Assessing PM2.5 pollution in the Northeastern United States from the 2023 Canadian wildfire smoke: an episodic study integrating air quality and health impact modeling with emissions and meteorological uncertainty analysis

Abstract: Between June 6 and 8, 2023, wildfires in Quebec, Canada generated massive smoke plumes that traveled long distances and deteriorated air quality across the Northeastern United States (US). Surface daily PM _2.5 observations exceeded 100 µ g m ^−3 , affecting major cities such as New York City and Philadelphia, while many areas lacked PM _2.5 monitors, making it difficult to assess local air quality conditions. To address this gap, we developed a WRF-CMAQ-BenMAP modeling system to provide rapid, spatially continuous estimates of wildfire-attributable PM _2.5 concentrations and associated health impacts, particularly benefiting regions lacking air quality monitoring. CMAQ simulations driven by two wildfire emissions datasets and two meteorological drivers showed good agreement with PM _2.5 observations, with linear regression results of R ^2 ∼0.6 and slope ∼0.9. We further quantified uncertainties introduced by varying emissions and meteorological drivers and found the choice of wildfire emissions dataset alone can alter PM _2.5 simulations by up to 40 µ g m ^−3 (∼40%). Short-term health impacts were evaluated using the BenMAP model. Validation against asthma-associated emergency department (ED) visits in New York State confirmed the framework’s ability to replicate real-world outcomes, with ED visits increased up to ∼40%. The modeling results identified counties most severely affected by wildfire plumes, the majority of which lack regulatory air quality monitors. Our approach highlights the value of integrated modeling for identifying vulnerable populations and delivering timely health burden estimates, regardless of local monitoring availability.

Hao He
Timothy P Canty
Russell R Dickerson
Joel Dreessen
Amir Sapkota
Michel Boudreaux


Beyond 2030: structures for achieving sustainable development

Abstract: With 2030 quickly approaching and hence the end of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) timeline, it is necessary to start the conversation as to what the post-2030 international development goals, that will take over from the SDGs, will look like. Building on the experiences of implementing the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and SDGs, there is the possibility of making the post-2030 goals the most efficient and successful to date. This perspective explores the lessons that have been learnt from the MDGs and SDGs, and together with a consideration of emerging global trends develops proposals for post-2030 goals and targets. In total seven goals are suggested: (1) Operate within planetary boundaries (2) Create growth within resource limits (3) Provide access to basic services for all (4) Eliminate poverty and hunger (5) Reduce inequality (6) Deliver good health and education for all (7) Build strong institutions and international partnerships. The goals are categorised as being: (i) Environmental and Economic (ii) Physical Assets (iii) Social, and (iv) Collaboration. System interdependencies and possible causal connections between the proposed post-2030 goals are also explored. A novel approach of five yearly assessments of the risks involved if the targets are not met, together with suggestions for corrective action is discussed, which will help inform governments and decision makers of the urgent actions needed. To avoid a disruptive future, careful formulation of the post SDG period beyond 2030 is urgently needed to provide a fair and consistent framework to hold both government and industry to account at local, national, and international levels. This will require the strengthening of existing international institutions and strategies for the financing of development.


Decarbonization of the aviation sector must address air quality concerns

Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering


Influence of the date of cut of rootstocks to the stub on growth of maider sour cherry trees cv. 'Łutówka'

Abstract: Over a three-year period (1997-1999) investigations were conducted on the effect of 6 date of cut to the stub on tree trunk diameter, height and branching of sour cherry maidens in the nursery.On the Prunus mahaleb seedling rootstock were found no significant influen ce of the date between January, 15 - March, 30 of cut to the stub on growth of sour cherry maidens cv. ´Łutówka' (tree  trunk  diameter and branching)  and  efficiency  of nursery. The date of cutting in 15 April decreased trunk diameter and percent of the first quality trees.

Stanisław Wociór
Magdalena Kapłan
Salwina Palonka
Irena Wójcik


Improving Income from Coconut Cultivation through Farm Level Value Addition – An Analysis

Abstract: Coconut cultivation in India is mostly in small and marginal land holdings. Farm level coconut processing for value addition is one of the options for risk reduction and improving the income from such holdings. This study was conducted during 2009-10 with the objectives of analyzing the profile of farm level processors as well as the constraints faced by those who have adopted minimal processing at the farm-household and community levels. It was found that 63.3% of the respondents were of middle age group, literate, low income group and 80% of them were women. The experience in coconut value addition was for 8 years or less. Further, the entrepreneurship behavior of the respondents was found to be positively and significantly correlated with the credit availed, annual income and investment made. The analysis on the utility of the training programmes indicated  need for reorientation of training curricula in terms of project preparation techniques, communication/marketing  skills etc. The value addition obtained per nut was found to vary from Rs.0.5 to Rs.15 depending on the products. The constraints and suggestions for improving farm level value addition were also furnished as perceived by the respondent farmers. The study showed that there is tremendous potential for farm level value addition for utilizing the marketable surplus of coconut locally. The importance of providing further technical support to those involved in value addition was also revealed by the study.


Uravnavanje kislosti belih in rdečih vin s kemijskim razkisom

Abstract: Zmanjšanje skupnih kislin in s tem povezano povečanje pH v kislinsko bogatih moštih ali vinih ima za vinarje zelo velik pomen in tudi posledice. Uravnavanje kislosti lahko izvedemo s kemijskim razkisom (s kalcijevim karbonatom ali kalijevim hidrogenkarbonatom) ali pa z biološko razgradnjo (pretvorbo jabolčne kisline v mlečno kislino z mlečnokislinskimi bakterijami). Kemijski razkis s karbonati je bolj priporočljivo izvesti v moštih kot v vinih. Obseg kemijskega razkisa naj temelji na določevanju želene vsebnosti skupnih kislin in pH, ne le na podlagi senzorične ocene. Pufrna kapaciteta ter razmerje med vinsko in jabolčno kislino pomembno vplivajo na obseg kemijskega razkisa. Poudariti je potrebno, da je zaznava kislosti ali omlednosti vina odvisna predvsem od vsebnosti skupnih kislin, medtem ko vrednost pH določa mikrobiološko stabilnost.

University of Ljubljana Press (Založba Univerze v Ljubljani)


Iron and zinc foliage sprays: Radioactive tracers being used in basic studies on factors influencing absorption and translocation of micronutrients

Abstract: Sprays have been the most effective method—to date—of supplying the micronutrients iron and zinc to many crops. Although considerable research has been done in recent years on the use of metal chelates for soil application of these two nutrients, the use of such materials is recommended only for high-value plantings. Spray application is still indicated for most crops. For this reason basic studies are being conducted on factors influencing the absorption and the subsequent translocation of these two elements.

University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources


Tomando buenas decisiones: Estrategias de crianza para guiar a los niños pequeños sobre el uso de los medios de comunicación

Abstract: Now available in Spanish, this is part of a series of publications by David C. Diehl and Stephanie C. Toelle that addresses media and its effects on young children, from birth to age six. The series is designed to reach both professional educators and parents and to provide research summaries, tips for parents, and internet resources for further information. Spanish versions published by the UF Department of Family Youth and Community Sciences, June 2011. UF/IFAS photo: Thomas Wright.

The University of Florida George A. Smathers Libraries

Agriculture (General)
Plant culture
Biology (General)


Unlocking the Power of Eggs: Nutritional Insights, Bioactive Compounds, and the Advantages of Omega-3 and Omega-6 Enriched Varieties

Abstract: This study explores the nutritional benefits and health implications of omega-3- and omega-6-enriched eggs, positioning them within the context of functional foods aimed at improving public health outcomes. With rising consumer interest in nutritionally fortified foods, omega-enriched eggs have emerged as a viable source of essential fatty acids, offering potential benefits for cardiovascular health, inflammation reduction, and cognitive function. This research examines enrichment techniques, particularly dietary modifications for laying hens, such as the inclusion of flaxseed and algae, to enhance omega-3 content and balance the omega-6-to-omega-3 ratio in eggs. The findings indicate that enriched eggs provide significantly higher levels of essential fatty acids and bioactive compounds than conventional eggs, aligning with dietary needs in populations with limited access to traditional omega-3 sources like fish. This study further addresses consumer perception challenges, regulatory constraints, and environmental considerations related to sustainable production practices. The conclusions underscore the value of omega-enriched eggs as a functional food that aligns with health-conscious dietary trends and recommend ongoing research to refine enrichment methods and expand market accessibility.

Marius Giorgi Usturoi
Roxana Nicoleta Rațu
Ioana Cristina Crivei
Ionuț Dumitru Veleșcu
Alexandru Usturoi
Florina Stoica
Răzvan-Mihail Radu Rusu


Index of Relative Importance of the Dietary Proportions of Sloth Bear (<i>Melursus ursinus</i>) in Semi-Arid Region

Abstract: Characterisations of the Sloth bear (Melursus ursinus) diet during three distinguished seasons (monsoon, winter and summer) in the semi-arid region of western India was under study. Diet was estimated using scat analysis, based on the calculation of Index of Relative Importance (IRI) in order to determine the contribution of different food items in the Sloth bear diet. Sloth bears were observed to feed on a wide variety of prey items. They are specialized on insect prey, particularly termites or ants, and are considered as myrmecophagous. The myrmecophagousis character was confirmed by the highest score of insect part (IRI = 21.37) from the samples (n = 566), which was followed by Diospyros melanoxylon (IRI Score 13.51), Ficus spp. (IRI score 12.69) and Cassia fistula (IRI Score 10.13). Sloth bear dietary proportions varied among the three seasons under the study interval. Data suggested that the Sloth bear is essentially behaving as an omnivore, having similar diet (in terms of high incidence of wild fruits and insects) with the bears inhabiting semi-arid regions. The opportunistic and generalist strategy of selecting diet ingredients has probably helped the species to survive in semi-arid habitat across the North Gujarat.

Society of Land Measurements and Cadastre from Transylvania (SMTCT)


Moulds occurrence in woodchips

Abstract: The research, whose results are presented, is aimed at determination of development of moulds number in wood chips under different storage temperatures. The experiments were carried out with the moisture of samples 65%, 22% and 1%. During the long-term storage the effect of water content in material on development of moulds can be recorded. The risks linked to mould occurrence can be considerably eliminated by reduction of water content.


Abstract:
Chilling injury (CI) is a physiological disorder that is occasionally reported on fresh citrus shipments from Florida. It is most often characterized by areas of the peel that collapse and darken to form pits. Pitting is not targeted to the oil glands. Less severe symptoms may show up as circular or arched areas of discoloration or scalding. Packers and shippers should keep in mind several factors that influence if and to what degree grapefruit develop CI. This document is HS935, one of a series of the Horticultural Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Publication date: July 2003.

