e70152892455:4","document_content":"# The Birth of a Nation (2016 film)\n*The Birth of a Nation* is written, produced, and directed by Nate Parker, who also stars as Nat Turner. Parker wrote the screenplay, which was based on a story he co-wrote with Jean McGianni Celestin. Parker learned about Turner from an African-American studies course at the University of Oklahoma. He began writing the screenplay for a Nat Turner film in 2009 and had a fellowship at a lab under the Sundance Institute. While he got writing feedback from filmmakers like James Mangold, he was told that a Nat Turner film could not be produced. *The Hollywood Reporter* said:But what he heard instead were all the reasons a movie about Nat Turner wouldn\\'t work: Movies with black leads don\\'t play internationally; a period film with big fight scenes would be too expensive; it was too violent; it wouldn\\'t work without a big box-office star leading it; Turner was too controversial---after all, he was responsible for the deaths of dozens of well-off white landowners.After Parker finished his acting role in *Beyond the Lights* in late 2013, he told his agents he would not continue acting until he had played Nat Turner in a film. He invested \\$100,000 of his money to hire a production designer and to pay for location scouting in Savannah, Georgia. He met with multiple financiers, and the first to invest in the film were retired basketball player Michael Finley (who had previously invested in the film *The Butler*) and active basketball player Tony Parker (no relation). Parker eventually brought together 11 groups of investors to finance 60% of the production budget, and producer Aaron L. Gilbert of Bron Studios joined to cover the remaining financing.","parent_id":"229bb534e70152892455","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"229bb534e70152892455:5","document_content":"# The Birth of a Nation (2016 film)\nIn November 2014, development was underway, and Armie Hammer joined the cast. By April 2015, Aja Naomi King and Gabrielle Union joined the cast. In subsequent months, Penelope Ann Miller, Jackie Earle Haley, and Mark Boone Junior also joined. Filming took place in Georgia in May 2015 and lasted 27 days. Parker used the a cappella choir from Wiley College on the soundtrack. Parker had previously been part of a cast that portrayed historical figures from Wiley, in *The Great Debaters*.\n*The Birth of a Nation* premiered in competition at the 2016 Sundance Film Festival on , 2016. Before it screened, the audience gave a standing ovation to the introduction of Nate Parker. After it premiered, *Variety* said it \\\"received the most enthusiastic standing ovation at this year\\'s Sundance Film Festival so far\\\". Following *The Birth of a Nation*s Sundance premiere, Fox Searchlight Pictures bought worldwide rights to the film in a deal. Competing deals also came from The Weinstein Company, Sony Pictures Entertainment, and Netflix. *Variety* said Fox Searchlight\\'s deal was \\\"the richest in Sundance history\\\".\nA teaser trailer for the film was released in April 2016, followed by an official trailer on June 21, 2016. On July 6, the UK release date of January 20, 2017, was announced. It was actually released in the UK on December 9, 2016. A film poster with Parker in a noose made from an American flag was released on July 15.","parent_id":"229bb534e70152892455","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"229bb534e70152892455:6","document_content":"# The Birth of a Nation (2016 film)\n20th Century Fox canceled the planned 2017 release of the film in Japan, Switzerland, Norway, Finland, Denmark, Austria and Latin America following the disappointing results at the U.S. box office, which damaged the overall distribution budget for the film.\nIn August 2016, media attention surrounding the film resurfaced 1999 alleged rape charges against Nate Parker and co-writer Jean McGianni Celestin. While students at Pennsylvania State University, Parker and Celestin were accused of raping a female student. The woman went to a doctor, who concluded that she had been sexually assaulted, and local authorities taped a phone conversation between her and Parker in which Parker confirmed that it was he and Celestin who had sex with her. Parker and Celestin denied the accusations and said that the sexual encounter was consensual. Parker was acquitted of all charges in 2001; Celestin was convicted of sexual assault, but the conviction was overturned on appeal in 2005. A subsequent retrial did not take place.\nIn a formal complaint filed against Penn State in 2002, the woman also stated that she was harassed by Parker and Celestin following her allegation; the harassment allegedly \\\"included Parker and Celestin hiring a private investigator to publicly expose her as the accuser, and continued bullying by Parker and his friends outside buildings where she had class\\\". The university settled the complaint with the woman for \\$17,500. The woman committed suicide in 2012, with her death certificate noting that she suffered from \\\"major depressive disorder with psychotic features, PTSD due to physical and sexual abuse, polysubstance abuse\\\".","parent_id":"229bb534e70152892455","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"229bb534e70152892455:7","document_content":"# The Birth of a Nation (2016 film)\nBecause *The Birth of a Nation* attracted increased scrutiny due to possible Oscar nominations, and the film itself depicts a fictional, brutal rape that does not appear in historical records, there was significant press coverage about damage control by Fox Searchlight Pictures, the studio releasing the film. Interviews in *Variety* and *Deadline* were a focus, as was Parker\\'s response to the event in an impassioned Facebook post. The studio reportedly took a wait-and-see approach before marketing to church groups, college campuses, and Hollywood figures.\nActress and co-star of the film Gabrielle Union criticized Parker\\'s past, but also expressed the importance of the film\nWriting in *Variety*, the sister of Parker\\'s alleged victim expressed particular distress at the film\\'s imagined rape scene, saying, \\\"I find it creepy and perverse that Parker and Celestin would put a fictional rape at the center of their film, and that Parker would portray himself as a hero avenging that rape. Given what happened to my sister, and how no one was held accountable for it, I find this invention self-serving and sinister, and I take it as a cruel insult to my sister\\'s memory.\\\"\nGabrielle Union, a rape survivor and one of the main stars in *The Birth of a Nation*, wrote in the *Los Angeles Times* to express her concern over the allegations, particularly the lack of affirmative consent: \\\"Even if she never said \\'no\\', silence certainly does not equal \\'yes\\'. Although it\\'s often difficult to read and understand body language, the fact that some individuals interpret the absence of a \\'no\\' as a \\'yes\\' is problematic at least, criminal at worst.\\\"\nAfter having suffered significant negative publicity for his response to the past rape allegation, Parker chose to deflect the questions about his past legal problems while doing press for *The Birth of a Nation* at the Toronto International Film Festival. Shortly thereafter, Parker and his handlers chose to cut press interviews short when similar questions came up about his involvement with the alleged rape and its impact on the marketing of the film.","parent_id":"229bb534e70152892455","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"229bb534e70152892455:8","document_content":"# The Birth of a Nation (2016 film)\nIn an open letter, former members of the Penn State student body and staff who were present during Celestin and Parker\\'s trial defended both men\\'s innocence of the 1999 accusations. The group made allegations of police intimidation and a hostile racial climate on campus at the time; both Parker and Celestin are black while their accuser was a white female. The group wrote in *The Root*:\nActor Hal Holbrook wrote a letter to *The New York Times* praising the film and defending Parker\nNine celebrities came out in support of Parker, including Harry Belafonte, Chadwick Boseman, Hal Holbrook, Mel Gibson, Kevin Hart, Harvey Weinstein (who was later embroiled in a sexual assault scandal), Al Sharpton, Anthony Anderson, and Sheryl Underwood.\nHolbrook wrote a letter to *The New York Times* defending Parker and the film. Holbrook praised *The Birth of a Nation* as \\\"an exceptional piece of artistry and a vital portrait of our American experience in trying to live up to ideals we say we have\\\" and suggested that owing to the film\\'s critique of racism, Parker and his film were being held to a different standard than what Holbrook characterized as other \\\"directors and actors who have rather public indiscretions, and who have in some cases been acquitted of them\\\".\nPrior to the film\\'s release, it received several hundred one-star ratings on IMDb, possibly as a result of the controversy surrounding the allegations. it holds an IMDb rating of 6.4\/10.\n\n### Box office\nIn the United States and Canada, *The Birth of a Nation* was projected to gross around \\$10\u00a0million in its opening weekend. It went on to open to \\$7.1\u00a0million, finishing 6th at the box office. African-Americans made up 60% of the first weekend audience. In its second weekend the film dropped 61.2%, grossing just \\$2.7\u00a0million and finishing 10th at the box office.","parent_id":"229bb534e70152892455","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"229bb534e70152892455:9","document_content":"# The Birth of a Nation (2016 film)\n### Box office\nDespite making back nearly twice its budget, the film was considered a financial disappointment. In assessing the mediocre opening weekend of *The Birth of a Nation*, *The Washington Post* reported, \\\"While some moviegoers may have been put off by the controversy, middling reviews for the movie itself probably didn't help. Meanwhile, historic dramas can be a hard sell: It\\'s possible a lot of multiplex visitors just plain weren\\'t interested.\\\" Adding to the film\\'s problems, \\\"Several prominent feminists decried Parker\\'s defiant response to the rape scandal and pledged to boycott the film, which drew a protest vigil at Hollywood\\'s ArcLight Cinemas.\\\"\nGabrielle Union, who appeared in the film, told *Essence* that she understood why some film-goers were avoiding the film and stated that she, as a rape survivor, could not sell it to anyone who chose to avoid the film due to the controversy. She said, \\\"As a rape survivor and as an advocate, I cannot shy away from this responsibility because the conversation got difficult. I don't want to put myself above anyone\\'s pain or triggers. Every victim or survivor, I believe you. I support you. I support you if you don\\'t want to see the film. I absolutely understand and respect that. I can\\'t sell the film.\\\"\n\n### Critical response\nOn review website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 73% based on 268 reviews, with an average rating of 6.70\/10. The site\\'s critical consensus reads, \\\"*The Birth of a Nation* overpowers its narrative flaws and uneven execution through sheer conviction, rising on Nate Parker\\'s assured direction and the strength of its vital message.\\\" Metacritic gave the film a normalized score of 69 out of 100, based on 49 critics, indicating \\\"generally favorable reviews\\\". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of \\\"A\\\" on an A+ to F scale.","parent_id":"229bb534e70152892455","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"229bb534e70152892455:10","document_content":"# The Birth of a Nation (2016 film)\n### Critical response\nJustin Chang at *Variety* compared *The Birth of a Nation* to *12 Years a Slave*, saying: \\\"Parker\\'s more conventionally told but still searingly impressive debut feature pushes the conversation further still: A biographical drama steeped equally in grace and horror, it builds to a brutal finale that will stir deep emotion and inevitable unease.\\\" He concluded, \\\"*The Birth of a Nation* exists to provoke a serious debate about the necessity and limitations of empathy, the morality of retaliatory violence, and the ongoing black struggle for justice and equality in this country. It earns that debate and then some.\\\"\n*The Hollywood Reporter*s Todd McCarthy said, \\\"The film vividly captures an assortment of slavery's brutalities while also underlining the religious underpinnings of Turner\\'s justifications for his assaults on slaveholders.\\\" He added, \\\"The film offers up more than enough in terms of intelligence, insight, historical research and religious nuance as to not at all be considered a missed opportunity; far more of the essentials made it into the film than not, its makers\\' dedication and minute attention are constantly felt and the subject matter is still rare enough onscreen as to be welcome and needed, as it will be the next time and the time after that.\\\"\nMichael Phillips of the *Chicago Tribune* was critical of Parker\\'s direction, saying, \\\"one of the drawbacks, ironically, is Parker\\'s own performance. Even the rape victims of the screenplay have a hard time getting their fair share of the screen time; everything in the story, by design, keeps the focus and the anguished close-ups strictly on Parker. He\\'s a good actor, but not much of a director; the visual style and approach of *The Birth of a Nation* tries a little of everything, and often too much of everything.\\\"\nIn its October 10 issue, *The New Yorker* ran two reviews, \\\"The Cinematic Merits and Flaws of Nate Parker\\'s *The Birth of a Nation*\\\", by Richard Brody, and \\\"*The Birth of a Nation* Isn\\'t Worth Defending\\\", by Vinson Cunningham.\n\n### Accolades\n`List\u00a0of\u00a0awards\u00a0and\u00a0nominations`\n`Award`\n`Date\u00a0of\u00a0ceremony`\n`Category`\n`Recipient(s)`","parent_id":"229bb534e70152892455","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"229bb534e70152892455:11","document_content":"# The Birth of a Nation (2016 film)\n### Accolades\n`Result`\n`African-American\u00a0Film\u00a0Critics\u00a0Association`\n`February\u00a08,\u00a02017`\n`Top\u00a010\u00a0Films`\n*`The Birth of a Nation`*\n`Austin\u00a0Film\u00a0Critics\u00a0Association`\n`December\u00a028,\u00a02016`\n`Best\u00a0First\u00a0Film`\n*`The Birth of a Nation`*\nBET Awards\nJune 25, 2017\n`Best\u00a0Movie`\n*`The Birth of a Nation`*\n`Best\u00a0Actress`\n`Gabrielle\u00a0Union`\n`Black\u00a0Reel\u00a0Awards`\n`February\u00a016,\u00a02017`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Actor`\n`Nate\u00a0Parker`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Director`\n`Nate\u00a0Parker`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Screenplay,\u00a0Adapted\u00a0or\u00a0Original`\n`Nate\u00a0Parker`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Ensemble`\n`The\u00a0cast\u00a0of\u00a0`*`The Birth of a Nation`*\n`Outstanding\u00a0Breakthrough\u00a0Performance,\u00a0Female`\n`Aja\u00a0Naomi\u00a0King`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Original\u00a0Score`\n`Henry\u00a0Jackman`\n`Directors\u00a0Guild\u00a0of\u00a0America\u00a0Awards`\n`February\u00a04,\u00a02017`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Directing\u00a0\u2013\u00a0First-Time\u00a0Feature\u00a0Film`\n`Nate\u00a0Parker`\n`NAACP\u00a0Image\u00a0Awards`\n`February\u00a011,\u00a02017`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Motion\u00a0Picture`\n*`The Birth of a Nation`*\n`Outstanding\u00a0Actor\u00a0in\u00a0a\u00a0Motion\u00a0Picture`\n`Nate\u00a0Parker`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Supporting\u00a0Actress\u00a0in\u00a0a\u00a0Motion\u00a0Picture`\n`Aja\u00a0Naomi\u00a0King`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Independent\u00a0Picture`\n*`The Birth of a Nation`*\n`Outstanding\u00a0Directing\u00a0in\u00a0a\u00a0Motion\u00a0Picture`\n`Nate\u00a0Parker`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Writing\u00a0in\u00a0a\u00a0Motion\u00a0Picture`\n`Nate\u00a0Parker`\n`Satellite\u00a0Awards`\n`February\u00a019,\u00a02017`\n`Best\u00a0Film\u00a0Editing`\n`Steven\u00a0Rosenblum`\n`Sundance\u00a0Film\u00a0Festival`\n`January\u00a029,\u00a02016`\n`Audience\u00a0Award:\u00a0U.S.\u00a0Dramatic`\n`Nate\u00a0Parker`\n`U.S.\u00a0Grand\u00a0Jury\u00a0Prize:\u00a0Dramatic`\n- *The Confessions of Nat Turner*, a 1967 Pulitzer Prize-winning novel by William Styron\n- *A House Divided: Denmark Vesey\\'s Rebellion*, a 1982 television film about Denmark Vesey and his attempted slave rebellion\n- List of films featuring slavery\n- *Nat Turner: A Troublesome Property*, a 2003 documentary film by Charles Burnett\n- *Quilombo*, a 1984 Brazilian drama film about Palmares, a fugitive community of escaped slaves\n- *Tula: The Revolt*, a 2013 historical drama film about escaped slave Tula and the Cura\u00e7ao Slave Revolt of 1795\n- List of black films of the 2010s","parent_id":"229bb534e70152892455","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b1d4bc86227c2e1cbc58:0","document_content":"# Annihilation (film)\n***Annihilation*** is a 2018 science fiction psychological horror film written and directed by Alex Garland, based on the 2014 novel of the same name by Jeff VanderMeer. It stars Natalie Portman, Jennifer Jason Leigh, Gina Rodriguez, Tessa Thompson, Tuva Novotny, and \u00d3scar Isaac. The story follows a group of explorers who enter \\\"The Shimmer\\\", a mysterious quarantined zone of mutating plants and animals caused by an alien presence.\n*Annihilation* was released theatrically in the United States by Paramount Pictures on February 23, 2018, and in China on April 13, 2018. It grossed \\$43 million against a production budget between \\$40--55 million, becoming a box office flop. It was released digitally by Netflix in a number of other countries on March 12, 2018. According to *Empire* magazine, the film addresses \\\"depression, grief, and the human propensity for self-destruction\\\".\nAt U.S. government facility Area X, biology professor and Army veteran Lena recounts her expedition to a zone called the \\\"Shimmer\\\", which emerged three years ago from a nearby lighthouse after it was struck by a meteorite. Lena\\'s husband Kane entered the Shimmer as part of a Green Beret mission but disappeared. He mysteriously reappears at home but his condition quickly deteriorates. As he and Lena are en route to the hospital, they are intercepted by security forces and taken to Area X. Psychologist Dr.\u00a0Ventress tells Lena that Kane, who is comatose, is the only person to ever return from the expanding Shimmer. Ventress recruits Lena for a new expedition to the lighthouse, along with physicist Josie Radek, geomorphologist Cassie \\\"Cass\\\" Sheppard, and paramedic Anya Thorensen. Lena agrees to join to help Kane, believing he accepted a suicide mission into the Shimmer because she cheated on him.","parent_id":"b1d4bc86227c2e1cbc58","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b1d4bc86227c2e1cbc58:1","document_content":"# Annihilation (film)\nAfter entering the Shimmer, no one in the group remembers what happened in the first three days. All wildlife are mutated, including a crossbred alligator that attacks Josie. At a military base, they recover a video of Kane cutting open a soldier, whose intestines are moving, and find the soldier's corpse overgrown by alien fungi. At night, a mutant bear kills Cass. The group then discover plants growing in human shapes, leading Josie to theorise that the Shimmer refracts information like a prism distorts light. This explains why their equipment malfunctions and the DNA of all creatures intermixes. During a paranoid frenzy, Anya hears Cass\\'s cry for help and runs over, only to find the mutant bear that mimics Cass\\'s dying pleas. Anya distracts the bear before it kills her and Josie shoots it. Ventress, who is revealed to have cancer, leaves the group hurriedly for the lighthouse before the Shimmer corrupts her and Josie wilfully succumbs to the refraction.\nIn the lighthouse, Lena discovers a video camera next to a burnt corpse. The footage shows Kane telling the cameraperson to find her, then killing himself with a phosphorus grenade. It is revealed that the cameraperson is his doppelg\u00e4nger. Lena descends into the meteor crater and finds Ventress, who relates that the Shimmer will eventually encompass and refract everything. She disintegrates into a pulsing Mandelbulb that absorbs a blood droplet from Lena\\'s face, creating a humanoid that mimics Lena's motions. Unable to hurt it and prevented by it from leaving, she tricks the humanoid into accepting a phosphorus grenade as it transforms into an identical copy of her. After activating the grenade, Lena flees but her doppelg\u00e4nger does not follow. The burning doppelg\u00e4nger calmly, and seemingly intentionally, sets the lighthouse on fire. Lena watches as the Shimmer collapses.\nAt Area X, Lena tells her interrogator that the Shimmer was not \\\"destroying\\\" anything, but changing everything anew. She goes to see Kane, who has since recovered, and asks if he really is Kane; he replies, \\\"I don\\'t think so\\\". He asks if she really is Lena, but she does not answer. They embrace and their irises shimmer.","parent_id":"b1d4bc86227c2e1cbc58","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b1d4bc86227c2e1cbc58:2","document_content":"# Annihilation (film)\n- Natalie Portman as Lena\n- Jennifer Jason Leigh as Dr.\u00a0Ventress\n- Gina Rodriguez as Anya Thorensen\n- Tessa Thompson as Josie Radek\n- Tuva Novotny as Cassie \"Cass\" Sheppard\n- Oscar Isaac as Kane\n- Benedict Wong as Lomax\n- Sonoya Mizuno as Katie\n  - Also plays a motion captured role as the Humanoid\n- David Gyasi as Daniel\n- Sammy Hayman as Mayer\n- Josh Danford as Shelley\n\n### Development\nParamount Pictures and Scott Rudin acquired the film rights to *Annihilation*, the then-unpublished first novel in Jeff VanderMeer\\'s *Southern Reach Trilogy*, on March 26, 2013. Rudin and Eli Bush were set to produce the film, and Alex Garland, who had previously worked with Rudin and Bush on *Ex Machina*, was hired to write and direct the film in October 2014.\nGarland explained that his adaptation was necessarily based on only the first novel in the trilogy: \\\"At the point I started working on *Annihilation*, there was only one of the three books. I knew that it was planned as a trilogy by the author, but there was only the manuscript for the first book. I really didn\\'t think too much about the trilogy side of it.\\\"\nGarland said his adaptation is \\\"a memory of the book\\\", rather than book-referenced screenwriting, with the intention of capturing the \\\"dreamlike nature\\\" and tone of his experience reading VanderMeer\\'s novel. Rather than trying to directly adapt the book, Garland deliberately took the story in his own direction, with VanderMeer\\'s permission. Garland did not read the other two books when they arrived, as he was concerned he would need to revise his script. Others informed him of the elements of the books, and he expressed surprise at some of the similarities.","parent_id":"b1d4bc86227c2e1cbc58","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b1d4bc86227c2e1cbc58:3","document_content":"# Annihilation (film)\n### Development\nSome critics have noted the film has similarities with the science-fiction novel *Roadside Picnic* and its 1979 movie adaptation, *Stalker*. While Nerdist Industries\\' Kyle Anderson noted even stronger resemblance with the 1927 short story \\\"The Colour Out of Space\\\" by H. P. Lovecraft (also adapted for the screen on several occasions, including as *Color Out of Space* in 2019), about a meteorite that lands in a swamp and unleashes a mutagenic plague, Chris McCoy of the *Memphis Flyer* found the film (*Annihilation*) reminiscent both of \\\"The Colour Out of Space\\\", as well as the novel (*Roadside Picnic*) and its film adaptation (*Stalker*). VanderMeer stated that the original novel \\\"is 100% NOT a tribute to Picnic\/Stalker\\\", but rather drew influences from works by J.G. Ballard and Franz Kafka.\n\n### Casting\nThe first cast member to join *Annihilation* was Natalie Portman, who entered negotiations with the studio in May 2015, under the agreement that production not begin until 2016. Once Portman had agreed to play the biologist, the next cast member added was Gina Rodriguez, who entered talks with Paramount in November 2015. By that point, production was set to begin in early 2016, a decision made to accommodate Portman\\'s schedule but which also fell during Rodriguez\\'s break from filming *Jane the Virgin*. Oscar Isaac joined the cast in March 2016 as the husband of Portman\\'s character; he had previously worked with Garland in *Ex Machina*. By the end of April, Tessa Thompson, Jennifer Jason Leigh, and David Gyasi were also attached to the project.","parent_id":"b1d4bc86227c2e1cbc58","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b1d4bc86227c2e1cbc58:4","document_content":"# Annihilation (film)\n### Casting\nIn 2018, Garland was criticized by the Media Action Network for Asian Americans and the American Indians in Film and Television advocacy groups for whitewashing the roles played by Portman and Leigh. In the *Southern Reach* novels, the Biologist is described as being of Asian descent, while the Psychologist is mixed-race and half-Indigenous; both Portman and Leigh are white. Garland responded to the accusations by saying that there was \\\"nothing cynical or conspiratorial\\\" about the casting, and that the book in which the characters\\' races are revealed, *Authority*, had not been released by the time *Annihilation* had been written and cast. Portman also responded to the controversy, saying that she did not know her character had a specific ethnicity until whitewashing concerns were raised, and that Garland had intentionally not spoken to VanderMeer about the other two *Southern Reach* novels because he wanted to focus on adapting *Annihilation*.\n\n### Filming\nPrincipal photography was underway by April 2016, when actor David Gyasi was added to the cast. Lighthouse Pictures Ltd started location filming in late April in South Forest, Windsor Great Park. Some test shooting had already been done in St.\u00a0Marks, Florida, but the vegetation in the area turned out to be too dense to give any depth perception on screen. On May 9, 2016, cinematographer Rob Hardy began sharing pictures from the set of the film. On July 13 and 14, filming took place at Holkham Pines in North Norfolk. Shooting was completed that month.\nThe visual effect team was made up of many of Garland\\'s collaborators from his previous film, *Ex Machina*, including VFX Supervisor Andrew Whitehurst, lead VFX house Double Negative and Milk VFX, plus special makeup effects by Tristan Versluis.\nDue to a poorly received test screening, David Ellison, a financier and producer at Skydance, became concerned that the film was \\\"too intellectual\\\" and \\\"too complicated\\\", and demanded changes to make it appeal to a wider audience, including making Portman\\'s character more sympathetic, and changing the ending. Producer Scott Rudin sided with the director, who did not want to alter the film. Rudin, who had final cut privilege, defended the film and refused to take notes from Ellison.","parent_id":"b1d4bc86227c2e1cbc58","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b1d4bc86227c2e1cbc58:5","document_content":"# Annihilation (film)\n### Filming\nOn December 7, 2017, it was announced that due to the clashes between Rudin and Ellison, and the shift in Paramount\\'s leadership, a deal was struck allowing Netflix to distribute the film internationally. According to this deal, Paramount would handle the American, Canadian and Chinese release, while Netflix would begin streaming the film in other territories 17 days later.\nThe film was released theatrically in the United States on February 23, 2018, by Paramount Pictures, and digitally in other markets on March 12, 2018, by Netflix. Garland expressed his disappointment with the decision to coincide digital distribution with theatrical, saying, \\\"We made the film for cinema.\\\" On January 5, 2019, the film was released digitally on Netflix\\'s competitor Hulu.\n*Annihilation* was released on Digital HD on May 22, 2018, and on Ultra HD Blu-ray, Blu-ray and DVD on May 29, 2018.\n\n### Box office\n*Annihilation* grossed \\$32.7 million in the United States and Canada and \\$10.3 million in China, for a worldwide total of \\$43.1 million, against a production budget of \\$40--55 million. While the film did not amass much in terms of box office, the film found new life in home release, with some publications arguing it could become a cult classic.\nDomestically, *Annihilation* was released alongside *Game Night* and *Every Day*, and was projected to gross \\$10--12 million from 2,012 theaters in its opening weekend. The film made \\$3.9 million on its first day (including \\$900,000 from Thursday night previews at 1,850 theaters). It ended up making \\$11 million over the weekend, finishing fourth, behind *Black Panther*, *Game Night* and *Peter Rabbit*. In its second weekend the film dropped 49% to \\$5.9 million, falling to 6th place.","parent_id":"b1d4bc86227c2e1cbc58","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b1d4bc86227c2e1cbc58:6","document_content":"# Annihilation (film)\n### Critical response\nOn Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of , based on reviews, with an average rating of . The website\\'s critical consensus reads, \\\"*Annihilation* backs up its sci-fi visual wonders and visceral genre thrills with an impressively ambitious---and surprisingly strange---exploration of challenging themes that should leave audiences pondering long after the end credits roll.\\\" On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 79 out of 100, based on reviews from 51 critics, indicating \\\"generally favorable reviews\\\". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of \\\"C\\\" on an A+ to F scale, while PostTrak reported filmgoers gave it a 71% overall positive score.\nRichard Roeper of the *Chicago Sun-Times* gave the film four out of four, praising it for taking risks, and saying: \\\"Kudos to Garland and the cast, but bravo to Scott Rudin as well. Apparently you knew a masterpiece when you saw it, and you made sure we were able to see it as well.\\\" Writing for *Rolling Stone*, Peter Travers complimented the cast and Garland\\'s writing and direction, giving the film 3.5 stars out of 4 and saying, \\\"Garland need make no apologies for *Annihilation*. It\\'s a bracing brainteaser with the courage of its own ambiguity. You work out the answers in your own head, in your own time, in your own dreams, where the best sci-fi puzzles leave things.\\\" *The Economist* described the film as \\\"tightrope-walking the fine line between open-ended, mind-expanding mystery and lethargic, pretentious twaddle\\\", but praised its final half hour.","parent_id":"b1d4bc86227c2e1cbc58","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2:0","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu: Returns\n***Tanu Weds Manu Returns*** is a 2015 Indian romantic comedy film directed by Aanand L. Rai which is a sequel to the 2011 film *Tanu Weds Manu*. Kangana Ranaut, R. Madhavan, Jimmy Sheirgill, Deepak Dobriyal, Swara Bhaskar and Eijaz Khan reprise their roles from the original film. Ranaut also portrays the additional role of a Haryanvi athlete in it. The story, screenplay and the dialogues were written by Himanshu Sharma. The soundtrack and film score were composed by Krsna Solo and the lyrics were penned by Rajshekhar. Saroj Khan and Bosco--Caesar were the film\\'s choreographers while the editing was done by Hemal Kothari.\nPrincipal photography began in October 2014 and the film was released on 22 May 2015. The film carries the story forward showing the next chapter in the couple\\'s life. *Tanu Weds Manu Returns* holds the record for the highest first week collections ever for a female driven film in India. Additionally, the film also held the former records for the highest single day earner ever for a female driven film in India and the highest opening weekend collections for a women-centric film in India, until these records were surpassed by Ranaut\\'s own *Manikarnika: The Queen of Jhansi* in 2019. It is the first Indian women-centric film to enter the \u20b9100 crore club. Made on a budget of , the film earned a total of globally and became one of the highest grossing Bollywood films. In May 2018, Box Office India reported that it is the highest-grossing Indian film driven by a female lead. It is also one of the highest-grossing Indian franchises.","parent_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2:1","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu: Returns\n*Tanu Weds Manu Returns* received critical acclaim with Ranaut\\'s performance was particularly praised with many considering it one of the best Bollywood sequels ever made. The film received three awards at the 63rd National Film Awards, including Best Actress for Ranaut. At the 61st Filmfare Awards, the film received two awards, including Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actress for Ranaut. *Film Companion* listed Ranaut\\'s performance in the film among the 100 greatest performances of the decade (2010s).\nTanu Sharma and Manoj Kumar Sharma, aka Manu are a couple in London that married four years ago and have an unhappy and dysfunctional marriage. Tanu gets Manu detained in a mental asylum, and returns to her hometown Kanpur, India, when her friend Payal calls her from India and tells Tanu that she has given birth to a baby girl. Before leaving London, Tanu rings Manu\\'s friend Pappi Kutti in Delhi and tells him to immediately leave for London and release Manu.\nIn Kanpur at her parents\\' home, Tanu encounters a crafty law student called Chintu who has become a lodger but refuses to pay rent nor does he vacate. Chintu befriends Tanu and slowly develops a crush on her, bemused by her antics. Tanu also learns that her ex-boyfriend, Raja Awasthi, is getting engaged to another girl. Pappi reaches London and gets Manu out and they reach India, where Manu sends a legal notice to Tanu to make her apologise, but she does not respond.","parent_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2:2","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu: Returns\nOne day Manu goes to Delhi University to give a medical speech, where he sees Kusum Sangwan, a young Haryanvi student-athlete, who resembles Tanu. He slowly gets obsessed with Kusum and keeps following her despite Pappi\\'s warning. One day after Kusum confronts them, Manu tells her about Tanu. Kusum sympathises and they gradually develop feelings for each other. Manu tells Kusum he wants to marry her and meets Omi, her elder brother. Omi has no issues with Manu but shows a picture of the boy his wife wanted Kusum to marry, who turns out to be Raja. Payal Gill, Tanu\\'s best friend calls Tanu and confides that her newborn baby\\'s father is not her husband Jassi Gill.\nChintu gets jealous of Raja going around with Tanu and tells her father about it. He even sends Manu a nasty legal notice for a divorce, without Tanu\\'s consent, but Manu responds by agreeing, which shocks Tanu. She confronts Chintu who says he loves her but Raja shoves him off. Raja also discovers his engagement is being called off as Manu is going to marry the new girl in his life. Both Raja and Tanu are enraged and decide to go to Delhi to confront Manu.\nManu, Kusum and Pappi travel to Chandigarh to convince Komal Gill, Payal\\'s sister-in-law whom Pappi loves, to ditch her own wedding and elope with Pappi instead. As Pappi tries to convince Komal, Kusum is mistaken by everyone at the wedding as Tanu, including Payal, who tells her she had a test-tube baby secretly as Jassi had azoospermia. Kusum gets frantic on hearing these secrets and gives Payal a karate chop which knocks her out. She also lands a karate chop on Komal and they smuggle her to Jhajjar, where Kusum\\'s villagers are waiting. But once her family finds out she loves Manu, they attack Manu and Pappi and lock up Kusum. Omi arrives and saves the day with his logic. The village agrees to Kusum and Manu\\'s marriage.","parent_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2:3","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu: Returns\nAs wedding preparations start, Tanu and Raja reach there with Jassi, Payal, their baby and Manu\\'s parents. Tanu makes fun of Kusum who snaps at her saying she is a state-level champion who is independent, loving and honest. She also reveals the truth behind Payal\\'s baby in front of Jassi. A shocked and drunk Tanu meets Manu at night who brutally brushes off her loving declarations. In the morning, Tanu tells Kusum she is sorry about her behaviour and would like to stay and help out in their wedding preparations.\nPayal and Jassi are reunited. On the eve of the wedding, Tanu gets drunk and dances in front of Manu during the baraat procession. Her parents arrive with Chintu and are shocked to see Tanu shattered as Manu leaves for his marriage. Tanu sits quietly as Manu is marrying Kusum, until Kusum stops and confronts Manu, who confesses he still loves Tanu and cannot marry her. Kusum honourably releases him and walks off, to break down privately.\nTanu and Manu are reconciled while Kusum and Raja have a conversation.","parent_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2:4","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu: Returns\n- R. Madhavan as Dr.\u00a0Manoj \\\"Manu\\\" Kumar Sharma\n- Kangana Ranaut in a double role as Tanuja \\\"Tanu\\\" Trivedi Sharma and Kusum \\\"Datto\\\" Sangwan\n- Jimmy Sheirgill as Raja Awasthi\n- Deepak Dobriyal as Parth Sharma \/ Pappi Kutti\n- Eijaz Khan as Jassi Singh Gill\n- Swara Bhaskar as Payal Gill\n- Mohammed Zeeshan Ayyub as Advocate Arun \\\"Chintu\\\" Kumar Singh\n- Rajendra Gupta as Rajendra Trivedi\n- Navni Parihar as Radha Trivedi\n- K.K. Raina as Kishan Kumar Sharma\n- Dipti Misra as Anjana \\\"Anju\\\" Sharma\n- Aakash Dahiya as Deepak Chaudhary\n- Shishir Sharma as Digvijay Sangwan\n- Gulzar Dastur as Mohini Sangwan\n- Rajesh Sharma as Omprakash \\\"Omi\\\" Sangwan\n- Rahul Shankalya as Rajinder Sangwan\n- Kajal Bhadana as Pinky Bhatia\n- Manu Rishi as Manu\\'s lawyer (Tees Hazari Court, Delhi)\nFollowing the positive response to *Tanu Weds Manu* post release in February 2011, the team considered making a sequel to carry the story forward showing the next chapter of the couple\\'s life. The lead couple R. Madhavan and Kangana Ranaut both announced their interest of being a part of a proposed sequel, months after the original\\'s release. In September 2011, Sunil Lulla of Eros International announced that they had signed on director Aanand L. Rai to work on a second part of the film titled *Tanu Weds Manu: Season 2*. Early reports claimed that the lead actors would be seen in dual roles, while it was also speculated that Shahid Kapoor may replace Madhavan in the lead role. In January 2012, the project was postponed to allow Anand Rai to proceed with another venture *Raanjhanaa* (2013), while the makers also wanted Ranaut to finish her commitments with *Krrish 3* (2013) as the sequel demanded a different look.","parent_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2:5","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu: Returns\nFollowing the release and success of *Raanjhanaa* in July 2013, Anand Rai confirmed that the sequel to *Tanu Weds Manu* was still active and would feature the original cast in the leading roles, playing down reports that Imran Khan and Anushka Sharma were to replace them. Screenwriter Himanshu Sharma began working on the film in July 2013 and revealed that only the first ten minutes would have a London backdrop, before the story returns to Lucknow, Kanpur and Delhi. He went on to confirm the working title, though added it potentially may also be known as *Tanu Weds Manu Extra Large*. Pre-production continued through late 2013, with Ranaut\\'s two-month trip to the USA delaying the start of the shoot in early 2014. She later confirmed that she would play a dual role in the film, that of an athlete apart from Tanu, and the team scouted for a body double to be used in scenes featuring both characters. Dhanush, who had worked in *Raanjhanaa*, was revealed to be playing a cameo appearance in the film.\nThe team began filming in October 2014 in Lucknow, after a small launch ceremony. The first motion poster of the film was released on 23 March 2015 on the birthday of the leading actress, Kangana Ranaut at a special event in Delhi. \\\"Ja Ja Ja Ja Bewafa\\\" sung by Geeta Dutt in 1954 film *Aar Paar*, was picturised on Ranaut, playing the background.\nIn May 2014, the producers of the original film, Sanjay Singh, Vinod Bachchan and Shailesh Singh filed a legal notice stating that the director did not have the rights to make a sequel without their permission. Anand Rai replied stating that the trio only had rights over the first film and no direct rights over sequels or the franchise. In a further reply, Bachchan revealed that they were interested in making a sequel and should have been approached ahead of Eros International.\nIn May 2015, a critic at the Mumbai Mirror gave the film 2.5 stars and a generally negative review. The newspaper later \\\"revised\\\" the critic\\'s rating to 3.5 stars, based on reader feedback.","parent_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2:6","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu: Returns\nThe music and background score is composed by Krsna Solo, and the lyrics were written by Rajshekhar. However, the song \\\"Banno\\\" has been composed by Tanishk-Vayu (Tanishk Bagchi), and written by Vayu, and the song \\\"Mari Gali\\\" has been written by N.S. Chauhan and SurjRDB, and composed by the latter.\nThe film was released worldwide on 22 May 2015 with nearly 2200 screens in India. The film was released overseas with 350 screens across the United States of America, United Kingdom, Canada, Pakistan, New Zealand, Australia and UAE. According to Box Office India, the film had an average opening in circuits like Andhra Pradesh and West Bengal. *Tanu Weds Manu Returns* opened to almost 60% occupancies in screens up north, while screens across other states and metros had registered figures of 40--50%. The satellite rights of the film were sold to Zee TV.\nUpon release, *Tanu Weds Manu: Returns* garnered widespread critical acclaim, with major praise drawn to Ranaut\\'s performance. On the Indian film review aggregator website The Review Monk, *Tanu Weds Manu: Returns* received an average score of 7.3\/10 based on 43 reviews and 94% critics being in the favor. On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds a score of 63% based on 8 reviews and an average rating of 7\/10.\nRanaut\\'s performance in *Tanu Weds Manu: Returns* garnered widespread critical acclaim winning her the National Film Award for Best Actress at the 63rd National Film Awards.","parent_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2:7","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu: Returns\n### India\nStutee Ghosh of *The Quint* gave the film a rating of 5\/5 and wrote, ''*Tanu Weds Manu Returns* is gobsmackingly good; It is a laugh riot and keeps you engaged till the end''. Praising Ranaut\\'s performance she further wrote,''In an industry where a''double -- role\" entails merely sporting two different shades of lipstick, Kangana is a delight to watch. Both as the madcap Tanu and the short haired, freckled Haryanvi Datto, she is incredible''. Srijana Mitra Das of *Times of India* gave the film a rating of 4.5\/5 and wrote,''*Tanu Weds Manu Returns* is a total delight that keeps you laughing, sighing, cheering and guessing throughout''. Praising Ranaut\\'s performance she further wrote,''*Tanu Weds Manu Returns* boasts one of the finest double roles ever in Hindi cinema; Kangana is breathtakingly good, both as doll-like drama queen Tanu and simple, dignified, earthy Kusum. Each role is performed with sensitivity, precision and flair, Kangana displaying the confidence of a talent Queen''. Rajeev Masand of *CNN-IBN* gave the film a rating of 4\/5 and praised Ranaut\\'s performance by writing,''*Tanu Weds Manu Returns* is no doubt a showcase for the immense talent of Ranaut, who sinks her teeth into this 'double-role' challenge, and creates two strikingly different characters; The actress makes you care for both characters. Watch this film for Kangana Ranaut, who's at the top of her game''. Anupama Chopra of *Film Companion* gave the film a rating of 4\/5 and praised Ranaut\\'s performance by writing,''Watching Kangana Ranaut in *Tanu Weds Manu Returns* is like watching an athlete at the top of her game --- consummate skill with effortless grace. As both the rebel without a cause, Tanu, and the Haryanvi sportswoman Kusum, Kangana is pitch-perfect. The film rests on Kangana's shoulders and she carries it with her Herculean talent''. Sweta Kaushal of *Hindustan Times* gave the film a rating of 4\/5 and called it a''entertainer'' and a ''must-watch''. Praising Ranaut\\'s performance she wrote,''Kangana has done a fabulous job with her characters Tanu and Datto; From the body languages of the two women to their accents, Kangana aces it to the T. She proves yet again that she is one of the few heroines in Bollywood who is willing to experiment with different roles and still come out as the most convincing every time''.","parent_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2:8","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu: Returns\n### India\nAnanya Bhattacharya of *India Today* gave the film a rating of 4\/5 and wrote, ''*Tanu Weds Manu Returns* deserves a watch for the sheer brilliance that it is, and the way Kangana has nailed her roles''. Praising Ranaut\\'s performance she further wrote,''Kangana carries the film on her able shoulders, reminding one why the actress is among the most sought-after ones in the industry today. Ranaut infuses her Tanu with a rare charm and as far as Kusum is concerned, the actress does a mind-blowing job of getting the Haryanvi girl pitch-perfect. Never for a moment is one allowed the opportunity to think that it is one actress cast in dual roles in the film''. *Bollywood Hungama* gave the film a rating of 4\/5 called it a''must-watch''. They wrote,''*Tanu Weds Manu Returns* is a must watch, especially for Kangana\\'s spellbinding performance, outstanding plot and amazing one-liners''. They called Ranaut\\'s performance in the film her''career-best'' and further wrote, ''The undisputed captain of the ship is Kangana Ranaut, who delivers a career best performance. Her performance in the film is definitely award worthy. She really knows how to carry the film on her shoulders; The impact of her roles is so significant that you just cannot imagine any other actress in her role''. Sukanya Verma of *Rediff* gave the film a rating of 4\/5 and called Ranaut a''powerhouse''. Praising her performance she wrote,''As Datto her body language, which alternates between assertive and serene depending on the surrounding, and the sureness with which she rattles off her mother tongue is nothing short of flawless and as Tanu the talented star\\'s calibre shines through in her understanding of a wife\\'s thinly veiled manipulations that are but an attempt to restore what she haughtily believes to be rightly hers. Kangana, the powerhouse makes it difficult to pick a side''.","parent_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2:9","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu: Returns\n### India\nSaibal Chatterjee of *NDTV* gave the film a rating of 3.5\/5 and called it a ''entertaining'' and ''engaging'' film. Praising Ranaut\\'s performance he wrote, ''Kangana Ranaut, in a magnificently effective double role, powers the comic drama forward with an effortless act. The film vindicates the general belief that Kangana is currently in a zone where she can do no wrong; On one hand she is the bubbly and recklessly rebellious Tanu and on the other she embodies the no-nonsense persona of Datto, The actress fleshes out this pair of distinct individuals with such energy and finesse that it becomes difficult at times to tell that it is the same actress playing the two roles. In one word, astounding''. Manjusha Patil of *Koimoi* gave the film a rating of 3.5\/5 and wrote,''This is a real Desi rom com with a slightly quirky touch. It will leave a big smile on your face as you leave the theatre''. Praising Ranaut\\'s performance she further wrote,''This film belongs to Kangana Ranaut; This is another stellar performance by her after *Queen* (2014)''. Sarita Tanwar of *DNA* gave the film a rating of 3.5\/5 and called its dialogues''great'', its characters''endearing'' and the performances ''top class''. She called Ranaut the''crowning glory'' of the film and wrote, ''The film's crowning glory is Kangana who betters herself with every film she does. This time, as Tanu, she gets to do much more in terms of diversity. But her portrayal of Kusum steals the show this time. Heartwarming, honest and edgy, Kangana as Kusum is the life of the film; Watch this film for the one-woman-show of Kangana Ranaut''. Shubhra Gupta of *The Indian Express* gave the film a rating of 3\/5 and praised Ranaut\\'s performance by writing,''Kangana Ranaut plays it beautifully, mixing up the familiar with the new. I would buy a ticket for her''.","parent_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2:10","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu: Returns\n### India\nAnuj Kumar of *The Hindu* wrote, ''Known for creating a tangible atmosphere of small town, the team once again hit the ground running and doesn't leave the audience's pulse for even a moment''. Calling Ranaut\\'s performance in the film''gutsy'' he further wrote, ''Carrying forward her good form, it is a double delight from Kangana as she brilliantly delineates both the characters. She gives each of them a distinct identity which goes much deeper than the haircut and artificial dentures. It is her gutsy performance that prevents the film from getting reduced to a frivolous comedy''. Rachit Gupta of *Filmfare* called *Tanu Weds Manu Returns* a''intricately designed'' and a ''well crafted'' film. Praising Ranaut\\'s performance he wrote, ''Kangana Ranaut's performance as both Tanu and Kusum is so enchanting that you can hardly see past her. She owns this film and she delivers it in five star fashion; The film is another fine feather in Kangana Ranaut's flourishing hat''. Ajit Duara of *Open* named *Tanu Weds Manu Returns* as the''funniest movie of the year'' and praised Ranaut\\'s performance by writing, ''What Ranaut cleverly does with this double role is to demarcate feminine and masculine characteristics in women; Both women are attractive, but in different ways. This is a complex portrait of a woman's persona and sexuality, and Ranaut has delivered it beautifully through a hilarious comedy of manners''. Mihir Fadnavis of *Firstpost* called the film a''crowd pleaser'' and praised Ranaut\\'s performance by writing, ''The real draw of *Tanu Weds Manu Returns* is that you get two Kangana Ranauts to entertain you, and she delivers in a huge way. Both her avatars are likeable''.","parent_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2:11","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu: Returns\n### Overseas\nPrarthna Sarkar of *International Business Times* gave the film a rating of 4.5\/5 and wrote, ''To make a sequel better than its prequel is a tough challenge, but director Aanand. L. Rai aces it''. Calling Ranaut the''star of the show'' he further wrote, ''Kangana is the star of the show. Unmistaken accent, perfect gait and subtle expressions, the leading lady\\'s portrayal of Datto and Tanu is praiseworthy''. Faiza S Khan of *The Guardian* gave the film a rating of 4\/5 and called it a''unusually spiky Bollywood romcom''. Praising Ranaut\\'s performance she wrote,''Kangana Ranaut shines in this entertaining and slightly unconventional look at marriage which takes swipes at elitism and potshots at patriarchy''. Manjari Saxena of *Gulf News* gave the film a rating of 3.5\/5 and described it as a''hilarious journey''. Praising Ranaut\\'s performance he wrote,''Ranaut portrays gamut of emotions brilliantly in her double role as the wife who feels wronged and the practical but young girl in love. The National Award winning actress nabs Datto's tomboyish and rustic demeanour with the same elan as the stylish and sexy Tanu; The *Queen* actress is clearly here to rule''. Shilpa Jamkhandikar of *Reuters* praised Ranaut\\'s performance in the film by writing,''Kangana Ranaut walks away with the entire film, playing both Tanu and Kusum with panache, in what is probably the defining female performance of 2015''.","parent_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2:12","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu: Returns\n### Year-end lists\nSukanya Verma of *Rediff* cited *Tanu Weds Manu Returns* as one of the best Hindi films of 2015. *Times of India* listed it as one of the best films of 2015. *The Hindu* listed it as one of the people\\'s choice best Hindi movies of 2015. *Film Companion* listed Ranaut\\'s performance in the film among the 100 greatest performances of the decade (2010s). *NDTV* listed Ranaut as one of the best Bollywood actors of 2015. *Deccan Chronicle* listed Ranaut as one of the 11 powerful Bollywood actresses of 2015. Gayatri Gauri of *Firstpost* listed both the characters Ranaut portrayed in the film (Tanu and Datto) as one of the best female characters of the year 2015. Raja Sen of *Rediff* named Ranaut\\'s character in the film, Datto, as one of the most memorable Bollywood characters of 2015. Suresh Mathew of *The Quint* listed Ranaut\\'s character in the film, Datto, as one of the most endearing and loveable characters from Bollywood films of 2015. *Filmfare* listed both the characters Ranaut portrayed in the film (Tanu and Datto) as one of the strongest women characters in Bollywood.\n*Tanu Weds Manu Returns* earned in its opening weekend in India, for a worldwide gross of . Trade analysts reported that the film took in the biggest opening weekend collections for a Bollywood film that year, and also recovered its production budget in the first three days. The film earned on its first Monday. It earned after its second weekend. The film earned in its second week in India for a two-week domestic total of .","parent_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2:13","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu: Returns\n### Year-end lists\n*Tanu Weds Manu Returns* holds the record for the highest first week earner ever for a female driven film in India with a collection of over \u20b969 crore in its opening week. Additionally, it held the record for the highest single day earner ever for a female driven film in India with a collection of \u20b915.85 crore on Sunday; and by earning \u20b938.10 crore in its opening weekend the film also broke the record for the highest opening weekend collections for a women-centric film in India previously held by Priyanka Chopra\\'s *Mary Kom*. However, both these records were later beaten by Ranaut\\'s own 2019 film, *Manikarnika: The Queen of Jhansi*. On 2 June 2015, *Tanu Weds Manu Returns* became the first Indian women-centric film to enter the \u20b9100 crore club.","parent_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2:14","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu: Returns\n### Year-end lists\nAccording to Bollywood Hungama projection, *Tanu Weds Manu Returns* earned worldwide at the end of its theatrical run, to become one of the highest-grossing Bollywood films. In May 2018, Box Office India reported that it is the highest-grossing Indian film driven by a female lead. It is also one of the highest-grossing Indian franchises.\nAfter watching *Tanu Weds Manu Returns*, Deepanjana Pal of *Firstpost* stated that this movie could make Ranaut the female Khan of Bollywood. She wrote, ''The reason people want to watch *Tanu Weds Manu Returns*, the reason there are great box office expectations of this film and the reason you sit through its two hours is Kangana Ranaut''. She further wrote,''If the film does as well as it is expected to, then Ranaut will be the female equivalent of the Khans of Bollywood. She can act in films that are thorough disappointments, but she sells them to you with such charm and style that you don\\'t really care that she and the stories she\\'s telling deserve better''. After the success of the film, S. Shivakumar of *The Hindu* stated,''Kangana Ranaut will not be on the wish-list of the Khans of Bollywood for a co-star because of her intimidating screen presence; She doesn't need them''. Kunal Purandare of *Forbes India* called Ranaut the 'outsider' who rules Bollywood and stated, ''The success of *Tanu Weds Manu Returns* which made a whopping \u20b9150 crore-plus business at the box office meant that the industry could no longer turn a blind eye to her. She began to draw audiences to the theatres purely on the basis of her reputation of being a solid actor. She continued to raise the bar and opted for a path that many other actresses feared to tread''.","parent_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2:15","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu: Returns\n### Year-end lists\nThe *Times of India* listed *Tanu Weds Manu Returns* as one of the top twenty best Bollywood films of all-time. Rajiv Vijayakar of *Bollywood Hungama* listed the film as one of the twelve sequels which are better than the earlier films. He stated, ''More people watched\n*Tanu Weds Manu* after and because they had loved *Tanu Weds Manu Returns*''. Devesh Sharma of *Filmfare* listed *Tanu Weds Manu Returns* as one of the best Bollywood films featuring double roles. IMDb listed it as one of the fifty best dual role Indian movies of all-time. Saheli Maity of *Koimoi* listed it as one of the top sixty movies with multiple dose roles. Priyanka Vartak of *The Free Press Journal* listed the film as well as Ranaut\\'s dual-role in the film as one of the ten best and famous double role films and double-roles in Bollywood. On the occasion of International Women\\'s Day, 2019, ZEE5 listed *Tanu Weds Manu Returns* as one of the eleven Bollywood films that depict how feminism is done right. Salva Mubarak *Vogue India* listed it as one of the thirteen best wedding-centric films of the decade (2010s). Bollywood actor Rishi Kapoor called *Tanu Weds Manu Returns* a modern day version of his own classic film *Prem Rog* (1982).","parent_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2:16","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu: Returns\n### Year-end lists\nRanaut received widespread praise for learning Haryanvi for her character 'Datto', India TV listed Ranaut as one of the ten best Bollywood stars who excelled a new language for their movie. *Hindustan Times* listed Ranaut as one of the five actors who aced the accent they had onscreen. Ranaut\\'s portrayal of a dual-role in the film received widespread acclaim, Srijana Mitra Das of *Times of India* called Ranaut\\'s portrayal of a dual-role in the film as one of the finest double roles ever in Hindi cinema. MSN listed Ranaut\\'s dual-role in the film as one of the most iconic double roles in Bollywood movies. *The Free Press Journal* listed Ranaut\\'s performance in the film as one of the ten male and female lead performances that went beyond the requirements of the script to create memorable characters. They called called Ranaut\\'s portrayal of a dual-role in the film as one of the best dual roles ever attempted in a Hindi film. *Filmfare* listed *Tanu Weds Manu Returns* as one of movies that showcased Ranaut\\'s class as an actor. They called Ranaut\\'s role in the film as one of her most ''iconic'' roles and wrote, ''Kangana Ranaut really flaunts her versatility with this film as even though she plays two distinct characters, not for a second you'll feel it's the same person playing them''. *Film Companion* listed Ranaut\\'s performance in the film among the 100 greatest performances of the decade (2010s).","parent_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2:17","document_content":"# Tanu Weds Manu: Returns\n### Year-end lists\nThe characters in *Tanu Weds Manu Returns* has become some of the most popular and recognizable characters in Hindi Cinema. *Filmfare* listed both the characters Ranaut portrayed in the film (Tanu and Datto) as one of the strongest women characters in bollywood. Madhavi Pothukuchi of *Vagabomb* listed both the characters Ranaut portrayed in the film (Tanu and Datto) as one of the ten Bollywood female characters who gave us important life lessons. Shilpa Dubey of Pinkvilla listed Ranaut\\'s character in the film, Tanu, as one of the iconic female characters from the 2010s decade of Bollywood. Srishti Magan of *ScoopWhoop* listed Dobriyal\\'s character in the film, 'Pappi Ji', as one of the best side characters from Hindi movies who were so brilliant that they deserve their own story. Bhavya Sadhwani of *IndiaTimes* listed Madhavan and Dobriyal\\'s characters in the film, Manu and Pappi ji, as one of the fifty characters that resonated with us and are likely to stay etched in our memories for a long long time.\nOver the years, *Tanu Weds Manu Returns* along with *Tanu Weds Manu* has become a cult classic franchise. It is also one of the most successful Indian franchises. Additionally, its dialogues and one-liners has reached a cult status spawning several online memes. The film is considered as one of the most important and best films of director Rai as well as one the best films of both Ranaut and Madhavan. On the occasion of the tenth anniversary of the first part of the franchise, *Tanu Weds Manu*, Director Rai revealed that people identify or refer him as ''Woh Tanu Weds Manu wala Aanand Rai'' ().\nAt the 63rd National Film Awards, *Tanu Weds Manu Returns* won the awards for Best Actress (for Ranaut), Best Original Screenplay and Best Dialogues. At the 61st Filmfare Awards ceremony, the film won two awards: Best Actress\u00a0-- Critics (for Ranaut) and Best Dialogue. The film also received nominations for Best Film and Best Director at the ceremony.","parent_id":"8b5711e2bac7ff6351b2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5130bb5e12f9fc1b967c:0","document_content":"# Rabbit Hero\n***Rabbit Hero*** () is a 2015 Chinese animated science fiction comedy film directed by Fu Yan. It was released in China on May 30, 2015.\n- Liu Hongyun\n- Li Xuqiao\n- Bai Wenxian\n- Shen Ke\n- Song Lei\n- Zhou Yan\n- Li Sixian\n- Zhang Zikun\n- Li Taichen\n- Dong Yuxin\nThe film earned at the Chinese box office.","parent_id":"5130bb5e12f9fc1b967c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"903ffd36f18f2ce7b462:0","document_content":"# The Whole Shebang (film)\n***The Whole Shebang*** is a 2001 American-Canadian romantic comedy film written and directed by George Zaloom and starring Stanley Tucci, Bridget Fonda and Giancarlo Giannini.\nThis movie was Bridget Fonda\\'s final role in a theatrical film to date. She appeared in a couple of television movies after this, and then stopped acting in 2002.\nA man (Stanley Tucci), on a mission to save his family\\'s fireworks business, becomes distracted after he falls in love.\n- Stanley Tucci as Giovanni Bazinni\n- Bridget Fonda as Val Bazinni\n- Giancarlo Giannini as Pop Bazinni\n- Talia Shire as Countess Bazinni\n- Anna Maria Alberghetti as Lady Zito\n- Anthony DeSando as Joey Zito\n- Alexander Milani as Bobby Bazinni\n- Frederico Fuoco as Anthony Zito\n- John Cassini as Pater Jerry\n- Jason Schombing as Ronaldo Bazinni\n- Frank Ferrucci as Arturo Bazinni\n- Jo Champa as Maria\n- Christian Bocher as Frank Bazinni\n- Maria Luisa Cianni as Andrea Martelli","parent_id":"903ffd36f18f2ce7b462","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"917553e8d8cd2b903eca:0","document_content":"# Fuego en el alma\n**Fuego en el alma** *(Fire in the Soul)* is a 2005 Puerto Rican film production. The film was produced by Amatista Films and the production company \\\"Y Si Nos Gusta\\\" that belonged to Juli\u00e1n Gil. It was directed by Abdiel Colberg.\n- Juli\u00e1n Gil - Millo\n- Daniela Droz - Luisa, Millo\\'s wife\n- Braulio Castillo, Jr.\u00a0- Ra\u00fal, lover and photoreporter\n- Luisa de los R\u00edos\n- Ra\u00fal D\u00e1vila - Jorge, Anhelo\\'s husband\n- Rey Pascual\n- Idalia P\u00e9rez Garay - Anhelo\n- N\u00e9stor Rodulfo - Gabriel\nThe movie was recorded in Puerto Rico: Carolina, Isabela, San Juan and in New York City.","parent_id":"917553e8d8cd2b903eca","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fe85eadf9fcbbe55326b:0","document_content":"# The Harder They Come\n***The Harder They Come*** is a 1972 Jamaican crime film directed by Perry Henzell and co-written by Trevor D. Rhone, and starring Jimmy Cliff. The film is most famous for its reggae soundtrack that is said to have \\\"brought reggae to the world\\\".\nEnormously successful in Jamaica, the film also reached the international market and has been described as \\\"possibly the most influential of Jamaican films and one of the most important films from the Caribbean\\\".\nIvanhoe \\\"Ivan\\\" Martin is a poor Jamaican man in desperate search of work. He leaves his rural home after his grandmother dies to live with his impoverished wastrel mother in Kingston, but is rebuffed. Before he can even locate her he has all his possessions stolen in a con by a street vendor he naively trusted. He later meets Jos\u00e9, who takes him to see *Django*, a Spaghetti Western. Excited by urban life, he tries to get a job but repeatedly fails.\nHe finally drifts into the circle of a Christian preacher. There he finds menial work, and in his spare time he turns an abandoned bicycle frame into a working bicycle, then uses it to run errands for his new boss. He gets into trouble with the preacher after he shows sexual interest in the Preacher\\'s young virginal female ward, Elsa, then with her assistance uses his church for rehearsing secular songs he intends to record.\nAfter being brusquely run off by the preacher (for his using the church space as a rehearsal venue) he returns to the church compound to collect his bicycle, but finds an older, much bigger former colleague has appropriated it. Challenged to take it back, Ivan does so, avoiding a broken bottle his opponent wields before slashing the man with a knife, for which he is sentenced by the local authorities to a violent whipping.\nIvan interests a prominent record producer in a song that he writes and performs, \\\"The Harder They Come\\\", but in spite of trying to wrangle more only gets the standard exploitative \\$20 offer for it. He dreams of stardom upon its release, but the stranglehold which the producer maintains on the local music industry through payola condemns Ivan to obscurity. He takes up with his lover, who has been violently driven away in a jealous rage by the preacher for \\\"fornication\\\".","parent_id":"fe85eadf9fcbbe55326b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fe85eadf9fcbbe55326b:1","document_content":"# The Harder They Come\nEventually Jos\u00e9 offers Ivan an opportunity to make a modest living running marijuana, moving the drug from the country to the city on a motorbike as part of a large police-protected network. When Ivan complains about the poor pay and what he obtusely believes is high risk, being oblivious to the collusion with the authorities that makes the thriving enterprise possible, Jos\u00e9 sets up a take-down for him with the corrupt local police official running the protection racket, Detective Jones. On Ivan\\'s next trip he is flagged down by a policeman who routinely had waved him by; Ivan panics, and shoots the officer, who dies from his wounds and crashing his motorcycle.\nNext, Ivan has a tryst with Jos\u00e9\\'s girlfriend. While he is in bed with her, the police surround the room and try to capture him. He shoots his way out, killing three officers. On the run, he returns to shoot and wound the girl, believing she and Jos\u00e9 betrayed him. He then finds Jos\u00e9 and pursues him, shooting at him but missing.\nIvan returns to the countryside. He is again betrayed and the police catch up with him, leading to another shootout and escape. Ivan seeks support from his closest drug-dealer friend, Pedro, who helps him hide out. Detective Jones, tasked with rounding Ivan up, temporarily shuts down his lucrative protection racket in order to starve the entire community. that its network financially supports into ratting Ivan out.\nMeanwhile, the record mogul releases Ivan\\'s song in order to capitalize on his notoriety, which becomes a hit and fans his fame as a charismatic rebel. Enamoured of this image, Ivan has staged photographs of himself posing as a flagrant two-gun outlaw. He sends them to the press, which is resistant to print them. He then steals a flashy car from a resort hotel and drives it aimlessly around the countryside in a reverie.\nPedro then advises Ivan to escape to Cuba. A rendezvous with a vessel bound there is arranged, but Ivan is ambushed by a police assault team while seeking to approach it and is unable to drag himself up a boarding ladder thrown over its stern. He passes out from his wound and finds himself beached ashore. The police approach, armed with automatic rifles; he comes out, holding his two guns, and is shot. The film ends with a woman\\'s torso gyrating to the sound of Ivan\\'s song over the credits.","parent_id":"fe85eadf9fcbbe55326b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fe85eadf9fcbbe55326b:2","document_content":"# The Harder They Come\n- Jimmy Cliff as Ivanhoe \\\"Ivan\\\" Martin\n- Janet Bartley as Elsa\n- Carl Bradshaw as Jose\n- Ras Daniel Heartman as Pedro\n- Basil Keane as The Preacher\n- Elijah Chambers as Longa\n- Bob Charlton as Hilton\n- Volair Johnson as Pushcart Boy\n- Winston Stona as Detective Ray Jones\n- Lucia White as Mother\n- Leslie Kong as Recording Engineer\n- Prince Buster as DJ at Dance\n- Beverly Anderson as Housewife\n- Clover Lewis as Market Woman\n- Ed \\\"Bim\\\" Lewis as Photographer\n- Bobby Loban as Fitz\n- Joanne Dunn as Barmaid\n- Adrian Robinson as Editor\n- Don Topping as DJ\n- Karl Leslie as Freddie\n- Sandra Redwood as Girl\n- Aston \\\"Bam\\\" Wynter as Drunk\n- Alton Ellis as Ivan\\'s Double\n- Ulla Fraser and Carol Lawes as Elsa\\'s Friends\nThe film stars reggae singer Jimmy Cliff, who plays Ivanhoe Martin, a character based upon a real-life Jamaican criminal of that name, better known as Rhyging, who achieved fame in the 1940s. Prior to filming, the project had a working title of *Rhygin*. This then changed to *Hard Road to Travel* before finally being changed to *The Harder They Come*, prompting Cliff to write the song of the same name. The story very loosely follows the real Martin\/Rhyging\\'s life updated to the 1970s, though the historical Rhyging was neither a musician nor drug dealer.","parent_id":"fe85eadf9fcbbe55326b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fe85eadf9fcbbe55326b:3","document_content":"# The Harder They Come\nCliff\\'s previous acting experience had come from school productions. Other major roles in the film were played by Janet Bartley (*Elsa*), Basil Keane (*Preacher*), Ras Daniel Hartman (*Pedro*), Beverly Anderson (*Upper St.\u00a0Andrew Housewife*), eventually married to Michael Manley who became the Prime Minister of Jamaica, Bob Charlton (*Hilton*), Volair Johnson (*Pushcart Boy*), and well known comedians Bim and Bam: Ed \\\"Bim\\\" Lewis (*Photographer*), and Aston \\\"Bam\\\" Wynter (*drunken husband*). Legendary ska musician Prince Buster (*DJ at Dance*) makes a cameo in the movie, telling the audience to *sit tight and listen keenly!*\nThe film was a sensation in Jamaica due to its naturalistic portrayal of black Jamaicans in real locations and its use of Jamaican Patois, the local creole. According to Henzell, \\\"Black people seeing themselves on the screen for the first time created an unbelievable audience reaction\\\".\nThe film premiered at the Carib Cinema in Kingston, Jamaica on June 5, 1972, and was then released in February 1973 in New York City by Roger Corman\\'s New World Pictures to little attention. It became more popular when it was played to midnight audiences nationwide the following April. However, the popularity of the movie was limited outside of Jamaica because the local Patois spoken by the characters was so thick that it required subtitles, making it possibly \\\"the first English language movie in history to require subtitles in the United States\\\".\nThe soundtrack to the film is considered a breakthrough for reggae in the United States.\n\n### Critical reception\nThe film received positive reviews from critics. On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an 89% score based on 37 reviews, with an average rating of 7.4\/10. Roger Ebert of the *Chicago Sun-Times* gave the film 2 1\/2 stars out of 4, writing that the \\\"movie's ending is an exercise in plot; its beginning and its music deserve better than that\\\". The staff of *Variety* magazine wrote that the film \\\"has a sharp and racy rhythm, in keeping with the syncopated music of the isle, plus an underlying social theme in the guise of a familiar tale\\\".\n**Music credits listed at the end of the film:**","parent_id":"fe85eadf9fcbbe55326b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fe85eadf9fcbbe55326b:4","document_content":"# The Harder They Come\n### Critical reception\n\\\"The Harder They Come\\\" recorded at Dynamic Sounds, Kingston\n\\\"You Can Get It if You Really Want\\\"\nperformed by Jimmy Cliff,\ncomposed by Jimmy Cliff\n\\\"Hold Your Brakes\\\"\nperformed by Scotty,\ncomposed by D. Harriot and D. Scott\n\\\"Pressure Drop\\\"\nperformed by The Maytals,\ncomposed by Frederick \\\"Toots\\\" Hibbert\n\\\"Many Rivers to Cross\\\"\nperformed by Jimmy Cliff,\ncomposed by Jimmy Cliff\n\\\"Johnny Too Bad\\\"\nperformed by The Slickers,\ncomposed by D. Crooks, R. Beckford, W. Bailey, T. Wilson\n\\\"007 Shanty Town\\\"\nperformed by Desmond Decker,\ncomposed by D. Dares\n\\\"Sweet and Dandy\\\"\nperformed by The Maytals,\ncomposed by Frederick \\\"Toots\\\" Hibbert\n\\\"The Harder They Come\\\"\nperformed by Jimmy Cliff,\ncomposed by Jimmy Cliff\n\\\"Rivers of Babylon\\\"\nperformed by The Melodians,\ncomposed by B. Dowe\n\\\"Sitting Here in Limbo\\\"\nperformed by Jimmy Cliff,\ncomposed by Jimmy Cliff\n\n### Novelization\nIn 1980, Jamaican-American author Michael Thelwell published a novel based on the film, using the same title. Thelwell inserted many Jamaican proverbs into the novel that were unused in the film.\n\n### Digital restoration\nIn 2006, Prasad Corporation digitally restored the film, recapturing its original look by cleaning it frame by frame to remove dirt, tears, scratches, and other artifacts.\n\n### Stage play\nIn 2005, *The Harder They Come* was adapted into a stage musical by the Theatre Royal Stratford East and UK Arts International in the UK, with a script overseen by Henzell. The show opened on 25 March 2006, boasting the original soundtrack as well as a couple of additions, including \\\"The Ganja Song\\\", written by Geraldine Connor, featuring Rolan Bell as Ivan. The production later moved to the Playhouse Theatre, and was performed in Toronto and Miami.\n\n### Music\nPunk band The Clash reference lead character Ivan in the hit song Guns of Brixton.\n- List of hood films","parent_id":"fe85eadf9fcbbe55326b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a65cfbcbc429222b0c8a:0","document_content":"# Chronicles of the Ghostly Tribe\n***Chronicles of the Ghostly Tribe*** () is a 2015 Chinese 3D adventure action film directed and co-written by Lu Chuan, and stars Mark Chao, Yao Chen, Rhydian Vaughan, Li Chen, Tiffany Tang and Daniel Feng. The film is an adaptation of Zhang Muye\\'s 2006 best-selling novel *Ghost Blows Out the Light*. *Chronicles of the Ghostly Tribe* was released in China on September 30, 2015.\nIn 1979, a young soldier is working in China\\'s snow capped Kunlun mountains when an explosion reveals bizarre fossils hidden deep in the mountain caverns. What they discover next will change his life and human history forever.\n- Mark Chao as Hu Bayi, former soldier\/adventurer.\n- Yao Chen as Yang Ping\/Shirley Yang, daughter of Professor Yang.\n- Rhydian Vaughan as Chen Dong, scientist\/student of Professor Yang.\n- Li Chen as Mr.\u00a0Wang\/President Wang, librarian\/guardian of Prince Yi\\'s mausoleum.\n- Tiffany Tang as Cao Weiwei.\n- Daniel Feng as Wang Kaixuan, locally famous singer & childhood friend of Hu Bayi.\n- Li Guangjie as Han Jiuyang.\n- Wang Qingxiang as Professor Yang, archaeologist\/expert on the Demon Temple & ghostly tribe.\n- Wu Jun\n- Wang Deshun as An Liman, a geographer.\nThis film was shot in Gansu.\n*Chronicles of the Ghostly Tribe*\\'s photographer was Cao Yu, who is Yao Chen\\'s husband.\nThe film was released in theaters in China on September 30, 2015.\nThe film made US\\$14.2 million on its opening day in China on Wednesday, September 30, 2015 placing first at the daily box office. During its opening weekend, it earned US\\$34 million ranking second at the Chinese box office behind *Lost in Hong Kong*.","parent_id":"a65cfbcbc429222b0c8a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b8d39d3a0e5b9c282e69:0","document_content":"# L.O.R.D: Legend of Ravaging Dynasties\n***L.O.R.D.: Legend of Ravaging Dynasties*** is a 2016 Chinese computer animated motion capture action fantasy adventure film written and directed by Guo Jingming. It was released in China by Le Vision Pictures on 30 September 2016 in 3D and IMAX 3D. Part 2 has been slated to be released in China on 6 July 2018.\nThe Odin Mainland is separated into four countries, in each lives a group of soul masters protecting their county with their soul powers. The most powerful seven of them are known as Noble Lords. The story begins in the water origin, the Aslan Empire.\nQi Ling (Cheney Chen) has been a busboy in an inn since young and subconsciously tamed a legendary soul beast, Ice Fang in a battle between soul masters. Yin Chen (Kris Wu) came on orders of the Silver Priest (Roy Wang) to take him in as his disciple. With his help, Qi Ling heads to the Grave of the Souls to seek his soul weapon, yet as he couldn't sit still like how his lord instructed him; he enters the Grave of the Souls with Tianshu You Hua (Lin Yun) and Guishan Lian Quan (Fan Bingbing). Qi Ling thus became embroiled in the upcoming storm; a battle of soul powers between the lords.\nAt the very same time, another conspiracy that has long been in the works within the Aslan Empire is gradually revealing itself. While searching for Qi Ling, Yin Chen found out that his master, the former 1st lord Gilgamesh may still be living, and thus risked his everything to begin the search of his previous master. At the same time, the killing lords You Ming (William Chan) and Thalia (Amber Kuo) received the silver priest\\'s orders to kill Guishan Lian Quan and her brother, Guishen Feng Hun (Yan Yikuan). A battle between the lords and disciples, in a fight for truth and honor, thus ensues.","parent_id":"b8d39d3a0e5b9c282e69","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b8d39d3a0e5b9c282e69:1","document_content":"# L.O.R.D: Legend of Ravaging Dynasties\n### The Righteous\n- Fan Bingbing as Guishan Lian Quan (Lotus) (), sister and disciple to the 5th degree. Like her brother she possesses the power to control soul beasts. She then inherits the titles of Lord to the 5th and 6th degrees from the respective Lords after their deaths.\n- Kris Wu as Yin Chen (Silver) (), Lord to the 7th degree and former disciple to the 1st degree, Gilgamesh. Possesses the unique power to own an infinite number of Horcruxes, spiritual equipment that wields extreme power.\n- Cheney Chen as Qi Ling (Asval) (), Disciple to the 7th degree Yin Chen.\n- Lin Yun as Tianshu You Hua (Princess Kira) (), Disciple to the 6th degree and daughter of the 6th lord; likes Qi Ling. Possesses the power of hyper-regeneration. She has an incomplete soul cycle inherited from her mother, who was the disciple to the 6th degree. Wields a bow as her Horcrux.\n- Yan Yikuan as Guishan Feng Hun (Wind Walker) (), Lord to the 5th degree; Guishan Lian Quan\\'s elder brother. Possesses the power to control soul beasts. Passes on his title as the Lord to the 5th degree to his sister and disciple after his death by the Lord to the 2nd degree.\n- Roy Wang as one of the Silver Priests ()","parent_id":"b8d39d3a0e5b9c282e69","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b8d39d3a0e5b9c282e69:2","document_content":"# L.O.R.D: Legend of Ravaging Dynasties\n### The Corroders\n- William Chan as You Ming (Dark) (), Lord to the 2nd degree; Thalia\\'s lover. Makes use of the Wraith Mirror, which reflects everyone except for those have more spiritual power than the user and those who have no spiritual power.\n- Amber Kuo as Thalia (Lady Nox) (), Lord to the 4th degree; You Ming\\'s lover with the power to see spiritual lines and power in all creatures. Uses the Hem of the Goddess, a piece of divine cloth.\n- Yang Mi as Shen Yin (Eron) (), Disciple to the 2nd degree; has an ambiguous relationship with Ni Hong. An individual with the power of reactive evolution.\n- Aarif Rahman as Ni Hong (Neon) (), Disciple to the 4th degree; has an ambiguous relationship with Shen Yin. He is a mute that is loyal to his lord.\n- Wang Duo as Qi La (Zila) (), Lord to the 3rd degree, has power over time and space.\n\n### Soul Beasts\n- Guo Jingming as Scorpion (), Yin Chen\\'s soul beast\n- Hu Hanchi as Ice Fang (), Qi Ling\\'s soul beast. It has the appearance of a white, winged, male lion. He is currently missing after saving Qi Ling from a monster at the Grave of Souls.\n**Song Category**\n**Song Name**\n**Singer**\n**Lyricists**\n**Composer**\n**Notes**\nTheme song\n\u7075\u7280\u4e00\u52a8\nHan Hong\nGuo Jingming, Luo Luo\nYuki Kajiura\nEnding theme song\n\u4eba\u95f4\u6c99\nCheney Chen","parent_id":"b8d39d3a0e5b9c282e69","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b8d39d3a0e5b9c282e69:3","document_content":"# L.O.R.D: Legend of Ravaging Dynasties\n### Soul Beasts\nThe film was released in China on September 30, 2016 and on the same day in international markets like the United Kingdom and Ireland, Australia and New Zealand, and the United States and Canada by Lionsgate. Regarding the film\\'s global release, a representative from Le Vision Pictures, the movie\\'s producer, which is handling distribution in Greater China said, \\\"Lionsgate appreciated the film\\'s potential for YA audiences around the world. They felt it fit in well with their track record of success with films in this genre, such as *The Hunger Games* and *Twilight* franchises.\\\"\n*L.O.R.D.: Legend of Ravaging Dynasties* opened in four markets -- China, UK, Australia and New Zealand -- in its opening weekend and grossed a total of \\$29.2 million, debuting in second place at the Chinese box office chart, behind *I Belonged to You* and *Miss Peregrine\\'s Home for Peculiar Children* on the international box office chart. In China alone, the film made \\$1.28 million in previews and booked 35% of all available screens and grossed \\$29 million (of the \\$29.2 million weekend total). In 325 IMAX theaters, it earned \\$2.3 million. The film benefitted hugely from the National Day holiday. The film\\'s earnings fell significantly after its opening day due to poor word of mouth and competition from *Operation Mekong*. It has grossed \\$53.8 million in four markets of which China\\'s contribution is \\$53.6 million. It next opened in Singapore.","parent_id":"b8d39d3a0e5b9c282e69","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b634c69b5fa9106420dd:0","document_content":"# Mr.\u00a0Black: Green Star\n***Mr.\u00a0Black: Green Star*** () is a 2015 Chinese animated science fiction action comedy film directed by Shengjun Yu, Xuegang Shi, Song Qing and Yi Shi. It is based on the Chinese *Black Cat Detective* animated series, and was released on August 7, 2015.\nThe movie begins with a shot of the prison in which One-ear mouse is being locked up. However, a meteor storm damages the prison, allowing One-ear mouse to get away. He is chased down by officers and cornered off but falls into a crater made by one of the meteors. Suddenly, a giant ape comes out of the crater and starts beating up the police officers. Just then, the duck dude comes and brings with him a whole squad of cat officers who then begin singing in order to introduce the main character: Inspector Black. Inspector Black Cat tries to get the ape to surrender but he gets away.\n- Lu Zhao as Black Cat Detective\n- Tian Hao Wu as One-Ear Mouse\n- Zijie Lin as Mu Sandu\n- Ying Liu as Theta \/ Mom\n- Yuzhu Cheng as Dr.\u00a0Great Ape\n- Chuanying Li as Duck Officer\n- Jia Zhan\n- Dian Tao\n- Jiajia Shi\n- Shengjun Yu\nThe film earned at the Chinese box office.","parent_id":"b634c69b5fa9106420dd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d71406ef7120dc8dc40e:0","document_content":"# Kwai Boo\n***Kwai Boo*** () is a 2015 Chinese animated science fiction comedy film directed by Yunfei Wang. The film was released on August 6, 2015.\n- Yunfei Wang\n- Ah-Gui\n- Tianxiang Yang\n- Shan Xin\n- Xiaoxi Tang\n- Guannan He\n- Tute Hameng\n- A Jie\n- Bao Mu Zhong Yang\n- Xiaoyu Liu\nThe film earned at the Chinese box office.","parent_id":"d71406ef7120dc8dc40e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8620ea1cc4484649009e:0","document_content":"# Chess King (film)\n***Chess King*** (, \\\"*Qi wang*\\\") is a 1988 Chinese drama film written and directed by Teng Wenji, based on Ah Cheng\\'s novel of the same name.\nThe film was entered into the main competition at the 45th edition of the Venice Film Festival. For this film Yuan Xie won the award for best actor at the 1989 Golden Rooster Awards.\nThe story takes place in China during the Down to the Countryside Movement of the late 1960s and early 1970s. The unnamed narrator and the chess master Wang Yisheng are two young intellectuals among many who are sent to a remote farm in the mountains to work. During the train ride to the mountains, Wang Yisheng and his friend talk about how he learned to play Chinese chess, and how he evolved his current strategy. Wang Yisheng tells his friend that his family was very poor, and his mother did not want him to be such a chess maniac, since chess could not earn money. However, Wang Yisheng was very devoted to chess. One day, while gathering garbage to sell, Wang Yisheng meets an old man who is a chess master. Using the principles of Daoism, the old man teaches Wang everything he knows about chess. Wang Yisheng also tells his friend about how his mother always disapproved of his chess habit, but before she died, she painstakingly made him a chess set out of discarded toothbrush handles, because she knew how much he loved chess. The two friends then debark the train and head their separate ways to different farms in the countryside.\nA couple months later, Wang Yisheng takes a vacation and visits his friend in the mountains. One of the narrator\\'s friends at the farm, Legballs, happens to be a good chess player. Legballs is very impressed with Wang\\'s ability, and the two become good friends.","parent_id":"8620ea1cc4484649009e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8620ea1cc4484649009e:1","document_content":"# Chess King (film)\nAfter a while of working at the farm, there is a local festival with a chess tournament. The narrator, Legballs, and their friends all take a vacation to attend the festival. Wang Yisheng arrives too late to enter the official chess tournament, but he challenges the winners to an unofficial match after the tournament is over. Word spreads of his challenge, and many people decide to challenge him. He ends up playing 9 people at once without any chess boards in front of him (effectively playing blind), and he beats most of them easily. The final match ended in a draw, with Wang Yisheng having played against an old man who was too fragile to leave the house, and had to send his chess moves via a messenger\u3002 Wang Yisheng burst into tears after the match, lamenting for his dead mother. The old man left his house to praise him personally.\n- Yuan Xie as Wang Yisheng\n- Liang Zhao as Tiehan\n- Li Hiu as \\\"The Nail\\\"\n- Ben Niu as The Secretary\n- Dahong Ni\n- Cui Zhi","parent_id":"8620ea1cc4484649009e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"469a6f7dd44e65e930cd:0","document_content":"# Laal Paree\n***Laal Paree*** is a 1991 Bollywood romance film starring Aditya Pancholi and introducing Jahnvi in the role of the mermaid.\nShankar falls in love with a girl, unaware of that she is a mermaid. Dr Jacob discovers this and tries every possible way to expose her, not knowing that she will encounter danger.\n- Aditya Pancholi as Shankar\n- Jahnvi as Mermaid Meenakshi\n- Javed Jaffrey as Johny\n- Gulshan Grover as Dr.\u00a0Jacob\n`Song\u00a0`\n`Singer`\n`\"Mere\u00a0Dil\u00a0Mein\u00a0Utar\u00a0Jaana\"`\n`Kishore\u00a0Kumar`\n`\"Main\u00a0Tere\u00a0Bin\u00a0Jee\u00a0Nahin\u00a0Sakta\"`\n`Mohammed\u00a0Aziz`\n`\"No\u00a0Objection,\u00a0No\u00a0Objection\"`\n`Vijay\u00a0Benedict,\u00a0Sarika\u00a0Kapoor,\u00a0Annette\u00a0Pinto`\n`\"Deewanon\u00a0Mera\u00a0Kaha\u00a0Maano\"`\n`Vinod\u00a0Kapoor,\u00a0Sarika\u00a0Kapoor,\u00a0Annette\u00a0Pinto,\u00a0Javed\u00a0Jaffrey`","parent_id":"469a6f7dd44e65e930cd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e788b7ecaa646510610b:0","document_content":"# Yellow Flowers on the Green Grass\n***Yellow Flowers on the Green Grass*** () is a 2015 Vietnamese film. It was adapted from the novel of the same name by Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1eadt \u00c1nh. It was directed by Victor V\u0169 and produced by Galaxy Media & Entertainment Saigon Concert, Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam Film, PS Vi\u1ec7t Nam and K+ Television channel. It was premiere in Cannes Film Festival 2015 and released in theaters on 2 October 2015. It was selected as the Vietnamese entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 89th Academy Awards but it was not nominated.\nThis is a movie portraying love and affection about a hometown, a family and teenage hood of each. T\u01b0\u1eddng is an innocent and lovely boy while his brother Thi\u1ec1u is selfish and stubborn. Aside from brotherhood filled with love, hate, envy, regret and atonement,\\...this is also about friendship, childhood memory of children living in poverty in Middle Region of Vietnam during 80s. There are fights; interesting kids\\' games; dreams filled with the images of prince and princess, and their first crush\\...\nThe story is demonstrated from a diary of Thi\u1ec1u evolving his daily life and thoughts. Thi\u1ec1u is a 7th grader who lives in a poor countryside with his younger brother named T\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u01b0\u1eddng is a lovely, generous and nice boy who loves his brother a lot; he especially loves playing with animals including bugs even. He is an introvert and loves reading many books and folk tales, especially the story of C\u00f3c T\u00eda (Purple Toad), therefore he pets a toad under his bed and names it \\\"Cu C\u1eadu\\\". On the other hand, Thi\u1ec1u is a mischievous, extroverted boy who has been unintentionally letting T\u01b0\u1eddng take all the blame for his tricks. Although being selfish on the outside, deep down Thi\u1ec1u still loves his brother. The brothers often hang around playing many traditional games for kids and make many memories out of it. The story also broadens the relationship between the brothers and people in their village, including their classmates and families. Their father is described as a gentleman who is appreciated by many, yet he has a short temper and often beat the two brothers for some reasons, while their mother is a nice woman, but she scolds them for their mistakes regardless.","parent_id":"e788b7ecaa646510610b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e788b7ecaa646510610b:1","document_content":"# Yellow Flowers on the Green Grass\nUncle \u0110\u00e0n is the younger brother of Thi\u1ec1u\\'s father who is handicapped yet still positive and often spares his time to tell some spooky stories for two brothers. His only sorrow must be his ill fated love caused by losing one of his arms. Uncle \u0110\u00e0n loves Vinh, a girl who is the daughter of Thi\u1ec1u\\'s scary teacher and also lives in the same village. One of Thi\u1ec1u\\'s classmates is S\u01a1n, who is 3 years older but still in the same class with Thi\u1ec1u due to his bad grades. S\u01a1n is a muscular boy who is extremely naughty with much misbehavior. Later, Thi\u1ec1u comes to realize his crush for his classmate M\u1eadn. M\u1eadn is cute and innocent, but she doesn\\'t study well enough because she has to take care of her sick father, who is locked inside a shack by her mother. Only Thi\u1ec1u and T\u01b0\u1eddng know this secret as both have to fight against S\u01a1n to protect M\u1eadn from evil plans.\nThe shack M\u1eadn\\'s father is locked inside catches fire; her mother is arrested for capturing her husband who is assumed to have died during the fire as bones are discovered in the ash. M\u1eadn is shocked and completely devastated; Thi\u1ec1u\\'s family decide to help her by telling her that she can live with them. M\u1eadn is aware of the fact that her father is still alive and her mother will be released soon. However, the friendship between M\u1eadn and T\u01b0\u1eddng gradually makes Thi\u1ec1u jealous. He doesn\\'t care enough to stop his brother\\'s toad from being taken and killed for its meat. The incident haunts Thi\u1ec1u as he watches T\u01b0\u1eddng mourn over the toad not knowing his big brother is partially responsible. The flood arrives and the village is drowned, once it withdraws, the village is left with poverty and a lack of crop. Thi\u1ec1u, T\u01b0\u1eddng and M\u1eadn discover that Uncle \u0110\u00e0n and Vinh have already planned for an escape from their family. At the same time, Thi\u1ec1u\\'s selfishness is getting bigger, which makes him hit T\u01b0\u1eddng with a big stick of wood, leaving T\u01b0\u1eddng paralyzed. Thi\u1ec1u feels even more regretful as T\u01b0\u1eddng tells him that he is the one whom M\u1eadn would like to hang out with.","parent_id":"e788b7ecaa646510610b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e788b7ecaa646510610b:2","document_content":"# Yellow Flowers on the Green Grass\n- Th\u1ecbnh Vinh as Thi\u1ec1u\n- Tr\u1ecdng Khang as T\u01b0\u1eddng\n- Thanh M\u1ef9 as M\u1eadn\n- Mai Th\u1ebf Hi\u1ec7p as Mr.\u00a0Nh\u00e3n\n- Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00fa Li\u00ean as Thi\u1ec1u\\'s mother\n- L\u00ea Vinh as Thi\u1ec1u\\'s father\n- Anh T\u00fa as \u0110\u00e0n\n- Kh\u00e1nh Hi\u1ec1n as Vinh\n- Mai Tr\u1ea7n as T\u00e1m T\u00e0ng\n- M\u1ef9 Anh as Nhi\nDirector Viet Linh was ordered by Phuong Nam Films to write the script of the movie which was finished in 2013. The script was demonstrated from the same name novel of writer Nguyen Nhat Anh by Viet Linh, Victor Vu and Doan Nhat Nam altogether. The movie was mostly filmed at Phu Yen, some at Van Ninh Commune, Khanh Hoa Province and Ho Chi Minh City. The original title was \\\"Hoa Vang Tren Co Xanh\\\" (Yellow Flowers on Green Grass), this is the first movie which was not written by Victor Vu himself. The budget of the movie was nearly 20 billion VND. This is the first movie which is produced as a cooperation between national and private companies.\n- List of submissions to the 89th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film\n- List of Vietnamese submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film","parent_id":"e788b7ecaa646510610b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b3a2b9e878ee4a04feaa:0","document_content":"# One Piece Film: Gold\n***One Piece Film: Gold*** is a 2016 Japanese animated fantasy action adventure film directed by Hiroaki Miyamoto and produced by Toei Animation. The film is part of the *One Piece* film series, based on the manga series of the same name written and illustrated by Eiichiro Oda. It had its world premiere at the Emirates Palace hotel in Abu Dhabi on July 15, 2016, and later premiered in Japan on July 23, 2016. On October 5, 2016, Funimation announced that they acquired the rights to screen the film in the United States and Canada on January 10--17, 2017.\nThe Straw Hat Pirates arrive at Gran Tesoro, a ship and entertainment city ruled by Gild Tesoro. The concierge Baccarat gives the Straw Hats a VIP stay due to their fame, and they go to a casino, where they win a lot of money. Baccarat then takes them to the VIP lounge to meet Tesoro, who challenges them to a dice game. However, Baccarat uses her Devil Fruit abilities to strip Luffy of his luck, causing him to lose. She reveals her foul play and the Straw Hats refuse to give up their money, causing them to fight Baccarat, Tesoro, and his subordinates Mr.\u00a0Tanaka and Dice. They are overwhelmed, and Tesoro, who can manipulate gold, captures Zoro by manipulating the gold dust sprayed on him when he entered Gran Tesoro. Tesoro gives the Straw Hats until midnight the next day to repay their debt, or he will execute Zoro.\nOutside, the Straw Hats run into Carina, a former acquaintance of Nami\\'s who is now working for Tesoro. They hatch a plan with Carina to steal money kept in the main hotel, and find out that most people in the city are enslaved to Tesoro. Tesoro pays CP-0 agent Spandam to send World Government forces after the Straw Hats. The next day, the Straw Hats split up into two teams and infiltrate the hotel. Team A, Luffy and Franky, scale it from the outside in order to disable its surveillance network. They disable it, but are caught by security. Tesoro and Tanaka then confront them, and Tesoro binds Luffy\\'s arms in gold before Tanaka sends them plummeting into the Golden Prison, a large cavern filled with nothing but gold.","parent_id":"b3a2b9e878ee4a04feaa","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b3a2b9e878ee4a04feaa:1","document_content":"# One Piece Film: Gold\nLuffy and Franky meet Raise Max, a legendary gambler and member of the Revolutionary Army who takes them through a dangerous pipe system to get to a seawater pipeline and wash the gold off Luffy. They reach the pipeline after Max stops a giant spinning fan. Meanwhile, the rest of the Straw Hats and Carina sneak into the room containing the money, only to find themselves on a stage as part of a trap laid by Tesoro and Carina. Tesoro reveals that he knows where Luffy and Franky are and attempts to drown them by flooding their location with seawater. He then attempts to execute Zoro, but when trying to release liquid gold from Gran Tesoro\\'s fountains, seawater comes out instead. Carina\\'s group reveals that they had intended for all of this to happen in order for the seawater to be released, and the seawater frees everyone from Tesoro\\'s control by washing the gold dust off them. Luffy and Franky\\'s group emerges from a fountain, and the Straw Hats reunite as Gran Tesoro\\'s citizens and prisoners rise up against Tesoro and his crew.","parent_id":"b3a2b9e878ee4a04feaa","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b3a2b9e878ee4a04feaa:2","document_content":"# One Piece Film: Gold\nIntent on remaining in control, Tesoro blows up the hotel and forms it into golden armor for his subordinates and a giant golem that he occupies. The Straw Hats fight Tesoro\\'s crew, and Luffy goes after Tesoro, but is overwhelmed. Marine forces led by Rob Lucci then attack Gran Tesoro, and Spandam captures Luffy. However, Sabo intercepts Lucci, and a child that Luffy inspired saves him from Spandam. The Straw Hats defeat Baccarat, Tanaka, and Dice, and Luffy uses Gear Four to destroy Tesoro\\'s golem. Tesoro turns the golem into liquid gold, which traps everyone except Luffy. Tesoro attacks Luffy with a massive tendril of gold, but Luffy destroys it and defeats him, sending him flying into the Marine fleet where he is arrested. Everyone is freed from the gold, but Gran Tesoro then appears to go into a self-destruct protocol. Carina decides to stay behind while everyone else evacuates, and as the Straw Hats depart, they realize the protocol was false and Carina now has control over Gran Tesoro. As the Straw Hats are chased by the Marine fleet, Carina sails Gran Tesoro into the distance.\nCharacter\nJapanese Voice Actor\nEnglish Voice Actor\n`Monkey\u00a0D.\u00a0Luffy`\n`Mayumi\u00a0Tanaka`\n`Colleen\u00a0Clinkenbeard`\n`Roronoa\u00a0Zoro`\n`Kazuya\u00a0Nakai`\n`Christopher\u00a0R.\u00a0Sabat`\n`Nami`\n`Akemi\u00a0Okamura`\n`Luci\u00a0Christian`\n`Usopp`\n`Kappei\u00a0Yamaguchi`\n`Sonny\u00a0Strait`\n`Vinsmoke\u00a0Sanji`\n`Hiroaki\u00a0Hirata`\n`Eric\u00a0Vale`\n`Tony\u00a0Tony\u00a0Chopper`\n`Ikue\u00a0\u014ctani`\n`Brina\u00a0Palencia`\n`Nico\u00a0Robin`\n`Yuriko\u00a0Yamaguchi`\n`Stephanie\u00a0Young`\n`Franky`\n`Kazuki\u00a0Yao`\n`Patrick\u00a0Seitz`\n`Brook`\n`Ch\u014d`\n`Ian\u00a0Sinclair`\nGild Tesoro\n`Kazuhiro\u00a0Yamaji`\n`Keith\u00a0Silverstein`\n`Takahiro\u00a0Sakurai\u00a0(young)`\n`Dallas\u00a0Reid\u00a0(young)`\n`Baccarat`\n`Nanao`\n`Amber\u00a0Lee\u00a0Connors`\n`Dice`\n`Kendo\u00a0Kobayashi`\n`Tyson\u00a0Rinehart`\n`Tanaka`\n`Gaku\u00a0Hamada`\n`Daman\u00a0Mills`\n`Carina`","parent_id":"b3a2b9e878ee4a04feaa","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b3a2b9e878ee4a04feaa:3","document_content":"# One Piece Film: Gold\n`Hikari\u00a0Mitsushima`\n`Michele\u00a0Knotz`\n`Raise\u00a0Max`\n`Kin'ya\u00a0Kita\u014dji`\n`Garrett\u00a0Schenck`\n`Sakazuki`\n`Fumihiko\u00a0Tachiki`\n`Andrew\u00a0Love`\n`Rob\u00a0Lucci`\n`Tomokazu\u00a0Seki`\n`Jason\u00a0Liebrecht`\n`Spandam`\n`Masaya\u00a0Onosaka`\n`Christopher\u00a0Corey\u00a0Smith`\n`Sabo`\n`T\u014dru\u00a0Furuya`\n`Vic\u00a0Mignogna`\n`Koala`\n`Satsuki\u00a0Yukino`\n`Jeannie\u00a0Tirado`\n`Kent\u00a0Beef\u00a0Jr.`\n`Arata\u00a0Furuta`\n`Brian\u00a0Olvera`\n`Pork`\n`Josh\u00a0Grelle`\n`Jimmy\u00a0Myers`\n`Korokke`\n`Alejandro\u00a0Saab`\n`Long\u00a0Long`\n`Wataru\u00a0Takagi`\n`Chad\u00a0Cline`\n`Morkin`\n`Nadal`\n`Joel\u00a0McDonald`\n`Narcie`\n`Nobuyuki\u00a0Hiyama`\n`Scott\u00a0Frerichs`\n`Lepre`\n`Rena\u00a0Takeda`\n`Kristi\u00a0Kang`\n`Bit`\n`Ayaka\u00a0Miyoshi`\n`Kristen\u00a0Lee`\n`Kiruko`\n`Arisa\u00a0Sato`\n`Jennifer\u00a0Green`\n`Alba`\n`Nanase\u00a0Nishino`\n`Katy\u00a0Tye`\n`Curve`\n`Ry\u014d\u00a0Narita`\n`David\u00a0Trosko`\n`Rikka`\n`Chika\u00a0Sakamoto`\n`Jill\u00a0Harris`\n`Tempo`\n`Naoko\u00a0Watanabe`\n`Bryn\u00a0Apprill`\n`Double\u00a0Down`\n`Naoto\u00a0Takenaka`\n`TBC`\n`Whitejack`\n`Keith\u00a0Kubal`\n`Camael`\n`Masakazu\u00a0Mimura`\n`Keith\u00a0Kubal`\n`Stella`\n`Gi\u00a0Ryoko`\n`Madeleine\u00a0Morris`\n\n### Music and soundtrack\nThe film score was composed by Yuki Hayashi and the film\\'s theme song is by Glim Spanky. As a fan of the band, Eiichiro Oda personally requested that they provide the theme. The film\\'s staff asked the group to write something different than what would typically be associated with *One Piece* and to evoke the feeling of \\\"battling Luffy.\\\" The first song they brought was not what the staff had in mind and they were suggested to write something more \\\"unrefined\\\" and \\\"Iggy Pop-ish\\\", to which Glim Spanky responded with \\\"Ikari o Kure yo\\\".","parent_id":"b3a2b9e878ee4a04feaa","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b3a2b9e878ee4a04feaa:4","document_content":"# One Piece Film: Gold\n### Music and soundtrack\nONE PIECE FILM GOLD Original Soundtrack (Disc 1)\n1.  \nTitle\nLength\nEnglish\nRomaji\nJapanese\n01\nGOLD & JIVE\uff5eSILVER OCEAN\nGold & Jive-Silver Ocean\nGOLD & JIVE\uff5eSILVER OCEAN\n11:11\n02\nEmbarkation\nJyousenn\n\u4e57\u8239\n0:12\n03\nBaccarat Appears\nBakaratouzyou\n\u30d0\u30ab\u30e9\u767b\u5834\n1:13\n04\nWelcome to Gran Tesoro!\nYoukoso Grantesoro he!\n\u3088\u3046\u3053\u305d\u30b0\u30e9\u30f3\u30fb\u30c6\u30be\u30fc\u30ed\u3078!\n2:20\n05\nFunky White Suit\nFunky Shiro Suit\n\u30d5\u30a1\u30f3\u30ad\u30fc\u767d\u30b9\u30fc\u30c4\n1:18\n06\nSlave of Gold\nKinn No Dorei\n\u91d1\u306e\u5974\u96b7\n0:32\n07\nGold Emperor\nOugontei\n\u9ec4\u91d1\u5e1d\n2:26\n08\nGo Go Casino\nGo Go Casino\nGOGO \u30ab\u30b8\u30ce\n0:52\n09\nHOT CHELL\nHOT CHELL\nHOT CHELL\n4:46\n10\nWin\nKachimakuri\n\u52dd\u3061\u307e\u304f\u308a\n0:32\n11\nVIP Room\nVip Room\nVIP\u30eb\u30fc\u30e0\n1:05\n12\nExciting Chouhan\nExciting Chouhan\n\u30a8\u30ad\u30b5\u30a4\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u4e01\u534a\n1:09\n13\nTesoro and Crew\nTesoro To Ichimi\n\u30c6\u30be\u30fc\u30ed\u3068\u4e00\u5473\n3:58\n14\nI Was Tricked!?\nHamerareta!?\n\u30cf\u30e1\u3089\u308c\u305f!?\n1:31\n15\nUltimate Gambling\nKyukyoku No Gambling\n\u7a76\u6975\u306e\u30ae\u30e3\u30f3\u30d6\u30eb\n2:01\n16\nThief and Vixen\nDorobouneko To Megitsune\n\u6ce5\u68d2\u732b\u3068\u5973\u72d0\n0:50\n17\nWILD COW\nWILD COW\nWILD COW\n0:37\n18\nTesoro Money\nTesoro Money\n\u30c6\u30be\u30fc\u30ed\u30de\u30cd\u30fc\n2:14\n19\nSlave\\'s Hopelessness\nDorei No Heisokukan\n\u5974\u96b7\u306e\u9589\u585e\u611f\n1:49\n20\nCrossing Prediction\nKousasuru Omowaku\n\u4ea4\u932f\u3059\u308b\u601d\u60d1\n2:32\n21\nTactical Preparation\nSakusenkaigichuu\n\u4f5c\u6226\u6e96\u5099\u4e2d\n0:37\n22\nThe Pair\\'s Past\nFurtarinokako\n\u4e8c\u4eba\u306e\u904e\u53bb\n2:35\n23\nStrategic Meeting\nSakusenkaigi\n\u4f5c\u6226\u4f1a\u8b70\n2:17\nDisc length\n48:37\nONE PIECE FILM GOLD Original Soundtrack (Disc 2)\n1.  \nTitle\nLength\nEnglish\nRomaji\nJapanese\n01\nDokidoki Spy Item\nDokiDoki Spy Time\n\u30c9\u30ad\u30c9\u30ad\u30b9\u30d1\u30a4\u30a2\u30a4\u30c6\u30e0\n3:14\n02\nNatural Trap\nTennen Trap\n\u5929\u7136\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7\n1:52\n03\nGum Gum Infiltration","parent_id":"b3a2b9e878ee4a04feaa","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b3a2b9e878ee4a04feaa:5","document_content":"# One Piece Film: Gold\n### Music and soundtrack\nGomugomu No Sennyu\n\u30b4\u30e0\u30b4\u30e0\u306e\u6f5c\u5165\n1:12\n04\nAn Intruder is Found\nShinnyusya Hakken\n\u4fb5\u5165\u8005\u767a\u898b\n0:37\n05\nTesoro\\'s Power\nTsoro No Chikara\n\u30c6\u30be\u30fc\u30ed\u306e\u529b\n2:06\n06\nThe Upcoming Crisis\nSemaru Kiki\n\u8feb\u308b\u5371\u6a5f\n0:42\n07\nCelestial Dragons\nTenryubito\n\u5929\u7adc\u4eba\n0:39\n08\nGold Prison\nGold Prison\n\u30b4\u30fc\u30eb\u30c9\u30d7\u30ea\u30ba\u30f3\n0:43\n09\nPrisoner Blues\nSyuujin No Blues\n\u56da\u4eba\u306e\u30d6\u30eb\u30fc\u30b9\n0:42\n10\nLegendary Gambler\nDensetsu No Gambler\n\u4f1d\u8aac\u306e\u30ae\u30e3\u30f3\u30d6\u30e9\u30fc\n0:55\n11\nFaint Possibility\nKasukana Kanousei\n\u304b\u3059\u304b\u306a\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\n1:30\n12\nThe Secret Plan of Reversal\nGyakuten No Hisaku\n\u9006\u8ee2\u306e\u79d8\u7b56\n0:21\n13\nFake Celestial Dragons\nNise Tenryubito\n\u30cb\u30bb\u5929\u7adc\u4eba\n1:04\n14\nThe Way to Escape\nDassyutu Heno Michi\n\u8131\u51fa\u3078\u306e\u9053\n1:12\n15\nMax\\'s Determination\nMax No Ketsui\n\u30de\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306e\u6c7a\u610f\n1:13\n16\nIn Pursuit of Freedom\nJiyuu Wo Motomete\n\u81ea\u7531\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u3066\n1:22\n17\nBetrayal\nUragiri\n\u88cf\u5207\u308a\n1:40\n18\nA Desperate Situation\nZettaizetsumei\n\u7d76\u4f53\u7d76\u547d\n3:34\n19\nAn Emergency Situation\nMasaka No Jitai\n\u307e\u3055\u304b\u306e\u4e8b\u614b\n1:13\n20\nExtreme Entertainment!\nKyukyoku No Entertainment\n\u7a76\u6975\u306e\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30c6\u30a4\u30f3\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\n2:21\n21\nTesoro\\'s Past\nTesoro No Kako\n\u30c6\u30be\u30fc\u30ed\u306e\u904e\u53bb\n1:12\n22\nTesoro\\'s Madness\nTesoro No Kyouki\n\u30c6\u30be\u30fc\u30ed\u306e\u72c2\u6c17\n1:24\n23\nGod\\'s Power\nKami No Chikara\n\u795e\u306e\u529b\n1:29\n24\nThe Three Executives Appear\nSankanbu Touzyou\n3\u5e79\u90e8\u767b\u5834\n1:45\n25\nThe Strength to Stand Up\nTachiagaru Chikara\n\u7acb\u3061\u4e0a\u304c\u308b\u529b\n1:18\n26\nOppressed Crew\nOsareru Ichimi\n\u62bc\u3055\u308c\u308b\u4e00\u5473\n1:13\n27\nThe Terror of Luck\nLucky No Osoroshisa\n\u30e9\u30c3\u30ad\u30fc\u306e\u6050\u308d\u3057\u3055\n2:17\n28\nThe Subsequent Battle\nTuduku Battle\n\u7d9a\u304f\u30d0\u30c8\u30eb\n1:41\n29\nThe Strongest Brother Appears\nSaikyou No Anitouzyou","parent_id":"b3a2b9e878ee4a04feaa","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b3a2b9e878ee4a04feaa:6","document_content":"# One Piece Film: Gold\n### Music and soundtrack\n\u6700\u5f37\u306e\u5144\u767b\u5834\n1:35\n30\nBelieve In Your Nakamas\nNakama Wo Shinjite\n\u4ef2\u9593\u3092\u4fe1\u3058\u3066\n2:31\n31\nThe Great Turnabout\nDaigyakuten\n\u5927\u9006\u8ee2\n3:35\n32\nMad God\nKuruttakami\n\u72c2\u3063\u305f\u795e\n1:24\n33\nLast Battle\nLast Battle\n\u30e9\u30b9\u30c8\u30d0\u30c8\u30eb\n1:21\n34\nTriumphant Liberty\nJiyuu No Shouri\n\u81ea\u7531\u306e\u52dd\u5229\n0:53\n35\nThe Final Trick\nSaigo No Shikake\n\u6700\u5f8c\u306e\u4ed5\u639b\u3051\n1:43\n36\nGive Me Rage (Short ver.)\nIkari Wo Kureyo (Short Version)\n\u6012\u308a\u3092\u304f\u308c\u3088(Short ver.)\n1:38\nDisc length\n55:11\nThe film was released in Japan on July 23, 2016 by its distributor Toei Company, on 739 screens in 344 theatres across the country.\nThe Blu-ray was released on December 28, 2016, in Japan and was released on 7 April 2017 in Germany, and 2 May 2017 in the U.S.\nSelecta Visi\u00f3n released the film in Spain and Portugal on DVD and Blu-ray on 12 April 2017, featuring Japanese, Spanish and Catalan audio, as well as subtitles in Spanish, Catalan and Portuguese. Previously, the film had been premiered in theaters in Spain on 4 November 2016, dubbed in Spanish and Catalan. It was the first One Piece film to be released in cinemas in Spain.\n\n### Marketing\nLogo of *One Piece Film: Gold*\n\n### Box office\nThe film grossed on its opening weekend in Japan. It earned \u00a51,516,450,600 from the 1,088,166 ticket sales in its first four days. It grossed by August 16, 2016. It grossed over (\\$48.8 million) in Japan by early September 2016. By the end of 2016, it had grossed in Japan, and was one of the year\\'s top five highest-grossing domestic films.\nIn China, it grossed the biggest three-day total () in China of any Japanese film for 2016, up until the release of *Your Name*. *Film: Gold* went on to gross () in China. The film also grossed () in South Korea, and \\$423,593 in the United States and Canada. The worldwide total box office is about .","parent_id":"b3a2b9e878ee4a04feaa","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b3a2b9e878ee4a04feaa:7","document_content":"# One Piece Film: Gold\n### Critical reception\nOn review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 67%, based on 9 reviews, and an average rating of 6.2\/10. On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 43 out of 100, based on 4 critics, indicating \\\"mixed or average reviews\\\".\n\n### Home media\nThe film was released in Japan in standard and limited edition DVD and Blu-ray formats on December 28, 2016. The limited edition \\\"Golden Limited Edition\\\" contains with interview of Eiichiro Oda, making of and application card for event, TV spot, trailer, and much more. Comes with golden earphones, a pen, Gran Tesoro Adventure original board game, golden casino-chip menko cards, and an unreleased press material. By the end of the year in Japan, the movie *Gold* had sold approximately 79,932 copies of DVDs and Blu-rays.\nKoch Media released the film in Italy on DVD and Blu-ray on April 6, 2017. Selecta Visi\u00f3n released the film in Spain on DVD and Blu-ray on 12 April 2017, featuring Japanese, Spanish and Catalan audio, also with subtitles in Spanish and Catalan. On April 17, 2017 Kaz\u00e9 Anime launched Germany two versions of the home video, the Standard Edition Blu-ray\/DVD and the Limited Deluxe Edition. In North America, Funimation released the film on DVD and Blu-ray on May 2, 2017.\n- List of One Piece films\n- List of One Piece media","parent_id":"b3a2b9e878ee4a04feaa","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"ec717019b604968ac703:0","document_content":"# Kristine Valdresdatter (film)\n***Kristine Valdresdatter*** is a Norwegian silent film from 1930. This was the last silent film produced in Norway and it was directed by Rasmus Breistein. Breistein also wrote the script, which was based on Hans Andersen Foss\\'s novel *Kristine: En fort\u00e6lling fra Valdres* (Kristine: A Tale from Valdres). The film premiered on 26 December 1930 and it has been aired several times by NRK.\nEvery year, Lord Wakefield comes to Vang in the Valdres district to go fishing on the lakes. He stays at the Solbj\u00f8r farm, which is owned by the bailiff Erik Solbj\u00f8r. There the lord meets the beautiful Anne and falls in love with her. The next spring she gives birth to a daughter. In despair, Anne places the child on the steps of the Solbj\u00f8r farm and then drowns herself in a lake.\nErik cares for the girl and raises her as his own. He names her Kristine Valdresdatter (i.e., Kristine, daughter of Valdres). As she grows up, Kristine falls in love with her schoolmate Harald. In adulthood, Harald becomes difficult to deal with, prone to drinking and fighting. Kristine tries to change his behavior without success. Harald is also an accomplished fiddler, and he goes on the road to perform. Kristine travels to England with Lord Wakefield, where her beautiful singing voice develops. The lord\\'s great dream is to hear her sing at Vang Church. However, Kristine and Harald cannot forget each other, and they start exchanging letters. Harald writes that he has stopped drinking, and one summer they meet again at the home in Vang. Lord Wakefield is also there. He is seriously ill, and on his deathbed he reveals to Kristine that he is her father and that he has made her his heiress.","parent_id":"ec717019b604968ac703","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"ec717019b604968ac703:1","document_content":"# Kristine Valdresdatter (film)\n- Aase Bye: Kristine\n- Tore Foss: Harald Bergli\n- Rasmus Rasmussen: Erik Solbj\u00f8r, the bailiff\n- Harald Schwenzen: Lord Wakefield\n- Kristian Aamodt: Anton M\u00f8ller\n- Carl Hagerup Aspevold: Ola Vik (\\\"Storeviken\\\"), the local historian\n- Sigurd Eldegard: Peder Bergli\n- Per Haldor: Harald as a child\n- Signe Johansen: Kristine as a child\n- Emma Juel: Erik Solbj\u00f8r\\'s wife\n- Ole Leikvang: the schoolmaster\n- Peter Leirah: the priest\n- Tora Leirah: the priest\\'s wife\n- Helga Balle Lund: Anne, the milkmaid\n- Mildred Mehle: a farm girl\n- Signe Ramberg: Kari Fjellstugu\n- \u00d8rnulf \u00d8iseth: Tolleif, a farm boy","parent_id":"ec717019b604968ac703","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5b730dfaaebdacfd00ae:0","document_content":"# Student of the Year 2\n***Student of the Year 2*** is a 2019 Indian Hindi-language teen-romantic comedy film written by Arshad Sayed and directed by Punit Malhotra. A standalone sequel to the 2012 film *Student of the Year*, it stars Tiger Shroff, Tara Sutaria, Ananya Panday and Aditya Seal. The film tells the story of Rohan Sachdev, a college student in his quest to become the Student of the Year. The film was produced by Karan Johar, Yash Johar and Apoorva Mehta under the banner Dharma Productions, with Fox Star Studios serving as distributor and co-producer. The film\\'s soundtrack was composed by Vishal--Shekhar and released under the banner of Zee Music Company. The film marks the debuts of both Sutaria and Pandey in Hindi cinema.\nPrincipal photography for the film began in April 2018 at Dehradun, and ended in September 2018.\n*Student of the Year 2* was released in on 10 May 2019. Upon its release the film was panned by critics, with criticism directed at the script, unreal situations and unrealistic depiction of Indian schools and colleges; Shroff\\'s action sequences were, however, praised. Holding a rating of on Rotten Tomatoes, it is among the lowest-rated Indian films. It did poor at the box office with a worldwide collection of .18 billion. Tiger\\'s action and dancing skills were praised and so were the songs. Ananya and Tara got the Best Female Debut in Star Guild Awards.\nRohan Sachdev, a middle-class student, decides to go to the affluent St.\u00a0Teresa's College after his childhood sweetheart, Mridula Chawla transfers there. The two begin a relationship when Rohan wins the college over by showing his sports skills. Rohan becomes friends with Manav Singh Randhawa, the reigning \\\"Student of the Year\\\", but is at odds with his sister Shreya, a popular girl who detests and insults him. One of her pranks creates a rift between Rohan and his friends from his previous school.","parent_id":"5b730dfaaebdacfd00ae","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5b730dfaaebdacfd00ae:1","document_content":"# Student of the Year 2\nRohan-Mia and Manav-Shreya are coupled up for a dance competition which the latter wins after Mia falters. Rohan finds Mia getting intimate with Manav and realizes that he had deliberately planted her to spoil Rohan\\'s image. He is expelled when he punches Manav. Initially discouraged, he eventually comes back and challenges Manav for the Student of the Year trophy.\nRohan returns to his old school, Pishorilal, where Shreya, impressed by his sincerity, helps him make amends with his old friends. She also convinces him to join her in a national dance competition. Shreya falls in love with him as they practice. Meanwhile, Mia\\'s attempts to win him back after Manav cheats on her, end in an argument where Shreya spills coffee over her.\nDuring an inter-school multi-event tournament, a fight breaks out between Pishorilal and St.\u00a0Teresa\\'s students, ending in Rohan\\'s teammate Abhishek being badly injured. At the hospital, Mia holds Rohan\\'s hand in-front of Shreya to show that they had reconciled. She apologizes to Mia and after blessing them with happiness, she leaves. Rohan follows her and professes his love, but she refuses.\nPishorilal manages to climb up the ranks and reach the final against St.\u00a0Teresa. On the second night, Mia tries to kiss Rohan, but he refuses, saying that it was time to focus on accomplishing something. Although upset, she decides to support him and they become friends.\nBefore the final, he confesses his love to Shreya again, which she accepts when he tells her that Mia was just a friend. Shreya and Mia support Pishorilal in the match. Rohan helps his team fight and win the tournament, defeating St.\u00a0Teresa. Rohan and Shreya embrace, while Mia leaves smiling, knowing that Rohan\\'s dream of being the Student of the Year will now come true. Pishorilal celebrates their first-ever victory, and Rohan becomes the Student of the Year, leaving Manav upset.","parent_id":"5b730dfaaebdacfd00ae","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5b730dfaaebdacfd00ae:2","document_content":"# Student of the Year 2\n- Tiger Shroff as Rohan Sachdev\n  - Suyash Kapoor as 15Years Rohan\n    - Madhav Dhingra as 9Years Rohan\n- Tara Sutaria as Mridula \\\"Mia\\\" Chawla\n  - Suhani Sethi as 15Years Mia\n    - Dhanaya Madan as 9Years Mia\n- Ananya Panday as Shreya Randhawa\n- Aditya Seal as Manav Singh Randhawa\n- Harsh Beniwal as Puggi, Rohan\\'s best friend, student at Pishorilal\n- Sahil Anand as Jeet Khurana\n- Manjot Singh as Dimple \\\"Dimpy\\\" Singh, Jeet\\'s friend\n- Samir Soni as Principal Mahendra Gujral, Dean of St.\u00a0Teresa School\n- Gul Panag as Kuljeet Shergill, Coach of St.\u00a0Teresa School\n- Abhishek Bajaj as Abhishek Sharma, Captain of the Pishorilal team\n- Manoj Pahwa as Randhir Mahipal, Coach of Pishorilal Chamandas College\n- Ayesha Raza Mishra as Principal Archana Singh, Dean of Pishorilal Chamandas College\n- Rajesh Kumar as Prem Narayan Sachdev\n- Manasi Joshi Roy as Roopa Sachdev\n- Chetan Pandit as Sukesh Singh Randhawa\n- Samreen Kaur as Vandana Chawla\n- Will Smith as himself (cameo appearance after the song \\\"The Jawaani Song\\\" in a remix of the Student of the Year song \"Radha\")\n- Alia Bhatt in a special appearance in the song \\\"Hook Up\\\"\n- Farah Khan as a judge (cameo appearance in the dance contest)","parent_id":"5b730dfaaebdacfd00ae","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5b730dfaaebdacfd00ae:3","document_content":"# Student of the Year 2\n### Development\n*Student of the Year 2* is a sequel to the 2012 Karan Johar-directed romantic comedy-drama *Student of the Year*. Shortly after the commercial success of the first film, a sequel was announced by the producers. In November 2017, a press release by Dharma Productions revealed that the sequel is slated to release in 2018; it would be directed by Punit Malhotra and star Tiger Shroff in one of the leading roles. The film was announced four years after Malhotra\\'s previous directorial *Gori Tere Pyaar Mein* (2013). It was to be produced in association by Johar\\'s Dharma Productions and Fox Star Studios. The film\\'s announcement by the company initially conflicted with that of their another production, *Dhadak* (2018), which roused speculation that Ishaan Khatter would star in the film. Johar denied the news and stated that the reports were \\\"baseless and untrue\\\".\n\n### Casting\nThe announcement did not reveal the rest of the cast; media reports speculated that either Disha Patani or Ananya Panday, daughter of Chunky Pandey, would play the leading lady opposite Shroff. In April 2018, Johar announced that the film\\'s female leads would be Panday and Tara Sutaria, both debutantes. Television actor Abhishek Bajaj and Harsh Beniwal, a YouTuber, also make their film debuts. Beniwal, in preparation for the role, put on weight and grew a beard.","parent_id":"5b730dfaaebdacfd00ae","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5b730dfaaebdacfd00ae:4","document_content":"# Student of the Year 2\n### Casting\nMalhotra stated that the two films have unrelated storylines: \\\"The intention of the film is not to make this a Me Too of first part, so Tiger. It's a fresh take on the subject. It's more about sports and action\\\". He was initially supposed to work on a different film with Shroff, but two-three months before filming, they scrapped the project and wrote a new script, a sequel to *Student of the Year*. In response to accusations that the film raised unhealthy expectations for college life, Shroff said, \\\"What you see here is a fun school. It\\'s a school that you want everyone to be a part of. We wanted everyone to fall in love with it\\\". He plays an underdog in the film, expressing, \\\"It\\'s like Superman has been stripped of his powers\\\".\nSamir Soni, who had previously appeared in Malhotra\\'s *I Hate Luv Storys* in 2012 and since shifted to direction, returned to acting by playing a college principal, a supporting role similar to the one originally portrayed by Rishi Kapoor in *Student of the Year*. However, the principal in the first film identified as gay, while the one played by Soni was heterosexual and more comical. Media outlets speculated that Sidharth Malhotra, Alia Bhatt and Varun Dhawan, who had starring debut roles in the previous film, would feature in a cameo appearance for a song. In May 2019, it was revealed that Bhatt features in a special appearance for the \\\"Hook-up\\\" song, alongside Shroff.\nAs a part of *Will Smith\\'s Bucket List*, Will Smith appeared in a song in the film for satisfying his wish of appearing in a Bollywood production.","parent_id":"5b730dfaaebdacfd00ae","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5b730dfaaebdacfd00ae:5","document_content":"# Student of the Year 2\n### Filming\nPrincipal photography for *Student of the Year 2* began on 9 April 2018 in Dehradun. Shortly afterwards, parts of the film were shot at Rishikesh and Mussoorie as part of the schedule. Sets for the film were also erected in Film City, Mumbai. After the film\\'s production was delayed, Sutaria\\'s filming schedule began to clash with that of her other project *Kabir Singh*; she quit that film to ensure that shooting took place smoothly. In August 2018, a four-day sequence was filmed in Thailand. Filming ended in September 2018 with the shooting of the climax sequence. *Student of the Year 2* was produced on an estimated budget of 650\u00a0million, including promotion and advertising costs.\nThe film\\'s soundtrack was composed by Vishal--Shekhar with lyrics written by Anvita Dutt Guptan, Kumaar and first-time collaborator Vayu, and was released under the banner of Zee Music Company. Reviewing the soundtrack, Pratishruti Ganguly of *Firstpost* wrote, \\\"Unfortunately, tracks like \\\"Hook Up Song\\\" and \\\"Mumbai Dilli Ki Kudiyan\\\" perhaps indicate that the understanding of the \\\"jawaan\\\" pulse is a tad misguided in this film\\\".\nThe song \\\"Yeh Jawani Hai Deewani\\\", originally sung by Kishore Kumar and composed by R. D. Burman for the soundtrack to the 1972 film *Jawani Diwani*, was recreated for the film, with vocals provided by Vishal Dadlani and Payal Dev, and was rebranded as \\\"The Jawaani Song\\\".\n\n### Theatrical\nOn 30 July 2018, a press release by Dharma Productions stated that the film\\'s release date was postponed to 10 May 2019 due to what was speculated to be expected competition from the science fiction action film *2.0* (2018) starring Rajinikanth, Akshay Kumar and Amy Jackson.","parent_id":"5b730dfaaebdacfd00ae","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5b730dfaaebdacfd00ae:6","document_content":"# Student of the Year 2\n### Marketing\nThe film was announced via a first look poster featuring Shroff that was released on 20 November 2017 by Johar on various social media platforms; the poster carried the release date of 23 November 2018. In April 2018, first look posters featuring Sutaria and Panday announcing the new cast members were released; this was somewhat controversial owing to the cast being children of other actors, and this furthered the long-standing accusations of Johar promoting nepotism.\nTwo new teaser posters were released on 10 April 2019 presenting Shroff\\'s look as a student. Another set of posters featuring Sutaria and Panday were released on 11 April 2019. On 12 April 2019, a theatrical release poster of the film was shared by Johar on his Instagram account; Kshamaya Daniel of Rediff.com wrote of the trailer, \\\"While the cast and their acting looks promising enough, the storyline -- not so much\\\".\n\n### Home media\nThe film was made available as VOD on Amazon Prime Video on 1 September 2019.\n\n### Box office\nIn India, the film had an average opening for the first shows with an occupancy rate of 20--25%. It went on to earn on its first day in India, becoming the fifth highest opener of the year. The film had fair growth on Saturday, earning . On Sunday, collections were affected by the IPL final and polling for the 2019 Indian general election, and the film\\'s earning came down to . By next Friday, the film had a 60 percent drop as collections reached . Following a drop in collections in the second week, the film stopped screening at most theatres. It has earned worldwide, with from India and () overseas.\n\n### Critical response\n*Student of the Year 2* released to generally negative reviews from critics. It holds a rating of on Rotten Tomatoes. Criticism was primarily directed to the script and unreal setting of the film.\nWriting for *Firstpost*, Anna M. M. Vetticad gave the film one and a half stars out of five: \\\"Clich\u00e9 is piled on clich\u00e9 in this unoriginal screenplay\\\". Rajeev Masand of News18 gave it two stars out of five and said, \\\"*Student of the Year 2* is both predictable, and far from original\\... It isn\\'t unwatchable, it\\'s just unnecessary.\\\"","parent_id":"5b730dfaaebdacfd00ae","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5b730dfaaebdacfd00ae:7","document_content":"# Student of the Year 2\n### Critical response\nSaibal Chatterjee of NDTV gave it one and a half stars out of five and called the film \\\"an egregiously escapist campus-rumpus musical in which nattily attired, unbelievably idle boys and skimpily clad girls\\... play games that make as much sense as a camel race on an airport tarmac\\\", adding, \\\"There isn\\'t a single moment in the film that could be described as passable\\\". Shubhra Gupta of *The Indian Express* gave one and a half stars out of five and expressed, \\\"This class of 2019 has predictable beats, which is to be expected in an underdog story, but that it is so stilted is disappointing: from KJo Karan Johar I expect much more swish and sparkle\\\". She felt Shroff \\\"executes his dances-and-fights efficiently, even though he struggles to appear student-like\\\".\nTaran Adarsh of Bollywood Hungama praised the screenplay for being \\\"praiseworthy as its peppered with some entertaining, dramatic and even moving moments\\\". He wrote, \\\"On the whole, *Student of the Year 2* is an entertaining and an enjoyable fare which will strike a chord in the audience\\'s hearts\\\". Ronak Kotecha of *The Times of India* gave the film three stars out of five, writing that it \\\"doesn\\'t have that Ishq wala love, but there is ample dosti, high school drama and cool stuff to keep you going\\\".\nMeena Iyer of *Daily News and Analysis* gave it three stars out of five, writing, \\\"This is the kind of film, which draws inspiration from the Archie comics with Tiger being Archie, flanked by a Veronica (Ananya) and Betty (Tara)\\\". She concludes, \\\"Apart from Will Smith\\'s miss-if-you-blink appearance, watch the film for Tiger. Even when things around him are caving in, his ballerina grace is intact\\\".\n\n### Accolades\n`Award\u00a0Ceremony`\n`Category`\n`Recipient`\n`Result`\n`Ref.(s)`\n`65th\u00a0Filmfare\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Female\u00a0Debut`\n`Ananya\u00a0Panday`\n`Tara\u00a0Sutaria`\n`21st\u00a0IIFA\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Female\u00a0Debut`","parent_id":"5b730dfaaebdacfd00ae","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5b730dfaaebdacfd00ae:8","document_content":"# Student of the Year 2\n### Accolades\n`Ananya\u00a0Panday`\n`Zee\u00a0Cine\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Female\u00a0Debut`\n`Ananya\u00a0Panday`\n`Tara\u00a0Sutaria`\n`26th\u00a0Screen\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Female\u00a0Debut`\n`Ananya\u00a0Panday`\n`Tara\u00a0Sutaria`\n`Nickelodeon\u00a0Kids'\u00a0Choice\u00a0Awards\u00a0India`\n`Favorite\u00a0Movie\u00a0Actor`\n`Tiger\u00a0Shroff`\n`12th\u00a0Mirchi\u00a0Music\u00a0Awards`\n`Recreated\u00a0Song\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0Year`\n`Payal\u00a0Dev,\u00a0Vishal\u00a0Dadlani\u00a0and\u00a0Anvita\u00a0Dutt\u00a0Guptan`\n(\\\"The Jawani Song\\\")","parent_id":"5b730dfaaebdacfd00ae","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5ce39d21f82ca6398c37:0","document_content":"# Legend of the Ancient Sword\n***Legend of the Ancient Sword*** () is a Chinese fantasy-adventure-action film directed by Renny Harlin and based on the video game *Gu Jian Qi Tan 2*. The film was released worldwide on October 1, 2018.\nDue to a fateful occurrence, Yue Wuyi leaves home. He meets revered master Xie Yi, who imparts to him the magical arts of Yan, and thus begins his journey of cultivation. Along the way he meets Wen Renyu, Xia Yize, Ah Ruan and company. They discover the schemes and conspiracies of Shen Ye, the grand priest of Liu Yue City. The group of adventurers undergoes dangers to defeat Shen Ye, and prevent a disaster from befalling the world.\n- Leehom Wang as Yue Wuyi\n  - Wu Jiacheng as young Yue Wuyi\n- Victoria Song as Wen Renyu\n- Godfrey Gao as Xia Yize\n- Karena Ng as Ah Ruan\n- Archie Kao as Xie Yi\n- Julian Cheung as Chen Ye\n- Ada Liu as Cang Ming\n- Li Yan as Nu Nu\nPrincipal photography began in December 2016 and wrapped up in March 2017.\nThe film was a box office disaster during China\\'s golden week of cinema. It attracted widespread derision online and only grossed US\\$1.25m despite a government mandate to screen the film nationwide.","parent_id":"5ce39d21f82ca6398c37","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c881f4bc616557aa4dc4:0","document_content":"# 1918 (1985 film)\n***1918*** (also known as ***Horton Foote\\'s 1918***) is a 1985 American drama film directed by Ken Harrison and starring William Converse-Roberts, Hallie Foote, and Matthew Broderick. It is based on the play *1918* by Horton Foote, who also wrote the screenplay for the film. It was followed by *On Valentine\\'s Day*.\nIt\\'s 1918, the height of United States involvement in World War I: Liberty Bonds are sold, German immigrants are suspected as traitors or saboteurs, young men everywhere succumb to the patriotism and propaganda, and enlist. In a small Texas town, Horace Robedaux feels the pressure. He does not want to leave his young wife Elizabeth and their young child Jenny, but Elizabeth\\'s can\\'t-do-anything-right little brother constantly talks about the war. Elizabeth\\'s stern father, who opposed the marriage initially, now has plans to take care of his daughter and the child so Horace can fight for his country, but the Spanish flu influenza epidemic sweeping the town (and the U.S.) may change everyone\\'s plans.\n- William Converse-Roberts as Horace Robedaux\n- Hallie Foote as Elizabeth Robedaux\n- Rochelle Oliver as Mrs.\u00a0Mary Vaughn\n- Michael Higgins as Mr.\u00a0Vaughn\n- Matthew Broderick as Brother Vaughn\n- Jeanne McCarthy as Bessie Stillman\n- Bill McGhee as Sam the Cemetery Worker\n- L.T. Felty as Mr.\u00a0Thatcher\n- Horton Foote Jr.\u00a0as Jessie\n- Tom Murrel as Stanley","parent_id":"c881f4bc616557aa4dc4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7803ae91af2d74f1fad3:0","document_content":"# MSG: The Warrior Lion Heart\n***MSG The Warrior Lion Heart*** is a 2016 Indian science fantasy adventure film co-directed by criminal religious leader Gurmeet Ram Rahim Singh and his daughter Honeypreet Insan. The film starring Singh, one of the directors himself, is a story of a medieval warrior fighting against aliens for the honour of his land.\nThe film premiered on 6 October 2016 in Delhi and was released on 7 October 2016 in Hindi, with dubs in Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam and English. Singh is credited with work in thirty film departments, including choreography, editing, make-up and hair design, background scoring, and prop design. The film has been criticised as a propaganda film by several critics.\nThe story is about a medieval warrior who fights for the honor of his land and the dignity of the womenfolk. The story travels centuries apart as he emerges in another role as a modern Indian equivalent of James Bond, a stylish top secret agent. The marauding aliens run amok, as they are hundreds of years ahead in technology. Lionheart is their only stumbling block in their march to overpower planet Earth.\n- Gurmeet Ram Rahim Singh\n- Honeypreet Insan\n- Charanpreet\n- Kainaat\n- Garima\n- Rajesh\n- Sukhottam\n- Ashok\n- Bhushan\n- RZA\nA number of world and regional records were organised by sect leader Ram Rahim to promote the film. According to *Guinness World Records*, MSG fans assembled the world\\'s largest poster on 15 September 2016, which covered and featured an advertisement for *MSG: The Warrior Lion Heart*. The largest display of oil lamps consists of 150,009 lamps achieved at an event organised Singh to promote film among 36 Lakh fans. The film\\'s second song \\\"Sohna Mera Mishri Di Daliye\\\" was unveiled in an event attended by around 40 lakh people.\nThe movie premiered on 6 October in Delhi and was released on 7 October in Hindi, along with dubbed versions in Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam and English. The film was declared tax-free by Government of Rajasthan in the state.","parent_id":"7803ae91af2d74f1fad3","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7803ae91af2d74f1fad3:1","document_content":"# MSG: The Warrior Lion Heart\n### Critical reception\nDevarsi Ghosh of *India Today* wrote \\\"MSG The Warrior Lion Heart is not a film. Like the previous MSG (Messenger of God) films, this too is a propaganda piece made by the subject of the said propaganda, Gurmeet Ram Rahim Singh himself\\\". Mihir Bhanage of *The Times of India* gave it 1.5 stars out of 5, describing the film as indicative of Singh\\'s self-obsession. Bhanage wrote, \\\"It takes guts to roll out such preachy and glorified films, but the saga continues with a devil-may-care attitude.\\\"\nAnshu Lal of *Firstpost* described the film as \\\"horrible\\\". Specific criticism was centered on problems in storytelling, such as the use of pop-up video. Lal wrote, \\\"Because without that pop-up, how would the poor audience comprehend the concept of background narration, right?\\\" Lal also criticised the plot, the acting, and the cartoonish nature of the film. Namrata Thakker of *Rediff.com* gave it half star out of 5, and wrote that it is only for die-hard fans of Singh\\'s. Aakash Karkare of *Scroll.in* wrote that movie is every bit as terrible as you expect it to be.\n\n### Box office\nAccording to *The Times of India* the film collected approximately 32 million in its first weekend with an estimated total of 46 million after five days. *Box Office India* tallied the worldwide gross at approximately 176.7 million. According to *Bollywood Hungama* the film collected approximately 1.13 million in just one week. International Business Times stated that movie had a gross of 1.50 million.\nThe music is composed by Gurmeet Ram Rahim Singh. The soundtrack album consists of 2 songs, all written and sung by Singh, himself.\n\n### Track listing\n`No.\u00a0`\n`Title\u00a0`\n`Lyrics\u00a0`\n`Singer(s)\u00a0`\n`Length`\n`1\u00a0`\n`Dhol\u00a0Baaje\u00a0`\n`Gurmeet\u00a0Ram\u00a0Rahim\u00a0Singh`\n`Gurmeet\u00a0Ram\u00a0Rahim\u00a0Singh\u00a0`\n`3:31`\n2\nSohna Mera Mishri Di Daliye\nGurmeet Ram Rahim Singh\nGurmeet Ram Rahim Singh\n3:48","parent_id":"7803ae91af2d74f1fad3","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2461bba35ab7d9755f47:0","document_content":"# Armor Hero Captor King\n***Armor Hero Captor King**\\'\\', also known as***Armor Hero Buwang**\\'\\', is a 2016 Korean-Chinese action fantasy adventure film directed by Zheng Guowei. It was released in China on October 2, 2016.\n- L\u1ea1i Ngh\u1ec7\n- Wang Changchang\n- Qu Haojun\n- Yu Xiaoling\n- Dai Xinlong\n- Liu Lijia\n- Jia Ru\n- Zhang Ziye\n- Wang Yongfeng\n- Wang Pengxuan\nThe film grossed at the Chinese box office.","parent_id":"2461bba35ab7d9755f47","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"54187c2a4dff1e52c81c:0","document_content":"# Furious (2017 film)\n***Furious**\\'\\', also known as***Legend of Kolovrat**\\'\\' (, ), is a 2017 Russian epic period action film. The film is directed by Dzhanik Fayziev and stars newcomer Ilya Malakov, as well as Polina Chernyshova, Aleksei Serebryakov, Aleksandr Ilyin Jr.\u00a0and Yulia Khlynina in supporting roles.\nThe plot is based on *The Tale of the Destruction of Ryazan*, a legend about the Siege of Ryazan by the Mongols in 1237, centered around the medieval knight Evpaty Kolovrat\n*Furious* was theatrically released in Russia by Central Partnership on November 30, 2017.\nThe story is based on the legend of bogatyr Evpaty Kolovrat, as recorded in the 16th-century *Tale of the Destruction of Ryazan*.\nIn the prologue, a young Evpaty is overpowered by a band of Mongols in the aftermath of the Battle of the Kalka River (1223) and left for dead. He is given his nickname of *Kolovrat* (\\\"spinning wheel\\\") by Nastya, his later wife, for his dual wielding of two swords in a circular motion.\nIn the present day, in 1236, Evpaty is a knight in the service of prince Yuri of Ryazan. The Mongol army, led by the grandson of Genghis Khan, Batu Khan, once again approaches Ryazan in 1237.\nWarned of their approach, Prince Fedor leads a party of envoys, including Evpaty, to negotiate with the Khan. Recognizing Evpaty\\'s boldness, the Khan gives him a talisman that allows its bearer safe conduct through the Mongol lines. Unfortunately, the Mongols turn on their visitors and Fedor is killed, but Evpaty and several soldiers manage to escape. When they return to Ryazan, the city has already been destroyed by the horde.\nEvpaty gathers a detachment and leads it to delay the Mongol army, hoping that the neighboring Russian princes will be able to send support, but no help is forthcoming. He also details one of his soldiers, Karkun, to escort the women and children who survived the destruction for the city, to safety.","parent_id":"54187c2a4dff1e52c81c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"54187c2a4dff1e52c81c:1","document_content":"# Furious (2017 film)\nIn a last stand, Evpaty and his comrades are defending a fortified hilltop. He manages to kill the Mongol commander Khostovrul, but all the defenders are ultimately killed. Mortally wounded, Evpaty looks down from the hill and sees a sail on the river, showing that their actions delayed the Mongols long enough for Karkun and his charges to escape. Evpaty stumbles to the bottom of the hill and mockingly returns the talisman to the Khan, saying he no longer has need of it, before dying. Batu Khan, impressed by the heroic defense, orders his men to give Evpaty a hero\\'s burial.\nAn epilogue set in 1242 shows Karkun at the head of the united Novgorod-Vladimir army, exhorting his men to remember Evpaty\\'s noble sacrifice, as they prepare to charge the Teutonic Knights in what will become the Battle on the Ice.\n\n### Development\nSiege of Ryazan is the \\\"Defense of Ryazan\\\". From a painting by Deshalyta.\nStaraya Ryazan fortifications. View from the Oka River. (ru)\nFrom the very beginning of the production, the producers decided not to build an entire photographic site of the 13th century buildings, but to create them using computer effects. This project is the first feature film directed by Ivan Shurhovetskiy.\nAccording to Dzhanik Fayziev, the creators of the film tried to focus not on historical details, but on the feelings and experiences of people who make an ordinary person a hero capable of performing a feat.\n\\\"We made an impassioned, energetic, and action-packed film -- an incredibly tender, awe-inspiring tale of indomitable courage\\\", said Dzhanik Fayziev, general producer at Russia's Film Studio KIT. Dzhanik Fayziev said the film blends history with the present day and fantasy with realism to tell an emotional story of simple folk who become true heroes when burdened with unanticipated circumstances.\n\n### Casting\nA total of more than 500 episodic artists participated in the mass scenes. Ilya Malakov, who played Evpaty Kolovrat, first starred in the main role in a feature film.","parent_id":"54187c2a4dff1e52c81c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"54187c2a4dff1e52c81c:2","document_content":"# Furious (2017 film)\n### Filming\nThe filmmakers decided to abandon the reconstruction of historical events of the thirteenth century and chose to create a fairy-tale world with good and bad characters.\nPrincipal photography for the film was shot in Moscow, in a specially constructed pavilion at the ZiL plant, where the largest chromakey pavilions in Europe were erected, the total area of which was more than 4,000 square meters. In the neighboring pavilions, a hall for training actors and stuntmen was equipped, as well as a riding arena and a stable.\nMongol warriors completely destroyed Ryazan, in its place is now the village of Staraya Ryazan ( Old Ryazan), Spassky District, Ryazan Oblast, Russia. That city, which we call Ryazan today, until 1778 was called Pereyaslavl Ryazan.\n\n### Post-production\nThe visual effects of the film studio created in the Main Road Post, which created special effects for films \\\"The Duelist\\\", \\\"Prizrak\\\", \\\"Stalingrad\\\". According to Pavel Stepanov, director of the Central Partnership film manufacturing company, the visual effects were deliberately fabulous to emphasize that the events of the film are a legend.\nThe author of the film soundtrack is world-famous American composer and musician is Serj Tankian, leader of the cult band System of a Down. This is his first experience in Russian cinema.\nAs part of the soundtrack recording, Serj Tankian collaborated with folk instrument performers (balalaika, zhaleika, treshchotka, domra, etc.), throat singing masters from Tuva, a symphony orchestra and choir. The recordings included electric guitars and electronic instruments, but there is not a single note played on the piano in the soundtrack. Serj played personally on many instruments.\nThe Russian cinematographic agency Roskino revealed the names that he will show this year at the Cannes Film Festival in May 2017, including first looks at Central Partnership's historical epic film *Furious* and war film *T-34* (2019).\n*Furious* was scheduled for release in the Russian Federation on November 30, 2017 by Central Partnership. The television premiere of the film took place on May 7, 2018 on the Russia-1 television channel.","parent_id":"54187c2a4dff1e52c81c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"54187c2a4dff1e52c81c:3","document_content":"# Furious (2017 film)\n### Marketing\nIn November 2017, The President was shown some of the props used in the making of the film: a sword, a shield, and costume elements -- all hand-made.\nMinister of Culture Vladimir Medinsky, film director Dzhanik Fayziev, lead actor Ilya Malakov and lead actress Polina Chernyshova also attended the screening.\nPresident Vladimir Putin, and watch Dzhanik Fayziev\\'s historical fantasy film *Furious* (also known as *Legend of Kolovrat*) at the Moscow Kremlin.\nThe title song for the soundtrack, the dramatic composition \\\"A fine morning \\\", was recorded by Serj Tankian with the lead singer of the IOWA band Ekaterina Ivanchikova. The music was written by Serj, and the film\\'s screenwriters Yevgeny and Dmitry Raevsky, as well as Ekaterina IOWA, worked with him to create the words. Serj recorded the arrangement and his part at a studio in Los Angeles, and Ekaterina wrote her vocals in Saint Petersburg. ( Serj Tankian & IOWA on YouTube)\nWell Go USA has acquired North American rights to the Russian historical action epic *Furious*, which is being sold in Berlin by Central Partnership, French-speaking countries (Acteurs Auteurs Associes) and Spain (Mediaset).\nIn April 2018, TGV Cinemas was licensed to screen the movie in its Malaysian cinemas. Same Year on 17 August, It Distributed by CJ CGV In Vietnam Nationwide Cinemas, also Released in Taiwan (Via GaragePlay on 11 May), Japan & South Korea. However, Released in Singapore, Indonesia will be stay tuned.\nThe film was made with a budget of 360 million rubles and was very successful at the box office, with only 30 million rubles on its day of screening and 261 million on its first weekend. The film\\'s total revenue is estimated at 606 million rubles.\n- *Viking* (film), a 2016 Russian historical film","parent_id":"54187c2a4dff1e52c81c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"358f0182074e8b87fd89:0","document_content":"# Kobbari Matta\n***Kobbari Matta*** () is a 2019 Indian Telugu-language parody film film directed by Rupak Ronaldson and written by Steven Shankar. It stars Sampoornesh Babu portraying roles of three generations- Paparayudu, Pedarayudu, and Androyudu.\nThe film was released theatrically on 10 August 2019.\n- Sampoornesh Babu in a triple role as Paparayudu, Pedarayudu, and Androidu (And+Rayudu=Androidu)\n- Ishika Singh as Janaki\n- Shakeela as Pandu\n- Mahesh Kathi as Kamudu\n- Gayathri Gupta\nHemanth Kumar of *Firstpost* rated the film 3\/5 and stated: \\\"*Kobbari Matta* is not only consistently absurd and over the top, but also, it's an excuse to laugh at ourselves and the cliches prevalent in Telugu cinema.\\\" On performances, *The Hindu* Y. Sunitha Chowdhary opined: \\\"Sampoornesh gets enough dances to show his talent and it is evident he has worked hard to shed his potbelly. Mahesh Katti shines as Kaamudu.\\\" A reviewer from *Cinema Express* also rated the film 3\/5 and wrote, \\\"This isn't a film that takes itself too seriously but is meant to be ridiculous and some more.\\\"","parent_id":"358f0182074e8b87fd89","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fb22d3e1266ce28da0a8:0","document_content":"# Alamara\n***Alamara*** is a 2017 Indian Malayalam-language comedy film directed by Midhun Manuel Thomas and written by John Manthrickal. The film stars Sunny Wayne, Aditi Ravi, Aju Varghese, Saiju Kurup, Ranji Panicker and Sonu Anna Jacob in main roles. The film has two songs composed by Sooraj S. Kurup, written by Manu Manjith and sung by Vijay Yesudas and Anju Joseph.\nThe story is narrated by the titular wardrobe and explains how it became a metaphor for the issues caused by parents\\' interference in the life of a newly married couple. Arun is unable to find a girl to marry due to issues in his horoscope. After his betrothed elopes with her lover, he decides to take a break from the arranged marriage scene and concentrates on his work in Bangalore. His sister requests him to find an accommodation for her friend, Swati, as she is transferred to Bangalore. However, upon meeting her, he is smitten and asks her hand in marriage which she accepts. Meanwhile, a gang of goons loyal to Shetty demands that Arun sell his plot of land to them.\nThough his parents are not happy with Swati\\'s proposal, he convinces them to meet her parents to fix the wedding. However, they put forth a condition that Arun\\'s sister\\'s wedding should also happen along with his but she refuses to get married until she gets a bank job. As the fixed date approaches, tensions between the families rise as there is a lack of enthusiasm from Arun\\'s family\\'s side. During a heated argument, Arun\\'s mother calls off the wedding. However, due to Arun\\'s and Swati\\'s persistence, they marry while the families hide their displeasure.","parent_id":"fb22d3e1266ce28da0a8","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fb22d3e1266ce28da0a8:1","document_content":"# Alamara\nSwati\\'s family gifts the new couple a wooden wardrobe as per the tradition and Arun\\'s mother starts to complain that it is taking up too much space. After moving to Bangalore, Swati nags at Arun to bring the wardrobe to their new house and he reluctantly agrees. Both the families begin to interfere in their lives which lead to petty problems and issues between them. Arun\\'s lawyer requests him to submit the documents related to the disputed plot of land but he realises that it is in the wardrobe which is locked by Swati who is in Mumbai for training. Without any other option, he and friends contact a thief to break the wardrobe\\'s lock and retrieve it. After they are submitted at the police station, the police officer sides with Shetty and argues that the documents are fake. Shetty and his gang encroach the plot but is assaulted and scared off by Arun and friends, with the help of some goons arranged by his uncle.\nWhen Swati returns, she notices that the wardrobe lock is broken and her necklace is stolen. She confronts Arun which leads to a huge fight between them. In addition, Shetty threatens to kill them if he doesn\\'t let go of the plot and leave Bangalore which scares Swati. Swati leaves him and moves back to Kerala. They attend a marriage counselling session which doesn\\'t become successful as their parents don\\'t co-operate. As a result, they get divorced.\nSome time later, they both see other potential partners. Afraid of committing to another woman and meeting the same fate as before, he decides to reconcile with Swati. They restart their married life with their parents\\' approval but by keeping them at a distance.","parent_id":"fb22d3e1266ce28da0a8","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fb22d3e1266ce28da0a8:2","document_content":"# Alamara\n- Sunny Wayne as Arun Pavithran\n- Aditi Ravi as Swati\n- Aju Varghese as Suvin\n- Saiju Kurup as Prasad\n- Sudhi Koppa as Justin\n- Manikandan R. Achari as Sugunan aka Supran\n- Indrans as Sriram Shetty\n- Ranji Panicker as Pavithran\n- Sadiq as Pankajakshan\n- Manju Satheesh as Lalitha\n- Seema G. Nair as Sukumari\n- Vijilesh Karayad as Photographer\n- Sonu Anna Jacob as Divya\n- Bijukuttan as burglar\n- Kunchan as Vasu\n- Preetha Pradeep as Prasad\\'s wife\n- Saleem Kumar (voice only) as the soul of the wooden wardrobe (Alamara)\n- Lishoy","parent_id":"fb22d3e1266ce28da0a8","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1319980acdd37a2921ff:0","document_content":"# Satoshi: A Move for Tomorrow\n`is\u00a0a\u00a0Japanese\u00a0drama\u00a0film\u00a0directed\u00a0by\u00a0Yoshitaka\u00a0Mori,\u00a0starring\u00a0Kenichi\u00a0Matsuyama\u00a0and\u00a0based\u00a0on\u00a0the\u00a0novel\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0same\u00a0name\u00a0by\u00a0Yoshio\u00a0\u014csaki.\u00a0By\u00a0the\u00a0first\u00a0screenings,\u00a0the\u00a0film\u00a0had\u00a0earned\u00a0\u00a572\u00a0million\u00a0(US$0.662\u00a0million).`\nThe film portrays the life of Satoshi Murayama (1969-1998), who was a professional shogi player.\n- Kenichi Matsuyama as Satoshi Murayama\n- Masahiro Higashide as Yoshiharu Habu, Satoshi\\'s rival and one of the greatest shogi players of all time.\n- Lily Franky as Nobuo Mori, Satoshi\\'s master\n- Keiko Takeshita as Tomiko Murayama, Satoshi\\'s mother\n- Sh\u014dta Sometani as Mitsugu Egawa\n- Ken Yasuda as Seiichiro Tachibana (based on Seiichiro Taki)\n- Tokio Emoto as Manabu Arazaki (based on Manabu Senzaki)\n- Toshiyuki Kitami as Shinichi Murayama, Satoshi\\'s father\n- Shingo Tsurumi as a doctor\n- Michitaka Tsutsui as Y\u014dji Hashiguchi (based on Yoshio \u014csaki)\nAward ceremony\nCategory\nRecipients\nResult\n`59th\u00a0Blue\u00a0Ribbon\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Actor`\n`Kenichi\u00a0Matsuyama`\n`Best\u00a0Supporting\u00a0Actor`\n`Lily\u00a0Franky`\n`41st\u00a0Hochi\u00a0Film\u00a0Award`\n`Best\u00a0Actor`\n`Kenichi\u00a0Matsuyama`\n`Best\u00a0Supporting\u00a0Actor`\n`Masahiro\u00a0Higashide`\n`Best\u00a0Supporting\u00a0Actor`\n`Lily\u00a0Franky`\n`31st\u00a0Takasaki\u00a0Film\u00a0Festival`\n`Best\u00a0Director`\n`Yoshitaka\u00a0Mori`\n`71st\u00a0Mainichi\u00a0Film\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Actor`\n`Kenichi\u00a0Matsuyama`\n`Best\u00a0Supporting\u00a0Actor`\n`Masahiro\u00a0Higashide`\n`Best\u00a0Screenplay`\n`K\u014dsuke\u00a0Mukai`\n`Best\u00a0Sound\u00a0Recording`\n`Mitsugu\u00a0Shiratori`\n12th Osaka Cinema Festival\n`Best\u00a0Actor`\n`Kenichi\u00a0Matsuyama`\n`Best\u00a0Supporting\u00a0Actor`\n`Masahiro\u00a0Higashide`\n40th Japan Academy Prize\n`Best\u00a0Actor`\n`Kenichi\u00a0Matsuyama`\n`Best\u00a0Supporting\u00a0Actor`\n`Masahiro\u00a0Higashide`\n`26th\u00a0Japanese\u00a0Movie\u00a0Critics\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Supporting\u00a0Actor`\n`Masahiro\u00a0Higashide`","parent_id":"1319980acdd37a2921ff","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"914915f53dc7d5cdc1fc:0","document_content":"# Snakes and Ladders (1980 film)\n***Zig-Zag***, ***Snakes and Ladders**\\'\\'**(a didactic fiction about cartography)**, and also known in French as***Le jeu de l\\'oie (Une fiction didactique \u00e0 propos de la cartographie)**\\'\\', is a French short film made in 1980. It was written and directed by Chilean filmmaker Ra\u00fal Ruiz and produced by France 2 to promote a new map exhibition at the Pompidou Centre in Paris and was shot in Europe for French television. The film was eventually distributed throughout France and in Spain. It stars Pascal Bonitzer and Jean-Loup Rivi\u00e8re.\nIn the film, Pascal Bonitzer plays a man named \\\"H\\\" who has just awoken in his car in the countryside with no idea of what has happened. Unable to start the car, he decides to look for help and finds two men playing the board game \\\"Snakes and Ladders\\\" and eventually becomes immersed in the game, which becomes (sur)real. He follows the rules and is guided throughout it by a partner who appears from nowhere, played by Jean-Loup Rivi\u00e8re. As he attempts to win the game, H realizes that the scale of the cartography of the board game is ever expanding. Whilst seeking to escape from his didactic nightmare of a real life dream, he travels across Paris, through France and Europe, around the Earth, and eventually to the cosmos.","parent_id":"914915f53dc7d5cdc1fc","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"914915f53dc7d5cdc1fc:1","document_content":"# Snakes and Ladders (1980 film)\nThe short film was premiered on September 17, 1980 on French television and was distributed by Gemini Video Editions. Later the film was distributed in Spain for viewers on February 7, 1997. Originally shown in French, it was later subtitled in Spanish, English, and many other languages.\n\\\"H\\\" (Pascal Bonitzer) wakes up in his car, uninjured and with no signs of an accident. It won't start, so he walks away. He tells two men playing a board game in a field that his car has broken down and he is late for an appointment; they offer no help. H asks how long they have been playing and the nearest man (Jean-Loup Rivi\u00e8re) replies they have been playing a very long time. Asked if they should roll the dice, the man looks to the sky, carefully arranges the dice, counts the spaces on the board, and tells the other player \\\"You have one hour\\\". The male narrator says, \\\"H realizes he is a victim of a nightmare\\\", as H looks up and sees a hand rolling dice in the sky. The first man tells H where to go, the narrator saying, \\\"H realizes he is the victim of the worst type of nightmare, a didactic nightmare\\\".\nAs H and the second man move in accordance with rolls of the dice, a female narrator describes the game\\'s rules. In Paris, a voice calls H from a warehouse; it is the first man he met. H, feeling that he is being played with, approaches the man who tells him he risks being late. Saying he wants to stop, H points to the board game\\'s final square, but the man says someone is waiting for him at another tile; H hurries to his next destination. After he leaves the man reveals several versions of the game\\'s board H is ignorant of.\nAnother player in the game (also Jean-Loup Rivi\u00e8re) advises H to always take unseen routes. The female narrator discusses how to resolve a labyrinth; a map enlarges one\\'s field of vision to destroy a maze. As H travels, he meets a blind player who follows a sound map; the female narrator says such maps show travellers are going in the correct direction when the route follows a complete melody.","parent_id":"914915f53dc7d5cdc1fc","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"914915f53dc7d5cdc1fc:2","document_content":"# Snakes and Ladders (1980 film)\nEntering a church after the first man he met calls him from the roof, H realizes the church is also part of the game. Told that the board game\\'s scale has moved from a district of Paris to the whole city, H is nauseous with vertigo and vomits two dice. Asked to vomit again so the man can have a turn, H says his ears hurt; the dice are in H\\'s ears and he and the man hurry along.\nCalled from a car outside the church, H climbs in and realizes it\\'s part of the game. The female narrator describes three hypotheses: the map is old and the city has changed, making it inaccurate; the map is a developmental model of the city, which the city doesn\\'t yet resemble; or the city has been destroyed and rebuilt using many maps, a combination of the first two hypotheses. Saying they need a perfect map, she suggests that either they create one using street-by-street analysis, making the map 1:1, or they create a map of all possible routes stored on videodiscs for the army or tourists\/travellers. Meanwhile, H sees the first man in another car. H is told the scale has changed again and that he needs to go to the station. In the car\\'s rear view mirror he sees new dice numbers reflected in his driver\\'s sunglasses.\nOn a train, H talks to the second man he saw playing the game in the field and discovers that all of the passengers are playing the game. The man tells H he is \\\"the one who answers questions\\\". H asks him \\\"What is the connection between routes and maps?\\\" but falls asleep; in his dream, H has a new nightmare in which dice are rolled and he is ordered off the train.\nH and the first man he met are in an aeroplane flying over Europe, the game\\'s new scale, heading towards the Montfossis (fake mountains used by cartographers to converge two ranges on a map). H sleeps and dreams they are flying over maps in an exhibition and are travelling not in space, but in time. As they fly over multiple labyrinth maps the man says they are in the eye of the dice. A new dice rolls which changes the scale to encompass the whole planet Earth. H loses consciousness in the thin air the plane is flying in.","parent_id":"914915f53dc7d5cdc1fc","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"914915f53dc7d5cdc1fc:3","document_content":"# Snakes and Ladders (1980 film)\nWaking up sitting on a giant hand, H sees the dice and rolls them, but the hand closes in on him. As it opens, H realizes he is both the dice in the game he is in and also the player rolling them. H disappears leaving only the dice behind. The scale changes to that of the universe. As they travel the cosmos, a man tells him that they are not dead, but the Earth is because there is no more time and therefore no space. Observing the universe and the Earth, H realizes he is waking up but doesn\\'t know which dream he will wake in. Finally, H is back again in the field where he first found the men playing the game.\n- Pascal Bonitzer as \\\"H\\\" - Actor\n- Jean-Loup Rivi\u00e8re as \\\"The One Who Answers Questions\\\" - Actor\n- Serge Brodsky - Second Unit Director or Assistant Director\n- Janine Knuth - Artistic Collaborator\n- Jean Hertz - Sound Mixer\n- Roger Vieyra - Sound Crew","parent_id":"914915f53dc7d5cdc1fc","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"914915f53dc7d5cdc1fc:4","document_content":"# Snakes and Ladders (1980 film)\n### Interpretations and analysis\nThe film was said to be considered as an \\\"allegory that condenses and emblematizes not only themes from Ruiz\\'s work as a whole, but also key dimensions of his filmmaking practice\\\" (Goddard 2). *Zig-Zag* shows the form of filmography that really describes Ruiz\\'s style, as the film presents this idea how a film can be a type of impossible cartography that is always changing and never secured. The film presents Ruiz\\'s style when it plays with the ability to critique representation within film as the character H takes us through many representations of territory and representations of territories through maps as Ruiz uses cinema, dreams, and cartographic explorations (Goddard 4). Representation to Ruiz is a means to expose the invisbile and to put forward to an audience things which cannot be seen \\\"using the capacity of images\\\", because\\\" they are too abstract or their nature is divine\\\" so that they may be understood truthfully to reveal or render evident\/certain realities which cannot be shown\\\" (Ruiz 36). When the film uses these images of maps as representations of territories, Ruiz is able to challenge the logic of cartographers and how their representation may not be fully true, as cities may always undergo change and cities may be destroyed, or even both. In the film, it presents this paradox between territory and the image of territory showing us how territories and their maps are concrete yet abstract at the same time since a territory is physical and an image of the territory (map) is abstract or created, revealing the uncertainty of representation.\nNone year to date: March 1, 2017\n1.  Goddard, Michael. \\\" Impossible Cartographies: The Cinema of Ra\u00fal Ruiz\\\". London: Wallflower, 2013. Print.\n2.  Ruiz, Rau\u0081l. Poetics of Cinema. Paris: Editions Dis Voir, 1995. Print.\n3.  Ruiz, Rau\u0081l, and Bruno Cuneo. Ruiz: Entrevistas Escogidas, Filmografi\u00cc\u0081a Comentada. Santiago (Chile): Ediciones Universidad Diego Portales, 2013. Print.","parent_id":"914915f53dc7d5cdc1fc","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"43f819c753a27541af61:0","document_content":"# Bhaskar Oru Rascal\n***Bhaskar Oru Rascal*** () is a 2018 Indian Tamil-language action comedy film written and directed by Siddique. A remake of his own Malayalam film *Bhaskar the Rascal* (2015), the film features Arvind Swamy, Amala Paul, Master Raghavan, and Baby Nainika in the lead roles, while Nikesha Patel, Aftab Shivdasani, Soori, and Nassar play supporting roles. The team began production in February 2017. This movie marks Bollywood actor Aftab Shivdasani\\'s Tamil debut.\nBhaskar is a business tycoon and single parent. His father M. A. M. Rangasamy is a retired businessman, and Bhaskar has taken over his textile and real estate businesses. Bhaskar deals with all the complicated and critical situations in his business with rowdyism and is crude and crass. This behavior earns him the name \\\"Rascal\\\". He is a widower and has a son named Aakash. Aakash and Shivani study in the same school. Shivani\\'s mother Anu is also a single parent. She meets Bhaskar at the school, and they get involved in a small altercation. Shivani admires Bhaskar for his authoritative stance and treats him like a father figure for his heroism.","parent_id":"43f819c753a27541af61","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"43f819c753a27541af61:1","document_content":"# Bhaskar Oru Rascal\nOne day, Bhaskar goes with Aakash for a felicitation ceremony, where actress Kalyani is the chief guest. Kalyani gives an interview stating that she is in love with a businessman who is a single parent. Bhaskar reaches the venue at the same time. This creates a confusion among the press and media, and they mistake Bhaskar to be Kalyani\\'s love interest. The reporters bombard him with questions about Kalyani. Bhaskar misinterprets their questions and thinks that they are asking about his favorite beer \\\"Kalyani\\\", and his statements go viral. Kalyani\\'s real love interest happens to see this news and separates from her. Bhaskar tries to set things right by meeting Kalyani\\'s love interest and settling the misunderstanding, but the latter insults Bhaskar. Things take a different course when the person denies Bhaskar an audience and insults him. This leads to Bhaskar thrashing the guy in his office which is also covered by the press.\nAll these events place Bhaskar in the spotlight for the wrong reasons. Anu does not have a good impression about him but takes a liking to Aakash\\'s mild-mannered nature. In school, Aakash is mocked by his classmates because of his father\\'s recent fiasco. Shivani tries to help Aakash, but one of the boys twists her hand. She attacks the boy in self-defense. The boy\\'s mother makes an issue of it, but thanks to Bhaskar\\'s timely intervention, the matter is sorted out. Bhaskar encourages Shivani to be outspoken and aggressive, but Anu dislikes it. She argues with Bhaskar, takes Shivani home, and scolds her.\nAnu tells Shivani the story of how she lost her husband Sanjay long ago in Kolkata because of her aggressive behavior when a few thugs misbehaved towards her in the elevator. She humiliates the thugs for misbehaving with her, but Sanjay does nothing, irritating Anu. Once he drops her off, he drives back to the place and beats up the thugs. Anu follows and sees this and tries to stop Sanjay, but he gets shot by one of the thugs and dies. She states that she does not want the same fate for Shivani and herself.","parent_id":"43f819c753a27541af61","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"43f819c753a27541af61:2","document_content":"# Bhaskar Oru Rascal\nMeanwhile, Aakash and Shivani plan to get their parents married, so they plan to spend time with their \\\"new parents\\\" - Shivani with Bhaskar and Aakash with Anu. Bhaskar shows interest in Anu, but she remains indifferent and tries to avoid him, even though she tried to understand his good nature.\nOn Shivani\\'s birthday, a small party is organized. The only guests invited are Aakash and Bhaskar, but a third uninvited guest appears and introduces himself as Sanjay. It is here that Anu reveals that she still has an untold part of what happened to Sanjay on the day he was shot. He was sent to a nearby hospital, but the doctor plans to shift him to another hospital. Anu and her friend follow the ambulance but find that Sanjay was not admitted in the new hospital. He goes missing, and Anu discovers that Sanjay is an assassin and sharpshooter. He had been using her to gain access to a party and had killed her friend\\'s father, who is a scientist and had stolen a research hard disk containing locations of plutonium mines in the country. Anu is shocked because Sanjay not only used her but also seduced her in bed. They ended up having sex, resulting in her getting pregnant. Anu had moved away from Calcutta, gave birth to Shivani, and lived there since then.","parent_id":"43f819c753a27541af61","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"43f819c753a27541af61:3","document_content":"# Bhaskar Oru Rascal\nAnu accepts Rangasamy\\'s marriage proposal to Bhaskar in order to save herself and Shivani from Sanjay, but she fears putting Bhaskar and Aakash in danger as well and backs out in the last minute. She decides to move to Canada with Shivani permanently. Sanjay\\'s parents intervene and request Anu to go to Kolkata with them one last time to retrieve the hard disk that has been in Anu\\'s locker without her knowledge. They plead that their lives are in danger because of this. Anu goes to Kolkata with Sanjay to retrieve his hard disk along with Bhaskar and the kids. Suddenly, Sanjay\\'s father kidnaps Aakash and Shivani and demands the hard disk from Sanjay, indicating that he has his own plans to make use of it. A fight ensues, and Bhaskar and Anu try to save their kids from Sanjay and his father. Bhaskar ends up saving everyone, and Sanjay and his father are killed. Anu and Shivani cancel their trip to Canada and reunite with Bhaskar and Aakash. Bhaskar and Anu get married. Few months later, Anu gets pregnant with Bhaskar.\n- Arvind Swamy as Bhaskar\n- Amala Paul as Anu\n- Baby Nainika as Shivani, Anu\\'s daughter\n- Master Raghavan as Aakash, Bhaskar\\'s son\n- Nikesha Patel as Kalyani\n- Aftab Shivdasani as Sanjay, Anu\\'s husband\n- Soori as Rakkappa aka Rocky\n- Nassar as M. A. M. Rangasamy, Bhaskar's father\n- Siddique as Sanjay\\'s father\n- Jennifer Antony as Sanjay\\'s mother\n- Ramesh Khanna as Devadas\n- Robo Shankar as Arnold\n- Riyaz Khan as Riyas Ahmed IPS\n- Narayan Lucky as Siddharth\n- Chitra Lakshmanan as Registrar\n- T. M. Karthik as Parthasarathy from Triplicane\n- A. K. Sajan as Scientist Jaswant Malhotra\n- Orma Bose as Jaswant\\'s daughter","parent_id":"43f819c753a27541af61","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"43f819c753a27541af61:4","document_content":"# Bhaskar Oru Rascal\nThe success of Siddique\\'s Malayalam film, *Bhaskar the Rascal* (2015) prompted the makers to consider making a Tamil version, with Ajith Kumar linked to the lead role in late 2015. After the plans failed to materialise, Siddique began discussions with actor Rajinikanth in early 2016 to play the lead role, but the actor eventually chose not to do the film. In September 2016, Siddique finalised Arvind Swamy as the male lead and held unsuccessful discussions with Nayanthara and then Sonakshi Sinha to star opposite him. In early 2017, Siddique selected Amala Paul and Nainika to play the other lead roles in the film. For the role a young male actor, the makers initially approached Aarav, the son of actor Jayam Ravi, and then Aahil, the son of actor Srikanth, to star in the film. The pair\\'s refusal meant that Raghavan, who had previously appeared in *Sethupathi* (2016) and *Pa Paandi* (2017), was added to the cast. Siddique revealed that he planned to keep the essence of the original Malayalam film, but would incorporate more action scenes for the Tamil version. Comedy actors including Soori, Ramesh Khanna and Robo Shankar were also drafted in to work on the project. This is movie is the director\\'s fifth in Tamil after *Friends* (2001), *Engal Anna* (2004), *Sadhu Miranda* (2008) and *Kaavalan* (2011). The shoot of the film began in Kochi during early April 2017. Earlier the release was planned for October 2017, now the plan is to release in March 2018.\nSoundtrack was composed by Amresh Ganesh and lyrics were written by Pa. Vijay, Karunakaran, Viveka, and Madhan Karky. Soundtrack received positive reviews with a critic calling it \\\"decent work by Amresh\\\".\n`Song\u00a0Title\u00a0`\n`Singer(s)\u00a0`\n`Time`\n`\"Amma\u00a0I\u00a0Love\u00a0You\"\u00a0`\n`Shreya\u00a0Ghoshal,\u00a0Sreya\u00a0Jayadeep\u00a0`\n`4:46`\n`\"Bhaskar\u00a0Is\u00a0a\u00a0Rascal\"\u00a0`\n`Amresh\u00a0Ganesh\u00a0`\n`3:58`\n`\"Thookanangoodu\"\u00a0`\n`Krish,\u00a0Vandana\u00a0Srinivasan\u00a0`\n`4:08`","parent_id":"43f819c753a27541af61","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"43f819c753a27541af61:5","document_content":"# Bhaskar Oru Rascal\n`\"Ippodhu\u00a0Yen\"\u00a0`\n`Karthik\u00a0`\n`4:20`\n`\"Bhaskar\u00a0Theme\"\u00a0`\n`Amresh\u00a0Ganesh\u00a0`\n`1:10`\nThe film was initially scheduled to released on January 14 but later got postponed to April 27 however failed to meet the expectations. Despite May 11 being announced as the release date, it was finally released on May 18. The satellite rights of the film were sold to Zee Tamil. The film was also dubbed and released in Hindi as *Mawali Raaj* on YouTube on 27 December 2019.\n*Indian Express* wrote \\\"The film's setting, story and characters fall flat, reducing Bhaskar Oru Rascal to a very few enjoyable moments that come far in between.\\\" *The Hindu* wrote \\\"It's nice to see Arvind Swami loosen up on screen, but 'Bhaskar Oru Rascal' fails to create an emotional connect.\\\" *Hindustan Times* wrote \\\"Barring moments where one can find relief in comedy, Siddique's Bhaskar Oru Rascal falls flat on its face and emerges as one of the most boring films in recent times.\\\" *Sify* called it \\\"average entertainer\\\" falls flat in \\\"comedy and sentiments\\\".","parent_id":"43f819c753a27541af61","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c7651afcb55c2df490df:0","document_content":"# The Invincible Constable\n***The Invincible Constable*** is a 1993 Chinese-Taiwanese martial arts comedy film directed by Hong Kong director Chan Muk-chuen, based on the 19th-century novel *The Seven Heroes and Five Gallants*. The film was shot in Dajinhu National Geopark () in Taining County, Fujian, a protected area of China.\nThe film is set in 11th-century Song dynasty. Bai Yutang, a young hero nicknamed \\\"Sleek Rat\\\", arrives at the national capital Kaifeng Prefecture to challenge Zhan Zhao (nicknamed \\\"Southern Hero\\\" and \\\"Imperial Cat\\\"), a young constable who works for the incorruptible prefect and judge Bao Zheng. A master of intrusion, Bai Yutang sneaks into the imperial palace at night with ease, but when he tries to leave he only narrowly escapes Zhan Zhao\\'s capture. He returns to his base in Hollow Island and is ambushed and pranked by his sworn brothers Han Zhang (\\\"Earth Rat\\\"), Xu Qing (\\\"Mountain Rat\\\"), and Lu Fang (\\\"Sky Rat\\\"), who throw him into the river to be rescued by the fourth brother Jiang Ping (\\\"River Rat\\\"). After the wacky reunion, the five sworn brothers are visited by Ding Yuehua, a bubbly young swordswoman whose sharp tongue annoys Bai Yutang no end. By continuously praising Zhan Zhao and joking about Bai Yutang\\'s abilities, she successfully provokes Bai into leaving for Kaifeng again.\nMeanwhile, Zhan Zhao who is on Bai Yutang\\'s trail has arrived in the mountains surrounding Hollow Island. He meets Ding Yuehua, who immediately takes a liking to him. Ding Yuehua foolishly tries to challenge Zhan Zhao in swordsmanship, and is only rescued by her older brother (or cousin) Ding Zhaohui. Ding Zhaohui invites Zhan Zhao to his estate for a drink, during which Ding Yuehua continues to pester Zhan Zhao. When Ding Zhaohui yells at her, she leaves in a huff.","parent_id":"c7651afcb55c2df490df","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c7651afcb55c2df490df:1","document_content":"# The Invincible Constable\nBai Yutang arrives in Kaifeng and begins his chivalrous activities. He sneaks into the mansion of the treacherous Imperial Tutor Pang, who is throwing a birthday banquet in which all guests have to eat *baozi* (to show his hatred for Judge Bao). Imperial Tutor Pang gets drunk and mistakenly kills his two favorite concubines, believing they are cheating on him (it was actually Bai Yutang who imitated their voices). He then counsels with his advisor Liao Tiancheng, who writes a memorial to the throne about the killing, but laying the blame on Judge Bao. Bai Yutang overhears the conversation and begins to set fire. He is stopped by Zhan Zhao, who has come back to Kaifeng, but manages to convince Zhan to join him. During the chaos following the fire, he substitutes Imperial Tutor Pang\\'s memorial with another one offering to donate all his property to charity.\nRealizing the rivalry between Zhan Zhao and Bai Yutang, Liao Tianzhang believes he can buy off the \\\"Five Rats\\\" to take their side against Judge Bao. Instead, he gets beaten black and blue by Bai Yutang, Jiang Ping and Xu Qing. Bai Yutang meets Ding Yuehua who again provokes him into action: this time he steals Judge Bao\\'s \\\"Imperial Sword\\\". Just as he is returning to Hollow Island, his four brothers are poisoned in a restaurant by Liao Tianzhang. The four brothers believe Zhan Zhao is the culprit, and a struggle with him ensues. They escape from Zhan Zhao only to fall into the hands of Liao Tianzhang, but Zhan rescues them. Knowing that they are all righteous heroes, Zhan Zhao persuades them to join him under Judge Bao. However, the four brothers are reluctant to go after Bai Yutang, their own brother.","parent_id":"c7651afcb55c2df490df","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c7651afcb55c2df490df:2","document_content":"# The Invincible Constable\nZhan Zhao meets Ding Yuehua again on his way to Hollow Island. Initially he tries hard to avoid her, but his kind and gentle nature gradually shines through, and they become close during the journey. When they arrive in Hollow Island, they fall into Bai Yutang\\'s trap. Bai Yutang\\'s four brothers refuse to intervene either way, but thankfully Ding Zhaohui comes to the rescue. Having been freed, Zhan Zhao battles Bai Yutang for the sword. At this time Imperial Tutor Pang arrives with a fleet to extinguish all the heroes. Despite his seemingly unbeatable martial arts skills, the heroes work together to kill him. The sword which has fallen into the river is finally retrieved by Jiang Ping.