Potential and limitations of multidecadal satellite soil moisture observations for selected climate model evaluation studies

Abstract: Soil moisture is an essential climate variable (ECV) of major importance for land–atmosphere interactions and global hydrology. An appropriate representation of soil moisture dynamics in global climate models is therefore important. Recently, a first multidecadal, observation-based soil moisture dataset has become available that provides information on soil moisture dynamics from satellite observations (ECVSM, essential climate variable soil moisture). The present study investigates the potential and limitations of this new dataset for several applications in climate model evaluation. We compare soil moisture data from satellite observations, reanalysis and simulations from a state-of-the-art land surface model and analyze relationships between soil moisture and precipitation anomalies in the different dataset. Other potential applications like model parameter optimization or model initialization are not investigated in the present study. In a detailed regional study, we show that ECVSM is capable to capture well the interannual and intraannual soil moisture and precipitation dynamics in the Sahelian region. Current deficits of the new dataset are critically discussed and summarized at the end of the paper to provide guidance for an appropriate usage of the ECVSM dataset for climate studies.

A. Loew
T. Stacke
W. Dorigo
R. de Jeu
S. Hagemann

Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering


Spatial Prioritizing of Integrated Management Systems in Urban Districts (Case Study: Tehran municipality districts)

Abstract: The city as part of a hierarchy of spatial systems and divisions of political-geographical in each country based on various criteria such as type of governance, management, knowledgement, social interest and public participation in decision-making system is formed. Since each element can be defined within functional features, so according to different roles that is defined in the subsystems of urban systems, can be identified by a variety of constituting components of the system. According to the role of urban management as system of control and guidance of urban in metropolises, can be named the elements mentioned under the management of municipal areas as elements of urban systems. On the other hand, the extent and distribution of metropolises are needed to balance in the volume of operations with it. The purpose of this research is spatial priority of integrated urban management system in districts of Tehran to solve the problems of urban management. Method of research is descriptive-analytic. To achieve the goal of research is used multi-criteria decision making models such as AHP and VIKOR for ranking of districts of Tehran. Results of the research show that among the urban districts of Tehran, district 6 is one of the most problem areas. Subsequently, is located the regions of 2 and 14. Also The results show that regions 8, 16 and 22 have fewer problems than other areas. Finally, spatial analysis for prioritizing of integrated urban management system in study area has been studied and suggestions are presented.

Seyedali Alavi
Mahammad Molayee Ghelich
Hadi Javadzad Aghdam
Bahman Najafpour

نشریه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی


Natural Differences in the Legal Dimension: Institutionalisation of the Northern and Mountain Regions of Russia

Abstract: Natural differences in the regional development of Russia are presented in many legislative acts dedicated to the Russian Far North. In contrast, the unique nature and complexity of mountainous and high-mountain territories are protected only by a few regional acts. The reason for this lies in the complexity and multicomponent criteria required for assigning these territories the status of protected areas and in the fact that their boundaries do not correspond with administrative boundaries. The main materials underlying the article are legal documents (regulations, laws, etc.) concerning the institutionalization of the northern and mountainous territories. A comparative analysis of regional policy in relation to mountainous and northern territories takes into account similar criteria, such as vegetation types and patterns, forest borders or crop frontiers. Almost two-thirds of the territory of Russia refers to the North and more than half of the territory is occupied by mountains. The first attempts to institutionalize the North were undertaken in the 1930s, while the programmes for the development of mountainous territories gained legal support only at the end of 20th century and only in some regions. The most important difference between the institutionalization of the North and the mountains is the fact that the state initiated the creation of special legal conditions for the North. In the case of the mountains, the initiator was the public, initially at the regional level. Currently, three constituent entities of the Russian Federation adopted laws on mountain areas, but so far there are no all-Russian laws. The main lobbyists are the North Caucasian regions, while the Siberian regions (with the exception of the Altai Republic) are rather passive in discussing mountain issues. The elaborated legislation for the North seems to be closely related to the potential and realised income from natural resource extraction. For this reason, corresponding legislation for the mountain regions is not expected particularly soon, due to the lack of legal resources. Efforts aimed to provide legal support for mechanisms that compensate the socio-economic discrepancies between mountainous areas and more developed “flat places” should take into account the experience of institutionalizing the Northern territories of the Russian Federation.

Yuri N. Golubchikov
Alexey N. Gunya
Matthias Schmidt


Glacier variations in the European Alps at the end of the last glaciation

Abstract: The Last Glacial Maximum in the Alps lasted from approximately 30 to 19 ka. Glaciers reached out onto the forelands on both sides of the main Alpine chains, forming piedmont lobes in the north and filling the Italian amphitheatres to the south. Pullback of glaciers from their maximum extent was underway by 24 ka. Glaciers oscillated at stillstand and minor re-advance positions for several thousand years forming Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) stadial moraines. North and south of the Alps, the various stadials cannot yet be unequivocally matched. Glaciers had receded back within the mountain front by 19-18 ka. During the early Lateglacial phase of ice decay remnants of the once huge valley glaciers that fed the piedmont lobes downwasted and were likely calving into the extensive lakes that formed in the lower valley reaches. The first Alpine-wide glacier re-advance took place during the Gschnitz stadial, 17-16 ka, which was likely a response to Europe-wide cooling during Heinrich event 1. By the Bølling/Allerød interstadial much of the Alps were ice-free. Glaciers advanced repeatedly to an extent several kilometers from the cirque headwalls, during the Egesen stadial in response to the Younger Dryas cold period. Egesen stadial moraines, at some sites several sets of moraines, were constructed in valleys all across the Alps. 10Be exposure dates for Egesen stadial moraines are in the range 13.5 to 12 ka. Moraines located at an intermediate position between the Little Ice Age moraines and the Egesen moraines formed at the margins of glaciers that advanced during the closing phase of the Egesen stadial or during the earliest Holocene at 10.5 ka.


Investigating seasonal velocity variations of selected glaciers in high mountain asia

Abstract: Glacier velocity is a sensitive indicator of mass balance and is key to understanding how glaciers respond to climate change. Monitoring glacier velocity at high temporal resolutions enables a better understanding of the drivers of glacier dynamics. Previous studies have found that the glaciers in High Mountain Asia (HMA) tend to slow down concomitant to losing mass at an accelerating rate on decadal timescales. However, few studies have explored seasonal variations in glacier velocities and have typically focused on large, fast-flowing glaciers. We select one debris-covered glacier, and four clean-ice glaciers in HMA. Sentinel-1 and -2 images are used to calculate the glacial velocities using the feature tracking module provided by the Cryosphere And Remote Sensing Toolkit (CARST). We develop a novel, regularised linear inverse model to extract the seasonally resolved glacial velocity time series (6-day intervals) with rigorous uncertainty estimates. Our results show that three of the five glaciers have strong seasonal signals in velocities, with faster velocities in spring and/or summer compared to winter. We also find an up-glacier propagation of the late spring and/or summer accelera-tions and a down-glacier propagation of the autumn accelerations. We suggest that changes in the subglacial hydrology efficiency drive the observed seasonal variations in velocities. We also highlight that icefalls may alter the glacier flow response by blocking the development of subglacial drainage channels and thus the seasonal propagation of velocities. Our methodol-ogy enables us to successfully extract seasonal signals in glaciers that flow slowly and provide a further understanding of glacier dynamics.

Francesca Baldacchino
Whyjay Zheng
Kunpeng Wu
Vassiliy Kapitsa
Alexandr Yegorov
Tobias Bolch


Surface circulation properties in the eastern Mediterranean emphasized using machine learning methods

Abstract: The eastern Mediterranean surface circulation is highly energetic and composed of structures interacting stochastically. However, some main features are still debated, and the behavior of some fine-scale dynamics and their role in shaping the general circulation is yet unknown. In the following paper, we use an unsupervised neural network clustering method to analyze the long-term variability of the different mesoscale structures. We decompose 26 years of altimetric data into clusters reflecting different circulation patterns of weak and strong flows with either strain or vortex-dominated velocities. The vortex-dominated cluster is more persistent in the western part of the basin, which is more active than the eastern part due to the strong flow along the coast, interacting with the extended bathymetry and engendering continuous instabilities. The cluster that reflects a weak flow dominated the middle of the basin, including the Mid-Mediterranean Jet (MMJ) pathway. However, the temporal analysis shows a frequent and intermittent occurrence of a strong flow in the middle of the basin, which could explain the previous contradictory assessment of MMJ existence using in-situ observations. Moreover, we prove that the Levantine Sea is becoming more and more energetic as the activity of the main mesoscale features is showing a positive trend.

G. Baaklini
G. Baaklini
R. El Hourany
M. Fakhri
J. Brajard
L. Issa
G. Fifani
G. Fifani
L. Mortier

Geography. Anthropology. Recreation
Environmental sciences


الأمير جاني بک نائب جدة وآثاره المعمارية بالقاهرة

محمد محمود علي الجهيني

محمد محمود علي الجهيني

South Valley University, Faculty of Arts in Qena

History (General) and history of Europe
Geography (General)
Language and Literature
Sociology (General)


Sulla data del grande planisfero fiorentino di Lopo Homen.

