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<g id="a_node12"><a xlink:title="Extreme Points and Even Perturbations">
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<g id="a_node16"><a xlink:title="General Characterization">
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="283" y="-691.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">General Characterization</text>
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<g id="a_node20"><a xlink:title="Finite Number of Constraints">
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="283" y="-556.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">Finite Number of Constraints</text>
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<g id="a_node24"><a xlink:title="Correlation Matrices and Hadamard Rank Inequality">
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="283" y="-421.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">Correlation Matrices and Hadamard Rank Inequality</text>
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<g id="a_node28"><a xlink:title="Applications">
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="283" y="-178.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">Quantum Mechanical States</text>
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<g id="a_node34"><a xlink:title="Conclusion">
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="283" y="-70.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">Conclusion</text>
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<g id="a_node3"><a xlink:title="Characterize extreme points of convex set C.">
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="549" y="-1366.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">Characterize extreme points of convex set C.</text>
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<g id="a_node4"><a xlink:title="C is set of positive linear operators on Hilbert space.">
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="549" y="-1312.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">C is set of positive linear operators on Hilbert space.</text>
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<g id="a_node5"><a xlink:title="Linear constraints are given by TrPA = c for every α.">
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="549" y="-1258.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">Linear constraints are given by TrPA = c for every α.</text>
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<g id="a_node7"><a xlink:title="P is set of positive linear operators on Hilbert space.">
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="549" y="-1204.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">P is set of positive linear operators on Hilbert space.</text>
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<g id="a_node8"><a xlink:title="S is set of bounded linear operators on Hilbert space.">
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="549" y="-1150.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">S is set of bounded linear operators on Hilbert space.</text>
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<g id="a_node9"><a xlink:title="TrA is trace of operator A.">
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="549" y="-1096.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">TrA is trace of operator A.</text>
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<g id="a_node10"><a xlink:title="R(A) is range of operator A.">
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="549" y="-1042.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">R(A) is range of operator A.</text>
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<title>139861107201216</title>
<g id="a_node11"><a xlink:title="N(A) is null space of operator A.">
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="549" y="-988.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">N(A) is null space of operator A.</text>
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<title>139861106728192</title>
<g id="a_node13"><a xlink:title="P is extreme point if no even perturbation exists.">
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="549" y="-934.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">P is extreme point if no even perturbation exists.</text>
</a>
</g>
</g>
<!-- 139861107209920->139861106728192 -->
<g id="edge12" class="edge">
<title>139861107209920->139861106728192</title>
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<!-- 139861107210240 -->
<g id="node14" class="node">
<title>139861107210240</title>
<g id="a_node14"><a xlink:title="Even perturbation is H such that P + H and P - H are in C.">
<path fill="#d3b69c" stroke="#808080" d="M648.5,-900C648.5,-900 449.5,-900 449.5,-900 443.5,-900 437.5,-894 437.5,-888 437.5,-888 437.5,-876 437.5,-876 437.5,-870 443.5,-864 449.5,-864 449.5,-864 648.5,-864 648.5,-864 654.5,-864 660.5,-870 660.5,-876 660.5,-876 660.5,-888 660.5,-888 660.5,-894 654.5,-900 648.5,-900"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="549" y="-880.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">Even perturbation is H such that P + H and P - H are in C.</text>
</a>
</g>
</g>
<!-- 139861107209920->139861107210240 -->
<g id="edge13" class="edge">
<title>139861107209920->139861107210240</title>
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<!-- 139861107201408 -->
<g id="node15" class="node">
<title>139861107201408</title>
<g id="a_node15"><a xlink:title="Theorem 3.1: Characterization of even perturbations.">
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="549" y="-826.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">Theorem 3.1: Characterization of even perturbations.</text>
</a>
</g>
</g>
<!-- 139861107209920->139861107201408 -->
<g id="edge14" class="edge">
<title>139861107209920->139861107201408</title>