\nDajinhu National Geopark in Taining County, where this movie is filmed.\n- Lin Wei as Zhan Zhao\n- Li Chih-hsi as Bai Yutang\n- Cynthia Khan as Ding Yuehua\n- Alex Fong as Xu Qing\n- Ha Kwok-wing as Jiang Ping\n- Shih Chung-tin as Lu Fang\n- Mark Cheng as Han Zhang\n- Yen Shi-kwan as Imperial Tutor Pang\n- Su Jun as Liao Tiancheng\n- Anthony Wong as Ding Zhaohui\n- Fan Wei as Bao Zheng","parent_id":"c7651afcb55c2df490df","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"59271adb44d210e5174e:0","document_content":"# Farewell Summer (1992 film)\n***Farewell Summer*** (, ) is a 1992 Vietnamese 35mm romance film adapted from Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u1ee9c\\'s 1992 novel of the same name. The film was produced by Giaiphong Film Studio and directed by L\u00ea Ho\u00e0ng Hoa.\nThis romance comedy film follows the story of the life and loves of four female pupils whose names begin with the letter \\\"H\\\" (H\u1eb1ng-H\u1ea1-Hoa-H\u00e2n) and the male student Long before their graduation.\n- Vi\u1ec7t Trinh \\... H\u1eb1ng\n- H\u1ed3ng H\u1ea1nh \\... H\u1ea1\n- H\u01b0\u01a1ng Giang \\... Hoa\n- B\u1ea3o H\u1ea1nh \\... H\u00e2n\n- L\u00ea C\u00f4ng Tu\u1ea5n Anh \\... Long\n- Thi\u1ec7u \u00c1nh D\u01b0\u01a1ng \\... Ng\u00f4n\n- L\u00ea Cung B\u1eafc \\... Mr.\u00a0Quang -- H\u1eb1ng\\'s father\n- Kim Xu\u00e2n \\... Mrs.\u00a0Quang -- H\u1eb1ng\\'s mother\n- Quang \u0110\u1ea1i \\... Uncle \u0110\u0103ng\n- Ho\u00e0ng Ph\u00fac \\... \u0110o\u00e0n H\u00f9ng\n- H\u1eefu Lu\u00e2n \\... Teacher Minh\n- Cao Th\u00f9y \\... Teacher T\u00f9ng\n- L\u00ea B\u00ecnh \\... Teacher \u00c2n\n- Th\u1ee5y Giao \\... Trinh\n- Kim Ng\u1ecdc \\... H\u1ea1\\'s mother\n- Tr\u1ea7n Ng\u00e2n \\... Thi\u1ec7n\n- T\u01b0\u1eddng V\u00e2n \\... Principal\n- Tr\u1ecdng H\u1ea3i \\... V\u0169\n- Xu\u00e2n B\u00ecnh \\... Hi\u1ec3n\nLocation at Marie Curie High School in Ho Chi Minh City and somewhere in Dak Nong, began since 13 April 1992.\n- Camera : Nguy\u1ec5n H\u00f2e, Minh Tu\u1ea5n\n- Designer : Ph\u1ea1m Nguy\u00ean C\u1ea9n\n- Costume : Ng\u1ecdc \u0110i\u1ec7p\n- Sound : Quang \u0110\u1ea1o\n- Music : Thanh T\u00f9ng (Farewell summer \/ V\u0129nh bi\u1ec7t m\u00f9a h\u00e8), T\u1eeb Huy (? \/ Mong \u0111\u1ee3i ng\u1eadm ng\u00f9i), Nguy\u1ec5n Ng\u1ecdc Thi\u1ec7n (? \/ C\u00f4 b\u00e9 d\u1ed7i h\u1eddn)\n- Singer : C\u1ea9m V\u00e2n and someones","parent_id":"59271adb44d210e5174e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b00dd3a00b0d6fbf4a73:0","document_content":"# Love Case\n***Love Case*** (, ) is a 2008 Vietnamese telefilm adapted from H\u1ed3 V\u0103n Trung\\'s July 1941 novel *C\u01b0 k\u1ec9nh* (\u5c45\u749f). The film was produced by Ho Chi Minh City Television and directed by V\u00f5 Vi\u1ec7t H\u00f9ng.\nThe film is set in C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1\\'s village of Cochinchina in the 1930s. It features a family of district chief Mr.H\u00e0m T\u00e2n (Hu\u1ef3nh Anh Tu\u1ea5n), in a time when romance novels infiltrated. Neighbour and writer Ch\u00ed Cao (Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Minh Qu\u1ed1c Th\u00e1i) is killed with his paper-knife, but no one knows who his killer is. Suspects include killer Qu\u1eadn (T\u1ea5n Beo), Th\u1ecb L\u1ecbnh (Ho\u00e0ng Minh Minh), Mrs.\u00a0District-chief H\u00e0m T\u00e2n (Thi\u00ean H\u01b0\u01a1ng) and T\u00fay (Qu\u1ebf Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng).\nShot on location at G\u00f2 C\u00f4ng, Saigon, Th\u1ee7 D\u1ea7u M\u1ed9t, Sa \u0110\u00e9c, Tr\u00e0 Vinh, B\u1ebfn Tre and Da Lat in 2008. The location used as the house of District-chief H\u00e0m T\u00e2n was the famous address of G\u00f2 C\u00f4ng, its name was Prefecture-chief H\u1ea3i\\'s Oldhouse.\n\n### Film\n- Product manager : Nguy\u1ec5n Vi\u1ec7t H\u00f9ng\n- Assistant director : L\u00ea C\u01b0\u1eddng, H\u1ed3 V\u00e2n, L\u00ea V\u0103n Qu\u00fd, Tr\u1ea7n Minh Trung\n- Accountant : Th\u00fay Anh, Minh Ph\u1ee5ng, Minh Hoa\n- Camera : Cao Th\u00e0nh Danh, \u0110inh Anh C\u01b0\u1eddng, Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Vinh, \u0110o\u00e0n Ti\u1ebfn D\u0169ng, Tr\u1ea7n Ng\u1ecdc Thi\u1ec7n\n- Design : L\u00ea C\u01b0\u01a1ng, L\u00ea Th\u1eafng, H\u1ed3ng Minh, V\u0169 Ng\u1ecdc T\u00e2m, Hu\u1ef3nh Ng\u1ecdc Tr\u1ea1ng\n- Light : Nguy\u1ec5n Minh Ho\u00e0ng, Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u00e0nh Vinh, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n \u0110\u1ea1t, Phan Ph\u00fa Qu\u00fd\n- Make-up : Ng\u1ecdc V\u00e2n, Ho\u00e0n Kim\n- Costume : Tr\u1ecbnh Th\u1ebf B\u1ea3o, V\u0169 Ng\u1ecdc Linh\n\n### Music\n- Theme songs \\\"Looking down\\\" (*C\u00fai m\u1eb7t*) and \\\"Round of the sorrow\\\" (*V\u00f2ng s\u1ea7u*) by Ng\u1ecdc S\u01a1n with Lam Tuy\u1ec1n\\'s singing.","parent_id":"b00dd3a00b0d6fbf4a73","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b00dd3a00b0d6fbf4a73:1","document_content":"# Love Case\n### Cast\n- Hu\u1ef3nh Anh Tu\u1ea5n \\... Mr.\u00a0District-chief H\u00e0m T\u00e2n\n- Thi\u00ean H\u01b0\u01a1ng \\... Mrs.\u00a0District-chief H\u00e0m T\u00e2n\n- Qu\u1ebf Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \\... T\u00fay\n- Thanh Tr\u00fac \\... Huy\u00ean\n- Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Minh Qu\u1ed1c Th\u00e1i \\... Ch\u00ed Cao\n- Qu\u1ed1c C\u01b0\u1eddng \\... Mr.\u00a0Prefecture-chief Huy\u1ec1n\n- Ph\u00fac An \\... Mrs.\u00a0Prefecture-chief Huy\u1ec1n\n- T\u1ea5n Beo \\... Qu\u1eadn\n- Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u1ef3nh Anh \\... B\u1ea3ng\n- M\u1ef9 Dung \\... Lady Ba\n- Ho\u00e0ng Minh Minh \\... Ng\u00f4 Th\u1ecb L\u1ecbnh\n- T\u1ea5n H\u01b0ng \\... Village-chief T\u1ea1i\n- Mai Th\u00e0nh \\... Physician\n- Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea3o \\... T\u00fa\n- L\u00ea Ch\u1ea9n \\... Ch\u00f3\n- Thu H\u00e0 \\... T\u01b0 Thanh\n- T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \\... Thu\u1ea7n Phong\n- H\u00e0o Kh\u00e1nh \\... Clerk\n- Minh Lu\u00e2n \\... Accountant Thanh\n- Thu Nga \\... Ng\u1ecd\n- L\u00ea C\u01b0\u1eddng \\... The captain\n- Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n \u0110ua \\... The cop\n- Ho\u00e0ng V\u0169 \\... Chief of village-guards\n- Thierry Blanc \\... The procurator\n- Alfred \\... The judge\n- Michel Depart \\... The medical-examiner\n- Kim Loan \\... Translator\n- Ch\u00e1nh Thu\u1eadn \\... Canh\n- Th\u1ee7 T\u00edn \\... Hu\u00ea\n- Quang \u0110\u00e1ng \\... B\u1eb1ng Linh\n- Quang Th\u1eafng \\... Village-teacher K\u1ec9nh\n- Ho\u00e0ng Phong \\... Prefecture-chief Huy\u1ec1n in his childhood\n- Ho\u00e0ng T\u1ea5n \\... First lawyer\n- Xu\u00e2n H\u00f9ng \\... Second lawyer\n- Phan Trung Hi\u1ebfu \\... B\u1ec9nh\n- Mai H\u1ea1nh \\... Village-notable \u0110\u1ed1ng\n- L\u1ec7 Hoa \\... Wife of village-notable \u0110\u1ed1ng\n- V\u0103n Ti\u1ebfn \\... T\u1ed9\n- Minh C\u01b0\u1eddng \\... T\u00ed\n- B\u1ea1ch Li\u00ean \\... The watershop-innkeeper\n- L\u00ea Kh\u1eafc Sinh Nh\u1eadt \\... Guard of the prefecture-chief\n- L\u00ea Ti\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1t \\... Ch\u00ed Cao in his childhood\n- Thanh Lan \\... The oldman loses his whaleboat\n- B\u1ea3o Nghi \\... Daughter of Th\u1ecb L\u1ecbnh\n- Di\u1ec5m Tuy\u1ebft \\... Innkeeper of tailorshop Ng\u1ecdc Lan\n- Nh\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec7t \\... The bookshop-innkeeper","parent_id":"b00dd3a00b0d6fbf4a73","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b00dd3a00b0d6fbf4a73:2","document_content":"# Love Case\n### Cast\nand : Cao Kim Loan, B\u00edch Th\u1ea3o, Tr\u1ea7n Ng\u1ecdc L\u00ecn, L\u00ea Minh Ph\u1ee5ng, H\u1ed3 V\u00e2n, Ng\u1ecdc T\u00e2m, Ng\u1ecdc H\u1ed3ng, Ng\u1ecdc Phi, Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng, Kim Lan, Thu H\u00e0, \u00c2u Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ee7y, Thanh V\u00e2n, Ph\u00fa Qu\u00fd, Minh Hoa, Ho\u00e0ng Oanh, Ng\u1ecdc Ng\u1ef1, Thanh H\u1ed3ng, and Minh Trung\n*Love Case* received the Golden Ochna Integerrima Award for best film director (awarded to V\u00f5 Vi\u1ec7t H\u00f9ng) in 2009.","parent_id":"b00dd3a00b0d6fbf4a73","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"4b1a60fb496c3187fa5a:0","document_content":"# Pullikkaran Staraa\n***Pullikkaran Staraa*** () is a 2017 Indian Malayalam-language comedy film written and directed by Syamdhar and starring Mammootty, Deepti Sati and Asha Sarath . The film released on 1 September 2017, coinciding with Onam and Bakrid festivals.\nRajakumaran (Mammootty), moves to Kochi as an instructor in a teacher\\'s training institute and he meets two women, Manjari (Asha Sarath) and Manjima (Deepti Sati) which changes the turn of his life.\n- Mammootty as Rajakumaran\n- Deepti Sati as Manjima (voice-over by Raveena Ravi)\n- Asha Sarath as Manjari Anthony, a School teacher\n- Innocent as Omanakshan Pillai\n- Sijoy Varghese as Anthony\n- Vivek Gopan as Vivek\n- Dileesh Pothan as Kuryachen\n- Hareesh Perumanna as Bharathan\n- Pearle Maaney as Angelina\n- Sohan Seenulal\n- Nitha Promy as Deepa teacher\n- Alencier Ley Lopez as Kumaran, Rajakumaran\\'s father\n- Maniyanpilla Raju as Murali Nambiar, Manjima\\'s father\n- Anjali Aneesh as Mayur\\'s wife\n- Thesni Khan as Vedikettu Mridhula\n- Sunil Sukhada as Sudhakaran\n- Kalabhavan Haneef as teacher\n<!-- -->\n- Emil George","parent_id":"4b1a60fb496c3187fa5a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"4b1a60fb496c3187fa5a:1","document_content":"# Pullikkaran Staraa\n*Pullikkaran Staara* is the second directorial venture by Syamdhar. The film is produced by B. Rakesh & Francis Kannookadan, under the banner Universal Cinemas in association with FTS FILMS. Mammootty does the role of a teacher trainer who hails from Idukki. Deepti Sati returned after a gap of over 2 years. Asha Sarath does the second female lead role, that of a teacher. After a short break, actor and parliamentarian Innocent (actor) is shown in a full-length role in the film. The makers announced the title of the film, only after the completion of the shoot.\nThe film opened in theatres as an Onam-Bakrid release on 1 September 2017. It grossed 95 lakh in the opening day at Kerala box office.\nThe film features songs composed by M. Jayachandran while the background score is provided by Gopi Sundar. An audio launch function was held on 10 August 2017.","parent_id":"4b1a60fb496c3187fa5a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"0079f03f88bec2c7a851:0","document_content":"# Bol\u00edvar el h\u00e9roe\n***Bol\u00edvar el h\u00e9roe*** (lit. Bolivar the hero) is a Colombian anime influenced animated film about the life of Simon Bolivar.\nIt tells the story of the Liberator Sim\u00f3n Bol\u00edvar through characters and situations of fiction. For example, attempts were made to simplify the conflict against Spain by creating the composite character \\\"Tyrannical\\\", symbolizing Spanish evil and oppression. Its counterpart is \\\"Am\u00e9rico\\\", who represents the slavery and the craving for freedom of the people.\nIts budget has never been revealed exactly by the producers, but thanks to information given by M\u00edquel Diaz Ramajo it is known that through personal messages, one of the producers of the film (Miguel Angel Vasquez Aguirre) Of giving the money for the film was in effect the director, Guillermo del Rincon who used 70,000 dollars for it.\nIt premiered on December 25, 2003, stayed in theatres for over 4 weeks.\nThe movie received extremely negative reception, mostly attribute to its poor animation quality.\n- II Festival de animaci\u00f3n de Maracaibo, Venezuela - February 17--22, 2004\n- Festival Iberoamericano, Montreal, Canada - October 16--22, 2004\n- Primera muestra de cine colombiano en Porto Alegre, Brazil - December 1--8, 2004\n- Festival Internacional del Nuevo Cine Hispanoamericano - Havana, Cuba - December 2004\n- Festival de Cine de animaci\u00f3n - Valpara\u00edso, Chile - April 2005\n- IV Festival Infantil y Juvenil 2005 Quito, Ecuador - August 2005\n- VII Festival Internacional de Cine de Cartagena para Ni\u00f1os y J\u00f3venes Cartagena, Colombia - October 2005\n- San Juan CINEMAFEST de Puerto Rico. San Juan, Puerto Rico - October 2005\n- Feria del Libro de Guadalajara - Invitado especial Colombia. Guadalajara, M\u00e9xico - November 2007\n- Anime-influenced animation\n- Sim\u00f3n Bol\u00edvar (1942 film)\n- Sim\u00f3n Bol\u00edvar (1969 film)\n- The Liberator (film)","parent_id":"0079f03f88bec2c7a851","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f900732aa6841d890c51:0","document_content":"# Last Knight (film)\n***The Last Knight**\\'\\', also known as***The Last Warrior**\\'\\' () is a 2017 Russian fantasy comedy film directed by Dmitriy Dyachenko. The story develops around Baba Yaga and Koschei, both villains in traditional Russian fairy tales (as well as the fairy tales of other Slavic countries). The film was produced by American film companies The Walt Disney Company CIS with Russian film companies Yellow, Black and White and Kinoslovo. The film stars Viktor Khorinyak, Mila Sivatskaya, Elena Yakovleva, Ekaterina Vilkova, Konstantin Lavronenko and Yevgeny Dyatlov.\nIt was scheduled to have a wide release on October 26, 2017. As of November 26, 2017, the film became the highest-grossing local-language release of all time in Russia, surpassing *Stalingrad* with 1.68 billion rubles (\\$28.8 million) and topping out at \\$30.5 million. In Russia, the film holds the 12th place biggest box-office audiences. This was Disney Russia\\'s second film produced specifically for the Russian market, with the first being *The Book of Masters* (2009).\nA sequel, titled *The Last Warrior: Root of Evil*, was released in January 2021 and a third film *The Last Warrior: A Messenger of Darkness* was released in December 2021.\nIn Belogorie, a parallel version of Ancient Russia, Sorceress Varvara hunts down Alyosha Popovich whom she believes to be the last Bogatyr (Hero or Warrior). She petrifies and throws him into the sea, where hundreds of other victims rest.\nIn modern Moscow, Ivan Naydenov is a young orphan who makes his way in life by being a con artist. He poses as a \\\"white mage\\\", stars in rigged psychic contest shows, and performs \\\"rites\\\" for clients. He starts having doubts about his life choices, however, when asked to cure a comatose boy.\nOne day, during an escape from a client\\'s husband, Ivan miraculously ends up in Belogorie. This magical world is inhabited by Russian fairy tales characters and creatures. A volkhv appears and claims that Ivan is the lost son of Ilya Muromets, hidden on Earth many years ago.","parent_id":"f900732aa6841d890c51","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f900732aa6841d890c51:1","document_content":"# Last Knight (film)\nIvan is then captured by Varvara\\'s warriors and brought to prince Dobrynya Nikitich. Dobrynya is friendly, but princess Varvara imprisons Ivan in her dungeon without her husband\\'s knowledge. There, Ivan meets a disembodied Koschei, who tells him the magical Sword Kladenets is his only way back to Earth. Koschei himself had used Kladenets to become immortal, but is overthrown and imprisoned by Bogatyrs. After the forces of good had won, most of the magical creatures were imprisoned or killed, then the Bogatyrs themselves suffered the same fate. If Ivan truly is Ilya\\'s son, he can uncover the Sword and use it to restore power to the surviving magical creatures, and to return home.\nBaba Yaga is captured and thrown into the same dungeon. However, this was premeditated: she brought Vasilisa the Wise in frog form, who easily releases the prisoners. Koschei, Baba Yaga and Vasilisa decide to take Ivan with them to find the Sword. Escaping the dungeon, they enlist Vodyanoy the Merman. Koschei tells Ivan of Vasilisa\\'s backstory: after she caught the eye of Dobrynya, the jealous Varvara turned everyone in her village into frogs. Baba Yaga could alleviate the curse by helping her to occasionally turn back into human form. Despite bonding with Vasilisa, Ivan still wishes to get back to his own world.\nVarvara eventually captures the protagonist, petrifies Vodyanoy and forces Ivan to get the Sword for her, holding his companions hostage. Ivan recovers the Sword and overpowers his foes, but Koshei turns out to be in league with Varvara. Moreover, Dobrynya turns out to be the mastermind, planning to use the Sword to become immortal like Koschei. Reasoning that he no longer needs his help, Dobrynya betrays Koschei, and Ivan uses the Sword to escape to Earth.","parent_id":"f900732aa6841d890c51","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f900732aa6841d890c51:2","document_content":"# Last Knight (film)\nBack in Moscow, Ivan realizes he cannot abandon his beloved Vasilisa, and decides to get back. He finds the volkhv and returns to Belogorie. After setting free Zmey Gorynych he uses a modern handgun to fight his way to Dobrynya. However, the latter has already become immortal and prepares to execute Vasilisa and Baba Yaga. Using Gorynych as a distraction, Ivan challenges Dobrynya to a duel, hoping to give his companions time to destroy the magical stone and undo the Immortals\\' invulnerability. During the fight, Dobrynya reveals that it was his envy of Ilya that led to betrayal of Bogatyrs.\nKoschei eventually gets his hands on the magical stone. Touched by the selfless heroism of his companion, he decides to shatter it, killing himself and Dobrynya. Varvara flees Belogorie, and her petrified victims come back to life. Among them was Ilya, who reunites with Ivan. Rather than return to the life of a fake \\\"mage\\\", Ivan stays in Belogorie and marries Vasilisa. He briefly comes to Earth to heal the comatose boy.\nA mid-credit scene shows Varvara on Earth, meeting her mother Galina, Ivan\\'s housekeeper. The two had planned to enthrall Dobrynya and rule Belogorye. That plan have failed, they will now have to make a different move.\nViktor Khorinyak the role of Ivan.","parent_id":"f900732aa6841d890c51","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f900732aa6841d890c51:3","document_content":"# Last Knight (film)\n- Viktor Khorinyak as Ivan Ilyich Naydenov \/ Ivan the Fool, appears on the television screen in the role of magician and psychic Svetozar.\n  - Igor Yashanin as Ivan Naydenov in childhood\n- Mila Sivatskaya as Vasilisa the Wise, trying to destroy the spell that turned all her relatives into frogs, Vasilisa learned to fight in life.\n- Konstantin Lavronenko as Koschei\n- Elena Yakovleva as Baba Yaga, a witch living in a cabin on chicken legs.\n  - Svetlana Kolpakova as young appearance of Baba Yaga\n- Ekaterina Vilkova as Princess Varvara, an evil sorceress.\n- as Dobrynya Nikitich, a fearless bogatyr who turned to evil. He is married to Varvara.\n- Sergey Burunov as Vodyanoy, a merman, the lord of rivers, lakes and sea waters.\n- Aleksandr Semchev as Chudo-Yudo, a monster that lives in the gorge.\n- Yuriy Tsurilo as Ilya Muromets\n- Wolfgang Cerny as Alyosha Popovich\n- Timofey Tribuntsev as the white mage Svetozar, a volkhv\n- Oleg Chevelyov as Varvara\\'s guard\n- Vladimir Ipatov as a boyar\n- Andrey Trushin as a bogatyr, warrior\n- Elena Valyushkina as Galina, Ivan's housekeeper, Varvara's mother\n\n### English dubbing\nThe film was dubbed into English with the title *The Last Warrior* at the UK studio Pinewood Studio in 2017.\n- Chris Kaye as Ivan Naydenov \/ Ivan the Fool\n- Catherine Zeta-Jones as Varvara\n- Kat Lozano as ?\n- Mike Myers as Vodyanoy\n\n### Development\nIn May 2016, production began in Moscow and other locations. The premier was set for October 19, 2017, on the eve of school holidays with potential for being released in the IMAX format. The production companies applied to the Cinema Foundation for state support. Filming took place in Moscow and near Sochi. As of November 26, 2017, the film became the highest-grossing local-language release of all time in Russia, surpassing *Stalingrad* with 1.68 billion rubles (\\$28.8 million)","parent_id":"f900732aa6841d890c51","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f900732aa6841d890c51:4","document_content":"# Last Knight (film)\n### Casting\nThe main character of the film, Ivan Naydenov, performed by Viktor Khorinyak, was conceived as a more serious hero, although there was also something left of the character of Kostya Anisimov from the TV series *Kitchen*, for example, the ability to quickly find a way out of a difficult situation.\n\n### Filming\nPrincipal photography took place in Moscow and near Sochi, and basically all the scenes were shot in real scenery, and not on a chroma key. Most of the filming took place in the Republic of Abkhazia. Abkhazian production company Alexandra Basariya (Sandro) Abkhaz-Production LLC hospitably received the film crew and beloved Russian actors. The shooting took place in such cities and areas as: the road to Lake Ritsa, Auadhara Nature Reserve, Alpine Meadows, the village of Otap cave in Ochamchyrsky District, the town of Pitsunda, Gagra and Gudauta.\n\n### Post-production\nAccording to the director, a watermark created by computer-generated imagery.\n\n### Track listing\nThe film is scheduled to be released in the Russian Federation on October 29, 2017 by Walt Disney Studios Sony Pictures Releasing (WDSSPR). The television premiere took place on January 1, 2018 on the Russia-1 TV channel.\n\n### Budget\nThe exact budget for the movie is unknown but it\\'s estimated to be somewhere between \\$6 and \\$8 million. In 2017 production company Yellow, Black and White (YBW) revealed that the overall production and promotion budget was 370 million Russian Rubles (\\~\\$8 million), equally distributed between Disney and YBW. The film is partially sponsored by Russian government through Cinema Fund, which gave 100 million Russian Rubles to YBW, although half of that sum was returned to state-owned Cinema Fund thanks to the movie\\'s commercial success.","parent_id":"f900732aa6841d890c51","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f900732aa6841d890c51:5","document_content":"# Last Knight (film)\n### Box office\n*The Last Knight* in less than two weeks of rental broke the bar of 1 billion rubles and became the highest-grossing domestic film of 2017, according to the Unified Automated Information System (UAIS) (this record was broken after a short time by the sports drama *Going Vertical* (2017 film), which earned at the box office 3 billion rubles). In total, *The Last Knight* collected more than 1.7 billion rubles at the box office, having recovered its budget in 11 days.\nThe reason for success is found both in a positive word of mouth, and in the active support of distributors.\n\n### Critical response\nCritics\\' opinions about the film were divided, it received conflicting ratings - but mostly average, neutral. According to the \\\"Criticism\\\" aggregator, *The Last Knight* received an average rating of 67\/100 in the press (based on 29 reviews). Igromania magazine stated that the film is straightforward and that the reason why the villains of fairy tales, such as Koschey or Baba Yaga, went over to the good side, was not explained in the film. But he praised the film for good humor. Magazine \\\"Mir Fantastiki\\\" gave the film six out of ten stars and stated that the film could not escape the cliche with the main character, which could be ridiculed in *Shrek* fifteen years ago, because of which the film suffers from a lack of originality, and also stated that the reason why the villains save the world of fairy tales was not disclosed in the film. However, the magazine also praised the film for humor.\nAccording to the results of a survey organized by the Kinopoisk website on the VKontakte social network, users called *The Last Knight* the best Russian film of 2017.\nThe Russian Disney office announced a sequel to the film in February 2018 with Yellow, Black and White co-production and Vitaliy Shlyappo leading the writers. The film is called *The Last Warrior: Root of Evil* and was released on December 24 in 2020. A further sequel is scheduled for 2021.\n- *The Last Warrior: Root of Evil* (2021 film)\n- *The Last Warrior 3* (2021 film)","parent_id":"f900732aa6841d890c51","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"452d731d47a520a9d565:0","document_content":"# Cosmoball\n***Cosmoball***, also known as ***Goalkeeper of the Galaxy*** () is a 2020 Russian 3D superhero space opera film written and directed by Dzhanik Fayziev, based on the animated series *Galactik Football*, with the participation of the television channel Russia-1. The film is set in the future, a post-apocalyptic city in a world inhabited by survivors of an intergalactic war that has shifted the planet\\'s poles. Above the city towers a huge alien ship - it is a stadium, the planet\\'s fate rests in the hands of the willing and capable *Cosmoball* players who are defending the Earth. The fate of the planet depends on the result of the match between earthlings and aliens.\nAndrey Rubanov also participated in the writing of the script, and among the producers are Sergey Selyanov and Innokentiy Malinkin. It stars Yevgeny Romantsov as Anton a goalkeeper to the national team, alongside Viktoriya Agalakova, Maria Lisovaya, Ivan Ivanovich, Liza Taychenacheva, Yevgeny Mironov, and Elena Yakovleva in supporting roles.\nLocation filming began on June 2, 2017 and principal photography locations included the Mosfilm Studios. Shooting took place at Mosfilmovskaya Street in Moscow, and lasted until mid-September 2017.\nThe film required a wide use of computer-generated imagery to portray the rare alien races and space monsters.\n*Cosmoball* was scheduled to be theatrically released in Russia on August 27, 2020, in 2D, RealD 3D formats, with distribution in Russia handled by \\\"Nashe Kino\\\" (English: \\\"Our Cinema\\\").\nThe film was the first major Russian project to be released after the limitation of the number of viewers in cinemas due to the outbreak of the coronavirus. The film grossed 106 million rubles with a budget of 786 million rubles, becoming a box-office failure.\nIn the aftermath of a galactic war, which took place in proximity to Earth, the Moon was destroyed, and the poles of the planet disappeared. Now the climate of Moscow and its population resembles the anti-utopian cyberpunk Brazil: representatives of different races and subcultures, weirdos, exotic animals, and engineering miracles coexist on sun-drenched streets.","parent_id":"452d731d47a520a9d565","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"452d731d47a520a9d565:1","document_content":"# Cosmoball\nAn enormous spaceship hovers over Earth. This is a stadium where competitions are held, remotely resembling modern football, but at incredibly high speeds. The name of the game is *Cosmoball* - a kind of football.\n- Yevgeny Romantsov as Anton (Magli sputnik-droid), the Earthling\\'s cosmoball team goalkeeper.\n: Growing up without a father, he hates cosmoball. Anton thinks only about how to prolong the life of his sick mother and is forced to steal medicines from pharmacies which have turned into strategically important and specially protected facilities. But ironically, it was he who was given the power of teleportation, which he does not yet know how to use, and it is he who will become the leader of the Earth national cosmoball team and the main defender of our planet.\n- Viktoriya Agalakova as Natalya \\'Natasha\\' (Kisa sputnik-droid) the Earthling\\'s cosmoball team captain.\n: A young girl of phenomenal beauty who devoted her whole life to sports. Straight, decisive, and courageous, she is used to winning in everything.\n- Maria Lisovaya as Valaya \/ Anya\n: Cherno\\'s daughter with shapeshifting abilities. Anton runs into Anya in the slums of tropical Moscow, hiding from the police. Like Anton she also hates cosmoball. Bold and determined, she tries to push him into a strong protest.\n- Ivan Ivanovich as Pele (Susya sputnik-droid)\n: Pele is a virtuoso Latin American striker from snowy Brazil. The fastest and strongest on the Earth\\'s national cosmoball team. He is used to taking care of his girls - Natasha and little Fan. Pele\\'s neck and part of his face are covered with an intricate ethnic tattoo.\n- Yelizaveta Taychenacheva as Fan (Gosha sputnik-droid)\n: The smallest person on the Earth\\'s national cosmoball team, she can deftly deceive the opponent by sneaking right in front of his nose, but quickly gets tired on the field.\n- Yevgeny Mironov as Belo, trainer-mentor","parent_id":"452d731d47a520a9d565","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"452d731d47a520a9d565:2","document_content":"# Cosmoball\n: The Earth team is coached by an alien genius scientist with long white hair and purple eyes. Belo has his own interest on Earth and in the national team - only he fully understands what kind of evil they are opposing, and this victory in this confrontation became the meaning of his life.\n- Elena Yakovleva as Anton\\'s mother\n- Mikhail Yefremov as Vasiliy, a police officer\n- Mikhail Stenin as Vasiliy\\'s assistant\n- Dmitry Nazarov as a police chief\n- Svetlana Permyakova as an evil woman at the stock exchange\n- Yan Tsapnik as a sports commentator\n- Gosha Kutsenko as a red-faced security guard\nThe Amazonian team\n- Julia Vins as amazon U\n- Khristina Blokhina as amazon Vo\n- Valeriya Bukina as amazon Bu\n- Stanislav Rogachev as amazon Kho\nThe Siriusian team\n- Alexey Rakhmanov as captain of the Siriusians\n- Yevgeny Kosyrev as siriusian Stan\n- Pavel Dorofeev as a siriusian\n- Alexey Pavlov as a siriusian\nThe North American\n- Wolfgang Cerny as a bearded man with Times Square\n- Svetlana Ivanova as bearded man\\'s wife\n\n### Development\nDzhanik Fayziev, writer and director of *Cosmoball*, at Kinotavr in 2016.\nIn August 2014, Dzhanik Fayziev announced that he is planning to film a blockbuster titled *Cosmoball* about a Russian superhero fighting alien invaders, inspired by the comics of the Marvel Universe, and not about the new work of Russian directors who have decided to take the superhero cinema to a completely new level, Russia Today reports.\nFayziev clarified that, according to the plot, people evolved and became part of a galactic society fighting creatures that look like \\\"super-reactive turboballs\\\", therefore battles with them resemble football, hence the name of the film. The nickname of the superhero is Lev Yashin.\nProducing was done by Dzhanik Fayziev\\'s company Bonanza Studio, which had success with the films *The Turkish Gambit* (2005 film) and *Furious* (2017 film), a historical fantasy film.\nHe is also the co-producer and co-author of the script.","parent_id":"452d731d47a520a9d565","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"452d731d47a520a9d565:3","document_content":"# Cosmoball\n### Development\nExecutive producing of the film was entrusted to Sergey Selyanov (ru), director of the CTB Film Company. The preliminary development of the project took almost 5 years.\nMaksim Osadchy known for his work on *Stalingrad* (2013 film) and *The Duelist* (2016 film), was hired as cinematographer.\nThe authors of the script were Twister Murchison, Drew Row, and Andrey Rubanov.\nIn order to promote the film, main broadcasting companies of Russia - Channel One, Russia-1 and CTC Media joined forces.\n\n### Casting\nThe main roles in the film were performed by sports-men instead of professional actors. Lead actor Yevgeny Romantsov graduated from the Moscow State Academy of Physical Culture (majoring in theory and methodology of football and hockey). Romantsov previously took part in productions of the Gogol Center. Russian actress Viktoriya Agalakova (*n\u00e9e* Glukhikh) studied ballet, acrobatics, and choreography, which proved to be useful when filming dynamic scenes on suspensions. Agalakova works at the Saint Petersburg State Theater of Musical Comedy. They were accompanied by \u0430ctress Maria Lisovaya, a graduate of the Boris Shchukin Theatre Institute.\nThe fourth unknown actress who joined them was the winner of international competitions in rhythmic gymnastics Yelizaveta \\\"Liza\\\" Taychenacheva, an actress who previously competed in biathlon and the Children\\'s teams of Youth Sports Schools \\\"Youth of Moscow\\\". They were all cast because of their sporting past.\nThey were joined by famous actors such as Yevgeny Mironov, Elena Yakovleva, Mikhail Yefremov, and others.\nDirector Dzhanik Fayziev\\'s film is one of the most ambitious, expensive, and high-tech projects of all that is being shot in Russia. On the walls of the pavilion, there is a blue chroma key on which backgrounds will be drawn. In one frame with live actors - virtual characters, drawn from scratch or with the help of digital capture technology acting game motion capture.\n\n### Filming\nPrincipal photography commenced in the scenery on the territory of Mosfilm Studios in Moscow, and lasted from June 2 to mid-September 2017.","parent_id":"452d731d47a520a9d565","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"452d731d47a520a9d565:4","document_content":"# Cosmoball\n### Filming\nOn an area of over 3,500 square meters built transforming the scenery of the streets and interiors of post-apocalyptic Moscow, with thousands of props created by the artists specifically for the film.\nIn the shooting involved up to 500 actors for crowd scenes, and for each a unique costume was stitched.\nIn the Studio, costume designers were delivered 1.5 tons of items lightweight summer clothing from India were delivered.\nWhen working with images, sophisticated prosthetics were used: one of the characters, Valaya --- is in a suit covered with silicone pads throughout her whole body. This took seven hours to create for the make-up-artist.\n\n### Post-production\nFor the post-production of visual effects is engaged in the studio Main Road Post, according to the company\\'s general director Arman Yakhin.\nOne of the biggest challenges of the project was a large number of digital characters (over 50), both completely virtual and recreated using motion capture of actors.\nFor this work, the walls of the Mosfilm pavilions were covered with blue chroma key, on which the backgrounds were painted.\nIn the first case, the actor on the court interacts with the dimensional toy, in the second - with the actor in a blue suit with inertial sensors. Through the use of augmented reality technology, the director could see on his monitor a full-fledged image immediately, that is, instead of a blue person - an alien.\nAdditional work on creating a unique world of the picture, was done by visual effects specialists from the studio Main Road Post.\nThe music score was composed by Italian musician Tony Neiman.\n\n## Release\nThe film\\'s original premiere date was previously scheduled for January 24, 2019. It was delayed because on this date the creative group had some difficulties.\nIn September 2018, it was announced that the release date was postponed to October 17, 2019. As previously assumed, the picture would be presented to viewers on August 27, 2020. On its previously scheduled release date, its former slot was taken by *Maleficent: Mistress of Evil*.","parent_id":"452d731d47a520a9d565","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"452d731d47a520a9d565:5","document_content":"# Cosmoball\n## Release\nThe film\\'s premiere was held on August 25, 2020, at the cinema \\\"Karo 11 October\\\" in Moscow, and was released in cinemas in the following weekend. This was the first major Russian film release after the quarantine, and it was scheduled to be released in the Russian Federation by Nashe Kino in RealD 3D format on August 27, 2020.\n\n### Marketing\nThe first teaser for the film was shown on September 30, 2017, during the IgroMir \/ Comic-Con Russia festival, when the director presented the film to the audience.\n\n### Box office and VOD\nThe film became the first major national blockbuster in Russia to be released after the effects of the outbreak of the coronavirus in Russia that forced a restriction on the number of viewers in cinemas, and put in the amount of 106.6 million Russian rubles (about \\$1.4 million) compared to a budget of 786,4 million rubles.\nThe film was released on digital rental in Russia on October 9, 2020, at the KinoPoisk HD online cinema.\n\n### Critical response\nThe film received mostly low to average ratings from Russian critics, who noted the weak storyline and expressionless dialogues of the characters.\nNikolai Kornatsky from \\\"Film Art\\\" wrote that with the visual part, everything is also not cosmic. The graphics themselves - unprecedented for our cinema - are in no way inferior to either *Valerian* (2017) or *Guardians of the Galaxy* (2014). But this whole huge, loud and populous world all too often evokes a sense of d\u00e9j\u00e0 vu.\nAnton Dolin noted that the film lacks a clearly invented world, the laws, and background of which the authors begin to explain to the audience from the first seconds, but they continue to struggle until the very end. An interesting plot, since three stories - about Dr.\u00a0Frankenstein and the monster he spawned, about a naive boy who will eventually grow into a messiah, and about a sports competition - do not fit well with each other.","parent_id":"452d731d47a520a9d565","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"86570f019896eeea5db0:0","document_content":"# The Sleep Curse\n***The Sleep Curse*** is a Hong Kong horror film directed by Herman Yau. It alternate between 1942 and 1990, between a family, with neuroscientist Lam Sik-ka (Anthony Wong), and his father Lam Sing (also by Wong), who was a translator for the Japanese occupational forces in Hong Kong. Sing has hidden the fact that in his past, he did not save a comfort woman (Michelle Wai) from persecution by the occupiers. Sik-ka later learns that his father\\'s death was caused by a curse the woman placed on him, and that the curse will eventually haunt him as well.","parent_id":"86570f019896eeea5db0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"86570f019896eeea5db0:1","document_content":"# The Sleep Curse\nWong announced that *The Sleep Curse* would be his last performance in horror and thriller films, stating he no longer enjoyed making them.\nAt the Far East Film Festival in Udine, Erica Li spoke about the themes of the film, stating that the film was to \\\"speak for the women, \\... Especially for those who cannot speak for themselves, like the victims of the war. This topic was trying to tell the world that some justice is still undone.\\\"\n*The Sleep Curse* had its premiere at the Hong Kong International Film Festival in 2017. It had a wide release in Hong Kong on May 18, 2017.\n*The Hollywood Reporter* compared the film to director Herman Yau and Anthony Wong\\'s previous collaborations *The Untold Story* and *The Ebola Syndrome*, stating that \\\"There may be no way for the film\\'s director and star to regenerate the manic energy and social fury that made The Untold Story and The Ebola Syndrome such genre-benders more than two decades ago.\\\" noting Wong strives for depth in the role, while Yau \\\"struggles to rein in all the sprawling elements --- the nondimensional characters, the visceral violence, Brother Hung\\'s bombastic music --- into a tight, coherent movie.\\\" The *South China Morning Post* gave the film a two and a half star rating out of five, noting the screenwriters placed \\\"excessively long flashbacks to explain the origin of the curse\\\" and that \\\"The film only snaps back to life with an avalanche of decapitation, mutilation and cannibalism in its last reel. For those expecting a gory good time throughout, as in Yau's extreme horror classics from the '90s, that is too little, too late.\\\"","parent_id":"86570f019896eeea5db0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"3dbc75c00f0213926dc8:0","document_content":"# The Purple Horizon\n**The Purple Horizon** () is a 1971 Vietnamese 35mm eastmancolor film directed by L\u00ea Ho\u00e0ng Hoa.\nA love story between an Army Corporal and a Jazz singer in a land torn apart by war between freedom and oppression is a portrait of love, lost and sacrifices by millions of young men and women during 20 years of resistance against communism. Where the heroes are just ordinary men, men who are willing to sacrifice everything for their country.\nLocation is Saigon during 3 months of the year 1971.\n\n### Art\n- Type : Romance, war, feature.\n- Studio : M\u1ef9 V\u00e2n Films (M\u1ef9-V\u00e2n \u0110i\u1ec7n-\u1ea3nh C\u00f4ng-ti), Li\u00ean \u1ea2nh Motion Picture (Li\u00ean-\u1ea2nh C\u00f4ng-ti)\n- Print : National Cinema Centre (Trung-t\u00e2m Qu\u1ed1c-gia \u0110i\u1ec7n-\u1ea3nh)\n- Digital : Spectra Films Studio (2015)\n- Director : L\u00ea Ho\u00e0ng Hoa\n- Screenplay : V\u0103n Quang\n- Dialogue : Mai Th\u1ea3o\n\n### Cast\n- H\u00f9ng C\u01b0\u1eddng \\... *Phi*\n- Kim Vui \\... *Li\u00ean*\n- Thanh Lan \\... *Ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng*\n- M\u1ed9ng Tuy\u1ec1n \\... *Loan*\n- \u00c1nh Nga\n- B\u1ea3o \u00c2n \\... *\u0110i\u1ec1n*\n- Ng\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ee9c\n- H\u00e0 Huy\u1ec1n Chi\n- Kh\u1ea3 N\u0103ng\n- Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ed7 Cung\n- Ng\u1ecdc Phu\n- Kh\u1ea3 N\u0103ng\n- T\u00f9ng L\u00e2m\n- Xu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1t\n- B\u00e0 N\u0103m Sadec","parent_id":"3dbc75c00f0213926dc8","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8863e21c03df3937eff6:0","document_content":"# The Tayson Gallantry\n**The Tayson Gallantry** (, ) is a 1991 Vietnamese 35mm wuxia film directed by L\u00ea Ho\u00e0ng Hoa in his art name Kh\u00f4i Nguy\u00ean, adapted from L\u00ea Ho\u00e0ng Kh\u1ea3i\\'s 1990 novel *The Jade Lamp martial art* (\u7389\u76de\u795e\u529f).\n- **Episode 1** : The Tayson Gallantry\n- **Episode 2** : The Jade Lamp Martial-art\nLocation is B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh in 1991.\n\n### Art\n- Costume : C\u1ed1 \u0110\u00f4 Tailorshop\n\n### Cast\n**Episode 1**\n- L\u00fd H\u00f9ng\n- Di\u1ec5m H\u01b0\u01a1ng\n- M\u1ed9ng V\u00e2n\n- H\u01b0\u01a1ng Giang\n- Ng\u1ecdc Hi\u1ec7p\n- L\u00ea Cung B\u1eafc\n- Tr\u1ea7n Minh D\u1eadu\n- Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u1ee9c Long\n- Tr\u1ea7n C\u00f4ng Tu\u1ea5n\n- Tr\u1ea7n Thanh Tr\u00fac\n- Ng\u1ecdc \u0110\u1eb7ng\n- Ho\u00e0ng Ph\u00fac\n- Thanh Mai\n- Tr\u1ea7n Quang Hi\u1ebfu\n- T\u01b0 L\u00ea\n- Monk Gi\u00e1c Hu\u1ec7 Vi\u00ean\n- Ho\u00e0ng Tri\u1ec1u\n- Nguy\u1ec5n L\u01b0\u1ee3ng\n- Tr\u1ea7n C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n\n- B\u00ecnh Minh\n- L\u00e2m Th\u1ebf Th\u00e0nh\n- Huy\u1ec1n Linh\n- Nh\u1eadt Minh\n- V\u0103n Th\u00e0nh\n- Thu H\u01b0\u01a1ng\n- Thanh Th\u1ee7y\n- Tr\u1ea7n L\u1ed9c\n- Ho\u00e0ng Ng\u00e2n\n- M\u00e3 Trung\n- V\u0103n Ng\u00e0\n- V\u0103n M\u1ebfn\n- Th\u00e0nh L\u0169y\n- Anh Tri\u1ec1u\n- L\u00ea C\u00f4ng Th\u1ebf\n- Thu V\u00e2n\n- S\u0129 H\u00f9ng\n- Thanh H\u00f9ng\n- V\u0103n Th\u00e0nh\n- Kh\u00f4n H\u1ea3i\n- Thanh T\u00e0i\n- B\u00e1 L\u1ed9c\n- Thanh Linh\n- C\u00f4ng Th\u00e0nh\n- L\u00ea Tu\u1ea5n\n**Episode 2**\n- L\u00ea Tu\u1ea5n Anh\n- Vi\u1ec7t Trinh\n- M\u1ef9 Duy\u00ean\n- L\u00fd Minh\n- L\u00ea Ng\u00e2n\n- Tr\u1ecdng H\u1ea3i\n- Th\u1ea1ch Ng\u00e0\n- Th\u1ea1ch H\u00f9ng\n- H\u1eafc H\u1ed5\n- Quang Hi\u1ebfu\n- Tr\u1ea7n Long\n- M\u1ea1c Can\n- L\u00ea H\u1ea3i\n- Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u00f4i\n- Ti\u1ebfn D\u0169ng\n- L\u00ea \u0110\u1ea1t\n- Trung Nam\n- B\u1ea3o H\u1ea1nh\n- Th\u1ee5y Giao\n- H\u1ea3i Di\u1ec5m\n- V\u0103n B\u00ecnh\n- Ng\u1ecdc \u00c1i\n- \u0110\u00ecnh Lan\n- Th\u00e0nh T\u00e0i\n- C\u00f4ng Du\u1ea9n\n- Th\u00e1i Ho\u00e0ng\n- Thanh Long\n- H\u1eefu Thu\u1eadn\n- Minh Thi\u00ean\n- Xu\u00e2n B\u00ecnh\n- Quang Th\u00e1i\n- L\u00ea C\u01b0\u01a1ng\n- L\u00ea D\u0169ng","parent_id":"8863e21c03df3937eff6","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"760ebad7c6be60875dc7:0","document_content":"# Life of a Flower\n**Life of a Flower** (, , ) is a 1953 Vietnamese 16mm romance film directed by Tr\u1ea7n Vi\u1ebft Long in his art name Tr\u1ea7n Lang.\n*Life of a Flower* was the first sound film which Vietnamese men has produced. Location is Hanoi (84th Nguyen Du Street) and Hong Kong in 1953.\n\n### Art\n- Studio : Kim Chung Films (Kim-Chung \u0110i\u1ec7n-\u1ea3nh C\u00f4ng-ti)\n- Director : Claude Bernard\n- Producer and writer : Tr\u1ea7n Vi\u1ebft Long (Manager Long)\n- Camera : Raymond Chao\n\n### Music\n- *My village* (Chung Qu\u00e2n)\n- *Echoes of memories* (Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u00fd), singing by Kim Chung and Kim Xu\u00e2n\n- *Autumn rain drops* (\u0110\u1eb7ng Th\u1ebf Phong)\n- *The guitar left behind* (Ph\u1ea1m Duy)\n\n### Cast\n- Kim Chung \\... *Ng\u1ecdc Lan*\n- Kim Xu\u00e2n \\... *Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ee7y*\n- Tr\u1ea7n Quang T\u1ee9 \\... *Thi\u1ec7n*\n- Ng\u1ecdc To\u00e0n \\... *Nh\u1ea1c*\n- Tu\u1ea5n S\u1eedu \\... *Tam*\n- Nh\u00e3 \u00c1i \\... *Lan and Th\u1ee7y\\'s mother*\n- Ti\u1ec1n Phong \\... *Thi\u1ec7n\\'s father*\n- Ti\u00eau Lang \\... *A man buys cigarettes*\nwith others actors from Kim Chung Performing Arts (\u0110o\u00e0n C\u1ea3i-l\u01b0\u01a1ng Kim-Chung).\n- Waterloo Bridge (1940 film)","parent_id":"760ebad7c6be60875dc7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"766a7a0fa84c7885b13f:0","document_content":"# Ouija 4\n***Ouija 4*** is the DVD re-titled release of the 2015 Hong Kong horror film **Are You Here**, originally released as *Dip Sin Dip Sin* () directed by Jill Wong. It is an unofficial sequel to *Ouija* and *Ouija: Origin of Evil* made by Blumhouse Productions (also following the re-titled horror film *Ouija 3: The Charlie Charlie Challenge* distributed by Cinedigm). This film is completely unrelated to the official Blumhouse *Ouija* film series. Unlike *Ouija 3: The Charlie Charlie Challenge*, this entry does feature a Ouija board.\nBusiness partners get caught up in a game of supernatural horror when playing an Ouija board online.\nReleased on DVD April 3, 2018 by Cinedigm","parent_id":"766a7a0fa84c7885b13f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"06daccd471450a5d1776:0","document_content":"# Ouija House\n***Ouija House*** is an American supernatural horror film directed by Ben Demaree. The film stars Tara Reid, Mischa Barton, Carly Schroeder and Dee Wallace. The film premiered at the Texas Frightmare Weekend on May 5, 2018.\nA graduate student trying to complete her book on the paranormal, brings friends to a house with a mysterious past, where the group unwittingly summon an evil entity playing a terrifying game.\n- Dee Wallace as Katherine\n  - Tara Reid as Young Katherine\n- Mischa Barton as Samantha\n- Carly Schroeder as Laurie\n- Chris Mulkey as Tomas\n- Tiffany Shepis as Claire","parent_id":"06daccd471450a5d1776","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e5aa7f2494b4dee66b6a:0","document_content":"# The Sunlit Night\n***The Sunlit Night*** is a 2019 romantic comedy-drama film directed by David Wnendt, from a screenplay by Rebecca Dinerstein Knight, based on her 2015 novel of the same name. It stars Jenny Slate (who also co-produced) as a New York painter finding herself on assignment in a remote village in Norway, with Alex Sharp, Fridtjov S\u00e5heim, David Paymer, Gillian Anderson, and Zach Galifianakis in supporting roles.\nThe film had its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival on January 26, 2019, and was released on digital and VOD on July 17, 2020, by Quiver Distribution.\n*The Sunlit Night* follows \\\"American painter Frances and \u00e9migr\u00e9 Yasha --- an unlikely pair who find each other in the Arctic circle. Frances has arrived to jumpstart her career while Yasha has come to bury his father in the land of the Vikings. Together under a sun that never quite sets, they let go of the past and discover the future, and family, they didn't know they had.\\\"\n*Frances* in the opening scene begins with some art evaluators evaluating her work rather harshly. She is soon shown as breaking up with her boyfriend. She returns to her parents\\' apartment who are also painters & artists. Her mother does interior textiles for wealthy people while her dad illustrates medical books.\nShe informs her sister that she showed up unannounced from the lake house of her boyfriend because she has broken up with him. Her parents are also told of the bad news and her mom notices that Frances has a leech attached to her posterior. While the mother removes the leech from the \\\"best posterior in NY\\\" Frances gets a text informing her that her residency in Tokyo went to another artist & not her. The dad & other daughter set up the table. During the meal Frances\\' sister announces that she is getting married. Her father announces that he and their mother are separating. There is an awkward silence as the rejoicing over the other sister\\'s marriage is cut short. Her father explains that he does not approve of the choice of husband made by Gabby (Frances\\' sister).\nHe takes Frances to his working area and allots her a small space to work while he tells Frances that he is afraid how Gabby will take care of herself. Frances tells her that Gabby will be fine because she is in law school.","parent_id":"e5aa7f2494b4dee66b6a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e5aa7f2494b4dee66b6a:1","document_content":"# The Sunlit Night\nFrances is next seen speaking to a career counselor who informs her that she is being placed with an artist Nils Auerman in Norway (a remote part in the North of Norway \\\"Not Oslo\\\").\nFrances arrives in Norway to be picked up by a taciturn and irritable Nils while Frances showers him with praise & admires the land comparing it to a painting. The two of them drive to her residence which is a trailer parked by the water. The bathroom & shower are in the house near the trailer. The first night she cannot sleep because the sun is always up & the curtains are not thick enough.\nThe next day she is taken to work on a barn which is she is supposed to paint with Nils. She watches with anticipation as the car passes by a \\\"Viking Village\\\" but the drive pass the locals, the Viking museum & archers practicing archery to an old barn which is in the process of being painted yellow. Nils constantly discourages her enthusiasm by telling her not to use the word \\\"amazing\\\" to describe the \\\"hard work\\\" ahead of her. She is given instructions to paint the interior of the barn while Nils paints the exterior. She assumes it is paint by numbers and begins working.\nShe goes to the grocery store to shop and notices a grocery clerk who reminds her of a goddess from the Renaissance paintings of the past. She is shocked that the clerk is working behind the freezer stacking dairy products onto the shelves. She tries talking to her but she gets an indifferent stare so she continues with her shopping. Nils invites her to dinner & makes her a dinner with fish. When she returns to her room she notices that there are goats around her trailer and one of the goats has entered her room & is become her pet.\nThe next day she notices Yasha walking by the side of the road & asks Nils to stop & pick him up but Nils refuses & wants to go directly to work. At work when she asks Nils when and where she can paint her own works Nils says that it won\\'t be possible because they will be working from 7 to 7.\nOne day she notices some people practicing archery & she visits the locals engaged in medieval arts like coloring yarn & making ancient weapons and armor. She visits the museums and meets Haldor a gentleman from Cincinnati who takes the Viking lifestyle very seriously and thinks he is the Chief.","parent_id":"e5aa7f2494b4dee66b6a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e5aa7f2494b4dee66b6a:2","document_content":"# The Sunlit Night\nWhen she returns to work Nils is upset & asks her never to leave her work so & then berates her painting technique by manhandling her. Frances gets upset and leaves. She goes to a restaurant and notices Yasha behind her attempting to order pancakes. Yasha also reminds Frances of a boy from the paintings of the masters. She tries talking to Yasha but he seems despondent, pensive & lost. She turns around to ask him to join her table when she notices that he has disappeared.\nWhen she returns to her trailer Nils has given her a flower by her doorstep & is apologetic to her & explains to her that they are two different colors \\\"orange and blue\\\" (contrasting primary colors). They return to work next day when Frances sees Yasha enter the Viking museum.\nWhen she jumps out of the car to accost him she finds out that he is there to attend to his father\\'s funeral - a father who was a baker who employed him in his bakery - a Russian gentleman who wished for a Viking funeral. Around this time Yasha\\'s mother arrives (Olyana). Haldor asks her to leave because Yasha refuses to recognize anyone else when Olyana instead asks Haldor to jump in his place & Haldor mesmerized by her jumps.\nThey soon gather together to see the frozen body of Yasha\\'s father & Yasha cries over it saying he is \\\"finally free\\\".\nSoon after they proceed to carry the coffin by the seashore & place it in a replica of a Viking ship. Haldor attempts to recite a Viking greeting but Yasha instead speaks about his father & what a good person he was. They light the funeral pyre and disperse.\nFrances & Yasha summit a hill & drink & then return to the bar & make love. As they are lying on the floor au natural the Norwegian Art Institute (NKI) representatives arrive to inspect the barn. Frances leaves with Yasha, both apologizing. Nils just stares silently at them.\nSoon Frances returns to NY and Haldor wonders as he watches her depart if he is a \\\"troll\\\". The grocery store clerk (and subject of Frances\\'s paintings) tells Haldor that she likes trolls : people who work in cold dark places & are big and strong and it is implied that maybe Haldor has found a friend.","parent_id":"e5aa7f2494b4dee66b6a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e5aa7f2494b4dee66b6a:3","document_content":"# The Sunlit Night\nWhen Frances returns her sister is married & her Dad makes an anxious speech about how worried he is that she has married out of her own free choice ignoring the advice of her parents. The closing scene is that of Frances\\' work being displayed and hailed as exceptional.\n- Jenny Slate as Frances\n- Alex Sharp as Yasha\n- Zach Galifianakis as Haldor\n- Gillian Anderson as Olyana\n- Dan Puck as Robert\n- Fridtjov S\u00e5heim as Nils\n- David Paymer as Levi\n- Jessica Hecht as Mirela\n- Elise Kebler as Gaby\n- Justus von Dohn\u00e1nyi as Ian\n- Olek Krupa as Vassily\n- David Corenswet as Scott Glenn\nOn May 3, 2018, it was announced that David Wnendt would direct an adaptation of Rebecca Dinerstein\\'s novel *The Sunlit Night*. Producers are set to include Jenny Slate, Fabian Gasmia, Ruben Thorkildsen, Michael B. Clark, and Alex Turtletaub. Production companies involved with the film include Deetailfilm and Ape&Bj\u00f8rn. On June 14, 2018, it was reported that the film had received a one-off contribution of 2 million Norwegian kroner (\u20ac211,000) towards its production costs from the Norwegian Film Institute.\nAlongside the initial production announcement, it was confirmed that Jenny Slate, Alex Sharp, Zach Galifianakis, Gillian Anderson, Dan Puck and Jessica Hecht had been cast in the film.\nPrincipal photography began on April 30, 2018, in New York City. Filming took place from July to September 2018 in Norway.\nThe film held its world premiere on January 26, 2019, at the Eccles Theater in Park City, Utah during the 2019 Sundance Film Festival. It was released on July 17, 2020, by Quiver Distribution. The film will be released in Germany on September 23, 2021, by W-film Distribution.\nOn Rotten Tomatoes, *The Sunlit Night* holds an approval rating of based on reviews from critics with an average rating of . The site\\'s critical consensus reads: \\\"Jenny Slate remains as charming as ever, but her winsome performance isn\\'t enough to overcome *The Sunlit Night*s grating tone and meandering plot.\\\" On Metacritic, the film holds a rating of 47 out of 100, based on 13 critics, indicating \\\"mixed or average reviews\\\".","parent_id":"e5aa7f2494b4dee66b6a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"658b889770cae1f685d8:0","document_content":"# The Welldeserved Fox\n**The Welldeserved Fox** () is a 1959 Vietnamese animated film, directed by L\u00ea Minh Hi\u1ec1n and Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Qua.\nFilm based on poem *The fox and the hive* (Con c\u00e1o v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ong) by H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh.\nIn a forest lived Bear and Chicken. Once, Chicken was enticed by Fox for his eating. But Chicken ran away luckily.\nThen Bear sought Chicken and called Bees to chase Fox.\n*The Welldeserved Fox* was known as the first animated film of the North Vietnam.\nBy first plan, the film would has the 300m length on 10 minutes, 15 thousand drawings on the 18x24cm size of cellophane. But Vietnamese infrastructures could not response, then drawers used typewriter papers which were soaked oil. Besides, their \\\"desks\\\" were glass windows what were in Vietnam Animation Studio\\'s house on Ho\u00e0ng Hoa Th\u00e1m Street (Hanoi).\n- Animators : L\u00ea Minh Hi\u1ec1n, Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Qua, H\u1ed3 Qu\u1ea3ng\\...\n- Golden Lotus prize at the Vietnam Film Festival II (1973) for the best artists (H\u1ed3 Qu\u1ea3ng and Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Qua).\n- History of Vietnamese animation","parent_id":"658b889770cae1f685d8","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e0e87794e5b6dc24317b:0","document_content":"# Santa Claus. Battle of the Magi\n***Santa Claus. Battle of the Magi*** () is a 2016 Russian Christmas fantasy action film directed by Aleksandr Voytinskiy and produced by Georgiy Malkov, Vladimir Polyakov and Lev Karasev. The film\\'s protagonist is Masha, a girl who witnesses an epic battle of monsters with young magicians in the center of Moscow; one of the sorcerers saves the girl and leads her to a secret organization where she learns not only that Father Frost (Santa Claus) truly does exist, but also that the New Year is a real magical ritual.\nIt stars Taisiya Vilkova, with Nikita Volkov, Fyodor Bondarchuk, Aleksei Kravchenko, Egor Beroev, Kseniya Alfyorova, Sergey Badyuk, Irina Antonenko, Igor Chekhov and Filipp Gorenshteyn in supporting roles.\nThe premiere of the film in Russia took place on December 24, 2016, and it later appeared in Russian screens on the eve of the New Year 2017.\nYoung Masha is tormented by visions of flying fiery monsters. Mother worries about her daughter being bullied by classmates. But one day in the very center of Moscow Masha sees a battle of winged fire monsters with young people who call themselves magicians. One of them at the last moment, rescues Masha from the attack of a chimera. So Masha gets into a secret corporation, where she learns that Father Frost (Santa Claus) really exists and, leading an army of magicians able to control snow and ice, protects the Earth from the invasion of dark forces.","parent_id":"e0e87794e5b6dc24317b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e0e87794e5b6dc24317b:1","document_content":"# Santa Claus. Battle of the Magi\n- Taisiya Vilkova as Mariya Petrova, called Masha, sees what others do not see thanks to the ice gene.\n  - as child Masha There was a girl Masha. As a child, her father left with her mother, after which visions began in her dreams and in reality. In the adult state, she had an ice gene, which led her to the Christmas tree guard - the defenders of the Christmas tree from the fiery chimeras. A little later, Masha opened the terrible secrets of the universe - about the silver threads, broken into needles, a magic staff and other addict\\'s heresy, which writers caught in an extraordinary trip to the country of fantasy. Christmas trees and Santa Clauses of all stripes will battle against Karachun, who was determined to obtain the keys of the Guardians who had locked the moon sword.\n- Nikita Volkov as Nikita Krutov, from Christmas trees. Does not want to be like everyone else.\n- Fyodor Bondarchuk as Miran Morozov, the Father Frost (Santa Claus) - the oligarch Miran Morozov looks colorful. He has long hair and a beard. When he dresses in a long festive caftan and takes a magic staff, you really believe that before you the real Santa Claus is the most powerful white magician in the world.\n- Aleksei Kravchenko as Karachun, the evil wizard. This role seems to have been created specifically for him. So harmoniously he looks on the screen. And it\\'s amazing, because he used to play the role of positive characters more often: soldiers-heroes, special forces. But when he tried on the image of the main villain, it was his finest hour.\n- Egor Beroev as Masha\\'s father\n- as Masha\\'s mother\n- Sergey Badyuk as Dobrohot, the chief assistant of Santa Claus.\n- Irina Antonenko as Lina\n- Igor Chekhov as Ilya\n- Filipp Gorenshteyn as Maks\n- Vladimir Gostyukhin as Vitaliy Semenovich\n- as Baba Lyuba\n- Yan Tsapnik as participant of the auction\n- Anastasiya Ukolova as Asya Raevskaya, Snegurochka (The Snow Maiden)\n- Taras Glushakov as Stepan\n- Maksim Pinsker as Santa Claus (II)\n- Oleg Volku as Papay Noel\n- Viktor Myutnikov as Daidi Na Nollaig\n- Yevgeniy Saranchev as Ehee Dyshl\n- Dmitriy Sitokhin as Khizir Ilyas\n- Timur Koshelyov as Yolu Pukki\n- Elina Sudyna as Irina Nikolaevna, music teacher\n- Diana Pozharskaya as Elvira\n- Peter Kovrizhnykh as Oleg Skvortsov","parent_id":"e0e87794e5b6dc24317b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e0e87794e5b6dc24317b:2","document_content":"# Santa Claus. Battle of the Magi\n### Development\nFor two years of working on the script, the creators came up with and developed a mythology based on the rituals of celebrating the New Year in different periods of Russian history.\nMore than 50 different costumes were made for the shooting of the film. For the main hero of Father Frost (Santa Claus) created 8 images, and for his antagonist Karachun - 3 images.\nGrimery spent several hours a day to create the most natural beards, mustaches and wigs for all the characters in the film.\nAbove creating a magical atmosphere in the film, a large creative team worked. Costume designers sewed more than 50 complex costumes: only Father Frost (Santa Claus) had 8 images. Artists, make-up artists every day spent 2-3 hours to create the image of the villain Karachun and about 4 hours for all the brothers of Father Frost (Santa Claus). Artists and graphic designers have come up with and built real new worlds: the Santa Claus Corporation with secret rooms, the archive where all letters to Santa Claus are stored, training halls where young magicians perfect their skills; the headquarters of the brothers Morozov at the North Pole; The den of the villain Karachun. And they also created a lot of \\\"magic\\\" items and creatures: the sleigh and the staff of Santa Claus, the spheres - the weapon with which the magicians control the snow element, the Lunar sword Karachun wants to possess, fire chimeras, snow owls and much more. On the set every day there was a supervisor of computer graphics, and in almost 70% of the scenes stuntmen participated.\n\n### Filming\nThe Location filming took place from December last year on the streets of New Year\\'s Moscow, all the main and large-scale events of the tape unfolded in places not only iconic for the New Year, but also truly supporting the magic atmosphere with their festive decoration and illumination - the Central Children\\'s Store on Lubyanka, Red Square, Tsaritsyno Palace, Patriarch Ponds and Tverskaya Street.\n*Santa Claus. Battle of the Magi* was released in the Russian Federation on December 24, 2016 by 20th Century Fox CIS.","parent_id":"e0e87794e5b6dc24317b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e0e87794e5b6dc24317b:3","document_content":"# Santa Claus. Battle of the Magi\n### Critical response\nThe film received mostly negative reviews in Russian media. He received only one positive review from the newspaper \\\"Izvestia\\\", which he called \\\"quality family fantasy\\\". All other reviews were neutral or negative. They wrote about the film: \u00abThe scenario, suffering from all existing mental disorders, was wiped out by a sick fantasy\u00bb, \\\"Rossiyskaya Gazeta\\\", \u00abIt is possible to analyze the absurdities of the film indefinitely\u00bb (Film.ru), \u00abThe film leaves a sense of confusion\u00bb (Metro).\nBadComedian has critically scrutinized its 2019 New Year\\'s review called Frozen Fantasy.","parent_id":"e0e87794e5b6dc24317b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2fe9bd45ce260a53bf50:0","document_content":"# Taq Kasra: Wonder of Architecture\n***Taq Kasra: Wonder of Architecture*** is a 2018 documentary film on the world\\'s largest brick vault Taq Kasra. It is the first-ever film on this ancient Persian monument, directed by Pejman Akbarzadeh.\nTaq Kasra was in danger of being destroyed by ISIS in 2015-2016, and this inspired Pejman Akbarzadeh to visit Iraq twice to film the arch and record its history.\nThe following scholars have been interviewed in the film\n\n:   \n- Hossein Amanat (Persian-Canadian architect)\n- Prof.\u00a0Ed Keall (Former director of Royal Ontario Museum's Near Eastern Department)\n- Prof.\u00a0Touraj Daryaee (Director of Jordan Center for Persian Studies, Univ. of California)\n- Dr.\u00a0Ute Franke (State Museums of Berlin)\n- Dr.\u00a0Vesta Sarkhosh Curtis (British Museum)\n- Dr.\u00a0Ali Mozaffari (Australian Research Council, Deakin Univ.)\n- Dr.\u00a0Mahmoud Mullakhalaf (Iraqi Ambassador to UNESCO)\n- Dr.\u00a0Qais Huseen Rasheed (Head of Iraqi State Board of Antiquities)\n- Dr.\u00a0Miroslav Zeman (ProjektyZeman, Prague)\n- Prof.\u00a0Robert Hillenbrand (University Of Edinburgh)\nThe 30-minute documentary is filmed in Iraq, Persia\/Iran, Canada, Britain, France, Germany, Czech Republic and the United States.\nThe documentary was premiered in February 2018 at SOAS, London and later screened at various conferences and museums such as the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology, 8th Conference of \\'The Association for the Study of Persianate Societies\\' (ASPS), Smithsonian Institution\\'s Freer Sackler Galleris of Art in Washington DC, and the National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne.\nVarious North American universities, including the University of Texas and the University of Toronto have streamed the film on their server for educational purposes.","parent_id":"2fe9bd45ce260a53bf50","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5fb8b348505bdacad2f9:0","document_content":"# Shaadi Mein Zaroor Aana\n***Shaadi Mein Zaroor Aana*** () is a 2017 Indian Hindi-language romance-drama comedy film directed by Ratnaa Sinha. The film features Rajkummar Rao and Kriti Kharbanda in lead roles, while K. K. Raina, Alka Amin, Vipin Sharma, Govind Namdev, Navni Parihar, Nayani Dixit, Manoj Pahwa featured in supporting roles. The story revolves around two individuals viz.\u00a0Satyendra Mishra IAS and Aarti Shukla and relates their journey from how they are brought together by a marriage proposal and fall in love with each other but on the night of their marriage, destiny, and individual decisions, takes the two of them in two different directions.\nMade on a budget of , the film earned in its first week eventually collecting a lifetime worldwide gross of . It had a worldwide release on 10 November 2017 with a mixed response from the critics. Its music was composed by Anand Raj Anand, JAM8, and Arko with lyrics written by Kumaar.","parent_id":"5fb8b348505bdacad2f9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5fb8b348505bdacad2f9:1","document_content":"# Shaadi Mein Zaroor Aana\nHailing from a conservative family, Aarti Shukla, an intelligent and educated girl from Kanpur, meets Satyendra \\\"Sattu\\\" Mishra, an inspector in the Excise Department, on her parents\\' persistence who are trying to fix an arranged marriage for her. Aarti finds Sattu\\'s off-traditional views charming and places only one issue in front of him, that after marriage, her in-laws will allow her to have a job. Sattu is mesmerized by Aarti\\'s beauty, and agrees to this. Sattu and Aarti decide to move forward and both of them fall in love with each other. On the day of the wedding, before the ceremony is held, Aarti comes to know that she has cleared the Provincial Civil Service exam. This places her in a higher level government cadre than her future husband, meaning that for the entire duration of their future careers, she will outrank him. In view of this, her sister Aabha warns her that if she gets married, her in-laws won\\'t let her pursue the career dreams. On Aabha\\'s and her maternal uncle Jogi Sinha\\'s instigation, Aarti decides to run away from her house without informing Sattu or his family. Sattu and his family are shocked at what has happened. This is a very thorough and very public humiliation for them, in front of nearly every member of their family and friend circle. Sattu is left heartbroken. Not only that, Jogi Sinha picks a loud and even physical quarrel with Sattu\\'s family to return the dowry money immediately. Much of the money has already been spend on wedding preparations. Sattu agrees to pay it back within some time, which leaves his family to undergo hard times with loss of face in the society, and his mother Shanti Mishra being forced selling all her jewelry to repay the money to Aarti\\'s family.","parent_id":"5fb8b348505bdacad2f9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5fb8b348505bdacad2f9:2","document_content":"# Shaadi Mein Zaroor Aana\nFive years later, Aarti, now a PCS Officer, is successfully moving up the career ladder. She even helps her best friend Neelam Gupta get a job in the same office. For doing this, Aarti is also accused of taking a bribe and she is suspended until her case is resolved. During the investigation, Aarti discovers to her horror that the officer in charge of her case is Satyendra, who has now become an IAS officer and is now the District Collector. Satyendra had used his humiliation as a motivation to reach a higher cadre than Aarti. He worked diligently, and cleared the very difficult examinations and interviews to become an officer of the Indian Administrative Service, the All-India cadre which outranks Aarti\\'s state cadre. Satyendra is filled with anger, hatred and revenge towards his old enemies, Aarti and her entire family members, especially with Aarti\\'s father, Shukla and Aarti\\'s uncle, Jogi.\nAarti finds that Satyendra has no sympathy for her at all. Throughout the investigation, the evidence that Satyendra uncovers tends towards Aarti taking a bribe. He makes matters worse for Aarti by hinting that opportunism and money-mindedness are old traits of her character, to which she responds by weeping. She then confronts him privately. Satyendra gives her an option to pay him a large bribe. Aarti tells him, quite truthfully, that she does not have the money for it. Aarti\\'s father and uncle go to Satyendra\\'s residence and plead with him for mercy and to forgive them for humiliating Satyendra and his family, but Satyendra does not listen to them and turns a deaf ear to their pleas. Aarti goes to Kukreja, who is Neelam Gupta\\'s husband and a rich builder by profession. She asks him to give her money so that she could pay Sattu, and she says that Kukreja owes this to her morally, because after all, she had moved heaven and earth to get Neelam a job which she did not deserve. Kukreja refuses outright to pay her anything, and advises her not to pay any bribe, saying that nothing will happen to her anyway. Their conversation was being secretly recorded, and as Satyendra watches it, he orders that Aarti be arrested for trying to manipulate the investigation.","parent_id":"5fb8b348505bdacad2f9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5fb8b348505bdacad2f9:3","document_content":"# Shaadi Mein Zaroor Aana\nDuring the trial, Satyendra replays the video that was recorded of Aarti and Kukreja. The video is actually longer than expected, and it continues to play after Aarti leaves Kukreja\\'s house. It is revealed that after her departure, the husband-wife duo of Kukreja and Neelam plot together to get Aarti murdered because of the danger and drama that Satyendra and Aarti were causing for them. It is revealed by Satyendra\\'s explanation of the video that Kukreja, Neelam, and a broker named Rakesh were cronies and that they have been selling unused government land to businesses under Aarti\\'s name. They were able to do this because of Neelam misusing Aarti\\'s trust and getting papers signed in her ignorance. As the trial ends, Aarti is found to be innocent and Kukreja, Neelam, and Rakesh are arrested. Aarti is shocked to realize that Sattu had actually saved her life by sending her to prison, and also saved her from jail time by revealing the truth.\nAarti develops respect for Sattu. She tries her best to make amends to marry him, but he refuses to marry her. Aarti finally tells him that she will marry a prospective new groom, Sharad Shukla (actually her sister Aabha\\'s husband). Sattu and his family are also invited to the wedding. On the day of the wedding, Sattu realizes his love for Aarti and gate-crashes into her wedding. Angrily, Sattu attacks Sharad and holds him at gunpoint with his official IOF .32 Revolver in order to kill Sharad, ignoring the pleas from Aarti and the other guests at the wedding. It is revealed that Sharad is her brother-in-law and that the wedding was only a drama planned by both the families to make Sattu realize his true feelings. The film ends with Aarti and Sattu\\'s marriage and a romantic song.","parent_id":"5fb8b348505bdacad2f9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5fb8b348505bdacad2f9:4","document_content":"# Shaadi Mein Zaroor Aana\n- Rajkummar Rao as Satyendra Mishra IAS, District Collector, a very strict, upright and honest officer (former excise official)\n- Kriti Kharbanda as PCS Officer Aarti Shukla (suspended on charges of bribery and corruption)\n- Navni Parihar as Manju Shukla (Aarti\\'s mother)\n- Govind Namdev as Shyam Sunder \\\"S. S.\\\" Shukla (Aarti\\'s father)\n- Nayani Dixit as Aabha Shukla (Aarti\\'s sister)\n- Manoj Pahwa as Jogi Sinha (Aarti and Aabha\\'s maternal uncle or *mamaji*)\n- K. K. Raina as Professor Jugal Kishore \\\"J. K.\\\" Mishra (Sattu\\'s father)\n- Alka Amin as Shanti Mishra (Sattu\\'s mother)\n- Vipin Sharma as Mahesh Kumar (Sattu\\'s maternal uncle or *mamaji*)\n- Abhijeet Singh as Ranjan Sinha (Jogi\\'s son and Aarti and Aabha\\'s cousin brother)\n- Neha D. Bhriguvanshi as Neelam Gupta Kukreja (Kukreja\\'s wife and Aarti\\'s colleague)\n- Ashish Kapoor as Builder Kukreja (Neelam\\'s husband)\n- Mahesh Chandra Deva as Rajesh Yadav Landbroker\n- Rakesh Dubey as Sattu\\'s PSO\n- Sanath Gaur as Mahesh\\'s uncle\n- Karanvir Sharma as Sharad Shukla (Aabha\\'s husband and Aarti\\'s brother-in-law), he was about to be killed by Satyendra\n- Vivek Yadav as Biker Boy\n- Ashok Kumar as Sattu\\'s official bungalow servant\n- Ajitesh Gupta as Priyansh Yadav (Sattu\\'s best friend)","parent_id":"5fb8b348505bdacad2f9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5fb8b348505bdacad2f9:5","document_content":"# Shaadi Mein Zaroor Aana\n### Development\nIn February 2017, producer Vinod Bachchan made the official announcement about his film *Shaadi Mein Zaroor Aana* with Rajkummar Rao and Kriti Kharbanda in lead roles. For the role of Aarti Shukla, the first choice of filmmaker Ratna Sinha was Taapsee Pannu who had reportedly came on board to do the film but later on decided against doing so citing lack of dates. The second choice of Ratna Sinha was Katrina Kaif, the third was Ileana D\\'Cruz, and the fourth was Kriti Kharbanda.\n\n### Filming\nThe principal photography of *Shaadi Mein Zaroor Aana* began in March 2017 in Allahabad. The scenes that were included in the movie was that of Hanuman Mandir in Civil Lines, Allahabad, Lord Curzon Bridge near Naini and beautiful sights of the Triveni Sangam side. Following which there was a 30-day schedule in Lucknow while the final schedule of the film took place in Kanpur. Some famous scenes of Lucknow include the Ambedkar Memorial Park. A set worth 20\u00a0million was created in Lucknow by art director Arup Adhikari, set designer Shabiul Haasan and their team to film a wedding sequence that formed the climax of the film.\nThe soundtrack album of *Shaadi Mein Zaroor Aana* comprises eleven songs composed by Arko Pravo Mukherjee, Kaushik-Akash-Guddu (KAG) For JAM8, Zain-Sam-Raees, Anand Raaj Anand and Rashid Khan while the lyrics were written by Kumaar, Shakeel Azmi, Gaurav Krishna Bansal, Arko and Kunal Verma. Vocals on the album\\'s eight tracks were performed by several singers mainly Yasser Desai, Arijit Singh, and Shafqat Amanat Ali. It was produced under the Zee Music label.\nThe song \\\"Pallo Latke\\\" is a remake of a popular Rajasthani folk song.","parent_id":"5fb8b348505bdacad2f9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5fb8b348505bdacad2f9:6","document_content":"# Shaadi Mein Zaroor Aana\n### Filming\nBollywood Hungama gave 3 out of 5 stars and noted in its music review that, \\\"What works for the music of Shaadi Mein Zaroor Aana is the fact that there is a constant \\'sur\\' right through its playing time which doesn\\'t cause a distraction. The sound is uniform and helps the album to play on well through its duration.\\\" Vipin Nair of *The Hindu* in his review said that the soundtrack is \\\"entirely missable\\\" and gave it a rating of 2.5\/5.\n\n### Box office\n*Shaadi Mein Zaroor Aana* premiered on 10 November 2017 across India.\n\n### Critical response\nNamrata Joshi of The Hindu was impressed with the acting performances of all actors but criticized the implausible revenge story that the film becomes in its second half. Urvi Parikh of Rediff was critical of the weak storyline of the film and its slow pacing. The critic gave the film a rating of 1.5 out of 5. Bollywood Hungama praised the concept of the film but criticized its uninspired execution and gave the film a rating of 2 out of 5. The website appreciated the acting performance of Rajkummar Rao but was critical of the writers for their confused presentation of his character.\nKriti Tulsiani of News18 praised the acting performances of all actors but criticized the poorly written script which she felt was not just unreasonable but also out-dated. Kriti gave the film a rating of 2 out of 5. Rachit Gupta of Filmfare applauded the makers for taking up issues that are very relevant to our society but was critical of the way they were handled. Rachit felt that the film suffers a lot from the usage of outdated clich\u00e9s and too much melodrama and gave it a rating of 2.5 out of 5. Meena Iyer of DNA India praised the acting performance of Rajkummar Rao but felt that the film lacked conviction and could not tap its entire potential. Meena gave the film a rating of 2.5 out of 5.\n`Award`\n`Date\u00a0of\u00a0ceremony`\n`Category`\n`Recipient(s)\u00a0and\u00a0nominee(s)`\n`Result`\n`Zee\u00a0Cine\u00a0Awards`\n`19\u00a0December\u00a02017`\n`Best\u00a0Female\u00a0Playback\u00a0Singer`\n`Jyotica\u00a0Tangri(For\u00a0the\u00a0song\u00a0\"Pallo\u00a0Latke\")`","parent_id":"5fb8b348505bdacad2f9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5fb8b348505bdacad2f9:7","document_content":"# Shaadi Mein Zaroor Aana\n### Critical response\n`Stardust\u00a0Awards`\n`30\u00a0December\u00a02017`\n`Best\u00a0Film`\n`Shaadi\u00a0Mein\u00a0Zaroor\u00a0Aana`\n`Mirchi\u00a0Music\u00a0Awards`\n`28\u00a0January\u00a02018`\n`Upcoming\u00a0Male\u00a0Vocalist\u00a0of\u00a0The\u00a0Year`\n`Asit\u00a0Tripathy(For\u00a0the\u00a0song\u00a0\"Tu\u00a0Banja\u00a0Gali\u00a0Benaras\u00a0Ki\")`","parent_id":"5fb8b348505bdacad2f9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a420d40d0cde5c12e657:0","document_content":"# The Girl from Yesterday\n***The Girl from Yesterday*** (Vietnamese title: *C\u00f4 g\u00e1i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb h\u00f4m qua*) is a Vietnamese romantic comedy film directed by Phan Gia Nhat Linh, based on the novel of the same name by writer Nguyen Nhat Anh. The film was released on July 21, 2017. The film stars Ngo Kien Huy, Miu Le, Jun Pham, Ho\u00e0ng Y\u1ebfn Chibi and L\u00ea H\u1ea1 Anh.\nThe plot begins in Southern Vietnam, 1997, revolving a student named Thu. The film begins when Thu is a child, soon fast forwarding to when he is ten years old. During his childhood years, Thu makes friends with Tieu Ly, a little girl who lives next door. Young Thu prides himself on his cleverness, and while he generally gets along with Tieu Ly, he often playfully bullied her. Eventually, Tieu Ly and her family moves away, and Thu is heartbroken. He kept a secret notebook serving as a keepsake of his relationship with Tieu Ly.\nFurther down the road, an older Thu develops feelings for another girl in his class named Viet An. He borrows a book from her and writes song lyrics in it. Upon discovering the lyrics, Viet An tells Thu to get her a new book. Thus, Thu borrows another book and stays up late to finish it, as Viet An wanted him to give it back to her as soon as possible. In addition, Thu knew that Viet An likes candy, and hence decided to purchase candies for her every day. However, Viet An had two close friends, Chieu Minh and Hong Hoa. Thu had to buy candies for all three of them, and this caused the slow, yet fast depletion of his money.","parent_id":"a420d40d0cde5c12e657","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a420d40d0cde5c12e657:1","document_content":"# The Girl from Yesterday\nFinding it difficult to win Viet An\\'s heart, Thu asks for advice from his best friend Hai. Continuously, he failed in his pursuit to win Viet An\\'s heart. Yet as Thu continues to fall for Viet An, he also began to miss Tieu Ly, his childhood friend. One day, Viet An became sick and was unable to attend school. Thus, Thu helped to voluntarily takes notes of all the lessons she missed, and went to visit her. As he focuses on writing the lesson notes for Viet An, he ended up neglecting his own lessons and was reprimanded by his teacher. His teacher then discovered a love poem Thu wrote about Viet An. Viet An was made aware of the situation and scolds Thu about the poem, but asks him to go to the movies with her anyway. Joyfully thinking that the date consisted of only the duo, Thu was shocked to find out that Viet An had asked her close friend, Hong Hoa to come along as well.\nOther than the blooming romance between Thu and Viet An, the film also covers the love between Chieu Minh (close friend of Viet An\\'s) and her Physical Education teacher, Luc. Chieu Minh had been diagnosed with an unpredictable heart defect, posing a challenge to the love between the couple. Aspiring to find the cure for Chieu Minh\\'s condition, Luc brings her to the city for proper treatment.","parent_id":"a420d40d0cde5c12e657","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a420d40d0cde5c12e657:2","document_content":"# The Girl from Yesterday\nLater on, Thu had a misunderstanding with Luc, leading to a fight between the two. The fight resulted in the suspension of Thu from school. After the suspension, Hai and Viet An went to Thu\\'s house to teach him the lessons that he has missed. This helped Thu to keep up with his schoolwork, despite the suspension. Over time, Thu and Viet An become a couple, as do Thu\\'s best friend, Hai, and Viet An\\'s close friend, Hong Hoa. After a while, Thu brings Viet A home and decided to show her his secret notebook. However, a miscommunication occurred when Thu misunderstands that Viet An uses papers from his notebook to make paper boats. In frustration, he angrily told Viet An to leave his house. It was only later that he realized that the paper used to fold the paper boats were blank. Upon knowing this, Thu chases Viet An to get the notebook back. When they were on the bridge, Viet An reveals that she is, in fact, Tieu Ly, which surprises Thu. Thu is happy to realize that she is his childhood friend and soul-mate.\n- Ngo Kien Huy as Thu\n  - Minh Khang as young Thu\n- Miu Le as Viet An\n  - Ha Mi as Tieu Ly \/ young Viet An\n- Jun Pham as Hai\n- Ho\u00e0ng Y\u1ebfn Chibi as Hong Hoa\n- L\u00ea H\u1ea1 Anh as Chieu Minh\n- Lan Phuong as Teacher Huong\n- Tieu Bao Quoc as Teacher Hinh\n- Tung Min as Teacher Luc\n- Ha Linh as Thu\\'s father\n- Bao An as Phuong\n- Van Anh as Tieu Ly\\'s father\n- Tu Vi as Tieu Ly\\'s mother\n- Truc Nhan as Mysterious teenager (cameo role)","parent_id":"a420d40d0cde5c12e657","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"34d3b55d7660f635efcb:0","document_content":"# Mangalyam Thanthunanena\n***Mangalyam Thanthunanena*** is a 2018 Indian Malayalam-language satire film directed by Soumya Sadanandan and written by Tony Madathil, starring Kunchacko Boban and Nimisha Sajayan. The film was released on 20 September 2018.\nRoy (Kunchacko Boban) and Clara (Nimisha Sajayan) are newly married couples, Roy is an irresponsible spendthrift who has trouble managing his finances. Clara\\'s nature is exactly the opposite. when Roy comes home from Dubai for his wedding, he learns that he has been terminated from his job. The marriage was fine during the first three months or so, but the going gets tough as Roy wants money urgently to pay off his debts.\nClara suggests that he joins for work at her wealthy dad\\'s bank or about asking him for some financial help. But Roy is egoistic to do that. He wants Clara to give her ornaments to pledge for a bank loan or to sell it. When she refuses, their relationship gets shaky. The film revolves around the events that unfold following this crisis how he manages to sort things out.\n- Kunchacko Boban as Roy\n- Nimisha Sajayan as Clara, Roy\\'s wife\n- Hareesh Perumanna as Shamzudheen\n- Shanthi Krishna as Thresiyamma, Roy\\'s mother\n- Vijayaraghavan as Avarachan, Clara\\'s father\n- Alencier Ley Lopez as Prof.\u00a0Kuruvila Eliyas\n- Leona Lishoy as Susan Thomas\n- Sunil Sukhada as Palisha Rappayi\n- Salim Kumar as Father Kuriyakose Tharayill\n- Chempil Ashokan as Koora\n- Rony David as George, Roy\\'s brother-in-law\n- Pauly Valsan as Thressiyama\\'s mother\n- Soubin Shahir as guest appearance\n- Kochu Preman as Babu\n- Sankar Induchoodan as Titto\n- Mamukoya as Kuriyan paraykal\n- Jomon K John as Thamara Shibu\n- Molly Kannamaly as Valsa\n- Gayathri Varsha as Korah\\'s wife\n- Baby","parent_id":"34d3b55d7660f635efcb","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"34d3b55d7660f635efcb:1","document_content":"# Mangalyam Thanthunanena\nThe film marks the feature film directorial debut of Soumya Sadanandan after the documentary *Chembai: My Discovery of a Legend*. Sathanandan described the film as \\\"a family satire reminiscent of the old Balachandra Menon films\\\".\nThe film was released on 20 September 2018.\nThe Times of India rated it 3 out of 5 and said that \\\"It is a simple film without much to boast off\\\". New Indian Express rated the film 3 out of 5, saying \\\"This is a film that doesn\\'t aim too high. It is content with being what it really is: a simple, old-fashioned, and feel-good family entertainer\\\". Filmibeat rated it 3 out of 5 and said that \\\" The film will take us back to the stories that we have seen in the 80s\/90s, but it is set in today\\'s time. The film might be clich\u00e9d at parts but it delivers what it intended and it has some genuinely good moments to offer for the audiences.","parent_id":"34d3b55d7660f635efcb","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"914f3177e2a3ddc23ebf:0","document_content":"# Hotel Milan\n***Hotel Milan*** is a 2018 Indian comedy drama film directed by Vishal Mishra. It stars Kunaal Roy Kapur, Karishma Sharma, Zeishan Quadri, Jaideep Ahlawat, Rajesh Sharma, Malvi Malhotra and Zakir Hussain. Based on the \\\"anti-Romeo squads\\\" formed by the Yogi Adityanath ministry in Uttar Pradesh, the film was shot in Kanpur and Unnao. It was released on 16 November 2018 and received poor critical reception.\nThe film begins with news clips reporting on how the anti-Romeo squads formed in the state of Uttar Pradesh, tasked with preventing Eve teasing and harassment of women at public places, are harassing young couples in the name of morality. Goldie Kaushik (Jaideep Ahlawat), the leader of Bharat Nirmaan Party\\'s Youth Wing in Kanpur, beats up young couples seen together in the name of protecting Indian culture. Given his political position, police officer ACP Yadav helps him in his activities. Vipul (Kunaal Roy Kapur) is chastised by his father for his joblessness and loitering around the city, while his girlfriend Shaheen (Karishma Sharma) does not like his opposition to Kaushik, ultimately breaking up with him for this reason. Desperate to win back her affection and earn money, Vipul along with his friend Saurabh (Zeishan Quadri) decides to open a hotel for young couples. Together they rent an old lodge owned by Saurabh\\'s uncle (Zakir Hussain) and make him a partner in their hotel named \\\"Hotel Milan: Khilte Hain Gul Yahan Khil Ke Bikharne Ko\\\".","parent_id":"914f3177e2a3ddc23ebf","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"914f3177e2a3ddc23ebf:1","document_content":"# Hotel Milan\nThey charge customers on hourly basis and very soon the hotel becomes a popular destination for young couples to spend time together without the fear of anti-Romeo squads and public shaming. The trio is reaping a huge profit daily and Shaheen makes up with Vipul. Shaheen and Vipul book a room in the hotel on Valentine\\'s Day but instead go to a nearby *dargah* on Shaheen\\'s insistence. In Vipul\\'s absence, Kaushik reaches the hotel with his goons. They vandalise the premises and beat up Saurabh and his uncle. Kaushik\\'s goons drag out the couples from their rooms and thrash them mercilessly. Vipul and Shaheen return to find the hotel ransacked. Together they help admit the injured to a nearby hospital and deliberate on their next step. The incident gains huge media coverage and Vipul is invited to one such discussion on television, where he is disheartened by the repeated haggling of Kaushik and another politician. Vipul returns home and informs his friends and family that he is going to file a case against Kaushik and ACP Yadav for vandalising his hotel and beating up his customers and staff. They engage the services of Guptaji (Rajesh Sharma), a lawyer who has not a won a single case until then and is depressed because his wife ran away with his servant.\nDuring the court trial, Kaushik has a case filed against Vipul for running an immoral place and sends goons to Guptaji\\'s house to intimidate him. The latter manages to get over his distress over his wife and presents an incriminating witness in court who had seen Kaushik and his goons beating up young couples outside Milan Hotel and vandalising it. In its judgement, the court comments that the Hotel Milan had been vandalised in a planned conspiracy. It instructs police to suspend ACP Yadav and set up an inquiry against him. To Kaushik, the court awards a fine of and orders him to pay to the owners of Hotel Milan in compensation. At the end of the film Vipul joins Kaushik\\'s party, stating that his fight against Kaushik was not a personal one.","parent_id":"914f3177e2a3ddc23ebf","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"914f3177e2a3ddc23ebf:2","document_content":"# Hotel Milan\n- Kunaal Roy Kapur as Vipul\n- Karishma Sharma as Shaheen\n- Zeishan Quadri as Saurabh\n- Jaideep Ahlawat as Goldie Kaushik\n- Rajesh Sharma as Guptaji\n- Zakir Hussain as Chachaji\nAfter the formation of the Yogi Adityanath ministry in Uttar Pradesh, anti-Romeo squads were set up to prevent Eve teasing, ensure the safety of women at public places, and \\\"create fear among potential harassers\\\". However, the squads drew criticism when videos of them harassing young couples surfaced in the media. Vishal Mishra came up with a story based on these anti-Romeo squads and approached Haresh Patel of AD Films, who agreed to produce it after the first narration. Mishra described it as \\\"quite a daring film\\\".\nKunaal Roy Kapur, Karishma Sharma, Zeishan Quadri, and Jaideep Ahlawat were cast in the film. When questioned by the media regarding the controversial subject matter, Misha responded that he was not expecting any protest against the film.\nPrincipal photography began in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, on 18 July 2017. For the hotel scenes, an old bungalow was renovated by the filmmakers. *Hotel Milan* marked the first film of Karishma Sharma in a leading role. She had previously been seen in *Pyaar Ka Punchnama 2*. Some of the scenes were shot in Unnao. A.B. Vidyalaya Inter College, Mall Road, was used for the court scenes while location shooting was also done at Guptar Ghat, Swaroop Nagar, Moti Jheel, and Birhana Road. In total, the film crew spent 35 days in Kanpur and cast local actors in supporting roles. Kapur and Mishra would later come together for *Marudhar Express* (2019).\nThe film\\'s initial release date was 14 September 2018, which was later changed to 26 October 2018. However, the film was further delayed due to late certification from the Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC), which would not grant an A certificate until footage involving Yogi Adityanath was removed, despite it previously being cleared for use in its trailer. Mishra removed the video but kept Adityanath\\'s audio in the film. The film was eventually released on 16 November 2018, a week following Diwali.","parent_id":"914f3177e2a3ddc23ebf","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"914f3177e2a3ddc23ebf:3","document_content":"# Hotel Milan\nThe soundtrack album was composed by Harshit Saxena, Kashi-Richard, Amjad Nadeem, Enbee & Ruchit H Patel.\nPallabi Dey Purkayastha of *The Times of India* gave the film 1.5 out of 5 stars. She called Quadri\\'s character the \\\"only saving grace\\\" of the film, which to her was \\\"as shady as a love hotel\\\". She stated that Kapur was a \\\"misfit\\\" who struggled with the Kanpur accent and Sharma was \\\"outrageously overdressed\\\". Purkayastha felt that the plot\\'s novelty was the only thing \\\"working in favour of the director\\\".\nWriting for the *Mumbai Mirror*, Kunal Guha was critical of the film and gave it a 1-star rating, calling it a film with low \\\"production values\\\" and a \\\"kind of project you\\'d not wish on your worst enemy\\\". He felt that the film was poor on the technical front and that some of the staff might have \\\"walked off the project midway\\\", putting more pressure on the staff that remained. He likened the film to \\\"mediocre sitcoms\\\" for its \\\"jarring laughter track\\\". On the film\\'s characters, Guha noted that Quadri was \\\"barely tolerable\\\" and Kapur\\'s acting was \\\"discomforting\\\". He advised Ahlawat to be careful while reviewing a film\\'s script.","parent_id":"914f3177e2a3ddc23ebf","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"494a6e369a7841e0f5fa:0","document_content":"# Story of Nh\u00f4 village\n**Story of Nh\u00f4 village** () is a 1997 Vietnamese telefilm adapted from Nguy\u1ec5n Quang Thi\u1ec1u\\'s 1994 novel *The assassin of the fields* (K\u1ebb \u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng). The film was produced by Vietnam Television Film Center and directed by \u0110\u1eb7ng L\u01b0u Vi\u1ec7t B\u1ea3o.\nDuring the Renovation, Tr\u1ecbnh Kh\u1ea3 who was a professor of Vietnam Maritime University came back his countryside. He started calling Nh\u00f4 village\\'s oldmen and commune officials for the regaining 75 acres fields which Nh\u00f4 people has allowed Tam San village to borrowing 30 years ago. He was deputed as the commander by village people. Then he established the *447 department* to against the corruption and protect his village.\nSome 447 members killed impassible two fishing merchants, so the police started taking part.\nProduction was executed in the V\u0129nh Ng\u1ecdc commune, \u0110\u00f4ng Anh district, Hanoi during the summer of 1997.\n\n### Art\n- Assistant : Xu\u00e2n H\u01b0\u01a1ng\n- VTR : Xu\u00e2n Ki\u1ec7n\n- Light : Minh Ch\u00e2u, Minh D\u01b0\u01a1ng\n- Montage : Ho\u00e0ng T\u00fa","parent_id":"494a6e369a7841e0f5fa","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"494a6e369a7841e0f5fa:1","document_content":"# Story of Nh\u00f4 village\n### Cast\n- Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1ea3i \\... *Tr\u1ecbnh Kh\u1ea3*\n- Tr\u1ea7n Ti\u1ebfn \\... *Mr Bong*\n- Huy C\u00f4ng \\... *Mr T\u00edn*\n- Ng\u1ecdc Th\u01b0 \\... *Xinh - Kh\u1ea3\\'s lover*\n- Ho\u00e0ng Lan \\... *Teacher V\u00e2n*\n- C\u00f4ng B\u1ea3y \\... *Ch\u1ee9c*\n- Ch\u00ed Th\u00f4ng \\... *H\u00f2a*\n- Minh Quang \\... *Tri\u1ebft - District policeman*\n- H\u1ed3ng Tu\u1ea5n \\... *\u0110o\u00e1n*\n- B\u00e1 C\u01b0\u1eddng \\... *Commune secretary Nh\u00fat*\n- H\u1ed3ng \u0110i\u1ec7p \\... *V\u00e2n\\'s mother*\n- H\u1ed3ng Giang \\... *T\u1ee9 S\u1ee9t*\n- \u0110\u00ecnh Th\u1eafng \\... *Commune policeman*\n- Minh Tu\u1ea5n \\... *Hoan*\n- Kim Qu\u00fd \\... *Kh\u1ea3\\'s spouse*\n- Thanh T\u00f9ng \\... *T\u00e2m*\n- \u0110\u1ee9c Long \\... *Clerk T\u1ea5t*\n- Thu Ng\u00e0 \\... *Ch\u1ee9c\\'s spouse*\n- V\u00e2n Anh \\... *H\u00f2a\\'s spouse*\n- Ng\u1ecdc Anh \\... *T\u00e2m\\'s spouse*\n- Th\u00fay Hi\u1ec1n \\... *\u0110o\u00e1n\\'s spouse*\nAnd : Nam C\u01b0\u1eddng, Th\u1ebf H\u1ed3ng, H\u1ed3 Trung, \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eabn, Ng\u1ecdc Ph\u00fac, V\u0103n Ki\u1ec7n, Tr\u1ea7n T\u00f9ng, M\u1ea1nh Ki\u1ec3m, Th\u1ebf B\u00ecnh, Tu\u1ea5n D\u01b0\u01a1ng, Qu\u1ed1c Phong, M\u1ea1nh Th\u1eafng, Oldman Nh\u00e2n, D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00f9ng, V\u0103n Ng\u1ecdc, Ho\u00e0ng Tu\u1ea5n, Baby T\u00ed\\...","parent_id":"494a6e369a7841e0f5fa","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cecf725e0799af1bb0c8:0","document_content":"# Next Gen (film)\n***Next Gen*** is a 2018 computer-animated science fiction action film that is based on the online Chinese comic *7723* by Wang Nima, and is directed by Kevin R. Adams and Joe Ksander. The film stars the voices of John Krasinski, Charlyne Yi, Jason Sudeikis, Michael Pe\u00f1a, David Cross and Constance Wu. It tells the story of Mai Su, a lonely rebellious teenage girl living in a world where sentient robot technology is commonplace, and 7723, a top-secret weaponized robot, who, through a chance encounter, meet each other and form an unlikely bond that they must use to stop a vicious threat. The film was released on Netflix on September 7, 2018, and was produced almost exclusively using Blender.\nA teenage girl named Mai lives with her mother Molly in Grainland. Her father left them when she was young, after which her mother started to depend on robots causing Mai to feel left out. One day, the two attend a product launch at IQ Robotics headquarters. Annoyed at her mother, Mai wanders off, stumbling into the secret lab of Dr.\u00a0Tanner Rice, who has been working on an attack robot called 7723. Mai accidentally activates 7723, before getting apprehended by security and returned to her mother. At launch, Justin Pin, the CEO of IQ Robotics, reveals a new generation of Q-Bots to the public, but he secretly designed them to explode. 7723 leaves Rice\\'s lab to find Mai, but is pursued by the city police. He starts to use his weapon systems, making the police forces respond with deadly force. He falls into the lowest levels of the city, damaging his memory core.\nWhen Mai goes outside to check on her dog, Momo, she finds 7723 in her backyard. She initially tries to dismiss him, but after seeing his weapons system, she allows him to stay in the shed. With 7723, Mai confronts some school bullies, by destroying their Q-Bots. The two then embark on a montage of shenanigans throughout the city, but as 7723 accumulates more memories, he struggles to decide which to keep. When Mai confronts him about it, he reveals if he reaches full capacity, he will undergo a total system reset, losing all his memories in the process. Mai suggests deleting his core systems to make room, but he says he would lose functionality.","parent_id":"cecf725e0799af1bb0c8","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cecf725e0799af1bb0c8:1","document_content":"# Next Gen (film)\n7723 becomes apprehensive about using his abilities under Mai\\'s orders, and during one instance refuses to blast Mai\\'s school bully leader, Greenwood, when she orders her hurt. This angers Mai so she proceeds to hit Greenwood herself with her bat, but stopping just before completing a swing after Greenwood begins to cry. 7723 subsequently deletes his weapon system to save his memories and prevent himself from hurting any more people, and promises to Mai to never let her down again, but is unknowingly seen by Molly\\'s Q-Bot, allowing Dr.\u00a0Rice to find him, and he goes to Mai\\'s house to format 7723\\'s memory and take him away. He explains that he built 7723 to prevent an upcoming crisis. Pin and his bodyguard robot Ares arrive, announcing his plan of killing all of humanity. A fight erupts, but without his weapons, 7723 cannot stop Pin from kidnapping Molly and he flees with Mai and Momo into the sewers. Mai snaps at 7723 for deleting his weapon systems and not saving her mother.\nStorming off to IQ Robotics to rescue Molly, Mai is quickly apprehended, but 7723 arrives and the two make up. They find Dr.\u00a0Rice, who warns them of Ares, but before he can say much more, Pin appears and kills him. Mai has noticed that Pin\\'s mannerisms are mimicking Ares\\', and the resulting fight is taken to a nearby sports stadium, where the truth is eventually and publicly revealed: Ares had killed Pin and has been using a bionic skeleton in his body. Pin once told Ares to make the world \\\"perfect\\\", which Ares believes will only happen through humanity\\'s extinction. With his plans exposed, Ares arms the Q-Bots and merges with a powerful assault armor to overpower 7723, while Mai rescues Molly and evacuates the stadium, but is captured by Ares\\' Pin body.","parent_id":"cecf725e0799af1bb0c8","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cecf725e0799af1bb0c8:2","document_content":"# Next Gen (film)\nUnable to fend off Ares, 7723 makes the decision to reboot himself, restoring his weapons and beginning the process of wiping his memories. Saving Mai, he shares one last goodbye with her before battling Ares on equal footing. After fatally damaging Ares, his system reboot completes before he can destroy Ares, becoming inert. Ares attempts using his now-weakened Pin body to destroy the vulnerable 7723, but Mai decapitates Ares, stopping him for good. 7723 re-activates but fails to recognize Mai.\nAs everything finally returns to normal, Mai begins making new memories with 7723.\n- John Krasinski as 7723 (credited as \\\"Project 77\\\")\n- Charlyne Yi as Mai Su, Molly\\'s daughter who was bullied by Greenwood and her friends due to being a weirdo.\n- Jason Sudeikis as Justin Pin \/ Ares\n- Michael Pe\u00f1a as Momo, Mai\\'s foulmouthed dog, which 7723 uses a translator to understand him\n- David Cross as Dr.\u00a0Tanner Rice \/ Q-Bots\n- Constance Wu as Molly Su, Mai\\'s mom\n- Kiana Led\u00e9 as Greenwood, A girl who bullies Mai for having no friends.\n- Anna Akana as Ani, Mai\\'s friend who is also bullied by Greenwood.\n- Kitana Turnbull as RJ\n- Jet Jurgensmeyer as Junior\n- Issac Ryan Brown as Ric\n- Betsy Sodaro as Gate\n- Fred Tatasciore as Police Robots \/ Robot Podium \/ Announcer\n*Next Gen* is a Canadian-American-Chinese co-production.\nIn May 2018, it was announced that Netflix had purchased worldwide rights to *Next Gen*, an animated film directed by Kevin R. Adams and Joe Ksander, for \\$30 million. The deal excluded China. Charlyne Yi, Jason Sudeikis, Michael Pe\u00f1a, David Cross, Kitana Turnbull and Constance Wu would lead the voice cast.\nRegarding the project being acquired by Netflix, Ksander stated:\nR. Adams added that:\n*Next Gen* was \\\"effectively 100% created in Blender.\\\"\nThe film was released worldwide except in China by Netflix on September 7, 2018. The film was released theatrically in China on July 19, 2019 by Alibaba Group and Wanda Group.\n*Next Gen* has received positive reviews. On the review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of based on reviews, with an average rating of .","parent_id":"cecf725e0799af1bb0c8","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cecf725e0799af1bb0c8:3","document_content":"# Next Gen (film)\nIn Richard Roeper\\'s review for the *Chicago Sun Times*, he criticized the film\\'s indecisiveness in what audience it was aiming for and said \\\"It\\'s a chore just to keep up with all the shifts in tone, and by the time *Next Gen* reaches the finish line, we\\'re more exhausted than exhilarated.\\\"\nHowever, Joel Keller of Decider found no major problems to prevent enjoyment of the film, writing, \\\"Our Call: STREAM IT. Great voice performances, some funny moments, and a central relationship that will immediately suck you in make NextGen a fun watch for the entire family.\\\"\n\n### Accolades\n`Award\u00a0`\n`Date\u00a0of\u00a0Ceremony\u00a0`\n`Category\u00a0`\n`Recipient(s)\u00a0\u00a0`\n`Result\u00a0`\n`Ref`\n`Annie\u00a0Awards\u00a0`\nFebruary 2, 2019\n`Outstanding\u00a0Achievement\u00a0for\u00a0Animated\u00a0Effects\u00a0in\u00a0an\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature\u00a0Production\u00a0`\n`So\u00a0Ishigaki,\u00a0Graham\u00a0Wiebe\u00a0`\n`Nomination\u00a0`\n`Annie\u00a0Awards\u00a0`\nFebruary 2, 2019\n`Outstanding\u00a0Achievement\u00a0for\u00a0Character\u00a0Design\u00a0in\u00a0an\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature\u00a0Production\u00a0`\n`Marceline\u00a0Tanguay\u00a0`\n`Nomination\u00a0`\n`Annie\u00a0Awards\u00a0`\nFebruary 2, 2019\n`Annie\u00a0Award\u00a0for\u00a0Voice\u00a0Acting\u00a0in\u00a0a\u00a0Feature\u00a0Production\u00a0`\n`Charlyne\u00a0Yi\u00a0`\n`Nomination\u00a0`\n`Golden\u00a0Reel\u00a0Awards\u00a0`\n`February\u00a016,\u00a02019\u00a0`\n`Award\u00a0for\u00a0Non-Theatrical\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature\u00a0Film\u00a0`\n`Next\u00a0Gen\u00a0`\n`Win\u00a0`\n`Kidscreen\u00a0Awards\u00a0`\n`February\u00a013,\u00a02019\u00a0`\n`Best\u00a0One-Off,\u00a0Special\u00a0or\u00a0TV\u00a0Movie\u00a0`\n`Baozou,\u00a0Tangent\u00a0Animation,\u00a0Netflix\u00a0`\n`Nomination\u00a0`\n`Kidscreen\u00a0Awards\u00a0`\n`February\u00a013,\u00a02019\u00a0`\n`Creative\u00a0Award\u00a0-\u00a0Best\u00a0Animation\u00a0`\n`Next\u00a0Gen\u00a0`\n`Win\u00a0`\n`Kidscreen\u00a0Awards\u00a0`\n`February\u00a013,\u00a02019\u00a0`\n`Creative\u00a0Award\u00a0-\u00a0Best\u00a0Design\u00a0`\n`Next\u00a0Gen\u00a0`\n`Win\u00a0`","parent_id":"cecf725e0799af1bb0c8","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"da28de22448950602487:0","document_content":"# Halkaa\n***Halkaa*** is a 2018 Indian Hindi-language family film directed by PadmaShri Nila Madhab Panda starring Ranvir Shorey & Paoli Dam. The movie was released on 7 September 2018. A trailer was released on 7 August 2018\nThe film follows a young boy, Pichku\\'s journey from the slums of Mumbai to Delhi to fulfill his dream of owning a toilet, against his fathers wishes.\n- Paoli Dam\n- Ranvir Shorey","parent_id":"da28de22448950602487","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"251ef5360ad140f6e4d3:0","document_content":"# Ishqeria\n***Ishqeria*** (; ) is a 2018 Indian Hindi-language romantic drama film written and directed by Prerna Wadhawan. The film stars Richa Chadda and Neil Nitin Mukesh in the lead roles. The dialogues are written by Radhika Anand. *Ishqeria* was theatrical released on 21 September 2018 after a delay of three years. The film\\'s motion poster were released on 2 August 2018, followed by the theatrical trailer on 29 August 2018.\n- Richa Chadda as Kuhu\n- Neil Nitin Mukesh as Raghav\n- Gurbani Judge\n- Mrinalini Sharma as Radhika\n*Ishqeria* was shot between 2012 and 2014 in Mussoorie and Allahabad where the unit had faced problems due to the rough weather and production constraints. The film was slated to release in 2015, however due to Prerna\\'s marriage, it was delayed.\n\n## Soundtrack\nThe songs are composed by Rashid Khan, Papon and Wasim-Emraan. The lyrics are written by Rashid Khan, Protiqe Majumder, Ajay K. Garg and Haider Najmi.","parent_id":"251ef5360ad140f6e4d3","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5599a68a6ca6195d1a45:0","document_content":"# Touken Ranbu (film)\n`is\u00a0a\u00a02019\u00a0Japanese\u00a0fantasy\u00a0film\u00a0adaptation\u00a0of\u00a0a\u00a0video\u00a0game\u00a0series\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0same\u00a0name,\u00a0The\u00a0cast\u00a0from\u00a0`*`Stage: Touken Ranbu`*`\u00a0will\u00a0be\u00a0reprising\u00a0their\u00a0roles.\u00a0The\u00a0film\u00a0will\u00a0be\u00a0distributed\u00a0by\u00a0Toho\u00a0and\u00a0Universal\u00a0Pictures,\u00a0directed\u00a0by\u00a0Saiji\u00a0Yakumo\u00a0and\u00a0written\u00a0by\u00a0Yasuko\u00a0Kobayashi.\u00a0It\u00a0will\u00a0be\u00a0released\u00a0in\u00a0Japan\u00a0on\u00a0January\u00a018,\u00a02019.\u00a0The\u00a0theme\u00a0song\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0film,\u00a0\"UNBROKEN\"\u00a0by\u00a0Takanori\u00a0Nishikawa\u00a0feat.\u00a0Tomoyasu\u00a0Hotei.`\nIt is the year 2205. The Saniwa, a sage who has the power to animate legendary swords and bring them to life, informs one of his Touken Danshi (swordsmen) Mikazuki Munechika of the Time Retrograde\\'s Army (TRA) plan to change history by preventing Oda Nobunaga\\'s death at the Honnoji Incident. The Saniwa sends a team consisting of six swords left in their citadel home: captain Mikazuki Munechika, Yamanbagiri Kunihiro, Yagen Toushirou, Heshikiri Hasebe, Fudou Yukimitsu, and Nihongou to travel back in time to the Honnoji Incident.\nAt Honno-ji temple, Nobunaga and his vassal, Mori Ranmaru, attempt to hold down the fort while the traitorous Akechi Mitsuhide and his men attack. Seeing no way out, Nobunaga retreats to his room and commands Mori to hold down the fort. The TRA show up at the scene and attack Akechi's soldiers, but Hasebe, Fudou, and Nihongou arrive to assist while Yagen and Yamanbagiri tackle a strange individual TRA member. Mikazuki reaches Nobunaga\\'s quarter\\'s in time to stave off the TRA and gives Nobunaga his space to commit seppuku.","parent_id":"5599a68a6ca6195d1a45","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5599a68a6ca6195d1a45:1","document_content":"# Touken Ranbu (film)\nUguisumaru welcomes them back to the citadel and introduces a newly arrived Touken Danshi: Honebami Toushirou, older brother to Yagen and former companion of Mikazuki. It is revealed that Honebami cannot recall his past due to amnesia. Mikazuki dissuades the others from visiting the Saniwa, raising suspicions. Meanwhile, news of Nobunaga's death travels to his general Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who grieves in a mad rage.\nWhile Mikazuki reports the success to the Saniwa and discusses recent events, the Touken Danshi become suspicious as to why they have rarely seen their master besides Mikazuki.\nBack in 1582, Nobunaga Oda awakes in a cavern and is faced with the strange TRA member who Yagen had previously battled. The stranger introduces himself as Mumei (No Name) and pledges the loyalty of the TRA to Oda Nobunaga, who is more than pleased to have cheated death. Mikazuki is urgently summoned to the Saniwa\\'s room with the same news. Upon hearing the Saniwa's self-reproach, Mikazuki insists he will set things right. The team is reassembled, with Fudou being replaced by Honebami.\nMikazuki is confronted by a suspicious Uguisumaru, who asks about the Saniwa and is told he would be needed soon. Nihongou eavesdrops on them. At the portal, Honebami expresses his conflict over what it means to protect history. Mikazuki announces the team\\'s new mission: to assassinate the still-alive Oda Nobunaga.\nToyotomi Hideyoshi returns to avenge his lord by chasing Mitsuhide to Sh\u014dry\u016bji Castle. Nobunaga, his new TRA army, and Mumei send a messenger to Hideyoshi of his survival and plans. The Touken Danshi split up to trail Nobunaga, Akechi and to stop Nobunaga\\'s message from reaching Hideyoshi. Yamanbagiri, Hasebe, and Nihongou voiced their concerns about Mikazuki\\'s secrecy before departing. Mikazuki addresses Honebami's concerns and asks him for a favor.","parent_id":"5599a68a6ca6195d1a45","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5599a68a6ca6195d1a45:2","document_content":"# Touken Ranbu (film)\nYagen and Yamanbagiri trail Mitsuhide and bump into Mikazuki and Honebami who were trailing Nobunaga. Nobunaga attacks Akechi directly, but in a sudden change of heart, Mumei jumps between the two men in defense of Mitsuhide. Mikazuki intervened in the battle using the moment of shock and directed Nobunaga away, fleeing into the night. The other Touken Danshi attempt to follow, but a TRA ootachi brute forces them to retreat before re-assuming control over Mumei. Akechi Mitsuhide vanishes from history.\nHasebe and Nihongou trail the messenger to Hideyoshi and cut him down, but Hideyoshi had received Nobunaga\\'s letter. Despite being persuaded that the letter was fake, Hideyoshi reveals to the two that he is going to occupy Nobunaga's castle, Azuchi Castle, and insists the Touken Danshi follow him. Yamanbagiri and Nihongou trade messages via carrier pigeon, stating Mikazuki's apparent betrayal, and the rest agree to meet up at Azuchi Castle.\nMikazuki tells Nobunaga that he only wishes to escort him to Azuchi Castle safely. Nobunaga does not trust Mikazuki but he accepts Mikazuki's aid.\nWhile Yamanbagiri, Yagen, and Honebami rest and recuperate, Yamanbagiri and Yagen are confused at Mikazuki's betrayal to run off with Nobunaga. As Honebami assists them, they decide that they would stop Mikazuki if he turns traitor.\nOn route to Azuchi, Hideyoshi reveals to Hasebe and Nihongou that he knew all along that the two were lying: Nobunaga was indeed alive and Hideyoshi intends to kill Nobunaga himself. Hideyoshi attempts to assassinate the two, but both escape.","parent_id":"5599a68a6ca6195d1a45","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5599a68a6ca6195d1a45:3","document_content":"# Touken Ranbu (film)\nMikazuki and Nobunaga arrive at Azuchi Castle with Nobunaga waiting expectantly for Hideyoshi to arrive with support. Nobunaga goads Mikazuki, insisting that his history now is the correct history. The TRA split up their forces, with Mumei protecting Nobunaga while the ootachi leaves to complete their own mission: an attack on the Saniwa's citadel. Fudou notices the attack on the citadel\\'s shields. He rushes to find the Saniwa but finds his master shrouded in a bright glow. Uguisumaru quietly steers Fudou away.\nHideyoshi arrives at Azuchi Castle. However, Hideyoshi starts attacking its walls while ordering his men to 'flush Mitsuhide's men out'. Angered at Hideyoshi\\'s betrayal, Nobunaga draws his sword on Mikazuki, who only calmly replies that history can be rewritten but Nobunaga is still doomed. The rest of the Touken Danshi arrive to find Azuchi Castle under attack. Yagen, Nobunaga's dagger, finally recalls the newly-corrected history: Nobunaga escaped Honnoji with Mori's help but dies at Azuchi Castle after being betrayed by Toyotomi Hideyoshi. Mikazuki's buried historical secret is revealed as Hideyoshi brandishes the sword of Mikazuki Munechika, a war spoil that Nobunaga gifted to Hideyoshi.\nMumei and the TRA move in to attack Hideyoshi's men. Honebami speeds off, leaving the others behind to face the rest of the enemies. Mikazuki leaves Nobunaga and reunites with Honebami, who passes him a bag of items. Nobunaga ambushes them and holds Honebami hostage, demanding Mikazuki to escort him to safety. Mikazuki refuses and answers both Nobunaga\\'s and Honebami\\'s concerns: Mikazuki believes that protecting history as he knows it will protect the many things he cherishes. He will protect Nobunaga as the legendary fearsome general he knows, but not the man that was now begging before him. Ultimately bested, Nobunaga releases Honebami and accepts his fate.","parent_id":"5599a68a6ca6195d1a45","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5599a68a6ca6195d1a45:4","document_content":"# Touken Ranbu (film)\nBack in the citadel, the shields break from the continuous assault. The ootachi brute materializes with his army on the citadel grounds, with only Uguisumaru and Fudou standing in their way.\nWhen Mikazuki rejoins his companions, he reveals that Honebami had taken their teleportation spheres and passed them to him and sends them all back to the citadel against their wishes, stating that the Saniwa was in urgent need of their help. He confronts the enemy alone.\nUpon their return, Uguisumaru is shocked that Mikazuki was not with them. The truth is revealed: The Saniwa was transferring out due to advanced age and loss of power. This put their citadel at its weakest state and the TRA chose to attack their home at this critical moment.\nAt Azuchi Castle, Mikazuki fights a losing battle. He gives out and falls - only to be caught by Hasebe and the returning Touken Danshi. They received new orders from their master: to retrieve Mikazuki. Rejuvenated and reunited, they take on Mumei and the TRA and successfully eradicate them. Nobunaga uses his blade, Yagen Toushirou, and commits seppuku successfully. As the Touken Danshi return to the citadel, a swirl of sakura petals surround Mumei and he vanishes as well.\nThe team returns to assist Uguisumaru and Fudou while Mikazuki stops the ootachi brute from directly attacking the Saniwa. Mikazuki bids farewell to the Saniwa who vanishes in the light. Mikazuki throws the ootachi out for the final confrontation, only for Mumei to sink his blade into his former comrade. Mumei finally overcomes his possession and reveals himself to be a Touken Danshi: Kurikara Gou, Akechi Mitsuhide's short blade that was used against Nobunaga. Altogether, the Touken Danshi finish off the ootachi brute and end the TRA's invasion.\nAfter some time, the entire retinue of Touken Danshi awaits Mikazuki in the Saniwa's hall. He reveals to them their new Saniwa, a little girl. Mikazuki mused to his old master that he now had more to cherish and protect, while the other Touken Danshi entertain their new master in peaceful times.","parent_id":"5599a68a6ca6195d1a45","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5599a68a6ca6195d1a45:5","document_content":"# Touken Ranbu (film)\n- Hiroki Suzuki as Mikazuki Munechika\n- Yoshihiko Aramaki as Yamanbagiri Kunihiro\n- Ry\u014d Kitamura as Yagen Toushirou\n- Masanari Wada as Heshikiri Hasebe\n- Taizo Shiina as Fudou Yukimitsu\n- Hiroaki Iwanaga as Nihongou\n- Fuma Sadamoto as Honebami Toushirou\n- Tomoki Hirose as Uguisumaru\n- Norito Yashima as Hashiba Hideyoshi\n- Koji Yamamoto as Oda Nobunaga","parent_id":"5599a68a6ca6195d1a45","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6058bd7942996f64116f:0","document_content":"# Onward (film)\n***Onward*** is a 2020 American computer-animated urban fantasy adventure film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures. The film was directed by Dan Scanlon, produced by Kori Rae and written by Scanlon, Jason Headley, and Keith Bunin, and stars the voices of Tom Holland, Chris Pratt, Julia Louis-Dreyfus, and Octavia Spencer. Set in a suburban fantasy world, the film follows two elf brothers named Ian and Barley Lightfoot who set out on a quest to find an artifact that will temporarily bring back their deceased father for 24 hours before it\\'s too late.\nThe concept of *Onward* is inspired by the death of Scanlon\\'s father, who died in a car accident, when Scanlon and his older brother were very young children. The film was announced at D23 Expo in July 2017.\n*Onward* premiered at the 70th Berlin International Film Festival on February 21, 2020, and was theatrically released in the United States on March 6, 2020. The film received positive reviews from critics, but underperformed at the box office, grossing only \\$141 million worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic contributed to its financial shortcomings, due to the widespread closure of theatres, making it Pixar\\'s second box-office failure after *The Good Dinosaur* (2015). Like several other films released in the early months of 2020, it found far greater success on VOD. The film was nominated for Best Animated Feature Film at the 78th Golden Globe Awards and 93rd Academy Awards, but lost both awards to *Soul*, another Pixar film.\nIn a world inhabited by mythic creatures, magic was commonplace millennia ago, though difficult to master. After technological advances over the centuries, magic became obsolete and was largely discarded.","parent_id":"6058bd7942996f64116f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6058bd7942996f64116f:1","document_content":"# Onward (film)\nIn the modern day, Ian Lightfoot is a teenaged elf struggling with self-confidence; his older brother, Barley, is an enthusiastic and impulsive role-playing gamer. On Ian\\'s sixteenth birthday, the boys\\' mother, Laurel, gives her sons a gift from their father, Wilden, who died shortly before Ian was born: a magical staff, a rare Phoenix gem, and a letter describing a \\\"visitation spell\\\" that can resurrect Wilden for a single day. Ian succeeds in casting the spell but, interrupted by Barley, is unable to finish it. As a result, only the lower half of Wilden\\'s body is reformed before the gem disintegrates. The brothers embark on a quest to acquire another gem and complete the spell before sunset, taking Barley\\'s beloved van \\\"Guinevere.\\\" Finding the boys gone, Laurel leaves to look for them.\nHoping to find a map to another gem, Ian and Barley visit the Manticore\\'s Tavern--once a gathering-place for would-be adventurers, now a family restaurant managed by the Manticore (\\\"Corey\\\"). While arguing with Ian over the map, Corey realizes how unfulfilling her life has become and loses her temper, accidentally setting fire to the restaurant and the map. The brothers\\' only clue to the gem is a children\\'s menu suggesting \\\"Raven\\'s Point,\\\" a nearby mountain. Laurel later arrives at the scene and befriends Corey, who warns Laurel that the gem is guarded by a curse that can only be defeated by an enchanted sword. After stealing the sword from a pawn shop, they set out in pursuit of Ian and Barley.","parent_id":"6058bd7942996f64116f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6058bd7942996f64116f:2","document_content":"# Onward (film)\nTraveling to the mountains, Barley proposes following what he calls the \\\"Path of Peril\\\", but Ian insists on taking the freeway. As they travel, Ian begins mastering magic spells that Barley remembers from his role-playing game. They narrowly escape a motorcycle gang of pixies at a gas station and have a tense encounter with the police, which the boys disguise themselves as their mother\\'s boyfriend, Colt Bronco, during which Ian inadvertently reveals that he considers Barley to be a screw-up. To apologize, Ian agrees to follow the Path of Peril. Ian\\'s self-confidence is boosted when he successfully uses a spell that allows him to walk across a bottomless pit, where, unbeknownst to him, he was walking without the rope that Barley tied him to over the second half of the pit. Bronco catches up to the boys and forces them to come home, Ian agrees, but as he starts the van, he drives away, leading to a wild police chase. When they are pursued by the police, Barley sacrifices Guinevere to cause a landslide, blocking their pursuers.\n\\\"Raven\\'s Point\\\" turns out to be a series of raven statues leading them into a cave. As they explore the cave, Barley confesses that he was too afraid to say goodbye to Wilden when he was dying. The brothers evade a series of traps, including a Gelatinous Cube that dissolves anything it touches. Emerging from the cave, they find themselves back in front of Ian\\'s high school.","parent_id":"6058bd7942996f64116f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6058bd7942996f64116f:3","document_content":"# Onward (film)\nIan lashes out at Barley for leading them on a wild goose chase and walks away with Wilden\\'s legs to spend whatever time he has left with his father. Rereading his list of things he wished to do with Wilden, Ian realizes that Barley has been a father figure for him throughout his life and returns to make amends. Barley, refusing to give up, discovers the needed gem inside a fountain across the street from the school and retrieves it, unwittingly triggering the curse Corey spoke of: a stone dragon, built of pieces of the school building, bent on claiming the gem. Corey and Laurel arrive and distract the dragon long enough for Ian to finish casting the visitation spell, but they aren\\'t able to defeat the dragon on their own. Ian runs off to fight it, allowing Barley to wish Wilden a final goodbye. He uses the magic skills he has learned to defeat the dragon by propelling Corey\\'s sword into its heart. Trapped behind a pile of rubble, Ian sees Wilden\\'s body briefly reappearing to talk to Barley. After Wilden dissipates, Barley tells Ian that their father is proud of him, and the brothers share a hug.\nSome time later, as the world begins to rediscover the past\\'s magical arts, the brothers set off on a new quest.","parent_id":"6058bd7942996f64116f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6058bd7942996f64116f:4","document_content":"# Onward (film)\n- Tom Holland as Ian Lightfoot, a teenage elf.\n- Chris Pratt as Barley Lightfoot, Ian\\'s older brother, who longs for a magical quest.\n- Julia Louis-Dreyfus as Laurel Lightfoot, the widowed mother of Ian and Barley\n- Octavia Spencer as \\\"Corey\\\" The Manticore, a manticore who is the proprietor of the Manticore\\'s Tavern.\n- Kyle Bornheimer as Wilden Lightfoot, Ian and Barley\\'s late father. Ian and Barley\\'s objective is to resurrect him for 24 hours.\n- Mel Rodriguez as Colt Bronco, a centaur police officer and Laurel\\'s boyfriend.\n- Lena Waithe as Specter, a cyclops police officer.\n- Ali Wong as Gore, a faun police officer.\n- Grey Griffin as Dewdrop, a pixie and the leader of the Pixie Dusters biker gang.\n- Tracey Ullman as Grecklin, a goblin pawn shop owner.\n- Wilmer Valderrama as Gaxton, an elf and college friend of Wilden.\n- George Psarras as Avel, an elf police officer.\n- John Ratzenberger as Fenwick, a cyclops construction worker.\n\n### Development\nIn July 2017, Pixar announced a \\\"suburban fantasy world\\\" film at the D23 Expo, with Dan Scanlon directing and Kori Rae producing. The film was inspired by the death of Scanlon\\'s father, when he and his older brother were very young children, and their relationship with each other. He decided to write the story after hearing an audio clip of his father. On December 12, 2018, the title was revealed. In 2019, Jason Headley and Keith Bunin were hired to rewrite the screenplay and story.","parent_id":"6058bd7942996f64116f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6058bd7942996f64116f:5","document_content":"# Onward (film)\n### Casting\nOn December 12, 2018, Tom Holland, Chris Pratt, Julia Louis-Dreyfus and Octavia Spencer were announced as starring in the film. While having recorded most of their lines separately, Holland and Pratt had some of their recording sessions together since, according to Scanlon, \\\"they\\'ve worked together before and hung out together.\\\" Rae stated that Holland and Pratt improvised some of their lines while recording together. On December 17, 2019, Ali Wong, Lena Waithe and Mel Rodriguez joined the cast of the film. On February 18, 2020, Wilmer Valderrama, Tracey Ullman, Kyle Bornheimer, and George Psarras were revealed to have voice roles as well, and John Ratzenberger\\'s appearance was officially confirmed.\n\n### Deleted scene\nOne storyboard scene featured Ian, Barley, and Wilden joining with a goat girl in the journey. Ian and the goat girl come across a booth hosted by three evil mermaids. The mermaids sing their mesmerizing song to lure the two into staying in one of three houses put for rent. Ian tries to silence them with the staff but the spell is too weak. When Ian and the goat girl are finally in a trance, the mermaids place them in one of the houses. The house they are in starts to sink into the ground.\nThe goat girl was omitted because the filmmakers wanted the film to focus on the relationship between Ian and Barley. The scene itself was removed because the filmmakers felt it was too grim.\n\n### Animation\nAccording to effects supervisor Vincent Serritella, the animators wanted the spells to be \\\"something that\\'s abstract\\\" but also \\\"personify it\\\", so they \\\"had to converge on the idea of an image of magic, go back to the base level of the sequences and the spells, and what level of complexity would be given, and how it affects the environment\\\". Director Dan Scanlon said that Ian\\'s arc \\\"was helpful to the animators because they could use that for all of the magic we designed\\\". The animators chose to give the film\\'s magic a unique style after studying several animated films featuring magic such as *Fantasia*, *Aladdin*, and *Hercules*. Animators wanted the film\\'s magic to fit with its suburban setting.","parent_id":"6058bd7942996f64116f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6058bd7942996f64116f:6","document_content":"# Onward (film)\n### Animation\nAnimators first developed the film\\'s magic using hand-drawn animated drawings, before turning them into computer-animated effects, with Serritella saying that \\\"they made shapes and graphic elements that really lend themselves to what's happening in a 2D environment\\\". Serritella also said that \\\"the key\\\" was mixing hand-drawn and computer animation, arguing that \\\"going one way or the other didn't work. Going too graphic didn't fit into the world that the background and the characters were created in. And going too physical in an animated world seemed too real\\\", so \\\"they found the right balance\\\" by turning hand-drawn animated graphics into \\\"light objects\\\" and giving them \\\"a true volumetric, glowing atmosphere\\\". He further added that the choreography during the \\\"visitation spell\\\" sequence \\\"came directly from 2D\\\", while the CGI animation and lighting provided \\\"depth perception\\\". The film was completed on November 21, 2019.\n\n### Music\nOn April 16, 2019, Mychael and Jeff Danna, who both previously worked with the studio on *The Good Dinosaur* (2015), were revealed to be the film\\'s composers. On February 12, 2020, Brandi Carlile revealed she recorded the song \\\"Carried Me With You\\\" for the film\\'s end credits, co-written with Phil and Tim Hanseroth. The film\\'s soundtrack was released on February 28, 2020.\n\n### Theatrical\n*Onward* premiered at the 70th Berlin International Film Festival on February 21, 2020 and was theatrically released in the United States on March 6. A short film titled *Playdate with Destiny*, which is centered around Maggie Simpson of *The Simpsons*, appeared before the feature film. As the COVID-19 pandemic appeared to recede, the film was released in Australia and New Zealand on April 24, 2020, South Korea on June 17, 2020, Italy on August 19, 2020, and Japan on August 21, 2020..\nThe movie was also released in 3D, 2D, Dolby Cinema, 4DX and ScreenX worldwide and in IMAX and Dolby Atmos in selected theaters.","parent_id":"6058bd7942996f64116f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6058bd7942996f64116f:7","document_content":"# Onward (film)\n### Home media\n*Onward* was released digitally on the night of March 20, 2020, and became available for Disney+ subscribers on April 3, 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The digital date was just two weeks after the film\\'s theatrical debut and before the end of the usual 90-day theatrical run. The announcement followed Disney\\'s earlier than planned release of *Frozen II* on Disney+ as well as *Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker* on Digital HD in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. Over its first week of home release, the film was the sixth-most watched on Amazon Prime and second-most on the iTunes Store. The film was later released by Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment on DVD, Blu-ray, and Ultra HD Blu-ray on May 19, 2020.\n\n### Box office\n*Onward* grossed \\$61.6 million in the United States and Canada, and \\$79.9 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of \\$141.4 million. The gross of the film was significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, which first reduced movie theater attendance, then forced most to shut down within two weeks of the film\\'s release.\nIn the United States and Canada, the film was released alongside *The Way Back* and the wide expansion of *Emma*, and was projected to gross \\$45--50 million from 4,200 theaters in its opening weekend. The film held early advance screenings on February 29, making \\$650,000 from 470 theaters. It then grossed \\$12.1 million on its first day, the 6th, including \\$2 million from Thursday night previews. The film went on to debut to \\$39.1 million, topping the box office but marking the third-ever lowest start for a Pixar film. While the film remained in first in its second weekend, it dropped 73% to \\$10.5 million (the worst-ever second weekend for a Pixar film), and was part of the lowest grossing box office weekend since October 1998, with all films combining for just \\$55.3 million. In the film\\'s third weekend, due to the mass theater closures around the country, it made \\$71,000 from 135 locations, mostly drive-in theaters.","parent_id":"6058bd7942996f64116f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6058bd7942996f64116f:8","document_content":"# Onward (film)\n### Critical response\nOn Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of based on reviews, with an average rating of . The website\\'s critics consensus reads, \\\"It may suffer in comparison to Pixar\\'s classics, but *Onward* makes effective use of the studio\\'s formula -- and stands on its own merits as a funny, heartwarming, dazzlingly animated adventure.\\\" On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 61 out of 100, based on 56 critics, indicating \\\"generally favorable reviews.\\\" Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of \\\"A--\\\" on an A+ to F scale (tied with *Cars 2* for the lowest score received by a Pixar film), and PostTrak reported filmgoers gave it 4.5 out of 5 stars.\nPeter Bradshaw of *The Guardian* rated the film three out of five stars, and called it \\\"a likable family comedy that finds an easy rhythm without effort,\\\" though he felt that the movie\\'s \\\"attitude towards death\\\" is not as radically powerful as in *Coco*. In a same star review Peter Travers of *Rolling Stone* said \\\"It\\'s no *Toy Story*---but the animation juggernaut\\'s latest, about two elf brothers on a quest, is still worth your while.\\\" Reviewer James Berardinelli praised the film\\'s originality and emotional weight and called it \\\"engaging and enjoyable,\\\" adding \\\"there's something here for everyone,\\\" though concluded it is not the next Disney\/Pixar classic. Ben Travis of *Empire* gave the film five out of five stars, and wrote, \\\"Pixar returns with a great big power-chord of a movie---heart-pumping, resonant, and positively harmonious.\\\"\nRichard Roeper of the *Chicago Sun-Times* called *Onward* a step back for Pixar, giving it two out of four stars. He said, \\\"The story fluctuates between the uninspired and the just plain weird and then gets even weirder.\\\" While he praised the animation and said that the movie \\\"begins with an intriguing premise,\\\" he concluded that it \\\"doesn\\'t come close to fully fleshing out the possibilities.\\\"","parent_id":"6058bd7942996f64116f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6058bd7942996f64116f:9","document_content":"# Onward (film)\n### Year-end lists\n- 1st -- Kyle Smith -- National Review\n- 5th -- Max Evry -- Comingsoon.net\n- 7th -- Johnny Oleksinski -- New York Post\n\n### Accolades\n\\+\n`Year`\n`Award`\n`Category`\n`Recipients`\n`Result`\n`2020`\n`BMI\u00a0Film\u00a0&\u00a0TV\u00a0Awards`\n`Film\u00a0Music`\n`Mychael\u00a0Danna\u00a0and\u00a0Jeff\u00a0Danna`\n`People's\u00a0Choice\u00a0Awards`\n`The\u00a0Family\u00a0Movie\u00a0of\u00a02020`\n*`Onward`*\n`Dublin\u00a0International\u00a0Film\u00a0Festival`\n`Feature\u00a0Film`\n`Hollywood\u00a0Critics\u00a0Association\u00a0Midseason\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Picture`\n`Houston\u00a0Film\u00a0Critics\u00a0Society\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature\u00a0Film`\n`San\u00a0Diego\u00a0Film\u00a0Critics\u00a0Society\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Animated\u00a0Film`\n`St.\u00a0Louis\u00a0Film\u00a0Critics\u00a0Association\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Animated\u00a0Film`\n`2021`\n`Academy\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature`\n`Dan\u00a0Scanlon\u00a0and\u00a0Kori\u00a0Rae`\n`American\u00a0Cinema\u00a0Editors\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Edited\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature\u00a0Film`\n`Catherine\u00a0Apple`\n`Annie\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature`\n`Kori\u00a0Rae`\n`Writing\u00a0in\u00a0an\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature\u00a0Production`\n`Dan\u00a0Scanlon,\u00a0Jason\u00a0Headley\u00a0and\u00a0Keith\u00a0Bunin`\n`Editorial\u00a0in\u00a0an\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature\u00a0Production`\n`Catherine\u00a0Apple,\u00a0Anna\u00a0Wolitzky\u00a0and\u00a0Dave\u00a0Suther`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Achievement\u00a0for\u00a0Character\u00a0Animation\u00a0in\u00a0an\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature\u00a0Production`\n`Shaun\u00a0Chacko\u00a0`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Achievement\u00a0for\u00a0Music\u00a0in\u00a0an\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature\u00a0Production`\n`Mychael\u00a0Danna\u00a0and\u00a0Jeff\u00a0Danna`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Achievement\u00a0for\u00a0Production\u00a0Design\u00a0in\u00a0an\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature\u00a0Production`\n`Noah\u00a0Klocek,\u00a0Sharon\u00a0Calahan,\u00a0Huy\u00a0Nguyen,\u00a0Bert\u00a0Berry\u00a0and\u00a0Paul\u00a0Conrad`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Achievement\u00a0for\u00a0Voice\u00a0Acting\u00a0in\u00a0an\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature\u00a0Production`\n`Tom\u00a0Holland`\n`Art\u00a0Directors\u00a0Guild\u00a0Awards`\n`Excellence\u00a0in\u00a0Production\u00a0Design\u00a0for\u00a0a\u00a0Animated\u00a0Film`\n`Noah\u00a0Klocek`\n`Austin\u00a0Film\u00a0Critics\u00a0Association\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Animated\u00a0Film`\n*`Onward`*\n`British\u00a0Academy\u00a0Film\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Animated\u00a0Film`\n`Dan\u00a0Scanlon\u00a0and\u00a0Kori\u00a0Rae`\n`Cinema\u00a0Audio\u00a0Society\u00a0Awards`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Achievement\u00a0in\u00a0Sound\u00a0Mixing\u00a0for\u00a0a\u00a0Motion\u00a0Picture\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Animated`\n`Vincent\u00a0Caro,\u00a0Doc\u00a0Kane,\u00a0Michael\u00a0Semanick,\u00a0Juan\u00a0Peralta,\u00a0Brad\u00a0Haehnel\u00a0and\u00a0Scott\u00a0Curtis`\n`Critics'\u00a0Choice\u00a0Super\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Animated\u00a0Movie`\n*`Onward`*\n`Best\u00a0Voice\u00a0Actor\u00a0In\u00a0An\u00a0Animated\u00a0Movie`\n`Tom\u00a0Holland`\n`Chris\u00a0Pratt`\n`Best\u00a0Voice\u00a0Actress\u00a0In\u00a0An\u00a0Animated\u00a0Movie`\n`Octavia\u00a0Spencer`","parent_id":"6058bd7942996f64116f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6058bd7942996f64116f:10","document_content":"# Onward (film)\n### Accolades\n`Golden\u00a0Globe\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature\u00a0Film`\n*`Onward`*\n`Grammy\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Song\u00a0Written\u00a0for\u00a0Visual\u00a0Media`\n`\"Carried\u00a0Me\u00a0with\u00a0You\"\u00a0\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Brandi\u00a0Carlile,\u00a0Phil\u00a0Hanseroth\u00a0and\u00a0Tim\u00a0Hanseroth`\n`Hollywood\u00a0Music\u00a0in\u00a0Media\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Original\u00a0Score\u00a0in\u00a0an\u00a0Animated\u00a0Film`\n`Mychael\u00a0Danna\u00a0and\u00a0Jeff\u00a0Danna`\n`Best\u00a0Original\u00a0Song\u00a0in\u00a0an\u00a0Animated\u00a0Film`\n`\"Carried\u00a0Me\u00a0with\u00a0You\"\u00a0\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Brandi\u00a0Carlile,\u00a0Phil\u00a0Hanseroth\u00a0and\u00a0Tim\u00a0Hanseroth`\n`Best\u00a0Soundtrack\u00a0Album`\n*`Onward`*\n`Motion\u00a0Picture\u00a0Sound\u00a0Editors\u00a0Awards`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Achievement\u00a0in\u00a0Sound\u00a0Editing\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Feature\u00a0Animation`\n`Shannon\u00a0Mills,\u00a0Nia\u00a0Hansen,\u00a0Chris\u00a0Gridley,\u00a0Josh\u00a0Gold,\u00a0David\u00a0C.\u00a0Hughes,\u00a0Samson\u00a0Neslund,\u00a0Kimberly\u00a0Patrick,\u00a0Christopher\u00a0Flick,\u00a0Steve\u00a0Orlando,\u00a0Erich\u00a0Stratmann,\u00a0Shelley\u00a0Roden\u00a0and\u00a0John\u00a0Roesch`\n`Nickelodeon\u00a0Kids'\u00a0Choice\u00a0Awards`\n`Favorite\u00a0Animated\u00a0Movie`\n*`Onward`*\n`Favorite\u00a0Voice\u00a0from\u00a0an\u00a0Animated\u00a0Movie`\n`Chris\u00a0Pratt`\n`Saturn\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Animated\u00a0Film`\n*`Onward`*\n`Visual\u00a0Effects\u00a0Society\u00a0Awards`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Visual\u00a0Effects\u00a0in\u00a0an\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature`\n`Dan\u00a0Scanlon,\u00a0Kori\u00a0Rae,\u00a0Sanjay\u00a0Bakshi\u00a0and\u00a0Vincent\u00a0Serritella`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Animated\u00a0Character\u00a0in\u00a0an\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature`\n`Kristopher\u00a0Campbell,\u00a0Jonas\u00a0Jarvers,\u00a0Rob\u00a0Jensen\u00a0and\u00a0Jacob\u00a0Kuenzel\u00a0`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Created\u00a0Environment\u00a0in\u00a0an\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature\u00a0`\n`Eric\u00a0Andraos,\u00a0Laura\u00a0Grieve,\u00a0Nick\u00a0Pitera\u00a0and\u00a0Michael\u00a0Rutter\u00a0`\n`Outstanding\u00a0Effects\u00a0Simulations\u00a0in\u00a0an\u00a0Animated\u00a0Feature`\n`Dave\u00a0Hale,\u00a0Jonah\u00a0Blue\u00a0Laird,\u00a0Stephen\u00a0Marshall\u00a0and\u00a0Ricardo\u00a0Nadu`","parent_id":"6058bd7942996f64116f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6058bd7942996f64116f:11","document_content":"# Onward (film)\n### Ban and censorship\nThe film was banned in the Arab countries of Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, and Saudi Arabia, as one female cyclops police officer character in the film named Specter (voiced by Lena Waithe) briefly indicates that she is a lesbian. The scene in question is a brief scene in which a simulacrum of Colt Bronco is lamenting about how Ian and Barley Lightfoot do not respect him as a father figure. Specter replies to him by saying, \\\"It\\'s not easy being a new parent---my girlfriend\\'s daughter got me pulling my hair out, okay?\\\" Homosexual acts are criminalized in the four countries, which are predominantly Muslim, although Kuwait does not criminalize female homosexual acts. The ban is not universal, and the film was screened in Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates, Lebanon, and Egypt, albeit the line was changed in the Arabic-language dubbing to \\\"my sister\\'s daughter\\\".\nIn Russia, where the gay propaganda law officially criminalizes the dissemination of LGBT-related content to minors under 18, the Russian dub, handled by Disney Character Voices International, changed the line to \\\"It\\'s not easy being a new parent---my partner\\'s daughter got me pulling my hair out, okay?\\\" The Russian dub also avoided referring to Specter with gender-specific pronouns. The scene was also changed in Poland and Hungary.\nIn January 2020, San Francisco tattoo artist Sweet Cicely Daniher filed a copyright lawsuit against Disney, Pixar, and *Onward* producer Kori Rae. In September 2018, Pixar rented Daniher\\'s \\\"Vanicorn,\\\" a van decorated with a unicorn-themed mural, for use at the LA Auto Show in 2019. She learned about the production of *Onward* in May 2019 and, after seeing images of the van used by Ian and Barley Lightfoot in the film, came to believe that Pixar had copied the design of the Vanicorn in violation of her rental agreement with the company, as well as the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, the Visual Artists Rights Act, and the California Artists Protection Act. She sought in her suit to prohibit distribution of the film and any infringing advertisement or merchandise.","parent_id":"6058bd7942996f64116f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"bc29df887aa615cd077b:0","document_content":"# Requiem for Billy the Kid\n***Requiem for Billy the Kid*** () is a 2006 French documentary biographical western film directed by Anne Feinsilber and starring Kris Kristofferson and Arthur H as Billy the Kid. It was released at the 2006 Cannes Film Festival.","parent_id":"bc29df887aa615cd077b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"95fa7d251012254f0dca:0","document_content":"# Pati Patni Aur Woh (2019 film)\n***Pati Patni Aur Woh*** () is a 2019 Indian Hindi language romantic comedy film written and directed by Mudassar Aziz with production by T-Series and B. R. Studios, being a remake of the 1978 film of the same title. Made on a total budget of 28 Crore, the film stars Kartik Aaryan, Bhumi Pednekar and Ananya Panday with Kriti Sanon in special appearance.\nPrincipal photography of the film begun in February 2019. It was released theatrically on 6 December 2019, and became a commercial success with a worldwide gross of 119 Crore.\nAbhinav \\\"Chintu\\\" Kumar Tyagi is an ordinary middle-class man from Kanpur, and a government engineer in the Public Works Department (PWD). He has been married to Vedika Tripathi, a physics teacher from Lucknow. Chintu is happy but is harassed by his controlling parents for not planning a child, and by Vedika, who wants to move to a big city.\nBored in his day-to-day life, Chintu finds comfort in Tapasya Singh, an aspiring fashion designer from Delhi, who is related to his boss and came to select a plot for starting her fashion business. Tapasya is much more attractive than Vedika. Chintu finds himself drawn toward her and decides to enjoy his life. He lies to her that Vedika is having an affair with Rakesh Yadav, who is actually a student in her class besotted with her.\nChintu goes on dates with Tapasya and though he tries to avoid Vedika, she finally sees the two of them together one day. However, she keeps the secret of his infidelity to herself and listens as he lies to her. Vedika attends her cousin Kanupriya\\'s wedding, where she meets ex-boyfriend Durgesh \\\"Doga\\\" Kanojia, a local bad boy whom she had left for Chintu. The two resolve to leave the country and shift to Canada. Meanwhile, Chintu goes to Tapasya\\'s home in Delhi and meets her friends. They go to a nightclub and party; she seduces a drunken Chintu and is ready to kiss him, but Chintu is held by his conscience.","parent_id":"95fa7d251012254f0dca","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"95fa7d251012254f0dca:1","document_content":"# Pati Patni Aur Woh (2019 film)\nChintu realises he has wronged Vedika, but it is too late, as she tells him she is leaving him and knows of his infidelity. Chintu realises how much he loves her. Distraught, he visits Vedika\\'s parents with his best friend Fahim, but her parents give them her letter, wherein she states that she is eloping with Doga. At Doga\\'s travel agency, Chintu and Fahim are roughed up by Doga\\'s henchmen. When he visits Tapasya at her home and warns her that she cannot take Vedika\\'s place, she asks him why he chooses to remain unhappy when she is there for him. Working himself up in a fit of rage while drunk, he smashes Doga\\'s shop and is arrested but Fahim pays for his bail.\nOne morning, Rakesh arrives with Fahim to find a depressed Chintu at home and informs him that Vedika is departing to Canada for good. The three rush to the Lucknow airport, with Chintu\\'s family and police in hot pursuit. At the airport, Chintu finds Vedika, Tapasya and Doga. Tapasya spares him, saying that she will not slap him no matter how much she wants to because he did not get intimate with her while in Delhi. He finds out that it is Doga who is going to Canada and that this was Doga\\'s plan to make him realise Vedika\\'s worth. Vedika forgives him and they reconcile.\nEventually another girl, Neha Khanna, enters his office; he initially stares at her but restrains himself. As she goes out the door, he calls out her name while she calls him a \\'weirdo\\' to herself.","parent_id":"95fa7d251012254f0dca","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"95fa7d251012254f0dca:2","document_content":"# Pati Patni Aur Woh (2019 film)\n- Kartik Aaryan as Abhinav \\\"Chintu\\\" Kumar Tyagi\n- Bhumi Pednekar as Vedika \\\"Guddi\\\" Tripathi Tyagi\n- Ananya Panday as Tapasya Singh\n- Aparshakti Khurana as Fahim Abdul Rizvi\n- K. K. Raina as Professor Arvind Kumar Tyagi\n- Rajesh Sharma as Prem Tripathi\n- Navni Parihar as Kusum Tyagi\n- Geeta Agarwal Sharma as Hemlata Tripathi\n- Neeraj Sood as Baldev Raj Pandey \/ \\\"*Mausaji*\\\"\n- Shubham Kumar as Rakesh Yadav\n- Manu Rishi Chaddha as Inspector Mukhtar Singh\n\n### Special appearances\n- Jimmy Sheirgill as Narrator (Voiceover)\n- Sunny Singh as Durgesh \\\"Doga\\\" Verma\n- Kriti Sanon as Neha Khanna\nThe music is composed by Tanishk Bagchi, Rochak Kohli, Sachet--Parampara, Tony Kakkar and Lijo George -- DJ Chetas with, lyrics written by Kumaar, Mellow D, Tony Kakkar, Tanishk Bagchi, Navi Ferozpurwala and Shabbir Ahmed.\nTony Kakkar\\'s song \\\"Dheeme Dheeme\\\", originally released in May 2019, was recreated by Tanishk Bagchi with a party beat and additional vocals from Neha Kakkar.\nThe second song \\\"Ankhiyon Se Goli Maare\\\" from the film *Dulhe Raja*, originally sung by popular singers Sonu Nigam and Jaspinder Narula, composed by Anand--Milind and written by Sameer Anjaan was recreated for the film twice -- once by Tanishk Bagchi and then by DJ Chetas.\nThe film earned 103.44 crore in whole India and 14.26 crore overseas, for a worldwide collection of 117.70 crore .\nFor her performance, Ananya Panday won a Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut in February 2020. Later in 2020, Kartik Aaryan was awarded with the Zee Cine Award for Best Actor in a Comic Role.","parent_id":"95fa7d251012254f0dca","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1a5c8c67d62977e3e2b0:0","document_content":"# The Surrounding Game\n***The Surrounding Game*** is a 2017 documentary about the game of Go.\nThe film was directed by Will Lockhart and Cole Pruitt, who conceived of the project at Brown University. Lockhart and Pruitt also founded the American Collegiate Go Association. *The Surrounding Game* follows the tournament played to establish America\\'s first professional Go player. It was filmed over the course of a four-year period in several countries, following the paths of several players in the tournament:\n- Andy Liu, the tournament\\'s eventual winner and first American professional player\n- Ben Lockhart, director Will Lockhart\\'s brother, an expat American studying go in Korea\n- Curtis Tang, a child prodigy\n- Gansheng Shi, a Canadian Go player and second American Go professional\nThe film also features Go Seigen in a short segment filmed only a year or so before his death.","parent_id":"1a5c8c67d62977e3e2b0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d609a59ca28f1e2d9b18:0","document_content":"# Bala (2019 film)\n***Bala*** is a 2019 Hindi-language satirical black comedy film directed by Amar Kaushik, written by Niren Bhatt, co-written by Ravi Muppa, and produced by Dinesh Vijan, based on an original story by Bengali film director Pavel Bhattacharjee. Ayushmann Khurrana stars as the titular character, Balmukund Shukla, a young man living in Kanpur who is suffering from male pattern baldness, and the story is about his lack of confidence and societal pressure that comes with premature balding. Another theme in the film is colourism. Bhumi Pednekar, Yami Gautam, Javed Jaffrey, Saurabh Shukla, and Seema Pahwa feature in supporting roles.\nPrincipal photography began on 6 May 2019 in Kanpur and the film was also shot in Mumbai and Lucknow. The soundtrack was composed by Sachin--Jigar; the film released in preview shows on 7 November 2019 and Indian theatres on the following day. Made on a budget of , *Bala* received generally positive reviews from critics, and it grossed worldwide. Later, it earned 3 nominations at the 65th Filmfare Awards -- Best Actor for Khurrana, Best Supporting Actress for Pahwa, and Best Dialogue for Bhatt. The film was showcased in Indo-German Filmweek 2020 in Berlin on 27 September 2020.\nThe film opens in Kanpur in 2005, where 14-year-old students tease a bald teacher. Balmukund \\\"Bala\\\" Shukla, a popular kid who carries much pride for his hairstyle, leads the teasing of the teacher. Bala borrows notes from the studious and dark-complexioned Latika Trivedi who was good in studies and passes them off as his own to the fair-skinned Shruti to impress her by pasting a new sticker bearing his name above Latika\\'s notebook. When Latika calls him out and open up the sticker in front of Shruti, Bala berates her for being dark-skinned. The narrator describes how society values beauty and fair skin over other accomplishments, especially in marriage.","parent_id":"d609a59ca28f1e2d9b18","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d609a59ca28f1e2d9b18:1","document_content":"# Bala (2019 film)\n14 years later, Bala is a balding man in his late twenties who struggles with his premature baldness. He is a fairness cream salesman by day and nightclub comic by night. One day, Bala angrily lashes out at his bald father Hari, who is a *ghar jamai*, that the father\\'s balding genes have killed the son\\'s prospects. Hari presents him with a wig and explains that baldness is external and need not have anything to do with one\\'s accomplishments. Bala dons the wig and resumes his work with new vigor. He finally meets his crush, a pretty, fair-skinned model, Pari Mishra, and courts her. They decide to marry. Some days before the wedding, Bala is stricken by conscience and sends her a text disclosing his baldness. Unbeknownst to him, the text accidentally goes to someone else and Pari does not see it. Bala assumes she has accepted his baldness and they marry.\nLatika has her share of troubles. Many boys and families come to see her but reject her because of her dark skin. Among these prospective suitors is Rohan, an Australia-settled NRI who is attracted to Latika but the meeting blows over when his mother mentions Latika\\'s complexion and Latika storms out. Rohan asks to meet her and they reconcile until he mentions he was initially attracted to her due to her Instagram profile. Latika reveals that she is not on Instagram, and it is revealed that Bala had created a fake profile with airbrushed pictures of her at her aunt\\'s behest.\nFuming, Latika storms into Bala\\'s home the day after his wedding and shouts at him. She says she is not ashamed of her skin and warns him not to interfere in her life anymore. Pari hears this, discovers Bala\\'s baldness, and walks out on him. Bala is dejected. Bala visits her to talk it over. Pari reveals that she was blessed with good looks but not much else. She knew she was a below-average student and thus could not enter any other profession besides modeling. Her looks are all she has: they are the source of the attention she\\'s received all her life and the source of her livelihood. He later receives a court notice: Pari wants the marriage annulled.","parent_id":"d609a59ca28f1e2d9b18","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d609a59ca28f1e2d9b18:2","document_content":"# Bala (2019 film)\nLatika apologizes to Bala, as her outburst broke his marriage. Bala engages her as his lawyer and the court case begins. Latika cross-examines Pari, who accepts she married Bala because of his wits and charm. She also accepts that Bala did not mislead or defraud her but points out that Bala was not forthcoming about his baldness, claiming that if he isn\\'t comfortable with himself, he can\\'t sustain anyone else. Pari's lawyer moves that Pari has a right to want to annul the marriage regardless. Bala interrupts the proceedings and agrees that Pari does have that right and the judge orders such. When Latika questions him later, Bala explains that the law cannot compel anyone to love another, and a half-hearted marriage will not work anyway.\nLater, during one of his fair-cream sales events, Bala realizes that beauty is merely skin-deep. He publicly sheds his wig to show that self-love is important irrespective of appearance. He also realizes that he has fallen in love with Latika and runs to propose to her but sees that Rohan and his family have come to finalize the wedding. He proposes to Latika, but is disheartened when she rejects his proposal, though they are able to resume their friendship.\nThe film ends with Bala, now at peace with his baldness, doing a new comedy routine about skin-deep beauty and the meaning of life.\n\n### Casting\nThe cast of the film was announced by producer Dinesh Vijan. The film, directed by Amar Kaushik, was publicized to star Ayushmann Khurrana in the titular role, Yami Gautam as a model based in Lucknow and Bhumi Pednekar as a dusky small town educated woman.\n\n### Filming\nPrincipal photography began on 6 May 2019, and film was shot in Mumbai, Lucknow and Kanpur. Filming concluded on 7 July 2019, with a special party for the wrap up.","parent_id":"d609a59ca28f1e2d9b18","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d609a59ca28f1e2d9b18:3","document_content":"# Bala (2019 film)\n### Filming\nThe music and background score is composed by Sachin--Jigar, with guest composers Jaani and B Praak composing the song \\\"Naah Goriye\\\" which is a recreated version of the song \\\"Naah\\\" by the same artists released in 2017 while lyrics have been written by Mellow D, Jaani, Badshah, Priya Saraiya, Jigar Saraiya and Bhargav Purohit, a debutante. Vocals were provided by Saraiya, Badshah, Shalmali Kholgade, Gurdeep Mehndi, Divya Kumar, Asees Kaur, Jubin Nautiyal, Papon, Harrdy Sandhu and Swasti Mehul, thus marking the second instance after *Dum Laga Ke Haisha* to not have Ayushmann Khurrana sing for any of his films.\nThe song \\\"Don\\'t Be Shy Again\\\" is from an original track of the same title from the album \\'Rouge\\' by Rouge, composed by Dr Zeus and written by Lola Olafis. This is the second time the song is being recreated after 2015\\'s film *Alone* which was titled \\'Touch My Body\\', sung by Aditi Singh Sharma and picturised on Bipasha Basu.\nThe theme poster of *Bala* was released on 27 May giving release date.\nWith the release of theatrical poster the release date was changed, the film was released in preview shows on 7 November 2019 and theatrically released in India on 8 November 2019.\nAfter the trailer of the film was released, it was accused of copyright violation from the makers of *Ujda Chaman*, which also has a storyline similar to *Bala*. *Ujda Chaman* is an official remake of Kannada film *Ondu Motteya Kathe*.\nOn release of its first song \\\"Don\\'t Be Shy\\\", music composer-singer Dr Zeus claimed that the makers have used his track without giving due credit and acquiring any sort of rights.\n\n### Critical response\n*Bala* received generally positive reviews from critics with praise for the performances and the film\\'s narrative.","parent_id":"d609a59ca28f1e2d9b18","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d609a59ca28f1e2d9b18:4","document_content":"# Bala (2019 film)\n### Critical response\n*Bollywood Hungama* gave 3.5 out of 5 and said, \\\"*Bala* not only entertains thoroughly but also delivers a very important message that will surely be lapped up by the audiences.\\\" Ronak Kotecha of The Times of India rated the movie 4 stars on five and wrote, \\\"\\'Bala\\' remains a light-hearted comedy with situations that are relatable. Just like the film\\'s message, \\'Bala\\' is beautiful even with its flaws, and never fails to entertain.\\\" Monika Rawal Kukreja of *Hindustan Times* reviewed, \\\"Bala is a well-made film that stays true to its genre for most of the time. It makes right jokes at the time and leaves you in stitches more often that you'd expect.\\\"\nKennith Rosario of *The Hindu* said, \\\"A hollow film combed over with humour.\\\" India Today rated the movie 4 on 5 and said, \\\"King Midas Ayushmann Khurrana delivers another blockbuster.\\\" News18 rated the movie 3 on 5 and said, \\\"Bala could have been a crackerjack of a film but allows the novelty of its premise to wear out too easily. Bala, Kanpur's \"edible young man\" (sic), certainly gets your attention, but does not manage to sweep you off your feet.\\\"\n\n### Box office\n*Bala*s opening day domestic collection was 10.15 crore. On the second day, the film collected 15.73 crore. On the third day, the film collected 18.07 crore, taking total opening weekend collection to 439.5\u00a0million.\n, the film grossed 139.02 crore in India and 32.43 crore overseas for a worldwide gross of 171.5\u00a0crore.\n- Kubja, referenced several times in the film","parent_id":"d609a59ca28f1e2d9b18","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7ce19f9a48354214650d:0","document_content":"# Dragon Rider (film)\n***Dragon Rider*** (), also known as ***Firedrake the Silver Dragon*** by Netflix, is a 2020 Belgian-German 3D computer-animated fantasy film; while officially based on the novel of the same name by Cornelia Funke, the film takes influence from the *How to Train Your Dragon* series by Cressida Cowell, with its visuals and marketing based on that of the DreamWorks franchise. The film was due to be released in theatres on 6 August 2020, but due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the film release was postponed until 1 October 2020.\nNetflix acquired global distribution rights to the film and is scheduled for a 10 September 2021 release on the streaming platform.\nFiredrake is a young silver dragon, who has had enough of constantly having to hide in a wooded valley. He wants to show the older generations of dragons that he is a real dragon. When humans are about to destroy his family\\'s very last refuge, Firedrake secretly sets off on an adventurous journey with forest brownie, Sorrel. He wants to find the \\\"Rim of Heaven\\\", the dragons\\' mysterious haven. On their quest Firedrake and Sorrel encounter Ben, an orphan and stray, who claims to be a dragon rider. While Ben and Firedrake make friends quickly, Sorrel becomes increasingly distrustful and tries her best to get rid of the orphan at every opportunity. But the unlikely trio have to learn to pull together, because they are being hunted by Nettlebrand, an evil, dragon-eating monster which was created by an alchemist with the aim of tracking down and destroying every dragon on Earth.\n- Thomas Brodie-Sangster as Firedrake\n- Felicity Jones as Sorrell\n- Freddie Highmore as Ben\n- Patrick Stewart as Nettlebrand\n- Jimmy Hibbert as Twigleg\n- Alex Norton as Gravelbeard\n- Nonso Anozie as Mighty Djinn\n- Meera Syal as Subisha Gulab\n- Sanjeev Bhaskar as Mad Doc\nIt was announced in June 2017 that production had begun on an animated adaptation of Cornelia Funke\\'s novel. German-based VFX studio RISE co-produced the film and provided the animation.\nThe film is a German-Belgian co-production. The animations were created in Rise FX South Studios and Cyborn Studios. The production work took place in Berlin , Munich and Antwerp.","parent_id":"7ce19f9a48354214650d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7ce19f9a48354214650d:1","document_content":"# Dragon Rider (film)\nIn May 2018, the castings of Felicity Jones, Patrick Stewart, Freddie Highmore, Thomas Brodie-Sangster, Nonso Anozie, Meera Syal and Sanjeev Bhaskar were announced.\n\n### Box office\n*Dragon Rider* has earned \\$6,385,553 at the global box office.\n\n### Critical response\nOn Rotten Tomatoes the film has an approval rating of based on reviews with an average rating of .\nRobbie Collin of *The Daily Telegraph* gave it 3 out of 5. Collin said the film borrows heavily from other recent films and wrote: \\\"*Dragon Rider* is unlikely to spawn many imitators of its own---even if it did, how could anyone tell?---but as a half-term diversion, it ticks every box.\\\" Cath Clarke of *The Guardian* gave it 3 out of 5 and called it a \\\"bland but entertaining family film\\\".","parent_id":"7ce19f9a48354214650d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f347f767d65ef5dfc9ca:0","document_content":"# Walk with Me (2019 film)\n***Walk with Me*** (Chinese: \u53cc\u9b42, literally *Double Soul*) is a 2019 Malaysia-Hong Kong Cantonese-language horror thriller film. The film tells the story of a woman who is started to be haunted by her childhood doll, a doll that will help her take revenge on her enemies.\nIt is released on 21 November 2019 in Singapore, 3 October 2019 in Malaysia, and on 22 August 2019 in Hong Kong.\nSam works in a sewing factory and lives with her uncaring parents, and when growing up she counts on to her favorite doll. Due to her introverted nature, she is bullied by her colleagues in her factory workplace, and is possibly sexually assaulted by her manager. Sam began to feel that there was a little girl or doll with her in the house and everywhere she went. She felt the doll was a reincarnation of her late stillborn brother. Unable to bear these pressure anymore, she resorts to asking the strange doll for help dealing with the bullies. When death happens, she fears that the doll might be responsible.\n- Michelle Wai\n- Alex Lam Tak Shun\n- Anna Ng\n- Richard Ng\n- Qi Yuwu","parent_id":"f347f767d65ef5dfc9ca","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cda0607b10e2edae4004:0","document_content":"# Kanpuriye\n***Kanpuriye*** is a 2019 Indian Hindi-language anthology film directed by Ashish Aryan, produced and bankrolled by Yoodlee films, film division of Saregama with Aparshakti Khurana, Divyenndu, Harsh Mayar, Vijay Raaz, Rajshri Deshpande and Harshita Gaur. It was released on Hotstar on 25 October 2019.\nThe film follows three Kanpur locals each trying to achieve something in life. Jaitun (Aparshakti) works in a leather factory dreaming to marry love of his life Bulbul (Harshita). Jagnu (Harsh) caught in between his dream and his father\\'s plan for him. Vijay (Divyenndu) a fresh law graduate who was unable to pursue his dream job because of impending Court case.\n- Aparshakti Khurana as Jaitun Mishra\n- Divyendu Sharma as Vijay Dinanath Chauhan\n- Harsh Mayar as Jugnu Lampat\n- Vijay Raaz as Lampat Harami\n- Rajshri Deshpande as Kohinoor\n- Harshita Gaur as Bulbul Tiwari\n- Bhupesh Pandya as Peshkar\n- Vani Sood as Prem Kumari\n- Chittaranjan Tripathy as Mohan Mishra\nThe development of the film started in 2018. Casting was carried in December 2018 various supporting characters. Filming started in early February 2019 with Aparshakti Khurana and Divyenndu.\nTrailer of the film was released on 23 October 2019. The film released on Hotstar under Hotstar Specials label on October 25, 2019.","parent_id":"cda0607b10e2edae4004","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"160508b58dd121c050a7:0","document_content":"# His Master's Voice (2018 film)\n***His Master\\'s Voice*** (, ) is a 2018 Hungarian science fiction film by Gy\u00f6rgy P\u00e1lfi loosely based on the novel *His Master\\'s Voice* by Polish science fiction writer Stanis\u0142aw Lem.\nThe film follows a man who thinks he saw his father in a documentary about a mysterious incident in Colorado, around which a conspiracy theory had been formed. He embarks on the search of his father, who had fled Communist Hungary years ago. Eventually he finds his father, now a well-off university professor with a new family, but whose life is still affected by his previous work to decode the \\\"message from space\\\".\nThe film was backed by a \\$2.54 million grant from the Hungarian National Film Fund. While the majority of filming was in Hungary, *His Master\\'s Voice* was also shot in various locations around Ottawa, Canada. The film has elements of mockumentary, featuring shots with outdated cameras and formats.\n*His Master\\'s Voice* premiered at the 2018 Tokyo International Film Festival. At the 2019 Fantasporto International Film Festival, the film received the prize for the Best Visual Effects.","parent_id":"160508b58dd121c050a7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7d5aba55e4058755dfdd:0","document_content":"# Marudhar Express (film)\n***Marudhar Express*** is a 2019 Indian romantic comedy film directed by Vishal Mishra. The film stars Kunaal Roy Kapur, Tara Alisha Berry and Rajesh Sharma. The film is set and shot in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh.\nThe film has an eccentric proposition, it\\'s a story about an arranged marriage couple who comes under the pressure of childbirth right after they are wedded. The film is loaded with humour, emotions and the reality of certain struggles faced after marriage.\nThe film was earlier titled as, Hum Dono Honge Kaamyaab. The film released in cinemas on 5th July 2019.\n\n## Synopsis\nMarudhar (Kunaal Roy Kapur) is the son of his tyrant father, Ashok Pandey (Rajesh Sharma). Straight as an arrow and boring as an oyster, Marudhar trudges along in his life, one hopeless day after the other. But Ashok has marriage plans for him and he won\\'t have no for an answer. What follows is a comedy of ridiculous proportions as Marudhar marries the sweet and pretty Chitra (Tara Alisha Berry) from Lucknow. With no experience in dealing with women, let alone a wife, Marudhar embarks on an emotional and equally hilarious journey as he tries to find his feet amidst love, life and family.\n- Kunaal Roy Kapur as Marudhar\n- Tara Alisha Berry as Chitra\n- Rajesh Sharma as Marudhar\\'s father, Ashok Pandey\nThe music was composed by Jeet Gannguli and Shamir Tandon with lyrics written by Manoj Muntashir, Rashmi Virag, Vishal Mishra and Sameer Anjaan.","parent_id":"7d5aba55e4058755dfdd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"03b013cc50f26a1f7cd5:0","document_content":"# The Lost Expedition\n***The Lost Expedition*** () is a 1975 Soviet drama film directed by Venyamin Dorman.\nThe film takes place in 1918. The expedition, consisting of two people engaged in the search for gold deposits, goes to Siberia. Soon local residents join them. Some really want to help them, others pursue selfish goals.\n- Viktor Sergachyov as Yefim Subbota\n- Yevgeniya Simonova as Tasya Smelkova\n- Nikolay Gorlov as Usaty\n- Nikolai Grinko as the professor, Tasya\\'s father\n- Anatoly Kalabulin as Proshka\n- Alexander Kaidanovsky as Zimin\n- Yuriy Kayurov as Volzhin\n- Lev Prygunov as Alexey Kazankov\n- Vakhtang Kikabidze as Arsen Georgievich Kabakhidze\n- Georgy Martirosyan as episode\n- Nikolay Olyalin as gold digger Silantiy\n- Radner Muratov as Akhmetka\n- Vadim Zakharchenko as Khariton","parent_id":"03b013cc50f26a1f7cd5","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1393d04a5f5d7a451b84:0","document_content":"# The Map of Tiny Perfect Things\n***The Map of Tiny Perfect Things*** is a 2021 American science fiction romantic comedy film directed by Ian Samuels, from a screenplay by Lev Grossman, based on his 2016 short story of the same name. It stars Kathryn Newton and Kyle Allen as two teenagers stuck in a time loop.\nThe film was released through Amazon Prime Video on February 12, 2021. It received positive reviews from critics and was nominated for the Critics\\' Choice Award for Best Movie Made for Television.\nMark, a teenage boy, has been stuck in a time loop, repeating the same day over and over again. After many iterations of the loop, Mark has perfected several routines and is able to aid other people by anticipating their movements. Developing a crush on a girl he gives directions to, Mark goes to the community pool to meet her again, saving her from being knocked into the pool by a beach ball. However, his efforts to spend more time with her are constantly frustrated. One day, while Mark is waiting to save the girl from the beach ball, another girl, Margaret, unexpectedly intervenes. Mark tracks her down and discovers that she is also living in the same time loop.\nMark and Margaret spend time together. Mark tells her about his desire to go to art school, and his father quitting his job to write a book on the Civil War; she talks about her dream of working as a mission specialist for NASA, and how she has been looking for a missing dog. They become close. Mark brings up possible ways they could break the time loop, but Margaret is not interested in trying to escape it. Every evening she hurries off after receiving a text from a medical student named Jared.","parent_id":"1393d04a5f5d7a451b84","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1393d04a5f5d7a451b84:1","document_content":"# The Map of Tiny Perfect Things\nMark and Margaret decide to look for moments of perfect beauty during the day; Mark conjectures that they might escape the time loop after finding all of them. To cheer Margaret up, Mark creates a mock-up of Tranquility Base in the school gym for her. Later, at his room, she sees a map he has created of the perfect moments. Mark leans in to kiss her, but she avoids the kiss, saying she doesn't want to be more than friends. The next day, when his dad comes to talk to him about his future, Mark calls him hypocritical for chasing his own dreams while thwarting Mark\\'s. After talking to his sister Emma, Mark learns their dad didn\\'t quit his job, but was fired and was too ashamed to reveal it.\nMark suggests to Margaret that they might be able to break the loop if they go far away. They buy tickets to Tokyo, but Margaret leaves the plane before takeoff. When the plane crosses the International Date Line, Mark wakes up in his bedroom, realizing the plan didn\\'t work. He decides to focus on others in the next loop. He invites his father to tell him about the Civil War, and attends Emma\\'s soccer game, where she scores a goal that she did not score in the loops when he was not there. While attempting a skateboarding trick, Mark injures himself and is taken to the hospital. There, he sees Margaret visiting her mother, who is dying of cancer. Mark realizes that he isn\\'t the center of this story, but rather Margaret is.\nMargaret wakes up and manages to find the lost dog she has been searching for. She then has a conversation with Mark\\'s friend Henry, whom Mark has repeatedly confided in about the time loop. After helping Henry win his video game, Margaret has an epiphany. She creates a three-dimensional model of the times and places of the perfect moments using string. The shadow cast by the model creates an image of a four-dimensional cube, with a single vertex missing. She determines that the final event will occur at 7:00 PM at the pool.","parent_id":"1393d04a5f5d7a451b84","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1393d04a5f5d7a451b84:2","document_content":"# The Map of Tiny Perfect Things\nMargaret finds Mark sitting alone at the pool and explains that she is responsible for the time loop: this was the last day her mother is alive, and she was not willing to move past it. But she now believes that Mark was caught up in the loop too in order to allow her someone to move on with. The two of them kiss.\nMargaret goes to the hospital and says goodbye to her mother for a final time. She and Mark go outside. At midnight it begins to rain, signalling that the loop has been broken. The next morning they finally return the missing dog.\nIn September 2019, it was announced Ian Samuels would direct the film, from a screenplay by Lev Grossman based upon his short story of the same name, with Akiva Goldsman producing the film under his Weed Road Pictures banner, alongside FilmNation Entertainment. In February 2020, Kathryn Newton, Kyle Allen, Jermaine Harris, Anna Mikami, Josh Hamilton and Cleo Fraser joined the cast of the film, with Amazon Studios distributing.\nPrincipal photography began in February 2020. Filming took place in Fairhope and Mobile, Alabama.\n\n### Critical Response\nOn review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 77% based on 66 critic reviews, with an average of 6.4\/10. The website\\'s critics consensus states, \\\"Its characters\\' time-loop journey is a little bumpy and fairly familiar, but heartfelt charm and likeable leads make *A Map of Tiny Perfect Things* worth following.\\\" On Metacritic, it has a weighted average score of 61 out of 100, based on 16 critic reviews, indicating \\\"generally favorable reviews\\\".