Bollettino della Società Geografica Italiana


Estimativa do fluxo de material em suspensão do Rio Paraíba do Meio (AL).

Abstract: O Rio Paraíba do Meio é considerado um rio de pequeno porte e não possui estudos referentes ao transporte de material em suspensão cujo ele é capaz de transportar, e vem sofrendo com interferências antrópicas ao longo de sua margem, mudando as condições físicas e biológicas do ambiente no qual o rio pertence e por consequência causando alterações. As coletas foram realizadas entre agosto de 2015 e junho de 2016, nas atividades de campo foram realizadas coletas mensais de amostras de água com auxílio de garrafa de coleta tipo Van Dorn e medição de parâmetros ambientais. Os locais de coletas foram georreferenciados com GPS Garmin e-trex. Nas atividades de laboratório foram aplicadas técnicas de análise para determinação de material em suspensão, segundo Strickland & Parsons (1972). Os cálculos de carga seguiram metodologia de Medeiros (2007). Mesmo os rios considerados de pequeno porte possuem uma grande importância no transporte de material em suspensão e nutrientes para a interface continente oceano. A carga de material em suspensão mostrou ser controlada de acordo com os regimes climáticos, geológicos e morfológicos.

Adsson André da Silva Gomes
Paulo Ricardo Petter Medeiros
Ana Carolina Cavalcante de Lima

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte


Editoral


¿Cómo se puede escribir una geografía de Colombia sin recurrir a la memoria colectiva de la nación, a su historia?: Yi-Fu Tuan

Abstract: En la base de datos del centro nacional de memoria Histórica reposa un dato preocupante. Entre 1980 y 2012 en Colombia tuvieron lugar 1.982 masacres (Centro Nacional de Memoria Histórica 2013). Para encontrar una explicación certera de las mismas, no basta simplemente con enunciar que responden a la agencia de los actores que han estado involucrados en el conflicto armado, ese mismo fenómeno que ha golpeado por décadas, a lo largo y ancho nuestro territorio nacional. Se hace necesario reconstruir los procesos, los contextos y las motivaciones.

Cuadernos de Geografía: Revista Colombiana de Geografía


INFLUÊNCIA DA MATURAÇÃO DO FRUTO NA GERMINAÇÃO DE SEMENTES DE NIM (Azadirachta indica a. juss.)

Antônio Francisco Michael Anderson Gomes de Aquino

Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável

Grupo Verde de Agroecologia e Abelhas (GVAA)

Agriculture (General)
Geography. Anthropology. Recreation
Environmental sciences


Editorial do número 45

Hervé Théry
Neli Aparecida de Mello-Théry


Uso público y capacidad de carga perceptual en espacios naturales protegidos

Abstract: Este trabajo muestra algunos de los resultados de la investigación realizada en el Proyecto «Las áreas de uso público en la Reserva de la Biosfera de Monfragüe. Accesibilidad y capacidad de carga» (Plan Nacional de Investigación Científica, Desarrollo e Innovación Tecnológica 2004-2007. Orden MAM/321/207. Expte. 024/SGTB/2007/4.1). En líneas generales, se presenta un estudio de las principales áreas de uso público desde la perspectiva de la capacidad de carga, ya que dichas áreas polarizan por regla general los flujos de usuarios, las inversiones y son el eje principal sobre el que descansa la afluencia de usuarios al Parque, por ello es necesario evaluar no sólo la capacidad de carga sino también la intensidad de su uso.

Felipe Leco Berrocal
Antonio Pérez Díaz
Beatriz Mateos Rodríguez


Urban Aboriginal Creation Stories and History: contesting the past and the present. The Eleventh Doireann MacDermott Lecture

Abstract:
This paper is based on the 11th annual Doireann MacDermott public lecture presented at
the Universitat de Barcelona in November, 2010. It is a critique of discourses and
representations in Australian society, and indeed, embedded in all western societies (and
many non-western societies I suspect) which support and reinforce artificial binary
oppositions which make up social structures and institutions. Binary oppositions
reinforce oppositional power dynamics, making one term positive and the other
negative, not recognizing categories in-between. Linguistically, for example, the terms
‘Indigenous’ and ‘non-Indigenous’ articulate a false dichotomy between people who,
empirically, are not two discrete groups, but rather, multiple groups within each
category which interact within and between groups in complex and fluid engagements.
The discourses and representations I discuss in this paper articulate imaginary binary
oppositions out of social processes and identities which are, in fact, very similar.
However, because these discourses and representations are constructed by different
social groups with unequal power relationships they are treated as opposites, one with a
higher value than the other. In this paper I am primarily concerned with history and
myth, and in two related ‘stories’, the Lachlan Macquarie story, classified as history
because it is primarily written and ‘belongs’ to the dominant Australian society, and the
Maria Locke story, classified as myth because it is primarily oral, and explains the
emergence and characteristics of a group of Aboriginal people who claim traditional
Aboriginal ownership of a large part of what is today called Sydney.

Geography. Anthropology. Recreation
History of Oceania (South Seas)


Spatial analysis of smart tourism contrasts A comparison between tourist attractions in Cairo and Dubai

Abstract:
Technology has undergone rapid advancements, significantly impacting various sectors, with the tourism industry emerging as one of the most benefited. This research examines several key aspects, including: An overview of Cairo and Dubai as global tourism hubs, Tourist places in Cairo and Dubai, Tourism characteristics in Cairo and Dubai, Smart tourism tools in Cairo and Dubai, Technology applications in tourism in Cairo and Dubai, Smart tourism problems in Cairo and Dubai, The Role of Geographic Information Systems in Selecting the Optimal Location for Smart Tourism Applications in Cairo and Dubai, Evaluating the Status of Smart Tourism in Cairo and Dubai, The Future of Smart Tourism in Cairo and Dubai.
It identifies patterns and trends, and evaluates the effectiveness of technological initiatives in enhancing the tourist experience, improving resource management, and supporting sustainable development. The main areas of focus include several findings and recommendations.  The results reveal how Cairo and Dubai leverage technologies such as machine learning, the Internet of Things, and big data analytics to create an integrated and innovative tourism environment. The research highlights best practices and provides practical insights for policymakers, resource managers, and tourism industry leaders, enabling them to maximize the benefits of these technologies for tourism development. This research emphasizes the crucial role of spatial analysis in understanding the relationship between technology and tourism, thus contributing to Dubai's vision of becoming a leading global smart tourism destination.

Al-Mağallah Al-ʿilmiyyaẗ Li Kulliyyaẗ Al-Adāb - Ǧāmiʿaẗ Asyūṭ

History (General) and history of Europe
Geography. Anthropology. Recreation
Oriental languages and literatures
Sociology (General)


Morfometría fluvial aplicada a una cuenca urbana en Ingeniero White, República Argentina

Abstract: La morfometría fluvial estudia diversas variables que caracterizan la forma de una cuenca de drenaje. El objetivo de este trabajo es aplicar el método morfométrico de cuencas naturales a una cuenca urbana. El área en estudio (6 km2) drena sus aguas al frente costero y comprende la localidad de Ingeniero White, República Argentina. Se realizó la jerarquización de la red de drenaje. Se identificaron tres subcuencas con escasa pendiente que presentan eventos de inundación, con mayor peligrosidad con precipitaciones extremas. Los valores de relación de longitud indicaron mayor concentración de energía en eventos de grandes avenidas. Los valores de relación de elongación demostraron que una de las subcuencas es de forma circular y presenta mayor velocidad en las avenidas de la escorrentía. Las dos cuencas más elongadas tienen mayor retardo en las avenidas. El mayor caudal del área en estudio fluye por la cuenca que posee el mayor número de orden y la mayor superficie. Las otras dos cuencas están sujetas a crecientes instantáneas y de respuesta inmediata. Los valores de pendiente y de área aplicados a modelos hidrológicos e hidraúlico determinaron la sección de los conductos y canales. El caudal calculado para el área drenada fue de 22.41 m3/s.