HS935/HS191: Chilling Injury of Grapefruit and its Control (ufl.edu)

Accessibility Summary:

In accordance with Title II regulations this content meets all points of exemption as Archived web content and/or Preexisting conventional electronic documents.

Mark A. Ritenour
Huating Dou
Greg T. McCollum


Preliminary research on amino acid composition and nutritional value of clover proteins

Abstract: The amino acid composition and nutritional value of 5 clover varieties including 3 Polish ones ('Gloria', 'Hruszowska', 'Skrzeszowicka') and 2 of foreign origin ('Rotra' and 'Violetta') were investigated. No significant differences in the total protein content (19.2–20.0% of dry matter) as well as in qualitative amino acid composition were found among the clover varieties under examination. EAA index (Essential amino acid index) calculated according to Oser for 'Gloria' and 'Hruszowska' showed the highest nutritional value was – 40. The lowest value of EAA index was found for 'Violetta' cvar. – 32, intermediate values however for Rotra and Skrzeszowicka was 37 and 36.

L. Kłyszejko-Stefanowicz
Z. Polanowska
W. Krajewska
J. Radwański
W. Maciejewska-Potapczyk


COLECTA Y CARACTERIZACIÓN MORFOLÓGICA DE 'CHILE DE AGUA' (Capsicum annuum L.) EN OAXACA, MÉXICO

Abstract: El estado de Oaxaca, México, tiene zonas productoras de 'chile de agua' (Capsicum annuum L.) que se diferencian por sus características fisiográficas y agroecológicas. Con el objetivo de generar conocimiento que contribuya a la conservación y mejoramiento genético del potencial productivo de esta especie, en ocho zonas se colectó germoplasma y caracterizó in situ durante 2006 y 2007 bajo un esquema de muestreo completamente aleatorio, con dos localidades por zona y diez plantas por localidad, para lo cual se empleó la guía del Instituto Internacional de Recursos Fitogenéticos. Durante 2008, para disminuir el efecto ambiental, se llevó a cabo una caracterización morfológica ex situ en condiciones de invernadero, para ello las ocho colectas (360 plantas) fueron cultivadas bajo un sistema intensivo en hidroponía, en un diseño experimental completamente al azar, la información se obtuvo de ocho muestreos efectuados cada quince días, en los cuales se identificaron descriptores de raíz, tallo, flor, fruto y semilla, que permitieron diferenciar (selección de variables) las colectas e identificarlas en tres grupos (análisis de agrupamiento de mínima varianza de Ward) y describir las características responsables de la agrupación (análisis de componentes principales). El germoplasma de la zona de Ocotlán, Oaxaca, resultó promisorio para un proceso de mejoramiento genético por presentar los frutos con los caracteres más deseables para el mercado.

David Martínez-Sánchez
Mario Pérez-Grajales
Juan Enrique Rodríguez-Pérez
Esaú del Carmen Moreno Pérez


Research Progress of Citrus Melanose

Abstract: Citrus melanose consists of a series of plant diseases caused by the fungal species of the genus Diaporthe. It has been reported with over 30 Diaporthe species on citrus, including several important fungal pathogens, endophytes, saprophytes, and also latent fungal pathogens with an endophytic/saprophytic lifestyle. Among them, the disease symptoms caused by Diaporthe citri are complex, and the black spots and sand skin symptoms produced on fruits and leaves are the most serious harm to citrus. Currently, the primers and methods for the detection of D. citri have been constructed, and are supposed to be used in field monitor of the dynamics of the pathogen and the epidemiology of the caused diseases. In the orchard, the infection and outbreak of melanose is highly correlated to the orchard damage by natural disasters and continuous rainfalls, the main disease control strategy should be the combination method of agricultural control, physical control, and chemical control.For the agricultural control, the dead woods, twigs, and leaves should be cleared to reduce the formation of infection sources; for the physical control, it is important to avoid plant wounds by cold and sunburn, and the conidia spread by rains; for the chemical control, the usage of fungicides should be protective to the plant wounds, and also over the period of rainfalls. In addition, the research of the biological control of citrus melanose is still in its infancy, several studies have isolated different antagonistic microorganisms and tested their effects on the control of citrus melanose, which suggest their promising roles as supplementary fungicides. This review summarized the major research progresses of citrus melanose at home and abroad, and aimed to offer some insights to the control of the disease.

Feng HUANG
Aitian PENG
Xiaobing SONG
Yiping CUI
Jinfeng LING
Xia CHEN
Hongye LI

Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences


Determination of an appropriate model for optimum use of N fertilizer in furrow irrigation

Abstract: Estimation of optimum fertilizer application is of interest because of production cost, environmental concerns, and performance increase. Optimum fertilizer rates can be determined by fitting statistical models to yield data collected from N fertilizer experi-ments. Quadratic polynomial, square root, Mitscherlich, hyperbolic trigonometry, quadratic polynomial threshold, and threshold linear models which describe the production function of sugar beet to different rates of N fertilization (0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 kg/ha) were evaluated with supplemental furrow irrigation in three replications in each of two years (2003 to 2004) of experiment. Economic, optimum N rates were estimated based on both fertilizer and crop costs in two years. The fertilizer rate was variable based on fertilizer cost to crop cost and also the applied model. Results showed that the quadratic polynomial model is the most appropriate model for describing the production function and optimal N application in sugar beet production. Using this model, the economic, optimum N rates in 2003 and 2004 were 235.8 and 248.9 kg/ha, respectively.

S. Rezvani
A. Noruzi
K. Azari
A. M. Jafari


Photosynthesis and Rubisco kinetics in spring wheat and meadow fescue under conditions of simulated climate change with elevated CO2 and increased temperatures

Abstract: Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.cv.Polkka)and meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Hudson cv. Kalevi)cwere grown in ambient and elevated (700 µl l -1 )carbon dioxide concentration both at present ambient temperatures and at temperatures 3°C higher than at present simulating a future climate.The CO2 concentrations were elevated in large (3 m in diameter)open top chambers and the temperatures in a greenhouse built over the experimental field.The photosynthetic rate of both wheat and meadow fescue was 31 37%higher in elevated carbon dioxide (eCO2 )than in ambient CO 2 (aCO2 )throughout the growing season.The enhancement in wheat photosynthesis in eCO2 declined 10 13 days before yellow ripeness,at which point the rate of photosynthesis in both CO 2 treatments declined.The stomatal conductance of wheat and meadow fescue was 2336% lower in eCO2 than in aCO2 .The amount and activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (Rubisco) in wheat were lower under conditions of eCO2 ,except at elevated temperatures in 1993 when there was a clear yield increase.There was no clear change in the amount and activity of Rubisco in meadow fescue under eCO2 at either elevated or ambient temperature.This suggests that adaptation to elevated CO2 at biochemical level occurs only when there is insufficient sink for photosynthetic products.While the sink size of wheat can be increased only by introducing new,more productive genotypes,the sink size of meadow fescue can be regulated by fitting the cutting schedule to growth.;

Scientific Agricultural Society of Finland


Les paysanneries centrafricaines à l’épreuve du conflit des années 2010

Abstract: Le conflit qui a débuté en 2012 a fortement affecté les campagnes centrafricaines, déjà fragilisées par des décennies de marginalisation et par les précédentes crises sécuritaires. Pillages et insécurité prolongée déstabilisent les villages. Tant individuellement que collectivement, les paysans tentent de s’adapter à ce contexte de crise et aux transformations qu’il induit. Mais face à une insécurité qui demeure forte, beaucoup ne parviennent qu’à résister au quotidien à l’adversité vécue. La résilience des paysans, tant souhaitée par les acteurs de l’aide humanitaire, demeure peu apparente dans ces campagnes.


Response of Multi-Stressed <i>Olea europaea</i> Trees to the Adjustment of Soil pH by Acidifying Agents: Impacts on Nutrient Uptake and Productivity

Abstract: Soil pH is the most important factor in evaluating plant nutritional status due to its close association with nutrient availability. In the 2018 and 2019 seasons, two field experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of olive trees (Olea europaea, Picual cv.) grown in sandy clay loam soil under multi-abiotic stresses with the application of three different acidifying agents (AAs), acetic (AC), citric (CA), and sulfuric (SA) acid, at two doses (25 and 50 cm3; AC1 and AC2, CA1 and CA2, and SA1 and SA2, respectively), as compared with a control treatment. This study was established according to a randomized complete block design. In general, our results showed that all the AAs applied surpassed the control treatment with respect to all the studied parameters except for the leaf iron content. Furthermore, the trees treated with CA yielded the best results in terms of the leaf nitrogen, calcium, and magnesium contents; the physiological and growth parameters (except for the performance index); the total fruit weight, flesh weight, and flesh dry matter; the fruit diameter; the oil content; and the total olive yield. Furthermore, the maximum leaf potassium, manganese, zinc, and copper contents were obtained in the trees growing in soil injected with AC. The correlation coefficient fluctuated between positive and negative among the studied characteristics.

Hamada R. Beheiry
Ahmed A. M. Awad
Hamdy A. Z. Hussein


Florida Dairy Farm Situation and Outlook 2008

Abstract:
AN200, a 4-page fact sheet by Russ Giesy, Albert De Vries, and Jay Giesy, describes the situation, outlook, and challenges and opportunities for Florida dairy production in 2008. Published by the UF Department of Animal Sciences, July 2008.

Accessibility Summary:

In accordance with Title II regulations this content meets all points of exemption as Archived web content and/or Preexisting conventional electronic documents.


Effects of Organic/Synthetic Fertilizers on Stimulated Biosynthesis of Polyphenol Compounds: Efficiency and Sustainability of Plants and Weeds in Monoculture and Competitive Conditions

Abstract: Intensified use of fertilizers enhances crop yield; however, it can also make weed management more challenging. In addition to providing nutrients to crops, fertilizers also provide nutrients to weeds when they grow together with crops. All this leads to competition between crops and weeds, which is an important source of biotic stress. As a defense mechanism against biotic stress, plants accumulate polyphenolic compounds and increase antioxidant activity. This study aims to quantify the influence of organic and synthetic fertilizers on weed behavior and competitiveness in agroecosystems by evaluating total phenol content, polyphenolic acids (chlorogenic, ferulic, p-coumaric, and trans-cinnamic) content, and their antioxidative activity in weeds (Avena fatua and Abutilon theophrasti) and wheat and their rhizospheres across different cultivation systems (monoculture vs. competitive conditions). Our study showed that under competitive conditions, the use of fertilizers significantly increased the concentration of selected individual phenolic acids in all tested species (weeds and wheat) compared to monoculture. In addition, the level of antioxidant activity and total phenolic content in the weed leaves (Avena fatua and Abutilon teophrasti) was higher compared to the control after the application of all tested fertilizers when grown in competition with wheat (total phenolic content in Avena fatua: C vs. F1 p = 0.025 *, C vs. F3 p = 0.008 **; in Abutilon teophrasti: C vs. F2 p = 0.0000 **). The application of all tested fertilizers affected the increase in antioxidant activity in weed plants (p = 0.0000 ** in Avena fatua and in Abutilon teophrasti C vs. F1, p = 0.013 *, and C vs. F2, p = 0.0012 **). This shows that, in plants, response to stress levels not only total phenol, but also their antioxidative activity should be taken into consideration.