\n\n### Accolades\n`Year`\n`Award`\n`Category`\n`Recipient(s)`\n`Result`\n`2021`\n`Golden\u00a0Trailer\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Music\u00a0`\n*`The Map of Tiny Perfect Things`*`,\u00a0\"Love\u00a0Story\",\u00a0Prime\u00a0Video,\u00a0Tiny\u00a0Hero`\n`Best\u00a0Romance`\n*`The Map of Tiny Perfect Things`*`,\u00a0\"Love\u00a0Story\",\u00a0Prime\u00a0Video,\u00a0Tiny\u00a0Hero`\n`Best\u00a0BTS\/EPK\u00a0for\u00a0a\u00a0Feature\u00a0Film\u00a0(Under\u00a02\u00a0minutes)`\n*`The Map of Tiny Perfect Things`*`,\u00a0Behind\u00a0the\u00a0Scenes,\u00a0Prime\u00a0Video,\u00a0Tiny\u00a0Hero`\n`2022`\n`Critics'\u00a0Choice\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0Movie\u00a0Made\u00a0for\u00a0Television`\n*`The Map of Tiny Perfect Things`*`\u00a0(Prime\u00a0Video)`","parent_id":"1393d04a5f5d7a451b84","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1393d04a5f5d7a451b84:3","document_content":"# The Map of Tiny Perfect Things\n### Accolades\n- List of films featuring time loops","parent_id":"1393d04a5f5d7a451b84","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a20dd529bbcfaa53db40:0","document_content":"# Playdate with Destiny\n***Maggie Simpson in \\\"Playdate with Destiny\\\"*** is a 2020 American animated short film based on the animated television series *The Simpsons*. The film features Maggie Simpson.\nThe film premiered on February 29, 2020, attached to advance screenings of the Disney\/Pixar release *Onward*, with its general rollout on March 6, 2020. It is the third *Simpsons* film made for theatrical release, after *The Simpsons Movie* (2007) and *The Longest Daycare* (2012). The short was released on April 10, 2020 on Disney+.\nMaggie Simpson is taken to a playground by Marge. When another baby goes down the slide and almost crashes into her, she is saved by a boy named Hudson. Maggie becomes smitten with Hudson, and that\\'s when the two play games together, which Maggie fantasizes as a whirlwind romance. At the end of the day, Maggie gives Hudson her blue bow to remember her by, and that night, she dreams about Hudson in her sleep.\nThe next day, Homer looks after Maggie instead of Marge, and decides he takes her to a different park with food trucks. Maggie sees Hudson waiting for her in the adjacent park, and desperately tries to get his attention, but fails when Homer pulls her away before she can. That night, Maggie drowns her sorrows in baby formula and becomes despondent over not being able to see Hudson.\nThe next day, Homer babysits Maggie again. Before he can take her to the same park as the day before, Maggie grabs hold of the car\\'s steering wheel and steers it into the park where she met Hudson. She sees him boarding a train for children and runs across the park to catch up with him.","parent_id":"a20dd529bbcfaa53db40","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a20dd529bbcfaa53db40:1","document_content":"# Playdate with Destiny\nWhen Hudson sees Maggie trying to catch up with the train, he reaches out to her with her blue bow, but as she grabs her bow, Maggie fails to catch up before the train pulls away out of her reach. Maggie believes Hudson is gone forever, but is unaware that the train (running on a circular closed track) loops around to the station at which it started. Maggie and Hudson reunite on the train engine\\'s cowcatcher, and exchange pacifiers (in lieu of sharing a kiss).\n*Playdate with Destiny*s plot was pitched by *The Simpsons* writers Tom Gammill and Max Pross as part of the episode of season 31, \\\"The Incredible Lightness of Being a Baby.\\\" They began working on the episode, and executive producer Jim Brooks suggested using the plot for a short instead.\nAfter 21st Century Fox\\'s purchase by Disney, the *Simpsons* staff sent *Playdate with Destiny* to Bob Iger and the Disney staff. According to Al Jean, they asked \\\"Can we please, please go in front of a Pixar movie?\\\" Once approved, they requested to be shown with \\\"something that\\'s compatible\\\"; the staff were \\\"ecstatic\\\" when offered *Onward*.\nDisney\\'s acquisition of 20th Century Studios is reflected in the short\\'s introduction showing a silhouette of Mickey Mouse before transitioning to Homer Simpson holding two donuts. Likewise, the logo for Gracie Films seen at the end of the short replaces one of the patrons with Mickey Mouse.\n*Playdate with Destiny* was first announced to the public on the show\\'s official Instagram on February 27, 2020. It was revealed that the short would be shown in theaters in the United States prior to screenings of the film *Onward*, starting on March 6, 2020.\nIt was released to the streaming service Disney+ on April 10, 2020.\n*The Simpsons* episode \\\"The Incredible Lightness of Being a Baby\\\" has been described as \\\"an extension\\\" and \\\"a sequel,\\\" featuring a reappearance of Hudson.\nA further short film featuring Maggie Simpson titled *The Force Awakens from Its Nap* released on Disney+ on May 4, 2021, *Star Wars* Day. It is the first of a series of shorts of *The Simpsons*, crossing over with other franchises on Disney+, throughout 2021.","parent_id":"a20dd529bbcfaa53db40","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"ac7ed865227e2701a397:0","document_content":"# The Fire Devil\n***The Fire Devil*** (German: ***Der Feuerteufel**\\'\\') is a 1940 German historical adventure film directed by and starring Luis Trenker. It also featured Judith Holzmeister, Bertl Schultes and Hilde von Stolz. The title is sometimes translated as***The Arsonist**\\'\\'.\nThe film\\'s sets were designed by the art directors Erich Grave and Ludwig Reiber. It was shot at the Bavaria Studios in Munich. Location shooting took place in Mittenwald, Schw\u00e4bisch Hall and North Tyrol. It premiered at the Ufa-Palast am Zoo in Berlin. Costing over a million reichsmarks to make, it easily recouped its production costs at the box office and was a considerable popular success.\nIt is set during the Tyrolean Rebellion against Napoleon, about which Trenker had previously made another film *The Rebel* in 1932. However Adolf Hitler, who had been an admirer of the previous film, was apparently displeased feeling that the parallels between Napoleon and the Third Reich meant that the film glorified and potentially incited popular revolt against the regime. To restore himself to favour, Trenker published a novel *Captain Ladurner* which was overtly pro-Nazi.","parent_id":"ac7ed865227e2701a397","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"ac7ed865227e2701a397:1","document_content":"# The Fire Devil\n- Luis Trenker as Valentin Sturmegger\n- Judith Holzmeister as Maria Schmiederer\n- Bertl Schultes as Clemens Schmiederer\n- Hilde von Stolz as Marquise Antoinette de Chanel\n- Fritz Kampers as Kapt\u00e4n M\u00fcnzer\n- Franz Herterich as Kaiser Franz I. von \u00d6sterreich\n- Ernst Fritz F\u00fcrbringer as F\u00fcrst von Metternich\n- Erich Ponto as Kaiser Napoleon Bonaparte\n- Claus Clausen as Major Ferdinand von Schill\n- Karl-Heinz Peters as Franz\u00f6sischer Kommissar\n- Walter Ladengast as Rafael Kr\u00f6ss, Verr\u00e4ter\n- Ludwig Kerscher as Kluiber, K\u00e4rntner Bauer\n- Vera Hartegg as Magd\n- Ludwig Schmid-Wildy as Klotz, K\u00e4rntner Bauer\n- Friedrich Ulmer as Reintaler, K\u00e4rntner Bauer\n- Elise Aulinger as Sch\u00f6nleitnerin\n- Sepp Nigg as Zoppel, Bauer\n- Lore Schuetzendorf as Frau Schoenleitner\n- Kurt Meisel as Erzherzog Johann\n- Ferdinand Exl as Purtscheller, K\u00e4rntner Bauer\n- Paul Mederow as Rusca, franz\u00f6sischer General\n- Reinhold Pasch as Henri Daru, franz\u00f6sischer Oberst\n- Karl Fochler as Burron, franz\u00f6sischer Offizier\n- Klaus Pohl as Kranewitter, K\u00e4rntner Bauer\n- Carl Balhaus as K\u00e4rntner Bauernbursche\n- Anton F\u00e4rber as K\u00e4rntner Bauernbursche\n- Julius Eckhoff as Franz\u00f6sischer Soldat\n- Karl Gelfius as S\u00e4nger\n- Luis Gerold as Holznagel, Bauer\n- Leopold Kerscher as Junger Bauernbursche\n- Robert Thiem as Offizier\n- Aruth Wartan as Knecht mit der Augenklappe\n- George L. Mosse. *Fallen Soldiers: Reshaping the Memory of the World Wars*. Oxford University Press, 1991.","parent_id":"ac7ed865227e2701a397","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b26da8f0c94818fd1acb:0","document_content":"# Notturno (film)\n***Notturno*** is a 2020 internationally co-produced documentary film directed by Gianfranco Rosi. It had its world premiere at the Venice Film Festival on 8 September 2020. It was selected as the Italian entry for the Best International Feature Film at the 93rd Academy Awards, but it was not nominated.\nShot over the course of three years between Syria, Iraq, Kurdistan, and Lebanon, *Notturno* follows different people from areas near war zones in the Middle East who are trying to start over again with their everyday lives.\nA group of female soldiers is shown standing guard, clearing empty buildings and relaxing in their barracks. A man in a small boat hunts for water fowl at night with the sound of machine gun fire in the distance. At a psychiatric hospital, a group of patients are given scripts to memorize for a play about the current state of their homeland and are shown rehearsing their parts. A boy, Ali, is paid five dollars a day to help a duck hunter. A couple admire the beauty of the night sky; the man then puts on his thob, picks up his drum, and walks the streets of the town playing the instrument and singing a song in praise of the prophet. At a school, as a form of therapy, children draw graphic pictures of the war atrocities they witnessed and describe their experiences to their teacher. One of the most cruel scenes is the one which shows a veiled Kurdish mother in the jail cell where her son had been tortured and killed. Another scene concerns a mother listening to phone messages from her daughter who has been kidnapped by Isis terrorists who are demanding a ransom.\nIn January 2018, it was announced Gianfranco Rosi would direct the film, with M\u00e9t\u00e9ore Films distributing the film in France.\nThe film had its world premiere at the 77th Venice International Film Festival on 8 September 2020. It also screened at the Toronto International Film Festival on 15 September 2020 and at the New York Film Festival on 6 October 2020. It was also selected to screen at the Telluride Film Festival in September 2020, prior to its cancellation due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In December 2020, Super LTD acquired U.S. distribution rights to the film.","parent_id":"b26da8f0c94818fd1acb","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b26da8f0c94818fd1acb:1","document_content":"# Notturno (film)\nIt was released in Italy on 9 September 2020 by 01 Distribution. It is scheduled to be released in the United States through virtual cinema on 22 January 2021, followed by video on demand on 29 January 2021. It is scheduled to be released in France on 7 April 2021.\n\n### Critical reception\n*Notturno* holds approval rating on review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, based on reviews, with an average of . The site\\'s critical consensus reads, \\\"*Notturno* contemplates the cost of war in starkly human terms by surveying the lives of people living under the threat of destruction.\\\" On Metacritic, the film holds a rating of 77 out of 100, based on 6 critics, indicating \\\"generally favorable reviews\\\".\n- List of submissions to the 93rd Academy Awards for Best International Feature Film\n- List of Italian submissions for the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film","parent_id":"b26da8f0c94818fd1acb","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d5c79604e35ab6be1cbb:0","document_content":"# Gjest Baardsen (film)\n***Gjest Baardsen*** is a Norwegian film from 1939 directed by Tancred Ibsen. Alfred Maurstad played the title role. The film is based on the life of the outlaw Gjest Baardsen, but it is a blend of fact and fiction. The plot is taken from a chapbook published by Holger Sinding under the pseudonym Halle Sira.\nThe film was shot at the Fuhr farm in Luster, at Turtagr\u00f8 in the Sogn Mountains, and at Videseter in the Stryn Mountains.\nThe film was screened in the United States with English subtitles in the 1940s.\nThe film is set in a time of famine. Norway has been at war with England and Sweden, and times are difficult. Gjest Baardsen has gotten into trouble with the law, apparently due to a trifle. But Gjest breaks free, and instead it is the sheriff that is handcuffed while Gjest escapes.\nNewspapers have written the following about the film: \\\"Meet the master thief and the folk hero Gjest Baardsen, who steals from the rich and gives to the poor. He tricks the constable and bailiff into a fight, and no prisons or chains can hold him.\\\" \\\"Maurstad plays the folk hero with an obsessive freshness, with daring moves and a Hardanger fiddle, and escapes over fjords and mountains.\\\"","parent_id":"d5c79604e35ab6be1cbb","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d5c79604e35ab6be1cbb:1","document_content":"# Gjest Baardsen (film)\n- Alfred Maurstad as Gjest Baardsen\n- Vibeke Falk as Anna Reinche\n- Joachim Holst-Jensen as Mons Peder Michelsen, the jailer\n- Lauritz Falk as an officer\n- Jens Holstad as an officer\n- Karl Bergmann as Reincke, the customs officer\n- Sophus Dahl as a constable\n- Lars Tvinde as a constable\n- Sigurd Magnuss\u00f8n as a constable\n- Henny Skj\u00f8nberg as Karen\n- Henrik B\u00f8rseth as a farmer\n- Edvard Drabl\u00f8s as a fisherman\n- Martin Linge as a fisherman\n- Einar Tveito as Mathias Strandvik\n- Ole Leikvang as a farmer\n- Johannes Jensen as Johannes, the constable\\'s officer\n- Victor Ivarson as the inspector\n- Johan Hauge as the judge\n- Hans Bille as the chief of police\n- Thorleif Mikkelsen as a policeman\n- \\\"Fjellsangen\\\" (lyrics by Holger Sinding, melody by Adolf Kristoffer Nielsen), sung by Alfred Maurstad\n- \\\"Svarterabben\\\" (lyrics and melody by Alfred Maurstad), sung by Alfred Maurstad\nAlfred Maustad and an orchestra directed by Adolf Kristoffer Nielsen also recorded these two songs in Oslo on February 20, 1940. They were released on the Telefunken 78 rpm record T-8261, and the first song also on the Sonora 78 rpm record 3748.","parent_id":"d5c79604e35ab6be1cbb","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7617babecb8331112a83:0","document_content":"# God's Puzzle (film)\n`is\u00a0a\u00a0Japanese\u00a0science\u00a0fiction\u00a0film\u00a0directed\u00a0by\u00a0Takashi\u00a0Miike.\u00a0The\u00a0screenplay\u00a0by\u00a0Masa\u00a0Nakamura\u00a0is\u00a0based\u00a0on\u00a0the\u00a0novel\u00a0`*`God's Puzzle`*`\u00a0by\u00a0Shinji\u00a0Kimoto.`\n17-year-old Saraka Homizu invents an infinity-shaped particle accelerator named Mugen. Meanwhile, sushi bar worker and aspiring guitarist Motokazu Watanuki takes his more confident twin brother Yoshikazu\\'s place and attends his difficult physics classes while Yoshikazu is visiting the Phi Phi Islands in Thailand. Motozaku agrees as a means to be near his crush Shiratori, who is dating Airi, a grad student assisting with the seminar.\nBelieving that Motokazu is the smooth-talking Yoshikazu, Professor Hatomura asks him to convince Saraka Homizu to attend her lab course to complete her degree. Motozaku chooses the creation of the universe as the subject of his final project and Saraka joins him, telling Airi that it is possible for humans to create a universe. She plans to attempt it using Mugen.\nWhen the sushi bar burns down, Motozaku takes a part-time job planting rice in a field underneath Mugen with Hashizume, an elderly student auditing the course. Yoshikazu continues traveling to Delhi, where his passport is stolen. Motokazu learns that Saraka dated Airi before Shiratori, making them rivals.\nWhen the Mugen accelerator does not perform as expected, Saraka is made a scapegoat and public opinion turns against her. A nude video of her is posted on the Internet and Saraka takes advantage of this to spread a virus to computers throughout the world, allowing her to utilize them for more memory. Created through artificial insemination, Saraka cannot find meaning in her life and decides that if there is a god then it will stop her from creating a universe within our own and causing the collapse of our own.","parent_id":"7617babecb8331112a83","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7617babecb8331112a83:1","document_content":"# God's Puzzle (film)\nDuring a powerful typhoon over Tokyo, Saraka reverses the rotation of one of the rings of the Mugen accelerator and prepares a collision, feeding off of power from the national power grid that she has hacked. Airi, who was involved in posting the video of Saraka to the Internet, crashes his car through the East Side building, allowing Motokazu to climb to the electric hut and play a rock version of Beethoven\\'s 9th for Saraka, causing her to stop the experiment. She attempts to commit suicide by jumping from a bridge but Motozaku convinces her to come to him and eat the sushi he made and brought for her.\nAiri commits suicide and Saraka is arrested. Motozaku fights with the media and lands in prison, where he writes his final thesis on the theory of sushi relativity. Yoshikazu is deported from India and returns. Saraka is eventually released and visits Motozaku at his sushi bar.\n- Hayato Ichihara as Yoshikazu Watanuki \/ Motokazu Watanuki\n- Mitsuki Tanimura as Saraka\n- Kenichi End\u014d as Chief of power station\n- Yusuke Hirayama\n- Yuriko Ishida as Ms.\u00a0Hatomura\n- Nozomu Iwao as Sudo\n- Masaya Kikawada as Airi\n- Yoshio Kojima as Student\n- Jun Kunimura as Murakami\n- Rio Matsumoto as Shiratori\n- Naomasa Musaka as Gonda\n- Eugene Nomura\n- Reisen Ri as Yamada\n- Ayumu Saito\n- Takashi Sasano as Hashizume\n- Christian Storms as TV Interviewer\n- Taro Suwa as Owner of Sushi Shop\n- Koutaro Tanaka as Sakura\n- Mayumi Wakamura as Saraka\\'s mother\n*God\\'s Puzzle* is a film adaptation of the novel of the same name by Shinji Kimoto.\nFilming took place in Mito, Ibaraki, Japan.","parent_id":"7617babecb8331112a83","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7617babecb8331112a83:2","document_content":"# God's Puzzle (film)\nThe film was also promoted under the title *The Puzzle of God*.\nRob Nelson of variety.com writes, \\\"Intermittently bizarre rather than thoroughly so, the pic plays by CG-powered rules of a smart-kids-save-the-world actioner, adding Miike's wacky narrative digressions and a bit of animation to mostly enjoyable effect.\\\" He complains that \\\"Miike's most conventional pic is least convincing in its serious moments, as would-be stimulating debates of God's existence ring hollow\\\" but writes that \\\"pic's cinematography --- in 35mm, with short India-set scenes on DV --- is vibrant, and the FX kick up a storm.\\\"\nPedro Morata of Asian Movie Pulse wrote that the film offers \\\"a full spectacle worthy of the best films of natural disasters\\\" as well as \\\"a well-constructed visual presentation, with particularly well-designed frames\\\", ultimately finding that it is \\\"Definitely worth watching.\\\"\nAuthor Tom Mes of Midnight Eye acknowledges that Miike\\'s \\\"films can be hit and miss\\\" and that \\\"business is still as usual\\\", but states that, \\\"as is so often the case with a Miike film, a closer look proves to be most rewarding. The devotee will recognize in God\\'s Puzzle\\'s obsession with the creation, annihilation and meaning of life a continuation of the questions posed in earlier films by the director\\\", concluding that \\\"this is still the familiar Miike universe. We are merely exploring different corners.\\\"","parent_id":"7617babecb8331112a83","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"ae2c3dc2982256cf488f:0","document_content":"# Space Dogs: Return to Earth\n***Space Dogs: Return to Earth**\\'\\' () also known as***Space Dogs: Tropical Adventure**\\'\\' is a 2020 Russian 3D computer-animated comedy fantasy family film written by Danil Trotensko, Artem Milovanov, Mike Disa, Olga Nikiforova, Viktor Strelchencko and directed by Inna Evlannikova. The film was produced by Moscow studios KinoAtis and Gorky Film Studio. The creators from one of Russia\\'s first national 3D animation studio rejoined to continue to animate the latest adventure of the canine heroes, Belka and Strelka.\nThe film is the third installment in the *Space Dogs* franchise, a sequel to the 2013 film *Space Dogs: Adventure to the Moon* and a trequel to the original record breaking film *Space Dogs*. The film is the final installment that marks the establishment of the *Space Dogs* trilogy. Based on true history, the film depicts Soviet space dogs Belka and Strelka, who are the world\\'s first animals and namely dogs who were sent into space and survived the trip while on board the Korabl-Sputnik 2 in 1960. The film portrays the historical characters in a lighthearted comedy animation film.\nSet in outer space and planet Earth, the Soviet command sends Belka and Strelka on a reconnaissance mission to the island of Cuba, where a mysterious tornado begins to pull in water off the coast of the island. The astronauts dive into the Caribbean Sea to find the true mystery.","parent_id":"ae2c3dc2982256cf488f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"ae2c3dc2982256cf488f:1","document_content":"# Space Dogs: Return to Earth\nThe movie released in Russia on 24 September 2020 and the UK on 11 December 2020 with its international title *Space Dogs: Return to Earth.* Epic Pictures distributed the film in North America on 2 April 2021. Critics from domestic and international countries had generally positive reviews for the film.\nIn the Hurricane Alley, a strange whirlpool spins out of control. Meanwhile brave cosmonauts Belka and Strelka are in their space ship. They see rare mineral samples somewhere in the asteroid belt near Saturn. They risk their lives to extract the samples when a call receives from Soviet command. The director reports a mysterious phenomenon in the tropics of the Atlantic Ocean. Strelka is promoted as pilot because the space command director found Belka\\'s steering to be lacking. As the ship changes course both cosmonauts become distanced due to the promotion. However the space explorers realize that this new mission will require teamwork making them friends again.\nThe space ship\\'s trajectory veers to planet Earth. Meanwhile their best friend, rat Lenny is looking to get to the cyclones too, traveling to Cuba in an attempt to solve the mystery. Lenny will be accompanied by cricket Thomas. They spot the anomaly that appears to be a cyclone. As they venture down into the swirling ocean depths, their Soviet module crash lands into the Caribbean Sea. Rat Lenny hears of this misfortune. He decides to embark on a journey to find the missing cosmonauts.\nBelka and Strelka perform a heroic mission to save themselves from the depths of the sea but also investigate the mysterious whirlpool effect. However, an unexpected enemy swims in the depths of the sea: treacherous pirate-jellyfish. The astronauts track the Caribbean mystery to an extraterrestrial organization that is draining the ocean of all its water. Without the use of combat, the cosmonauts and the team educate the UFO on how to preserve and economically conserve water. The mission is finished and the ecosystem is saved as the heroes resurface to the ocean.\n\\+\nCharacter\nRussian Actor\nEnglish Actor\nBelka\nYulia Peresild\nMaria Antonieta Monge\nStrelka\nIrina Pegova\nMauriett Chayeb\nVenya (Lenny) (rat)\nYevgeny Mironov\nAlexander Machado\nUncle Yasha (seal)\nSergey Burunov\nJinon Deeb\nElephant\nSergey Shnurov\nOscar Cheda\nGuard Croakagy\nJason Michael Kesser\nCricket\nRomulo A Bernal","parent_id":"ae2c3dc2982256cf488f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"ae2c3dc2982256cf488f:2","document_content":"# Space Dogs: Return to Earth\n### Development\n*Space Dogs* franchise started in 2010 with its release of *Star Dogs: Belka and Strelka* and internationally as *Space Dogs*. The series has since inspired a TV series *Belka and Strelka: Mischievous Little Family* in 2011 and a 2013 sequel. The series\\' original film holds the distinction as Russia\\'s first domestic 3D film.\nDirector Inna Evlannikova who previously directed for such films as *Space Dogs* and *Gurvinek. Magic Game*, resumed the story of the famous animal characters, Belka and Strelka. In this new feature film, the creators of the films added new settings such as the ocean floor near Cuba and outer space. The animators took special note for their drawings of the settings. They intended the images to have a picturesque quality. The creators of the film remarked by the third part of the series, the characters are well defined. A new plot line that was added to the film is how the dog astronauts will now explore the ocean underwater seabed. Numerous escapism episodes in the film are highlighted set in the Hurricane Alley region of the Caribbean Sea. The scriptwriters intended the film not only to be a festive animated film, but they also added educational components such as the theme of ecology and how important it is to maintain balance in nature. The script used the plot of a mysterious water phenomena to highlight the importance of preserving natural resources of water. The writers hoped by presenting an accurate depiction of the ecological world, the viewers would be able to appreciate nature.\nThe writers from the previous sequels rejoined. Olga Nikiforova and Viktor Strelchenko joined the script writing team. Debutant script writers Danil Trotsenko and Artem Milovanov also were present. The script was also co-authored by American screenwriter and director Mike Disa who has previous projects include *Hoodwinked Too!.*","parent_id":"ae2c3dc2982256cf488f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"ae2c3dc2982256cf488f:3","document_content":"# Space Dogs: Return to Earth\n### Development\nThe voice-over started on 20 July 2019 with a cast of popular Russian actors lending voice to the characters. The voice cast included Yulia Peresild as Belka, Irina Pegova as Strelka, Yevgeny Mironov as Venya, and Sergey Burunov as Uncle Yasha. The English cast included Maria Antonieta Monge as Belka, Mauriett Chayeb as Strelka, and Jinon Deeb as Uncle Yasha. Sergey Burunov for the role of the retired \\\"sea wolf\\\" Yasha had to consistently use Spanish words because the scriptwriter made Yasha suddenly into a photographer. The film was Yulia Peresild\\'s first role in an animated film.\n\n### Animation\nIn the third part of the franchise, the space dogs find themselves not only in their usual locations -- in space, but also under water. Most of the screen time about 45% - is occupied by underwater. Character development was refined for this film with an emphasis on friendship and working together as a team. The character Strelka is given for the first time the official status of commander.\nA plethora of new character animals are presented in this film that include seal Yasha, rat Venya, cockroach Tolik, parrots-bandits, pirates-jellyfish, wise muskrat, as well as crocodiles, turtles, lizards and pelicans. The audience of the previous films have found the story line of rate Venya quite appealing. Therefore, in this film the creators refined the character almost into a main character. Yevgeny Mironov has been always a popular cast choice for Yasha.\n\n### Soundtrack\nThe film is noted for its musical accompaniment. Composer Ivan Uryupin who has previously worked for all the previous *Space Dogs* films, resumed the score for the movie. An orchestral soundtrack with several songs were recorded by the host studio The First of Mosfilm. The orchestra was aided by the conductor of the Bolshoi theater, Alexey Vereshchagin. Uryupin noted that composing for an animated film is considerably different from a feature film. The former requires more expression in music and changing musical textures. One of the songs presented in the film is *Song of Lagusa.* A review found the song of the pirate jellyfish to be the highlight of the film.","parent_id":"ae2c3dc2982256cf488f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"ae2c3dc2982256cf488f:4","document_content":"# Space Dogs: Return to Earth\n### Theatrical\nAt the 108th Russian film market, the creators of the film revealed the film will release in Russia on 30 April 2020.The film was intended as a spring festive entertainer. The film was distributed by Karoprokat in Russia. In the 2019 March\u00e9 du Film market, KinoAtis closed deals on *Space Dogs: Tropical Adventure* with distributors from Turkey, South Korea, Great Britain, as well as countries in Southeast Asia and the Middle East. On 30 January 2019, KinoAtis animation studio held a press tour for media representatives. Vadim Sotskov, general director and producer of KinoAtis, presented the film to the reporters.\nThe film was originally supposed to be a worldwide release set for 1 May 2020. However the arrival of COVID-19 changed the release date to the summer. In the *CARTOON in cinema* event in Russia, a footage of the film premiered.\nAt the MIFA International online film market held in June 2019, KinoAtis was one of the Moscow studios that presented the film to potential distributors. At the June online forum Key Buyers Event: Digital Edition, KinoAtis studio held negotiations with Epic Pictures Group for distribution across Asian countries. On 1 September 2020, a video of Belka and Strelka following the recommendation guidelines of Rospotrebnadzor was released by ProfiCinema. The campaign was part of the *Lets Go the to Movies* (#\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0432\u043a\u0438\u043d\u043e) event organized by the Film Foundation to restart the Russian film industry after months of quarantine.\nThe final release was scheduled for 24 September 2020. The film received support from the Film Foundation. On 11 September 2020, *Belka and Strelka* officially became the first animated film to release in Russia after the quarantine. The film premiered in an online version at the international multimedia press center of MIA \\\"Rossiya Segodnya.\\\" The film later had a wide release in Russia on 24 September 2020. Despite the film\\'s postponement due to COVID-19, the film coincidentally managed to release just one month after the 60th anniversary of the historic flight into space by the famous Soviet dogs Belka and Strelka.","parent_id":"ae2c3dc2982256cf488f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"ae2c3dc2982256cf488f:5","document_content":"# Space Dogs: Return to Earth\n### Theatrical\nInternationally, the film is picked up by UK distributor Signature Entertainment. The film released in UK on 11 December 2020. The film was able to register in over 124 UK theaters. Irish Film Classification Office certified the film for Ireland film theaters. At the 9 November 2020 AFM Digital Edition, Epic Pictures Group agreed for the film\\'s distribution to North America on 2 April 2021. The film arrived in select theaters. The film will go by the North American title *Space Dogs: Tropical Adventure*. The film became one of the major releases in April 2021. On 6 April 2021 the film became available in VOD format. The film was screened in Kaluzhan Russia, on 15 April 2021 as a commemoration of the start of international festival of films and programs about space. On 20 April 2021, the film was available in DVD and Blu-ray.\n\n### Critical response\nA review from Kino Mail, believed the movie captured the true essence of an alternative USSR universe in animation format: \\\"A lot of incredible events and plot twists fall on the viewer with stunning speed. At the same time --- which is a rarity these days --- the creators of the tape manage to preserve the logic and coherence of their unusual world-an alternative cartoon USSR, where charming cosmonaut dogs have become real superheroes.\\\" Kinoafisha, remarked the film explored the theme of misunderstanding and the problems that can be caused by poor communication. Overall the film is an entertainer for the children audience and summarized the film as, \\\"Russian \\\"Star Trek\\\" for the little ones.\\\"","parent_id":"ae2c3dc2982256cf488f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"ae2c3dc2982256cf488f:6","document_content":"# Space Dogs: Return to Earth\n### Critical response\nUK reviews had generally positive outlook to the story. The Upcoming from UK reviewed the film is a perfect film for dog owners remarking, the film is \\\"beautiful, evoking a sense of magic and adventure that only this genre of cinema can create. The digitally-rendered Belka and Strelka look eerily similar to the real Soviet space pups whilst being loveable and strong personas in their own right. Supporting characters come in every shape, size and colour and so much of the feature\\'s humour come from the rich variety of animals in its lively world.\\\" The Review Avenue, found the film has \\\"an impressive array of animals\\\" primarily intended to entertain the young audience. In terms of animation the review summarized, \\\"Its animation is competent, bursting with colour and additional detail in its character designs. The titular dogs look more like their real-world counterparts than ever before, with extra attention seemingly given to their hair and fur compared to others on screen.\\\"\nLondonNet review explains, \\\"*Space Dogs: Return To Earth* idles into first gear with an opening set-piece involving intergalactic ice monsters and maintains the same pace as events unfold above and below the waves. Some of the vocal performances merge in pitch and tone though thankfully, Evlannikova\\'s picture is light on meaningful dialogue so there\\'s never any danger of a key plot point being waylaid.\\\" Movie Reviews 101 stated, \\\"This is one movie that will play into the family audience with ease, you will get some laughs, deal with the teamwork, as both Belka and Strelka will both have weaknesses the other will cover up and help them through.\\\" However the review at *The Guardian* had a mixed review stating the film\\'s \\\"humour necessary to hook in a parent audience doesn\\'t land.\\\"","parent_id":"ae2c3dc2982256cf488f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"ae2c3dc2982256cf488f:7","document_content":"# Space Dogs: Return to Earth\n### Critical response\nIn the United States, the film received mixed to positive reviews. *Sun ThisWeek* from *Dakota County Tribune* noted the film is \\\"Inna Evlannikova\\'s colorful, family-friendly, action-packed, intermittently funny, 80-minute, 2020 animated musical, which is final film in the trilogy.\\\" Steve Kopian for Unseen Films reviewed the film like its predecessors have \\\"great set pieces and some funny lines.\\\" The review noted the film might not be placed at highest level of animation, it is ideal for the family which if it were their first time viewing the *Space Dogs* series will likely \\\"want to go visit the earlier adventures.\\\" Family review aggregators Dove and Family Choice Awards noted the film is targeted to the children audience. Dove especially noted it is a landmark film about the vital message of \\\"the importance of teamwork.\\\" Lenny the rat became a memorable character for the film as noted by the review: \\\"who has one white tooth and one yellow one. He also has a seal for an uncle.\\\" The film shows the main heroes Belka and Strelka \\\"having to work together\\\" with the side characters such as Hatchling, Lenny, Maria, jellyfish, parrots that reinforce the film\\'s main theme of teamwork.\n\n### Accolades\nAward\nDate of ceremony\nCategory\nRecipient(s) and nominee(s)\nResult\nInternational Film Festival for Children and Youth (Krasnoyarsk)\n19 November 2020\nFull-Length Animated Film\nInna Evlannikova\nGolden Eagle Award\n22 January 2021\nBest Animated Film\nSuzdalfest\n`17\u00a0March\u00a02021\u00a0`\n`Full-Length\u00a0Animated\u00a0Film`\n\n### Adaptations\nFrom street dogs, the famous dogs Belka and Strelka have captured the public imagination ever since their space exploration in 1960. The release date for *Space Dogs: Tropical Adventure* in Russia coincided just 1 month after the 60th anniversary of the historic flight into space by the famous Soviet dogs Belka and Strelka. The original film *Space Dogs* was released ten years ago in recognition of the 50th anniversary of this event.","parent_id":"ae2c3dc2982256cf488f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"ae2c3dc2982256cf488f:8","document_content":"# Space Dogs: Return to Earth\n### Adaptations\nThe *Belka and Strelka Space Dogs* franchise has seen supported not only locally but also internationally. The film is noted for its international distribution. In the United States, in several planetariums and science museums, *Space Dogs* is frequently presented as a reading supplement to the educational program in recognition of space frontier\\'s first explorers.\nIn ten years the series has three full-length films, with the film *Space Dogs: Return to Earth* marking the establishment of a *Space Dogs* trilogy. The series has also featured two animated series, a musical, books, computer and board games. *Space Dogs Family* TV series is currently in production for Season 3. On the streets of some cities there are road signs with the image of heroes. The first film was shown in 160 countries and translated into 45 languages. The film series has also been nominated for film awards including the Multimir animation award.\n- History of Russian animation\n- List of animated feature films of 2020\n- *Space Dogs (2010)*","parent_id":"ae2c3dc2982256cf488f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b3bc084555fca3732d07:0","document_content":"# Once Upon a Time in Mesopotamia\n***Once Upon a Time in Mesopotamia*** (; ) is a 1998 documentary film adapted from the nonfiction book of the same name by French Assyriologist Jean Bott\u00e9ro and archaeologist Marie-Joseph St\u00e8ve. Directed by Jean-Claude Lubtchansky, and co-produced by Trans Europe Film, La Sept-Arte, \u00c9ditions Gallimard, Louvre Museum and La Cinqui\u00e8me, with voice-over narration by French actors Fran\u00e7ois Marthouret, and the director, the documentary is structured like an adventure film, takes viewers into the world of the first discoverers, epigraphists and Assyriologists who revealed Mesopotamian archaeology to the modern world.\nThe film was broadcast on Arte on 30 May 1998, as part of the channel\\'s television programme *The Human Adventure*, and rebroadcast on La Cinqui\u00e8me on 4 and 5 June of the same year. In addition to German dubbing, the documentary has been subtitled into English and Spanish, and released on DVD by Centre national du cin\u00e9ma et de l\\'image anim\u00e9e (CNC).\nMesopotamia, the land between two rivers, whose brilliant civilisation began to develop 5000 years ago, apart from the reports of some ancient Greek and Roman chroniclers, it existed only as a biblical legend. It is the oldest and longest civilisation, both for the influence it exerted on the Near East and on the Greek world as for its contribution to the material and spiritual development of humanity, and oddly the most poorly known to the general public.\nToday, however, many---albeit scattered---archaeological finds and various sites provide an impressive insight into the richness of this civilisation that invented writing and produced the first scientific systems and literary works. The artefacts kept in various European museums, the archaeological sites and the excavations themselves are documented on the basis of archive material, that is, photos, watercolours, drawings and films. Expedition reports and images of life in Mesopotamia before the first Iraq war illustrating the human adventure of reconstructing a lost civilisation.\nThe documentary was partially shot in Iraq, in the land of clay and reed between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.\nVictor Place and Gabriel Tranchand standing next to an Assyrian shedu at the gate of the palace of Sargon II, Dur-Sharrukin, Nineveh, 1852. Archaeological photograph reproduced on the cover.","parent_id":"b3bc084555fca3732d07","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b3bc084555fca3732d07:1","document_content":"# Once Upon a Time in Mesopotamia\nThe book , on which the film is based, is an illustrated monograph on Mesopotamian archaeology, published in pocket format by \u00c9ditions Gallimard on 4 November 1993. Co-written by French Assyriologist and biblicist Jean Bott\u00e9ro, and his research companion---an archaeologist and Dominican monk---Marie-Joseph St\u00e8ve, the work is the volume in the encyclopaedic collection \\'D\u00e9couvertes Gallimard\\', and part of the collection\\'s series. That is to say, here the subject is the rediscovery of Mesopotamian civilisation, the decipherment of cuneiform, and the study of archaeological sites, objects and documents discovered in the region, from the late eighteenth century onwards (history of Assyriology), but not the history of this civilisation.\nAccording to the tradition of \\'D\u00e9couvertes\\', which is based on an abundant pictorial documentation and a way of bringing together visual documents and texts, enhanced by printing on coated paper; in other words, \\'genuine monographs, published like art books\\'.\nWhile many of the French titles from the collection make it into English, this book has never been translated.","parent_id":"b3bc084555fca3732d07","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6b808de5f4cbbbeaf2aa:0","document_content":"# The Missing (2020 film)\n**The Missing** is a 2020 Philippine horror film directed by Easy Ferrer under Regal Films starring Ritz Azul, Joseph Marco, and Miles Ocampo. It is one of the official entries for the 2020 Metro Manila Film Festival.\nIris (Ritz Azul), a 28-year-old architect often hallucinates due to suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder after losing her younger sister to a kidnapping syndicate. Meanwhile, Job (Joseph Marco), who is also an architect and an ex-lover of Iris, invites Iris to go to Japan for a job opportunity. *The Missing* also follows Len (Miles Ocampo), a graduating student who was born and has spent her childhood in Saga, Japan.\n- Ritz Azul as Iris\n- Joseph Marco as Job\n- Miles Ocampo as Len\n- Melissa Mendez\n- Seiyo Masunaga as Aki","parent_id":"6b808de5f4cbbbeaf2aa","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6b808de5f4cbbbeaf2aa:1","document_content":"# The Missing (2020 film)\nJapanese actors were also part of the cast.\n*The Missing* was produced under Regal Entertainment under the direction of Easy Ferrer. The film is Ferrer\\'s first horror movie. Filming for *The Missing* reportedly took place in the Saga prefecture in Japan for eight to ten days, with Ferrer noting that he has incorporated Japanese horror to Philippine horror in making the film. The film\\'s director also cited his experience of post traumatic stress disorder, ten years earlier from the film\\'s release as is his primary inspiration for *The Missing*. Ferrer wrote the script in 2013, during the time the Ampatuan massacre in Maguindanao was still a widely-talked issue in the Philippines and used the issue of violence against journalists and other media personnel as a theme in the film. After completing the script\\'s draft, Ferrer then revised the script to \\\"fit the Japanese intrusion\\\". Regal Films executive producer Roselle Monteverde and fellow director Joey Reyes were also part of *The Missing*\\'s creative process.\n*The Missing* will be made available digitally through Upstream starting December 25, 2020 as one of the official entries of the 2020 Metro Manila Film Festival (MMFF). *Ang Mga Kaibigan ni Mama Susan*, a film adaptation of a novel of the same name by Bob Ong was supposed to be Regal Film\\'s 2020 MMFF entry, but they had to withdraw the film due to delays on *Mama Susan*\\'s post-production due to the COVID-19 pandemic and submitted *The Missing* as its entry for the film festival instead. It was also previously selected as an official entry for the 2020 Metro Manila Summer Film Festival, which was later cancelled. The Missing will also mark its director\\'s debut in the MMFF.","parent_id":"6b808de5f4cbbbeaf2aa","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b0479784897230035c40:0","document_content":"# Couple from the Future\n***Couple from the Future*** () is a 2021 Russian science fiction comedy-drama film written and directed by Aleksey Nuzhnyy, with a co-produced by Leonid Vereshchagin, Anton Zlatopolskiy, and Nikita Mikhalkov. The main roles were played by Sergey Burunov and Mariya Aronova.\nIt is scheduled to be theatrically released in Russia on March 4, 2021 by Central Partnership.\nThe film is set in 2040. The action takes place in Nizhny Novgorod. The film tells about a couple who have been married for 20 years and want to divorce, but cannot, since it is very expensive. And suddenly they fall into the past, on the day when he proposed to her to marry him.\n- Sergey Burunov as Eugene \\'Zhenya\\' Kurkov in 2040\n  - Denis Paramonov as Eugene \\'Zhenya\\' Kurkov in 2020\n- Mariya Aronova as Alexandra \\'Sasha\\' Zolotareva in 2040\n  - Darya Konyzheva as Alexandra \\'Sasha\\' Zolotareva in 2020\n- Igor Tsaregorodtsev as Oleg, a gopnik for firewood in the village\n- Georgiy Tokaev as Ivan, a man chopping wood\n- Mikhail Orlov as Igor, Zhenya\\'s uncle\n- Serafima Krasnikova as Valentina Odnolyubova, Zhenya\\'s classmate\n- Karina Mishulina as Oksana Sinitsyna, an actress\n  - Marina Volkova as Oksana Sinitsyna in 2020\n- Sergey Styopin as Michal Mikhalych, director\n- Seydulla Moldakhanov as a shepherd\n- Pavel Misailov as a Russian police office\n- Aleksey Nuzhnyy as himself, a casting directors of auditions\n- Irina Gorbacheva as a computer, (voice)\nIn August 2020, it became known that the Cinema Foundation approved support for the production of a new film was directed by Aleksey Nuzhnyy, who had previously directed the film *I Am Losing Weight* (2018).\nThe film was produced with the assistance of Nikita Mikhalkov\\'s Studio TriTe and the Russia-1 network with the support of the Russian Cinema Fund Analytics.","parent_id":"b0479784897230035c40","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b0479784897230035c40:1","document_content":"# Couple from the Future\n### Casting\nSergey Burunov and Mariya Aronova also had a pleasant time on the set, and acted exactly like a couple from the film. Both performers graduated from the Boris Shchukin Theatre Institute.\n\n### Filming\nNizhny Novgorod Drama Theater named after M. Gorky in Nizhny Novgorod.\nPrincipal photography took place in September 2020 at the M. Gorky Nizhny Novgorod State Academic Drama Theatre, where the townspeople performed as extras in the city of Nizhny Novgorod.\nIn October 2020, they were held in the administrative okrug of Moscow (Zelenograd).\n\n### Theatrical\nThe pre-premiere event was held on March 1, 2021 at the \\\"Karo 11 October\\\" cinema in Moscow, and will go on commercial screenings on March 4 of that year.\nThe release of the film *Couple from the Future* on the big screens is scheduled for March 4, 2021 by Central Partnership.\nA review by KinoAfish noted: \\\"The film *Couple from the Future* is a classic dramedy, but humor here gives way to matters of the heart, the tangled jungle of which the heroes will have to overcome in the course of the action.\\\"\nA review by Russian Gazette noted that \\\"the film is a combination of many genres, from rom-com to cyberpunk satire. The script of the film is built like a paradox.\\\"\nThe Yandex review commented: \\\"Sergey Burunov came out more textured than in the recent *The Relatives* (2021 film), and Mariya Aronova had an unforgettable performance.\\\"","parent_id":"b0479784897230035c40","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a3874a569a16542be07d:0","document_content":"# Long Weekend (2021 film)\n***Long Weekend*** is a 2021 American romantic science fiction comedy-drama film written and directed by Steve Basilone. The film stars Finn Wittrock, Zo\u00eb Chao, Damon Wayans Jr., Casey Wilson, Wendi McLendon-Covey, and Jim Rash and tells the story of a down-on-his-luck struggling writer named Bart (Wittrock) who meets Vienna (Chao), an enigmatic woman who enters his life at the just the right time.\nThe film was released in theaters on March 12, 2021. It was well-received by critics, who praised Wittrock and Chao\\'s performances as well as the film\\'s \\\"unexpected twist.\\\" Currently, the movie has grossed over \\$1 million in the United States.\nBart is down on his luck and has to take a job at a medical office. He moves into the garage at the house of his best friend, Doug, and his wife, Rachel, and their two kids. He is broke and depressed; his novel failed to make any money, his girlfriend broke up with him, and he's ignoring his psychiatrist\\'s phone calls.\nBart gets drunk and falls asleep in a movie theater. He is awakened by a random girl named Vienna telling him the movie is over. They start talking and hit it off right away, going on a date at a bar and then having sex in Vienna\\'s motel room. Bart and Vienna soon start to connect over their mothers both having cancer, though Bart\\'s mom had passed years ago. He was inspired to write his novel after his mom grew more concerned about her happiness in her last few months. After she died, Bart had a mental breakdown.\nBart confronts Vienna about her oddities and she either changes the subject or gives vague answers, such as claiming she works for the government. Bart\\'s old apartment is still in the process of being sold and the new tenants are moving in, but Bart and Vienna go there to have their discussion in private. She reveals that she is from the future, working for a secret government branch that has discovered time travel in 2052. She went back in time to buy stocks that will earn enough for Vienna to pay for her mom's cancer cure.","parent_id":"a3874a569a16542be07d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a3874a569a16542be07d:1","document_content":"# Long Weekend (2021 film)\nBart tells Doug the next day, who advises him to eventually get Vienna help, just as Doug helped Bart after his mental breakdown. Bart and Vienna become even more attached, growing to trust each other enough to open a safe deposit box together where Vienna keeps her stocks.\nThey spend a night together camping in the desert, only for Bart to wake up to Vienna crying by herself a mile or so away. She later reveals that staying in the past for too long messes up one\\'s brain chemistry. As they have an at-home pasta dinner date later on, she starts moaning in pain and finds it hard to breathe. Bart gets scared and heeds Doug\\'s advice by taking her to the hospital for an assessment the next day. As she\\'s about to walk to the doctor\\'s office, Bart has a nosebleed and faints. He wakes up in a hospital bed with bandages on his head and Doug by his side, who explains to him that they found a tumor in his brain yet it was small enough to remove right away. Doug explains to Bart that the tumor affected the way his brain processed information and that Vienna was never real. Realizing that all the events that happened were not real, Bart breaks down into tears with Doug comforting him.\nHaving made peace with the fact that Vienna was a hallucination, Bart finally moves out of his old apartment. However, when he goes to withdraw cash from an ATM, he discovers someone has deposited over \\$89K into his account. He then remembers the safe deposit box he and Vienna opened together. Bart goes to check the box and finds photos he took with Vienna in a photobooth, proving she was indeed real. On the back of the photos is a message from Vienna along with a little hint about the future of his favorite sports team. Bart smiles and laughs ecstatically.\n- Finn Wittrock as Bart\n- Zo\u00eb Chao as Vienna\n- Damon Wayans Jr.\u00a0as Doug\n- Casey Wilson as Rachel\n- Wendi McLendon-Covey as Patricia\n- Jim Rash as Larry\n- Carter Morgan as Teddy","parent_id":"a3874a569a16542be07d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a3874a569a16542be07d:2","document_content":"# Long Weekend (2021 film)\nIn September 2019, Finn Wittrock, Zo\u00eb Chao, Damon Wayans Jr., Casey Wilson, Wendi McLendon-Covey, and Jim Rash joined the cast of the film, with Steven Basilone directing from a screenplay he wrote in 2017. Principal photography took place for a month and wrapped on August 23, 2019.\nIn February 2021, Stage 6 Films acquired distribution rights to the film, and set it for a March 12, 2021, release.\nIn its first weekend the film made \\$245,182.\nOn review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 67% based on 42 reviews, with an average rating of 6.50\/10. The site\\'s critics consensus reads: \\\"A seemingly traditional rom-com distinguished by an unexpected twist, *Long Weekend* benefits from stars who make a great screen couple.\\\" On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 53 out of 100, based on 11 critics, indicating \\\"mixed or average reviews\\\". According to PostTrak, 55% of audience members gave the film a positive score, with 32% saying they would definitely recommend it.","parent_id":"a3874a569a16542be07d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"aadb48a71bfa33b5a88a:0","document_content":"# Senior Moment\n***Senior Moment*** is a 2021 American romantic comedy-drama film directed by Giorgio Serafini and starring William Shatner, Jean Smart and Christopher Lloyd.\nIt was released on March 26, 2021, by Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment and Screen Media Films.\nVictor Martin is a retired Air Force pilot and lifelong bachelor who relives his youth cruising in his mint condition, silver, 1955 Porsche 356, usually accompanied by his best friend, retired jeweler Sal Spinelli. Victor and Sal encounter Pablo Torres, driving a vintage Chevrolet Impala lowrider and challenge him to a friendly drag race. However, Pablo is aware that there is a cop hiding ahead, and proceeds within the speed limit, letting Victor get pulled over. The police officer recognizes Victor as a well known character in the community and lets him off with a stern warning.\nOn a subsequent evening, Victor and Sal encounter Pablo again and actually drag race. Victor loses control and spins out and is charged with reckless driving. His license is revoked and his Porsche impounded as a result.\nForced to ride the bus, Victor meets Caroline Summers who owns an organic cafe called the \\\"Cuckoo Cafe\\\" and heads a grassroots organization to save the endangered desert tortoise. Victor particularly wins her heart when he and Sal, using Sal\\'s expertise as a jeweler, repair a 19th century cuckoo clock, a family heirloom of Caroline\\'s, which had not functioned for years, but for which her Cafe is named.\nVictor\\'s relationship with Caroline is not without rough patches. Victor\\'s worst faux-pas is accusing Caroline of having an affair with Diego Lozana, a successful painter. It turns out that Caroline spends a lot of time with him because he is the main benefactor of her charity to save the tortoise, and she has commissioned him to paint a partially nude portrait of her (which resulted in Victor seeing her in a state of undress in his presence). It turns out that Diego is gay and happily married to a man. Victor must humbly apologize to Caroline.","parent_id":"aadb48a71bfa33b5a88a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"aadb48a71bfa33b5a88a:1","document_content":"# Senior Moment\nVictor, twice, believes he sees his Porsche being driven in the area, and with the help of Pablo, who has befriended him and feels somewhat responsible for Victor losing his car and license, catches the private security guard at the impound lot illegally renting it out. The excitement and anger of this discovery cause Victor to have a heart attack and Pablo drives him to the hospital in the Porsche. Theft charges for taking the Porsche from the impound lot are dropped due to the emergency of the heart attack.\nEventually, Victor passes the necessary written and behind the wheel tests to get his driver\\'s license reinstated. He sells his Porsche to Pablo for far below its value as thanks for saving his life, and buys a BMW i8 to replace it, and Sal is seen cruising in Pablo\\'s lowrider, apparently having bought it.\nThrough their relationship, Victor develops a passion for saving the desert tortoise, and Caroline develops a guilty pleasure of riding in fast cars, despite her environmentalist leanings.\n- William Shatner as Victor Martin - A retired pilot and sports car enthusiast.\n- Jean Smart as Caroline Summers - Environmentalist who runs an organization to save the desert tortoise and owns an organic cafe. Victor meets her when forced to ride the bus, and they begin a romantic relationship.\n- Christopher Lloyd as Sal Spinelli - Victor\\'s best friend. A retired jeweler.\n- Esai Morales as Diego Lozana - A successful artist and primary benefactor of Caroline\\'s charity. Victor falsely believes at one point that Caroline is having an affair with him.\n- Don McManus as Rock Kendall - A sleazy attorney who Victor hires to help get his Driver\\'s License back.\n- Carlos Miranda as Pablo Torres - Victor\\'s street racing rival and, later, good friend.\n- Beth Littleford as Assistant DA Tess Woodson - She prosecutes Victor for reckless driving. Victor learns that she has unfairly made the driving test considerably more difficult than it used to be.\n- Katrina Bowden as Kristen - A model who has posed with Victor\\'s car in car magazine spreads. She and Victor share a close but innocent platonic friendship.\n- Ephraim Lopez as Steve - Victor\\'s neighbor that he gets to know and becomes friends with when his lifestyle is forced to slow down when he loses his drivers license.\n- Kaye Ballard\n- Denise DuBarry\n- Kal Smith as Timmy\n- \\\"Hollywood\\\" Joe Estevez","parent_id":"aadb48a71bfa33b5a88a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"aadb48a71bfa33b5a88a:2","document_content":"# Senior Moment\nShatner was cast in the film in March 2017. Lloyd was cast in April 2017. Smart and Lopez were cast in May 2017.\nThe film was shot in Palm Springs, California in 2017.\nIn January 2021, Screen Media Films acquired worldwide distribution rights to the film, which was released in theaters and on demand in March 2021.\nOn Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a 21% approval rating based on 19 reviews, with an average rating of 4.2\/10. On Metacritic, it has a weighted average score of 41 out of 100, based on reviews from 5 critics, indicating \\\"mixed or average reviews\\\".\nGlenn Kenny of *The New York Times* wrote: \\\"This is the kind of movie that is usually defended with one word: \\'harmless\\'.\\\"\nRichard Roeper of *Chicago Sun-Times* gave it 2 out of 4 and wrote: \\\"Built of sitcom-style hijinks and pretty light on those, it\\'s barely a movie\\...\\\"","parent_id":"aadb48a71bfa33b5a88a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"341d1ef5c4b3623ff767:0","document_content":"# 2gether: The Movie\n***2gether: The Movie*** (; *The Movie*, \\'Because We Belong Together the Movie\\') is a 2021 Thai romantic comedy-drama film based on *2gether: The Series*, which is an adaptation of the 2019 Thai novel of the same name, and *Still 2gether* by JittiRain. It is directed by Weerachit Thongjila, Noppharnach Chaiwimol y Kanittha Kwanyu and produced by GMMTV with The One Enterprise. The film stars Metawin \\\"Win\\\" Opas-iamkajorn and Vachirawit \\\"Bright\\\" Chivaaree.\nThe film was originally set to be released theatrically in Thailand on 22 April 2021, but was postponed due to an upsurge of COVID-19 cases in the country. The film had its theatrical debut first in Japan on June 4, 2021, and was released in Thailand on November 11, 2021. It is later released on the Disney+ Hotstar streaming service in Thailand on February 11, 2022.\n- Metawin Opas-iamkajorn (Win) as Tine Teepakorn\n- Vachirawit Chivaaree (Bright) as Sarawat Guntithanon\n- Korawit Boonsri (Gun) as Green\n- Sivakorn Lertchuchot (Guy) as Dim\n- Rachanun Mahawan (Film) as Earn\n- Pattranite Limpatiyakorn (Love) as Pear\n- Thanawat Rattanakitpaisan (Khaotung) as Fong\n- Chayakorn Jutamat (JJ) as Ohm\n- Chanagun Arpornsutinan (Gunsmile) as Boss\n- Chinnarat Siriphongchawalit (Mike) as Man\n- Sattabut Laedeke (Drake) as Mil\n- Thanatsaran Samthonglai (Frank) as Phukong\n- Jirakit Kuariyakul (Toptap) as Type\n\n### Album\n#### 2gether Special Album\nCredits adapted from Spotify and Line Music.\n\n### Singles\nTitle\nArtist\nAlbum Details\n*Ten Years Later*\nMetawin Opas-iamkajorn\n- Released: March 30, 2021\n- Language: Thai\n*\u0e01\u0e2d\u0e14\u0e17\u0e35 (ONE HUG)*","parent_id":"341d1ef5c4b3623ff767","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"341d1ef5c4b3623ff767:1","document_content":"# 2gether: The Movie\n### Singles\nVachirawit Chivaaree\n- Released: October 1, 2021\n- Language: Thai","parent_id":"341d1ef5c4b3623ff767","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e323e521aa6fc3f2de7a:0","document_content":"# My Love (2021 film)\n***My Love*** is a 2021 Chinese romantic comedy film directed and co-written by Han Tian. It is a remake of the 2018 South Korean film *On Your Wedding Day*. The film stars Greg Hsu and Zhang Ruonan, and features Ding Guansen, Yan Zidong, Guo Cheng and Wang Shasha in supporting roles. The plot follows a story of first love, spanning fifteen years, from teenagers to adults.\nThe film was released on April 30, 2021. It received mixed reviews from critics but was widely successful at the box office, making it the highest-grossing romantic comedy film of 2021 in China. The film has grossed over \\$114 million worldwide.\nBack in high school, Zhou Xiaoqi (Greg Hsu) was a student with swimming speciality. You Yongci (Zhang Ruonan) was a transfer student of the same high school. At the first sight, Zhou fell in love with You. Before Zhou expressed his true feelings, You left without saying goodbye. Zhou holds and protects this young and ignorant pure love inside his heart for over 15 years.\nPrincipal photography began at the end of May 2020, at locations such as Fuzhou, Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou in China and wrapped on July 28, 2020.\n*My Love* premiered at the Saga Luxury Cinemas in Hangzhou on April 27, 2021, and was theatrically released in China on April 30, 2021. The film was released in Singapore on May 6 and in Brunei on May 13. Opening in theaters in North America, Australia and New Zealand starts from May 7. The film was released in Taiwan through streaming on July 9, and was released in South Korea theatrically on August 25. It had planned release date in Malaysia on May 6, and was delayed to September 16 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.\n\n### Box office\n*My Love* grossed CN\u00a5424 million (US\\$65.6 million) in its three day opening weekend in China.\n\n### Critical response\nOn the Chinese review aggregator Maoyan, more than 650,000 audiences rated this film and the average rating is 8.0\/10.","parent_id":"e323e521aa6fc3f2de7a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e323e521aa6fc3f2de7a:1","document_content":"# My Love (2021 film)\n### Critical response\nLim Yian Lu from Singapore, reviewing the film for Yahoo Life, wrote: \\\"Being a romance drama, the plot takes its audience through all the highs and lows of the couple's love story. Although 115 minutes can be a little long, the details are well executed, lending depth to not only the characters, but also their relationship.\\\"\n\n### Accolades\n`Year`\n`Award`\n`Category`\n`Recipient`\n`Result`\n`2020`\n`Douyin\u00a0Entertainment\u00a0Annual\u00a0Awards`\n`The\u00a0Most\u00a0Anticipated\u00a0Romance\u00a0Movie`\n*`My Love`*\n`2021`\n`Huading\u00a0Awards`\n`Best\u00a0New\u00a0Actor`\n`Greg\u00a0Hsu`","parent_id":"e323e521aa6fc3f2de7a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2132feb3f6c7dd6ea7d6:0","document_content":"# The Worst Person in the World (film)\n***The Worst Person in the World*** () is a 2021 romantic black comedy-drama film directed by Joachim Trier. It is the third film in the director\\'s \\\"Oslo Trilogy\\\", following *Reprise* (2006) and *Oslo, August 31st* (2011). The film premiered in competition at the 2021 Cannes Film Festival to widespread critical acclaim, with Renate Reinsve winning the award for Best Actress for her performance in the film. At the 94th Academy Awards, the film was nominated for Best International Feature Film and Best Original Screenplay. The score for the film was written by Ola Fl\u00f8ttum.\n**Prologue**\nJulie is a medical student in Oslo who, after having an epiphany, decides to pursue psychology and break up with her boyfriend. She then begins dating one of her professors. After going through her camera roll on her phone, she then decides to become a photographer. While out with her next boyfriend, a model, she meets Aksel Willman, an acclaimed comic artist fifteen years her senior. Despite their age gap, the two hit it off and begin a relationship.\n**Chapter 1: The Others**\nJulie, now dabbling in writing, spends a weekend with Aksel at his parents\\' house. Aksel floats the idea of starting a family to Julie, but Julie says she is not ready and is unsure when she will be, especially after watching Aksel\\'s niece having a tantrum. Later, a drunken party ends in disaster when the wife of Aksel\\'s brother hits her head with a lamp, leading to a heated discussion that Aksel and Julie overhear. However, the next morning, Julie watches the couple reconcile, as well as Aksel coloring with his nephews.\n**Chapter 2: Cheating**\nWhile walking home from a publishing event for Aksel, Julie crashes a wedding reception and meets Eivind, a barista. Though both are in relationships, they spend the entire night together, sharing intimacies but arguably never cheating on their significant others. They exchange only their first names and plan no further encounter.\n**Chapter 3: Oral Sex in the Age of #MeToo**\nJulie writes a blog post about feminism and oral sex. Aksel is impressed with it and encourages her to post it online, where it receives attention.\n**Chapter 4: Our Own Family**","parent_id":"2132feb3f6c7dd6ea7d6","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2132feb3f6c7dd6ea7d6:1","document_content":"# The Worst Person in the World (film)\nJulie celebrates her 30th birthday at her divorced mother\\'s home along with Aksel and Julie\\'s grandmother. Julie\\'s estranged father fails to attend, claiming he injured his back. Days later, Julie and Aksel visit her father. Julie asks him if he has read her article, and he claims he was unable to open the link. Julie\\'s teenage half-sister inadvertently reveals that Julie\\'s father was watching her play at a football tournament on the day of her birthday. He makes excuses to decline Aksel\\'s invitation to visit him and Julie in Oslo. On the way home, Aksel tells Julie she needs to make her own family.\n**Chapter 5: Bad Timing**\nWhile working at a bookstore, Julie encounters Eivind and his girlfriend Sunniva. Julie and Eivind talk while Sunniva waits outside. While having dinner with Aksel\\'s brother and sister-in-law, Aksel complains about the cinematic adaptation of his comic series Bobcat, in which his politically incorrect series is turned into a family-friendly Christmas film, leading to a complete monologue that makes Julie feel bored and ignored. Julie, feeling disillusioned, dreams that she goes on a date with Eivind, where they fall in love. Because of this, she breaks up with Aksel, but they have sex one last time before she leaves his apartment, though she implies that they could reconcile at some point.\n**Chapter 6: Finnmark Highlands**\nThe history of Eivind and Sunniva\\'s relationship is shown. After a close encounter with a reindeer while on a camping trip, Sunniva is compelled to research her ancestry, which determines that she is 3.1% S\u00e1mi. This leads her to becoming an avid climate change and indigenous peoples\\' rights activist. Eivind begins to grow exhausted with their restrictive lifestyle, at which point he encounters Julie in the bookstore.\n**Chapter 7: A New Chapter**\nJulie and Eivind move in together. Though he has since broken up with Sunniva, he still follows her on Instagram, which does not trouble Julie.\n**Chapter 8: Julie\\'s Narcissistic Circus**","parent_id":"2132feb3f6c7dd6ea7d6","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2132feb3f6c7dd6ea7d6:2","document_content":"# The Worst Person in the World (film)\nEivind hosts a small party where one of his friends uncovers Eivind\\'s stash of psychedelic mushrooms. After consuming them, Julie envisions herself completely naked, older and with a kid at her breast, she feels vulnerable at the gaze of all her former lovers and even Bobcat who eats her child in a hot dog, then she sees her father sitting on a couch and she sits in front of him angrily throwing her bloodied tampon. When she gets up she realizes she made a mess in Eivind\\'s apartment. The following night, she confides in Eivind that she can be herself around him, but he seems to ignore her claims.\n**Chapter 9: Bobcat Wrecks Xmas**\nWhile exercising at the gym, Julie watches an NRK TV interview in which Aksel defends his Bobcat comics against a feminist critique. When the host accuses his comics of being sexist, Aksel goes into a fiery defense of his work.\n**Chapter 10: First Person Singular**\nAksel\\'s brother happens upon Julie at work and discloses that Aksel has inoperable pancreatic cancer. Sometime later, Eivind comes across a short story Julie had written. When he assumes it is based on her real-life experiences, Julie angrily denies this and accuses him of being satisfied with never achieving anything in his life.\n**Chapter 11: Positive**\nJulie learns she is pregnant and delays telling Eivind. She visits Aksel in the hospital and they review their lives apart. Aksel confides that he is devastated by the prospect that he no longer has a future, and Julie admits that she is pregnant. Despite his assertions that she would be a good mother, she is unsure of whether she wants to keep the baby. Returning home, Julie finally tells Eivind about her pregnancy, and they decide to separate while she determines whether she wants to keep the child.\n**Chapter 12: Everything Comes to an End**","parent_id":"2132feb3f6c7dd6ea7d6","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2132feb3f6c7dd6ea7d6:3","document_content":"# The Worst Person in the World (film)\nAksel takes Julie to the building where he grew up and was inspired to become an artist. He tells her that he wishes he could continue living with her and not simply live on as a memory. She later receives a voicemail from Aksel\\'s brother reporting that his condition has worsened and that he will likely not make it through the night. She sadly walks the streets of Oslo and watches the sunrise the following morning. While showering, Julie miscarries.\n**Epilogue**\nSome time later, Julie is working as an on-set photographer for a film shoot. She photographs an actress and then, gazing through a window, sees the actress outside with Eivind and a baby. She returns home to edit the day's photos.\nMK2 Films secured a sales deal on the film in February 2021. The film had its world premiere in competition for the Palme d\\'Or at the 2021 Cannes Film Festival on 7 July. A week later, the film\\'s US distribution rights were sold to Neon, while the India, UK and Ireland rights were acquired by Mubi.\n*The Worst Person in the World* had its North American premiere on 11 September as a Gala Presentation at the 2021 Toronto International Film Festival. The film was released theatrically in France on 13 October 2021 by Memento Distribution, in Norway on 15 October 2021 by SF Studios and in Sweden on 19 November 2021 by TriArt Film.\n*The Guardian\\'s* Peter Bradshaw described the film as \\\"one of Cannes\\' best\\\" and \\\"an instant classic\\\". Richard Lawson of *Vanity Fair* called it \\\"exquisite, wistful (and downright sad)\\\", praising the cast performances and Trier\\'s writing. In his review for *IndieWire*, David Ehrlich gave the film a grade of B and commended Reinsve\\'s performance, stating \\\"If Julie is less of a character than a vividly realized archetype, Reinsve didn't get the message.\\\" *Vanity Fair* and *The Atlantic* declared *The Worst Person in the World* to be the best film of 2021.\n\n### Accolades\n`Award`\n`Date\u00a0of\u00a0ceremony`\n`Category`\n`Recipient(s)`\n`Result`\nCannes Film Festival\n17 July 2021\n`Palme\u00a0d'Or`\n`Joachim\u00a0Trier`\n`Best\u00a0Actress`\n`Renate\u00a0Reinsve`","parent_id":"2132feb3f6c7dd6ea7d6","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2132feb3f6c7dd6ea7d6:4","document_content":"# The Worst Person in the World (film)\n### Accolades\nGotham Independent Film Awards\n`29\u00a0November\u00a02021`\n`Best\u00a0International\u00a0Feature`\n*The Worst Person in the World*\n`National\u00a0Board\u00a0of\u00a0Review`\n`3\u00a0December\u00a02021`\n`Top\u00a0Five\u00a0Foreign\u00a0Language\u00a0Films`\n`New\u00a0York\u00a0Film\u00a0Critics\u00a0Circle`\n`3\u00a0December\u00a02021`\nBest Foreign Language Film\n`Washington\u00a0D.C.\u00a0Area\u00a0Film\u00a0Critics\u00a0Association\u00a0Awards`\n`6\u00a0December\u00a02021`\n`Best\u00a0Foreign\u00a0Language\u00a0Film`\nEuropean Film Awards\n`11\u00a0December\u00a02021`\n`Best\u00a0Screenwriter`\n`Joachim\u00a0Trier`\n`Best\u00a0Actress`\n`Renate\u00a0Reinsve`\nChicago Film Critics Association Awards\n15 December 2021\nBest Foreign Language Film\n*The Worst Person in the World*\nLos Angeles Film Critics Association Awards\n18 December 2021\n`Best\u00a0Actress`\nRenate Reinsve\nDallas--Fort Worth Film Critics Association\n20 December 2021\n`Best\u00a0Foreign\u00a0Language\u00a0Film`\n*`The Worst Person in the World`*\nAlliance of Women Film Journalists Awards\nJanuary 2022\n`Best\u00a0Breakthrough\u00a0Performance`\nRenate Reinsve\n`Most\u00a0Daring\u00a0Performance`\nNational Society of Film Critics\n8 January 2022\n`Best\u00a0Actress`\n`Renate\u00a0Reinsve`\n`Best\u00a0Supporting\u00a0Actor`\n`Anders\u00a0Danielsen\u00a0Lie`\n`Belgian\u00a0Film\u00a0Critics\u00a0Association`\n`8\u00a0January\u00a02022`\n`Grand\u00a0Prix`\n*The Worst Person in the World*\n`San\u00a0Diego\u00a0Film\u00a0Critics\u00a0Society`\n`10\u00a0January\u00a02021`\n`Best\u00a0International\u00a0Film`\nSan Francisco Bay Area Film Critics Circle\n10 January 2022\n`Best\u00a0Foreign\u00a0Language\u00a0Film`\nAustin Film Critics Association\n11 January 2022\n`Best\u00a0International\u00a0Film`\n`Toronto\u00a0Film\u00a0Critics\u00a0Association`\n`16\u00a0January\u00a02022`\n`Best\u00a0Foreign\u00a0Language\u00a0Film`\nSeattle Film Critics Society\n17 January 2022\n`Best\u00a0Film\u00a0Not\u00a0in\u00a0the\u00a0English\u00a0Language`\n`Best\u00a0Actress\u00a0in\u00a0a\u00a0Leading\u00a0Role`\n`Renate\u00a0Reinsve`\nHouston Film Critics Society Awards\n19 January 2022\n`Best\u00a0Foreign\u00a0Language\u00a0Film`\n*The Worst Person in the World*\nOnline Film Critics Society Awards\n24 January 2022\n`Best\u00a0Picture`\n`Best\u00a0Actress`\n`Renate\u00a0Reinsve`\n`Best\u00a0Film\u00a0Not\u00a0in\u00a0the\u00a0English\u00a0Language`\n*`The Worst Person in the World`*\nLondon Film Critics Circle Awards\n6 February 2022\n`Actress\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0Year`\n`Renate\u00a0Reinsve`\n`Foreign\u00a0Language\u00a0Film\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0Year`\n*The Worst Person in the World*\n`C\u00e9sar\u00a0Awards`\n`25\u00a0February\u00a02022`\n`Best\u00a0Foreign\u00a0Film`\n`Critics'\u00a0Choice\u00a0Awards`\n`13\u00a0March\u00a02022\u00a0`\n`Best\u00a0Foreign\u00a0Language\u00a0Film`\nBritish Academy Film Awards\n13 March 2022\n`Best\u00a0Actress\u00a0in\u00a0a\u00a0Leading\u00a0Role`\n`Renate\u00a0Reinsve`","parent_id":"2132feb3f6c7dd6ea7d6","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2132feb3f6c7dd6ea7d6:5","document_content":"# The Worst Person in the World (film)\n### Accolades\n`Best\u00a0Film\u00a0Not\u00a0in\u00a0the\u00a0English\u00a0Language`\n*The Worst Person in the World*\nSatellite Awards\n2 April 2022\n`Best\u00a0Foreign\u00a0Language\u00a0Film`\n`Best\u00a0Actress\u00a0in\u00a0a\u00a0Motion\u00a0Picture\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Comedy\u00a0or\u00a0Musical`\n`Renate\u00a0Reinsve`\nAcademy Awards\n27 March 2022\n`Best\u00a0Original\u00a0Screenplay`\n`Eskil\u00a0Vogt\u00a0and\u00a0Joachim\u00a0Trier`\n`Best\u00a0International\u00a0Feature\u00a0Film`\n`Norway`\n- List of submissions to the 94th Academy Awards for Best International Feature Film\n- List of Norwegian submissions for the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film","parent_id":"2132feb3f6c7dd6ea7d6","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"373b5df7cb1b3a6ce5d0:0","document_content":"# AlphaGo (film)\n***AlphaGo*** is a 2017 documentary directed by Greg Kohs about the Google DeepMind Challenge Match with top-ranked Go player Lee Sedol.\nThe film presents how AlphaGo, a computer program developed by DeepMind Technologies, mastered the game of Go through artificial intelligence. Its competence was tested by Lee Sedol, a South Korean world champion.\n*AlphaGo* was released in New York City on September 29, 2017, and Los Angeles next month.\n\n### Critical response\n*AlphaGo* earned positive reviews. On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 100%, with an average score of 8\/10, based on 10 reviews. Charlotte O\\'Sullivan of *Evening Standard* gave the film 4 stars out of five, calling it a \\\"gripping, emotional documentary, which gets us thinking, about thinking, in a whole new way.\\\"\n\n### Accolades\n#### Winner\n- Denver International Film Festival (2017) - Maysles Brothers Award, Best documentary\n- New Media Film Festival (2018) - Best Trailer\n- Traverse City Film Festival (2017) - Knowledge is Power Science Prize\n- Warsaw International Film Festival (2017) - Audience Award, documentary feature\n\n#### Nominee\n- Anchorage International Film Festival (2017) - Best Documentary Feature\n- Critics\\' Choice Documentary Awards (2017) - Best Sports Documentary\n- Philadelphia Film Festival (2017) - Student Choice Award","parent_id":"373b5df7cb1b3a6ce5d0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"61e9735d6482f35a6b47:0","document_content":"# Huling Ulan sa Tag-Araw\n***Huling Ulan sa Tag-Araw*** () is a 2021 Philippine romantic comedy drama film directed by Louie Ignacio under Heaven\\'s Best Entertainment. It stars Rita Daniela and Ken Chan.\nLuis (Ken Chan), a seminarian, was given a leave to give him time to ponder whether he wants to become a priest. In his first night out, he encounters Luisa (Rita Daniela), a singer and sex worker, and unintentionally disrupted her transaction with a client. To compensate, Luis pays her money in exchange of going with him to his parents\\' house in Pagsanjan. There, the two develop feelings for each other.\n- Ken Chan as Luis\n- Rita Daniela as Luisa\n- Lotlot de Leon as Luis\\' mother\n- Richard Yap as Luis\\' father\n*Huling Ulan sa Tag-Araw* was produced under Heaven\\'s Best Entertainment with Louie Ignacio as director. Filming took around eight to nine days in Pagsanjan, Laguna. *Huling Ulan sa Tag-Araw* marks the film debut for Rita Daniela and Ken Chan as a love team.\n*Huling Ulan sa Tag-Araw* will premiere on December 25, 2021 in the Philippines as one of the official entries of the 2021 Metro Manila Film Festival.","parent_id":"61e9735d6482f35a6b47","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7e25884f0a3d42cb3678:0","document_content":"# The Ultimate Playlist of Noise\n***The Ultimate Playlist of Noise*** is a 2021 American romantic comedy-drama film directed by Bennett Lasseter and written by Mitchell Winkie. The film stars Keean Johnson and Madeline Brewer.\n*The Ultimate Playlist of Noise* was released in the United States on January 15, 2021, by Hulu. It received mixed reviews from critics, who praised the performances of Johnson and Brewer, as well as their chemistry together, but criticized the film\\'s predictability and overreliance on clich\u00e9s.\nBefore undergoing surgery for a brain tumor that will render him deaf, high school senior Marcus embarks on a cross-country road trip to record a playlist of sounds before he can no longer hear them.\n- Keean Johnson as Marcus Lund\n- Madeline Brewer as Wendy\n- Rya Kihlstedt as Alyssa\n- Ian Gomez as Dominic\n- Bonnie Hunt as Dr.\u00a0Lubinsky\n- Emily Skeggs as Laura\n- Ariela Barer as Sarah\n- Oliver Cooper as Dennis\n- Jake Weary as Benjie\n- Carol Mansell as Aunt Delilah\n- Gordon Winarick as Alex\nOn November 1, 2019, it was announced that Keean Johnson and Madeline Brewer were cast as the leads of the film, with Bennett Lasseter directing from a screenplay by Mitchell Winkie, with LD Entertainment and American High producing, and Hulu distributing. Later that month, on November 22, it was reported that Emily Skeggs, Oliver Cooper, Ariela Barer, Jake Weary, and Gordon Winarick would also be joining the cast.\n\n### Filming\nPrincipal photography occurred in late 2019 and wrapped in mid-December. The film was shot in downtown Syracuse, New York, which served as a stand in for New York City.\n*The Ultimate Playlist of Noise* was digitally released by Hulu on January 15, 2021.\n\n### Critical response\nOn review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds a 43% rating based on 14 reviews.\nIn a negative review, Adam Graham of The Detroit News wrote that the film is, \"is a teen romance with no new material to offer.\" Allen Adams of The Maine Edge opined that the film, \"is well-intentioned and competently-made, but it simply can't hit all the notes to which it aspires.\"","parent_id":"7e25884f0a3d42cb3678","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7e25884f0a3d42cb3678:1","document_content":"# The Ultimate Playlist of Noise\n### Critical response\nCritics also noted the film\\'s similarities to *Sound of Metal*, a film released less than two months before *The Ultimate Playlist of Noise* in which a drummer played by Riz Ahmed struggles to adapt to the sudden loss of his hearing.","parent_id":"7e25884f0a3d42cb3678","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2bc8db41d6cfdb38fcd6:0","document_content":"# Skj\u00e6r i sj\u00f8en\n***Skj\u00e6r i sj\u00f8en*** (Obstacles) is a Norwegian romantic drama film from 1965 directed by Knut Andersen. The film is about an aging author that has retired to a deserted place in Southern Norway. He is divorced and burdened by his own problems. When his cheerful teenage daughter and two of her friends come to visit, the spark gradually returns to his life. The main roles are played by Henki Kolstad, Tone Danielsen, Solfrid Heier, and Kai Remlov. It is based on Arthur Omre\\'s short story \\\"Sensommer\\\" (Indian Summer).\nThe aging and divorced author Johannes M\u00f8rk relives youth\\'s intoxicating infatuation when his teenage daughter Eva, together with two young friends, sweeps into his lazy southern idyll. M\u00f8rk has long revolved around his own problems and guilt over his failed marriage. He has unconsciously been about to stagnate into a dull habit and just let old age come. Lone, one of his daughter\\'s girlfriends, makes a strong impression on him, and soon something begins to develop between them. Both the eccentric and the dour person in him have begun to stand out, but with his daughter\\'s girlfriend in his focus, new feelings awaken in Johannes M\u00f8rk. This awakening leads him to resume his relationship with his ex-wife. This also affects his daughter Eva, who has been afraid to commit because she is the child of a divorce.\n- \\\"\u00c5h -- for en dag!\\\" (melody: Egil Monn-Iversen, lyrics: Bj\u00f8rn Sand), released as the single Nor-Disc NOR 118 by Winnie (Solfrid Heier) and others in 1965\n- \\\"Minnene fra i fjor\\\" (melody: Egil Monn-Iversen, lyrics: Knut Andersen and Bj\u00f8rn Sand), released on the same single as above\n- \\\"Sj\u00f8en har mange skj\u00e6r\\\" (melody: Egil Monn-Iversen, lyrics: Bj\u00f8rn Sand).\n- \\\"De evige tre\\\" (melody: Walter Schr\u00f8der, lyrics: Tove Ditlevsen)\n<!-- -->","parent_id":"2bc8db41d6cfdb38fcd6","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2bc8db41d6cfdb38fcd6:1","document_content":"# Skj\u00e6r i sj\u00f8en\n- Henki Kolstad as Johannes M\u00f8rk, an author\n- Tone Danielsen as Eva M\u00f8rk, Johannes\\' daughter\n- Solfrid Heier as Lone\n- Wenche Sandn\u00e6s as Marit\n- Kai Remlov as Carsten, Eva\\'s boyfriend\n- Carl Henrik St\u00f8rmer as Einar, Lone\\'s boyfriend\n- John Andreassen as Kalle, Marit\\'s boyfriend\n- Synn\u00f8ve Gleditsch as Mrs.\u00a0\u00c5s, Marit\\'s mother\n- Kjell Hofstad as the mailman","parent_id":"2bc8db41d6cfdb38fcd6","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342:0","document_content":"# Fahrenheit 451\n***Fahrenheit 451*** is a 1953 dystopian novel by American writer Ray Bradbury. Often regarded as one of his best works, the novel presents a future American society where books are outlawed and \\\"firemen\\\" burn any that are found. The book\\'s tagline explains the title as \\\"the temperature at which book paper catches fire, and burns\\\": the autoignition temperature of paper. The lead character, Guy Montag, is a fireman who becomes disillusioned with his role of censoring literature and destroying knowledge, eventually quitting his job and committing himself to the preservation of literary and cultural writings.\nPeople have used this novel to focus on the historical role of book burning. In a 1956 radio interview, Bradbury said that he wrote *Fahrenheit 451* because of his concerns at the time (during the McCarthy era) about the threat of book burning in the United States. In later years, he described the book as a commentary on how mass media reduces interest in reading literature.\nIn 1954, *Fahrenheit 451* won the American Academy of Arts and Letters Award in Literature and the Commonwealth Club of California Gold Medal. It later won the Prometheus \\\"Hall of Fame\\\" Award in 1984 and a \\\"Retro\\\" Hugo Award in 2004. Bradbury was honoured with a Spoken Word Grammy nomination for his 1976 audiobook version.\nAdaptations of the novel include Fran\u00e7ois Truffaut\\'s 1966 film, Ramin Bahrani\\'s 2018 film, and two BBC Radio dramatizations.\nBradbury published a stage play version in 1979 and helped develop a 1984 interactive fiction computer game of the same name, as well as a collection of his short stories titled *A Pleasure to Burn*.\n*Fahrenheit 451* is set in an unspecified city in the year 2049 (according to Ray Bradbury\\'s Coda), though it is written as if set in a distant future. The earliest editions make clear that it takes place no earlier than the year 1960.\nThe novel is divided into three parts: \\\"The Hearth and the Salamander,\\\" \\\"The Sieve and the Sand,\\\" and \\\"Burning Bright.\\\"","parent_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342:1","document_content":"# Fahrenheit 451\n### \\\"The Hearth and the Salamander\\\"\nGuy Montag is a fireman employed to burn outlawed books, along with the houses they are hidden in. He is married but has no children. One fall night while returning from work, he meets his new neighbor, a teenage girl named Clarisse McClellan, whose free-thinking ideals and liberating spirit cause him to question his life and his own perceived happiness. Montag returns home to find that his wife Mildred has overdosed on sleeping pills, and he calls for medical attention. Two uncaring EMTs pump Mildred\\'s stomach, drain her poisoned blood, and fill her with new blood. After the EMTs leave to rescue another overdose victim, Montag goes outside and overhears Clarisse and her family talking about the way life is in this hedonistic, illiterate society. Montag\\'s mind is bombarded with Clarisse\\'s subversive thoughts and the memory of his wife\\'s near-death. Over the next few days, Clarisse faithfully meets Montag each night as he walks home. She tells him about how her simple pleasures and interests make her an outcast among her peers and how she is forced to go to therapy for her behavior and thoughts. Montag looks forward to these meetings, and just as he begins to expect them, Clarisse goes missing. He senses something is wrong.\nIn the following days, while at work with the other firemen ransacking the book-filled house of an old woman and drenching it in kerosene before the inevitable burning, Montag steals a book before any of his coworkers notice. The woman refuses to leave her house and her books, choosing instead to light a match and burn herself alive. Jarred by the woman\\'s suicide, Montag returns home and hides the stolen book under his pillow. Later, Montag wakes Mildred from her sleep and asks her if she has seen or heard anything about Clarisse McClellan. She reveals that Clarisse\\'s family moved away after Clarisse was hit by a speeding car and died four days ago. Dismayed by her failure to mention this earlier, Montag uneasily tries to fall asleep. Outside he suspects the presence of \\\"The Mechanical Hound\\\", an eight-legged robotic dog-like creature that resides in the firehouse and aids the firemen in hunting book hoarders.","parent_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342:2","document_content":"# Fahrenheit 451\n### \\\"The Hearth and the Salamander\\\"\nMontag awakens ill the next morning. Mildred tries to care for her husband but finds herself more involved in the \\\"parlor wall\\\" entertainment in the living room -- large televisions filling the walls. Montag suggests that maybe he should take a break from being a fireman after what happened last night, and Mildred panics over the thought of losing the house and her parlor wall \\\"family\\\". Captain Beatty, Montag\\'s fire chief, personally visits Montag to see how he is doing. Sensing his concerns, Beatty recounts the history of how books lost their value and how the firemen were adapted for their current role: over the course of several decades, people began to embrace new media (in this case, film and television), sports, and an ever-quickening pace of life. Books were ruthlessly abridged or degraded to accommodate short attention spans. At the same time, advances in technology resulted in nearly all buildings being made out of fireproof materials, and the traditional role of firemen in preventing fires was no longer necessary. The government instead turned the firemen into officers of society\\'s peace of mind: instead of putting out fires, they became responsible for starting them, specifically for the purpose of burning books, which were condemned as sources of confusing and depressing thoughts that only complicated people\\'s lives. After an awkward exchange between Mildred and Montag over the book hidden under Montag\\'s pillow, Beatty becomes suspicious and casually adds a passing threat as he leaves, telling Montag that if a fireman had a book, he would be asked to burn it within the following twenty-four hours. If he refused, the other firemen would come and burn it for him. The encounter leaves Montag shaken.\nAfter Beatty leaves, Montag reveals to Mildred that, over the last year, he has accumulated a stash of books that he has kept hidden in the air-conditioning duct in their ceiling. In a panic, Mildred grabs a book and rushes to throw it in the kitchen incinerator. Montag subdues her and tells her that the two of them are going to read the books to see if they have value. If they do not, he promises the books will be burned and all will return to normal.","parent_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342:3","document_content":"# Fahrenheit 451\n### \\\"The Sieve and the Sand\\\"\nMontag and Mildred discuss the stolen books, and Mildred refuses to go along with it, questioning why she or anyone else should care about books. Montag goes on a rant about Mildred\\'s suicide attempt, Clarisse\\'s disappearance and death, the old woman who burned herself, and the imminent threat of war that goes ignored by the masses. He suggests that perhaps the books of the past have messages that can save society from its own destruction. The conversation is interrupted by a call from Mildred\\'s friend, Mrs.\u00a0Bowles, and they set up a date to watch the \\\"parlor walls\\\" that night at Mildred\\'s house.\nMontag concedes that Mildred is a lost cause and he will need help to understand the books. He remembers an old man named Faber, an English professor before books were banned, whom he once met in a park. Montag makes a subway trip to Faber\\'s home along with a rare copy of the Bible, the book he stole at the woman\\'s house. Once there, Montag forces the scared and reluctant Faber into helping him by methodically ripping pages from the Bible. Faber concedes and gives Montag a homemade earpiece communicator so that he can offer constant guidance.\nAt home, Mildred\\'s friends, Mrs.\u00a0Bowles and Mrs.\u00a0Phelps arrive to watch the \\\"parlor walls.\\\" Not interested in this insipid entertainment, Montag turns off the walls and tries to engage the women in meaningful conversation, only for them to reveal just how indifferent, ignorant, and callous they truly are. Enraged by their idiocy, Montag leaves momentarily and returns with a book of poetry. This confuses the women and alarms Faber, who is listening remotely. Mildred tries to dismiss Montag\\'s actions as a tradition firemen act out once a year: they find an old book and read it as a way to make fun of how silly the past is. Montag proceeds to recite the poem *Dover Beach*, causing Mrs.\u00a0Phelps to cry. At the behest of Faber in the earpiece, Montag burns the book. Mildred\\'s friends leave in disgust, while Mildred locks herself in the bathroom and attempts to kill herself again by overdosing on sleeping pills.","parent_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342:4","document_content":"# Fahrenheit 451\n### \\\"The Sieve and the Sand\\\"\nMontag hides his books in the backyard before returning to the firehouse late at night, where he finds Beatty playing cards with the other firemen. Montag hands Beatty a book to cover for the one he believes Beatty knows he stole the night before, which is unceremoniously tossed into the trash. Beatty tells Montag that he had a dream in which they fought endlessly by quoting books to each other. Thus Beatty reveals that, despite his disillusionment, he was once an enthusiastic reader. A fire alarm sounds and Beatty picks up the address from the dispatcher system. They drive recklessly in the fire truck to the destination: Montag\\'s house.\n\n### \\\"Burning Bright\\\"\nBeatty orders Montag to destroy his house with a flamethrower, rather than the more powerful \\\"salamander\\\" that is usually used by the fire team, and tells him that his wife and her friends reported him after what happened the other night. Montag watches as Mildred walks out of the house, too traumatized about losing her parlor wall family to even acknowledge her husband\\'s existence or the situation going on around her, and catches a taxi. Montag obeys the chief, destroying the home piece by piece, but Beatty discovers Montag\\'s earpiece and plans to hunt down Faber. Montag threatens Beatty with the flamethrower and, after Beatty taunts him, Montag burns Beatty alive and knocks his co-workers unconscious. As Montag escapes the scene, the Mechanical Hound attacks him, managing to inject his leg with a tranquilizer. He destroys the Hound with the flamethrower and limps away. Before he escapes, however, he concludes that Beatty had wanted to die a long time ago and had purposely goaded Montag as well as provided him with a weapon.","parent_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342:5","document_content":"# Fahrenheit 451\n### \\\"Burning Bright\\\"\nMontag runs through the city streets towards Faber\\'s house. On his way, he crosses a wide road as a speeding car attempts to run him over, but he manages to evade the vehicle, and realizes he almost suffered the same fate as Clarisse. Faber urges him to make his way to the countryside and contact the exiled book-lovers who live there. He mentions he will be leaving on an early bus heading to St.\u00a0Louis and that he and Montag can rendezvous there later. On Faber\\'s television, they watch news reports of another Mechanical Hound being released to track down and kill Montag, with news helicopters following it to create a public spectacle. After wiping his scent from around the house in hopes of thwarting the Hound, Montag leaves Faber\\'s house. He escapes the manhunt by wading into a river and floating downstream. Montag leaves the river in the countryside, where he meets the exiled drifters, led by a man named Granger. Granger shows Montag the ongoing manhunt on a portable battery TV and predicts that \"Montag\" will be caught within the next few minutes; as predicted, an innocent man is then caught and killed.\nThe drifters are all former intellectuals. They have each memorized books should the day arrive that society comes to an end and is forced to rebuild itself anew, with the survivors learning to embrace the literature of the past. Granger asks Montag what he has to contribute to the group and Montag finds that he had partially memorized the Book of Ecclesiastes, discovering that the group has a special way of unlocking photographic memory. While learning the philosophy of the exiles, Montag and the group watch helplessly as bombers fly overhead and annihilate the city with nuclear weapons: the imminent war has begun and ended in the same night. While Faber would have left on the early bus, everyone else (possibly including Mildred) is immediately killed. Montag and the group are injured and dirtied, but manage to survive the shockwave.","parent_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342:6","document_content":"# Fahrenheit 451\n### \\\"Burning Bright\\\"\nThe following morning, Granger teaches Montag and the others about the legendary phoenix and its endless cycle of long life, death in flames, and rebirth. He adds that the phoenix must have some relationship to mankind, which constantly repeats its mistakes, but explains that man has something the phoenix does not: mankind can remember its mistakes and try to never repeat them. Granger then muses that a large factory of mirrors should be built so that people can take a long look at themselves and reflect on their lives. When the meal is over, the exiles return to the city to rebuild society.","parent_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342:7","document_content":"# Fahrenheit 451\n### \\\"Burning Bright\\\"\n- **Guy Montag** is the protagonist and a fireman who presents the dystopian world in which he lives first through the eyes of a worker loyal to it, then as a man in conflict about it, and eventually as someone resolved to be free of it. Throughout most of the book, Montag lacks knowledge and believes only what he hears. Clarisse McClellan inspires Montag's change, even though they don't know each other for very long.\n- **Clarisse McClellan** is a young girl one month short of her 17th birthday who is Montag\\'s neighbor. She walks with Montag on his trips home from work. A modern critic has described her as an example of the Manic Pixie Dream Girl, as Clarisse is an unusual sort of person compared to the others inhabiting the bookless, hedonistic society: outgoing, naturally cheerful, unorthodox, and intuitive. She is unpopular among peers and disliked by teachers for asking \\\"why\\\" instead of \\\"how\\\" and focusing on nature rather than on technology. A few days after her first meeting with Montag, she disappears without any explanation; Mildred tells Montag (and Captain Beatty confirms) that Clarisse was hit by a speeding car and that her family moved away following her death. It is implied that Beatty may have assassinated Clarisse. In the afterword of a later edition, Bradbury notes that the film adaptation changed the ending so that Clarisse (who, in the film, is now a 20-year-old schoolteacher who was fired for being unorthodox) was living with the exiles. Bradbury, far from being displeased by this, was so happy with the new ending that he wrote it into his later stage edition.\n- **Mildred \\\"Millie\\\" Montag** is Guy Montag\\'s wife. She is addicted to sleeping pills, absorbed in the shallow dramas played on her \\\"parlor walls\\\" (flat-panel televisions), and indifferent to the oppressive society around her. She is described in the book as \\\"thin as a praying mantis from dieting, her hair burnt by chemicals to a brittle straw, and her flesh like white bacon.\\\" Despite her husband\\'s attempts to break her from the spell society has on her, Mildred continues to be shallow and indifferent. After Montag scares her friends away by reading *Dover Beach*, and finding herself unable to live with someone who has been hoarding books, Mildred betrays Montag by reporting him to the firemen and abandoning him, and presumably dies when the city is bombed.\n- **Captain Beatty** is Montag\\'s boss and the book\\'s main antagonist. Once an avid reader, he has come to hate books due to their unpleasant content and contradicting facts and opinions. After he forces Montag to burn his own house, Montag kills him with a flamethrower. In a scene written years later by Bradbury for the *Fahrenheit 451* play, Beatty invites Montag to his house where he shows him walls of books left to molder on their shelves.\n- **Stoneman**and **Black** are Montag\\'s coworkers at the firehouse. They do not have a large impact on the story and function only to show the reader the contrast between the firemen who obediently do as they are told and someone like Montag, who formerly took pride in his job but subsequently realizes how damaging it is to society. Black is later framed by Montag for possessing books.\n- **Faber** is a former English professor. He has spent years regretting that he did not defend books when he saw the moves to ban them. Montag turns to him for guidance, remembering him from a chance meeting in a park sometime earlier. Faber at first refuses to help Montag and later realizes Montag is only trying to learn about books, not destroy them. He secretly communicates with Montag through an electronic earpiece and helps Montag escape the city, then gets on a bus to St.\u00a0Louis and escapes the city himself before it is bombed. Bradbury notes in his afterword that Faber is part of the name of a German manufacturer of pencils, Faber-Castell.\n- **Mrs.\u00a0Ann Bowles**and **Mrs.\u00a0Clara Phelps** are Mildred\\'s friends and representative of the anti-intellectual, hedonistic mainstream society presented in the novel. During a social visit to Montag\\'s house, they brag about ignoring the bad things in their lives and have a cavalier attitude towards the upcoming war, their husbands, their children, and politics. Mrs.\u00a0Phelps\\' husband Pete was called in to fight in the upcoming war (and believes that he\\'ll be back in a week because of how quick the war will be) and thinks having children serves no purpose other than to ruin lives. Mrs.\u00a0Bowles is a three-times-married single mother. Her first husband divorced her, her second died in a jet accident, and her third committed suicide by shooting himself in the head. She has two children who do not like or respect her due to her permissive, often negligent and abusive parenting; Mrs.\u00a0Bowles brags that her kids beat her up, and she\\'s glad she can hit back. When Montag reads *Dover Beach* to them, he strikes a chord in Mrs.\u00a0Phelps, who starts crying over how hollow her life is. Mrs.\u00a0Bowles chastises Montag for reading \\\"silly awful hurting words\\\".\n- **Granger** is the leader of a group of wandering intellectual exiles who memorize books in order to preserve their contents.","parent_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342:8","document_content":"# Fahrenheit 451\n### \\\"Burning Bright\\\"\nThe title page of the book explains the title as follows: *Fahrenheit 451---The temperature at which book paper catches fire and burns\\...*. On inquiring about the temperature at which paper would catch fire, Bradbury had been told that was the autoignition temperature of paper. In various studies, scientists have placed the autoignition temperature at a range of temperatures between , depending on the type of paper.\nBradbury\\'s lifelong passion for books began at an early age. After he graduated from high school, his family could not afford for him to attend college, so Bradbury began spending time at the Los Angeles Public Library where he essentially educated himself. As a frequent visitor to his local libraries in the 1920s and 1930s, he recalls being disappointed because they did not stock popular science fiction novels, like those of H. G. Wells, because, at the time, they were not deemed literary enough. Between this and learning about the destruction of the Library of Alexandria, a great impression was made on the young man about the vulnerability of books to censure and destruction. Later, as a teenager, Bradbury was horrified by the Nazi book burnings and later by Joseph Stalin\\'s campaign of political repression, the \\\"Great Purge\\\", in which writers and poets, among many others, were arrested and often executed.\nShortly after the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki at the conclusion of World War II, the United States focused its concern on the Soviet atomic bomb project and the expansion of communism. The House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC), formed in 1938 to investigate American citizens and organizations suspected of having communist ties, held hearings in 1947 to investigate alleged communist influence in Hollywood movie-making. These hearings resulted in the blacklisting of the so-called \\\"Hollywood Ten\\\", a group of influential screenwriters and directors. This governmental interference in the affairs of artists and creative types greatly angered Bradbury. Bradbury was bitter and concerned about the workings of his government, and a late 1949 nighttime encounter with an overzealous police officer would inspire Bradbury to write \\\"The Pedestrian\\\", a short story which would go on to become \\\"The Fireman\\\" and then *Fahrenheit 451*. The rise of Senator Joseph McCarthy\\'s hearings hostile to accused communists, beginning in 1950, deepened Bradbury\\'s contempt for government overreach.","parent_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342:9","document_content":"# Fahrenheit 451\n### \\\"Burning Bright\\\"\nThe year HUAC began investigating Hollywood is often considered the beginning of the Cold War, as in March 1947, the Truman Doctrine was announced. By about 1950, the Cold War was in full swing, and the American public\\'s fear of nuclear warfare and communist influence was at a feverish level. The stage was set for Bradbury to write the dramatic nuclear holocaust ending of *Fahrenheit 451*, exemplifying the type of scenario feared by many Americans of the time.\nBradbury\\'s early life witnessed the Golden Age of Radio, while the transition to the Golden Age of Television began right around the time he started to work on the stories that would eventually lead to *Fahrenheit 451*. Bradbury saw these forms of media as a threat to the reading of books, indeed as a threat to society, as he believed they could act as a distraction from important affairs. This contempt for mass media and technology would express itself through Mildred and her friends and is an important theme in the book.\n*Fahrenheit 451* developed out of a series of ideas Bradbury had visited in previously written stories. For many years, he tended to single out \\\"The Pedestrian\\\" in interviews and lectures as sort of a proto-*Fahrenheit 451*. In the Preface of his 2006 anthology *Match to Flame: The Fictional Paths to Fahrenheit 451* he states that this is an oversimplification. The full genealogy of *Fahrenheit 451* given in *Match to Flame* is involved. The following covers the most salient aspects.\nBetween 1947 and 1948, Bradbury wrote the short story \\\"Bright Phoenix\\\" (not published until the May 1963 issue of *The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction*) about a librarian who confronts a book-burning \\\"Chief Censor\\\" named Jonathan Barnes.\nIn late 1949, Bradbury was stopped and questioned by a police officer while walking late one night. When asked \\\"What are you doing?\\\", Bradbury wisecracked, \\\"Putting one foot in front of another.\\\" This incident inspired Bradbury to write the 1951 short story \\\"The Pedestrian\\\".","parent_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342:10","document_content":"# Fahrenheit 451\n### \\\"Burning Bright\\\"\nIn *The Pedestrian*, Leonard Mead is harassed and detained by the city\\'s remotely operated police cruiser (there\\'s only one) for taking nighttime walks, something that has become extremely rare in this future-based setting: everybody else stays inside and watches television (\\\"viewing screens\\\"). Alone and without an alibi, Mead is taken to the \\\"Psychiatric Center for Research on Regressive Tendencies\\\" for his peculiar habit. *Fahrenheit 451* would later echo this theme of an authoritarian society distracted by broadcast media.\nBradbury expanded the book-burning premise of \\\"Bright Phoenix\\\" and the totalitarian future of \\\"The Pedestrian\\\" into \\\"The Fireman\\\", a novella published in the February 1951 issue of *Galaxy Science Fiction*. \\\"The Fireman\\\" was written in the basement of UCLA\\'s Powell Library on a typewriter that he rented for a fee of ten cents per half hour. The first draft was 25,000 words long and was completed in nine days.\nUrged by a publisher at Ballantine Books to double the length of his story to make a novel, Bradbury returned to the same typing room and made the story 25000 words longer, again taking just nine days. The title \\\"Fahrenheit 451\\\" came to him on January 22. The final manuscript was ready in mid-August, 1953. The fixup was published by Ballantine in 1953.\n\n### Supplementary material\nBradbury has supplemented the novel with various front and back matter, including a 1979 coda, a 1982 afterword, a 1993 foreword, and several introductions.\nThe first U.S. printing was a paperback version from October 1953 by The Ballantine Publishing Group. Shortly after the paperback, a hardback version was released that included a special edition of 200 signed and numbered copies bound in asbestos. These were technically collections because the novel was published with two short stories: *The Playground* and *And the Rock Cried Out*, which have been absent in later printings. A few months later, the novel was serialized in the March, April, and May 1954 issues of nascent *Playboy* magazine.","parent_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342:11","document_content":"# Fahrenheit 451\n### Expurgation\nStarting in January 1967, *Fahrenheit 451* was subject to expurgation by its publisher, Ballantine Books with the release of the \\\"Bal-Hi Edition\\\" aimed at high school students. Among the changes made by the publisher were the censorship of the words \\\"hell\\\", \\\"damn\\\", and \\\"abortion\\\"; the modification of seventy-five passages; and the changing of two incidents.\nIn the first incident a drunk man was changed to a \\\"sick man\\\", while the second involved cleaning fluff out of a human navel, which instead became \\\"cleaning ears\\\" in the other. For a while both the censored and uncensored versions were available concurrently but by 1973 Ballantine was publishing only the censored version. That continued until 1979, when it came to Bradbury\\'s attention:\nIn 1979, one of Bradbury\\'s friends showed him an expurgated copy. Bradbury demanded that Ballantine Books withdraw that version and replace it with the original, and in 1980 the original version once again became available. In this reinstated work, in the Author\\'s Afterword, Bradbury relates to the reader that it is not uncommon for a publisher to expurgate an author\\'s work, but he asserts that he himself will not tolerate the practice of manuscript \\\"mutilation\\\".\nThe \\\"Bal-Hi\\\" editions are now referred to by the publisher as the \\\"Revised Bal-Hi\\\" editions.\n\n### Non-print publications\nAn audiobook version read by Bradbury himself was released in 1976 and received a Spoken Word Grammy nomination. Another audiobook was released in 2005 narrated by Christopher Hurt. The e-book version was released in December 2011.","parent_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342:12","document_content":"# Fahrenheit 451\n### Non-print publications\nIn 1954, *Galaxy Science Fiction* reviewer Groff Conklin placed the novel \\\"among the great works of the imagination written in English in the last decade or more.\\\" The *Chicago Sunday Tribune*s August Derleth described the book as \\\"a savage and shockingly prophetic view of one possible future way of life\\\", calling it \\\"compelling\\\" and praising Bradbury for his \\\"brilliant imagination\\\". Over half a century later, Sam Weller wrote, \\\"upon its publication, *Fahrenheit 451* was hailed as a visionary work of social commentary.\\\" Today, *Fahrenheit 451* is still viewed as an important cautionary tale about conformity and the evils of government censorship.\nWhen the novel was first published, there were those who did not find merit in the tale. Anthony Boucher and J. Francis McComas were less enthusiastic, faulting the book for being \\\"simply padded, occasionally with startlingly ingenious gimmickry,\u00a0\\... often with coruscating cascades of verbal brilliance but too often merely with words.\\\" Reviewing the book for *Astounding Science Fiction*, P. Schuyler Miller characterized the title piece as \\\"one of Bradbury\\'s bitter, almost hysterical diatribes,\\\" while praising its \\\"emotional drive and compelling, nagging detail.\\\" Similarly, *The New York Times* was unimpressed with the novel and further accused Bradbury of developing a \\\"virulent hatred for many aspects of present-day culture, namely, such monstrosities as radio, TV, most movies, amateur and professional sports, automobiles, and other similar aberrations which he feels debase the bright simplicity of the thinking man\\'s existence.\\\"\n*Fahrenheit 451* was number seven on the list of \\\"Top Check Outs OF ALL TIME\\\" by the New York Public Library\n\n### Censorship\/banning incidents\nIn the years since its publication, *Fahrenheit 451* has occasionally been banned, censored, or redacted in some schools at the behest of parents or teaching staff either unaware of or indifferent to the inherent irony in such censorship. Notable incidents include:","parent_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342:13","document_content":"# Fahrenheit 451\n### Censorship\/banning incidents\n- In Apartheid South Africa the book was burned along with thousands of banned publications between the 1950s and 1970s.\n- In 1987, *Fahrenheit 451* was given \\\"third tier\\\" status by the Bay County School Board in Panama City, Florida, under then-superintendent Leonard Hall\\'s new three-tier classification system. Third tier was meant for books to be removed from the classroom for \\\"a lot of vulgarity.\\\" After a resident class-action lawsuit, a media stir, and student protests, the school board abandoned their tier-based censorship system and approved all the currently used books.\n- In 1992, Venado Middle School in Irvine, California, gave copies of *Fahrenheit 451* to students with all \\\"obscene\\\" words blacked out. Parents contacted the local media and succeeded in reinstalling the uncensored copies.\n- In 2006, parents of a 10th-grade high school student in Montgomery County, Texas, demanded the book be banned from their daughter\\'s English class reading list. Their daughter was assigned the book during Banned Books Week, but stopped reading several pages in due to what she considered the offensive language and description of the burning of the Bible. In addition, the parents protested the violence, portrayal of Christians, and depictions of firemen in the novel.\nDiscussions about *Fahrenheit 451* often center on its story foremost as a warning against state-based censorship. Indeed, when Bradbury wrote the novel during the McCarthy era, he was concerned about censorship in the United States. During a radio interview in 1956, Bradbury said:I wrote this book at a time when I was worried about the way things were going in this country four years ago. Too many people were afraid of their shadows; there was a threat of book burning. Many of the books were being taken off the shelves at that time. And of course, things have changed a lot in four years. Things are going back in a very healthy direction. But at the time I wanted to do some sort of story where I could comment on what would happen to a country if we let ourselves go too far in this direction, where then all thinking stops, and the dragon swallows his tail, and we sort of vanish into a limbo and we destroy ourselves by this sort of action.","parent_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342:14","document_content":"# Fahrenheit 451\n### Censorship\/banning incidents\nAs time went by, Bradbury tended to dismiss censorship as a chief motivating factor for writing the story. Instead he usually claimed that the real messages of *Fahrenheit 451* were about the dangers of an illiterate society infatuated with mass media and the threat of minority and special interest groups to books. In the late 1950s, Bradbury recounted:In writing the short novel *Fahrenheit 451*, I thought I was describing a world that might evolve in four or five decades. But only a few weeks ago, in Beverly Hills one night, a husband and wife passed me, walking their dog. I stood staring after them, absolutely stunned. The woman held in one hand a small cigarette-package-sized radio, its antenna quivering. From this sprang tiny copper wires which ended in a dainty cone plugged into her right ear. There she was, oblivious to man and dog, listening to far winds and whispers and soap-opera cries, sleep-walking, helped up and down curbs by a husband who might just as well not have been there. This was *not* fiction.","parent_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342:15","document_content":"# Fahrenheit 451\n### Censorship\/banning incidents\nThis story echoes Mildred\\'s \\\"Seashell ear-thimbles\\\" (i.e., a brand of in-ear headphones) that act as an emotional barrier between her and Montag. In a 2007 interview, Bradbury maintained that people misinterpret his book and that *Fahrenheit 451* is really a statement on how mass media like television marginalizes the reading of literature. Regarding minorities, he wrote in his 1979 Coda:There is more than one way to burn a book. And the world is full of people running about with lit matches. Every minority, be it Baptist\/Unitarian, Irish\/Italian\/Octogenarian\/Zen Buddhist, Zionist\/Seventh-day Adventist, Women\\'s Lib\/Republican, Mattachine\/Four Square Gospel feels it has the will, the right, the duty to douse the kerosene, light the fuse.\u00a0\\... Fire-Captain Beatty, in my novel *Fahrenheit 451*, described how the books were burned first by minorities, each ripping a page or a paragraph from this book, then that, until the day came when the books were empty and the minds shut and the libraries closed forever.\u00a0\\... Only six weeks ago, I discovered that, over the years, some cubby-hole editors at Ballantine Books, fearful of contaminating the young, had, bit by bit, censored some seventy-five separate sections from the novel. Students, reading the novel, which, after all, deals with censorship and book-burning in the future, wrote to tell me of this exquisite irony. Judy-Lynn del Rey, one of the new Ballantine editors, is having the entire book reset and republished this summer with all the damns and hells back in place.\nBook-burning censorship, Bradbury would argue, was a side-effect of these two primary factors; this is consistent with Captain Beatty\\'s speech to Montag about the history of the firemen. According to Bradbury, it is the people, not the state, who are the culprit in *Fahrenheit 451*. Nevertheless, the role of censorship, state-based or otherwise, is still perhaps the most frequent theme explored in the work.","parent_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342:16","document_content":"# Fahrenheit 451\n### Censorship\/banning incidents\nA variety of other themes in the novel besides censorship have been suggested. Two major themes are resistance to conformity and control of individuals via technology and mass media. Bradbury explores how the government is able to use mass media to influence society and suppress individualism through book burning. The characters Beatty and Faber point out that the American population is to blame. Due to their constant desire for a simplistic, positive image, books must be suppressed. Beatty blames the minority groups, who would take offense to published works that displayed them in an unfavorable light. Faber went further to state that the American population simply stopped reading on their own. He notes that the book burnings themselves became a form of entertainment for the general public.\nIn a 1994 interview, Bradbury stated that *Fahrenheit 451* was more relevant during this time than in any other, stating that, \\\"it works even better because we have political correctness now. Political correctness is the real enemy these days. The black groups want to control our thinking and you can\\'t say certain things. The homosexual groups don't want you to criticize them. It\\'s thought control and freedom of speech control.\\\"\nBradbury described himself as \\\"a *preventor* of futures, not a predictor of them.\\\" He did not believe that book burning was an inevitable part of the future; he wanted to warn against its development. In a later interview, when asked if he believes that teaching *Fahrenheit 451* in schools will prevent his totalitarian vision of the future, Bradbury replied in the negative. Rather, he states that education must be at the kindergarten and first-grade level. If students are unable to read then, they will be unable to read *Fahrenheit 451*.\nOn account of technology, Sam Weller notes that Bradbury \\\"predicted everything from flat-panel televisions to earbud headphones and twenty-four-hour banking machines.\\\"\n\n### Television\n*Playhouse 90* broadcast \\\"A Sound of Different Drummers\\\" on CBS in 1957, written by Robert Alan Aurthur. The play combined plot ideas from *Fahrenheit 451* and *Nineteen Eighty-Four*. Bradbury sued and eventually won on appeal.","parent_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342:17","document_content":"# Fahrenheit 451\n### Film\nA film adaptation written and directed by Fran\u00e7ois Truffaut and starring Oskar Werner and Julie Christie was released in 1966.\nA film adaptation directed by Ramin Bahrani and starring Michael B. Jordan, Michael Shannon, Sofia Boutella, and Lilly Singh was released in 2018 for HBO.\n\n### Theater\nIn the late 1970s Bradbury adapted his book into a play. At least part of it was performed at the Colony Theatre in Los Angeles in 1979, but it was not in print until 1986 and the official world premiere was only in November 1988 by the Fort Wayne, Indiana Civic Theatre. The stage adaptation diverges considerably from the book and seems influenced by Truffaut\\'s movie. For example, fire chief Beatty\\'s character is fleshed out and is the wordiest role in the play. As in the movie, Clarisse does not simply disappear but in the finale meets up with Montag as a book character (she as Robert Louis Stevenson, he as Edgar Allan Poe).\nThe UK premiere of Bradbury\\'s stage adaptation was not until 2003 in Nottingham, while it took until 2006 before the Godlight Theatre Company produced and performed its New York City premiere at 59E59 Theaters. After the completion of the New York run, the production then transferred to the Edinburgh Festival where it was a 2006 Edinburgh Festival *Pick of the Fringe*.\nThe Off-Broadway theatre The American Place Theatre presented a one man show adaptation of *Fahrenheit 451* as a part of their 2008--2009 Literature to Life season.\n*Fahrenheit 451* inspired the Birmingham Repertory Theatre production *Time Has Fallen Asleep in the Afternoon Sunshine*, which was performed at the Birmingham Central Library in April 2012.\n\n### Radio\nIn 1982, Gregory Evans\\' radio dramatization of the novel was broadcast on BBC Radio 4 starring Michael Pennington as Montag. It was broadcast eight more times on BBC Radio 4 Extra, twice each in 2010, 2012, 2013, and 2015.\nBBC Radio\\'s second dramatization, by David Calcutt, was broadcast on BBC Radio 4 in 2003, starring Stephen Tomlin in the same role.\n\n### Music\nIn 1984 the new wave band Scortilla released the song Fahrenheit 451 inspired by the book by R. Bradbury and the film by F. Truffaut.","parent_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342:18","document_content":"# Fahrenheit 451\n### Computer games\nIn 1984, the novel was adapted into a computer text adventure game of the same name by the software company Trillium.\n\n### Comics\nIn June 2009, a graphic novel edition of the book was published. Entitled *Ray Bradbury\\'s Fahrenheit 451: The Authorized Adaptation*, the paperback graphic adaptation was illustrated by Tim Hamilton. The introduction in the novel is written by Bradbury.\nMichael Moore\\'s 2004 documentary *Fahrenheit 9\/11* refers to Bradbury\\'s novel and the September 11 attacks, emphasized by the film\\'s tagline \\\"The temperature where freedom burns\\\". The film takes a critical look at the presidency of George W. Bush, the War on Terror, and its coverage in the news media, and became the highest grossing documentary of all time. Bradbury, a conservative, was upset by what he considered the appropriation of his title, and wanted the film renamed. Moore filmed a subsequent documentary about the election of Donald Trump called *Fahrenheit 11\/9* in 2018.\nIn 2015, the Internet Engineering Steering Group approved the publication of *An HTTP Status Code to Report Legal Obstacles*, now , which specifies that websites forced to block resources for legal reasons should return a status code of 451 when users request those resources.\nGuy Montag (as Gui Montag), is used in the 1998 real-time strategy game *Starcraft* as a terran firebat hero.\n- *Brave New World*\n- Dystopia\n- Firefighter arson\n- *Nineteen Eighty-Four*\n<!-- -->\n- \n- \n-","parent_id":"cce5c377dbd8eb82d342","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"18477337500ddbcd019c:0","document_content":"# Keep the Aspidistra Flying\nBook cover of a *Penguin Books* edition.\n***Keep the Aspidistra Flying***, first published in 1936, is a socially critical novel by George Orwell. It is set in 1930s London. The main theme is Gordon Comstock\\'s romantic ambition to defy worship of the money-god and status, and the dismal life that results.\nOrwell wrote the book in 1934 and 1935, when he was living at various locations near Hampstead in London, and drew on his experiences in these and the preceding few years. At the beginning of 1928 he lived in lodgings in Portobello Road from where he started his tramping expeditions, sleeping rough and roaming the poorer parts of London. At this time he wrote a fragment of a play in which the protagonist Stone needs money for a life-saving operation for his child. Stone would prefer to prostitute his wife rather than prostitute his artistic integrity by writing advertising copy.","parent_id":"18477337500ddbcd019c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"18477337500ddbcd019c:1","document_content":"# Keep the Aspidistra Flying\nOrwell\\'s early writings appeared in *The Adelphi*, a left-wing literary journal edited by Sir Richard Rees, a wealthy and idealistic baronet who made Orwell one of his prot\u00e9g\u00e9s. The character of Ravelston, the wealthy publisher in *Keep the Aspidistra Flying*, has a lot in common with Rees. Ravelston is acutely self-conscious about his upper-class status and defensive about his unearned income. Comstock speculates that Ravelston receives nearly two thousand pounds a year after tax---a very comfortable sum in those days---and Rees, in a volume of autobiography published in 1963, wrote: \\\"I have never had the spending of much less than \u00a31,000 a year of unearned income, and sometimes considerably more. \\... Before the war, this was wealth, especially for an unmarried man. Many of my socialist and intellectual friends were paupers compared to me \\...\\\" In quoting this, Orwell\\'s biographer Michael Shelden comments that \\\"One of these \\'paupers\\'---at least in 1935---was Orwell, who was lucky if he made \u00a3200 that year. \\... He appreciated Rees\\'s editorial support at the *Adelphi* and sincerely enjoyed having him as a friend, but he could not have avoided feeling some degree of resentment toward a man who had no real job but who enjoyed an income four or five times greater than his.\\\"\nIn 1932 Orwell took a job as a teacher in a small school in West London. From there he visited Burnham Beeches and other places in the countryside. There are allusions to Burnham Beeches and walks in the country in Orwell\\'s correspondence at this time with Brenda Salkeld and Eleanor Jacques.","parent_id":"18477337500ddbcd019c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"18477337500ddbcd019c:2","document_content":"# Keep the Aspidistra Flying\nIn October 1934, after Orwell had spent nine months at his parents\\' home in Southwold, his aunt Nellie Limouzin found him a job as a part-time assistant in Booklovers\\' Corner, a second-hand bookshop in Hampstead run by Francis and Myfanwy Westrope. The Westropes, who were friends of Nellie in the Esperanto movement, had an easygoing outlook and provided Orwell with comfortable accommodation at Warwick Mansions, Pond Street. He was job sharing with Jon Kimche who also lived with the Westropes. Orwell worked at the shop in the afternoons, having the mornings free to write and the evenings to socialise. He was at Booklovers\\' Corner for fifteen months. His essay \\\"Bookshop Memories\\\", published in November 1936, recalled aspects of his time at the bookshop, and in *Keep the Aspidistra Flying* \\\"he described it, or revenged himself upon it, with acerbity and wit and spleen.\\\" In their study of Orwell the writers Stansky & Abrahams remarked upon the improvement on the \\\"stumbling attempts at female portraiture in his first two novels: the stereotyped Elizabeth Lackersteen in *Burmese Days* and the hapless Dorothy in *A Clergyman\\'s Daughter*\\\" and contended that, in contrast, \\\"Rosemary is a credible female portrait\\\". Through his work in the bookshop Orwell was in a position to become acquainted with women, \\\"first as a clerk, then as a friend\\\", and found that, \\\"if circumstances were favourable, he might eventually embark upon a \\'relationship\\' \\... This, for Orwell the author and Blair the man, was the chief reward of working at Booklovers\\' Corner.\\\" In particular, Orwell met Sally Jerome, who was then working for an advertising agency (like Rosemary in *Keep the Aspidistra Flying*), and Kay Ekevall, who ran a small typing and secretarial service that did work for the *Adelphi*.","parent_id":"18477337500ddbcd019c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"18477337500ddbcd019c:3","document_content":"# Keep the Aspidistra Flying\nBy the end of February 1935 Orwell had moved into a flat in Parliament Hill; his landlady, Rosalind Obermeyer, was studying at the University of London. It was through a joint party with his landlady that Orwell met his future wife, Eileen O\\'Shaughnessy. In August Orwell moved into a flat in Kentish Town, which he shared with Michael Sayers and Rayner Heppenstall. Over this period he was working on *Keep the Aspidistra Flying*, and had two novels, *Burmese Days* and *A Clergyman\\'s Daughter*, published. At the beginning of 1936 Orwell was dealing with pre-publication issues for *Keep the Aspidistra Flying* while he was touring the North of England collecting material for *The Road to Wigan Pier*. The novel was published by Victor Gollancz Ltd on 20 April 1936.\nTwo aspidistra plants -- \\\"The types he saw all round him, especially the older men, made him squirm. That was what it meant to worship the money-god! To settle down, to Make Good, to sell your soul for a villa and an aspidistra! To turn into the typical bowler-hatted sneak -- Strube\\'s \\'little man\\' -- What a fate!\\\" (Ch III)\nThe aspidistra is a hardy, long-living plant that is used as a house plant in England, and which can grow to an impressive, even unwieldy size. It was especially popular in the Victorian era, in large part because it could tolerate not only weak sunlight but also the poor indoor air quality that resulted from the use of oil lamps and, later, coal gas lamps. They had fallen out of favour by the 20th century, following the advent of electric lighting. Their use had been so widespread among the middle class that they had become a music hall joke appearing in songs such as \\\"Biggest Aspidistra in the World,\\\" of which Gracie Fields made a recording.\nIn the titular phrase, Orwell uses the aspidistra, a symbol of the stuffiness of middle-class society, in conjunction with the locution \\\"to keep the flag (or colours) flying.\\\" The title can thus be interpreted as a sarcastic exhortation in the sense of \\\"Hooray for the middle class!\\\"","parent_id":"18477337500ddbcd019c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"18477337500ddbcd019c:4","document_content":"# Keep the Aspidistra Flying\nOrwell also used the phrase in his previous novel *A Clergyman\\'s Daughter* (1935), where a character sings the words to the tune of the German national anthem.\nIn subsequent adaptions and translations, the original title has frequently been altered; in German, to \\\"The Joys of the Aspidistra,\\\" in Spanish to \\\"Don\\'t Let the Aspidistra Die,\\\" in Italian to \\\"May the Aspidistra Bloom,\\\" in Dutch to \\\"Keep the Sanseveria High.\\\" The 1997 movie adaptation was released in the United States as *A Merry War*.\n\\\"Keep the aspidistra flying!\\\" is the final line of *Nexus* by Henry Miller, published in 1959. Orwell owned some of Miller\\'s works while he was working at Booklovers\\' Corner. The books were banned in the U.K. at the time.\nGordon Comstock has \\'declared war\\' on what he sees as an \\'overarching dependence\\' on money by leaving a promising job as a copywriter for an advertising company called \\'New Albion\\'---at which he shows great dexterity---and taking a low-paying job instead, ostensibly so he can write poetry. Coming from a respectable family background in which the inherited wealth has now become dissipated, Gordon resents having to work for a living. The \\'war\\' (and the poetry), however, aren\\'t going particularly well and, under the stress of his \\'self-imposed exile\\' from affluence, Gordon has become absurd, petty and deeply neurotic.\nComstock lives without luxuries in a bedsit in London, which he affords by working in a small bookshop owned by a Scot, McKechnie. He works intermittently at a *magnum opus* he plans to call \\'London Pleasures\\', describing a day in London; meanwhile, his only published work, a slim volume of poetry entitled *Mice*, collects dust on the remainder shelf. He is simultaneously content with his meagre existence and also disdainful of it. He lives without financial ambition and the need for a \\'good job,\\' but his living conditions are uncomfortable and his job is boring.","parent_id":"18477337500ddbcd019c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"18477337500ddbcd019c:5","document_content":"# Keep the Aspidistra Flying\nComstock is \\'obsessed\\' by what he sees as a pervasion of money (the \\'Money God\\', as he calls it) behind social relationships, feeling sure that women would find him more attractive if he were better off. At the beginning of the novel, he senses that his girlfriend Rosemary Waterlow, whom he met at New Albion and who continues to work there, is dissatisfied with him because of his poverty. An example of his financial embarrassment is when he is desperate for a pint of beer at his local pub, but has run out of pocket money and is ashamed to cadge a drink off his fellow lodger, Flaxman.\nOne of Comstock\\'s last remaining friends, Philip Ravelston, a Marxist who publishes a magazine called *Anti-Christ*, agrees with Comstock in principle, but is comfortably well-off himself and this causes strains when the practical miseries of Comstock\\'s life become apparent. He does, however, endeavour to publish some of Comstock\\'s work and his efforts, unbeknownst to Comstock, had resulted in *Mice* being published via one of his publisher contacts.","parent_id":"18477337500ddbcd019c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"18477337500ddbcd019c:6","document_content":"# Keep the Aspidistra Flying\nGordon and Rosemary have little time together---she works late and lives in a hostel, and his \\'bitch of a landlady\\' forbids female visitors to her tenants. Then one evening, having headed southward and having been thinking about women---*this women business* in general, and Rosemary in particular---he happens to see Rosemary in a street market. Rosemary won\\'t have sex with him but she wants to spend a Sunday with him, right out in the country, near Burnham Beeches. At their parting, as he takes the tram from Tottenham Court Road back to his bedsit, he is happy and feels that somehow it is agreed between them that Rosemary is going to be his mistress. However, what was intended as a pleasant day out away from London\\'s grime turns into a disaster when, though hungry, they opt to pass by a \\'rather low-looking\\' pub, and then, not able to find another pub, are forced to eat an unappetising lunch at a fancy, overpriced hotel. Gordon has to pay the bill with all the money he had set aside for their jaunt and worries about having to borrow money from Rosemary. Out in the countryside again, they are about to have sex for the first time when she violently pushes him back---he wasn\\'t going to use contraception. He rails at her; \\\"Money again, you see! \\... You say you \\'can\\'t\\' have a baby. \\... You mean you daren\\'t; because you\\'d lose your job and I\\'ve got no money and all of us would starve.\\\"","parent_id":"18477337500ddbcd019c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"18477337500ddbcd019c:7","document_content":"# Keep the Aspidistra Flying\nHaving sent a poem to an American publication, Gordon suddenly receives from them a cheque worth ten pounds---a considerable sum for him at the time. He intends to set aside half for his sister Julia, who has always been there to lend him money and support. He treats Rosemary and Ravelston to dinner, which begins well, but the evening deteriorates as it proceeds. Gordon, drunk, tries to force himself upon Rosemary but she angrily rebukes him and leaves. Gordon continues drinking, drags Ravelston with him to visit a pair of prostitutes, and ends up broke and in a police cell the next morning. He is guilt-ridden over the thought of being unable to pay his sister back the money he owes her, because his \u00a35 note is gone, given to, or stolen by, one of the prostitutes.\nRavelston pays Gordon\\'s fine after a brief appearance before the magistrate, but a reporter hears about the case, and writes about it in the local paper. The ensuing publicity results in Gordon losing his job at the bookshop, and, consequently, his relatively \\'comfortable\\' lifestyle. As Gordon searches for another job, his life deteriorates, and his poetry stagnates. After living with his friend Ravelston, Gordon ends up working, this time in Lambeth, at another book shop and cheap two-penny lending library owned by the sinister Mr.\u00a0Cheeseman, where he\\'s paid an even smaller wage of 30 shillings a week. This is 10 shillings less than he was earning before, but Gordon is satisfied; \\\"The job would do. There was no *trouble* about a job like this; no room for ambition, no effort, no hope.\\\" Determined to sink to the lowest level of society Gordon takes a furnished bed-sitting-room in a filthy alley parallel to Lambeth Cut. Both Julia and Rosemary, \\\"in feminine league against him,\\\" seek to get Gordon to go back to his \\'good\\' job at the New Albion advertising agency.","parent_id":"18477337500ddbcd019c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"18477337500ddbcd019c:8","document_content":"# Keep the Aspidistra Flying\nRosemary, having avoided Gordon for some time, suddenly comes to visit him one day at his dismal lodgings. Despite his terrible poverty and shabbiness, they have sex but it is without any emotion or passion. Later, Rosemary drops in one day unexpectedly at the library, having not been in touch with Gordon for some time, and tells him that she is pregnant. Gordon is presented with the choice between leaving Rosemary to a life of social shame at the hands of her family---since both of them reject the idea of an abortion---or marrying her and returning to a life of respectability by taking back the job he once so deplored at the New Albion with its \u00a34 weekly salary.\nHe chooses Rosemary and respectability and then experiences a feeling of relief at having abandoned his anti-money principles with such comparative ease. After two years of abject failure and poverty, he throws his poetic work \\'London Pleasures\\' down a drain, marries Rosemary, resumes his advertising career, and plunges into a campaign to promote a new product to prevent foot odour. In his lonely walks around mean streets, aspidistras seem to appear in every lower-middle class window. As the book closes, Gordon wins an argument with Rosemary to install an aspidistra in their new small but comfortable flat off the Edgware Road.","parent_id":"18477337500ddbcd019c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"18477337500ddbcd019c:9","document_content":"# Keep the Aspidistra Flying\n- Gordon Comstock\u00a0-- a \\\"well-educated and reasonably intelligent\\\" young man possessed of a minor \\'talent for writing\\'.\n- Rosemary Waterlow\u00a0-- Comstock\\'s girlfriend, whom he met at the advertising agency, who lives in a women\\'s hostel and who has a forgiving nature, but about whom little else is revealed.\n- Philip Ravelston\u00a0-- the wealthy left-wing publisher and editor of the magazine *Antichrist* who supports and encourages Comstock.\n- Julia Comstock\u00a0-- Gordon\\'s sister, who is as poor as he is and who, having always made sacrifices for him, continues to do so: \\\"A tall, ungainly girl -- her nature was simple and affectionate.\\\"\n- Mrs.\u00a0Wisbeach\u00a0-- landlady of the lodging house in Willowbed Road who imposes strict rules on her tenants, including Comstock.\n- Mr Flaxman\u00a0-- Comstock\\'s fellow lodger, a travelling salesman for the Queen of Sheba Toilet Requisites Co.\u00a0who is temporarily separated from his wife.\n- Mr McKechnie\u00a0-- the lazy, white-haired and white-bearded, teetotal and snuff-taking Scot who owns the first bookshop.\n- Mr Cheeseman\u00a0-- the sinister and suspicious owner of the second bookshop.\n- Mr Erskine\u00a0-- a large, slow-moving man with a broad, healthy, expressionless face who is the managing director of the advertising agency, the New Albion Publicity Company, and promotes Gordon to a position as a copywriter.","parent_id":"18477337500ddbcd019c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"18477337500ddbcd019c:10","document_content":"# Keep the Aspidistra Flying\nNo need to repeat the blasphemous comments which everyone who had known Gran\\'pa Comstock made on that last sentence. But it is worth pointing out that the chunk of granite on which it was inscribed weighed close on five tons and was quite certainly put there with the intention, though not the conscious intention, of making sure that Gran\\'pa Comstock shouldn\\'t get up from underneath it. If you want to know what a dead man\\'s relatives really think of him, a good rough test is the weight of his tombstone.\n\n:   : Gordon and his friends had quite an exciting time with their \\'subversive ideas\\'. For a whole year they ran an unofficial monthly paper called the Bolshevik, duplicated with jellygraph. It advocated Socialism, free love, the dismemberment of the British Empire, the abolition of the Army and Navy, and so on and so forth. It was great fun. Every intelligent boy of sixteen is a Socialist. At that age one does not see the hook sticking out of the rather stodgy bait.\n\nGordon put his hand against the swing door. He even pushed it open a few inches. The warm fog of smoke and beer slipped through the crack. A familiar, reviving smell; nevertheless as he smelled it his nerve failed him. No! Impossible to go in. He turned away. He couldn\\'t go shoving into that saloon bar with only fourpence halfpenny in his pocket. Never let other people buy your drinks for you! The first commandment of the moneyless. He made off down the dark pavement.\n\n:   : Hermione always yawned at the mention of Socialism, and refused even to read Antichrist. \\'Don\\'t talk to me about the lower classes,\\' she used to say. \\'I hate them. They smell.\\' And Ravelston adored her.\n\nThis woman business! What a bore it is! What a pity we can\\'t cut it right out, or at least be like the animals---minutes of ferocious lust and months of icy chastity. Take a cock pheasant, for example. He jumps up on the hen\\'s backs without so much as a with your leave or by your leave. And no sooner is it over than the whole subject is out of his mind. He hardly even notices his hens any longer; he ignores them, or simply pecks them if they come too near his food.\n\n:   : Before, he had fought against the money code, and yet he had clung to his wretched remnant of decency. But now it was precisely from decency that he wanted to escape. He wanted to go down, deep down, into some world where decency no longer mattered; to cut the strings of his self-respect, to submerge himself---to sink, as Rosemary had said. It was all bound up in his mind with the thought of being under ground. He liked to think of the lost people, the under-ground people: tramps, beggars, criminals, prostitutes\\... He liked to think that beneath the world of money there is that great sluttish underworld where failure and success have no meaning; a sort of kingdom of ghosts where all are equal \\... It comforted him somehow to think of the smoke-dim slums of South London sprawling on and on, a huge graceless wilderness where you could lose yourself forever.","parent_id":"18477337500ddbcd019c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"18477337500ddbcd019c:11","document_content":"# Keep the Aspidistra Flying\nCyril Connolly wrote two reviews at the time of the novel\\'s publication. In the *Daily Telegraph* he described it as a \\\"savage and bitter book\\\", and wrote that \\\"the truths which the author propounds are so disagreeable that one ends by dreading their mention.\\\" In the *New Statesman* he wrote that it gave \\\"a harrowing and stark account of poverty\\\", and referred to its \\\"clear and violent language, at times making the reader feel he is in a dentist\\'s chair with the drill whirring\\\".\nFor an edition of the BBC Television show *Omnibus*, (*The Road to the Left*, broadcast 10 January 1971), Melvyn Bragg interviewed Norman Mailer. Bragg said he \\\"just assumed Mailer had read Orwell. In fact he\\'s mad on him.\\\" Of *Keep the Aspidistra Flying* Mailer said : \\\"It is perfect from the first page to the last.\\\"\nOrwell wrote in a letter to George Woodcock dated 28 September 1946 that *Keep the Aspidistra Flying* was one of the two or three of his books that he was ashamed of because it \\\"was written simply as an exercise and I oughtn\\'t to have published it, but I was desperate for money. At that time I simply hadn\\'t a book in me, but I was half starved and had to turn out something to bring in \u00a3100 or so.\\\" Like *A Clergyman\\'s Daughter*, Orwell did not want the book reprinted during his lifetime. Orwell\\'s biographer Jeffrey Meyers found the novel flawed by weaknesses in plot, style and characterisation, but praised \\\"a poignant and moving quality that comes from Orwell\\'s perceptive portrayal of the alienation and loneliness of poverty, and from Rosemary\\'s tender response to Gordon\\'s mean misery\\\". The novel has won other admirers besides Mailer, notably Lionel Trilling, who called it \\\"a *summa* of all the criticisms of a commercial civilization that have ever been made\\\".","parent_id":"18477337500ddbcd019c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"18477337500ddbcd019c:12","document_content":"# Keep the Aspidistra Flying\nTosco Fyvel, literary editor of *Tribune* from 1945 to 1949, and a friend and colleague of Orwell\\'s during the last ten years of Orwell\\'s life, found it interesting that \\\"through Gordon Comstock Orwell expressed violent dislike of London\\'s crowded life and mass advertising---a foretaste here of *Nineteen Eighty-Four*. Orwell has Gordon reacting to a poster saying *Corner Table Enjoys His Meal With Bovex* in a manner already suggesting that of the later novel:\n\\\"Gordon examined the thing with the intimacy of hatred.... Corner Table grins at you, seemingly optimistic, with a flash of false teeth. But what is behind the grin? Desolation, emptiness, prophecies of doom. ---For can you not see --- Behind that slick self-satisfaction, that tittering fat-bellied triviality, there\\'s nothing but a frightful emptiness, a secret despair? And the reverberations of future wars.\\\"\nCatherine Blount pointed also to the theme of a London couple needing to go into the countryside in order to find a private place to have sex, which has a significant place in the plot of \\\"Aspidistra\\\" and which is taken up prominently in \\\"Nineteen Eighty-Four\\\". Orwell biographer D. J. Taylor said of Comstock, \\\"Like Dorothy in *A Clergyman's Daughter* and like Winston Smith in *Nineteen Eighty-Four*, he rebels against the system and is ultimately swallowed up by it \\... Like Winston Smith, he rebels, the rebellion fails, and he has to reach an accommodation with a world he'd previously disparaged\\\".\nA film adaptation of the same name was released in 1997. It, was directed by Robert Bierman, and stars Richard E. Grant and Helena Bonham Carter. The film was released in North America and New Zealand under the alternative title of *A Merry War*.","parent_id":"18477337500ddbcd019c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d312b66aa8a645349771:0","document_content":"# Thinks ...\n***Thinks \\...*** is a 2001 novel by British author David Lodge. The novel concerns the extramarital affairs between faculty members at a fictional British university.\nHelen Reed, an English novelist in her early forties, arrives at the University of Gloucester to spend the term there as \\\"writer-in-residence\\\" and to teach a creative writing class. Still grieving over the death of her beloved husband, Helen thinks a change of scenery might be a good idea to get over her loss. Apart from the English Department, she is intrigued by the department of Cognitive Science and by its head, 50-year-old Ralph Messenger, to whom she is introduced at a social function very soon during her stay. Helen feels curiously attracted by Messenger but she soon learns about his reputation as a womaniser.\nWhen a student submits some chapters from the novel she is writing, Helen recognises one of the male characters as having been modelled on her late husband Martin. Gradually it dawns upon Helen that her husband must have had a succession of young lovers, with everyone except herself knowing everything. During a fundraising event, Carrie tells Helen she knows about her husband\\'s flings and, by taking a lover herself, tries to get back at him. Ralph Messenger, she is quite sure, does not know anything about her affair. Helen decides to get on with her life and allows herself to be drawn into an affair with Messenger. Soon, Helen ponders whether she is falling in love with him.\nWhen he is waiting for Helen in her maisonette, Messenger cannot resist the temptation to turn on her laptop and read parts of her journal. This is how he learns about his wife\\'s infidelity. When Helen enters her apartment, his jealousy gets the better of him so that he cannot hide the fact that he has invaded her privacy.","parent_id":"d312b66aa8a645349771","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d312b66aa8a645349771:1","document_content":"# Thinks ...\nRalph Messenger undergoes surgery, after which he loses his reputation as a woman-chaser. In 1999, he publishes a new book entitled *Machine Living* and in due course is awarded a CBE. He never confronts Carrie with her affair and remains married to her. Helen Reed returns to London and resumes writing. In the following year she publishes *Crying is a Puzzler*, a novel about life on campus quite similar to that of the University of Gloucester.\n*The Guardian* gave a neutral review, noting the similarities between *Thinks\\...* and Lodge\\'s other \\\"campus novels,\\\" as well as Lodge\\'s use of his characters as philosophical mouthpieces. Literary website *Bookish Thoughts* called *Thinks\\...* \\\"a thought experiment on the nature of consciousness\\\" even as it cautioned readers about extensive and explicit discussions of sex.\n- Secker & Warburg, 2001,\n- Penguin Books, 2002, (United States).\n- Penguin Books Ltd, 2005, (United Kingdom).","parent_id":"d312b66aa8a645349771","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"681dd8355f0fea58c2b9:0","document_content":"# Coming Up for Air\n***Coming Up for Air*** is the seventh book by English writer George Orwell, published in June 1939 by Victor Gollancz. It was written between 1938 and 1939 while Orwell spent time recuperating from illness in French Morocco, mainly in Marrakesh. He delivered the completed manuscript to Victor Gollancz upon his return to London in March 1939. The story follows George Bowling, a 45-year-old husband, father, and insurance salesman, who foresees World War II and attempts to recapture idyllic childhood innocence and escape his dreary life by returning to Lower Binfield, his birthplace. The novel is comical and pessimistic, with its views that (a) speculative builders, commercialism, and capitalism are killing the best of rural England, and (b) his country is facing the sinister appearance of new, external national threats.\nAs a child, Orwell lived at Shiplake and Henley in the Thames Valley. His father, Richard Walmesley Blair, was a civil servant in British India, and he lived a genteel life with his mother and two sisters, though spending much of the year at boarding school at Eastbourne and later at Eton in Britain. He particularly enjoyed fishing and shooting rabbits with a neighbouring family.\nIn 1937 Orwell spent some months fighting in the Spanish Civil War. He was wounded in the throat in May 1937, by a Fascist sniper at Huesca.","parent_id":"681dd8355f0fea58c2b9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"681dd8355f0fea58c2b9:1","document_content":"# Coming Up for Air\nOrwell was severely ill in 1938 and was advised to spend the winter in a warm climate. The novelist L. H. Myers anonymously gave \u00a3300 to enable this and Orwell went with his wife to North Africa where he stayed, in French Morocco, mainly in Marrakesh, from September 1938 to March 1939. (Orwell never learned the source of the money and he accepted it only on condition that it be considered a loan. He repaid the loan, eight years later, when he began making money from the success of *Animal Farm*.) Orwell wrote *Coming Up for Air* while he was in North Africa and left the manuscript at his agent\\'s office within a few hours of arriving back in England on March 30, 1939. It was submitted to Victor Gollancz, who had an option on Orwell\\'s next three novels, in spite of the \\'cold treatment which Orwell had been given when *Homage to Catalonia* was rejected.\\' In fact Orwell heard in April 1939 that Gollancz had reservations about the book, and was delaying a decision to accept it. The descriptions in the novel of a character who lectures at a meeting of Gollancz\\'s Left Book Club, and of the meeting itself, were such that Gollancz \\'could not have helped being offended by them.\\' Nevertheless, the publisher did bring out the novel without demanding major changes and it was published on June 12, 1939. It was the last Orwell novel to bear the Gollancz imprint.\nThe themes of the book are nostalgia, the folly of trying to go back and recapture past glories and the easy way the dreams and aspirations of one\\'s youth can be smothered by the humdrum routine of work, marriage and getting old. It is written in the first person, with George Bowling, the forty-five-year-old protagonist, who reveals his life and experiences while undertaking a trip back to his boyhood home as an adult.","parent_id":"681dd8355f0fea58c2b9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"681dd8355f0fea58c2b9:2","document_content":"# Coming Up for Air\nAt the opening of the book, Bowling has a day off work to go to London to collect a new set of false teeth. A news-poster about the contemporary King Zog of Albania sets off thoughts of a biblical character Og, King of Bashan that he recalls from Sunday church as a child. Along with \\'some sound in the traffic or the smell of horse dung or something\\' these thoughts trigger Bowling\\'s memory of his childhood as the son of an unambitious seed merchant in \\\"Lower Binfield\\\" near the River Thames. Bowling relates his life history, dwelling on how a lucky break during the First World War landed him in a comfortable job away from any action and provided contacts that helped him become a successful salesman.\nBowling is wondering what to do with a modest sum of money that he has won on a horserace and which he has concealed from his wife and family. Much later (part III) he and his wife attend a Left Book Club meeting where he is horrified by the hate shown by the anti-fascist speaker, and bemused by the Marxist ramblings of the communists who have attended the meeting. Fed up with this, he seeks his friend Old Porteous, the retired schoolmaster. He usually enjoys Porteous\\' company, but on this occasion his dry dead classics makes Bowling even more depressed.","parent_id":"681dd8355f0fea58c2b9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"681dd8355f0fea58c2b9:3","document_content":"# Coming Up for Air\nBowling decides to use the money on a \\'trip down memory lane\\', to revisit the places of his childhood. He recalls a particular pond with huge fish in it which he had missed the chance to try and catch thirty years previously. He therefore plans to return to Lower Binfield but when he arrives, he finds the place unrecognisable. Eventually he locates the old pub where he is to stay, finding it much changed. His home has become a tea shop. Only the church and vicar appear the same but he has a shock when he discovers an old girlfriend, for she has been so ravaged by time that she is almost unrecognisable and is utterly devoid of the qualities he once adored. She fails to recognise him at all. Bowling remembers the slow and painful decline of his father\\'s seed business\u00a0-- resulting from the nearby establishment of corporate competition. This painful memory seems to have sensitised him to -- and given him a repugnance for -- what he sees as the marching ravages of \\\"Progress\\\". The final disappointment is to find that the estate where he used to fish has been built over, and the secluded and once hidden pond that contained the huge carp he always intended to take on with his fishing rod, but never got around to, has become a rubbish dump. The social and material changes experienced by Bowling since childhood make his past seem distant. The concept of \\\"you can\\'t go home again\\\" hangs heavily over Bowling\\'s journey, as he realises that many of his old haunts are gone or considerably changed from his younger years.\nThroughout the adventure he receives reminders of impending war, and the threat of bombs becomes real when one lands accidentally on the town.\n- George Bowling is a fat, married, middle-aged (45 years old) insurance salesman, with \\'two kids and a house in the suburbs\\'.\nOrwell\\'s brother-in-law, Humphry Dakin, the husband of Orwell\\'s elder sister Marjorie, a \\'short, stout, loquacious\\' man, thought that Bowling might be a portrait of him. He had known Blair (Orwell) since they were youngsters, when the Blairs lived at Henley-on-Thames and later when they lived at Southwold where he married Marjorie.","parent_id":"681dd8355f0fea58c2b9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"681dd8355f0fea58c2b9:4","document_content":"# Coming Up for Air\n- Joe Bowling is George\\'s elder brother. He was not intellectual, and, according to George \\'therefore he had a slight proficiency in mechanics\\'. He never did any sizeable amount of work and worked for his dad as an \\'errand boy\\'. One day when George was younger, Joe stole all the money from the shop till. He was said to have always wanted to emigrate to America, and was never mentioned again.\n- Uncle Ezekiel is a shop owner with quite liberal beliefs, being a \\'little Englander\\'. He kept an assortment of caged birds inside his shop as decoration.\n- Hilda Bowling, his wife, belongs to the poverty-stricken officer class of an Anglo-Indian family who after marriage has settled-down into a depressed lifeless middle-aged frump. 39 years old, \\'very thin and rather wizened, with a perpetual brooding, worried look in her eyes.\\'\n- Old Porteous, a retired public-school master whose whole life has been lived in an atmosphere of Latin, Greek, and cricket.\n- Elsie, George\\'s ex-partner; they met in the vicar\\'s reading circle, and she was said to be \\'deeply feminine\\'. They stayed together \\'living in sin\\' until George enlisted. Shortly afterwards he loses contact with her. Upon his 1939 return to Lower Binfield, George sees her and remarks that \\'the milky white skin was gone\\...\\' and that she was now a cylinder with lumps sticking out. She also now speaks with a strong cockney accent and married a shop owner, also named George.","parent_id":"681dd8355f0fea58c2b9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"681dd8355f0fea58c2b9:5","document_content":"# Coming Up for Air\nIn their 1972 study of Orwell, *The Unknown Orwell*, the writers Peter Stansky and William Abrahams described the novel as *Wellsian*. Whilst at his prep school in Sussex (1911--1916), Wells had been a favourite author of Eric Blair\/Orwell. As with other writers he had read while at St Cyprian\\'s Prep school, -- Kipling, Wodehouse, Swift, Shaw, Thackeray -- his loyalty \\\"was virtually unwavering. What he valued in Wells was not the later polemicist, but the novelist whose evocation of certain aspects of life in England before the First World War recalled to Orwell comparable experiences of his own. He and Connolly would leave the school grounds and set out across the Downs to Beachy Head, or far along the plunging leafy roads that led deep into the Sussex countryside, to villages that might have figured in a Wells novel: Eastdean and Westdean and Jevington. They would pause in each, and buy penny sweets and various fizzy drinks. This was the plain, decent, bread-and-sunlit world that Orwell recalled so nostalgically the further it retreated from him; eventually he would write a Wellsian novel of this kind, in *Coming Up For Air.*\\\"","parent_id":"681dd8355f0fea58c2b9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"681dd8355f0fea58c2b9:6","document_content":"# Coming Up for Air\nThe writer Michael Levenson remarked upon the influence at this period in Orwell\\'s life, of Henry Miller, and Miller\\'s attitude to what was happening in the world. Miller sees what is happening, but is *Inside the Whale*, he \\\" feels no impulse to alter or control the process that he is undergoing. He has performed the essential Jonah act of allowing himself to be swallowed, remaining passive, *accepting* -- even when this means accepting \\\"concentration camps, rubber truncheons, Hitler, Stalin, bombs, aeroplanes.\\\" \\\"George Bowling is Orwell\\'s Jonah, and *Coming Up For Air* is in significant respects a contribution to the \\'school of Miller\\'. Hemmed in on every side \u0336 by job, home, history -- Bowling neither comprehends the political world nor tries to change it. He merely wants to rediscover the grounds of happiness. In its central movement, *Coming Up For Air* is an unembarrassedly affirmative recovery of early-century innocence:boyhood, family life and country rambling in the town of Lower Binfield. Fishing in *Coming Up For Air* is what sex was in *Tropic of Cancer*. \\'Fishing\\', as Bowling puts it, \\'is the opposite of war\\'.\nThe novel sold three thousand copies, a thousand of which represented a second printing and thus bettered \\\"the dismal response in the bookshops which had met the publication of *Homage to Catalonia*.\\\" The reviews were among the best that Orwell had received for a novel. Margery Allingham, in *Time and Tide*, wrote that her only regret \\\"is that the story was written in the first person. This device, although it has the important virtue of making the narrative clear and easy to read, tends to falsify the character slightly since Bowling\\'s uncanny perception where his own feelings are concerned makes him a little less of the ordinary mortal which his behaviour would show him to be.\\\" A recent biographer, Michael Shelden, praised the \\\"many passages of lyrical beauty, not unbecoming a novelist who once aspired to be a poet. The one serious defect in the novel is Orwell\\'s attempt to *be* the voice of his narrator-protagonist. He does not make a convincing middle-aged, overweight, suburban-dwelling, low-brow insurance salesman, and the book is at its best when Orwell is \\'out-of-character\\', speaking in a voice which is recognisably his rather than an imitation of \\'Fatty\\' Bowling\\'s.\\\"","parent_id":"681dd8355f0fea58c2b9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"681dd8355f0fea58c2b9:7","document_content":"# Coming Up for Air\nThe writers Peter Stansky and William Abrahams, in their 1972 *The Unknown Orwell*, noted: \\\"Eric Blair looked back unforgivingly on the world before 1914 -- it was that world that had sent him to his prep school -- while George Orwell could believe it was superior to what came after it, and looked back to it nostalgically in *Coming Up for Air*.\\\" The writer John Wain thought the book \\\" not a success in novelistic terms\\\", but saw \\\"vitality in its hinterland.\\\" He considered the novel \\\" a bleaker work than *Keep the Aspidistra Flying*; in *Aspidistra* everybody fears the sack, hankers for more money and security, cringes to the boss. But only to the boss at work, the economic boss. When Bowling thinks of the future, he fears not only the ever-present financial insecurity, the endless work, work, work with the gutter only a few steps away; he fears also the new breed of tyrants, the leader and his strong-arm boys.\\\" And Wain noted the third region of Bowling\\'s nightmare -- \\\" what we have since learnt to call \\'the environment\\'.\\\" He places *Coming Up For Air* alongside Orwell\\'s 1946 essay *Some Thoughts on the Common Toad* where he had written that, \\\"retaining one\\'s childhood love of such things as trees, fishes, butterflies and -- toads, one makes a peaceful and decent future a little more probable\\\". \\\"What makes *Coming Up For Air* so peculiarly bitter to the taste is that, in addition to calling up the twin spectres of totalitarianism and workless poverty, it also declares the impossibility of \\'retaining one\\'s childhood love of such things as trees, fishes, butterflies\\' -- because it postulates a world in which these things are simply not there any more.\\\"\n- Bibliography of George Orwell","parent_id":"681dd8355f0fea58c2b9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a22b5a064056d08cba75:0","document_content":"# The Bell Jar\n***The Bell Jar*** is the only novel written by the American writer and poet Sylvia Plath. Originally published under the pseudonym \\\"Victoria Lucas\\\" in 1963, the novel is semi-autobiographical with the names of places and people changed. The book is often regarded as a *roman \u00e0 clef* because the protagonist\\'s descent into mental illness parallels Plath\\'s own experiences with what may have been clinical depression or bipolar II disorder. Plath committed suicide a month after its first United Kingdom publication. The novel was published under Plath\\'s name for the first time in 1967 and was not published in the United States until 1971, in accordance with the wishes of both Plath\\'s husband, Ted Hughes, and her mother. The novel has been translated into nearly a dozen languages.\nIn 1953, Esther Greenwood, a nineteen-year-old undergraduate student from the suburbs of Boston, is awarded a summer internship at the fictional *Ladies\\' Day* magazine in New York City. During the internship, Esther feels neither stimulated nor excited by the work, fashion, and big-city lifestyle that her peers in the program seem to adore. She finds herself struggling to feel anything at all aside from anxiety and disorientation. Esther appreciates the witty sarcasm and adventurousness of another intern Doreen, but also identifies with the piety of Betsy, an old-fashioned and na\u00efve young woman. Esther has a benefactress in Philomena Guinea, a formerly successful writer of women\\'s fiction, who funds the scholarship through which Esther -- from a working-class family -- is enrolled at her college.\nEsther describes in detail several seriocomic incidents that occur during her internship, beginning with mass food-poisoning of the interns from a lunch thrown by the staff of the magazine. She reminisces about her boyfriend Buddy, whom she has dated more or less seriously, and who considers himself her *de facto* fianc\u00e9. Esther\\'s internal monologue often lingers on musings of death and violence. Shortly before the internship ends, she attends a country club party with Doreen and is set up with a man who treats her roughly and sexually assaults her, before she breaks his nose and leaves. That night, after returning to the hotel, she impulsively throws all of her brand-new and fashionable gifted clothing off the roof.","parent_id":"a22b5a064056d08cba75","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a22b5a064056d08cba75:1","document_content":"# The Bell Jar\nEsther returns to her Massachusetts home that she shares with her widowed mother. She has been hoping for another scholarly opportunity once she is back in Massachusetts, a writing course taught by a world-famous author, but on her return she is immediately told by her mother that she was not accepted for the course and finds her plans derailed. She decides to spend the summer potentially writing a novel, although she feels she lacks enough life experience to write convincingly. All of her identity has been centered upon doing well academically; she is unsure of what to make of her life once she leaves school, and none of the choices presented to her (motherhood, as exemplified by the prolific child-bearer Dodo Conway, Esther\\'s neighbour, or stereotypical female careers such as stenography) appeal to her. Esther becomes increasingly depressed, and finds herself unable to sleep. Her mother instructs her to see a psychiatrist, Dr.\u00a0Gordon, whom Esther mistrusts because he is attractive and doesn\\'t seem to listen to her. He prescribes electroconvulsive therapy (ECT); afterward, she tells her mother that she will not go back.","parent_id":"a22b5a064056d08cba75","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a22b5a064056d08cba75:2","document_content":"# The Bell Jar\nThe ECT is not effective, and Esther\\'s mental state worsens. She makes several half-hearted attempts at suicide, including swimming far out to sea, before making a serious attempt. Esther crawls into a well-hidden hole in the cellar and swallows many sleeping pills that had been prescribed for her insomnia. The newspapers presume her kidnapping and death, but she is discovered alive under her house after an indeterminate amount of time. She is sent to several different mental hospitals until her college benefactress, Philomena Guinea, supports her stay at an elite treatment center where she meets Dr.\u00a0Nolan, a female therapist. Along with regular psychotherapy sessions, Esther is given huge amounts of insulin to produce a \\\"reaction\\\" (a common -- and disproven -- psychiatric treatment at the time) and again receives shock treatments, with Dr.\u00a0Nolan ensuring that they are properly administered. While there, she describes her depression as a feeling of being trapped under a bell jar, struggling for breath. Eventually, Esther describes the ECT as beneficial in that it has a sort of antidepressant effect; it lifts the metaphorical bell jar in which she has felt trapped and stifled. While there, she also becomes reacquainted with Joan Gilling, who also used to date Buddy. Whilst Esther and Joan are hospitalised, Joan commits suicide unexpectedly. The novel heavily implies that Joan is homosexual, and attracted to or interested in Esther.\nEsther tells Dr.\u00a0Nolan how she envies the freedom that men have and how she, as a woman, worries about getting pregnant. Dr.\u00a0Nolan refers her to a doctor who fits her for a diaphragm. Esther now feels free from her fears about the consequences of sex; free from previous pressures to get married, potentially to the wrong man. Under Dr.\u00a0Nolan, Esther improves. Various significant events, such as having sex for the first time, being hospitalized as a result, and Joan\\'s suicide, provide her with new perspective. Esther interacts with Buddy once again towards the end of the novel, when he visits her to ask if it was something about him that drove women to insanity given that he dated both Joan and Esther. Buddy later wonders out loud who will marry Esther now that she has been hospitalised, effectively ending their commitment to get engaged. Esther feels relieved.","parent_id":"a22b5a064056d08cba75","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a22b5a064056d08cba75:3","document_content":"# The Bell Jar\nThe novel ends with Esther entering a conference with her doctors, who will decide whether she can leave the hospital and return to school.\nIt is suggested near the beginning of the novel that, in later years, Esther goes on to have a baby.","parent_id":"a22b5a064056d08cba75","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a22b5a064056d08cba75:4","document_content":"# The Bell Jar\n- Esther Greenwood is the protagonist of the story, an English student from Boston. While working as a summer intern at *Ladies\\' Day* magazine, she lives at the Amazon hotel in New York City along with the other women and girls working for the magazine. Esther becomes mentally unstable during that summer and the following months. The cumulative effects of fear and panic from not knowing what to do in life after graduation, professional setbacks, social alienation, traumatizing encounters such as narrowly avoiding attempted rape, and the feeling that she simply does not fit into the culturally acceptable role of womanhood contribute to her instability. Though it is not immediately apparent, unresolved grief at the death of her father when she was 8 also affects her. Having returned to live with her mother in the suburbs, and experiencing increasing insomnia, loss of appetite, inability to read or write, and she becomes fixated on and later attempts suicide. Before her mental health more precipitously declines, Esther is characterized as a hardworking student, high achieving in prizes and grades, with a vague idea she might go into publishing or being an author and poet. She is also fairly self-interested and prone to feeling withdrawn and tired. She leaves her friend Doreen with a man they just met after being asked to stay to help protect her. Later, when Doreen arrives late at night back to the hotel they both stay at asking for her, she leaves Doreen, still-drunk, to sleep on the ground near her own vomit rather than set her up in Esther's bed.\n- Doreen is a rebel-of-the-times young woman and another intern at *Ladies\\' Day*, the magazine for which Esther won an internship for the summer, and Esther\\'s best friend at the hotel in New York where all the interns stay. Esther finds Doreen\\'s confident persona enticing but also troublesome, as she longs for the same level of freedom but knows such behavior is frowned upon. Esther takes care to praise Doreen's appearance, humor, personality, and even smell, which she describes as sweaty and sweet like fresh crushed ferns. At other times Esther repudiates Doreen and swears to have little more to do with her, and to instead be friends with more conventional women like Betsy. When first looking for an escape after failing to get into her desired writing program, Esther thinks to write Doreen and ask to stay with her, but her handwriting has deteriorated and she never sends the letter.\n- Joan is an old acquaintance of Esther, who joins her at the asylum. She also dated Buddy Willard, but tells Esther later that she was more interested in keeping up relationship with Buddy's parents, who she says are much more caring and superior to her own. At the asylum she and Esther have a quiet rivalry over who will become better quicker, as appears to be common culture among the patients. Intruding, Esther finds Joan in bed with another female asylum patient, DeeDee. Esther then reflects on other women who have sex with women she has known. Ambiguously, Joan may later proposition Esther, either romantically or in a gesture of friendship. Esther tells Joan she never liked her. When Esther needs help getting to the hospital while hemorrhaging after sex with Irwin, Joan helps her get there. Joan eventually dies by suicide at the asylum. Esther attends her funeral.\n- Doctor Nolan is Esther\\'s doctor at the asylum. A beautiful and caring woman, her combination of personal sensitivity and professional ability allows her to be the first woman in Esther\\'s life she feels she can fully connect with. Nolan administers shock therapy to Esther and does it correctly, which leads to positive results.\n- Doctor Gordon is the first doctor Esther encounters. Self-obsessed and patronizing, he subjects her to traumatic shock treatments that haunt her for the rest of her time in medical care.\n- Mrs.\u00a0Greenwood, Esther\\'s mother, loves her daughter but is constantly urging Esther to mold to society\\'s ideal of white, middle-class womanhood, from which Esther feels a complete disconnection.