Alicia María Campo
Nélida Beatriz Aldalur
Sandra Noemí Fernández

Geography. Anthropology. Recreation
Geography (General)


الأفعال الكلامية التعبيرية في ترجمة بهمن رازانى لرواية "اللص والكلاب" لنجيب محفوظ للغة الفارسية

Abstract:
  شكّلت نظرية الأفعال الكلامية أهم حلقة في الدراسات التداولية؛ حيث نقلت هذه النظرية الاهتمام من الجملة إلى الحدث أو الإنجاز الذي يحققه هذا الفعل اللغوي، كما تهتم التداولية بالنظر للغة من خلال الموقف الاستعمالي، وتعد الأفعال الكلامية مكونًا أساسيًا من مكوناتها التي تنطلق من خلاله إلى التحليل؛ للوقوف على الأغراض الدلالية والهدف من عملية الكلام والتواصل، أيضًا معرفة العلاقة بين المتكلم والمخاطب، وتعد التعبيريات أحد أهم أنواع الأفعال الكلامية وذلك وفقًا لتقسيم سيرل؛ لأنها أفعالًا تعبيرية يتم من خلالها التعبير عن مشاعر المتكلم وغرضها الأساسي التنفيس عن النفس؛ ومن ثم التأثير في المتلقي، وتوجيهه أو إرشاده لعمل ما أو تركه.
  ويهدف هذا البحث إلى تتبع الأفعال الكلامية التعبيرية في رواية "اللص والكلاب – دزد وسـﮕها" لنجيب محفوظ، ومعرفة ما عبّرت عنه هذه الأفعال التعبيرية والغرض الإنجازي منها؛ وقد اعتمد هذا البحث على منهج التحليل التداولي في رصد وتحليل الأفعال التعبيرية في الترجمة الفارسية لهذه الرواية.
  وقد جاء البحث في مقدمة تناولت أهمية البحث والهدف من دراسته، وخطة البحث والدراسات السابقة؛ ثم تعريف الفعل الكلامي وأسس تصنيفه وأنواعه عند سيرل من منظور لغوي؛ ثم الحديث عن الأفعال الكلامية التعبيرية بأنواعها المختلفة في الرواية -موضع الدراسة- ؛ وقد توصل البحث إلى عدد من النتائج تم رصدها في خاتمة البحث؛ ثم قائمة بالمصادر والمراجع التى اعتمد عليها البحث.

أماني سيد محمد السيد

أماني سيد محمد السيد


Assessing economic impacts of future GLOFs in Nepal's Everest region under different SSP scenarios using three-dimensional simulations

Abstract: This study investigates simulated glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) at five glacial lakes in the Everest region of Nepal using the three-dimensional model OpenFOAM. It presents the evolution of GLOF characteristics in the 21st century considering different moraine breach scenarios and two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways scenarios. The results demonstrate that in low-magnitude scenarios, the five lakes generate GLOFs that inundate between 0.35 and 2.23 km2 of agricultural land with an average water depth of 0.9 to 3.58 m. These GLOFs reach distances of 59 to 84 km, affect 30 to 88 km of roads or trails, and inundate 183 to 1699 buildings with 1.2 to 4.9 m of water. In higher scenarios, GLOFs can extend over 100 km and also affect larger settlements in the foothills. Between 80 and 100 km of roads, 735 to 1989 houses and 0.85 to 3.52 km2 of agricultural land could be inundated, with average water depths of up to 10 m. The high precision of the 3D flood modeling, with detailed simulations of turbulence and viscosity, provides valuable insights into 21st-century GLOF evolution, supporting more accurate risk assessments and effective adaptation strategies.

Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences


Nem tudo que reluz é ouro: desmestificando a interface entre o novo paradigma do desenvolvimento e o novo urbano

Abstract: O presente estudo teve como objetivo, a partir de uma análise teórica e de revisão bibliográfica, compreender a essência da interface entre o novo paradigma de desenvolvimento (com ênfase no local) e o novo urbano, este que, está alicerçado no conceito de cidade-mercadoria. Desse modo, também buscou-se compreender as principais consequências socioambientais desse novo urbano espetacularizado. Conclui-se que o desenvolvimento local e a cidade-mercadoria são categorias aparentemente congruentes, mas, na essência, são incongruentes. Enquanto, o desenvolvimento local está alicerçado no conceito de fomentar as potencialidades locais e a segunda categoria se baseia na “importação” de modelos e a construção de imagens-sínteses, destruindo a diversidade própria das cidades. Ademais, vimos que a espetaculização das cidades se apresenta como um dos modelos de cidade-mercadoria, onde são poucos os que se beneficiam com a reestruturação urbana do espetáculo.

Thayse Andrezza Oliveria do Bu
Thais Marculino da Silva
Angela Maria Cavalcanti Ramalho

Human ecology. Anthropogeography
Physical geography
Geography (General)


STUDY OF RECREATIONAL NEEDS OF THE POPULATION OF THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA AS A BASIS FOR THE FORMATION OF TOURISM DEMAND IN THE REGION

Abstract: Introduction: the aim of the study is to analyze the recreational needs of the population of the South of Russia, to study the geography of tourist flows in the macroregion, the ranking of preferences for tourist destinations, and motives for tourist trips. The importance of studying the recreational needs of the population as the main factor generating the demand for tourism services is substantiated. Materials and methods of the research: the study is based on a generalization of the results of a sociological survey of the population of seven subjects of Southern Russia. The survey was implemented using the Google Forms online service. The data obtained in the course of a sociological survey supplement statistical information and allow comprehensive study of various aspects of tourism in the macro-region. The results of the study and their discussion: as a result, the main directions of tourist lows in the South of Russia were identified, the most popular tourist centers were revealed, the most preferred types of transport and types of accommodation establishments were determined. The analysis of the main factors restraining the development of tourism in the South of Russia is presented. Conclusions: an analysis of the data of a sociological survey allows to identify: the neighboring position and transport accessibility as a key factor in choosing a destination for recreation; traditional high demand for resorts on the Black Sea coast of the Krasnodar Territory and the emerging demand for mountain climatic resorts, especially in the summer; insignificant interest of potential tourists in the excursion centers of the plain part of the South of Russia.

Наука. Инновации. Технологии


Extreme heat in India and anthropogenic climate change

Abstract:
On 19 May 2016 the afternoon temperature reached 51.0 °C in Phalodi
in the northwest of India – a new record for the highest observed maximum
temperature in India. The previous year, a widely reported very lethal
heat wave occurred in the southeast, in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, killing
thousands of people. In both cases it was widely assumed that the probability
and severity of heat waves in India are increasing due to global warming, as
they do in other parts of the world. However, we do not find positive trends
in the highest maximum temperature of the year in most of India since the 1970s
(except spurious trends due to missing data). Decadal variability
cannot explain this, but both increased air pollution with aerosols blocking
sunlight and increased irrigation leading to evaporative cooling have
counteracted the effect of greenhouse gases up to now. Current climate models
do not represent these processes well and hence cannot be used to attribute
heat waves in this area.

The health effects of heat are often described better by a combination of
temperature and humidity, such as a heat index or wet bulb temperature. Due
to the increase in humidity from irrigation and higher sea surface temperatures
(SSTs), these indices have increased over the last decades even when extreme temperatures have not. The extreme air pollution also exacerbates the health impacts of heat. From these factors it follows that, from a health impact point of view, the severity of heat waves has increased in India.

For the next decades we expect the trend due to global warming to continue
but the surface cooling effect of aerosols to diminish as air quality
controls are implemented. The expansion of irrigation will likely continue,
though at a slower pace, mitigating this trend somewhat. Humidity will
probably continue to rise. The combination will result in a strong rise in the
temperature of heat waves. The high humidity will make health effects worse,
whereas decreased air pollution would decrease the impacts.

G. J. van Oldenborgh
S. Philip
S. Kew
M. van Weele
P. Uhe
P. Uhe
F. Otto
R. Singh
I. Pai
I. Pai
H. Cullen
K. AchutaRao


Abstract: The work is dedicated to description of Russian settlements patterns using spatial statistics. Spatial statistics is a powerful analysis method which reveals the properties of 2D point distributions. The methods differ from each other in issues to solve: for cluster analysis (Morishita index, create histogram), distribution characteristics estimation (the k-Morishita index, B-function, index lakunarity), clustering (k-means, ISODATA) and other. The capabilities of modern GIS programs for these methods are described. New instruments for calculation of kMorishita index and B-function are programmed using Python language. Then all regions of Russia are analyzed to reveal the potential of spatial statistics in description of city distribution patterns and their differences. Results are used in compilation of the map "Regional specific features of human settlements location in Russia".

Laboratory of Complex Mapping, Faculty of Geography, MSU


"Al Brasile" del Lomonaco


As Muitas Arqueologias das Minas Gerais

Abstract:
Apresentamos uma história crítica das pesquisas em arqueologia - particularmente pré-histórica - realizadas em território mineiro desde o século XIX. Após a fase do pioneirismo (P. Lund, amadores diversos), missões internacionais estudam a região de Lagoa Santa no terceiro quarto do século XX, enquanto o Programa Nacional de Pesquisas Arqueológicas (PRONAPA) inicia levantamentos no alto vale do rio São Francisco. Com a abertura de pesquisas mais sistemáticas pelo Instituto de Arqueologia Brasileira (IAB) no Norte mineiro e a criação do Setor de Pesquisa da UFMG, na segunda metade dos anos de 1970, abre-se uma fase de pesquisas mais intensivas e regionais, tematicamente diversificadas. O início deste século XXI é marcado pela multiplicação das pesquisas preventivas e de resgate, a emergência de novos centros de pesquisa e a criação de cursos de formação de arqueólogos na UFMG. O Patrimônio pré-histórico de Minas Gerais é notável pela importância de preservação de materiais perecíveis, de restos esqueletais humanos de grande antiguidade, pela riqueza dos registros rupestres e a variedade regional das indústrias realizadas sobre matérias-primas muito diversas. A arqueologia histórica, cuja importância cresceu exponencialmente nos dois últimos decênios, é marcada pela importância dos vestígios da mineração de pedras e metais
preciosos, dos assentamentos de escravos fugitivos e os remanescentes de fazendas antigas, cujo estudo se desenvolveu comparativamente mais que a arqueologia da urbanização e dos monumentos barrocos.

Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri


Paisaje, forma y turismo en ciudades históricas

Abstract:
En un contexto de crisis en el que el turismo es uno de los sectores más dinámicos, los paisajes culturales urbanos pueden actuar como producto susceptible de comercialización y de alternativa a la especulación del suelo como fuente de financiación local. Este artículo es el resultado de investigaciones que ponen el acento sobre las amenazas experimentadas por los paisajes culturales como consecuencia de procesos de urbanización poco respetuosos con los valores patrimoniales e identitarios. La entrada en vigor en España desde el 1 de marzo de 2008 del Convenio Europeo del paisaje y las directrices para la aplicación de la Convención del Patrimonio Mundial Cultural y Natural de la UNESCO, de 1992, favorecen estrategias de gestión y de conservación de los paisajes culturales y su puesta en valor a través del turismo. Todo ello exige armonizar protección del patrimonio y ordenación del territorio, de manera que se preste especial atención a las formas urbanas heredadas, principales responsables de los valores paisajísticos urbanos.

[fr] Dans un contexte de crise dans lequel le tourisme est l`un des secteurs les plus dynamiques, les paysages culturels urbains peuvent devenir de produits susceptibles de commercialisation et de contrer la spéculation du sol comme source de financement local. Cet article est le résultat de recherches qui mettent l’accent sur les menaces éprouvées par les paysages culturels à la suite des processus d’urbanisation peu respectueux avec les valeurs patrimoniales et identitaires. L’entrée en vigueur en Espagne depuis le 1 mars 2008 de la Convention européenne du paysage et les Directives pour l’application de la Convention du Patrimoine Mondial Culturel et Naturel de l’UNESCO, de 1992, prônent des stratégies de gestion et de conservation des paysages culturels et de leur mise en tourisme. Tout cela exige d’harmoniser la protection du patrimoine et l’aménagement du territoire, de sorte qu’on prête attention surtout aux formes urbaines héritées, ayant compte sur leur responsabilité dans les valeurs paysagères urbaines.

Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas


RadarDiT: An advanced radar echo extrapolation model for three gorges reservoir area via diffusion transformer

Abstract: Study region: The Three Gorges Reservoir Area (TGRA) Study focus: TGRA faces increasing vulnerability to extreme precipitation events driven by complex convective weather systems. Radar echo extrapolation—predicting future precipitation patterns from current radar data—is essential for early warning systems but faces significant challenges in this topographically complex region. While data-driven approaches have advanced the field, current convolutional neural network-based diffusion models struggle with the TGRA's dynamic meteorological conditions due to their reliance on translational invariance, which often fails to capture rapid weather transitions in complex terrain. New hydrogeological insights from the region: To address these limitations, we introduce RadarDiT, a Vision Transformer-based diffusion model specifically engineered for radar extrapolation in the TGRA. First, we develop a five-year radar dataset capturing diverse convective weather phenomena unique to this region. Then, leveraging this dataset, RadarDiT employs multi-layer Vision Transformers that effectively model global dependencies and complex spatial relationships, enabling accurate prediction of convective cell evolution. Our model demonstrates superior performance in maintaining strong echo and spatial coherence over longer forecast horizons. Quantitative evaluations across multiple metrics and thresholds confirm RadarDiT's enhanced skill in forecasting heavy precipitation events, with particular improvements in Critical Success Index at higher radar echo values. This work establishes a foundation for more reliable nowcasting systems in regions with complex terrain and dynamic weather patterns, directly supporting enhanced disaster preparedness and response strategies.

Jiaquan Wan
Junchao Wang
Wei Zhang
Hao Song
Congyi Nai
Fengchang Xue
Tao Yang
Chunxiang Shi
Quan J. Wang
Baoxiang Pan


Borbón, J. A. (2012), América Latina: caminos de la integración regional, FLACSO, Costa Rica/San José, 175p., ISBN 978-9977-68-240-2


GLOBALIZAÇÃO, TURISMO E LAZER NA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE NATAL/RN

Abstract: Na última década, o litoral potiguar torna-se alvo de investimentos internacionais para a implantação de condomínios fechados, resorts e condhotéis, associando segundas residências com empreendimentos turísticos. As políticas públicas de turismo implantadas nos últimos anos contribuíram para o melhor aparelhamento do território, no que se refere a sua logística, verificando-se, em decorrência, a atração não apenas de investimentos turísticos tradicionais, mas também de novas tipologias que associam empreendimentos turísticos ao setor imobiliário. A presente pesquisa teve como principal objetivo identificar o perfil da demanda estrangeira de segunda residência na Região Metropolitana de Natal. Nos procedimentos metodológicos foram feito o levantamento de dados secundários em diversos órgãos públicos (IBGE, MITUR, SETUR/RN) sobre a expansão das segundas residências e a realização de entrevistas nas imobiliárias que negociam este tipo de imóvel, cadastradas no Sindicato do Setor Imobiliário do RN (SECOVI/RN). Os resultados do estudo permitiram chegar a uma série de conclusões. Verificou-se que o consumidor estrangeiro de segunda residência possui faixa etária entre 30 e 50 anos e se constitui, em sua maioria, de profissionais liberais. As nacionalidades que mais procuram a localidade para a aquisição deste tipo de imóvel são: espanhóis, noruegueses, portugueses, ingleses e italianos. Identificou-se que há uma predominância do sexo masculino na demanda e que a maioria possui curso superior completo. Verificou-se também que os proprietários de residência secundária possuem alto poder aquisitivo; o investimento é a motivação principal para a aquisição deste tipo de imóvel e o preço praticado no mercado imobiliário na RMN é fator relevante para a aquisição de segunda residência na localidade.

Maria Aparecida Pontes da Fonseca
Renata Mayara Moreira de Lima

Recreation leadership. Administration of recreation services


Left Noetherian rings with differentially trivial proper quotient rings

Abstract: We characterize left Noetherian rings with differentially trivial proper quotient rings.<br />

Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University


Motion-Compensated PET Image Reconstruction via Separable Parabolic Surrogates

Abstract: The effective resolution of positron emission tomography (PET) can be significantly degraded by patient motion during data acquisition. This is especially true in the thorax due to respiratory motion. This study concentrates on the improvement of motion correction algorithms both in terms of image quality and computational cost. In this paper, we present a novel motion-compensated image reconstruction (MCIR) algorithm based on a parabolic surrogate likelihood function instead of the loglikelihood function of the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm. The theoretical advantage of the parabolic surrogate algorithm lies within the fact that its loglikelihood is upper bounded by the EM loglikelihood, thus it will converge faster than EM. This is of particular importance in PET motion correction, where reconstructions are very computationally demanding. Relaxation parameters were also introduced to converge closer to the maximum likelihood (ML) solution and achieve lower noise levels. Image reconstructions with embedded relaxation parameters actually converged to better solutions than the corresponding ones without relaxation. Motion-compensated parabolic surrogates were indeed shown to accelerate convergence compared to EM, without reaching a limit cycle. Nonetheless, with the incorporation of ordered subsets in the reconstruction setting, the improvement was less evident.

Nicholas E. Protonotarios
George A. Kastis
Andreas D. Fotopoulos
Andreas G. Tzakos
Dimitrios Vlachos
Nikolaos Dikaios


Cost effective reproduction number based strategies for reducing deaths from COVID-19

Abstract: Abstract In epidemiology, the effective reproduction number R e $R_{e}$ is used to characterize the growth rate of an epidemic outbreak. If R e > 1 $R_{e} >1$ , the epidemic worsens, and if R e < 1 $R_{e}< 1$ , then it subsides and eventually dies out. In this paper, we investigate properties of R e $R_{e}$ for a modified SEIR model of COVID-19 in the city of Houston, TX USA, in which the population is divided into low-risk and high-risk subpopulations. The response of R e $R_{e}$ to two types of control measures (testing and distancing) applied to the two different subpopulations is characterized. A nonlinear cost model is used for control measures, to include the effects of diminishing returns. Lowest-cost control combinations for reducing instantaneous R e $R_{e}$ to a given value are computed. We propose three types of heuristic strategies for mitigating COVID-19 that are targeted at reducing R e $R_{e}$ , and we exhibit the tradeoffs between strategy implementation costs and number of deaths. We also consider two variants of each type of strategy: basic strategies, which consider only the effects of controls on R e $R_{e}$ , without regard to subpopulation; and high-risk prioritizing strategies, which maximize control of the high-risk subpopulation. Results showed that of the three heuristic strategy types, the most cost-effective involved setting a target value for R e $R_{e}$ and applying sufficient controls to attain that target value. This heuristic led to strategies that begin with strict distancing of the entire population, later followed by increased testing. Strategies that maximize control on high-risk individuals were less cost-effective than basic strategies that emphasize reduction of the rate of spreading of the disease. The model shows that delaying the start of control measures past a certain point greatly worsens strategy outcomes. We conclude that the effective reproduction can be a valuable real-time indicator in determining cost-effective control strategies.