Danijela Šikuljak
Sanja Đurović
Ana Anđelković
Layth Nesseef
Mohamed A. Elahmar
Snežana Janković


Typologie pour l’action des exploitations des zones cotonnières de Côte d’Ivoire

Abstract: Dans les zones cotonnières de l’Afrique de l’Ouest et du Centre, le soutien apporté aux exploitations dans le cadre d’actions nationales ou en coopération ne repose pas sur une typologie des exploitations, que ce soit pour l’identification des actions à conduire ou pour l’évaluation de celles-ci. Une telle situation peut résulter d’un manque de typologie ou, plus souvent, du manque d’application effective et régulière d’une typologie. Cet article propose une démarche de typologie pour l’action en Côte d’Ivoire, la distribution des exploitations entre les types servant à identifier les actions à conduire puis à évaluer leurs impacts. Cette typologie est fondée sur l’identification d’un critère quantitatif simple et sur la mesure des niveaux de divers indicateurs techniques et socio-économiques corrélés avec le critère choisi. La typologie, basée sur les données d’une enquête faite en 2014, a été établie sur la base du seul critère de la possession de bovins, en cohérence avec la tradition de thésaurisation dans le bétail. En raison des corrélations entre ce critère et d’autres, les quatre types d’exploitations différenciés par le niveau de possession de bovins sont aussi clairement différents pour leurs performances techniques et financières dans la culture du coton, les caractéristiques des agriculteurs (âge, taille des familles et des exploitations…), ainsi que pour la possession de biens durables. La typologie proposée est adaptée au contexte local, simple d’application, flexible dans son évolution et pourrait être utile pour la définition de politiques dans les zones cotonnières de Côte d’Ivoire. Pour son application dans la durée, elle requerrait cependant d’actualiser les relations des divers indicateurs techniques et socio-économiques avec le critère de possession de bovins. La tradition commune de thésaurisation dans le bétail autorise à penser que la typologie étudiée pourrait aussi être adaptée pour les autres pays producteurs de coton d’Afrique de l’Ouest et du Centre.


Breeding of the herbifagic insect Tarachidia candefacta Hubn. on an artificial nutrient medium to suppress the development of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L plants

Abstract: Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) is an invasive plant species from the American continent, which has actively penetrated plant communities, displacing local species of cultivated and weed vegetation. The uncontrolled development and widespread distribution of ragweed in the South of Russia are associated with the absence of natural enemies of this weed. Ragweed is not only a competitor of cultivated and weed plants but also causes allergic diseases. The ragweed moth (Tarachidia candefacta Hbn.) was imported from Canada as a biological agent to control ragweed's development and distribution. We used the mass release of herbiphage into agrocenoses during the emergence of ragweed, which implies an artificial shift in the phenophase of the bioagent, which was achieved by early mass dilution on an artificial nutrient medium (ANM) under laboratory conditions. To cultivate the ragweed moth, the ANM was improved by adding powdered milk as a source of protein and vitamins to the composition, which made it possible to improve the quality of the environment and improve the biological indicators of the development of the bioagent. Replacement of wheat germ with soybean meal in ANM made it possible to obtain a feed balanced in protein and amino acid composition for growing herbiphage. As a result of the research, a method of colonization of the ragweed moth was developed, based on the early mass cultivation of herbiphage on an improved formulation of ANM and the release of T. candefacta at the beginning of the growing season of the weed, which allowed to suppress its growth by half.

Irina S. Agasieva
Anton S. Nastasiy
Mariya V. Nefedova


Concentração de potássio na solução nutritiva e a qualidade e número de frutos de melão por planta em hidroponia

Abstract: O experimento foi conduzido em hidroponia (NFT) no período de junho a novembro de 2001, na FCAV-UNESP em Jaboticabal-SP, situada a 21º15’ 22" Sul, 48º18’58" Oeste, e altitude de 575 metros. O híbrido Bônus n0 2 foi cultivado em blocos casualizados, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com seis repetições. Os elementos avaliados foram número de frutos por planta (2, 3, 4 e fixação livre) e concentração de potássio na solução nutritiva (66; 115,5; 165 e 247,5mg L-1). O experimento teve como objetivo avaliar a concentração de potássio na solução nutritiva e número de frutos por planta sobre a qualidade dos frutos do meloeiro. Concentrações maiores do que 66mg L-1 de potássio na solução nutritiva não promoveram incrementos nas características de qualidade dos frutos do meloeiro como: teor de sólidos solúveis médio de todos os frutos da planta, do segundo fruto, da acidez total titulável média de todos os frutos da planta, do primeiro fruto, do segundo fruto, do índice de maturação, da espessura da polpa e do índice de formato dos frutos. Frutos oriundos de plantas de melão com dois frutos apresentaram maior teor de sólidos solúveis e acidez total titulável, independente da concentração de potássio na solução nutritiva. O maior número de frutos por planta reduziu a espessura do mesocarpo dos frutos.

Caciana Cavalcanti Costa
Arthur Bernardes Cecílio Filho
Rodrigo Luiz Cavarianni
José Carlos Barbosa


Economic viability of crude glycerin in diets for lambs finished in feedlot

Abstract: The aim was to evaluate the economic viability of increasing levels of crude glycerin (CG) in diets for finishing lambs. The trial was carried out at Southwest State University of Bahia, Itapetinga-BA. Twenty five crossbred, Santa Inês x Dorper, with 24 ± 2,0 kg, were housed in individual pens. The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments and five replications. Treatments consisted of increasing levels of dietary CG (0, 2.65, 5.33, 8.06 and 10.84%) and the roughage used was the Tifton 85 hay. Diets were formulated to meet the nutritional requeriments, aiming a gain of 200 g day-1. The analysis was based on use of economic indicators Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The animals dry matter intake decreased linearly (P<0.05) as the glycerin levels increased in the diet. However, there was no effect (P>0.05) on performance and meat production results. None of the treatments showed economic viability.

Mauriceia Costa Carvalho Barros
Jair de Araújo Marques
Robério Rodrigues Silva
Fabiano Ferreira da Silva
Lucas Teixeira Costa
Gilmara Santos Guimarães
Luciano Lemos da Silva
José Joaquim Nunes Gusmão


Caracterização da piscicultura na região do Vale do Ribeira - SP Characterization of fish farming in the Ribeira Valley region - SP

Abstract: Este trabalho buscou caracterizar a piscicultura na Região do Vale do Ribeira quanto aos sistemas de manejo. Estudaram-se quarenta e duas pisciculturas sendo que, destas, 36 praticam o sistema semi-intensivo e seis o sistema intensivo, com os seguintes objetivos: engorda de peixes, produção de alevinos e pesque-pagues. Foram listadas 41 espécies de peixes cultivadas. Apenas 6 espécies são nativas da Bacia do Rio Ribeira de Iguape: lambari (Astyanax sp Linneaus, 1758), traíra (Hoplias malabaricus Bloch, 1794), robalo (Centropomus ssp Cuvier e Valenciennes, 1928), jundiá (Rhamdia quelen Quoy e Gaimard, 1824), cascudo (Hypostomus sp Marschall, 1873) e cará (Geophagus brasiliensis Quoy e Gaimard, 1824). Em 95% das pisciculturas foram verificadas fugas de peixes exóticos e alóctones dos cultivos. A tilápia nilótica (Oreochromis niloticus Linneaus, 1758) foi a espécie mais freqüente em escapes, e também é a segunda mais cultivada pelos piscicultores, perdendo somente para o pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus Halmberg, 1887). Foi possível verificar mediante o cálculo da conversão alimentar, que há um desperdício anual de cerca de 32% da ração utilizada nos cultivos pesquisados. A piscicultura encontra-se em plena expansão nesta região, e já representa a atividade agropecuária mais importante após a bananicultura.<br>The aim of this work was to characterize the fish farming in the Ribeira de Iguape Basin, southern São Paulo State (Brazil), in relation to the management systems. Forty two farms were studied. A semi-intensive system is used by 36 farmers, while an intensive system is used only by 6 studied farmers. Their objectives were raising fish, juvenile fish production and sportive fishery. Forty one fish species were found to be cultivated, but only six were native species from Ribeira Valley: lambari (Astyanax sp Linneaus, 1758), traíra (Hoplias malabaricus Bloch, 1794), robalo (Centropomus ssp Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1928), jundiá (Rhamdia quelen Quoy and Gaimard, 1824), cascudo (Hypostomus sp Marschall, 1873) and cará (Geophagus brasiliensis Quoy and Gaimard, 1824). Fish escapes were observed in 95% of farms studied, with Nile tilapia (Oreocrhomis niloticus Linneaus, 1758) being the most frequent. The pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus Halmberg, 1887) and Nile tilapia were the most cultivated species. According to estimation of food conversion, around 32% of food supplied was wasted yearly. The fish farming is an activity in expansion in the Ribeira Valley and account for the second regional economic activity after banana cultivation.


ESTIMATING THE GENETIC PARAMETERS OF YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENT TRAITS IN SQUASH (Cucurbita pepo, L.)

Abstract:
The main objective of this investigation was to determine the genetic parameters, heritability in both broad and narrow senses, combining abilities and correlation foryield and yield component traitsin squash (Cucurbita pepo, L.). For this purpose, five squash varieties were used .These varieties were: Eskandrani (P1); Zucchino tondo di piacenza (P2); Black beouty (P3); Zucchino romanesco (P4) and Coppi (P5). During the summer season of 2011, acomplete diallel crosses mating design was made to evaluate the performances of  the 20 F1 hybrids including the reciprocal will their five  parental varieties in afield trial at the Experimental Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University.
     Data were recorded on the following traits, number of fruitsper plant (No.F./P.), fruits yield per plant (F.Y./P.Kg), fruit length (F.L.cm), fruit diameter (F.D.cm) and  fruit shape index (F.Sh.I).
             The results indicated that the mean squares for all genotypes were highly significant for all yield and yield component traits.
                The results of means showed that Eskandrani (P1) was the highest parent for Number of fruits per plant No.F./P.  the parental variety Zucchino romanesco (P4)  was the highest variety for F.L.cm and F.Sh.I. However, the highest F1 hybrid for fruit yield per plant was Eskandrani (P1)  × Zucchino tondo di piacenza (P2)with the mean value  of 11.24 kg. Whereas, the highest F1r  hybrid was Zucchino romanesco (P4)  × Eskandrani (P1)  with the mean value of 10.51 kg.
                The results revealed that the GCA effects (gi) were highly significant for the two parents: Eskandrani (P1)  and Zucchino romanesco (P4) for F.L.cm, F.D.cm and F.Sh.I traits. At the same time, the results also revealed that the GCA effects were highly significant for the parents: Zucchino tondo di Piacenza (P2) for F.L.cm and F.D.cm;  Black beouty (P3) for F.D.cm and F.Sh.I and Coppi (P5) for F.Sh.I.
                The results indicated the importance of both (GCA) and (SCA) combining abilities. General combining abilities (GCA) were larger than specific combining abilities (SCA) for all yield and yield component traits except fruits yield per plant (F.Y./P.Kg). The estimates of heritability in broad sense (h2b) were larger in magnitudes than those of narrow sense (h2n) for all studied traits. The values of heritabilities in broad sense ranged from0.513 to 0.894 for yield and yield component traits.