\n- Buddy Willard is Esther\\'s former boyfriend from her hometown. Studying to become a doctor, Buddy wants a wife who mirrors his mother, and hopes Esther will be that for him. Esther adores him throughout high school, but upon learning he is not a virgin loses respect for him and names him a hypocrite. She struggles with ending the relationship after Buddy is diagnosed with tuberculosis. He eventually proposes marriage, but Esther rejects him since she has decided she will never marry, to which Buddy responds that she is crazy.\n- Mrs.\u00a0Willard, Buddy Willard\\'s mother, is a dedicated homemaker with conservative views on women's social roles and sexual propriety who is determined to have Buddy and Esther marry. Joan loves Mrs.\u00a0Willard and found her to be the mother she never had.\n- Mr.\u00a0Willard, Buddy Willard\\'s father and Mrs.\u00a0Willard\\'s husband, is a good family friend.\n- Constantin, a simultaneous interpreter with a foreign accent, takes Esther on a date while they are both in New York. They return to his apartment and Esther contemplates giving her virginity to him, but for unknown reasons he chooses to spend the night sleeping chastely side by side with Esther instead.\n- Irwin is a tall but rather ugly young man, who is Esther's first sexual experience, causing her to hemorrhage. He is a \\\"very well-paid professor of mathematics\\\" and invites Esther to have coffee, despite not knowing her at all (and not knowing she was out on leave from an asylum). The rare hemorrhage caused by penetrative sex with Irwin leads to Esther having to go to the hospital to get help to stop the bleeding.\n- Jay Cee is Esther\\'s strict boss, who is very intelligent, so \\\"her plug-ugly looks didn\\'t seem to matter\\\". She is responsible for editing Esther\\'s work.\n- Lenny Shepherd, a wealthy young man and disc jockey living in New York, invites Doreen and Esther for drinks while they are on their way to a party. They go together to his place. Doreen asks Esther to stay with her in case Lenny \"tries anything\", but Esther leaves. Doreen and Lenny start dating, taking Doreen away from Esther more often.\n- Philomena Guinea, a wealthy, elderly lady, was the person who donated the money for Esther\\'s college scholarship. Esther\\'s college requires each girl who is on scholarship to write a letter to her benefactor, thanking him or her. Philomena invites Esther to have a meal with her. At one point, she was also in an asylum herself, and pays for the \\\"upscale\\\" asylum that Esther stays in.\n- Marco, a Peruvian man and friend of Lenny Shepherd, is set up to take Esther to a party, assaults her, and attempts to rape her.\n- Betsy, a wealthier girl from the magazine, is a \\\"good\\\" girl from Kansas whom Esther strives to be more like. She serves as the opposite to Doreen, and Esther finds herself torn between the two behavioral and personality extremes.\n- Hilda is another girl from the magazine, who is generally disliked by Esther after making negative comments about the Rosenbergs, rejoicing in their imminent execution.","parent_id":"a22b5a064056d08cba75","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a22b5a064056d08cba75:5","document_content":"# The Bell Jar\nAccording to her husband, Plath began writing the novel in 1961, after publishing *The Colossus*, her first collection of poetry. Plath finished writing the novel in August 1961. After she separated from Hughes, Plath moved to a smaller flat in London, \\\"giving her time and place to work uninterruptedly. Then at top speed and with very little revision from start to finish she wrote *The Bell Jar*,\\\" he explained.\nPlath was writing the novel under the sponsorship of the Eugene F. Saxton Fellowship, affiliated with publisher Harper & Row, but it was disappointed by the manuscript and withdrew, calling it \\\"disappointing, juvenile and overwrought\\\". Early working titles of the novel included *Diary of a Suicide* and *The Girl in the Mirror*.\nThe novel is written using a series of flashbacks that reveal parts of Esther\\'s past. The flashbacks primarily deal with Esther\\'s relationship with Buddy Willard. The reader also learns more about her early college years.\n*The Bell Jar* addresses the question of socially acceptable identity. It examines Esther\\'s \\\"quest to forge her own identity, to be herself rather than what others expect her to be.\\\" Esther is expected to become a housewife, and a self-sufficient woman, without the options to achieve independence. Esther feels she is a prisoner to domestic duties and she fears the loss of her inner self. *The Bell Jar* sets out to highlight the problems with oppressive patriarchal society in mid-20th-century America.","parent_id":"a22b5a064056d08cba75","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a22b5a064056d08cba75:6","document_content":"# The Bell Jar\n### Mental health\nEsther Greenwood, the main character in *The Bell Jar*, describes her life as being suffocated by a bell jar. A bell jar is a thick glass display container sometimes used to create a vacuum space. Here, it stands for \\\"Esther\\'s mental suffocation by the unavoidable settling of depression upon her psyche\\\". Throughout the novel, Esther talks of it suffocating her, and recognizes moments of clarity when it is lifted. These moments correlate to her mental state and the effect of her depression. Scholars argue about the nature of Esther\\'s \\\"bell jar\\\" and what it can stand for. Some say it is a retaliation against suburban lifestyle, others believe it represents the standards set for a woman\\'s life. However, when considering the nature of Sylvia Plath\\'s own life and death and the parallels between *The Bell Jar* and her life, it is hard to ignore the theme of mental illness.\nPsychiatrist Aaron Beck studied Esther\\'s mental illness and notes two causes of depression evident in her life. The first is formed from early traumatic experiences, her father\\'s death when she was 9 years old. It is evident how affected she is by this loss when she wonders, \\\"I thought how strange it had never occurred to me before that I was only purely happy until I was nine years old.\\\" The second cause of her depression is from her perfectionist ideologies. Esther is a woman of many achievements -- college, internships and perfect grades. It is this success that puts the unattainable goals into her head, and when she doesn\\'t achieve them, her mental health suffers. Esther laments, \\\"The trouble was, I had been inadequate all along, I simply hadn\\'t thought about it.\\\"\nEsther Greenwood has an obvious mental break -- that being her suicide attempt which dictates the latter half of the novel. However, Esther\\'s entire life shows warning signs that cause this depressive downfall. The novel begins with her negative thoughts surrounding all her past and current life decisions. It is this mindset mixed with the childhood trauma and perfectionist attitude that causes her descent that leads her to attempt suicide.","parent_id":"a22b5a064056d08cba75","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a22b5a064056d08cba75:7","document_content":"# The Bell Jar\n### Mental health\nThis novel gives an account of the treatment of mental health in the 1950s. Plath speaks through Esther\\'s narrative to describe her experience of her mental health treatment. Just as this novel gives way to feminist discourse and challenges the way of life for women in the 1950s, it also gives a case study of a woman struggling with mental health.\nThe book contains many references to real people and events in Plath\\'s life. Plath\\'s magazine scholarship was at *Mademoiselle* magazine beginning in 1953. Philomena Guinea is based on author Olive Higgins Prouty, Plath\\'s own patron, who funded Plath\\'s scholarship to study at Smith College. Plath was rejected from a Harvard course taught by Frank O\\'Connor. Dr.\u00a0Nolan is thought to be based on Ruth Beuscher, Plath\\'s therapist, whom she continued seeing after her release from the hospital. A good portion of this part of the novel closely resembles the experiences chronicled by Mary Jane Ward in her autobiographical novel *The Snake Pit*; Plath later stated that she had seen reviews of *The Snake Pit* and believed the public wanted to see \\\"mental health stuff\\\", so she deliberately based details of Esther\\'s hospitalization on the procedures and methods outlined in Ward\\'s book. Plath was a patient at McLean Hospital, an upscale facility which resembled the \\\"snake pit\\\" much less than wards in the Metropolitan State Hospital, which may have been where Mary Jane Ward was hospitalized.\nIn a 2006 interview, Joanne Greenberg said that she had been interviewed in 1986 by one of the women who had worked on *Mademoiselle* with Plath in the college guest editors group. The woman claimed that Plath had put so many details of the students\\' lives into *The Bell Jar* that \\\"they could never look at each other again\\\", and that it had caused the breakup of her marriage and possibly others.","parent_id":"a22b5a064056d08cba75","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a22b5a064056d08cba75:8","document_content":"# The Bell Jar\n### Mental health\nJanet McCann links Plath\\'s search for female independence with a self-described neurotic psychology. Ted Hughes, Plath\\'s husband, suggested that *The Bell Jar* might have been written as a response to many years of electroshock treatment and the scars it left.\n*The Bell Jar* received \\\"warily positive reviews\\\". The short time span between the publication of the book and Plath\\'s suicide resulted in \\\"few innocent readings\\\" of the novel.\nThe majority of early readers focused primarily on autobiographical connections from Plath to the protagonist. In response to autobiographical criticism, critic Elizabeth Hardwick urged that readers distinguish between Plath as a writer and Plath as an \\\"event\\\". Robert Scholes, writing for *The New York Times*, praised the novel\\'s \\\"sharp and uncanny descriptions\\\". Mason Harris of the *West Coast Review* complimented the novel as using \\\"the \\'distorted lens\\' of madness to give an authentic vision of a period which exalted the most oppressive ideal of reason and stability.\\\" Howard Moss of *The New Yorker* gave a mixed review, praising the \\\"black comedy\\\" of the novel, but added that there was \\\"something girlish in its manner that betrays the hand of the amateur novelist\\\".\nOn November 5, 2019, the *BBC News* listed *The Bell Jar* on its list of the 100 most inspiring novels.\n*The Bell Jar* has been referred to many times in popular media. Iris Jamahl Dunkle wrote of the novel that \\\"often, when the novel appears in American films and television series, it stands as a symbol for teenage angst.\\\"\nLarry Peerce\\'s *The Bell Jar* (1979) starred Marilyn Hassett as Esther Greenwood, and featured the tagline: \\\"Sometimes just being a woman is an act of courage.\\\" In the film, Joan attempts to get Esther to agree to a suicide pact, which does not occur in the book.\nIn July 2016, it was announced that Kirsten Dunst would be making her directorial debut with an adaptation of *The Bell Jar* starring Dakota Fanning as Esther Greenwood. In August 2019, it was announced Dunst was no longer attached and *Bell Jar* will become a limited TV series from Showtime.\n- 1963 in literature","parent_id":"a22b5a064056d08cba75","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"96d4bb105328490cbc55:0","document_content":"# Trainspotting (novel)\n***Trainspotting*** is the first novel by Scottish writer Irvine Welsh, first published in 1993. It takes the form of a collection of short stories, written in either Scots, Scottish English or British English, revolving around various residents of Leith, Edinburgh who either use heroin, are friends of the core group of heroin users, or engage in destructive activities that are effectively addictions. The novel is set in the late 1980s and has been described by *The Sunday Times* as \\\"the voice of punk, grown up, grown wiser and grown eloquent\\\".\nThe novel has since achieved a cult status and served as the basis for the film *Trainspotting* (1996), directed by Danny Boyle. A sequel called *Porno* was published in 2002. A prequel called *Skagboys* was published in April 2012.","parent_id":"96d4bb105328490cbc55","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"96d4bb105328490cbc55:1","document_content":"# Trainspotting (novel)\n- **Mark \\\"Rent Boy\\\" Renton** -- The novel\\'s protagonist and most frequent narrator, Renton is the voice of reason among his group of friends, many of whom he dislikes. He narrates his daily life -- from supporting his heroin addiction with dole money and petty theft to interacting with the \\\"normal world\\\" -- with a cynical approach. He is intelligent and capable of participating in mainstream society, but he is misanthropic and depressed, and uses heroin to give purpose to his life as well as for hedonistic purposes.\n- **Simon \\\"Sick Boy\\\" Williamson** -- A promiscuous, amoral con artist and one of Renton\\'s close friends. He is often on the lookout for potential scams and has little respect for the many women he seduces. Sick Boy swears off heroin after the death of the infant Dawn, implied to be his daughter, who asphyxiates while her mother Lesley and Sick Boy are on a heroin binge.\n- **Daniel \\\"Spud\\\" Murphy** -- Naive and childlike, Spud is both the whipping boy and only real source of comfort among Renton\\'s circle of friends, who feel protective of him even as they take advantage of him. Spud is kind, sensitive, and loves animals. Spud is sent to Saughton prison for a section of the novel for petty theft.\n- **Francis \\\"Franco\\\" Begbie** -- A violent psychopath, Begbie bullies his \\\"friends\\\" into going along with whatever he says, assaulting and intimidating anyone who easily angers him. He expresses intense loyalty to his friends even though he considers junkies to be the lowest form of life, despite being addicted to alcohol and the adrenaline rush of violence.\n- **Davie Mitchell** -- Another Leith native and acquaintance of Renton. Davie is a university graduate and holds down a decent job. His life is thrown into chaos when he contracts HIV. He narrates the chapters \\\"Bad Blood\\\" and \\\"Traditional Sunday Breakfast\\\".\n- **Tommy Lawrence** -- A childhood friend of Renton\\'s, Tommy asks Renton for heroin to try after his girlfriend dumps him, which Renton reluctantly provides. Tommy\\'s resulting addiction, illness and death weighs heavily on Renton\\'s conscience.\n- **Rab \\\"Second Prize\\\" McLaughlin** -- A friend of the main group, who is often inebriated and gets into frequent fights while drunk, which he always loses. Second Prize had a promising career as a pro footballer for Manchester United, but he was fired from the team after a few years because of his drinking problem.","parent_id":"96d4bb105328490cbc55","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"96d4bb105328490cbc55:2","document_content":"# Trainspotting (novel)\nThe novel is split into seven sections. The first six sections contain multiple chapters from various perspectives; the final section contains one chapter. The novel\\'s plot is nonlinear.\nMost chapters are narrated in first-person, stream-of-consciousness style in some combination of Scots dialect and Standard English. Some chapters are written from a third-person omniscient stance to convey the actions and thoughts of several characters in a scene.\n\n### Section 1: Kicking\nMark and Simon (a.k.a. Sick Boy) are watching a Jean-Claude Van Damme video when they decide to go buy heroin from Johnny Swan (also called \\\"Mother Superior\\\") since they are both feeling symptoms of withdrawal. They cook up with Raymie and Alison. After being informed that he should go and see Kelly, who has just had an abortion, Renton goes home to finish his video instead.\nMark initially makes an attempt to come off heroin by acquiring a bare room and all the things he will require when coming down (canned soup, headache medicine, and pails for vomit). When withdrawal begins to set in, however, he resolves to get another hit to ease the decline. Unable to find any heroin, he acquires opium suppositories which, after a heavy bout of diarrhoea, he must recover from a public lavatory. Simon attempts to pick up girls while being annoyed by Mark, who wants to watch videos. Sick Boy loses Renton and launches into an internal monologue that is self-glorifying and nihilistic.","parent_id":"96d4bb105328490cbc55","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"96d4bb105328490cbc55:3","document_content":"# Trainspotting (novel)\n### Section 1: Kicking\nThe chapter \\\"It Goes Without Saying\\\" opens with the death of an infant, Dawn, whose mother Lesley is a heroin addict and acquaintance of the main characters. The cause of death is unclear; characters speculate that it may have been a cot death or a death from neglect. The Skag Boys are unsure of how to respond. However, Sick Boy becomes notably more emotional and distressed than the others and eventually breaks down as well, stating he is kicking heroin for good. Simon does not explicitly state that he was the child\\'s father, playing to the title of the story. Mark wants to comfort his friend, but is unsure how and simply cooks a shot for himself in order to deal with the situation. A sobbing Lesley asks him to also cook her up a hit, which Mark does but makes sure he injects himself before her, stating the action \\\"goes without saying\\\".\n\n### Section 2: Relapsing\nAfter an argument with his girlfriend Carol, Second Prize meets Tommy in a pub, and Tommy confronts a man who is punching his girlfriend. They are shocked to find the woman supports her abusive boyfriend instead of her would-be liberators by digging her nails into Tommy\\'s face, inciting a brawl. While the couple slips out unnoticed, Tommy and Second Prize find themselves taking the blame for the whole affair from the pub locals.\nRenton, Begbie and their girlfriends meet up for a drink before going to a party, but it ends when Begbie throws a glass off a balcony, hitting someone and splitting open their head, setting off a huge pub brawl.\nIn another scene, Tommy comes around to Renton\\'s flat (shortly after Renton relapsed) after being dumped by his girlfriend. Renton reluctantly gives him some heroin upon request, setting off Tommy\\'s gradual decline into addiction, HIV\/AIDS, and later, death.","parent_id":"96d4bb105328490cbc55","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"96d4bb105328490cbc55:4","document_content":"# Trainspotting (novel)\n### Section 2: Relapsing\nLater, Renton\\'s brother Billy and his friends Lenny, Naz Peasbo, and Jackie are waiting for their friend Granty to arrive for a game of cards, as he is holding the money pot. They later find out that Granty is dead and his girlfriend has disappeared with the money, prompting them to beat Jackie, whom they knew to have been sleeping with her. Later, Begbie and Lexo have pulled an unknown crime, so Begbie decides to lie low in London with Renton. The chapter covers their train journey.\n\n### Section 3: Kicking Again\nSpud manages to kick heroin, and visits his grandmother, where his mixed-race uncle Dode is staying. He recounts the trouble that Dode has had with racism growing up, particularly an event when he and Spud went to a pub and were soon assaulted by white power skinheads. This abuse led to a fight, which left Dode hospitalised, where Spud visits him.\nRenton has kicked heroin and is restless. He ends up picking up a girl at a nightclub, Dianne, unaware that she is only fourteen. He is later forced to lie to her parents at breakfast the following morning. Despite his guilt and discomfort, he sleeps with Dianne again when she shows up at his flat. Spud, Renton and Sick Boy take some ecstasy and stroll to The Meadows where an excited Sick Boy and Renton try to kill a squirrel but stop after Spud becomes upset by their actions towards the animal. He states to the reader that you can\\'t love yourself if you hurt animals as it\\'s wrong and compares their innocence to that of Simon\\'s dead baby Dawn. He also notably states that squirrels are \\\"lovely\\\" and \\\"free\\\" and that \\\"that\\'s maybe what Rents can\\'t stand\\\" indicating Mark envies those he feels are completely unbound and free. Mark is ashamed and Spud forgives him quickly and the pair embrace, before Simon breaks them up.","parent_id":"96d4bb105328490cbc55","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"96d4bb105328490cbc55:5","document_content":"# Trainspotting (novel)\n### Section 4: Blowing It\nRenton and Spud are in court for stealing books. Renton gets a suspended sentence owing to his attempts at rehabilitation, while Spud is sentenced to ten months in prison. Renton relapses and has to suffer heroin withdrawal at his parents\\' house, where he experiences hallucinations of dead baby Dawn, the television programme he is watching, and the lecture provided by his father. He is later visited by Sick Boy and goes out to a pub with his parents, whose unnerving enthusiasm acts as a veneer for their authoritative treatment.\nRenton\\'s brother Billy dies in Northern Ireland with the British Army. Renton attends the funeral; there, he almost starts a fight with some of his father\\'s Unionist relatives, and ends up having sex with Billy\\'s pregnant girlfriend in the toilets. Demonstrating some topicality, Renton discusses the hypocrisy of Unionism and the British in Northern Ireland.\n\n### Section 5: Exile\nRenton is stranded in London with no place to sleep. He tries to fall asleep in an all-night porno theatre, where he meets an old homosexual named Gi, who lets him stay at his apartment. Later, Renton, Spud, Begbie, Gav, Alison and others venture out for another drink and then something to eat. Spud and others reflect upon their sex lives.\n\n### Section 6: Home\nSpud, Begbie, and a teenager have engaged in a criminal robbery. Spud recounts the crime and comments on Begbie\\'s paranoia and how the teenager is likely to get ripped off by the pair. Gav tells Renton the story of how Matty died of toxoplasmosis after attempting to rekindle his relationship with his ex using a kitten.\nThe group attends Matty\\'s funeral, where they reflect on his downfall, and what may have caused it. Later, Renton returns to Leith for Christmas and meets Begbie, who beats up an innocent man after having seen his alcoholic father in the disused Leith Central railway station. He visits a former drug dealer, Johnny Swann, who has had his leg amputated as a result of heroin use, and he visits Tommy, who is dying of AIDS.","parent_id":"96d4bb105328490cbc55","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"96d4bb105328490cbc55:6","document_content":"# Trainspotting (novel)\n### Section 7: Exit\nRenton, Sick Boy, Begbie, Spud and Second Prize go to London to engage in a low-key heroin deal and see a Pogues gig. The book ends with Renton stealing the cash and going to Amsterdam. Renton thinks to himself that he will send Spud his cut, as he is the only \\'innocent\\' party.\nSoon after publication, the book was adapted for the stage by Harry Gibson. The stage version inspired the subsequent film, and regularly toured the UK in the mid-1990s. This adaptation starred Ewen Bremner and later Tam Dean Burn as Renton.\nThe Los Angeles production of Trainspotting won the 2002 Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle Award for Direction, and the 2002 LA Weekly Theater Award for Direction, for director Roger Mathey.\nIn 2013 In Your Face Theatre and Seabright Productions staged a new immersive production of Gibson\\'s adaptation rebranded as Trainspotting Live. Directed by Adam Spreadbury-Maher and Greg Esplin, this production has gone on to sell out at three Edinburgh Festival Fringes and played to critical acclaim in London, on several UK tours and in New York City.\nThe film was directed by Danny Boyle, with an adapted screenplay written by John Hodge. It starred Ewan McGregor, Robert Carlyle, Jonny Lee Miller and Ewen Bremner. Irvine Welsh made a cameo appearance as the drug dealer Mikey Forrester. The film has been ranked 10th by the British Film Institute (BFI) in its list of Top 100 British films of all time. It also brought Welsh\\'s book to an international cinema audience and added to the phenomenal popularity of the novel.\n\\\"Trainspotting\\\" was longlisted for the 1993 Booker Prize (and was apparently rejected for the shortlist after \\\"offending the sensibilities of two judges\\\").\nWelsh claimed that the book had sold over one million copies in the UK by 2015, and been translated into thirty languages.\n- \n- \n-","parent_id":"96d4bb105328490cbc55","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2e1b622fff29f9d963a8:0","document_content":"# Captain Corelli's Mandolin\n***Captain Corelli\\'s Mandolin**\\'\\', released simultaneously in the United States as***Corelli\\'s Mandolin**\\'\\', is a 1994 novel by the British writer Louis de Berni\u00e8res, set on the Greek island of Cephalonia during the Italian and German occupation of the Second World War.\nThe main characters are Antonio Corelli, an Italian army captain, and Pelagia, the daughter of the local physician, Dr Iannis. An important event in the novel is the massacre of Italian troops by the Germans in September 1943---the Italian Acqui Division had refused to surrender and had fought the Germans for nine days before running out of ammunition. Some 1,500 Italian soldiers died in the fighting; 5,000 were massacred after surrendering, and the rest were shipped to Germany, of whom 3,000 drowned when the ship carrying them hit a mine.\nIn 2003, the novel was listed at number 19 on the BBC\\'s survey The Big Read.\nThe story begins with **Dr.\u00a0Iannis**, a multilingual doctor with an established practice on the Greek island of Cephalonia. Iannis lives with his daughter **Pelagia**; Pelagia\\'s mother died of tuberculosis. Pelagia, now a young woman, is headstrong and intelligent, and has learned about medicine by observing her father.\nPelagia meets a young fisherman named **Mandras**, and they become engaged. War has been declared, and Mandras decides to go fight at the front. Pelagia\\'s letters to him go unanswered.\nMeanwhile, **Carlo Guercio** fights among the Italian forces that invade Albania, and sees his beloved friend, Francesco, whom he is in love with, shot by the Greek army during the Greco-Italian War.","parent_id":"2e1b622fff29f9d963a8","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2e1b622fff29f9d963a8:1","document_content":"# Captain Corelli's Mandolin\nIn 1941, Italian and German soldiers are posted to Cephalonia, where they are ostracized by the locals. Pelagia is determined to hate them, especially when a jovial young captain by the name of **Antonio Corelli** is domiciled with her. Mandras comes home from the war, injured and filthy, and as Pelagia nurses him she realizes she no longer loves him. Mandras leaves for the Greek mainland, where he joins the communist partisan organisation ELAS. In the book\\'s depiction, ELAS is cruel towards the civilian population and more frequently attacks other partisan groups (for being ideologically different) than the Axis\\' occupying forces.\nAfter Mussolini loses power, Italy joins forces with the Allies. The Italians who occupy Greece thus are freed from their duties. After defeating the Italian division, the German soldiers on Cephalonia turn on them, and order a massive execution. Corelli\\'s life is saved by Carlo Guercio, who shields him with his body when they face execution by firing squad. Guercio dies, and the wounded Corelli is aided by a Greek back to Pelagia\\'s house. Corelli has to stay hidden from the Germans, whose orders are to kill any surviving Italians.\nAs soon as he is well enough, Corelli escapes to Italy, promising Pelagia that he will return as soon as the war ends and then they will be married. Corelli leaves **Antonia**, his mandolin, with Pelagia for safekeeping.\nThe Germans become brutal but the war eventually ends. Communists take over the island for a period of time (and large parts of Greece in general) and mistreat the population. Dr Iannis is considered an intellectual, therefore suspect, and is sent to a camp along with some of his friends who protest against his treatment. Mandras returns, indoctrinated with Communist ideologies and having learned to read. He has read Pelagia\\'s letters and knows that she does not love him, so he tries to rape her. This is prevented by the fact that Pelagia is armed, and by intervention of Mandras\\' mother who realizes what almost happened and repudiates her own son. Ashamed, he commits suicide. Mandras\\' mother comforts Pelagia and for the remainder of her life, remains close with Pelagia.","parent_id":"2e1b622fff29f9d963a8","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2e1b622fff29f9d963a8:2","document_content":"# Captain Corelli's Mandolin\nSome time after, a baby girl is left on Pelagia\\'s doorstep, whom Pelagia adopts. Dr Iannis comes home, traumatised. Life goes on in Cephalonia, though interrupted by the 1953 Ionian earthquake, in which Iannis dies.\nCorelli does not return, though Pelagia is convinced she sees his ghost. The baby girl, whom Pelagia has named **Antonia**, grows up and marries. Antonia later has a son who is named Iannis in honor of the doctor.\nMany years later, an old man visits Pelagia. It is Antonio Corelli, now a famous mandolin player. He explains that he did not visit before because, having seen her with baby Antonia on her doorstep and believing her to be married, he was bitter. The novel ends on a happy note.\n\n### Major themes\n*Captain Corelli\\'s Mandolin* explores many varieties of love. We see the initial lust-based love between Pelagia and Mandras, which burns out as a result of the war, and the change it prompts in both of them. Corelli and Pelagia\\'s slow-developing love is the central focus of the novel. Love is described by Dr Iannis as \\\"what is left when the passion has gone\\\", and it certainly appears that this criterion is fulfilled by the love of Corelli and Pelagia. The paternal love of Iannis for Pelagia is also strong and is heavily compared with that of Corelli.\nThe theme of music is predominant, offering a direct contrast to the horror and destruction that the war brings and showing how something beautiful can arise from something horrible.\nThe war is described in graphic detail, particularly the death of Francesco. It is responsible for the fall of Mandras and Weber, the deaths of Carlo and Francesco, and the separation of Pelagia and Corelli.\nThroughout the novel, Berni\u00e8res takes a harsh view of all forms of totalitarianism, condemning Fascism, Nazism, and Communism alike. Berni\u00e8res himself described this as a novel about \\\"what happens to the little people when megalomaniacs get busy.\\\"","parent_id":"2e1b622fff29f9d963a8","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2e1b622fff29f9d963a8:3","document_content":"# Captain Corelli's Mandolin\n### Major themes\nAnother theme of the novel is the study of history. Dr Iannis spends much of his spare time attempting to write a history of Cephalonia, but he often finds his personal feelings and biases running through whatever he writes. There is also a strong feeling against \\'professional\\' history, which is suggested by Carlo Guercio\\'s statement that \\\"I know that if we the Axis win then there will be stories about mass graves in London and vice versa\\\". This is reinforced by a quotation from Berni\u00e8res which says that: \\\"history ought to be made up of the stories of ordinary people only.\\\" From this viewpoint, it can be seen that Berni\u00e8res is very much a revisionist historian, considering social history superior to political history.\nBerni\u00e8res takes an ambiguous attitude towards heroism and villainy in the novel: many of the characters, despite committing atrocities, are viewed as human victims of bad circumstances. For example, the German character G\u00fcnter Weber receives a great degree of sympathy from the writer, even though he fully engages with the Nazi ideology and is guilty of taking part in the killing of an entire Italian division. Despite having become friends with many of the men, Weber must follow orders. Similarly, Mandras is guilty of murder, torture, and rape, yet the author portrays him sympathetically: \\\"just another life tarnished\\... by war.\\\"\nBerni\u00e8res has denied that the character of Corelli is based on Amos Pampaloni who was then an Italian artillery captain in Cephalonia, despite the many similarities in their stories. Pampaloni survived execution, joined the Greek People\\'s Liberation Army, the Partisans in the Greek civil war, and fought with them in Epirus for fourteen months. Pampaloni was interviewed by *The Guardian* newspaper in 2000 and expressed the view that the novel misrepresented the Greek partisan movement.\nThe novel also shows some similarities to *Bandiera bianca a Cefalonia*, a novel by Marcello Venturi published in 1963, translated in English as *The White Flag* (1969).\nThe *Orlando Sentinel* called *Corelli\\'s Mandolin* a \\\"radically traditionalist\\\" novel, \\\"a good nourishing tale full of true things, historical and psychological, spiced with opinion and contrariness, with not one dollop of regard for artistic fashion.\\\"","parent_id":"2e1b622fff29f9d963a8","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2e1b622fff29f9d963a8:4","document_content":"# Captain Corelli's Mandolin\n### Major themes\nThe *Cleveland Plain Dealer* praised the multiple emotional levels of the novel, remarking, \\\"Like Puccini, de Berni\u00e8res can evoke golden narrative, full of both pain and gladness.\\\"\nGene Hyde wrote, \\\"To defy Sisyphus and rebel against the absurd, especially in the face of war, is an excruciatingly difficult and noble task. The beauty of Berni\u00e8res\\' unique and deeply moving novel is his insistence that our hope lies in these seemingly quixotic impulses.\\\"\n1995 -- Commonwealth Writers Prize for Best Book\n2004 -- 19th place on The Big Read\n\n### Radio\nThe novel was adapted as four 45-minute radio plays from 17--20 September 2007 on BBC Radio 4, having been chosen as a popular \\\"Book of the Week\\\" on the same station some years earlier. The episode titles were \\\"A Pea in the Ear,\\\" \\\"Invasion of the Italians,\\\" \\\"Looking for Snails\\\" and \\\"Earthquake.\\\" It was narrated by Tom Goodman-Hill, with Celia Meiras as Pelagia, Stephen Greif as Dr Iannis, Daniel Philpott as Corelli. The mandolin music for it was composed and performed by Alison Stephens, and the production was produced and directed by David Hunter. Other cast members included:\n- Carlo -- Anthony Psaila\n- Mandras -- Chris Pavlo\n- Velisarios -- Alexi Kaye Campbell\n- Father Arsenios -- Alex Zorbas\n- Lemoni -- Ania Gordon\n- Drosoula -- Anna Savva\n- Hector -- Nitin Ganatra\n- Officer -- Simon Treves\n\n### Film\nA film version of *Captain Corelli\\'s Mandolin* was released in 2001, with Nicolas Cage as the Italian Captain Corelli, John Hurt as Dr Iannis, and Pen\u00e9lope Cruz as his daughter, Pelagia. The film, directed by John Madden, also starred Christian Bale, Irene Papas and Joanna Daria Adraktas.","parent_id":"2e1b622fff29f9d963a8","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2e1b622fff29f9d963a8:5","document_content":"# Captain Corelli's Mandolin\n### Theatre\nIn 2011, the Mercury Theatre in Colchester, England, and the Kote Marjanishvili Theatre of Tbilisi, Georgia, produced an adaptation of the novel written by Mike Maran and directed by Levan Tsuladze. This production combined live actors and puppetry. It had its premiere in Georgia at the Tbilisi International Festival in October 2011, before transferring to the Mercury.\nA new stage adaptation by Rona Munro and directed by Melly Still previews at the Leicester Curve from 13 to 20 April 2019 before opening at the Rose Theatre, Kingston (23 April to 12 May), and touring to Theatre Royal, Bath (14 to 18 May), Birmingham Repertory Theatre (29 May to 15 June), King\\'s Theatre, Edinburgh (18 to 22 June) and Theatre Royal, Glasgow (25 to 29 June). Following its UK tour, the production transferred to London\\'s West End at the Harold Pinter Theatre from 4 July to 31 August 2019 starring Alex Mugnaioni as Captain Antonio Corelli and Madison Clare as Pelagia.","parent_id":"2e1b622fff29f9d963a8","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a1cc5d9e9b1279352338:0","document_content":"# Robots and Empire\n***Robots and Empire*** is a science fiction novel by the American author Isaac Asimov, published by Doubleday Books in 1985. It is part of Asimov\\'s *Robot* series, which consists of many short stories (collected in *I, Robot*, *The Rest of the Robots*, *The Complete Robot*, *Robot Dreams*, *Robot Visions*, and *Gold*) and five novels (including *The Positronic Man*, *The Caves of Steel*, *The Naked Sun*, and *The Robots of Dawn*).\n*Robots and Empire* is part of Asimov\\'s consolidation of his three major series of science fiction stories and novels into a single future history: his *Robot* series, his *Galactic Empire* series and his *Foundation* series. (Asimov also carried out this unification in *Foundation\\'s Edge* and its sequel.)\nIn the novel, Asimov depicts the transition from his earlier Milky Way Galaxy, inhabited by both human beings and positronic robots, to his Galactic Empire. The galaxy of his earlier trilogy of *Robot* novels is dominated by the blended human\/robotic societies of the fifty \\\"Spacer\\\" planets, dispersed through the near-Earth part of the Galaxy. While the Earth is much more populous than all of the Spacer planets combined, its people are looked down upon and treated almost as sub-human by the Spacers. For a long time, the Spacers have forbidden immigration of people from the Earth. But Asimov\\'s later Galactic Empire is populated by many quadrillions of human beings on hundreds of thousands of habitable planets and by very few robots (such as R. Daneel Olivaw). Even the technology to maintain and upgrade robots exists on only a few out-of-the-way planets. Therefore, this novel attempts to describe how his earlier *Robot* series ultimately connects to his *Galactic Empire* series.\nThe Earthman Elijah Baley (the detective hero of the previous *Robot* books) has died nearly two centuries earlier. During these two centuries, Earth-people have overcome their agoraphobia and resumed space colonization, using faster-than-light drive to reach distant planets beyond the earlier \\\"Spacer\\\" worlds. Their inhabitants, calling themselves \\\"Settlers\\\" rather than \\\"Spacers\\\", revere Earth as their mother-world.","parent_id":"a1cc5d9e9b1279352338","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a1cc5d9e9b1279352338:1","document_content":"# Robots and Empire\nBaley\\'s memory remains in the mind of his former lover, Gladia Delmarre, a long-lived \\\"Spacer\\\" who uncharacteristically relocated from the spacer world of Solaria to Aurora. Gladia\\'s homeworld and the 50th-established of the Spacer planets, Solaria, has become empty of all human inhabitants, although millions of robot servants remain. A seventh-generation descendant of Baley\\'s, Daneel Giskard (\\'D.G.\\') Baley, gains Gladia\\'s help in visiting Solaria, to investigate the destruction of several \\\"Settler\\\" spaceships that made landings there and to capture the presumably unsupervised robots. Gladia is accompanied by the positronic robots R. Daneel Olivaw and R. Giskard Reventlov, both the former property of their creator, Dr.\u00a0Han Fastolfe, who bequeathed them to Gladia in his will. R. Giskard has secret telepathic powers of which only R. Daneel knows.\nAt the same time, Daneel and Giskard are engaged in a struggle of wits with Fastolfe\\'s rivals: The roboticists Kelden Amadiro and Vasilia Aliena, Fastolfe\\'s estranged daughter. Frustrated by his series of failures, Amadiro accepts an ambitious and unscrupulous apprentice, Levular Mandamus, who plans to destroy the population of the Earth by a newly developed weapon, the \\\"nuclear intensifier\\\", with which to accelerate the natural radioactive decay in the upper crust of the Earth, thereby making the surface of the Earth radioactive. R. Daneel and R. Giskard discover the roboticists\\' plan and attempt to stop Amadiro; but are hampered by the First Law of Robotics,\nwhich prevents them from a direct attack on Amadiro. Daneel and Giskard, meanwhile, have inferred an additional Zeroth Law of Robotics:","parent_id":"a1cc5d9e9b1279352338","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a1cc5d9e9b1279352338:2","document_content":"# Robots and Empire\nIt might enable them to overcome Amadiro, if they can use their telepathic perception of humanity to quell the inhibitions of the first law. When Vasilia accuses Giskard of telepathy (earlier created by herself) Giskard is compelled to manipulate her mind to make her forget about his telepathic powers. The two robots locate Amadiro and Mandamus on Earth, at the site of Three Mile Island in Pennsylvania. After Amadiro admits their plans, Giskard alters Amadiro\\'s brain (using the newly created Zeroth Law); but in so doing, threatens his own.","parent_id":"a1cc5d9e9b1279352338","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a1cc5d9e9b1279352338:3","document_content":"# Robots and Empire\nNow alone with the robots, Mandamus claims that his intentions were to draw out the radioactive catastrophe over many decades, rather than the mere years that Amadiro wanted, and Giskard, believing it best for humanity to abandon the Earth, allows Mandamus to do this (resulting in the situation depicted in *Pebble in the Sky*), and deprives Mandamus of the memory of doing so. Giskard predicts, correctly, that by forcing humanity into leaving the Earth, vigor will be reintroduced into mankind and the new Settlers will populate space until all the governments of the interstellar colonies form a \\\"Galactic Empire\\\". Under the stress of having violated the First Law (in accordance with the Zeroth Law, but with the predicted benefit to humanity being uncertain), R. Giskard himself suffers a soon-fatal malfunction of his positronic brain but manages to confer his telepathic ability upon R. Daneel.\nIn his memoir *I. Asimov* (1994), Asimov explained that following his commercial and critical success with *The Robots of Dawn*, he decided to write *Robots and Empire* with the intentions of making Daneel, \\\"the real hero of the series\\\", the novel\\'s protagonist, and that *Robots and Empire* would create a bridge to the later volumes of his future history. About this second aim, Asimov said that he was dissuaded by Lester del Rey and Judy-Lynn del Rey, his long-time friends and the editors of Del Rey Books, who thought that the fans of Asimov\\'s series of novels would rather that Asimov kept the *Robot* and *Empire*\/*Foundation* universes separate. On the other hand, his editors at Doubleday, his hardcover book publisher, encouraged Asimov to do what deep down he wanted to do. From then on, Asimov proceeded with his plans for unifying the two series.","parent_id":"a1cc5d9e9b1279352338","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a1cc5d9e9b1279352338:4","document_content":"# Robots and Empire\nAsimov organized *Robots and Empire* nonlinearly. (Other examples of nonlinear plotting in Asimov\\'s novels can be found in *The Gods Themselves* and *Nemesis*.) Flashbacks by the major characters alternate with the present-time storyline. The story starts on the Spacer planet Aurora, where the heart of Amadiro\\'s conspiracy against Settler civilization is developing. Meanwhile, aboard a starship, Gladia, Daneel, and Giskard visit the planets Solaria and Baleyworld before reaching the Earth, where this novel\\'s climax takes place.\nAsimov used a planet-hopping itinerary in most of the volumes of the *Foundation* series from *Foundation and Empire* onward. Unlike the detective fiction methods of the previous Robot novels, where Baley assembles the clues to a crime that had been committed, in *Robots and Empire* a murderous conspiracy developing against the Earth, and its discovery by the robots, keep pace with each other right up through the final confrontation with Amadiro on the Earth. Then, the robots have only moments to spare in terminating Amadiro\\'s plan for a quick death to all Earthlings.","parent_id":"a1cc5d9e9b1279352338","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a1cc5d9e9b1279352338:5","document_content":"# Robots and Empire\nAs well as linking the two series into a single future history, the present book served to address a criticism levelled against the largely radioactive Earth depicted in *Pebble in the Sky* and mentioned in several other books. Though not explicitly stated, there was the clear implication that the world\\'s being mostly radioactive with humans precariously surviving in limited uncontaminated areas was the result of a nuclear war hundreds or thousands of years before the time of the plot. This would have made *Pebble in the Sky* part of the post-nuclear war subgenre common in the 1950s. It was, however, pointed out by critics that such an extensive use of nuclear weapons as to leave persistent and widespread radiation even after centuries would have completely destroyed all life on Earth at the moment when it took place. Therefore, in the present book Asimov provided a different origin for the future Earth\\'s radioactivity.\nDave Langford reviewed *Robots and Empire* for *White Dwarf* #85, and stated that \\\"Asimov always perks up when chopping logic with the Three Laws of Robotics, and here his robots come up with a Fourth, or rather Zeroth, Law. This works out approximately as \\'the end justifies the means\\'. For some reason the author doesn\\'t even seem mildly worried by the implications\\...\\\"","parent_id":"a1cc5d9e9b1279352338","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"07172864d84b4ccb7837:0","document_content":"# Skellig\n***Skellig*** is a children\\'s novel by the British author David Almond, published by Hodder in 1998. It was the Whitbread Children\\'s Book of the Year and it won the Carnegie Medal from the Library Association, recognising the year\\'s outstanding children\\'s book by a British author. In the US it was a runner up for the Michael L. Printz Award, which recognises one work of young adult fiction annually. Since publication, it has also been adapted into a play, an opera, and a film. In 2010, a prequel entitled *My Name is Mina* was published, written by David Almond himself.\nDelacorte Press published the first US edition in 1999.\n10-year-old Michael and his family have recently moved into a house. He and his parents are nervous, as his new baby sister was born earlier than expected and may not live because of a heart condition. When Michael goes into the garage, he finds a strange emaciated creature hidden amid all the boxes, debris and dead insects. Michael assumes that he is a homeless person, but decides to look after him and gives him food. The man is crotchety and arthritic, demanding aspirin, Chinese food menu order numbers 27 and 53 and brown ale. Michael hears a story that human shoulder blades are a vestige of angel wings.\nMeanwhile, his friends from school become more and more distant as Michael stops attending school and spends less time with them. He meets a girl named Mina from across the road and over the course of the story they become close. Mina is home-schooled and enjoys nature, birds, drawing and the poems of William Blake. Often drawing or sculpting at home, she invites Michael to join in. She takes care of some baby birds who live in her garden and teaches Michael to hear their tiny sounds. Michael decides to introduce her to the strange creature. Michael\\'s friends, Leakey and Coot, become skeptical about Michael and try to find out what he is hiding from them. Michael and Mina try to keep it a secret from them, and have to move \\\"Skellig\\\" to a safer space.","parent_id":"07172864d84b4ccb7837","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"07172864d84b4ccb7837:1","document_content":"# Skellig\nMichael asks about arthritis and how to cure it, talking to doctors and patients in the hospital where his baby sister is being treated. Grace, an old woman, took a run through the hospital and came to see her. The creature whom Michael had moved from the garage---revealing a pair of wings at his shoulders---introduces himself as \\\"Skellig\\\" to Michael and Mina.\nMichael\\'s baby sister comes dangerously close to death, necessitating heart surgery. His mother goes to the hospital to stay with the baby and, that night, \\\"dreams\\\" of seeing Skellig come in, pick the baby up, and hold it high in the air, saving her. He subsequently moves from the garage after saying goodbye to Michael and Mina, answering their questions about his nature by saying that he is \\'something,\\' combining aspects of human, owl and angel.\nThe family struggles with deciding on a name for the baby. After considering calling her Persephone, they settle on Joy.\n- Michael (Main Character)\n- Mina ( Michael\\'s friend)\n<!-- -->\n- Leakey (Michael\\'s friend)\n- Coot (Michael\\'s friend)\n- Skellig (Main character)\n- Joy (Michael\\'s baby sister)\n- Mr.\u00a0Batley (Michael\\'s teacher)\n- Mr.\u00a0Stone (Real estate agent that sells Michael\\'s family the house)\n<!-- -->\n- Dr.\u00a0Death (aka Dr.\u00a0Dan, the doctor that comes to Michael\\'s house to check up on the baby)\n- Rasputin (Michael\\'s science teacher)\n- Grace (Old woman from hospital)\n- Whisper (Mina\\'s cat)\n- Dr.\u00a0MacNabola (A cocky but friendly Dr who Michael talks to in order to figure more about arthritis)\n*Skellig* is deliberately ambiguous about its title character. Almond has provided public answers to some frequent questions from his school visits. The names \\\"Skellig\\\" and \\\"Michael\\\" are derived from the Skellig Islands off the coast of County Kerry, Ireland. One of them is Skellig Michael Island; St Michael is also the name of an archangel.","parent_id":"07172864d84b4ccb7837","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"07172864d84b4ccb7837:2","document_content":"# Skellig\nAlmond has acknowledged the influence of \\\"A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings\\\", a short story by Gabriel Garc\u00eda M\u00e1rquez. Paul Latham compares the works in a research article, \\\"Magical Realism and the Child Reader: The Case of David Almond\\'s *Skellig*\\\". Despite many similarities, he notes that Almond\\'s child protagonists are much more caring and accepting than the closed-minded and sometimes cruel adults in the M\u00e1rquez story. Also, Mina and Michael keep Skellig a secret from the rest of human society. Thus the negative social commentary in *Skellig*, regarding medical institutions and other aspects of adult society, is not as harsh as in M\u00e1rquez\\'s story.\\'\\'\nHodder published Almond\\'s 300-page prequel to *Skellig* late in 2010, *My Name is Mina* (). It was one of four books on the 2011 Guardian Award shortlist and one of eight on the 2012 Carnegie shortlist. Both *The Guardian* and the Carnegie panel recommend *Mina* for readers age nine and up. According to children\\'s book editor Julia Eccleshare, \\\"Almond promotes and celebrates freedom for children and their thinking in this lyrical book about growing up.\\\"\nDelacorte published the US edition in 2011. According to the summary, \\\"Creative, intelligent, nine-year-old Mina keeps a journal in her own disorderly way that reveals how her mind is growing into something extraordinary, especially after she begins homeschooling under the direction of her widowed mother.\\\"\n\n### 2003 play\n*Skellig* was adapted into a play in 2003 directed by Trevor Nunn who thought it was important to follow the book\\'s example of not revealing Skellig\\'s exact nature, designed by John Napier. The original play was conceived from the novel to the play at The Young Vic Theatre, London. Cast included in alphabetical order; Ashley Artus, Noma Dumezweni, Akiya Henry, David Threlfall, Kevin Wathen, Mo Zinal. The play was later performed by Playbox Theatre Company in 2008.\nIn March 2011 the play was performed at the New Victory Theater, New York by The Birmingham Stage Company who previously toured the UK with their production, from 2008 in London and Birmingham. The BSC founder and manager Neal Foster played Skellig.","parent_id":"07172864d84b4ccb7837","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"07172864d84b4ccb7837:3","document_content":"# Skellig\n### 2008 opera\n*Skellig* has been adapted into a contemporary opera with music by American composer Tod Machover and libretto by David Almond himself. The opera was staged at The Sage Gateshead from 4 November to 19 December 2008, with orchestration by the Northern Sinfonia.\nThe Opera starred Omar Ebrahim as Skellig with Sophie Daneman and Paul Keohone as Michael\\'s parents.\n\n### 2009 film\n*Skellig*, produced by Feel Films, was part of Sky 1\\'s plan to invest \u00a310\u00a0million in producing three new high-definition dramas. Filming started on 2 September 2008 in Caerphilly in Wales. Cast members included Oscar-nominee Tim Roth in the title role and Bill Milner as Michael Cooper with Skye Bennett as Mina, Kelly Macdonald and John Simm as Michael\\'s parents (Louise \\'Lou\\' and Steve Cooper). The screenplay was written by Irena Brignull and filming was directed by Annabel Jankel. The first showing of *Skellig* on Sky 1 was on 12 April 2009.","parent_id":"07172864d84b4ccb7837","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"96ac3c90db975f967929:0","document_content":"# Burmese Days\n***Burmese Days*** is the first novel by English writer George Orwell, published in 1934. Set in British Burma during the waning days of empire, when Burma was ruled from Delhi as part of British India, the novel serves as \\\"a portrait of the dark side of the British Raj.\\\" At the centre of the novel is John Flory, \\\"the lone and lacking individual trapped within a bigger system that is undermining the better side of human nature.\\\" The novel describes \\\"both indigenous corruption and imperial bigotry\\\" in a society where, \\\"after all, natives were natives---interesting, no doubt, but finally\\...an inferior people\\\".","parent_id":"96ac3c90db975f967929","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"96ac3c90db975f967929:1","document_content":"# Burmese Days\n*Burmese Days* was first published \\\"further afield,\\\" in the United States, because of concerns that it might be potentially libelous; that the real provincial town of Katha had been described too realistically; and that some of its fictional characters were based too closely on identifiable people. A British edition, with altered names, appeared a year later. Nonetheless, Orwell\\'s harsh portrayal of colonial society was felt by \\\"some old Burma hands\\\" to have \\\"rather let the side down\\\". In a letter from 1946, Orwell wrote, \\\"I dare say it\\'s unfair in some ways and inaccurate in some details, but much of it is simply reporting what I have seen\\\".\nOrwell spent five years from 1922 to 1927 as a police officer in the Indian Imperial Police force in Burma (now Myanmar). The British had gradually annexed Burma in stages, and it was not until 1885, when they captured the royal capital of Mandalay, that Burma as a whole could be declared part of the British Empire. Migrant workers from India and China supplemented the native Burmese population. Although Burma was the wealthiest country in Southeast Asia under British rule, as a colony it was seen very much as a backwater. The image which Britons were meant to uphold in these communities was a huge burden and the majority of them carried expectations all the way from Britain with the intention of maintaining their customs and rule. Among its exports, the country produced 75 per cent of the world\\'s teak from up-country forests. When Orwell came to the Irrawaddy Delta in January 1924 to begin his career as an imperial policeman, the delta was Burma\\'s leading exporting region, providing three million tons of rice annually, half the world\\'s supply. Orwell served in a number of locations in Burma. After a year of training in Mandalay and Maymyo, his postings included Myaungmya, Twante, Syriam, Moulmein, and Kathar. It also included Insein, situated north of Rangoon, the site of the colony\\'s most secure prison, and now Burma\\'s most notorious jail.","parent_id":"96ac3c90db975f967929","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"96ac3c90db975f967929:2","document_content":"# Burmese Days\n*Burmese Days* was several years in the writing. Orwell drafted it in Paris from 1928 to 1929. He revised it in 1932 at Southwold while doing up the family home during the summer holidays. By December 1933 he had typed the final version, and in 1934 delivered it to his agent, Leonard Moore, who submitted it to Victor Gollancz, the publisher of Orwell\\'s previous book. Gollancz, already fearing prosecution from having published another author\\'s work, turned it down because he was worried about charges of libel. Heinemann and Cape turned it down for the same reason. After demanding alterations, Harpers was prepared to publish it in the United States, where it appeared in 1934. In the spring of 1935, Gollancz declared that he was prepared to publish a British edition provided Orwell could demonstrate he had not named real people. To that end, extensive checks were made in colonial lists before Gollancz brought out the English version on 24 June 1935. Nonetheless, many of the main European names appearing in the novel have since been identified in the *Rangoon Gazette* as belonging to real people, with the name \\\"U Po Kyin\\\" in particular belonging to a Burmese officer who was at the Police Training School in Mandalay with Orwell.\n*Burmese Days* is set in 1920s British Burma, in the fictional district of Kyauktada, based on Kathar (formerly spelled Katha), a town where Orwell served. Like the fictional town, it is the head of a branch railway line above Mandalay on the Ayeyarwady (Irrawaddy) River. As the story opens, U Po Kyin, a corrupt Burmese magistrate, is planning to destroy the reputation of the Indian, Dr Veraswami. The doctor hopes for help from his friend John Flory who, as a *pukka sahib* (European white man), has higher prestige. Dr Veraswami also desires election to the town\\'s European Club, of which Flory is a member, expecting that good standing among the Europeans will protect him from U Po Kyin\\'s intrigues. U Po Kyin begins a campaign to persuade the Europeans that the doctor holds anti-British opinions in the belief that anonymous letters with false stories about the doctor \\\"will work wonders\\\". He even sends a threatening letter to Flory.","parent_id":"96ac3c90db975f967929","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"96ac3c90db975f967929:3","document_content":"# Burmese Days\nJohn Flory, a jaded 35-year-old teak merchant with a birthmark on his face in the shape of a ragged crescent, spends three weeks of every month acquiring jungle timber. Friendless among his fellow Europeans and unmarried, but with a Burmese mistress, he has become disillusioned with life in an expatriate community centred round the local European Club in a remote provincial town. At the same time, he has become so embedded in Burma that it is impossible for him to leave and return to England. Flory has one good friend, the Indian, Dr Veraswami, whom he often visits for what the Doctor delightedly calls \\\"cultured conversation\\\". But when Flory dismisses the British as mere moneymakers, living a lie, \\\"the lie that we\\'re here to uplift our poor black brothers instead of to rob them,\\\" he provokes consternation in the doctor, who defends the British as the efficient administrators of an unrivalled empire. Toward his mistress, Flory is emotionally ambivalent: \\\"On the one hand, Flory loves Burma and craves a partner who will share his passion, which the other local Europeans find incomprehensible; on the other hand, for essentially racist reasons, Flory feels that only a European woman is acceptable as a partner\\\".","parent_id":"96ac3c90db975f967929","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"96ac3c90db975f967929:4","document_content":"# Burmese Days\nFlory\\'s wish seems to be answered with the arrival of Elizabeth Lackersteen, the orphaned niece of Mr Lackersteen, manager of the local timber firm. Flory rescues her when she believes she is about to be attacked by a small water buffalo. He is immediately taken with her and they spend some time together, culminating in a highly successful shooting expedition. Flory shoots a leopard, promising the skin to Elizabeth as a trophy. Lost in romantic fantasy, Flory imagines Elizabeth to be the sensitive object of his desire, the European woman who will \\\"understand him and give him the companionship he needed\\\". He turns Ma Hla May, his pretty, scheming Burmese mistress, out of his house. However, whereas Flory extols the virtues of the rich culture of the Burmese, the latter frighten and repel Elizabeth, who regards them as \\\"beastly.\\\" Worse still is Flory\\'s interest in high art and literature, which reminds Elizabeth of her pretentious mother who died in disgrace in Paris of ptomaine poisoning as a result of living in squalid conditions while masquerading as a Bohemian artist. Despite these reservations, of which Flory is entirely unaware, she is willing to marry him to escape poverty, spinsterhood, and the unwelcome advances of her perpetually inebriated uncle.","parent_id":"96ac3c90db975f967929","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"96ac3c90db975f967929:5","document_content":"# Burmese Days\nFlory is about to ask her to marry him, but they are interrupted first by her aunt and secondly by an earthquake. Mrs Lackersteen\\'s interruption is deliberate because she has discovered that a military police lieutenant named Verrall is arriving in Kyauktada. As he comes from an extremely good family, she sees him as a better prospect as a husband for Elizabeth. Mrs Lackersteen tells Elizabeth that Flory is keeping a Burmese mistress as a deliberate ploy to send her to Verrall. Indeed, Flory had been keeping a mistress, but had dismissed her almost the moment Elizabeth had arrived. Elizabeth is appalled and falls at the first opportunity for Verrall, who is arrogant and ill-mannered to all but her. Flory is devastated and after a period of exile attempts to make amends by delivering to her the leopard skin. A bungled curing process has left the skin mangy and stinking and the gesture merely compounds his status as a poor suitor. When Flory delivers it to Elizabeth she accepts it regardless of the fact that it stinks and he talks of their relationship, telling her he still loves her. She responds by telling him that unfortunately the feelings aren\\'t mutual and leaves the house to go horse riding with Verrall. When Flory and Elizabeth part ways, Mrs Lackersteen orders the servants to burn the reeking leopard skin, representing the deterioration of Flory and Elizabeth\\'s relationship.","parent_id":"96ac3c90db975f967929","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"96ac3c90db975f967929:6","document_content":"# Burmese Days\nU Po Kyin\\'s campaign against Dr Veraswami turns out to be intended simply to further his aim of becoming a member of the European Club in Kyauktada. The club has been put under pressure to elect a native member and Dr Veraswami is the most likely candidate. U Po Kyin arranges the escape of a prisoner and plans a rebellion for which he intends that Dr Veraswami should get the blame. The rebellion begins and is quickly put down, but a native rebel is killed by acting Divisional Forest Officer, Maxwell. Uncharacteristically courageous, Flory speaks up for Dr Veraswami and proposes him as a member of the club. At this moment the body of Maxwell, cut almost to pieces with *dahs* by two relatives of the man he had shot, is brought back to the town. This creates tension between the Burmese and the Europeans which is exacerbated by a vicious attack on native children by the spiteful and racist timber merchant, Ellis. A large but ineffectual anti-British riot begins and Flory becomes the hero for bringing it under control with some support by Dr Veraswami. U Po Kyin tries to claim credit but is disbelieved and Dr Veraswami\\'s prestige is restored.\nVerrall leaves Kyauktada without saying goodbye to Elizabeth and she falls for Flory again. Flory is happy and plans to marry Elizabeth. However, U Po Kyin has not given up. He hires Flory\\'s former Burmese mistress to create a scene in front of Elizabeth during the sermon at church. Flory is disgraced and Elizabeth refuses to have anything more to do with him. Overcome by the loss and seeing no future for himself, Flory kills first his dog, and then himself.\nDr Veraswami is demoted and sent to a different district and U Po Kyin is elected to the club. U Po Kyin\\'s plans have succeeded and he plans to redeem his life and cleanse his sins by financing the construction of pagodas. He dies of apoplexy before he can start building the first pagoda and his wife envisages him returning to life as a frog or rat. Elizabeth eventually marries Macgregor, the deputy commissioner, and lives happily in contempt of the natives, who in turn live in fear of her, fulfilling her destiny of becoming a \\\"burra memsahib\\\", a respectful term given to white European women.","parent_id":"96ac3c90db975f967929","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"96ac3c90db975f967929:7","document_content":"# Burmese Days\n- **John (in some editions, James) Flory**: referred to as just \\\"Flory\\\" throughout the novel. He is the central character, a timber merchant in his mid-thirties. He has a long, dark blue birthmark that stretches from his eye to the side of his mouth on his left cheek, and he tries to avoid showing people the left side of his face as he thinks the birthmark is hideous. Whenever he is ashamed or looks down upon himself he remembers his birthmark, a symbol of his weakness. He is very friendly with the Indian Dr Veraswami, and appreciates Burmese culture. This brings him into conflict with members of the club, who dislike his slightly radical views. Because of his rather shy personality and the fact that he dislikes quarrels, he is an easy target in arguments, especially with Ellis. This discourages him from fully advocating for the Burmese. He suffers a great deal emotionally because he is infatuated with Elizabeth. All he can think about is Elizabeth but they have conflicting interests and she does not reciprocate the love. Flory supports the Burmese whereas Elizabeth regards them as beasts. Flory wants Elizabeth to appreciate him, especially with his hindering birthmark, yet he wants to support the Burmese. Due to his indecisive personality he is caught between supporting the Burmese and the English. After Elizabeth leaves Flory the second time, he commits suicide.\n- **Elizabeth Lackersteen**: An unmarried English girl who has lost both her parents and comes to stay with her remaining relatives, the Lackersteens, in Burma. Before her flighty mother died, they had lived together in Paris. Her mother fancied herself an artist, and Elizabeth grew to hate the Bohemian lifestyle and cultural connections. Elizabeth is 22, \\'tallish for a girl, slender\\\", with fashionably short hair and wears tortoise shell glasses. Throughout the novel, she seeks to marry a man because her aunt keeps pressuring her and she idolises wealth and social class, neither of which she could achieve without a husband during this time period. When she first meets Flory, he falls in love because he values white women over Burmese women. After leaving Flory for the first time, she courts Verrall, who leaves her abruptly without saying goodbye. The second time she leaves Flory (and following his suicide), she marries Deputy Commissioner MacGregor.\n- **Mr Lackersteen**: Elizabeth\\'s uncle and Mrs Lackersteen\\'s husband. Lackersteen is the manager of a timber firm. He is a heavy drinker whose main object in life is to have a \\\"good time\\\". However his activities are curtailed by his wife who is ever watching \\\"like a cat over a bloody mousehole\\\" because ever since she returned after leaving him alone one day to find him surrounded by three naked Burmese girls, she does not trust him alone. Lackersteen\\'s lechery extends to making sexual advances towards his niece, Elizabeth.\n- **Mrs Lackersteen**: Elizabeth\\'s aunt and Mr Lackersteen\\'s wife. Mrs Lackersteen is \\\"a woman of about thirty-five, handsome in a contourless, elongated way, like a fashion plate\\\". She is a classic memsahib, the title used for wives of officials in the Raj. Neither she nor her niece have taken to the alien country or its culture. (In *Burmese Days* Orwell defines the memsahib as \\\"yellow and thin, scandal mongering over cocktails---living twenty years in the country without learning a word of the language.\\\"). And because of this, she strongly believes that Elizabeth should marry an upper-class man who can provide her with a home and accompanying riches. She pesters Elizabeth into finding a husband: first she wants her to wed Verrall, then after he leaves, Flory.\n- **Dr Veraswami**: An Indian doctor and a good friend of Flory. He has nothing but respect for the Britons living in Burma and often makes a point of vocally expressing his support for British colonial rule when he can, even though many in the European community, including Ellis, don\\'t respect him. Veraswami and Flory often discuss various topics, with Veraswami presenting the British point of view and Flory taking the side of the Burmese. Dr Veraswami is targeted by U Po Kyin in pursuit of membership of the European club. Dr Veraswami wants to become a member of the club so that it will give him prestige which will protect him from U Po Kyin\\'s attempts to exile him from the district. Because he respects Flory, he does not pester him to get him admitted into the club. Eventually U Po Kyin\\'s plan to exile Dr Veraswami comes through. He is sent away to work in another run-down hospital elsewhere.\n- **U Po Kyin**: A corrupt and cunning magistrate who is hideously overweight, but perfectly groomed and wealthy. He is 56 and the \\\"U\\\" in his name is his title, which is an honorific in Burmese society. He feels he can commit whatever wicked acts he wants---cheat people of their money, jail the innocent, abuse young girls---because although, \\\"According to Buddhist belief those who have done evil in their lives will spend the next incarnation in the shape of a rat, frog, or some other low animal\\\", he intends to provide against these sins by devoting the rest of his life to good works such as financing the building of pagodas, \\\"and balance the scales of karmic justice\\\". He continues his plans to attack Dr Veraswami, instigating a rebellion as part of the exercise, to make Dr Veraswami look bad and eliminate him as a potential candidate of the club, so he can secure the membership for himself. He believes his status as a member of the club will cease the intrigues that are directed against him. He loses pre-eminence when Flory and Vereswami suppress the riot. After Flory dies, Kyin becomes a member of the European Club. Shortly after his admission into the club he dies, unredeemed, before the building of the pagodas. \\\"U Po has advanced himself by thievery, bribery, blackmail and betrayal, and his corrupt career is a serious criticism of both the English rule that permits his success and his English superiors who so disastrously misjudge his character\\\".\n- **Ma Hla May**: Flory\\'s Burmese mistress who has been with him for two years before he meets Elizabeth. Ma Hla May believes herself to be Flory\\'s unofficial wife and takes advantage of the privileges that come along with being associated with the European community in Burma. Flory has been paying her expenses throughout their time together. However, after he becomes enchanted with Elizabeth, he informs her that he no longer wants anything to do with her. Ma Hla May is distraught and repeatedly blackmails him. Once thrown out of Flory\\'s house, the other villagers dissociate themselves from her and she cannot find herself a husband to support her. Encouraged by U Po Kyin, who has an alternate agenda to ruin Flory\\'s reputation within the club, she approaches Flory in front of the Europeans and creates a dramatic scene so everyone knows of his intimacy with her. This outburst taints Elizabeth\\'s perception of Flory for good. Eventually she goes to work in a brothel elsewhere.\n- **Ko S\\'la**: Flory\\'s devoted servant since the day he arrived in Burma. They are close to the same age and Ko S'la has since taken care of Flory. Though he serves Flory well, he does not approve of many of his activities, especially his relationship with Ma Hla May and his drinking habits. He believes that Flory should get married. Flory has remained in the same reckless state that he was in upon arriving in Burma. In Ko S'la\\'s eyes, Flory is still a boy. Ko S'la, on the other hand, has moved on with his life as he has taken wives and fathered five children. He pities Flory due to his childish behaviour and his birthmark.\n- **Lieutenant Verrall**: A military policeman who has a temporary posting in the town. He is everything that Flory is not---young, handsome, privileged. He is the youngest son of a peer and looks down on everyone, making no concessions to civility and good manners. His only concern while in town is playing polo. He takes no notice of a person\\'s race, everyone is beneath him. Verrall is smug and self-centered. Encouraged by her aunt, Elizabeth pursues Verrall as a suitor, but he uses her only for temporary entertainment. In the end, he vanishes from town without a word to Elizabeth.\n- **Mr Macgregor**: Deputy Commissioner and secretary of the club. He is upright and well-meaning, although also pompous and self-important. U Po Kyin contacts Mr Macgregor through anonymous letters as he continues his attacks on Dr Veraswami to gain a position in the club. As one of the only single men left in the town, he marries Elizabeth.\n- **Ellis**: A spiteful and violent racist who manages a timber company in upper Burma. He is a vulgar and rude member of the club who likes to stir up scandals. Ellis firmly maintains that the Burmese people are completely incapable of ruling the country themselves. His hatred of the Burmese culture causes some clashes with Flory due to Flory\\'s friendliness with the Burmese, especially Dr Veraswami. Ellis is in support of U Po Kyin\\'s plan to ruin the reputation of Dr Veraswami and needs no evidence whatsoever of Dr Veraswami\\'s guilt.\n- **Francis and Samuel:** Francis is a Eurasian clerk to an Indian money lender, whilst Samuel is a clerk to some of the pleaders. Both are sons of Christian missionaries, the book explores attitudes towards their mixed heritage.","parent_id":"96ac3c90db975f967929","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"96ac3c90db975f967929:8","document_content":"# Burmese Days\nOrwell biographer D. J. Taylor notes that \\\"the most striking thing about the novel is the extravagance of its language: a riot of rococo imagery that gets dangerously out of hand.\\\"\nAnother of Orwell\\'s biographers, Michael Shelden, notes that Joseph Conrad, Somerset Maugham and E. M. Forster have been suggested as possible influences, but believes also that \\\"the ghost of Housman hangs heavily over the book.\\\" The writers Stansky and Abrahams, while noting that the character Flory probably had his roots in Captain Robinson, a cashiered ex-officer whom Orwell had met in Mandalay, \\\"with his opium-smoking and native women\\\", affirmed that Flory\\'s \\\"deepest roots are traceable to fiction, from Joseph Conrad\\'s *Lord Jim* through all those Englishmen gone to seed in the East which are one of Maugham\\'s better-known specialities.\\\"\nJeffrey Meyers, in a 1975 guide to Orwell\\'s work, wrote of the E. M. Forster connection that, \\\"*Burmese Days* was strongly influenced by *A Passage to India*, which was published in 1924 when Orwell was serving in Burma. Both novels concern an Englishman\\'s friendship with an Indian doctor, and a girl who goes out to the colonies, gets engaged and then breaks it off. Both use the Club scenes to reveal a cross-section of colonial society, and both measure the personality and value of the characters by their racial attitudes\\...But *Burmese Days* is a far more pessimistic book than *A Passage to India*, because official failures are not redeemed by successful personal relations.\\\"\nOrwell himself was to note in *Why I Write* (1946) that \\\"I wanted to write enormous naturalistic novels with unhappy endings, full of detailed descriptions and arresting similes, and also full of purple passages in which my words were used partly for the sake of their sound. And in fact my first complete novel, *Burmese Days*\\...is rather that kind of book.\\\"","parent_id":"96ac3c90db975f967929","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"96ac3c90db975f967929:9","document_content":"# Burmese Days\n### Colonialism\nEach of the characters in the novel hold differing views towards colonialism, influenced by their background and status in society. According to University of Singapore scholar Steven L. Keck, the novel\\'s depiction of colonialism led it to become \\\"a part of the mythology of imperial experience not only for Burma, but for the British Empire as a whole\\\". *Burmese Days* takes place during a period of Burmese history when it was under British colonial rule, and Orwell intended the novel to serve as a critique of colonialism, both in the effects it had on the Burmese and the British. Colonial society in Burma is depicted as being divided on racial lines, \\\"with the Europeans exploiting both the land and peoples of Burma, while finding that the cost of exile and isolation was to fight a continuous battle against despair\\\"; the Burmese and Indians, on the other hand, are depicted as both supportive and opposed to colonial rule. Keck speculated that the fact that the Saya San peasant rebellion was ongoing during the period influenced Orwell\\'s pessimistic attitude towards colonialism.\n*Burmese Days* frequently uses characters in the novel to illustrate larger arguments about colonial rule. When Flory, someone who had grown disillusioned with colonialism, enters into a debate with Dr Veraswami about British colonial rule, each makes several points about the effects of colonialism in Burma. Flory charges that the British are only interested in Burma due to the economic opportunities the colony provides, and are living a \\\"lie that we\\'re here to uplift our poor black brothers rather than to rob them\\\". Dr Veraswami counters that British rule has improved Burma, pointing to the levels of infrastructure, healthcare and education in the colony. Veraswami also notes how if it were not a British colony, he would not have been able to become a doctor in Burma. Their argument continues, but are unable to come to an agreement and ends inconclusively.","parent_id":"96ac3c90db975f967929","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"96ac3c90db975f967929:10","document_content":"# Burmese Days\n### Colonialism\nThe novel also explored the status of Burma as being part of the British Raj instead of being a separate colony. Burmese scholar Maung Htin Aung, in an article written about *Burmese Days*, claimed that the novel served as a \\\"valuable historical document\\\" due to the fact that it \"recorded\nvividly the tensions that prevailed in Burma, and the mutual suspicion, despair and disgust that crept into Anglo-Burmese relations as the direct result of the Government of India Act leaving out Burma from the course of its reforms\".\n\n### Isolation\nThe character of Flory, a *Pukka sahib*, serves as an emblematic depiction of the isolation faced by the European community in colonial-era Burma, a topic Orwell also explored in his short story *Shooting an Elephant*. He is torn between his fascination with Burmese culture, which sees him attempt to befriend several Burmese, and his role as a colonial teak merchant (ensuring that, as a member of the ruling class, he can never become intimately familiar with such a culture). He also defends the Burmese and sympathizes with various issues they face in the argument with Dr Veraswami, confirming his disillusion with colonialism which isolates him from the European community. Flory aims to satisfy both the Burmese and the Europeans while ultimately pleasing neither, further confirming his isolation.","parent_id":"96ac3c90db975f967929","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"96ac3c90db975f967929:11","document_content":"# Burmese Days\n### Racism\nThe theme of racism frequently appears in *Burmese Days*, being depicted in the interactions between the three primary ethnic groups in Burma- the Europeans, Indians and Burmese. The European gentleman\\'s club in which Flory spends a significant portion of the novel in, holds a debate on whether or not to admit a \\\"native\\\" (referring to Burmese people) into the club, with the violent and spiteful racist Ellis immediately objecting and declaring that he will never share a club with \\\"natives\\\". Racism remains a strong theme throughout the novel, with the European community in Burma frequently expressing racist attitudes towards the Indians and Burmese they interact with. In the view of Keck, the depiction of racism in *Burmese Days* has been cited by numerous historians \\\"as a means to explore some of the more important features of modern history\\\".\nHarpers brought out *Burmese Days* in the US on 25 October 1934, in an edition of 2,000 copies. In February 1935, just four months after publication, 976 copies were remaindered. The only American review that Orwell himself saw, in the *New York Herald Tribune*, by Margaret Carson Hubbard, was unfavourable: \\\"The ghastly vulgarity of the third-rate characters who endure the heat and talk ad nausea of the glorious days of the British Raj, when fifteen lashes settled any native insolence, is such that they kill all interest in their doings.\\\" A positive review however came from an anonymous writer in the *Boston Evening Transcript*, for whom the central figure was, \\\"analyzed with rare insight and unprejudiced if inexorable justice\\\", and the book itself praised as full of \\\"realities faithfully and unflinchingly realised.\\\"\nOn its publication in Britain, *Burmese Days* earned a review in the *New Statesman* from Cyril Connolly as follows:","parent_id":"96ac3c90db975f967929","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"96ac3c90db975f967929:12","document_content":"# Burmese Days\n### Racism\nBurmese Days is an admirable novel. It is a crisp, fierce, and almost boisterous attack on the Anglo-Indian. The author loves Burma, he goes to great length to describe the vices of the Burmese and the horror of the climate, but he loves it, and nothing can palliate for him, the presence of a handful of inefficient complacent public school types who make their living there\\... I liked it and recommend it to anyone who enjoys a spate of efficient indignation, graphic description, excellent narrative, excitement, and irony tempered with vitriol.\nOrwell received a letter from the anthropologist Geoffrey Gorer as follows\nWill you allow me to tell you how very much indeed I admire your novel *Burmese Days*: it seems to me an absolutely admirable statement of fact told as vividly and with as little bitterness as possible.\nIt was as a result of these responses that Orwell renewed his friendship with Connolly, which was to give him useful literary connections, a positive evaluation in *Enemies of Promise* and an outlet on *Horizon*. He also became a close friend of Gorer.\nIn 2013, the Burmese Ministry of Information named the new translation (by Maung Myint Kywe) of *Burmese Days* the winner of the 2012 Burma National Literature Award\\'s \\\"informative literature\\\" (translation) category. The National Literary Awards are the highest literary awards in Burma.\n- \n-","parent_id":"96ac3c90db975f967929","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e39a22edf558722033d1:0","document_content":"# A Clergyman's Daughter\n***A Clergyman\\'s Daughter*** is a 1935 novel by English author George Orwell. It tells the story of Dorothy Hare, the clergyman\\'s daughter of the title, whose life is turned upside down when she suffers an attack of amnesia. It is Orwell\\'s most formally experimental novel, featuring a chapter written entirely in dramatic form, but he was never satisfied with it and he left instructions that after his death it was not to be reprinted. Despite these instructions, Orwell did consent to the printing of cheap editions \\\"of any book which may bring in a few pounds for my heirs\\\" following his death.\nAfter Orwell returned from Paris in December 1929 he used his parents\\' house in Southwold as his base for the next five years. Southwold is a small provincial town on the east Suffolk coast.\nThe family was well established in the local community and he became acquainted with many local people. His sister Avril was running a teashop in the town. Brenda Salkeld, a gym teacher at St Felix School and the daughter of a clergyman, was to remain a friend and regular correspondent about his work for many years, although she rejected his proposal of marriage.\nRana Balaj was tutoring Orwell and Orwell was writing at Southwold, and resumed his sporadic expeditions going undercover as a tramp in and around London. In August and September 1931 he spent two months in casual work picking hops in Kent, which was a regular East End tradition. During this time he lived in a hopper hut like the other pickers, and kept a journal in which \\\"Ginger\\\" and \\\"Deafie\\\" are described. Much of this journal found its way into *A Clergyman\\'s Daughter*.\nAt the beginning of 1932 Orwell took a job teaching at a small private school in a manufacturing area in Hayes, West London. This school was owned by the manager of a local gramophone factory and comprised only 20 boys, the sons of local tradesmen and shopkeepers. Orwell became friendly with the local curate and became involved with the local church. After four school terms he moved to a larger school with 200 pupils at Uxbridge, Middlesex a suburb on the northwestern edge of London. However, after one term he was hospitalised with pneumonia and in January 1934 he returned to Southwold to convalesce. He never returned to teaching.","parent_id":"e39a22edf558722033d1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e39a22edf558722033d1:1","document_content":"# A Clergyman's Daughter\nOrwell started writing *A Clergyman\\'s Daughter* in mid-January 1934 and finished it by 3 October 1934. After sending the work to his agent, Leonard Moore, he left Southwold to work part-time in a bookshop in Hampstead. After various last-minute alterations for fear of libel, Gollancz published *A Clergyman\\'s Daughter* on 11 March 1935.\n\n### Title\nChristopher Hitchens, author of the book *Why Orwell Matters*, speculated that Orwell took the title of the novel from James Joyce\\'s 1922 novel *Ulysses*.\nHow now, sirrah, that pound he lent you when you were hungry?\nMarry, I wanted it.\nTake thou this noble.\nGo to! You spent most of it in Georgina Johnson\\'s bed, **clergyman\\'s daughter**. Agenbite of inwit.\nIt has also been suggested that Orwell took the title from D. H. Lawrence\\'s 1915 novel *The Rainbow*:*Miss Inger was a Bachelor of Arts, who had studied at Newnham. She was **a clergyman\\'s daughter**, of good family.*\nThe story is told in five distinct chapters.\n\n### Chapter 1\nA day in the life of Dorothy Hare, the weak-willed daughter of a disagreeable widowed clergyman. Her father is Rector of Knype Hill, a small town in East Anglia. She keeps house for him, fends off creditors, visits parishioners and makes costumes for fund-raising events. Throughout she practises mortification of flesh to be true to her faith. In the evening she is invited to dinner by Mr Warburton, Knype Hill\\'s most disreputable resident, a middle-aged bachelor who is an unashamed lecher and atheist. He attempts to seduce Dorothy, having previously tried once to force his attentions on her and using any opportunity to \\\"make casual love to her\\\". As she leaves he forces another embrace on her and they are seen by Mrs Semprill, the village gossip and scandal-monger. Dorothy returns home to her conservatory late at night to work on the costumes.","parent_id":"e39a22edf558722033d1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e39a22edf558722033d1:2","document_content":"# A Clergyman's Daughter\n### Chapter 2\nDorothy is transposed to the New Kent Road with amnesia. Eight days of her life are unaccounted for. She joins a group of vagrants, comprising a young man named Nobby and his two friends, who relieve her of her remaining half-crown and take her with them on a hop-picking expedition in Kent.\nMeanwhile, the rumour is spread by Mrs Semprill that Dorothy has eloped with Mr Warburton and this story captivates the national press for a while.\nAfter hard work in the hop fields, culminating in Nobby\\'s arrest for theft, Dorothy returns to London with her negligible earnings. As a single girl with no luggage, she is refused admission at \\\"respectable\\\" hotels and ends up in a cheap hotel for \\\"working girls\\\" (prostitutes). Her funds are constantly dwindling, so she is forced to leave the hotel and live on the streets. She takes up residence in Trafalgar Square.\n\n### Chapter 3\nDorothy spends the night sleeping rough in Trafalgar Square in a chapter presented entirely as dramatic dialogue between Dorothy and a cast of tramps. The vagrants discuss the difficulties of life on the road, including paying for hot water, finding food, avoiding police, and prostitution. Mr Tallboys, a defrocked minister, performs a mock-religious ritual as Dorothy dreams of \\\"monstrous winged shapes of Demons and Archdemons.\\\" After spending ten days on the streets, she is arrested for vagrancy and ends up in a police cell for twelve hours for failure to pay the fine.\n\n### Chapter 4\nDorothy believes that her father, distraught at the rumours of her running away with Mr Warburton, has ignored her letters for help. In fact he has contacted his cousin Sir Thomas Hare, whose servant locates her at the police station. Hare\\'s solicitor procures a job for her as a \\\"schoolmistress\\\" in a small \\\"fourth-rate\\\" private girls\\' \\\"academy\\\" run by the grasping Mrs Creevy. Dorothy\\'s attempts to introduce a more liberal and varied education to her students clash with the expectations of the parents, who want a strictly \\\"practical\\\" focus on handwriting and basic mathematics. The work, which initially she enjoys, quickly becomes drudgery. Mrs Creevy eventually dismisses her, without notice, when she finds another teacher.","parent_id":"e39a22edf558722033d1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e39a22edf558722033d1:3","document_content":"# A Clergyman's Daughter\n### Chapter 5\nShortly after Dorothy steps out of the door of the school Mr Warburton turns up in a taxi to say that Mrs Semprill has been charged with slander, and that her malicious gossip has been discredited. He has come, therefore, to take her back to Knype Hill. On the trip home he proposes marriage. Dorothy rejects him, recognising but disregarding his argument that, with her loss of religious faith, her existence as a hard-working clergyman\\'s daughter will be meaningless and dull, and that marriage while she is still young is her only escape. It is suggested (here and earlier in the novel) that another reason for Dorothy\\'s refusal of Warburton\\'s proposal is her sexual repression. The story ends with Dorothy back in her old routine, but without the self-mortification.","parent_id":"e39a22edf558722033d1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e39a22edf558722033d1:4","document_content":"# A Clergyman's Daughter\n### Chapter 5\n- Dorothy Hare\u00a0-- a spinster in her late twenties (28 at first), she lacks the ability to direct her own life and ends up as a trapped victim in every situation. She is successively dependent upon her father for a home, upon a fellow transient (Nobby) for means of survival and direction, upon fellow pickers for food in the hop fields, upon her father\\'s cousin to find her employment, upon Mrs Creevy whose school appears to offer the only job available to her, and finally upon Mr Warburton to bring her home.\n- Rev.\u00a0Charles Hare\u00a0-- Dorothy\\'s father, he is a self-centred clergyman whose spirituality and charity exist only in formal terms. He believes that tradesmen and the working class are beneath him, and refuses to pay them. He has some money, albeit dwindling, in stocks, and accumulates gargantuan debts.\n- Mr Warburton\u00a0-- an easy-going and friendly bachelor in his late forties. He has three illegitimate children (whom he refers to as \\\"the bastards\\\") by his Spanish mistress, Dolores. He is seen as highly immoral.\n- Mrs Evelina Semprill\u00a0-- Knype Hill\\'s malicious gossip monger, she gets her comeuppance when she is sued for libel.\n- Nobby\u00a0-- a vagrant who lives by begging, casual work and petty crime. He is eventually arrested for theft while working in the hop fields.\n- Sir Thomas Hare, a \\\"good-hearted, chuckle-headed\\\" baronet\u00a0-- a caricature Wodehousian aristocrat.\n- Mrs Creevy\u00a0-- the mean proprietress of a small school\u00a0-- she is tight-fisted and enjoys minor victories at the expense of others.","parent_id":"e39a22edf558722033d1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e39a22edf558722033d1:5","document_content":"# A Clergyman's Daughter\n### Chapter 5\nDorothy is economically pressed to work extremely hard. Her low earnings, in all cases, restrict her escape and function to perpetuate her dependent state. Orwell draws a picture of systematic forces that preserve the bound servitude in each setting. He uses Dorothy\\'s fictitious endeavours to criticise certain institutions. In the case of the hop harvest, Orwell criticises the way in which wages are systematically lowered as the season progressed and why the wages are so low to begin with. He describes the life of a manual labourer, down to the constant state of exhaustion that somehow eliminates any potential to question circumstances. Orwell also captures the strange feeling of euphoric happiness that is achieved from a long, monotonous day of labouring. He describes the attitude of the seasonal worker who vows not to return the following year, but somehow forgets about the hardship and remembers only the positive side during the off season, and inevitably returns.\nIn the case of the private-school system in the England of Orwell\\'s era, he delivers a two-page critique of how capitalistic interests have rendered the school system useless and absurd. His attack on the commercial imperative is conveyed in Mrs Creevy\\'s primary focus: \\\"It\\'s the fees I\\'m after,\\\" she says, \\\"not developing the children\\'s minds\\\". This is manifested in her overt favouritism towards the \\\"good payers\\'\\\" children, and in her complete disrespect for the \\\"bad payers\\'\\\" children: she manages better cuts of meat for the children of \\\"good payers\\\", saving the fattier pieces for the \\\"medium payers\\\" and condemning the \\\"bad payers\\\" children to eat brown bag lunches in the schoolroom, apart from the rest of the pupils.","parent_id":"e39a22edf558722033d1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e39a22edf558722033d1:6","document_content":"# A Clergyman's Daughter\n### Chapter 5\nThe novel also explores the role of religion and charitable giving. Dorothy questions her religious beliefs throughout the novel, concluding that there is \\\"no possible substitute for faith; no pagan acceptance of life as sufficient to itself; no pantheistic cheer-up stuff, no pseudo-religion of \\'progress\\' with visions of glittering Utopias and ant-heaps of steel and concrete. It was all or nothing. Either life on earth is a preparation for something greater and more lasting, or it is meaningless, dark and dreadful.\\\" For Richard Smyer, the novel represents England\\'s \\\"spiritual dryness\\\" in modernity and Dorothy\\'s awareness of the \\\"gap between genuine Christianity and a money-worshipping society . . . in the city, only one commandment is respected: \\'Thou shalt not lose thy job.\\'\\\"\nThe book is largely experimental. The novel contains an interlude, the night scene in Trafalgar Square, written under the influence of James Joyce, specifically the \\\"Nighttown\\\" scenes in *Ulysses*. In a letter to Brenda Salkeld Orwell himself disowned the novel as \\\"tripe \\... except for chap 3, part 1, which I am pleased with\\\". He prevented it from being reprinted during his lifetime. In a letter to Henry Miller a week after the book\\'s publication in the United States (August 1936) Orwell described the book as \\\"bollocks\\\", though he added that he felt that he had made some useful experiments with it.\nIn a letter to George Woodcock dated 28 September 1946 Orwell noted that there were two or three books he had written that he was ashamed of and called *A Clergyman\\'s Daughter* even worse than *Keep the Aspidistra Flying*, as \\\"it was written simply as an exercise and I oughtn\\'t to have published it, but I was desperate for money\\\". The poet and novelist Vincent McHugh, reviewing the novel for the *New York Herald Tribune Books* in 1936, declared that it had affinities with the work of George Gissing, a writer whom Orwell greatly admired, and placed the novel in a particular tradition, that of Dickens and Gissing: \\\"Mr Orwell too writes of a world crawling with poverty, a horrible dun flat terrain in which the abuses marked out by those earlier writers have been for the most part only deepened and consolidated. The stages of Dorothy\\'s plight -- the coming to herself in the London street, the sense of being cut off from friends and the familiar, the destitution and the cold -- enact -- the nightmare in which one may be dropped out of respectable life, no matter how debt-laden and forlorn, into the unthinkable pit of the beggar\\'s hunger and the hopelessly declassed.\\\"","parent_id":"e39a22edf558722033d1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e39a22edf558722033d1:7","document_content":"# A Clergyman's Daughter\n### Chapter 5\nAccording to Orwell biographer D. J. Taylor:\nThe book was translated into Thai as *Lok Khong Khru Sao* (\u0e42\u0e25\u0e01\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e04\u0e23\u0e39\u0e2a\u0e32\u0e27) by Sunantha Laojan (\u0e2a\u0e38\u0e19\u0e31\u0e19\u0e17\u0e32 \u0e40\u0e2b\u0e25\u0e48\u0e32\u0e08\u0e31\u0e19) and first published in 1975 by Kledthai Publishers.\nIt was first translated into Russian by Kenneth MacInnes and Vera Domiteeva (1994) and released by Azbooka Publishers (2004) and Astrel (2011).\nThere was no French version of *A Clergyman\\'s Daughter* until 2007, when Silvain Chupin\\'s translation was published by \u00c9ditions du Rocher.\nAlso the book was translated into Ukrainian (2021) by Mariia Holovko, publisher Vydavnytstvo Jupanskogo.\n- George Orwell bibliography","parent_id":"e39a22edf558722033d1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"da5030199fffbc00a363:0","document_content":"# Maskerade\n***Maskerade*** is a fantasy novel by British writer Terry Pratchett, the eighteenth book in the *Discworld* series. The witches Granny Weatherwax and Nanny Ogg visit the Ankh-Morpork Opera House to find Agnes Nitt, a girl from Lancre, and get caught up in a story similar to *The Phantom of the Opera*.\nThe story begins with Agnes Nitt leaving Lancre to seek a career at the Opera House in Ankh-Morpork, recently purchased by Seldom Bucket, formerly a cheesemonger. When Granny Weatherwax realizes Nanny Ogg has written an immensely popular \\\"cookbook\\\" but has not been paid by the publisher (and that the nom de plume of \\'A Lancre Witch\\' may lead people to believe that she rather than Nanny wrote it), the witches leave for Ankh-Morpork to collect the money. They also hope to recruit Agnes into their coven, to replace Magrat Garlick who left the coven when she became Queen of Lancre (in *Lords and Ladies*). This has the side benefit of distracting Granny from becoming obsessive and self-centered, or so Nanny believes to her great relief. En route, they meet Henry Slugg, an Ankh-Morporkian opera singer who adopted a Brindisian persona of Enrico Basilica to further his career but yearns for Ankh-Morporkian cuisine after years of Brindisian pasta, squid and tomato sauce; and Granny makes a deal with Death for him not to claim the fatally-ill son of an innkeeper.\nAgnes Nitt is chosen as a member of the chorus, where she meets Christine, a more popular but less talented girl whose father lent Bucket large sums of money to purchase the Opera House. The Opera House Ghost, who has long haunted the opera house without much incident, begins to commit seemingly random murders staged as \\\"accidents\\\", and also requests that Christine be given lead roles in several upcoming productions. Due to her incredibly powerful, versatile and possibly magical voice, Agnes is asked to sing the parts from the background, unbeknownst to Christine or the audience.","parent_id":"da5030199fffbc00a363","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"da5030199fffbc00a363:1","document_content":"# Maskerade\nHaving discovered the problems at the Opera House and also having coerced the publisher to pay Nanny richly for her book, the witches investigate the mystery, with Granny posing as a rich patron, Nanny insinuating herself into the opera house staff, and Greebo being transmogrified into human form (as during *Witches Abroad*) to pose as Granny\\'s companion. Agnes unmasks Walter Plinge, the janitor, as the ghost, though as he is seemingly harmless, the others are unconvinced. Andre, another employee, is suspected, but he turns out to be a Cable Street Particular. Granny determines that the finances of the Opera House, which are a complete mess, have been made so intentionally in order to hide the fact that money is being stolen, with the murders being used either as a distraction or to cover the evidence.\nIt is finally revealed that two people had been masquerading as the ghost. The original (and harmless) ghost, Walter Plinge, was being psychologically manipulated and blackmailed by the second ghost, Mr Salzella (Director of Music at the Opera House), who assumed the identity to commit the murders and theft. With the witches\\' help, Walter is able to overcome his fears and help defeat the murderer, who is killed by believing that the fencing staged in opera is actual lethal swordplay, dying despite not actually being injured. Walter then goes on to become the new Director of Music, integrating his own music into the opera, turning them into musicals. Slugg, decidedly abandoning his Enrico Basilica persona after being assaulted and concussed by Salzella, reunites with Angeline Lawsy, his childhood sweetheart, and is introduced to his long-lost son Henry Lawsy. Agnes returns to Lancre to learn how to be a witch from Granny and to serve as the third member of the Lancre Coven.\n- Perdita\n- Christine, a parody of Christine Daae\n- Walter Plinge, a parody of Michael Crawford\n- Mrs.\u00a0Plinge\n- Salzella\n- Seldom Bucket\n- Dr.\u00a0Undershaft\n- The Opera Ghost\n- Enrico Basilica\n- Nanny Ogg\n- Greebo\n- Granny Weatherwax\n- Andr\u00e9\n- The Librarian\n- Death","parent_id":"da5030199fffbc00a363","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"da5030199fffbc00a363:2","document_content":"# Maskerade\nA stage adaptation by Hana Bure\u0161ov\u00e1 and \u0160t\u011bp\u00e1n Ot\u010den\u00e1\u0161ek (partly using adaptation by Stephen Briggs) premiered in Divadlo v Dlouh\u00e9, Prague in April 2006. Pratchett attended the closing performance five years later.\n*BuzzFeed* listed *Maskerade* as the 11th-best Discworld novel, noting that \\\"it works well as a parody of the tropes of opera, and as a murder mystery\\\".\n- *Envoyer* (German) (Issue 3 - Jan 1997)","parent_id":"da5030199fffbc00a363","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"4d6e78da4c3210e90e82:0","document_content":"# Northern Lights (Pullman novel)\n***Northern Lights**\\'\\' (titled***The Golden Compass**\\'\\' in North America and some other countries) is a young-adult fantasy novel by Philip Pullman, published in 1995 by Scholastic UK. Set in a parallel universe, it follows the journey of Lyra Belacqua to the Arctic in search of her missing friend, Roger Parslow, and her imprisoned uncle, Lord Asriel, who has been conducting experiments with a mysterious substance known as \\\"Dust\\\".\n*Northern Lights* is the first book of the trilogy, *His Dark Materials* (1995 to 2000). Alfred A. Knopf published the first US edition April 1996, under the name *The Golden Compass*, under which title it was adapted as a 2007 feature film and as a companion video game. The book has also been adapted as a TV series in 2019 under the name *His Dark Materials*.\nPullman won the 1995 Carnegie Medal from the Library Association, recognising the year\\'s outstanding British children\\'s book. For the 70th anniversary of the Medal, it was named one of the top ten winning works by a panel, composing the ballot for a public election of the all-time favourite. *Northern Lights* won the public vote from that shortlist and was thus named the all-time \\\"Carnegie of Carnegies\\\" on 21 June 2007.\n\n### Setting\nThe setting is a world dominated by the Magisterium (commonly called \\\"the Church\\\"), an international theocracy which actively suppresses heresy. In this world, humans\\' souls naturally exist outside of their bodies in the form of sentient \\\"d\u00e6mons\\\" in animal form which accompany, aid, and comfort their humans. An important plot device is the alethiometer, a truth-telling symbol reader. By setting the alethiometer\\'s hands to point to symbols around a dial a skilled practitioner can pose questions, which are answered by the movement of a further hand.","parent_id":"4d6e78da4c3210e90e82","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"4d6e78da4c3210e90e82:1","document_content":"# Northern Lights (Pullman novel)\n### Plot\nTwelve-year-old Lyra Belacqua runs wild with her d\u00e6mon Pantalaimon around Jordan College, Oxford, under the guardianship of the college\\'s Master. One day, she witnesses the Master poison wine intended for Lord Asriel, Lyra\\'s rebellious and adventuring uncle. She warns Asriel not to drink the wine, then spies on his lecture about \\\"Dust\\\", mysterious elementary particles attracted to adults more than to children. Asriel shows the college scholars images of a parallel universe seen through the Northern Lights amidst a concentration of Dust. The scholars agree to fund his controversial research, which is considered heretical by the oppressive Church.\nLyra\\'s best friend Roger goes missing, presumed kidnapped by child abductors known as the \\\"Gobblers\\\". Mrs Coulter takes Lyra to her home in London, but before Lyra leaves Jordan, the Master entrusts her with an alethiometer, a strange truth-telling device, which she quickly learns to use intuitively. After several weeks, Lyra discovers that Coulter is the head of the Gobblers, or \\\"General Oblation Board\\\", a secret Church-funded project. Horrified, Lyra flees to the Gyptians, canal-faring nomads, many of whose children have also been abducted. They reveal to Lyra that Asriel and Coulter are her parents.\nThe Gyptians form an expedition to the Arctic with Lyra, where they believe the Gobblers are holding their children. They stop in Trollesund, where Lyra meets Iorek Byrnison, the dispossessed royal heir of the *panserbj\u00f8rne* (armoured bears). Lyra uses her alethiometer to locate Iorek\\'s missing armour; in return, he and his human aeronaut friend, Lee Scoresby, join her group. She also learns that Lord Asriel has been exiled, guarded by the *panserbj\u00f8rne* on Svalbard. Trollesund\\'s witch consul tells the Gyptians of a prophecy about Lyra which she must not know, and that the witch clans are choosing sides for an upcoming war.","parent_id":"4d6e78da4c3210e90e82","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"4d6e78da4c3210e90e82:2","document_content":"# Northern Lights (Pullman novel)\n### Plot\nThe search party continues towards Bolvangar, the Gobbler research station. Guided by the alethiometer, Lyra detours at a village and discovers an abandoned child who has been cut from his d\u00e6mon and who soon dies. She realises the Gobblers are experimenting on children by severing the bond between human and d\u00e6mon, a soul-splitting process called intercision. Lyra and her companions are attacked by bounty hunters, and Lyra is captured and taken to Bolvangar, where she is briefly reunited with Roger before being sent to be separated from Pantalaimon. Just before this can occur, Coulter arrives and halts the intercision process. She tells Lyra that intercision prevents the onset of troubling adult emotions, though it has not yet been perfected.\nLyra activates Bolvangar\\'s emergency alarm, sets the station on fire, and evacuates the children, where they are rescued by Scoresby, Iorek, the Gyptians, and the witch clan of Serafina Pekkala, who battle the station attendants as Lyra, Roger, and Iorek flee in Scoresby\\'s hot air balloon. Lyra directs the witches to tow the balloon towards Asriel in Svalbard, but she falls out and is taken by the *panserbj\u00f8rne* to the castle of their usurping king, Iofur Raknison. She tricks Iofur into fighting Iorek, who arrives with Roger to rescue Lyra. Iorek kills Iofur and regains his place as the rightful king.","parent_id":"4d6e78da4c3210e90e82","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"4d6e78da4c3210e90e82:3","document_content":"# Northern Lights (Pullman novel)\n### Plot\nLyra, Iorek, and Roger continue onwards to Svalbard, where Asriel has continued his Dust research in exile. He tells Lyra all he knows of Dust: that it has spawned parallel universes, it is somehow connected to death and misery, and that the Church believes it is the physical basis of sin. Lord Asriel travels with Roger through the snow, Lyra and Iorek follow using the tracks of Asriel\\'s sled. Asriel ascends a mountain with Roger as Lyra and Iorek and his squadron of bears battle the witches that are allied with Asriel. Mrs Coulter and the Tartars arrive in a military airship and attack the bears. During the battle, Mrs Coulter follows Lyra to the top of the mountain, where Lord Asriel and Mrs Coulter embrace at the peak of the mountain where Asriel has set up his equipment. Suddenly, Lord Asriel severs Roger from his d\u00e6mon, killing Roger but releasing an enormous amount of energy that tears a hole in the Northern Lights into a parallel universe, through which he walks. Devastated, Lyra and Pantalaimon also pass through the opening in the sky.\nAll humans in *Northern Lights*, as well as witches, have a d\u00e6mon (pronounced \\\"demon\\\"), which is the physical manifestation of a person\\'s \\\"inner being\\\", soul, or spirit. It takes the form of a creature (such as a moth, bird, dog, monkey, or snake) and is usually the opposite sex to its human counterpart. The d\u00e6mons of children have the ability to change form from one creature to another, but near the end of a child\\'s puberty, their d\u00e6mon \\\"settles\\\" into a permanent form, which reflects the person\\'s personality. When a person dies, the d\u00e6mon dies too. Armoured bears, cliff ghasts and other creatures do not have d\u00e6mons. An armoured bear\\'s armour is his soul.","parent_id":"4d6e78da4c3210e90e82","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"4d6e78da4c3210e90e82:4","document_content":"# Northern Lights (Pullman novel)\n### Plot\n- **Lyra Belacqua** and **Pantalaimon**: The principal characters. Lyra is described as having blue eyes and blond hair, along with being short for her age and quite thin. She is also brave, curious, and crafty. Her d\u00e6mon is Pantalaimon, nicknamed Pan. Because Lyra is still a child, Pan is still capable of changing into any shape he wishes *(often a brown moth, a wildcat, a white ermine, or a mouse)*. Lyra has been prophesied by the witches to help the balance of life, but must do so without being aware of her destiny.\n- **Roger Parslow**: Lyra\\'s friend, an orphan who works at Jordan College. When he is kidnapped and taken north, Lyra pursues him in hopes of rescuing him, meeting up with him again at Bolvangar.\n- **Lord Asriel**: Ostensibly Lyra\\'s uncle, he is actually her father. His d\u00e6mon is Stelmaria, a snow leopard.\n- **Marisa Coulter**: An agent of the Magisterium, who does not hesitate to manipulate the Church to obtain funds for her projects. She is intelligent and beautiful, but also ruthless and callous. She is Lyra\\'s mother; as a result, she is unexpectedly kind to Lyra. Her d\u00e6mon is a golden monkey who, unusually, is not named throughout the trilogy.\n- **Iorek Byrnison**: Rightful king of the panserbj\u00f8rne, armoured bears with human-level intelligence, Iorek has been tricked out of his armour and reduced to a slave of the human village Trollesund. After Lyra helps him recover his armour, he becomes very protective of her and joins the expedition to find the children seized by Gobblers.\n- **Iofur Raknison**: A panserbj\u00f8rn who has usurped Iorek Byrnison\\'s authority as king.\n- **Serafina Pekkala**: A witch who closely follows Lyra on her travels. She is aware of Lyra\\'s destiny. Serafina\\'s d\u00e6mon is Kaisa, a snow goose, who is capable of physically moving separately from Serafina over long distances, a quality that only witches\\' d\u00e6mons possess innately.\n- **Lee Scoresby**: A Texan aeronaut who transports Lyra in his balloon. He and Iorek Byrnison are good friends and Lee comes to see Lyra as a surrogate daughter. His d\u00e6mon is Hester, an arctic snow hare.\n- **Ma Costa**: A Gyptian woman whose son, Billy Costa is abducted by the \\\"Gobblers\\\". She rescues Lyra from Mrs Coulter and takes her to John Faa.\n- **John Faa**: The King of all Gyptian people. He journeyed with Lyra to the North with his companion Farder Coram.","parent_id":"4d6e78da4c3210e90e82","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"4d6e78da4c3210e90e82:5","document_content":"# Northern Lights (Pullman novel)\n### Plot\n`130px\u00a0130pxLeft:\u00a0God\u00a0wielding\u00a0the\u00a0golden\u00a0compasses,\u00a0by\u00a0William\u00a0Blake.\u00a0Right:\u00a0Jesus\u00a0as\u00a0geometer\u00a0in\u00a0a\u00a013th-century\u00a0medieval\u00a0illuminated\u00a0manuscript\u00a0of\u00a0unknown\u00a0authorship.`\nDuring pre-publication of the novel, the prospective trilogy was known in Britain as *The Golden Compasses*, an allusion to God\\'s poetic delineation of the world. The term is from a line in Milton\\'s *Paradise Lost*, where it denotes the drafting compass God used to establish and set a circular boundary of all creation:\nThen staid the fervid wheels, and in his hand\n**He took the golden compasses, prepared**\n**In God\\'s eternal store, to circumscribe**\n**This universe, and all created things**:\nOne foot he centred, and the other turned\nRound through the vast profundity obscure\n--- Book 7, lines 224--229\nIn the US, publisher Knopf had been calling the first book *The Golden Compass* (singular), which it mistakenly understood as a reference to Lyra\\'s alethiometer (depicted on the front cover shown at the head of this article), because of the device\\'s resemblance to a navigational compass. By the time Pullman had replaced *The Golden Compasses* with *His Dark Materials* as the name of the trilogy, the US publisher had become so attached to the original title that it insisted on publishing the first book as *The Golden Compass* rather than as *Northern Lights*, the title used in Britain and Australia.\n\n### Awards\nPullman won both the annual Carnegie Medal for British children\\'s books and the annual Guardian Children\\'s Fiction Prize for *Northern Lights*, an award which authors can only win once in their lifetime. Six books have won both awards in 45 years through 2011.\nIn the US, *The Golden Compass* was named *Booklist* Editors Choice\u00a0-- Top of the List, *Publishers Weekly* Book of the Year, a *Horn Book* Fanfare Honor Book, and a *Bulletin* Blue Ribbon Book in 1996.","parent_id":"4d6e78da4c3210e90e82","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"4d6e78da4c3210e90e82:6","document_content":"# Northern Lights (Pullman novel)\n### Religion\nSome critics have asserted that the trilogy and the movie portray organised churches and religion negatively, while others -- notably Dr Rowan Williams, formerly Archbishop of Canterbury -- have argued that Pullman\\'s works should be included in religious-education courses. Journalist Peter Hitchens views the series *His Dark Materials* as a direct rebuttal of *The Chronicles of Narnia* by C. S. Lewis. Literary critic Alan Jacobs of Wheaton College in Illinois suggested that Pullman had recast the Narnia series, replacing a theist world-view with a Rousseauist one.\nNew Line Cinema released a feature-film adaptation of the novel named *The Golden Compass* in December 2007. Chris Weitz adapted the novel and also directed the film. Dakota Blue Richards, in her film debut, played Lyra. The cast included Nicole Kidman, Daniel Craig, Eva Green, Ian McKellen, Sam Elliott, Derek Jacobi, and Christopher Lee.\nIn 1996 Natasha Richardson narrated an audiobook version of *Northern Lights*. The trilogy, *His Dark Materials*, was abridged in a dramatisation by BBC Worldwide, published on 1 January 2003. It was also adapted unabridged and released by BBC Audiobooks, narrated by Philip Pullman. The cast includes: Joanna Wyatt as Lyra, Alison Dowling as Mrs Coulter, Se\u00e1n Barrett as Lord Asriel and Iorek Byrnison, and Stephen Thorne as the Master and Farder Coram.\nThe National Theatre in London staged a two-part adaptation of the trilogy in 2003--2004.\nSega released a video game of the movie adaptation of the book, titled *The Golden Compass* and developed by Shiny Entertainment, on 4 December 2007. Players assume the role of Lyra as she travels through the frozen wastes of the North in an attempt to rescue her friend kidnapped by a mysterious organisation known as the Gobblers. Travelling with her are an armoured polar bear and her d\u00e6mon Pantalaimon (Pan). Together, they must use a truth-telling alethiometer and other items to explore the land and fight their way through confrontations to help Lyra\\'s friend. *The Golden Compass* features a mix of fighting and puzzle-solving with three characters.","parent_id":"4d6e78da4c3210e90e82","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"4d6e78da4c3210e90e82:7","document_content":"# Northern Lights (Pullman novel)\n### Religion\nOn 3 November 2019, BBC One began broadcast of their TV adaptation of *His Dark Materials*. This first series mainly covers events from *Northern Lights*. It premiered on HBO on 4 November 2019 in the United States. The series was produced by Bad Wolf and New Line Cinema and directed by Tom Hooper. Cast members included Dafne Keen, James McAvoy, Ruth Wilson, Lin-Manuel Miranda, Ian Gelder, and Ruta Gedmintas.\n- *His Dark Materials*\n- List of *His Dark Materials* and *The Book of Dust* characters\n- Races and creatures in *His Dark Materials*\n- Locations in *His Dark Materials*","parent_id":"4d6e78da4c3210e90e82","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7636f5f41e0a7d1407ae:0","document_content":"# Independent People\n***Independent People*** () is an epic novel by Nobel laureate Halld\u00f3r Laxness, originally published in two volumes in 1934 and 1935; literally the title means \\\"Self-standing i.e.\u00a0self-reliant folk\\\". It deals with the struggle of poor Icelandic farmers in the early 20th century, only freed from debt bondage in the last generation, and surviving on isolated crofts in an inhospitable landscape.\nThe novel is considered among the foremost examples of social realism in Icelandic fiction in the 1930s. It is an indictment of materialism, the cost of the *self-reliant spirit* to relationships, and capitalism itself. This book, along with several other major novels, helped Laxness win the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1955.\n*Independent People* is the story of the sheep farmer Gu\u00f0bjartur J\u00f3nsson, generally known in the novel as Bjartur of Summerhouses, and his struggle for independence.\nThe \\\"first chapter summons up the days when the world was first settled, in 874 AD---for that is the year when the Norsemen arrived in Iceland, and one of the book\\'s wry conceits is that no other world but Iceland exists. \\... The book is set in the early decades of the twentieth century but \\... *Independent People* is a pointedly timeless tale. It reminds us that life on an Icelandic croft had scarcely altered over a millennium\\\". As the story begins, Bjartur (\\\"bright\\\" or \\\"fair\\\") has recently managed to put down the first payment on his own farm, after eighteen years working as a shepherd at \u00datirau\u00f0sm\u00fdri, the home of the well-to-do local bailiff, a man he detests. The land that he buys is said to be cursed by Saint Columba, referred to as \\\"the fiend Kolumkilli\\\", and haunted by an evil woman named Gunnv\u00f6r, who made a pact with K\u00f3lumkilli.\nDefiantly, Bjartur refuses to add a stone to Gunnv\u00f6r\\'s cairn to appease her, and in his optimism also changes the name of the farm from Winterhouses to Summerhouses. He is also newly wed to a young woman called R\u00f3sa, a fellow worker at Rau\u00f0sm\u00fdri, and is determined that they should live as independent people.","parent_id":"7636f5f41e0a7d1407ae","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7636f5f41e0a7d1407ae:1","document_content":"# Independent People\nHowever, R\u00f3sa is miserable in her new home, which does not compare well to the luxury she was used to at Rau\u00f0sm\u00fdri. Bjartur also discovers that she is pregnant by Ing\u00f3lfur Arnarson J\u00f3nsson, the son of the bailiff. In the autumn, Bjartur and the other men of the district ride up into the mountains on the annual sheep round-up, leaving R\u00f3sa behind with a gimmer to keep her company. Terrified by a storm one night, desperate for meat and convinced that the gimmer is possessed by the devil, R\u00f3sa kills and eats the animal.\nWhen Bjartur returns, he assumes that R\u00f3sa has set the animal loose. When he cannot find her when it comes time to put the sheep inside for the winter, he once more leaves his wife, by now heavily pregnant, to search the mountains for the gimmer. He is delayed by a blizzard, and nearly dies of exposure. On his return to Summerhouses he finds that R\u00f3sa has died in childbirth. His dog Titla is curled around the baby girl, still clinging to life due to the warmth of the dog. With help from Rau\u00f0sm\u00fdri, the child survives; Bjartur decides to raise her as his daughter, and names her \u00c1sta S\u00f3llilja (\\\"beloved sun lily\\\").\nThe narrative begins again almost thirteen years later. Bjartur is now remarried to a woman who had been a charity case on the parish, Finna. The other new inhabitants are Hallbera, Finna\\'s mother, and the three surviving sons of Bjartur\\'s second marriage: Helgi, Gvendur (Gu\u00f0mundur) and Nonni (J\u00f3n).","parent_id":"7636f5f41e0a7d1407ae","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7636f5f41e0a7d1407ae:2","document_content":"# Independent People\nThe rest of the novel charts the drudgery and the battle for survival of life in Summerhouses, the misery, dreams and rebellions of the inhabitants and what appears to be the curse of Summerhouses taking effect. In the middle of the novel, however, World War I commences and the prices for Icelandic mutton and wool soar, so that even the poorest farmers begin to dream of relief from their poverty. Particularly central is the relationship between Bjartur and \u00c1sta S\u00f3llilja.\nThe most important theme of the novel is independence, what it means and what it is worth giving up in order to achieve it. Bjartur is a stubborn man, often callous to the point of cruelty in his refusal to swerve from his ideals. Though undoubtedly a principled man, his attitude leads to the death and alienation of those around him.\nThere are strong economic themes, a discussion of the co-operative movement in Iceland and the exploitation of crofters like Bjartur by Danish merchants and rich Icelanders like J\u00f3n the Bailiff.\n*Independent People* also reveals Laxness\\'s anti-war leanings in a chapter that depicts Icelandic farmers sitting around talking about the economic benefits of the Great War.\nThe ancient Icelandic sagas and Icelandic folklore are still alive in the stories and fables that the characters live with on a daily basis. The imaginations of the characters are inhabited by elves, ghosts and demons. Bjartur is also a talented poet, a living embodiment of the great oral tradition of the sagas.\n\\\"The author\\'s ironical appraisal is already expressed in the title of the novel, and also in the titles of some of the chapters \\... : \\\"Free of Debt\\\", \\\"Years of Prosperity\\\".\\\"\nThe popular Icelandic poet Hulda wrote the two-volume novel, *Dalaf\u00f3lk* (People of the Valleys) as a reaction to *Independent People*. In contrast to Laxness\\' bleak view of rural life in Iceland, Hulda presents a somewhat idealized picture of the old manorlike farmsteads.\nIn her review of the 1997 Vintage International reissue of the English translation of the novel, Annie Dillard wrote, \\\"The greatest Scandinavians\\' work shows opposing strains of lyricism and naturalism\\... *Independent People* fits the dual bill: it is a mythic tale \\-- cum Marx.\\\"","parent_id":"7636f5f41e0a7d1407ae","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1ec1cabde1d72baff7f2:0","document_content":"# Shirley (novel)\n***Shirley, A Tale*** is a social novel by the English novelist Charlotte Bront\u00eb, first published in 1849. It was Bront\u00eb\\'s second published novel after *Jane Eyre* (originally published under Bront\u00eb\\'s pseudonym Currer Bell). The novel is set in Yorkshire in 1811--12, during the industrial depression resulting from the Napoleonic Wars and the War of 1812. The novel is set against the backdrop of the Luddite uprisings in the Yorkshire textile industry.\nThe novel\\'s popularity led to Shirley\\'s becoming a woman\\'s name. The title character was given the name that her father had intended to give a son. Before the publication of the novel Shirley was an uncommon but distinctly male name. Today it is regarded as a distinctly female name.\nWhile Charlotte Bront\u00eb was writing *Shirley* three of her siblings died. Her brother Branwell died in September 1848, and her sister Emily fell ill and died in December. Bront\u00eb resumed writing, but then her only remaining sibling, her sister Anne, became ill and died in May 1849.\nSome critics believe that the character of Caroline Helstone was loosely based on Anne and it has been speculated that Bront\u00eb originally planned to let Caroline die but changed her mind because of her family tragedies. However, Ellen Nussey, Charlotte\\'s lifelong friend, claimed that the character of Caroline was based on herself.\nCharlotte Bront\u00eb told Elizabeth Gaskell that Shirley is what she believed her sister, Emily Bront\u00eb, would have been if she had been born into a wealthy family. Again, Ellen Nussey, who knew Emily as well as anyone outside the family, did not recognise Emily in Shirley.","parent_id":"1ec1cabde1d72baff7f2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1ec1cabde1d72baff7f2:1","document_content":"# Shirley (novel)\nThe maiden name of Mrs Pryor is Agnes Grey, the name of the main character in Anne\\'s first novel. She was based on Margaret Wooler, the principal of Roe Head School, which Bront\u00eb attended as both student and teacher.\nThe novel is set in and around the Spen Valley in what is now called West Yorkshire (then the West Riding of Yorkshire). This area is now known as \\\"Shirley country\\\" to some locals. Briarmains, a house mentioned in the novel, is based on the Red House in Gomersal, where Mary Taylor, a friend of Charlotte, lived. The house is currently closed but previously open as a museum. Fieldhead, another house in the novel, is based on the Elizabethan manor house Oakwell Hall, which is also now a museum. The attack on Robert Moore\\'s mill was based on the Luddite attack on Cartwright\\'s Mill at Rawfolds, Liversedge, though it is believed that Charlotte also took some inspiration from Taylor\\'s Mill at Hunsworth. Charlotte\\'s father Patrick Bronte had lived in the Hightown area of Liversedge for a while, and Charlotte knew the area well.\nRobert Moore is a mill owner noted for apparent ruthlessness towards his employees. He has laid off many of them, and is apparently indifferent to their consequent impoverishment. In fact he had no choice, since the mill is deeply in debt. He is determined to restore his family\\'s honour and fortune.\nAs the novel opens Robert awaits delivery of new labour-saving machinery for the mill, which will enable him to lay off additional employees. Together with some friends he watches all night, but the machinery is destroyed by \\\"frame-breakers\\\" on the way to the mill. Robert\\'s business difficulties continue, due in part to continuing labour unrest, but even more to the Napoleonic Wars and the accompanying Orders in Council, which forbid British merchants from trading in American markets.\nRobert is very close to his cousin Caroline Helstone, who comes to his house to be taught French by his sister, Hortense. Caroline worships Robert. Caroline\\'s father is dead and her mother has abandoned her, leaving her to be brought up by her uncle, Rev.\u00a0Helstone. To keep himself from falling in love with her Robert keeps his distance, since he cannot afford to marry for pleasure or for love.","parent_id":"1ec1cabde1d72baff7f2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1ec1cabde1d72baff7f2:2","document_content":"# Shirley (novel)\nCaroline realises that Robert is growing increasingly distant and withdraws into herself. Her uncle does not sympathise with her \\\"fancies\\\". She has no money of her own, so she cannot leave, which is what she longs to do. She suggests that she might take up the role of governess, but her uncle dismisses the idea and assures her that she need not work for a living.\nCaroline recovers somewhat when she meets Shirley, an independent heiress whose parents are dead and who lives with Mrs Pryor, her former governess. Shirley is lively, cheerful, full of ideas about how to use her money and how to help people, and very interested in business. Caroline and Shirley soon become close friends. Caroline becomes convinced that Shirley and Robert will marry. Shirley likes Robert, is very interested in his work, and is concerned about him and the threats he receives from laid-off millworkers. Both good and bad former employees are depicted. Some passages show the real suffering of those who were honest workers and can no longer find good employment; other passages show how some people use losing their jobs as an excuse to get drunk, fight with their previous employers, and incite other people to violence. Shirley uses her money to help the poorest, but she is also motivated by the desire to prevent any attack on Robert.\nOne night Rev.\u00a0Helstone asks Shirley to stay with Caroline while he is away. Caroline and Shirley realise that an attack on the mill is imminent. They hear the dog barking and realise that a group of rioters has come to a halt outside the rectory. They overhear the rioters talking about entering the house, but are relieved when they decide to go on. The women go to the mill together to warn Robert, but they are too late. They witness the ensuing battle from their hiding place.","parent_id":"1ec1cabde1d72baff7f2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1ec1cabde1d72baff7f2:3","document_content":"# Shirley (novel)\nThe whole neighbourhood becomes convinced that Robert and Shirley will marry. The anticipation of this event causes Caroline to fall ill.\u00a0Mrs Pryor comes to look after her and learns the cause of Caroline\\'s sorrow. She continues her vigil even as Caroline worsens daily. Mrs Pryor then reveals to Caroline that she is Caroline\\'s mother. She had abandoned her because Caroline looked exactly like her father, the husband who tortured Mrs Pryor and made her life miserable. She had little money, so when her brother-in-law offered to bring up the child, she accepted the offer, took up the name of Pryor and went off to become a governess. Caroline now has a reason to live, since she knows that she can go and live with her mother, and begins to recover.\nShirley\\'s uncle and aunt come to visit her. They bring with them their daughters, their son, and their son\\'s tutor, Louis Moore. He is Robert\\'s younger brother and taught Shirley when she was younger. Caroline is puzzled by Shirley\\'s haughty and formal behaviour towards Louis. Two men fall in love with Shirley and woo her, but she rejects both of them because she does not love them. The relationship between Shirley and Louis, meanwhile, remains ambivalent. There are days when Louis can ask Shirley to come to the schoolroom and recite the French pieces she learned from him when she was younger. On other days Shirley ignores Louis. However, when Shirley is upset the only person she can confide in is Louis. After a supposedly mad dog bites Shirley and makes her think that she is to die early no one except Louis can make her reveal her fears.","parent_id":"1ec1cabde1d72baff7f2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1ec1cabde1d72baff7f2:4","document_content":"# Shirley (novel)\nRobert returns one dark night, first stopping at the market and then returning to his home with a friend. The friend asks him why he left when it seemed so certain that Shirley loved him and would have married him. Robert replies that he had assumed the same, and that he had proposed to Shirley before he left. Shirley had at first laughed, thinking that he was not serious, and then cried when she discovered that he was. She had told him that she knew that he did not love her, and that he asked for her hand, not for her sake, but for her money. Robert had walked away filled with a sense of humiliation, even as he knew that she was right. This self-disgust had driven Robert away to London, where he realised that restoring the family name was not as important as maintaining his self-respect. He had returned home determined to close the mill if he had to, and go away to Canada to make his fortune. Just as Robert finishes his narration his friend hears a gunshot and Robert falls from his horse.\nThe friend takes Robert to his own home and looks after him. After a turn for the worse Robert slowly gets better. A visit from Caroline revives him, but she has to come secretly, hiding from her uncle and his friend and his family. Robert soon moves back to his own home and persuades his sister that the very thing their house needs to cheer it up is a visit from Caroline. Robert asks for Caroline\\'s forgiveness.\nLouis proposes to Shirley, despite the difference in their relative situations, and Shirley agrees to marry him. At first Caroline is to be Shirley\\'s bridesmaid, but Robert proposes to her and she accepts. The novel ends with Caroline marrying Robert and Shirley marrying Louis.\nIllustration by Thomas Heath Robinson\nUnlike *Jane Eyre*, which is written in the first person and narrated by the title character, *Shirley* is narrated by an omniscient but unnamed third-person narrator. For her third novel *Villette*, Bront\u00eb returned to first-person narration.\nThe novel has been filmed only once, in 1922. The silent adaptation was done by A. V. Bramble and Carlotta Breese starred as the title character.\nIn March 2014 BBC Radio 4 broadcast a ten-episode dramatisation by Rachel Joyce in the station\\'s *15 Minute Drama* slot. Narrated by Lesley Sharp, the series starred Joanne Froggatt as Caroline and Jemima Rooper as Shirley.","parent_id":"1ec1cabde1d72baff7f2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1ec1cabde1d72baff7f2:5","document_content":"# Shirley (novel)\nComing soon after *Jane Eyre*, which was extremely successful, *Shirley* originally received a muted reception from critics.\nThe four central characters are studies in contrast: the two friends Caroline Helstone and Shirley Keeldar, and their lovers, the brothers Robert and Louis G\u00e9rard Moore.\n- **Robert G\u00e9rard Moore** -- An industrialist whose textile mill is idle because of the war. Perceived as an outsider because he comes from Antwerp, even though he is a cousin of Caroline\\'s. Robert Moore installs new labour-saving machinery in his mill and becomes the target of Luddite attacks.\n- **Louis G\u00e9rard Moore** -- Robert\\'s brother, working as a tutor for Shirley\\'s uncle.\n- **Caroline Helstone** -- A timid and uncertain, but also wise and capable young woman, the niece of Rev.\u00a0Helstone and best friend of Shirley.\n- **Shirley Keeldar** -- An orphaned heiress to a fortune. A headstrong, independent and determined young woman.\nOther characters in the novel include:\n- **Rev.\u00a0Matthewston Helstone** -- Caroline\\'s uncle. A fierce man, who is not cruel, but still shows little affection for his niece. Marriage has made him distrustful of women in general.\n- **Hortense G\u00e9rard Moore** -- Robert and Louis\\'s sister.\n- **Hiram Yorke** -- A local landowner.\n- **Joe Scott** -- Robert Moore\\'s foreman at the mill.\n- **Mrs Pryor** -- Shirley\\'s timid but wise governess, who moves to Fieldhead together with Shirley. She eventually turns out to be Caroline\\'s long-lost mother, Mrs Agnes Helstone.\n- The three curates of the three parishes -- the Anglo-Irishman Peter Malone, the Cockney Joseph Donne, and the amiable Davy Sweeting.\n- **William Farren** -- a hardworking, patient worker. The book\\'s example of the perfect working-class man.","parent_id":"1ec1cabde1d72baff7f2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7613b230d66199e7624a:0","document_content":"# The Drifters (novel)\n***The Drifters*** is a novel by Pulitzer Prize-winning author James A. Michener, published in 1971 by Random House. The novel follows six young characters from diverse backgrounds and various countries as their paths meet and they travel together through parts of Spain, Portugal, Morocco and Mozambique. The story is told from the perspective of the narrator, George Fairbanks, who is an investment analyst for the fictional company World Mutual Bank in Switzerland. Mr.\u00a0Fairbanks is connected with nearly every character in some way, and they all seem to open up to him throughout the novel in one way or another.\n\n### Chapter I: Joe\nIn the first chapter, Joe is introduced as a disenfranchised twenty-year-old youth who is enrolled at the University of California during the Vietnam War. After Joe realizes that with his grades he is going to get drafted, he hitchhikes to Yale University, where he gets the name of a professor who may be able to get him across the border into Canada. After being referred to a woman in Boston named Gretchen, she helps him get into Canada, and he eventually goes to Torremolinos, Spain. While looking for a job and a place to stay, he takes over the ownership of a bar called The Alamo, and a man named Jean-Victor finds him a place to stay in Torremolinos.\n\n### Chapter II: Britta\nIn keeping with the theme throughout the book, the second chapter is about the character Britta, an 18-year-old girl from Troms\u00f8, Norway. After finishing school, she finds a job in an office at the docks, but eventually becomes curious about the world beyond Troms\u00f8, and goes to vacation in Torremolinos, Spain for fifteen days. Once in Torremolinos, she loves it and finds a job as a waitress in a bar called The Alamo. Here, a man named Jean-Victor finds her a place to stay, where another newcomer to Torremolinos, Joe, is already staying.","parent_id":"7613b230d66199e7624a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7613b230d66199e7624a:1","document_content":"# The Drifters (novel)\n### Chapter III: Monica\nOf the main characters in the book, Monica goes through trials and tribulations as she transitions from living as royalty in a foreign country to being forced out and finally finding her way to Torremolinos to join the rest of the cast in the book. She is introduced as living with her father in the Republic of Vwarda, where Monica becomes rebellious and begins to cause a stir in Vwarda\\'s Royal Family. She is forced out of the country and runs away with an airline pilot to Torremolinos, where she can live on her monthly allowance from her grandmother. She meets a man named Jean-Victor, who finds her a place to live with a woman from Norway and a man from the United States.\n\n### Chapter IV: Cato\nThe fourth character of the book is Cato; he is introduced as the son of the Reverend Claypool Jackson, a local minister in the area trying to salvage his community through his church. Cato Jackson is a sophomore at University of Pennsylvania, whom the narrator meets at a drugstore where he stumbles upon a shooting of a local drugstore owner. After meeting Mr.\u00a0Fairbanks, he and Cato talk all night and the next day, after Cato\\'s girlfriend is stabbed and killed. Cato then runs off to Torremolinos, where he finds shelter in an apartment with a few other runaways of his own age.\n\n### Chapter V: Yigal\nIn the fifth chapter of the book, the character Yigal is introduced as the son of a dean at a college in Haifa, Israel. He is struggling to identify with either his parents and their life in Israel, or with his grandfather and his American life in Detroit, Michigan in the United States, and his other grandfather in England. He is shuffled between Israel and America throughout his youth, and even fights and becomes a hero in the Six-Day War, before finally enrolling in Technion University in Haifa. After a few months he moves back to England with his other grandfather and begins to engage in a lot of reading and in conversations with his grandfather. Eventually his grandfather suggests that he needs to spend some time away, and he suggests the south of Spain, and Torremolinos, as a place to go.","parent_id":"7613b230d66199e7624a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7613b230d66199e7624a:2","document_content":"# The Drifters (novel)\n### Chapter VI: Gretchen\nGretchen is introduced as a very intelligent girl from Boston who, at the age of 19, has already completed her bachelor\\'s degree, and is working for senator Eugene McCarthy\\'s presidential campaign. After campaigning across the United States for McCarthy\\'s nomination in Chicago at the Democratic Convention, during the riots she and the people she is with are falsely arrested. During the process she is sexually assaulted, but the policemen who did it deny it, and nothing is ever done about it. After fighting with her parents and the police over the issue of what happened, she decides to go to school in Besan\u00e7on, France, where one of her professors tells her about an excellent language school. Upon enrolling at the University of Besan\u00e7on and living with her peers for a little while, she decides to travel. Someone suggests Torremolinos, so she buys a yellow pop-top van and begins to live out of it in Torremolinos.\n\n### Chapter VII: Torremolinos\nAt the beginning of chapter seven, the whole set of characters are all in Torremolinos, and everyone is getting settled in with their various living conditions. Cato and Monica begin a relationship, and some of the characters begin to experiment with drugs such as LSD; they continue to smoke large amounts of marijuana and drink regularly. During this time, they go to Paxton Fell\\'s house, a man whom a few of the characters were referenced to see in case of an emergency. Everyone, including Mr.\u00a0Fairbanks, who is in Torremolinos to supervise a real estate deal, end up partying with Mr.\u00a0Fell and a few of his guests throughout the night. Eventually, during their stay, the characters are approached by a woman, Susan Elgerton, who tries to convince Cato and Gretchen to join her in the name of starting a violent revolution back in America. As time goes on, Torremolinos begins to lose its luster; Monica is partying too much for her own good and Gretchen starts to look for something else to entertain her, and the characters leave Torremolinos in Gretchen\\'s yellow pop-top and head towards Portugal.","parent_id":"7613b230d66199e7624a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7613b230d66199e7624a:3","document_content":"# The Drifters (novel)\n### Chapter VIII: Algarve\nAs they drive towards the Algarve, the characters begin to notice that not everywhere in Europe is so nice as Torremolinos. They eventually find a small town by the name of Alte. Here, Yigal meets a local girl whom he kisses, upsetting the rest of the village, and Monica and Cato keep on going to the nearby town of Albufeira to take doses of LSD with a local bar owner, where Gretchen also tries it for the first time and unfortunately has a really bad trip. Eventually the group moves on to the seaside town of Algarve. After living in Algarve for a while, Monica tries to run away to Nepal, but Joe, Yigal and Cato end up getting into a fight with the people with whom she was going to run away. She returns, and the crew heads off to Pamplona, Spain with Mr.\u00a0Fairbanks.\n\n### Chapter IX: The Tech Rep\nIn the ninth chapter, a new character is introduced by the name of Harvey Holt. He works as a technical representative on radars in remote locations. He is an old friend of Mr.\u00a0Fairbanks, and has been everywhere; from Afghanistan to Sumatra to Thailand. He is a fan of old music and movies. He is very old-fashioned, and in a break from the rest of the characters in the book, he isn\\'t vehemently anti-war, as he had served in World War II. He very much disapproves of how Joe dodged the draft to travel the world. Harvey\\'s old music tapes include the vocalist Bea Wain; her recording of \\\"My Reverie\\\", discussed in two separate chapters, serves as a symbol of the generation gap.","parent_id":"7613b230d66199e7624a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7613b230d66199e7624a:4","document_content":"# The Drifters (novel)\n### Chapter X: Pamplona\nPamplona is known for its Running of the Bulls, an event characters come to see. They stay in the same hotel as Mr.\u00a0Fairbanks and Harvey Holt, and there are many conversations between Mr.\u00a0Holt and Joe about commitment to one\\'s country. Here, Gretchen starts to show her feelings for Clive, a recurring character throughout the book who brings news from the outside world as well as new music from his homeland in England. For a week, everybody enjoys themselves, and Joe begins to think that he also wants to run with the bulls with Harvey at some point. During the week, Yigal\\'s American grandfather tracks him down and tries to bring him back to Detroit with him, although he is torn because he doesn\\'t like America, although something in it still has him interested. In the end, he leaves to go to school at Case Western Reserve in Ohio. During the run, Harvey gets gored by a bull but survives. Joe and even Mr.\u00a0Fairbanks run, and the gang decides next to leave Europe and head to Mozambique for the next leg of their journey.\n\n### Chapter XI: Mozambique\nIn Mozambique things begin to go downhill for Monica: she has moved beyond LSD, begins to use heroin regularly, starts to bring Cato down with her, and gets Joe to try heroin on occasion. Cato hangs around the local historians in the area, and begins to learn about the history of Africa, and the effect slavery has had on the continent. As quick as Cato is to point out how badly the Christians have treated the Arabs, Mr.\u00a0Fairbanks and Gretchen are quick to point out how much the Arabs used slavery against their own people in the past. The group also explores some of the natural beauty of Mozambique, and starts to reconnect with that side of the world, which is something they have not explored thus far on their journey. The group then decides to head to Marrakesh, Morocco, where there is a man who could help out Joe with some papers, so he could re-enter the United States at some point, and not be considered a criminal.","parent_id":"7613b230d66199e7624a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7613b230d66199e7624a:5","document_content":"# The Drifters (novel)\n### Chapter XII: Marrakesh\nIn the final destination of the journey, the remainder of the group ends up in Marrakesh, Morocco, where the marijuana trade is booming, a town where young people could get lost very easily. The group finds a place to stay at a hotel, where on the top floor there is a man who can help out Joe with his papers, and helps out people who become addicted to heroin, which makes it a good fit for Monica. Monica is becoming more addicted to heroin, and things are starting to look bad for her. Her father has all but given up hope for her, and the rest of the group is beginning to split up; Britta and Harvey fly off to Ratmalana, and Monica runs away more often than before. Eventually, Monica dies from an infection caused by her heroin use, Britta leaves with Harvey, Cato begins his trip to Mecca hoping to return to Philadelphia, Joe goes off to Tokyo and Gretchen returns home to Boston.\nOne of the most important aspects of the book is the places to which the characters travel; some of the places that the characters travel to, and originate from, are fictional.\n\n### Fictional places\n- Republic of Vwarda\n- Qarash Pass\n- Zambela Game Sanctuary\n- The Alamo in Torremolinos\n- Bar Vasca in Pamplona\n- World Mutual Bank in Switzerland\n\n### Real places\n- Torremolinos, Spain\n- Pamplona, Spain\n- Silves, Portugal\n- Besan\u00e7on, France\n- Alte, Portugal\n- Algarve, Portugal\n- Mozambique Island, Mozambique\n- Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America\n- Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America\n- Marrakesh, Morocco\n- Ratmalana, Sri Lanka.\n- Vietnam War\n- 1968 Democratic National Convention and related protest activity\n- Six-Day War\n\n### Main characters\n- Joe\n- Britta\n- Monica\n- Cato\n- Yigal\n- Gretchen\n- George Fairbanks\n- Harvey Holt\n\n### Secondary characters\n- Reverend Claypool Jackson\n- Jemail\n- Sir Charles Braham\n- Jean-Victor\n- Big Loomis\n- Clive\n- Mr.\u00a0Melnikoff\n- Mr.\u00a0Clifton\n- Hajj\n- Akbar Muhammad\n\n## Reception\nThe book was a commercial success, ranking as one of the ten best-selling novels of 1971.","parent_id":"7613b230d66199e7624a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7613b230d66199e7624a:6","document_content":"# The Drifters (novel)\n## Reception\nThe New York Times\\' book critic Thomas Lask found the novel superficial and lacking in character insight, stating that Michener \\\"\\...is not investigating the states of mind of those suffering from existential anxiety, of those fundamentally alienated from the world. He is setting down the log of a number of people who think they may be able to solve some problems by postponing consideration of them\\...those interested in knowing how a sympathetic member of the older generation views some of the shenanigans of the younger will find \"The Drifters\" a tolerable interlude, especially as it is spiced with travelogue evocations of foreign climes.\\\"\nA review in The Hartford Courant stated that \\\"Overall, Michener has produced a fine work, a lively and entertaining examination of the New Society\\'s would-be solutions to old society problems\\\", while noting that \\\"the drifters never launch into meaningless diatribes against society, as expatriates are wont to do\\...instead, they fly into carefully controlled rages, which at times seem highly unrealistic.\\\"","parent_id":"7613b230d66199e7624a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"573d9c1f69a30bd67769:0","document_content":"# Less Than Zero (novel)\n***Less Than Zero*** is the debut novel of Bret Easton Ellis, published in 1985. It was his first published effort, released when he was 21 years old and still a student at Bennington College. The novel was titled after the Elvis Costello song of the same name.\nThe novel follows the life of Clay, a rich, young college student who has returned to his hometown of Los Angeles, California for winter break circa 1984. Through first-person narration, Clay describes his progressive alienation from the culture around him, loss of faith in his friends, and his meditations on events in his recent past.\nAfter reuniting with his ex-girlfriend Blair, and friends like Trent, now a successful model, Clay embarks on a series of drug-fueled nights of partying, during which he has one-night stands with both sexes. While partying, he tries to track down his best friend from high school, Julian, with whom he hasn\\'t spoken in months. In between descriptions of his days and nights, Clay recounts a vacation spent with his parents and grandparents, during which he seemed to be the only person concerned that his grandmother was dying of cancer.\nOver time, Clay becomes progressively disillusioned with the party scene as he witnesses the apathy of his friends towards the suffering of one another and those around them: at one party, he watches as the revellers joke and take Polaroids of his friend, Muriel, while she injects heroin; at another, he and Blair are the only two who exhibit revulsion when Trent shows a snuff film, which sexually excites several partygoers.\nClay ultimately tracks down Julian, who borrows a large sum of money from Clay. At first, Julian says that the money is for an abortion, but Clay doesn\\'t believe him. Later, when Clay asks Julian to pay him back, Julian brings him to meet his abusive pimp, Finn. It is revealed that Julian has become a heroin addict and turned to prostitution in order to pay off a debt to unnamed drug dealers. Believing what he has been told, yet still feeling an empty desire to witness this awful scene for himself, Clay accompanies Julian to a rendezvous in a hotel room with a married closeted businessman from Indiana, where he is compelled by the john to watch the man and Julian have sex for several hours.","parent_id":"573d9c1f69a30bd67769","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"573d9c1f69a30bd67769:1","document_content":"# Less Than Zero (novel)\nAfter attending a concert with his friends, Clay accompanies them to an alleyway, where they stare, fascinated, at the corpse of a young man, presumably dead by overdose. Afterward, Clay follows the group back to the home of his drug dealer, Rip, who wants to show off his latest acquisition: a sex slave whom Rip has been keeping drugged in his bedroom. When Clay tells Rip, \\\"I don\\'t think it\\'s right,\\\" Rip says, \\\"What\\'s right?\\\" Clay leaves, but Trent decides to stay so that he can participate.\nNow feeling completely isolated and with winter break coming to an end, Clay reflects on the brutal nature of his surroundings as he returns to college in New Hampshire.\nEllis began work on what would become *Less Than Zero* in 1980. He cites his major influences as Joan Didion and Los Angeles noir, but he was also inspired by the moral ambiguity of *American Gigolo*.\n*Less Than Zero* was to become Ellis\\' first attempt at a proper novel, following much roman \u00e0 clef juvenilia. Its first draft was incredibly emotional and overwrought, and in the third-person. Ellis\\'s creative writing teacher, novelist Joe McGinniss, advised that he return to the first-person style of roman \u00e0 clef (which Ellis was hesitant to do) and Ellis stripped it back, from there evoking the minimalist style for which it became famous.\nIn the former child actor Danny Bonaduce\\'s 2002 autobiography, *Random Acts of Badness*, Bonaduce notes the striking similarity between the fictional high school in *Less Than Zero* and The Buckley School in Sherman Oaks, California, where Bonaduce, recording artist Michael Jackson, film actor Christian Brando, and other children of wealth and celebrity went to school together. In commenting on the novel, Bonaduce notes, \\\"When the book *Less Than Zero* came out, all my classmates were pissed. Not because it was an exact portrayal of our school\u00a0-- but because we failed to get any royalties.\\\"\n*Less Than Zero* has an extensive cast of characters; the ones listed play major roles throughout the novel.","parent_id":"573d9c1f69a30bd67769","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"573d9c1f69a30bd67769:2","document_content":"# Less Than Zero (novel)\nClay\n:   The 18-year-old protagonist, a student at Camden College in New Hampshire, who comes home to Los Angeles for Christmas and meets his old friends. He revives his old life: parties, concerts, drugs, sex, the city. Clay has brief affairs (a male USC student named Griffin (pp.\u00a035--39), and an unnamed female character (pp.\u00a0120--122)), but he goes through periods of apathy and longing for his girlfriend Blair.\n\nBlair\n:   Clay\\'s girlfriend who is studying at USC. Clay is unsure how he feels about her; neither has he been faithful to her. They vacation together and though at first they enjoy the experience, it eventually becomes tedious and ends on a sour note.\n\nJulian Wells\n:   Clay\\'s friend from grade school and high school. Julian is often described as \\\"thin\\\" and many of Clay\\'s friends declare him \\\"completely fucked up\\\". Julian has become a heroin addict and a prostitute.\n\nTrent Burroughs\n:   Another of Clay\\'s friends, a model who attends UCLA. He says things that Clay doesn\\'t understand and Clay gradually becomes disenchanted with him. Trent is shown as increasingly unethical and immoral, raping a drugged twelve-year-old girl in his penultimate scene.\n\nRip Millar\n:   Clay\\'s dealer. Sporting a fedora and a penthouse on Wilshire Boulevard, Rip is also a DJ, but feels his trust fund \\\"might never run out.\\\" At the end of the story, he shows Clay and other boys a 12-year-old girl naked, drugged and tied to his bed to be a sex slave. When a distressed Clay questions Rip as to why he has done this, Rip replies \\\"Why not? What the hell?\\\"\n\nDaniel Carter\n:   Daniel is another student who attends Camden and is from Los Angeles. Many of the characters think he\\'s gay. In his earlier appearances, he was worried he had gotten a girl from Camden, Vanden, pregnant, but then doesn\\'t seem to care. In his final appearance, he tells Clay he won\\'t return to Camden, opting instead to stay in LA and write a screenplay. (Vanden, who isn\\'t seen in the book, later appears in *American Psycho* as well as *The Rules of Attraction*, in which she and Clay are briefly \\\"involved\\\".)\n\nThe Handsome Dunce\n:   A minor character who has a cameo speaking to Clay at Blair\\'s Christmas party. He goes on to appear in *The Rules of Attraction*, where it is revealed that he goes to Camden College and that his name is Steve.\n\nKim\n:   One of Blair\\'s friends. During the course of the book she\\'s never sure where her film producer mother is and only knows what she reads in trade papers. At one point in the novel, she and Clay both agitate each other notably when they repeatedly question each other, \\\"What do you do?\\\", \\\"What do you do?\\\", this ending with Kim finally replying, \\\"Don\\'t ask me because\\...I don\\'t know.\\\"\n\nAlana\n:   Another one of Blair\\'s friends. She has an abortion and comes to Clay afterwards. Clay lets her stay in his room for the night while he lies by the pool until dawn. When he goes back up, she informs him she has bled a lot and feels weak before thanking him. When he asks \\\"what for?\\\" she says \\\"I don\\'t know\\\" and leaves. When Clay flushes his toilet, it becomes clogged up with tissue and blood clouds the water. Clay puts the lid down as \\\"there\\'s nothing else for me to do\\\".\n\nMuriel\n:   An anorexic girl who Clay visits at a rehabilitation center. She appears a few times in the novel, most notably at a New Year\\'s party where she shoots heroin publicly while laughing and crying.\n\nFinn Delaney\n:   Julian\\'s pimp, who \\\"helps\\\" him pay off his drug debt. In public, he acts kindly towards Julian, calling him \\\"Julie\\\" and \\\"his best boy\\\" and often showing him off to his clients, but in private he abuses Julian emotionally and sexually and forces him to shoot up heroin.\n\nClay\\'s family\n:   Clay has two sisters, aged 13 and 15, although his narration suggests he cannot distinguish between them and is unsure of their age. His parents are separated; his mother occupies their house while his father lives in an apartment. His mom has no job but nonetheless lives a life of luxury off of her ex-husband\\'s large alimony payments, and his dad is \\\"in the film business\\\", with an office in Century City. In flashbacks, Clay talks about his grandfather, proprietor of several hotels, and his grandmother, now deceased.","parent_id":"573d9c1f69a30bd67769","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"573d9c1f69a30bd67769:3","document_content":"# Less Than Zero (novel)\nThe book *Less Than Zero* was very loosely adapted into a movie in 1987 by 20th Century Fox in title only. It starred Andrew McCarthy as Clay, Robert Downey Jr.\u00a0as Julian, Jami Gertz as Blair, and James Spader as Rip. A then-unknown Brad Pitt also appeared as an extra. In the film, Clay is an anti-drug crusader who returns home from college to try to rescue his friends from their various narcotics addictions.\nDue to all the liberties taken, Ellis refused to see the movie. In an interview, Ellis stated that he has warmed up to the movie, and appreciates it visually as a snapshot of a particular time. Ellis claimed that there was no connection between the book and the movie, except for the title, the location of Southern California and the names of the characters.\nA long-running rumor in the film industry is that Quentin Tarantino has been interested in filming a new version of *Less Than Zero.* His workmate Roger Avary adapted *The Rules of Attraction,* (also based on a novel by Ellis) in 2002, and since both he and Tarantino like the works by Ellis, Tarantino has been eyeing the possibility of adapting *Less Than Zero.* Ellis stated in an interview for *Vice* Magazine that Quentin Tarantino has been \\\"trying to get Fox to let him remake it.\\\" At a Q & A at Harvard Book Store in 2012 Ellis stated in a reply to a question of whether *Less Than Zero* will be remade that Tarantino \\\"has shown interest\\\" in adapting the story. This Q & A filmed by WGBH Forum Network is called *Bret Easton Ellis: Imperial Bedrooms* and can be seen on YouTube.\nOn July 31, 2018, it was announced that Hulu had ordered a pilot for the series. Bret Easton Ellis was set to executive produce alongside Craig Wright, who was also the series developer, and Brett Morgan was set to direct the pilot. However, Hulu chose not to produce a series based on the pilot.\nEllis announced in 2005 that he would be writing a sequel to *Less Than Zero*: a story following the same characters, set in the present day, that focuses on their lives as they approach middle age.","parent_id":"573d9c1f69a30bd67769","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"573d9c1f69a30bd67769:4","document_content":"# Less Than Zero (novel)\nIn January 2008, Ellis announced that his forthcoming novel *Imperial Bedrooms* would be the sequel to *Less Than Zero*. In keeping with the original, the title is taken from the title of an Elvis Costello record (both a 1982 album and song). The book was published in 2010.\nThe author stated:\nUpon the release of *Imperial Bedrooms*, *Details* commented on *Less Than Zero* and its original reviews, stating: \\\"Years ago people could have read some of your books and said, \\\"Oh, this is just nihilism. These people don\\'t exist! There\\'s nobody that rich and stupid and narcissistic!\\\"\\\". (The article states, \\\"When Michiko Kakutani first reviewed Less Than Zero in *The New York Times* in June of 1985, she began the review this way: \\\"This is one of the most disturbing novels I\\'ve read in a long time.\\\"\\\") Ellis remarks \\\"surprise!\\\". They also credit him with \\\"In a way, inventing Paris Hilton and Spencer Pratt and the Kardashians.\\\"","parent_id":"573d9c1f69a30bd67769","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f:0","document_content":"# Tropic of Cancer (novel)\n***Tropic of Cancer*** is a novel by Henry Miller that has been described as \\\"notorious for its candid sexuality\\\" and as responsible for the \\\"free speech that we now take for granted in literature.\\\" It was first published in 1934 by the Obelisk Press in Paris, France, but this edition was banned in the United States. Its publication in 1961 in the U.S. by Grove Press led to obscenity trials that tested American laws on pornography in the early 1960s. In 1964, the U.S. Supreme Court declared the book non-obscene. It is regarded as an important work of 20th-century literature.\nMiller wrote the book between 1930 and 1934 during his \\\"nomadic life\\\" in Paris. The fictional Villa Borghese was actually 18 Villa Seurat in Paris\\' 14th arrondissement. As Miller discloses in the text of the book, he first intended to title it \\\"Crazy Cock\\\". Miller gave the following explanation of why the book\\'s title was *Tropic of Cancer*: \\\"It was because to me cancer symbolizes the disease of civilization, the endpoint of the wrong path, the necessity to change course radically, to start completely over from scratch.\\\"\nAna\u00efs Nin helped to edit the book. In 1934, Jack Kahane\\'s Obelisk Press published the book with financial backing from Nin, who had borrowed the money from Otto Rank.\nIn the 1961 edition, opposite the novel\\'s title page is a quotation from Ralph Waldo Emerson:\nThese novels will give way, by and by, to diaries or autobiographies---captivating books, if only a man knew how to choose among what he calls his experiences that which is really his experience, and how to record truth truly.\nThe 1961 edition includes an introduction by Karl Shapiro written in 1960 and titled \\\"The Greatest Living Author\\\". The first three sentences are:\nI call Henry Miller the greatest living author because I think he is. I do not call him a poet because he has never written a poem; he even dislikes poetry, I think. But everything he has written is a poem in the best as well as in the broadest sense of the word.\nFollowing the introduction is a preface written by Nin in 1934, which begins as follows:","parent_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f:1","document_content":"# Tropic of Cancer (novel)\nHere is a book which, if such a thing were possible, might restore our appetite for the fundamental realities. The predominant note will seem one of bitterness, and bitterness there is, to the full. But there is also a wild extravagance, a mad gaiety, a verve, a gusto, at times almost a delirium.\nSet in France (primarily Paris) during the late 1920s and early 1930s, *Tropic of Cancer* centers on Miller\\'s life as a struggling writer. Late in the novel, Miller explains his artistic approach to writing the book itself, stating:\nUp to the present, my idea of collaborating with myself has been to get off the gold standard of literature. My idea briefly has been to present a resurrection of the emotions, to depict the conduct of a human being in the stratosphere of ideas, that is, in the grip of delirium.\nCombining autobiography and fiction, some chapters follow a narrative of some kind and refer to Miller\\'s actual friends, colleagues, and workplaces; others are written as stream-of-consciousness reflections that are occasionally epiphanic. The novel is written in the first person, as are many of Miller\\'s other novels, and does not have a linear organization, but rather fluctuates frequently between the past and present.\nThe book largely functions as an immersive meditation on the human condition. As a struggling writer, Miller describes his experience living among a community of bohemians in Paris, where he intermittently suffers from hunger, homelessness, squalor, loneliness, and despair over his recent separation from his wife. Describing his perception of Paris during this time, Miller wrote:","parent_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f:2","document_content":"# Tropic of Cancer (novel)\nOne can live in Paris---I discovered that!---on just grief and anguish. A bitter nourishment---perhaps the best there is for certain people. At any rate, I had not yet come to the end of my rope. I was only flirting with disaster. \\... I understood then why it is that Paris attracts the tortured, the hallucinated, the great maniacs of love. I understood why it is that here, at the very hub of the wheel, one can embrace the most fantastic, the most impossible theories, without finding them in the least strange; it is here that one reads again the books of his youth and the enigmas take on new meanings, one for every white hair. One walks the streets knowing that he is mad, possessed, because it is only too obvious that these cold, indifferent faces are the visages of one\\'s keepers. Here all boundaries fade away and the world reveals itself for the mad slaughterhouse that it is. The treadmill stretches away to infinitude, the hatches are closed down tight, logic runs rampant, with bloody cleaver flashing.\nThere are many passages explicitly describing the narrator\\'s sexual encounters. In 1978, literary scholar Donald Gutierrez argued that the sexual comedy in the book was \\\"undeniably low\\... but with a stronger visceral appeal than high comedy\\\". The characters are caricatures, and the male characters \\\"stumble through the mazes of their conceptions of woman\\\".\nMichael Hardin made the case for the theme of homophobia in the novel. He proposed that the novel contained a \\\"deeply repressed homoerotic desire that periodically surfaces\\\".\nMusic and dance are other recurrent themes in the book. Music is used \\\"as a sign of the flagging vitality Miller everywhere rejects\\\". References to dancing include a comparison of loving Mona to a \\\"dance of death\\\", and a call for the reader to join in \\\"a last expiring dance\\\" even though \\\"we are doomed\\\".\nOther than the first-person narrator \\\"Henry Miller\\\", the major characters include:","parent_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f:3","document_content":"# Tropic of Cancer (novel)\nBoris: A friend who rents rooms at the Villa Borghese. The character was modeled after Michael Fraenkel, a writer who \\\"had sheltered Miller during his hobo days\\\" in 1930.\\\nCarl: A writer friend who complains about optimistic people, about Paris, and about writing. Miller helps Carl write love letters to \\\"the rich cunt, Irene\\\", and Carl relates his encounter with her to Miller. Carl lives in squalor and has sex with a minor. The inspiration for Carl was Miller\\'s friend Alfred Perl\u00e8s, a writer.\\\nCollins: A sailor who befriends Fillmore and Miller. As Collins had fallen in love with a boy in the past, his undressing a sick Miller to put him to bed has been interpreted as evidence of a homoerotic desire for Miller.\\\nFillmore: A \\\"young man in the diplomatic service\\\" who becomes friends with Miller. He invites Miller to stay with him; later the Russian \\\"princess\\\" Macha with \\\"the clap\\\" joins them. Fillmore and Miller disrupt a mass while hung over. Toward the end of the book, Fillmore promises to marry a French woman named Ginette who is pregnant by him, but she is physically abusive and controlling, and Miller convinces Fillmore to leave Paris without her. Fillmore\\'s real-life counterpart was Richard Galen Osborn, a lawyer.\\\nMona: A character corresponding to Miller\\'s estranged second wife June Miller. Miller remembers Mona, who is now in America, nostalgically.\\\nTania: A woman married to Sylvester. The character was modeled after Bertha Schrank, who was married to Joseph Schrank. It may also be noted that during the writing of the novel, Miller also had a passionate affair with Anais Nin; by changing the \\\"T\\\" to an \\\"S\\\", one can make out Anais from Tania by rearranging the letters. It may also be noted that in one of Nin\\'s many passionate letters to Miller, she quotes his swoon found below. Tania has an affair with Miller, who fantasizes about her:","parent_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f:4","document_content":"# Tropic of Cancer (novel)\nO Tania, where now is that warm cunt of yours, those fat, heavy garters, those soft, bulging thighs? There is a bone in my prick six inches long. I will ream out every wrinkle in your cunt, Tania, big with seed. I will send you home to your Sylvester with an ache in your belly and your womb turned inside out. Your Sylvester! Yes, he knows how to build a fire, but I know how to inflame a cunt. I shoot hot bolts into you, Tania, I make your ovaries incandescent.\nVan Norden: A friend of Miller\\'s who is \\\"probably the most sexually corrupt man\\\" in the book, having a \\\"total lack of empathy with women\\\". Van Norden refers to women using terms such as \\\"my Georgia cunt\\\", \\\"fucking cunt\\\", \\\"rich cunt\\\", \\\"married cunts\\\", \\\"Danish cunt\\\", and \\\"foolish cunts\\\". Miller helps Van Norden move to a room in a hotel, where Van Norden brings women \\\"day in and out\\\". The character was based on Wambly Bald, a gossip columnist.\n\n### United States\nUpon the book\\'s publication in France in 1934, the United States Customs Service banned the book from being imported into the U.S. Frances Steloff sold copies of the novel smuggled from Paris during the 1930s at her Gotham Book Mart, which led to lawsuits. A copyright-infringing edition of the novel was published in New York City in 1940 by \\\"Medusa\\\" (Jacob Brussel); its last page claimed its place of publication to be Mexico. Brussel was eventually sent to jail for three years for the edition.","parent_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f:5","document_content":"# Tropic of Cancer (novel)\n### United States\nIn 1950, Ernest Besig, the director of the American Civil Liberties Union in San Francisco, attempted to import *Tropic of Cancer* along with Miller\\'s other novel, *Tropic of Capricorn*, to the United States. Customs detained the novels and Besig sued the government. Before the case went to trial, Besig requested a motion to admit 19 depositions from literary critics testifying to the \\\"literary value of the novels and to Miller\\'s stature as a serious writer\\\". The motion was denied by Judge Louis A. Goodman. The case went to trial with Goodman presiding. Goodman declared both novels obscene. Besig appealed the decision to the Ninth Circuit of Appeals, but the novels were once again declared \\\"obscene\\\" in a unanimous decision in *Besig v. United States*.\nIn 1961, when Grove Press legally published the book in the United States, over 60 obscenity lawsuits in over 21 states were brought against booksellers that sold it. The opinions of courts varied; for example, in his dissent from the majority holding that the book was not obscene, Pennsylvania Supreme Court Justice Michael Musmanno wrote *Cancer* is \\\"not a book. It is a cesspool, an open sewer, a pit of putrefaction, a slimy gathering of all that is rotten in the debris of human depravity.\\\"\nPublisher Barney Rosset hired lawyer Charles Rembar to help Rosset lead the \\\"effort to assist every bookseller prosecuted, regardless of whether there was a legal obligation to do so\\\". Rembar successfully argued two appeals cases, in Massachusetts and New Jersey, although the book continued to be judged obscene in New York and other states.\nIn 1964, the U.S. Supreme Court, in *Grove Press, Inc.\u00a0v. Gerstein*, cited *Jacobellis v. Ohio* (which was decided the same day) and overruled state court findings that *Tropic of Cancer* was obscene.\n\n### Other countries\nThe book was banned outside the U.S. as well:","parent_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f:6","document_content":"# Tropic of Cancer (novel)\n### Other countries\n- In Canada, it was on the list of books banned by customs as of 1938. The Royal Canadian Mounted Police seized copies of the book from bookstores and public libraries in the early 1960s. By 1964, attitudes toward the book had \\\"liberalized\\\".\n- Only smuggled copies of the book were available in the United Kingdom after its publication in 1934. Scotland Yard contemplated banning its publication in Britain in the 1960s, but decided against the ban because literary figures such as T. S. Eliot were ready to defend the book publicly.\n- In Australia the book was banned until the early 1970s when the Minister for Customs and Excise, Don Chipp, largely ended censorship of printed material in the country.\n- In Finland all printed copies of the Finnish versions of the book were confiscated by the state before the books were to be published in 1962. The book was not published there in Finnish until 1970, however the book was available in Swedish and English.\n\n### Individual reviewers\nIn 1935, H. L. Mencken read the 1934 Paris edition, and sent an encouraging note to Miller: \\\"I read *Tropic of Cancer* a month ago. It seems to me to be a really excellent piece of work, and I so reported to the person who sent it to me. Of this, more when we meet.