Christopher Thron
Vianney Mbazumutima
Luis V. Tamayo
Léonard Todjihounde


Solving a class of distributed-order time fractional wave-diffusion differential equations using the generalized fractional-order Bernoulli wavelets

Abstract: In this research, we propose a new numerical method for solving a class of distributed-order fractional partial differential equations, specifically focusing on distributed-order time fractional wave-diffusion equations. The method begins by introducing a novel generalization of Bernoulli wavelets and deriving an exact result for the Riemann–Liouville integral of these new basis functions. Utilizing the Gauss–Legendre quadrature formula and a strategically chosen set of collocation points, along with approximations for the unknown function and its derivatives, we transform the problem into a system of algebraic equations. An error analysis is then conducted for the approximation of a bivariate function using fractional-order Bernoulli wavelets. Finally, three examples are solved to demonstrate the method’s applicability and accuracy, with the numerical results confirming its effectiveness. These findings demonstrate that the parameters of the basis functions can be adjusted to suit the given problem, thereby enhancing the accuracy of the method.

Ali AbuGneam
Somayeh Nemati
Afshin Babaei

Partial Differential Equations in Applied Mathematics

Applied mathematics. Quantitative methods


Application of a Novel Multi-Agent Optimization Algorithm Based on PID Controllers in Stochastic Control Problems

Abstract: The article considers the problem of finding the optimal on average control of the trajectories of continuous stochastic systems with incomplete feedback. This class of problems includes control problems in which the initial states are described by a given distribution law; random effects on the control object are taken into account; and it is also assumed that information is available only about some coordinates of the state vector. As special cases, the problems of determining the optimal open-loop control and control with complete feedback in the presence of information about all state vector coordinates are considered. A method for parameterization of the control law based on expansions in various systems of basis functions is described. The problem of parametric optimization obtained is solved using a new metaheuristic multi-agent algorithm based on the use of extended PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) controllers to control the movement of agents. Solutions of three model examples of control of nonlinear continuous stochastic systems with interval constraints on the amount of control for all possible cases of state vector awareness are presented.


El lío de los grandes números


On compound operators depending on s parameters

Abstract:
In this note we introduce a compound operator depending on \(s\)
 parameters using binomial sequences. We compute the values of this
 operator on the test functions, we give a convergence theorem and
 a representation of the remainder in the corresponding
 approximation formula. We also mention some special cases of this
 operator.

Journal of Numerical Analysis and Approximation Theory

Publishing House of the Romanian Academy


Implementation of a Transform-Minutiae Fusion-Based Model for Fingerprint Recognition

Abstract: Biometrics consists of scientific methods of using a person’s unique physiological or behavioral traits for electronic identification and verification. The traits for biometric identification are fingerprint, voice, face, and palm print recognition. However, this study considers fingerprint recognition for in-person identification since they are distinctive, reliable, and relatively easy to acquire. Despite the many works done, the problem of accuracy still persists which perhaps can be attributed to the varying characteristic of the acquisition devices. This study seeks to improve the issue recognition accuracy with the proposal of the fusion of a two transform and minutiae models. In this study, a transform-minutiae fusion-based model for fingerprint recognition is proposed. The first transform technique, thus wave atom transform, was used for data smoothing while the second transform, thus wavelet, was used for feature extraction. These features were added to the minutiae features for person recognition. Evaluating the proposed design on the FVC 2002 dataset showed a relatively better performance compared to existing methods with an accuracy measure of 100% as to 96.67% and 98.55% of the existing methods.

Justice Kwame Appati
Prince Kofi Nartey
Ebenezer Owusu
Ismail Wafaa Denwar

International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences


Bilateral generating functions for a new class of generalized Legendre polynominals

Abstract: Recently Chatterjea (1) has proved a theorem to deduce a bilateral generating function for the Ultraspherical polynomials. In the present paper an attempt has been made to give a general version of Chatterjea's theorem. Finally, the theorem has been specialized to obtain a bilateral generating function for a class of polynomials {Pn(x;α,β)} introduced by Bhattacharjya (2).

A. N. Srivastava
S. D. Singh
S. N. Singh


Complex Riemannian Spacetime: Removal of Black Hole Singularities and Black Hole Paradoxes

Abstract: An approach is presented to resolve key paradoxes in black hole physics through the application of complex Riemannian spacetime. We extend the Schwarzschild metric into the complex domain, employing contour integration techniques to remove singularities while preserving the essential features of the original solution. A new regularized radial coordinate is introduced, leading to a singularity-free description of black hole interiors. Crucially, we demonstrate how this complex extension resolves the long-standing paradox of event horizon formation occurring only in the infinite future of distant observers. By analyzing trajectories in complex spacetime, we show that the horizon can form in finite complex time, reconciling the apparent contradiction between proper and coordinate time descriptions. This approach also provides a framework for the analytic continuation of information across event horizons, resolving the Hawking information paradox. We explore the physical interpretation of the complex extension versus its projection onto real spacetime. The gravitational collapse of a dust sphere with negligible dust is explored in the complex spacetime extension. The approach offers a mathematically rigorous framework for exploring quantum gravity effects within the context of classical general relativity.


Information Extraction Tool Text2ALM: From Narratives to Action Language System Descriptions

Abstract: In this work we design a narrative understanding tool Text2ALM. This tool uses an action language ALM to perform inferences on complex interactions of events described in narratives. The methodology used to implement the Text2ALM system was originally outlined by Lierler, Inclezan, and Gelfond (2017) via a manual process of converting a narrative to an ALM model. It relies on a conglomeration of resources and techniques from two distinct fields of artificial intelligence, namely, natural language processing and knowledge representation and reasoning. The effectiveness of system Text2ALM is measured by its ability to correctly answer questions from the bAbI tasks published by Facebook Research in 2015. This tool matched or exceeded the performance of state-of-the-art machine learning methods in six of the seven tested tasks. We also illustrate that the Text2ALM approach generalizes to a broader spectrum of narratives.

Electronic Proceedings in Theoretical Computer Science

Mathematics
Electronic computers. Computer science


Weak and strong forms of irresolute maps

Abstract:
We consider new weak and stronger forms of irresolute and
semi-closure via the concept sg-closed sets which we call
ap-irresolute maps, ap-semi-closed maps and contra-irresolute and
use it to obtain a characterization of semi-T1/2 spaces.


An η-Intuitionistic Fuzzy Rings Structure

Abstract: In this article, we present the structure of η-intuitionistic fuzzy ring. An η-intuitionistic fuzzy ring is a structure which is built with combinating the definition of fuzzy ring, intuitionistic fuzzy set, and η-intuitionistic fuzzy set. The η-intuitionistic fuzzy set is characterized by any value η∈[0,1], where the degree of membership μ_(A^η ) (k) is obtained based on the averaging operator of the degree of membership μ_A (k) and the value of η∈[0,1]. While the degree of non membership ν_(A^η ) (k) is obtained based on the averaging operator of the degree of non membership ν_A (k) and the value of 1-η∈[0,1]. In its development, new concepts were obtained, namely the η-intuitionistic fuzzy ideal and its properties related to the sum and product operation of η-intuitionistic fuzzy ideals. Furthermore, the η-intuitionistic fuzzy ideals concept can be developed into an η-intuitionistic fuzzy quotient ring, η-intuitionistic fuzzy homomorphism, and its properties on the next research.

Syafitri Hidayahningrum
Noor Hidayat
Marjono Marjono

JTAM (Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Matematika)


بناء نظام للتعرف على الأشخاص بالاعتماد على الأبعاد الهندسیة للید البشریة

Maha Abd Alrahman Al-Hasoo
Zeena N. Al-kateeb

Al-Rafidain Journal of Computer Sciences and Mathematics


Existence of solutions to steady Navier-Stokes equations via a minimax approach

Amin Fereidooni
Abbas Moameni
Anant Grewal

Electronic Journal of Differential Equations


A remark on Carathéodory type selections

Abstract: We prove existence of Carathéodory type selections for multifunctions of two variables which are weakly lower semicontinuous with respect to one variable and measurable with respect to the other.


Low regularity solutions of the Chern-Simons-Higgs equations in the Lorentz gauge

Abstract: We prove local well-posedness for the 2+1-dimensional  Chern-Simons-Higgs equations in the Lorentz gauge with initial  data of low regularity. Our result improves earlier results  by Huh [10, 11].