A. H. Abd El-Hadi
K. A. Zaied
Eman A. Abd El-Raziq

Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Biotechnology

Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture


The Effects of Alkaline Pretreatment on Agricultural Biomasses (Corn Cob and Sweet Sorghum Bagasse) and Their Hydrolysis by a Termite-Derived Enzyme Cocktail

Abstract: Sweet sorghum bagasse (SSB) and corncob (CC) have been identified as promising feedstocks for the production of second-generation biofuels and other value-added chemicals. In this study, lime (Ca(OH)2) and NaOH pretreatment efficacy for decreasing recalcitrance from SSB and CC was investigated, and subsequently, the pretreated biomass was subjected to the hydrolytic action of an in-house formulated holocellulolytic enzyme cocktail (HEC-H). Compositional analysis revealed that SSB contained 29.34% lignin, 17.75% cellulose and 16.28% hemicellulose, while CC consisted of 22.51% lignin, 23.58% cellulose and 33.34% hemicellulose. Alkaline pretreatment was more effective in pretreating CC biomass compared to the SSB biomass. Both Ca(OH)2 and NaOH pretreatment removed lignin from the CC biomass, while only NaOH removed lignin from the SSB biomass. Biomass compositional analysis revealed that these agricultural feedstocks differed in their chemical composition because the CC biomass contained mainly hemicellulose (33–35%), while SSB biomass consisted mainly of cellulose (17–24%). The alkaline pretreated SSB and CC samples were subjected to the hydrolytic action of the holocellulolytic enzyme cocktail, formulated with termite derived multifunctional enzymes (referred to as MFE-5E, MFE-5H and MFE-45) and exoglucanase (Exg-D). The HEC-H hydrolysed NaOH pretreated SSB and CC more effectively than Ca(OH)2 pretreated feedstocks, revealing that NaOH was a more effective pretreatment. In conclusion, the HEC-H cocktail efficiently hydrolysed alkaline pretreated agricultural feedstocks, particularly those which are hemicellulose- and amorphous cellulose-rich, such as CC, making it attractive for use in the bioconversion process in the biorefinery industry.

Mpho. S. Mafa
Samkelo Malgas
Abhishek Bhattacharya
Konanani Rashamuse
Brett I. Pletschke


High-throughput phenotyping identifies plant growth differences under well-watered and drought treatments

Abstract: The ability to screen larger populations with fewer replicates and non-destructive measurements is one advantage of high-throughput phenotyping (HTP) over traditional phenotyping techniques. In this study, two wheat accessions were grown in a controlled-environment with a moderate drought imposed from stem elongation to post-anthesis. Red-green-blue (RGB) imaging was performed on 17 of the 22 d following the start of drought imposition. Destructive measurements from all plants were performed at the conclusion of the experiment. The effect of line was significant for shoot dry matter, spike dry matter, root dry matter, and tiller number, while the water treatment was significant on shoot dry matter and root dry matter. The temporal, non-destructive nature of HTP allowed the drought treatment to be significantly differentiated from the well-watered treatment after 6 d in a line from Argentina and 9 d in a line from Chile. This difference of 3 d indicated an increased degree of drought tolerance in the line from Chile. Furthermore, HTP from the final day of imaging accurately predicted reference plant height (r=1), shoot dry matter (r=0.95) and tiller number (r=0.91). This experiment illustrates the potential of HTP and its use in modeling plant growth and development.


Effect of seed treatments on seed germination and seedling growth of Indian Olive (Elaeocarpus floribundus)

Abstract: Indian olive (Elaeocarpus floribundus) is propagated by seeds. Although germination and seedling growth is a major concern in this crop as seeds remain dormant for long time. There are various methods like scarification, stratification, chemical treatment, biological and irradiation etc. for breaking the seed dormancy of Indian olive. However there is very few scientific reports regarding overcoming the dormancy of Indian olive seeds. Keeping this view, Indian olive seeds has been collected and stored for 2 months followed by seed treatment. Seeds were treated with seven different types of chemicals (HCl @ 5%, H2SO4 @5%, GA3@500 ppm, soaking in water, Benzyl adenine@100 ppm, thiourea@1% and KNO3 0.5%) and planted in poly bags filled with growing media (sand: garden soil: FYM=1:1:1). Maximum germination was recorded in the seeds treated with Benzyl Adenine@100 ppm followed by H2SO4@5%, whereas highest speed of germination was noticed in H2SO4 @5% followed by Benzyl Adenine @100 ppm. The maximum average height of the seedlings (12.26 cm) and average number of leaves (6.86) was recorded in Benzyl Adenine treatment @100 ppm followed by H2SO4@5%. Biggest leaf size and greater seedling girth was also observed under Benzyl Adenine treatment @100 ppm. Seedling survival was also better under BA @100ppm treatment.

International Journal of Minor Fruits, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants


Impact of key primary processing technologies on the quality of granular green tea(颗粒形绿茶初制关键技术对品质的影响)

Abstract: Granular green tea is a significant category of famous high-quality green tea in Zhejiang Province. In this study, we conducted comparative experiments on key technical parameters, including moisture resurgence, second fixation and stir-frying techniques, during the primary processing of granular green tea and systematically analyzed their effects on sensory quality and chemical composition. The results indicated that appropriately controlling the rehumidification time (1.5 h), reducing the moisture content of the second fixed leaves (40%), decreasing the amount of tea leaves per frying pan (4 kg/pan), and selecting a frying pan with better air permeability (60-type) effectively enhanced the dry tea appearance and the emerald color of the tea liquor and improved the freshness of the aroma and taste. Moderate rehumidification and a lower moisture content in the second fixed leaves increased the content of catechins and some key umami amino acids, whereas a lower loading amount of tea leaves per frying pan increased the total amino acid content; a higher moisture content in the second fixed leaves increased the water extract content. Higher-quality samples with superior aroma and freshness had higher levels of floral compounds such as linalool, geraniol, and α-terpineol. Conversely, a longer rehumidification time, greater moisture content in the second fixed leaves, more tea leaves per frying pan, and lower air permeability of the stir-frying machine led to higher temperatures and moisture and increased the relative content of compounds such as n-hexadecanoic acid, heptanoic acid, and 6, 10, 14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone in the aroma profile. In conclusion, this study identifies an optimal processing combination for improving the overall quality of granular green tea and provides a theoretical basis for refining its processing technology.(颗粒形绿茶是浙江省名优绿茶的重要品类。本研究针对颗粒形绿茶初制中回潮、二青、炒制等工序的关键技术参数开展对比试验，系统分析不同技术参数对颗粒形绿茶感官品质及化学组分的影响。结果表明，适当控制回潮时间（1.5 h）、降低二青叶含水率（40%）、适当减少炒制投叶量（4 kg/小锅）及选用透气性能较好的炒锅（60型），能够提升颗粒形绿茶外形及茶汤的翠绿色泽，并提高香气滋味的鲜爽性。适度回潮和较低的二青叶含水率有助于提升儿茶素含量及部分对鲜味具有重要贡献的氨基酸含量；较低的炒制投叶量可提升氨基酸总量；而较高的二青叶含水率则有利于提升水浸出物含量。在香气鲜爽性高、品质较优的样品中，芳樟醇、香叶醇、α-松油醇等具有花香特征的化合物的相对含量较高；而长时间回潮、较高的二青叶含水率、较高的炒制投叶量及较低透气性的锅型所引起的较高温度及含水率，则会促进正十六烷酸、庚酸、6，10，14-三甲基-2-十五烷酮等香气组分的积累。本研究明确了提升颗粒形绿茶综合品质的适宜工艺组合，为优化其加工技术提供了理论依据。)

WANG Jiawei(王佳薇)
GONG Shuying(龚淑英)
FAN Fangyuan(范方媛)
LU Debiao(陆德彪)
XU Yingxin(徐盈欣)
WANG Zipei(王子沛)
CHEN Xiaogan(陈晓甘)

浙江大学学报. 农业与生命科学版


Fósforo da biomassa microbiana em solos sob diferentes sistemas de manejo

Abstract: A biomassa microbiana assume papel importante na reciclagem do fósforo em solos tropicais e subtropicais. Este trabalho teve por objetivo quantificar o teor de fósforo armazenado na biomassa microbiana em solos submetidos a diferentes métodos de preparo e sucessões de culturas. Para tal, foram utilizados quatro experimentos, instalados em diferentes locais no Rio Grande do Sul a partir de 1979, envolvendo métodos de preparo do solo e sucessões de culturas. Em 1997, coletaram-se amostras de solos nos sistemas plantio direto e cultivo convencional, com várias sucessões de culturas, em três camadas de solo. O fósforo acumulado na biomassa microbiana foi determinado por fumigação-extração. O fósforo na biomassa não diferiu entre os métodos de preparo do solo no Latossolo Vermelho Distroférrico típico, mas foi maior no sistema plantio direto em comparação ao cultivo convencional no Latossolo Vermelho Distrófico típico e Argissolo Vermelho Distrófico típico. O cultivo de diferentes plantas anuais não afetou os teores de fósforo microbiano. O fluxo anual de P através da biomassa microbiana variou de 8 a 22 mg dm-3 ano-1 e, no Argissolo Vermelho Distrófico típico, foi maior no sistema plantio direto do que no cultivo convencional.


Manejo automático de malla sombra y del riego en un invernadero con tomates

Abstract: Los invernaderos son utilizados para muchas aplicaciones, no solo cultivos. Invernaderos automatizados requieren de un controlador que abra y cierre mallas reduciendo la radiación incidente evitando una evapotranspiración excesiva del cultivo. Este trabajo contempla el desarrollo de un controlador de mallas y de irrigación aplicada en función a la radiación incidente ahorrando 35% de agua en tiempo de lluvias; con nubes o con la radiación lunar nocturna no se enciende la bomba. Las mallas permanecían cerradas durante la noche abriéndose al amanecer cuando la radiación era baja. En el experimento realizado con tomates dentro de un invernadero se utilizaron meses intercalados para analizar la operación manual de mallas y la operación automática de las mismas. La radiación incidente en las plantas fue máxima en Mayo y Agosto meses en que no se usaron mallas de sombreo. En Agosto la temperatura del aire aumentó arriba de 28°C reduciendo en un 50% el tamaño de las frutas. La temperatura de los frutos disminuyó 2.5°C con el uso de mallas reduciendo el agrietamiento en el tomate.