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<!-- 139861107202688 -->
<g id="node17" class="node">
<title>139861107202688</title>
<g id="a_node17"><a xlink:title="Theorem 3.3: Three equivalent conditions for P to be extreme point.">
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="549" y="-772.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">Theorem 3.3: Three equivalent conditions for P to be extreme point.</text>
</a>
</g>
</g>
<!-- 139861107209984->139861107202688 -->
<g id="edge16" class="edge">
<title>139861107209984->139861107202688</title>
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<!-- 139861108090816 -->
<g id="node18" class="node">
<title>139861108090816</title>
<g id="a_node18"><a xlink:title="Conditions involve existence of nonzero self-adjoint X.">
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="549" y="-718.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">Conditions involve existence of nonzero self-adjoint X.</text>
</a>
</g>
</g>
<!-- 139861107209984->139861108090816 -->
<g id="edge17" class="edge">
<title>139861107209984->139861108090816</title>
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<!-- 139861108245632 -->
<g id="node19" class="node">
<title>139861108245632</title>
<g id="a_node19"><a xlink:title="X must satisfy certain properties.">
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="549" y="-664.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">X must satisfy certain properties.</text>
</a>
</g>
</g>
<!-- 139861107209984->139861108245632 -->
<g id="edge18" class="edge">
<title>139861107209984->139861108245632</title>
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<!-- 139861106515136 -->
<g id="node21" class="node">
<title>139861106515136</title>
<g id="a_node21"><a xlink:title="Theorem 3.5: Rank characterization of extreme points.">
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="549" y="-610.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">Theorem 3.5: Rank characterization of extreme points.</text>
</a>
</g>
</g>
<!-- 139861106997632->139861106515136 -->
<g id="edge20" class="edge">
<title>139861106997632->139861106515136</title>
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<!-- 139861106727552 -->
<g id="node22" class="node">
<title>139861106727552</title>
<g id="a_node22"><a xlink:title="Rank of P is finite if and only if P is extreme point.">
<path fill="#c6a4d8" stroke="#808080" d="M632.5,-576C632.5,-576 465.5,-576 465.5,-576 459.5,-576 453.5,-570 453.5,-564 453.5,-564 453.5,-552 453.5,-552 453.5,-546 459.5,-540 465.5,-540 465.5,-540 632.5,-540 632.5,-540 638.5,-540 644.5,-546 644.5,-552 644.5,-552 644.5,-564 644.5,-564 644.5,-570 638.5,-576 632.5,-576"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="549" y="-556.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">Rank of P is finite if and only if P is extreme point.</text>
</a>
</g>
</g>
<!-- 139861106997632->139861106727552 -->
<g id="edge21" class="edge">
<title>139861106997632->139861106727552</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="black" d="M342.59,-558C372.18,-558 408.98,-558 443.23,-558"/>
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<!-- 139861107205056 -->
<g id="node23" class="node">
<title>139861107205056</title>
<g id="a_node23"><a xlink:title="Upper bound on rank of extreme points.">
<path fill="#c6a4d8" stroke="#808080" d="M616.5,-522C616.5,-522 481.5,-522 481.5,-522 475.5,-522 469.5,-516 469.5,-510 469.5,-510 469.5,-498 469.5,-498 469.5,-492 475.5,-486 481.5,-486 481.5,-486 616.5,-486 616.5,-486 622.5,-486 628.5,-492 628.5,-498 628.5,-498 628.5,-510 628.5,-510 628.5,-516 622.5,-522 616.5,-522"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="549" y="-502.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">Upper bound on rank of extreme points.</text>
</a>
</g>
</g>
<!-- 139861106997632->139861107205056 -->
<g id="edge22" class="edge">
<title>139861106997632->139861107205056</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="black" d="M342.59,-546.02C376.75,-539.03 420.54,-530.07 458.9,-522.23"/>
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<!-- 139861106521856 -->
<g id="node25" class="node">
<title>139861106521856</title>
<g id="a_node25"><a xlink:title="Correlation matrix is P such that Pii = 1 for all i.">
<path fill="#ffe5b8" stroke="#808080" d="M628,-468C628,-468 470,-468 470,-468 464,-468 458,-462 458,-456 458,-456 458,-444 458,-444 458,-438 464,-432 470,-432 470,-432 628,-432 628,-432 634,-432 640,-438 640,-444 640,-444 640,-456 640,-456 640,-462 634,-468 628,-468"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="549" y="-448.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">Correlation matrix is P such that Pii = 1 for all i.</text>
</a>
</g>
</g>
<!-- 139861107206272->139861106521856 -->
<g id="edge24" class="edge">
<title>139861107206272->139861106521856</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="black" d="M384.18,-433.25C404.99,-435.37 426.92,-437.62 447.73,-439.75"/>
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<!-- 139861107198976 -->
<g id="node26" class="node">
<title>139861107198976</title>
<g id="a_node26"><a xlink:title="Theorem 4.1: Characterization of extreme correlation matrices.">
<path fill="#ffe5b8" stroke="#808080" d="M657.5,-414C657.5,-414 440.5,-414 440.5,-414 434.5,-414 428.5,-408 428.5,-402 428.5,-402 428.5,-390 428.5,-390 428.5,-384 434.5,-378 440.5,-378 440.5,-378 657.5,-378 657.5,-378 663.5,-378 669.5,-384 669.5,-390 669.5,-390 669.5,-402 669.5,-402 669.5,-408 663.5,-414 657.5,-414"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="549" y="-394.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">Theorem 4.1: Characterization of extreme correlation matrices.</text>
</a>
</g>
</g>
<!-- 139861107206272->139861107198976 -->