\\\"\nGeorge Orwell reviewed *Tropic of Cancer* in *The New English Weekly* in 1935. Orwell focused on Miller\\'s descriptions of sexual encounters, which he deemed significant for their \\\"attempt to get at real facts\\\", and which he saw as a departure from dominant trends. Orwell argued that, although Miller concerns himself with uglier aspects of life, he is nonetheless not quite a pessimist, and seems to find that the contemplation of ugliness makes life more worthwhile rather than less. Concluding, he described *Tropic of Cancer* as \\\"a remarkable book\\\" and recommended it to \\\"anyone who can get hold of a copy\\\" Returning to the novel in the essay \\\"Inside the Whale\\\" (1940), George Orwell wrote the following:","parent_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f:7","document_content":"# Tropic of Cancer (novel)\n### Individual reviewers\nI earnestly counsel anyone who has not done so to read at least *Tropic of Cancer*. With a little ingenuity, or by paying a little over the published price, you can get hold of it, and even if parts of it disgust you, it will stick in your memory. \\... Here in my opinion is the only imaginative prose-writer of the slightest value who has appeared among the English-speaking races for some years past. Even if that is objected to as an overstatement, it will probably be admitted that Miller is a writer out of the ordinary, worth more than a single glance....\nSamuel Beckett hailed it as \\\"a momentous event in the history of modern writing\\\". Norman Mailer, in his 1976 book on Miller entitled *Genius and Lust*, called it \\\"one of the ten or twenty great novels of our century, a revolution in consciousness equal to *The Sun Also Rises*\\\".\nEdmund Wilson said of the novel:\nThe tone of the book is undoubtedly low; *The Tropic of Cancer*, in fact, from the point of view both of its happenings and of the language in which they are conveyed, is the lowest book of any real literary merit that I ever remember to have read\\... there is a strange amenity of temper and style which bathes the whole composition even when it is disgusting or tiresome.\nIn *Sexual Politics* (1970), Kate Millett wrote that Miller \\\"is a compendium of American sexual neuroses\\\", showing \\\"anxiety and contempt\\\" toward women in works such as *Tropic of Cancer*. In 1980, Anatole Broyard described *Tropic of Cancer* as \\\"Mr.\u00a0Miller\\'s first and best novel\\\", showing \\\"a flair for finding symbolism in unobtrusive places\\\" and having \\\"beautiful sentences\\\". Julian Symons wrote in 1993 that \\\"the shock effect of the novel has gone\\\", although \\\"it remains an extraordinary document\\\". A 2009 essay on the book by Ewan Morrison described it as a \\\"life-saver\\\" when he was \\\"wandering from drink to drink and bed to bed, dangerously close to total collapse\\\".","parent_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f:8","document_content":"# Tropic of Cancer (novel)\n### Appearances in lists of best books\nThe book has been included in a number of lists of best books, such as the following:\n- In July 1998, the Board of the Modern Library ranked *Tropic of Cancer* 50th on its list of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century.\n- In July 1998, students of the Radcliffe Publishing Course, at the request of the Modern Library editorial board, compiled their own list of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century, and the book was ranked 84th.\n- Between July 1998 and October 1998, an online reader poll by the Modern Library placed the novel 68th among the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century.\n- In a survey of librarians published in November 1998, the book was ranked 132nd in a list of 150 fiction books from the 20th century.\n- *Time* magazine included the novel in its list of the 100 best English-language novels from 1923 to 2005.\n- The novel was listed in the 2006 book *1001 Books You Must Read Before You Die*.\n- It was one of the \\\"1000 Novels Everyone Must Read\\\" in *The Guardian* in 2009.\n- It was included in the list \\\"The 75 Books Every Man Should Read\\\" (2011) in *Esquire*.\n\n### Influences on Miller\nCritics and Miller himself have claimed that Miller was influenced by the following in writing the novel:\n- Louis-Ferdinand C\u00e9line, especially *Journey to the End of the Night* (1932), his semi-autobiographical first novel featuring a \\\"comic, antiheroic character\\\". Nevertheless, George Orwell wrote \\\"Both books use unprintable words, both are in some sense autobiographical, but that is all.\\\"\n- Fyodor Dostoyevsky, especially his *Notes from Underground* (1864).\n- James Joyce. Nevertheless, Orwell felt that the novel did not resemble Joyce\\'s *Ulysses*.\n- Fran\u00e7ois Rabelais.\n- Henry David Thoreau.\n- Walt Whitman, who wrote in a similar style about common people. The poet is mentioned favorably in the novel several times, for example: \\\"In Whitman the whole American scene comes to life, her past and her future, her birth and her death. Whatever there is of value in America Whitman has expressed, and there is nothing more to be said.\\\"","parent_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f:9","document_content":"# Tropic of Cancer (novel)\n### Novel\\'s influence on other writers\n*Tropic of Cancer* \\\"has had a huge and indelible impact on both the American literary tradition and American society as a whole\\\". The novel influenced many writers, as exemplified by the following:\n- Lawrence Durrell\\'s 1938 novel *The Black Book* was described as \\\"celebrating the Henry Miller of *Tropic of Cancer* as his Durrell\\'s literary father\\\".\n- It has been claimed that the novel impressed the Beat Generation writers in the 1960s such as Jack Kerouac and William S. Burroughs.\n- Erica Jong wrote \\\"\\...when I was searching for the freedom to write the 1973 novel *Fear of Flying*, I picked up *Tropic of Cancer* and the sheer exuberance of the prose unlocked something in me.\\\" In turn, Miller praised *Fear of Flying* in 1974, comparing it to *Tropic of Cancer*.\nThe novel was adapted for a 1970 film *Tropic of Cancer* directed by Joseph Strick, and starring Rip Torn, James T. Callahan, and Ellen Burstyn. Miller was a \\\"technical consultant\\\" during the production of the movie; although he had reservations about the adaptation of the book, he praised the final movie. The film was rated X in the United States, which was later changed to an NC-17 rating.\nLiterature","parent_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f:10","document_content":"# Tropic of Cancer (novel)\n### Novel\\'s influence on other writers\n- In his 1948 autobiography, poet and writer Robert W. Service wrote a few comments about *Tropic of Cancer*, for example, \\\"Of course the book shocked me but I could not deny a strange flicker of genius in its wildest fights.\\\"\n- In chapter 2 of William Gaddis\\'s 1955 novel *The Recognitions*, set in Paris in the 1930s, an artist complains \\\"I\\'ve got to show these pictures, I\\'ve got to sell some of them, but how can I have people coming up there with him there? He\\'s dying. I can\\'t put him out on the street, dying like that . . . even in Paris\\\" (63-64), which echoes the scene in *Tropic of Cancer* where the artist Kruger tries to get the sick Miller out of his studio so that he can exhibit his pictures. \\\"People can\\'t look at pictures and statues with enthusiasm when a man is dying before their eyes\\\" (Grove ed., 195).\n- In his 1960 short story \\\"Entropy\\\", Thomas Pynchon begins with a quote from this novel.\n- In the 1965 novel *God Bless You, Mr.\u00a0Rosewater* by Kurt Vonnegut, Lila reads the book \\\"as though\\... it were *Heidi*\\\".\n- In the 1969 novel *The Seven Minutes* by Irving Wallace, the book and the trial are mentioned.\n- In the 1994 play *Pterodactyls* by Nicky Silver, the novel is mentioned by the character Emma: \\\"She reads poems by Emily Bront\u00e9 and I read chapters from *The Tropic of Cancer* by Henry Miller.\\\"\n- In Carl Hiaasen\\'s 1995 *Stormy Weather* a character quotes a line from the novel.\n- In the 1998 nonfiction book *Rocket Boys*, Quentin shows Sonny a copy of *Tropic of Cancer* and asks him \\\"You want to know about girls?\\\"\nMusic","parent_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f:11","document_content":"# Tropic of Cancer (novel)\n### Novel\\'s influence on other writers\n- Satirical songwriter and mathematics instructor Tom Lehrer stated that he intended to write a million-selling math book which he would call *Tropic of Calculus*.\n- The 1980s British band The Weather Prophets was named after a line in the opening paragraph of the novel: \\\"Boris has just given me a summary of his views. He is a weather prophet.\\\"\n- Frontman Henry Rollins of the hardcore punk band Black Flag was heavily affected by the book as well and frequently made references to it in his songs, often taking lyrics directly from Tropic of Cancer. He would also read passages of it to his audiences mid-show.\n- In the song \\\"Delirium of Disorder\\\" by punk band Bad Religion, the opening verse quotes the novel, \\\"Life is a sieve through which my anarchy strains resolving itself into words. Chaos is the score on which reality is written\\...\\\".\n- In the song \\\"Protest Song 68\\\" by Refused, the opening verse quotes the novel, \\\"To sing you must first open your mouth. You must have a pair of lungs\\...\\\"\n- In the song \\\"Ashes of American Flags\\\" by Wilco, one phrase from the lyrics is taken from the novel: \\\"A hole without a key.\\\"\n- In 2012, the American grindcore band Pig Destroyer used a passage from the book on tape, read by Larry King, as the introduction to their song The Bug on their album entitled Book Burner.\nFilm and television","parent_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f:12","document_content":"# Tropic of Cancer (novel)\n### Novel\\'s influence on other writers\n- In a 1962 episode of the TV series *Perry Mason* (\\\"The Case of the Bogus Books\\\"), a character tells another that \\\"*Tropic of Cancer* is not a medical book. Far from it.\\\"\n- In the 1985 film *After Hours,* the protagonist Paul is reading the book in a coffee shop when a Marcy comments on it from the table across, setting the events of the film in motion.\n- In the 1963 film, *Take Her, She\\'s Mine*, adapted from Phoebe and Henry Ephron\\'s play of the same name, Jimmy Stewart, as Mr.\u00a0Michaelson, reads the (soon to be banned by the mayor) book written by Henry Miller. Sandra Dee, Stewart\\'s daughter in the film, has organized a sit-in style protest against banning the book.\n- The novel is read and discussed in *After Hours*, a 1985 film by Martin Scorsese.\n- In the 1991 version of *Cape Fear*, also directed by Scorsese, the characters of Max Cady and Danielle Bowden discuss the book briefly.\n- In the 1991 *Seinfeld* episode \\\"The Library\\\", Jerry is accused of never returning a copy of the book to the public library after borrowing it many years before, during high school, in 1971. It is revealed that the book was stolen by the gym teacher while a gang of jocks were beating up on George. In the present day, the gym teacher still holds the library book, despite being homeless and insane.\n- In the 1990 movie *Henry & June* the first draft of the book is referenced and discussed by Henry and friends.\n- In the 2000 romantic comedy film *100 Girls*, the characters Dora and Matthew read an excerpt from *Tropic of Cancer* together: \\\"Your Sylvester! \\... After me you can take on stallions, bulls, rams, drakes, St.\u00a0Bernards.\\\"\n- At the beginning of the 2000 movie *Final Destination*, Clear (Ali Larter) is reading *Tropic of Cancer* upon arrival at the airport.\n- In the 2010 telenovela *\u00bfD\u00f3nde Est\u00e1 Elisa?* a copy of the book is found in Elisa\\'s locker at school.\n- In Season 2 of the television series *Ozark* Jonah reads an explicit excerpt of the book to Buddy.","parent_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f:13","document_content":"# Tropic of Cancer (novel)\n### Novel\\'s influence on other writers\nThe typescript of the book was auctioned for \\$165,000 in 1986. Yale University now owns the typescript, which was displayed to the public in 2001.\n- Censorship\n- *Henry and June* (1986 book)\n- *Henry & June* (1990 film)\n- \n- \n- \n- \n- \n- \n-","parent_id":"affdf03b8e09d682d00f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d:0","document_content":"# Tipping the Velvet\n***Tipping the Velvet*** (1998) is a historical novel by Sarah Waters; it is her debut novel. Set in England during the 1890s, it tells a coming of age story about a young woman named Nan who falls in love with a male impersonator, follows her to London, and finds various ways to support herself as she journeys through the city. The picaresque plot elements have prompted scholars and reviewers to compare it to similar British urban adventure stories written by Charles Dickens and Daniel Defoe.\nThe novel has pervasive lesbian themes, concentrating on eroticism and self-discovery. Waters was working on a PhD dissertation in English literature when she decided to write a story she would like to read. Employing her love for the variety of people and districts in London, she consciously chose an urban setting. As opposed to previous lesbian-themed fiction she had read where the characters escape an oppressive society to live apart from it, Waters chose characters who interact with their surroundings. She has acknowledged that the book imagines a lesbian presence and history in Victorian London where none was recorded. The main character\\'s experiences in the theatrical profession and her perpetual motion through the city allow her to make observations on social conditions while exploring the issues of gender, sexism, and class difference.\nAs Waters\\' debut novel, *Tipping the Velvet* was highly acclaimed and was chosen by *The New York Times* and *Library Journal* as one of the best books of 1998. Waters followed it with two other novels set in the Victorian era, both of which were also well received. Reviewers have offered the most praise for *Tipping the Velvet*s use of humour, adventure, and sexual explicitness. The novel was adapted into a somewhat controversial three-part series of the same name produced and broadcast by the BBC in 2002 and a stage play in 2015.\nThe Night Watch\\'\\', at a book signing in 2002","parent_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d:1","document_content":"# Tipping the Velvet\nWhen Sarah Waters was 19 years old, she joined a student house in Whitstable, Kent, sharing a bed and then falling in love with another young woman. They lived there for two winters in what became a six-year relationship. She recalled, \\\"It was cold, isolated, romantic and so intense---quite special.\\\" In 1995, Waters was at Queen Mary and Westfield College writing her PhD dissertation on gay and lesbian historical fiction from 1870 onward when she became interested in the Victorian era. While learning about the activism in socialism, women\\'s suffrage, and utopianism of the period, she was inspired to write a work of fiction of the kind that she would like to read. Specifically, Waters intended to write a story that focused on an urban setting, diverging from previous lesbian-themed books such as Isabel Miller\\'s *Patience and Sarah*, in which two women escape an oppressive home life to live together freely in the woods. She said to herself at the time, \\\"there\\'s so much more to lesbian history than that\\\".\nWaters was drawn to the Victorian era because of the (mis)understandings of what social norms existed during the period. As she stated, \\\"I find it a fascinating period because it feels very close to us, and yet in lots of ways it is utterly strange: many of the things we think we know about it are stereotypes, or simply wrong\\\". Considering herself part of gay and lesbian literary heritage, Waters was influenced by Oscar Wilde, and Chris Hunt, who wrote *Street Lavender*, an historical novel with gay male themes also set in the Victorian era. She has stated that *Tipping the Velvet* is a female version of *Street Lavender*, with a plot similar to *My Secret Life* by \\\"Walter\\\".","parent_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d:2","document_content":"# Tipping the Velvet\nWaters pitched *Tipping the Velvet* to ten British publishers, but after they all rejected it, she began considering American publishing houses. Although she was picked up quickly by a literary agency, the agent spent almost a year trying to sell the book to a mainstream publisher. By the time *Tipping the Velvet* was accepted by Virago Press---one of the ten that had previously passed on the project---Waters had already begun work on her second novel.\nNancy \\\"Nan\\\" Astley is a sheltered 18-year-old living with her working-class family and helping in their oyster restaurant in Whitstable, Kent. She becomes instantly and desperately enamoured with a \\\"masher\\\", or male impersonator, named Kitty Butler, who performs for a season at the local theatre. They begin a friendship that grows when, after Kitty finds an opportunity to perform in London for better exposure, she asks Nan to join her. Nan enthusiastically agrees and leaves her family to act as Kitty\\'s dresser while she performs. Although Kitty and Nan acknowledge their relationship to be sisterly, Nan continues to love Kitty until a jealous fight forces Kitty to admit she feels the same, although she insists that they keep their relationship secret. Simultaneously, Kitty\\'s manager Walter decides that Kitty needs a performing partner to reach true success, and suggests Nan for the role. Nan is initially horrified by the idea, but takes to it. The duo become quite famous until Nan realises she is homesick after being gone from her family for more than a year. Her return home is underwhelming, so she returns to London early to find Kitty in bed with Walter. They announce that the act is finished and they are to be married.","parent_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d:3","document_content":"# Tipping the Velvet\nAstonished and deeply bruised by the discovery, Nan wanders the streets of London, finally holing herself in a filthy boarding house for weeks in a state of madness until her funds run out. After spying the male costumes she took as her only memory of her time with Kitty, Nan begins to walk the streets of London as a man and easily passes. She is solicited by a man for sex and begins renting, but dressed only as a man for male clients, never letting them know she is a woman. She meets a socialist activist named Florence who lives near the boarding house, but before she can get to know her, Nan is hired by a wealthy widow with licentious tastes named Diana. Although realising---and initially enjoying---that she is an object to Diana and her friends, Nan stays with her for over a year as \\\"Neville\\\", dressed in the finest men\\'s clothes Diana can afford. The relationship erodes, however, and Diana throws Nan into the streets.\nNan stumbles through London trying to find Florence, whom she eventually does; Florence is now melancholy, however, with a child. Nan stays with Florence and her brother Ralph, working as their housekeeper. Nan and Florence grow closer during the year they live together, and Nan learns that the previous boarder with Florence and Ralph had a child and died shortly after giving birth. Florence was deeply in love with the boarder but her affections were not returned. During an outing to a women\\'s pub, Nan is recognised by former fans, to Florence\\'s astonishment, and Nan divulges her own spotty past to Florence. Cautiously, they begin a love affair. Putting her theatrical skills to use, Nan assists Ralph in preparing a speech at an upcoming socialist rally. At the event Nan jumps onstage to help Ralph when he falters, and is noticed once more by Kitty, who asks her to come back so they can continue their affair in secret. Realising how much shame Kitty continues to feel, how much of herself was compromised during their affair, and that her truest happiness is where she is now, Nan turns Kitty away and joins Florence.\n\n### Style\nThe story spans the London districts of Brixton, Smithfield, Leicester Square, St John\\'s Wood and Bethnal Green, shown here in a map from 1911.","parent_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d:4","document_content":"# Tipping the Velvet\n### Style\nThe greatest literary strengths in *Tipping the Velvet*, according to reviewers and literary scholars, are the vibrant portrayal of the districts and streets of London, and Waters\\' ability to create sympathetic and realistic characters. Her use of synaesthesia in lush descriptions particularly interested Harriet Malinowitz in *The Women\\'s Review of Books*. For example, Malinowitz cites the scene when Nan first meets Kitty, removing her glove to shake Kitty\\'s hand. Very much an oyster girl, Nan\\'s hands are covered with \\\"those rank sea-scents, of liquor and oyster-flesh, crab-meat and whelks, which had flavoured my fingers and those of my family for so many years we had ceased, entirely, to notice them\\\". Nan is mortified that she smells like a herring, but Kitty assuages her fears, kissing her hand and telling her she instead smells like a mermaid. Malinowitz includes this and other descriptions of sights, sounds, and smells in Victorian London as examples of elements that are \\\"breathlessly and wittily detailed\\\".\nAlthough Waters was born in Pembrokeshire, Wales, she considers herself a London writer because of her intense affection for the city, due in part to her immigration to it. Specifically, Waters is moved by walking through London and seeing remnants of many historical eras: \\\"It\\'s \\... almost like it\\'s peopled with ghosts---again, jostling up against each other or passing through each other. I find that very exciting\\\". Her love for the city is apparent to many reviewers. In the *Lesbian Review of Books* Donna Allegra writes, \\\"She summons the era\\'s attitudes and ambiance projecting them onto the screen of the reader\\'s mind with Dolby wrap-around sound such that you feel you\\'re vacationing on all points between Chelsea and the East End\\\".","parent_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d:5","document_content":"# Tipping the Velvet\n### Style\nMiranda Seymour in *The New York Times* remarks on the \\\"breathless passion\\\" of the narrator\\'s voice as being absolutely convincing, citing as an example Nancy\\'s statement to her sister at the start of the book about why she continues to visit Kitty Butler:\\... It\\'s like I never saw anything at all before. It\\'s like I am filling up, like a wine-glass when it\\'s filled with wine. I watch the acts before her and they are like nothing---they\\'re like dust. Then she walks on the stage and---she is so pretty; and her suit is so nice; and her voice is so sweet\\... She makes me want to smile and weep, at once\\... I never saw a girl like her before. I never knew that there were girls like her.\nDonna Allegra and Christina Patterson in *The Observer* also praise Nan as a passionate and captivating character. Patterson and Mel Steel in *The Independent* compare her resourcefulness to that of Moll Flanders. Of her three Victorian-set novels, Waters uses humour and \\\"an attractive lightness of touch\\\" most effectively in *Tipping the Velvet*, according to Paulina Palmer. Nan the narrator describes the irony of her \\\"curious gaslit career\\\" as a rent-boy only to end up---in Diana\\'s words---as her \\\"tart\\\". Waters had such fun writing the novel that she told Robert McCrum from *The Observer* in 2009 that if she had no obligations to meet stemming from her subsequent success as a writer that she would continue writing Nan\\'s story.\n\n### Genre\nWaters responded to the many comparisons of her books to Charles Dickens\\' by saying \\\"I\\'m not like Dickens\\... To write these faux Victorian novels is quite different.\\\"","parent_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d:6","document_content":"# Tipping the Velvet\n### Genre\nNan\\'s path through the plot indicates that *Tipping the Velvet* is part *Bildungsroman*, and her journeys through the streets of London invoke elements of a picaresque novel. Scholar Emily Jeremiah characterises the story as a *Bildungsroman*: a coming-of-age adventure but one that far surpasses a simple coming-out story. Stefania Ciocia in *Literary London* writes that the plot has classical elements of a fairy tale as it follows the main character\\'s growth and progression, and has a moral ending that includes a course of events where Nan forsakes three suitors for her---in this case---Princess Charming. Nan finds true love with Florence, who is a bit dowdy, somewhat stout, certainly not wealthy, and driven to improve the world; the least likely of all the characters. A review in *Publishers Weekly* states that the series of events leading to Nan finding love are \\\"unpredictable and moving\\\".\nNan\\'s experiences eventually reveal serious faults of the society she moves through, the primary element of a picaresque novel. For this and other reasons, Waters\\' books are frequently compared to stories by Charles Dickens; the reader follows Nan\\'s movement from sheltered naif to exuberant theatre performer to rent-boy to mistress to housewife then socialist orator, showing allegiance to none of these professions or ideals. Michael Upchurch in *The Seattle Times* writes that Nan\\'s inability or unwillingness to adhere to any profession or setting, remaining malleable until the end of the novel indicates she is her own worst enemy. Likewise, Marianne Brace in *The Independent* considers Nan selfish and unsympathetic.","parent_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d:7","document_content":"# Tipping the Velvet\n### Genre\nCiocia writes that with half the novel taking place in theatrical settings, Nan may be playing a role as character in her own life or a play on a stage set in a theatre or the streets of London. She starts as a spectator watching Kitty onstage, and later with Kitty, watching how men move and behave to improve their act. She becomes a performer, with Kitty, as a renter and again for the predatory Diana and her friends. Finally she takes the role of director as she assists and impels Ralph to perform his speech. At this point, she is able to reconcile her identity and the story ends. Waters consciously chose to create a complicated plot, and was impressed with Iris Murdoch\\'s claim that she herself had entire stories worked out well in advance of writing them, a method Waters used with *Tipping the Velvet*.\n\n### Sexuality\nSexuality and sexual identity is the most prevalent theme in the novel. The title is an obscure Victorian pornographic slang reference to cunnilingus. Nick Rennison in *Contemporary British Authors* characterises *Tipping the Velvet* as an \\\"unabashed and unapologetic celebration of lesbian eroticism and sexual diversity\\\". Donna Allegra writes with appreciation of how the existence of Waters\\' characters in a heterosexual existence forces an analysis of closeted positions. The sexism of the period puts a stranglehold on women, forcing readers to compare women in the Victorian era with present-day sexual attitudes. Nan never has difficulty accepting her love for Kitty Butler and other women; Kitty\\'s union with Walter, however, \\\"reeks of lesbophobia\\\", according to Allegra. Music halls could be rough in some areas, but Kitty is shown handling drunken and rowdy audiences with humour and grace. The only instance where she is overcome and flees the stage is when a drunken patron shouts a euphemism for a lesbian at her. This episode leads to the final scene of Part I when Nan stumbles upon Kitty and Walter in bed. Kitty does not display any pleasure in their union, but rather complacence tinged with shame. Allegra compares Kitty\\'s desire for normality overshadowing her desire for love with Nan to \\\"compulsory heterosexuality\u00a0\\... emblematic of and particular to lesbian existence\\\".","parent_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d:8","document_content":"# Tipping the Velvet\n### Sexuality\nScholar Paulina Palmer asserts that Waters, in *Tipping the Velvet* and her two following novels also set in the Victorian era---*Affinity* and *Fingersmith*---is establishing a literary tradition that has not existed: \\\"Women engaging in same-sex relationships in the Victorian era were on the whole invisible and we have little knowledge of their literary interests.\\\" Waters, however, acknowledges that accuracy about lesbian life in the Victorian era is not her primary goal: \\\"My purpose was not to be authentic, but to imagine a history that we can't really recover.\\\" Short bursts of lesbian-themed literary activity occurred in 1920s with authors such as Natalie Clifford Barney and Djuna Barnes. Another surge of activity published as lesbian pulp fiction occurred in the 1950s and early 1960s, during which several notable lesbian authors such as Ann Bannon and Valerie Taylor helped to establish lesbian literary identity. These fictions helped to inform readers about the lives and cultural landmarks of lesbians when very little information existed. Waters states that she is not on a deliberate crusade to write about lesbians, but that it is a reflection of what she knows: \\\"Lesbianism is at the top of the agenda for my books because it\\'s at the top of the agenda for my life. It would be bizarre not to write about it.\\\" In 2009, as she reflected on her reasons for writing *Tipping the Velvet* and *Fingersmith*, Waters said she was searching for her own identity as a lesbian writer.","parent_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d:9","document_content":"# Tipping the Velvet\n### Sexuality\nAmong Waters\\' Victorian-set novels, depictions of sexual encounters are also, according to Palmer, the most vivid in *Tipping the Velvet*. A review in *The Advocate* calls the book \\\"riotously sexy\\\", and *The Seattle Times* suggests the scene where Nan shows Kitty how to open and eat an oyster is evocative of *Tom Jones*. This follows a marked difference in recently written fiction by and for lesbians. Frank depictions of lesbian sexuality specifically penned by women have been quieted by censorship that equated lesbian sex with aberrant mental behaviour, or employed it as an erotic element controlled by, and for the benefit of, men. Lesbian literary scholar Bonnie Zimmerman writes, \\\"Lesbians have been reticent and uncomfortable about sexual writing in part because we wish to reject the patriarchal stereotype of the lesbian as a voracious sexual vampire who spends all her time in bed. It is safer to be a lesbian if sex is kept in the closet or under the covers. We don't wish to give the world another stick with which to beat us\\\".\n\n### Gender\nNan not only experiences a series of misadventures and lesbian relationships, but also shifts from female to male at the same time, giving the reader an opportunity to view London society from multiple perspectives. Gender masquerade and reaction to it permeates the novel. According to Harriet Malinowitz, Waters uses the symbolism of clothing such as skirts, pants, stays, braces, bonnets, ties, and chemises \\\"with the sort of metaphorical significance that Melville gives to whales\\\". Stefania Ciocia declares that in all of 19th-century English literature, the only type of character who was able to enjoy adventures native to the picaresque novel were males who acted as the observer or stroller, walking through the city from one district to the next. The single exception to this was Moll Flanders, a prostitute. Nancy Astley behaves as both, giving her the ability to offer her perceptions of London society as both a man and a woman.\nVesta Tilley, here in costume, was one of the most popular male impersonators of her time.","parent_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d:10","document_content":"# Tipping the Velvet\n### Gender\nMusic halls, where both Nan and Kitty are employed---and put on display---as male impersonators, allow about half the novel\\'s action and commentary on gender to take place, according to scholar Cheryl Wilson. When Nan puts on trousers for the first time to perform as Kitty\\'s partner and realises the impact of their double act together, she states, \\\"whatever successes I might achieve as a girl, they would be nothing compared to the triumphs I should enjoy clad, however girlishly, as a boy\\\". Male impersonation is common in the world of the novel, and some performers are quite popular. Only certain types of depictions of men, however, were acceptable in reality. Nan and Kitty pretend to be London \\\"swells\\\": gentlemen on the town who sing about their sweethearts. Wilson provides evidence that such depictions were supported by class divisions, as poorer music hall patrons enjoyed the fun poked at the upper class, and the upper class generally found it harmless enough to laugh at themselves. Mashers such as the famed Vesta Tilley capitalised on the fact that both men and women were able to laugh at common perceptions of femininity and masculinity.\nWriting in 1998 about a period more than 100 years before, Waters employs a continuity between the past and present, particularly as it relates to an outsider\\'s view of sexuality and gender. Diana bestows Nan with the finest gift she had ever received, an expensive watch that requires no winding. She has nowhere to be except at Diana\\'s beck and call, and never leaves Diana\\'s mansion without her. Emily Jeremiah uses this as an example of how *Tipping the Velvet* fits Judith Halberstam\\'s declaration that homosexual historiographies \\\"produce alternative temporalities\\\". Gay and lesbian stories do not use the same rites of passage that most mainstream stories do, leaving aside the importance of birth, marriage, reproduction, and death. This transcendence of time is evident in the narration of the novel. It is Nan\\'s first-person account of her own past, told many years later. When Nan divulges her past to Florence, Waters uses the first line of the novel to signify where she begins, cycling the story.","parent_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d:11","document_content":"# Tipping the Velvet\n### Gender\nEven the novel\\'s language bridges this divide. Waters often employs the word \\\"queer\\\" to describe the unusual or remarkable, instead of its post-1922 connotation to refer to homosexuality. She also uses the term specifically to highlight what is unusual as it applies to gender, or Nan\\'s own emotions toward Kitty. Nan\\'s father uses the symbol of the oyster, what he calls a \\\"real queer fish\\\" that exhibits both male and female characteristics, and compares it to Kitty who sits before them in feminine attire though they have seen her on stage dressed as a man. The landlady of the boarding house where Kitty and Nan are staying appraises Nan\\'s first male costume, and is troubled by the \\\"queerness\\\" of it because she looks too much like a man, instead of a woman pretending to be a man. Donna Allegra suggests that by using the contemporary term for prostitutes, \\\"gay girls\\\", Waters is winking at her readers.\n\n### Class\nStarting as a working-class girl and experiencing music halls, prostitution, luxury, and a socialist struggle for utopia, Nan\\'s journeys through the class system in *Tipping the Velvet* are as varied as her gender portrayals and love affairs. Aiobheann Sweeney in *The Washington Post* notes, \\\"like Dickens, Waters digs around in the poorhouses, prisons and asylums to come up with characters who not only court and curtsy but dramatise the unfairness of poverty and gender disparity in their time\\\".\nPaulina Palmer sees the reading material available in the various locations of Nan\\'s settings as symbols of the vast class differences in Victorian London. Specifically, Diana keeps a trunk full of pornographic literature which she and Nan read to each other in between sexual encounters. She is an extremely wealthy resident of the London neighbourhood St John\\'s Wood, and identifies as a Sapphist---a contemporary term for a lesbian. Nan uses the euphemism \\\"tom\\\" throughout the novel, particularly to refer to herself and other working class lesbians. Although \\\"tom\\\" was used as a Victorian reference to lesbianism, Waters admits it was probably not as prevalent as her characters suggest it was.","parent_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d:12","document_content":"# Tipping the Velvet\n### Class\nWaters includes a historical reference to the medical profession starting to acknowledge and identify female homosexuality in the 19th century when a friend of Diana\\'s named Dickie reads aloud during a party from a medical text describing the histories of several acknowledged lesbians, including Dickie\\'s own. One story discussed among the wealthy women at the party is about a young woman with a large clitoris, which they consider congenital in lower-class women. They attempt to prove their point with Diana\\'s maid Zena, but Nan prevents this humiliation, which precipitates her final rift with Diana. Using Dickie\\'s book to strike Nan across the face, Diana gives her a black eye and bloody cheek before throwing her out into the street with Zena. Nan goes to Florence\\'s house, which is filled with socialist literature. Although Diana is a supporter of women\\'s suffrage, she discourages Nan from reading such literature, confiscating any political material Nan picks up. In contrast, Nan feels hopelessly uninformed when Florence and her friends engage in heated political debates. She asks questions, but feels stupid about not knowing the answers. Florence introduces her to the writings of Walt Whitman, Eleanor Marx, and Edward Carpenter, which they sexualise by using as an introduction to intimacy.\n*Tipping the Velvet* was critically acclaimed upon its release and Waters\\' writing style highly praised. Harriet Malinowitz wrote that the story is an \\\"utterly captivating, high octane narrative\\\" and Mel Steel of *The Independent* wrote, \\\"Could this be a new genre? The bawdy lesbian picaresque novel? Whatever it is, take it with you. It\\'s gorgeous\\\". *Kirkus Reviews* also praised it, writing \\\"Waters\\' debut offers terrific entertainment: swiftly paced, crammed with colorful depictions of 1890s London and vividly sketched Dickensian supporting characters\\\", comparing the depiction of Nancy\\'s parents to the fishing community in *David Copperfield*, and adding that it \\\"pulsates with highly charged (and explicitly presented) erotic heat\\\". John Perry in *The San Francisco Chronicle* stated that it \\\"has the qualities of an extravagantly upholstered armchair. Tricked out in gaudy fabric and yards of fringe, it offers a sensual experience that leaves the reader marveling at the author\\'s craftsmanship, idiosyncrasy and sheer effort\\\". Perry did acknowledge, however, that modern optimism was probably the impetus driving Waters\\' vision of a lesbian past.","parent_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d:13","document_content":"# Tipping the Velvet\n### Class\nMiranda Seymour in *The New York Times* wrote that the (American) cover is troubling, curious, titillating, and distant at once: a \\\"clever preparation for the yearning opening pages\\\".\nChristina Patterson called Waters \\\"an extremely confident writer, combining precise, sensuous descriptions with irony and wit in a skilled, multi-layered pastiche of the lesbian historical romance\\\". Renee Graham\\'s review in *The Boston Globe* characterised the novel\\'s style as \\\"plush and inviting---delicious, even\\\". In *The New York Times*, Miranda Seymour drew attention to the scene when Nan dresses up as Hadrian\\'s lover, the page Antinous who was drowned in the Nile, for a masquerade benefiting Diana\\'s friends in a hedonistic bacchanalia that ends violently with Nan cast out of the house into the cold, highlighting it as a passage of \\\"startling power\\\". Although Seymour was disappointed with the ending, she wrote, \\\"If lesbian fiction is to reach a wider readership---as much, though far from all, of it deserves to do---Waters is just the person to carry the banner\\\".\nSeveral reviewers compared *Tipping the Velvet* to Jeanette Winterson\\'s *Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit* for a similar story of a woman\\'s sexual awakening. Waters credits Winterson as an influence in lesbian writing, but states that the books are quite different and her writing is not like Winterson\\'s at all. Waters suggests that reviewers have bracketed them together because Winterson was the only other lesbian author they could recall.\nThe popularity of her first novel cast a standard for *Affinity* to follow, which Waters consciously made darker, set in a women\\'s prison with a character who connects with spirits of the dead. Waters found it daunting to follow the success of *Tipping the Velvet* and reviewers marked the differences in the main characters: where Nan adventurously seeks out and states her desires, Margaret in *Affinity* is compelled by desire, but internally struggles with it.","parent_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d:14","document_content":"# Tipping the Velvet\n### Class\n*Tipping the Velvet* won the Lambda Literary Award for lesbian fiction in 2000, and the Betty Trask Award, given to Commonwealth citizens who have produced their first novel before reaching the age of 35. *The Library Journal* chose it as one of their Best Books of the Year for 1999, and *The New York Times* included it on its list of Notable Books of the Year.\n\n### Television\n*Tipping the Velvet* was adapted into a BBC television drama serial of the same name, originally screened in three episodes on BBC Two in 2002. It was produced for the BBC by the independent production company Sally Head Productions, and starred Rachael Stirling as Nan, Keeley Hawes as Kitty, Anna Chancellor as Diana, and Jodhi May as Florence. The BBC had previously adapted *Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit* in 1990 and some other scenes in dramas to follow, but none had been so explicit. Sally Head Productions defended the decision to air the entire program uncut. Waters was quite surprised that the BBC chose to produce and broadcast a television adaptation that faithfully followed the relish and detail of sexual escapades in the book. Stirling thoroughly enjoyed the role, despite her avowed heterosexuality: \\\"To counteract any hard-core sex within it, there\\'s a huge sense of humour and a huge sense of fun and frivolity and joy of life. It was so utterly believable that you never for a moment thought, Fuck, there\\'s no reason why I\\'m standing here naked.\\\"\nScreenwriter Andrew Davies said he was attracted to the story because it featured a girl transitioning into womanhood and it included his interests in Victorian erotica; he compared it to *Pride and Prejudice*---for which he wrote the BBC screenplay---\\\"with dirty bits\\\". Both Waters and Davies were concerned about the use of dildos in scenes with Diana, but the BBC allowed it.","parent_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d:15","document_content":"# Tipping the Velvet\n### Television\nWaters especially appreciated the way Davies interpreted Kitty\\'s ambivalence about being in love with Nan. He wrote the line for her, \\\"I hate the way you make me feel\\\", which according to Waters crystallises Kitty\\'s complicated emotions well. The music in the adaptation was written for the film. Waters wrote song titles but not lyrics in the music references in the novel. For one song, during Kitty and Nan\\'s first performance in the adaptation, Davies wrote a composition that had Kitty show Nan---dressed and performing as brothers---how to pick up girls in the park. It involved Kitty teaching Nan how to kiss, which they do onstage in front of audiences who are watching women, dressed as men, who are in reality having an affair with each other beyond the view of the audience. Waters wrote a similar description as Nan compares their act to their relationship; their sexual encounters to their performance onstage, noting the irony that Kitty insisted on absolute secrecy yet there they performed in front of thousands: \\\"*You are too slow---you go too fast---not there, but here---that\\'s good---that\\'s better!* It was as if we walked before the crimson curtain, lay down upon the boards and kissed and fondled---and were clapped, and cheered, and paid for it!\\\"\nA persistent rumour claims a film adaptation of *Tipping the Velvet* will be directed by Sofia Coppola, starring Beyonc\u00e9 Knowles and Eva Longoria. However, Longoria insists that everything about the rumour is false, right down to quotes cited to her and Knowles. Knowles also wonders where the false quotes and story originate from.\nIn 2009, UK playwright Amanda Whittington wrote a stage adaptation of *Tipping the Velvet*. It was showcased by Guildhall School of Music and Drama at The Bridewell Theatre, London, in October 2009. Directed by Katharine Rogers, the production featured original music hall songs and was praised for its authentic interpretation of the novel.","parent_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d:16","document_content":"# Tipping the Velvet\n### Stage\nOn 14 April 2015, it was announced the play would receive its world premiere the same year and would begin previews at the Lyric Hammersmith on 18 September 2015, with an official opening night on 28 September, booking for a limited period until 24 October. Following its premiere production the play transferred to the Royal Lyceum Theatre, Edinburgh, as part of the 50th anniversary season of the Royal Lyceum Theatre company, where it ran from 28 October to 14 November 2015.\n*Tipping the Velvet* has been adapted for the stage by Laura Wade and is directed by Lyndsey Turner, with choreography by Alistair David, design by Lizzie Clachan, lighting design by Jon Clark, music by Michael Bruce and sound by Nick Manning.\n- References in *Tipping the Velvet* correspond to: Waters, Sarah (1 May 2000). *Tipping the Velvet: A Novel*: New York City: Riverhead Trade.","parent_id":"10cb34ff67c3d95a100d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a2fcb5b5c0f925b44d0a:0","document_content":"# Mardi\n***Mardi: and a Voyage Thither*** is the third book by American writer Herman Melville, first published in London in 1849. Beginning as a travelogue in the vein of the author\\'s two previous efforts, the adventure story gives way to a romance story, which in its turn gives way to a philosophical quest.\n*Mardi* is Melville\\'s first purely fictional work. Although Melville and his publishers presented his first two books, *Typee* and *Omoo*, as nonfiction, enough critics were able to identify plagiarism in them (especially *Typee*) from other works, both fiction and nonfiction, that their veracity and Melville\\'s integrity were always points of contention. As a preface to *Mardi*, Melville wrote somewhat ironically that his first two books were nonfiction but disbelieved; by the same pattern he hoped the fiction book would be accepted as fact.\nMuch as did *Typee* and *Omoo*, *Mardi* details the travels of an American sailor who abandons a whaling vessel to explore the South Pacific. Unlike the first two books, however, *Mardi* is highly philosophical and said to be the first work to show Melville\\'s true potential. Although not as cohesive or lengthy as *Moby-Dick*, it is much longer than *Typee* and *Omoo* and has much more in common stylistically and thematically with *Moby-Dick* and other works of his maturity.","parent_id":"a2fcb5b5c0f925b44d0a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a2fcb5b5c0f925b44d0a:1","document_content":"# Mardi\nThe tale begins as a fairly simple escape and survival narrative. It briefly becomes romance when the narrator falls in love with a mysterious woman he has questionably rescued from a difficult situation. After the woman mysteriously disappears, the novel presumably becomes a quest for her among the innumerable isles of the newly \\\"discovered\\\" archipelago of Mardi, isles with many different symbolic and allegorical meanings. As the main characters continue their search for the woman, the novel switches again, now focusing on more than travelogue-style reporting of the sights, sounds, tastes, and smells to be experienced in Mardi. The social conventions, political structures, religious practices, odd histories, and other aspects of each isle and its inhabitants spark philosophical discourses between four main characters, with two previously main characters no longer in the story and the narrator receding so far into the background that he does not even participate in the philosophical discussions. The quest for the woman continues but is barely mentioned, serving at least to get the main characters traveling through Mardi faster.\n\n### Influence of Rabelais and Swift\nThe voyage from island to island echoes Rabelais\\'s Gargantua and Pantagruel, especially the last two books. According to scholar Newton Arvin,\n\n:   The praise of eating and drinking is highly Rabelaisian in intention, and so in general is all the satire on bigotry, dogmatism, and pedantry. Taji and his friends wandering about on the island of Maramma, which stands for ecclesiastical tyranny and dogmatism, are bound to recall Pantagruel and his companions wandering among the superstitious inhabitants of Papimany; and the pedantic, pseudo-philosophy of Melville\\'s Doxodox is surely, for a reader of Rabelais, an echo of the style of Master Janotus de Bragmardo holding forth polysyllabically to Gargantua in Book I.\n\nArvin also recognizes the influence of *Gulliver\\'s Travels* by Jonathan Swift:\n\n:   \\... there is something very Swiftian in Melville\\'s Hooloomooloo, the Isle of Cripples, the inhabitants of which are all twisted and deformed, and whose shapeless king is horrified at the straight, strong figures of his visitors from over sea.","parent_id":"a2fcb5b5c0f925b44d0a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a2fcb5b5c0f925b44d0a:2","document_content":"# Mardi\n### Influence of Rabelais and Swift\nThe emotional center of the book, Arvin writes, is the relation between Taji and Yillah, the \\\"I\\\" and the mysterious blonde who disappears as suddenly as she appeared. Taji begins a quest for her throughout the islands without finding her. Though Arvin finds the allegory of Yillah \\\"too tenuous and too pretty to be anything but an artistic miscarriage\\\" in the poetic sense, he also finds it \\\"extremely revealing\\\" in connection with the whole Melville canon. Yillah, associated with the lily in the language of flowers, is \\\"an embodiment of the pure, innocent, essentially sexless happiness\\\", and Hautia, \\\"symbolized by the dahlia\\\", embodies \\\"the sensual, the carnal, the engrossingly sexual\\\". The middle portion of the book is taken up by \\\"a series of forays in social and political satire, and by quasi-metaphysical speculations\\\" that are, if at all, at best \\\"only loosely and uncertainly related to the quest for Yillah\\\". The only way to perceive any fabric holding the book together, Arvin feels, is by recognizing \\\"a certain congruity among the various more or less frustrated quests it dramatizes\\--the quest for an emotional security once possessed, the quest for a just and happy sociality once too easily assumed possible, and the quest for an absolute and transcendent Truth once imagined to exist and still longed for.\\\"\nFor Arvin, in *Mardi* Melville rejects not \\\"the profounder moralities of democracy\\\" so much as \\\"a cluster of delusions and inessentials\\\" that Americans have come to regard as somehow connected to the idea of democracy. Arvin recognizes three delusions to the cluster:\n- \\\"that political and social freedom is an ultimate good, however empty of content;\n- that equality should be a literal fact as well as a spiritual ideal;\n- that physical and moral evil are rapidly receding before the footsteps of Progress.\\\"","parent_id":"a2fcb5b5c0f925b44d0a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a2fcb5b5c0f925b44d0a:3","document_content":"# Mardi\n### Influence of Rabelais and Swift\nThe philosophical plot, Arvin believes, is furnished by the interaction between the intense longing for certainty, and the suspicion that on the great fundamental questions, \\\"final, last thoughts you mortals have none; nor can have.\\\" And even while one of the characters says, \\\"Faith is to the thoughtless, doubts to the thinker\\\", Arvin feels that Melville struggles to avoid a brutality of what Melville himself calls \\\"indiscriminate skepticism\\\", and he got closest to expressing \\\"his basic thought\\\" in Babbalanja\\'s speech in the dark: \\\"Be it enough for us to know that Oro\\\"---God\\--\\\"indubitably is. My lord! my lord! sick with the spectacle of the madness of men, and broken with spontaneous doubts, I sometimes see but two things in all Mardi to believe:\\--that I myself exist, and that I can most happily, or least miserably exist, by the practice of righteousness.\\\"\n\n### Contemporary reviews\n*Mardi* was a critical failure. One reviewer said the book contained \\\"ideas in so thick a haze that we are unable to perceive distinctly which is which\\\". Nevertheless, Nathaniel Parker Willis found the work \\\"exquisite\\\".\nNathaniel Hawthorne found *Mardi* a rich book \\\"with depths here and there that compel a man to swim for his life\\... so good that one scarcely pardons the writer for not having brooded long over it, so as to make it a great deal better.\\\"\nThe widespread disappointment of the critics hurt Melville yet he chose to view the book\\'s reception philosophically, as the requisite growing pains of any author with high literary ambitions. \\\"These attacks are matters of course, and are essential to the building up of any permanent reputation---if such would ever prove to be mine\\... But Time, which is the solver of all riddles, will solve *Mardi*.\\\"","parent_id":"a2fcb5b5c0f925b44d0a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a2fcb5b5c0f925b44d0a:4","document_content":"# Mardi\n### Later critical history\nIn the description of Arvin,\n\n:   \\... the thoughts and feelings he was attempting to express in Mardi were too disparate among themselves and often too incongruous with his South Sea imagery to be capable of fusion into a satisfying artistic whole. In the rush and press of creative excitement that swept upon him in these months, Melville was trying to compose three or four books simultaneously: he failed, in the strict sense, to compose even one. Mardi has several centers, and the result is not a balanced design. There is an emotional center, an intellectual center, a social and political center, and though they are by no means utterly unrelated to each other, they do not occupy the same point in space.\nGiordano Lahaderne has proposed that *Mardi* may have in part been influenced by the Book of Mormon (1830). The opening sequence of each is an \\\"Old Testament in reverse\\\" and *Mardi*\\'s second volume includes a discourse on \\\"an illustrious prophet, and teacher divine\\\" named Alma, a name shared by Alma, one of the major prophets and missionaries within the Book of Mormon.\n- Arvin, Newton (1950). *Herman Melville,* available for borrowing at the Internet Archive.","parent_id":"a2fcb5b5c0f925b44d0a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e5bc035eb5f158b4693c:0","document_content":"# Requiem for a Dream (novel)\n***Requiem for a Dream*** is a 1978 novel by American writer Hubert Selby Jr., that concerns four New Yorkers whose lives spiral out of control as they succumb to their addictions.\nThis story follows the lives of Sara Goldfarb, her son Harry, his girlfriend Marion Silver, and his best friend Tyrone C. Love, who are all searching for the key to their dreams in their own ways. In the process, they fall into devastating lives of addiction. Harry and Marion are in love and want to open their own business; their friend Tyrone wants to escape life in the ghetto. To achieve these dreams, they buy a large amount of heroin, planning to get rich by selling it.\nSara, Harry\\'s lonely widowed mother, dreams of being on television. When a phone call from a game show casting company gets her hopes up, she goes to a doctor, who gives her diet pills to lose weight. She spends the next few months on the pills, wanting desperately to look thin on TV and fit into a red dress from her younger days. However, the casting company does not notify her about the details of her show. She becomes addicted to the diet pills and eventually develops amphetamine psychosis after her life continues to go downhill. She eventually ends up in a mental institution, where she undergoes electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).\nHarry, Marion, and Tyrone become addicted to their own product. Eventually, when heroin becomes scarce, they turn on each other, slowly hiding the drugs they obtain from the other two members. On their way to Miami, Harry and Tyrone are arrested, convicted, and sentenced to jail. Harry\\'s arm has become infected from repeated injections, and has to be amputated. Left alone, Marion becomes a prostitute to support her addiction. In jail, Tyrone faces frequent abuse from the guards due to his race.\nThe novel was later adapted into a critically acclaimed eponymous film, released in 2000. The film was directed by Darren Aronofsky and stars Jared Leto, Jennifer Connelly, Marlon Wayans and Ellen Burstyn. Burstyn was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance as Sara.\n- Paperback -- , published in 2000 by Da Capo Press.","parent_id":"e5bc035eb5f158b4693c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7be684300912c977d5bb:0","document_content":"# Mizukagami\n`is\u00a0a\u00a0Japanese\u00a0`*`rekishi monogatari`*`.\u00a0It\u00a0is\u00a0believed\u00a0to\u00a0have\u00a0been\u00a0written\u00a0in\u00a0the\u00a0early\u00a0Kamakura\u00a0period\u00a0around\u00a01195.\u00a0\u00a0It\u00a0is\u00a0widely\u00a0credited\u00a0to\u00a0Nakayama\u00a0Tadachika\u00a0but\u00a0the\u00a0actual\u00a0writer\u00a0is\u00a0unknown.\u00a0\u00a0It\u00a0is\u00a0the\u00a0third\u00a0book\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0four\u00a0mirror\u00a0series.`\nIt deals with the oldest time-period, starting with the legendary Emperor Jimmu and ending with Emperor Ninmy\u014d. It is told by a fictitious old woman who is visited by a bhikkhu while staying at Hase-dera. All the facts are taken from ca. 1150 AD by K\u014den, the teacher of H\u014dnen.\nIn its modern framework Mizukagami refers to the reflective pool in Japanese gardens, in which can be seen such things as bridges and sakura (cherry blossoms) in its reflection.\n- *\u014ckagami*\n- *Imakagami*\n- *Masukagami*","parent_id":"7be684300912c977d5bb","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"318165ae803e9cc4908a:0","document_content":"# Tropic of Capricorn (novel)\n***Tropic of Capricorn*** is a semi-autobiographical novel by Henry Miller, first published by Obelisk Press in Paris in 1939. A prequel of sorts to Miller\\'s first published novel, 1934\\'s *Tropic of Cancer*, it was banned in the United States until a 1961 Justice Department ruling declared that its contents were not obscene.\n\n### Writing\nDuring a three-week vacation from Western Union in 1922, Miller wrote his first novel, *Clipped Wings*, a study of 12 Western Union messengers. It has never been published; only fragments remain, although parts of it were recycled in later works, including in the brief portraits of Western Union messengers in *Tropic of Capricorn*.\nIn the spring of 1927, Miller was living in the Brooklyn neighborhood of Brooklyn Heights with his second wife June Miller and her lover, Jean Kronski. He had recently obtained a new job working for the Parks Department. One day, he returned home to find a note saying they had taken a boat to Paris. Soon after, Miller moved back in with his parents in Brooklyn. One night in May 1927, Miller stayed at the Parks Department office after work and typed up a 32-page document he called *June*, outlining the details of their relationship. He would use the document as source material for *Tropic of Capricorn* as well as *The Rosy Crucifixion* trilogy. Miller would also repurpose numerous scenes into *Tropic of Capricorn* from his unpublished third novel *Lucky Lesbians* (later retitled *Crazy Cock*), which he worked on from 1928 to 1930 and which was ultimately published in 1991 (over a decade after his death).","parent_id":"318165ae803e9cc4908a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"318165ae803e9cc4908a:1","document_content":"# Tropic of Capricorn (novel)\n### Writing\nMiller began writing *Tropic of Capricorn* in earnest toward the end of 1933 while living in Paris. At the time, he was also writing *Black Spring*, and putting the finishing touches on *Tropic of Cancer*. Early on, he referred to *Tropic of Capricorn* as \\\"the June book.\\\" His biographer Robert Ferguson called the book Miller\\'s attempt at \\\"retrieving in written form as much as possible of the disappearing past.\\\" Although referred to as \\\"the June book,\\\" his second wife is more of an influence than a primary character, making only a short appearance. The book is dedicated \\\"To Her,\\\" in reference to June.\n\n### Publication\n*Tropic of Capricorn* was published in France, in English, by Obelisk Press in February 1939. A French translation appeared as *Tropique du Capricorne* in July 1946. Sales of the book, along with *Tropic of Cancer*, were boosted by the controversy surrounding their censorship, with complaints against Miller and his publisher on charges of pornography. In the 1940s and 1950s, Miller\\'s books were hard to find and expensive. The banned books were occasionally smuggled into the US, although they were often seized by Customs. In 1944, accompanied by his soon-to-be third wife Janina Martha Lepska, Miller read excerpts from *Tropic of Capricorn* and *Black Spring* at the Library of Congress in Washington, DC.","parent_id":"318165ae803e9cc4908a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"318165ae803e9cc4908a:2","document_content":"# Tropic of Capricorn (novel)\n### Publication\n*Tropic of Capricorn* was banned in the United States until a 1961 Justice Department ruling declared that its contents were not obscene. After Grove Press published the novel in the US in September 1962, Miller gained a new, younger generation of readers for his work, which coincided with the sexual revolution of the 1960s. He was seen by many as a champion of the new sexual freedom, and was endorsed by well-known literary figures of the time, including Allen Ginsberg, William S. Burroughs, and Jack Kerouac.\nThe novel covers Miller\\'s growing inability and outright refusal to accommodate what he sees as America\\'s hostile environment. It is autobiographical but not chronological, jumping between Miller\\'s adolescent adventures in Brooklyn in the 1900s, recollections of his first love Una Gifford, a love affair with his nearly-30-year-old piano teacher when he was 15, his unhappy marriage to his first wife Beatrice, his years working at Western Union (called The Cosmodemonic Telegraph Company in the book) in Manhattan in the 1920s, and his fateful meeting with his second wife June (known in the book as Mara), who he credits with changing his life and making him into a writer. *The Rosy Crucifixion* continues the story of June, in greater detail, over the course of nearly 1,500 pages, and also described the process of Miller finding his voice as a writer, until eventually he sets off for Paris, where the activities depicted in *Tropic of Cancer* begin.","parent_id":"318165ae803e9cc4908a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1fa62d99ae4f74345110:0","document_content":"# Birdsong (novel)\n***Birdsong*** is a 1993 war novel and family saga by the English author Sebastian Faulks. It is Faulks\\'s fourth novel. The plot follows two main characters living at different times: the first is Stephen Wraysford, a British soldier on the front line in Amiens during the First World War, and the second is his granddaughter, Elizabeth Benson, whose 1970s plotline follows her attempts to recover an understanding of Stephen\\'s experience of the war.\nFaulks developed the novel to bring more public awareness to the experience of war remembered by WWI veterans. Most critics found this effort successful, commenting on how the novel, like many other WWI novels, thematically focuses on how the experience of trauma shapes individual psyches. Similarly, because of the parallel narratives WWI and 1970s Britain, the novel explores metahistorical questions about how to document and recover narratives about the past. Because of its genre, themes and writing style, the novel has been favourably compared to a number of other war novels, such as Ian McEwan\\'s *Atonement* and those in Pat Barker\\'s Regeneration Trilogy.\n*Birdsong* is part of a loose trilogy of novels by Sebastian Faulks, alongside *The Girl at the Lion d\\'Or* and *Charlotte Gray*; the three are linked through location, history and several minor characters. *Birdsong* is one of Faulks\\'s best received works, earning both critical and popular praise, including being listed as the 13th favourite book in Britain in a 2003 BBC survey called the Big Read. It has also been adapted three times under the same title: for radio (1997), the stage (2010) and television (2012).\nFaulks signing The Convention on Modern Liberty\nFaulks wrote the novel partly because he felt that the First World War had not been discussed enough in both literary and historical contexts. Reflecting on the novel twenty years later, Faulks felt that the published version did not fully do justice to the experience of war: it did not provide readers with \\\"a full appreciation of the soldiers\\' physical experience; and, perhaps more importantly, a philosophical understanding of what it meant to be part of the first genocidal event of the century -- the one that made the others imaginable\\\".","parent_id":"1fa62d99ae4f74345110","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1fa62d99ae4f74345110:1","document_content":"# Birdsong (novel)\nBecause Faulks felt that much of the extant World War I literature was deeply influenced by World War II literature, he deliberately avoided research with secondary documents, such as historical monographs, instead focusing on veteran interviews and period primary sources.\nThe novel was a success, with international impact and attention. The hardback print-run, first issued in 1993, sold 14,000 copies. The novel featured in many \\\"Best of the Year lists\\\" in the United Kingdom during 1993. Subsequently, the novel has become one of the most checked-out works from British libraries.\nThough Faulks\\'s third published novel in the United Kingdom, *Birdsong* was only his second republished in the United States. In New Zealand and Australia, the novel was popular, reaching best seller and \\\"what\\'s hot\\\" lists. The novel was also sold in translation in Italy, France, Spain, Latin America, Germany, Portugal, Brazil, Denmark, Poland, Israel, Sweden, Estonia, Japan, Turkey, Bulgaria, Serbia, Finland and the Netherlands. Globally, sales were strong, and as of 2010, the novel had sold over 3 million copies.\n*Birdsong* has an episodic structure, and is split into seven sections which move between three different periods of time before, during and after the war in the Stephen Wraysford plot, and three different windows of time in the 1970s Benson plot.\n\n### France 1910\nA plaza with trolley in pre-War Amiens.\nThe first stage starts in pre-war Amiens, France. Stephen Wraysford visits and lives with Ren\u00e9 Azaire, his wife Isabelle and their children. Azaire teaches Stephen about the French textile industry. He witnesses a comfortable middle class life in Northern France alongside industrial worker unrest. Azaire and the significantly younger Isabelle express discontent with their marriage. This sparks Stephen\\'s interest in Isabelle, with whom he soon falls in love. During one incident, Azaire, embarrassed that he and Isabelle cannot have another child, beats her in a jealous rage. Around the same time, Isabelle helps give food to the families of striking workers, stirring rumours that she is having an affair with one of the workers.","parent_id":"1fa62d99ae4f74345110","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1fa62d99ae4f74345110:2","document_content":"# Birdsong (novel)\n### France 1910\nStephen\\'s love of Isabelle transforms into a passionate affair. Isabelle confronts Azaire with the truth of their relationship and Azaire evicts Stephen. Isabelle leaves with him, running away to Southern France. There she becomes pregnant, and momentarily loses faith in her relationship with Stephen. Without telling Stephen, she flees, returning to her family home and the one constant in her life: her sister Jeanne. Later, Isabelle\\'s father makes a deal with Azaire for her return to maintain her honour; Isabelle is forgiven but soon regrets leaving her true love, Stephen. However, she does not reach back out to Stephen.\n\n### France 1916\nA picture of preserved tunnels constructed as part of the Battle of Vimy Ridge. Stephen supports a crew building similar tunnels.\nThe second section rejoins Stephen, when he is a lieutenant in the British Army at the start of the war. Through his eyes, Faulks tells the reader about the first day on the Somme in July 1916 and the Battle of Messines near Ypres in the following year.\nSeveral episodes depict a downtrodden Stephen whose only respite is his friendship with Captain Michael Weir and his men. Stephen gains the reputation of a cold and distant officer. He refuses all offers of leave, because he is committed to fighting the war.\nHis story is interleaved with that of Jack Firebrace, a former miner employed with the tunnelling companies of the Royal Engineers in the British trenches to listen for the enemy and plant mines under the German trenches. In one expedition across No-Man\\'s Land, Stephen is badly injured but survives.\nmines on the Somme in 1916. These men were of a similar company to the characters represented in the novel.\nDuring these episodes, Stephen feels lonely and writes to Isabelle, feeling that there is no one else to whom he can express his feelings. He writes about his fears that he will die, and confesses that he has only ever loved her.\n\n### England 1978\nAlongside the main story, there is the narrative of Stephen\\'s granddaughter, Elizabeth, who, whilst struggling with her already married boyfriend, Robert, unearths Stephen\\'s journals from World War I and seeks to learns about his experiences at Marne, Verdun and the Somme. She discovers that Stephen\\'s journals are encoded, but tries to decipher them.","parent_id":"1fa62d99ae4f74345110","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1fa62d99ae4f74345110:3","document_content":"# Birdsong (novel)\n### France 1917\nSikh cavalry passing through the streets of Amiens in 1916.\nStephen has a chance encounter with Jeanne, Isabelle\\'s sister, while on leave in Amiens. During this encounter, Stephen persuades her to allow him to meet with Isabelle. He meets her but finds her face disfigured by a shell with scarring from the injury. Stephen discovers that Isabelle is now in a relationship with Max, a German soldier.\nStephen returns to England briefly, and finds relief at being able to enjoy the Norfolk countryside away from the trenches. When he meets Jeanne again on the way back, he tells her how he dreads returning to the front line after leave. Weir, Stephen\\'s closest friend, is eventually killed by a sniper\\'s bullet while in a trench out on the front line.\n\n### England 1978--1979\nElizabeth continues researching the war and talks to war veterans Gray and Brennan (who knew Stephen) about their experiences. During this period, she also becomes pregnant with Robert\\'s child.\n\n### France 1918\nA mine exploding at Hawthorn Ridge Redoubt. A similar explosion traps Stephen and Firebrace below ground, before being rescued by German miners.\nThe WWI plot ends with Stephen and Firebrace trapped underground after a German mine explosion; with their way out blocked, they talk and share their experiences, with Firebrace grieving for his dead son John and Stephen telling him of his former love for Isabelle. Stephen finds some explosives and Firebrace, himself close to death, tells him how to lay them in order to blast their way out of the tunnel. Before Stephen completes the task, Firebrace dies. The explosion successfully clears a way out for Stephen, and he is rescued by Levi, a Jewish German soldier, as the war ends.\n\n### England 1979\nElizabeth finally decides to reveal her pregnancy to her mother Fran\u00e7oise, who, to Elizabeth\\'s surprise, is supportive. Over dinner, she learns her mother was raised by Stephen and Jeanne, who married and settled in Norfolk after Elizabeth\\'s grandmother Isabelle\\'s premature death due to the postwar influenza epidemic. Elizabeth and the still-married Robert go on holiday to Dorset, where she goes into labour and has a son, naming him John (after Jack Firebrace\\'s late son). The book ends with Robert walking down the garden of the holiday cottage and having an immense sense of joy.","parent_id":"1fa62d99ae4f74345110","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1fa62d99ae4f74345110:4","document_content":"# Birdsong (novel)\n### France: 1910\n- **Ren\u00e9 Azaire** -- Factory owner in Amiens. He states that Stephen will go to Hell for his affair with his wife Isabelle. Embarrassed by his inability to have a child with his wife he beats Isabelle.\n- **Isabelle Azaire (Madame Azaire)** n\u00e9e **Fourmentier** -- Ren\u00e9\\'s wife. Isabelle has an affair with Stephen Wraysford while stuck in her unhappy marriage to Ren\u00e9. However, after this brief affair Isabelle agrees to return to Ren\u00e9 (after Rene is convinced by Isabelle\\'s father) and she is forgiven by the family. She is the mother of Fran\u00e7oise by Stephen, though she raised her daughter originally with a German soldier named Max.\n- **Lisette** -- Sixteen-year-old daughter of Azaire, and step-daughter of Isabelle. Lisette is attracted to Stephen, to whom she is nearer in age than Isabelle. She makes suggestive remarks to Stephen throughout his time at the house in Amiens, but goes on to marry a man named Lucien Lebrun.\n\n### France 1916, 1917 and 1918\n- **Jack Firebrace** -- A tunneller or \\\"sewer rat\\\". He survived until 1918 when he became trapped while tunnelling and died.\n- **Captain Weir** -- An officer close to Stephen Wraysford killed by a German sniper.\n- **Jeanne Fourmentier** -- Isabelle\\'s sister who forms a relationship with Stephen Wraysford.\n\n### England: 1978 and 1979\n- **Elizabeth Benson** -- Granddaughter of Stephen Wraysford. Elizabeth has a job in company which manufactures garments. She wants to find out more about World War I and her grandfather\\'s actions. She does this by phoning elderly servicemen, visiting war memorials and translating Stephen\\'s diary.\n- **Fran\u00e7oise** -- Elizabeth\\'s mother, the biological daughter of Stephen and Isabelle who was raised by her father and aunt Jeanne.\n- **Irene** -- A colleague of Elizabeth.\n- **Bob** -- Irene\\'s husband. He offers to translate the code used in Stephen Wraysford\\'s war diaries for Elizabeth.","parent_id":"1fa62d99ae4f74345110","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1fa62d99ae4f74345110:5","document_content":"# Birdsong (novel)\n### Recovering history\nThe novel deals explicitly with the contemporary act of recovering the memory of WWI, and compiling contemporary understanding of those narratives---a function common to works of historiographic metafiction, like Pat Barker\\'s Regeneration Trilogy, A.S. Byatt\\'s *Possession,* and Ian McEwan\\'s *Atonement*. The literary scholar Jerome de Groot calls *Birdsong* one of the first novels of its kind, creating a trend in the 1990s of literary fiction rethinking and reflecting on the World Wars and their historical legacy.\nMichael Gorra, a professor of English literature, argues that Faulks seeks to demonstrate that \\\"the past can be recovered, its code can be broken; it can be used to add meaning to contemporary life. Its limitations can be overcome and its promises fulfilled because we know it can heal.\\\" The deliberate hiding of Stephen\\'s stories, remaining silent to his family after the war\\'s end and encoding his journals, mirrors the actual loss of record and stories from veterans in post-war Britain. Elizabeth\\'s search for that history is a process of recovering that memory in order to gain a greater emotional relationships with her grandfather, to whom she had never felt connected. Writing in the *British Medical Journal*, the medical doctor Paul Slade described reading about this investigation of another person\\'s history to illuminate how \\\"superficial\\\" his own patient histories practice had been.\nGorra described the novel\\'s split into parallel narratives as the critical fault in the reading experience of the novel. For de Groot, however, the split structure provides one of the most sophisticated elements of the novel. De Groot writes that Benson\\'s investigation of personal history allows Faulks to examine the difference between the two perspectives on the memory, highlighting the \\\"unknowability of the horror of war\\\" and of history more generally.\n\n### Trauma\nC. R. W. Nevinson, 1917.","parent_id":"1fa62d99ae4f74345110","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1fa62d99ae4f74345110:6","document_content":"# Birdsong (novel)\n### Trauma\nLike other novels documenting WWI, the shock and trauma of death is embedded throughout the book\\'s depiction of the war. John Mullen, reviewing the book for *The Guardian*, described the depictions of the Battle of the Somme particularly brutal. According to scholar Marzena Soko\u0142owska-Pary\u017c, Faulks treats the war as a way to \\\"test human endurance\\\" and explore the effect of carnage on the psyche. A reviewer for *Kirkus Reviews* also highlighted this theme, writing that \\\"the war, here, is Faulks\\'s real subject, his stories of destroyed lives, however wrenching, only throwing its horror into greater relief and making it the more unbearable\\\".\nThe contemporary historian Simon Wessley describes the novel, alongside Barker\\'s *Regeneration*, as an exemplar of contemporary fiction which uses the experience of the World War I trenches to examine more contemporary understandings of PTSD. De Groot argues that this reinvestigation of a traumatic history mirrors a growing interest among both literary authors and historians in trauma as a thematic subject.\nThe historian Ross J. Wilson noted that this reinvestigation of the traumas of the World Wars revisits and revives the experience of trauma within contemporary culture. Faulks uses both different narrators and different narrative perspectives (first, third and omniscient) on the death in the trenches to explore the trauma of death in numerous and challenging ways. For Mullen, this gives the effect of \\\"the novelist painfully manipulating the reader\\'s emotions.\\\"\nThe novel frequently changes narrative perspectives, using a significant amount of interior monologue, direct speech and dramatic irony. Though employing an omniscient narrator who occasionally describes the events from a broad perspective, the novel tends to shadow a handful of characters closely, principally Stephen Wraysford, Isabelle Azair, Michael Weir, Jack Firebrace and Elizabeth Benson.","parent_id":"1fa62d99ae4f74345110","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1fa62d99ae4f74345110:7","document_content":"# Birdsong (novel)\n### Trauma\nPat Wheeler, a scholar of literature, describes the narrative style as \\\"both naturalistic and realistic and very much in the manner of the nineteenth century writers Faulks cites as literary influences\\\"---Wheeler notes \u00c9mile Zola, Charles Dickens and George Gissing among these. Wheeler emphasizes that the naturalistic tendencies of the narrative allow treatment of the war setting without an idealization of the \\\"human\\\" parts of the narrative. Consistently, reviews emphasize the novel\\'s imagery of the battle experience in and amongst the trenches. For Slade, the novel \\\"produces a vivid and traumatizing description of the sights and sounds of life and death in (and under the trenches)\\\"; the principal cause of this, he says, is \\\"the pure fury and intensity of the imagery created page after page\\\".\n*Birdsong* is one of Faulks\\'s best-received works of fiction, both by the public and amongst reviewers. The British press offered considerable praise, with positive reviews from *Today*, *The Guardian*, *The Observer*, *The Daily Mail*, *The Mail on Sunday*, *The Sunday Express*, *The Sunday Telegraph*, *The Times Literary Supplement*, *The Spectator* and *The Scotsman*. American and other international press reviews were similarly positive.\nThe novel\\'s popular reception was similarly positive. *Birdsong* came 13th in a 2003 BBC survey called the Big Read, which aimed to find Britain\\'s favourite book. It received an \\\"Also Mentioned\\\" credit in *The Observer* 2005 poll of critics and writers to find the \\\"Best British book of the last 25 years\\\" (1980--2005). *Birdsong* was listed in *The Telegraph* as one of the most consistently high selling books of 1998--2008, continuously in the top 5,000 sales figures.","parent_id":"1fa62d99ae4f74345110","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1fa62d99ae4f74345110:8","document_content":"# Birdsong (novel)\n### Trauma\nReviews of the novel often focus on the fluid reading experience as well as the novel\\'s effective treatment of \\\"\\'real\\' people\\\" within the trauma of war. Gorra describes the novel as mostly a strong WWI novel, characterising it as \\\"superb\\\" with prose that is \\\"spare and precise\\\". The review published in *Kirkus Reviews* was glowing: \\\"Once more, Faulks shows his unparalleled strengths as a writer of plain human life and high, high compassion. A wonderful book, ringing with truth.\\\"\nConsistently one of the greatest critiques of the novel concerns its 1970s plot-line. For example, Gorra found that the addition of a parallel narrative \\\"ran into problems\\\"---especially concerning Elizabeth Benson, whom he \\\"stopped believing in as a character\\\". Unlike other reviewers, the critic Sarah Belo did not question the historical investigation plot, but the depiction of Elizabeth\\'s experience as a 1970s woman in England. On the other hand, almost all of the reviewers describe the novel\\'s war sections as excellently written; for example, the review in the *Los Angeles Times* called the sections \\\"so powerful as to be almost unbearable\\\".\nThe novel has been favourably compared to other World War I and II novels, including *All Quiet on the Western Front*, *The Young Lions* and *War and Remembrance.* Gorra described the novel as even more original than Barker\\'s *The Ghost Road* and the rest of her Regeneration Trilogy. Kate Saunders, reviewing *Birdsong* for *The Sunday Times*, praised the novel and described it as \\\"without the political cynicism that colours more modern treatments of this catastrophe\\\". Reviewers have also compared the novel to other literary works; for example, for one critic, the lead up to the Somme was as persuasive as the \\\"scene in *Henry V* before the Battle of Agincourt\\\", while the novelist Suzanne Ruta writes that Faulks creates characters with a similar depth to those in Thomas Hardy novels.\n*Birdsong* was adapted as a radio drama of the same title in 1997, and as a stage play in 2010. The play adaptation was first directed by Trevor Nunn at the Comedy Theatre in London.","parent_id":"1fa62d99ae4f74345110","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1fa62d99ae4f74345110:9","document_content":"# Birdsong (novel)\n### Trauma\nIn 2012 it was adapted as a two-part television drama for the BBC. The production starred Eddie Redmayne as Stephen Wraysford and Cl\u00e9mence Po\u00e9sy as Isabelle Azaire, and was directed by Philip Martin, based on a screenplay by Abi Morgan. The historian Edward Madigan favourably compared the television adaptation to Steven Spielberg\\'s *War Horse* as a successful evocation of the experience of the World War I trenches.\nIn both 2013 and 2014, Faulks indicated that a feature film adaptation was in development. The screenplay is by Rupert Wyatt, and the film is expected to star Nicholas Hoult.\nIn 2020, Original Theatre produced an online film version of the novel, that featured Faulks as the narrator.","parent_id":"1fa62d99ae4f74345110","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"70e3b54b94c3539934cd:0","document_content":"# Popcorn (novel)\n***Popcorn*** is a 1996 novel by the British writer Ben Elton. It shares themes with a number of movies from the mid-1990s, most notably *Natural Born Killers* by Oliver Stone and *Pulp Fiction* and *Reservoir Dogs* by Quentin Tarantino. The play version of the novel is used by the IEB (Independent Education Board) In South Africa as one of their Postmodern set-work plays for Dramatic Arts.\nThe book takes place in different parts of Los Angeles, California. The date is never actually specified, but various clues suggest it is set in the near future. Mostly the story takes place in the centre of Hollywood. The book depicts the differences between different social groups in America, from rich people with guards like Bruce Delamitri to poorer people Wayne and Scout.","parent_id":"70e3b54b94c3539934cd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"70e3b54b94c3539934cd:1","document_content":"# Popcorn (novel)\nThe protagonist, Bruce Delamitiri, is an artist who works in the motion picture industry. Many people in the US think that, by making these movies, Bruce makes killing cool. Numerous characters throughout the book imply that he encourages everyone who\\'s watching these movies to kill for fun. Bruce, on the other hand, defends himself by telling everyone that he doesn't think he encourages anyone to do anything. He says that there has always been violence but humans are not like robots; seeing something on the screen does not necessarily make us want to do it ourselves (p.\u00a013 \\\"people get up from the movie theatre or the TV and do what they just saw\\\"). He also claims that he is just showing existing violence. Unfortunately for Bruce, Wayne and Scout (a pair of psychopaths known in the media as the \\\"Mall Murderers\\\") have formulated a plan to hold him hostage and have him publicly announce that his movies are responsible for their crimes so they can avoid the death penalty (Wayne has a lengthy speech giving examples of how in America it is possible to be guilty and innocent at the same time.) As the novel progresses, Bruce and a critically injured Brooke Daniels are joined inside his house by his wife and daughter and a TV camera crew. The siege reaches its climax as Wayne holds a ratings monitor and announces on live TV that he will spare the hostages if everyone stops watching the siege in the next few minutes - however, this does not happen and he begins firing as the LAPD begin a frantic attempt to subdue him. Many of the characters die in the ensuing violence and the epilogue of the story reveals grim details as to how all the survivors have found a way of escaping responsibility for the tragedy using varying routes from lawsuits and finding religion to making documentaries which explicitly blame everyone else. The book ends with the line \\\"No one has taken responsibility\\\" --- echoing an earlier rant by Bruce that we have created a blame free society in which any problem or shortcoming can be blamed on others rather than accepting responsibility for our own actions.","parent_id":"70e3b54b94c3539934cd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"70e3b54b94c3539934cd:2","document_content":"# Popcorn (novel)\n- Bruce Delamitri -- the main protagonist, an egocentric filmmaker who has become controversial for the celluloid violence he produces.\n- Wayne -- A cruel and immoral killer.\n- Scout -- Wayne\\'s lover and confidant.\n- Brooke Daniels -- A vaguely abnormal model and aspiring actress.\n- Velvet Delamitri -- Bruce\\'s estranged daughter.\n- Farrah Delamitri -- Bruce\\'s estranged wife.\n- Karl Brezner -- Bruce\\'s agent.\nIt won the 1996 Crime Writers\\' Association\\'s Gold Dagger Award.\nElton penned a play based on the novel, which premiered at the Nottingham Playhouse in 1996, and later played in London\\'s West End.","parent_id":"70e3b54b94c3539934cd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"990d2cea337967c5fbe1:0","document_content":"# El T\u00fanel\n***The Tunnel* ()** is a dark, psychological novel written by Argentine writer Ernesto Sabato about a deranged porte\u00f1o painter, Juan Pablo Castel, and his obsession with a woman. The story\\'s title refers to the symbol for Castel\\'s emotional and physical isolation from society, which becomes increasingly apparent as Castel proceeds to tell from his jail cell the series of events that enabled him to murder the only person capable of understanding him. Marked by its existential themes, *El T\u00fanel* received enthusiastic support from Albert Camus and Graham Greene following its publication in 1948.\nThe story begins with the main character introducing himself as \\\"the painter who killed Mar\u00eda Iribarne\\\" before delving into the circumstances that led to their first encounter. Castel\\'s obsession begins in the autumn of 1946 when at an exhibition of his work he notices a woman focusing on one particularly subtle detail of his painting \\\"Maternidad\\\" (\\\"Maternity\\\"). He considers this observation deeply significant since it is a detail that he values as the most important aspect of the painting but to which nobody besides him and the woman pay any attention.\nMissing out on an opportunity to approach her before she leaves the exhibition, he then spends the next few months obsessing over her, thinking of ways to find her in the immensity of Buenos Aires, and fantasizing about what to say to her.\nUltimately, after seeing her entering a building which he presumes to be her place of employment, he considers how to go about asking her about the detail in the painting. He approaches her and learns that her name is Mar\u00eda Iribarne. Following their discussion about the painting, Castel and Mar\u00eda agree to see each other again. It later becomes clear that she is married to a blind man named Allende and lives on Posadas Street in the northern part of the city. As Castel continues to see Mar\u00eda, however, their relationship comes to be dominated by his obsessive interrogations of her life with her husband, why she does not take her husband\\'s last name, and of her inner thoughts, questions she is unable to answer to his satisfaction. Out of this disconnect, Castel\\'s obsessive thoughts lead him to all sorts of irrational doubts about the love he has come to believe that they have for one another.","parent_id":"990d2cea337967c5fbe1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"990d2cea337967c5fbe1:1","document_content":"# El T\u00fanel\nThis anxiety intensifies after he and Maria make a trip to an *estancia*, a country ranch in Mar del Plata owned by Allende\\'s cousin Hunter. The atmosphere, the presence and attitudes of the other visiting relatives, and realizing Hunter\\'s jealousy all feed into Castel\\'s paranoia, forcing him to flee the ranch with little more than a word to one of the service staff.\nWhile waiting at a station to leave the region, Castel expects Mar\u00eda to figure out he has left and to come stop him. She never arrives, confirming his negative feelings. Upon returning home to Buenos Aires, Castel passionately composes a hurtful letter, accusing her of sleeping with Hunter, which he immediately regrets upon mailing to her. He angrily but unsuccessfully attempts to convince a postal worker to retract the certified letter and later concludes that fate has decided it should reach its destination.\nLater, Castel reaches Mar\u00eda by phone: she reluctantly agrees to meet with him again, although she tells him that it will likely do them little good and, in fact, probably cause him more harm. When she does not arrive in Buenos Aires, he decides that Mar\u00eda is, in fact, a prostitute who cheats on her husband not only with him, but also with Hunter and other men. In a fit of rage, he drives out to the *estancia*. There he waits hidden outside for guests to leave the large house. Meanwhile his anxiety grows to the point where he envisions himself and Mar\u00eda passing each other through life in parallel passageways or tunnels, whereas he is \\\"a single tunnel, dark and solitary: mine, the tunnel wherein passed all my infancy, my youth, my entire life.\\\"\nEventually, Castel enters the house, approaches Mar\u00eda in her room, where he accuses her of leaving him alone in the world, and stabs her to death.\nFollowing the attack, Castel shows up to Allende\\'s office to tell him that he has murdered Mar\u00eda for sleeping with Hunter, only to discover that Allende is well aware of his cuckold status. Crying out again and again that Castel is a fool, Allende sadly, and ineffectually, tries to fight Castel, who leaves and later turns himself in to the police.","parent_id":"990d2cea337967c5fbe1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"990d2cea337967c5fbe1:2","document_content":"# El T\u00fanel\n- *El t\u00fanel* (1952), directed by Le\u00f3n Klimovsky, with Laura Hildago and Carlos Thompson.\n- *El t\u00fanel* (1977, TV movie), directed by Jos\u00e9 Luis Cuerda\n- *El t\u00fanel*, also known as *The Tunnel* (1988), directed by Antonio Drove, with Jane Seymour and Peter Weller.\n- *The Passion of Martin* (1990), directed by Alexander Payne. A comic adaptation of *El t\u00fanel* for his film school thesis project about a photographer who becomes obsessed with a girl he notices studying his work in a gallery.","parent_id":"990d2cea337967c5fbe1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fffc8ff19025982a5b3b:0","document_content":"# The Town and the City\n***The Town and the City*** is a novel by Jack Kerouac, published by Harcourt Brace in 1950. This was the first major work published by Kerouac, who later became famous for his second novel *On the Road* (1957). Like all of Jack Kerouac\\'s major works, *The Town and the City* is essentially an autobiographical novel, though less directly so than most of his other works. *The Town and the City* was written in a conventional manner over a period of years, and much more novelistic license was taken with this work than after Kerouac\\'s adoption of quickly written \\\"spontaneous prose\\\". *The Town and the City* was written before Kerouac had developed his own style, and it is heavily influenced by Thomas Wolfe (even down to the title, reminiscent of Wolfe titles such as *The Web and the Rock*).\nThe novel is focused on two locations (as suggested by the title): one, the early Beat Generation circle of New York in the late 1940s, the other, the nearly rural small town of Galloway, Massachusetts that the main character comes from, before going off to college on a football scholarship. Galloway represents the town of Lowell, Massachusetts, which the Merrimack river runs through, and where Kerouac was raised. The experiences of the young \\\"Peter Martin\\\" struggling for success on the high school football team are largely those of Jack Kerouac (he returns to the subject again in his last work *Vanity of Duluoz*, published in 1968).","parent_id":"fffc8ff19025982a5b3b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fffc8ff19025982a5b3b:1","document_content":"# The Town and the City\nThe \\\"city\\\" represents a number of figures of the early beat circle: Allen Ginsberg (as Leon Levinsky), Lucien Carr (as Kenneth Wood), William Burroughs (as Will Dennison), Herbert Huncke (as Junky), David Kammerer (as Waldo Meister), Edie Parker (as Judie Smith) and also Joan Vollmer (as Mary Dennison) \\-- though she essentially has a non-speaking role (however some of her ideas are quoted by the Ginsberg-figure). Near the end of the novel, the Waldo Meister character dies by falling from the window of Kenneth Wood\\'s apartment (a distant echo of the real event: David Kammerer knifed by Lucien Carr, possibly in self-defense). In the novel the police largely just accept this as a suicide. A version of the events closer to the truth can be found in *Vanity of Duluoz*, in which Carr was arrested and eventually accepted a plea of manslaughter and a prison sentence; and Kerouac was arrested and held briefly as an accessory after the fact. Still another version of the story can be found in an early novel Kerouac collaborated on with William S. Burroughs, And the Hippos Were Boiled in Their Tanks, published after Kerouac's death.\nKerouac began writing *The Town and the City* in late 1945, according to Ellis Amburn, who edited Kerouac\\'s last two novels and wrote the biography *Subterranean Kerouac*. Heavily influenced by Thomas Wolfe, he sent the completed manuscript to Wolfe\\'s publisher, Charles Scribner\\'s Sons, in 1948. Kerouac told his friend Allen Ginsberg that he hoped that he would hook up with Wolfe\\'s editor Maxwell Perkins, not knowing that Perkins had died the previous year. Scribner\\'s rejected the book.","parent_id":"fffc8ff19025982a5b3b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fffc8ff19025982a5b3b:2","document_content":"# The Town and the City\nGinsberg lobbied his former teacher at Columbia University (Kerouac had also attended Columbia), Mark Van Doren for help, and Van Doren set up an interview with Alfred Kazin, who worked as a scout for Harcourt Brace. Kerouac was unable to make the interview with Kazin but Ginsberg introduced Kerouac to *New Yorker* editor Ed Stringham, who arranged a meeting between Kerouac and the editor-in-chief of Viking Press. Kazin eventually decided to read the manuscript and if he liked it, he would pass it to the top publishers in New York. His contacts also included Houghton Mifflin, Alfred A. Knopf, Little Brown and Company, and Random House. Kazin recommended the book.\nIn December 1948, Scribner\\'s again rejected the manuscript, despite changes that Kerouac had made to the text. Little Brown also rejected the book that same month, declining publication due to its excessive length, which meant the book would be prohibitively expensive for a first novel. (Most of the costs of publishing a first novel are the costs of paper and binding, and a long book makes it harder for the publisher to recoup its costs.)\nAfter reading sample chapters of *The Town and the City* (along with Kerouac\\'s work-in-progress *Dr.\u00a0Sax*), Mark Van Doren recommended the novel to Robert Giroux at Harcourt Brace in March 1949. Giroux, like Van Doren and Kerouac, was associated with Columbia. Giroux was impressed with the 1,100-page-long manuscript, which he thought comparable to Wolfe\\'s *Look Homeward, Angel* in terms of its lyricism and poetry, and offered Kerouac a \\$1,000 advance against royalties. He did require that the manuscript be cut to reduce production costs.","parent_id":"fffc8ff19025982a5b3b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fffc8ff19025982a5b3b:3","document_content":"# The Town and the City\nCutting and revising *The Town and the City* under the supervision of Giroux took months, according to Kerouac\\'s friend John Clellon Holmes. Giroux wanted a 500-page novel that could retail for the then-standard \\$3.50 per copy. After many months, the proofs were ready in November 1949. The publication date was set for February 1950, with a run of 15,000 copies, 10,500 of which were bound. (The additional 4,500 sets of pages were warehoused, should demand require additional copies.) The English publisher Eyre and Spottiswoode bought the UK rights of the book and prepared their own edition for 1950.\nKerouac decided to use the name \\\"John Kerouac\\\" for the book. (Subsequent paperback and hardback editions have used the name \\\"Jack Kerouac\\\" in lieu of John.) Kerouac dedicated the book To Robert Giroux, \\\"Friend and Editor\\\". Giroux told Kerouac that movie producer David O. Selznick was interested in buying the rights to the book.\nPublication eventually was pushed back to March 2, 1950. It received good notices from Charles Poore, reviewing the book for *The New York Times* daily edition, and John Brooks, reviewing it for the Sunday *Times Book Review.* The book was trashed by reviewers for the *New Yorker* and the *Saturday Review*.\nThe book was not a success, and Kerouac complained in a September 1950 letter to a Worcester, Massachusetts reviewer who had praised the book that it was no longer selling. Kerouac made no more money on *The Town and the City*, as his royalties did not exceed his advance and a movie sale never materialized.\nGiroux subsequently rejected *On the Road* in 1951, and all other Kerouac novels submitted to him over the years. The 1951 rejection of *On the Road* effectively ended Kerouac\\'s personal and professional relationship with Giroux, whom he had considered a friend, and his professional relationship with Harcourt Brace. It would be another six years before he was again published professionally, when Viking published *On the Road* at the urging of Malcolm Cowley.\nKerouac often based his fictional characters on friends and family.\n`Real-life\u00a0person`\n`Character\u00a0name`\n`Jack\u00a0Kerouac`\n`Peter\u00a0Martin`\n`Leo\u00a0Kerouac`\n`George\u00a0Martin`","parent_id":"fffc8ff19025982a5b3b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fffc8ff19025982a5b3b:4","document_content":"# The Town and the City\n`Caroline\u00a0Kerouac`\n`Ruth\u00a0and\u00a0Elizabeth\u00a0Martin`\n`Gabrielle\u00a0Kerouac`\n`Marguerite\u00a0Courbet\u00a0Martin`\n`Gerard\u00a0Kerouac`\n`Julian\u00a0Martin`\n`George\u00a0\"G.J.\"\u00a0Apostolos`\n`Danny\u00a0\"D.J.\"\u00a0Mulverhill`\n`Henry\u00a0\"Scotty\"\u00a0Beaulieu`\n`Scotcho\u00a0Rouleau`\n`William\u00a0S.\u00a0Burroughs`\n`Will\u00a0Dennison`\n`Joan\u00a0Vollmer`\n`Mary\u00a0Dennison`\n`Mary\u00a0Carney`\n`Mary\u00a0Gilhooley`\n`Lucien\u00a0Carr`\n`Kenneth\u00a0Wood`\n`Billy\u00a0Chandler`\n`Tommy\u00a0Campbell`\n`Allen\u00a0Ginsberg`\n`Leon\u00a0Levinsky`\n`Herbert\u00a0Huncke`\n`Junky`\n`David\u00a0Kammerer`\n`Waldo\u00a0Meister`\n`Edie\u00a0Parker`\n`Judie\u00a0Smith`\n`Sebastian\u00a0\"Sammy\"\u00a0Sampas`\n`Alex\u00a0Panos`","parent_id":"fffc8ff19025982a5b3b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fffc8ff19025982a5b3b:5","document_content":"# The Town and the City\n- And what does the rain say at night in a small town, what does the rain have to say? Who walks beneath dripping melancholy branches listening to the rain? Who is there in the rain\\'s million-needled blurring splash, listening to the grave music of the rain at night, September rain, September rain, so dark and soft? Who is there listening to steady level roaring rain all around, brooding and listening and waiting, in the rain-washed, rain-twinkled dark of night? \\-- Book 2, Chapter 5.\n- \\\"Tell you about cockroaches,\\\" said Clint with intense enthusiasm, leaning forward with a finger pointed. \\\"Now! The place I live in has a lot of cockroaches, but I don\\'t have trouble with them, understand, I\\'m on the best terms with them. Tell you how I do this. Some years ago I sat down and thought about the whole matter: I said to myself, cockroaches are human too, just as much as us human beings. Reason for that is this: I\\'ve watched them long enough to realize their sense of discretion, their feelings, their emotions, their thoughts, see. But you laugh. You think I\\'m talking through my hat. You doubt my word. Wait! Wait!\\\"---Book 4, Chapter 5\n- There\\'s no doubt about the fact that Mary Dennison is mad, but that\\'s only because she wants to be mad. What she has to say about the world, about everybody falling apart, about everybody clawing aggressively at one another in one grand finale of our glorious culture, about the madness in high places and the insane disorganized stupidity of the people who let themselves be told what to do and what to think by charlatans---all that is true! All the advertising men who dream up unreal bugaboos for people to flee from, like B.O. or if you don\\'t have such-and-such a color to your wash you\\'re an outcast from society. Don\\'t you see it, man? The world\\'s going mad! Therefore, it\\'s quite possible there \\*must be\\* some sort of disease that\\'s started. There\\'s only one real conclusion to be drawn. In Mary\\'s words, everybody got the atomic disease, everybody\\'s radioactive. \\-- \\\"Leon Levinsky\\\" (Allen Ginsberg) about \\\"Mary Dennison\\\" (Joan Vollmer), Book 4, Chapter 3","parent_id":"fffc8ff19025982a5b3b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2434c7f7f07bb58c408c:0","document_content":"# Last Exit to Brooklyn\n***Last Exit to Brooklyn*** is a 1964 novel by American author Hubert Selby Jr.\u00a0The novel takes a harsh, uncompromising look at lower class Brooklyn in the 1950s written in a brusque, everyman style of prose.\nCritics and fellow writers praised the book on its release. Due to its frank portrayals of taboo subjects, such as drug use, street violence, gang rape, homosexuality, transgenderism and domestic violence it was the subject of an obscenity trial in the United Kingdom and was banned in Italy.\nThe stories are set almost entirely in what is now considered the Sunset Park section of Brooklyn; the location is widely misreported as Red Hook, where one story is set and parts of the 1989 movie were filmed. *Last Exit to Brooklyn* is divided into six parts that can, more or less, be read separately. Each part is prefaced with a passage from the Bible.","parent_id":"2434c7f7f07bb58c408c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2434c7f7f07bb58c408c:1","document_content":"# Last Exit to Brooklyn\n- *Another Day, Another Dollar*: A gang of young Brooklyn hoodlums hang around an all-night diner and get into a vicious fight with a group of Army soldiers on leave.\n- *The Queen Is Dead*: Georgette, a sassy transgender prostitute, is thrown out of the family home by her homophobic brother and tries to attract the attention of a ruthless hoodlum named Vinnie at a benzedrine-driven party. Georgette dies of a drug overdose after the party.\n- *And Baby Makes Three*: A story told by an unknown narrator about a couple, Suzy and Tommy, who have a baby out of wedlock, and their wedding, and baby\\'s christening party is quickly thrown by Suzy\\'s parents.\n- *Tralala*: The title character of an earlier Selby short story, she is a young Brooklyn prostitute who makes a living propositioning sailors in bars and stealing their money. In perhaps the novel\\'s most notorious scene, she is brutally gang-raped after a night of heavy drinking. She is left for dead in a vacant lot and ends up most likely dying.\n- *Strike*: Harry, a machinist in a factory, becomes a local official in the union. He is a closeted gay man, he abuses his wife, tries to boast of his accomplishments and his high status to anyone who might listen to convince himself that he is a man. He gains a temporary status and importance during a long strike, and uses the union\\'s money to entertain the young street punks and buy the company of drag queens and gay men. He is ultimately beaten viciously by the hoodlums from the opening chapter, after he forcibly fellates a 10-year-old boy.\n- *Landsend*: Described as a \\\"coda\\\" for the book, this section presents the intertwined, yet ordinary day of numerous denizens in a housing project.","parent_id":"2434c7f7f07bb58c408c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2434c7f7f07bb58c408c:2","document_content":"# Last Exit to Brooklyn\n*Last Exit to Brooklyn* was written in an idiosyncratic style that ignores most conventions of grammar. Selby wrote most of the prose as if it were a story told from one friend to another at a bar rather than a novel, using coarse and casual language. He used slang-like conjunctions of words, such as *tahell* for \\\"to hell\\\" and *yago* for \\\"you go.\\\" The paragraphs were often written in a stream of consciousness style with many parentheses and fragments. Selby often indented new paragraphs to the middle or end of the line.\nAlso, Selby did not use quotation marks to distinguish dialogue but instead merely blended it into the text. He used a slash instead of an apostrophe mark for contractions and did not use an apostrophe at all for possessives.\n*Last Exit to Brooklyn* started as *The Queen is Dead,* one of several short stories Selby wrote about people he had met around Brooklyn while working as a copywriter and general laborer. The piece was published in three literary magazines in the late 1950s and early 1960s.\n*Tralala* first appeared in *The Provincetown Review* in 1961, drawing criticism which resulted in an obscenity trial.\nThe pieces later evolved into the full-length book, which was published in 1964 by Grove Press, which had previously published such controversial authors as William S. Burroughs and Henry Miller.\nCritics praised and censured the publication. Poet Allen Ginsberg said that it will \\\"explode like a rusty hellish bombshell over America and still be eagerly read in a hundred years.\\\"\n\n## Trial\nThe rights for the British edition were acquired by Marion Boyars and John Calder and the novel ended up in the hands of the Director of Public Prosecutions. The manuscript was published in January 1966, received positive reviews and sold almost 14,000 copies. The director of Blackwell\\'s bookshop in Oxford complained to the DPP about the detailed depictions of brutality and cruelty in the book but the DPP did not pursue the allegations.","parent_id":"2434c7f7f07bb58c408c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2434c7f7f07bb58c408c:3","document_content":"# Last Exit to Brooklyn\n## Trial\nSir Cyril Black, the then-Conservative Member of Parliament for Wimbledon, initiated a private prosecution of the novel before Marlborough Street Magistrates\\' Court, under judge Leo Gradwell. The public prosecutor brought an action under Section 3 of the Obscene Publications Act. During the hearing the Chief Metropolitan Magistrate ordered that all copies of the book within the jurisdiction of the Magistrate\\'s Court be seized. Not a single bookseller possessed a copy, but the publishing offices of Calder and Boyars, within the Bow Street Magistrate\\'s jurisdiction, were discovered to be in possession of three copies. The books were duly seized, and Mrs.\u00a0Boyars was summoned to show cause why they should not be forfeited. Expert witnesses spoke, \\\"unprecedentedly,\\\" for the prosecution: they included the publishers Sir Basil Blackwell and Robert Maxwell. On the defense side were the scholars Al Alvarez II, and Professor Frank Kermode, who had previously compared the work to Charles Dickens. Others who provided rebuttal evidence included H. Montgomery Hyde.\nThe order had no effect beyond the borders of the Marlborough Street Court, the London neighborhood of Soho. At the hearing Calder declared that the book would continue to be published and would be sold everywhere else outside of that jurisdiction. In response the prosecutor brought criminal charges under Section 2 of the Act, which entitled the defendants to trial by jury under Section 4.\nThe jury was all male. Judge Graham Rigers directed that the women \\\"might be embarrassed at having to read a book which dealt with homosexuality, prostitution, drug-taking and sexual perversion.\\\" The trial lasted nine days; on November 23 the jury returned a guilty verdict.\nIn 1968, an appeal issued by lawyer and writer John Mortimer resulted in a judgment by Mr Justice Lane that reversed the ruling. The case marked a turning point in British censorship laws. By that time, the novel had sold over 33,000 hardback and 500,000 paperback copies in the United States.\nIn 1989, director Uli Edel helmed a film adaptation of the novel.","parent_id":"2434c7f7f07bb58c408c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2434c7f7f07bb58c408c:4","document_content":"# Last Exit to Brooklyn\n## Trial\n- *The Queen Is Dead*: the title of the 1986 album by the Smiths is taken from the book.\n- Last Exit on Brooklyn, a Seattle coffeehouse named in homage to the book\n- \\\"Last Exit to Springfield\\\", an episode of *The Simpsons*, which parodied the title\n- Alt-J, British band composed a song entitled \\\"Fitzpleasure\\\", inspired by the novel.\n- The Novembers, a Japanese band, composed the song \\\"Last Exit to Brooklyn\\\".\n- The Velvet Underground song \\\"Sister Ray\\\"\\'s lyrics are based on a scene in the novel.","parent_id":"2434c7f7f07bb58c408c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5b2714bb37a59d896a8a:0","document_content":"# Redburn\n***Redburn: His First Voyage*** is the fourth book by the American writer Herman Melville, first published in London in 1849. The book is semi-autobiographical and recounts the adventures of a refined youth among coarse and brutal sailors and the seedier areas of Liverpool. Melville wrote *Redburn* in less than ten weeks. While one scholar describes it as \\\"arguably his funniest work\\\", scholar F. O. Matthiessen calls it \\\"the most moving of its author\\'s books before *Moby-Dick*\\\".\nUnable to find employment at home, young Wellingborough Redburn signs on the *Highlander*, a merchantman out of New York City bound for Liverpool, England. Representing himself as the \\\"son of a gentleman\\\" and expecting to be treated as such, he discovers that he is just a green hand, a \\\"boy\\\", the lowest rank on the ship, assigned all the duties no other sailor wants, like cleaning out the \\\"pig-pen\\\", a longboat that serves as a shipboard sty. The first mate promptly nicknames him \\\"Buttons\\\" for the shiny ones on his impractical jacket. Redburn quickly grasps the workings of social relations aboard ship. As a common seaman he can have no contact with those \\\"behind the mast\\\" where the officers command the ship. Before the mast, where the common seaman work and live, a bully named Jackson, the best seaman aboard, rules through fear with an iron fist. Uneducated yet cunning, with broken nose and squinting eye, he is described as \\\"a Cain afloat, branded on his yellow brow with some inscrutable curse and going about corrupting and searing every heart that beat near him.\\\" Redburn soon experiences all the trials of a greenhorn: seasickness, scrubbing decks, climbing masts in the dead of night to unfurl sails, cramped quarters, and bad food.\nLauncelott\\'s Hey, 1843\nWhen the ship lands in Liverpool he is given liberty ashore. He rents a room and walks the city every day. One day in a street called Launcelott\\'s Hey he hears \\\"a feeble wail\\\" from a cellar beneath an old warehouse and looking into it sees \\\"the figure of what had been a woman. Her blue arms folded to her livid bosom two shrunken things like children, that leaned toward her, one on each side. At first I knew not whether they were alive or dead. They made no sign; they did not move or stir; but from the vault came that soul-sickening wail.\\\" He runs for help but is met with indifference by a ragpicker, a porter, his landlady, even by a policeman who tells him to mind his own business. He returns with some bread and cheese and drops them into the vault to the mother and children, but they are too weak to lift it to their mouths. The mother whispers \\\"water\\\" so he runs and fills his tarpaulin hat at an open hydrant. The girls drink and revive enough to nibble some cheese. He clasps the mother\\'s arms and pulls them aside to see \\\"a meager babe, the lower part of its body thrust into an old bonnet. Its face was dazzlingly white, even in its squalor; but the closed eyes looked like balls of indigo. It must have been dead for some hours.\\\" Judging them beyond the point at which medicine could help, he returns to his room. A few days later he revisits the street and finds the vault empty: \\\"In place of the woman and children, a heap of quick-lime was glistening.\\\"","parent_id":"5b2714bb37a59d896a8a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5b2714bb37a59d896a8a:1","document_content":"# Redburn\nOn the docks he meets Harry Bolton, a dandy who claims to be a sailor looking for a job, and Redburn helps him procure a berth on the *Highlander* for the return voyage. They become fast friends and make a trip to London where they visit a luxurious private club, Aladdin\\'s Palace, with an exotic environment Redburn struggles to make sense of, concluding it must be a gambling house. The ship soon departs for New York and Bolton\\'s deficits as sailor become apparent. Redburn suspects that Bolton has never been to sea before and Bolton is tormented by the crew. Jackson, after being ill in bed for four weeks, returns to active duty: he climbs to the topsail yard, then suddenly vomits \\\"a torrent of blood from his lungs\\\", and falls headfirst into the sea and disappears. The crew never speak his name again. Reaching port, Redburn heads for his home and Bolton signs on a whaler. Redburn later hears that Bolton, far out in the Pacific, fell over the side and drowned.\n- Wellingborough Redburn (a.k.a., Buttons)\n- Redburn\\'s elder brother (unnamed in the book)\n- Mr.\u00a0Jones\n- Captain Riga\n- **The Highlander Crew**\n  - The suicidal sailor\n  - Jackson\n  - Max the Dutchman\n  - The Greenlander\n  - Mr Thompson, the cook, aka, the Doctor\n  - Lavender\n  - Jack Blunt\n  - Larry\n  - Gun-Deck\n- **The Liverpool Docks**\n  - Danby\n  - Mary, Danby\\'s wife\n  - Bob Still, Danby\\'s old crony\n  - Townspeople, other foreign sailors, policemen, the poor, the beggars, the depraved\n- Harry Bolton\n- Miguel Saveda\n- Carlo\n- The O\\'Briens and the O\\'Regans\n- Goodwell\nMelville alluded to *Redburn* for the first time in a letter to his English publisher in the late spring of 1849, in which he wrote that the novel would be practical rather than follow the \\\"unwise\\\" course of his previous novel, *Mardi*, which had been harshly criticized:","parent_id":"5b2714bb37a59d896a8a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5b2714bb37a59d896a8a:2","document_content":"# Redburn\nMelville adopted this more commercial approach to writing as his family obligations increased and his working conditions became more difficult. Living with him in the small house in New York City were his wife, child, mother, sisters, and his brother Allen with *his* wife and child. Melville later portrayed himself at this time as being forced to write \\\"with duns all around him, & looking over the back of his chair---& perching on his pen & diving in his inkstand---like the devils about St.\u00a0Anthony.\\\"","parent_id":"5b2714bb37a59d896a8a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5b2714bb37a59d896a8a:3","document_content":"# Redburn\nThe book is a fictional narrative based loosely on Melville\\'s own first voyage to Liverpool in 1839. The manuscript was completed in less than ten weeks and, without any attempt at polishing it, Melville submitted it to his American publisher Harper & Bros who published it in November 1849. Melville checked the proof sheets, which came out in August, and sent them along to Bentley for publication in England, where it appeared six weeks before the American version. In 1922 it was published as a volume of the Constable edition of Melville\\'s complete works. Since then it has been continuously in print in inexpensive hard cover editions and since 1957 in paperback.\nMelville referred to *Redburn* and his next book *White-Jacket* as \\\"two *jobs* which I have done for money---being forced to it as other men are to sawing wood\\\". It was reviewed favorably in all the influential publications, American and British, with many critics hailing it as Melville\\'s return to his original style. The critics were divided along national lines when reviewing the scene in Launcelots Hey, the British dubbing it \\\"improbable\\\", the Americans \\\"powerful\\\". In 1884 William Clark Russell, the most popular writer of sea stories in his generation, praised the book\\'s force and accuracy in print. He also sent Melville a personal letter where, among other items, he said \\\"I have been reading your *Redburn* for the third or fourth time and have closed it more deeply impressed with the descriptive power that vitalises every page.\\\" John Masefield would later single the book out as his favorite of Melville\\'s works. When *Redburn* was praised, Melville wrote in his journal, \\\"I, the author, know it to be trash, & wrote it to buy some tobacco with\\\". He later complained: \\\"What I feel most moved to write, that is banned---it will not pay. Yet, altogether, write the *other* way I cannot. So the product is a final hash, and all my books are botches.\\\"\nElizabeth Hardwick finds that passages of the book display a rhetorical brilliance: \\\"Throughout Melville\\'s writings there is a liberality of mind, a freedom from vulgar superstition, occasions again and again for an oratorical insertion of enlightened opinion.\\\" She points to the passage in chapter 33 where Melville describes the German immigrants preparing for their voyage to America:","parent_id":"5b2714bb37a59d896a8a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5b2714bb37a59d896a8a:4","document_content":"# Redburn\nInterpretations of *Redburn* generally fall into two schools. The first, usually called the biographical school, may be found in studies of Melville written in the 1920s by critics such as Raymond Weaver, John Freeman, and Lewis Mumford. Typifying this school\\'s approach is Mumford\\'s statement that:\nBy the 1950s, a second school arose which might be called the \\\"mythic\\\" school. Newton Arvin wrote:\nThis new approach represented a broad trend that sought to reinterpret American literature---Irving, Cooper, Hawthorne, Twain, James, Faulkner, and Hemingway---in the light of mythic quests and patterns. In one view, *Redburn* is \\\"a stronger indictment of an American embarking upon a voyage of international experience than Henry James would produce and a more ironic and embittered portrait of the young protagonist\\'s incapacity for art than James Joyce would produce.\\\"\nCritics have clarified or called attention to particular points. After some debate in the 1980s when the notion was first proposed, critics seem to agree that Aladdin\\'s Palace is a \\\"male brothel\\\", including Elizabeth Hardwick who describes it as \\\"a strange, fastidiously observed, rococo urban landscape unlike any other dramatic intrusion in Melville\\'s writings or in American literature at the time.\\\" Following Hardwick, critic Evan Lang Pandya argued that Aladdin\\'s Palace draws on \\\"fantasies of the blank Arabian signifier, the obscure desert of ambiguities, including sexual ambiguity.\\\"\nIn addition to the social criticism of the Launcelott\\'s Hey incident (Ch. 37), Melville attacks the evils of alcohol and the exploitation of emigrants by shipping services. The chapter \\\"A Living Corpse\\\", like Charles Dickens\\' *Bleak House*, contains an example of spontaneous human combustion in literature (Ch. 48).\n- Blum, Hester (2011). \\\"Melville and the novel of the sea.\\\" *The Cambridge History of the American Novel*. Eds. Leonard Cassuto, Clare Virginia Eby, and Benjamin Reiss. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.\n- Matthiessen, F.O. (1941). *American Renaissance: Art and Expression in the Age of Emerson and Whitman*. London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press.\n- \n- \n- \n-","parent_id":"5b2714bb37a59d896a8a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e482b23e72bb6de80ed3:0","document_content":"# Anita and Me\n***Anita and Me*** is Meera Syal\\'s debut novel, and was first published in 1996. It is a semi-autobiographical novel, based on Syal\\'s childhood in the mining village of Essington, Staffordshire, which won the Betty Trask Award.\nThe story revolves around Meena, a British Punjabi girl (the \\\"me\\\" of the title), and her relationship with her best friend, English neighbour Anita, as they grow up in the fictional Midlands village of Tollington in the late 1960s.\nThe novel is used as a GCSE set text for an English literature examination provided by examination boards AQA, Edexcel, OCR and WJEC. It is also used by other lower years in British schools.\nThe novel was made into a film of the same name in 2002, in which Syal appears as Meena\\'s Auntie Shaila. Syal also wrote the screenplay for the film. The film starred Chandeep Uppal and Anna Brewster in the title roles.\nThe story follows young Meena Kumar, an everyday girl, and the life she lives with her parents in Tollington, near Wolverhampton. One seemingly ordinary day, her life is turned upside down by Anita Rutter. Meena is a bright girl, with a wise head on young shoulders, but one who retains a childlike exuberance and naivety. An aspiring writer, Meena pines for some of the breaks that she believes white children have; upon being asked \\\"what do you want to be when you grow up\\\", Meena replies \\\"blonde\\\".\nThe novel was adapted for the stage by Tanika Gupta for the Birmingham Repertory Theatre, where it premiered on 9 October and ran until 24 October 2015. It was followed by a transfer to the Theatre Royal, Stratford East from 29 October to 21 November 2015. Ayesha Dharker reprised her role from the film for the stage version.\nIn 2017, a theatrical production toured the UK.it always deals with the political system of the society","parent_id":"e482b23e72bb6de80ed3","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e482b23e72bb6de80ed3:1","document_content":"# Anita and Me\n- Roc\u00edo G. Davis, \\\"India in Britain: Myths of Childhood in Meera Syal\\'s Anita and Me\\\", in Fernando Galv\u00e1n & Mercedes Bengoechea (ed.), *On Writing (and) Race in Contemporary Britain*, Universidad de Alcal\u00e1 1999, 139-46.\n- Graeme Dunphy, \\\"Meena\\'s Mockingbird: From Harper Lee to Meera Syal\\\", in *Neophilologus* 88, 2004, 637-59.","parent_id":"e482b23e72bb6de80ed3","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8f9cddfb9f09b595be21:0","document_content":"# Novel with Cocaine\n***Novel with Cocaine***, (, also translated as ***Cocain Romance*** and ***Romance with Cocaine***), is a novel first published in 1934 in a Russian \u00e9migr\u00e9 literary magazine *Chisla* (*Numbers*) under a pen name M. Ageyev. The English translation of the title fails to convey the double meaning of the Russian \\\"\u0420\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d,\\\" meaning both \\\"novel\\\" and \\\"romance\\\".\n*Novel with Cocaine* is a Dostoevskyan psychological novel of ideas, which explores the interaction between psychology, philosophy, and ideology in its frank portrayal of an adolescent\\'s cocaine addiction. The story relates the formative experiences of narrator Vadim at school and with women before he turns to drug abuse and the philosophical reflections to which it gives rise. Although Ageyev makes little explicit reference to the Russian Revolution of 1917, the novel\\'s obsession with addictive forms of thinking finds resonance in the historical background, in which \\\"our inborn feelings of humanity and justice\\\" provoke \\\"the cruelties and satanic transgressions committed in its name\\\".\nFollowing its original publication in *Numbers,* the novel was published in book form; it was scorned as decadent and disgusting, to use the term applied to it by Vladimir Nabokov. In 1983 the novel was translated into French and published to nearly unanimous praise; an English translation (by Michael Henry Heim) was published in 1984. After the French translation was published, there was some brief speculation in literary circles as to whether *Novel with Cocaine* might actually be the work of Nabokov, perhaps one of his mystifications; the consensus is now that Nabokov was not the author. Nabokov\\'s son Dmitri addresses this issue in an afterword to his 1986 English translation of VN\\'s novel *The Enchanter*, in which he claims the author is Mark Levi.\n- *Novel with Cocaine*, translated by Michael Henry Heim, 1984\n- *A Romance with Cocaine*, translated by Hugh Aplin, 2008","parent_id":"8f9cddfb9f09b595be21","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"42d6cf5b46e036001a6e:0","document_content":"# Dobry\n***Dobry*** is a book by Monica Shannon first published in 1934 that won the Newbery Medal for most distinguished contribution to American literature for children in 1935. Bulgarian-born sculptor Atanas Katchamakoff illustrated the book.\nDobry is a young boy who lives in a small farming village in Bulgaria with his widowed mother and grandfather. Both of them are dedicated farmers, and Dobry spends much of his early life helping them in the fields. The majority of his free time is spent with his best friend, Neda, the daughter of the village shoemaker.\nWhile still young, Dobry discovers a found love for art, in which he displays an unusually high amount of natural talent. In order to pay for the art supplies he needs to practice, he takes on the job as the village cow herder, and spends the next several years honing his artistic skills. While Neda and Dobry\\'s grandfather are impressed and supportive of his dedication to his craft, his mother becomes increasingly worried and agitated. She had always assumed that Dobry would take over the family farm as an adult, and sees the time that Dobry spends with his art as wasted time that he could be using to help with the work. However, Dobry\\'s grandfather is slowly able to convince her that talent like his should be allowed to develop. When Dobry creates a beautiful snow sculpture of the nativity that the whole town praises, his mother finally realizes how skilled her son truly is.\nAt the following New Year celebration, Dobry\\'s mother presents him with a surprise gift: money that she has saved up in order for him to enroll in an art academy. While Dobry excitedly begins to prepare for his new life, Neda worries that he will be leaving the village forever. However, he assures her that once he has completed his education, he will return to the village and marry her.\n**Dobry** - The protagonist of the novel, who first appears as a young farm boy. As he grows up throughout the story, he develops an increasingly impressive love and skill in art. He displays talent both in drawing and sculpting.","parent_id":"42d6cf5b46e036001a6e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"42d6cf5b46e036001a6e:1","document_content":"# Dobry\n**Neda** - The daughter of the village shoe maker, and Dobry\\'s lifelong best friend. They spend much of their free time together, and many of Dobry\\'s artistic creations were made as gifts to her. Their friendship begins to blossom into romantic interest for one another as they grow older, and Dobry leaves the village with the promise that he will one day marry her.\n**Roda** - Dobry\\'s mother, whose husband died when Dobry was still a young child. Although other village men have been known to show interest in her, she insists that she will never remarry. She is completely dedicated to the family farm. Although she is a devoted mother, she is initially upset when Dobry begins to show more interest in art than taking over the fields. Eventually, she comes around, and gives Dobry the money needed to attend an art school.\n**Grandfather** - Dobry\\'s grandfather, who lives and works with them on the farm. He is renowned as a great story teller throughout the region, and often entertains others with his tales. Not only does he know a great number of Bulgarian folk tales, he displays a talent at inventing his own stories as well. It is largely due to this creative streak that he immediately supports Dobry in his artistic endeavors, and helps to convince Dobry\\'s mother to let him explore his talents.\n*Kirkus Reviews* said of *Dobry*, \\\"There\\'s the real feel of the land in the story\\\". Children\\'s literature expert May Hill Arbuthnot calls it \\\"One of the greatest children\\'s books about people of other countries\\\". She suggests that adults \\\"Read it aloud, discuss and savor the colorful episodes.\\\" *Twentieth-Century Children\\'s Writers* says the book is \\\"inspiring\\\", and that \\\"the major characters in *Dobry* are strong and well-delineated\\\". *Dobry* won the 1935 Newbery Medal.","parent_id":"42d6cf5b46e036001a6e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"298b83e5d3bc673be9c6:0","document_content":"# Junk (novel)\n***Junk**\\'\\', known as***Smack**\\'\\' in the US, is a realistic novel for young adults, written by British author Melvin Burgess and published in 1996 by Andersen in the UK. Set on the streets of Bristol, England, it features two runaway teenagers who join a group of squatters, where they fall into heroin addiction and embrace anarchism. Both critically and commercially, it is the best received of Burgess\\' novels. Yet it was unusually controversial at first, criticised negatively for its \\'how-to\\' aspect, or its dark realism, or its moral relativism.\nBurgess won the annual Carnegie Medal from the Library Association, recognising the year\\'s outstanding children\\'s book by a British author. For the 70th anniversary of the Medal, in 2007, *Junk* was named one of the Top 10 winning works, selected by a panel to compose the ballot for a public election of the all-time favourite. *Junk* also won the Guardian Children\\'s Fiction Prize, a similar award that authors may not win twice; it is the latest of six books to win both awards.\nIn the US, Henry Holt published the novel in 1997 as *Smack* --- another slang term for heroin.\n*Junk* is told in the first person, with each chapter having a different character narrating. At the beginning of the story, fourteen-year old Gemma Brogan is spending time with David \\'Tar\\' Lawson, a boy of the same age. Tar is a victim of physical abuse at the hands of his father, and --- as he later realises --- emotional abuse from his mother. Both of his parents are alcoholics. After a particularly violent incident, he decides to run away to Bristol, even though he knows no-one there and has no money. Gemma, despite having loving (albeit strict) parents, also decides to leave home and join Tar in Bristol shortly afterwards.","parent_id":"298b83e5d3bc673be9c6","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"298b83e5d3bc673be9c6:1","document_content":"# Junk (novel)\nIn Bristol, Tar sleeps rough, interacting regularly only with Skolly, a local newsagent who likes his naive, trusting attitude. Skolly eventually introduces Tar to Richard, an absent-minded, vegan anarchist, who opens up abandoned houses for use as squats. Tar joins Richard and his friends Vonny, an eighteen-year old \\'motherly\\' woman; and her boyfriend Jerry, who is described as a bit useless. Between them, the young adults support Tar financially in order to keep him safe and away from his father, even though it is illegal. Gemma comes \\'to visit\\', intending to stay. Vonny is frustrated by this, as she does not see it as the same situation; they are protecting Tar, but Gemma is unafraid and merely wants a more \\'interesting\\' life. Vonny reluctantly allows Gemma to remain with them, but she insists that both teenagers notify their families from a telephone box that they are safe. Tar is happy with their situation, but Gemma gradually grows more restless, wanting to find some people their own age.\nThe adults decide after a few weeks that Gemma must return home. Richard holds a \\'farewell\\' party in the abandoned house and, to Vonny\\'s chagrin, he invites Lily and Rob, a couple whom she suspects to be on hard drugs. Gemma is enamoured with Lily from the moment she sees her. The two girls connect instantly, and Lily invites the pair to stay the night with them. Whilst they are there, Lily and Rob encourage Gemma and Tar to smoke heroin with them, and they do, believing that only smoking it will not get them addicted. The pair are subsequently invited to live with Lily and Rob, and they do.\nTar and Gemma live with Lily and Rob for a long time, and in the early days, it is all fun. They have frequent parties, shoplift to feed themselves, and heat their house with fuel from skips. They know all the local squatters and drug-users, becoming particularly close to Sally, another girl their age. However, their heroin-smoking habit quickly turns into long-term addiction. Eventually, the girls become prostitutes to fund their habit.","parent_id":"298b83e5d3bc673be9c6","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"298b83e5d3bc673be9c6:2","document_content":"# Junk (novel)\nAfter an event involving a friend who overdoses at their home, the police arrest Tar. He is sent to a drug rehabilitation centre as an alternative to prison, and receives treatment. Through counselling, he also faces some of the trauma he has endured. He leaves the centre clean, determined to stay off drugs, but he uses heroin almost immediately once he arrives back at the squat.\nLily, who does not work in the massage parlours as Gemma and Sally do, and instead works on the street with the protection of Rob, discovers she is pregnant. She decides to keep the baby, and the five of them vow to get clean. They travel to Wales, with the aim of getting themselves away from heroin and detoxing in a safe environment. However, the trip quickly falls apart. Rob and Sally both smuggle some heroin along with them, Tar hitchhikes back to Bristol on the second day, and Lily discovers Rob\\'s heroin and injects some herself. Gemma initially resists, but once she realises she is the only one still trying to stop using drugs, she starts using them again. They return to Bristol, scared by what they have realised about their addictions: that they truly cannot stop just because they want to.\nIn time, Lily has the baby and continues to inject heroin whilst the baby is breastfeeding. Meanwhile, Rob starts cottaging himself in public toilets, to fund their habit. Tar has totally changed; the naive, joyful person he once was, has been replaced by someone who lies to and steals from his friends and even from Gemma. Both boys become drug dealers. They have a traumatic experience when they discover a friend and his girlfriend dead after overdosing. However, they do nothing to alert the authorities, instead just stealing their drug stash.","parent_id":"298b83e5d3bc673be9c6","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"298b83e5d3bc673be9c6:3","document_content":"# Junk (novel)\nThe catalyst comes when Gemma realises that she, too, is pregnant. After a particularly vulnerable moment with Lily, who non-verbally admits she is overwhelmed, Gemma realises that she cannot let the same thing happen to her own baby. She leaves the house in the middle of the night and phones the police, telling them the address of the house and that it is being used to deal drugs. Tar, Rob and Lily are arrested, and Tar takes the rap again, which means he is given a custodial sentence. Meanwhile, Gemma locates Vonny and asks for her help. She allows Vonny to get in touch with her parents, who come to the hospital where she has been admitted with severe withdrawal symptoms. For the first time in three-and-a-half years, the Brogans are reunited with their daughter, who asks to come home.\nGemma returns to live in her hometown drug-free. She gives birth to her daughter Oona, whilst waiting for Tar to come out of prison. However, once he is released, Gemma realises that she no longer feels the same way about Tar, and they end their relationship. The reader learns that Tar ends up forcing his way into Gemma\\'s home and hits her at least once, in a bleak repetition of his own father\\'s behaviour. Gemma remains free of heroin, once she has gone through withdrawal, whereas Tar finds it much more difficult and slips several times, even though he is on methadone. The story ends with Tar having a new girlfriend and seeing Oona occasionally whilst lamenting the life he lost, still craving heroin and still holding onto the hope that Gemma will one day agree to renew their romantic relationship.","parent_id":"298b83e5d3bc673be9c6","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"298b83e5d3bc673be9c6:4","document_content":"# Junk (novel)\n- David \\'Tar\\' Lawson - protagonist, fourteen years old at the start of the book. Abused by his father, he is never proud of taking drugs but becomes a heroin addict after discovering that the drug helps him forget the abuse he has endured.\n- Gemma Brogan - Tar\\'s girlfriend, a rebellious fourteen-year old, who runs away with him. She later becomes a prostitute and a heroin addict.\n- Richard - an anarchist and left-wing activist who helps Gemma and Tar find somewhere to live. He is in his twenties.\n- Vonny - eighteen-year old anarchist who lives with Richard and Jerry, who ultimately helps Gemma along the path to rehabilitation.\n- Jerry - boyfriend of Vonny, lives with Richard and Vonny in the squat.\n- Lily - a fifteen-year old heroin addict who takes a liking to Gemma. She grew up in the care system and it is hinted that she, too, suffered abuse.\n- Rob - sixteen-year old addict boyfriend of Lily. He has had a transient upbringing.\n- Sally - a good friend of Lily and Rob, also addicted to heroin.\n- Mr.\u00a0and Mrs Brogan - Gemma\\'s parents\n- Mr.\u00a0and Mrs Lawson - Tar\\'s parents\n- Skolly - a tobacconist who introduces Tar to Richard. He later pays for sexual services from Gemma, although he does not realise who she is.\n*Junk* has been adapted for the theatre by John Retallack (published by Methuen ). It was also made into a television drama in 1999, as part of the BBC\\'s *Scene* series for teenagers.\n*Junk* also been revised as of 2003, with the new title of *Smack*, and it is often used as a thesis basis for drama (GCSE and A level) examinations.\n- *Trainspotting*, a 1993 novel\n- *Trainspotting*, a 1996 film\n- Homelessness in England","parent_id":"298b83e5d3bc673be9c6","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8e907d1603b047c53e37:0","document_content":"# Consuelo (novel)\n***Consuelo*** is a novel by George Sand, first published serially in 1842-1843 in *La Revue ind\u00e9pendante*, a periodical founded in 1841 by Sand, Pierre Leroux and Louis Viardot. According to *The Nuttall Encyclop\u00e6dia*, it is \\\"Sand\\'s masterpiece; the impersonation of the triumph of moral purity over manifold temptations.\\\"\nThe character of Consuelo was supposedly modeled after Louis Viardot\\'s wife, the soprano Pauline Viardot. Pauline Viardot was a good friend of both Sand\\'s and of her lover, Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Chopin.\nPauline Viardot, the supposed inspiration for Consuelo\n\u00abOui, oui, Mesdemoiselles, hochez la t\u00eate tant qu\\'il vous plaira; la plus sage et la meilleure d\\'entre vous, c\\'est \\... Mais je ne veux pas le dire; car c\\'est la seule de ma classe qui ait de la modestie, et je craindrais, en la nommant, de lui faire perdre \u00e0 l\\'instant m\u00eame cette rare vertu que je vous souhaite.... \u00bb\n\\\"Go on then, young ladies, shake your heads at me, but I\\'ll tell you this\\... the best behaved and the cleverest girl among you is\\... --- no, I won\\'t tell you who, because she is the only one of my class who has any modesty. I am afraid that if I pointed her out here, she would instantly lose that rare virtue. It is one that I wish the rest of you had more of\\...\\\" ---","parent_id":"8e907d1603b047c53e37","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8e907d1603b047c53e37:1","document_content":"# Consuelo (novel)\nConsuelo is a Spanish girl abandoned in Italy whose voice attracts the old maestro Porpora. Through him she is presented to Count Zustiniani. The latter, after her successful d\u00e9but on the stage, falls in love with her, but is repulsed. When her early lover Angoletto forgets her, Consuelo is sent by Porpora to the home of a German family in Bohemia. Her entrance into this household prepares the way for the sequel, *La Comtesse de Rudolstadt* (1843).\nThrough all these adventures, Consuelo becomes an untouchable figure of the European artistic landscape of the eighteenth century thanks to the music and the support of her master, the Porpora. The two volumes, *Consuelo* et *La comtesse de Rudolstadt* were edited separately but constitute a single work. Consuelo\\'s adventures continue in *La comtesse de Rudolstadt* where they take a more philosophical and esoteric dimension.\nAfter the death of George Sand, numerous of her novels disappear into oblivion and her work was quickly reduced to a handful of so-called \u00abcountry\u00bb novels such as La Mare au diable or La Petite Fadette. However, from the 1960s to the 1970s, the rest of Sand\\'s work began to be rediscovered through critical editions, colloquia and scholarly studies. Consuelo is rehabilitated and recognized as one of her masterpieces.\nTwo operas are based on this novel:\n- *Consuelo* by Alfonso Rendano (1888)\n- *Consuelo* by Giacomo Orefice (1895)","parent_id":"8e907d1603b047c53e37","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e2f78494d21af285e38c:0","document_content":"# Chander Pahar\n***Chander Pahar*** () is a Bengali adventure novel written by Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay and published in 1937. The novel follows the adventures of a young Bengali man in the forests of Africa. The novel is one of the most-loved adventure novels in the Bengali literature and is one of Bibhutibhushan\\'s most popular works. It spawned a media franchise.\nShankar facing a lion.\nThis novel tells the story of an ordinary young Bengali man, Shankar Ray Choudhuri, as he adventures in Africa in the years 1909 and 1910. After graduating from college at 20-years-old, his family\\'s financial struggles almost force him take a job in a jute mill in Shyamnagar --- a prospect he absolutely loathes.\nShankar loves the subject of geography, he wants to follow the footsteps of renowned explorers like Livingstone, Mungo Park, and Marco Polo. He wants to explore the wilderness, passionate for learning about African forests and animals. By a stroke of luck, he gets a job as a clerk at the Uganda Railway and rushes to Africa without a second thought.\nAfter a few months laying rail tracks, he encounters the first of many dangers in pre-World War I Africa: a man-eating lion. Later, he takes up a job as station-master in a desolate station amidst the Veldts, where he narrowly escapes a deadly black mamba. While at this post, Shankar encounters, rescues and nurses Diego Alvarez, a middle-age Portuguese explorer and gold\/diamond prospector. Alvarez\\'s arrival becomes a turning point in Shankar\\'s life.\nWhile recovering, Alvarez describes his exploits in Africa with his friend Jim Carter. He explains that, lured by the prospect of a priceless yellow diamond from a Kaafi village chief, Alvarez and Carter searched for these yellow diamond caves, on the Mountain of the Moon (Chander Pahar) in the Richtersveld. Rumors suggested a mythical monster, the Bunyip, guards the mine. The explorers set off into the dense jungle, much against the villagers\\' advice, and Carter was gruesomely killed, supposedly by the Bunyip.","parent_id":"e2f78494d21af285e38c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e2f78494d21af285e38c:1","document_content":"# Chander Pahar\nShankar, inspired by Alvarez\\'s exploits, resigns from his job and accompanies Alvarez to venture again for the mines. They meet hardships, like a racist gambler, legends about Dingonek the monster and later, a raging volcano. Eventually, they get lost in the forests where Alvarez is killed by the Bunyip. Demoralised, Shankar tries to return to civilization. He finds the Bunyip\\'s cave and the diamond mines by accident. Almost getting lost, he finds the remains of the Italian explorer, Attilio Gatti, and learns that the cave is in fact the diamond mine.\nLeaving, he becomes lost in the deserts of Kalahari and nearly dies of thirst. Fortunately, he is rescued by a survey team and taken to a hospital in Salisbury, Rhodesia, from where he sets sail for home. Before going back, he writes his account in a newspaper, earning him money. He names the volcano after Alvarez. He ends the book saying that he will return to the cave one day with a large team, and continue the legacy of Alvarez, Carter, and Gatti.\n- Shankar Ray Choudhuri --- The main protagonist, a young man from a village in Bengal. He is a smart, brave person who has a penchant for adventures.\n- Diego Alvarez --- A Portuguese explorer. He is a friend and mentor to Shankar, and together they explore the deepest reaches of Richtersveld for the Mountain of the Moon.\n- Jim Carter --- A British explorer who was Alvarez\\'s companion in his previous expedition. Alvarez revealed to Shankar that Carter was killed by the Bunyip while he and Carter were exploring the Mountains of the Moon.\n- Attilio Gatti --- An Italian explorer. He discovered the diamond mine caves in *c.* 1879 but dies in a cave (later discovered by Shankar) on his way back, at the hands of his traitorous followers.\n- Prasad Das Bandyopadhyay\n- Tirumal Appa\n- Shankar\\'s mother\n- Shankar\\'s father","parent_id":"e2f78494d21af285e38c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e2f78494d21af285e38c:2","document_content":"# Chander Pahar\n### Films\n- A film based on the novel, named *Chander Pahar* directed by Kamaleshwar Mukherjee was released on 20 December 2013 (27 December 2013 in all over India). The film, joyfully received by critics and the Bengali audience, was produced by Shree Venkatesh Films and has been shot on locations across Africa. It was reportedly being made with a budget of nearly , making it one of the most expensive in the Bengali film industry.\nDirector Kamaleshwar Mukherjee mentioned *Chander Pahar* as his \\\"Dream Project\\\". The film has reportedly incorporated CGI and visual effects at par with Hollywood and Bollywood standards. Dev plays the role of the main protagonist, Shankar. Most of the other cast members are from South Africa. According to the crew members, it took a considerable time to decide who would play the role of Diego Alvarez, and South African actor G\u00e9rard Rudolf was selected. The first theatrical trailer of the film was released by Shree Venkatesh Films, at the Kolkata Nicco Park on 14 November 2013.\nShooting locations include Kruger National Park, the mountains of Drakensberg, and the deserts of Kalahari.\n- A sequel film *Amazon Obhijaan* also directed by Kamaleshwar Mukherjee and starring Dev, was released in 2017. The film is based on the characters of *Chander Pahar* created by Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay.\n\n### Graphic novels\n- *Moon Mountain* is a 2014 Graphic novel adapted from Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay\\'s classic *Chander Pahar*. The graphic novel is published by Penguin Books India, has its script written by Saurav Mohapatra with illustrations by Sayan Mukherjee\n<!-- -->\n- Another graphic novel named *Amazon Obhijaan* released as a promotional activity of the film of same name, written by films director Kamaleshwar Mukherjee.","parent_id":"e2f78494d21af285e38c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e2f78494d21af285e38c:3","document_content":"# Chander Pahar\n### Graphic novels\nInspired by Shankar\\'s character in *Chander Pahar* Bengali adventurer Anindya Mukhopadhyay took an expedition to explore the \\\"Chander Pahar\\\" or \\\"Mountain of the Moon\\\" in Africa, which inspired Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay to write the novel, and he finds the real \\\"Mountain of the Moon\\\" is Rwenzori Mountains. Anindya Mukhopadhyay travelled the mountain and have written a book called *Abar Chander Pahar*, where he explained about his journey to Rwenzori Mountains.\n- Writer Partha De has written two of the novels featuring Shanhar as the protagonist. Name of those novels are - *Chander Upatyaka* and *Rajhangsir Sarobar*. In both novel another character Prasad Das Bandyopadhyay from the original novel also featured along with Shankar Roy Chowdhury. Later in 2017, two of the novels were published in a collection book named *Chander Upatyaka* by Prativas Prakashan.\n<!-- -->\n- - ***Chander Upatyaka*** - Prasad Das Bandyopadhyay is now at Brazil and doing rubber business. Where Shankar was called by him to take a part in that business. Soon Shankar finds that he has been called here for a different reason. He learns, the treasure of last Inca king Atahualpa was hidden somewhere in Amazon. He tries to explore the place.\n  - ***Rajhangsir Sarobar*** - Prasad Das Bandyopadhyay is now at Russian jail. A mysterious lady invites Shankar to Russia to hel Prasad Das. After arriving Russia Shankar gets involved into a conspiracy, which might led to a worldwide devastation.\n- Shankar Ray Choudhuri\n- Diego Alvarez","parent_id":"e2f78494d21af285e38c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"630106e1b5400f47e5e6:0","document_content":"# HaJaBaRaLa\n***HaJaBaRaLa*** (), or ***HJBRL: A Nonsense Story***, is a children\\'s novella by Sukumar Ray. *Ha Ja Ba Ra La* is considered one of the best nonsense stories of Bengali literature. To highlight its genre, artistic merit and style, it is frequently compared to *Alice In Wonderland.*\nThe story starts with a child, the narrator, suddenly waking up from sleep and finding that the handkerchief they had placed just beside them before sleeping has turned into a cat. The child starts talking to the cat, who speaks nonsensically about a handkerchief before disappearing over the hedge. Then the child finds Kakeshwar doing mathematical calculations on a slate, that appears very unusual to the narrator. This includes multiplication that is purely illogical and fallacious. After arguing over math, a goat appears and narrates his life about eating paper and other artificial things. Hijibijbij appears and laughs hysterically at improbable situations and keeps changing his mind about the names of his family members. Then many animals appear, and confusion results. The child wakes up from their odd dream and finds the cat, which does not talk.\nMost of the characters have found idiomatic usage in Bengali language, which is true for many of Ray\\'s works.\nSome of the main characters are:\nShree Kakkeshwar kuchkuche (): A raven\/crow who wears a clerk\\'s green eyeshade while performing mathematics.\n<!-- -->\nGechhodada (): A character that is only alluded to by the cat but never appears in the story. he is completely unpredictable, and according to the cat, can only be found solving a very complicated, irrational and nonsensical mathematics, which depends on many probabilities about where Gechodada can be that moment.\n<!-- -->","parent_id":"630106e1b5400f47e5e6","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"630106e1b5400f47e5e6:1","document_content":"# HaJaBaRaLa\nHeejibeejbeej ():A person who imagines very improbable situations and laughs at them.\\\nSheyal : The fox and the advocate against Kumir\\\nByakaran Shing BA Khadyabisharad ():A goat who delivers academic lectures on non-academic subjects, such as what goats do not eat.\\\nPyancha : The owl judge in the court\\\nUdhho and Budhho (): dwarf-like creatures who are fighting one moment and hugging the next. The phrase \\\"Udhor pindi Budhor ghare\\\", meaning (but not literally translated to) \\\"the shoe is on the other foot\\\", has become a very common idiom.\\\nShojaru : A porcupine who makes a court case for insult\\\nKumir : A crocodile, the advocate of Shojaru\\\nBeraal: A nonsense cat who speaks about nonsense things like gechodada (grandpa tree) and other people.\\\nNera (): A person who has no hair. He loves to sing nonsense songs.\\\nGechhoboudi : Who dos not appear in the story but is the wife of gechhodada who cooks\\\nMejomama : Maternal uncle who finds everything about the story nonsense.","parent_id":"630106e1b5400f47e5e6","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8e1a027a2d46c44434c9:0","document_content":"# The Ice People (Barjavel novel)\nFirst edition\n***The Ice People*** () is a 1968 French science fiction novel by Ren\u00e9 Barjavel.\nZoran\\'s Equation\nWhen a French expedition in Antarctica reveals the ruins of a 900,000-year-old civilization, scientists from all over the world flock to the site to help explore and understand. The entire planet watches via global satellite television, mesmerized, as the explorers uncover a chamber in which a man and a woman have been in suspended animation since, as the French title suggests, \\\"the night of time\\\". The woman, El\u00e9a, is awakened, and through a translating machine she tells the story of her world, herself and her man Pa\u00efkan, and how war destroyed her civilization. She also hints at an incredibly advanced knowledge that her still-dormant companion possesses. The man she says was frozen with her, a scientist, Coban, was the main source of interpretation of this knowledge, knowledge that could give energy and food to all humans at no cost. She hates him for having separated her from her lover Pa\u00efkan. The superpowers of the world are not ready to let El\u00e9a\\'s secrets spread, and show that, 900,000 years and an apocalypse later, mankind has not grown up and is ready to make the same mistakes again. Thus, the international team of scientists works under the constant fear of sabotage, a fear that eventually is fulfilled when one of the scientists kills one of his comrades and commits suicide.\nThe scientists then decide to wake up the man, Coban, who could personally deliver the knowledge they seek. He would require a blood transfusion, but El\u00e9a, the only living donor for his blood type, poisons herself to kill the man she hates and then die. She had, however, been replaying her actual memories of her last days prior to the freeze, to the scientists, and she was not aware that just as she was put under anesthesia for the freeze process, her mind was recording events around her that she was not conscious of, and at the last minute, her lover had confronted the scientist Coban, killed him, and taken his place. The man she had just poisoned with her dying blood was in fact her lover, for she had not seen the body for the whole of the book, and no one could have known the body was his. She dies before the scientists could tell her her tragic mistake, at the same moment her lover dies. All recordings and engravings of the advanced knowledge are either destroyed or now completely uninterpretable, and mankind loses this knowledge again.\nThe novel ends with Dr Simon going back to France, heartbroken, ignoring the cries of war and the world youth\\'s demonstrations.","parent_id":"8e1a027a2d46c44434c9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8e1a027a2d46c44434c9:1","document_content":"# The Ice People (Barjavel novel)\n*\\\"\\\"*\n\\\"They\\'re here! They\\'re us! They repopulated the world, and they\\'re just as dumb as before, and ready to blow up the house again. Isn\\'t it great? It\\'s man.\\\"\nThis novel was first published in 1968 by .\nIt was translated into English by C. L. Markham and a number of companies published *The Ice People* in the early 1970s. The English edition bears a dedication to Andre Cayatte, with whom Barjavel had worked on film, and who he credits as both the begetter of and the inspiration for the story.\nAlso translated into Afrikaans by Rina Scheiflinger (1971) as \\\"Nag van die tyd\\\" (*the Night of time*).\nThe novel appears to have been inspired by one of the last groundbreaking works of Henry Rider Haggard, *When the World Shook* (1919). There are several similarities between the stories: a couple that is found in suspended animation with both, female and male, being survivors of ancient lost civilizations that possessed great technological advancements superior to the current stage of our world Both novels fit within the literary genre of Lost World stories.\nErle Cox\\'s 1925 novel *Out of the Silence* has also been cited as a possible influence on Barjavel. Cox\\'s story also deals with the discovery of a sphere preserving the knowledge of a vanished, prehistoric civilization with advanced technology, one man and one woman being preserved in suspended animation; the woman alone is awakened, but dies at the end of the story; the knowledge of the ancient civilization is lost.\nThe novel portrays momentous youth\/student protests in both the antediluvian and modern storylines. Barjavel was writing in the context of political unrest, especially among the youth of France, that led to mass protests that year similar to those depicted in the novel, see Protests of 1968 and May 1968 in France.\nThe novel also draws on myths such as the Sleeping Beauty, and the love that lasts beyond death, as in the legend of Tristan and Iseult.\n- Gondwana, the real world analog of a fictional continent, Gondawa, in the previous tectonic arrangement of the world\n- 1968 in literature","parent_id":"8e1a027a2d46c44434c9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6b23cd06808f37870b2f:0","document_content":"# Une rose au paradis\nFirst edition(publ. Presses de la Cit\u00e9)\n***Une rose au paradis*** is a science-fiction novel written by Ren\u00e9 Barjavel, and first published in 1981.\nBuried far beneath what used to be Paris, the last members of the human race live in an automated shelter. They are Mr.\u00a0and Mrs.\u00a0Jonas, their twin teenage children Jim and Jil, and Mr.\u00a0G\u00e9, who is directly responsible for setting the bombs that entirely destroyed the surface of the planet and at the same time for saving the Jonas family, whom he hopes will repopulate the world once it is safe to go out. But innocent games lead the twins to unwittingly start the repopulation right then and there, putting in jeopardy the delicate air exchanges balance of the shelter. There are now too many people in the shelter, and Mrs.\u00a0Jonas\\' family instincts activate - she pushes Mr G\u00e9 into \\'the hole\\', where everything from food remains to clothes are processed and recycled.\nDoing so, she accelerates the events so that soon there is only one choice left - die in the shelter, or try to reach the surface and hope the lethal radiations of the bombs have faded.\nAnother exploration of the themes of global destruction \/ salvation of a few number of people in a buried shelter as seen in *La Nuit des temps* and *Le diable l\\'emporte*. Also, return of Mr.\u00a0G\u00e9, who was the same kind of all-powerful, ultra-rich visionary in *Le diable l\\'emporte*.\nFirst published in 1981 by Les Presses de la Cit\u00e9.","parent_id":"6b23cd06808f37870b2f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"11262b03475f2b1fafb9:0","document_content":"# Manchild in the Promised Land\n***Manchild in the Promised Land*** is a 1965 autobiographical novel written by Claude Brown. It chronicles the author\\'s coming-of-age story amidst poverty and violence in Harlem during the 1940s and 1950s. Published at the height of the civil rights movement, the book reached far beyond the traditional literary world, drawing new attention to the lives of those living in urban environments. It has sold more than 4 million copies and has been translated into 14 languages.\nThe *New York Times* praised the book, saying that it is \\\"written in brutal and unvarnished honesty in the plain talk of the people, in language that is fierce, uproarious, obscene and tender, but always sensible and direct. And to its enormous credit, this youthful autobiography gives us its devastating portrait of life without one cry of self-pity, outrage or malice, with no caustic sermons or searing rhetoric.\\\" A less favorable review in *Commentary* said, \\\"In the early, swiftly-moving vignettes of life in Harlem, Brown is attracted by energy, resourcefulness, pride, style, toughness, the lore and the traits of the hipsters who make it to the top in Harlem. This is largely what he talks about. The boy he shows us is proud of the amount of trouble he can get into, and is well aware that most adults have sadly withdrawn from life. He is not so concerned with hardship, then, as with the resources of youthful pride and vitality in the face of it.\\\"\nThe book has appeared on banned book lists for offensive language and violence but is celebrated by critics for its realism.\n- 1965 in literature\n- List of banned books","parent_id":"11262b03475f2b1fafb9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"0dc2d7940b71a1008f5b:0","document_content":"# The Rosy Crucifixion\n***The Rosy Crucifixion***, a trilogy consisting of *Sexus*, *Plexus*, and *Nexus*, is a fictionalized account documenting the six-year period of Henry Miller\\'s life in Brooklyn as he falls for his second wife June and struggles to become a writer, leading up to his initial departure for Paris in 1928. The title comes from a sentence near the end of Miller\\'s *Tropic of Capricorn*: \\\"All my Calvaries were rosy crucifixions, pseudo-tragedies to keep the fires of hell burning brightly for the real sinners who are in danger of being forgotten.\\\"\n***Sexus*** (1949), the first volume, describes the break-up of Miller\\'s first marriage to Maude as he meets, falls in love with and marries his second wife, the captivating and mysterious dancer Mona (June). All the while, he feels guilty for leaving Maude, and becomes more attracted to her following their divorce. At the beginning of *Sexus*, Miller is 33 years old. June is at first called Mara, but at the beginning of chapter 8, and for the remainder of the trilogy, her name is changed to Mona. Miller states that this is under the influence of his friend Dr.\u00a0Kronski, and that the name change accompanied \\\"other, more significant changes.\\\" She is one who has changed many details of her life: \\\"her name, her birthplace, her mother, her upbringing, her friends, her tastes, even her desires.\\\"\nThe *New York Times* stated, \\\"Miller uses licentious sex scenes to set the stage for his philosophical discussions of self, love, marriage and happiness.\\\"","parent_id":"0dc2d7940b71a1008f5b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"0dc2d7940b71a1008f5b:1","document_content":"# The Rosy Crucifixion\nMiller said that, in a burst of inspiration one night in 1927, he stayed up all night plotting out *Tropic of Capricorn* (1939) and *The Rosy Crucifixion* in forty or fifty typewritten pages. He began writing *Sexus* in New York in 1942, then set it aside until picking it back up in 1947 while living in Big Sur. It was first put out in Paris as two volumes by Obelisk Press in 1949. It created a big stir, and was banned the following year, with the publisher fined and given a prison sentence.\n***Plexus**\\'\\' (1953), the second volume, continues with the story of Miller\\'s marriage to Mona, and covers Miller\\'s attempts to become a writer after leaving his job at the Cosmodemonic Telegraph Company. It was first published in English in 1953 by Olympia Press as a two-volume set.\nIn***Nexus**\\'\\' (1959), the final installment, Miller finds himself an outsider in his own marriage, as Mona\\'s relationship with Anastasia (Jean Kronski) grows, with the pair finally abandoning Miller to travel to Paris. After Mona\\'s return on her own, the trilogy ends with Miller and his wife departing for Paris.\nMiller had in mind to write a second volume of *Nexus*, and made several attempts to complete it. It would have covered his time in France with Mona, their return to New York, and his return to Paris on his own, concluding with him writing the opening lines of *Tropic of Cancer* at 18 Villa Seurat. He made several attempts to write the book before ultimately abandoning the undertaking. A rough draft of the abandoned novel, ***Paris 1928 (Nexus II)***, an account of his 1928 trip to Paris with Mona, was first published in English in 2012.\nThe three books in the trilogy were initially banned in the United States, published only in France and Japan. Their American publication followed the U.S. Supreme Court\\'s 1964 decision that the also-banned *Tropic of Cancer* was a work of literature and therefore should not be banned.","parent_id":"0dc2d7940b71a1008f5b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"0dc2d7940b71a1008f5b:2","document_content":"# The Rosy Crucifixion\nMiller was concerned about the publication of *Sexus* in the US. He felt that it was possible that his ex-wife Beatrice, the model for Maude, would bring a lawsuit for her portrayal in the novel. Despite Miller\\'s reservations, all three volumes of *The Rosy Crucifixion* were published by Grove Press in the US in the summer of 1965. They soon were holding the top spots on the *Publishers Weekly* best-seller list along with two more of Miller\\'s books, the recently unbanned *The World of Sex* and *Quiet Days in Clichy*.\nMiller\\'s close friend, author Lawrence Durrell, was severely disappointed in *Sexus*. In a letter dated September 5, 1949, he wrote that Miller was lost \\\"in this shower of lavatory filth which no longer seems tonic and bracing, but just excrementitious and sad.\\\"\n\\\"I am trying to reproduce in words a block of my life which to me has the utmost significance -- every bit of it,\\\" Miller responded. \\\"Since 1927 I have carried inside me the material of this book. Do you suppose it\\'s possible that I could have a miscarriage after such a period of gestation? \\... But Larry, I can never go back on what I\\'ve written. If it was not good, it was true; if it was not artistic, it was sincere; if it was in bad taste, it was on the side of life.\\\"\n- *Le Monde* 100 Books of the Century","parent_id":"0dc2d7940b71a1008f5b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6770211feacc19d80684:0","document_content":"# Cider with Rosie\n***Cider with Rosie*** is a 1959 book by Laurie Lee (published in the US as ***Edge of Day: Boyhood in the West of England***, 1960). It is the first book of a trilogy that continues with *As I Walked Out One Midsummer Morning* (1969) and *A Moment of War* (1991). It has sold over six million copies worldwide.\nThe novel is an account of Lee\\'s childhood in the village of Slad, Gloucestershire, England, in the period soon after the First World War. It chronicles the traditional village life which disappeared with the advent of new developments, such as the coming of the motor car, and relates the experiences of childhood seen from many years later. The identity of Rosie was revealed years later to be Lee\\'s distant cousin Rosalind Buckland.\nRather than follow strict chronological order, Lee divided the book into thematic chapters, as follows:\n- *First Light* describes Laurie arriving with his mother and the rest of the family at a cottage in the Cotswolds village of Slad, Gloucestershire. The children gorge themselves on berries and bread as their harassed mother tries to get the cottage and the furniture into some kind of order. The house relies on a small wood-fire for the cooking and a hand pump in the scullery for its water. They are visited by a man in uniform who is sleeping out in the surrounding woods -- he visits them in the mornings for food and to dry out his damp clothes. He is finally taken off by men in uniform as a deserter. The chapter ends with the villagers riotously celebrating the end of the Great War.\n- *First Names* describes Laurie still sleeping in his mother\\'s bed until he is forced out of it by his younger brother, Tony, and made to sleep with the two elder boys. As he grows older, he starts to recognise the villagers as individuals: Cabbage-Stump Charlie, the local bruiser; Albert the Devil, a deaf mute beggar; and Percy-from-Painswick, a clown and ragged dandy who likes to seduce the girls with his soft tongue. Owing to its location, the cottage is in the path of the floods that flow into the valley, and Laurie and his family have to go outside to clear the storm drain every time there is a heavy downpour, though even this sometimes fails to stop the sludge despoiling their kitchen.\n- *Village School*","parent_id":"6770211feacc19d80684","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6770211feacc19d80684:1","document_content":"# Cider with Rosie\n: The female teacher is called Crabby B, owing to her predilection for suddenly hitting out at the boys for no apparent reason. However, she meets her match in Spadge Hopkins, a burly local farmer\\'s boy, who leaves the classroom one day after placing her on top of one of the cupboards. She is replaced by Miss Wardley from Birmingham, who \\\"wore sharp glass jewellery\\\" and imposes discipline that is \\\"looser but stronger\\\".\n- *The Kitchen* This chapter describes the Lees\\' domestic life. At the beginning Lee makes a reference to his father, who had abandoned them, saying that he and his brothers never knew any male authority. After working in the Army Pay Corps their father entered the Civil Service and settled in London for good. As Lee says,\n: Lee describes each member of the family and their daily routine, his sisters going off to work in shops or at looms in Stroud, and the younger boys trying to avoid their mother\\'s chores. In the evenings the whole family sits around the big kitchen table, the girls gossiping and sewing as the boys do their homework and the eldest son, Harold, who is working as a lathe handler, mends his bicycle.","parent_id":"6770211feacc19d80684","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6770211feacc19d80684:2","document_content":"# Cider with Rosie\n- *Grannies in the Wainscot* describes the two old women who were the Lees\\' neighbours, Granny Trill and Granny Wallon, who were permanently at war with each other. Granny Wallon, or \\'Er-Down-Under, spends her days gathering the fruits of the surrounding countryside and turning them into wines that, over the course of a year, slowly ferment in their bottles. Granny Trill, or \\'Er-Up-Atop, spends her days combing her hair and reading her almanacs. As a young girl she had lived with her father, a woodsman, and she still seeks comfort in the forest. The two old women arrange everything so that they never meet, shopping on different days, using different paths down the bank to their homes, and continuously rapping on their floors and ceilings. One day Granny Trill is taken ill and quickly fades away. She is soon followed by Granny Wallon, who loses her will to live.\n- *Public Death, Private Murder* describes the murder of a villager made good who returns from New Zealand to visit his family, boasts about his wealth and flaunts it in the local pub. The police try to find his attackers but are met by a wall of silence, and the case is never closed.\n- *Mother* is Lee\\'s tribute to his mother, Annie (n\u00e9e Light). Having been forced to leave school early because of her mother\\'s death, and the need to look after her brothers and father, she then went into domestic service, working as a maid in various large houses. Having left to work for her father in his pub, The Plough, she then answered an advertisement, \\\"Widower (four children) Seeks Housekeeper\\\" and met the man who became Lee\\'s father. After four happy years together, and three more children, he abandoned them. Lee describes his mother as having a love for everything and an extraordinary ability with plants, being able to grow anything anywhere. As he says,\n<!-- -->","parent_id":"6770211feacc19d80684","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6770211feacc19d80684:3","document_content":"# Cider with Rosie\n- *Winter and Summer* describes the two seasons affecting the village and its inhabitants. During one particularly cold winter the village boys go foraging with old cocoa-tins stuffed with burning rags to keep their mittenless hands warm. The week before Christmas the church choir goes carol-singing, which involves a five-mile tramp through deep snow. Calls at the homes of the squire, the doctor, the merchants, the farmers and the mayor soon fill their wooden box with coins as they light their way home with candles in jamjars. In contrast, the long hot summer days are spent outdoors in the fields, followed by games of \\\"Whistle-or-\\'Oller-Or-We-shall-not-foller\\\" at night.\n- *Sick Boy* is an account of the various illnesses Lee suffered as a young boy, some of which brought him to the brink of death. He also writes about the death of his four-year-old sister Frances, who died unexpectedly when Lee was an infant.\n- *The Uncles* is a vivid description of his mother\\'s brothers, his uncles Charlie, Ray, Sid and Tom. All of them fought as cavalrymen in the Great War and then settled back on the land, though Ray emigrated to Canada to work on the transcontinental railway, the Canadian Pacific, before returning home.\n- *Outings and Festivals* is devoted to the annual village jaunts and events. Peace Day in 1919 is a colourful affair, the procession ending up at the squire\\'s house, where he and his elderly mother make speeches. The family also makes a four-mile hike to Sheepscombe to visit their grandfather and Uncle Charlie and his family. There is also a village outing on charabancs to Weston-super-Mare where the women sunbathe on the beach, the men disappear down the side-streets into pubs and the children amuse themselves in the arcade on the pier, playing the penny machines. There is also the Parochial Church Tea and Annual Entertainment, to which Laurie and his brother Jack gain free admittance for helping with the arrangements. They finally get to gorge themselves on the food laid out on the trestle-tables in the schoolhouse and Laurie plays his fiddle accompanied by Eileen on the piano to raucous applause.\n- *First Bite at the Apple* describes the growth of the boys into young adolescents and the first pangs of love. Lee states that \\\"quiet incest flourished where the roads were bad\\\", and states that the village neither approved nor disapproved, but neither did it complain to authority. Lee is seduced by Rosie Burdock underneath a haywagon after drinking cider from a flagon:","parent_id":"6770211feacc19d80684","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6770211feacc19d80684:4","document_content":"# Cider with Rosie\n: There is also a plan among half a dozen of the boys to rape Lizzy Berkeley, a fat 16-year-old who writes religious messages on trees in the wood, on the way back from church. They wait for her one Sunday morning in Brith Wood, but when Bill and Boney accost her she slaps them twice and they lose courage, allowing her to run away down the hill. Lee says that Rosie eventually married a soldier, while Jo, his young first love, grew fat with a Painswick baker and lusty Bet, another of his sweethearts, went to breed in Australia.