中国制冷学会专家咨询委员会第一次会议纪要

Journal of Refrigeration Magazines Agency Co., Ltd.

Heating and ventilation. Air conditioning

Low temperature engineering. Cryogenic engineering. Refrigeration


Strengthening Crypto-1 Cipher Against Algebraic Attacks

Abstract: In the last few years, several studies addressed the problem of data security in Mifare Classic. One of its weaknesses is the low random number quality. This causes SAT solver attacks to have lower complexity. In order to strengthen Crypto-1 against SAT solver attacks, a modification of the feedback function with better cryptographic properties is proposed. It applies a primitive polynomial companion matrix. SAT solvers cannot directly attack the feedback shift register that uses the modified Boolean feedback function, the register has to be split into smaller groups. Experimental testing showed that the amount of memory and CPU time needed were highest when attacking the modified Crypto-1 using the modified feedback function and the original filter function. In addition, another modified Crypto-1, using the modified feedback function and a modified filter function, had the lowest percentage of revealed variables. It can be concluded that the security strength and performance of the modified Crypto-1 using the modified feedback function and the modified filter function are better than those of the original Crypto-1.

Journal of ICT Research and Applications


An Evidence Theoretic Approach for Traffic Signal Intrusion Detection

Abstract: The increasing attacks on traffic signals worldwide indicate the importance of intrusion detection. The existing traffic signal Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) that rely on inputs from connected vehicles and image analysis techniques can only detect intrusions created by spoofed vehicles. However, these approaches fail to detect intrusion from attacks on in-road sensors, traffic controllers, and signals. In this paper, we proposed an IDS based on detecting anomalies associated with flow rate, phase time, and vehicle speed, which is a significant extension of our previous work using additional traffic parameters and statistical tools. We theoretically modelled our system using the Dempster–Shafer decision theory, considering the instantaneous observations of traffic parameters and their relevant historical normal traffic data. We also used Shannon’s entropy to determine the uncertainty associated with the observations. To validate our work, we developed a simulation model based on the traffic simulator called SUMO using many real scenarios and the data recorded by the Victorian Transportation Authority, Australia. The scenarios for abnormal traffic conditions were generated considering attacks such as jamming, Sybil, and false data injection attacks. The results show that the overall detection accuracy of our proposed system is 79.3% with fewer false alarms.

Abdullahi Chowdhury
Gour Karmakar
Joarder Kamruzzaman
Rajkumar Das
S. H. Shah Newaz


Study on the crystallization kinetics of Ni-Mn-Sn-Fe alloy thin films

Abstract: This study examines the crystallization kinetics of Ni _50−x Mn _39 Sn _11 Fe _x (x = 0, 0.5, 2, 4 at.%) amorphous thin films prepared by DC magnetron sputtering. SEM and XRD confirm their amorphous structure. Non-isothermal DSC results show that the crystallization peak temperature increases from 542.7 K to 568.0 K as Fe content rises, while the apparent activation energy increases from 96.69 to 152.93 kJ mol ^−1 , indicating enhanced resistance to crystallization. Isothermal analysis yields Avrami exponents of 1.15–1.41 (average ≈1.2), corresponding to diffusion-controlled one-dimensional growth. Local activation-energy evaluation further reveals composition-dependent differences in nucleation and growth during various stages. These quantitative kinetic parameters clarify the role of Fe in altering crystallization behavior and support the optimization of annealing conditions for Ni-Mn-Sn-based functional thin films.

Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials


Effect of Different Downward Loads and Rotational Speeds on the Removal of Gutta-Percha and Root Canal Sealer Using a Nickel-Titanium Rotary Gutta-Percha Removal System: An Ex Vivo Study

Abstract: Effective gutta-percha/sealer removal is essential for predictable nonsurgical endodontic retreatment, but the effects of key operational parameters on nickel–titanium rotary removal instruments remain insufficiently understood. This study aimed to examine how varying downward loads and rotational speeds affect the removal efficiency and torque/force generation of the HyFlex Remover. Sixty transparent straight resin canals filled with gutta-percha and AH Plus sealer were prepared using the HyFlex Remover at two rotational speeds (400 and 800 rpm) and three downward loads (2, 3, and 4 N; n = 10/group). The removal rate, calculated using micro-computed tomography, as well as removal time, maximum force, maximum torque, and cumulative torque were recorded and evaluated using two-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni correction (α = 0.05). The removal rate was consistently higher at 400 rpm than at 800 rpm (p < 0.001), while removal time and cumulative torque were greater at 400 rpm (p < 0.001). Maximum torque differed only between the 800-2 N and 800-4 N groups (p = 0.006). Maximum force increased with higher loads (p < 0.001), and at 3 N and 4 N, it was lower at 400 rpm than at 800 rpm (3 N: p = 0.039, 4 N: p < 0.001). Overall, lower downward loads reduced torque but prolonged working time, whereas higher rotational speeds shortened both working time and torque but decreased the removal rate.

Koki Toyoda
Shunsuke Kimura
Keiichiro Maki
Satoshi Omori
Keiko Hirano
Arata Ebihara
Takashi Okiji

Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)


Development of a Viscosity Measuring Device for Low Boiling Point Refrigerant Mixtures

Abstract: According to the need for viscosity measurement of refrigerant mixtures, a new rotatable capillary viscometer is developed and designed. It is adequate for the viscosity investigation of the low boiling point liquid mixtures. A rotatable capillary viscometer is embedded in a pressure vessel. It combines the rotation method and the pressure vessel to realize the continuous experiment and eliminates the error brought from the deflation, which can repeat the viscosity measurement of the low boiling point liquid mixtures in the high pressure. The rotatable capillary viscometer was calibrated by R22 and R290 and checked by R410A. According to the results, the relative deviation of the viscometer has been controlled to be less than 0.81%.

袁晓蓉 高赞军 王学会 徐象国 陈光明 韩晓红


Cloud-Based Artificial Intelligence Framework for Battery Management System

Abstract: As the popularity of electric vehicles (EVs) and smart grids continues to rise, so does the demand for batteries. Within the landscape of battery-powered energy storage systems, the battery management system (BMS) is crucial. It provides key functions such as battery state estimation (including state of charge, state of health, battery safety, and thermal management) as well as cell balancing. Its primary role is to ensure safe battery operation. However, due to the limited memory and computational capacity of onboard chips, achieving this goal is challenging, as both theory and practical evidence suggest. Given the immense amount of battery data produced over its operational life, the scientific community is increasingly turning to cloud computing for data storage and analysis. This cloud-based digital solution presents a more flexible and efficient alternative to traditional methods that often require significant hardware investments. The integration of machine learning is becoming an essential tool for extracting patterns and insights from vast amounts of observational data. As a result, the future points towards the development of a cloud-based artificial intelligence (AI)-enhanced BMS. This will notably improve the predictive and modeling capacity for long-range connections across various timescales, by combining the strength of physical process models with the versatility of machine learning techniques.

Dapai Shi
Jingyuan Zhao
Chika Eze
Zhenghong Wang
Junbin Wang
Yubo Lian
Andrew F. Burke


Automatic Tree Height Measurement Based on Three-Dimensional Reconstruction Using Smartphone

Abstract: Tree height is a crucial structural parameter in forest inventory as it provides a basis for evaluating stock volume and growth status. In recent years, close-range photogrammetry based on smartphone has attracted attention from researchers due to its low cost and non-destructive characteristics. However, such methods have specific requirements for camera angle and distance during shooting, and pre-shooting operations such as camera calibration and placement of calibration boards are necessary, which could be inconvenient to operate in complex natural environments. We propose a tree height measurement method based on three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction. Firstly, an absolute depth map was obtained by combining ARCore and MidasNet. Secondly, Attention-UNet was improved by adding depth maps as network input to obtain tree mask. Thirdly, the color image and depth map were fused to obtain the 3D point cloud of the scene. Then, the tree point cloud was extracted using the tree mask. Finally, the tree height was measured by extracting the axis-aligned bounding box of the tree point cloud. We built the method into an Android app, demonstrating its efficiency and automation. Our approach achieves an average relative error of 3.20% within a shooting distance range of 2–17 m, meeting the accuracy requirements of forest survey.

Yulin Shen
Ruwei Huang
Bei Hua
Yuanguan Pan
Yong Mei
Minghao Dong


The Cultural Identities of Foreign Language Teachers

Abstract:
Foreign language teachers are often migrants. They have traveled and lived in other countries either to learn or to teach a language. In 2005, Domna Stanton characterized language teaching as a cosmopolitan act-- “a complex encounter made in a sympathetic effort to see the world as [others] see it and, as a consequence, to denaturalize our own views” (629). Do foreign language teachers ‘denaturalize’ their views of their native culture through their encounters with the other culture? Could it be that “engagement with the Other necessarily mean[s] an abnegation of the inherited culture” (Mani, 2007, p.29)?

This study investigated not only in how far foreign language teachers affiliate with more than one culture but also how this cultural identity affects their classroom practice. To what extent do foreign language instructors claim multiple cultural identities? What advantages and disadvantages do foreign language instructors experience in the classroom in respect to their cultural identities? To what extent do foreign language instructors feel their cultural identity is relevant in the classroom? Results showed that foreign language instructors engage with their cultural affiliations intellectually, by embracing but not embodying “the other” culture.

eScholarship Publishing, University of California

Theory and practice of education
Philology. Linguistics


Theatrical Translation and Film Adaptation: A Practitioner’s View

Abstract: Translated novels and poems often arrive footnoted with “cultural notes” on words and allusions obscure to the reader’s cultural heritage. But translations of performances – whether of theatrical or cinematic dramas – have no recourse to such devices. The language experienced in performance has all the transience of an eavesdropped conversation, with no opportunity for review or back channeling: the immediacy of the audience’s engagement restricts the range of options available to the translator.

Theory and practice of education
English language


¿Cuánto tiempo necesita invertir el alumnado para el aprendizaje de una asignatura?. Estimación de los créditos ECTS de una asignatura de primer curso de Ingeniería

Abstract:
De cara a adaptar las actuales asignaturas a los créditos ECTS, resulta necesario estimar cuánto tiempo necesita invertir un alumno para el aprendizaje de una asignatura. En la Escuela Universitaria Politécnica de la UPV-EHU se ha realizado un primer estudio indagatorio sobre este
tema en varias asignaturas. Se ha recurrido a un diseño de cuestionario semanal a todos los estudiantes de la clase y, en caso necesario, entrevista individual, con la colaboración de los estudiantes. Los resultados indican que el ritmo de estudio y la cantidad de horas están fuertemente condicionados por el sistema de evaluación de la asignatura.