Método de Pontos Interiores Barreira Logarítmica Preditor-Corretor Especializado para o Problema de Regressão pela Norma Lp

Abstract: Os métodos de pontos interiores barreira logarítmica e preditor-corretor são aplicados ao problema de regressão pela norma Lp com algumas particularidades com o objetivo de obter uma implementação eficiente. O problema de regressão tem inúmeras aplicações em diversas áreas. A norma-2 é muito popular, entre outros motivos, por permitir uma solução direta. Por sua vez, a norma-1 permite reduzir o efeito de pontos discrepantes enquanto que a norma-infinito garante proteção contra o pior caso. A norma-p permite pensar estas características de diferentes formas, adaptando o método ao problema a ser resolvido. A implementação do método de pontos interiores desenvolvida é comparada com métodos existentes.

Daniela Renata Cantane
E. G. Contharteze
A. R. L. Oliveira

Trends in Computational and Applied Mathematics

Sociedade Brasileira de Matemática Aplicada e Computacional


The diophantine equation x2+3m=yn

Abstract: The object ofthis paper is to prove the following.


A Model of Social Distancing for Interacting Age-Distributed Multi-Populations: An Analysis of Students’ In-Person Return to Schools

Abstract: Because of the current scenario of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic in Brazil, whose vaccination campaign is in the initial stage, government authorities have pointed out towards the complete reopening of the economy. And recently for the in-personal return of classroom teaching in schools. Given the family relationship, one of the questions that remained without an answer is: What are the consequences of the schools reopening on the dissemination of COVID-19? The purpose of this work is to analyze a variant of the compartmental SIRD (Susceptible, Infected, Recovered, social distancing) model within a structured interacting age population representing six age groups from the basic education age to the elders. We present a complete analysis of the well-posedness of the proposed mathematical model. Moreover, we discuss distinct disease spreading scenarios based on observations of the mathematical behavior of the proposed dynamics. We also present a result of existence for the stationary points in terms of the parameters of the model and the number of infected age groups. Finally, we present different numerical simulations of predicted scenarios by the model. Those numerical realizations collaborate with the conclusion that an early school reopening - that implies the departure of the youngster from social isolation - causes the infection curve to grow considerably, even for other age groups.


Period of Arrhythmia Anchored around an Infarction Scar in an Anatomical Model of the Human Ventricles

Abstract: Rotating nonlinear waves of excitation in the heart cause dangerous cardiac arrhythmias. Frequently, ventricular arrhythmias occur as a result of myocardial infarction and are associated with rotation of the waves around a post-infarction scar. In this paper, we perform a detailed in silico analysis of scroll waves in an anatomical model of the human ventricles with a generic model of the infarction scar surrounded by the gray zone with modified properties of the myocardial tissue. Our model includes a realistic description of the heart shape, anisotropy of cardiac tissue and a detailed description of the electrical activity in human ventricular cells by a TP06 ionic model. We vary the size of the scar and gray zone and analyze the dependence of the rotation period on the injury dimensions. Two main regimes of wave scrolling are observed: the scar rotation, when the wave rotates around the scar, and the gray zone rotation, when the wave rotates around the boundary of the gray zone and normal tissue. The transition from the gray zone to the scar rotation occurs for the width of gray zone above 10–20 mm, depending on the perimeter of the scar. We compare our results with simulations in 2D and show that 3D anisotropy reduces the period of rotation. We finally use a model with a realistic shape of the scar and show that our approach predicts correctly the period of the arrhythmia.

Daria Mangileva
Pavel Konovalov
Arsenii Dokuchaev
Olga Solovyova
Alexander V. Panfilov


MOMENTS OF THE LENGTH OF LINE SEGMENTS IN HOMOGENEOUS PLANAR STIT TESSELLATIONS

Abstract: Homogeneous planar tessellations stable under iteration (STIT tessellations) are considered. Using recent results about the joint distribution of direction and length of the typical I-, K- and J-segment we prove closed formulas for the first, second and higher moments of the length of these segments given their direction. This especially leads to themean values and variances of these quantities andmean value relations as well as general moment relationships. Moreover, the relation between these mean values and certain conditional mean values (and also higher moments) is discussed. The results are also illustrated for several examples.

Slovenian Society for Stereology and Quantitative Image Analysis


A Comparison of Several AI Techniques for Authorship Attribution on Romanian Texts

Abstract: Determining the author of a text is a difficult task. Here, we compare multiple Artificial Intelligence techniques for classifying literary texts written by multiple authors by taking into account a limited number of speech parts (prepositions, adverbs, and conjunctions). We also introduce a new dataset composed of texts written in the Romanian language on which we have run the algorithms. The compared methods are artificial neural networks, multi-expression programming, k-nearest neighbour, support vector machines, and decision trees with C5.0. Numerical experiments show, first of all, that the problem is difficult, but some algorithms are able to generate acceptable error rates on the test set.


Robustness of a bisimulation-type faster-than preorder

Abstract: TACS is an extension of CCS where upper time bounds for delays can be specified. Luettgen and Vogler defined three variants of bismulation-type faster-than relations and showed that they all three lead to the same preorder, demonstrating the robustness of their approach. In the present paper, the operational semantics of TACS is extended; it is shown that two of the variants still give the same preorder as before, underlining robustness. An explanation is given why this result fails for the third variant. It is also shown that another variant, which mixes old and new operational semantics, can lead to smaller relations that prove the same preorder.


Existence and multiplicity of homoclinic solutions for p(t)-Laplacian  systems with subquadratic potentials

Abstract:
By using the genus properties, we establish some criteria
 for the second-order p(t)-Laplacian  system
 $$
 \frac{d}{dt}\big(|\dot{u}(t)|^{p(t)-2}\dot{u}(t)\big)-a(t)|u(t)|^{p(t)-2}u(t)
 +\nabla W(t, u(t))=0
 $$
 to have at least one, and infinitely many   homoclinic orbits.
 where $t\in {\mathbb{R}},\; u\in {\mathbb{R}}^{N}$,
 $p(t)\in C(\mathbb{R},\mathbb{R})$ and  $p(t)>1$,
 $a\in C({\mathbb{R}}, {\mathbb{R}})$ and
 $W\in C^{1}({\mathbb{R}}\times {\mathbb{R}}^{N}, {\mathbb{R}})$
 may not be periodic in t.


Graded weakly 1-absorbing prime ideals

Abstract:
In this paper, we introduce and study graded weakly 1-absorbing prime ideals in graded commutative rings. Let $G$ be a group and $R$ be a $G$-graded commutative ring with a nonzero identity $1\neq0$. A proper graded ideal $P$ of $R$ is called a graded weakly 1-absorbing prime ideal if for each nonunits
$x,y,z\in h(R)$ with $0\neq xyz\in P$, then either $xy\in P$ or $z\in P$. We give many properties and characterizations of graded weakly 1-absorbing prime ideals. Moreover, we investigate weakly 1-absorbing prime ideals under homomorphism, in factor ring, in rings of fractions, in idealization.

Ünsal Tekir
Suat Koç
Rashid Abu-Dawwas
Eda Yıldız


Chaotic outbreak in discrete epidemic model with vaccination and quarantine interventions and limited medical resources

Abstract: The spread of infectious diseases can be analyzed dynamically using a discrete dynamic system. The characteristics of the infectious disease phenomenon are interesting to study as parameters considered in a dynamic system. Some of these include vaccination interventions, quarantine, or even an open condition such as limited medical resources. Analysis of a discrete epidemic model system with those three factors can be conducted to understand each of their impacts on the dynamics of disease spread within a population or even to determine the potential for a chaotic outbreak. In this study, an epidemiological model was formulated considering these three factors. Numerical simulations were also conducted to directly observe the influence of these three factors on the dynamics of disease spread. Additionally, efforts to control chaos were also implemented in the system. The limitation of medical resources affects the spread of diseases. Because the coverage of medical resources is limited, it can cause a high surge in cases within the population. This phenomenon of case surges can subsequently be mitigated by vaccination parameters such as vaccine efficacy and the rate of vaccine distribution within the population. Furthermore, the formulated system has the potential to exhibit chaotic behavior when the infection rate increases, in other words, the disease becomes an uncontrollable and unpredictable epidemic. Next, the thing that can be done to suppress this chaotic phenomenon is to directly intervene in the rate of disease spread within the population.