\n- *Last Days* describes the gradual breaking up of the village community with the appearance of motor cars and bicycles. The death of the squire coincides with the death of the church\\'s influence over its younger parishioners, while the old people just drop away:\n: Lee\\'s own family breaks up as the girls are courted by young men arriving on motorcycles. This marks the end of Lee\\'s rural idyll and his emergence into the wider world.\n<!-- -->\n: This is also the time when Laurie Lee experiences the first stirrings of poetry welling up inside him.\n*Cider with Rosie* was dramatised for television by the BBC on 25 December 1971, with *Country Life* later commenting that Hugh Whitemore\\'s script was \\\"rendered into a beguiling, sunny fantasy under Claude Whatham\\'s softly focused direction.\\\" Music was by Wilfred Josephs, and Rosemary Leach was nominated for the British Academy Television Award for Best Actress for her roles as Lee\\'s mother and as Helen in *The Mosedale Horseshoe*. Also in the 1970s, the book was turned into a stage play by James Roose-Evans. It was performed in the West End and later at the Theatre Royal, Bury St Edmunds, and at the Phoenix Arts Theatre, Leicester, with Greta Scacchi.\nIn 1998, not long after the death of Laurie Lee, Carlton Television made the film *Cider with Rosie* for the ITV network, with a screenplay by John Mortimer and with archive recordings of Laurie Lee\\'s voice used as narration. The film starred Juliet Stevenson and was first broadcast on 27 December 1998.","parent_id":"6770211feacc19d80684","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6770211feacc19d80684:5","document_content":"# Cider with Rosie\nThe book was also adapted for BBC Radio 4 in 2010. There was a second BBC Television production for BBC One, directed by Philippa Lowthorpe, with Samantha Morton as Annie Lee, Timothy Spall as the voice of Laurie Lee, and Annette Crosbie in the cast, which aired on 27 September 2015.\n- *Cider with Rosie*, Laurie Lee, Penguin Books, 1959,\n- *Cider with Rosie*, Laurie Lee, The Hogarth Press, 1959\n- *Cider with Rosie*, Laurie Lee, David R. Godine, Publisher, 2008,\nA racehorse was registered with the name *Cider with Rosie* in 1968 and won some races in the 1970s, including the Cesarewitch of 1972.","parent_id":"6770211feacc19d80684","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"54763e5c09dd22a2a168:0","document_content":"# Clochemerle\n***Clochemerle***, published in the United States as *The Scandals of Clochemerle*, is a French satirical novel by Gabriel Chevallier (1895--1969) first published in 1934. It centres on personal rivalries and local politics in the fictional village of Clochemerle, inspired by Vaux-en-Beaujolais, in Beaujolais in 1923 and satirises the conflict between Catholics and republicans in the Third Republic. The story concerns a dispute over the construction of a *vespasienne* (public urinals) near the village church. In its satirical portraits of individual inhabitants, it is an example of observational humour.\nThe book received considerable public acclaim and was awarded the Prix Courteline in 1934. The cartoonist Albert Dubout was subsequently commissioned to create an illustrated version. Chevallier subsequently wrote two sequels to the work after the Second World War entitled *Clochemerle Babylone* (1951) and *Clochemerle-les-Bains* (1963). The term *Clochemerle* has entered French as a term to describe \\\"petty, parochial squabbling\\\". The term *clochemerlesque* has similar usage.\n*Clochemerle* has been widely translated into other languages and has inspired numerous dramatisations. Raymond Souplex composed an operetta based on the work in 1944 and a film was produced in 1948. There have been several television series based on the work, notably a 1972 BBC dramatisation.\n- *The Little World of Don Camillo and Peppone* (1948)\n-","parent_id":"54763e5c09dd22a2a168","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e6f15f61f8b65fc11db8:0","document_content":"# A Boy's Own Story\n***A Boy\\'s Own Story*** is a 1982 semi-autobiographical novel by Edmund White.\n*A Boy's Own Story* is the first of a trilogy of novels, describing a boy\\'s coming of age and documenting a young man\\'s experience of homosexuality in the 1950s in Cincinnati, Chicago and Michigan. The trilogy continued with *The Beautiful Room Is Empty* (1988) and *The Farewell Symphony* (1997), which brought the setting up to the 1990s. Although all three share a number of themes and are frequently considered at least partly autobiographical, they do not tell a linear story in the manner of some trilogies, and can be read independently of one another.\nThe story starts when the narrator, aged 15, experiences the physical side of young love with his twelve-year-old friend Kevin O\\'Brien. Although he is the younger boy, Kevin takes the lead in the sexual activity. Kevin\\'s remoteness keeps the relationship one-sided; he forgets all about it once each session is over, whereas the narrator gets more and more worried about his deep feelings. As the book progresses, he starts to have cravings for anal penetration. The encounters between the two adolescents become infrequent and are pushed to the background as the narrator\\'s soul-searching about his homosexuality continues.\nCatherine Stimpson, a reviewer, suggests that *A Boy\\'s Own Story* combines elements of J.D. Salinger\\'s *The Catcher in the Rye* and Oscar Wilde\\'s *De Profundis*.\nPaul Flynn and Matthew Todd call the novel \\\"a touchstone in gay culture just as Christopher Isherwood's *Goodbye to Berlin* was in the 30s, Larry Kramer's *Faggots* in the 70s\\\".","parent_id":"e6f15f61f8b65fc11db8","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1527f94a313378c0d613:0","document_content":"# Makai Tensho\n`is\u00a0a\u00a01967\u00a0historical\u00a0fantasy\u00a0novel\u00a0by\u00a0Futaro\u00a0Yamada.`\nIt is a tale in which Mori S\u014diken resurrects other dead historical figures to overthrow the Shogunate, while Yagy\u016b J\u016bbei Mitsuyoshi rises to fight him and his warriors of the dead.\nThe tale starts in the Tokugawa shogunate when Yui Sh\u014dsetsu meets the old Mori S\u014diken, who, in the story, had survived to the Shimabara rebellion and learned the dark arts of ninpou in order to get his revenge. Knowing they both wish for the dethroning of the sh\u014dgun, Soiken forms an alliance with Shosetsu and reveals a spell devised by him, the Makai Tensho, which can rise dead people as his puppets. They soon gather an undead army of legendary warriors and sorcerers, among them Amakusa Shir\u014d Tokisada, Miyamoto Musashi, and Araki Mataemon, and plan to use their supernatural skills to destroy the shogunate. However, the crown of their army, Yagy\u016b J\u016bbei Mitsuyoshi, breaks free from their control and becomes determined by his own reasons to stop their rebellion before it starts.\nThe roster of the dead varies depending on adaptation, but usually contains Amakusa, Musashi, Yagyu Munenori, and H\u014dz\u014din Inshun. Soiken himself is often left out in adaptations, which tend to have instead Amakusa as the villain mastermind of the story.\n- Yagy\u016b J\u016bbei Mitsuyoshi\n- Mori S\u014diken\n- Amakusa Shir\u014d Tokisada\n- Araki Mataemon\n- Tamiya B\u014dtar\u014d\n- H\u014dz\u014din Inshun\n- Hosokawa Gracia\n- Yagy\u016b Jounsai Toshiyoshi\n- Yagyu Munenori\n- Miyamoto Musashi\n- Yui Sh\u014dsetsu\n- Tokugawa Yorinobu\n- Tokugawa Iemitsu\n\n### Film\n- starring Sonny Chiba, directed by Kinji Fukasaku.\n- directed by Kazumasa Shirai.\n  - directed by Kazumasa Shirai.\n- directed by Hideyuki Hirayama.\n\n### Manga\n- by Ken Ishikawa.\n- by Shinz\u014d Tomi.\n- by Sh\u014dko Toba.\n- by Naoko Kugo.\n- by Masaki Segawa.\n\n### Anime\n- directed by Yasunori Urata.","parent_id":"1527f94a313378c0d613","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1527f94a313378c0d613:1","document_content":"# Makai Tensho\n### Others\n- , a stage play directed by Kinji Fukasaku.\n- , a PS2 video game developed by Tamsoft and published by D3 Publisher.\n- , a stage play directed by G2.\n- , a stage play by the Herohero Q theatrical company.\n- , a stage play produced to commemorate the 65th anniversary of Nippon Television.\n- featured an adaptation of the story, crossed with Dante\\'s *Inferno*, as part of a storyline set in Shim\u014dsa.","parent_id":"1527f94a313378c0d613","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"41a2310edc1892e0e295:0","document_content":"# The Diary of a Drug Fiend\n***The Diary of a Drug Fiend***, published in 1922, was occult writer and mystic Aleister Crowley\\'s first published novel, and is also reportedly the earliest known reference to the Abbey of Thelema in Sicily.\nThe story is widely thought to be based upon Crowley\\'s own drug experiences, despite being written as a fiction. This seems almost conclusively confirmed by Crowley\\'s statement in the novel\\'s preface: \\\"This is a true story. It has been rewritten only so far as was necessary to conceal personalities.\\\" Crowley\\'s own recreational drug use and also his personal struggle with drug addiction, particularly heroin, is well documented. Crowley made a study of drugs and their effects upon the body and mind, experimenting widely on himself. Many of his conclusions are present within this novel. *Diary of a Drug Fiend* encapsulates much of Crowley\\'s core philosophy concerning Thelema and his conception of True Will.\nThe story follows Sir Peter Pendragon a noble, aristocratic World War I veteran pilot who has come into a large inheritance following the death of his paternal uncle. Prior to the war Pendragon had been a medical student, and now finds himself dealing with depression and lacking direction. During a night out he encounters Louise Laleham, a devotee of occultist Basil King Lamus. Pendragon and Laleham quickly fall in love with each other and cocaine. The couple marry soon after meeting then leave for Europe for their honeymoon. While in Europe, they begin using heroin and engage in a drug binge stretching from France to Italy. While in Italy, their luggage and valuables are stolen by a school acquaintance of Pendragon\\'s named Elgin Feccles, whom they had hired as a guide. Soon afterwards they return to England.","parent_id":"41a2310edc1892e0e295","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"41a2310edc1892e0e295:1","document_content":"# The Diary of a Drug Fiend\nBack in England, the protagonists find themselves desperate after their drug supply diminishes due to laws that had been passed during their honeymoon. They move from the Pendragons\\' country estate to a room in a slum house on Greek Street. Their decline in health and financial problems leads to the couple making several unsuccessful attempts to quit heroin. The particulars of their desperate addiction and cravings are documented in realistic detail. During one of their attempts, they move back to their country estate. While there, the couple begins experimenting with magick. Louise is successfully able to communicate with her Holy Guardian Angel Keletiel. Peter\\'s own experiments with magick and quitting heroin do not go as well, and in a moment of frustration he shoots himself in the chest. Louise nurses him back to health, but they soon fall back into a lifestyle of addiction.\nThe couple then moves back to London and engages in another drug binge. Fearing no way out of addiction, they go to a restaurant and plan on killing themselves by drinking Prussic acid. The pair, however, are saved from destruction by Basil King Lamus, who agrees to help them with their addiction. Under Lamus\\' guidance the couple experiences some successes with their battle against addiction. One day, the Pendragons meet with two of their friends, Jabez Platt and Gretel Webster. The former had been behind the laws making cocaine illegal in Great Britain and now wants to buy a cocaine production factory in Switzerland. The latter had been the couple\\'s supplier since their honeymoon.","parent_id":"41a2310edc1892e0e295","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"41a2310edc1892e0e295:2","document_content":"# The Diary of a Drug Fiend\nPeter\\'s initial interest in financing the purchase of the cocaine factory upsets Louise so much that she threatens him with divorce and to leave him for Lamus. Lamus agrees to take Louise away from Peter as he had promised her during her fit of rage and to help her with her addiction, but only on the condition that Peter comes with them. The now unhappy couple and Lamus leave England for an Abbey of Thelema located near the fictional location of Telephylus. Lamus then frees Peter and Louise from their addictions through the use of Magical techniques, aimed at mastering True Will and releasing the individual from sloth, self-destructive impulses and craving. Through self-reflection, Peter discovers that he had turned to drugs and had been generally unhappy because he had not wanted to be a medical doctor; instead, he had wanted to be an aircraft engineer. Louise\\'s True Will is discovered to be helping Peter reach his own True Will by loving him and caring for him.\n\n### Book I: Paradiso\nThe first book is narrated by Peter Pendragon.\n- Chapter I: A Knight Out\n- Chapter II: Over the Top!\n- Chapter III: Phaeton\n- Chapter IV: Au Pays de Cocaine\n- Chapter V: A Heroin Heroine\n- Chapter VI: The Glitter on the Snow\n- Chapter VII: The Wings of the Oof-Bird\n- Chapter VIII: Vedere Napoli e poi-Pro Patria-Mori\n- Chapter IX: The Gatto Fritto\n- Chapter X: The Bubble Bursts\n\n### Book II: Inferno\nThe second book is narrated by Louise Laleham.\n- Chapter I: Short Commons\n- Chapter II: Indian Summer\n- Chapter III: The Grinding of the Brakes\n- Chapter IV: Below the Brutes\n- Chapter V: Towards Madness\n- Chapter VI: Cold Turkey\n- Chapter VII: The Final Plunge\n\n### Book III: Purgatorio\nThe third book is narrated once more by Peter Pendragon.","parent_id":"41a2310edc1892e0e295","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"41a2310edc1892e0e295:3","document_content":"# The Diary of a Drug Fiend\n### Book III: Purgatorio\n- Chapter I: King Lamus Intervenes\n- Chapter II: First Aid\n- Chapter III: The Voice of Virtue\n- Chapter IV: Out of Harms Way\n- Chapter V: At Telephylus\n- Chapter VI: The True Will\n- Chapter VII: Lover under Will\n- Sir Peter Pendragon, K.B.E\n- Louise \\\"Lou\\\" Laleham\n- Basil King Lamus (Based on Aleister Crowley)\n- Gretel Webster\n- Jabez Platt\n- Elgin Feccles\n- Haidee Lamoureux (Based on Jane Cheron)\n- Mabel Black\n- Dr.\u00a0Andrew McCall\n- Maisie Jacobs\n- Lala\n- Hermes\n- Dionysus\n- Sister Athena\n- Sister Cypris (Based on Ninette Shumway)\n- 1922, First edition published in the U.K., hardback\n- 1970, USA, University Books, Inc.\u00a0(Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 75-130401), hardback\n- 1971, USA, Red Wheel\/Weiser Books (), July 1971, hardback\n- 1971, USA, Red Wheel\/Weiser Books (), July 1971, paperback\n- 1981 USA, Samuel Weiser, Inc.\u00a0(0-87728-035-5), 6th printing, paperback\n- 1989, USA, Buccaneer Books (), June 1989, hardback\n<!-- -->\n- Libri of Aleister Crowley\n- Works of Aleister Crowley","parent_id":"41a2310edc1892e0e295","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"43ba3f3fe16ad0631f73:0","document_content":"# Step by Wicked Step\n***Step By Wicked Step*** is a children\\'s novel by Anne Fine, first published in 1995. In the novel five unrelated children talk about their difficulties with their parents\\' being separated and with their stepfamilies. The title makes reference to the fictional tradition of the wicked stepmother.\nFive children on a school trip stay overnight in Old Harwick Hall, a reputedly haunted house. They find the dusty diary of a boy called Richard Clayton Harwick and read that after Richard ran away to sea to escape his stepfather, he returned to an empty house. His mother had died of grief while his sister had also died in childbirth. This sparks a discussion of Richard\\'s actions between the children. The discussion leads to each of them divulging their own family problems.\nClaudia reveals that her parents had divorced after several fights. The \\'scarlet woman\\', a pleasant woman named Stella, tries but fails to win Claudia\\'s approval. However, after a dinner party with her father\\'s friends who also ignore Stella, Claudia realises her mistake and attempts to get them into attention by wearing beautiful green pyjamas bought by Stella in front of the guests, shocking them into politeness.\nColin reveals that his \\'Dad\\' (who was his mother\\'s partner but not his biological father) was left behind by his mother after they had absconded one day. While his mother was frustrated with Jack (Dad)\\'s unemployed state, Colin, who loved him very much, attempted to keep in contact with Jack. Failing to do so, he plans to find him in the future.\nPixie recounts her parents\\' separation and her father\\'s second marriage. She dislikes both her stepsisters. In a quarrel with her stepmother Lucy, Pixie unburdened herself of her grievances. Lucy aired her frustrations as well, and they made up.\nRalph entertains the children with a comical description of his extended step-family, spanning two previous stepmothers and their children, one stepfather and one future stepmother, whom he is infatuated with.\nRobbo\\'s story is about his stepfather, The Beard, and his sister Callie, who cannot get along. This had caused much trouble for the family especially after the birth of stepbrother Dumpa. Callie finally moved in with her father instead.","parent_id":"43ba3f3fe16ad0631f73","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"43ba3f3fe16ad0631f73:1","document_content":"# Step by Wicked Step\nBefore going to bed, the other children secretly place a broken wooden cow made by Richard Harwick into Colin\\'s bag, as a reminder to him to make the best of what he faces.","parent_id":"43ba3f3fe16ad0631f73","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"19536835d811e73b84af:0","document_content":"# Edinburgh (novel)\n***Edinburgh*** is a debut novel by author Alexander Chee. It is a coming-of-age story about a young boy who experiences, and eventually triumphs over, the damage inflicted by a child molester.\nIn the novel, Aphias \\\"Fee\\\" Zhe, a twelve-year-old Korean American boy growing up in Maine, is selected for membership in a boys\\' choir along with Peter, who becomes his best friend and first love. Fee and other boys are molested by the choir director Big Eric Gorendt. Fee is afraid to tell, and doesn\\'t want anyone else to tell, for reasons that are deeper than pure embarrassment or fear. When one boy comes out with the secret, all the boys are revealed as victims as well. This novel explores the horrific mental and emotional damage these boys go through and how they cope with this trauma.\n**Edinburgh** won the Michener\/Copernicus Prize in fiction, the Asian American Writers Workshop Literary Award, the Lambda Editor\\'s Choice Prize, and was named a Best Book of the Year by Publishers Weekly. The *Washington Post* wrote, \\\"A coming-of-age novel in the grand Romantic tradition, where passions run high, Cupid stalks Psyche, and love shares the dance floor with death\\...A lovely, nuanced, never predictable portrait of a creative soul in the throes of becoming.\\\"\nAlexander Chee was a recipient of a 2003 Whiting Writers\\' Award.","parent_id":"19536835d811e73b84af","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"64a05ff5a5b151d94591:0","document_content":"# The Doctor's Wife (Ariyoshi novel)\n***The Doctor\\'s Wife***, known in Japanese as , is a noted novel by Sawako Ariyoshi written in 1966.\nThe partly historical novel is based on the life of noted male physician Hanaoka Seish\u016b. Though much is based on fact, many events were added for dramatic purposes. The novel follows the protagonist, here named Kae, from youth until death. From a young age, she is fascinated with Otsugi, the wife of Hanaoka Naomichi - Otsugi is said to be the most beautiful woman in the Kishu Province. Otsugi requests that Kae be married off to her son Seish\u016b, and Kae\\'s family eventually agrees. From there Kae learns that Otsugi is not the angelic beauty she outwardly displays and they both compete for the affections of Seish\u016b, who is experimenting on animals to develop an anesthetic for surgery. After Otsugi dies, Kae begins to let go of her direct hatred for Otsugi and begins to live her life. She has a conversation with Koriku in which Koriku states that Kae has won the contest for Umpei\\'s love.","parent_id":"64a05ff5a5b151d94591","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a86ded187d0530942478:0","document_content":"# The Peacekeepers\n***The Peacekeepers*** is a 1988 *Star Trek: The Next Generation* novel by Gene DeWeese. It is set at an undetermined point during the series\\' first season.\nThe novel takes place in the 24th century of the Star Trek science fiction universe, based on the then new television\\'s shows\\' characters.\nWhile investigating an alien derelict, Geordi La Forge and Data are sent to a solar system several light-years away by a transporter with interstellar range, to a similar derelict orbiting an Earth-like planet. Once there, they are mistaken for \\\"the Builders\\\", those who the planet\\'s native populace, a culture similar to late-20th-century Earth, believe are the creators of the derelict, which they call the \\\"Repository of the Gifts\\\". One of the natives, Shar-Lon, discovered the Repository some years before and used its \\\"Gifts\\\" (advanced technology) to end planetary wars that were leading to a possible nuclear holocaust. However, Shar-Lon\\'s use of the Gifts since that time has led to a worldwide perception of himself and his supporters, the Peacekeepers, as a suppressive force that has limited the social and technological advancement of their people. Assuming the role of \\\"Builders\\\" in order to assess their situation, La Forge and Data are drawn into the social politics of the Peacekeepers and their world, and must extract themselves from the situation and find a way back to the *Enterprise* without further harming the natives\\' culture and violating the Prime Directive.\n*Star Trek: The Next Generation* was a television show inspired by science fiction show *Star Trek* that aired in the late 1960s; the new show with new characters became the highest rated show in syndication at that time, and won a Peabody award, after it debuted in the fall of 1987.\n- List of Star Trek: The Next Generation novels","parent_id":"a86ded187d0530942478","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"9d1d7dfe5372873c0fe0:0","document_content":"# Diplomatic Immunity (novel)\n***Diplomatic Immunity*** is a 2002 science fiction novel by American writer Lois McMaster Bujold, part of the Vorkosigan Saga. It was nominated for the Nebula Award for Best Novel in 2003.\nMiles and Ekaterin Vorkosigan are enjoying a delayed honeymoon off-world while their first two children are approaching birth in their uterine replicators back on Barrayar. On their way home, Miles receives Emperor Gregor Vorbarra\\'s command to go to Graf Station in Quaddiespace to untangle a diplomatic incident in his capacity as the nearest Imperial Auditor. There, he is unexpectedly reunited with the Betan hermaphrodite Bel Thorne, a trusted former Dendarii Mercenaries subordinate and his good friend.\nQuaddies are the result of genetic manipulation centuries before (as described in Bujold\\'s novel *Falling Free*). Intended to be used as laborers in zero-G, they have extra arms instead of legs. However, the invention of artificial gravity rendered them useless to the corporation that created them. They stole a spaceship to avoid being liquidated and colonized a remote star system. At Graf Station, the Quaddies occupy a zero-G section, while visitors use a section with artificial gravity. Quaddies tend to be suspicious of other humans based on their history of callous exploitation.\nA convoy of Komarran merchant ships are being prevented from leaving the station due to trouble caused by Barrayaran personnel from their military escort. Furthermore, a Barrayaran security officer is missing, possibly murdered or deserted.","parent_id":"9d1d7dfe5372873c0fe0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"9d1d7dfe5372873c0fe0:1","document_content":"# Diplomatic Immunity (novel)\nWhile investigating, Miles uncovers a plot by a high-ranking, renegade, sexless Cetagandan to steal a cargo of extreme importance to the Cetagandans and hide its tracks, if necessary, by framing Barrayar. By the time Miles figures out what is going on, he and Bel have become infected by a highly lethal bioweapon. Miles nearly dies and barely averts an interstellar war between Cetaganda and Barrayar.\nJeff Zaleski, in his *Publishers Weekly* review, praised Bujold\\'s worldbuilding and \\\"witty, character-centered plot\\\".\\\" *Booklist* was mixed in their review saying \\\"though Miles remains clever and debonair throughout, too many early series references needlessly obfuscate a breezy, conventional, albeit deep-space, whodunit.\\\" Paul Brink, in his review for *School Library Journal* called it a \\\"quick read (with) an abundance of plot twists\\\", noting that Bujold \\\"gets the technical details right, but keeps explanations to a minimum\\\".","parent_id":"9d1d7dfe5372873c0fe0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a2cbb15e4780543b9030:0","document_content":"# Matter (novel)\n***Matter*** is a science fiction novel from Iain M. Banks set in his Culture universe. It was published on 25 January 2008.\n*Matter* was a finalist for the 2009 Prometheus Award.\nFrom an interview with *The Guardian* newspaper at the Hay Literary Festival on 25 May 2007:\nBanks tells me that he has spent the past three months writing another Culture novel. It will be called Matter and is to be published next February. \\\"It\\'s a real shelf-breaker,\\\" he says enthusiastically. \\\"It\\'s 204,000 words long and the last 4,000 consist of appendices and glossaries. It\\'s so complicated that even in its complexity it\\'s complex. I\\'m not sure the publishers will go for the appendices, but readers will need them. It\\'s filled with neologisms and characters who disappear for 150 pages and come back, with lots of flashbacks and -forwards. And the story involves different civilizations at different stages of technological evolution. There\\'s even one group who have disappeared up their own fundaments into non-matter-based societies\\\".\nThe working title of Banks\\' earlier novel *The Steep Approach to Garbadale* was also *Matter*.\nThe book follows the experiences of three members of the royal household of the Sarl, a feudal, early-industrial humanoid race living on the eighth level of the Shellworld of Sursamen. Constructed for an unknown purpose by a long-dead race called the Veil, Shellworlds are ancient artificial planets consisting of nested concentric spheres internally lit by tiny thermonuclear \\\"stars\\\". The spheres are inhabited by various primitive races along with progressively more advanced mentoring species, up to the level of what the Sarl call \\\"Optimae.\\\" (The Optimae themselves, particularly the Culture, prefer the term \\\"Involved.\\\") Approximately 4,000 Shellworlds were built, but almost 2,000 were deliberately destroyed, for reasons unknown, by another presumed extinct race, the Iln. Like many Shellwords, the core of Sursamen is known to be inhabited by a mysterious creature called a Xinthian Tensile Aeranothaur, whom the Sarl worship as their \\\"WorldGod.\\\"","parent_id":"a2cbb15e4780543b9030","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a2cbb15e4780543b9030:1","document_content":"# Matter (novel)\nPrince Ferbin, the self-centred heir to the Sarl throne, has to flee his home level on the Shellworld and the Shellworld itself after witnessing the murder of his father, King Hausk, by Mertis tyl Loesp, the King\\'s second-in-command. Prince Oramen, Ferbin\\'s studious younger brother, is unaware of the treachery and trusts tyl Loesp fully. After Ferbin\\'s disappearance---and presumed death---tyl Loesp takes on the role of regent, ostensibly until Prince Regent Oramen comes of age and can be crowned king.\nThe Oct, the direct mentoring species over the human Sarl, meanwhile have been organizing the takeover of the ninth level of Sursamen (owned by the Deldeyn, another human nation of approximately equal level of development to the Sarl), using the Sarl royal court and military as their pawns. It becomes increasingly clear that they are searching for something hidden in the Nameless City, a metropolis buried under several hundred million years of sediment which is currently being stripped away by the giant Hyeng-zhar waterfalls. The ninth level was only recently re-colonised in a move by the Oct, which was retrospectively validated, with reluctance, by Sursamen\\'s mentoring races, the Nariscene and the more senior Morthanveld. (The Culture itself has no jurisdiction over Sursamen, since the Morthanveld are - like the Culture - \\\"High Level Involved\\\", technically regarded as sort-of-equals in an uneasy although peaceful diplomatic relationship: although despite this, the human(oid) Sarl seem to have more affinity with the Culture although their hierarchy of patronage comes from the Morthanveld.) Opposed to the Oct at an approximately equal stage of development are another species, the Aultridia, who opposed the Oct\\'s incursions into the ninth level, and there is a risk of Oct\/Aultridia war breaking out - which may become worse if the intermediate-level Nariscene, themselves patrons of the Oct, are dragged into involvement, or worse still, the high-level Morthanveld themselves.","parent_id":"a2cbb15e4780543b9030","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a2cbb15e4780543b9030:2","document_content":"# Matter (novel)\nElsewhere, Djan Seriy Anaplian, another child of King Hausk, had left Sursamen fifteen years earlier to become a member of the Culture as part of a cultural exchange and later joined the Culture\\'s covert Special Circumstances (SC) intelligence and intervention organisation. Anaplian decides to return to Sursamen, originally to pay her respects to her dead father and presumed-dead brother. (Initial reports from Sursamen only described the king and prince\\'s causes of death as combat related.) Meanwhile, the fleeing Ferbin is seeking out his long-absent sister hoping that, with her powerful connections and SC access, she could help install him as rightful king of the Sarl.\nWithin the Culture, other channels of intelligence later validate suspicions that the Oct are planning something mysterious on Sursamen and SC contacts Anaplian en route via a humanoid avatar of the Culture ship *Liveware Problem*, Klatsli Quike. SC asks Anaplian to investigate, upgrading her bereavement travel to an official Culture mission - one which will be necessarily highly sensitive since Sursamen is not under Culture jurisdiction, nor are any of the species involved in the Morthanveld chain of patronage. Quike is soon replaced by another avatoid of *The Liveware Problem*, Pone Hippinse, as Anaplian\\'s tactical partner in the mission. Her rather irritable combat drone, Turminder Xuss, had stowed away in her belongings at the beginning of her journey, disguised initially as a Knife Missile resembling a dildo; Anaplian has had most SC tactical enhancements to her mind and body disabled for her personal journey out of diplomatic considerations, but she restores most of them, and Xuss will prove critically useful. At this point, Anaplian is reunited with her fugitive brother, Ferbin, and his faithful (but increasingly independently minded) servant Choubris Holse.","parent_id":"a2cbb15e4780543b9030","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a2cbb15e4780543b9030:3","document_content":"# Matter (novel)\nArriving at Sursamen on board the *Liveware Problem*, the team (Anaplian, Hippinse, Ferbin, Holse and Xuss) successfully infiltrate their way down to the Shellworld\\'s ninth level to confront tyl Loesp, and protect their brother, Prince Oramen, both of whom are overseeing the excavation of the Nameless City. By the time the team arrives, Oramen has survived assassination attempts by tyl Loesp, but has been killed by a mysterious and powerful entity long entombed in the ancient ruins. Oramen had discovered---too late---that the entity is a ruthless machine created by or belonging to the long-dead race known as the Iln.\nThe liberated Iln machine\\'s nature is a horrible surprise to the Sarl humans and especially the Oct, who thought that they were excavating one of the \\\"Involucra\\\" (aka the Veil) who had originally built the shellworlds and from whom they claim to be descended. The Iln entity kills all nearby Sarl and Octs - including both Oramen and tyl Loesp - with a small thermonuclear explosion---after thanking them for their help---and heads towards the core of the Shellworld, planning to capture the Xinthian \\\"WorldGod\\\" and then destroy Sursamen by generating and detonating antimatter.","parent_id":"a2cbb15e4780543b9030","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a2cbb15e4780543b9030:4","document_content":"# Matter (novel)\nWith both tyl Loesp and their brother dead on the ninth level, Anaplian and Ferbin descend towards the Shellworld\\'s core level with the rest of the team, equipped with intelligent SC-technology combat suits. The *Liveware Problem* itself speeds down a vast shaft into the Shellworld\\'s interior to lead the team, but sustains substantial damage from Nariscene weapons during its descent to the core (it becoming increasingly apparent that all the various species involved have been getting their hands on technology from at least one level higher up the chain). The team is thus outgunned by the Iln device, which has taken over a Morthanveld guard ship and twelve other drones secretly emplaced in the core. Xuss is MIA. Hippinse\\'s parent ship, the *Liveware Problem*, disposes of all but two of the Morthanveld drones then sacrifices itself in a suicide attack on the hijacked Morthanveld guard ship. Hippinse himself is killed eliminating one of the remaining drones; Anaplian accounts for the last one, but the Iln entity remains too strong for the remaining compatriots, whose resources are seriously depleted.\nFerbin sacrifices himself to the Iln machine and is killed outright, but satisfies the enemy that the humans are not dangerous and permits Anaplian a much closer approach. Despite her advanced armour, she is eviscerated beyond the point where a non-SC enhanced human would be dead, but she remains conscious enough to detonate the tiny grain of antimatter in her skull that provided power to her SC-enhanced body, destroying the Iln entity and saving the Shellworld.\nIn the epilogue, Holse, the lone survivor of the Iln encounter, rejoins his family after a long absence, accompanied by the surviving *Liveware Problem* avatoid, Quike. He declares his intention to become a political leader of a no-longer-monarchist Sarl, with the secret backing of the Culture.\nAn unused section of the first draft was published as the short story \\'The Secret Courtyard\\' in a booklet called \\'The Spheres\\', by the Birmingham Science Fiction group, in 2010, in a limited edition of 500, to mark Novacon 40.","parent_id":"a2cbb15e4780543b9030","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2747fbf81f8b3e4ab87d:0","document_content":"# Davita's Harp\n***Davita\\'s Harp*** is a novel by Chaim Potok, published in 1985. It is the only one of Potok\\'s full-length novels to feature a female protagonist.\nSeveral elements in *Davita\\'s Harp* come from the author\\'s life. The harp in the title, for example, was inspired by an actual door harp that Potok and his wife came upon in a Vermont country store in the summer of 1983. Likewise, in her youth the author\\'s wife Adena was also, like Ilana Davita, denied an academic prize due to her gender.","parent_id":"2747fbf81f8b3e4ab87d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2747fbf81f8b3e4ab87d:1","document_content":"# Davita's Harp\nIn New York City of the 1930s, Ilana Davita Chandal is the child of a mixed marriage: a Polish Jewish immigrant mother and a Christian father from an old and wealthy New England family. Both of her parents are haunted by bitter and violent memories from their youths, and both have, in consequence, turned their backs on their pasts in order to become active members of the Communist Party. Ilana\\'s early childhood is fraught with mystery and struggle as the neighbors eye the Chandal family with suspicion. When Michael Chandal, already wounded once in the Spanish Civil War, returns to Spain, Ilana begins to look for answers at the local synagogue and in friendship with observant Jews, including her neighbor Ruthie Helfman and her distant cousin, David Dinn. Michael Chandal is killed in Spain, at Guernica, and Ilana and her mother both struggle to cope with their grief. They are often at odds with each other as Ilana becomes more and more interested in traditional Judaism---even asserting her right to say *kaddish* for her non-Jewish father---while Anne Chandal devotes herself to the Party and becomes involved in a new relationship with a young Communist historian, Charles Carter. When Stalin signs a non-aggression pact with Hitler, Anne struggles with reconciling the communist cause with the geopolitical reality and leaves the Party. Soon after Carter breaks off their engagement. Ultimately Anne returns---though not with her daughter\\'s fervor---to religious observance and marries her cousin Ezra Dinn, whom she had rejected many years before. Ilana becomes a star student at her Jewish day school. She is devastated when she is unjustly denied an academic award on account of her gender, but she remains determined to make her mark on the world.\nA subplot involves the mystical European Jewish writer Jakob Daw, another former suitor of Anne Chandal. He is deported from the United States against his will--- in spite of the best efforts of his lawyer, Ezra Dinn---and dies in Europe soon afterwards. Anne Chandal, now Dinn, unconventionally decides to say *kaddish* for her old friend, even though she is a woman and women did not say *kaddish* in Orthodox synagogues in the 1940s.","parent_id":"2747fbf81f8b3e4ab87d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2747fbf81f8b3e4ab87d:2","document_content":"# Davita's Harp\n**Ilana Davita Chandal (later Dinn)** -- Main character, very intelligent for her age but is still frightened of many things. Avid reader who loves to use her imagination, later in the book becomes a great writer and semi-religious daughter of Anne and Michael Chandal.\n**Anne \\\"Channah\\\" Chandal (later Dinn)** - Ilana\\'s mother, a Communist who is devoted to serving her party, she is anti-religion but was once a devoted Jew, is married to Michael Chandal and has a dark past.\n**Michael Chandal** - Ilana\\'s father, a journalist and a Communist, he is a source of great happiness in the house, he goes overseas to Spain to write for his newspaper about the Spanish Civil War and is killed during a bomb raid while trying to save a nun, a fact that Ilana becomes infatuated with. Husband to Anne Chandal and biological father to Ilana Davita.\n**Sarah Chandal** - Ilana\\'s aunt, a Christian missionary and a nurse who sometimes works in war zones and is very upbeat. She helps both Ilana and her mother when they fall into depression. She is Michael Chandal\\'s sister. Often on her visits she tries to teach Ilana her Christian practices, however is not around enough for her teachings to set in and only manages to cause Ilana trouble in her shul and with the Dinns.\n**Jakob Daw** - a writer who is a close friend of Anne Chandal, insists on calling Ilana \\'Ilana Davita\\'. Writes stories in support of the communist party and was gassed in World War I. He was especially notable for his close relation to Ilana, who commonly referred to him as her \\\"uncle\\\" and who she \\\"loved.\\\"\n**Ezra Dinn** - an immigration lawyer and devoted Jew who is a cousin of Anne Chandal, he helps Jakob Daw with his visa into the U.S. and later marries Anne Chandal after Michael Chandal\\'s death in Spain.\n**David Dinn** - Ezra Dinn\\'s bookish son, who is the same age as Ilana. He is very smart for his age and goes to a private Jewish academy, he befriends Ilana and later becomes her stepbrother.","parent_id":"2747fbf81f8b3e4ab87d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2747fbf81f8b3e4ab87d:3","document_content":"# Davita's Harp\n**Ruthie Helfman** - a friend of Ilana\\'s whose family helps Ilana when her mother is in her severely depressed state.\n**Mr.\u00a0Helfman** - Ruthie\\'s father; headmaster and teacher at the Jewish school that Ilana later attends with David and Ruthie. He is forced to award Reuven with the Akiva award after the board refuses to allow a girl to win the award, which would ruin the schools accountability (turning it into a \\\"school for wives\\\").\n**Reuven Malter** - An athletic, popular classmate of Ilana\\'s and the runner up for the Akiva Award. Although the school offered him the Akiva award, he refused it saying \\\"I don\\'t want anything I don\\'t earn, Ilana \\... It wasn\\'t mine, it was yours. What they did wasn\\'t right\\\".\n**Charles Carter** - a Communist history professor who courts Anne Chandal.\nIn a public lecture, Chaim Potok stated that, \\\" *Davita\\'s Harp* is a confrontation between two fundamentalisms. . . the secular fundamentalism represented by Marxism, Stalinism, and communism, and the religious fundamentalism of the extreme right in my own Jewish tradition, and how those two fundamentalisms deeply hurt individuals profoundly committed to them, and what those individuals do in the wake of that pain.\\'\\'\nA major theme of *Davita\\'s Harp* is the manner in which world events intersect with and shape individual lives. So, for example, Michael Chandal\\'s experiences at Centralia change his life course and inspire him to become a Communist; Michael is killed while reporting on the Spanish Civil War, sending his wife and daughter into a tailspin; and Stalin\\'s pact with Hitler ends Anne Chandal and Charles Carter\\'s romance.\nReuven Malter, a character from Potok\\'s first novel, *The Chosen,* makes an appearance in the book.","parent_id":"2747fbf81f8b3e4ab87d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2747fbf81f8b3e4ab87d:4","document_content":"# Davita's Harp\nBeing Potok\\'s sixth novel, *Davita\\'s Harp* was reviewed by a number of major publications. Though critics were not uniformly glowing, the general consensus said that *Davita\\'s Harp* was a high-quality book, though not the author\\'s best. Cynthia Grenier (who reviewed the book for *The Wall Street Journal*) and an unnamed critic from *Kirkus Reviews* cited \\\"stiff dialogue and stilted characters\\\" and a \\\"\\...somewhat YA-ish quality\\\" in the narration, respectively. With regards to plot, biographer Edward A. Abramson felt that as with his other novels, Potok\\'s tendency to forego emphasis of a book\\'s dramatic moments continues here, leading to a \\\"flattening effect\\\". Yet, despite these deficiencies in style, most critics were taken with Potok\\'s depiction of Ilana Davita. An unnamed reviewer in *Booklist* wrote, \\\"Ilana\\'s perceptions of the harsh world of her parents is a stunning one, especially as balanced against the yearnings and disappointments of her own life\\\" while Marcia R. Hoffman (reviewing for *Library Journal*) wrote, \\\"Potok\\'s insight into the mind and heart of an adolescent girl\\...will not be quickly forgotten\\\". In addition to the novel\\'s protagonist, reviewers found much to like in Potok\\'s treatment of what had become at that point standard themes for him. Quoting from the *Kirkus Reviews* article on the *Davita\\'s Harp*: \\\"\\...the ideas here are rich, provocative, thickly interesting: the soul\\'s desire for sustainable faith, the tension between political, worldly justice and religious, spiritual justice.\\\"\nSeveral reviewers and the author himself have alluded to a sequel or sequels to *Davita\\'s Harp,* Though such a novel was never written, Ilana Dinn does reappear in the Potok\\'s 2001 collection *Old Men at Midnight.*","parent_id":"2747fbf81f8b3e4ab87d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"0fadcdf7a9e8689e077e:0","document_content":"# The Heart Is Deceitful Above All Things (novel)\n***The Heart Is Deceitful Above All Things*** is a novel-like book of ten related short stories written by Laura Albert under the name JT LeRoy, a persona that she has described as an \\\"avatar,\\\" asserting that it enabled her to write things that she was incapable of expressing as Laura Albert. These stories predate the 2000 JT LeRoy novel *Sarah* but were published in 2001, after *Sarah* was released. The title is taken from Jeremiah (King James Bible version).\nThe stories are narrated by the boy Jeremiah, who at the age of four is taken away from his foster parents, the only family he\\'s known. He is reclaimed by his mother Sarah, who had given birth to him as an adolescent but was compelled to turn him over to foster care. Profoundly disturbed from her own life of abuse and poverty, Sarah takes him on the road with her, moving through aimless and dangerous encounters with a series of men, some of whom beat and rape Jeremiah. She frequently instructs her son to pretend to be her sibling---sometimes her brother, sometimes her sister. She is also abusive to him and abandons him repeatedly.\nThe child-welfare system sends Jeremiah to live with Sarah\\'s parents: Bible- and child-beating fanatics who abuse him as relentlessly as they had abused his mother. Sarah finds him and takes him away with her, but her life continues to spiral out of control. She becomes a lot lizard (a prostitute who works the truck stops) and eventually slides into a paranoid breakdown from crystal-meth abuse. Jeremiah is last seen as a 15-year-old street hustler in San Francisco, paying for a gay S&M session where he relives the beatings he had submitted to as a child.","parent_id":"0fadcdf7a9e8689e077e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"0fadcdf7a9e8689e077e:1","document_content":"# The Heart Is Deceitful Above All Things (novel)\n*The Heart Is Deceitful Above All Things* employs narrative elements and characterizations that also occur in *Sarah*, although it avoids the picaresque and fable-like qualities of the latter novel. Its stories are more violent, their situations more disturbing; but in Jeremiah\\'s attempts to comprehend and redefine his mistreatment, the book shares *SarahHarold\\'s End* (2004), deal with themes of abandonment, betrayal, abuse, exploitation, and loss -- the loss of identity and gender, as well as material and emotional loss. They also utilize the narrative device of having one\\'s hidden life revealed to the judgmentalness and violence of others: The young Jeremiah shoplifts (on instruction of his mother) and is caught and beaten by the storeowner -- a suffering and humiliation that recurs in his wanderings with Sarah as they struggle to feed themselves.\nThe book was adapted into the 2004 feature film of the same name by director\/co-writer Asia Argento, who also starred as Sarah. Jeremiah was played by Jimmy Bennett and by Dylan and Cole Sprouse.\nIn 2021 Blackstone Audio released an audiobook of *The Heart Is Deceitful Above All Things* along with eleven additional JT LeRoy stories. Filmmaker Jeff Feuerzeig read his foreword to the book\\'s 2016 reissue by HarperCollins, and the stories were read by Christelle de Castro, Donovan Leitch , Laura Desiree, Kerris Dorsey, Julie Mintz, Winsome Brown, Michael Imperioli, Libby Mintz, Joshua Caleb Johnson, Darnell Martin, Laura Albert (as JT LeRoy), Lawrence Rothman, Paul Mendez, Pamela Sneed, Shirley Manson, Laila Hayani, Soko, Alissa Bennett, Daniel Newman, and Robin Weigert.","parent_id":"0fadcdf7a9e8689e077e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f4c9ca745360c4472dac:0","document_content":"# Dog Years (novel)\n***Dog Years*** () is a novel by G\u00fcnter Grass. It was first published in Germany in 1963. Its English translation, by Ralph Manheim, was first published in 1965. It is the third and last volume of his *Danzig Trilogy*, the other two being *The Tin Drum* and *Cat and Mouse*. The novel consists of three different chronological parts, from the 1920s to the 1950s. The main characters are Walter Matern and Eduard Amsel.\nWalter Matern and Eduard Amsel are friends. Eduard is half Jewish and at the young age of five is a genius at making scarecrows. The narrator in Book One, the mine owner Brauxel, tells of the friendship of Walter and Eduard when they are children in the Vistula estuary, which is a German-Polish borderland (the interwar Free City of Danzig) peopled by Mennonites, Catholics and Protestants. Eduard keeps a diary which he fills with drawings of ideas for scarecrows. The history of this country is told with cruel images of horror and violence from that past that echoes into the present, which becomes Hitler\\'s Germany.\nThe story in the second part of the book is narrated by Harry Liebenau, and consists of letters from him addressed to his cousin Tulla. This part of the story occurs during the war period, when Amsel collects vast numbers of S.A. uniforms, and dresses his scarecrows in them. He also persuades his childhood friend Walter to become a member of the S.A., in order to help him obtain the uniforms. But since the confusion in this country has reached its maximum at this point in time, it is inevitable that the two friends end up on a collision course. At one point Walter denounces Amsel as a Jew, hits him in the face and knocks out all of his teeth.","parent_id":"f4c9ca745360c4472dac","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f4c9ca745360c4472dac:1","document_content":"# Dog Years (novel)\nThe last part of the novel is narrated by Walter and takes place after he has found his new friend Prinz. They leave on a journey in the postwar West Germany, where they systematically attack former Nazis who are now posing as respectable officials throughout the country.\nGrass\\'s style frequently parodies Martin Heidegger\\'s arcane philosophical syntax in *Being and Time*, which one of the teenage protagonists likes to poke fun at. The years from the prewar to the postwar era are presented in *Dog Years* through the perspective of three different narrators, a team directed by Amsel --- alias Brauxel --- who makes scarecrows in man\\'s image. The seemingly solid childhood friendship of Amsel and Matern evolves into the love-hate relationship between Jew and non-Jew under the impact of Nazi ideology. When the former friends from the region of the Vistula Delta finally meet again in the West, the ominous Alsatian dog (German shepherd) that followed Matern on his odyssey is left behind in Brauxel\\'s subterranean world of scarecrows. While *Dog Years*, like *The Tin Drum*, again accounts for the past through the eyes of an artist, the artist is no longer a demonic tin-drummer in the guise of a child but the ingenious maker of a world of objects reflecting the break between the creations of nature and those of men. The narrator refers to Amsel\\'s \\\"keen sense of reality in all its innumerable forms.\\\"","parent_id":"f4c9ca745360c4472dac","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a9e3daf12be5778257da:0","document_content":"# The Pendragon Legend\n***The Pendragon Legend*** is a 1934 novel by the Hungarian writer Antal Szerb.\nThe book is a philosophical thriller\/comedy\/murder-mystery\/ghost story set first in London and then in Wales. A mystical element is diffused through an increasingly complex plot, as all threads converge in the final chapters.\nThe *Pendragon Legend* was first translated into English by Lili Hal\u00e1py in 1963, and again by Len Rix in 2006.\nFirst edition under *The Pendragon Legend* title\nIn 1974, the novel was turned into a film *The Pendragon Legend* directed by Gy\u00f6rgy R\u00e9v\u00e9sz.\nThe novel contains many references to English and European mysticism:\n- Rosicrucians\n- Robert Fludd\n- Count of St.\u00a0Germain\n- Paracelsus\n- Philosopher\\'s Stone\n- Great Work","parent_id":"a9e3daf12be5778257da","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fdee752a534215124e08:0","document_content":"# Indiana (novel)\n***Indiana*** is a novel about love and marriage written by Amantine Aurore Dupin; it was the first work she published under her pseudonym George Sand. Published in April 1832, the novel blends the conventions of romanticism, realism and idealism. As the novel is set partly in France and partly in the French colony of R\u00e9union, Sand had to base her descriptions of the colony, where she had never been, on the travel writing of her friend Jules N\u00e9raud.\nOne edition illustrated by Maurice Toussaint\nIndiana is the story\\'s heroine, a young noblewoman descended from French colonial settlers from\n\u00cele Bourbon (now R\u00e9union) and currently living in France. Indiana is married to an older ex-army officer named Colonel Delmare and suffers from a variety of unknown illnesses, presumably due to the lack of passion in her life. Indiana does not love Delmare and searches for someone who will love her passionately. She overlooks her cousin Ralph, who lives with her and the colonel. As it turns out, Ralph is in love with Indiana.\nWhen their young, handsome, and well-spoken neighbor, Raymon de Ramiere, declares his interest to Indiana, she falls in love with him. Raymon has already seduced Indiana\\'s maid, Noun, who is pregnant with his child. When Noun finds out what is going on, she drowns herself.\nIndiana\\'s husband decides that they will move to \u00cele Bourbon. Indiana escapes the house to faithfully present herself in Raymon\\'s apartments in the middle of the night, expecting him to accept her as his mistress in spite of society\\'s inevitable condemnation. He at first attempts to seduce her but, on failing, rejects her once and for all. He cannot bear the thought that her will is stronger than his and writes her a letter intended to make her fall in love with him again, even though he has no intention of requiting this love.\nIndiana has moved to the Island with the Colonel by the time she reads the letter. She resists the letter but finally returns to France on a perilous sea journey. When she arrives in Paris, the French Revolution of 1830 is taking place. In the meantime, Raymon has made an advantageous marriage and bought Indiana\\'s house, where he and his wife live.","parent_id":"fdee752a534215124e08","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fdee752a534215124e08:1","document_content":"# Indiana (novel)\nThe stoic and remote Sir Ralph, whom Indiana has always seen as an \\'\u00e9goiste\\', suddenly comes to rescue her and tell her that Colonel Delmare has died from a fever. Indiana and Ralph decide to commit suicide together by jumping into a waterfall on the \u00cele Bourbon. But on the way home, they fall in love. Just before the suicide, they declare their love for one another and pledge that they will be married in Heaven. At the end of the novel comes a conclusion, a young adventurer\\'s account of finding a man and woman, Ralph and Indiana, living on an isolated farm on the Island.\nThe novel deals with many typical nineteenth-century novelistic themes. These include adultery, social constraint, and unfulfilled longing for romantic love. The novel is an exploration of nineteenth-century female desire complicated by class constraints and by social codes about infidelity. In another sense, the novel critiques the laws around women\\'s equality in France. Indiana cannot leave her husband, Colonel Delmare, because she lacks the protection of the law: under the Napoleonic Code, women could not obtain property, claim ownership of their children, or divorce. Finally, the novel touches on the subordination of the colonies to the French Empire.\n- Indiana Delmare - young, attractive noblewoman trapped in a loveless marriage of convenience\n- Sir Ralph - Indiana's cousin and potential suitor\n- Raymon de Ramiere - a handsome heartless young rake who ends up being a lover of Noun and Indiana, a practical seeker of wealth.\n- Colonel Delmare - Indiana's husband\n- Noun - lady\\'s maid to Indiana, formerly grew up with her on the Ile de Reunion\n- Madame de Ramiere - Raymon's mother, a social schemer who tries to find a way to marry Indiana and Raymon\n- Madame de Carvajal - Indiana\\'s wealthy and affluent aunt.","parent_id":"fdee752a534215124e08","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b8ec7c79f3cf8a2f236a:0","document_content":"# Moeyo Ken\n`is\u00a0a\u00a0novel\u00a0by\u00a0Japanese\u00a0author\u00a0Ry\u014dtar\u014d\u00a0Shiba.\u00a0It\u00a0dramatizes\u00a0the\u00a0life\u00a0of\u00a0Hijikata\u00a0Toshiz\u014d,\u00a0a\u00a0member\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0Shinsengumi,\u00a0active\u00a0in\u00a0Japan\u00a0during\u00a0the\u00a0`*`bakumatsu`*`\u00a0(the\u00a0end\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0Tokugawa\u00a0shogunate).`\nThe novel was initially serialized from 1962 to 1964 in the Bungeishunj\u016b weekly magazine *Sh\u016bkan Bunshun*. Shinchosha published the complete novel in two volumes. The action takes place in the \u014ckunitama Shrine in Fuch\u016b, along the Asa River in and near Hachi\u014dji, in the Mibu area of Kyoto, and in Hokkaid\u014d.\nShochiku released a 1966 film of the same title. Asahi Kurizuka played Hijikata. He repeated the role in the prime-time television *jidaigeki* on NET.\n\n### Cast (1966 film)\n- Asahi Kurizuka as Hijikata Toshiz\u014d\n- Shun\\'ya Wazaki as Kond\u014d Isami\n- Hidehiko Ishikura as Okita S\u014dji\n- Tetsuko Kobayashi as Sae\n- Keiji Takamiya as Niimi Nishiki\n\n### Cast (1966 TV series)\n- Ry\u014dhei Uchida as Hijikata Toshiz\u014d\n- Asao Koike as Kond\u014d Isami\n- Ry\u014dtar\u014d Sugi as Okita S\u014dji\n- Reiko Hitomi as Osae\n\n### Cast (1970 TV series)\n- Asahi Kurizuka as Hijikata Toshiz\u014d\n- Gen Funabashi as Kond\u014d Isami\n- Junshi Shimada as Okita S\u014dji\n- J\u016bkei Fujioka as End\u014d\n- Susumu Kurobe as Nagakura Shinpachi\n- Ry\u014d Nishida as Harada Sanosuke\n- Seiya Nakano as Yamazaki Susumu\n- Eiz\u014d Kitamura as Inoue Genzabur\u014d\n\n### Cast (1990 TV mini-series)\n- K\u014dji Yakusho as Hijikata Toshiz\u014d\n- Tomoko Ogawa as Oyuki\n- Tetsuo Ishidate as Kond\u014d Isami\n- Terutake Tsuji as Okita S\u014dji\n- Hisako Manda as Sae\n- Masaomi Kond\u014d as It\u014d Kashitar\u014d","parent_id":"b8ec7c79f3cf8a2f236a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b8ec7c79f3cf8a2f236a:1","document_content":"# Moeyo Ken\n### Cast (2021 film)\n- Junichi Okada as Hijikata Toshiz\u014d\n- Ko Shibasaki as Oyuki\n- Ryohei Suzuki as Kond\u014d Isami\n- Ryosuke Yamada as Okita S\u014dji\n- Hideaki It\u014d as Serizawa Kamo\n<!-- -->\n- This article incorporates material from \u71c3\u3048\u3088\u5263 (*Moeyo Ken*) in the Japanese Wikipedia, retrieved on March 15, 2008.","parent_id":"b8ec7c79f3cf8a2f236a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8f96ca2ef94c8b943be8:0","document_content":"# A Girl Named Disaster\n***A Girl Named Disaster*** is a 1996 novel by Nancy Farmer. The book explores the qualities needed to survive in a hostile environment (particularly by a woman), coming-of-age and the availability of spiritual guidance.\nThe book has been well-received. In 1997, it won the Newbery Honor for the novel, landed on the American Library Association\\'s list of Top Ten Books for Young Adults, and was a finalist for the National Book Award for Young People\\'s Literature.\nNhamo is an 11-year-old girl living in a traditional Shona village located in Mozambique around 1981. She was raised with the knowledge and customs of her tribe. Nhamo means \\\"disaster\\\" in the Shona language. Nhamo was given this name because of the scandal and wrongful things continued to follow her and her mother. After experiencing trouble with a cholera epidemic, a leopard, and an arranged marriage proposed by a false witch doctor, she flees with her dying grandmother\\'s blessings, some gold nuggets, and her meager survival skills. Nhamo steals a boat and supplies under her grandmother\\'s instructions and uses the river as her road to Zimbabwe, where she faces the threat of hippos, crocodiles, and other animals trying to kill her, while dealing with the pressures of becoming a woman.\nWhat should have been a two-day boat trip across the border to her father\\'s family in Zimbabwe spans a year in which Nhamo faces starvation and the threat of hungry or aggressive animals. The girl finds her way to a lush, haunted island and lives alongside a troop of baboons. Daily conversations with spirits combat Nhamo\\'s loneliness and provide her with sage and practical advice. She makes mistakes, loses heart, and nearly dies of starvation. Even after she arrives in Zimbabwe where she lives with scientists before meeting her father\\'s family, Nhamo must learn how to live in a modern society (clothing, behavior, literacy), and is urged to let go of the \\\"evil\\\" spirits that \\\"possess\\\" her as prescribed by a Muvuki or witch finder.","parent_id":"8f96ca2ef94c8b943be8","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8f96ca2ef94c8b943be8:1","document_content":"# A Girl Named Disaster\n- **Nhamo Jongwe**: The girl named \\\"Disaster\\\". She got her name due to the many disasters she faces during her life, even as a child. However, Nhamo is resourceful and clever, in spite of the bad luck she supposedly causes.\n- **Aunt Chipo**: Nhamo\\'s bad tempered aunt, who has resented Runako, Nhamo\\'s deceased mother and Chipo\\'s older sister, since they were children. She has hated Nhamo and her mother ever since she was born and forces her to do most of the work in the village, allowing her daughter, Masvita, to do the less strenuous tasks.\n- **Masvita**: Nhamo\\'s sweet tempered cousin, who behaves respectfully towards Nhamo, in spite of how mean-spirited her mother is.\n- **Aunt Shuvai**: Nhamo\\'s younger aunt. She is considerably more ambivalent to Nhamo.\n- **Uncle Kufa**: Nhamo\\'s uncle and Aunt Chipo\\'s husband. He is a pragmatic man.\n- **Ruva**: Aunt Chipo\u2032s second daughter.\n- **Ambuya**: Nhamo and Masvita\\'s grandmother. She treats Nhamo with respect and loves her dearly, and is one of the few people to do so. Chipo resents her mother, believing that Ambuya favoured Runako (Nhamo\\'s mother) for doing well in school and Shuvai, who was the youngest of Ambuya\\'s three daughters.\n- **Crocodile Guts**: A fisherman\n- **Sister Gladys**: A nurse who takes care of Nhamo in the later part of the book.\n- **Gor\u00e9 Mtoko**: Killed by Nhamo\\'s father\n- **Muvuki** : the witch finder\n<!-- -->\n- *The Ear, the Eye, and the Arm*","parent_id":"8f96ca2ef94c8b943be8","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a71fc7d72d2945553f86:0","document_content":"# Agent of Vega\n***Agent of Vega*** is a science fiction novel by American writer James H. Schmitz, published in 1960. It is a collection of stories that originally appeared separately in magazines. It was republished in 2001 as *Agent of Vega & Other Stories*.\nThe tale began in 1949 as a longish short story published in the SF magazine *Astounding*. In 1960 it appeared as a book, along with three loosely related stories set in the same time and context: \\\"The Illusionists\\\", \\\"The Truth About Cushgar\\\" and \\\"The Second Night of Summer\\\".\nIn the far future, humans are building a \\\"Confederacy of Vega\\\" to replace the original fallen Empire of Earth. The new empire includes some mutated humans and also some non-humans. Enemies are also a mix of humans and aliens and it is very much space opera, featuring Vega\\'s \\'zone agents\\'. Combat involves both physical weapons and telepathic attacks. It is similar to E. E. Smith\\'s *Lensman* series.\nUnlike the six Lensman books, the four stories are only loosely connected. Each features a completely different set of enemies. The non-human telepath Pagadan is the main connecting link, appearing a secondary character in the first story, the main character in \\\"The Illusionists\\\" and makes a brief appearance in \\\"The Truth About Cushgar\\\".\nThe book is currently available as *Agent of Vega & Other Stories*. This consists of the original four stories plus \\\"The Custodians\\\", \\\"Gone Fishing\\\", \\\"The Beacon to Elsewhere\\\", \\\"The End of the Line\\\", \\\"Watch the Sky\\\", \\\"Greenface\\\" and \\\"Rogue Psi\\\". None of these are set in the same universe as the Vega tales.\n*Galaxy*\\'s Floyd C. Gale rated the original edition 4.5 stars out of five, saying \\\"What places Schmitz\\'s work above run-of-the-mill S.O. space opera is the quality as well as breadth of his imagination, but most all his touch for characterization.\\\"\n-","parent_id":"a71fc7d72d2945553f86","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e77c5274ea4c8ad3fbc7:0","document_content":"# Netochka Nezvanova (novel)\n***Netochka Nezvanova*** () is an unfinished novel by Fyodor Dostoevsky. It was originally intended as a large scale work in the form of a \\'confession\\', but a background sketch of the eponymous heroine\\'s childhood and adolescence is all that was completed and published. According to translator Jane Kentish, this first publication was intended as \\\"no more than a prologue to the novel\\\". Dostoevsky began work on the novel in 1848 and the first completed section was published at the end of 1849. Further work was prevented by the author\\'s arrest and exile to a Siberian detention camp for his part in the activities of the Petrashevsky Circle. After his return in 1859, Dostoevsky never resumed work on *Netochka Nezvanova*, leaving this fragment forever incomplete.\nThe novel is in the style of a *Bildungsroman*, depicting experiences and emotions from Netochka\\'s formative years, as recalled by her in maturity.\nThe plot unfolds in three distinct sections, corresponding to upheavals in the heroine\\'s life.\nChapters 1--3 are predominantly concerned with Netochka\\'s recollections of her childhood with her mother and stepfather in St.\u00a0Petersburg, up until the time of their deaths. She begins with the background story of her stepfather, Efimov, a talented but self-obsessed violinist, whom she describes as \\\"the strangest and most extraordinary person I have ever known\\\" and a man whose powerful influence over her affected the rest of her life. Efimov\\'s madness brings terrible poverty and discord to the family, and leaves the child with a premature and painful insight into the dark side of human emotions. This part of her life comes to an end when Efimov kills her mother, after which he himself becomes completely insane and dies.","parent_id":"e77c5274ea4c8ad3fbc7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e77c5274ea4c8ad3fbc7:1","document_content":"# Netochka Nezvanova (novel)\nNetochka is adopted by Prince X., an acquaintance of her stepfather, and chapters 4 and 5 are concerned with the orphaned girl\\'s immersion in this unfamiliar aristocratic world, focusing particularly on her relationship with the Prince\\'s daughter Katya. Netochka immediately falls in love with the beautiful Katya, but Katya is initially repelled by the strange newcomer, and is cruel and dismissive toward her. Over time, however, this apparent dislike transforms into an equally passionate reciprocation of Netochka\\'s feelings. Their young, unashamed love leads to an intimacy that alarms Katya\\'s mother, who eventually takes steps to ensure their separation. Katya\\'s family move to Moscow, and Netochka is placed in the care of Katya\\'s elder half-sister, Alexandra Mikhailovna. According to the narrator, Netochka and Katya will not see each other for another eight years, but as the novel remained unfinished, their reuniting is never described.\nThe final chapters describe Netochka\\'s teenage years growing up in the household of the gentle and maternal Alexandra Mikhailovna and her cold and distant husband Pyotr Alexandrovitch. She forms a deeply empathetic relationship with Alexandra Mikhailovna, but is troubled by her friend\\'s painfully solicitous attitude toward her husband, and by what appears to be calculated indifference and dissimulation on his part. Netochka suspects some mystery from their past, and eventually a clue presents itself in the form of a letter that she accidentally discovers pressed between the pages of an old book in the library. It is a letter to Alexandra Mikhaylovna from a distraught lover, lamenting the necessity of their final separation, and grieving for the irreparable harm he has caused her reputation and her marriage. Netochka\\'s discovery of the letter sets off a chain of events that bring Alexandra Mikhaylovna to the point of emotional breakdown, and Netochka to the point of womanhood as she confronts Pyotr Alexandrovitch with the truth of what he has done to his wife.","parent_id":"e77c5274ea4c8ad3fbc7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e77c5274ea4c8ad3fbc7:2","document_content":"# Netochka Nezvanova (novel)\nSeveral narrative threads, as with the relationship between Netochka and Katya, are left unresolved but with clear indications that they would be resumed in future installments of the novel. It is noticed, at first by Alexandra Mikhailovna, that Netochka has a beautiful singing voice, and arrangements are made for her to receive training. Her love of singing and its connection to her emotional life are examined in a number of scenes, but her artistic development is clearly only in its beginning stages. The novel finishes with an enigmatic exchange between Netochka and Ovrov, Pyotr Alexandrovitch\\'s secretary, that is suggestive of further development of the story relating to the love letter.\n\n### Art and the Artist\nThe status of art and the artist, particularly the Romantic artist, was a subject of much literary discussion in the late 1840s, and *Netochka Nezvanova* was intended to be Dostoevsky\\'s literary statement of his view on the issue. According to Joseph Frank, Dostoevsky\\'s ultimate aim, though it remained unrealized, was \\\"to portray a character that unites a dedication to art with an equally firm commitment to the highest moral-social ideals.\\\" In her childhood Netochka lives in the shadow of Efimov\\'s all-consuming artistic obsession, which initially distorts her moral sensibility, but is to become the motivation for the development of a compassionate and fearless conscience bound to her own love of artistic expression. Thus Dostoevsky wished to reject both the egoism of Romanticism, as portrayed through Efimov, and the materialism of those, like Belinsky, who wished to focus only on utilitarian and practical goals to the detriment of art.","parent_id":"e77c5274ea4c8ad3fbc7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e77c5274ea4c8ad3fbc7:3","document_content":"# Netochka Nezvanova (novel)\n### The woman question\nAnother subject of much discussion at the time was the place of women in society, or what became known as \\\"the woman question\\\". Dostoevsky\\'s aim, unprecedented at the time in Russia, was \\\"to depict a talented and strong-willed woman who refuses to allow herself to be crushed --- who becomes the main *positive* heroine of a major novel\\\", rather than merely depicting woman as the victim of injustice or iniquity. The novel was originally subtitled \\\"*The History of a Woman*\\\".","parent_id":"e77c5274ea4c8ad3fbc7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"72d2ee997b75b855f894:0","document_content":"# Go (Holmes novel)\n***Go*** is a semi-autobiographical novel by John Clellon Holmes. (Holmes referred to the book as a *roman \u00e0 clef*.) It is considered to be the first published novel depicting the beat generation. Set in New York, it concerns the lives of a collection of characters largely based on the friends Holmes used to hang around with in the 1940s and 1950s in Manhattan. An underworld of drug-fueled parties, bars, clubs and free love is explored through the eyes of character Paul Hobbes, Holmes\\' representation of himself in the novel. Hobbes is torn between joining his friends in their riotous existence and trying to maintain his relatively stable life and marriage to his wife Kathryn.\n*Go* concerns protagonist Paul Hobbes\\' struggle to maintain his marriage to his wife, Kathryn, while simultaneously indulging in the world of the 1940s and 1950s Beat Generation. It follows the complications of interpersonal relationships arising from a group of disillusioned and often eccentric young people. Hobbes finds himself in a world of promiscuity, casual drug use and petty crime but retains a certain detachment from it, sometimes to the annoyance of his friends. From wild all night parties to Allen Ginsberg\\'s visions of William Blake to the death of Bill Cannastra, the events of the book are largely real events, some of them alluded to in other beat works, most notably Ginsberg\\'s \\\"Howl\\\". Holmes has said that the only plot element entirely invented by himself is Kathryn\\'s infidelity.\nThe original manuscript was named *The Daybreak Boys* as an allusion to a rivergang on the New York waterfront in the 1840s, but this title was rejected as a book with a similar title had been published by Scribner\\'s shortly before *Go* was received. The word *Go* appears regularly in the book, spoken by many of the cast of characters, almost as a mantra. In Britain *Go* was originally published as *The Beat Boys*.\nThe characters in *Go* are, as was common in beat generation literature, representations of the real people the author knew while writing the book.","parent_id":"72d2ee997b75b855f894","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"72d2ee997b75b855f894:1","document_content":"# Go (Holmes novel)\n- Paul Hobbes is John Clellon Holmes\n- Gene Pasternak is Jack Kerouac\n- David Stofsky is Allen Ginsberg\n- Hart Kennedy is Neal Cassady\n- Will Dennison is William S. Burroughs\n- Bill Agatson is Bill Cannastra\n- Albert Ancke is Herbert Huncke\n- Dinah is LuAnne Henderson\n- Ed Schindel is Al Hinkle\n- 1952, USA, Scribner\\'s (), Pub date ? ? 1952, hardback","parent_id":"72d2ee997b75b855f894","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5a718e21419145e37cf1:0","document_content":"# Candy: A Novel of Love and Addiction\n***Candy: A Novel of Love and Addiction*** (1997) is a novel by Luke Davies.\nThe novel follows an unnamed narrator and his relationship with Candy, his girlfriend and later wife, and their addiction to heroin. The novel was loosely based on Luke Davies\\' own troubles with addiction and after the release of a movie adaptation of the novel Australian painter Megan Bannister, Davies\\' ex-wife, identified herself as the inspiration for Candy.\nIn 2006 the novel was adapted into a movie directed by Neil Armfield from a script by Davies starring Heath Ledger as the narrator and Abbie Cornish as Candy.\nAn unnamed narrator who is addicted to heroin introduces his beloved blonde girlfriend, Candy, to the drug. Early in their relationship the couple try to detox separately, with the narrator staying in Sydney while Candy returns home to Melbourne to stay clean. While Candy succeeds the narrator fails to stay clean and when she returns home she quickly relapses.\nAfter pawning their possessions for drugs fails to procure them the necessary amount of money to secure a hit of heroin, a pawnbroker offers Candy cash for sex, which she accepts. Learning that someone from their social circle works at a brothel, Candy takes up the work herself and quickly finds that she can earn up to a thousand dollars a day working as a prostitute and escort. The narrator runs small scams to try to supplement their income.\nWith money for heroin temporarily secured, the couple decide to get married. Shortly after Candy becomes pregnant and though the two plan to quit heroin \\\"tomorrow\\\", by the time Candy is 5 months pregnant, they are still keeping up their habit. Candy has a miscarriage and the baby is stillborn.\nCandy goes from working in high end brothels and for wealthy clients to prostituting herself on the street. As their ability to procure heroin becomes more erratic, Candy tells the narrator she wants to quit prostitution. The narrator decides to provide for them by selling drugs and is able to purchase the recipe for making heroin off a professor friend of theirs, Casper.\nThough the narrator and Candy are able to successfully make heroin they are less successful at selling and end up using most of their product. Ironically now that they have a near endless supply of their drug of choice the narrator cannot enjoy it due to his collapsed veins.","parent_id":"5a718e21419145e37cf1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5a718e21419145e37cf1:1","document_content":"# Candy: A Novel of Love and Addiction\nThe narrator and Candy eventually give up their drug business and go on methadone, successfully rehabilitating themselves. With cash from Candy\\'s parents they are able to buy a rundown farm in the countryside, however as she comes down off heroin Candy becomes bitter about both her relationship with the narrator and her relationship with her parents.\nAfter she has an affair with a neighbor who deals pot, things fall apart. The narrator leaves and stays with an old friend whom he angers, and gets kicked out after two days. The narrator then begins his own affair but is soon called by Candy\\'s father. Candy has had a full nervous breakdown and is hospitalised. The narrator makes his way home to find a very changed and very delusional Candy. After she is released they try one more time, but the narrator breaks the rules after running into Casper. Candy leaves the narrator, and shortly afterward Casper is caught making heroin. His employer sends him to rehab but Casper leaves, knowing that action marks the end of his career. Casper then gets antidepressants and alcohol, goes to his lab, cooks one last batch, and commits suicide. The narrator goes into rehab and sobers up. He sees Candy the first chance he is allowed to, and she tells him she knows they have to end. They have to stay apart to be clean.\nDavies has admitted the novel is based on his experiences as a heroin addict in the 1980s, the \\\"worst years\\\" being 1984 to 1990. Sydney and Melbourne were the epicentres of a \\\"severe\\\" heroin problem during this period. Davies has also emphasised that the novel is \\\"fiction rather than memoir\\\".\nFollowing the release of the film based on the book, also called *Candy* (2006), Melbourne painter Megan Bannister was identified as the woman who is portrayed as Candy in the novel. She and Davies were married for six years during the 1980s and confirms that key events in the film (and novel) really did happen except that \\\"living it was 50,000 times worse\\\".\nDavies put the story together over the course of the early 1990s, stating in interviews that \\\"chapters were written separately and out of sequence\\\". The first edition was published on 16 June 1998.","parent_id":"5a718e21419145e37cf1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5a718e21419145e37cf1:2","document_content":"# Candy: A Novel of Love and Addiction\n*Candy* is an intense, and at times taxing, exploration of the heroin addiction shared by a young couple deeply in love. Beyond being a love story with a cautionary tale about drug addiction, *Candy* looks at the human need for escapism. Through the main character\\'s relationship we see the self-deceptions that addicts use to justify their rapid degradation, both morally and physically, in attempting to maintain their growing drug habits.\nDavies says: \\\"\\... the character Candy is a two-dimensional approximation of the narrator\\'s desires, obsessions and his inability to see the truth at any deep level\\\". In the second part of the book, as the narrator and Candy meet tragedy through the loss of their unborn child and Candy\\'s mental breakdown, the story explores the themes of guilt, loss, and self-awareness.\n- Shortlisted, Christina Stead Prize for fiction, New South Wales Premier\\'s Literary Awards 1999\n- Joint Winner, Best Young Australian Novelist, *The Sydney Morning Herald* 1998\n- Shortlisted, Addison Wesley Longman Award for the Best Cover\/Jacket D\nA film adaptation, also called *Candy* (2006), stars Heath Ledger as Dan, Abbie Cornish as Candy, Geoffrey Rush as Casper, Noni Hazlehurst as Mrs.\u00a0Wyatt, and Tony Martin as Mr.\u00a0Wyatt. It was directed by Neil Armfield and produced by Emile Sherman and Margaret Fink.\n- 1997, Allen & Unwin, Sydney ISBN 9781864483390. Issued in paperback. pp.\u00a0viii 286 6\n- 1998, USE, Ballantine Books , Pub date 16 June 1998, Softcover\n- 1998, Vintage Books, Random House, UK\nThe book was also published in France (Editions Heloise d\\'Ormesson), Germany (Droemer-Knaur), Greece, Israel, and Spain (Editions Planeta).\nThe subtitle, \\\"A Novel of Love and Addiction\\\", was only used in the American edition; elsewhere the book is only called *Candy*. There is also an essential difference between the American edition and all the others: in the US edition, the opening chapter \\\"Example of Good Times\\\" runs for only a page, then the chapter repeats and continues as the final chapter in the book. Davies has stated publicly he regrets agreeing to this change, and the Australian edition should be taken as the definitive one.","parent_id":"5a718e21419145e37cf1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5a718e21419145e37cf1:3","document_content":"# Candy: A Novel of Love and Addiction\n- *Candy*, Allen & Unwin","parent_id":"5a718e21419145e37cf1","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"73afa7167c3a47c9df88:0","document_content":"# Raking the Ashes\n***Raking the Ashes*** is a 2005 novel by Anne Fine. It is narrated in the first person by Tilly.\nTilly has always been adept at knowing and getting what she wants out of life. Until she meets Geoffrey, gentle and generous to a fault, with his two little children and an ex-wife who can only think of Tilly in terms of stereotypes.\nAfter an initial meeting on the beach years earlier, Tilly meets the long divorced Geoffrey at a party. She soon divorces her husband and Geoffrey moves in with her. Tilly very much enjoys having another person in the house to help cook and clean, and who loves and accepts her entirely, especially as she recognises that she is not a very nice person. However, Tilly has problems with Geoffrey\\'s fundamental dishonesty and his refusal to share his family with her and Tilly is resentful at simply being a \\'pleat\\' in the family economy, there to be taken in and then let out (let down) when she is not needed. Tilly is good enough to help look after the children for months on end while their mother is in America to treat her cancer, yet when it comes to choosing a school for Harry she can be safely left out while granny, who is barely part of their lives, is invited to help choose the school. Though it is fine for Tilly to spend hours in the middle of the night at Harry\\'s bedside listening to his nightmares and the gruesome stories he hears at school, her suggestion to Geoffrey that he see a counselor is rubbished as Geoffrey thinks \\'I know my own child\\', and Geoffrey even fails to mention the letter from school describing Harry\\'s destructive behaviour.\nTime and again Tilly is driven to dislike, and even hate Geoffrey over his dishonesty, Geoffrey\\'s refusal to listen to her hints about his children (\\'Minna\\'s persistent truancy, Harry\\'s strange, quiet slidings on and off the rails\\'), or to live in the real world, his refusal to tell her about major financial decisions (selling his late fathers cottage, getting a second mortgage, giving his ex-wife significant financial help for various cancer treatments that even he believes cannot work).","parent_id":"73afa7167c3a47c9df88","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"73afa7167c3a47c9df88:1","document_content":"# Raking the Ashes\nWhen Tilly finds that Geoffrey\\'s desire to be nice resulted in his agreeing to his son\\'s wedding at a time when it was impossible for Tilly to come, merely to save the mother of the bride the loss of the deposit on her holiday, and that he then lied to Tilly about it, pretending that they were never consulted about the date, she is finally given the impetus to leave, and to exact revenge.","parent_id":"73afa7167c3a47c9df88","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"067212898cb8a3f1586e:0","document_content":"# The Other Darker Ned\nMethuen)\n***The Other, Darker Ned*** is a 1979 novel written by author Anne Fine about a girl (called Ione) who hears her blind father complaining to his secretary that she only ever \\'mopes\\' and he wishes that she would do something. She then goes to an Oxfam shop and takes a huge shock when she hears about poverty in India.\nIone holds a jumble sale in the village to buy a bullock for farmers in India who are dying. The title *The Other Darker Ned* refers to the character she sees in her head who is a resemblance of her friend Ned. She becomes so shaken by the image that she decides to stop at nothing to hold the jumble sale. She is extremely successful and manages to buy two bullocks, get Ned, and his girlfriend (Professor Muffet\\'s secretary) to stop quarrelling and fall in love.","parent_id":"067212898cb8a3f1586e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fae53de75634c16a8810:0","document_content":"# Rokudai Sh\u014djiki\n`was\u00a0a\u00a0Japanese\u00a0history\u00a0book\u00a0written\u00a0in\u00a0the\u00a0early\u00a0Kamakura\u00a0period,\u00a0narrating\u00a0events\u00a0at\u00a0that\u00a0time\u00a0in\u00a0the\u00a0order\u00a0they\u00a0occurred.\u00a0The\u00a0`*`Rokudai`*`,\u00a0which\u00a0literally\u00a0means\u00a0six\u00a0generations,\u00a0refers\u00a0to\u00a0Emperors\u00a0Takakura,\u00a0Antoku,\u00a0Go-Toba,\u00a0Tsuchimikado,\u00a0Juntoku\u00a0and\u00a0Go-Horikawa.\u00a0The\u00a0fact\u00a0that\u00a0Go-Horikawa\u00a0is\u00a0referred\u00a0to\u00a0as\u00a0`*`The Reigning Emperor`*`\u00a0(\u4eca\u4e0a\u5929\u7687)\u00a0suggests\u00a0that\u00a0the\u00a0book\u00a0was\u00a0written\u00a0shortly\u00a0after\u00a0the\u00a0J\u014dky\u016b\u00a0War\u00a0(1221).\u00a0For\u00a0a\u00a0long\u00a0time,\u00a0Minamoto\u00a0no\u00a0Mitsuyuki\u00a0had\u00a0been\u00a0considered\u00a0as\u00a0the\u00a0author\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0book.\u00a0Recently,\u00a0however,\u00a0historians\u00a0have\u00a0argued\u00a0that\u00a0Fujiwara\u00a0no\u00a0Tadataka,\u00a0who\u00a0was\u00a0retired\u00a0at\u00a0the\u00a0time\u00a0the\u00a0book\u00a0was\u00a0written,\u00a0is\u00a0more\u00a0likely\u00a0the\u00a0actual\u00a0author.`\nThe book contends that Emperor Go-Toba lost the J\u014dky\u016b War because of his immorality, that he was basically a villain of the whole story, and that the event therefore does not necessarily challenge the authority of the emperor and his court. This viewpoint, which was convenient for both the imperial court and the newly formed Kamakura shogunate, had profound influence in later relations between the people of kuge and that of samurai.\n- *Masukagami*, which also narrates events in Kamakura period.","parent_id":"fae53de75634c16a8810","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c932042da42605f02ebe:0","document_content":"# Denkoroku\n`is\u00a0a\u00a0k\u014dan\u00a0collection\u00a0written\u00a0in\u00a01300\u00a0by\u00a0Keizan\u00a0Jokin\u00a0Zenji,\u00a0the\u00a0Great\u00a0Patriarch\u00a0of\u00a0S\u014dt\u014d\u00a0Zen\u00a0Buddhism,\u00a0based\u00a0on\u00a0approximately\u00a0a\u00a0year\u00a0of\u00a0his\u00a0Dharma\u00a0talks.`\nThe book includes 53 enlightenment stories covering 1600 or more years based on the traditional legendary accounts of Dharma transmission in the S\u014dt\u014d lineage. Successive masters and disciples in the book are Shakyamuni Buddha circa 360 to 440 BCE in India, to Zen master Ej\u014d in about 1230 or 1240 in Japan.\nWhile other translations are available as of 2012, this article was developed for the most part from the introduction and translator\\'s note by Francis Dojun Cook.\n\n### Contents\nDharma transmissions covered 28 ancestors from India and 23 from China, followed by D\u014dgen and Ej\u014d in Japan. Out of modesty and his sense of propriety, Keizan, the 54th ancestor, omitted himself and Tettsu Gikai, one of his teachers who was a student of Ej\u014d and was still alive in 1300. Each chapter is a few pages, except in a couple cases where the author wants to explain a point.\nThe format for each koan account is in four parts: (1) the main koan case that is the enlightenment encounter between master and disciple, (2) a brief biographical account on the life of the disciple including context for the encounter, (3) Keizan\\'s *teisho* or commentary on the koan, and (4) a verse written by Keizan summarizing the point, following the Zen tradition of understanding presented by the master or disciple in poetry.\nThe book is not true in a strictly historical sense: for example, Bodhidharma is probably a mythical figure, the Sixth Patriarch was probably not Huineng, and someone else probably wrote the *Platform Sutra*. Instead *Denk\u014droku* may be read as true in the sense that great novels like *Moby-Dick* or *The Great Gatsby* are true. Keizan included fantastical or magical details from the lives of some ancestors, especially those in India, which audiences in times past may have appreciated but which today might be met with skepticism.\nThe following summary is taken from the Cook translation table of contents, with names according to Thomas Cleary in parentheses.","parent_id":"c932042da42605f02ebe","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c932042da42605f02ebe:1","document_content":"# Denkoroku\n### India\nKeizan begins with Shakyamuni, the historical Buddha, followed by his disciple Mah\u0101k\u0101\u015bhyapa (Kasyapa), and then Ananda, both of whom knew Buddha before he died. Following are Shanavasa, Upagupta, Dhritaka (Dhrtaka), Micchaka, Vasumitra, Buddhanandi, Buddhamitra (Punyamitra), Parshva, Punyayashas, Ashvaghosa (Ashvaghosha), and Kapimala. Then comes Nagarjuna, Kanadeva, Rahulata, Sanghanandi, Gayashata (Jayashata), Kumarata, Jayata, Vasubandhu, Manorhita (Manora), Haklenayashas (Haklena), Aryasimha (Sinha), Basiasita (Vashashita), Punyamitra, and Prajnatara. Finally, Bodhidharma was the 28th ancestor from India.\n\n### China\nFollowing Bodhidharma, Dazu Huike (Huike Shenguang) was the 29th ancestor, the 2nd in China. Following are Jianzhi Sengcan (Sengcan), Dayi Daoxin (Daoxin), Daman Hongren (Hongren), Dajian Huineng (Huineng), Qingyuan Xingsi (Qingyuan), Shitou Xiqian (Shitou), Yaoshan Weiyan (Yaoshan), Yunyan Tansheng (Yunyan), Dongshan Liangjie (Dongshan), Yunhju Daoying (Yunju), Tongan Daopi (Daopi), Tongan Guanzhi (Tongan), Liangshan Yuanguan (Liangshan), Dayang Jingxuan (Dayang), Touzi Yiqing (Touzi), Furong Daokai (Daokai), Danxia Zichun (Danxia), Zhenxie Qingliao (Wukong), Tiantong Zongjue (Zongjue), Xuedou Zhijian (Zhijian), and Tiantong Rujing (Rujing).","parent_id":"c932042da42605f02ebe","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c932042da42605f02ebe:2","document_content":"# Denkoroku\n### Japan\nThe 51st ancestor was Eihei Dogen who traveled from Japan to China and back. The 52nd ancestor was his student, Koun Ej\u014d.\nKeizan is generally held to be the author.\nKeizan originally gave this series of 53 Dharma talks to the monks of the Daij\u014d-ji monastery during spring and the following winter *ango* practice periods. Keizan was 36 years old at the time.\nAccording to one translator, Francis Cook, there is some controversy and \\\"uneasiness\\\" about authorship. At first, the work was hidden from the public eye for nearly 600 years. A monk named Sen\\'ei was the first to publish it, in 1857, or 557 years after it was written. Then in 1886, Yoshida Gizan published an annotated edition in Kyoto. In 1885, S\u014dji-ji published what is called the Honzan edition, based on a manuscript copy owned by a private collector. The oldest existing manuscript copy was found in 1959. It is thought to have been copied during the late to mid-15th century. Komazawa University published a catalog in 1962, which listed 11 copies. By 1976, 19 copies were known---some of them verified and some not. Some of these copies were known to no longer exist. Okubo Doshu, a noted Dogen scholar, doubted the work\\'s author for a number of reasons, including discrepancies in the last two chapters, along with the absence of a historical record attributing what is a major work to Keizan. But neither he nor any other scholar has ever come out to say that Keizan is *not* the author, so the consensus remains to attribute the work to Keizan.\nWhile D\u014dgen is held to be the school\\'s founder, Keizan was in large part responsible for the flourishing of S\u014dt\u014d Zen. He resisted the purist approach taken by D\u014dgen who preferred to teach and write; he took care to serve his congregation who might have dead or dying relatives; he founded new monasteries and temples; and he attracted followers like Gashau and Meiho who became his successors. Today S\u014dt\u014d Zen remains one of the largest Buddhist organizations in Japan.\nOne translator, Cleary, writes:","parent_id":"c932042da42605f02ebe","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"c932042da42605f02ebe:3","document_content":"# Denkoroku\n### Japan\n- Roshi P. T. N. Jiyu Kennett, *Zen is Eternal Life*, Shasta Abbey Press, 4th edition, 2000,\n- *The Denkoroku: or The Record of the Transmission of the Light*, by Keizan Zenji, translated by Rev.\u00a0Hubert Nearman, Shasta Abbey Press, 2001,\n- *Transmission of Light, Zen in the Art of Enlightenment by Zen Master Keizan*, Translated and introduction by Thomas Cleary, North Point Press, San Francisco, 1990.\n- *The Record of Transmitting the Light: Zen Master Keizan\\'s Denkoroku*, Translated and introduction by Francis Dojun Cook, Wisdom Publications, 2003 1991,","parent_id":"c932042da42605f02ebe","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"07c16e7cbf89b74eb2b3:0","document_content":"# The River Ki\nFirst English-language edition(publ.Kodansha)\n`is\u00a0a\u00a0novel\u00a0by\u00a0Japanese\u00a0writer\u00a0Sawako\u00a0Ariyoshi.\u00a0Published\u00a0by\u00a0Chuokoronsha\u00a0in\u00a01959,\u00a0it\u00a0has\u00a0been\u00a0translated\u00a0into\u00a0English.\u00a0Set\u00a0in\u00a0Wakayama\u00a0prefecture,\u00a0the\u00a0novel's\u00a0focus\u00a0is\u00a0on\u00a0three\u00a0generations\u00a0of\u00a0women\u00a0representing\u00a0modern\u00a0Japanese\u00a0history.`\n-","parent_id":"07c16e7cbf89b74eb2b3","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"0e4377458587daf6f919:0","document_content":"# Snowblind (book)\n***Snowblind: A brief career in the cocaine trade*** written by American author Robert Sabbag in 1976 is a non-fiction account about a character named Zachary Swan who turned his hand to smuggling cocaine from Colombia into the US. Set in the 1970s before organised crime took over the cocaine trade, it is based primarily in New York City and Bogot\u00e1 and features a variety of colourful characters. Unlike other smugglers at the time Swan concocted a vast array of scams designed both to evade customs officials and protect his \\'employees\\' from prosecution, all of which are highly imaginative and entertaining.\n- Howard Marks wrote an introduction for the UK 1998 Canongate reprint.\n- Damien Hirst designed a repackaged version limited to 1000 copies with sleeve, reinforced mirror hard backed cover, imitation credit card, (in the name of Zacharie Swan), and a rolled up \\$100 bill hidden in a cut away trench in the middle of the book. All three conspirators, Sabbag, Marks and Hirst hand signed all 1000.","parent_id":"0e4377458587daf6f919","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8da3a0251357f12f4470:0","document_content":"# Chronicler of the Winds\n***Chronicler of the Winds***(Original title:\\*\\*\\*\\*\\*\\*) is a novel written by Henning Mankell in Swedish in 1995. The story is set in an unnamed port city in Africa which resembles Maputo, the capital of Mozambique, where the author often lived and worked. The narrator is a baker who finds a ten-year-old boy named Nelio. The boy has been shot on the stage of a theatre, and he tells the baker his life story and all his troubles, including living on the street, being persecuted for albinism, and being traumatized as a child soldier. Nelio is \\\"presented as an inspirational figure\\\" in a style derived from African storytelling. The novel was translated by Tiina Nunnally and published in English in 2006.\nMankell is known for his \\\"socially aware crime fiction\\\" with Inspector Kurt Wallander as a central character. He was fascinated by Africa where he traveled first in the 1970s. From 1987, he lived and worked in both Africa and Sweden. From 1986 on he was director of the Teatro Avenida in Maputo, Mozambique. In great contrast to the inspector, who has been described as \\\"a morose, self-loathing plainclothes officer\\\", the novel deals with the life of the street boy Nelio and his death at age ten. Mankell said that \\\"the story unfolds in a manner derived from African storytelling\\\". He favorably compared that style to what he considered that of the typical (chronological) European story: \\\"The African way is much more adventurous. You can jump between realities. You can let dead people meet with living people\\\".\nThe story is set in an unnamed port city in Africa, told in the first-person by a baker, Jos\u00e9 M. V. He finds Nelio, a 10-year-old boy, shot on the stage of a theatre. He helps the wounded child who refuses medical care, and listens to the story the boy has to tell over the course of nine days before he dies.","parent_id":"8da3a0251357f12f4470","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8da3a0251357f12f4470:1","document_content":"# Chronicler of the Winds\nMarket in Maputo\nNelio says he grew up in a village close to the border. The village was destroyed during a civil war by partisans, who killed his father, sister, and many others, and deported him and his mother to a camp from which he escapes. He meets Yabu Bata, who has albinism. Together they reach the sea, and Nelio alone moves to a port city. He lives as a street boy, sleeping in the monument of a rider. He joins a gang of other homeless street children led by a 14-year-old boy. They live off waste, stealing, and earning a little money by watching the cars of the rich. A happy event is the birthday of Alfredo Bomba, which they celebrate in an empty house of a man who travels.","parent_id":"8da3a0251357f12f4470","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8da3a0251357f12f4470:2","document_content":"# Chronicler of the Winds\nAlfredo is diagnosed as terminally ill.\u00a0To make his last days as pleasant as possible, the group wants to perform a play. Alfredo enjoys the performance in a theatre and dies. Watchmen notice the children and everyone is able to flee except Nelio, who stays with the corpse and is shot. Nelio dies nine days later. Jos\u00e9 decides to give up his profession and travel as the chronicler, telling Nelio\\'s story, reasoning: \\\"I kept asking myself: where does the evil in human beings come from? Why does barbarism always wear a human face? That\\'s what makes barbarism so inhuman\\\".\nThe novel was published in 1995 by Ordfront in Stockholm. It was published in English, translated by Tiina Nunnally, in 2006 by Harvill Secker, and in several other languages.\nA reviewer in *The Observer* writes: \\\"The genocide that forces Nelio out of his village and the degradation suffered by the street children are described in angry detail\\\", but also sees that Nelio is \\\"presented as an inspirational figure\\\", even with magical powers. A reviewer for *The New York Times* notes \\\"crisscrossing time and space in a story that is at once wrenchingly tragic and uplifting\\\".\nThe novel was nominated for the August Prize and the Nordic Council\\'s Literature Prize in 1995. In 1996 it was awarded the novel prize of the Swedish broadcaster SR P1.\nThe novel became a 1998 Portuguese language film entitled \\'*\\'. The film, a Sweden--Portugal--Mozambique co-production, was nominated for a Guldbagge Award for best film in 1999.\nMankell and director Jens Monath produced a film,*Mein Herz schl\u00e4gt in Afrika\\'\\' (My Heart Beats in Africa), which was aired in two parts by the ZDF in spring 2009. It was based on topics from the novel such as the life of street children, the persecution of people with albinism, and young adults who are traumatized by spending their childhood as child soldiers.","parent_id":"8da3a0251357f12f4470","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7c75fec6b6ee75b9fd7a:0","document_content":"# Pather Panchali (novel)\n***Pather Panchali*** (; ) is a 1929 novel written by Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay and was later adapted into a 1955 film of the same name by Satyajit Ray. Considered to be one of the greatest literary works describing rural life, *Pather Panchali* deals with the life of the Roy family, both in their ancestral village in rural Bengal and later when they move to Varanasi in search of a better life, as well as the anguish and loss they face during their travels.\nIt first appeared as a serial in a Calcutta periodical in 1928 and was published as a book the next year; it was the first published novel written by the author. It was followed in 1932 by a sequel *Aparajito*, which was adapted into a 1956 film of the same name by Satyajit Ray.\nHorihor Ray, an impoverished Brahmin, lives in the village of Nischindipur. Indir Thakrun, an old widowed woman, who had nobody to look after her, takes shelter in the house of Horihor, to whom she is distantly related. Horihor\\'s wife Shorbojoya, an ill-tempered lady, cannot bear the sight of the old woman. She is therefore given a tumble-down thatched hut to live in. However, Durga, Shorbojoya\\'s six-year-old daughter, is very fond of Indir Thakrun and stays with her for hours to listen to fairy-tales.\nAfter some time, Shorbojoya gives birth to a son. Shorbojoya is jealous of Indir Thakrun as she thinks that Durga is more fond of the old woman than of her mother. Indir Thakrun is mercilessly turned out of the hut for a trifling reason. The helpless old woman implores for shelter in her dying moments but she is heartlessly refused; she passes away in a rice-barn.","parent_id":"7c75fec6b6ee75b9fd7a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7c75fec6b6ee75b9fd7a:1","document_content":"# Pather Panchali (novel)\nFour or five years later, the boy named Apu grows up to be very inquisitive and sensitive to the beauty and mystery of nature. He and his elder sister Durga are always out for some new adventures like roaming through the forests, taking part in indigenous games and plucking flowers and fruits stealthily. Apu is admitted into the village school where many village elders assemble and talk on diverse subjects. Apu is taken by his father to a client\\'s house. It is the first time that Apu gets a glimpse of the outside world which fills his mind with joy and excitement. The village festivity, the fair, and the *Jatra* performance, all bring variety and thrill to the monotonous flow of village life. Durga, restless yet innocent, dies suddenly, plunging the whole family into grief and leaving her little brother all alone. Horihor leaves home for a long period and struggles desperately to earn a livelihood. After returning home he decides to leave Nischindipur. They pack up and go to the railway station. As the train steams in, they board the train leaving behind Nischindipur forever with its many sweet and sour memories.\n*Pather Panchali* was translated first to Telugu under the same name by Maddipatla Suri in 1960 and published. It was translated to Sinhalese under the name *Mawathe Geethaya* (Sinhala) by Chintha Lakshmi Sinhaarachchi and published in 1986. This was immensely popular in Sri Lanka and was followed by the translations of the other two books of the Apu trilogy by the same translator.\n\\'Pather Panchali\\' was translated into Malayalam under the name, \\'Pather Panchali - Paathayuday Sangeetham\\' by Mr.\u00a0M. K. N. Potty, which was first published in April 2009 by Green Books Pvt Ltd., Trichur, Kerala.\nAn English translation by T.W. Clark and Tarapada Mukherji was published in 1968 by Indiana University Press as part of the UNESCO Collection of Representative Works, and an abridged translation by K. Roy and Margaret Chatterjee followed in 1976.\nAn adaptation for radio by Tanika Gupta was broadcast on BBC Radio 4 on 24 February & 3 March 2013 as a \\\"Classic Serial\\\".","parent_id":"7c75fec6b6ee75b9fd7a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"ae70b7b26c94269be9de:0","document_content":"# The Prague Orgy\nFirst edition (publ. Jonathan Cape)\n***The Prague Orgy*** (1985) is a novella by Philip Roth. The short book is the epilogue to his trilogy *Zuckerman Bound*. The story follows Roth\\'s alter ego Nathan Zuckerman, on a journey to Communist Prague in 1976 seeking the unpublished manuscripts of a Yiddish writer. The book, presented as journal entries by Zuckerman, details the struggle of demoralized artists in a totalitarian society.","parent_id":"ae70b7b26c94269be9de","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"bfec0e3fd474158172b4:0","document_content":"# Silence (End\u014d novel)\n`is\u00a0a\u00a01966\u00a0novel\u00a0of\u00a0theological\u00a0and\u00a0historical\u00a0fiction\u00a0by\u00a0Japanese\u00a0author\u00a0Sh\u016bsaku\u00a0End\u014d,\u00a0published\u00a0in\u00a0English\u00a0by\u00a0Peter\u00a0Owen\u00a0Publishers.\u00a0\u00a0It\u00a0is\u00a0the\u00a0story\u00a0of\u00a0a\u00a0Jesuit\u00a0missionary\u00a0sent\u00a0to\u00a017th\u00a0century\u00a0Japan,\u00a0who\u00a0endures\u00a0persecution\u00a0in\u00a0the\u00a0time\u00a0of\u00a0Kakure\u00a0Kirishitan\u00a0(\"Hidden\u00a0Christians\")\u00a0that\u00a0followed\u00a0the\u00a0defeat\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0Shimabara\u00a0Rebellion.\u00a0\u00a0The\u00a0recipient\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a01966\u00a0Tanizaki\u00a0Prize,\u00a0it\u00a0has\u00a0been\u00a0called\u00a0\"Endo's\u00a0supreme\u00a0achievement\"\u00a0and\u00a0\"one\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0twentieth\u00a0century's\u00a0finest\u00a0novels\".\u00a0\u00a0Written\u00a0partly\u00a0in\u00a0the\u00a0form\u00a0of\u00a0a\u00a0letter\u00a0by\u00a0its\u00a0central\u00a0character,\u00a0the\u00a0theme\u00a0of\u00a0a\u00a0silent\u00a0God\u00a0who\u00a0accompanies\u00a0a\u00a0believer\u00a0in\u00a0adversity\u00a0was\u00a0greatly\u00a0influenced\u00a0by\u00a0the\u00a0Catholic\u00a0End\u014d's\u00a0experience\u00a0of\u00a0religious\u00a0discrimination\u00a0in\u00a0Japan,\u00a0culture\u00a0gap\u00a0in\u00a0France,\u00a0and\u00a0a\u00a0debilitating\u00a0bout\u00a0with\u00a0tuberculosis.`\nThe novel has been adapted to film twice, a 1971 Japanese film directed by Masahiro Shinoda (for which Endo co-wrote the screenplay), and a 2016 film directed by American filmmaker Martin Scorsese.\nThe young Portuguese Jesuit priest Sebasti\u00e3o Rodrigues (based on the historical Italian figure Giuseppe Chiara) travels to Japan to assist the local Church and investigate reports that his mentor, a Jesuit priest in Japan named Ferreira, based on Crist\u00f3v\u00e3o Ferreira, has committed apostasy. Less than half of the book is the written journal of Rodrigues, while the other half of the book is written either in the third person, or in the letters of others associated with the narrative. The novel relates the trials of Christians and the increasing hardship suffered by Rodrigues.\nRodrigues and his companion Francisco Garrpe (also a Jesuit priest) arrive in Japan in 1639. There they find the local Christian population driven underground. To ferret out hidden Christians, security officials force suspected Christians to trample on a *fumi-e*, a carved image of Christ. Those who refuse are imprisoned and killed by *ana-tsurushi*, which is by being hung upside down over a pit and slowly bled.","parent_id":"bfec0e3fd474158172b4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"bfec0e3fd474158172b4:1","document_content":"# Silence (End\u014d novel)\nRodrigues and Garrpe are eventually captured and forced to swim as Japanese Christians lay down their lives for the faith. There is no glory in these martyrdoms, as Rodrigues had always imagined -- only brutality and cruelty. Prior to the arrival of Rodrigues, the authorities had been attempting to force priests to renounce their faith by torturing them. Beginning with Ferreira, they torture other Christians as the priests look on, telling the priests that all they must do is renounce their faith in order to end the suffering of their flock.\nRodrigues\\' journal depicts his struggles: he understands suffering for the sake of one\\'s own faith; but he struggles over whether it is self-centered and unmerciful to refuse to recant when doing so will end another\\'s suffering. At the climactic moment, Rodrigues hears the moans of those who have recanted but are to remain in the pit until he tramples the image of Christ. As Rodrigues looks upon a *fumi-e*, Christ breaks his silence: \\\"You may trample. You may trample. I more than anyone know of the pain in your foot. You may trample. It was to be trampled on by men that I was born into this world. It was to share men\\'s pain that I carried my cross.\\\" Rodrigues puts his foot on the *fumi-e*.\nAn official tells Rodrigues, \\\"Father, it was not by us that you were defeated, but by this mudswamp, Japan.\\\"\n*Silence* received the Tanizaki Prize for the year\\'s best full-length literature. It has also been the subject of extensive analysis. In a review published by *The New Yorker*, John Updike called *Silence* \\\"a remarkable work, a sombre, delicate, and startlingly empathetic study of a young Portuguese missionary during the relentless persecution of the Japanese Christians in the early seventeenth century.\\\" William Cavanaugh highlights the novel\\'s \\\"deep moral ambiguity\\\" due to the depiction of a God who \\\"has chosen not to eliminate suffering, but to suffer with humanity.\\\"","parent_id":"bfec0e3fd474158172b4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"bfec0e3fd474158172b4:2","document_content":"# Silence (End\u014d novel)\n*Silence* was not immediately successful among Japanese Catholics, who were among some of the novel\\'s harshest critics. Instead, the novel\\'s popularity was boosted by \\\"left-wing college students\\\" who saw a connection to the plight of Japanese Marxists in the circumstances of Rodrigues. The novel was notably compared to Graham Greene\\'s *The Power and the Glory*, leading Endo to be referred to as \\\"the Graham Greene of Japan.\\\"\n\n### Stage\nBesides Endo\\'s stage version, *The Golden Country*, there have been several adaptations.\n\n### Films\nMasahiro Shinoda directed the 1971 film *Silence*, an adaptation from the novel.\nIt was re-adapted by Jo\u00e3o M\u00e1rio Grilo as *The Eyes of Asia* in 1996.\nIn 2016, the novel was adapted into a film, also named *Silence*, directed by Martin Scorsese, written by Jay Cocks and Scorsese, and starring Andrew Garfield, Adam Driver, Liam Neeson, Tadanobu Asano and Ciar\u00e1n Hinds. The film premiered at the Pontifical Oriental Institute in Rome on November 29, 2016.\n\n### Music\nComposer and poet Teizo Matsumura wrote the libretto and music for an opera with the same title, which was premiered at the New National Theatre in Tokyo in 2000. The novel inspired Symphony no. 3, \\\"Silence\\\", composed in 2002 by Scottish musician James MacMillan.\n- History of Roman Catholicism in Japan\n- Urakami Cathedral","parent_id":"bfec0e3fd474158172b4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"22b8e8888de9e0981963:0","document_content":"# The Blue Umbrella\n***The Blue Umbrella*** is a 1980 Indian novel written by Ruskin Bond. It was adapted into 2005 Hindi film by the same name, directed by Vishal Bhardwaj, which later won the National Film Award for Best Children\\'s Film. In 2012, the novel was adapted into a comic by *Amar Chitra Katha* publications, titled, *The Blue Umbrella -- Stories by Ruskin Bond*, and included another story, *Angry River*. This story appeared in Bond\\'s collection of short stories, *Children\\'s Omnibus*.\nIn the village of Garhwal lives a girl named Binya.\nIn the village, Ram Bharosa keeps an old shop and sells Coca-Cola with no ice, tea, curd and sweets. One day, Binya receives a beautiful blue umbrella by some foreigners in exchange for her leopard claw pendant. Soon, the shopkeeper becomes jealous of the umbrella and tries to buy it from Binya by claiming, \\\"This is a fancy umbrella which small girls should not have\\\", but Binya refuses. As time passes, Ram\\'s jealousy of the umbrella turns into an obsession. He employs a boy named Rajaram from the next village to work at the shop. When Rajaram learns of his boss\\' desire to own the umbrella, he makes an attempt to steal it but fails and is caught. Rajaram then gives up Ram\\'s name, causing his shop to be boycotted. Ram is now remorseful of his actions and miserable. Binya realizes her showing off the blue umbrella indirectly led to Ram\\'s suffering. In the end, Binya willingly gives the umbrella to Ram, who in turn gifts her a bear claw pendant.","parent_id":"22b8e8888de9e0981963","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"75b991b1c06a26fbce49:0","document_content":"# Gukansh\u014d\n`is\u00a0a\u00a0historical\u00a0and\u00a0literary\u00a0work\u00a0about\u00a0the\u00a0history\u00a0of\u00a0Japan.\u00a0Seven\u00a0volumes\u00a0in\u00a0length,\u00a0it\u00a0was\u00a0composed\u00a0by\u00a0Buddhist\u00a0priest\u00a0Jien\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0Tendai\u00a0sect\u00a0c.\u00a01220.\u00a0\u00a0`\nJien, the author of *Gukansh\u014d* (as rendered in a portrait found in the *Ogura Hyakunin Isshu*.)\nPolitical problems arising from the relations between the Imperial government and the *bakufu* inspired Jien to write. Jien was the son of Fujiwara no Tadamichi, and his insider\\'s perspective ensured that his work would have a distinct point-of-view. Rather than working towards an absence of bias, he embraced it; and *Gukansh\u014d* is fairly described as a work of historical argument. The writer does try to approach Japan\\'s past in a new way, but he does so under the influences of old historical and genealogical interests.\nThe text is composed of three major sections:\n1.  Volumes 1 and 2 consist of imperial chronicle beginning with Emperor Jimmu and concluding with Emperor Juntoku.\n2.  Volumes 3 through 6 present a historical description focusing on political transitions.\n3.  Volume 7 offers a summary of the contemporary state of the Japanese polity.\nThe careful writer attempted to apply Buddhist principles such as *mapp\u014d* to the process of developing a chronicle of people and events. He was also self-consciously focused on the application of Buddhist principles in the analysis of Japanese history. However, Jien could never completely divorce his position as a son and brother of Fujiwara *kogy\u016b* officials from his position as a priest who studied and practiced Buddhism.\n- Historiographical Institute of the University of Tokyo\n- International Research Center for Japanese Studies\n- Japanese Historical Text Initiative\n- Historiography of Japan","parent_id":"75b991b1c06a26fbce49","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cd7e10edc6a626764a44:0","document_content":"# Girl with a Pearl Earring (novel)\n***Girl with a Pearl Earring*** is a 1999 historical novel written by Tracy Chevalier. Set in 17th-century Delft, Holland, the novel was inspired by local painter Johannes Vermeer\\'s *Girl with a Pearl Earring*. Chevalier presents a fictional account of Vermeer, the model and the painting. The novel was adapted into a 2003 film of the same name and a 2008 play. In May 2020, BBC Radio 4 broadcast a new dramatisation of the novel.\nTracy Chevalier\\'s inspiration for the novel was a poster of Johannes Vermeer\\'s *Girl with a Pearl Earring*. She had bought the poster as a nineteen-year-old and it hung wherever she lived for sixteen years. Chevalier noted that the \\\"ambiguous look\\\" on the girl\\'s face left a lasting impression on her. She describes the girl\\'s expression \\\"to be a mass of contradictions: innocent yet experienced, joyous yet tearful, full of longing and yet full of loss.\\\" She began to think of \\\"the story behind that look\", imagining it as directed at the painter.","parent_id":"cd7e10edc6a626764a44","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cd7e10edc6a626764a44:1","document_content":"# Girl with a Pearl Earring (novel)\nChevalier\\'s research included reading the history of the period, studying the paintings of Vermeer and his peers, and spending several days in Delft. Pregnant at the time of researching and writing, she finished the work in eight months because she had a \\\"biological deadline\\\".\nSixteen-year-old Griet has to leave her family home in Delft in 1664 after her father is blinded in an accident. As a tile-painter, her father is a member of the artists' guild, so employment is found for her as a maid in painter Johannes Vermeer\\'s household. In the strictly stratified society of the time, this is a fall in status because of the bad reputation that maids have for stealing, spying and sleeping with their employers. A further complication is that the Vermeers belong to the grudgingly tolerated Catholic minority while Griet is a Protestant. At their home, she befriends the family\\'s oldest daughter, Maertge, but is never on good terms with the spiteful Cornelia, a younger daughter who takes after her class-conscious mother, Catharina. Griet also finds it difficult to keep on the right side of Tanneke, the other house servant, who is moody and jealous.\nGriet lives for two years at her employers' and is only allowed to visit her home on Sundays, where the family circle is breaking up. Her younger brother Frans is apprenticed outside and eventually her younger sister Agnes dies of the plague. But during the early months of her work at the Vermeers\\', Pieter, the son of the family butcher at the meat market, starts courting Griet. She has been strictly brought up and does not welcome this at first, but tolerates his interest because it is of advantage to her impoverished parents.","parent_id":"cd7e10edc6a626764a44","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cd7e10edc6a626764a44:2","document_content":"# Girl with a Pearl Earring (novel)\nGriet is increasingly fascinated by Vermeer\\'s paintings. Vermeer discovers that Griet has an eye for art and secretly asks her to run errands and perform tasks for him, such as mixing and grinding colors for his paints and acting as a substitute model. This takes up much of her time, and Griet arouses the suspicions of Catharina, but Vermeer\\'s mother-in-law, Maria Thins, recognizes Griet\\'s presence as a steadying and catalyzing force in Vermeer\\'s career and connives at the domestic arrangements that allow her to devote more time to his service. However, Griet is warned by Vermeer\\'s friend, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, not to get too close to the artist because he is more interested in painting than he is in people. Realizing that this is true, Griet remains cautious.\nVermeer\\'s wealthy but licentious patron, Pieter van Ruijven, notices \"the wide-eyed maid\", molests her when he can and pressures Vermeer to paint them together, as he had with an earlier maid that Van Ruijven had then made pregnant. Griet and Vermeer are therefore reluctant to fulfil this request and eventually Vermeer comes up with a compromise. Van Ruijven will be painted with members of his own family and Vermeer will paint a portrait of Griet by herself which is to be sold to Van Ruijven. For the painting, he forces her to pierce her ears and wear his wife\\'s pearl earrings without her permission. Cornelia seizes the chance to let Catharina discover this and in the resulting scandal Vermeer remains silent and Griet is forced to leave.","parent_id":"cd7e10edc6a626764a44","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cd7e10edc6a626764a44:3","document_content":"# Girl with a Pearl Earring (novel)\nTen years later, long after Griet has married Pieter and settled into life as a mother and butcher\\'s wife, she is called back to the house following Vermeer\\'s death. Griet assumes that Vermeer\\'s widow wishes to settle the household\\'s unpaid butcher's bill. There Griet learns that Vermeer had asked for her painting to be hung in the room as he was dying. In addition, though the family is now poorer, Vermeer\\'s will has included a request that Griet receive the pearl earrings that she wore when he painted her, which Van Leeuwenhoek forces Catharina to hand over. Griet realizes, however, that she could no more wear them as a butcher\\'s wife than she could have as a maid. She therefore decides to pawn the earrings and pay the fifteen guilders owed to her husband from the price.\nThe novel was published in Britain in 1999 and a year later in the United States, where it became a *New York Times* bestseller. It was nominated for several fiction prizes, and won the Barnes & Noble Discover Award in 2000 and the 2001 Alex Award for books that have special appeal to young adults. In 2001 Plume released the U.S. paperback edition with an initial print-run of 120,000 copies; a year later the book had been reprinted 18 times with close to two million copies sold. In 2005 HarperCollins brought out a UK special edition with nine colour plates of Vermeer paintings, published in celebration of one million copies sold.\n*The New York Times* described the work as a \\\"brainy novel whose passion is ideas\\\"; *Atlantic Monthly* praised Chevalier\\'s effort \\\"in creating the feel of a society with sharp divisions in status and creed\". However, *Publishers Weekly* noted details that \"threaten to rob the narrative of its credibility. Griet\\'s ability to suggest to Vermeer how to improve a painting demands one stretch of the reader\\'s imagination. And Vermeer\\'s acknowledgment of his debt to her, revealed in the denouement, is a blatant nod to sentimentality\". Details were also called into question by the art historian Gary Schwarz, particularly the simplistic portrayal of the Catholic\/Protestant division in a country where the differences between Protestants were equally important.","parent_id":"cd7e10edc6a626764a44","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cd7e10edc6a626764a44:4","document_content":"# Girl with a Pearl Earring (novel)\nAs well as the high English-language sales, the novel's popularity has seen it translated into most European languages and in Asia into Turkish, Georgian, Persian, Indonesian, Thai, Vietnamese, Chinese and Korean.\nIn Chevalier\\'s fictional account, the character Griet is the model for Vermeer\\'s painting\nRather than writing a story of Vermeer having an illicit relationship with the household maid, Chevalier builds tension in the work with the depiction of their restraint. As *Time* magazine notes, Chevalier presents \\\"an exquisitely controlled exercise that illustrates how temptation is restrained for the sake of art\\\". The restraint is also a function of the distanced style that Chevalier chose for her narrator, Griet. It has been noted that its aim is to replicate Vermeer's style of painting. It concentrates particularly on visual detail, both in the appearance of characters and of domestic surroundings, and their spatial placing in relation to each other.\nIt is this cool approach that differentiates the book from the three other novels published in 1999 which also deal with 17th century Dutch painting. Susan Vreeland's *Girl in Hyacinth Blue* is a set of stories centred upon a supposedly lost painting by Vermeer; and Katharine Weber's *The Music Lesson* deals with the stolen Vermeer painting of that title. Deborah Moggach's *Tulip Fever*, on the other hand, is set in Amsterdam and also deals with the love between a painter and his subject. In addition, it too started from an attempt to decipher the enigmatic look of the sitter in a painting of the period.\nAnother theme - that is demonstrated in the narration rather than commented on overtly - is how women of that time, in Lisa Fletcher's words, \"did not own their bodies, but were the possessions first of their parents, then of their employers, and finally of their husbands. As the novel progresses, Griet becomes increasingly aware that she is 'for sale'\\\". She is given no choice by her parents over whether or where she will work. Van Ruijven and other characters assume she is sexually available simply because she is an unchaperoned maid. And once Pieter becomes Griet's accepted suitor, her parents leave her alone to his physical advances, anticipating that the match will be to their benefit.","parent_id":"cd7e10edc6a626764a44","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cd7e10edc6a626764a44:5","document_content":"# Girl with a Pearl Earring (novel)\n### Historical materials\nApart from *Girl with a Pearl Earring* itself, in which Griet is the sitter, several more of Vermeer's paintings feature in Chevalier's novel. At the very start, *View of Delft* is recalled by Griet's father. When Griet enters the household, Vermeer is working on *Woman with a Pearl Necklace* and Tanneke mentions soon after that she had been Vermeer's model for *The Milkmaid*. His next subject is *Woman with a Water Jug*, for which the baker's daughter models. Griet describes the painting to her father and also witnesses its creation in closer detail now that she is helping in the studio. Van Ruijven's wife (Maria de Knuijt) later models for *A Lady Writing a Letter*. During this episode it is recalled that she had previously appeared in *Woman with a Lute* and that her husband had seduced the maid who sat for *The Girl with the Wine Glass*. Van Ruijven himself, a sister and a daughter, figure in *The Concert*, which is conceived of as a successor to *The Music Lesson*. A further painting, *The Procuress*, is not Vermeer's painting of that title but a genre piece by Dirck van Baburen that belongs to Maria Thins. This hangs on the wall to the right of *The Concert*. Finally we hear from Vermeer\\'s daughter Maertge that she has been painted, a reference to *Study of a Young Woman*.","parent_id":"cd7e10edc6a626764a44","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cd7e10edc6a626764a44:6","document_content":"# Girl with a Pearl Earring (novel)\n### Historical materials\nThese paintings that survive compensate for the lack of much real information available in the historical record about the main male characters. That has allowed Chevalier to integrate into her imaginary scenario some of the few facts that are known about Vermeer and so give her fiction the appearance of reality. But scarcity of evidence extends outside the Vermeer household as well. Although Antonie van Leeuwenhoek is known to have acted as executor to Vermeer's will, there is no documentary proof of friendship between the two. Van Leeuwenhoek was certainly interested in optical devices and it has been speculated that Vermeer made use of a camera obscura, but that is as far as the evidence goes. Again, there is a high level of probability that Pieter van Ruijven was Vermeer's patron, since 21 of the artist's paintings belonged to his estate, but no documentary evidence survives. And there is certainly not the slightest hint that he was the sexual predator that Chevalier portrays.\nSuch considerations are important since, as Lisa Fletcher argues, historical novels \"intervene in our view of the past\" and influence our reaction to it in the present. Thus it was noted that the 2001 exhibition of \"Vermeer and the Delft School\" at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York \"attracted almost twice the number of visitors than the Vermeer exhibition held at the National Gallery of Art in Washington in 1996. For Walter Liedtke, the gallery\\'s curator of European paintings, the success of the exhibition was due, at least in part, to Chevalier\\'s novel.\"\n- Girl with a Pearl Earring (film)\n- Girl with a Pearl Earring (play)\n- Tracy Chevalier, Girl with a Pearl Earring, HarperCollins paperback, London 2000\n- Lisa Fletcher, Chevalier\\'s Girl with a Pearl Earring, Insight Publications 2012\n- Lisa Fletcher, \\\"His paintings don\\'t tell stories\\...\\\": Historical Romance and Vermeer, Sheffield Hallam University","parent_id":"cd7e10edc6a626764a44","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f6f144ef3f8292135321:0","document_content":"# Empire from the Ashes\n***Empire from the Ashes*** is an omnibus collection of science fiction novels by American writer David Weber.\nPublished in 2003 by Baen Books, it is an omnibus reissue of Weber\\'s *Dahak* trilogy, including *Mutineers\\' Moon*, *The Armageddon Inheritance* and *Heirs of Empire*.\nThe trilogy\\'s protagonist is Colin MacIntyre, who is on a routine training flight over the Moon when it reveals itself to be Dahak, a self-aware space battle planetoid millennia old. MacIntyre and Dahak defeat Dahak\\'s previous enemies and restore a galactic empire.\n- *Moonfall* (film), a 2022 American science fiction film about the Moon being a spaceship from a fallen human civilization that seeded the Earth with humanity","parent_id":"f6f144ef3f8292135321","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"aad22dc448a03c6da030:0","document_content":"# A Pack of Liars\n***A Pack of Liars*** is a children fiction novel by Anne Fine. It was first published by Hamish Hamilton in 1988. It won the Dillons\/Puffin Birmingham Book Award in 1991.\nAnne Fine has won numerous awards over the years including the Carnegie Medal and the British Book Awards both in 1990 and 1993.","parent_id":"aad22dc448a03c6da030","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"166c5bc956fd3d4774ef:0","document_content":"# Flour Babies\n***Flour Babies*** is a day school novel for young adults, written by Anne Fine and published by Hamilton in 1992. It features a group \\\"science experiment\\\" in a classroom full of underachieving students: \\\"When his class of underachievers is assigned to spend three torturous weeks taking care of their own \\\"babies\\\" in the form of bags of flour, Simon makes amazing discoveries about himself while coming to terms with his long-absent father. Many year 6 students will do this project to teach them about responsibilities. \\\"\nFine won the annual Carnegie Medal from the Library Association, recognising the year\\'s best children\\'s book by a British subject. She is one of eight writers with two such honours (no one has won three), having won the 1986 Medal for *Goggle-Eyes*. The earlier book uses a day school frame to recount a story of family life.\nLittle, Brown published the first U.S. edition in 1994. The teachers were renamed and the students were moved from \\\"class 4C\\\" to \\\"Room 8\\\" for the American audience. Some libraries report the title *Flour babies and the boys of Room 8*.","parent_id":"166c5bc956fd3d4774ef","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"166c5bc956fd3d4774ef:1","document_content":"# Flour Babies\nThe story centres around Simon Martin, a pupil in class 4C at an unnamed school. 4C is the class reserved for the school\\'s worst students. As it so happens, a new student has arrived at the school, and, by sheer coincidence, his name is Martin Simon. The two boys are the complete antithesis of each other -- Martin Simon passed all his science exams with flying colours, reads voraciously and even speaks and reads French fluently. The class teacher, Mr.\u00a0Cartright, sends the boy to Dr.\u00a0Feltham\\'s class, and Simon, who had been sent there by accident, soon arrives. The class are choosing their options for their contribution to the school Science Fair. They wish they could work on one of the most exciting experiments -- The Exploding Custard Tins, Soap Factory, or Maggot Farm, for example -- but these have been reserved for those who passed their science exams. As a result, 4C have ended up having to choose between a series of boring experiments. First they have to choose a topic -- their options are consumer studies, textiles, child development, nutrition, and domestic economy. Simon Martin is given the task of pulling a voting slip out of a tub; Martin Simon\\'s slip comes out, and the topic he has chosen is \\\"child development\\\".","parent_id":"166c5bc956fd3d4774ef","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"166c5bc956fd3d4774ef:2","document_content":"# Flour Babies\nThe experiment which Dr.\u00a0Feltham (an eccentric science teacher who organises the fair) has chosen for child development is \\'Flour Babies\\'. Each boy is given a six-pound bag of flour, in rags to form the look of a baby, and he must care for it at all times, as if it were a real baby. They must also write a diary explaining how they cope with this responsibility. Needless to say, the boys are not happy with this experiment, and neither is their teacher. But Simon misunderstands a conversation he overhears between Dr.\u00a0Feltham and Mr.\u00a0Cartright, and thinks that they will get to kick the flour babies to bits at the end. Mr.\u00a0Cartright decides to pick another topic, but Simon has already mistakenly informed the class about kicking the babies to bits; they like the idea and press gang him into letting them do the experiment. Simon becomes fond of his flour baby, while the others complain. Simon reflects on his own childhood: his Dad left home when Simon was just six weeks old, and never came back. His relationship with his mother has always been precarious, and Simon now begins to learn about the pressures of parenthood.","parent_id":"166c5bc956fd3d4774ef","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a71ca555c6d6193fc6fa:0","document_content":"# Angry River\n***Angry River*** is a 1972 children\\'s novel by Indian author Ruskin Bond illustrated by Trevor Stubley. It was published in India and England and translated into Dutch, French, and Hindi.\n*Angry River* is a children\\'s novel by Ruskin Bond. The story is about Sita, a girl who lives with her grandparents in a hut on an island. One of the walls of their hut leans against a rock and the other three walls are made of mud. They lead a very simple lifestyle. While her grandfather works outside, Sita and her grandmother work in the house. Suddenly, Sita\\'s grandmother becomes extremely ill and Sita\\'s grandfather plans to take her grandmother to the hospital in town. He leaves in a boat with three of his goats and tells Sita that he will be back in a few days. He also warns her of the rain, saying that it might cause a flood and that if the level of the water goes very high, she must climb the big peepal tree on the island.","parent_id":"a71ca555c6d6193fc6fa","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a71ca555c6d6193fc6fa:1","document_content":"# Angry River\nSoon, it begins to rain heavily. Sita goes outside and realizes that there is a flood that looks like a raging river. She sees a few things floating around her in the water. She hurriedly packs some spices, fish, some of her grandmother\\'s things and she forgets about her dear doll, Mumta. Then she climbs the peepal tree and finds a crow as her companion. Then, the tree is suddenly uprooted in the stormy rain and takes Sita afloat on the river. On the way, Sita sees the tantrum caused by the tumultuous rain and realises the misery of her fellow beings. The tree suddenly turns to the midstream of the river which frightens Sita. A boy rescues her by taking her along with him on his boat. He rows the boat hard to get away from the midstream. Once the two are out of danger, the boy introduces himself as Krishan. They ate mangoes that were on the boat. Never before did Sita eat mangoes that were as sweet as those Krishan had offered. Sita later learns that her grandmother had died and she returns to the island with her grandfather to build a new house and continue life without her doll Mumta and her grandmother. Afterwards, Krishan visits Sita and teaches her how to play the flute he had earlier gifted Sita.\nMeena Khorana in her study of Ruskin Bond\\'s life and works cites *Angry River* as an example of his works\\' rootedness in the culture and traditions of India.","parent_id":"a71ca555c6d6193fc6fa","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"9b03db9049bcc77232fa:0","document_content":"# La Petite Fadette\n***La Petite Fadette***, also published in English under the titles ***Little Fadette. A Domestic Story*** (1849), ***Fadette. A Domestic Story*** (1851) and ***Little Fadette*** (1967), is an 1849 novel written by French novelist George Sand, born Amantine Dupin. Sand wrote the rural story together with *La Mare au Diable* and *Fran\u00e7ois le Champi* in the 1840s as she returned from Paris to the countryside of Ch\u00e2teauroux. The novel is one of Sand\\'s best known today.\nThe novel takes place in the 19th-century French countryside. The parents of Landry and Sylvinet, identical twin brothers, who are respectable and relatively rich farmers, do not follow the advice that is given at the twins\\' birth to keep separating and distinguishing them from each other while they are still young. Consequently, the twins grow up together. Although they are opposites, with Landry the less emotional, more conventionally strong twin, and Sylvinet, the less physically strong and more emotional one, the twins both love each other more than anything else. When they are 14 years old, the plot takes a turn. Due to the family\\'s dire financial straits, one twin has to leave to work in a neighbouring farm, and Landry is chosen. Landry tries to hide his distress out of pride, unlike Sylvinet, who cries and is very demonstrative. Sylvinet does not understand how Landry can pretend to want to leave home. He is therefore hurt, and he responds angrily and emotionally to the separation, disappearing into the woods.\nWhen looking for his brother in the woods, Landry encounters Fadette. Fadette lives with her younger brother and a grandmother who makes the two children work constantly. The children are despised and looked down upon by the other villagers for being different. The children are known as \\\"witches\\\" and indeed often appear unkempt, covered in dirt, and at one with the elements. When Fadette helps Landry to find his brother, she makes him promise to return the favor. She helps Landry cross a small river, on the other end of which he finds his brother.","parent_id":"9b03db9049bcc77232fa","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"9b03db9049bcc77232fa:1","document_content":"# La Petite Fadette\nAt the next village f\u00eate, Fadette asks Landry to dance with her and only her. Landry is angered, though he knows he has promised to fulfill the favor. He is ashamed to be associated with Fadette due to her reputation as a witch and is disappointed, as Madelon, the most beautiful and coquettish girl in town, wants to dance with him instead. However, he reluctantly keeps his promise and even defends Fadette when the village boys attack her. Moved but embarrassed by the gesture, Fadette tells Landry to dance with whomever he wants and leaves the party. However, Landry goes after her and hears her crying. They talk at length in the dark village, and Landry realises that she is a very sweet, sensible, and intelligent person, and begins to fall in love with the little Fadette. He even wants to kiss her but she refuses, telling him that he will regret it the next day.\nFadette is right; the next day, Landry remembers her dirty face, and does not understand how he could have felt such an attraction for her. But soon after, he overhears a conversation between Fadette and Madelon that emphasizes that Fadette is kind and humble and the other girl is vain and proud. His feelings are then revived. He asks Fadette to marry him; a secret engagement.\nSylvinet is aware that something is different about his brother and that the relationship between them has changed. He suffers deeply and behaves badly in the eyes of everyone around him. Sylvinet then discovers their secret but keeps it to himself. It is when Madelon finds out that the news is spread through the village. Everyone, including Landry\\'s parents, are shocked and urge him to end the relationship immediately. Landry refuses but Fadette decides to leave town to put an end to the scandal and talk. Some time after, Landry decides to leave since, due to Sylvinet\\'s increasing anger and depression toward him, the twins\\' relationship has begun to fracture.","parent_id":"9b03db9049bcc77232fa","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"9b03db9049bcc77232fa:2","document_content":"# La Petite Fadette\nWhen Fadette returns to town, she has become a prosperous, attractive, and reputable young woman. After her grandmother\\'s death, she inherits a surprisingly large amount of money and is able to look after herself and her brother properly. Now everyone in the village is forced to finally acknowledge her merits and even Landry\\'s parents approve of their engagement. But jealousy is making Sylvinet more and more disgruntled and even physically ill.\u00a0Although he initially refuses to see Fadette, she actually manages to cure Sylvinet and he finally accepts her. After Landry and Fadette are married, Sylvinet enlists in the army and leaves the provinces. Landry is not aware of Sylvinet\\'s feeling, but in a twist of irony, it turns out that his mother and probably Fadette have suspected all along that Sylvinet is in love with Fadette. Thus his final enlistment is an act of sacrifice, as he does not want to stand in the way of his brother\\'s happiness.\nThe novel was translated into English and published in 1900 by Henry Holt and Company, and an updated critical translation by Gretchen van Slyke was published by Penn State University Press in 2017.\nA 1915 silent film, Fanchon the Cricket, starring Mary Pickford, was based on the novel.\nA 2004 French television movie was directed by Micha\u00ebla Watteaux.","parent_id":"9b03db9049bcc77232fa","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2a447fc13635e3e693d4:0","document_content":"# Trumpet (novel)\n***Trumpet*** is the debut novel from Scottish writer and poet Jackie Kay, published in 1998. It chronicles the life and death of fictional jazz artist Joss Moody through the recollections of his family, friends and those who came in contact with him at his death. Kay stated in an interview that her novel was inspired by the life of Billy Tipton, an American jazz musician who lived with the secret of being transgender.\nThe novel begins just after the main character, Joss Moody, a famous jazz trumpeter, passes away. After his death, it is revealed that his biological sex was female, causing a news rush and attracting paparazzi, leading his widow, Millie, to flee to a vacation home. The truth was unknown to anyone except Millie; the Moodys lived their life as a normal married couple with a normal house and a normal family, and not even Colman, their adopted son, knew the truth. When Joss dies and the truth is revealed, Colman\\'s shock spills into bitterness and he seeks revenge. He vents his rage about his father\\'s lie by uncovering Joss\\'s life to Sophie, an eager tabloid journalist craving to write the next bestseller. After time, and a visit to Joss\\'s mother Edith Moore, Colman eventually finds love for his father muddled together with his rage. With his new-found acceptance of both his father and himself, Colman decides not to follow through with the book deal. All the while, Millie deals with her grief and the scandal in private turmoil at the Moodys\\' vacation home, and a variety of characters whose paths have crossed with Joss\\'s give accounts of their memories and experiences. Each character aside from Sophie appears to either accept Joss\\'s identity or regard it as irrelevant.\n*Trumpet* is mostly set in London in 1997. Memories of Joss\\'s life give the book\\'s setting a 70-year span beginning in 1927. Most of these memories are set in Glasgow in the 1960s, referring to locations such as The Barrowlands music venue at the start of Joss and Millie\\'s relationship and their early marriage. Although much of the story takes place in London where the Moodys lived, it jumps back and forth between the city and the Scottish seaside home where Millie goes to escape the scandal and grieve in peace. The novel\\'s end is set entirely in Scotland, where Colman and Sophie go to investigate Joss\\'s birthplace.","parent_id":"2a447fc13635e3e693d4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2a447fc13635e3e693d4:1","document_content":"# Trumpet (novel)\n*Trumpet* is written with an intricate narration, incorporating many characters\\' points of view. The narration varies by chapter. Most of the story is told from the first-person perspective of Joss\\'s wife Millie, his son Colman, and the journalist Sophie Stones. The narration often takes the form of the inner thoughts of these three characters, including visitations of their memories. Some chapters are Colman responding to Sophie Stones\\' interview. In addition, chapters told from a third-person omniscient narrator contribute to the story, each focusing on a different minor character, such as the funeral director or Joss\\'s drummer.\nJackie Kay\\'s choice to narrate Joss Moody\\'s life through the voice of the people who he encountered\/loved\/played music with in life and death captures the function and consequences of trans necropolitics.","parent_id":"2a447fc13635e3e693d4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2a447fc13635e3e693d4:2","document_content":"# Trumpet (novel)\n- The central character is **Joss Moody**, a famous Black jazz musician. The novel begins in the wake of his death. Assigned female at birth and named Josephine Moore, Joss is transgender. He becomes a famous trumpet player and devotes his life to his passion of music. Joss is portrayed as a passionate lover, strict father, energetic friend, and dedicated artist.\n- **Millie Moody**, a white woman, is married to Joss. As a young adult, she falls in love with Joss, and her passion is strong enough to overcome the truth about his original gender. After his death, Millie is devastated. Although she outwardly handles herself with grace and composure, Millie\\'s heart is broken. Millie is a loving, sympathetic character living out the cycles of grief under an unwanted spotlight.\n- **Colman Moody** is the adopted son of Millie and Joss. He is of mixed race. As a child, Colman was often difficult and misbehaved. Upon his father\\'s death, Colman, aged 30, discovers that his father was assigned female at birth, and experiences a range of emotions including confusion, anger, embarrassment, and grief, which drives him to cooperate with a journalist, Sophie Stones, in her attempt to write Joss Moody\\'s story.\n- **Edith Moore** is Joss Moody\\'s mother. She enters the novel only at the end. She is seen as she grows old in a retirement home, without knowing that Joss had been living as a male.\n- **Sophie Stones** is a journalist who seeks to write a novel about the revelation of Joss Moody\\'s identity, seeing it as a lucrative opportunity for her career. She expresses more overtly prejudiced and transphobic views regarding Joss\\'s identity than others in the novel do.","parent_id":"2a447fc13635e3e693d4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2a447fc13635e3e693d4:3","document_content":"# Trumpet (novel)\n### Identity\nThis element may be divided in three main subcategories: gender identity, cultural identity and racial identity. They are all developed under the main \\\"umbrella-term\\\" of identity, but also develop in their own specificity during the narration. It explores dualities such as male\/female, Black\/white, and famous\/non-famous. Joss\\'s experiences are shaped by his transgender identity and his identity as a Black Scottish man. Colman, for his part, not only grapples with his Black and Scottish identities, but also with his complex self-identity due to being adopted. The theme of identity is particularly explored through the novel\\'s focus on names, and the changing of names, as an integral part of one\\'s identity.","parent_id":"2a447fc13635e3e693d4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2a447fc13635e3e693d4:4","document_content":"# Trumpet (novel)\n### Identity\n- Gender identity: the unravelling of these categories is among the novel\\'s most highlighted themes, meaning that it is the first necessary step to develop and build an identity for many of the characters. As well as Joss, this also applies to other characters such as Millie, who never regards herself as a lesbian since she always sees Joss as a trans man, whereas society and other characters do not. After what appears to be a fight for the right to not conform to gender-assigned roles, after Joss\\'s death, he is forced back into a categorised role delegated by a binary and heteronormative society.\n- Cultural identity: the novel\\'s principal setting is in Scotland in the mid-20th century, with the storyline spanning from 1927 till 1997, a period of significant change. Scotland is presented as a fundamentally traditional, orthodox, conservative country where the question of identity is not even asked. Many references to the patriarchal culture are seen throughout the narration, as well as in the actions of the characters (i.e., improper use of the \\\"she\/her\\\" pronouns by the journalist when referring to Joss; Colman\\'s sexual desire in order to maintain, or define, his own masculinity, virility and manhood).\n- Race identity: Race is also an important component in the identity of the characters. Joss is a Black man, a son of the Scottish nation, but lives in a country which hardly recognizes his social status as minority. There is a parallel here with author Jackie Kay, who also grew up in Scotland and was Scottish through her mother and Nigerian through her father. Her life and that of one of the main characters (Joss) both are a mixture of backgrounds, and similarities can emerge between the two personalities. Living in Scotland she belonged to a true minority group of British Blacks, since, according to National Statistics publication for Scotland, only 1% of the Scottish population belongs to African, Caribbean or Black ethnic groups.","parent_id":"2a447fc13635e3e693d4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2a447fc13635e3e693d4:5","document_content":"# Trumpet (novel)\n### The \\\"manhood\\\" question in Colman\nColman is angry at Joss because his father had a female body. In Colman\\'s view, Joss is not following the gender role imposed by the patriarchal society, that he (Colman) conforms to, as seen in the scene where Colman wants to have anal sex with the journalist to impose control on her, as an expression of the culture of possession, a crucial element in a patriarchal system. Colman marginalizes his father despite knowing himself how it feels to be marginalized, especially in a European context where there are significant challenges associated with being Black. Colman feels that his male identity is being questioned after his father\\'s death because he loses a sense of attachment to the safety and assurance from the patriarchal culture and system. In this sense Colman categorizes people in the same way that he is marginalized by others.\n\n### Sex\nThe novel appears to depict sex in two different ways: the first between Millie and Joss, described in the book\\'s very first pages where it is evident that Joss was assigned a female gender at birth. Millie and Joss enjoy a genuine, lovely, naive relationship. The second depiction is the form of sex used by Colman as a tool of revenge. Colman\\'s relationship with sex appears affected by the trauma of discovering that his father had female genitalia, but may also be linked to the possessive nature of the patriarchal system.","parent_id":"2a447fc13635e3e693d4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2a447fc13635e3e693d4:6","document_content":"# Trumpet (novel)\n### Music, role of jazz and the trumpet\nJazz music, and music\\'s role in general in Black culture, is a form of expression through which Joss demonstrates his identity through an undeniable ability to play music. Music comes to be a liberating practice. Every individual character seems to be an instrument and a part of a musical narration where the union of the characters becomes an orchestra. Jazz\\'s role in this novel shows a sharp contrast to other dominant themes. Amidst a strong duality of themes (notably male and female, Black and white) jazz on the other hand offers freedom and detachment from social norms and constrictions. Appreciating Joss\\'s ability to find comfort in his music, and of course the symbolism in the trumpet he played (which has a phallic shape) music in this novel plays a vital role in liberating the characters from societal norms. It is a consistent, unchanging theme throughout the novel. Even when Joss\\'s gender is revealed, the love of jazz remains, so much so that his friend and partner Big Red defends him even after his death. Joss builds his public identity through music and with an instrument which, casually or not, may remind him of the organ he does not have. Joss found his masculinity in jazz music, whereas Colman identifies his masculinity in his physique.\n\n### Transphobia\nMillie\\'s reaction is private when, in their first intimate encounter, she discovers that Joss has the body of a woman. She gets angry but later does not mind. This is not mentioned again in the book. The only transphobic remarks that appear come from people who were not privately linked to Joss, except for their son. The narrative reveals people\\'s reactions to the discovery after Joss\\' death, shown through their disorientation, disgust or just general transphobic comments. Miss Stones shows this clearly in her refusal to use the \\\"him\/his\\\" pronouns from the first time she talks about Joss, denying him legitimate recognition of his identity. Transphobia is shown against Joss and to all those he knew as well, starting with the disregard held for his family and friends\\' opinions of him, making it all the more difficult for him to be defended when he is not there to do it himself.","parent_id":"2a447fc13635e3e693d4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2a447fc13635e3e693d4:7","document_content":"# Trumpet (novel)\n### Passing\nThe novel examines a general perception that death is a moment that makes someone more vulnerable and exposed to the critiques from which one cannot defend oneself. Private life becomes public. Joss\\' identity is discussed and questioned, his body is accurately analyzed, and he cannot defend himself. The only attempt to defend Joss is made by his wife Millie, but at the end the defense appears weak, blurred and almost inconsistent. After his death he is treated as \\\"a Black queer monstrosity that can be met only with derision and turned into spectacle\\\", and the only thing Millie continues to do is refer to him using male pronouns.\n\n### Family relationships\nAnother theme in the novel is familial relationships, especially that between Joss and Colman. After his father\\'s death, Colman reflects on his childhood and how his relationship with his father has changed over time. There was tension in Joss and Colman\\'s relationship due to the fact that Colman was not as successful as his father. Their relationship is noticeably difficult starting from Colman\\'s adolescence, the time when typical secondary physical characteristics emerge and, in males, the body becomes physically \\\"masculine\\\". This tension increased upon Joss\\'s death and Colman\\'s discovery that his father was a trans man. At a certain point in the book, coinciding with Colman\\'s narration of a conspicuous part of his adolescence, Joss was said to develop a sort of envy for Colman\\'s body, potentially seeing attributes in him that he does not himself possess. However, the narrative is this part is from Colman\\'s point of view. The novel ends with Colman reading a letter Joss left for him, which talks about his own father.","parent_id":"2a447fc13635e3e693d4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2a447fc13635e3e693d4:8","document_content":"# Trumpet (novel)\n### Race and gender\nThe novel also explores issues around race and gender. Both Joss and Colman provide insights into the experiences of Black people in Britain and Scotland and the prejudices they experience. For instance, Millie\\'s mother initially objects to their marriage on account of Joss\\'s race. Joss not only had to learn how to navigate the world as a biracial Black person, but also as a transgender man. He had to learn how to pass as a man, and went to great lengths to ensure that no one found out he was trans besides Millie. The novel also explores the fluidity of gender perception, as characters frequently describe Joss\\'s face transforming, becoming more feminine upon learning his identity as transgender, despite their previously perceiving him wholly as male.\n\n### Public vs.\u00a0Private\nThe novel explores issues of fame and the invasion of privacy through the media, resulting in private life turning \\\"horribly public\\\". This clash is illustrated through the paparazzi and media who exploit Millie\\'s grief, forcing her to flee from her home. Colman\\'s interviews with Sophie turn private memories public, and the novel\\'s chapters are titled in the style of media headings and newspaper sections, mirroring the invasion of Joss\\'s privacy and identity for public gaze.\nIn an interview, Kay spoke about her desire to make her story read like music, specifically echoing the structure of jazz music. Critics have acclaimed her for accomplishing this in a powerful and intricate narrative without melodrama. In an article for the *Boston Phoenix*, David Valdes Greenwood wrote that \\\"in the hands of a less graceful writer, Jackie Kay\\'s *Trumpet* would have been a polemic about gender with a dollop of race thrown in for good measure. But Kay has taken the most tabloid topic possible and produced something at once more surprising and more subtle: a rumination on the nature of love and the endurance of a family\\\". *Time* magazine called it a \\\"hypnotic story \\... about the walls between what is known and what is secret. Spare, haunting, dreamlike\\\", and the *San Francisco Chronicle* commented that \\\"Kay\\'s imaginative leaps in story and language will remind some readers of a masterful jazz solo\\\".","parent_id":"2a447fc13635e3e693d4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2a447fc13635e3e693d4:9","document_content":"# Trumpet (novel)\n### Public vs.\u00a0Private\nMatt Richardson, in examining the novel\\'s transgender subjectivity and use of a Jazz aesthetic, noted that \\\"as a form that encourages the transformation of standard melodies into multiple improvised creations, jazz is useful in expanding our conceptualization of the potential for Black people to recreate ourselves and our gender identities in a diasporic practice\\\".\nIn his analysis, Richardson also notes the influences of African American culture on other Black populations, notably Black British people. He writes, \\\"Kay is not the first British lesbian of African descent to adopt African American history and cultural aesthetics in her strategic representation of British queerness.\" Richardson writes specifically about the Black British filmmaker Inge Blackman\\'s documentary \\\"B.D. Women\\\", which references a Harlem speakeasy during the 1920s and 1930s. The Blues are also a prominent feature in Blackman\\'s documentary. Richardson\\'s analysis notes that both Kay\\'s and Blackman\\'s works were produced in the context of the African diaspora where race, gender, and sexuality inform their works.\n*Trumpet* was awarded the Guardian Fiction Prize in 1998 and the Authors\\' Club First Novel Award in 2000, and won in the Transgender category at the 2000 Lambda Literary Awards. It was shortlisted for the International Dublin Literary Award, also in 2000.\nKay served as advisor to Grace Barnes, director of Skeklers Theatre Company, in her stage adaptation of *Trumpet*. The stage version was performed in the Citizens Theatre in Glasgow in 2005.\nCopyright 1998 by Jackie Kay, *Trumpet* was originally published by Picador (Great Britain) in 1998, and Pantheon Books (New York). It was published by Vintage Books, a division of Random House, Inc.\u00a0(New York), in 2000.\n-","parent_id":"2a447fc13635e3e693d4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5132b8453b4ac4c80a28:0","document_content":"# The Eight of Swords\n***The Eight of Swords***, first published in February 1934, is a detective story by American writer John Dickson Carr, featuring his series detective Gideon Fell. It is a mystery novel of the type known as a whodunnit.\nMr.\u00a0Septimus Depping is found dead in his Gloucestershire country house, shot with his own gun and holding a card from the Tarot deck, the eight of Swords, which stands for \\\"condemning justice\\\". Among those present is an Anglican bishop who is an expert in criminology, and sees wanted criminals in every parlourmaid, and Henry Morgan, who writes exciting mystery novels under two different names. Mr.\u00a0Depping turns out to have been an American criminal, and Gideon Fell must penetrate the secrets of his American associates as well as his British life in retirement in order to bring home the crime to the unlikely criminal.","parent_id":"5132b8453b4ac4c80a28","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cedd9b503ca0b7abc2d9:0","document_content":"# To Live (novel)\n***To Live*** () is a novel written by Chinese novelist Yu Hua in 1993. It describes the struggles endured by the son of a wealthy land-owner, Fugui, while historical events caused and extended by the Chinese Revolution are fundamentally altering the nature of Chinese society. The contrast between his pre-revolutionary status as a selfish rich idler who (literally) travels on the shoulders of the downtrodden and his post-revolutionary status as a persecuted peasant is stark.\n*To Live* is one of the most representative works by Yu Hua , which is also considered as the signal of his creative transformation in literature, from *Avant-garde*fiction to *Literary Realism*. The story begins with the narrator traveling through the countryside to collect folk songs and local legends and hears an old peasant\\'s life story, which encompasses many significant historical events in China. Over the course of the story, the main character, Xu Fugui, witnesses the death of his family members and loved ones. The literature techniques Yu Hua applies in the story reveal both the struggles and hope of the ordinaries aroused sympathy and recognition from the public when it was published.\nThe book was originally published in the Shanghai literary journal *Harvest*. A film rendition, directed by Zhang Yimou, was released in 1994. The novel has also been adapted into a television series and stage play.\nThe novel has been translated into traditional Chinese, French, Dutch, Italian, Korean, German, Japanese, English, Swedish, Polish, Romanian, Mongolian, Hungarian, and Malayalam. The novel is translated to English by Michael Berry, who was a senior at Rutgers University, and who had sent a fax to the author expressing his fondness of the book and requesting permission to contribute to the English version of the novel.\nYu Hua was inspired and deeply moved by the American folk song 'Old Black Joe'. Despite experiencing hardships in life and the passing of his family, the enslaved Black person still looked upon the world with eyes of kindness, offering not the slightest complaint.","parent_id":"cedd9b503ca0b7abc2d9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cedd9b503ca0b7abc2d9:1","document_content":"# To Live (novel)\nThis American slave song with the simplest lyrics formed the story of Fugui\\'s life - a life imbued with upheavals and suffering, but also tranquillity and happiness. It was after listening to this song that Yu Hua decided to write his next novel *To Live*.The novel describes a series of tragedies based on the context, including Chinese civil war, the Land Reform, Great Leap Forward, Great Chinese Famine, Three-anti and Five-anti Campaigns, and the Cultural Revolution. It allows the readers to see the cruelty of war, witnesses the deified Chinese political figures, thoughts, and movements. Covered by Mao\\'s government propaganda, the deployed innovative farming techniques encountered failure and led to mass starvation and death, along with various political campaigns and struggles , ordinary people like Fugui, was the greatest casualties.\n**The Narrator \\\"I\\\"**\nA popular folk song collector who comes to the countryside where Fugui lives. He listens to Fugui's story and records the story.\n**The Xu Family:**\n- **Xu Fugui (\u5f90\u798f\u8d35)**\nThe protagonist of the book. As the son of a landlord, Fugui spends his youth in a luxurious lifestyle and only devotes to gambling and interacting with prostitutes. After Fugui gambles away everything and goes through all the hardships, he becomes an honest and caring peasant. The story also talks about how events such as the Great Leap and Cultural Revolution have affected Fugui\\'s and the Xu\\'s life. At the end of the story, Fugui is alone with the only ox in the field.\nYu Hua commented Fugui as \\\"After going through much pain and hardship, Fugui is inextricably tied to the experience of suffering. So there is really no place for ideas like \\\"resistance\\\" in Fugui\\'s mind---he lives simply to live. In this world I have never met anyone who has as much respect for life as Fugui. Although he has more reason to die than most people, he keeps on living.\\\"\n- **Jiazhen (\u5bb6\u73cd)**","parent_id":"cedd9b503ca0b7abc2d9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cedd9b503ca0b7abc2d9:2","document_content":"# To Live (novel)\nFugui\\'s wife, Fengxia, and Youqing\\'s mother. Jiazhen is the daughter of the rice merchant Chen Ji. After Fugui loses all family fortunes, Jiazhen leaves at the beginning. But after knowing Fugui quits gambling, she comes back to support Fugui, bears all hardships and hard work with Fugui, no matter what kind of challenge is in front of them. She is a kind-hearted and tenacious woman who has never made a complaint despite all the struggles and hardships, but she dies of soft bone disease under the loss of both her son and daughter.\n- **Xu Fengxia (\u5f90\u51e4\u971e)**\nFugui and Jiazhen\\'s daughter, Youqing's elder sister. Fengxia becomes deaf and mute because of a fever, but she is just as beautiful and kind-hearted as her mother. This diligent and caring girl later gets happily married to Erxi. However, only after a short period of happiness, she dies while giving birth to their son Kugen.\n- **Xu Youqing (\u5f90\u6709\u5e86)**\nFugui and Jiazhen\\'s son. Because of the poor family situation, Youqing learns to take responsibility and help out the family as a child. The long distance between school and home makes him a great runner and makes his gym teacher loves him a lot. This kind boy later dies of donating too much blood to the magistrate's (Chunsheng) wife.\n- **Wan Erxi (\u4e07\u4e8c\u559c)**\nFengxia's husband. Erxi is a construction worker who has a crooked head. This quiet and honest man is deeply in love with his wife Fengxia, and after her death, he decides to only live for their son. Erxi later dies in a construction accident.\n- **Kugen (\u82e6\u6839)**\nFengxia and Erxi's son. After both of his parents\\' deaths, Kugen starts to live with his grandfather Fugui and still can not escape from poverty. He dies choking on beans Fugui prepared for him.\n**Other Characters:**\n- **Long Er (\u9f99\u4e8c)**","parent_id":"cedd9b503ca0b7abc2d9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cedd9b503ca0b7abc2d9:3","document_content":"# To Live (novel)\nA gambler who comes after the Japanese surrender. He takes Mr.\u00a0Shen's place as the top gambler in the town. After Fugui loses all his property to him, he also takes away the Xu family's house. Long Er is finally executed during the Chinese Land Reform Movement as a landlord.\n- **Chunsheng (\u6625\u751f)**\nA young boy Fugui meets on the battlefield. Fugui and Chunsheng has good friendship with each other. He later becomes the county Magistrate. In order to save his wife, who is the principal of Youqing, students are forced to donate their blood. Youqing dies because of being taken too much blood. He tries so hard to achieve Fugui and Fengxia\\'s forgiveness. In the later story, Chunsheng is labeled as anti-government. He then commits suicide during the Cultural Revolution.\n- **Old Quan \uff08\u8001\u5168\uff09**\nA veteran soldier Fugui meets in the cannon battalion. He used to be a deserter who ran away seven times. Though once he gets away from one unit, he can be captured by other units sooner than later. Old Quan, Fugui, and Chunsheng support each other when the unit is surrounded by the Liberation Army. He is killed by a straying bullet on the battlefield.\n- **Team Leader**\nThe one who is in charge of the production and management of the village. He is implicated in the Cultural Revolution. He also is the matchmaker of Fengxia and Erxi's marriage.\n- **\\\"FuGui\\\" The Ox**\nThis old ox Xu Fugui buys after begging for the butcher\\'s mercy. Thus \\\"Fugui\\\" the ox, as a survivor of the butcher\\'s knife, is actually a stand-in for Xu Fugui himself as a survivor of brutal reality and oppressions.\n*To Live* includes 11 chapters in total and one preface from Yu Hua.\n**Chapter 1**","parent_id":"cedd9b503ca0b7abc2d9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cedd9b503ca0b7abc2d9:4","document_content":"# To Live (novel)\nWhile collecting popular folk songs in the countryside, the narrator \\\"I\\\" meets an old man named Xu Fugui, who talks to a plowing ox. He yells the names of six or seven owsen with only one ox present, which makes me very curious. So \\\"I\\\" talk to him and start our conversation about his past story. As the son of the landlord, Fu Gui says he is a prodigal son of the Xu family. He spends most of his life in gambling dens and brothels. He also treats his pregnant wife Jia Zhen, badly. She kneels and begs Fu Gui to come home, and he chooses to have Jia Zhen thrown out.\n**Chapter 2**\nEventually, Fugui loses his entire family fortune to Long Er. In order to pay off the debt, Fugui\\'s father has to exchange their lands and house for copper cash and lets Fugui pick his way to pay off the gambling debt. Long Er became the owner of the lands and the house. Soon after moving out of their family house, Fugui\\'s father, unfortunately, passes away. Jiazhen, with her unborn son, is then picked up by a carriage sent by her father, Fugui\\'s father-in-law. Fengxia, Fugui\\'s elder daughter, is left behind with the Xu\\'s.\n**Chapter 3**\nTo support his family, Fugui rents five mu of land from Long Er, the new landlord, and becomes a hardworking farmer. Fugui also meets the faithful old servant Changgen, who has become a beggar since the Xu\\'s decline. But he still refuses to stay with Fugui\\'s family. He gives Fengxia a gift once, and Fugui never sees him again after that. Finally, after a few months, Jiazhen comes back with her newborn son, Youqin. However, Fugui\\'s mother then becomes ill, and on Fugui\\'s way to seek medication for her, he is forcibly conscripted into the Nationalist Army.\n**Chapter 4**","parent_id":"cedd9b503ca0b7abc2d9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cedd9b503ca0b7abc2d9:5","document_content":"# To Live (novel)\nIn the military, Fugui suffers from hunger, cold, and death threat. He also witnesses the cruelty of Chinese Civil War with Chunsheng and Old Quan. After almost two years of conscription, Fugui was finally sent home by the Liberation Army. Upon returning home years later, Fugui learns that his mother has died months after Fugui entered the army. A high fever has left his daughter Fengxia deaf and mute. The land reform, the five mu of land Fugui rents before the war, is now owned by him. Long Er is executed as a landlord during the reform.\n**Chapter 5**\nTo send Youqing to school, Fugui and Jiachen decide to give Fengxia away to the family interest in getting a daughter-in-law. Months later, Fengxia comes back on her own because she misses her family. And Fugui doesn\\'t want her to go back anymore as he finds out how much he loves his daughter. In 1958, people\\'s communes were established. Most of the family supplies and properties (land, livestock) are confiscated by the village. The Great Leap Forward also starts, villagers\\' ironwares, including pots, are crackdowns to smelt iron.\n**Chapter 6**\nJiazhen, unfortunately, gets \\\"soft bone\\\" disease, and her condition is gets worse day by day. She can hardly stand up and work. Meanwhile, Fugui\\'s family accidentally manufactures steel and receives praise from the team leader.\n**Chapter 7**\nPeople\\'s commune shuts down the dining hall, leading to starvation in the village and town. Many people can\\'t even eat a grain of rice for months---Jiazhen\\'s father supports the Xu\\'s with a small bag of rice, along with grassroots and barks, the Xu\\'s manages to survive.\n**Chapter 8**\nThings finally get better after the grain harvest. Though, to save the wife of the county magistrate from losing too much blood while giving birth, Youqin dies from the over-blood donation. When Fugui discovers that the magistrate is his old-time friend Chunsheng, he can\\'t drive himself to get revenge anymore. Grieved Jiazhen also rejects Chunsheng\\'s compensation for Youqing. Years later, Cultural Revolution starts.\n**Chapter 9**","parent_id":"cedd9b503ca0b7abc2d9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cedd9b503ca0b7abc2d9:6","document_content":"# To Live (novel)\nFengxia gets married to Erxi, who has a crooked head. However, he is a trustworthy and considerate man. Every one of the Xu\\'s is happy with their marriage.\n**Chapter 10**\nAs the cultural revolution grows more intense, the red guards punish the team leader and Chunsheng, the magistrate, as \\\"capitalist roaders\\\" accuse them of oppressing and belittling the people and peasants. Chunsheng sneaks to meet the Xu\\'s once, and Jiazhen chooses to forgive him and ask him to hang on. \\\"You still owe us a life, hold on to your life to repay us.\\\" Though after a month of torturing, Chunsheng commits to suicide. After that, Fengxia and Erxi came back to serve old Fugui and Jiazhen. Fengxia then gives birth to her first son, Kugen.\n**Chapter 11**\nFengxia dies in the delivery room because of hemorrhaging. Soon after that, Jiazhen passes away. Fugui moves into town and lives with Kugen and Erxi. When Kugen is four years old, Erxi is killed by two slabs of cement. Fugui then has to live with his only remaining family\\-- grandson Kugen in the village till Kugen is seven. He chokes to death when eating beans. All by himself, Fugui saves up some money and buys an old ox from the butcher to accompany him, naming it \\\"Fugui\\\".\n**The philosophy of life**\nWhat people in *To Live* do throughout their lives is not to fight against tragic fate and suffering or die to prove the greatness and value of their lives; on the contrary, they obey and endure in silence and challenge death by staying alive with determination and glimmer of hope. At the end of the story, Fugui ends up with an old ox but still enjoys the rest of his life in peace and calm. Surviving from a catalog of misfortunes, Fugui\\'s persistence, and self-relief after tragedies are valuable attitudes Yu Hua sees among ordinary lives.\n*From Avant-garde* fiction to *Literary Realism.*","parent_id":"cedd9b503ca0b7abc2d9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cedd9b503ca0b7abc2d9:7","document_content":"# To Live (novel)\nSince the disintegration of the avant-garde novel, Yu Hua\\'s novel writing has undergone significant changes. This change is marked by his three full-length novels, *Cries in the Drizzles*, *To Live*, and *Chronicle of a Blood Merchant.*\nIn the 1990s, Yu Hua\\'s personal life underwent important changes. One of the most significant changes was the birth of his son. The sense of responsibility of becoming a father not only strengthened and enriched Yu Hua\\'s understanding of \\\"lives\\\" but also became an opportunity for Yu Hua\\'s creative transformation in the 1990s. *To Live* is a symbol of Yu Hua\\'s transformation. By applying Realism to his work, Yu Hua was able to describe real-life in an observant and revealing form. Realism also enables him to describe realistic tragedies among lower classes during the special historical period in a more detailed and unembellished style.\nFrom short stories to long ones, Yu Hua\\'s stories have become more comprehensive. While dark humor is still a highlighting feature of his work, his focus has switched from blood and death to the reflection on the reality of society and the life of the general public. So his works of this period were well recognized by readers and received high praise.\nYu Hua uses a narrative style similar to zero-intervention to present the tragic beauty of \\\"To Live\\\". The author can exclude the subject from making explicit value judgments and emotional penetration of the suffering life, as if standing in a \\\"non-earthly position\\\" and objectively and calmly narrating the human suffering. The use of an objective and neutral narrative position with a warm and deep emotional tone in the text makes To Live a symbol of Yu Hua\\'s stylistic transformation.","parent_id":"cedd9b503ca0b7abc2d9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cedd9b503ca0b7abc2d9:8","document_content":"# To Live (novel)\nThe novel\\'s use of symbolism is to use death to symbolize living. Few people may encounter the pain of sending away the gray-haired to the black-haired, and the gray-haired sending away the black-haired one by one may only be seen in fiction.The truth of art will make people believe that not only has there been a living Fugui in the world, but there will be many more in the future and invisibly anguishing in the dark side of society. In *To Live,* Yu Hua incorporates many of his concerns about the society and people, revealing those small but great people who struggle in the midst of it. At this time, Yu Hua\\'s linguistic narrative has departed from objective and indifferent narration.