Mikel GARMENDIA
Jenaro GUISASOLA
José I. BARRAGUÉS
Kristina ZUZA

Revista Interuniversitaria de Formación del Profesorado


تأثير برنامج تعليمي مقترح باستخدام نموذج مكارثي (4MAT) علي بعض نواتج التعلم في كرة السلة لطلاب كلية علوم الرياضة جامعة اسيوط-

أحمد يوسف محمد حسن أحمد

أحمد يوسف محمد حسن أحمد

Maǧallaẗ Asīūṭ Li ʿulūm wa Funūn Al-Tarbiyyaẗ Al-Rīyaḍiyyaẗ

Assiut University, Faculty of Physical Education


Comunicación inclusiva en la educación superior: estrategias y su impacto en la inclusión de estudiantes con necesidades educativas específicas

Abstract: Este estudio analiza la influencia de las estrategias de comunicación en la inclusión de estudiantes con necesidades educativas específicas, centrándose en aquellos con discapacidad visual, en la Facultad de Ciencias de la Comunicación Social de la Universidad de Guayaquil. El propósito es identificar las barreras comunicacionales y las prácticas efectivas que favorecen entornos de aprendizaje equitativos en el aula. Se aplicó un enfoque cualitativo, mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas a estudiantes con discapacidad visual y a diez docentes que han participado en experiencias inclusivas. Los datos fueron procesados a través de un análisis temático, identificando patrones relacionados con la comunicación, la accesibilidad y la interacción pedagógica. Los hallazgos muestran que las estrategias de comunicación inclusivas como el uso de recursos tecnológicos, materiales adaptados, lenguaje inclusivo y la empatía de la relación con docente y el estudiante contribuyen al fortalecimiento de la participación y el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes con discapacidad visual.  No obstante, se evidencian limitaciones asociadas a la escasa capacitación docente en este ámbito, la falta de lineamientos institucionales claros y la insuficiente integración de criterios de accesibilidad en los programas académicos. El estudio confirma que las estrategias comunicacionales desempeñan un papel central en la inclusión en la educación superior. Se recomienda mejorar la implementación de políticas institucionales, y el uso sistemático de tecnologías adaptativas. Más allá de la accesibilidad, los resultados resaltan la importancia de construir una cultura universitaria justa, participativa y sensible.

Ronny Enrique Santana-Estrella
Evelyn Karina García-Carranza
Nohelia Nathalie Armas-Bustos


Progression of International Students through their Undergraduate Studies in an Irish Higher Education Institution: A Qualitative Study

Abstract: The focus of this paper is on the progression of international students through their undergraduate studies in an Irish higher education institution. Despite the increasing presence of international students in higher education, their perspectives on progression through their undergraduate studies are not adequately explored. Research into the factors that influence international students’ progression is underdeveloped. The paper aims to provide new insights into international students’ perspectives of their progression through their undergraduate studies in an Irish context. This study addresses this gap by exploring what factors international students deem to be significant in terms of successful student progression through higher education in an Irish context. The research involved conducting semi-structured interviews with international students in TU Dublin in Ireland. Five students volunteered to participate in the study. The findings revealed factors that facilitate student progression such as the student’s motivation to study and learn new skills and partake in the class and college environment. The research also revealed factors found to impede progression such as issues relating to the college experience and environment. The results are considered in terms of implications for international student progression. This paper outlines the necessity for those involved in policy and practice to understand and act upon the challenges that international students encounter during their higher education journey.

Anne Hurley
Deirdre Ryan
Fiona Faulkner
Qi Wang


The Interaction between Adding Soybean Residue and Hydrogel to the Soil on the Mineral Content of Yellow Corn (Zea mays L.) Plants whose Seeds are Treated with Ascorbic Acid

Abstract:
This study was conducted in the warehouse of the Department of Biology / College of Education for Pure Sciences for the 2023-2024 season to study the effect of adding levels of hydrogel (0, 2, 4) gm/kg of soil and residues of the vegetative part of soybeans at levels (0, 4, 8) gm/kg soil in the mineral content of yellow corn plants soaked with concentrations of (0,100, 200 ppm) of ascorbic acid.
The results were analyzed using a completely randomized design and a factorial experiment with three replications. The results confirmed the existence of a discrepancy in the effect of soybean residues on mineral elements, as they ranged between inhibition and stimulation, as the residues had a stimulating effect on the calcium and nitrogen elements, While its effect was inhibitory to the element sodium and magnesium, and the addition of hydrogel showed a stimulating effect in all the nutritional elements mentioned above. On the other hand, there was a significant superiority in the content of the elements with an increase in the concentration of ascorbic acid compared to the control treatment without addition. The interactions showed a stimulating effect, especially the interaction of hydrogel levels with ascorbic acid concentrations in the studied characteristics

مجلة التربية والعلم

University of Mosul, College of Education for Pure Science


Razones por la transparencia en la universidad

Abstract:
El texto inicia con una serie de anotaciones en torno a las circunstancias institucionales en que surge la necesidad de la transparencia en la Universidad Veracruzana, haciendo hincapié en que la Universidad ha permanecido por años en completa secrecía alrededor de muchos de sus procesos. Posteriormente los autores presentan cuatro razones por la transparencia en la Universidad, mismos que identifican como elementos para exponer los motivos de la reforma universitaria en este ámbito y como objetivos esperados que puedan ser evaluados en el futuro. Dichas razones son: la actualización del marco normativo, la construcción de una nueva manera de ser universitario, la relación entre transparencia, autonomía y rendición de cuentas a la sociedad, así como la contribución de la Universidad a la formación de ciudadanos.

Abstract

The text initiates with a series of annotations around the institutional circumstances in that the necessity arises from the transparency in the Veracruzana University, insisting on which the University has remained per years in complete secret around many of its processes. Later the authors present four reasons by the transparency in the University, which they identify like elements to expose the reasons for the university reform in this scope and like objectives that can be evaluated in the future. These reasons are: the update of the normativity, the construction of a new way to be a university member, the relationship between transparency, autonomy and accountability, as well as the contribution from the University to the formation of citizens.

Karla Alejandra Valencia-González Romero


Editorial

Luiz Orlando de Quadro Peduzzi
Sônia Silveira Peduzzi

Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC)


Le recyclage des coquillages fossiles dans l’espace sénégambien : histoire et archéologie

Abstract: Cet article examine la réutilisation des coquillages fossiles et décrit en même temps les anomalies ou les déformations observées sur les individus. La démarche adoptée repose en effet sur une combinaison de plusieurs activités allant de la recherche documentaire à l’examen du mobilier coquillier, en passant par les enquêtes ethnographiques, la prospection et les fouilles archéologiques. Nos fouilles effectuées sur le site de Balloum, près du village de Moundé (basSaloum) ont mis au jour des spécimens coquilliers déformés ou réutilisés le plus souvent en des objets de parures ou d’ustensiles. Mots-clés : ,

UNIVERSITE FELIX FOUPHOUET BOIGNY- COTE D'IVOIRE

Anthropology
Sociology (General)
Education
Political science


Trabajo colaborativo en entornos e-learning y desarrollo de competencias transversales de trabajo en equipo: Análisis del caso del Máster en gestión de Proyectos en Cooperación Internacional, CSEU La Salle

Abstract:
El trabajo colaborativo se presenta como estratégico en las propuestas que emergen del EEES, donde se evidencia su potencial para el aprendizaje de contenidos específicos, así como para el desarrollo de competencias transversales. Este estudio trata de analizar los resultados del trabajo colaborativo en el caso del Máster en Gestión de Proyectos en Cooperación Internacional, contextualizado en el Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle. Trata de relacionar las propuestas de redacción de acuerdos grupales y mediación del tutor de seguimiento con el desarrollo de competencias transversales de trabajo en equipo. La finalidad es ajustar un diseño de trabajo colaborativo que alcance los objetivos de aprendizaje que se persiguen: mejora del aprendizaje individual en contacto con el grupo, desarrollo de competencias transversales de trabajo en equipo y creación de vínculos en la comunidad virtual.

La investigación triangula los resultados de un cuestionario realizado ad hoc, entrevistas con los alumnos del programa y un foro de discusión. El análisis de los datos recabados muestra que los alumnos perciben que el trabajo colaborativo ha mejorado su proceso de aprendizaje y les ha ayudado a desarrollar competencias de trabajo en equipo. Tanto la redacción de acuerdos grupales como la labor de mediación de la tutora parecen incidir de forma significativa en este resultado.

ABSTRACT

Collaborative work in e-learning environments and development of generic skills of teamwork: International Cooperation Project Management Master case, CSEU La Salle.

Collaborative work is presented as strategic in the proposals emerging from the EEES, where its enormous potential for learning specific content and to develop transferable skills are evidenced. This study aims to analyze the results of collaborative work in the case of Masters in Project Management in International Cooperation., contextualized in the Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle. It intends to relate the proposals of drafting of agreements and mediation of the tutor to the development of generic skills related to the ability to work in teams. The aim is to adjust a collaborative work design that reaches the learning objectives intended: improvement of individual learning in contact with the group, development of skills related to the ability to work in teams and engagement with the virtual community.

The research triangulates the results of a questionnaire built ad hoc, interviews with students in the program and a discussion forum. The analysis of the data collected shows that students feel that collaborative work has improved the learning process and helped them to develop teamwork skills. Both agreements drafting and the mediation of the tutor seem to have a significant impact on this result.

Nuria Hernández Sellés
Pablo César Muñoz Carril


Delinear la frontera México-Estados Unidos

Abstract: En un contexto actual de creciente polarización y politización en torno a las cuestiones migratorias, se analizan cinco propuestas de cómics y narrativas gráficas que contribuyen a visibilizar voces y espacios olvidados de la migración latinoamericana hacia Estados Unidos. Se hace hincapié en el rol de la hibridez genérica al otorgar y reforzar la legitimidad del relato de historias personales y colectivas mediante la inserción de la autobiografía, el testimonio, el reportaje, el western o la ciencia ficción, entre otros. El corpus elegido: Migrar (Mateo y Martínez, 2011), Cita en Phoenix (Sandoval, 2016), La cicatriz. En la frontera entre México y Estados Unidos (Ferraris y Chiocca, 2019), Barrera (Vaughan, Martín y Vicente, 2019) y Ana (Arriaga y Ramos, 2021), da cuenta de las múltiples posibilidades que ofrecen estas narrativas gráficas que dejan de ser divertimento para participar activamente en la configuración de un discurso socialmente comprometido.