Faizal Rifky Fahreza
Moh Hasan
Kiswara Agung Santoso

Majalah Ilmiah Matematika dan Statistika

Department of Mathematics FMIPA University of Jember


Assembly Function Recognition in Embedded Systems as an Optimization Problem

Abstract: Many different aspects of software system development and verification rely on precise function identification in binary code. Recognition of the source Assembly functions in embedded systems is one of the fundamental challenges in binary program analysis. While numerous approaches assume that the functions are given a priori, correct identification of the functions in binaries remains a great issue. This contribution addresses the problem of uncertainty in binary code in identification of functions, which were optimized during compilation. This paper investigates the difference between debug and optimized functions via modeling of these functions. To do so, we introduce an extensible model-centred hands-on approach for examining similarities between binary functions. The main idea is to model each function using a set of predetermined, experimentally discovered features, and then find a suitable weight vector that could give impact factor to each such a feature. After finding the weight vector, the introduced models of such desired functions can be identified in binary software packages. It means that we reduce the similarity identification problem of the models to a classical version of optimization problems with one optimization criterion. Using our implementation, we found that the proposed approach works smoothly for functions, which contain at least ten Assembly instructions. Our tool guarantees success at a very high level.

Matan Avitan
Elena V. Ravve
Zeev Volkovich


Transit-Based Emergency Evacuation with Transit Signal Priority in Sudden-Onset Disaster

Abstract: This study presents methods of transit signal priority without transit-only lanes for a transit-based emergency evacuation in a sudden-onset disaster. Arterial priority signal coordination is optimized when a traffic signal control system provides priority signals for transit vehicles along an evacuation route. Transit signal priority is determined by “transit vehicle arrival time estimation,” “queuing vehicle dissipation time estimation,” “traffic signal status estimation,” “transit signal optimization,” and “arterial traffic signal coordination for transit vehicle in evacuation route.” It takes advantage of the large capacities of transit vehicles, reduces the evacuation time, and evacuates as many evacuees as possible. The proposed methods were tested on a simulation platform with Paramics V6.0. To evaluate and compare the performance of transit signal priority, three scenarios were simulated in the simulator. The results indicate that the methods of this study can reduce the travel times of transit vehicles along an evacuation route by 13% and 10%, improve the standard deviation of travel time by 16% and 46%, and decrease the average person delay at a signalized intersection by 22% and 17% when the traffic flow saturation along an evacuation route is 0.8<V/C≤1.0 and V/C>1.0, respectively.


DAF-UNet: Deformable U-Net with Atrous-Convolution Feature Pyramid for Retinal Vessel Segmentation

Abstract: Segmentation of retinal vessels from fundus images is critical for diagnosing diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. However, the inherent challenges posed by the complex geometries of vessels and the highly imbalanced distribution of thick versus thin vessel pixels demand innovative solutions for robust feature extraction. In this paper, we introduce DAF-UNet, a novel architecture that integrates advanced modules to address these challenges. Specifically, our method leverages a pre-trained deformable convolution (DC) module within the encoder to dynamically adjust the sampling positions of the convolution kernel, thereby adapting the receptive field to capture irregular vessel morphologies more effectively than traditional convolutional approaches. At the network’s bottleneck, an enhanced atrous spatial pyramid pooling (ASPP) module is employed to extract and fuse rich, multi-scale contextual information, significantly improving the model’s capacity to delineate vessels of varying calibers. Furthermore, we propose a hybrid loss function that combines pixel-level and segment-level losses to robustly address the segmentation inconsistencies caused by the disparity in vessel thickness. Experimental evaluations on the DRIVE and CHASE_DB1 datasets demonstrated that DAF-UNet achieved a global accuracy of 0.9572/0.9632 and a Dice score of 0.8298/0.8227, respectively, outperforming state-of-the-art methods. These results underscore the efficacy of our approach in precisely capturing fine vascular details and complex boundaries, marking a significant advancement in retinal vessel segmentation.

Yongchao Duan
Rui Yang
Ming Zhao
Mingrui Qi
Sheng-Lung Peng


Surcando caminos de interculturalidad sustentados en la Etnomatemática

Abstract: This paper narrates facts and consequences of a course focused on Interculturality and Ethnomathematics developed in a Venezuelan Pedagogical University. The reflection is centered on Ethnomathematics and the development of "curricular ethnomathematics micro-projects". The form of the group work was cooperative, with each team chosing a culture and an important cultural symbol in it, to allow for the reconstruction of this cultural practice in the classroom. This was materialized through a forum and supplemented with visits to schools in indigenous populations, which have been developing the Intercultural Bilingual Education Program (PEIB) of that University. During the course various aspects associated with the idea of mathematics in different cultures were developed, which allowed us to initiate research on Teacher Education and Ethnomathematics, emphasizing the identification, evaluation and description of mathematical practices that take place outside school (mathematics in the design and construction of: blowguns, indigenous baskets, musical instruments, houses). In the medium-term (5 years), the products emerging because of the impulse of the course are: Ethnomathematics training courses, MA and PhD postgraduate work, research projects and numerous publications in conferences and scientific journals.

Oswaldo Jesús Martínez Padrón
María Luisa Oliveras

Revista Latinoamericana de Etnomatemática

Special aspects of education
Science
Mathematics


Sturm-Liouville BVPs with Caratheodory nonlinearities

Abstract:
In this article we study the existence and multiplicity of solutions for
 several classes of Sturm-Liouville boundary value problems having
 Caratheodory nonlinearities. Many results existing in the literature for
 such boundary value problems in the continuous framework will find in this
 work their extensions to the Caratheodory setting.

Abdelhamid Benmezai
Wassila Esserhane
Johnny Henderson


Faktorisasi Polinomial Square-Free dan bukan Square-Free atas Lapangan Hingga Zp

Abstract:
Abstrak: Faktorisasi polinomial merupakan suatu proses penguraian suatu  polinomial berderajat n menjadi polinomial-polinomial lain yang berderajat lebih kecil dari n.  Faktorisasi polinomial atas lapangan hingga  merupakan suatu proses pengerjaan yang relative tidak mudah. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan suatu metode yang berupa algoritma untuk memproses faktorisasi polinomial. Algoritma Faktorisasi Berlekamp merupakan salah satu metode terbaik dalam memfaktorisasi polinomial atas lapangan hingga . Polinomial atas lapangan terbagi dua kategori berdasarkan faktorisasinya, yaitu polinomial square-free dan bukan square-free. Polinomial square-free adalah polinomial dimana setiap faktorisasi tak tereduksi tunggal. Sedangkan bukan square-free adalah sebaliknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat suatu algoritma untuk menfaktorkan polinomial square-free dan bukan square-free atas lapangan hingga. Adapun (Divasὀn, Joosten, Thiemann, & Yamada, 2017) yang menjadi referensi utama dalam penelitian ini adalah berdasarkan. Namun, dibatasi hanya untuk polinomial square-free saja. Untuk itulah dengan menggunakan konsep polinomial faktorisasi ganda. Pada bagian akhir penelitian akan mengimplementasikan algoritma baru yang telah disusun.

Abstract:  Polynomial factorization is a decomposition of a polynomial of degree n into other polynomials whose degree is less than n. Polynomial factorization over finite field   is a relatively easy in process. Therefore, it’s needed a method in the form of an algorithm to process polynomial factorization. Algorithm Factorization Berlekamp is one of the best methods in factoring polynomials over a finite field   . Polynomials over field are divided into two category based on its factorization, namely square-free and not square-free polynomials. Square-free polynomials are polynomials in which each irreducible factorization is single. When non square-free is the opposite. This research aims to set an algorithm for factoring square-free polynomials and non square-free polynomials over a finite field   . The main reference in this research is based on (Divasὀn, Joosten, Thiemann, & Yamada, 2017) (Saropah, 2012). However, it is restricted only  to square-free polynomials. For this reason, this research will use the concept of repeated factorization polynomials. At the end of the research will implement a new algorithm that has been set.

Juli Loisiana Butar-butar
Ferdinand Sinuhaji


The Effects of the Weak Allee Effect and Disease on the Dynamics of a Predator–Prey System: Stability and Bifurcation Properties

Abstract: In this paper, an eco-epidemiological model with a weak Allee effect and prey disease dynamics is discussed. Mathematical features such as non-negativity, boundedness of solutions, and local stability of the feasible equilibria are discussed. Additionally, the transcritical bifurcation, saddle-node bifurcation, and Hopf bifurcation are proven using Sotomayor’s theorem and Poincare–Andronov–Hopf theorems. In addition, the correctness of the theoretical analysis is verified by numerical simulation. The numerical simulation results show that the eco-epidemiological model with a weak Allee effect has complex dynamics. If the prey population is not affected by disease, the predator becomes extinct due to a lack of food. Under low infection rates, all populations are maintained in a coexistent state. The Allee effect does not influence this coexistence. At high infection rates, if the prey population is not affected by the Allee effect, the infected prey is found to coexist in an oscillatory state. The predator population and the susceptible prey population will be extinct. If the prey population is affected by the Allee effect, all species will be extinct.

Yurong Dong
Hua Liu
Jianhua Ye
Gang Ma
Yumei Wei


The local metric dimension of split and unicyclic graphs

Abstract: A set W is called a local resolving set of G if the distance of u and v to some elements of W are distinct for every two adjacent vertices u and v in G.  The local metric dimension of G is the minimum cardinality of a local resolving set of G.  A connected graph G is called a split graph if V(G) can be partitioned into two subsets V1 and V2 where an induced subgraph of G by V1 and V2 is a complete graph and an independent set, respectively.  We also consider a graph, namely the unicyclic graph which is a connected graph containing exactly one cycle.  In this paper, we provide a general sharp bounds of local metric dimension of split graph.  We also determine an exact value of local metric dimension of any unicyclic graphs.