\nAs Zhang Xuexin comments it, \\\"Yu Hua turned to a serious exploration of survival at that stage, and the novels of this period can be called \\'survival novels\\': they are \\'grounded in the breadth and depth of the writer\\'s thinking and imagination about the state of human existence \\', showing both \\'a picture of the human state \\' and expressing \\'the inner voice of the human soul in front of suffering and fate.\\'\\\"In short, Yu Hua\\'s creative turn at this stage is characterized by a shift from \\\"formal avant-grading\\\" to \\\"ordinaries\\' survival\\\".\n- Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (2004)\n- Grinzane Cavour Prize (1998)\n**Film**\nA film adaption (*To Live*) of this book starring well-known actors such as Gong Li and Ge You was released in 1994, premiering at the New York Film Festival, after numerous discussions between film director Zhang Yimou and the novelist author Yu Hua upon the proper film adaptation, keeping the plot within the frame of Yu Hua\\'s artistic vision. Yu Hua has previously stated that he prefers his own novel to the film. The film changes the setting from rural southern China to a small city in northern China and added the element of shadow puppetry. The second narrator and the ox are not present in the film.To Live (1994 film)#cite note-Berry242-1\\|1","parent_id":"cedd9b503ca0b7abc2d9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"cedd9b503ca0b7abc2d9:9","document_content":"# To Live (novel)\nMichael Berry, the translator of the English edition of the novel *To Live*, has said that the novel has a \\\"darker and more existential\\\" message and a \\\"much more brutal\\\" reality and social critique, while the film renders the failure of Communist ideals and capitalist China as a more optimistic future.To Live (1994 film)#cite note-Berry242-1\\|1 Berry says that the film \\\"allows more room for the hand of fate to hold sway.\\\"To Live (1994 film)#cite note-Berry242-1\\|1 The movie was first banned in China and was not theatrically released because it was viewed by the government to be an anti-Communist campaign.\n**Television Series**\nOn December 16, 2005, the 33-episode television series adaptation, *Fugui* *\u5bcc\u8d35* was broadcast on Chinese television. Directed by Zhu Zheng, the TV series features lesser-known actors and actresses such as Chen Chuang (\u9648\u521b) as Fugui and Liu Mintao (\u5218\u654f\u6d9b) as Jiazhen.\n**Stage Play**\nTwo decades after the novel\\'s release, it was adapted into a stage play titled *To Live* \u6d3b\u7740 directed by influential contemporary drama director, Meng Jinghui (\u5b5f\u4eac\u8f89) and starring actors Huang Bo (\u9ec4\u6e24) as Fugui and Yuan Quan (\u8881\u6cc9) as Jiazhen. The play premiered at the National Centre for the Performing Arts in Beijing between September 4, 2012 to September 9, 2012, and later made its way to cities such as Hangzhou, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Hong Kong and Taipei.","parent_id":"cedd9b503ca0b7abc2d9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"52bfdc37f2ecf16dca44:0","document_content":"# Tros of Samothrace\n***Tros of Samothrace*** is a fantasy historical novel by American writer Talbot Mundy. The story was composed of several novellas which were published originally in the American magazine *Adventure* during 1925 and 1926. It was published first together as a book during 1934 by Appleton-Century company.\nMundy dedicated *Tros of Samothrace* to his friend Rose Wilder Lane, who had funded its book publication.\nThe novel concerns the courageous adventures of the title character (a Greek from Samothrace) as he helps pre-Roman Britons fight the invading forces of Julius Caesar. Over the course of the novel, Tros travels from Britain to Spain, and finally the city of Rome itself.\nThe novel contains minor fantasy elements. One of the characters, Fflur, has the power of \\\"second sight\\\". The novel also imagines a benevolent secret society of mystics which includes the British Druids and the followers of the Greek\nSamothracian Mysteries.\nThe original sequence of novellas was published as follows:\n1.  \\\"Tros of Samothrace\\\", 10 February 1925 (later became chapters 1..14 of the novel)\n2.  \\\"The Enemy of Rome\\\", 10 April 1925 (chapters 15..26)\n3.  \\\"Prisoners of War\\\", 10 June 1925 (chapters 27..37)\n4.  \\\"Hostages to Luck\\\", 20 August 1925 (chapters 38..51)\n5.  \\\"Admiral of Caesar\\'s Fleet\\\", 10 October 1925 (chapters 52..66)\n6.  \\\"The Dancing Girl of Gades\\\", 10 December 1925 (chapters 67..81)\n7.  \\\"Messenger of Destiny\\\", part 1, 10 February 1926 (chapters 82..87)\n8.  \\\"Messenger of Destiny\\\", part 2, 20 February 1926 (chapters 88..92)\n9.  \\\"Messenger of Destiny\\\", part 3, 28 February 1926 (chapters 93..96)\nWhen *Tros of Samothrace* was published as four paperback volumes during 1967 and 1971, the divisions between volumes coincided with Mundy\\'s own divisions:","parent_id":"52bfdc37f2ecf16dca44","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"52bfdc37f2ecf16dca44:1","document_content":"# Tros of Samothrace\n- *Tros* contains \\\"Tros of Samothrace\\\" and \\\"The Enemy of Rome\\\".\n- *Helma* contains \\\"Prisoners of War\\\" and \\\"Hostages to Luck\\\".\n- *Liafail* contains \\\"Admiral of Caesar\\'s Fleet\\\" and \\\"The Dancing Girl of Gades\\\".\n- *Helene* contains all three parts of \\\"Messenger of Destiny\\\".\nWhen *Tros of Samothrace* was reissued as three paperback volumes during 1976, the divisions between volumes was partway through \\\"Prisoners of War\\\" and \\\"Admiral of Caesar\\'s Fleet\\\".\nAlthough the stories were popular with *Adventure\\'s* readers, they also aroused debate due to the fact that Mundy described Julius Caesar and Roman civilization as imperialistic and tyrannical; *Adventure* editor Arthur Sullivant Hoffman later stated that the Tros stories were the most controversial the magazine had ever published. Mundy\\'s negative depiction of Caesar resulted in controversy in *Adventure\\'s* letters section, \\\"the Camp-Fire\\\". The debate on *Tros of Samothrace*\\'s depiction of Caesar in the magazine featured contributions by writers such as Elmer Davis, Arthur Gilchrist Brodeur, Hugh Pendexter and Arthur D. Howden Smith.\nFritz Leiber praised *Tros of Samothrace*, saying: \\\"The Tros stories made a great impression on me as a young man. I read and re-read them\\...it was wonderful, imaginative writing\\\". Floyd C. Gale wrote during 1959 when reviewing a new edition of the book that it was \\\"Out of print far too long, here is one classic that still reads as if written yesterday \\... An absolute *Must Buy* at this price\\\".\nPicture of dust-cover by Lionel Dillon from the Gnome Press reprint.","parent_id":"52bfdc37f2ecf16dca44","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2ae4fb98e60eb6fe04c0:0","document_content":"# Little Brother (Doctorow novel)\n***Little Brother*** is a novel by Cory Doctorow, published by Tor Books. It was released on April 29, 2008. The novel is about four teenagers in San Francisco who, in the aftermath of a terrorist attack on the San Francisco--Oakland Bay Bridge and BART system, defend themselves against the Department of Homeland Security\\'s attacks on the Bill of Rights. The novel is available for free on the author\\'s website under a Creative Commons license (CC BY-NC-SA), keeping it accessible and remixable to all.\nThe book debuted at No.\u00a09 on *The New York Times* Best Seller list, children\\'s chapter book section, in May 2008. As of July 2, it had spent a total of six weeks on the list, rising to the No.\u00a08 spot. *Little Brother* won the 2009 White Pine Award, the 2009 Prometheus Award. and the 2009 John W. Campbell Memorial Award. It also was a finalist for the Hugo Award for Best Novel. *Little Brother* received the Sunburst Award in the young adult category.\n*The New York Times* says, Little Brother\\' isn\\'t shy about its intent to disseminate subversive ideas to a young audience.\\\" The novel comes with two afterword essays by cryptographer and computer security specialist Bruce Schneier, and hacker Andrew \\\"bunnie\\\" Huang, and has a bibliography of techno-countercultural writings, from Jack Kerouac\\'s \\\"On the Road\\\" to Schneier\\'s \\\"Applied Cryptography\\\".\nHacker Peiter \\'Mudge\\' Zatko stated that the book is now used as training material for new NSA recruits in order to give them a different point of view.\n- **Marcus Yallow** -- Main protagonist, a 17-year-old high school student who enjoys understanding technology and building his own custom devices. He is the leader of his foursome of friends.\n- **Darryl Glover** -- Marcus\\' best friend who attends the same high school as Marcus and is Marcus\\' second-in-command and the \\\"details man\\\" of the group. He has had a crush on Van for years.\nMarcus on limited edition cover","parent_id":"2ae4fb98e60eb6fe04c0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2ae4fb98e60eb6fe04c0:1","document_content":"# Little Brother (Doctorow novel)\n- **Vanessa Pak (Van)** -- 17-year-old Korean American girl who attends a nearby all-girls Catholic school, she is the \\\"ideas\\\" person of the group. She has been attracted to Marcus for a long time, but doesn\\'t admit it until the end of the book. Her parents managed to escape from North Korea.\n- **Jose Luis Torrez (Jolu)** -- A brilliant high school student at a nearby Catholic school, he is the technical member of the group. Even though everyone in the group is technically competent, he is the most technology-oriented, doing his own programming, and working for a local ISP. He is somewhat vain and seems to work at being cool.\n- **Drew Yallow** -- Marcus\\' father who has a stormy relationship with Marcus through most of the book. Scared by the thought of Marcus having died during the bombing because Marcus has been missing for three days, he supports the tactics that the DHS employs. This leads to many arguments with Marcus despite his former mindset that was similar to Marcus\\'.\n- **Lillian Yallow** -- Marcus\\' mother, British expatriate, who helps newly immigrated Britons integrate into American life. She and Marcus have a strong bond and seem to think alike. She is a strong woman and helps mediate Marcus\\' fights with his father.\n- **Charles Walker** -- Also a student at the same high school as Marcus and Darryl, he is the antithesis of Marcus. He is a bully, a brown noser and a snitch. He and Marcus have a long-standing feud and detest each other.\n- **Carrie Johnstone (Severe Haircut Lady)** -- Main antagonist and in charge of the DHS that is monitoring San Francisco. She is a cold sadistic woman to whom the ends always justify the means and enjoys abusing her power.\n- **Angela Carvelli (Ange)** -- She attends the same high school as Van and develops into Marcus\\' love interest, when she first meets him at a party. She is an active member of the Xnet and is very strong-willed, and independent. She\\'s known to use pepper spray as a condiment.\n- **Ms.\u00a0Galvez** -- A social studies teacher at Cesar Chavez High School, she is seen as a dedicated teacher and an independent thinker. She seems to be the only teacher that Marcus respects at his school. She tends to agree with Marcus on topics of security and Marcus helps her with contacting her brother, who\\'s an overseas soldier, via internet.\n- **Barbara Stratford** -- Investigative reporter for the *Bay Guardian*, who helps Marcus expose what the DHS has been doing.\n- **Masha** -- A DHS operative who attempts to help Marcus escape the city. Marcus meets her briefly in the beginning of the novel when she threatens to expose him for skipping school while ARGing. He also meets up with Masha in the end in the midst of their escape, he finds a photo of his friend Darryl and his position on running away is changed. Therefore, he escapes from Masha after beating her up and smashing her fingers in a truck door.\n- **Zeb** -- A former detainee of DHS\\'s \\\"Gitmo-by-the-Bay\\\", he manages to escape and attempts to disappear after contacting Marcus about Darryl and the current status of the prison.","parent_id":"2ae4fb98e60eb6fe04c0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2ae4fb98e60eb6fe04c0:2","document_content":"# Little Brother (Doctorow novel)\nMarcus Yallow is a 17-year-old hacker\/techno whiz from San Francisco. One day Marcus and his best friend Darryl play truant from school to play an Alternate Reality Game. A terrorist attack is perpetrated against the city, and the four are captured and detained under suspicion of terrorism.\nAfter a series of interrogations that take place over a period of six days, Marcus, Jolu, and Vanessa are finally released; Darryl\\'s whereabouts are unknown. The DHS tells Marcus that they will be monitoring his actions and moves because he is still a suspect. Marcus is \\\"infuriated at how his civil rights are ignored.\\\"\nIn response to the increasing surveillance of the city and its citizens, Marcus creates Xnet, a private mesh network intended to allow people to communicate freely while fighting \\\"the surveillance state.\\\" Through XNet, using his pseudonym \\'Mik3y\\', Marcus encourages his peers to rebel against the DHS surveillance.\nWhile introducing a group to Cryptography during a key signing party, Marcus meets Ange, and shortly thereafter they begin to date.\nWhen a former prisoner who was held by the DHS tells Marcus that Darryl is still alive, Marcus tells a reporter and his family about his actions taken against the DHS. The journalist\\'s story is then published and the DHS takes Marcus into custody again. On order from the governor, California highway patrol troopers raid the DHS compound during a waterboarding interrogation and arrest the DHS agents. Darryl is subsequently freed and Marcus, after his parents have to pay his bail to make sure he doesn\\'t go to prison, finally returns to his life the way it was before the terrorist attacks.\n*Little Brother* has major themes that, according to some, are too serious for a young adult novel. In an interview, the Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy asked Doctorow about his \\\"potentially heavy themes, including paranoia, loyalty, sex, torture, and fear\\\" and when his editing staff asked to censor the themes, he replied, \\\"Oh, no.\\\"\n*The Hollywood Reporter* remarked, \\\"The book tackles many themes, including civil liberties and social activism\\\".","parent_id":"2ae4fb98e60eb6fe04c0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2ae4fb98e60eb6fe04c0:3","document_content":"# Little Brother (Doctorow novel)\nAccording to journalist April Spisak\\'s article on \\\"What Makes a Good Young Adult Dystopian Novel?\\\" Spisak claims, \\\"Cory Doctorow's Little Brother probably represents the purest example on the list---modern technology meets classic dystopic elements---even while the book itself is part instructional guide, part love story, and part rant at the increasingly dictatorial powers-that-be that consider safety at any cost a reasonable exchange. Small personal victories for the protagonist and his friends are present, but the power of Big Brother is hardly tempered by their work, and the folks who tangled with the government are all permanently scarred by the encounter.\\\"\nThe book has also been characterized as \\\"expressing astonishment, fear, uncertainty, shame, and guilt\\\" and addressing \\\"issues of political authority, social order, individual freedom and electronic security.\\\"\n*Little Brother* takes place in the \\\"near future rather than decades or centuries away.\\\" *Little Brother* also makes use of \\\"obvious parallels to Orwellian warnings and post 9\/11 policies.\\\"","parent_id":"2ae4fb98e60eb6fe04c0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2ae4fb98e60eb6fe04c0:4","document_content":"# Little Brother (Doctorow novel)\n### Novel\nCindy Dobrez in her review for *Booklist* said that \\\"Doctorow's novel blurs the lines between current and potential technologies, and readers will delight in the details of how Marcus attempts to stage a techno-revolution. Obvious parallels to Orwellian warnings and post-9\/11 policies, such as the Patriot Act, will provide opportunity for classroom discussion and raise questions about our enthusiasm for technology, who monitors our school library collections, and how we contribute to our own lack of privacy.\\\"\n*Kirkus Reviews* described it as an \\\"unapologetically didactic tribute to *1984*\\\", and called it a \\\"Terrifying glimpse of the future---or the present.\\\"\n*Publishers Weekly* said that it was \\\"filled with sharp dialogue and detailed descriptions of how to counteract gait-recognition cameras, RFID\\'s (radio frequency ID tags), wireless Internet tracers and other surveillance devices, this work makes its admittedly didactic point within a tautly crafted fictional framework.\\\"\n*Institute of Public Affairs* says that \\\"Doctorow, like many freedom-fighting writers before him likes his women smart and strong. Male or female, freedom-loving writers tend to like writing strong female characters, often protagonists.\\\"\n\n### News coverage\nIn 2014, a high school principal in Pensacola, Florida, Michael Roberts, pulled *Little Brother* from his school\\'s summer reading list because the book is \\\"about questioning authority\\\" and portrays questioning authority \\\"as a positive thing.\\\"; however it was kept on the list for advanced placement and grade 11 honors students. Roberts also described Cory Doctorow, a Canadian author living in England, as \\\"an outsider to the George W. Bush administration.\\\" In response, his publisher sent 200 copies of the book directly to the school.\n\n### Play\nIn early 2012, it was announced that the novel *Little Brother* written by Cory Doctorow will be made into a play directed by Josh Costello called *Little Brother*. The play was augmented with animated video projections, an original score by Chris Houston and original choreography by Daunielle Rasmussen.\n*Marin Independent* said that *Little Brother* is \\\"required watching!\\'","parent_id":"2ae4fb98e60eb6fe04c0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2ae4fb98e60eb6fe04c0:5","document_content":"# Little Brother (Doctorow novel)\n### Play\nCharlie Jane Anders of *io9* praised the *Little Brother* play: \\\"I was lucky enough to catch a preview performance of the Custom Made Theatre Co.\\'s new stage adaptation of Cory Doctorow\\'s award-winning novel *Little Brother* the other day---and it was a total marvel. Somehow, writer\/director Josh Costello managed to condense the novel down to a two-hour play, without losing any of the impact. If anything, the staged version hits a bit harder than the book, because of the intense, but not overstated, performances.\\\"\nAccording to *TheatreStorm*, \\\"Costello has wisely tightened Doctorow's book to three main characters. On a nearly empty stage, Costello utilizes video and sound effects superbly, creating multiple San Francisco locations, mass demonstrations, press conferences, online experiences and coaching his actors to create multiple characterizations as necessary. This is the best kind of political theatre. Thought provoking, suspenseful, emotionally real, uncomfortably close to the hard truth.\\\"\n\n### Film\nThe novel has also been the subject of a possible movie. The production company AngryFilms has optioned *Little Brother* \\\"with the aim of translating it to the big screen.\\\"\nIn September 2015, Doctorow announced on his blog that *Little Brother* had been optioned by Paramount with Don Murphy as the producer.","parent_id":"2ae4fb98e60eb6fe04c0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2ae4fb98e60eb6fe04c0:6","document_content":"# Little Brother (Doctorow novel)\n### Film\nEach chapter of the e-book edition of *Little Brother* is dedicated to a different bookstore: Bakka-Phoenix (a Toronto sci-fi\/fantasy bookstore where Doctorow used to be employed), Amazon.com, Borderlands Books, Barnes & Noble, Secret Headquarters, Powell\\'s City of Books, Books of Wonder, Borders, Compass Books\/Books Inc., Anderson\\'s Bookshops, University Book Store at the University of Washington, Forbidden Planet, Books-A-Million, Mysterious Galaxy, Chapters\/Indigo Books, Booksmith, Waterstone\\'s, Sophia Books, MIT Press Bookshop, The Tattered Cover, Pages Books, and Hudson Booksellers.\nIn reference to *Little Brother*, Cory Doctorow has stated that \\\"the enemy is obscurity, not piracy.\\\" His book *Little Brother* is available on his website for free, which is provided in a variety of formats.\nOn June 20, 2012, Doctorow posted the cover art of the sequel to *Little Brother*, titled *Homeland*. An excerpt of the book\\'s opening, set at the Burning Man festival, was posted the next month on the Tor Books website. *Homeland* was released in hardback, and for download under a Creative Commons license on Doctorow\\'s website, in February 2013.\nOn September 8, 2020, Doctorow announced that the third book in the *Little Brother* series, *Attack Surface*, would be released \\\"in five weeks\\\".","parent_id":"2ae4fb98e60eb6fe04c0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"66ee237f3c889bad1073:0","document_content":"# Ivan the Terrible (novel)\n***Ivan the Terrible*** is a children\\'s novel by Anne Fine, published in 2007. It won the Nestl\u00e9 Children\\'s Book Prize Silver Award.\nIt is Ivan\\'s first day of school. He can only speak Russian and it\\'s Boris\\'s job to look after him and translate for him. St Edmund\\'s is a civilized school, but Ivan isn\\'t civilized. Boris knows that he is going to have trouble teaching Ivan.\nChris Stephenson, of *Carousel*, reviewed the book saying \\\"To work successfully, the book required a delicate balancing-act and Anne Fine, a consummate high-wire performer, doesn\\'t put a foot wrong.\\\" Vanessa Curtis, of *The Herald*, reviewed the book saying \\\"\\\"Fine\\'s writing is comic, her characters are well-drawn and there is a neat twist at the end\\...\\\" Nicolette Jones, of *Sunday Times*, reviewed the book saying \\\"\\...delightfully spiky\\... \\...irreverent comedy\\...\\\"","parent_id":"66ee237f3c889bad1073","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"da67be1553e5366e6865:0","document_content":"# Mauprat (novel)\n***Mauprat*** is a novel about love and education by the French novelist George Sand. It was published in serial form in the French literary magazine from April to June 1837. Like many of Sand\\'s novels, *Mauprat* borrows from various fictional genres: the Gothic novel, chivalric romance, the *Bildungsroman*, detective fiction, and the historical novel.\nThe novel\\'s plot has been called a plot of female socialization, in which the hero is taught by the heroine how to live peacefully in society. *Mauprat* resembles the fairy tale *Beauty and the Beast*. As this would suggest, the novel is a romance. However, Sand resists the immediate happy ending of marriage between the two main characters in favor of a more gradual story of education, including a reappraisal of the passive female role in courtship and marriage. Sand also calls into question Rousseau\\'s ideal version of the female education as described in his novel *Emile*, namely, training women for domesticity and the home.\nThe novel, set before the French Revolution, depicts the coming of age of a nobleman named Bernard Mauprat. The story is narrated by the old Bernard in his country home many years later, as told to a nameless young male visitor. Bernard recounts how, raised by a violent gang of his feudal kinsmen after the death of his mother, he becomes a brutalized \\\"\\\". When his cousin Edm\u00e9e is held captive by Bernard\\'s \\\"family\\\", he helps her escape, but elicits a promise of marriage from her by threatening rape. Thus begins the long courtship of Bernard and Edm\u00e9e. The novel ends with a dramatic trial scene, similar to that in Stendhal\\'s *The Red and the Black*.","parent_id":"da67be1553e5366e6865","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"da67be1553e5366e6865:1","document_content":"# Mauprat (novel)\nDuring the period Sand wrote the novel, she was gradually becoming more interested in the problem of political equality in society. She had read widely about the views of socialist thinkers such as Pierre Leroux, with whom she went on to form a journal, the . In keeping with Sand\\'s interest in equality, *Mauprat* depicts a new type of literary figure, the peasant visionary Patience. In addition, part of the novel takes place during the American Revolutionary War.\n*Mauprat* was serialized in four parts in the French literary magazine from April to June 1837. It was published as a two-volume collected edition by F\u00e9lix Bonnaire in August of the same year. The novel has been translated into English several times, including translations by Matilda M. Hays in 1847, Virginia Vaughan in 1870, Henrietta E. Miller in 1891, Stanley Young in 1902, and Sylvia Raphael in 1997.\nAmerican author Henry James called *Mauprat* a \\\"solid, masterly, manly book\\\".\nRussian literary critic Vissarion Belinsky praised the novel for its \\\"profound and poetic idea, that of a strong, intelligent, beautiful woman raising a man above his bestial passions\\\". According to Columbia University\\'s Lesley Singer Herrmann, Belinsky\\'s opinion of *Mauprat* \\\"set the tone for Sand\\'s reception in Russia in the 1840s and 50s, where she was proclaimed the \\'advocate of women as Schiller had been the advocate of humanity.\\'\\\"\nThe French women\\'s magazine *Elle* similarly hailed *Mauprat* as Sand\\'s \\\"feminist manifesto\\\" in 2021 for its frank depiction of sexual harassment and violence towards women, centuries before the Me Too movement.","parent_id":"da67be1553e5366e6865","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"da67be1553e5366e6865:2","document_content":"# Mauprat (novel)\nLiterary scholar Patricia Thomson argued that *Mauprat* influenced Emily Bront\u00eb\\'s 1847 novel *Wuthering Heights*. She noted that both stories take place in the 1770s; contain \\\"uninhibited \\... references to the devil, hell, and damnation\\\"; use \\\"two houses to represent opposing ways of life\\\"; and recount \\\"the obsessive devotion of one man for one woman, which lasted not only for life but beyond the grave\\\". Thomson stated that \\\"the parallels and connections are there in profusion and I myself have little doubt that *Mauprat* formed part of the literary -- and therefore, living -- experience on which Emily Bront\u00eb drew.\\\"\n*Mauprat* was adapted into a silent film with the same title by French director Jean Epstein in 1926. Luis Bu\u00f1uel was assistant director on this film; it was his first film credit. The novel was also adapted into a film for television by French director in 1972.","parent_id":"da67be1553e5366e6865","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6962f4d6860b953b6502:0","document_content":"# The Nemesis of Faith\n***The Nemesis of Faith*** is an epistolary philosophical novel by James Anthony Froude published in 1849. Partly autobiographical, the novel depicts the causes and consequences of a young priest\\'s crisis of faith. Like many of his contemporaries, Froude came to question his Christian faith in light of early nineteenth century developments in history, theology, and science. Froude was particularly influenced by the Catholic teachings of the Oxford Movement and by the new approach to religious scholarship developed by the German Higher Critics.\nThe novel consists primarily of protagonist Markham Sutherland\\'s account of the development of his religious ideas and doubts, followed by a brief narrative in which Sutherland\\'s lack of faith leads him and his lover to tragic ends. The novel was condemned by English religious figures and publicly burned by William Sewell; this led to Froude\\'s resignation of his fellowship at Oxford University.\nThe novel\\'s reception amongst literary reviewers was mixed; while writers such as George Eliot professed profound admiration, others such as Thomas Carlyle were harshly critical. Although no longer widely read as a literary work, it remains significant in intellectual history for its accounts of Victorian scepticism and the Oxford Movement.\nThe story of Markham Sutherland is presented through various letters, journals, and the third-person account of the novel\\'s supposed editor, Arthur. Sutherland, under pressure from his father to become a clergyman, confesses to Arthur his reservations about accepting the Thirty-Nine Articles and contemporary English Christianity in general. In particular, Sutherland is concerned about the depiction of God in the Old Testament, God\\'s patronage of the Israelites on non-moral grounds, the doctrine of Eternal Punishment, and the supposed inerrancy of the Bible. Sutherland was profoundly influenced by John Henry Newman in his early years, but was ultimately unable to accept Newman\\'s doctrines. Sutherland also seeks guidance in the writings of Victorian historian and sage Thomas Carlyle (who was Froude\\'s chief intellectual influence in later years), but finds no solutions. Tormented by his doubts and subsequent alienation from his family, Sutherland becomes morbidly depressed.","parent_id":"6962f4d6860b953b6502","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6962f4d6860b953b6502:1","document_content":"# The Nemesis of Faith\nOn Arthur\\'s advice, Sutherland takes orders, hoping that his doubts will eventually pass when he enters a more active life. Because of the selectivity of his sermons, however, his parishioners begin to suspect him of Socinianism. When Sutherland is tricked into making a harsh criticism of the British and Foreign Bible Society, claiming that the text of the Bible without clerical guidance is more likely to lead to wickedness than to Christian faith and virtue, his doubts are revealed, and he is forced to resign his position.","parent_id":"6962f4d6860b953b6502","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6962f4d6860b953b6502:2","document_content":"# The Nemesis of Faith\nSutherland travels to Como to rest and recover from illness, indulging in free religious speculation while there. He befriends Helen Leonard, who sympathises with his troubles and listens to his doubts. Helen\\'s dull, unloving husband prefers to spend time away from his wife, and leaves her in Sutherland\\'s company for the season. Helen and Sutherland fall in love, causing both great anxiety, although the relationship never becomes physical. The two consider eloping, but Helen decides she cannot leave her daughter, Annie. During this conversation, however, the unsupervised Annie dips her arm into the lake, causing her to fall ill and die soon after. Sutherland again becomes depressed, believing that his religious speculations have brought himself and Helen into sin. He plans suicide, but is stopped at the last moment by an old friend, representative of John Henry Newman. Sutherland retires to a monastery, although his repentance is short lived, and he dies still in doubt. Helen, meanwhile, separates from her husband and retires to a convent, although she is unreconciled with the Church because she maintains that her love for Sutherland is holier than her marriage.\nThe novel\\'s primary interest comes from its depiction of Sutherland\\'s religious doubts, which arise from the weakness of a faith based on empirically false historical claims, \\\"old-wives\\' tales\\\" taken for truth. Instead, Sutherland aims to follow \\\"not *the Christian religion*, but *the religion of Christ*,\\\" spirituality without dogma. However, Froude was not fully satisfied with this formulation, and the Sutherland-Helen plot illustrates the idea that religious speculation and infidelity inevitably lead to immorality.\n*The Nemesis of Faith* raised a scandal at its first release, being referred to as \\\"a manual of infidelity\\\" in the *Morning Herald.* It was publicly burned by William Sewell in his class at Exeter College. Soon after, Froude resigned his fellowship at Oxford.","parent_id":"6962f4d6860b953b6502","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6962f4d6860b953b6502:3","document_content":"# The Nemesis of Faith\n*The Nemesis of Faith* also drew criticism on literary grounds as being melodramatic and sentimental. Froude himself wrote to his friend Charles Kingsley that \\\"I cut a hole in my heart and wrote with the blood\\\". Thomas Carlyle complained of the novel \\\"Froude ought to consume his own smoke and not trouble other people\\'s nostrils.\\\" Although recent critics tend to be more positive about the novel\\'s depiction of Sutherland\\'s speculative crisis, they have maintained the weakness of the ending, attributing it to Froude\\'s inability to come to terms with his own doubts.\nBy contrast, the novel was positively reviewed by such literary figures as George Eliot and Mrs.\u00a0Humphrey Ward, whose 1888 novel *Robert Elsmere* was significantly influenced by the novel and by Froude\\'s life. In a review in the *Coventry Herald* Eliot wrote that in reading *The Nemesis of Faith* \\\"we seem to be in companionship with a spirit who is transfusing himself into our souls, and so vitalising them by his superior energy, that life, both outward and inward, presents itself to us in higher relief, in colours brightened and deepened.\\\"\nIn an effort to reconcile with Oxford, Froude refused to allow republication of *The Nemesis of Faith* following its second edition, and in 1858 he formally repudiated the novel.\nThe 1840s were a turbulent decade in the Church of England. Following the earlier German Higher Critics, who argued for a historical approach to religious texts, David Strauss published *Leben Jesu* or *The Life of Jesus, Critically Examined* which argued that the events of the New Testament were not historical but rather mythical. In 1846 George Eliot published an English translation of *Leben Jesu* which became a source of religious doubts for Froude and many of his contemporaries. Critics have also identified Thomas Carlyle\\'s 1836 novel *Sartor Resartus* and Spinoza as sources of Sutherland\\'s doubts, and those of many of his contemporaries.","parent_id":"6962f4d6860b953b6502","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6962f4d6860b953b6502:4","document_content":"# The Nemesis of Faith\nMeanwhile, the Oxford Movement, headed by John Henry Newman as well as Froude\\'s brother Richard Hurrell Froude, was attacking the Church\\'s move towards liberalism and secularism, advocating instead a greater emphasis on Catholic doctrine. The Movement provided a serious challenge to Protestant beliefs, with Newman later converting to Roman Catholicism. Although Froude was devoted to Newman for several years, and maintained a sentimental affection for the man (which he expressed in his essays on Newman and the Oxford Movement), he ultimately repudiated his beliefs.\nThe novel was influenced by Goethe\\'s 1809 novel *Elective Affinities*, which Froude later translated and published anonymously. Froude borrowed much of his novel\\'s ending from Goethe, and also used the scientific metaphor underlying Goethe\\'s novel to illustrate the relation of an individual to the church.\n- Apostasy","parent_id":"6962f4d6860b953b6502","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f055921123bd7f9a2ac9:0","document_content":"# The Bell (novel)\n***The Bell*** is a novel by Iris Murdoch. Published in 1958, it was her fourth novel. It is set in a lay religious community situated next to an enclosed community of Benedictine nuns in Gloucestershire.\nThe setting is Imber Court, a country house in Gloucestershire that is the home of a small Anglican lay religious community. It is situated next to Imber Abbey, a convent belonging to an enclosed community of Benedictine nuns. The owner of Imber Court and the community\\'s de facto leader is Michael Meade, a former schoolmaster in his late 30s. The community supports itself by a market garden.\nThe novel begins with the journey of Dora Greenfield from London to Imber by train. Dora is a young former art student who is married to the difficult and demanding Paul Greenfield, an art historian who is staying at Imber Court as a guest while studying 14th-century manuscripts belonging to the Abbey. Dora left her husband six months earlier, but he has persuaded her to return to him. On the same train are Toby Gashe, an 18-year-old boy who has just finished school and is going to spend a few weeks as a guest at Imber Court before starting university, and James Tayper Pace, a community member who formerly ran a settlement house and led youth groups in the East End of London.\nAmong the community members is Catherine Fawley, a young woman who is preparing to enter the convent as a nun. Her twin brother, Nick, is living at Imber Court\\'s lodge. Nick is a troubled and troublesome character, often drunk, who has been invited to Imber Court at the request of his sister in the hope that the spiritual surroundings will be of benefit to him. Fourteen years earlier Michael, then a schoolmaster with aspirations to the priesthood, had been in love with his teenaged pupil Nick. The relationship was unconsummated and apparently mutual, but Nick informed the school\\'s headmaster. As a result, Michael lost his job and did not see Nick again until he came to stay at Imber Court, where the two do not acknowledge having known each other in the past.","parent_id":"f055921123bd7f9a2ac9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f055921123bd7f9a2ac9:1","document_content":"# The Bell (novel)\nThe Abbey, which is separated from the Court by a lake, has a bell tower but lacks a bell. Shortly after her arrival Paul tells Dora of a centuries-old legend that the original 12th-century bell flew out of the bell tower and plunged into the lake after a nun broke her vows by receiving a lover in the Abbey. A new bell is being manufactured and will be arriving soon. It will be taken first to Imber Court for a christening ceremony to be performed by the Bishop, and then taken over a causeway across the lake to be installed in the Abbey.\nAfter a few days Michael takes Toby with him to a nearby town to pick up a mechanical cultivator which the community has purchased for use in the market garden. They have dinner in a pub, where Michael drinks too much cider, and on the drive back Michael realizes that he is attracted to Toby, whom he impulsively kisses when they arrive home. Toby is shocked, and Michael is remorseful and later apologizes to Toby, who agrees to say nothing about the incident.\nToby, a keen swimmer and diver, discovers a large object submerged in the lake and concludes that it is a bell, although he has not heard the legend. When he tells Dora what he has found she decides that they should recover the bell and surreptitiously substitute it for the new one. She persuades Toby to go along with the plan, and he uses a tractor to pull the bell from the lake and hide it in an outbuilding in preparation for making the switch the night before the ceremony. However the plan fails, as Toby is prevented from meeting Dora by an encounter with Nick. Nick tells Toby that he saw Michael kiss him, and accuses him of flirting with both Michael and Dora. After winning a physical struggle between the two, Nick sends Toby to confess to James Tayper Pace.","parent_id":"f055921123bd7f9a2ac9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f055921123bd7f9a2ac9:2","document_content":"# The Bell (novel)\nAs the new bell is being carried across the causeway for its ceremonial entrance into the Abbey, it falls into the lake. It is later discovered that the causeway has been sabotaged, and Nick is suspected. Catherine runs away and tries to drown herself in the lake. Dora tries to save her, but she cannot swim, and both women are rescued by a nun who has observed the incident from the Abbey side of the lake. When Michael arrives on the scene it becomes evident that Catherine is in love with him and is having a mental breakdown. The following day Catherine is taken to a clinic in London, James confronts Michael with the news of Toby\\'s confession, and Nick commits suicide. In the aftermath of these events, the community is dissolved. Toby goes up to Oxford University and Dora once again leaves Paul and resumes her art studies.\nA major theme is the yearning for a spiritual life in a materialistic age, which the Imber Court community tries to achieve by partially separating itself from the secular world. Imber Court is intended as a refuge for \\\"half-contemplative\\\" people who \\\"cannot find a work which satisfies them in the ordinary world\\\".\nThe community members\\' spiritual pride is the source of much of the novel\\'s humour, as when an officious community member lets Dora know that she has inadvertently broken a rule against bringing fresh flowers into the house. On the other hand, the unreligious outsider Dora, who is looked down upon by the community members, is the only character whose real and nonjudgemental interest in other people allows her to glimpse Catherine Fawley\\'s inner turmoil. In a similar vein, Michael realizes too late that he has been too concerned with his own spiritual well-being to run the risk of trying to help Nick.\nThe nature of virtue, another major theme, is the subject of two Sunday talks given to the community by James and Michael. James insists that people should strive for perfection by unquestioning observance of a strict moral code, a view which has the attraction of simplicity. Michael, on the other hand, leaves more room for human frailty and suggests moral improvement, rather than perfection, as a reasonable goal.","parent_id":"f055921123bd7f9a2ac9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f055921123bd7f9a2ac9:3","document_content":"# The Bell (novel)\nMichael Meade\\'s secret homosexuality is an important aspect of the novel, which was published only one year after the Wolfenden report recommended the decriminalization of private homosexual acts involving consenting adults. His homosexuality is presented without \\\"fanfare or politics\\\" as one variety of love. Murdoch was notable for her sympathetic portrayal of homosexuals, and after *The Bell* at least one gay character appeared in each of her novels .\nThe novel\\'s structure is characterized by numerous sets of doubles and \\\"contrastive pairs\\\", including the twins Nick and Catherine Fawley, the new and old bells, the two communities at Imber Court and Imber Abbey, and the two confessions by Nick and Toby, both of whom are loved by Michael but betray him. These pairs, which contribute a \\\"pleasing symmetry\\\" to the plot, have also been analysed in terms of Murdoch\\'s Platonic view of reality.\nMusic of various kinds appears frequently and sound is an important image throughout. The sounds include the songs of birds in the forest, which are heard in several scenes, and the bird imitations by one of the community members. The nuns are heard singing in their chapel and some of the Imber Court community sing madrigals and listen to Bach recordings, which Dora dislikes, although she later comes to enjoy Mozart.\n*The Bell*, Iris Murdoch\\'s fourth novel, was published in 1958 by Chatto & Windus in Great Britain and Viking Press in the United States. It was an immediate popular and commercial success, with 30,000 copies of the British edition printed within ten weeks of its publication.","parent_id":"f055921123bd7f9a2ac9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f055921123bd7f9a2ac9:4","document_content":"# The Bell (novel)\nThe novel was widely and positively reviewed. *The Times*, while remarking that Murdoch tended to \\\"explain exhaustively rather than to indicate imaginatively\\\", described *The Bell* as \\\"a story which is running over with purpose and intelligence\\\" and \\\"a joy to read\\\". Writing in *The Spectator*, Frank Kermode called it \\\"a very notable achievement\\\". He noted changes in her style over the course of her four published books, and an increased interest in placing her stories \\\"in some large pattern of related meanings\\\". Elizabeth Bowen described the book as \\\"a masterpiece of direct narrative\\\", both \\\"more remarkable\\\" and \\\"more orthodox\\\" than her previous books, but retaining Murdoch\\'s characteristic \\\"dynamic strangeness\\\". In *The New York Times*, Gilbert Millstein described *The Bell* as \\\"an addition of consistent excellence\\\" to her body of work. His review noted thematic parallels with Mary McCarthy\\'s 1949 novel *The Oasis*. Writing in *Partisan Review*, Irving Howe found the novel as a whole unrealistic and overly symbolic, but praised Murdoch\\'s ability to write \\\"convincingly, without rant or affectation\\\" about love, including homosexual love, which he described as a \\\"rare novelistic gift\\\".\nScholars have analysed *The Bell* in terms of its relationship to Murdoch\\'s philosophical thought. In the 1950s she published several essays opposing the currently dominant schools of analytic philosophy and existentialism. *The Bell* can be seen as symbolically demonstrating the shortcomings of both views, with the rule-bound Imber Court community representing analysis with its insistence on publicly observable behaviour as the essence of morality, while the unruly and self-absorbed Nick represents Existential Man. Peter Conradi notes that *The Bell* is \\\"her first novel to be fuelled by Platonism, in which Good substitutes for God, and any authentic spiritual tradition, including appreciation of the visual arts \\... provides a means of ascent\\\".","parent_id":"f055921123bd7f9a2ac9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f055921123bd7f9a2ac9:5","document_content":"# The Bell (novel)\nBoth Conradi and A. S. Byatt contrast and compare *The Bell* with Murdoch\\'s 1963 novel *The Unicorn*. Conradi sees them both as \\\"toy(ing) with the sublime\\\", which \\\"has at its heart the disharmony between mind and world\\\", while for Byatt the novels are related to each other by their treatment of religious themes.\n\n### Television\n*The Bell* was adapted as a four-part television miniseries by Reg Gadney. Directed by Barry Davis with music by Marc Wilkinson, it appeared on BBC Two beginning on 13 January 1982. The cast included Ian Holm as Michael Meade, Tessa Peake-Jones as Dora Greenfield, and Michael Maloney as Toby Gashe.\n\n### Radio\nA three-part adaptation of *The Bell* by Michael Bakewell was broadcast on the BBC Radio 4 series *Classic Serial* in November 1999. Among the cast were Cathryn Bradshaw as Dora and Jamie Bamber as Toby.","parent_id":"f055921123bd7f9a2ac9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"afe102183dab65e84ea4:0","document_content":"# Chain of Attack\n***Chain of Attack*** is a 1987 *Star Trek: The Original Series* novel written by Gene DeWeese.\nWhile mapping gravitational anomalies, the USS *Enterprise* is hurled millions of light-years off course. They find themselves in a galaxy devastated by war and soon they are under attack by both warring fleets. Captain Kirk risks his ship and crew in order to stop the war and get home.\n*Chain of Attack* reached 12 on the New York Times bestseller list on February 22, 1987.\nThe novel has been adapted into a fan-made film, Star Trek: Infinite Chain, which can be viewed on YouTube.","parent_id":"afe102183dab65e84ea4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"4e1b8d60ac199850bbeb:0","document_content":"# The Final Nexus\n***The Final Nexus*** is a 1988 *Star Trek: The Original Series* novel written by Gene DeWeese.\nIn this sequel to *Chain of Attack*, the *Enterprise* must deal with an ancient series of warp-gates, now malfunctioning, that threatens to tear apart the galaxy.\n*The Final Nexus* reached 12 on the New York Times bestseller list on December 11, 1988.","parent_id":"4e1b8d60ac199850bbeb","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e5c0c72a6ba6da4de346:0","document_content":"# Madame Doubtfire\n***Madame Doubtfire**\\'\\', known as***Alias Madame Doubtfire**\\'\\' in the United States, is a 1987 novel written by English author Anne Fine for teenage and young adult audiences. The novel is based on a family with divorced parents. Well received upon its publication in the UK, it was shortlisted for awards, including the Guardian Children\\'s Fiction Prize and Whitbread Children\\'s Book Award.\nIn November 1993, six years after its publication, the novel was adapted into *Mrs.\u00a0Doubtfire*, a film starring Robin Williams and Sally Field.\nDaniel and Miranda Hillard are separated and Miranda, a successful businesswoman, severely limits the amount of time Daniel, an impractical, out-of-work actor, is allowed to spend with their three children Lydia, Christopher and Natalie.\nWhen Miranda decides to hire a nanny, however, Daniel disguises himself as a woman and gets the job. Lydia and Christopher immediately know who \\\"Madame Doubtfire\\\" is, but Natalie and Miranda are fooled. Daniel uses his disguise to spend time with his children. Miranda comments that the house has never been run better.\nAfter Miranda discovers Daniel\\'s secret---and after one more terrible fight---both parents admit to mistakes and make arrangements for Daniel to see his children more often.\n- 1987: Guardian Children\\'s Fiction Prize (shortlist)\n- 1987: Observer Teenage Fiction Prize (shortlist)\n- 1987: Whitbread Children\\'s Book Award (shortlist)\nThe feature film adaptation was produced by 20th Century Fox (with a budget of \\$25 million) and was released on 24 November 1993. The adaptation was directed by Chris Columbus, and written by Randi Mayem Singer and Leslie Dixon. Robin Williams played the eponymous character, and Sally Field played his wife Miranda.\nIn the film, his disguise includes a prosthetic mask, which is so convincing that no one in his family recognizes him at first. Greg Cannom, Ve Neill, and Yolanda Toussieng received the Academy Award for Best Makeup for creating *Mrs.\u00a0Doubtfire*. Grossing \\$441.3 million worldwide, it became the second-highest-grossing film of 1993, behind only *Jurassic Park.*\n- *Avvai Shanmughi*\n- *Chachi 420*","parent_id":"e5c0c72a6ba6da4de346","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5d305ddd0a1ae13caa35:0","document_content":"# Saturn's Children (novel)\n***Saturn\\'s Children*** is a 2008 science fiction novel by British author Charles Stross. Stross called it \\\"a space opera and late-period Robert A. Heinlein\\|Robert A. Heinlein tribute\\\", specifically to Heinlein\\'s 1982 novel *Friday*.\nThe novel was nominated for the 2009 Hugo Award for Best Novel, the 2009 Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel, and was a finalist for the 2009 Prometheus Award. An audiobook version narrated by Bianca Amato was released in 2009.\nThe novel chronicles the travels and perils of Freya Nakamichi-47, a gynoid in a distant future in which humanity is extinct and a near-feudal android society has spread throughout the galaxy. Wealthy and self-indulgent \\\"aristos\\\" own and have enslaved most of the populace; the remaining \\\"free\\\" androids struggle to keep themselves independent and can rarely afford the exorbitant costs of interplanetary travel. Freya, a robotic courtesan originally designed to please humans but activated a century after their mysterious extinction, is considered obsolete and works menial jobs to survive. When she offends an aristo and needs to escape off-world, she accepts a job as a courier for the mysterious Jeeves Corporation and becomes embroiled in a complex and dangerous war among factions conspiring against each other for control of society.\n*Saturn\\'s Children* is an homage to the works of Isaac Asimov and Robert A. Heinlein, in particular Heinlein\\'s 1982 novel *Friday*. The novel opens with an explanation of Asimov's Three Laws of Robotics, and then establishes that humans are extinct. Jesse Willis of SFFaudio.com commented:\n*Bookmarks* magazine called the novel \\\"a commentary on identity and free will in a post-human galaxy\\\", adding:","parent_id":"5d305ddd0a1ae13caa35","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5d305ddd0a1ae13caa35:1","document_content":"# Saturn's Children (novel)\n*Booklist* praised *Saturn\\'s Children* as \"one of the most stylishly imaginative robot tales ever penned\\\", and *The Times* described it as \\\"a smart and playful romp.\" The *San Diego Union-Tribune* called the novel \"Good fun \\... Heinlein himself would've liked this.\" Calling it an \\\"erotic futuristic thriller\\\", *Publishers Weekly* pointed out that the novel contains \\\"a deep message of how android slavery recapitulates humanity\\'s past mistakes\\\", but also suggests that Stross \\\"struggles to make it heard over the moans and gunshots\\\". Adrienne Martini of the *Baltimore City Paper* wrote that \\\"Stross seems to be saying something about identity and class, but those larger ideas get buried in a labyrinthine plot that isn't overly satisfying on its own,\\\" adding that \\\"for a Heinlein fan, *Saturn's Children* is an interesting game of spot the reference.\\\" Jesse Willis of SFFaudio.com wrote:\n*Saturn\\'s Children* was nominated for the 2009 Hugo Award for Best Novel, the 2009 Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel, and was a finalist for the 2009 Prometheus Award.\n\n## Sequels\nThough Stross wrote *Saturn\\'s Children* as a standalone novel, he published a short story sequel called \\\"Bit Rot\\\" in the 2010 anthology *Engineering Infinity* and later made it available online. In the story, a descendant android of Freya\\'s named Lilith Nakamichi-47 is on a long interstellar voyage as a catastrophic event wreaks havoc on the spaceship and its occupants. Robert E. Waters of *Tangent* classified \\\"Bit Rot\\\" as \\\"one of the hardest SF stories\\\" in the anthology, and called it \\\"one of the most clever zombie stories in recent memory.\\\" Lois Tilton of *Locus* agreed, calling it \\\"an exceedingly neat idea for a space horror story, twisting the classic, and Stross, of course, works it out thoroughly well.\\\" Nigel Seel wrote for ScienceFiction.com:","parent_id":"5d305ddd0a1ae13caa35","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5d305ddd0a1ae13caa35:2","document_content":"# Saturn's Children (novel)\n## Sequels\nIn 2013 Stross released *Neptune\\'s Brood*, a novel set later in the same universe as *Saturn\\'s Children*, and called \\\"Bit Rot\\\" the \\\"missing link\\\" between the two novels.","parent_id":"5d305ddd0a1ae13caa35","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"65861ed64ea603a8fe3f:0","document_content":"# Amaze Your Friends\n***Amaze Your Friends*** is a 1998 Ned Kelly Award-winning novel by Australian author Peter Doyle.\n- Ned Kelly Awards for Crime Writing, Best Novel, 1999: winner\n- \\\"Australian Crime Fiction database\\\"","parent_id":"65861ed64ea603a8fe3f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"dc89bda143ad78654c57:0","document_content":"# The Last Days (Masterson novel)\n***The Last Days: the Apocryphon of Joe Panther*** is a 1998 Ned Kelly Award-winning novel by the Australian author Andrew Masterson.\n- Ned Kelly Awards for Crime Writing, Best First Novel Award, 1999: winner\n- \\\"Australian Crime Fiction database\\\"\n- \\\"Tabula Rasa\\\"","parent_id":"dc89bda143ad78654c57","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"def82a784e5ade259b50:0","document_content":"# Maramar Deuta\n***Maramar Deuta*** is a children\\'s novel written in Assamese by renowned Assamese author and film director Dr.\u00a0Bhabendra Nath Saikia. It is about the bond between a child and his father. It was first published serially in several episodes in children\\'s magazine *Xophura*, also then edited by Dr.\u00a0Bhabendra Nath Saikia. Although the author said that the novel was especially meant for teenagers, it is popular among all age groups.\nThe novel was translated into English by Ashok Bhagawati and published by National Book Trust of New Delhi in 1998. The name of the English version is ***Dear Father***.","parent_id":"def82a784e5ade259b50","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5aac3e0b5395bb909f72:0","document_content":"# One for Sorrow (novel)\n***One for Sorrow*** is a coming-of-age novel by the American writer Christopher Barzak. In 2014 it was adapted into the feature film *Jamie Marks is Dead* and debuted at the Sundance Film Festival. Directed by Carter Smith, the film\\'s actors include Liv Tyler, Judy Greer, Cameron Monaghan, Morgan Saylor, Noah Silver, and Madisen Beaty.\nThe novel tells the story of Adam McCormick and Gracie Highsmith, and their relationship to Jamie Marks, a boy found in the woods, supposedly murdered. It does not follow the traditional suspense or mystery novel\\'s convention of tracking down the murderer. Instead, the book explores the nature of relationships between young adults and their families, communities (a somewhat hard-scrabble rural working class small town outside of Youngstown, Ohio), and the search for hope or redemption. Adam and Jamie\\'s relationship has several homoerotic elements that could argue that Adam is bisexual.\nThe novel makes use of fantastical elements (in this case, ghosts) situated in a mostly realistic, recognizable setting.\n*One for Sorrow* won the Crawford Award for Best First Fantasy in 2008. It was also nominated for the Great Lakes Book Award, The Logo Channel\\'s New Now Next Award, and The Locus Award for Best First Novel. The novel was praised as \\\"lovely, melancholy, offbeat\\\" in a Village Voice review of 2007.\n*The Washington Post* called *One for Sorrow* a \\\"remarkable first novel.\\\"","parent_id":"5aac3e0b5395bb909f72","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b099606382791058905e:0","document_content":"# An Iron Rose\n***An Iron Rose*** (1998) is a novel by Australian author Peter Temple.\n\\\"For Josephine Margaret Temple and Alexander Royden Harold Wakefield Temple : first and best influences.\\\"\n- \\\"Echoes from a Distant Mountain\\\"\n- \\\"The Daily Telegraph\\\"\n- \\\"Reviewing the Evidence\\\"","parent_id":"b099606382791058905e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6a39c315025fc0ee286f:0","document_content":"# The Room (novel)\n***The Room*** is the second novel by Hubert Selby Jr., first published in 1971. It is often regarded as one of the most violent and disturbing books ever written.\nThe novel centers on a nameless petty criminal locked in a remand cell awaiting trial for a\ncrime only vaguely defined, as the novel progresses the man surrenders himself to self-pity and hatred,\nConstructing elaborate fantasies of revenge and the atrocious torture he wishes to inflict on both of the officers who- he believes-falsely arrested him. He creates scenarios in his mind where he cross-examines them in court, successfully proving them guilty of Multiple crimes they have committed, in others, they are human dogs condemned to be his slaves and he constantly tortures them in many grotesque ways.\nSelby described the critical reception of the book as \\\"the greatest reviews I\\'ve ever read in my life\\\", although in reality it was not well received. The novel was regarded by Selby as the most disturbing book ever written, and Selby stated that he himself was unable to read it again for 20 years. At least one reviewer has expressed similar feelings, with claims that reading the novel made him physically sick. It has been described as \\\"a terrifying journey into the darkest corners of the psyche.\\\"\nA section of *The Room* is used in Richard Linklater\\'s *Waking Life*, where a red-faced man in a jail cell describes in vivid detail the abuse he intends to inflict once he is released.\nThe 2008 death metal track \\\"Beg, You Dogs\\\" by the band Benediction is based on the book.","parent_id":"6a39c315025fc0ee286f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"31974e9b78b6b54a9cb2:0","document_content":"# Chronicle of a Blood Merchant\n***Chronicle of a Blood Merchant*** () is a 1995 novel composed by Chinese writer Yu Hua. It is his third published novel after *Cries in the Drizzle* and *To Live*. It is the story of a silk factory worker, Xu Sanguan, who sells his blood over the years, in most cases in an attempt to improve the lives of himself and his family members, and overcome family difficulties. The story is set in the late 1940s until the 1980s, from the early years of the People\\'s Republic of China until after the Cultural Revolution.\nThe story begins with Xu Sanguan's visit to his grandpa, when he first knew about selling blood. His first time to sell blood is to prove his body is in good health. After discovering that selling blood can quickly get him a lot of cash, he begins to sell blood constantly when he and his family struggle with life difficulties. By the end of the story, Xu Sanguan's family no longer lacks cash, and he thus no longer needs to sell blood to support his family.\nThe space of \"folk\" in the novel is neatly built by the extensive use of repetitions and dialogues, which highlights the nature of Chinese peasants and the social scenario of the era. The novel holds elements of black humor---a characteristic that Yu Hua typically applies in his other novels such as *To Live.* Yu Hua\\'s style of using humor to highlight contemporary socio-political issues in China has been compared to the modern visual art movement of \\'Cynical Realism\\'.","parent_id":"31974e9b78b6b54a9cb2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"31974e9b78b6b54a9cb2:1","document_content":"# Chronicle of a Blood Merchant\nThe book received rave reviews from critics and an English translation by Andrew F. Jones was released in 2003. The title has also been translated as *The Chronicle of Xu Sanguan's Blood Selling*, *Xu Sanguan's Records of Selling Blood* and *The Tale of Xu Sanguan Selling Blood*. The translator stated that this novel is \\\"a work of literary imagination and social critique.\\\"\nXu Sanguan works in a silk factory, distributing silk-worm cocoons to the spinners. To make extra income, Xu Sanguan decides to sell blood at a hospital. He befriends Genlong and Ah Fang, who are blood-sellers themselves and with whom Xu travels to the hospital. The two tell Xu that every time after they sold their blood, they have a plate of fried pork livers and two shots of yellow rice wine at the Victory Restaurant, believing that the pork livers replenish blood while the rice wine maintains the blood quality.\nXu Sanguan marries Xu Yulan and gives birth to three boys soon after: Yile, Erle and Sanle. After nine years, questions about Yile's legitimacy arises, and it is revealed that Xu Yulan had slept with her ex-lover, He Xiaoyong. Xu Sanguan's relationship with Yile becomes tumultuous as a result. One day, the sons get into a fight and Yile critically injures Blacksmith Fang's son. At first, both Xu and He deny responsibility for Yile's actions and refuse to pay for Blacksmith Fang's son's hospital bill. But Xu sells his blood and pays his debt to Fang. Ashamed of being a cuckold, Xu sleeps with a former love interest of his, Lin Fenfang.","parent_id":"31974e9b78b6b54a9cb2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"31974e9b78b6b54a9cb2:2","document_content":"# Chronicle of a Blood Merchant\n1958 rolls around, and the family is caught in the socio-political upheaval brought about by the Great Leap Forward. Famine sweeps across the country. With communal canteens set up by the Chinese Communist Party all closing, Xu's family is forced to look out for themselves. The silk factory where Xu Sanguan works also closes. After selling his blood once again, Xu Sanguan takes the whole family except Yile to eat noodles at the Victory Restaurant. Distraught, Yile approaches He Xiaoyong, his supposed biological father, hoping to find acceptance, but is also rejected. After wandering the streets, Yile returns to a worried Xu Sanguan who takes him to the Victory Restaurant for noodles. Xu Sanguan's relationship with Yile is mended as a result.\nOne day, He Xiaoyong gets hit by a truck and is critically injured. After consulting a fortune-teller, He Xiaoyong's wife is told that to recover her husband's soul from heaven, a son must call atop the chimney and beg for his soul to return. However, as He Xiaoyong only has two daughters, He's wife approaches Yile, He Xiaoyong's supposed biological son, for help. After some convincing, Yile agrees, and proceeds to call atop the chimney for He Xiaoyong's soul to return. Xu Sanguan retrieves Yile from the chimney and swears an oath claiming Yile as his son. It is later revealed that He Xiaoyong did not survive his injuries.\nThe Cultural Revolution arrives. Xu Yulan is accused of being a prostitute and is forced to suffer through struggle sessions. Day after day, Xu Yulan stands in the street on a stool with a placard labelled 'Xu Yulan, Prostitute'. Yile is sent to the countryside as part of the Communist Party's policy of re-education. Erle is also sent away after graduating school, leaving only Sanle with Xu Sanguan and Xu Yulan. Sanle begins working in a machine tools factory after completing school.","parent_id":"31974e9b78b6b54a9cb2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"31974e9b78b6b54a9cb2:3","document_content":"# Chronicle of a Blood Merchant\nXu Sanguan finds himself running low on money again and goes to sell blood. At the blood station, he coincidentally finds Genlong, whom he had not seen for ten years. Xu learns that Ah Fang is in poor health after his bladder had burst from drinking too much water. The two men head to Victory Restaurant for a meal afterwards, but Genlong falls ill and dies. The doctors say Genlong died from a cerebral hemorrhage, but Xu suspects Genlong sold too much blood.\nBack at the countryside where Yile and Erle's production brigades work, Yile becomes sick. Erle carries his brother to the ferry and they both return to town where Yile can receive treatment. It is revealed that Yile contracted hepatitis and must travel to Shanghai for proper treatment. Erle also falls ill from a flu and is sent to hospital. Xu Sanguan goes around the village borrowing money and gathers enough to send Yile and Xu Yulan to Shanghai. He plans to meet them in Shanghai and resorts to selling blood once again.\nXu Sanguan sets off for Shanghai, selling blood at multiple hospitals along his journey. He grows increasingly weak from the practice and is hospitalized for a period of time. Xu Sanguan manages to hitch a ride on a barge, and he befriends the two brothers operating the vessel, Laixi and Laishun. Xu travels with them for several days and the three sell blood along the way. Eventually, Xu parts ways with the brothers and reaches Shanghai, where he finds Yile is alive and recovering well.","parent_id":"31974e9b78b6b54a9cb2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"31974e9b78b6b54a9cb2:4","document_content":"# Chronicle of a Blood Merchant\nSome years later, Yile, Erle and Sanle have all gotten stable jobs, gotten married, had children and moved into their own houses. One day, Xu Sanguan passes Victory Restaurant and feels the urge to sell blood. But this time, he is rejected as he is deemed too old. Xu becomes worried that he can no longer sell blood to support his family when in need. But Xu Yulan, Yile, Erle, and Sanle remind him that he doesn't need to sell blood anymore for the tough times have passed. The novel ends with Xu Yulan and Xu Sanguan having a meal of fried pork livers and yellow rice wine at the Victory Restaurant.\n*Chronicle of a Blood Merchant* describes the suffering of the lower class which took place during the most turbulent time in Chinese history, and creates a sorrowful atmosphere with a touch of gentleness. Blood is the main element, which builds up throughout the majority of the story. The protagonist sells his blood twelve times in the story for many reasons, including cultural taboo, food, and sacrifices. Xu Sanguan sells his blood to overcome crises he faces in his life, to a point where he believes that selling blood could overcome any crisis. However, at the end of the story Xu Sanguan couldn\\'t sell his blood anymore because he\\'s too old and the quality of his blood is not accessible to anyone.","parent_id":"31974e9b78b6b54a9cb2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"31974e9b78b6b54a9cb2:5","document_content":"# Chronicle of a Blood Merchant\n- **Xu Sanguan** (\u8bb8\u4e09\u89c2): The protagonist, a cart-pusher in a silk factory in a small rural town. He had to sell his blood because his meager salary is not enough to sustain his family.\n- **Xu Yulan** (\u8bb8\u7389\u5170): Xu Sangua's wife, a pretty young woman \\\"Fried Dough Queen\\\", She became a housewife after having three sons.\n- **Yile** (\u4e00\u4e50): The eldest son of Xu Sanguan.\n- **Erle** (\u4e8c\u4e50): The second son of Xu Sanguan.\n- **Sanle** (\u4e09\u4e50): The youngest son of Xu Sanguan.\n- **He Xiaoyong** (\u4f55\u5c0f\u52c7): Xu Yulan\\'s ex-lover, who is supposedly Yile's biological father.\n- **Lin Fenfang** (\u6797\u82ac\u82b3): Xu Sanguan had an affair with Lin Fenfang when he found out that Yile was not his own son.\n- **Blood Chief Li** (\u674e\u8840\u5934): The bald man who\\'s in charge of buying blood for the hospital. He\\'s the one that decides who gets to sell blood and who doesn\\'t.\n- **Ah Fang** and **Genlong** (\u963f\u65b9 \u6839\u9f99): Xu Sanguan accompanies them to the hospital for his first blood sale.","parent_id":"31974e9b78b6b54a9cb2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"31974e9b78b6b54a9cb2:6","document_content":"# Chronicle of a Blood Merchant\nAccording to Jeffrey Wasserstrom, *Chronicle of a Blood Merchant* was \\\"hailed by many as one of the best books published in China in the 1990s.\\\" Richard King addressed Gang Yue\\'s comparison to Lu Xun by stating that \\\"Yu Hua's small-town everyman becomes a figure of a dignity to which Ah Q could never aspire\\\". King also praised the novel\\'s construction. The book was praised in *The Seattle Times*.as a \\\"rare achievement in literature.... Xu Sanguan is a character that reflects not just a generation but the soul of a people.\\\" Michael Laris of *The Washington Post* argued, \"The epic \\-- and at times crude \\-- stories of struggle and survival in \\... Chronicle of a Blood Merchant offer unforgettable images of cruelty and kindness, Yu Hua\\'s characters are torn between their animal instincts and their humanity. What Yu Hua brings to these narratives is a steely willingness to take things too far.\"\nHa Jin, author of *Waiting*, described Yu Hua as a \\\"major contemporary novelist\\\" and stated that the latter \\\"writes with a cold eye but a warm heart. His novels are ingeniously structured and exude a mythical aura. Though unmistakably Chinese, they are universally resonant.\" Dai Sijie, author of *Balzac and the Little Chinese Seamstress* (2000), called it a \\\"wrenching and blackly humorous tale. Long after I closed the book, the character Xu Sanguan has remained stubbornly impressed upon my heart.\"","parent_id":"31974e9b78b6b54a9cb2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"31974e9b78b6b54a9cb2:7","document_content":"# Chronicle of a Blood Merchant\nWang Ping, author of *Foreign Devil* (1996) and *Aching for Beauty* (2000), wrote, \"*Chronicle of a Blood Merchant* takes us straight to the heartland of China---the towns, streets, courtyards, kitchens, and bedrooms where ordinary Chinese live. They may not be great warriors or politicians, but their courageous efforts in living a life with hope and dignity make them true heroes. This book is a gem.\" Nola Theiss, author of Kliatt, argued, \"The story is filled with strange attitudes and behaviors, which give insight to this peculiar time and place. Yu Hua is considered one of the most important young writers in China today and his writing carries a truth that is typical of fables and parables.\"\nA Korean-language film adaptation *(Chronicle of a Blood Merchant)* directed by Ha Jung-woo premiered in South Korea on January 15, 2015.\nInstead of setting the background in rural China, the film has been localized and the setting is shifted right after the Korean War. Leaving out the political movements, the film emphasizes more on the storyline of protagonists' daily life.\nIn 2013, a stage play *Chronicle of a Blood Merchant* reworked by Tang Wai-Kit was premiered by the We Draman Group in Hong Kong.\n- To Live by Yu Hua (Tr. by Michael Berry) and Chronicle of a Blood Merchant by Yu Hua (Tr. by Andrew F. Jones) Reviewed by Richard King, MCLC Resource Center Publication, March 2004\n-","parent_id":"31974e9b78b6b54a9cb2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f629426788db614d42a7:0","document_content":"# The Quiet War\n***The Quiet War*** is a 2008 science fiction novel written by Paul McAuley. It was initially published by Gollancz on 16 October 2008. The novel was an Arthur C. Clarke Award Nominee in 2009.\n*The Quiet War* is a space opera set in the 23rd Century. Some of the Earth\\'s population has fled the planet due to war and catastrophic climate change. In the aftermath of climatic disaster and massive loss of life, humanity has consolidated into three superpowers that control the planet.\nThe population that fled the planet initially colonized the Moon and Mars, but these colonies were destroyed by hostile forces from Earth. The pioneers---or \\\"Outers\\\" as they came to be known---eventually settled among Jupiter\\'s moons Callisto, Europa, and Ganymede, and Saturn\\'s moons Dione, Enceladus, and Mimas. The Outers have survived by using highly advanced genetic engineering and their pure determination for a free life. They have formed a loose form of democracy which over the course of centuries has been dominated by long-lived humans who still remember the events which caused them to flee Earth.\nThe Earthly superpowers have struggled to rebuild the planet. The most powerful and aggressive superpower is Greater Brazil, a nation controlling both South America and the remains of North America. North America has been devastated by climate change, which caused the destruction of civilization there, with few cities left populated. Greater Brazil has taken over this desert continent and forced the population to live by their \\\"green\\\" politics whereby the population lives in cities while the open land is being restored to a pristine natural state.\nGreater Brazil is a corrupt state run by a handful of powerful families; it is anti-democratic and culturally conservative. It is semi-feudal; people who are not related to the ruling families by blood or marriage are essentially like medieval serfs. Greater Brazil is threatened by the very existence of the democratic and technologically dynamic Outer colonies, while at the same time greedy for the benefits of Outer technology. Genetic engineering is a particularly touchy subject for Greater Brazil, which interprets extensive \\\"cutting\\\", as they call it, to be against their green political and religious philosophies. For all of these reasons, Greater Brazil wishes to subdue the Outers and bring them under their control.","parent_id":"f629426788db614d42a7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f629426788db614d42a7:1","document_content":"# The Quiet War\nThe novel follows the lives of a small set of individuals, all of them from Greater Brazil, who become caught up in the events set in motion by Greater Brazil\\'s designs for the Outer colonies. These central characters include an arrogant but brilliant \\\"gene wizard\\\"; a space fighter pilot to whom the gene wizard gives extraordinary powers; a cloned assassin designed by the gene wizard to infiltrate the Outers; a soil biologist who is recruited for a joint Earth-Outer goodwill project; and an unprincipled, ambitious weasel of a man who does his superiors\\' dirty work.\nThe events of the novel were followed up in 2009 with McAuley\\'s *Gardens of the Sun*.\nEric Brown of *The Guardian* noted \\\"Few writers conjure futures as convincingly as McAuley: his latest novel deftly combines bold characterisation, a thorough understanding of political complexity, and excellent science - in this case the biology of terraforming. It\\'s the 23rd century and humanity has split into two competing blocs: the citizens of Earth, ruled by a few powerful families, and the Outers, the descendants of dissidents who fled the repressive regimes of Earth and settled on the moons of Jupiter and Saturn. After a slow start, the novel picks up pace to present a future that is wondrous yet marred by human frailty\\\".\nAbigail Nussbaum of *Strange Horizons* wrote \\\"between the flatness of its narrative and the predictability of its characters, there\\'s not much to feel passionate about in The Quiet War, and for the first part in a series this may be a fatal flaw. The novel is undercut by not amounting to a single story---it ends as the war ends, but with the solar system still in turmoil, the political situation and ultimate disposition of Earth and the Outer colonies still unclear, and our characters hanging in limbo. On the other hand, the novel\\'s ending isn\\'t nearly open-ended enough to create the suspense that\\'ll whet its readers\\' appetite for the next installment, and since the story itself is not much more than enjoyable, I for one don\\'t feel any compulsion to read the next chapter. \\\".","parent_id":"f629426788db614d42a7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"bd5b7e2cf04c1a0254a4:0","document_content":"# My Father's Wives\n***My Father\\'s Wives*** is a novel by the Angolan author Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Agualusa published in 2008 by Arcadia Books (London, England). It was translated by Daniel Hahn from Portuguese: *As Mulheres do Meu Pai*, published in 2007 by Editora L\u00edngua Geral (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) and Publica\u00e7\u00f5es Dom Quixote (Lisbon, Portugal).\nUpon his death, the famous Angolan composer Faustino Manso left seven widows and eighteen children. His youngest daughter, Laurentina, a filmmaker, tries to reconstruct the late musician\\'s turbulent life. In *My Father's Wives*, reality and fiction run side by side, the former feeding into the latter. However, in the territories Agualusa crosses, fiction plays a part in reality too. The four characters in the novel which the author is writing as he travels accompany him from Luanda, the Angolan capital to Benguela and Namibe (now Mo\u00e7\u00e2medes). They cross the Namibian sands and their ghost towns, reaching Cape Town. They carry on to Maputo, then Quelimane beside the Bons Sinais River, and then to the island of Mozambique. They cross landscapes that border dreams, landscapes from which -- here and there -- the strangest characters emerge. *My Father's Wives* is a novel about women, music and magic. These pages herald the rebirth of Africa, a continent afflicted by terrible problems but blessed with a talent for music, by the ever-renewed strength of its women and the secret power of ancient gods.\nIn *The Independent*, Boyd Tonkin called the work \\\"rich in historical sidelights and deft character-sketches.\\\" He continues, \\\"A radiant humour and humanity speeds his novel through its picaresque twists and turns.\\\"\nIn *The Guardian*, Jennie Erdal cites \\\"an artful mix of fact, reportage, politics, poetry and personal confession, not to mention mountainous dollops of sheer unadulterated invention - all dispatched in short episodic chapters and musical, rhythmic prose.\\\" She praises further: \\\"Agualusa, master of multiple perspectives, remains impressively in control. The result is a giant melting pot, exuding intoxicating fumes of love and death that permeate the exotic, chaotic sweep of southern Africa.\\\"","parent_id":"bd5b7e2cf04c1a0254a4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9:0","document_content":"# Brothers (Yu novel)\n***Brothers*** (simplified Chinese: \u5144\u5f1f; pinyin: Xi\u014dngd\u00ec) is the longest novel written by the Chinese novelist Yu Hua, in total of 76 chapters, separately published in 2005 for the part 1 (of the first 26 chapters) and in 2006 for part 2 (of the rest 50 chapters) by Shanghai Literature and Art Publishing House. This was Yu Hua\\'s first novel after a decade or dormancy from writing and publishing works. It has over 180 thousand characters in Chinese, more than the 100 thousand characters that were originally planned for the book. It intertwines tragedy and comedy, and Yu Hua himself admits that the novel is personally his favorite literary work. *Brothers* was a new realm of literature for Yu Hua, with the novel often being described as extremely crude and expletive. *Brothers* has experienced great success with nearly 1 million copies sold in China. By 2019, Yu Hua\\'s works had been published in 38 countries and translated into 35 different languages. This success may be contributed to his success publicity tour to gain attraction towards the novel after his hiatus from writing. While reception among Chinese critics was generally negative, the novel was shortlisted for the Man Asian Literary Prize and awarded France\\'s Prix Courrier International in 2008. It was translated into English by Eileen Cheng-yin Chow and Carlos Rojas in 2009, a couple from the Middle Eastern department at Duke University.\nThe story of the novel revolves around the step-brotherhood between Baldy Li and Song Gang who are the protagonists. Their life that has been of absurd and tragedy throughout China\\'s history from the 1960s to the early period of Chinese Economic Reform serves as the main plot. The division of the novel into two parts is contextually on the basis of the death of Li Lan who is the biological mother of Baldy Li and the step-mother of Song Gang. The first part primarily focuses on their childhood, especially during the Cultural Revolution with the collapse of their reorganized family and the tragedy of Song Fanping, the biological father of Song Gang and the Step-father of Baldy Li. The second part focuses on their adulthood with different life trajectories, especially during the early period of Chinese Economic Reform that formulates the mixture of absurdity and tragedy.","parent_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9:1","document_content":"# Brothers (Yu novel)\nAs shown in the translator\\'s preface, even though *Brothers* was published in 2005 and 2006, Yu Hua \\\"originally conceived of the idea for the novel as early as 1995\\\". The process of his writing was not well-off at the beginning. However, during his seven-month trip to the United States and France in 2003, he was \\\"inspired\\\" to go back to the project while China was stuck in the \\\"beauty-pageant fever\\\". The \\\"Miss World competition\\\", \\\"Tourism Queen International pageant\\\", \\\"National Contest of the Beauty of the Gray-headed for contestants over fifty-five\\\", and \\\"Miss Artificial Beauty pageant for plastic surgery recipients\\\" are representative of the trend of absurdity in China that encouraged Yu Hua for the continuation of the novel that is of the reality of absurdity. Turns out, the reality of absurdity is demonstrated in the novel, especially in Part 2 with a fictional event called \\\"National Virgin Beauty Competition\\\".\nYu Hua had expressed in an interview with Zhang Qinghua that he wanted to express some level of chaos in *Brothers*, which had characterized his writing throughout the 1980s to the present. The Cultural Revolution plays a major role in the novel, particularly in Part 1. The brothers have to navigate their way through the chaotic times of the political movement that happened in this time period. Yu Hua himself came of age during the Cultural Revolution. He said in the interview, \\\"The Cultural Revolution was my formative experience, from the age of seven to seventeen, which of course would leave a significant impact\\\". His view of violence also heavily influenced the writing of the book. He mentioned that the scene where Song Fanping - one of the main characters in the novel - was being beaten to death, was influenced by his own witness of an individual being beaten to death by the head of the revolutionary committee. The background of the author and of the Cultural Revolution with violence is significant because much of what happens in the book reflects the chaos that accompanied it.","parent_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9:2","document_content":"# Brothers (Yu novel)\n*Brothers* describes the step-brotherhood between Baldy Li and Song Gang. Their life of childhood and adolescence accompanied by their parents, Li Lan and Song Fanping, as a reorganized family amidst the rising and falling during the Culture Revolution Period is depicted in Part 1. Their life of adulthood with different living trajectories and destines during the early period of China\\'s Opening-up is depicted in Part 2.\n**Part 1**.\nBefore the birth of Baldy Li, his biological father falls into the cesspool and drowns himself while peeping at women\\'s butts in a public latrine. When Baldy Li becomes a teenager, he is caught and marched by Poet Zhao and Writer Liu as punishment for peeking at five women\\'s butts in a latrine. The mother of Baldy Li, Li Lan, is ashamed, resulting in her bitter muttering about her son -- \\\"A chip off the old block\\\". Even though Baldy Li\\'s good name is ruined, he begins to sell his glimpse of the naked bottom of Lin Hong, who is the most beautiful woman in Liu Town, in exchange of house-special noodles.\nLi Lan was extremely distressed and afraid of losing face due to the shameful death of her husband, resulting in the long-term migraines after giving birth to Baldy Li. She shuts the door to the public and becomes isolated while raising Baldy Li. Song Fanping -- the man who is always nice to Li Lan and brings the shit-covered dead body of the father of Baldy Li back to her -- is an exception. When Song Fanping\\'s wife passes away and Baldy Li is about seven, Li Lan and Song Fanping get married. Song Fanping, Li Lan, Baldy Li, and Song Gang -- the son of Song Fanping become a new blended family.","parent_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9:3","document_content":"# Brothers (Yu novel)\nOne year after their marriage, Li Lan\\'s migraines get worse. Song Fanping asks Li Lan to go to Shanghai for better medical treatment. Song Fanping takes care of Baldy Li and Song Gang himself. With the arrival of the Cultural Revolution, Song Fanping is overthrown because he is born into the landowning class. Song Fanping begins sweeping the school with red plaques around his neck, Badly Li translates these plaques according to Song Fanping\\'s lessons about landlord being similar to Chairman Mao. Song Fanping is tortured and locked up in a warehouse. The kids have to take care of themselves while being bullied by their peers.\nSong Fanping escapes from the warehouse and tries to pick Li Lai up in Shanghai as he promised, but he is beaten and tortured to death by the Red Guards at the bus depot of Liu Town. \\\"How can people be this vicious?\\\", says Mama Su, who witnesses Song Fanping\\'s death.\nNo one dares touch Song Fanping\\'s body for Baldy Li and Song Gang, except a man named Tao Qing who helps the kids bring Song Fanping\\'s dead body to their home. When Li Lan comes back from Shanghai and notices the death of her husband, she remains strong and handles his death. Li Lan purchases a coffin and brings his body to his birth town where Song Gang is picked up by his grandfather to live in the countryside.\nLi Lan remains loyal and steadfast for seven years after the death of Song Fanping by refusing to wash her hair. By the time Baldy Li is caught because of peeking five women\\'s butts in a latrine like his father, Li Lan worries about Baldy Li\\'s future and realizes that she is dying. She then takes care of Baldy Li\\'s orphan aid with Tao Qing and prepares her death affairs and visits Song Fanping\\'s grave for the Qingming holiday. She is accompanied by both Baldy Li and Song Gang at the very last moment of her life. She requests Song Gang to take care of Baldy Li by entrusting the boys to remain brothers and to always be fair by splitting. Song Gang makes his promise.\n**Part 2**.","parent_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9:4","document_content":"# Brothers (Yu novel)\nSoon after Li Lan\\'s death, Song Gang\\'s grandfather passes away as well. Song Gang then moves back to Liu Town and lives with Baldy Li. Baldy Li works at the Good Works Factory, and Song Gang works at the metal factory.\nWhen Baldy Li is appointed factory director, he decides to woo Lin Hong with Song Gang\\'s assistance. Lin Hong is sick of Baldy Li\\'s notorious reputation but interested in Song Gang\\'s grace and elegance. Song Gang reciprocates these feelings for Lin Hong. Eventually, Song Gang and Lin Hong get married. The following day of their marriage, Baldy Li goes to the hospital for a vasoligation with the goal of demonstrating his loyalty and steadfastness to Lin Hong.\nBaldy Li gets heart-broken but produces a profit miracle one after another at the Good Works Factory made up of disabled men. He then resigns and decides to run his own processing business. After he collects money for capital accumulation from several people in Liu Town and requires them for business preparation, he goes to Shanghai to seek business opportunities. However, he fails. When he comes back to Liu Town, he cannot make a living but asks Song Gang for relief. Lin Hong is unhappy about the reunion of Song Gang and Baldy Li, thus Song Gang severs his connection with Baldy Li once more.\nBaldy Li wants to go back to working at the Good Works Factory, but his request is rejected due to his unauthorized resignation that brought shame to Tao Qing. He thus protests in front of the county government building a scrap accumulation by sorting the junk. By accident, he begins to make money via selling the accumulated scraps and gets rich. He begins to return the debt to the town people he accumulated capital from with interests, he asks if they would like to join his newest business venture and heads to Japan for \\\"junk suits\\\" and speak with other businesses to become richer.","parent_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9:5","document_content":"# Brothers (Yu novel)\nIn the following five years, Baldy Li becomes a real man of wealth by running a real estate business in Liu Town. Nonetheless, Song Gang becomes unemployed. Even though he tries hard to make a living to support his family, he is seriously sick as his lungs are ruined. While Song Gang struggles with money-making, Baldy Li engages in a lawsuit with women who slept with Baldy Li and claim that he is the biological father of their kids. The farce at court ends up with the demonstration of Baldy Li\\'s vasoligation that helps him win the lawsuit. After the farce, Writer Liu publishes a report to praise Baldy Li, resulting in making Baldy Li as a successful entrepreneur nation-widely. Liu Town is, therefore, known as Baldy Li\\'s Town.\nSong Gang compromises with Lin Hong to ask Baldy Li for employment. Baldy Li offers a management position to Song Gang, but he declines as he feels ill prepared. In response, Badly Li secretly gives money to Lin Hong and requests her to send Song Gang for medical treatment.\nBaldy Li gets less and less famous from his nationwide image of a successful entrepreneur. He decides to hold an Inaugural National Virgin Beauty Competition to make his reputation great again. The so-called hymen economy springs up along with the competition. The Liu Town, which is also known as the Baldy Li\\'s Town, is now named as Virgin Beauty Town. Thousands of virgins journey to Liu Town in hopes to win and possibly become Baldy Li\\'s wife. Wandering Zhou, a charlatan, begins to make a profit during the competition by selling fake hymen\\'s international and domestic to the virgins.\nSong Gang leaves Liu Town with Wandering Zhou and they head to Shanghai, then travel to southern China. To make money, they try to sell different products, and Song Gang even has a breast implantation surgery to better sell the Boobs bust-enhancing cream. Their cooperative charlatan journey ends up with Wandering Zhou dropping out to take care of his new-born daughter with Missy Su in Liu Town. Preemptively becoming Wanderless Zhou.\nWhile Song Gang is still on his journey, Baldy Li pays a Russian painter for a giant portrait and asks Lin Hong to unveil the portrait. Eventually, they begin an affair while Song Gang is away.","parent_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9:6","document_content":"# Brothers (Yu novel)\nSong Gang comes back to Liu Town and hears about the affair between Baldy Li and Lin Hong. After consideration over a few days, Song Gang realizes and believes that Lin Hong should have been with Baldy Li since the beginning. He writes two letters -- one for Lin Hong and another for Baldy Li -- and then kills himself on the railway.\nBaldy Li and Lin Hong hear of the death of Song Gang when they are sleeping together after Lin Hong\\'s hymen reconstruction surgery. They are too late to regret it. On the next day, they receive Song Gang\\'s letters. The letter to Lin Hong demonstrates Song Gang\\'s love to her, and the letter to Baldy Li can be concluded by the last line: \\\"even if heaven and earth were to be turned upside down, we would still be brothers\\...even if we are separated by life and death, we will still be brothers.\\\"\nThree years after Song Gang\\'s death, people change in Liu Town. Lin Hong becomes a pimp and runs her prostitution business. Baldy Li decides he wants to go to outer space with the goal of placing Song Gang\\'s ashes in orbit to allow him traveling between the moon and stars and gives the company to Writer Liu, now CEO Liu.\n**Violence**\nYu Hua revisits themes of death, violence, and family that he has touched on in his earlier works. There are several other themes that are apparent throughout Brothers, a prominent theme would be suffering, which is prevalent in Baldy Li\\'s early life, especially with all of his misfortunes that both of his parents and his stepfather died when he was very young. This also demonstrates how it is a novel of survival, as Baldy Li and his family initially came from nothing, forcing Baldy Li to fight for his success as an entrepreneur. It is also considered a coming of age novel as it outlines Baldy Li\\'s life from his early childhood to his later life. There is also love woven throughout the story, not just romantic love but also brotherly and parental love. According to Hua Li, the author Yu Hua has a reoccurring trend of including premature death for his characters.\n**Apathy**","parent_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9:7","document_content":"# Brothers (Yu novel)\nThe Cultural Revolution seems to be a close friend of Yu Hua for his novelistic creation. In Part 1, the death, violence, and tragedy are written in relation to the well-known political movements of the 60s to 70s. However, Yu Hua, instead of depicting the cruelty of the movement itself, demonstrates more about relentless humanity during the movement. \\\"They are not human!\\\", \\\"How can people be this vicious?\\\" - says Mama Su as the character who witnesses Song Fanping\\'s death - might represent what Yu Hua wants to point out here. That said, Yu Hua incarnates as Mama Su, to lash out the ruthlessness of people (human nature) during the Cultural Revolution.\n**Farce**\nFarce is massively depicted in the novel, especially in Part 2. Some novelistic events such as the lawsuit between Baldy Li and the women with whom he slept, the Virgin Beauty Competition with the hymen economy, and Song Gang\\'s breast surgery with the goal of selling the boobs bust-enhancing cream are all farce. The events of farce can be seen as the demonstration of absurdity, and the absurdity is the basis of the real-world scenario. For instance, Yu Hua\\'s depiction of the Virgin Beauty Competition was inspired by the real-life farce of \\\"beauty-pageant fever\\\" during China\\'s early opening-up. This is to say, the novel of massive farce is the combination of both reality and absurdity to demonstrate the distorted and money-oriented human nature during the early period of China\\'s opening up.\n**Negative Portrayals of China & Politics**\nYu has not been shy in his dissent for China\\'s policies and corruption, even admitting \\\"I stipulate in all my contracts that my manuscripts can\\'t be touched editorially; not a word can be taken out. That\\'s because there\\'s a lot of politically sensitive material in there.\\\" Much of his distaste is masked in his novels through literary devices such as understatement, humour, inversion, self-mockery, ambivalent satire and subtle irony. For example, Baldy Li mimics a party secretary, in order to borrow the Chinese Communist Party\\'s organizational system in running his business.\n**Main Characters**.","parent_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9:8","document_content":"# Brothers (Yu novel)\n- **Baldy Li\uff08\u674e\u5149\u5934\uff09:** Li Lan\\'s biological son and Song Gang\\'s younger stepbrother. His real name is \\\"Li Guang.\\\" As a child, he gets caught while peeping at women\\'s bottoms at a restroom. Through various events in the story (part1 & part2), he eventually becomes the richest merchant in the Liu town and the nation\\'s premier tycoon. (Note: While writing his protagonist, Yu Hua did not anticipate his writing to eventually lead him to create Baldy Li as a rich and successful man)\n- **Song** **Gang\uff08\u5b8b\u94a2\uff09:** Song Fanping\\'s biological son, Baldy Li\\'s elder stepbrother and Lin Hong\\'s devoted husband. His loyal and stubborn characteristics are partly opposite to those of Baldy Li. Throughout the story, he endures injury, illness, and hardships while trying to earn money for Lin Hong. He follows Wondering Zhou out of Liu Town in the hope of making a fortune. Upon returning to Liu Town, he learns of Lin Hong\\'s affair with Baldy Li and commits suicide at the train track.\n- **Lin** **Hong\uff08\u6797\u7ea2\uff09:** The Liu Town no. 1 beauty. Her butt is peeped by young Baldy Li along with three other women\\'s. She becomes Baldy Li\\'s \\\"loved one\\\" in part 2, but she marries Song Gang and stays as a devoted wife until she gets sexual affairs with Baldy Li while Song Gang is out of town. After Song Gang\\'s death, she opens a beauty salon and turns it into a prostitution business.\n- **Li Lan\uff08\u674e\u5170\uff09:** Baldy Li\\'s biological mother. She is initially widowed when her first husband (Baldy Li\\'s biological father) drowned in a cesspool, peeping women\\'s bottoms. After a brief happy marriage with Song Fanping, she becomes widowed again when her second husband (Song Fanping) is beaten to death by the revolutionaries while she is in Shanghai to get her migraine treated. She later dies of uremia at her old age.\n- **Song Fanping\uff08\u5b8b\u51e1\u5e73) :** Song Gang\\'s biological father, and Baldy Li\\'s stepfather. Initially a widower, he remarries Li Lan, with whom he shows his devoted love to until death. He is locked up by the revolutionaries during the Cultural Revolution being in a family line of landlords, and is eventually beaten to death as he escapes the detainment warehouse to pick up Li Lan from Shanghai. He is remembered as a \\\"real man\\\" by the people of Liu Town.","parent_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9:9","document_content":"# Brothers (Yu novel)\n**Other Characters**.","parent_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9:10","document_content":"# Brothers (Yu novel)\n- **Success Liu\uff08\u5218\u6210\u529f\uff09:** Has many nicknames including Writer Liu, CEO Liu, Deputy Liu and PR Liu, which reflects his transition into various roles throughout his life. As a teen, he bullies Baldy Li and Song Gang with Victory Zhao and Sun Wei. He is later beaten to hospitalization by grown-up Baldy Li. He contributes to Baldy Li\\'s business and helps him gain nationwide fame by writing a tortured love story about him. Eventually becomes Baldy Li\\'s spokesman.\n- **Victory Zhao\uff08\u8d75\u80dc\u5229\uff09:** Also known as Poet Zhao. An opportunistic character. He catches a young Baldy Li peeping on women\\'s butts. In his jealousy towards Success Liu, from benefiting from Baldy Li\\'s success, he becomes an assistant to Wandering Zhou. However, he eventually fails to gain Wandering Zhou\\'s trust to continue working as his assistant.\n- **Sun Wei\uff08\u5b59\u4f1f\uff09:** Initially a friend of Success Liu and Victory Zhao, and a bully to Baldy Li. Later he becomes friends with Baldy Li when his former friends isolate him for being a landlord\\'s son during the Cultural Revolution. Later murdered by the revolutionaries.\n- **Tao Qing\uff08\u9676\u9752\uff09:** A man of good will. He carries Song Fanping\\'s corpse for the young Baldy Li and Song Gang. Remembering Li Lan\\'s plea to take care of her son, he hires Baldy Li into the welfare factory he built. Later promoted to the higher government position becoming the County Governor.\n- **Wandering** **Zhou\uff08\u5468\u6e38\uff09:** Inspired by Baldy Li\\'s success, he sets off to find business opportunities and returns with fake hymens for the virgin beauty contestants. He accompanies Song Gang to sell products and eventually returns to Liu Town without Song Gang upon learning that Missy Su gave birth to his daughter. Later changes his own nickname to \\\"Wanderless Zhou\\\"(\u5468\u4e0d\u6e38\uff09.\n- **Little** **Scissors** **Guan\uff08\u5c0f\u5173\u526a\u5200\uff09:** Also inspired by Baldy Li, he leaves Liu Town and never returns. Runs into Song Gang in Hainan Island and advises Song Gang to go back before he loses interest in returning.\n- **Yanker** **Yu\uff08\u4f59\u62d4\u7259\uff09:** First appears as the best dentist in the Liu town. During the cultural revolution period, classified patients\\' teeth as good teeth and anti-revolutionary teeth. He becomes a remarkable stockholder of Baldy Li\\'s company, interested in traveling around the world and do protesting.\n- **Ice Pops** **Wang\uff08\u738b\u51b0\u68cd\uff09:** Liu town\\'s ice pops seller, not very rich at the beginning. He became another remarkable stockholder of Baldy Li\\'s company, a conservative people criticized by Dentist Yu who doesn\\'t know fashion trends.\n- **Blacksmith** **Tong\uff08\u7ae5\u94c1\u5320\uff09:** Liu town\\'s blacksmith who is relatively smarter than the other characters, also a man who want Lin Hong\\'s butt story. He became a big supermarket owner after failing to cooperate with Baldy Li\\'s company through stock purchasing. When he gets old, he becomes a long-term custom of Lin Hong\\'s salon (prostitution place).\n- **Mama** **Su\uff08\u82cf\u5988\uff09:** A kind buddhism-belif woman who offers several helps to Baldy Li and his family, a traditional snack food restaurant owner.","parent_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9:11","document_content":"# Brothers (Yu novel)\nThe novel Brothers was translated to French in 2008 and Italian in 2009, with the American and Spanish versions coming after, in such order, followed by the Hungarian, German and Dutch versions even later. This is an alternative to how Yu Hua\\'s works often got translated as the English version would commonly be published after the European languages, e.g.\u00a0French, Italian, German were released. The translation from Chinese to English for the English version of Yu Hua\\'s Brothers was a dual effort from Eileen Cheng-yin Chow & Carlos Rojas, with Chow translating part I and Rojas part II, then revising their counterparts work. The story remains consistent with a singular narrative voice, which does not change back and forth between the two translators. The decision to have Eileen Cheng-yin Chow & Carlos Rojas translate the novel from Chinese to English, was due to Yu Hua being unable to translate the novel himself because of a family situation which arose in the period succeeding the Chinese editions publication.\n\n## Adaptation\nUnlike To Live that has been adapted for a film (*To Live*) and a Television series (*Fugui*), there is currently no adaptation of the same kinds for *Brothers*, possibly due to its novelistic absurdity and the political sensitivity of speaking about Cultural Revolution. Yet, *Brothers* was adopted for a stage play, starring by Xu Zheng who plays Baldy Li. Even though Xu Zheng is quite famous in China and the show was quite successful in Shanghai, the stage play is lesser known to the public. The novel was also adapted for a stage play in Japan in 2016 that Yu Hua attended the performance and praised the success of the adopted play. The cross-national adaptation indicates the increasing influence and significance of the novel on the international stage of literature.","parent_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9:12","document_content":"# Brothers (Yu novel)\n## Award\nA French distinction -- \\\"Courrier International Prize of the Best Foreign Book\\\" (\\\"Prix Courrier International du Meilleur Livre \u00c9tranger\\\" in French) -- was awarded to Yu Hua in October 2008 for *Brothers*. The prize aims to reward a French-translated publication in the form of \\\"an essay, a story or a novel\\...which would be a testimony of human condition in a given part of the world\\\". This award indicates that Brothers is of representativeness and the significance of showing China\\'s human condition throughout history.\nDue to the particularly politically sensitive subject matter and vulgar language, Yu Hua\\'s novel received generally harsh reviews from Chinese literary critics, despite selling nearly one million copies in China. Yu has not been shy in his dissent for China\\'s policies and corruption, even admitting \\\"I stipulate in all my contracts that my manuscripts can\\'t be touched editorially; not a word can be taken out. That\\'s because there\\'s a lot of politically sensitive material in there.\\\" The violent nature of his novels as sparked the \\\"Yu Hua xianxiang\\\" or the Yu Hua Phenomenon, as postmodern narratives begin to display cruelty and descriptive gore. Inversely, the novel managed to receive critical acclaim from English speaking countries, after being released in January 2009.\nBetween April 2008 and January 2009, less than a year after publication, Yu Hua\\'s Brothers has amassed more than fifty review from newspapers, radio and television programs, in addition to internet sites which ranged from brief to extensive. All of which proclaiming the novel as \\\"exceptional\\\".\n**Positive Commentary in the Eyes of Chinese Reviewers**\n- \\\"*Brothers* seems to be filled with vulgar language, yet it is indeed an artistic expression combined with human beings\\' extreme depression and indulgence\\\" -- by Hong Zhigang\n- \\\"\\...*Brothers*\\...is an exact and excellent example of realism, unfolding before readers the reality both straightforwardly and euphemistically\\\" -- by Chen Sihe (Professor of Literature at Fudan University)","parent_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9:13","document_content":"# Brothers (Yu novel)\n## Award\nDavid Barboza of *The New York Times* noted in September 2006 that while many in China had panned the novel, others had \\\"praised the work as a compelling picture of an increasingly materialistic, self-indulgent and even unhinged society. \\'I basically disagree with the critics,\\' said Liu Kang, a professor of Chinese cultural studies at Duke University. \\'This is a tremendous book. And Yu Hua is really one of the best Chinese contemporary writers.\\'\\\" In addition to this, despite the harsh criticism of the novel in China, it was received exceptionally well in France.\n**Positive Commentary in the Eyes of Anglophone Reviewers**\n- In the eyes of Anglophone reviewers, *Brothers* is praised as \\\"a masterful novel\\\" with the \\\"combination of broad caricature and earnest realism, vulgarity and pointed satire\\\" via \\\"boundless imagination\\\", \\\"tremendous narrative technique\\\", \\\"and Yu Hua\\'s flair for the macabre\\\". To make a long story short, the subject matter, the writing technique, and the plot imagination of the novel are all laudable. In Yubin Quan\\'s analysis of the Anglophone reviews, found that most commentary was fixated on the commentary towards the Cultural Revolution, rather than the violence often depicted in Yu Hua\\'s novels.\n- New York Times author Jess row describes part one of the novel as a \\\"sentimental-family-cum-epic romance\\\" while the second novel delves into \\\"a broad historical satire.\\\"\n**Negative Commentary in General**\n- Most critics, whether in the eyes of Chinese or Anglophone reviewers, attack *Brothers* \\\"as vulgar, simplistic, and immoral\\\" with \\\"numerous contents\\...that cannot hold water\\\". Others condemn the novel \\\"as lowbrow and crass\\\", which is as \\\"rough and absurd\\...as a tear-jerking soap opera\\\" with a \\\"trashy, Hollywood-style portrait of the country\\\". The writing strategies such as \\\"artificial plotting\\\", \\\"hyperbolic, facetious or overemphatic tone\\\", and \\\"flat characterization\\\" are also criticized. Even though both Chinese and English reviewers share the similarity of criticism, Chinese critics are way more than English critics.","parent_id":"88b5386f7093bb5242a9","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"3c246c5f7b08ce01aee3:0","document_content":"# A Day on Skates\n***A Day on Skates: The Story of a Dutch Picnic*** is a children\\'s novel by Hilda van Stockum. The novel, illustrated by the author, was first published in 1934 and was a Newbery Honor recipient in 1935. The foreword is by Edna St.\u00a0Vincent Millay.\nWhen winter finally brings snow and ice to their Frisian village, nine-year-old twins Evert and Afke and their classmates are delighted when their teacher announces that the class is going on an all-day ice skating picnic.\nA public domain online edition of *A Day on Skates: The Story of a Dutch Picnic*, a 1935 Newbery Honor Book, is available at A Celebration of Women Writers.\n- *Hans Brinker, or The Silver Skates*","parent_id":"3c246c5f7b08ce01aee3","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"390f9d53106772174bfd:0","document_content":"# En Iniya Iyanthira\n***En Iniya Iyanthira*** () is a Tamil dystopian science fiction novel written by Indian writer Sujatha. In the late 1980s Sujatha wrote this novel as a series in the popular Tamil magazine *Dinamani kathir*. Following the success of *En Iniya Enthira*, Sujatha wrote a follow-up\/sequel to this novel, *Meendum Jeano* (English: The Return of Jeano). The novel was made into a serial and released on Doordarshan in 1991. The main antagonist Jeeva was played by veteran actor Charu Haasan, Nila by Sivaranjini, Sibi by Shiva and Ravi by Anand.\nThe story of the *En iniya Enthira* revolves around a dictator who rules India and 3 rebels organising a coup against him including a girl named Nila and a robot dog named Jeeno. The film *Enthiran* starring Rajinikanth is slightly based on this novel.\nThe plot opens up in the year 2021 where India is ruled by a dictator called Jeeva. In his rule, the population is kept under control by killing elderly people when they cross the prescribed age limit. Everyone is allotted a unique name with two letters by Government. Every citizen of the country must strictly adhere to the rules of Jeeva and admire, adore him. The country is in total control of Jeeva\\'s robots. People are identified only with their social security numbers and all the details are fed and controlled by Master Computer at Capital City.\nOn a New Year\\'s Eve, Nila, a homemaker is very delighted for having the Government\\'s permission letter to have a boy baby from Population Control Board. She intimates the news to her husband Sibi. While Government, allots a home space of Nila\\'s residence for a man named Ravi and his pet Jeano. Jeano is a Robotic pet which can speak. As per the government\\'s rule, home space should not be allotted to more than three people. So Nila\\'s husband leaves to verify about Ravi\\'s allotment but does not return home. Nila, tries to find him but in vain, she uses his social security number but finds that such a person does not exist.","parent_id":"390f9d53106772174bfd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"390f9d53106772174bfd:1","document_content":"# En Iniya Iyanthira\nWhat happened to Sibi? What is the role of Ravi in Sibi\\'s disappearance? How Nila finds her husband and a shocking truth about Jeeva and his dictatorship with the help of Jeano?\nThe rest of story moves with the answers to these questions.\n`Name\u00a0`\n`Characters`\n`Sibi\u00a0`\n`Nila's\u00a0husband`\n`Nila\u00a0`\n`Sibi's\u00a0wife`\n`Jiva\u00a0`\n`King`\n`Jino\u00a0`\n`The\u00a0Robot\u00a0Dog`\n`Ravi\u00a0`\n`Jino's\u00a0owner`\nMano\n`\u00a0Ravi's\u00a0friend`\nVery high tech computer technology terms are used in the story. Jeano, a pet robot plays an important role throughout the story. As the story proceeds, it behaves and starts to think on its own like a human and instructs Nila, a human being to proceed further. The writer\\'s perspective of a future India interests readers and paves a new way to science fiction.\n- Indian science-fiction films","parent_id":"390f9d53106772174bfd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"9d75ee07ea84a2f2a1e4:0","document_content":"# Bill's New Frock\n***Bill\\'s New Frock*** is a fiction book for younger readers, written by Anne Fine and illustrated by Philippe Dupasquier. First published in 1989, and reissued in 2002, it concerns a young boy, Bill Simpson, who wakes up one morning to find he has transformed into a girl. Now forced to go to school in a pink dress, Bill discovers one of the worst days in his life is about to unfold. Baffled by the way things are just different for girls, Bill falls headlong into trouble. The book was adapted into a television special, which first aired on 6 June 1998.\nThe book has been used in United Kingdom schools to challenge gender stereotyping among primary school students. A 2002 study by the Social Science Research Unit, University of London, found evidence of children considering 'the different treatment that boys and girls receive', after reading the book.\nIn 1989, *Bills New Frock* was awarded a Nestl\u00e9 Smarties Book Prize in the 6 to 8 years category.","parent_id":"9d75ee07ea84a2f2a1e4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6bb020c8e251c0167a69:0","document_content":"# Threepenny Novel\n***Threepenny Novel*** () is a 1934 novel by the German dramatist and poet Bertolt Brecht, first published in Amsterdam by in 1934 as **\\', and now as**\\'. It is similar in structure to his more famous *The Threepenny Opera* and features several of the same characters such as Macheath, together with a general anti-capitalist focus and a didactic technique that is often associated with the dramatist. It is a novel that has been the focus of much critical attention and that is often described as both a continuation and a variation of the themes and motifs of Brecht\\'s other work that focuses on alienation and on the communication of a social message. It can be seen alternatively as a careful development of the detective novel genre and as scathing criticism of the Brecht\\'s own social conditions and the economic practices of German businesses and banks in the middle of the 20th century.","parent_id":"6bb020c8e251c0167a69","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6bb020c8e251c0167a69:1","document_content":"# Threepenny Novel\nIn particular, it can be seen to have a peculiar relationship to history. According to Brecht\\'s friend and intellectual confidant, Walter Benjamin, the novel is one that contains several different strands of history that do not directly match up. In the novel, Benjamin observes that \\\"Brecht draws epochs together and billets his gangster type in London that has the rhythm and appearance of the age of Dickens. Private life is subject to the earlier conditions; the class struggle, to those of today. These Londoners have no telephones but their police already have tanks.\\\" This aspect of the novel has drawn much critical attention and has helped to make sure that it is considered to be one of Brecht\\'s most famous and important works of prose.\nThe novel is set in London at the turn of the 20th century and its plot focuses on the machinations and developments of finance capital, something that is often considered to be unusual for Brecht as his work is traditionally viewed as being based more concerned with conditions of industrial production. The plot is organised around the activities of three different financial consortiums which are taking place in London. Three central characters each take their place with their own strand of the capitalist economy in order to shows ways in which this economy can be seen to effect each individual person in complex and often unpredictable ways. A character named Peachum maintains a syndicate of street beggars whom he ruthlessly exploits, a character named Coax attempts to invest in a commercial shipping venture and Macheath, a gangster, the origin of the song \\\"Mack the Knife\\\", maintains a commercial venture. Macheath is presented in the novel as someone who has left behind his previous life as a cut-throat gangster and instead is now attempting to make serious progress in business by engaging in direct competition and attempting to absorb and defeat his competitors in a commercial sense. As well as depicting Macheath\\'s rise to power, the novel also focuses on the ways in which Macheath is able to court Polly, the daughter of a rich individual known as Peachum. Brecht employs a series of complex plot twists and turns in order to demonstrate Macheath\\'s legitimate rise to power and to show the way in which he is able to do this often with legal sanction. The novel ends with Macheath as someone who restructures his business, takes over his competitors and eventually becomes the head of a large and important bank.","parent_id":"6bb020c8e251c0167a69","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6bb020c8e251c0167a69:2","document_content":"# Threepenny Novel\nThe novel is intended as a critique of finance capital and of a society that encourages sociopathic behaviour in order to achieve success. It is known that Brecht directly based his understanding of Macheath\\'s own business strategies on the contemporary corporate strategies, especially modelling it on those pioneered by major German stores and supermarkets such as Karstadt and . As such, the novel is set both between London at the end of the 19th century and Brecht\\'s contemporary Germany. Several details in the novel can be seen to represent a satire of these conditions. Notably several characters die in horrific ways as a result of overwork necessitated by the system. At the same time, the world is shown to be one that encourages conflict and that actively translates the most gangsterish impulses into the sphere of bureaucracy into an acceptable mode for the modern world. Throughout the work, Brecht is keen to draw attention to the fact that the brutality and criminality of earlier modes of society have not been overcome in this process. At one key point in the novel this is shown as Macheath reminisces nostalgically about his previous life as a gangster and states that he wishes that he could return to these conditions in which conflict and violence could be carried out openly instead of being hidden behind bureaucracy.","parent_id":"6bb020c8e251c0167a69","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6bb020c8e251c0167a69:3","document_content":"# Threepenny Novel\nThe novel also shows that the legal system and the courts are weighted in favour of capitalist conditions and provides a criticism of the morality that this leads to. In particular, in several key ways the novel mimics the structure of a detective novel, however it does so in order to satirise the fact that within a capitalist economy it is almost impossible to find an individual who is not guilty, in some way or other, of contributing towards the continued exploitation of individuals. In one scene, a hypothetical trial is suggested in which all the dead would come forward and present their experience of exploitation in order to fully understand which historical individuals are guilty of exploitation. This dream clearly demonstrates the absurdity of the world as it exists and the near impossibility of attaining justice through conventional means in the world of capitalism.\nThe novel is one of the most obviously Marxist of Brecht\\'s work, and indeed can be seen to quote directly from Marx\\'s *Das Kapital* at several key points, even at one point directly reproducing a passage detailing the working to death of a 19th-century woman that appears in the chapter of *Das Kapital* detailing the working day. In particular, Brecht can be seen to employ a Marxist understanding of the way in which labour time is employed by capitalism in order to make sure that the most possible amount of profit is made in every possible instance. This involves directly ignoring the needs and desires of those who work within it and aggressively subsuming human individuals within their simple capacity to be laborers rather than people. This is made clear throughout the novel via the introduction of a specifically Marxist understanding of economics and of Capitalism as a totality in which people do not behave as singular individuals but rather as representatives of economic categories.\nAlthough the *Threepenny Novel* is less famous than Brecht\\'s plays, it is nonetheless considered by many to be a masterful work of satire and to hold an important place in his overall body of work. In particular its critique of capitalist temporality, its use of differing registers and its capacity to translate industrial production into a bureaucratic sphere have recently attracted attention from literary critics and also from critical theorists. Historically the novel can be seen as an important marker of Brecht\\'s friendship with Walter Benjamin, whose review of the novel contains early formulations of his own theories of history and of a Marxist understanding of aesthetics.","parent_id":"6bb020c8e251c0167a69","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"db8b1638b2f7939965b5:0","document_content":"# Daylight Robbery (novel)\n***Daylight Robbery*** is a thriller novel written by Surender Mohan Pathak, a Hindi writer from Delhi, India.Originally published in 1980 by Shanu Paperbacks, it was translated into English by Sudarshan Purohit and published by Blaft Publications, Chennai, India in 2010.\nIt is the 8th novel in the *Vimal* series, and revolves around the robbery of a payroll van in Agra. The novel is unique in the sense that this is the first time Vimal engages in a crime for his own personal benefit (till now all he did was under threat of other hard-core criminals). Dawarkanath, an aged gambler from Agra, tells him of a great artist, a plastic surgeon called Dr.\u00a0Earl Slater, who would operate *only* on wanted Indian criminals (for an amazingly high fee, of course). If Vimal (actual name Sardar Surender Singh Sohal), a wanted criminal in several Indian states and NCR, can get a new face, he can live safe from both the law and its breakers. That\\'s what pulls him in Dwarkanath\\'s amazingly inhuman scheme - it would involve crashing the cash-carrying armoured van \\\"like a piano accordion\\\" ! along with the driver and security guard. The officer in charge of Ratanakar Steel Mill, whose weak point is his shamelessly materialistic wife, is blackmailed to give-in a very complicated machination, exploiting his love for gambling. The team somehow pulls off their plan but things (as they always happen to poor Vimal) go wrong - Dwarkanath dies of a heart attack, the young and naive Kooka (another cooperator) loses both money and life, the money goes back to where it belongs and Vimal is left with empty pockets, his dream of a new face shattered and a long dark road full of underworld adventures stretching in front of him.","parent_id":"db8b1638b2f7939965b5","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f1ebb9c4e36933fb782a:0","document_content":"# Goggle-Eyes\n***Goggle-Eyes**\\'\\', or***My War with Goggle-Eyes**\\'\\' in the US, is a children\\'s novel by Anne Fine, published by Hamilton in 1989. It features a girl who thinks she hates her mother\\'s boyfriend. In the frame story, set in a Scottish day school, that girl Kitty tells her friend Helen about hating her mother\\'s boyfriend.\nFine won the annual Carnegie Medal from the Library Association, recognising the year\\'s best children\\'s book by a British author. She also won the Guardian Children\\'s Fiction Prize, a similar award that authors may not win twice. Six books have won both awards in 45 years through 2011.\n*Goggle-Eyes* was adapted for television by the BBC in 1993.\nLittle, Brown published a US edition under its Joy Street Books imprint in 1989, entitled *My War with Goggle-Eyes*.\nThe story is told in the first person, by Kitty Killen. It is set in Scotland in the 1980s, when anti-nuclear protests were prominent in the news.\nWhen Helen runs out of the classroom in distress, Mrs Lupey sends Kitty after her, despite the two not being particular friends. Kitty soon realises that Helen dislikes the man her mother is going to marry, so she tells her the story of how she first loathed Gerald, her mother\\'s boyfriend, and how she gradually got used to him, despite his anti-CND views. \\\"Goggle-Eyes\\\"\\' is the nickname Kitty gives Gerald, because of the way he stares (\\\"goggles\\\") at Kitty\\'s mother. The story is told in a cloakroom cupboard during one morning, with occasional interruptions from Liz and Mrs Lupey.","parent_id":"f1ebb9c4e36933fb782a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f1ebb9c4e36933fb782a:1","document_content":"# Goggle-Eyes\n- Kitty Killen, a Scottish schoolgirl, the narrator\n- Rosalind \\\"Rosie\\\" Killen, Kitty\\'s mother, a nurse\n- Judith \\\"Jude\\\" Killen, Kitty\\'s younger sister\n- Gerald \\\"Goggle-Eyes\\\" Faulkner, Rosalind\\'s boyfriend\n- Helen \\\"Helly\\\" Johnston, a classmate of Kitty\\'s\n- Liz, Helen\\'s best friend\n- Mrs Lupey, the form teacher\n- Josie, Beth, Ben and others, CND protesters\n- Inspector McGee, head of the police presence at the protest\n- Mr Killen, Rosalind\\'s ex-husband\n- Mrs Harrison, Kitty\\'s and Jude\\'s babysitter\n- Simon, one of Rosalind\\'s boyfriends\n- Floss, the Killens\\' cat\n*Goggle-Eyes* was awarded the Carnegie Medal for 1989 and the Guardian Prize in 1990, the two most prestigious British awards for children\\'s literature. It was also shortlisted for the Smarties Award in 1990 and the German Youth Literature Prize in 1993.\n*Goggle-Eyes* was adapted for television by the BBC as a four-episode mini-series, which was broadcast in 1993. It starred Honeysuckle Weeks as Kitty. The screenwriter, Deborah Moggach, won the Writer\\'s Guild Award for Best Adapted TV Serial. Anti-nuclear protests had diminished after the 1991 close of the Cold War so the story was revised to feature a more timely issue, Green politics.","parent_id":"f1ebb9c4e36933fb782a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd:0","document_content":"# The Lancashire Witches\nFirst edition title page\n***The Lancashire Witches*** is the only one of William Harrison Ainsworth\\'s forty novels that has remained continuously in print since its first publication. It was serialised in the *Sunday Times* newspaper in 1848; a book edition appeared the following year, published by Henry Colburn. The novel is based on the true story of the Pendle witches, who were executed in 1612 for causing harm by witchcraft. Modern critics such as David Punter consider the book to be Ainsworth\\'s best work. E. F. Bleiler rated the novel as \\\"one of the major English novels about witchcraft\\\".\nThe subject of the Pendle witches was suggested to Ainsworth by antiquarian and long-time friend James Crossley, President of the Chetham Society. During 1846 and 1847 Ainsworth visited all of the major sites involved in the story, such as Pendle Hill and Malkin Tower, home of the Demdikes, one of the two families accused of witchcraft. He wrote the story in 1848, when it was serialised in the *Sunday Times* newspaper. On completion of the work, Ainsworth was paid \u00a31,000 () and the copyright reverted to him.\nAs was common practice at the time, the novel was published in a three-volume set known as a triple decker. The first edition was produced by Henry Colburn in 1849, with the subtitle \\\"A Romance of Pendle Forest\\\". At \u00a31 11s 6d, about the amount that a skilled worker could earn in a week, it was expensive. Routledge published an illustrated edition in 1854, reissued in 1878. The twelve full-page illustrations were by John Gilbert.\nAinsworth based his story largely on the official account of the Lancashire witch trials written by the clerk to the court, Thomas Potts, first published in 1613 under the title *The Wonderfull Discoverie of Witches in the Countie of Lancaster*. Potts himself makes an appearance in the book, as a \\\"scheming and self-serving lawyer\\\". The novel consists of four parts, each written as a third-person narrative.\n\n### Introduction\nThe ten chapters of the Introduction, subtitled \\\"The Last Abbot of Whalley\\\", are set against the backdrop of the 1536 Pilgrimage of Grace, an uprising by northern Catholics against the English Reformation instituted by King Henry VIII.","parent_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd:1","document_content":"# The Lancashire Witches\n### Introduction\nPendle Hill\nIt is late November 1536. Eight men, prominent among them John Paslew, Abbot of Whalley and the self-styled Earl of Poverty, are gathered together by a beacon at the top of Pendle Hill. An uneasy armistice has been declared in the Pilgrimage, and beacons have been built on high ground to act as a renewed summons to arms should they ever be lit; that is the signal the eight men are waiting for.\nAs dusk approaches the abbot and his party become aware of a tall dark man accompanied by a black hound standing close by, whom one of the party recognises as Nicholas Demdike, husband of Bess Demdike, \\\"an approved and notorious witch\\\". Demdike starts to sing, mocking the abbot and foretelling of his execution, which so enrages the abbot that he orders one of his archers to loose a shot at him. But Demdike merely laughs before disappearing down the hill, only pausing about half-way down to trace a circle in the grass and repeat some incantation.\nIn the growing darkness a signal fire is seen on a neighbouring hill, then another and another. Excitedly the abbot lights the beacon on Pendle Hill and prepares to ride to Whalley Abbey, to organise his forces in preparation for joining the main body of the rebel army the following day. But before he can leave, Demdike appears before him, to warn the abbot that if he proceeds with his plan his life will be forfeit. Demdike claims that he can save the abbot however, on one condition: that he baptise Demdike\\'s infant daughter. Meanwhile a party of Royalist soldiers is ascending the hill in search of the abbot and his men, but Demdike conjures up a torrent of water from the spot where he had earlier traced the circle, and most of the soldiers are carried to their deaths. But still the abbot refuses to acquiesce to Demdike\\'s request for his daughter to be baptised.","parent_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd:2","document_content":"# The Lancashire Witches\n### Introduction\n#### Capture and escape\nThe abbot is subsequently captured by Royalist forces, tried at Lancaster Castle, and sentenced to death by hanging. He is condemned to be executed outside his family home of Wishall Hall, close to the abbey, where he is taken the day before the sentence is due to carried out. As the abbot and his guards are entering the abbey he is once again confronted by Nicholas Demdike, this time accompanied by his wife Bess and their unbaptised infant. Demdike repeats his request to the abbot that he baptise the child, promising that if he does so then Demdike can still save him even at this late juncture. But the abbot continues to refuse, saying to Bess \\\"I curse thee witch\u00a0\\... May the malediction of Heaven and all its hosts alight on the head of thy infant\u00a0\\... A thing accursed, and shunned by her fellows, shall thy daughter be\u00a0-- evil reputed and evil doing\\\".\nBorlace Alvetham hearing the abbot\\'s confession\nAfter a specially granted Midnight Mass, the abbot is overcome by remorse for his treatment thirty-one years earlier of a rival for the position of head of the abbey, Borlace Alvetham, and asks that a priest be sent to hear his confession. The abbot confesses that he had contrived to have Alvetham falsely accused of witchcraft and bricked into a tiny cell from which the only escape was death. The priest then throws back his hood to reveal that he is Borlace Alvetham, and that he had succeeded in escaping from his tomb with the aid of a demon. He further reveals that the demon promised him vengeance against his enemy, the abbot, and that when he returned to the area of Whalley twenty-nine years after his escape he had adopted the name of Nicholas Demdike.","parent_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd:3","document_content":"# The Lancashire Witches\n### Introduction\n#### Capture and escape\nFollowing his revelations Demdike rushes out of the room shouting \\\"To the gallows!\u00a0-- to the gallows!\\\", leaving the abbot to his own thoughts. He is roused when Hal o\\' Nabs, one of a group of men intent on rescuing the abbot, places a hand on his shoulder. But the abbot has given his word to his captors not to escape in return for being allowed to celebrate the Midnight Mass, and so refuses to follow the man down the ladder by which he had ascended. He is nevertheless tricked into escaping, and taken to the abbey mill. Inside he finds the miller\\'s wife with an infant on her knee. She explains that the child is not hers, but was brought to her by her husband following the death of Bess Demdike that afternoon, so distraught was she at the abbot\\'s curse. She shows the disfigured child to the abbot; one of its eyes is set lower than the other.\n\n#### Execution\nThe abbot is quickly recaptured, thanks largely to Demdike. Shortly before the time for the death sentence to be carried out the following morning, the appointed executioner and his assistants disappear, because, it is suggested, they are reluctant to put churchmen to death. Demdike offers to take the executioner\\'s place, and his offer is accepted. Moments before the appointed time, Demdike whispers to the abbot that he can spare him the indignity of a public execution by stabbing him to death if he would but retract the curse he had put on his daughter. The abbot\\'s response is \\\"Never\u00a0\\... thy child shall be a witch, and the mother of witches\\\". Following his execution the abbot\\'s body is entrusted to Demdike to be taken to the convent church. One of the abbot\\'s erstwhile rescuers, Hal o\\' Nabs, has been warned that Demdike is impervious to all weapons forged by man, and so to wreak his revenge for the death of the abbot he secretes himself behind a great stone statue of St Gregory in the gallery of the church, waiting for Demdike to appear below it. When he does, Hal pushes the statue from its pedestal and it falls on Demdike, crushing him and killing him instantly.","parent_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd:4","document_content":"# The Lancashire Witches\n### Book The First\nAlizon Device being dressed for her appearance as the Queen of May, while her sister Jennet looks on\nIn the ten chapters of the first book, subtitled \\\"Alizon Device\\\", the novel has moved on more than sixty years.\nThe village of Whalley has been decorated for a May Day wake. In a cottage on the outskirts of the village, Alizon Device is being dressed as Maid Marion, Queen of May, ready to take her place of honour in the pageant which will soon be arriving at her door. She is a beautiful young woman, in stark contrast to her little sister Jennet, nine or ten years old, who is watching the preparations in a sullen silence. Jennet is small for her age, with sharp and cunning features. She also has several deformities, including a curvature of the spine and eyes that are positioned unevenly on her face. The two sisters are grandchildren of Nicholas and Bess Demdike\\'s unbaptised child, now known as Mother Demdike. In the intervening years since the Abbot of Whalley\\'s curse she has indeed become a witch, feared throughout the district.","parent_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd:5","document_content":"# The Lancashire Witches\n### Book The First\nAs the procession reaches the village green the usher announces the arrival of Sir Ralph Assheton and his party. He is the great-grandson of the Richard Assheton who had led the group of men up Pendle Hill to apprehend the Abbot of Whalley, and almost been killed by the torrent of water conjured up by Nicholas Demdike. Fourteen years after that November evening he had bought Whalley Abbey from the Crown. Among Assheton\\'s party are two of his cousins, Nicholas Assheton of Downham and Richard Assheton of Middleton. Richard, accompanied by his younger sister Dorothy, is about twenty-two years old and considered to be very handsome. Also among Sir Ralph\\'s guests are Alice Nutter and local magistrate Roger Nowell. Alice Nutter is dressed in mourning clothes for her husband Richard, who had been suddenly taken ill and died an unexplained death within three or four days. Richard Nutter was convinced that he had been bewitched, and some locals believed that Alice had picked up a wax image in her husband\\'s room, stuck with pins, and that when she had thrown it on the fire Richard had died. Alice has been persuaded from her secluded life at Rough Lee because she wishes to secure the help of Sir Ralph in a dispute she is having with her neighbour Roger Nowell over the boundary between their two estates. Sir Ralph, having been appointed umpire in the dispute, has already ruled in favour of Nowell, but as Alice has refused to accept his decision a lawyer has been summoned from London to give a final decision, Thomas Potts, who is also at the fair. Potts is also acting for another member of the local gentry, Sir Thomas Metcalfe, \\\"a man of violent disposition\\\", who is claiming ownership of a neighbouring house and estate.","parent_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd:6","document_content":"# The Lancashire Witches\n### Book The First\nAlizon is formally presented to Sir Ralph and Lady Assheton, and asked to choose her partner for the evening\\'s dance to be held at the abbey. Blushing, she chooses Richard Assheton, who declares himself to be delighted by her choice, and asks if he may have the flower she is wearing as a token. Lady Assheton is quick to spot the mutual attraction between Alizon and Richard, which makes her a little uneasy. But the usher then leads Alizon to the maypole, where the festivities begin in earnest. Shortly thereafter Alizon becomes aware of a commotion some distance away, and on hearing that it is being caused by a swordfight between Richard and Sir Thomas Metcalfe, and fearful that Richard might be killed, she falls to the ground in a faint. But Richard is easily able to disarm his opponent, and, on the orders of Sir Ralph, Alizon is taken to the abbey to recover.\nMeanwhile Alice Nutter and Nicholas have fallen into conversation about Mother Demdike. Nicholas is quite convinced that she is responsible for the death of Alice\\'s husband, but Alice disagrees, and goes so far as to say that she does not believe in the existence of witches. Nicholas is adamant however, claiming that \\\"Pendle Forest swarms with witches\u00a0\\... the terror of the whole country\\\". Their conversation is overheard by Thomas Potts, and it gives him the idea to search out the witches that Nicholas refers to, and by so doing gain favour with King James, who is well known to have an interest in witchcraft.\n\n#### Mother Chattox\nMother Chattox and her daughter Nan Redferne\nThe revellers make their way to the church. Richard Assheton goes in first, and unwittingly stands on the grave of John Paslew, the last Abbot of Whalley. His cousin Nicholas is much alarmed when he sees Richard in that position, reminding him of the common belief that any Assheton who stands on the grave will be dead within the year, but Richard is unconcerned.","parent_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd:7","document_content":"# The Lancashire Witches\n### Book The First\n#### Mother Chattox\nNicholas and Richard leave the church, and see the arrival of Mother Chattox\u00a0-- Mother Demdike\\'s \\\"rival potentate in evil\\\"\u00a0-- accompanied by her grand-daughter Nan Redferne. Under questioning from Nicholas, Mother Chattox admits that she hates all Asshetons. She places curses on both Nicholas and Richard, in the latter\\'s case that \\\"the bloom shall shall fade from his cheek\u00a0 \\... the strength depart from his limbs. Sorrow shall be her portion who loves him\\\".\nUnnerved by this encounter, Nicholas calls for the beagle to arrest Mother Chattox as a witch, but she has disappeared, and Nan is arrested instead, on the same charge. Potts appears on the scene, and insists that Nan be detained until she has been tested as a witch. She is placed on a set of scales and weighed against a bible, but not satisfied with the result Potts insists on an ordeal by swimming. While she is being bound for her ordeal a mole is discovered on her breast, a witch\\'s mark according to Potts. Nance is thrown into the River Calder attached to two ropes, one on each bank. Initially she floats, but when the tension is eased out of the ropes she sinks to the bottom of the river like a stone, thus passing the test. But nobody attempts to save her from drowning until Richard Assheton dives in and rescues her.","parent_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd:8","document_content":"# The Lancashire Witches\n### Book The First\n#### Mother Chattox\nSome time later Alizon Device and Richard Assheton\\'s sister Dorothy are strolling together through the grounds of the ruined abbey. Dorothy declares that she is so fond of Alizon that she would like her to come and stay with the Assheton family at their home in Middleton, but Alizon says that she must turn down the offer, as she feels a responsibility towards her mother and sister to encourage them back into the ways of the church. She goes on to say that she feels a particular responsibility towards her sister Jennet, and fervently hopes to be the agent of her salvation and save her soul. Dorothy then shares her fear that because Mother Demdike is widely believed to be a witch, the same accusation might be made about the members of her family, and that Alizon may suffer the same fate as Nan Redferne. She goes on to say that as Alizon is so different from the rest of her family that she and Richard both suspect that Alizon is not Elizabeth Device\\'s daughter, or related to any of the Demdike clan.\nJust then Mother Chattox appears in front of the two young women and proclaims herself the enemy of all of Mother Demdike\\'s \\\"accursed brood\\\". Chattox says that because of Jem Device\\'s treatment of her grand-daughter Nan Redferne during the trial by water she would have killed Alizon on the spot, had she not known that Alizon was indeed not Elizabeth Device\\'s daughter and therefore not a Demdike. Although Chattox claims to know the secret of Alizon\\'s birth, she says the time is not yet ripe for it to be revealed. Alice Nutter appears on the scene, demanding to know what Chattox has told the two girls. Chattox is evasive, but Alice is insistent that she reveals the identity of Alizon\\'s real mother and casts a spell over her. Alice clearly has considerable power over Chattox, but the latter manages to shuffle off behind a tomb before she is forced to reveal her secret.","parent_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd:9","document_content":"# The Lancashire Witches\n### Book The First\n#### Mother Chattox\nAfter returning to the abbey Dorothy reveals to her brother, who has guessed that Alizon is not Elizabeth Device\\'s daughter, her surmise that Alizon is in reality Alice Nutter\\'s daughter. Nicholas Assheton then joins them, telling them that Potts has just told him that he suspects Alice of being a witch after overhearing a conversation she had had with Elizabeth Device.\n\n#### Alice Nutter\nMeanwhile Alice Nutter has taken Alizon to her room in the abbey, so that they can have a private conversation. Alice reveals that she and her husband Richard had a very unhappy marriage, and that he had become exceedingly jealous, suspecting that Alice was having an affair with a family friend. Consequently, when Alice became pregnant Richard was convinced that the child was not his. Elizabeth Device, who at the time was employed as Alice\\'s lady\\'s maid, had given birth to her own child two months before Alice\\'s daughter, whom she named Millicent. One night shortly after Millicent\\'s birth Richard Nutter and Jem Device had burst into Alice\\'s bedroom, grabbed the baby and thrown it on the fire. But the child they had killed was Elizabeth\\'s, and not Alice\\'s, as Elizabeth had swapped the babies over. Millicent is sent to live with Elizabeth Device as her own child, and given the name Alizon.\nAlice tells Alizon that she will be coming to stay with her at Rough Lee, and will not be returning to what until now had been her home with Elizabeth Device. By now it has become dark. Swiftly, Alice rises and makes a few passes of her hands over her daughter, at which Alizon falls back as though in a faint, yet still remains conscious. She becomes aware of the tall dark figure of a man emerging from the closet; the last thing she sees before losing consciousness is Alice prostrating herself before the sinister-looking figure.","parent_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd:10","document_content":"# The Lancashire Witches\n### Book The First\n#### Alice Nutter\nJust before the evening\\'s dance is due to begin, Alice and Alizon join the main party in the abbey\\'s gallery. Alice announces that she intends to adopt Alizon, having no children of her own. Keen to bring as many witches as possible to justice, Thomas Potts seeks out Jennet Device and promises her that she can make her fortune from the reward she will receive if she testifies against the other members of her family, including Alizon, and denounces them as witches. But before Jennet can give a proper reply Alice Nutter casts a spell over her, and she falls back faint.\n\n#### Witches\\' Sabbath\nDorothy Assheton\\'s room, known as the Abbot\\'s Chamber, is next to that of Alizon and her mother. Having heard tales of ghostly apparitions, Dorothy is afraid to spend the night alone in her room, and begs Alizon to sleep with her, but Alizon dare not leave her mother. After a short time Alizon hears a tapping at her door. It is a white-faced Dorothy, who has been terrified by the sight of a monk dressed in white emerging from behind the wall hangings and gliding into the oratory. Alice tells Dorothy that she must be mistaken, and to return to bed. But as the clock strikes twelve Dorothy sees another figure behind the hangings, this time a woman dressed in white, and once again seeks refuge in the room next door. Entering without knocking, she finds the room in darkness and Alizon asleep in a chair, but no sign of Alice until the same figure of the woman dressed in white she had seen in her own room appears from behind a tapestry. Alice\\'s \\\"livid and contorted countenance\\\" horrifies Dorothy, who manages to hide in a closet.","parent_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd:11","document_content":"# The Lancashire Witches\n### Book The First\n#### Witches\\' Sabbath\nAlice takes two bottles from a small box she is carrying. One contains a sparkling liquid, the other a greenish unguent. She drinks a few drops of the bright liquid before anointing her face and hands with the unguent, chanting \\\"Emen hetan\\\" repeatedly as she does so, before leaving the room. Curious about the liquid she had seen Alice take, Dorothy tries a few drops herself, and is instantly overcome by a \\\"bewildering excitement\\\". Having felt the effect of the potion herself, and wondering if it might have the power to rouse Alizon from her sleep, she rubs a few drops on Alizon\\'s lips. Almost at once Alizon awakes, almost as excited as Dorothy. Together the pair make their way down to the garden and towards the ruined conventual church. When the girls get close to the church they hear the hubbub of a witches\\' Sabbath, and hiding behind two columns to observe proceedings they learn that tonight a new witch is to be introduced into the group.\nAlice Nutter appears to be in charge of proceedings, and is treated with great deference by the other witches present. The voice of a demon is heard as if coming from the bowels of the earth, demanding that if they want his help then the price to be paid is that a new witch is baptised. At that, Jennet Device is brought forward, but her mother Elizabeth rushes forward and strongly objects that Jennet is too young to be baptised a witch. Ignoring her mother, Jennet asks what she must do to become a witch. \\\"You must renounce all hopes of heaven\u00a0\\... and devote yourself to Satan\\\" replies Alice Nutter. On hearing those words Alizon rushes from her hiding place and goes to Jennet, asking the child to leave with her and be saved. But the demon insists on having a new convert, so Alice calls for Dorothy Assheton, who, still under the influence of the potion she had taken earlier, scarcely knows what is happening to her. Alice asks her if she is willing to become a witch, and Dorothy agrees that she is. But before the formal ceremony can be performed Alizon rushes to her, and forcing her to her knees begins to pray. With that, the witches flee.\n\n### Book The Second\nThe second book, subtitled \\\"Pendle Forest\\\", consists of 17 chapters.","parent_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd:12","document_content":"# The Lancashire Witches\n### Book The Second\nThere is no sign of the events of the previous evening when the party assembles to visit the boundary between the estates belonging to Alice Nutter and Roger Newell to settle their dispute. They take a detour on their way to pick up Roger Nowell, which results in them having to pass through a narrow glen, where they are attacked by invisible foes. Pressing on, they reach the village of Sabden, which they find to be in a woeful state. The villagers complain that they have been bewitched by Mother Chattox and Mother Demdike because they had refused to supply the witches with poultry, eggs, milk and other things they had demanded. Taking a great interest in the case, Thomas Potts promises the villagers that they will soon be rid of \\\"these pestilent witches\\\".\nContinuing on their way, the party is joined by a man riding a powerful black horse. Much to their surprise he looks and sounds exactly like the lawyer Thomas Potts. He introduces himself as one of the reeves of the forest of Blackburnshire, sent by Alice Nutter as a witness to the boundary examination. To add to their amazement he says that his name is also Thomas Potts. After passing over one of the ridges of Pendle Hill they encounter an agitated cowherd, who tells them that a pedlar named John Law has collapsed in a fit and will die without their assistance. From the look of the pedlar, Nicholas Assheton believes him to have suffered from a paralytic stroke, but the man himself is convinced that he has been bewitched by Mother Demdike, because he had refused to give her the scissors and pins she had asked him for. After taking Law to a hostelry in the nearby village of Goldshaw, the party rests for a while and takes some refreshment.\nWandering around the village alone, Richard enters the churchyard and sees the sexton in conversation with Mother Chattox. He overhears Chattox ordering the sexton to bury a clay image of Alizon Device with the words \\\"Bury it deep, and as it moulders away, may she it represents pine and wither\\\". Richard rushes forward and seizes the image, throwing it to the ground and smashing it, but Chattox succeeds in making good her escape before he can apprehend her.","parent_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd:13","document_content":"# The Lancashire Witches\n### Boundary inspection\nPressing on, the party arrive at the boundary of Roger Nowell\\'s estate. He is armed with his own map while Sir Ralph Assheton has one provided by Alice Nutter. To Nowell\\'s increasing frustration, several large boulders and a stream marking the extremities of his property are not where he knows them to be, and as there are no signs of them having been moved he voices his suspicion that Alice Nutter has used witchcraft to win her boundary dispute with him.\nEncouraged by Thomas Potts, Nowell determines to arrest Alice Nutter and the other alleged witches in the area\u00a0-- Mother Demdike and Mother Chattox along with their families. Richard and Nicholas Assheton baulk at Nowell\\'s accusation of witchcraft against Alice Nutter, as it seems to them to be based on Nowell\\'s bad grace in not accepting the evidence of his own eyes in his dispute with her. Consequently they leave the group and ride ahead to Alice Nutter\\'s home in Rough Lee to warn her and to help defend her against Nowell and his remaining men. When Nowell arrives at Rough Lee he finds Alice Nutter in defiant mood and the gates to her property locked. She refuses to allow the men to enter, so some of them climb over the wall, only to find themselves attacked by her dogs. They beat a hasty retreat, before Alice Nutter appears at the gate and proposes that she and Roger Nowell have a private meeting to see if they can come to a mutual understanding. Nowell agrees, and Alice leads him to a small room off the main hall of the house.\nOnce they are alone, Alice demands that Nowell retract his accusation of witchcraft against her and tells Sir Ralph Assheton that he was mistaken about the boundary between their land, in return for which she offers to give the disputed land to Nowell without charge. Suspecting some kind of trickery, Nowell at first does not agree. Alice then conjures up a double of the magistrate, telling him that if he persists then she will have him incarcerated for the rest of his life, and send the double out in his place. Realising now that he has no choice, Nowell agrees to Alice\\'s terms, to which she binds him by making him repeat the words \\\"May I become subject to the Fiend if I fail in my promise\\\".","parent_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd:14","document_content":"# The Lancashire Witches\n### Book The Third\nSubtitled \\\"Hoghton Tower\\\".","parent_id":"85ed4026b707371768fd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"ea04600dbe243e742b35:0","document_content":"# Heavenly Breakfast\n***Heavenly Breakfast: An Essay on the Winter of Love*** is a 1979 memoir by author, professor, and critic Samuel R. Delany. It details the time he spent living in a commune in New York City during the winter of 1967-1968, although altering some details.\nHeavenly Breakfast was also the name of the rock band that lived in the commune, which consisted of Steve Wiseman, Susan Schweers, Bert Lee (later of the Central Park Sheiks), and Delany.\nThe book is one of several autobiographical works by Delany.","parent_id":"ea04600dbe243e742b35","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"3ec57cd26259a296fc09:0","document_content":"# \u00dcmera j\u00f5el\n***\u00dcmera j\u00f5el*** (English: *On the \u00dcmera River*)is a novel by Estonian author Mait Metsanurk, set the fictional parish of M\u00e4giste located in South Estonia in the early 13th century. It was first published in 1934.\n- Battle of \u00dcmera","parent_id":"3ec57cd26259a296fc09","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2b7d7db68e801623765d:0","document_content":"# Aranyak\n***Aranyak*** (; ) composed between 1937 and 1939 and published in 1976, is a Bengali-language novel by Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay, based on his long and arduous years in northern Bihar, mainly in the districts of Purnea and Bhagalpur. Aranyak literally means \\\"Of the Forest\\\". The novel explores the journey of the protagonist, Satyacharan, through the contrasts of the jungle and the city.\nBibhutibhushan went to places like Azamabad\u00a0--- Fulkia\u00a0--- Lobtulia\u00a0--- Baihar in the state of Bihar during the period of 1924--1930. In these 6 years he worked for the Estate of Khilat Chandra Ghosh to reform lands by deforestation and provide the inhabitants some land for their settlement. During this period he became highly influenced by the natural beauty and the lives of dispossessed subsistence peasants, penurious Brahmins, migrant landless laborers and adivasis and this provides the impetus to compose this classic novel. On 12 February 1928 he wrote in his personal diary (Smritir Lekha) : *I shall write something about the lives around this jungle. A portrait of a tough courageous, speedy, neglected life. This jungle it\\'s loneliness getting lost while riding a horse\u00a0--- darkness\u00a0--- to live in this jungle building temporary thatch settlements\\... The poverty, simplicity of these people, this Virile, Active life, the picture of this dense forest in the pitch darkness of this evening\u00a0--- all of this.* (Bibhutibhushan Rachanasamagra 1, page 417). In his unpublished personal diary he had further written in 1934 - *A novel on forests. It will have the stories of loneliness, stories of trees and plants\\... In this novel I shall bring out the dichotomy between the rich, wealthy landlords and the poor, sad peasants. They are homeless\\... They don\\'t get to eat.*","parent_id":"2b7d7db68e801623765d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2b7d7db68e801623765d:1","document_content":"# Aranyak\n*Aranyak* used to be published serially in a monthly magazine titled *Prabasi*. It was first published as a book by Katyayani Book Stall. Presently the edition available is the one published by Mitra & Ghosh Publishers Pvt. Ltd.\u00a0This book was dedicated to Bibhutibhushan\\'s first wife Gauri Devi.\n*Aranyak* is a simple and uncomplicated story. The protagonist Satyacharan goes to an estate, full of forest land, in Bhagalpur district in Bihar after getting a job of the estate manager. Initially his urban lifestyle revolts against the lonely jungle life but gradually nature hypnotized Satyacharan. Eventually he can not even remain away from the forest and its serene surroundings for long periods. Satyacharan and his partner Jugalprasad, a perfect match to the nature-loving soul of Satyacharan decorated the forest by planting many rare species of herbs and saplings. But Satyacharan is an estate manager and his job was to reclaim the forest land and distribute to the people for more revenue earnings. He has no other way but to destroy this wonderful creation of the forest-Goddess against his own will and distribute it amongst the local people. Age old gigantic trees as well as plants and herbs of rare species are being destroyed to make way for human encroachment. The novel ends with a deep feeling of guilt and sadness in Satyacharan.","parent_id":"2b7d7db68e801623765d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2b7d7db68e801623765d:2","document_content":"# Aranyak\n### Satyacharan\nThe novel \\\"Aranyak\\\" is written in first person. The protagonist of the novel is Satyacharan\u00a0--- a young man who has had to travel out of Kolkata in search of a job. He is the sole bridge that connects the forest with the so-called civilized outer world. The unsaid comparison between the two worlds that is hidden almost everywhere in the novel, would have never been possible without the presence of this character. Satyacharan is one of the most important characters in this novel. However, it will be a grave mistake to think of him as the central character of this novel. He is an outsider- who has no connection with the forest or the forest people. He is a mere audience of the daily mystery drama that is played in the stage of the jungle every day. He can only witness the acting in this beautiful drama from outside, he does not have the capability to go up onto the stage and take part in that drama.\nBasically there is no central character in the novel \\\"Aranyak\\\". The forest itself is the central character\u00a0--- which introduces itself through the beauty of the forest and the lives of the forest people at every point. Satyacharan stands outside of all of this. Through his sharp intellect and intense feelings he can understand and enjoy whatever he watches, but he can not engross himself into any of it. Because he does not belong to the forest, he is an outsider.\n\n### Raju Pnaare\nThere are many different characters in the forest but none like Raju Pnaare. Extremely poor, very harmless, shy, religious man\u00a0--- who spends the entire day in worship, reading holy books etc. He got two bighas of land courtesy of Satyacharan but could not deforest it in two years time\u00a0--- he had to lead his life eating grains of Chinese grass only. Satyacharan gave him some more land but his habit did not change. Actually Raju was more of a poetic and philosophical nature than that of a financial nature.","parent_id":"2b7d7db68e801623765d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2b7d7db68e801623765d:3","document_content":"# Aranyak\n### Aditya Narayan Dash\nWhen a short boy named Dhaturia came to perform dance here his age was not more than twelve or thirteen. In the Southern parts there was a famine due to drought, hence the people of those lands went out to perform dances. Dhaturia came along with such a party\u00a0--- he was only paid with meals, that too only as meager as Chinese grass grains with salt, and at most some jungle vegetables.\n\n### Dhaotal Sahu\nDhaotal Sahu lives in the village of Naogachia; his occupation is to lend money on interest. We mostly think of interest earning money lenders as very bad people. But Dhaotal Sahu is not like them, he is in fact quite the opposite\u00a0--- greed-less kind soul.\nEveryone around the forest knows him; inhabitants, businessmen, landlord, almost everyone transacts with him\u00a0--- there is no estimation of his wealth. But he is a very simple and ego less person, who does not have any issue with wearing dusty clothes and having a meal of simple sattu beside a stub or by the street.\n\n### Matuknath Pnaare\nMatuknath Pnaare is a descendant of an educated Brahmin family, who used to teach in a tol or a small primary school in his village. Once the school closed down, he wandered in search of a job and landed in the office of Satyacharan one day. He thinks\u00a0--- if the manager favors him then there would be an opportunity of earning. There could be no arrangements made for him in the office as he knew nothing about the work, but he stayed there for a few days. Satyacharan also did not object in that, because may be he liked this simple, almost callous ever happy man somewhat.\n\n### Jugalprasad\nJugalprasad is one of the mystic characters of the novel. He is an ardent lover of Nature. He has a goal of beautifying the forest until his death. He had collected ornamental plants likes-Rangon, Baganbilash from Kalkata city to plant. Also collect water-lilies to beautify the forest.","parent_id":"2b7d7db68e801623765d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2b7d7db68e801623765d:4","document_content":"# Aranyak\n### Kunta\nKunta is a holly sati as drawn by the author. She was daughter of a Baiji. But later she was married by a Rajput. Soon after her marriage she lost her husband. She was then captured by Rasbihari Singh, who wanted to marry her. Kunta escaped from Rasbihari\\'s hand and started life in great hardship. Later she was graced by Satya and got some land in free. At the end of the story, she was found crying as Satya left for ever.\n\n### Venkateshwar Prasad\nVenkateswar was a local poet and lived with his wife at the vicinity of the forest. Once he invited Satya to listen his poems. Though Satya did not enjoy the poems, still he pressed Venkateswar for his hearty effort.\n\n### Manchi\nManchi is a young Gangota (aq tribe caste) girl, unfortunately married to an old Sardar, Naxedi. She has got a tremendous life in her which attracted Satya. She gossiped with Satya several times and started thinking that Bengali people (Satya) are very good writers. She asked Satya to write about Their fallacy of poverty and untouchability. She had great interest in cheap fancy commodities. One day she was found to be missing. Satya suspected that anyone tempted her by fancy things and took her to tea estate to employ her as a female-labour. Later Naxedi and his first wife along with their daughters (Suratia) got some land from Satya and escaped their vagabond life.","parent_id":"2b7d7db68e801623765d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2b7d7db68e801623765d:5","document_content":"# Aranyak\n### Raja Dobru Panna and Princess Bhanumati\nRaja Doboru Panna is truly a raja (king) of few Santals. He is an old man who lost all of his royal powers after independence. Still his personality takes after a king. Satya pays him a visit and Doboru invites him cardially. After few months of this visit, the news of Doboru\\'s death comes to Satya. Later on, Satya goes to Santal Pargana (residence of Doboru). Jagaru Panna is the son of Doboru who has no such influence on the plot.\nBut Bhanumati, grand daughter of Doboru had a friendly relationship with Satya. At the fag end of the novel, when Satya is about to leave the forest for ever, he goes to visit Bhanumati for the last time. We find much to our exclaim that on his return Satya thinks \\'\\'If I could marry Bhanumati and build a happy nest for us.. Bhanu would speak out of some imaginative giant, and I would be her listener\n\n### Rashbehari Singh\nRasbehari is one of the most cruel zamindars who ruled poor tribes by his weapon and manpower. He has no such clash with Satya though he joins to Chote Singh and Nandlal Ojha Golaoala to drive out the honest manager Satya by influencing higher authority. Even he invites Satya in a ceremony of Holy to show off his power. He once captured Kunta in order to marry her. He can be considered as the perfect villain of the novel.\n\n### Nandalal Ojha\nNandalal Ojha is one of the few bad men in the novel. He knows how to cajole people to his own advantage. Those who does not make him happy becomes his enemy. He is really a dangerous person.","parent_id":"2b7d7db68e801623765d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2b7d7db68e801623765d:6","document_content":"# Aranyak\n### Nandalal Ojha\n*Aranyak* used to be published serially in a monthly magazine titled *Prabasi*. It was first published as a book by Katyayani Book Stall. Presently the edition available is the one published by Mitra & Ghosh Publishers Pvt. Ltd.\u00a0It was first published in May, 1976 and the present paperback classic edition is the 24th print which is dated January, 2010. This edition was edited by Shri Taradas Bandyopadhyay, son of the author.\n*Aranyak* has been translated into Sinhala language by Chintha Lakshmi Sinhaarachchi (\u0da0\u0dd2\u0db1\u0dca\u0dad\u0dcf \u0dbd\u0d9a\u0dca\u200d\u0dc2\u0dca\u0db8\u0dd3 \u0dc3\u0dd2\u0d82\u0dc4\u0d86\u0dbb\u0da0\u0dca\u0da0\u0dd2) as *Aranakata Pem Banda (\u0d85\u0dbb\u0dab\u0d9a\u0da7 \u0db4\u0dd9\u0db8\u0dca \u0db6\u0dd0\u0db3)*. The novel has been translated into English by Rimli Bhattacharya as *Aranyak: Of the Forest* (2002). The book has been translated into English in January 2017 by Lucknow-based Suchismita Banerjee Rai. The English version is published by Kolkata-based Mitra and Ghosh Publishers.","parent_id":"2b7d7db68e801623765d","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"0113c8cc2700303fb87a:0","document_content":"# Adam Buenosayres\n***Adam Buenosayres*** () is a 1948 novel by the Argentine writer Leopoldo Marechal. The story takes place in Buenos Aires in the 1920s, and follows a vanguard writer who goes through a metaphysical struggle during three days. The book is a humorous account of the Martinfierristas movement, which was prominent in Argentine literature in the 1920s.\nJulio Cort\u00e1zar hailed the novel as a major literary event, but otherwise it received limited attention upon the immediate publication. Pedro Orgambide has suggested that this might have been due to Marechal\\'s support for Juan Per\u00f3n, which was controversial at the time. It has since gained status as one of Argentina\\'s most prominent novels. The English translation by Norman Cheadle and Sheila Ethier was longlisted for the 2015 Best Translated Book Award.","parent_id":"0113c8cc2700303fb87a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f22d62b2807f0149d908:0","document_content":"# Debatable Space\n***Debatable Space*** is a 2008 science fiction novel by novelist and screenwriter Philip Palmer.\nThe book alternates between telling the story of the main character, Lena Smith, in the form of a diary and a first-person narrative of events which take place roughly 1000 years from the present day. Each section of the POV narrative bears the name of the character it follows.\nThe book is billed as a space opera.\n- **Lena Smith** - The main character of the novel, former president of humanity and mother of \\'the Cheo\\'.\n- **Flanagan** - Who is, for want of a better word, a pirate.\n- **Peter Smith** aka **The Cheo** (\\\"Chief Executive Officer\\\") - The despotic ruler of the known universe\nIt received mixed reviews, with the *Guardian* describing it as \\\"a debut of rare accomplishment\\\", and *Strange Horizons* describing it as having \\\"a pretty good twisty plot at the core of the novel---but sadly \\... buried underneath layers of cinematic flash-bang frippery and clunky long-winded exposition.\\\" *SF Signal* described it as \\\"not always successful, but \\... definitely a promising start.\\\"","parent_id":"f22d62b2807f0149d908","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8a176e4b6f5cf5b32bf2:0","document_content":"# Richard Yates (novel)\n***Richard Yates*** is an autobiographical novel by Tao Lin, published in 2010.\nHaley Joel Osment and Dakota Fanning (unrelated to their child star namesakes, though they are the same respective ages as the actors were at the time the book was published) are friends who initially met over the internet and converse with each other regularly through Gmail chat. Haley is a 22-year-old author in Manhattan, and Dakota is a 16-year-old high school student in a nearby suburb in New Jersey.\nThe novel\\'s plot is based on Lin\\'s relationship with the poet E. R. Kennedy, whom he dated when he was 22 and Kennedy was 16. In October 2014, Kennedy accused Lin of committing statutory rape over the course of their relationship. Kennedy also accused Lin of instances of emotional abuse, and claimed that Lin based passages in *Richard Yates* on personal email correspondence between the two*.*","parent_id":"8a176e4b6f5cf5b32bf2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8a176e4b6f5cf5b32bf2:1","document_content":"# Richard Yates (novel)\nLin posted a statement on Facebook addressing Kennedy\\'s accusations. He agreed that he had sex with Kennedy, with whom he had been in a long-term relationship, but said that it was \\\"not statutory rape, let alone rape\\\" (as the website *Jezebel* had originally reported before correcting the article), and said he had Kennedy\\'s permission to use their correspondence. He also claimed to have offered Kennedy any royalties from *Yates*, and to request that Melville House withdraw it from circulation.\nBefore writing *Richard Yates*, Lin sold 10 percent shares of its royalties for \\$2000 each. Expressing a desire to focus solely on the book without needing to maintain an income for living expenses, Lin said, \"I actually will work better on my second novel, the way the novel is right now, if I have no obligations or responsibilities at all.\" According to Lin, a conventional book deal with a publisher would have provided him with only a month\\'s worth of living costs, whereas through private investments he thought he could make enough money to live on for three or four months. Six days after announcing his plan, Lin had sold 60 percent of the royalties in shares, for a total of \\$12,000.\n*Richard Yates*, like Lin\\'s previous work, met polarized criticism. Many reviewers criticized Lin\\'s idiosyncratic plain and minimally descriptive style. One wrote that his prose \\\"may appeal to a bored and banalized readership, but the writing is anything but appealing.\\\" Others were more forgiving; Charles Bock\\'s mostly negative review for *The New York Times* allowed that Lin could be \\\"genuinely funny\\\" and that \\\"When Haley Joel and Dakota find solace in each other through small, intimate gestures, or in descriptions of Dakota's defeated parents, Lin's flat style resonates.\\\" *The Boston Globe*s review described Lin\\'s writing as having \\\"the effect of putting a red butterfly behind glass: detached but brighter.\\\"\nA French edition was published by Au Diable Vauvert and an Italian edition by Saggiatore.","parent_id":"8a176e4b6f5cf5b32bf2","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a931a14a76fef10e21ac:0","document_content":"# Kavanagh (novel)\nFirst edition title page\n***Kavanagh*** is a novel by the American poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow.\nLongfellow began writing the story in 1847 and it was published in 1849. *Kavanagh* is the story of a country romance. Besides a character named Kavanagh, among its characters is a school teacher named Mr.\u00a0Churchill, who has always planned to write a romance, but whose procrastination never allows him to start, until late in life he resigns himself to his \\\"destiny\\\".\nLongfellow also used the novel to argue against the view, in the book propounded by a character based on Cornelius Mathews, that American literature must be entirely devoid of European influences and be exclusively national. Instead, Longfellow felt that American literature could and should be universalist, with its unique North American influences. He saw the use of European models not as imitation but as a \\\"continuation\\\" that Americans could be proud of.\nOf the novel, Robert L. Gale writes in *A Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Companion* that\n*Kavanagh* was also a precursor of local color writing, and \\\"it depicts what is probably the first lesbian relationship in American fiction\\\".\n- Etext at the University of Virginia Library\n- Scanned book at Google Books","parent_id":"a931a14a76fef10e21ac","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"432f7fa835fe44ba214e:0","document_content":"# Anthropology of an American Girl\nSpiegel & Grau hardcover version, May 2010***Anthropology of an American Girl*** is the first novel by American author Hilary Thayer Hamann. It is the story of a search for authenticity told in the first-person voice of teenaged protagonist Eveline Auerbach. The semi-autobiographical literary novel contains an examination of the social and cultural pressures that prevent individuals from living meaningfully. It was independently published in 2003, and re-released in 2010 by Spiegel & Grau, a division of Random House, both times to critical praise. The novel has been compared to J.D. Salinger\\'s *The Catcher in the Rye*.\nHamann wrote *Anthropology of an American Girl*, a semi-autobiographical coming-of-age story about Eveline Auerbach, a young woman growing up in Reagan-era America. Hamann was inspired to write the novel after taking graduate anthropology courses at NYU. The novel was first published by Vernacular Press in 2003. Hamann did not send the manuscript to agents or publishers until Vernacular closed in June 2007. *Anthropology* was purchased for publication two months later by Spiegel & Grau, and was re-released in May 2010. The paperback version was released in June 2011.\nThe new version was edited by Cindy Spiegel, senior vice president and publisher of Spiegel & Grau, and former vice president and publisher of Riverhead Books, where she edited Khaled Hosseini\\'s *The Kite Runner*.\nThe book has been published in Australia by Allen & Unwin, in Italy by Fandango Libri, and in the UK by Constable & Robinson.\nVernacular Press hardcover version, 2003*Anthropology of an American Girl* received strong reviews upon initial publication. *Library Journal* called the novel \\\"Henry James meets the 21st Century,\\\" \\\"intelligent and insightful.\\\" Also according to *Library Journal*, \\\"Eveline, or Evie, is not a stereotypical \\'American Girl\\'; nor is the book a standard coming-of-age story.\\\" Vernacular Press paperback version, 2003","parent_id":"432f7fa835fe44ba214e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"432f7fa835fe44ba214e:1","document_content":"# Anthropology of an American Girl\n*The Providence Journal* cited the novel for its \\\"gorgeous detail and nuanced thought\\\" and \\\"poetically rendered, astute perceptions.\\\" It stated that \\\"*Anthropology of an American Girl* is an extraordinary debut, updating the 19th-century social-psychological novel of romance and manners. Like Jane Austen, George Eliot or Edith Wharton, H.T. Hamann critiques her era and culture through the tale of a precocious young woman buffeted by the accidents, values and consequences of her age.\\\"\n*Anthropology* was praised by publications with diverse demographics. *Ms.\u00a0Magazine* cited it for its \\\"gorgeous language and brilliant observation,\\\" and *Romantic Times Book Club Magazine* called it a \\\"magnificently intense love story,\\\" awarding the novel its highest possible rating.