Special aspects of education
Literature (General)


Consistencies far beyond chance: an analysis of learner preconceptions of reflective symmetry

Abstract: This article reports on regularities observed in learners' preconceptions of reflective symmetry. Literature suggests that the very existence of such regularities indicates a gap between what learners know and what they need to know. Such a gap inhibits further understanding and application, and hence needed to be investigated. A total of 235 Grade 11 learners, from 13 high schools that participate in the First Rand Foundation-funded Mathematics Education project in the Eastern Cape, responded to a task on reflective symmetry. Our framework for analysing the responses was based on the taxonomy of structure of the observed learning outcome. The results indicated that 85% of learner responses reflect a motion understanding of reflections, where learners considered geometric figures as physical motions on top of the plane. While this understanding is useful in some cases, it is not an essential aspect of mapping understanding, which is critical for application in function notations and other analytical geometry contexts. We suggest that if this gap is to be closed, learners need to construct these reflections physically so that they may think of reflections beyond motion.

Education (General)
Special aspects of education


Boyeristic Tendencies: A Look into the Life History of the Student Affairs Scholar-Practitioner

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to provide more insight into the skills and support systems needed to encourage scholarship among student affairs practitioners. We used topical life history to examine the scholarly lives of eight student affairs practitioners. To guide that examination, we leveraged the questions posed by Jablonski et al. (2006) as our research questions: “What skills and knowledge [did] practitioners need to develop a scholarship agenda?" and "What support, coaching, and job modifications create[d] environments for practitioners to be successful” (p. 197). Participant life histories revealed a variety of direct and indirect influences, such as institutional context, mentorship, personal characteristics, and significant others on the participants' work as student affairs practitioners. The findings highlighted the following as major influences on the professionals’ decision to engage and sustain scholarship: community, intrinsic motivation, and cultural change. What these findings also suggest is practitioners are willing and desirous to make an impact on the broader field through scholarly engagement; they just need support and compelling reasons to do so.

Georgia Journal of College Student Affairs


Políticas públicas intersetoriais em territórios vulnerabilizados: Diretrizes metodológicas a partir da experiência do modelo CCAIC em Duque de Caxias (RJ)

Abstract: Este artigo apresenta uma sistematização metodológica para formulação de políticas públicas intersetoriais em territórios marcados por múltiplas vulnerabilidades socioambientais, a partir da experiência do modelo CCAIC (Creche Centro de Atendimento à Infância Caxiense), implementado em Duque de Caxias (RJ). A pesquisa adota abordagem qualitativa, dialética e interdisciplinar, com base em estudo de caso único e aplicação da Análise de Conteúdo Qualitativa Estruturada. Dezesseis apontamentos metodológicos foram identificados, ancorados nas categorias vulnerabilidade socioambiental, inclusão social, políticas públicas e justiça ambiental e articulados pela intersetorialidade como diretriz estratégica. A originalidade do estudo reside na tradução empírico-teórica de práticas de gestão pública territorializada com potencial de replicabilidade em outros contextos. As diretrizes formuladas funcionam como instrumentos para planejamento, implementação e avaliação de políticas orientadas à superação das desigualdades estruturais que afetam a infância nas periferias urbanas brasileiras.

Priscila Cardoso Moraes de Souza
Elza Maria Neffa Vieira de Castro
Luiz Alberto de Lima Leandro

Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul


علاقة القدرات التوافقية ونسب مساهمتها بالمستوى الرقمي لمتسابقي الوثب الثلاثي بجامعة القصيم -

حمادة عبـد العزيز حبيب
مصطفى محمد أحمد نصر

حمادة عبـد العزيز حبيب


Trajetórias de diretoras de grupos escolares do Maranhão

Abstract: Trata-se de resultado de pesquisa sobre a formação e as práticas de diretoras dos grupos escolares no Maranhão. Analisamos as memórias sobre a formação de diretoras dos grupos. Uma das questões investigadas foi de que modo as professoras se constituem diretoras? Desse modo, estudamos sua formação e trajetória profissional docente. O conceito de memória norteia os pressupostos teóricos da investigação uma vez que se trabalha com a perspectiva metodológica da História Oral. A memória também apresenta suas limitações, é uma reconstrução continuamente atualizada do passado. Realizamos entrevistas com diretoras que atuaram nos Grupos Escolares da capital e do interior maranhense. O estudo mostra a importância de conhecermos suas experiências, saberes e práticas.


Isabelle Harlé, Penser le curriculum scolaire. Le regard croisé de la sociologie, des didactiques et de l’histoire


Fixed field alternating gradient accelerator with small orbit shift and tune excursion

Abstract: A new design principle of a nonscaling fixed field alternating gradient accelerator is proposed. It is based on optics that produce approximate scaling properties. A large field index k is chosen to squeeze the orbit shift as much as possible by setting the betatron oscillation frequency in the second stability region of Hill’s equation. Then, the lattice magnets and their alignment are simplified. To simplify the magnets, we expand the field profile of r^{k} into multipoles and keep only a few lower order terms. A rectangular-shaped magnet is assumed with lines of constant field parallel to the magnet axis. The lattice employs a triplet of rectangular magnets for focusing, which are parallel to one another to simplify alignment. These simplifications along with fringe fields introduce finite chromaticity and the fixed field alternating gradient accelerator is no longer a scaling one. However, the tune excursion of the whole ring can be within half an integer and we avoid the crossing of strong resonances.

Suzanne L. Sheehy
Ken J. Peach
Holger Witte
David J. Kelliher
Shinji Machida

Physical Review Special Topics. Accelerators and Beams

Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity


Designed-seamless irradiation technique for extended whole mediastinal proton-beam irradiation for esophageal cancer

Abstract:
Abstract

Background

Proton-beam therapy (PBT) provides therapeutic advantages over conformal x-ray therapy in sparing organs at risk when treating esophageal cancer because of the fundamental physical dose distribution of the proton-beam. However, cases with extended esophageal lesions are difficult to treat with conventional PBT with a single isocentric field, as the length of the planning target volume (PTV) is longer than the available PBT field size in many facilities. In this study, the feasibility of a practical technique to effectively match PBT fields for esophageal cancer with a larger regional field beyond the available PBT field size was investigated.

Methods

Twenty esophageal cancer patients with a larger regional field than the available PBT single-field size (15 cm in our facility) were analyzed. The PTV was divided into two sections to be covered by a single PBT field. Subsequently, each PTV isocenter was aligned in a cranial-caudal (CC) axis to rule out any influence by the movement of the treatment couch in anterior-posterior and left-right directions. To obtain the appropriate dose distributions, a designed-seamless irradiation technique (D-SLIT) was proposed. This technique requires the following two adjustments: (A) blocking a part of the PTV by multi-leaf collimator(s) (MLCs); and (B) fine-tuning the isocenter distance by the half-width of the MLC leaf (2.5 mm in our facility). After these steps, the inferior border of the cranial field was designed to match the superior border of the caudal field. Dose distributions along the CC axis around the field junction were evaluated by the treatment-planning system. Dose profiles were validated with imaging plates in all cases.

Results

The average and standard deviation of minimum dose, maximum dose, and dose range between maximum and minimum doses around the field junction by the treatment-planning system were 95.9 ± 3.2%, 105.3 ± 4.1%, and 9.4 ± 5.2%. The dose profile validated by the imaging plate correlated with the results of the treatment-planning system in each case, with an error range within 4.3%.

Conclusions

Dose distributions around the field junction were applied using D-SLIT. D-SLIT can be a useful treatment strategy for PBT of extended esophageal cancer.

Okonogi Noriyuki
Hashimoto Takatuki
Ishida Masaya
Ohno Toshiki
Terunuma Toshiyuki
Okumura Toshiyuki
Sakae Takeji
Sakurai Hideyuki

Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine

Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens


Non-equilibrium finite temperature dynamics of magnetic quantum systems: applications to spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy

Abstract: We calculated the real-time non-equilibrium dynamics of quantum spin systems at finite temperatures. The mathematical framework originates from the C *-approach to quantum statistical mechanics and was applied to the samples investigated by means of spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy. Quantum fluctuations around thermal equilibrium were analyzed and calculated. The time-averaged expectation values agree with the time-averaged experimental data for magnetization curves. The method was used to investigate the dynamics of a sample for shorter times than the resolution time of the experimental setup. Furthermore, predictions of the relaxation times of single spins on metallic and semiconductor surfaces are made. To check the validity of our model, we compared our results with experimental data obtained from Fe adatoms on InSb and from Co adatoms on Pt(111) and found good agreement. Approximated thermalization was found numerically for the expectation values of the spin operators.

K Them
T Stapelfeldt
E Y Vedmedenko
R Wiesendanger


Forecasting Warping Deformation Using Multivariate Thermal Time Series and K-Nearest Neighbors in Fused Deposition Modeling

Abstract: Over the past decades, additive manufacturing has rapidly advanced due to its advantages in enabling diverse material usage and complex design production. Nevertheless, the technology has limitations in terms of quality, as printed products are sometimes different from their desired designs or are inconsistent due to defects. Warping deformation, a defect involving layer shrinkage induced by the thermal residual stress generated during manufacturing processes, is a major factor in lowering the quality and raising the cost of printed products. This study utilized a variety of thermal time series data and the K-nearest neighbors (KNN) algorithm with dynamic time warping (DTW) to detect and predict the warping deformation in the printed parts using fused deposition modeling (FDM) printers. Multivariate thermal time series data extracted from thermocouples were trained using DTW-based KNN to classify warping deformation. The results showed that the proposed approach can predict warping deformation with an accuracy of over 80% by only using thermal time series data corresponding to 20% of the whole printing process. Additionally, the classification accuracy exhibited the promising potential of the proposed approach in warping prediction and in actual manufacturing processes, so the additional time and cost resulting from defective processes can be reduced.

Donghwan Song
Adrian Matias Chung Baek
Jageon Koo
Moise Busogi
Namhun Kim


Spatial and temporal distribution of vertical ground movements at Mt. Vesuvius in the period 1973-2009

Abstract: Since the early ’70s vertical ground movements at Mount Vesuvius area have been investigated and monitored by the Osservatorio Vesuviano (Isti-tuto Nazionale di Geofisica Vulcanologia - Osservatorio Vesuviano since 2001). This monitoring began with the installation of a high-precision leveling line in the region at medium-high elevations on the volcano. The deformation pattern and expected strain field assessment methods in the volcanic structure induced by inner sources has demanded in subsequent years the expansion of the leveling network up to cover the whole volcanic area, enclosing part of leveling lines of other institutions. As a result of this expansion, the Mt. Vesuvius Area Leveling Network (VALN) has today reached a length of about 270 km and consists of 359 benchmarks. It is configured in 21 circuits and is connected, westward, to the Campi Flegrei leveling network and, northward, to the Campania Plain leveling network. The data collected have been carefully re-analyzed for random and systematic errors and for error propagation along the leveling lines to identify the areas affected by significant ground movements. For each survey, the data were rigorously adjusted and vertical ground movements were evaluated by differentiating the heights calculated by the various measurements conducted by the Osservatorio Vesuviano from 1973 to 2009.