<g id="edge25" class="edge">
<title>139861107206272->139861107198976</title>
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<!-- 139861108880384 -->
<g id="node27" class="node">
<title>139861108880384</title>
<g id="a_node27"><a xlink:title="Hadamard rank inequality is equality if and only if P is extreme.">
<path fill="#ffe5b8" stroke="#808080" d="M656,-360C656,-360 442,-360 442,-360 436,-360 430,-354 430,-348 430,-348 430,-336 430,-336 430,-330 436,-324 442,-324 442,-324 656,-324 656,-324 662,-324 668,-330 668,-336 668,-336 668,-348 668,-348 668,-354 662,-360 656,-360"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="549" y="-340.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">Hadamard rank inequality is equality if and only if P is extreme.</text>
</a>
</g>
</g>
<!-- 139861107206272->139861108880384 -->
<g id="edge26" class="edge">
<title>139861107206272->139861108880384</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="black" d="M324.12,-404.98C350.87,-393.49 387.04,-378.94 420,-369 427.65,-366.69 435.62,-364.51 443.67,-362.46"/>
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<!-- 139861108084864 -->
<g id="node29" class="node">
<title>139861108084864</title>
<g id="a_node29"><a xlink:title="Sensitivity analysis of PCA with incomplete data.">
<path fill="#c2e3e3" stroke="#808080" d="M630,-306C630,-306 468,-306 468,-306 462,-306 456,-300 456,-294 456,-294 456,-282 456,-282 456,-276 462,-270 468,-270 468,-270 630,-270 630,-270 636,-270 642,-276 642,-282 642,-282 642,-294 642,-294 642,-300 636,-306 630,-306"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="549" y="-286.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">Sensitivity analysis of PCA with incomplete data.</text>
</a>
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</g>
<!-- 139861107805120->139861108084864 -->
<g id="edge28" class="edge">
<title>139861107805120->139861108084864</title>
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<!-- 139861107809664 -->
<g id="node30" class="node">
<title>139861107809664</title>
<g id="a_node30"><a xlink:title="Optimization on quantum mechanical states.">
<path fill="#c2e3e3" stroke="#808080" d="M623.5,-252C623.5,-252 474.5,-252 474.5,-252 468.5,-252 462.5,-246 462.5,-240 462.5,-240 462.5,-228 462.5,-228 462.5,-222 468.5,-216 474.5,-216 474.5,-216 623.5,-216 623.5,-216 629.5,-216 635.5,-222 635.5,-228 635.5,-228 635.5,-240 635.5,-240 635.5,-246 629.5,-252 623.5,-252"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="549" y="-232.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">Optimization on quantum mechanical states.</text>
</a>
</g>
</g>
<!-- 139861107805120->139861107809664 -->
<g id="edge29" class="edge">
<title>139861107805120->139861107809664</title>
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<!-- 139861107582080 -->
<g id="node32" class="node">
<title>139861107582080</title>
<g id="a_node32"><a xlink:title="State of particle is represented by density operator P.">
<path fill="#ffd2ea" stroke="#808080" d="M639.5,-198C639.5,-198 458.5,-198 458.5,-198 452.5,-198 446.5,-192 446.5,-186 446.5,-186 446.5,-174 446.5,-174 446.5,-168 452.5,-162 458.5,-162 458.5,-162 639.5,-162 639.5,-162 645.5,-162 651.5,-168 651.5,-174 651.5,-174 651.5,-186 651.5,-186 651.5,-192 645.5,-198 639.5,-198"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="549" y="-178.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">State of particle is represented by density operator P.</text>
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</g>
<!-- 139861107806272->139861107582080 -->
<g id="edge31" class="edge">
<title>139861107806272->139861107582080</title>
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<!-- 139861112237120 -->
<g id="node33" class="node">
<title>139861112237120</title>
<g id="a_node33"><a xlink:title="P must satisfy certain properties.">
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="549" y="-124.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">P must satisfy certain properties.</text>
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<!-- 139861107806272->139861112237120 -->
<g id="edge32" class="edge">
<title>139861107806272->139861112237120</title>
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<!-- 139861108095808 -->
<g id="node35" class="node">
<title>139861108095808</title>
<g id="a_node35"><a xlink:title="Summary of main results.">
<path fill="#fff9ff" stroke="#808080" d="M590.5,-90C590.5,-90 507.5,-90 507.5,-90 501.5,-90 495.5,-84 495.5,-78 495.5,-78 495.5,-66 495.5,-66 495.5,-60 501.5,-54 507.5,-54 507.5,-54 590.5,-54 590.5,-54 596.5,-54 602.5,-60 602.5,-66 602.5,-66 602.5,-78 602.5,-78 602.5,-84 596.5,-90 590.5,-90"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="549" y="-70.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">Summary of main results.</text>
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</g>
<!-- 139861107815808->139861108095808 -->
<g id="edge34" class="edge">
<title>139861107815808->139861108095808</title>
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<!-- 139861110545792 -->
<g id="node36" class="node">
<title>139861110545792</title>
<g id="a_node36"><a xlink:title="Future research directions.">
<path fill="#fff9ff" stroke="#808080" d="M593.5,-36C593.5,-36 504.5,-36 504.5,-36 498.5,-36 492.5,-30 492.5,-24 492.5,-24 492.5,-12 492.5,-12 492.5,-6 498.5,0 504.5,0 504.5,0 593.5,0 593.5,0 599.5,0 605.5,-6 605.5,-12 605.5,-12 605.5,-24 605.5,-24 605.5,-30 599.5,-36 593.5,-36"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="549" y="-16.1" font-family="Arial" font-size="8.00">Future research directions.</text>
</a>
</g>
</g>
<!-- 139861107815808->139861110545792 -->
<g id="edge35" class="edge">
<title>139861107815808->139861110545792</title>
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