\nThe novel won a \\\"Notable Fiction Award\\\" from *Writers\\' Notes* (2004); *ForeWord Magazine* named it a Book of the Year \\\"Fiction Finalist\\\" (2003).\nThe novel received a starred review from *Publishers Weekly*, which called the book \\\"exquisitely rendered,\\\" and added, \\\"If publishers could figure out a way to turn crack into a book, it\\'d read a lot like this.\\\"\n*Kirkus Reviews* also gave the novel a starred review, calling it a \\\"closely observed, Holden Caulfieldish story of teendom\\\" that is \\\"intelligent and without a false note---a memorable work.\\\" The review added that \\\"Eveline is a marvelously complex and tragic figure of disconnection, startlingly real and exposed at all times.\\\"\n*O Magazine* said that the novel is \\\"a realistic, resonant, and universal story,\\\" adding that \\\"Evie has a deadpan delivery Holden Caulfield might envy.\\\" The magazine also stated that \\\"Hamann\\'s depiction of time and place is stunningly accurate.\\\"","parent_id":"432f7fa835fe44ba214e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"432f7fa835fe44ba214e:2","document_content":"# Anthropology of an American Girl\n*The Washington Post* praised it as \\\"a very respectable and serious descendant of the work of D.H. Lawrence,\\\" adding that Hamann had created \\\"a carefully devised, coherent world, filled with opinions that need to be spoken---and heard.\\\" It also called the novel \\\"A stern rebuke to chick lit everywhere,\\\" adding that the story \\\"reminds us that all human lives are potentially sacred; that no lives should be judged and dismissed out of hand; that young women, though seen for eons as primarily just attractive objects, actually possess soul and will and sentience.\\\"\nAccording to the *Chicago Tribune*, \\\"Hamann has a hugely engaging voice and one that is rich with social and psychological insights.\\\"\n*The Dallas Morning News* said, \\\"This impressive debut is epic but not overwrought, and brilliant without the slightest hint of smugness. A rare kind of novel---at once sprawling and intimate---whose excellence matches its grand ambition.\\\"\nThe *Chicago Sun-Times* said that *Anthropology* \\\"Showcases all the nuance and character insight of the masters. But it also has a thrilling contemporary edge that seems to just about perfectly capture the ethos, angst, and danger of a time close to our own,\\\" calling Hamann \\\"one of the most engaging, evolving voices in contemporary fiction.\\\" Adding that, \\\"The author is pitch perfect in rendering the times. It\\'s a time that\\'s post-postwar and pre-Internet, and it\\'s never seemed so intriguing.\\\"\n*East Hampton Independent* called the novel \\\"An ethnographic exploration of youth culture,\\\" \\\"haunting, wise, and hip,\\\" with \\\"its ear-perfect dialogue and erotic charge.\\\"\nRespected book seller e-zine, *Shelf Awareness*, said that *Anthropology* is a \\\"magnificent book,\\\" \\\"incredibly intense and passionate,\\\" \\\"romantic in the grand sense,\\\" \\\"a rich, affecting experience,\\\" and \\\"completely entrancing.\\\" Spiegel & Grau paperback version, June 2011\nDespite overwhelmingly positive reviews, the novel was sometimes criticized for its length.","parent_id":"432f7fa835fe44ba214e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"432f7fa835fe44ba214e:3","document_content":"# Anthropology of an American Girl\nThough *Philadelphia City Paper* called *Anthropology* \\\"lyrical and analytic,\\\" adding that the \\\"depth of character examination\\...generates the novel\\'s powerful, sympathetic backbone and propels a complex coming-of-age tale for a new generation,\\\" it also stated that the book was \\\"overly lengthy.\\\"\n*Newcity Lit* wrote that the book \\\"gives us a vocabulary for coming-of-age in a contemporary world,\\\" but that \\\"Like *The Fountainhead*, *Anthropology* is too long.\\\"\n*New Zealand Listener* called the book \\\"a remarkable, honest and vivid achievement,\\\" adding that \\\"What Hamann brings to this world is a woman\\'s voice that is fresh and full of feeling.\\\" But *NZL* added that \\\"For some, the high school years may go on too long. However, the novel attains a gravitas that is unexpected and welcome. Eveline, in the end, is more George Eliot than Jane Austen.\\\"\n*The Washington Post* called *Anthropology* \\\"as vast and ambitious as the country itself, a panorama of a particular culture being born and dying and being reborn again. The book is a lengthy exegesis on the merits of first love and true love\\--in this case, two very different phenomena.\\\" But it also stated that \\\"the novel, with its many pages and its extensive cast of characters, aspires to comparison with *War and Peace*.\\\"\n\\\"This is a story of personhood, of growing by degrees.\\\"\n\\\"I wanted to take a long hard view of personal development in American culture. I decided to go back to the girl I\\'d been, and to other girls I\\'d known, in order to tease everything apart to find the ways in which we resisted stereotype or conformed to it. I wanted to study the idea of freedom and its applications and misapplications on a daily basis, and that took time.\\\"","parent_id":"432f7fa835fe44ba214e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"432f7fa835fe44ba214e:4","document_content":"# Anthropology of an American Girl\n\\\"I studied anthropology and ethnographic filmmaking in graduate school at NYU, and while considering other cultures and the ways in which people and places are represented, my thoughts turned to my own country, my ethnicity, my heritage\\...I thought about what constitutes my culture and my place in it. In order to investigate a big concept with a measure of authenticity, I relied on a single voice. And so, this is also a story of personhood, of growing by degrees. You know, being human is automatic, but being a *person*---a being with special moral and spiritual qualities---requires tremendous effort. It is a privilege and a responsibility.\\\"","parent_id":"432f7fa835fe44ba214e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7976a3411225db111ccd:0","document_content":"# Immensee (novella)\nthumb\n***Immensee*** (1849 and 1851) is a novella by German author Theodor Storm. It was the work that made him famous and remains to this day one of his most widely read.\n*Immensee* was first published in *Biernatzki's Volksbuch* in December 1849 when the author was well known regionally, but with the revised edition 1851, he became famous all over Germany and then the world. By the time of his death in 1888, it saw 33 editions in 17 languages. Storm revised it using some comments from his friend Tyco Mommsen and republished it in 1851 in *Sommergeschichten und Lieder* and finally as a single work edition in 1852. The first English translation appeared in 1858 in Henry Colburn's *New Monthly Magazine and Literary Journal* with a second version first appearing in the USA in 1863. It was Storm\\'s best selling work and remains to this day one of his most widely read, along with *The Rider on the White Horse* and *Pole Poppensp\u00e4ler*.\nOn the surface it is a simple love story divided into ten scenes as framed by the remembrances of Reinhardt as an old man thinking back to his youth, his childhood love for Elisabeth, and his friend Erich who ends up marrying her. The story thus takes place over the course of an entire life. It is autobiographical to some degree with echoes of Storm\\'s own life. The novel is richly symbolic. Wiebke Strehl said that \\\"Growing interest on the part of twentieth-century literary scholars indicate that there is much more to this story than meets the eye.\\\" Other critics have countered it is crudely symbolic and overly sentimental.\nright\nFrom their early childhood on, the protagonists Reinhard Werner and Elisabeth (no last name mentioned) have been close friends. Reinhard, who\\'s five years older than Elisabeth, impresses her by writing fairy tales on slips of paper for her. Without Elisabeth knowing, Reinhard additionally keeps a vellum-bound book in which he composes poems about his life experiences.\nDespite his young age, Reinhard is sure that he wants to spend his whole life with Elisabeth. Neither a new school, nor his new male friends can change this. He reveals his childhood dream of a life together in India to Elisabeth. After a moment of hesitation, 5-year old Elisabeth agrees to his plans.","parent_id":"7976a3411225db111ccd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7976a3411225db111ccd:1","document_content":"# Immensee (novella)\nAt the age of seventeen, the moment of separation from Elisabeth comes inescapably closer. Although he will pursue his education in town, Reinhard promises to continue writing fairy tales for her and send them by letter to his mother. She is delighted about this idea for she cannot imagine a life without Reinhard.\nSoon enough Christmas Eve comes along. Reinhard spends his time with his fellow students in the Ratskeller, where he shows interest to a girl playing the zither accompanied by a fiddler. After acting coy, she eventually sings for Reinhard. However, he offends her by heading home in a rush after receiving a message from an arrival. There Reinhard finds a parcel. Excited, he looks at the parcel\\'s content. Besides a cake and some personal items the parcel also contains letters from Elizabeth and his mother. In her letter Elisabeth complains about the death of the bird which Reinhard gave her as a present. Furthermore, she reproaches him for not writing fairy tales for her anymore. He is overwhelmed by a desire to return home. Immediately, he writes letters to Elisabeth and his mother after taking a walk, during which he gives half of the cake to a beggar girl.\nAt Easter, after a long-awaited time, Reinhard returns to see Elisabeth. However, they seem to have grown apart. In Reinhard\\'s absence, his old schoolfriend Erich has inherited his father\\'s farm at Immensee. Erich gave a new bird to Elisabeth. Reinhard entrusts his personal diary to Elisabeth, who is unsettled by the many poems he dedicated to her. When he asks her to hand him the book back, she returns it to him along with his favourite flower. Shortly before his departure Reinhard makes Elisabeth promise that she will still love him after his two-year absence. He leaves having told her that he has a secret, which he vows to tell her upon his return. Two more years pass by with no more correspondence between the two of them, then Reinhard gets a letter from his mother about Elisabeth and Erich\\'s engagement. Elisabeth had twice rejected Erich\\'s proposal.","parent_id":"7976a3411225db111ccd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7976a3411225db111ccd:2","document_content":"# Immensee (novella)\nA few years later Reinhard accepts Erich\\'s invitation to Immensee without Elisabeth and her mother knowing. Elisabeth is very happy about Reinhard\\'s unexpected arrival. Reinhard has collected several poems and songs over the last few years and now he is asked to perform some of his latest folksongs. With the evening drawing near, Reinhard recites some verses of a romantic drama, prompting Elisabeth to leave the small party embarrassed. Shortly afterwards, Reinhard is on his way down to the lake where he tries to reach a water lily by swimming into the middle. He cannot reach it and returns to the shore scared.\nThe following afternoon Reinhard and Elisabeth go for a walk on the other side of the lake. Discovering a field of erica and listening to Reinhard\\'s words about lost youth bring tears to Elisabeth\\'s eyes. In silence they make their way back to the house by boat but Reinhard returns alone later.\nDuring the whole time at the manor Reinhard is not able to express his thoughts. He decides to abandon Immensee early next morning, leaving a note behind but Elisabeth surprises him when she anticipates his plan to depart and never come back. He withdraws himself from her sight stepping outside and taking off.\nAt late dusk, in his mind\\'s eye, the old man once more catches sight of the water lily on the lake through the window. The lily seems to be close but still unreachable. He remembers his bygone youth and delves into his studies, to which he dedicated a lot of time in the past.\nBecause of its rich symbolism, the work has been interpreted a number of ways, including three film adaptations for political propaganda purposes. These include the 1943 film *Immensee: A German Folk Song*, directed by Veit Harlan during the Nazi years. The 1999 Bollywood film, *Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam* (or *I Have Already Given My Heart, Sweetheart* in English) is a loose adaptation of the story\\'s theme.","parent_id":"7976a3411225db111ccd","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fefa2103a530f7c4535a:0","document_content":"# Valentine (novel)\n***Valentine*** (1832) is a novel published by French author George Sand. This was the second novel published in Sand\\'s career as an independent author, the novel is notable for displaying many of Sand\\'s preoccupations as an emerging novelist: love, social class, greed, liberty, and family ties. Like many of Sand\\'s novels, the novel takes its name from its title character Valentine, who is born into an aristocratic family but falls in love with the peasant farmer, Benedict. Star-crossed lovers belonging to different social classes were to become a major theme in Sand\\'s works, which interrogated what the author perceived as the hypocrisy and rigidity of social norms in the Restoration-period French republic.\nSand\\'s main theme in the novel is marriage. Marriages of convenience are expected in the novel. \u00c9variste de Lansac, Valentine\\'s fianc\u00e9, is a greedy character who pursues marriage for land and wealth. However, while marriage between Valentine and Benedict would be based on genuine love, it is also forbidden by their class differences. The snobbery of the upper class is embodied by Valentine\\'s grandmother.\nThe novel depicts the limited education given to women in the 1830s. Having completed a basic education in preparation for her marriage, Valentine complains she is \\\"miserable.\\\" She is able to draw, sing, and dance, but does not have knowledge of the world beyond what would prepare her for a domestic life as a wife.\nValentine\\'s sister, Louise, represents a rebellious alternative. Louise becomes entangled romantically with Benedict. Benedict is then in love with both sisters. The novel offers no solutions for these social problems, but simply allows them to unfold.\nThe novel\\'s fictional backdrop is shared by many of Sand\\'s later rustic novels, the Black Valley in the Berri region. These novels are based on the region where Sand had her own country estate.\nIn the *Revue de Romans,* an 1839 reviewer of the novel noted Sand\\'s unique use of the romance genre.","parent_id":"fefa2103a530f7c4535a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fefa2103a530f7c4535a:1","document_content":"# Valentine (novel)\n\\\"*Valentine* is the work of a woman author who depicts in this novel, and with unexpected vigor for this often-silly genre of writing, the trials and tribulations of a woman whom society has condemned to waste away her days in a place whether neither the people nor their ages are varied, and neither love nor affection are easily obtained; in short, it is a hyperbolic critique of the institution of marriage, but it is a charming work of great interest and poetry.\\\"\n(Translated from the French, Source: <http:\/\/fr.wikisource.org\/wiki\/Revue_des_Romans\/George_Sand>)","parent_id":"fefa2103a530f7c4535a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"56f03ebb791fe9f1e33e:0","document_content":"# Jacques (novel)\n***Jacques*** (1833) is a novel by French author George Sand, n\u00e9e Amantine Dupin. The novel centers on an unhappy marriage between a retired soldier, aged 35 (Jacques), and his young teenaged bride, Fernanade. The novel is the first by Sand to be named after a male character. While previously, her novels had focused on female experiences within marriage, in *Jacques,* she turns her attention to describing a male partner in a marriage. The novel details how he feels about ongoing events in often painful detail.\nIt has been suggested by some critics that the character of Jacques later reappears as an unnamed fellow traveler in Sand\\'s fictionalized travel account *Letters of a Voyager*.\nJacques and Fernanda are newlyweds, but they are mismatched in many ways, not least in age and education. Both enter into marriage with high hopes, but these are quickly dashed by a massive quarrel early on in the book, which becomes an important turning point in the book. The means of reconciliation used by the two characters are very different. After the fight, Fernande attempts to mend the rift by begging and pleading, but Jacques responds with disgust.\nFollowing this, Jacques invites his sister Sylvia and her companion Octave to stay with the couple as guests. Octave and Fernande fall in love. Faced with no choice but to challenge Octave to a duel or concede the marriage, Jacques can find no suitable alternative. He decides to disappear into a crevice in the Alps, never to return.\nWhile the novel never provides an explanation for the dissolution of Jacques and Fernande\\'s marriage, the novel highlights that differences in how the couple express emotion and how they see the world. The inability of the couple to comprehend one other may be what causes their relationship, although the question is left open.\nHowever, Sand also highlights the social aspects of this problem by emphasizing the youth of Ferndande, who is married by her family as a teenager, and the impossibility of the couple\\'s divorcing under Napoleonic law. Like many of Sand\\'s novels, Jacques argued in favor of the education and independence of 19th century women and against a view of marriage in which the husband dominated the wife legally.","parent_id":"56f03ebb791fe9f1e33e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"56f03ebb791fe9f1e33e:1","document_content":"# Jacques (novel)\nUnlike her prior novels, Jacques depicts misunderstandings in a marriage not arranged out of convenience but originally based on love. Thus the novelist tackles a new topic in this exploration of men and women\\'s intimate relations, differences in communication.\n*Jacques* is the third of Sand\\'s novels. Many critics have compared it to her first two works, *Indiana* and *Valentine* due to their specific interest in women\\'s equality, including the legal rights, education, and familial roles of women. Sand\\'s early career focused on these issues extensively. While these were controversial topics, writing about them also helped build her reputation and attracted a wide following of readers who were interested in these themes.","parent_id":"56f03ebb791fe9f1e33e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d770cb763a90e3dadc6b:0","document_content":"# Riddle of the Seventh Stone\n***Riddle of the Seventh Stone*** is a 2010 novel by Monideepa Sahu. This fantasy novel for children is set in Bangalore, India. The book was longlisted for the Vodafone Crossword Book Award for 2011.\nSet in a herb shop on a bustling road in Bangalore, this book is about a spider and rat magically turning into human children. As children with help from their vermin friends the duo gang up with the grandchildren of the herb shop owner to save it from a land shark. In the course of their adventures they come across an ancient riddle, solving which leads them to the treasure of Kempegowda, an ancient king who founded Bangalore. The vermin\\'s transformation to humans in nature and thinking, and their improving in the face of adversity is an underlying theme of the book.\nMany places described in the book are in the old parts of Bangalore dating back to the times of the city\\'s founding. The City Market, Avenue Road, Bangalore Fort and Kote Venkataramana Temple are real places.\n- **Rishab**: the aged rat who transforms into a shy and awkward boy. He overcomes his shyness to become the hero of the novel by solving the **riddle of the seventh stone**, finding the treasure and becoming friends with a girl called Geeta whom he saved from an accident.\n- **Shashie**: the very old spider who transforms into a bossy and opinionated girl. She plays a pivotal role in the novel.\n- **Venkat Thatha**: the owner of the rare herb store, an absent-minded old man worried about the future of his shop\n- **Ajji**: Venkat Thata\\'s wife, deaf but practical\n- The twins **Leela** and **Deepak**: orphaned grandchildren of Venkat Thatha. They discover and try to civilize Rishab and Shashie.\n- **Shark**: the mysterious scar-faced villain who doubles as a loan shark and a land shark out to snatch the store\n- Minor characters like the wise bandicoot and the helpful policeman\n- Numerous insects and rats who bravely help Rishab and his friends in their quest","parent_id":"d770cb763a90e3dadc6b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d770cb763a90e3dadc6b:1","document_content":"# Riddle of the Seventh Stone\nKote Venkataramana Temple\nMonideepa Sahu got the idea of writing this book after meeting the owner of a shop selling rare herbs while doing research for an article for the newspaper *Deccan Herald*. A big spider weaving a web in a corner of the shop and a rat scurrying about the shop were the inspiration behind the main characters of the book, Rishab and Shashee. In the course of the author\\'s conversations with long-term residents of Old Bangalore, she learnt about local life, and discovered old temples, churches and mosques. Hearing tales of local life, temple chariot festivals, the early morning flower market etc., related by people from diverse communities, inspired the characters and plot of her book. Although the book was written in 2003 it was rejected by a number of publishers for failing to follow established stereotypes, before being selected by Zubaan in 2008 as an anonymous pitch in the Kala Ghoda Arts Festival. The book was formally launched in Bangalore on 9 October 2010.\nA review in *The Hindu* noted the unusual storyline and praised the book for a realistic portrayal of children and language. The reviewer praised Rishab as an adorable character and appreciated the book\\'s humorous touches but found the decoding of the riddle weak. The *Deccan Herald* appreciated the fact that this novel as a fantasy set in India unlike most children\\'s books. They noted the mix of adventure, fantasy, insects, vermin and a little bit of love made the novel fast-paced. The *Bangalore Mirror* found the description of Bangalore\\'s underworld populated with rodents and roaches and not crooks, as a world full of fantasy and adventure in the labyrinths of drains and nooks of the old Bangalore.\nRanjana Kaul in the *Book Review* noted the \\\"unlikely protagonists drawn from the world of vermin and insects, a world which humans generally tend to ignore or treat with disgust and repulsion. The book straddles these two antithetical yet interdependent worlds with ease through its unlikely heroes, the rat Rishabh and the bossy spider Shashee (spelt with a double \\'e\\' for astrological reasons!) who find themselves catapulted unwillingly into the world of humans.\\\"","parent_id":"d770cb763a90e3dadc6b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d770cb763a90e3dadc6b:2","document_content":"# Riddle of the Seventh Stone\nIt has been noted, apart from nuggets of history of Bangalore, the novel also deals with ecological concerns, coexistence and the discovery of self-reliance. However, the author has denied having put in a moral in the book.\n- *Going home in the rain*, a 2016 book by Monideepa Sahoo","parent_id":"d770cb763a90e3dadc6b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6db30c7fdafc05203e96:0","document_content":"# Jews without Money\nalt=\n***Jews without Money*** is a 1930 semi-autobiographical novel by American critic Mike Gold.\nPublished by Horace Liveright shortly after the onset of the Great Depression, the novel is a fictionalized autobiography about growing up in the impoverished world of the Lower East Side, beginning in the 1890s. *Jews without Money* was an immediate success and went through many print-runs in its first years and was translated into over 14 languages. It became a prototype for the American proletarian novel.\n*Jews without Money* is set in a slum populated mainly by Jewish immigrants from Eastern Europe. The father of the hero is a painter who suffers from lead poisoning. When he falls from a scaffold, he is disabled and can no longer work. His business fails and the family is pushed into poverty. The mother has to seek work in a restaurant. Although he is a bright boy, young Michael decides he must leave school. On the final page of the book, the poor Jewish boy prays for the arrival of a Marxist worker\\'s revolution that will emancipate the working class.\nIn his authorial note to the novel, Gold wrote, \\\"I have told in my book a tale of Jewish poverty in one ghetto, that of New York. The same story can be of a hundred other ghettoes scattered over all the world. For centuries the Jew has lived in this universal ghetto.\\\"\n- Mike Gold\n- Jewish-American working class\n- Proletarian literature\n- Alan M. Wald","parent_id":"6db30c7fdafc05203e96","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7ec372a3c180d6e18a1f:0","document_content":"# Debjan\n***Debjan*** is a Bengali novel written by Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay. The work is a fiction and deals with life after death.\nThe name Debjan is derived from the Sanskrit word \\\"Devyaan\\\" which literally translated as the path of Gods. This is the path of no return, i.e.\u00a0a soul traversing this path will be liberated according to the ancient Indian scriptures. The description of this path occurs in Upanishads and also in Gita.\nThe other path is known as Pitr Yaan. A soul traversing this path will have to return to the world again for reaping the fruits of Karma.\nGita refers to these two paths as the \\\"White\\\" and the \\\"Black\\\" paths, one which leads to eternal life and the other compels one to return to the world. The exact sloka, however does not take the name \\\"Devyaan\\\".\nJatin, the male protagonist of the novel, a Brahmin lives in a village. Though he is highly educated yet he is unemployed and poor. His wife Ashalata has deserted him and lives in her maternal house with their children. Jatin has met neither his wife nor his children for years. After suffering from high fever Jatin dies. Right after his death Jatin discovers Pushpa, his very intimate childhood friend who died 13 years ago is standing beside his bed. Pushpa tells Jatin that she has come to take him with her. And from here the main story begins. Jatin learns death is not the end of everything, but, it is just a beginning of a new life. Jatin meets many characters who shape his knowledge and wisdom on death, human relationship and its existence beyond human life, life after death, God, Atman, reincarnations, divine manifestations or avatars and Karma. There is a certain goddess who in the novel is referred to as Karuna Devi or goddess of compassion, who, out of the desire for the welfare and well being of ordinary mortals, comes to the earth to help people. He also meets a sannyasin or ascetic monk who attained the nirvikalpa samadhi and hence is a liberated soul. He meets the great Vaishnava saint Raghunath Das who worships the living image of his personal God. He meets Valmiki, the ancient poet who composed Ramayana. Jatin stays in the third sphere along with Pushpa. In this sphere it is possible to create environment out of imagination and Pushpa creates the same scenery as was present in her native place consisting of the river Ganga and its bank where she and Jatin used to play as children. There are still higher spheres where people have great powers by which they can create any object by a mere thought. There is no language of communication and people can communicate using thought waves as medium. There are also nether regions which are inhabited by souls of inferior nature. The higher regions are occupied by the celestial beings. God or the Supreme Being is beyond all regions and spheres. Every sphere is governed by a very powerful being who is a very advanced soul. Most of the souls of the higher realms are believer in God and they spend their time meditating upon the Supreme Being. Jatin also met advanced souls who are world travelers but are agnostic. It is made clear that in the universe there are an infinite number of spheres where people may be born and the purpose of life is to evolve spiritually by learning vital lessons from the life\\'s experiences and thereby gaining wisdom. When all ignorance is dispelled people are liberated from the earthly existence and they go to the higher spheres or realms from where they progress even further. It is possible for the earthlings to degenerate and go to nether lands or to inferior regions in the after life if that helps them in gaining knowledge and wisdom in the hard way.","parent_id":"7ec372a3c180d6e18a1f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7ec372a3c180d6e18a1f:1","document_content":"# Debjan\nJatin and Pushpa along with Karuna Devi and a few other advanced souls try to help several mortals, including Jatin\\'s wife Ashalata who had gone astray. Jatin could not relinquish his infatuation for Ashalata which landed him in trouble as he had to born again in a poor rural household in Bengal. However, Pushpa intervened to free him from the misery of a mortal life. Pushpa was in love with Jatin but she was an advanced soul. In the book Jatin visits many spheres courtesy the different souls of higher realms who help him in his quest of knowledge, but he is unable to get rid of his infatuation and therefore has to be born again. In the end, even though Ashalata\\'s karma was not in favour, she was given a new lease of life because of Jatin\\'s love for her and she and Jatin were born again, destined to be united again in new bodies. Pushpa had to go back to the realms of immortality, leaving the hope for being ever united with Jatin. She made the sacrifice for Jatin\\'s sake.\nThe book ends with a description of what the Supreme Being is and what is His relationship with the world, in accordance with the different scriptures in Hinduism. The book also touches upon long standing debates in Hindu theology like that between Advaita Vedanta which believes that one Supreme Impersonal Godhead Brahman permeates the entire Universe and the creation is the superimposition of this impersonal through Maya, and Vaishnavism, which is a dualist doctrine, i.e.\u00a0it believes in God separate from the creation, viz.\u00a0world. The book also emphasizes on love as a potent medium of progress and spiritual development and the transcendental love for God or bhakti as the highest means of emancipation.\nThe book depicts the concept of life after death as it appears in Hindu scriptures, esp.\u00a0the Upanishads. The concepts of different Lokas or hierarchical regions beyond the material sphere is influenced by a similar depiction in Brihadaranyaka Upanishad.\n- Jatin\n- Pushpa\n- Ashalata (wife of Jatin)\n- Pranay Devi\n- Karuna Devi\n- The universe wanderer\n- Vaishnava monk\n- Vedantin Sannyasin","parent_id":"7ec372a3c180d6e18a1f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7:0","document_content":"# Les Belles-de-nuit ou Les Anges de la famille\n***Les Belles-de-nuit ou les Anges de la famille*** (*Beauties of the Night or The Angels of the Family*) is an adventure novel by Paul F\u00e9val. It was first published as a roman feuilleton in the French newspaper *L'Assembl\u00e9e nationale* from the September 21, 1849 to the April 27, 1850. The story takes place from November 1817 to November 1820 in Brittany and in Paris. The book is divided in five parts of unequal length.\n\n### Part 1, *Le D\u00e9ris* (The Flood)\nIn November 1817, in the Breton town of Redon, three strange characters -- two men and a woman -- stop at the inn of the *Mouton Couronn\u00e9* (The Crowned Sheep) for the night. They are Robert and his accomplice Blaise, aka *l'Am\u00e9ricain* (The American) and *l'Endormeur* (Sleepy-Maker), and beautiful but soulless Lola. The two men are hard up and Robert, who has just discovered the existence of the Vicomte Ren\u00e9 de Penho\u00ebl, decides to get hold of his estate and fortune. He manages to wrest the Penho\u00ebls' story from the inn-keeper G\u00e9raud and pretends to be a friend of Louis's, Ren\u00e9's elder brother, who left Brittany fifteen years before, following an unhappy love affair: both he and Ren\u00e9 had fallen in love with Marthe, an orphan. Everyone thought Marthe was in love with Louis but the latter went away and Marthe eventually married Ren\u00e9. Yet the Viscomtesse is still very melancholy and Robert suspects that she never stopped loving Louis.\nRobert and Blaise go to the manor -- although the boatman Beno\u00eet Haligan, who guessed the truth, warned Ren\u00e9 -- and introduce themselves as Louis's friends.","parent_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7:1","document_content":"# Les Belles-de-nuit ou Les Anges de la famille\n### Part 2, *Le Manoir* (The Manor)\nAlmost three years later, the first steamboat leaves London for Bordeaux. On board is Major Berry Montalt, a mysterious English adventurer who hates Brittany and the Bretons. Nevertheless, he rescues a young Breton sailor who tried to drown himself. The young man is none other than Vincent, Ren\u00e9\\'s young cousin, who left the manor five months before: one day he was suffering from fever and drunkenness, he raped his cousin Blanche, with whom he is desperately in love. As Vincent tells Montalt this story, the adventurer goes into a towering rage and accuses Vincent of recalling his own crime to him.\nMeanwhile, in Penho\u00ebl, Ren\u00e9, who has become Lola's lover, gambles his fortune and estate away. Robert, Blaise and their accomplices, the Marquis de Pontal\u00e8s, his son Alain and the Ma\u00eetre le Hivain, a dubious lawyer, are almost the masters of the estate. During a party, Marthe discovers that her daughter Blanche is pregnant and thinks that Robert is the father of the unborn child. Her pain is all the greater as she thinks Blanche underwent the same fate as she did years ago.\nDiane and Cyprienne de Penho\u00ebl, Ren\u00e9\\'s cousins and Vincent's younger sisters, have found out Robert's schemes. They decide to rob some documents that Ren\u00e9 signed in Louis's name and that can help Robert to become the master of the estate. The girls are unmasked and drowned by Bibandier, one of Robert's accomplice. Robert kidnaps Blanche and has \u00c9tienne Moreau, a painter, and Roger de Launoy, Ren\u00e9's adoptive son, thrown out of Penho\u00ebl. Soon after the young men depart, the others members of the family are also forced to leave the manor. The Marquis de Pontal\u00e8s, now master of Penho\u00ebl, throws out Robert and Blaise as well.","parent_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7:2","document_content":"# Les Belles-de-nuit ou Les Anges de la famille\n### Part 3, *Le Voyage* (The Journey)\nIn Rennes, a stagecoach is about to leave, bringing Montalt to Paris. \u00c9tienne Moreau, who has just left Redon, meets the mogul and tells him his story, without telling him Penho\u00ebl's name. In spite of the respect he instinctively feels towards Montalt, the young man is appalled his immorality. As for Montalt, he is very interested by two girls who travel in another mail coach going to Paris. Strangely enough, they pull down the blinds when \u00c9tienne turns towards them. When they reach Laval, \u00c9tienne and Montalt stop at an inn and the young man meets Roger, whose departure he did not know of.\nWhen the stagecoach reaches Paris, Montalt suggests \u00c9tienne and Roger to settle as painter and secretary in his household. Presently one of the mysterious passengers of the second stagecoach throws out two notes signed \\\"BEAUTY OF THE NIGHT\\\" and addressed to \u00c9tienne and Roger, arranging to meet them at Notre Dame de Paris. The young men, faithful to Diane and Cyprienne, whom they love, refuse to go.\n\n### Part 4, *Paris*\nRobert, Blaise, Lola and Bibandier are now living in Paris under false names, with Blanche. Robert decides to acquaint himself with Montalt, hoping to make him his accomplice to buy Penho\u00ebl's manor.\nMarthe, Ren\u00e9, Uncle Jean and old G\u00e9raud live in a slum, and Diane and Cyprienne, who came through drowning, struggle to survive, singing in the streets. In desperation, they decide to go and ask Montalt, who is interested in them, to help them buy back Penho\u00ebl.\nDuring a party at Montalt's residential hotel, Robert meets the adventurer and tells him how he swindled Penho\u00ebl's out of his estate without telling any names. Meanwhile, two mysterious girls enter the ball, tell \u00c9tienne and Roger of the murder of Diane and Cyprienne, and charge Robert with the crime in Montalt' presence.","parent_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7:3","document_content":"# Les Belles-de-nuit ou Les Anges de la famille\n### Part 4, *Paris*\nComing back to his hotel, Montalt hears that the girls of the stagecoach -- Diane and Cyprienne -- want to meet him. They tell him their story but call themselves Louise and Berthe. Montalt takes pity on them and decides to let them live in the hotel as his own daughters. Presently, Bibandier shows \u00c9tienne and Roger the girls, saying that Montalt seduced them.\nIn the meantime, Vincent, who has heard of Blanche's being kidnapped and his family's having left Penho\u00ebl, manages to reach Paris but is arrested and imprisoned opposite the house that Lola is renting and where Blanche is imprisoned. The girl is pregnant and mourns her family. Diane and Cyprienne, disguised in men, come and set their cousin free, then take her to Montalt's hotel.\nRobert, who now wants to get rid of Montalt, asks Lola to persuade Alain de Pontal\u00e8s to challenge the Englishman to a duel. Then he tells Vincent, who escaped and witnessed Blanche's kidnapping, that Montalt ordered it. As a result, the young man challenges Montalt to a second duel. Then \u00c9tienne and Roger come, seeking compensation for Montalt's attitude towards them and the twin sisters. After that, Jean de Penho\u00ebl, also deceived by Robert, decide to challenge Montalt to a fifth duel.\nMeanwhile, Ren\u00e9 de Penho\u00ebl, who has become nearly mad since he lost his estate, takes advantage of Jean's having left their slum and G\u00e9raud's being in hospital to try and kill Marthe and commit suicide. They are saved by Diane and Cyprienne. The girls come back to the hotel and Montalt encourages them to tell their real name. Then he tells them his story: he left his family several years before because both he and his best friend were in love with the same girl. Montalt would rather give up his love but he never forgot the girl. Then he gives Diane and Cyprienne a sandalwood box set with diamonds that contains a lock of the girl's hair. He asks Diane and Cyprienne to burn the lock if he dies and to keep the diamonds. After he leaves, the twins go and aid Blanche, who gives birth to her child.","parent_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7:4","document_content":"# Les Belles-de-nuit ou Les Anges de la famille\n### Part 4, *Paris*\nMontalt goes to the Bois de Boulogne. He kills Alain de Pontal\u00e8s but not the other four. Jean de Penho\u00ebl suddenly recognises him and pronounces him to be his nephew Louis. As they come back to the hotel, they find Robert and his two accomplices, who were trying to rob the sandalwood box. Robert is then accused by Jean, Vincent and the girls. Yet, Montalt agrees to save him if he gives him a letter that Marthe had written to him but never sent. Presently Jean explains that Diane and Cyprienne are Louis and Marthe's illegitimate children, whom he and his late wife adopted. They decide to go back in Brittany and buy back the estate. But they have got only three days left before Penho\u00ebl legally becomes Pontal\u00e8s's property.\n\n### Part 5, *Penho\u00ebl*\nRobert, Blaise and Bibandier go back to the *Mouton Couronn\u00e9*, in Redon, bringing Marthe and Ren\u00e9 with them. They arrange to meet Ren\u00e9 on the riverbank, luring him into thinking that he may buy the estate back. They then go to the boatman's lodge. Beno\u00eet Haligan is now dying. They force Ma\u00eetre Le Hivain to bring Pontal\u00e8s to Haligan's house. After the Marquis arrives, they order him to help them if he wants to retain the estate, for Penho\u00ebl is coming back. Pontal\u00e8s grudgingly agrees to share Penho\u00ebl's estate with Robert, Blaise and Bibandier and to kill Ren\u00e9 and Louis if necessary.","parent_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7:5","document_content":"# Les Belles-de-nuit ou Les Anges de la famille\n### Part 5, *Penho\u00ebl*\nWhen the five of them reach the place of their appointment with Ren\u00e9, the latter goes in the boat, scared by a mysterious stranger who has been following him since he left Redon. The stranger, Louis de Penho\u00ebl, manages to stop the boat before Bibandier can distance the bank. Pontal\u00e8s stabs Ren\u00e9 but is battered to death by Louis, who then kills Robert, Blaise and Le Hivain, while Bibandier runs away. After the killing, Louis tries to bring back his brother, whom he thinks is still alive, but Ren\u00e9 makes a last dying movement and lets himself slip into water. Then the boat sails away on the river and sinks with the four dead bodies in the *Femme Blanche\\'s* (White Woman) chasm, in which Robert had ordered Diane and Cyprienne to be drowned.\nMeanwhile, Jean de Penho\u00ebl has taken Marthe back to the manor. The latter is almost dying after enduring so much sorrow and she wakes up hearing the *Beauties of the Night* song. Seeing her daughters and Louis, who came back to the manor, she prays: \\\"My God! (...) if it is a dream again, let me never wake up!\\\" (\u00ab *Mon Dieu! (...) si c'est encore un r\u00eave, faites que je ne m'\u00e9veille jamais !* \u00bb).\nFalse names are written in square brackets.","parent_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7:6","document_content":"# Les Belles-de-nuit ou Les Anges de la famille\n### The Penho\u00ebls\n: **Diane and Cyprienne de Penho\u00ebl**, **Louise and Berthe**, **\u00c9douard and L\u00e9on de Saint-Remy**. Diane and Cyprienne are twin sisters. They were born a few months after Louis de Penho\u00ebl left his home. They are both alike and different. Both are brown-haired and look like Louis de Penho\u00ebl, but Diane is \\\"tallest, more earnest and perhaps more beautiful than her sister\\\" (\u00ab *plus grande que sa s\u0153ur, plus s\u00e9rieuse et peut-\u00eatre plus belle* \u00bb). Diane has brown eyes, whereas Cyprienne\\'s are dark blue. She also is more serious, more grown up, cleverer and stronger. Cyprienne compares her sister to a captain and herself to her soldier. They love each other very much but Diane sometimes acts with Cyprienne like a mother would do with her daughter. Although they are introduced at the beginning of the novel as Jean's daughters and the secret of their birth is uncovered at the end of the story only, the reader soon guesses that they are Louis and Marthe's illegitimate children. They are both devoted to the people they love and show both great courage and na\u00efvet\u00e9 against the danger that threatens their family.\n<!-- -->\n: **Louis de Penho\u00ebl**, Lord Berry Montalt. Ren\u00e9's elder brother leaves Brittany when his brother tells him that he loves Marthe. Torn between his love for Marthe and his love for his brother, he decides to make a sacrifice of the former. He writes to his brother one year after he left but Ren\u00e9 does not answer. Towards the time when Blanche was conceived, he came back to Penho\u00ebl, but Ren\u00e9 refuses to let him in. He then goes away for good. He calls himself Berry Montalt, says that he is English, makes a fortune but does not find happiness. Then he grows fond of Vincent, \u00c9tienne, Roger, Diane and Cyprienne, whereas he does not even know that they are related to Penho\u00ebl. During the duel, he is recognized by Jean de Penho\u00ebl. He does not feel grudge against Ren\u00e9 and tries to save him, but he does not spare Pontal\u00e8s, nor Robert and his accomplices.","parent_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7:7","document_content":"# Les Belles-de-nuit ou Les Anges de la famille\n### The Penho\u00ebls\n<!-- -->\n: **Marthe de Penho\u00ebl**. She is an orphan who was brought up by the *Commandant* de Penho\u00ebl and his wife after her parents\\' death. Both Louis and Ren\u00e9 fall in love with her. Whereas she is in love with Louis, his parents and brother make her think that he never loved her and marries Ren\u00e9 after he left. Only Uncle Jean and his wife support her and know her secret: they and Beno\u00eet Haligan helped her when she gave birth to Diane and Cyprienne, Jean\\'s wife brought up the children as their own. When her daughter Blanche was born, she transfers her whole love to her and displays strictness and sometimes harshness towards Diane and Cyprienne. Her tenderness towards Blanche weakens once only: after her eldest daughters\\' \\\"death\\\", she reproaches Blanche, ill and asleep, of having rob from them the love they that was due to them. Diane\\'s and Cyprienne\\'s \\\"death\\\" and the kidnapping of Blanche deprives her from her strength and she sinks into apathy until she comes back in Penho\u00ebl, where she finds again her daughters, Louis and all those she loves but despaired of seeing again. Marthe\\'s part is a passive one in the novel.\n<!-- -->\n: **Roger de Launoy**. Roger is Marthe\\'s and Ren\u00e9\\'s adoptive son. He was adopted because the couple despaired of having a male heir. He is of the same age as Vincent -- eighteen at the beginning of the story. Later, it is said that ha has lived for twenty years at Penho\u00ebl\\'s, meaning that he has been adopted soon after Louis left.\n<!-- -->","parent_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7:8","document_content":"# Les Belles-de-nuit ou Les Anges de la famille\n### The Penho\u00ebls\n: Although he sometimes seems fickle, he is really devoted to his adoptive mother and deeply in love Cyprienne. The girl\\'s nocturnal getaways make him think she loves someone else. He becomes \u00c9tienne Moreau\\'s best friend and loves him as a brother. He is also proud, clever and brave. His affection towards Ren\u00e9 de Penho\u00ebl dies down as the latter gets influenced by Robert and shows less consideration for him. When he is thrown out of Penho\u00ebl, he decides to leave Brittany and catch up with \u00c9tienne at once.\n<!-- -->\n: **Blanche de Penho\u00ebl**. She is Marthe\\'s and Ren\u00e9\\'s only daughter and looks like her mother. She is pretty, but has a languishing kind of beauty unlike her half-sisters. She also is a very fragile and na\u00efve girl. Her father thinks she is Louis\\'s daughter, because Louis came back at the time she was conceived. Robert de Blois decides to marry to inherit the estate. She does not play an active part in the novel.\n<!-- -->\n: **Ren\u00e9 de Penho\u00ebl**. He is Louis\\'s younger brother. He is only one year younger and from his childhood, he has been the weaker of the two. Louis used to make a sacrifice of everything for him, so when he fell in love with Marthe, he told his brother of it and Louis decided to make a sacrifice once more and left Brittany. He is mad about his wife but suspects her of being in love with Louis. He is pathologically jealous, even after he became Lola\\'s lover. He even uses violence against Marthe, who is protected by Uncle Jean only. In the end of the story he is ready to let his brother be killed and while dying, he seems to prefer letting himself drown rather than accept Louis\\'s outstretched hand.\n<!-- -->","parent_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7:9","document_content":"# Les Belles-de-nuit ou Les Anges de la famille\n### The Penho\u00ebls\n: **Jean de Penho\u00ebl** is the *Commandant* de Penho\u00ebl\\'s younger brother. He is a poor man and lives thanks to his brother\\'s generosity. He never forgot Louis, whom he loves as his own son. He also loves Marthe, whom he sees as a daughter, and he and his wife decide to adopt their children. He brings Diane and Cyprienne up, telling them to adore God and love Penho\u00ebl above all. He recognizes his nephew during the duel.\n<!-- -->\n: **Vincent de Penho\u00ebl**. He is Jean\\'s only child. He is secretly in love with his cousin Blanche but does not say anything about it since Blanche is a rich heiress and he is hard up. He leaves Penho\u00ebl after he raped her. It is the main difference between Louis and Vincent: Louis leaves Brittany so that his brother can marry Marthe but not because he had sexual relations with her, whereas Vincent goes away because he is ashamed of his act. When he hears that Blanche was kidnapped, he goes to Paris and is imprisoned because of another crime he committed: he killed an officer in a duel. Robert makes him think that Blanche has been kidnapped by Montalt, so that he challenges the Englishman to another duel.\n\n### Other characters\n: **Robert Camel, aka *l'Am\u00e9ricain* (American)**, **Robert de Blois, the Chevalier de las Matas**. He is twenty-five at the beginning of the story and has been mixing with mobsters for ten years. He is a ruthless, talented actor and he extorts the family\\'s story from old G\u00e9raud, the inn-keeper. He is unscrupulous and decides to marry Blanche to inherit the fortune. He kidnaps her and has her guarded by Lola in Paris. He thinks that he can buy Penho\u00ebl\\'s Manor with Montalt\\'s money and tries to make an accomplice of him -- in vain.\n<!-- -->","parent_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7:10","document_content":"# Les Belles-de-nuit ou Les Anges de la famille\n### Other characters\n: **\u00c9tienne Moreau**. He is a Parisian painter of about twenty in 1820. He is sent for by Ren\u00e9 to decorate Lola\\'s chamber. \u00c9tienne does not know if he has talent -- and many people think he has none and say that he is a \\\"dauber who came from Paris to put red and blue upon the walls\\\". Only Roger thinks he is really talented. The relations between \u00c9tienne and Roger are much the same as between Diane and Cyprienne. Although they are not related, they love each other like brothers and when \u00c9tienne is thrown out of Penho\u00ebl he leaves Roger with these words: \\\"Remember that I am your brother and that my home, although small and poor, will always be large enough to shelter us both. \u00ab *Souviens-toi que je suis ton fr\u00e8re et que ma demeure, si petite et si pauvre qu'elle soit, sera toujours assez grande pour nous abriter tous deux.* \u00bb The likeliness between Diane and Cyprienne, and \u00c9tienne and Roger is also perceptible in their personalities. They have the same qualities and faults. Diane and \u00c9tienne are more earnest than Cyprienne and Roger, whereas Cyprienne and Roger are more frivolous than Diane and \u00c9tienne. The young men have different ways of behaving towards their girlfriends. Cyprienne\\'s strange behavior makes Roger fear that she does not love him, \u00c9tienne trusts Diane in spite of her strange attitude.\n<!-- -->","parent_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7:11","document_content":"# Les Belles-de-nuit ou Les Anges de la famille\n### Other characters\n: **Blaise Jolin, aka *l'Endormeur* (Sleepy-Maker)**, **the Count de Mante\u00efra**. Blaise is Robert\\'s accomplice. He is physically stronger but not so shrewd than Robert. At the beginning of the story, fate -- or Robert\\'s cheating at cards -- makes him Robert\\'s manservant. His part is minor since it is Robert who is working toward Ren\u00e9\\'s ruin. Yet Blaise does not despair and thinks that he may become the only master of the estate. When the Penho\u00ebls leave, he does not hesitate to cross swords with Robert, but he knows which side is bread is buttered and he makes up with Robert when they are thrown out by Pontal\u00e8s.\n<!-- -->\n: **Bibandier**, **the Baron de Bibander**. He is a former receiver of stolen goods who was imprisoned in Brest. He introduced Robert and Blaise to each other. A good-humored gangster, he spares Diane\\'s and Cyprienne\\'s lives in exchange for money. He is the only one who survives at the end of the story. After he escaped from penal colony, he lives on in Brittany with his dog as his only accomplice. he hopes that Robert and Blaise will share Penho\u00ebl\\'s fortune with him but is bitterly disappointed, so he gets on the right side of Pontal\u00e8s and then rejoins Robert and Blaise.\n<!-- -->\n: **The Marquess Basile de Pontal\u00e8s**. He belongs to a poor family who made a fortune during the French Revolution, in 1793. He becomes Robert\\'s accomplice as the latter thinks he can be useful to appropriate the estate. Pontal\u00e8s himself decides to use Robert to seize the whole estate. Although he is a cautious man, he is dragged by Robert into the \\\"murder\\\" of Diane and Cyprienne. His hate toward Penho\u00ebl became a kind of *id\u00e9e fixe* and he stabs Ren\u00e9 when Robert\\'s attention is diverted.\n<!-- -->","parent_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7:12","document_content":"# Les Belles-de-nuit ou Les Anges de la famille\n### Other characters\n: **Lola**, **The Marchioness d\\'Urgel**. Lola comes from the side streets of Paris. She used to dance \\\"on a tightrope not to be beaten\\\" before she was taken away by Robert. The relations between them are not unclear. They are not in love: Robert treats Lola almost like a slave and Lola is used to obeying him.\n<!-- -->\n: **The Count Alain de Pontal\u00e8s** is The Marquess\\'s son. He is described as a wicked and wayward young man. He is passionately in love with Lola and becomes her lover. Lola persuades him to challenge Montalt to a duel during which he will be killed.\n<!-- -->\n: **Fran\u00e7ois G\u00e9raud**. He is an inn-keeper of the town of Redon and a faithful servant to Penho\u00ebl. He naively tells Robert the story of the family because he thinks him to be a friend of Louis\\'s, then repents himself. He ruins himself to give Ren\u00e9 money and pay his debts. When the family is forced to leave the Manor, G\u00e9raud goes to Paris with them to help them, but is taken ill soon after.\n<!-- -->\n: **Mr.\u00a0Protais Le Hivain, aka Macrocephalic**. Le Hivain is a dubious lawyer. He is called Macrocephalic (i.e.\u00a0long-shaped head) by the schoolmaster of the village of Gl\u00e9nac and plays a double game. He seems to be a faithful servant to Penho\u00ebl and makes him run into debts. He lets Robert think he is his accomplice but is on Pontal\u00e8s\\'s side. He is eventually killed by Louis.\n<!-- -->","parent_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7:13","document_content":"# Les Belles-de-nuit ou Les Anges de la famille\n### Other characters\n: **Beno\u00eet Haligan**. He is a boatman, a bonesetter and a former Chouan. He is also psychic and slightly xenophobic, but he is faithful to Penho\u00ebl. His gifts for mediumship allow him to guess who Robert really is from the very moment when they meet. He slowly dies but only Diane and Cyprienne come and take care of him? He leaves them his whole fortune -- sixty one-hundred-livres coins. He predicts more than once that the three Penho\u00ebl girls will die and that Louis will come back too late, but hopes that he is mistaken. The night he is murdered by Robert de Blois, he sees the Penho\u00ebls coming back home in his ecstasy.\n\n#### Nicknames resulting from judicial slang\nRobert\\'s and Blaise\\'s nicknames (American and Sleepy-maker) result from the slang of the time. *Americain* (American) results from the *vol \u00e0 l\\'am\u00e9ricaine* (American stealing). The crook pretends to be rich (and coming from America, which was considered to be a kind of El Dorado). *Endormeur* (Sleepy-maker) was a nickname given to the thieves who would operate in trains, putting a narcotic in the passengers\\' drinks and then robbing them.\nPaul F\u00e9val\\'s novels are often about an heir who disappear several years before coming back. Yet there is an important difference between *Les Belles-de-nuit ou Les Anges de la famille* and some others stories. In *Le Bossu* or *Le Loup blanc*, the heirs disappear against their will: Lagard\u00e8re kidnaps Aurore de Nevers in order to protect her from Gonzague; Jean Blanc kidnaps Georges Treml after an attempted murder, but the child disappears once more --- kidnapped by a street acrobat. In *Les Belle-de-nuit*, Louis goes away willingly.","parent_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7:14","document_content":"# Les Belles-de-nuit ou Les Anges de la famille\n### Other characters\n#### Nicknames resulting from judicial slang\nLikeliness between the characters are also found in different novels by F\u00e9val. Diane and \u00c9tienne are as earnest as Lagard\u00e8re and Aurore, whereas Roger and Cyprienne are much more like the Marquess de Chaverny and Flor. S\u00e9id, Montalt\\'s manservant, symbolizes blind obedience; he never questions his master\\'s orders and takes decision only when the circumstances require such a behavior (like Jude Leker in *Le Loup blanc*). On the contrary, Beno\u00eet Haligan does not hesitate to show Ren\u00e9 that he disagrees with him when he thinks he must do it to protect his master.\n\n### Publication\nAfter the *Belles-de-nuit* were published in a newspaper, they were published in six volumes by a Belgian publisher in 1850. The novel will be published again in 1850, then in 1859, 1861, 1866 and 1874.\nIn the second 1850 publication, the novel is followed by *Miss Olivia* a short story by Paul F\u00e9val. 1859 and 1861 publication also contain the short story *Les Armuriers de Tol\u00e8de*, also by F\u00e9val.","parent_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7:15","document_content":"# Les Belles-de-nuit ou Les Anges de la famille\n### Publication\nIn the end of his life, converted to an uncompromising kind of Roman Catholicism. He rewrote most of his stories, including *Les Belles-de-nuit ou Les Anges de la famille* in 1887. The story is the same, but some passages are changed, cut or added, and the author wrote an epilogue in which he explains the fate of the main characters. Vincent marries Blanche and makes Penho\u00ebl\\'s estate thrive with help from his father Jean. \u00c9tienne and Diane settle in Paris and the painter lives on his talents without making use of the diamond Montalt gave his wife. The law having found that Pontal\u00e8s had seized Penho\u00ebl\\'s estate unlawfully, Roger de Launoy buy them back with Cyprienne\\'s dowry. But Marthe dies -- killed by the joy of seeing all those she thought dead and by the grieves she has endured for twenty years. Louis spends the rest of his life cherishing her memory, happy to see his own family happy. The end is thus a bit more dramatic because of F\u00e9val\\'s new ideas. He must have thought that Louis, after living with impiety, had to repent himself. Louis could only repent with Marthe\\'s dying.\nThe year before, the book had already been published again under another title: *L\\'Oncle Louis* (Uncle Louis).\nIn 1927 and 1928, the French publisher Albin Michel published the novel in three volumes:\n- *Diane et Cyprienne* Diane and Cyprienne (Part 1 + the first eight chapters of part 2)\n- *L\\'Aventurier* The Adventurer (end of part 2 + part 3 + the first five chapters of part 4)\n- *Les Filles de Penho\u00ebl* The Penho\u00ebl girls (end of part 4 + part 5).\nIn July 2011, Nabu Press published some parts of the novel.","parent_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7:16","document_content":"# Les Belles-de-nuit ou Les Anges de la famille\n### Discrepancies in the novel\nThere some discrepancies in the story -- in the description of the characters, in their age and in the date. At the beginning of the story, it is said that Louis went away fifteen years ago. The age of the characters is according to this statement: Diane are between fourteen and fifteen, Blanche is twelve, Vincent eighteen, Ren\u00e9, thirty-five\\... The other parts of the story take place three years later, but F\u00e9val writes that Louis went away twenty years ago and the age of the characters also changes: Diane and Cyprienne are nineteen, Blanche is seventeen etc.\nAs for Mr.\u00a0G\u00e9raud, the inn-keeper, he is first described as an old bachelor, then it is said that he was married even when he was cook on a boat.\nThe physical description of the characters also changes. When they are first described, it is said that Diane\\'s eyes are dark blue, while Cyprienne\\'s are dark. Later, Diane is said to have brown eyes and Cyprienne dark blue ones. Then Paul F\u00e9val changed his mind and made Beno\u00eet Haligan tell the twins: \\\"You have his Louis\\'s wide fiery eyes\\\" (\\\"*Vous avez ses grands yeux de feu*\\\"), meaning that Louis, Diane and Cyprienne have dark eyes.\nRen\u00e9 too is described differently in some parts of the story. It is first said that he has chestnut brown hair, then that his hair was blond and became white.\nAs for Marthe, F\u00e9val first describes her as a fair-haired woman, then writes \\\"her black let down hair\\\".\n\n### Stage adaptation\nThe very year of the beginning of the publication, the novel is adapted as play by Am\u00e9d\u00e9e Achard, Paul de Guerville and Paul F\u00e9val in 1849. Many changes occurred, more particularly in the number of characters and the end of the story.","parent_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7:17","document_content":"# Les Belles-de-nuit ou Les Anges de la famille\n### Translations\nThe novel was translated into several languages, more particularly once into Russian (*\u041d\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0446\u044b*, Beauties of the Night and twice into Gertman (*Die Nachtsch\u00f6nchen, oder: die Schutzengel der Familie*, Beauties of the Night, or the Guardian Angels of the Family, in 1850 and *Die Engel des Hauses*, The Angels of Home, in 1851).\n\n### Beauties of the night\nBeauties of the night (in Breton *Boked ar sterenn*, plural form *Bokidi ar sterenn*) are creatures of Breton folklore who remind one of the Willis. They are girls who died of a broken heart. Bretons also call \\\"Beauties of the night\\\" the *Mirabilis jalapa* and the stars.\nThe Beauties of the night in the story are Diane and Cyprienne de Penho\u00ebl, who are also named \\\"Angels of the Family\\\". Blanche may be called a Beauty of the night too, since she is nicknamed the \\\"Angel\\\" and Beno\u00eet Haligan always talks of the beauties of the night as if there were three of them.\nThe legend of the Beauties of the night gave birth to a Breton lament that Paul F\u00e9val rewrote in his novel.\nBreton lyrics\nLiteral English translation\nAdapted lyrics by Paul F\u00e9val\nTranslation of Paul F\u00e9val\\'s lyrics\n*Krennblac'hig, sterennig, bleu\u00f1vennig!*\nLittle flower, little star, little girl!\n*Anges de Dieu, qui souriez dans l\\'ombre, Blanches \u00e9toiles, vierges, fleurs, Vous qui des nuits semez le manteau sombre, Anges aim\u00e9s, Pour gu\u00e9rir nos terreurs\\...*\nYou angels of God, smiling into darkness, You white stars, virgins, flowers, You who sow night\\'s dark cloak, You beloved angels, To heal our fears\\...","parent_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7:18","document_content":"# Les Belles-de-nuit ou Les Anges de la famille\n### Beauties of the night\n*Ar boked ar sterenn a zo ar bleu\u00f1venn karet gant ar Werc'hez Mari. Ar bleu\u00f1venn bihan rosoc'h eget ar rozenn, gwennoc'h al lilienn, ken glas hag ar pers ar baradoz. Ar bleu\u00f1venn a stou, a-veure, he\u00f1vel ar gristennez a bed\\...*\nBeauty of the night is the Virgin\\'s Mary beloved flower. The little flower pinker than the rose, whiter than the lily, as blue as the azure of Paradise.The flower that bents in the morning, like the Christian woman praying\\...\n*Belle-de-nuit, fleur de Marie, La plus ch\u00e9rie De celles que l'ange avait mis Au paradis! Le frais parfum de ta corolle Monte et s'envole Aux pieds du Seigneur, dans le ciel, Comme un doux miel.*\nBeauty of the night, Mary\\'s flower, the dearest Of those the Angel had put In Paradise! The fresh fragrance of your corolla Goes up and flies away At the feet of the Lord in Heaven, like sweet honey.\n*Ar boked ar sterenn a zo ar sterenn bihan, diamant glan an ne\u00f1v. Ar sterenn a re kalon pa eer a-raok na karje an heol en hento\u00f9 riv adarre leun gant tasmanto\u00f9\\...*\nBeauty of the night is the little star, pure diamond of the sky. The star who gives courage when one is wending before sunrise in the cold paths, still full of ghosts\\...\n*`Belle-de-nuit, pourquoi ce voile, Petite \u00e9toile Que le grand nuage endormi Couvre \u00e0 demi? Montre-nous la vive \u00e9tincelle De ta prunelle, Qui semble au bleu du firmament Un diamant.`*","parent_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7:19","document_content":"# Les Belles-de-nuit ou Les Anges de la famille\n### Beauties of the night\nBeauty of the night, what for this veil, You little star That the large asleep cloud Half covers? Show us the bright flash Of your eye, That seems, in the blue of firmament A diamond.\n*Ar boked ar sterenn a zo ar grennblac'h yaouank marv, an hini goant, an hini zous! marv dre garantez\\... Ar paourkaezh plac'h disliv a ouel a-hed an dour hag amaint o selaou ar c'haloned trist selaont. An hini goant ha zous na oa nemet c'hwezek vloaz, siwazh! pa gouskjomp hi dindan al louzou\\... Gant an noz adre\u00f1v an haleg eo, gwisket holl e wenn evel ur vestrez. An avel-ma\u00f1 a glemmgan en ar branko\u00f9, he anal eo\\... Ar berlezenn ema\u00f1 oc'h ober lugern an heol mintinek war ar zelienn kouezhet, ur daer he faourkaezh daoulagad eo\\...*\nBeauty of the night is the dead young girl, she pretty and gentle! dead of a broken heart\\... The wretched pale girl who weeps along the river and that sad hearts listen to. The pretty and gentle one who was sixteen, alas! when we laid her out under grass\\... At night she is under the willows, dressed all in white like a fianc\u00e9e. This wind that complains in the branches is her breath\\... This pearl that the sun makes glint on the fallen leaf is a tear from her poor eyes\\...","parent_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7:20","document_content":"# Les Belles-de-nuit ou Les Anges de la famille\n### Beauties of the night\n*Belle-de-nuit, ombre gentille, \u00d4 jeune fille! Qui ferma tes beaux yeux au jour? Est-ce l'amour? Dis, reviens-tu sur notre terre Chercher ta m\u00e8re? Ou retrouver le lieu si doux Du rendez-vous?... C'est bien toi qu'on voit sous les saules: Blanches \u00e9paules, Sein de vierge, front gracieux Et blonds cheveux... Cette brise, c'est ton haleine, Pauvre \u00e2me en peine, Et l'eau qui perle sur tes fleurs, Ce sont tes pleurs...*\nBeauty of the night, you nice shade, O you, young girl! Who closed your eyes to daylight? Is it love? Tell me, do you come back in this world To looking for your mother? Or to see again the so sweet place Of the date?\\... It is you that one sees under the willow: White shoulders, Virginal breast, graceful brow And fair hair\\... This breeze is your breath, You wretched soul in torment, And the water that stands out on your flowers are your tears\\...","parent_id":"2aed261bca3e325a33d7","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"43c97732dac528300474:0","document_content":"# The Demon (novel)\n***The Demon*** is the third novel by Hubert Selby, Jr., first published in 1976.\nThe story of Harry White, a man haunted by lust and an insane need for sin and retribution.\nIt was Andy Kaufman's favorite book and he said of it, \"That's my mind in a nutshell.\"","parent_id":"43c97732dac528300474","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d49ea917f10f3c1ed517:0","document_content":"# Gardens of the Sun\n***Gardens of the Sun*** is a 2009 science fiction novel by Paul J. McAuley. It was initially published by Gollancz on November 19, 2009 as a sequel to the 2008 novel *The Quiet War*.\nAlthough *The Quiet War* and *Gardens of the Sun* can be read as standalone novels, taken together they form the two halves of the story of the \\\"Quiet War\\\" of the title. The primary conflict is between the radical environmentalism of the inner system, led by the new superpower governments (such as Greater Brazil) and the posthumanism of the Outers. Having narrowly avoided the destruction of Earth\\'s ecosystems, the feudal Greater Brazil attempted to return most of the planet to a \\\"natural\\\" state, to the extent that most of Earth\\'s population inhabits a few megacities. The Outers, by contrast, survive by terraforming the moons of Jupiter and the other outer planets and practicing genetic engineering, which caused ideological tension with Greater Brazil, ultimately flaring into a full-scale conflict called the \\\"Quiet War\\\".\nBy the time of *Gardens of the Sun*, the war is over. The surviving Outers have been forced to Uranus, Neptune and Pluto as the superpowers of Earth raid the moons of Jupiter and Saturn for Outer knowledge. However, Greater Brazil\\'s policies are starting to come apart under the strain of their inflexible opposition to change and democracy. The novel follows the major characters from *The Quiet War* in the aftermath, including the clone assassin Dave #8, ecologist Macy Minnot, Greater Brazilian diplomat Loc Ifrahim, and genetic engineer Sri Hong-Owen as they adjust to the new order of the solar system.","parent_id":"d49ea917f10f3c1ed517","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d49ea917f10f3c1ed517:1","document_content":"# Gardens of the Sun\nParts of the novel are modified versions of elements from the earlier short stories \\\"The Gardens of Saturn\\\", \\\"The Assassination of Faustino Malarte\\\", \\\"The Passenger\\\" and \\\"Dead Man Walking\\\".\nIn his review for the SF Site, Rich Horton recommended *The Quiet War* and *Gardens of the Sun* as \\\"among the best hard SF novels of recent years,\\\" giving particular praise to McAuley\\'s construction of the setting and politics. Adam Roberts found the ending of the novel to be its weakest aspect and excessively \\\"neat\\\" as well as noting that the books should be combined as an omnibus but concluded that the diptych \\\"is a very major work of contemporary science fiction, amongst the great genre achievements of the noughties, a long novel that will still be being read and remembered fifty years from now.\\\"","parent_id":"d49ea917f10f3c1ed517","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"4f85a1aab7b627afe869:0","document_content":"# Via Mala (novel)\n***Via Mala*** is a novel by the Swiss writer John Knittel, which was first published in 1934. After the disappearance of a tyrannical sawmill owner in a village in Switzerland, his family is widely suspected of having murdered him.\nThe title *Via Mala* refers to the Viamala, a historic route through the Rhine canyon in Switzerland. Literally, it means *bad path*. All main characters in the novel walk on a *bad path*, not only the miller Jonas Lauretz, but also his family, guilty or not, and even the judge.\nThe criminal story is based on a case of murder reported from the Oberm\u00fchle (Upper Mill) in Kirchensittenbach, Bavaria, in 1817.\nThe novel was turned into a film *Via Mala* directed by Josef von B\u00e1ky during the Nazi era. The film had a troubled production and was released only a month before the end of the Nazi regime. The film was remade in 1961 and a television adaptation *Via Mala* was broadcast in 1985.\n- O\\'Brien, Mary-Elizabeth. *Nazi Cinema as Enchantment. The Politics of Entertainment in the Third Reich*. Camden House, 2006.","parent_id":"4f85a1aab7b627afe869","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8ee9f11def1095c3d113:0","document_content":"# Taipei (novel)\n***Taipei*** is a 2013 novel by Tao Lin. It is his third novel.\nOn August 15, 2011, *The New York Observer* reported that Lin had sold his third novel, then titled *Taipei, Taiwan*, to Vintage. Lin\\'s agent, Bill Clegg, brokered the deal with editor Tim O\\'Connell based on \\\"a 5000-word excerpt and a \\~3-page outline\\\", for \\\"\\$50,000 with a \\$10,000 bonus if it earns out its advance.\\\" Lin reportedly chose Vintage after meeting with four other editors, including those at Little, Brown and Harper Perennial. Earlier that morning, the *Wall Street Journal* broke the news and briefly interviewed Lin on his decision. Lin said, \\\"Vintage\/Knopf publishes most of my favorite writers: Lorrie Moore, Ann Beattie, Bret Easton Ellis.\\\"\nOn February 1, 2013, *Entertainment Weekly* debuted the cover. The article also included an interview with Lin, who said, of the autobiographical nature of the book:\nWriting autobiographically is more difficult because I\\'m editing a massive first draft of maybe 25,000 pages---my memory---into a 250-page novel. It\\'s less difficult because I don\\'t need to write a 25,000-page first draft; it\\'s already there, in some form, as my memory. Related: I don\\'t view my memory as accurate or static---and, in autobiographical fiction, my focus is still on creating an effect, not on documenting reality---so \\\"autobiographical\\\", to me, is closer in meaning to \\\"fiction\\\" than \\\"autobiography.\\\"\nThe article did not comment on the cover, except to say that it was \\\"shiny.\\\" Thought Catalog, in an article titled \\\"The Cover For Tao Lin\\'s New Novel Looks Sweet,\\\" wondered how it would appear: \\\"The version online is a shiny gif. It will be interesting to see what the cover looks like on a physical copy.\\\"\nThe description on the back of the advance galleys, distributed in early January and notably including prescription pill bottles containing candy, stated:","parent_id":"8ee9f11def1095c3d113","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8ee9f11def1095c3d113:1","document_content":"# Taipei (novel)\n*Taipei* by Tao Lin is an ode\\--or lament\\--to the way we live now. Following Paul from New York, where he comically navigates Manhattan\\'s art and literary scenes, to Taipei, Taiwan, where he confronts his family\\'s roots, we see one relationship fail, while another is born on the internet and blooms into an unexpected wedding in Las Vegas. Along the way---whether on all night drives up the East Coast, shoplifting excursions in the South, book readings on the West Coast, or ill advised grocery runs in Ohio---movies are made with laptop cameras, massive amounts of drugs are ingested, and two young lovers come to learn what it means to share themselves completely. The result is a suspenseful meditation on memory, love, and what it means to be alive, young, and on the fringe in America, or anywhere else for that matter.\nOn February 25 Publishers Weekly, in a starred review, predicted *Taipei* would be Lin\\'s \\\"breakout\\\" book, calling it \\\"a novel about disaffection that\\'s oddly affecting\\\" and noting that \\\"for all its emotional reality, *Taipei* is a book without an ounce of self-pity, melodrama, or posturing.\\\"\nBret Easton Ellis tweeted praise for the novel soon after its release. Frederick Barthelme also voiced praise for the novel:\nTao Lin has made a distinctive career out of sticking to his guns, his guns being the ultra-high-res self-consciousness that characterizes our lives but which we routinely ignore in our lives and in our art. In Taipei he is a constant microscope, examining a world of miniature gestures, tiny facial movements, hands in motion, shrugs, nods, twists, ticks, flicks and snaps, a world in which the barrage of information we take in moment by moment is simultaneously cataloged, interpreted, cross-referenced, recorded, and filed.\nOn March 14 the *New York Observer* included *Taipei* in its \\\"Spring Arts Preview: Top Ten Books\\\", calling Lin \\\"an excellent writer of avant-garde fiction\\\" and *Taipei* \\\"his most mature work \\... Mr.\u00a0Lin has refined his deadpan prose style here into an icy, cynical, but ultimately thrilling and unique literary voice.\\\"","parent_id":"8ee9f11def1095c3d113","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8ee9f11def1095c3d113:2","document_content":"# Taipei (novel)\n*Taipei* was published on June 4. Early reviews were positive, including those from *New York Observer*, *Elle*, *The Globe And Mail*, and *Slate*. Mixed reviews included those from *New York Times* and *National Public Radio*, both of whose reviewers seemed to both \\\"love and hate\\\", as Dwight Garner said in his *New York Times* review, Lin\\'s book.\nIn The Daily Beast critic Emily Witt reviewed the book very positively:\nTaipei is exactly the kind of book I hoped Tao Lin would one day write. He is one of the few fiction writers around who engages with contemporary life, rather than treating his writing online as existing in opposition to or apart from the hallowed analog space of the novel. He\\'s consistently good for a few laughs and writes in a singular style already much imitated by his many sycophants on the Internet. Some people like Tao Lin for solely these reasons, or treat him as a sort of novelty or joke. But Lin can also produce the feelings of existential wonder that all good novelists provoke. His writing reveals the hyperbole in conversational language that we use, it seems, to make up for living lives where equanimity and well-adjustment are the most valued attributes, where human emotions are pathologized into illness: we do not fall in love, we become \\\"obsessed\\\"; we do not dislike, we \\\"hate\\\". We manipulate ourselves chemically to avoid acting \\\"crazy.\\\"\nClancy Martin, reviewing for *New York Times Book Review*, said:\nHere we have a serious, first-rate novelist putting all his skills to work. *Taipei* is a love story, and although it\\'s Lin\\'s third novel it\\'s also, in a sense, a classic first novel: it\\'s semi-autobiographical (Lin has described it as the distillation of 25,000 pages of memory) and it\\'s a bildungsroman, a coming-of-age story about a young man who learns, through love, that life is larger than he thought it was.\n*Taipei* was listed as a best or favorite book of 2013 by *Times Literary Supplement*, *Evening Standard* Slate, Vice, Complex, *Village Voice*, Bookforum, Buzzfeed, The Week, Salon, Maisonneuve, other venues.","parent_id":"8ee9f11def1095c3d113","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"8ee9f11def1095c3d113:3","document_content":"# Taipei (novel)\nA Spanish edition from Alpha Decay and a French edition from Au Diable Vauvert was published in January 2014. The French edition uses a variation of the English cover. A Romanian edition was published in 2019. Also forthcoming are Dutch, German, and Italian editions.\nA film adaptation written and directed by Jason Lester and starring Ellie Bamber, Justin Chon, Hannah Marks, Miles Robbins, and Katherine Reis was released under the title \u2033*High Resolution*\u2033 in October 2018 through Showtime.","parent_id":"8ee9f11def1095c3d113","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fe68d2010186c1ce1046:0","document_content":"# A Time to Die (Smith novel)\n***A Time to Die*** is a 1989 novel by Wilbur Smith. Set in 1987, it is chronologically the last of the 13 Courtney Novels. Smith did not regard it strictly as a Courtney novel, however, claiming \\\"it\\'s just got a Courtney name in it. It\\'s not in the mainstream of the series.\\\"\nThe story line had some similarities to Smith\\'s screenplay *The Last Lion* (1972).\nSet against the majesty of the African landscape, its great plains, swamplands, forests and mountains, A Time to Die is a story of courage and friendship, the thrill of the hunt, the savagery of war and the saving power of love.\nRetired guerrilla fighter Sean Courtney is over forty years old and facing the possibility of losing his professional hunting licence. His long-time friend and client Riccardo Monterro is approaching sixty and is hunting with Sean on his last safari accompanied by his beautiful twenty-six-year-old daughter Claudia. Hunting Tukutela, a grand old bull tusker who carries possibly the heaviest set of ivory in all of Africa the three of them along with an entourage of black trackers and gun bearers tenaciously follow the old bull across the border into war torn Mozambique.\nCaught up in the Mozambican Civil War Sean encounters one of his bitterest enemies from his guerrilla days and finds himself and his friends in a desperate struggle for survival.\nAmidst the horrors of war he falls in love with young Claudia and she likewise falls in love with him, but the trick is to get out of Mozambique alive so that they can enjoy their newfound love.","parent_id":"fe68d2010186c1ce1046","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1ab9148c3357e22cccf6:0","document_content":"# Jeunes filles en serre chaude\nCover, 1934\n\\'\\'\\'\\'\\'\\'\\'*\\' (*Young girls in a hothouse\\'\\') is a 1934 novel by the French author Jeanne Galzy. Its protagonists are young women at the \u00c9cole normale sup\u00e9rieure de jeunes filles in S\u00e8vres, a suburb of Paris, at the time a girls-only school. The school, which Galzy herself attended, trained girls especially as teachers for the secondary education system. The background for the events in the novel is the 50th anniversary of the secondary school system for women; it is one of many French novels and other (autobiographical) texts of the period in which authors\\' school and university experiences were recounted.\nFollowing *Burnt Offering* (1929) and *Les D\u00e9mons de la solitude* (1931), it is the third novel by Galzy (this one with a \\\"seductive title\\\") to explore lesbian desire. The intergenerational love in the novel (between a teacher, Gladys Benz, and a student, Isabelle, told from Isabelle\\'s point of view) is likewise a reflection of Galzy\\'s own experiences. The school was reputed to be a \\\"breeding ground of homosexual relationship\\\", and had earlier been the subject of a novel exploring same-sex desire, *Les S\u00e9vriennes* (1900) by Gabrielle Reval.\nLike most of Galzy\\'s novels, \\'*\\' is neglected by modern readers, though it did attract some attention at the time of publication. A French reviewer remarked that the novel shows that \\\"overworked brains\\\" sometimes fall prey to \\\"dangerous aberrations\\\". A brief note in*The Modern Language Journal*remarked that \\\"trivial but intensely human emotional reactions are realistically depicted\\\", and the 1935*New International Year Book\\'\\' warned that the students depicted in the book have a \\\"strong emotional reaction of an undesirable nature\\\". The book is no longer in print; passages from it were anthologized in a 1985 collection of erotic women\\'s literature.","parent_id":"1ab9148c3357e22cccf6","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"9421bcbf16e22f46cc7f:0","document_content":"# The Caxtons\n***The Caxtons: A Family Picture*** is an 1849 Victorian novel by Edward Bulwer-Lytton that was popular in its time.\nThe book was first serialized anonymously in *Blackwood\\'s Magazine* from April 1848 to October 1849, and first published in novel form (in three volumes) in Britain in 1849. In the United States, it was serialized in *Harper\\'s Magazine* (1850--53) and *Littell\\'s Living Age* (1850-52).\nThe novel was \\\"instantly popular\\\" in Britain and also sold 35,000 copies within three years of its release in the United States.\nA synopsis of the plot from a 1910 reference work states:\nThe Caxtons are Austin Caxton, a scholar engaged on a great work, \\\"The History of Human Error;\\\" his wife Kitty, much his junior; his brother Roland, the Captain, who has served in the Napoleonic campaigns; the two children of the latter, Herbert and Blanche; and Austin\\'s son, Pisistratus, who tells the story. The quiet country life of the family of Austin Caxton is interrupted by a visit to London. There Pisistratus, who has had a good school education, though he has not yet entered the university, is offered the position of secretary to Mr.\u00a0Trevanion, a leader in Parliament. Lady Ellinor, Mr.\u00a0Trevanion\\'s wife, was loved as a girl by Roland and Austin Caxton; but she had passed them both by to make a marriage better suited to an ambitious woman. By a freak of fate Pisistratus now falls in love with her daughter Fannie; and when he finds that his suit is hopeless, he gives up his position under Mr.\u00a0Trevanion, and enters Cambridge University, where his college course is soon closed by the financial troubles of his father. A further outline of this story would give no idea of its charm. The mutual affection of the Caxtons is finely indicated, and the gradations of light and shade make a beautiful picture. Never before had Bulwer written with so light a touch and so gentle a humor, and this novel has been called the most brilliant and attractive of productions. His gentle satire of certain phrases of political life was founded, doubtless, on actual experience.","parent_id":"9421bcbf16e22f46cc7f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"9421bcbf16e22f46cc7f:1","document_content":"# The Caxtons\nThe Caxtons are asserted to have descended from William Caxton, the first English printer. In the latter part of the novel, two characters emigrate to Australia, and emigration is positively depicted as a chance for redemption.\nPisistratus Caxton also serves as the nominal narrator of *My Novel* (1853) and *What Will He Do With It?* (1858).\nFrom the time of its release, comparisons of the work to *Tristram Shandy* were frequent, with a few commentators suggesting the borrowing was perhaps too much, but the former work can be ultimately seen more generally as an inspiration than a source text.\nThe *Stanford Companion to Victorian Fiction* (1989) states that the \\\"domestic milieu and easy-going narrative manner\\\" of *The Caxtons* stands in contrast to the author\\'s prior melodramatic works, and \\\"marks a turning point in Bulwer-Lytton\\'s career, and in Victorian fiction generally.\\\"\nThe description of Edgar Allan Poe in Rufus Wilmot Griswold\\'s negative and much-republished 1849 obituary of Poe is in part a lengthy quote of the description of the character Frances Vivian in *The Caxtons*. The passage was marked with quotes in the original obituary, but the quotes were omitted when later republished.","parent_id":"9421bcbf16e22f46cc7f","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"113c0af7d1fb97317d45:0","document_content":"# Avakasikal\n***Avakasikal*** (*The Inheritors*) is a Malayalam-language novel by Vilasini (M. K. Menon) published in 1980. It runs into 3958 pages, in four volumes, and is the second longest novel written in any Indian language after Jeymohan\\'s Tamil epic Venmurasu.\n*Avakasikal* is Vilasini\\'s fifth novel and was in the making for about 10 years. It was published by Sahithya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society, world\\'s first writers\\' co-operative, in 1980 and was soon taken up by critics and readers as an exceptional work of art. It was soon named one of the finest works in Malayalam literature and is now considered as Vilasini\\'s magnum opus. It won numerous awards including Sahitya Akademi Award and Vayalar Award. After remaining out-of-print for many years, Calicut-based Poorna Publications published the book in 2012.\nSet in Malaysia, the novel deals with Velunni Kurup, a septuagenarian self-made millionaire and a host to his greedy relatives who try to defraud him of his wealth. Krishnanunni, a leading lawyer and a close friend of Velunni Kurup is the protagonist of the novel. The novel depicts the minds of about ten persons belonging to four generations with great insight.\n- 1981: Sahitya Akademi Award\n- 1981: Odakkuzhal Award\n- 1983: Vayalar Award","parent_id":"113c0af7d1fb97317d45","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"99f1f6040962dfba8cc0:0","document_content":"# Tiger by the Tail (Coelho novel)\nFirst edition\n***Tiger by the Tail*** is a 2013 novel by Indian author Venita Coelho (also the author of the story collection *Dungeon Tales*). It has been illustrated by Priya Kuriyan and published by Hachette India. The novel tells the story of Rana, an eleven-and-a-half-year-old boy, who is on a mission to save the tigers from disappearing from various Indian forests.\nRana is eleven and a half years old, and is a sickly and allergic child. He has a grandfather who is an inventor, and who keeps trying to make various remedies for Rana\\'s problems, and also carries out experiments. But one day, he discovers a tiger on their doorstep, who demands breakfast and turns out to be Bagha, a friend of Rana\\'s grandfather. Rana discovers that he can speak to animals, and his parents had started an intelligence agency called the AIA (Animal Intelligence Agency). Its aim was to capture poachers and ensure protection for all sorts of wildlife. However, it was destroyed by an attack on the headquarters which killed Rana\\'s parents. Bagha has come to Rana\\'s grandfather to seek guidance as tigers are disappearing all over India. It is the dreaded enemy of all animals, the Taker, who is the poacher responsible for the death of Rana\\'s parents. Rana convinces Bagha to let him accompany him on his mission, as he desires revenge. After a misadventure involving notorious gangster called Muchchhad Master, they reach the Red Fort in Delhi, India, to seek a disgraced former agent of the AIA, called Kela, who was removed from duty after the Incident of the Exploding Mangoes. He leads them to Takl\u00e9, who is another criminal who keeps animals. From there, they learn they have to go to Kathmandu, where they meet a holy bull called Kaloji (Agent Number 27), who tells them that the Tigers are going to Tibet. After that follows a dangerous adventure to Tibet, where they are rescued from the extreme cold by the Yeti or the Abominable Snowman. From Tibet, they journey on to the Forbidden City, where they find another city underground. The missing tigers are all part of an operation to overthrow the governors of China and install the descendant of the last Emperor, \\'the General\\', on the throne. Using the tigers, he has taken a part of their genes to make an elixir which will make its user immortal. Rana manages to save the tigers, and by mistake, receives a shot of the elixir, which makes him immortal. But the General is not the last enemy to be defeated. The Taker is still at large, and when the final confrontation comes, it is much more terrible than Rana has ever thought.\nVenita Coelho is a writer and an artist who lives in Goa. She has had a career in television and is also a screenwriter. As an artist, she works on glass and canvas.","parent_id":"99f1f6040962dfba8cc0","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d9392be7fa9b896d1d17:0","document_content":"# Krindlekrax\n***Krindlekrax*** is a thriller children\\'s novel by author Philip Ridley. It was first published in 1991 by Jonathan Cape and republished in 1992 by Red Fox and then again in 2001 by Puffin Books where it is still in print.\nThe book won the Nestl\u00e9 Smarties Book Prize in 1991 in the 9 -- 11 age category. It was also selected by children aged 9 to 12 as the winner of the 1993 WH Smith Mind-Boggling Book Award.\nThe book became a Tellastory Audio Cassette in 1994 that was read by Rik Mayall.\nIn 2000, to celebrate the new millennium, Hachette Children\\'s Group published *Out of this world*, a collection of extracts from \\\"the best in 20th century children\\'s literature\\\". *Krindlekrax* was one of the books featured and appeared alongside such classics as Roald Dahl\\'s *Matilda* and J.K. Rowling\\'s *Harry Potter and the Philosopher\\'s Stone*.\nRidley adapted *Krindlekrax* into a stage play, which premiered at Birmingham Repertory Theatre in 2002.\nThe story takes place in a street called Lizard Street, located in a town with cracked pavements, scorched brickwork and bumps and holes in the roads. It centres around a 9-year-old boy named Ruskin Splinter, who is small and thin with thick glasses, red frizzy hair, knock-knees and a squeaky voice. He wants to be the hero of a school play, but everyone criticises him for his appearance and voice, and the role is instead given to Ruskin\\'s window-smashing former friend Elvis Cave. Ruskin\\'s special friend is the local school caretaker, Corky Pigeon, who tells him his experiences with the evil monster that lurks in the sewers and terrorises the street, a giant fire breathing crocodile named Krindlekrax.\nLater, Ruskin finds out from his drunken dad that everyone in Lizard Street was responsible for the monster getting into the sewers in the first place, and how it grew so big. Suddenly Corky unexpectedly dies, and everyone suspects it to be a heart attack, but Ruskin knows that Krindlekrax was responsible, and is angry with all of Lizard Street for allowing it to happen.","parent_id":"d9392be7fa9b896d1d17","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d9392be7fa9b896d1d17:1","document_content":"# Krindlekrax\nRuskin is so upset with Corky\\'s death that he can\\'t get out of bed, but many people bring him gifts and tell him the story of how Corky got a gold medal (that he later gave to Ruskin as a present) for saving Lizard Street. After this, Ruskin decides to save the street from the wrath of Krindlekrax once and for all.\nLater that night, Ruskin lures the monster out of the sewers, and tames it by throwing Corky\\'s medal in its mouth, banishing it to the sewers forever.\nAfter catching a terrible cold, Elvis can\\'t do the play any more, so Ruskin takes his place and it all goes well, but Elvis isn\\'t pleased and smashes all the windows in Lizard Street that he can in a tantrum. Ruskin stops Elvis\\' window smashing by bursting his ball and after a long talk, they become friends again.\nThe story ends with Ruskin saying how much he now loves his street.","parent_id":"d9392be7fa9b896d1d17","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d9392be7fa9b896d1d17:2","document_content":"# Krindlekrax\n- **Ruskin Splinter**: The main character who may look small and dorky, but proves to be quite a hero.\n- **Krindlekrax**: The monster who lurks under the sewers of Lizard Street. It was once an infant crocodile but grew into a fierce fire breathing monster.\n- **Wendy Splinter**: Ruskin\\'s mother who loves toast and tea and says \\\"Polly Wolly Doodle all the Day!\\\" when she gets flustered.\n- **Winston Splinter**: Ruskin\\'s father, a fired zookeeper who is always complaining and saying \\\"It\\'s not my fault!\\\" and \\\"Don\\'t interfere!\\\"\n- **Elvis Cave**: The big and loud school bully who wears an American footballer\\'s outfit and breaks windows (even when he sleepwalks), he was once Ruskin\\'s friend but grew jealous of him when he became friends with Corky.\n- **Sparkey Walnut**: A timid boy who wears a baseball player\\'s outfit. He was once Ruskin\\'s friend but became Elvis\\' follower after he grew so tall and always said \\\"Yes Sir!\\\" to everything he said.\n- **Corky Pigeon**: An elderly man who was once a sewer maintenance man, but later became the caretaker at St George\\'s school. He loved chocolate biscuits and shared a lot in common with Ruskin about plays.\n- **Mr.\u00a0Lace**: The school teacher who enjoys sucking pencils and gets hysterical whenever William Shakespeare\\'s name is mentioned.\n- **Dr.\u00a0Flowers**: A man who always has his pockets full of tissues to help with his hay-fever, which causes him to sneeze at regular intervals.\n- **Mr.\u00a0Flick**: A smart suited man who owns the cinema in Lizard Street.\n- **Mrs.\u00a0Walnut**: Sparkey\\'s mother who owns the greengrocers shop and always smells of potatoes.\n- **Mr.\u00a0and Mrs.\u00a0Cave**: Elvis\\' parents who own the Dragon and the Golden Penny pub and seem to do nothing about their son\\'s window smashing.","parent_id":"d9392be7fa9b896d1d17","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d9392be7fa9b896d1d17:3","document_content":"# Krindlekrax\nPhilip Ridley (himself an acclaimed playwright) adapted the novel into a stage play for children. The play premiered at Birmingham Rep, where it was performed from 20 -- 29 June 2002. The production transferred to the Nottingham Playhouse where it played 4 -- 20 July the same year.\n**Premiere**\nOn 20 June 2002 at The Birmingham Repertory Theatre, Birmingham.Directed by Anthony Clark.\n- Ruskin Splinter -- Gregor Henderson-Begg\n- Wendy Splinter -- Maria Gough\n- Winston Splinter -- Jamie Newall\n- Corky Pigeon -- Alan Rothwell\n- Elvis Cave -- David Florez\n- Mr Cave -- Nick Stringer\n- Mrs Cave -- Joy Aldridge\n- Sparkey Walnut -- Sushil Chudasama\n- Dr Flowers -- John Flitcroft\n- Mr Lace -- David Kendall\n- Mrs Walnut -- Bharti Patel\n- Mr Flick -- Trevor Thomas\n**Publication of script**\nThe script was published by Faber and Faber in 2002. However, the text became out of print due to Ridley leaving Faber and Faber in 2005 as a result of their refusal to publish his controversial stage play for adults *Mercury Fur*. Because of this Ridley then moved along with his back catalogue of plays to Methuen Drama, where many of them were republished, but not *Krindlekrax*. On 23 September 2016 Samuel French Ltd.\u00a0announced on their Twitter page that 17 of Ridley\\'s plays had been added to their catalogue to purchase performance rights to. Amongst the plays were *Kridlekrax*, the script of which has been republished by Samuel French in an \\\"acting edition\\\", after many years of being out of print.\nIt was revealed in 2005 that Ridley was working on a film adaptation of *Krindlekrax*. In 2012 Ridley\\'s agent, Knight Hall Agency Ltd, wrote on their website that \\\"THE SUMMER OF 76 an adaptation of his own widely-acclaimed children's book KRINDLEKRAX is in development\\\".","parent_id":"d9392be7fa9b896d1d17","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d9392be7fa9b896d1d17:4","document_content":"# Krindlekrax\nA potential film by Philip Ridley called *The Summer Of \\'76* had previously been included as part of the line-up of the CineMart project market in 2003. CineMart is a event where film professionals can network and find \\\"money for projects to be realized either through co-production or any other means\\\" for films that are at various stages of development. The production company Kennedy Mellor Ltd were listed as being attached to the possible film. Development on this film might have began as early as 2001 because in June 2001 money was charged between Kennedy Mellor Ltd and the Childrens\\'s Film and Television Foundation Limited for \\\"All the company\\'s rights title and interest in the literary and artistic work by philip ridley entitled \\\"krindlekrax\\\" including: treatment and screenplays\\\".\nIn late 2019 reference to the development of the film was removed from Ridley\\'s page on the Knight Hall Agency website.","parent_id":"d9392be7fa9b896d1d17","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5aaddc9350a8736bdf3c:0","document_content":"# A Winter in Majorca\nManuscript page of the novel.\n***A Winter in Majorca*** (whose original title in French is ***Un hiver \u00e0 Majorque***) is an autobiographical travel novel written by George Sand, at the time in a relationship with Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Chopin. Although published in 1842, it appeared for the first time in 1841 in the *Revue des deux Mondes*.\nIn the novel, Sand relates the details of her trip and stay with Chopin on the island of Majorca, due to the illness of the pianist. Sand, Chopin, and Sand\\'s two children stayed in the charterhouse of Valldemossa for a few months, from the end of 1838 until February 1839, during which time they hoped that Chopin\\'s tuberculosis would improve. However, the winter was hard and his health did not improve, and so they quickly returned to Barcelona, and eventually to Marseille and then Paris.\n- George Sand\n- Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Chopin\n- Valldemossa Charterhouse\n<!-- -->\n- \n- \n-","parent_id":"5aaddc9350a8736bdf3c","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5ddfdb10beae939255c6:0","document_content":"# Hire Manik Jale\n***Hire Manik Jale*** () is a Bengali adventure novella written by Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay published in 1946.\nSushil, a brave Bengali boy meets Jamatullah and goes to an adventure to an island of Dutch East Indies with Sanat and Jamatullah, where they find a cave and many diamonds and other precious stones. But unfortunately dangers await for them there.\n- Sushil\n- Jamatullah\n- Sanat\n- Yaar Hossein","parent_id":"5ddfdb10beae939255c6","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b3e6a1db3989da845d4a:0","document_content":"# La Mare au Diable\n***La Mare au Diable*** (*The Devil\\'s Pool*) is an 1846 novel by George Sand.\nThe novel is first in a series of four pastoral novels by Sand, based on her childhood; it was followed by *Fran\u00e7ois le Champi* (1847--1848), *La Petite Fadette* (1849), and *Les Beaux Messieurs de Bois-Dor\u00e9* (1857).\nThe P\u00e8re Maurice is talking to Germain, his 28-year-old young son-in-law, about Germain taking a new wife. Germain has been a widower for two years, and his wife left behind three young children. (P\u00e8re means Father and is used in ancient oral Language.) Maurice wants Germain to go visit his friend, P\u00e8re Leonard, at a farm about half a day\\'s ride away, to visit Leonard\\'s daughter, a rich widow who is looking to remarry. Her name is Catherine Guerin and it appears she is a good person. Germain does not really want to remarry, but Maurice tells him that two years is long enough to be in mourning, that he is grateful for Germain having been good to his daughter, and that the children need a mother. He and his wife cannot continue to take care of the three young children, and his son and daughter-in-law are expecting a baby, so will not be able to help. Germain finally agrees. Maurice tells Germain to take a present of game to Leonard and the widow and to leave Saturday, spend the night at the widow\\'s farm, and come back on Sunday.\nHe leaves with his son, Pierre, and Mary, a young and beautiful 16 year old girl who needs to find a job in town. They stop near the Mare au Diable and spend the night. Germain and Mary begin to fall in love with each other, but neither shows it. The next morning Germain goes to see the widow and leaves his son with Mary. When he comes to fetch him, disappointed by the widow, he learns that Mary has fled her employer (who tried to rape her) with Pierre. Germain finds them both at the Mare au Diable and they all go back to the village.\nSeveral months passes. They don\\'t talk to each other.","parent_id":"b3e6a1db3989da845d4a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"b3e6a1db3989da845d4a:1","document_content":"# La Mare au Diable\nThey finally talk to each other, find out they\\'re both in love, and marry.\nThe novel (specifically, its opening scene) is supposed to have been the inspiration for Rosa Bonheur\\'s 1849 painting *Ploughing in the Nivernais*.\nA contrasexual, queer reading of the novel was offered by James Hamilton, who suggested that, rather than see Germain as a projection of a male author, Marie could profitably be regarded as an ego-heroine; according to Hamilton, such a reading offers a better explanation of the title (and its explicit reference to a female element, water) and greater depth for Marie\\'s two suitors.\nThe novel has been translated into English seven times between 1847 and 2005, more than any other Sand novel.","parent_id":"b3e6a1db3989da845d4a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"9184e4ae1d3c2d9ab02b:0","document_content":"# The Song of Everlasting Sorrow (novel)\n***The Song of Everlasting Sorrow*** is a novel written by the contemporary Chinese author Wang Anyi. Widely considered to be one of her best works, this story follows the life and romantic encounters of a woman in a changing Shanghai, spanning roughly four decades of the twentieth century.\n*The Song of Everlasting Sorrow* was adapted into a 2005 film titled *Everlasting Regret*, and a 2006 TV series titled *To Live to Love*.\n-","parent_id":"9184e4ae1d3c2d9ab02b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"9184e4ae1d3c2d9ab02b:1","document_content":"# The Song of Everlasting Sorrow (novel)\nThe novel has also been translated into Vietnamese by S\u01a1n L\u00ea (as *Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eadn ca*), into Korean by Yu Byeong-rye (as *\uc7a5\ud55c\uac00*), into French by Yvonne Andr\u00e9 and St\u00e9phane L\u00e9v\u00eaque (as *Le chant des regrets \u00e9ternels*), into Spanish by Carlos Oss\u00e9s Torr\u00f3n (as *La canci\u00f3n de la pena eterna*), into Italian by Maria Rita Masci (as *La canzone dell\\'eterno rimpianto*), into Russian by Maria V. Semenyuk (as *\u041f\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044c \u043e \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0435*) and into Serbian by Ivana Elezovi\u0107 (as *Pesma o ve\u010dnoj seti*).\nThe novel has the same name as the poem written by one of the most famous poets in the Tang Dynasty, Bai Juyi, about the romance and tragic death of the beautiful imperial consort Yang Yuhuan. This novel was initially published in instalments in the 1995 issue of *Zhong shan* magazine and was soon after published as a novel. Initially, the novel did not arouse much interest in the public until it was awarded the prestigious Mao Dun Literature Prize in 2000. After this recognition, the novel received further awards and saw an increase in sales and popularity across China. Despite many literary critics identifying Wang\\'s novel with a wave of nostalgia that China experienced, she denies having written the novel with a sentimentality for Old Shanghai in mind, stating that she \\\"has simply used Old Shanghai as a literary resource, as a setting for the plot and as a means to imbue the plot with a certain dramatic intensity.\\\" In a 1996 article published in *Du shu* magazine, scholar Wang Dewei proclaimed Wang Anyi the literary successor of Eileen Chang, as he drew parallels between the novel and Chang\\'s work. Regarding this comparison, Wang acknowledged that they both \\\"share an interest in the minutiae of everyday life\\\", but feels that she herself focuses more on social realities, while Chang moves between reality and the illusory world \\\"in an almost nihilistic way.\\\"\nWang Anyi's *The Song of Everlasting Sorrow* tells the story of a gorgeous Shanghai woman named Wang Qiyao. The timeline of the novel spans from 1946 to 1986, and is separated into three parts. Everything begins with the title of \"Miss Shanghai\". After being discovered by an amateur photographer, Wang Qiyao competes in the 1946 Miss Shanghai beauty pageant. She becomes the second runner-up and is awarded the title \\\"Miss Third Place\\\", marking a moment of stardom in her life that she clings to for the following years after. Starting with Director Li, Wang Qiyao experiences several romantic, yet fleeting relationships throughout her life. When she is middle-aged, Wang Qiyao falls in love with a 26 year old young man called \"Old Colour\", but their relationship eventually comes to an end despite Wang Qiyao\\'s desperation to hold on to it. In the end she is murdered by the scam artist \"Long Legs\" because of his desire to steal her hidden stash of gold bars. Wang Qiyao\\'s final moments seem to echo a similar scene from her youth. Wang Qiyao is a graceful and gorgeous woman who has experienced five relationships but never found true love. *The Song of Everlasting* *Sorrow* is a tragic love story, and the writer Wang Anyi uses the main character, Wang Qiyao, to show the change of Shanghai through the 1940s' to the 1980s'.","parent_id":"9184e4ae1d3c2d9ab02b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"9184e4ae1d3c2d9ab02b:2","document_content":"# The Song of Everlasting Sorrow (novel)\n- **Wang Qiyao** () is the tragic heroine of the novel. She was born in Shanghai in around 1930. A young beauty obsessed with the glitz and glamour of Hollywood, Wang entered the 1946 \\\"Miss Shanghai\\\" pageant, winning third place, which marked the pinnacle of her life. Over the next four decades, Wang struggled furtively to cling to that glorious moment, all the while carrying on numerous fleeting and largely secretive romances. Her sexual partners included one (Director Li) more than twice her age and one (\\\"Old Colour\\\") less than half her age. However, Wang was never able to maintain any romantic relationship or non-romantic friendship, just as she failed to bond with her own parents and daughter (Weiwei). Wang was murdered in 1986 by a scam artist (\\\"Long Legs\\\") whom she had befriended.\n- **Wu Peizhen** () was once Wang Qiyao\\'s best friend in high school. She was ugly and had no friend besides Wang, so she did everything to please Wang, including taking Wang to a film set where her cousin worked. They visited the set many times, but after Wang\\'s failed screen test their relationship inexplicably cooled largely due to Wang\\'s oversensitiveness. Despite that, Wu\\'s affection towards Wang remained basically unchanged. During her last visit to see Wang in 1948 (on the eve of the Shanghai Campaign), she announced that she had married an affluent man and offered to take Wang with her family to Hong Kong. Wang was very touched but refused. That was their last encounter.\n- **Mr.\u00a0Cheng** was an amateur photographer who became infatuated with Wang Qiyao after photographing her in his apartment in 1945. An exceedingly nice but shy man, Cheng was too afraid to confess his love for Wang, and Wang thought of him only as a \\\"last resort\\\". Jiang Lili, however, fell for him, but their relationship went nowhere as he wasn\\'t able to get over Wang. In the early 1960s, Cheng took care of Wang and her newborn dutifully like he was the new father. Wang was ready to accept him in her life, but Cheng was afraid of making a move and stopped visiting Wang. In 1966 during the Cultural Revolution, Cheng was accused of being a \\\"Capitalist roader\\\" and was locked up by Red Guards for a month, after which he committed suicide by jumping from his studio on the Bund. He was 44.\n- **Jiang Lili** () was Wang Qiyao\\'s best friend in high school after Wang\\'s fall out with Wu Peizhen. A romantic and idealist, Jiang was sentimental and socially awkward. Her father and younger brother were barely in her life, and she disliked her mother, her eventual husband Mr.\u00a0Zhang, his rural family, and even their 3 sons who resembled her husband too much. The only 2 people she ever liked were Wang and Cheng, but due to their complicated love triangle, their relationships brought her nothing more than sorrow. After the Chinese Communist Revolution, she turned her devotion to the Communist Party of China, but was denied membership because of her \\\"bourgeois\\\" background. In 1965, liver cancer ended her unhappy and unfulfilled life.\n- **Director Li** was an influential person in the Kuomintang National Revolutionary Army. He saw Wang Qiyao first during the \\\"Miss Shanghai\\\" pageant and later at a banquet, and although not instantly enamoured, found her interesting. After a few meals together, he rented out a place for her in the luxurious Alice Apartments, essentially claiming her as his mistress (he already had 3 wives). With the Chinese Civil War raging on, Li was extremely busy and rarely in Shanghai, but they truly loved each other in spite of a large age difference. In 1948, his spirits became increasingly despondent after successive military defeats. Knowing the inevitability of a Communist victory, he cautioned Wang to never acknowledge their relationship and left her a few gold bars for the future. He died in a plane crash that year.\n- **\\\"Deuce\\\"** () was the second son of a tofu supplier in Wu Bridge (\u90ac\u6865, at that time a rural town, now in Fengxian District, Shanghai). A graduate of a Kunshan school, \\\"Deuce\\\" planned to attend college in Nanjing but was stuck in Wu Bridge due to the 1949 Communist Revolution. He looked down on the rustic Wu Bridge natives. When Wang Qiyao arrived, her different demeanour and Shanghai background filled his heart with imagination and desire. He treated Wang like an idol, visited her often and brought her books to read. Although Wang regarded his affection as merely puppy love, \\\"Deuce\\\" was convinced that if he worked hard he would be good enough for her hand one day, and hurriedly departed for Shanghai to realize this dream. He wasn\\'t heard from since.\n- **Madame Yan** was a housewife in Peace Lane, where Wang Qiyao moved into in the 1950s. She had led a luxurious life because Mr.\u00a0Yan had owned a factory before the Communist Revolution. Madame Yan had little responsibility at home, so she visited Wang often as they both enjoyed clothes and fashion. She introduced Wang to her cousin Kang Mingxun, and the trio frequently played mahjong during the Anti-Rightist Movement (1957--1959) along with Sasha. Madame Yan thought Wang had been a taxi dancer, and viewed her with both jealousy and disdain, so their friendship was never extremely close. When she discovered Wang\\'s relationship with Kang, she informed Kang\\'s family, after which she fell out with Wang. However, she attended the wedding of Wang\\'s daughter Weiwei in 1984.\n- **Kang Mingxun** () was a cousin of Madame Yan. A jobless college graduate, he lived off his wealthy father. The son of a concubine, he had to call his father\\'s principal wife \\\"Mother\\\" and his biological mother \\\"Second Mother\\\" per strict family rules. Kang was thus keenly aware of the familial pressure on him. When he fell in love with Wang, a woman with a questionable past, he knew their romance would be forbidden. Still they consummated their love, and Wang became pregnant. Wang tried to resolve the issue by sleeping with Sasha and blaming him for the pregnancy, so as to relieve Kang of his responsibility. Kang visited Wang a few times after the childbirth, even resumed their lovemaking, but there was no more love. Soon he dropped off from Wang\\'s life.\n- **Sasha** (, ) was of both Chinese and Russian parentage. After his father\\'s death, his Russian mother returned to the Soviet Union and remarried. Without a family or a job, Sasha wandered aimlessly, hanging out with both Chinese and Russians to fill his emptiness. He befriended Kang Mingxun from playing contract bridge, and came with him to Wang Qiyao\\'s apartment for mahjong, almost always empty-handed. After Wang was impregnated by Kang in 1961, she decided to claim Sasha the father due to his special status as \\\"Heir of the Revolution\\\", so she began to have sex with him even though there was no love between them. Soon after discovering her pregnancy, Sasha went to Beijing ostensibly to meet his Russian aunt, never to return.\n- **Weiwei** () was the illegitimate daughter of Wang Qiyao, born in 1961. Her father was Kang Mingxun, who was not part of her life. Instead, Weiwei was told that her father had died in Siberia, and it didn\\'t bother her much. Weiwei grew up in her mother\\'s shadow and always felt inadequate, constantly wary that Wang Qiyao would steal her thunder and even boyfriend. With the end of the Cultural Revolution in 1976 and the beginning of the Chinese economic reform in 1978, Weiwei closely followed fashion changes so as to outshine her mother, whom she often argued with except when she needed money. Aside from fashion, Weiwei had few pursuits in life. She got married in 1984, and a year later joined her husband in America.\n- **Zhang Yonghong** () was Weiwei\\'s former classmate and best friend. From a poor family with a tubercular mother and older sister, Zhang was anorexic yet very pretty. She also possessed a great sense of fashion, and it was fashion that she frequently discussed with Wang Qiyao. Suffering from low-esteem in spite of many pursuers, she changed boyfriends fast, never committing herself to any of them. Once she reached marriage age she intended to marry someone rich so that she would no longer remain in poverty. For this reason she stuck with \\\"Long Legs\\\", who spent money on her like nobody\\'s business---completely unaware that he was a scam artist even poorer than her.\n- **\\\"Old Colour\\\"** (; Shanghainese: Lau2 Kheh4 Lah4) was a gym teacher who interested himself in older things, especially the \\\"old Shanghai\\\" before 1949. Before Wang Qiyao, he never had a girlfriend, spending most of his free time on old jazz records or on the roof alone. That changed when he met Wang, who exuded a nostalgic air he found irresistible. He began frequenting her apartment to learn about the past. When they finally had sex, he was 26, and she around 55. It was then that \\\"Old Colour\\\" realized he did not love Wang---his obsession with the past was just a manifestation of loneliness---but Wang desperately wanted to hold on to him. Her pleading backfired, and \\\"Old Colour\\\"---who was afraid of commitment---left her for good.\n- **\\\"Long Legs\\\"** () was Zhang Yonghong\\'s last stable boyfriend. He lived in the slum with his migrant family and exchanged currencies on the black market for profit, mostly at night. Despite his destitution, he posed as someone from a millionaire household, frequently footing bills for others and buying expensive gifts for Zhang and Wang Qiyao. A skilled con artist, he lied about almost everything with much success---for a time. His spending habits obviously unsustainable, \\\"Long Legs\\\" began cheating his clients, and eventually murdered Wang in 1986 when she exposed him during a bungled burglary. Wang was the only one suspecting his double-life as Zhang, described as relatively worldly-wise, knew nothing about him and even believed him marriage material.\n- 1998 **4th Shanghai Literary and Art Award**\n- 1999 **Top 100 Works of Chinese Fiction in the 20th century** (39th) --- list published by *Yazhou Zhoukan*\n- 1999 **Top 10 Books of the 1990s** --- list published by *China Times*\n- 2000 **10 Most Influential Works of the 1990s** --- list published by *Wenhui Bao*\n- 2000 **5th Mao Dun Literature Prize**","parent_id":"9184e4ae1d3c2d9ab02b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"9184e4ae1d3c2d9ab02b:3","document_content":"# The Song of Everlasting Sorrow (novel)\nIn addition, the English translation was awarded Honorable Mention at the 6th Lois Roth Award (for translation of a literary work) in 2009 by the Modern Language Association.\n- *Everlasting Regret*, a 2005 film directed by Stanley Kwan, starring Sammi Cheng as Wang Qiyao and main actors Tony Leung, Daniel Wu, Jun Hu...\n- *To Live to Love*, a 2006 TV series directed by Ding Hei, starring Huang Yi (who portrayed Weiwei in the film version) as the younger Wang Qiyao, and Maggie Cheung Ho-yee as the older Wang Qiyao\nBoth adaptations differ significantly from the original, especially the film version. In both versions, Mr.\u00a0Cheng survived the Cultural Revolution and figured prominently in Wang Qiyao\\'s later life.\nAs early as 2003, the novel was also adapted for stage by Zhao Yaomin (who later co-wrote the teleplay for *To Live to Love*). The first performance at the Shanghai Drama Art Center starred Zhang Lu as Wang Qiyao.\n- \n- Yun, Wu (2012). \"Co-existence of Defamiliarization and Readability: A Probe into The Song of Everlasting Sorrow\" *Foreign Language Learning Theory and Practice 4,* <https:\/\/wap.cnki.net\/touch\/web\/Journal\/Article\/GWJX201204014.html>\n- Schneider, Nancy (2010). \"The Song of Everlasting Sorrow: Wang Anyi\\'s Tale of Shanghai\". *University of Kansas* <https:\/\/kuscholarworks.ku.edu\/handle\/1808\/7902>\n- Bernstein, Lisa (2020) \"Wang Anyi's Song of Everlasting Sorrow\". *Revealing\/Reveiling Shanghai: Cultural Representations from the Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries, 83.*\n- Martin-Enebral, Elena (2017) From Nostalgia to Reflection: An Exploration of *The Song of Everlasting Sorrow* by Wang Anyi, Chinese Literature Today, 6:2, 43-51, DOI: 10.1080\/21514399.2017.1375284","parent_id":"9184e4ae1d3c2d9ab02b","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7c160dc774e70297b996:0","document_content":"# Les Chemins de Katmandou\n***Les Chemins de Katmandou*** (\\\"the roads to Kathmandu\\\") is a 1969 novel by the French writer Ren\u00e9 Barjavel. It tells the story of a man who joins a group of hippies who live and travel in Nepal, where they take drugs and practice free love in the belief that it will free them from materialism, only to meet disappointment.\nThe novel was the adaptation of the 1969 film *The Pleasure Pit*, directed by Andr\u00e9 Cayatte and starring Renaud Verley and Jane Birkin. The film had 1,635,664 admissions in French cinemas.","parent_id":"7c160dc774e70297b996","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"fc58c8d82031ecf4ae27:0","document_content":"# The Immortals (Barjavel novel)\n***The Immortals*** () is a 1973 novel by the French writer Ren\u00e9 Barjavel. It tells the story of a grand conspiracy between world leaders in order to hide the existence of a contagious virus which makes humans immortal. It was published in English in 1974, translated by Eileen Finletter.\nThe book received the Prix Maison de la Presse. It was adapted into the 1989 television serial *Le grand secret*, directed by Jacques Tr\u00e9bouta.","parent_id":"fc58c8d82031ecf4ae27","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a9dc4014427b3ffd4119:0","document_content":"# Future Times Three\n***Future Times Three*** () is a 1944 novel by the French writer Ren\u00e9 Barjavel. It tells the story of two scientists who invent a substance which if swallowed allows a man to time travel. They travel to the future, where humanity has branched into different species with their own particular tasks. The book was published in English in 1958, translated by Margaret Sansone Scouten.\n*Future Times Three* is the first novel to present the famous grandfather paradox of time travel.\nThe book was adapted into the 1982 film *Le Voyageur imprudent*. The film was directed by Pierre Tchernia and stars Jean-Marc Thibault and Thierry Lhermitte.","parent_id":"a9dc4014427b3ffd4119","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"31a439d854cbada84595:0","document_content":"# The Tragic Innocents\n***The Tragic Innocents*** () is a 1946 novel by the French writer Ren\u00e9 Barjavel. It tells the story of two teenagers, Jean Tarendol and Marie Margherite, who fall in love in occupied France during World War II. The story is set in an imaginary region inspired by the author\\'s native Dr\u00f4me. The book was published in English in 1948, translated by Eithne Wilkins.\n*Kirkus Reviews* wrote: \\\"This is a story of young love, set in war-time France, poetic, passionately written, with much of beauty \\-- and yet with an aura of unreality, which perhaps is intentional, in keeping with the mood of the lovers. \\... An odd blend of sophistication, of Gallic outspokenness, with a simplicity, almost a naivete, makes this unique in its field. Beautifully translated by Eithne Wilkins, the English text loses nothing of the grace of language.\\\"\nThe novel was adapted into a 1980 television serial with the same title directed by Louis Grospierre. The serial ran in four episodes starring Jacques Penot as Jean, Florence Pernel as Marie and Daniel G\u00e9lin as Bazalo.","parent_id":"31a439d854cbada84595","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"e858318d088798ea7fed:0","document_content":"# Die sch\u00f6ne Wilhelmine\n***Die sch\u00f6ne Wilhelmine*** (\\\"the beautiful Wilhelmine\\\") is a 1965 novel by the German writer Ernst von Salomon. It tells the story of the romance between the Prussian king Friedrich Wilhelm II and his mistress Wilhelmine Encke during the second half of the 18th century.\nLouis Ferdinand, Prince of Prussia, reviewed the book in *Der Spiegel*: \\\"The author views his novel\\'s hero and heroine completely from their own period. This succeeds in a masterly manner. All recurring characters are presented to us as full-blooded people.\\\" The prince continued: \\\"Puritanically inclined readers will problably not enjoy this material with too much pleasure. However, the meticulous erotic passages at the start could also repel some jaded readers. But as the action progresses these descriptions become more and more peripherical and negligible.\\\"\nThe book was adapted into a ZDF television serial with the same title. It was directed by Rolf von Sydow and broadcast in four episodes in September 1984.","parent_id":"e858318d088798ea7fed","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"f29b1f59d1471e2e8cbe:0","document_content":"# Khirer Putul\n***Khirer Putul*** () is a children\\'s fantasy novel written by Abanindranath Tagore in 1896. Khirer Putul is considered a masterpiece and landmark by writers in Bengali language children\\'s literature. Khirer Putul is a simple and touching tale about the sugar doll, the fate of Duorani and a tricky and extraordinary monkey. Aadi Brahmosamaj press first published this book. Later on, it was translated into other languages. The story was adapted into a film of the same name by Indian writer and director Purnendu Pattrea in 1976. *Khirer Putul*, an Indian television soap opera based on the novel aired on Zee Bangla in 2020.\nIt was also adapted into a play by the Indian theatre group Nandikar in 2017, with Anindita Chakraborty as its director.\nThe king of Deepnagar had two queens Suo Rani and Duo Rani. The king gave Suo Rani 7 palaces, 700 female slaves, best ornaments from 7 kingdoms, 7 gardens, 7 chariots. He neglected Duo Rani and gave her a broken home, a deaf and dumb maid, torn clothes and a dirty bed.\nThe work has been translated into several languages:\n- French -- *La poup\u00e9e de fromage*\n- Swedish -- *Ostdockan*\n- English -- *The Make-Believe Prince*\nAbanindranath who was Rabindranath Tagore\\'s nephew found this story in Mrinalini Devi\\'s diary after her death. The novel is based on the story written in her diary. The illustrations were done by Abanindranath Tagore.\nAccording to scholar Sanjay Sircar, the tale can be classified in the Aarne-Thompson-Uther Index as tale type ATU 459, \\\"The Make-Believe Son (Daughter)\\\", a tale type \\\"widespread throughout North India and other Asian areas, but never found in Europe\\\". Similarly, German scholar listed four Iranian variants of the same type, which he named *Der Prinz verliebt sich in eine Puppe* (\\\"The Prince falls in love with a Doll\\\").","parent_id":"f29b1f59d1471e2e8cbe","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"ba2db81e4ede5db7b0c4:0","document_content":"# The Sea Lions\n***The Sea Lions; Or, The Lost Sealers*** is an 1849 sea novel by James Fenimore Cooper. The plot revolves around two sealers stranded in the Antarctic ice. The novel was first published in two volumes, by Stringer & Townsend. Critic W.B. Gates described the novel as taking inspiration from Charles Wilkes\\'s *Narrative of the United States Exploring Expedition of the Years 1838-1842*.\nHerman Melville reviewed the novel in 1849 for the magazine *The Literary World*. Melville\\'s praise for the novel focuses on the action and adventure of the novel, saying, \\\"Upon the whole, we warmly recommend the Sea Lions; and even those who more for fashion's sake than anything else, have of late joined in decrying our national novelist, will in this last work, perhaps, recognise one of his happiest.\\\"","parent_id":"ba2db81e4ede5db7b0c4","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"6d1b454884fe0375e6cb:0","document_content":"# L'Enchanteur\n***L\\'Enchanteur*** (\\\"the wizard\\\") is a 1984 novel by the French writer Ren\u00e9 Barjavel. It tells the story of the Knights of the Round Table and the quest for the Holy Grail from the perspective of Merlin and his relationship with Viviane. Barjavel had studied the material on the Grail legend extensively. He added several new concepts to the backstory of the grail, placing its origin to the time of Adam and Eve. According to the novel, Eve used the cup to collect Adam\\'s blood from the wound created when his rib was removed.\nThe novel was published in 1984 through \u00e9ditions Deno\u00ebl. *The Arthurian Handbook* (2nd ed., 1997) describes it as \\\"among the best of the modern French adaptations of Arthurian legend\\\".\n- Fiction featuring Merlin","parent_id":"6d1b454884fe0375e6cb","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"3f09dee33aa34bf497ce:0","document_content":"# Divorce (novel)\n***Divorce*** () is a 1933 Chinese novel by Lao She, written in Chongqing, the temporary Chinese capital during the Second Sino-Japanese War.\nIt was translated by Helena Kuo as ***The Quest for Love of Lao Lee***.\nIt was translated to English 2 times in 1948:\n- \n- \nKing\\'s translation, no longer widely accessible, was unauthorized and heavily altered and abridged. Lao She who was in the United States from 1946 to 1949 had wanted the publication blocked, but his efforts were circumvented when King (pen name of Robert Spencer Ward) established his own publisher \\\"King Publications\\\" for the book. Lao She eventually took the matter to court and won the case. Meanwhile, he worked with Helena Kuo for an \\\"authorized\\\" translation, which also differed from the original but presumably with his approval. Kuo\\'s translation was named *The Quest for Love of Lao Lee* to distinguish it from King\\'s version.\n- *Divorce*, a 1992 Chinese film starring Zhao Youliang\n- *Divorce*, a 1999 Chinese TV drama starring Ge You","parent_id":"3f09dee33aa34bf497ce","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7048abf1ab3758faa036:0","document_content":"# Adarsha Hindu Hotel\n***Adarsha Hindu Hotel*** (*Ideal Hindu Hotel*) is a Bengali novel written by Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay. The novel was first published in 1940.\nHajari Thakur, a middle-aged Bengali Brahmin is the male protagonist of the novel. He works as a cook in a hotel owned by Bechu Chakraborty near Ranaghat railway station. Here customers are often cheated and Padma, a maid at the establishment, steals the hotel\\'s food. Hajari is strictly against these, but being just a cook, he does not have right to say anything. Here he is regularly mocked and insulted by Padma, who, though only a maid, is the owner\\'s paramour and has immense influence over him. Hajari dreams to start his own hotel, but for that he needs Rs.200. Kusum is a young widow, whom Hajari considers as his daughter. One day utensils of Hajari\\'s shop are stolen and police arrests Hajari. Following this incident, he loses his job.\nAfter getting a loan from Kusum and Atashi, a girl from his village, Hajari starts his own hotel. Here he works hard with dedication and sincerity. In just a year his hotel becomes the most popular hotel of the area. Two other hotels of the area: one of Bechu Chakraborty and another of Jadu Banerjee almost get shut down. Hajari also gets a railway tender to manage a government-run hotel in the railway platform. At the end of the novel, Hazari signs a contract to manage a large hotel and goes to Bombay. Before leaving, he appoints Bechu Chakraborty (whose own hotel was sealed recently) as a manager of the market area hotel. He also gives Padma a job, who used to insult him every now and then.\nIn 1957 a Bengali film *Adarsha Hindu Hotel* was made based on this novel. The film was directed by Ardhendu Sen.\u00a0In 1989, a 13 episodes television serial was also made by director Raja Sen based on the novel. Actor Manoj Mitra played the role of Hajari thakur.","parent_id":"7048abf1ab3758faa036","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"659788707ab202c26bcf:0","document_content":"# Family Life (novel)\n***Family Life*** is a 2014 autobiographical novel by Akhil Sharma. Set in 1978, it tells the coming-of-age story of an eight-year old Indian boy named Ajay Mishra living with his recently immigrated family in New York City. The story develops around his older brother Birju, who suffers a life-changing accident, and how the family copes with the incident.\nThis was Sharma\\'s second published novel. It won the 2015 Folio Prize and the 2016 International Dublin Literary Award.","parent_id":"659788707ab202c26bcf","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"9806cb571abc9344bda3:0","document_content":"# Pani Manidhan\n***Pani Manidhan*** (1998) (Alt: *Panimanidhan*, *Panimanithan*) is a children\\'s novel written in Tamil by Indian author Jeyamohan. It encompasses themes like adventure story, science, fantasy, mystery and values making it an important creative work in the children\\'s literature canon in Tamil.\nJeyamohan had been invited by Manoj, the Editor of Tamil newspaper Dinamani\\'s *Siruvar Malar* children\\'s weekly to write a serialized novel. Jeyamohan created *Pani Manidhan* for the weekly in 1998 and it received considerable fan support from children as well as adults. Kavitha Publications published it as a book in 2002. Kizhakku publications and Natrinai Pathippagam brought out subsequent editions.\nYeti is the legend of the Snow Man rumored to be found in the mountains of Himalayas. Many consider the legend to be somewhere between truth and lies.\nAn Indian military officer named Pandian is asked by his commanders to investigate certain mysterious giant footprints found in snow near a remote village. Pandian, who feels it is just the imagination of the villagers, sets out on a trip and encounters strange happenings, native legends and finally, the wondrous truths themselves.\nPandian rescues a boy named Kim from the snow. A doctor who is also out researching the Snow Man joins the group. Together they- military officer Pandian, the Buddhist mountain boy Kim and the Doctor with the Western Scientific views - begin the search for the Yeti in the mountains. The Doctor tells Pandian that the Yeti might be the proverbial missing link in the evolutionary chain to Humans. But Kim, who says he has seen the Snow Man, says the Yeti looks nothing like the monkeys in the pictures shown by the Doctor and he looks more like Homo Erectus.\nAlong the way, Pandian is surprised to see Kim performing sophisticated breathing and meditation Yoga exercises. Through various adventures, Kim explains his native cultural beliefs and practices that correspond to Pandian\\'s and the Doctor\\'s statements on nature, humanity, soul, evolution and natural effects.","parent_id":"9806cb571abc9344bda3","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"9806cb571abc9344bda3:1","document_content":"# Pani Manidhan\nThe group encounters Bhikshus searching for their Lama. They are led to a fantasy land where it is revealed that there exists a society of Yetis and other creatures. Their world is one of biblical harmony and coexistence of all creatures. In fact, the Yetis have planned and engineered the whole adventure for the group. Kim is the only human who has throughout remained conscious of the actions of the soul. The group leave the land with far greater understanding of nature and the universe.\nOn their way back, the group again meets the Bhikshus who choose Kim as their head Lama. The Doctor and Pandian pay their respects to Kim. The truth about the legend of the Yeti the Snow Man is preserved as a secret.\nPani Manidhan has themes of adventure mixed with spiritual pilgrimage. Jeyamohan has said that \\\"..as the children grow up, the story grows with them\\\". It has a fantasy story that is supported by deep discussions on science and philosophy.\nThe story begins with the scientific analysis by Pandian and ends with the revelation that the Snow Man is the incarnation of Maitreya Buddha. It explains that Science is not the only way to understand Nature, but without discrediting Science. Pani Manidhan is an effort to simultaneously describe the beauty of both Science and Mythology to young readers, and the ways they work.\nPani Manidhan was written in a style accessible to readers of eight and above. Most of the sentences are only six words in length.","parent_id":"9806cb571abc9344bda3","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7f2b51d8afa9da9855e5:0","document_content":"# La Temp\u00eate\n***La Temp\u00eate*** (\\\"the tempest\\\") is a 1982 novel by the French writer Ren\u00e9 Barjavel. It is set in a near future during a chemically induced world peace, and follows a woman and a man in Paris who must find a future for humanity.\nThe narrative is inspired by the Biblical story of Judith and Holofernes. The book was published on 10 September 1982 through \u00e9ditions Deno\u00ebl.","parent_id":"7f2b51d8afa9da9855e5","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"d0e3a2320ae66586a53a:0","document_content":"# Les Dames \u00e0 la licorne\n***Les Dames \u00e0 la licorne*** (\\\"the ladies with the unicorn\\\") is a 1974 novel by the French writer Ren\u00e9 Barjavel and Irish astrologer Olenka de Veer. It is set in Ireland in the late 19th century and tells the story of five sisters who are connected to a medieval legend.\nIt was the basis for a 1982 television film with the same title, directed by Lazare Iglesis for TF1.\n- *The Lady and the Unicorn*\n- *Young Woman with Unicorn*","parent_id":"d0e3a2320ae66586a53a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"1363d09b39a1a2f7302e:0","document_content":"# Le diable l'emporte\n***Le diable l\\'emporte*** (\\\"May the devil take him\\\") is a 1948 novel by the French writer Ren\u00e9 Barjavel. It revolves a future world war with devastating weapon technology, which forces the last surviving humans to live deep underground in a secret vault. The book has a pessimistic message about technology and celebrates the down-to-earth man and traditional farmer.","parent_id":"1363d09b39a1a2f7302e","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"85c5e45ab5f0d26d5410:0","document_content":"# Scandal of Spring\n***Scandal of Spring*** (1934) is a novel by Australian writer Martin Boyd.\nSet in a small English seaside village, the novel follows the story of the youth John Vazetti with lives with his parents in a cottage with tearooms attached. John falls in love with a young woman, Madge, who is visiting family in the village. Although their relatives try to push the two apart they eventually run off to London where John is arrested and imprisoned.\nA reviewer in *The Courier-Mail* found that this \\\"is a book of youth, misunderstood and battered by the blindness and prejudice of the hide-bound middle-aged. Put so baldly, it sounds commonplace, but there is nothing commonplace in the beautifully-written story. It tells with that delicacy of touch that is part of Mr.\u00a0Martin Boyd\\'s charm.\\\"\nIn *The Age*, the reviewer was rather dismissive, noting: \\\"Mr Boyd needs a bigger and better theme for the display of his literary talents.\\\"\n- 1934 in Australian literature","parent_id":"85c5e45ab5f0d26d5410","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"14385290925be5ccdbde:0","document_content":"# King of the Dead (novel)\n***King of the Dead*** is a fantasy novel by Gene DeWeese, set in the world of Ravenloft, and is based on the *Dungeons & Dragons* role-playing game. It was published in March 1996 ().\nThe story concerns itself with Azalin, the king of the title. Despite the near-limitless powers that are now his to command, he is continually haunted by the death of his son. Unable to find any kind of happiness or contentment, he has begun to hate the dark, horror-filled world that is his to rule. *King of the Dead* recounts the tale of Azalin\\'s earlier existence as a powerful mage and the events that led to his current reign.\nAndy Butcher reviewed *King of the Dead* for *Arcane* magazine, rating it an 8 out of 10 overall. He commented that \\\"Gene De Weese is yet another *New York Times* best-selling author who has been persuaded by TSR to write an AD&D-based novel. The experience gained from over three dozen previously published horror, science fiction and non-fiction books has stood him in pretty good stead, and King of the Dead joins the ever-growing number of Ravenloft novels that are genuinely horrific.\\\" He added that \\\"Weese\\'s clever manipulation of time and the order of events gives the reader just enough information to engender a sense of eerie foreboding and the awful inevitability of fate, without allowing the story to become predictable and boring - thankfully, you never really know what to expect next. *King of the Dead* is a dark novel which relies, for the most part, on its skillfully crafted atmosphere, a technique which lends greater impact to the few graphically disturbing scenes.\\\" Butcher concluded his review by saying, \\\"Although the story itself is of little direct use for a referee looking to steal some ideas, it\\'s nevertheless well worth a look for any fans of horror games - Ravenloft or otherwise - due to its skillfully crafted atmosphere. There are elements here that could be used to great effect in almost any horror game you care to mention, and you\\'ll get an extremely good read into the bargain. Good stuff and highly recommended.\\\"\n- Review by Don D\\'Ammassa (1996) in Science Fiction Chronicle, #190 October 1996","parent_id":"14385290925be5ccdbde","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"259d7ef09b57b0972793:0","document_content":"# Gimme the Money\n***Gimme the Money*** is partial autobiographical novel by Iva Pek\u00e1rkov\u00e1 about her time taxi-driving in New York City. It was published in Czech in 1996 by Nakladatelstv\u00ed NLN (NLN Publishing), under the name *Dej Mi Ty Prachy* (*Gimme the Money).* It was later translated into English by Iva Pek\u00e1rkov\u00e1 with help from her husband, Raymond Johnson, and published by Serpent\\'s Tail through a grant from the Czech Ministry of Culture. *Gimme the Money* was also translated into German under the title, *Taxi Blues,* by Marcela Euler and subsequently published in 2000 by Malik Publishers. The novel is about a female Czech taxi driver Jind\u0159i\u0161ka, nicknamed Gin, and her life of navigating and finding a place in New York City and the taxi industry.\nThis novel begins with Gin and her roommate, Gloria, in their apartment. Readers learn that Gin makes her money from taxi driving and that she works at a garage under a Russian man named Alex who is constantly sexually harassing her. However, this does not seem to faze Gin, because this is what happened at the other garage where she worked under the dispatcher Kenny.\nSeveral days later, Gin picks up a passenger named Clyde. Clyde and Gin sleep together and Gin is interested in him, but the relationship is broken off when Gloria sleeps with him. Gin is so distraught that she contemplates suicide, but then destroys all of Gloria\\'s paintings in the apartment. Because she no longer has a place to live, she moves in with Talibe, her husband from Mali. He and Gin do not get along very well because their different cultural upbringings clash. The only reason Gin married him was so that she could get a green card.\nAnother day Gin is hanging out with a couple of other taxi drivers at a bar. One of these taxi drivers, Geoffrey, tells her that the only way for a taxi driver to make money is to cheat the customers by messing with the meter and using a book with fake prices. Ginny refuses because she does not want to get fined. Geoffrey and his friend, Sengane, talk about the times they have murdered some aggressive passenger while they were driving.","parent_id":"259d7ef09b57b0972793","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"259d7ef09b57b0972793:1","document_content":"# Gimme the Money\nWhile she is living with Talibe he asks her to marry his cousin, Ouagadougou, because Ouagadougou needs a green card. Gin initially refuses because she does not want to get in trouble with the authorities and risk deportation herself. However, she gives in because Talibe threatens to divorce her and marry someone else who will agree to marry as many of his family members as he needs. The day after her wedding with Ouagadougou, one of Talibe\\'s friends calls Gin telling her that Talibe was shot while taxi driving.\nWhile Talibe is recovering in the hospital, he is distressed because he had a blood transfusion. In Mali culture, blood is very important, and Talibe is disgusted that the blood inside him is not his. He is also confused because he was shot while wearing his protective amulet, and he does not understand why the magic does not protect him. While Talibe could have gotten better, he died because his whole belief system crumbled.\nOnce Talibe dies, Gin wants to find another place to live because she does not want to go back to their apartment. She goes to her old boss, Kenny, and asks if she can stay with him for a while, but he refuses because, unbeknownst to her, he has a wife and kids. Gin then returns to Gloria to ask to stay at her place, but when she returns to her old apartment and sees Gloria, she realizes that she is still not over the betrayal and runs back to Talibe\\'s apartment. When she arrives at her apartment Ouagadougou is waiting for her. Because she is his wife, he argues, they should live together. Gin gives in, and Ouagadougou moves into the apartment with her.\nAfter Talibe\\'s death Gin takes a couple of weeks off taxi-driving. When she returns to Alex\\'s garage he has a brand-new fleet of taxis. She also visits Kenny, and he gives her a knife to protect herself while taxi driving. However, Gin feels less safe with the knife in her bag.","parent_id":"259d7ef09b57b0972793","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"259d7ef09b57b0972793:2","document_content":"# Gimme the Money\nOne night when she was picking up customers, a passenger gets into her taxicab who gives Gin a bad vibe. He is not clear in his directions, but eventually they end up underneath Macombs Dam Bridge next to an abandoned part of Jackie Robinson Park. The passenger pulls a gun on her and starts telling her how he is going to kill her like he killed other people in that spot. While listening to his description of his last kill, Gin realizes that this is the man who killed her husband. When the man asks for her money, she hands it to him through the partition and cuts him with the knife that Kenny gave her. The man pulls his hand back and his gun flies into the front seat. Gin gets out of the car and starts running, but Stanley, the robber, tackles her. When she is falling, she flips the knife behind her and it sinks into Stanley\\'s heart; killing him instantly.\nOnce she has made sure that he is dead she cleans up the scene as best she can and drives away. For the next couple of months, she is paranoid that the police are going to find out who killed this man and arrest her, but nothing happens. She continues to work, and she discovers that Alex\\'s new fleet of taxis are stolen police cars. However, because she has killed someone she does not see how breaking the law is such a big deal anymore. She also starts making more money by cheating her passengers using the tricks that Geoffrey and Kenny taught her. The book ends with Gin driving out of New York in her yellow taxi with an unknown lover to see the rest of the United States.","parent_id":"259d7ef09b57b0972793","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"259d7ef09b57b0972793:3","document_content":"# Gimme the Money\n- Gin (Jind\u0159i\u0161ka): a female taxi driver from Prague living in the not so glamorous part of New York City\n- Gloria: Gin\\'s Cuban roommate who was born and raised in Harlem\n- Randy: a homeless man who is a friend of Gin\\'s\n- Alex: the Russian owner and dispatcher at the taxi company where Gin works\n- Talibe: Gin\\'s first husband from Mali who dies while taxi driving by a serial killer\n- Kenny: Gin\\'s boss at the previous garage where she worked\n- Clyde: Gin\\'s boyfriend who cheats on her with Gloria\n- Geoffrey: one of Gin\\'s colleagues\n- Ouagadougou: Gin\\'s second husband and Talibe\\'s cousin\n- Stanley: the serial killer who kills Talibe and tries to kill Gin, but is accidentally killed by Gin","parent_id":"259d7ef09b57b0972793","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"259d7ef09b57b0972793:4","document_content":"# Gimme the Money\n*Gimme the Money* was loosely based on Iva Pek\u00e1rkov\u00e1\\'s experience as a taxi-driver in New York City. She said in an interview with The Central Europe Review that she made Gin \\\"\\...more naive than I was, so that she could discover more, so that it would be more shocking for her.\\\" Pek\u00e1rkov\u00e1 finds that it is easier for her to write stories where cultures are being blended, because she sees that as interesting. Likewise, she finds it difficult to write stories about the Czech Republic, because she cannot find any new or interesting stories from her home country. *Gimme the Money* has both the clashing of cultures and the Czech influence through Gin\\'s views on New York.\nWhile the majority of the English translation was completed by Iva Pek\u00e1rkov\u00e1, in order for the publisher to obtain a grant from the Czech Ministry of Culture, they included her husband, Raymond Johnson, in the translation. While he did not translate the novel, he helped Pek\u00e1rkov\u00e1 with editing the translation. *Gimme the Money* was also translated into German by Marcela Euler under the title: *Taxi Blues*.\n*Gimme the Money* was described by Madelaine Hron, Associate Professor at Wilfrid Laurier University for English and Film Studies, as \\\"Fresh, gutsy, hilarious, the novel is one terrific (and terrifying) joy-ride through New York, propelled by a Czech taxi driver---a woman taxi driver at that.\\\" She also appreciated how even though the novel was about New York, Gin\\'s Croatian roots did not get lost.","parent_id":"259d7ef09b57b0972793","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5d60259f37d59ca0ed71:0","document_content":"# Marching into Darkness\n***Marching into Darkness: The Wehrmacht and the Holocaust in Belarus*** is a book by the American historian Waitman Wade Beorn, published in 2014 by Harvard University Press. It discusses the participation of the German *Wehrmacht* in the Holocaust and other crimes against humanity during the course of the early stages of the German-Soviet War (1941--45).\nThe book has received positive reviews for its thorough and convincing analysis of the complicity of the German armed forces in the crimes of the Nazi regime. One reviewer praised Beorn\\'s work as (to date) \\\"the most important to this crucial area of the Holocaust history, of military history, and of Germany history\\\" in the English language.\n*Marching into Darkness* examines the complicity of the German *Wehrmacht* in the crimes committed against Jews and other civilians in Belarus, from autumn 1941 to early in the subsequent winter. The author looks at several military formations and how they responded to orders to commit genocide and other crimes against humanity. Beorn finds that those who refused were only lightly punished (or not punished at all), debunking the claims of German veterans that they had to participate under threat of death.\nThe author investigates how so-called anti-partisan warfare was connected to the Holocaust via its ideological targeting of \\\"Jewish-Bolsheviks\\\". Beorn concludes that, because anti-semitic sentiment was lower in Belarus compared to the territories of Army Group North and Army Group South Rear Areas, the army troops played a significantly larger role in direct persecution of Jews during the period that he studied.\nBeorn addresses other aspects of Wehrmacht crimes, such as murder of Soviet prisoners of war and support for Nazi Germany\\'s starvation policy, the Hunger Plan. He examines what he calls \\\"the progressive complicity\\\" of the Wehrmacht, highlighting the main developments that led to the escalation of violence, such as the Mogilev conference in September 1941. Organised by the commander of the Army Group Centre Rear Area, it brought together the Army, the *SS* and the Order Police commanders for a so-called exchange of experiences, and marked a dramatic escalation of violence against the civilian population.\nThe historian Ben H. Shepherd comments in *The English Historical Review* that Beorn \\\"has produced a highly impressive, engagingly written work that significantly advances the understanding of the dynamics that shaped the murderous anti-Semitic actions of Wehrmacht units down to the level of companies and battalions\\\".","parent_id":"5d60259f37d59ca0ed71","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5d60259f37d59ca0ed71:1","document_content":"# Marching into Darkness\nCommenting on Beorn\\'s research into *Wehrmacht* complicity in Nazi crimes in a 2015 review in *The American Historical Review*, historian Thomas K\u00fchne calls the book, the \\\"most convincing, the most complex, and in the English language certainly the most important to this crucial area of the Holocaust history, of military history, and of Germany history\\\". He finds that the book will \\\"serve as a model for similar studies\\\".\nHistorian Henning Pieper in *German History* also praises the book for its thorough analysis and concludes:\nA review in *Omaha World-Herald* suggests that the book \\\"ought to be on the reading list of anyone interested in the German army or battles on the Eastern Front in World War II\\\". Although the book is more scholarly than a popular history book, it should be accessible to the general reader. The reviewer finds that \\\"one comes away from reading the book with a renewed appreciation for the importance of military ethics, leadership and following the laws of war\\\".\n- 2014 Thomas J. Wilson Memorial Prize, Harvard University Press\n- Honorable Mention, 2015 Sybil Halpern Milton Memorial Book Prize, German Studies Association\n- Award for Best Publication, 2015 International Congress of Belarusian Studies (multiple awarded)\n- Myth of the clean Wehrmacht\n- *The Myth of the Eastern Front*\n- *Hitler\\'s War in the East*\n-","parent_id":"5d60259f37d59ca0ed71","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"637aaf8914ccced2a632:0","document_content":"# Massage (novel)\n***Massage*** is a 2008 Chinese novel by Bi Feiyu about blind masseurs. It won China\\'s most prestigious Mao Dun Literature Prize in 2011. The novel has been translated into English (by Howard Goldblatt and Sylvia Li-chun Lin), German (by Marc Hermann), Russian (by Natalia Vlasova), Korean (by Moon Hyun-seon), and Japanese (by Yutori Iizuka).\n*Massage* was adapted into a 2013 TV series *See Without Looking*, a 2014 film *Blind Massage* (which won Asian Film Award for Best Film and Golden Horse Award for Best Feature Film), as well as a successful stage production.","parent_id":"637aaf8914ccced2a632","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"834f4dfc414df75f0e72:0","document_content":"# The Myth of Race\n***The Myth of Race: The Troubling Persistence of an Unscientific Idea*** is a book by anthropologist Robert Wald Sussman detailing how race is not, and never had been, a valid biological category in humans. It was published in 2014 by Harvard University Press.\nRobert J. Cottrol reviewed *The Myth of Race* favorably, writing, \\\"With *The Myth of Race*, Robert Sussman gives us a comprehensive history of the idea of race and particularly the rise and not total fall of scientific racism\\\". Ruth C. Engs was less favorable in her review of the book, writing that \\\"\\...rarely does Sussman compare the interpretation of one historian with that of another in an objective manner or compare interpretations from one time period to those from another, as other historiographical researchers usually do. Researchers in the past, or present, who do not agree with his conclusions are considered \"racists\" or part of \"the eugenics bigot brigade.\"\\\" She concludes that \\\"Sussman's lack of objectivity in this book is disconcerting. For those looking for a work that summarizes the negative side of the hereditarian and eugenics movements, however, this book would be an adequate reference. Also in its favor is its extensive bibliography of contemporary and older works.\\\" In a mixed review, Kathleen Feyh wrote that \\\"Sussman\\'s book is an elegant genealogy of the myth of race from the Spanish Inquisition through the twentieth-century eugenics movement and its demystifiers among those who study human differentiation.\\\" She also criticized the book by writing that Sussman\\'s \\\"\\...analysis is limited in no small part by his method, which confines him to a history of racist ideas and ideologues rather than one of how racist ideas function in society, leaving the reader with a very well-written debate within the field of anthropology rather than achieving one of his stated goals, namely \\\"to further\\...understanding of why racism is still so prevalent in our society\\\"\\\". In a generally favorable review, Jeffrey C. Long wrote that \\\"*The Myth of Race* rightly points to a critical role for Franz Boas, who formulated anthropology along non\u2010racial lines, even before biological anthropology adopted the evolutionary principles established by the New Synthesis in the 1930s. This is an important contribution of the book. It clearly establishes that racists and eugenicists in the last century chose their ideologies over superior alternatives.\\\" In comparing *The Myth of Race* with Michael Yudell\\'s book *Race Unmasked*, Nathaniel C. Comfort wrote that \\\"The eugenics movement - particularly in the United States in the early twentieth century and in Nazi Germany - offers a cornucopia of evidence of scientific racism. But, in focusing on the US movement\\'s most egregious leaders, such as Charles Davenport, Madison Grant and Henry Fairfield Osborn, both Yudell and Sussman over-simplify. Eugenics was about much more than just race.\\\"","parent_id":"834f4dfc414df75f0e72","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"7fc089bdb960e85ce43a:0","document_content":"# Les Beaux Messieurs de Bois-Dor\u00e9\n***Les Beaux Messieurs de Bois-Dor\u00e9*** is an 1857 French historical novel by George Sand.\nThe work was first published as a serial in *Le Progr\u00e8s Illustr\u00e9* in 1857, then was revived in volume by A. Cadot in 1858.\nThe novel tells a series of romantic and adventurous adventures in the context of religious oppositions during the reign of Louis XIII.\nTheatre\nThe work was adapted to the stage by Sand and Paul Meurice. The premiere took place on 26 April 1862 at the Th\u00e9\u00e2tre de l\\'Ambigu-Comique.\nOn television\n- 1976: *The Gallant Lords of Bois-Dor\u00e9*, French miniseries directed by Bernard Borderie, with Georges Marchal, and","parent_id":"7fc089bdb960e85ce43a","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a8130a30317161b8c5ce:0","document_content":"# The Seventh Day (novel)\n***The Seventh Day*** () is a 2013 novel by Yu Hua. It was published in China by New Star Press in June 2013. An English translation by Allan Hepburn Barr was published by Pantheon Books in January 2015.\nKirkus Reviews stated that Yu Hua \\\"is certainly commenting, often acerbically, on how life and death are valued in contemporary China\\\".\nAn absurdist fiction novel, *The Seventh Day* finds Yu Hua comparing the real world to the world of death, and narrating the experiences of the main character, Yang Fei, in the seven days following his death. In *The Theory of Yu Hua*, Wang points out that *The Seventh Day* compares the world of life and death. *The Seventh Day* breaks through the world of life and death, and describes the two completely different worlds.","parent_id":"a8130a30317161b8c5ce","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a8130a30317161b8c5ce:1","document_content":"# The Seventh Day (novel)\nIt is believed that some of the characters\\' stories (Yang Fei and Yang Jinbiao, Li Yuezhen, Mouse Girl) are based on true stories that were reported in China such as forced relocation, the hospital which treated dead infants as clinical waste, and selling a kidney to buy electronic devices. In the novel, Li Yuezhen exposed that the hospital treated 27 dead infants\\' remains as clinical waste which was dumped into a nearby river. This is similar to an event that occurred in the Shandong Province, where 21 dead infants\\' remains was found in the Guangfu river in 2010. In the novel, Wu Chao sells his kidney for money to buy Mouse Girl a new cellphone. This was also similar to news reported in 2012, in Hangzhou, a group of illegal kidney-sellers were exposed by an internet blogger, who went undercover in the group as an kidney seller for fifteen days and later, on May 28, 2012, called the police. During the fifteen days undercover in the house, he recorded his conversations with the kidney-sellers and asked them why were they selling their kidneys. One of them said that he sold his kidney so that he could afford to purchase a new cellphone for his girlfriend, and be able to support his family. In a part of the novel, a man disguised as a woman is caught working as a prostitute. This is similar to an incident reported in the autonomous Guangxi region in 2010, where local police in Liuzhou arrested three people who were engaged in prostitution. The prostitutes were discovered to actually be middle-aged men dressed as women.\nOn the first day, after Yang Fei died, he went to the funeral parlour to be cremated, but no urn was prepared for him and no cemetery, so he left the waiting hall and tried to recall the last scene before he died. He remembered he was sitting in the Tan Jia Cai restaurant when he read the report of his ex-wife, Li Qing, cutting her wrist at home in the bathtub. At this time the restaurant kitchen caught fire, his memory stopped with a loud bang.\nOn the second day, he met his ex-wife, Li Qing, who rejected many chasers but married him. However, Li Qing divorced him and married a new man because Li Qing wanted to get higher achievement on her business. They brought up the memory and Li Qing told Yang Fei that he was the only husband she had. Finally, she left and rushed to her funeral.","parent_id":"a8130a30317161b8c5ce","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a8130a30317161b8c5ce:2","document_content":"# The Seventh Day (novel)\nOn the third day, Yang Fei continued to wander on the street, he remembered his adoptive father Yang Jinbiao who found him as a newborn baby at the edge of the railway track. Yang Jinbiao raised him up alone and even rejected his girlfriend because of Yang Fei.\nOne day Yang Fei\\'s biological mother found him and brought him to his original family. However, he returned after few days. When Yang Jinbiao knew his disease could not stay for a long time, he left secretly. Yang Fei kept looking for his father for a long time. When he returned from his father\\'s hometown, his nursing mother Li Yuezhen was dead.\nOn the fourth day, Yang Fei met Mouse Girl. She and her boyfriend Wu Chao were the neighbor of Yang Fei in the rental house. It was a big news when Mouse Girl suicided because her boyfriend gave her the fake Iphone 4S as her birthday gift, she jumped off from the top of the Pengfei Building. Mouse Girl led Yang Fei to the land of unburied, and Yang Fei kept looking for his father there.\nOn the fifth day, Yang Fei met a lot of familiar people in the land of unburied, including the girl he was gonna to teach and Tan Jiaxin\\'s family. Then he met Li Yuezhen there, she told him the truth that his father is the receptionist at the funeral parlour, and his father actually went to the stone where he left Yang Fei once.\nOn the sixth day, after Mouse Girl heard Wu Chao\\'s story from Xiao Qing, she knew Wu Chao sold his kidney to buy her a cemetery. Mouse Girl decided to return to the cemetery Wu Chao bought for her, she became the first person who left the land of unburied. All the deads at the land of unburied baptized Mouse Girl and walked to the funeral parlour with her.\nOn the seventh day, Yang Fei finally meets his father at the funeral parlour. On the way he back to the land of unburied, he met Wu Chao, who was looking for his girlfriend. Yang Fei told Wu Chao that Mouse Girl went to the cemetery, and Yang Fei brought Wu Chao to the land of unburied.","parent_id":"a8130a30317161b8c5ce","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a8130a30317161b8c5ce:3","document_content":"# The Seventh Day (novel)\n- **Yang Fei** -- an honest and reserved man, was born on a moving train. He was adopted by a young switchman and raised with love. At the age of 41, Yang died in a gas explosion in a restaurant while he\\'s reading a news report on his ex-wife, Li Qing\\'s death. Having no funeral urn nor grave, he then roams around the land of the unburied as a spirit, and encounters his ex-wife, Mouse Girl and her boyfriend, Zhang Gang and Li, Li Yuezhen and 27 infants, and finally his father.\n- **Yang Jinbiao** -- Yang Fei\\'s adoptive father, was working as a switchman when he found Yang Fei on the rails. He once abandoned little Yang Fei on a rock near an orphanage in order to please his fianc\u00e9e, but brought him back on the very next day. Since then this devoted and obstinate father had decided to remain single for good. He spent the last moment of his life besides the rock of abandonment. In the underworld, he works as an usher in the funeral parlour.\n- **Li Qing** -- a beautiful, ambitious and wealthy businesswoman, was married to Yang Fei but left for a businessman whom she later found a trickster and womanizer. After breaking up with the businessman, she became a high official\\'s mistress. She committed suicide by slitting her wrists in her bathtub just before the investigators came to arrest her. Then her spirit meets Yang Fei\\'s at the apartment they once had lived together.\n- **Li Yuezhen** -- Yang Jinbiao\\'s coworker, had been helping to nurse and foster Yang Fei with her husband Hao Qiangsheng. As their daughter Hao Xia has emigrated to and had a family in the U.S., the couple planned to move to America. However, Li was run over and killed in a car accident after she stumbled upon a scandal that 27 dead infants were dumped by the hospital into the river as medical refuses. she then meets Yang Fei in the land of the unburied with the 27 babies around her singing a song.\n- **Mouse Girl** -- whose name is Liu Mei, had been constantly changing her work as hairwasher, restaurant server and other temporary jobs with her boyfriend Wu Chao and lives in low-rent places like bomb shelters. She jumped off a building because Wu deceived her, claiming that her birthday gift---an iPhone was a real one but in fact a knock-off. After Mouse Girl died, Wu Chao managed to sell his kidney to buy her a burial plot. Therefore, Mouse Girl is the first to leave the land of the unburied for a resting place.\n- **Tan Jiaxin** -- the owner of Tang Jia Cai restaurant. Yang Fei was a frequent customer of his restaurant. Tan Jiaxin\\'s family died in a gas explosion accident in his restaurant same with Yang Fei. Tan Jiaxin also opens his restaurant in the land of unburied.\n- **Xiao Qing** -- neighbor of Mouse Girl and Wu Chao in the real world. Xiao Qing used the money Wu Chao gave him to buy Mouse Girl a cemetery. Xiao Qing died in a traffic accident of bus 203.","parent_id":"a8130a30317161b8c5ce","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a8130a30317161b8c5ce:4","document_content":"# The Seventh Day (novel)\nKirkus Reviews stated that it \\\"falls short of being a fully realized novel\\\" and that it is \\\"episodic\\\". It stated that the novel is characterized by a \\\"lugubrious funk\\\" but that \\\"compelling moments and black humor\\\" mitigate this effect.\nClarissa Sebag-Montefiore of the *South China Morning Post* stated overall the book \\\"never quite hits the mark\\\". She stated that the \\\"excellently\\\" done translation of the original Chinese \\\"poetic language\\\" partially made up for the negatives in the book, and that it was \\\"darkly funny\\\" and \\\"desperately dark\\\" at the same time. She criticized how characters \\\"are often reduced to totems\\\". She stated that \\\"If Yu does succeed in *The Seventh Day*, it is in showing a confused society in which the government casts aside its citizens like rubbish and in which people often treat each other no better.\\\"\nKen Kalfus states in an article in *The New York Times* that the translation is \\\"workmanlike\\\" and that it is \\\"too wordy to deliver its best potential laugh lines.\\\"\nDavid Der-wei Wang, Professor of Chinese Literature at Harvard University, suggested that Yu Hua used the narrative technique of \\\"defamiliarization\\\" to observe the living world through the eyes of the dead. He also argued Yu Hua didn\\'t give full play to the nihilist atmosphere which was the crux of the novel, but only stopped at criticizing social issues.\n`Country\u00a0`\n`Publication\u00a0Year\u00a0`\n`Publication\u00a0`\n`Book\u00a0Name`\n**`China`**`\u00a0`\n`2013`\n2013\n2018\n`New\u00a0Star\u00a0Press\u00a0\uff08\u65b0\u661f\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff09`\nRye Field Publishing Co.\n\uff08\u9ea6\u7530\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff09\nNew Star Press \uff08\u65b0\u661f\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff09\n`\u300a\u7b2c\u4e03\u5929\u300b`\n\u300a\u7b2c\u4e03\u5929\u300b\n\u300a\u7b2c\u4e03\u5929\u300b\n**`Japan`**\nTranslated by \u98ef\u585a \u5bb9\n`2014\u00a0`\n`Kawade\u00a0Shob\u014d\u00a0Shinsha\u00a0`\n`\u6b7b\u8005\u305f\u3061\u306e\u4e03\u65e5\u9593`\n**`France`**\nTranslated by Angel Pino, Isabelle Rabut\n`2014\u00a0`\n`Actes\u00a0Sud\u00a0`\n`Le\u00a0septi\u00e8me\u00a0jour`\n**`America`**\nTranslated by Allan Hepburn Barr.\n`2015\u00a0`\n`Pantheon\u00a0Books\u00a0`\n`The\u00a0Seventh\u00a0Day`","parent_id":"a8130a30317161b8c5ce","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"a8130a30317161b8c5ce:5","document_content":"# The Seventh Day (novel)\n**`Australia`**`\u00a0`\n`2015\u00a0`\n`Text\u00a0`\n`The\u00a0Seventh\u00a0Day`\n**`Holland`**`\u00a0`\n`2016\u00a0`\n`DEGEUS\u00a0`\n`De\u00a0zevende\u00a0dag\u00a0`\n**`Norway`**`\u00a0`\n`2016\u00a0`\n`Aschehoug\u00a0`\n`\u00a0Den\u00a0Sjuende\u00a0Dagen`\n**`Czech Republic`**`\u00a0`\n`2016\u00a0`\n`Verzone\u00a0s.r.o.\u00a0`\n`Den\u00a0Sedm\u00fd`\n**`Slovakia`**`\u00a0`\n`2016\u00a0`\n`Marencin\u00a0PT\u00a0`\n`Siedmy\u00a0de\u0148`\n**`Arabia`**`\u00a0`\n`2016\u00a0`\n`Ebdate\u00a0Alimayia\u00a0`\n`\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639`\n**`Turkey`**`\u00a0`\n`2016\u00a0`\n`Alabanda\u00a0`\n`Yedinci\u00a0G\u00fcn`\n**`Germany`**\nTranslated by Ulrich Kautz\n`2017\u00a0`\n`S.Fischer\u00a0Verlag\u00a0`\n`Die\u00a0sieben\u00a0letzten\u00a0Tage\u00a0Roman`\n**`Italy`**\nTranslated by Silvia Pozzi\n`2017\u00a0`\n`Feltrinelli\u00a0`\n`Il\u00a0settimo\u00a0giorno`\n**Romania**\nTranslated by Lumini\u021ba B\u0103lan.\n`2020\u00a0`\n`Humanitas\u00a0Fiction\u00a0`\n`Ziua\u00a0a\u00a0\u0219aptea`","parent_id":"a8130a30317161b8c5ce","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"9d80484bf83b0c6b7604:0","document_content":"# Genk\u014d Shakusho\nThe ***Genk\u014d Shakusho*** (\u5143\u4ea8\u91c8\u66f8) is the first Japanese Buddhist history. It was written during the Kamakura period in Classical Chinese by the famous Rinzai monk Kokan Shiren (1278--1346) and in total consists of 30 scrolls.\nKokan Shiren wrote the *Genk\u014d Shakusho* in 1322; the literal translation of the title is the \\\"Genk\u014d Era Buddhist History.\\\" In the introduction to the work, Kokan wrote that he was shamed into writing it after the Chinese monk Yishan Yining expressed his surprise that no such history existed in Japan. The book was first published between 1346--1377. It covers a span of seven hundred years in Japanese Buddhist history and biographies from its introduction into Japan until the late Kamakura period. It was accepted into the Buddhist Tripitaka during the Nanboku-ch\u014d period.\nThe Genk\u014d Shakusho has three divisions:\n1.  Biographies scrolls 1--19 with four hundred and six titles of monastic and secular biographies\n2.  History scrolls 20--26 covering seven hundred years Buddhist history until the late Kamakura period\n3.  Gazettes scrolls 27--30 covering ten different other types of histories\n- \n- \n-","parent_id":"9d80484bf83b0c6b7604","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5516b68f8537c2095195:0","document_content":"# Transcendent Kingdom\n***Transcendent Kingdom*** is a novel by Yaa Gyasi, published in the United States on September 1, 2020 by Alfred A. Knopf (). *Transcendent Kingdom* was found in Literary Hub to have made 17 lists of the best books of 2020.\nThe novel follows 28-year-old Gifty, a PhD candidate in neuroscience in her fifth year at Stanford University, and her Ghanaian-American mother, who is suffering from a deep depression.\nWhile experimenting on lab mice for her research, Gifty gets a call that her mother is not feeling well. She sends for her mother so she can take care of her and is overwhelmed by the remembrance of the first time her mother fell into a similar depression, when Gifty was 11.\nGifty\\'s mother and her father, affectionately nick-named The Chin-chin man, were Ghanaians who met and married late. They had a brilliant son, Nana, and after his birth Gifty\\'s mother, seeking a better life for her child, relocated to Huntsville, Alabama where a cousin of hers was studying. Gifty\\'s mother was forced to take menial jobs, eventually become a caretaker to abusive and racist elderly patients. Gifty\\'s father eventually relocated to America to be with his family but was only able to find unstable work as a janitor.\nGifty was born a few years later, and was an unwanted pregnancy.\nThe family was anchored around Nana\\'s prodigious gifts as an athlete and their mother\\'s fervent religious zeal which Gifty inherited. Never settling in Alabama, The Chin-chin man eventually returned to Ghana for what was initially supposed to be a short trip, never to return. Shaken by his father\\'s abandonment, Nana quit soccer, a sport which he had been proficient in, and in high school joined basketball. After injuring his ankle in a low-stakes game Nana was prescribed opioids and quickly became addicted, seeking out heroin to allay his cravings. When Gifty is 11 her brother dies of an overdose and her mother falls into a deep depression, taking to her bed and unable to care for herself. After she tried to commit suicide Gifty is forced to seek help and is sent to Ghana while her mother recovers, staying with her maternal aunt and briefly reuniting with her estranged father.","parent_id":"5516b68f8537c2095195","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"5516b68f8537c2095195:1","document_content":"# Transcendent Kingdom\nNana\\'s death and Gifty\\'s mother\\'s attempted suicide push Gifty away from religion. A bright scholar, she attends elite universities and chooses a path in neuroscience studying addictive behaviour. Her past and her continued belief in God mark her as an outsider and she has trouble opening herself up emotionally. In the present, unable to help her mother she finally reaches out to a colleague of hers who supports Gifty as she attempts to help her mother.\nIn an unspecified future time, after Gifty\\'s mother has died of natural causes, a now married Gifty who is flourishing as a scientist and runs her own lab continues to attend church.\nThe book drew positive reviews upon publication. *The Washington Post* named it \\\"a book of blazing brilliance\\\". *USA Today* called it \\\"stealthily devastating\\\" while *Vox* gave it 3.5 out of 5 stars.\n- Longlist, 2021 Andrew Carnegie Medal for Excellence in Fiction\n- Longlist, 2020 Prix M\u00e9dicis \u00e9tranger\n- Shortlist, 2021 Women\\'s Prize for Fiction\nIn 2015 in *Guernica* magazine, Gyasi published a short story titled \\\"Inscape,\\\" which features some of the characters met with in *Transcendent Kingdom* in somewhat different situations. In \\\"Inscape\\\" Gifty is a forty-one-year-old professor of English studying Gerard Manley Hopkins instead of a twenty-six-year-old neuroscientist, her mother\\'s mental illness is more severe, Gifty\\'s attraction to her friend Anne is more intimate (\\\"My whole body ached at the mention of her name\\\"), and she has no brother.","parent_id":"5516b68f8537c2095195","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"18e48f227b8e13918b98:0","document_content":"# Groaning Spinney\n***Groaning Spinney**\\'\\' is a 1950 mystery detective novel by the British writer Gladys Mitchell. It is the twenty third in her long-running series featuring the psychoanalyst and amateur detective Mrs Bradley. It was later republished under the title of***Murder in the Snow**\\'\\'.\nWhile staying for Christmas with her nephew and his family at his house in Gloucestershire in the Cotswolds, Mrs Bradley is intrigued by a local legend about a murdered Victorian village parson whose ghost appears at the entrance to a copse of trees known as \\\"Groaning Spinney\\\". She is drawn to investigate when a corpse is found there in imitation of the death of a century earlier.\n- Klein, Kathleen Gregory. *Great Women Mystery Writers: Classic to Contemporary*. Greenwood Press, 1994.\n- Reilly, John M. *Twentieth Century Crime & Mystery Writers*. Springer, 2015.","parent_id":"18e48f227b8e13918b98","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}
{"document_id":"4935794016ad71f11493:0","document_content":"# Sanada Taiheiki (novel)\n{\n`is\u00a0jidaigeki\u00a0novel\u00a0written\u00a0by\u00a0Sh\u014dtar\u014d\u00a0Ikenami.\u00a0The\u00a0novel\u00a0deals\u00a0with\u00a0the\u00a0Sanada\u00a0clan\u00a0during\u00a0the\u00a0Warring\u00a0States\u00a0period\u00a0in\u00a0Japan\u00a0The\u00a0stories\u00a0were\u00a0originally\u00a0serialized\u00a0as\u00a0a\u00a0serial\u00a0in\u00a0the\u00a0Japanese\u00a0magazine\u00a0`*`Sh\u016bkan Asahi`*`\u00a0between\u00a01974\u00a0and\u00a01982.\u00a0The\u00a0novel\u00a0was\u00a0adapted\u00a0into\u00a0a\u00a0television\u00a0series\u00a0in\u00a01985\u00a0and\u00a0a\u00a0manga\u00a0series.`\nSh\u014dtar\u014d Ikenami Sanada Taiheiki Museum was opened in Ueda, Nagano in 1998.\n- *Sanada Taiheiki* (1985)","parent_id":"4935794016ad71f11493","metadata":null,"task_split":"set_operation_entity_retrieval"}