Folco Pingue
Milena Bottiglieri
Cataldo Godano
Francesco Obrizzo
Umberto Tammaro
Teodoro Esposito
Claudio Serio

Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

Meteorology. Climatology
Geophysics. Cosmic physics


Heavy top quark mass in the minimal universal seesaw model

Abstract: We study the hierarchy between MT , vL, and vR, the relevant energy scales of the Minimal Universal Seesaw Model (MUSM), where the two lightest quark families remain massless at tree level. We also predict the heavy top quark mass, mt′ . We do some numerical analysis using recent experimental data. Our numerical analysis demonstrates that MT is sensitive to the values of the Yukawa couplings. The heavy top quark mass (mt′ ) is predicted to be within the range from 1.4 TeV to 7.2 TeV for vR = 10 TeV.

Panuluh Albertus Hariwangsa
Morozumi Takuya


Restoring the Fluctuation–Dissipation Theorem in Kardar–Parisi–Zhang Universality Class through a New Emergent Fractal Dimension

Abstract: The Kardar–Parisi–Zhang (KPZ) equation describes a wide range of growth-like phenomena, with applications in physics, chemistry and biology. There are three central questions in the study of KPZ growth: the determination of height probability distributions; the search for ever more precise universal growth exponents; and the apparent absence of a fluctuation–dissipation theorem (FDT) for spatial dimension <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>d</mi><mo>></mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. Notably, these questions were answered exactly only for <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> dimensions. In this work, we propose a new FDT valid for the KPZ problem in <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>d</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> dimensions. This is achieved by rearranging terms and identifying a new correlated noise which we argue to be characterized by a fractal dimension <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>d</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>. We present relations between the KPZ exponents and two emergent fractal dimensions, namely <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>d</mi><mi>f</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>, of the rough interface, and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>d</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>. Also, we simulate KPZ growth to obtain values for transient versions of the roughness exponent <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>α</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>, the surface fractal dimension <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>d</mi><mi>f</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> and, through our relations, the noise fractal dimension <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>d</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>. Our results indicate that KPZ may have at least two fractal dimensions and that, within this proposal, an FDT is restored. Finally, we provide new insights into the old question about the upper critical dimension of the KPZ universality class.

Márcio S. Gomes-Filho
Pablo de Castro
Danilo B. Liarte
Fernando A. Oliveira


Deuteron photodisintegration by polarized photons in the region of the d⁎(2380)

Abstract: We report the first large-acceptance measurement of the beam–spin asymmetry for deuteron photodisintegration (γ→d→pn) in the photon energy range 420<Eγ<620MeV. The measurement provides important new constraints on the mechanisms of photodisintegration above the Δ resonance and on the photocoupling of the recently discovered d⁎(2380) hexaquark. Keywords: Hexaquarks, Dibaryon, Deuteron photodisintegration

M. Bashkanov
S. Kay
D.P. Watts
C. Mullen
S. Abt
P. Achenbach
P. Adlarson
F. Afzal
Z. Ahmed
C.S. Akondi
J.R.M. Annand
H.J. Arends
R. Beck
M. Biroth
N. Borisov
A. Braghieri
W.J. Briscoe
F. Cividini
C. Collicott
S. Costanza
A. Denig
E.J. Downie
P. Drexler
S. Garni
D.I. Glazier
I. Gorodnov
W. Gradl
M. Günther
D. Gurevich
L. Heijkenskjöld
D. Hornidge
G.M. Huber
A. Käser
V.L. Kashevarov
M. Korolija
B. Krusche
A. Lazarev
K. Livingston
S. Lutterer
I.J.D. MacGregor
R. Macrae
D.M. Manley
P.P. Martel
R. Miskimen
E. Mornacchi
A. Neganov
A. Neiser
M. Ostrick
P.B. Otte
D. Paudyal
P. Pedroni
A. Powell
S.N. Prakhov
G. Ron
T. Rostomyan
A. Sarty
C. Sfienti
V. Sokhoyan
K. Spieker
O. Steffen
I.I. Strakovsky
T. Strub
I. Supek
A. Thiel
M. Thiel
A. Thomas
Yu.A. Usov
S. Wagner
N.K. Walford
D. Werthmüller
J. Wettig
M. Wolfes
L.A. Zana


Research Frontiers in the Field of Agricultural Resources and the Environment

Abstract: From the perspective of project and paper datasets, research frontier recognition in the field of agricultural resources and the environment using the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic extraction model was studied. By combining the wisdom of domain experts to judge the similarities and differences of clustering topics between the two data sources, multidimensional indicators, such as the emerging degree, attention degree, innovation degree, and intersection degree, were comprehensively constructed for frontier identification. The methods for hot research frontiers, emerging research frontiers, extinction research frontiers, and potential research frontiers were proposed. The empirical research in the field of agricultural resources and the environment showed that the “interaction mechanism of plant–rhizosphere–microbial diversity” was a hot research frontier in the years 2016–2021. The themes of “wastewater treatment technology and efficient utilization of water resources”, the “value-added utilization of agricultural wastes and sustainable development”, the “soil ecological response mechanism under agronomic management measures”, and the “mechanism of soil landslide, erosion, degradation and prediction evaluation” were judged as potential research frontiers. The theme of “ecosystems management and pollution control of agricultural and animal husbandry” was recognized as an emerging research frontier. The results confirm that the fusion method of extracting topics from project and paper data, combined with expert intelligence and frontier indicators for fine classification of frontiers, is an optional approach. This study provides strong support for accurately identifying the forefront of scientific research, grasping the latest research progress, efficiently allocating scientific and technological resources, and promoting technological innovation.

Limin Chuan
Jingjuan Zhao
Shijie Qi
Qian Jia
Hui Zhang
Sa Ye


Covariant four dimensional differential calculus in κ-Minkowski

Abstract: It is generally believed that it is not possible to have a four dimensional differential calculus in κ-Minkowski spacetime, with κ-Poincaré relativistic symmetries, covariant under (κ-deformed) Lorentz transformations. Thus, one usually introduces a fifth differential form, whose physical interpretation is still challenging, and defines a covariant five dimensional calculus. Nevertheless, the four dimensional calculus is at the basis of several works based on κ-Minkowski/κ-Poincaré framework that led to meaningful insights on its physical interpretation and phenomenological implications. We here revisit the argument against the covariance of the four dimensional calculus, and find that it depends crucially on an incomplete characterization of Lorentz transformations in this framework, which neglected a feature, still uncovered at the time, that turns out to be fundamental for the consistency of the relativistic framework: the noncommutativity of the Lorentz transformation parameters. This suggests to revise the notion of covariance to accommodate the action of the full infinitesimal Lorentz transformation. Once this is taken into account, the four dimensional calculus is found to be fully Lorentz covariant. The result we obtain extends naturally to the whole κ-Poincaré algebra of transformations, showing the close relation between its relativistic nature and the properties of the differential calculus.


Kinetic Photovoltaic Facade System Based on a Parametric Design for Application in Signal Box Buildings in Switzerland

Abstract: This study aims to produce renewable energy by applying a solar-energy-harvesting architectural design using solar panels on the facade of a building. To install as many solar panels as possible on the building elevation, the Signal Box auf dem Wolf, located in Basel, Switzerland, was selected as the research target. The solar panels to be installed on the facade of the Signal Box auf dem Wolf are planned such that they are able to move according to the optimal tilt angle every month to allow maximal energy generation. The kinetic photovoltaic facade system and the simulation of renewable energy generation were implemented using a parametric design. The novelty of this study is the development of a kinetic photovoltaic facade system using a parametric design algorithm. From the perspective of renewable energy in the field of architecture, the kinetic photovoltaic facade system developed in this study has the advantage of producing maximal renewable energy according to the optimal tilt angle of the solar panels. Additionally, building facades that move according to the optimal tilt angle will contribute to the expansion of the field of sustainable architectural design.


Research on Prediction of Movable Fluid Percentage in Unconventional Reservoir Based on Deep Learning

Abstract: In order to improve the measurement speed and prediction accuracy of unconventional reservoir parameters, the deep neural network (DNN) is used to predict movable fluid percentage of unconventional reservoirs. The Adam optimizer is used in the DNN model to ensure the stability and accuracy of the model in the gradient descent process, and the prediction effect is compared with the back propagation neural network (BPNN), K-nearest neighbor (KNN), and support vector regression model (SVR). During network training, L2 regularization is used to avoid over-fitting and improve the generalization ability of the model. Taking nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) T2 spectrum data of laboratory unconventional core as input features, the influence of model hyperparameters on the prediction accuracy of reservoir movable fluids is also experimentally analyzed. Experimental results show that, compared with BPNN, KNN, and SVR, the deep neural network model has a better prediction effect on movable fluid percentage of unconventional reservoirs; when the model depth is five layers, the prediction accuracy of movable fluid percentage reaches the highest value, the predicted value of the DNN model is in high agreement with the laboratory measured value. Therefore, the movable fluid percentage prediction model of unconventional oil reservoirs based on the deep neural network model can provide certain guidance for the intelligent development of the laboratory’s reservoir parameter measurement.

Jiuxin Wang
Yutian Luo
Zhengming Yang
Xinli Zhao
Zhongkun Niu


Estratigrafía y geología estructural de las rocas sedimentarias cretácicas del área de Lampazos, Sonora

Abstract: En la región de Lampazos, ubicada en la parte centrooriental de Sonora, aflora una columna de sedimentos del Cretácico Inferior (Aptiano-Albiano medio) con un espesor de 2,500 m. Para su estudio, la secuencia fue dividida en siete formaciones que, de la base a la cima, son: El Aliso, Agua Salada, Lampazos, Espinazo del Diablo, Los Picachos y su equivalente Nogal, y La Mesa. Las formaciones El Aliso, Lampazos y Los Picachos y el miembro 1 de la formación Nogal están constituidos por calizas de estratos delgados a medianos, con intercalaciones escasas de lutitas y areniscas de grano fino y presentan características litológicas y paleontológicas que indican que fueron depositadas en un ambiente marino de plataforma somera restringida (según el modelo de Rose, 1978). La mitad inferior de la formación Agua Salada está constituida por pedernal negro bien estratificado y contiene amonitas (Parahoplites sp.) y radiolarios; la mitad superior está constituida, principalmente, por lutitas negras con nódulos y capas de pedernal donde se encuentra amonitas (Dufrenoyia justinae, Hypacanthoplites sp.), lo cual permite asignarle una edad del Aptiano tardío (Gargasiana). Descargar texto completo.