Dinny Fitriani
Anisa Rarasati
Suhadi Wido Saputro
Edy Tri Baskoro

InaCombS; Universitas Jember; dan Universitas Indonesia


Further Results on a Curious Arithmetic Function

Abstract: Let p be an odd prime number and n be a positive integer. Let vpn, N∗, and Q+ denote the p-adic valuation of the integer n, the set of positive integers, and the set of positive rational numbers, respectively. In this paper, we introduce an arithmetic function fp:N∗⟶Q+ defined by fpn≔n/pvpn1−vpn for any positive integer n. We show several interesting arithmetic properties about that function and then use them to establish some curious results involving the p-adic valuation. Some of these results extend Farhi’s results from the case of even prime to that of odd prime.


Fourier Truncation Regularization Method for a Time-Fractional Backward Diffusion Problem with a Nonlinear Source

Abstract: In present paper, we deal with a backward diffusion problem for a time-fractional diffusion problem with a nonlinear source in a strip domain. We all know this nonlinear problem is severely ill-posed, i.e., the solution does not depend continuously on the measurable data. Therefore, we use the Fourier truncation regularization method to solve this problem. Under an a priori hypothesis and an a priori regularization parameter selection rule, we obtain the convergence error estimates between the regular solution and the exact solution at <inline-formula> <math display="inline"> <semantics> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo><</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </semantics> </math> </inline-formula>.

Fan Yang
Ping Fan
Xiao-Xiao Li
Xin-Yi Ma


REVISÃO DA LITERATURA SOBRE A FABRICAÇÃO DE CBUQ (CONCRETO BETUMINOSO USINADO A QUENTE)

Abstract: A indústria da construção civil utiliza asfaltenos oriundos de petróleo na fabricação do CBUQ - Concreto Betuminoso Usinado a Quente desde tempos mais remotos. Hoje, o CBUQ é amplamente utilizado para construção de estradas no país. Para a produção adequada deste produto, faz-se necessário obedecer a aspectos técnicos relacionados aos resultados esperados conforme normas vigentes, a partir de ensaios de resistência à compressão simples e tração diametral. Este artigo revisa a literatura sobre a fabricação de CBUQ que utiliza os mais diversos resíduos, apresentando a aplicação técnica e a viabilidade ambiental e econômica deste material na construção de pistas de rolamentos.

Rafaely Angelica Fonseca Bandeira
Antonio de Souza Araujo
Almir Mariano de Sousa Junior
Francisco Odair Filgueira Junior

Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)


Analytically Computing the Moments of a Conic Combination of Independent Noncentral Chi-Square Random Variables and Its Application for the Extended Cox–Ingersoll–Ross Process with Time-Varying Dimension

Abstract: This paper focuses mainly on the problem of computing the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mi>γ</mi><mi>th</mi></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>γ</mi><mo>></mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, moment of a random variable <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>Y</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo>:</mo><mo>=</mo><msubsup><mo>∑</mo><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mi>n</mi></msubsup><msub><mi>α</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><msub><mi>X</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> in which the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>α</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>’s are positive real numbers and the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>X</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>’s are independent and distributed according to noncentral chi-square distributions. Finding an analytical approach for solving such a problem has remained a challenge due to the lack of understanding of the probability distribution of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>Y</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>, especially when not all <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>α</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>’s are equal. We analytically solve this problem by showing that the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mi>γ</mi><mi>th</mi></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> moment of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>Y</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> can be expressed in terms of generalized hypergeometric functions. Additionally, we extend our result to computing the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mi>γ</mi><mi>th</mi></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> moment of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>Y</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> when <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>X</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> is a combination of statistically independent <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msubsup><mi>Z</mi><mi>i</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>G</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> in which the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>Z</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>’s are distributed according to normal or Maxwell–Boltzmann distributions and the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>G</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>’s are distributed according to gamma, Erlang, or exponential distributions. Our paper has an immediate application in interest rate modeling, where we can explicitly provide the exact transition probability density function of the extended Cox–Ingersoll–Ross (ECIR) process with time-varying dimension as well as the corresponding <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mi>γ</mi><mi>th</mi></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> conditional moment. Finally, we conduct Monte Carlo simulations to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of our explicit formulas through several numerical tests.

Sanae Rujivan
Athinan Sutchada
Kittisak Chumpong
Napat Rujeerapaiboon


القصد الجنائي في جريمة استعمال المحرر المزور في النظام السعودي والفقه الإسلامي دراسة مقارنة Criminal Intent In The Crime Of Using A Forged Document In The Saudi System And Islamic Jurisprudence A Comparative Study

Abstract:
يتناول هذا البحث مفهوم القصد الجنائي في جرائم استعمال المحررات المزورة، والهدف من الدراسة هو تحديد وتوضيح القصد الجنائي وإجراء مقارنة تحليلية بين النظام السعودي والفقه الإسلامي ، كذلك تحليل مفهوم القصد الجنائي وبيان أهميته لكونه أحد أركان الجريمة ، مستكشفًا كيف يتم تفسير وتطبيق هذا المفهوم في النظام السعودي ومقارنته بالفقه الإسلامي، ويهدف البحث إلى توضيح تعاملهما مع القصد الجنائي، مع التركيز على الأسس النظرية والعملية.كما يبين البحث أركان استعمال المحرر المزور وصورة المجرمة في النظام السعودي وتأثير القصد الجنائي في وجود الجريمة واستحقاق العقوبة ، كما نستعرض دراسة بعض الحالات لكيفية تأثير القصد على تكييف الجريمة في القضاء السعودي مقارنة بالفقه الإسلامي ، والدراسة تبرز تأثير المفاهيم الفقهية الإسلامية على الأحكام والعقوبات في النظام السعودي، كون الفقه الإسلامي مصدر أساسي في تشكيل النظام القضائي السعودي، وتتبع الدراسة منهج المقارنة والتحليل ، مستكشفة الأسس النظرية والتطبيقات العملية في دراسة القصد الجنائي في جرائم استعمال المحررات المزورة ، من أهم النتائج التأكيد على تأثير الفقه الإسلامي كمصدر رئيسي في النظام التشريعي السعودي، مما يسهم في تحقيق العدالة وفقًا للمبادئ الشرعية .

Abstract:
 This research deals with the concept of criminal intent in the crimes of using forged documents, and the aim of the study is to identify and clarify criminal intent and make an analytical comparison between the Saudi system and Islamic jurisprudence, as well as analyzing the concept of criminal intent and indicating its importance for being one of the elements of crime, exploring how this concept is interpreted and applied in the Saudi system and compared to Islamic jurisprudence, and the research aims to clarify their dealings with criminal intent, with a focus on theoretical and practical foundations.
The research also shows the pillars of the use of the forged editor and the image of the criminal in the Saudi system and the impact of criminal intent in the presence of crime and the entitlement to punishment, as we review the study of some cases of how the intent affects the adaptation of crime in the Saudi judiciary compared to Islamic jurisprudence, and the study highlights the impact of Islamic jurisprudence concepts on the provisions and penalties in the Saudi system, as Islamic jurisprudence is a key source in the formation of the Saudi judicial system, and the study follows the approach of comparison and analysis, exploring the theoretical foundations and practical applications in the study of intent Criminal in the crimes of using forged documents, one of the most important results is to emphasize the influence of Islamic jurisprudence as a major source in the Saudi legislative system, which contributes to achieving justice in accordance with Sharia principles.

محمد الدوسري

محمد الدوسري

مجلة البحوث الفقهیة والقانونیة

Faculty of Sharia and Law, Al-Azhar University, Damanhour Branch

Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence


Participació directa de la població civil en hostilitats cibernètiques

Abstract:
Aquest article estudia l’aplicació d’un concepte ben conegut en el camp del dret internacional humanitari, la participació directa de la població civil en les hostilitats, a la guerra cibernètica.

D’acord amb el principi de distinció, en períodes de conflicte armat cal distingir entre població civil i combatents. La transició de les hostilitats del món real al ciberespai no afecta la definició de combatents ni tampoc la definició negativa de població civil. Tanmateix, més enllà de l’enfocament clàssic del principi de distinció, el caràcter canviant de la guerra també és aplicable a la guerra cibernètica. De fet, la distinció entre camps de batalla i zones civils és cada cop menys clara i un nombre creixent de no combatents participen directament en les hostilitats de manera diversa. Els mitjans cibernètics i el desenvolupament de la guerra cibernètica ofereixen nombroses noves possibilitats als no combatents que volen participar en les hostilitats. Per a la població civil mai no ha estat tan fàcil participar-hi, però la majoria de civils desconeixen les conseqüències de les seves accions.

No fa gaire, dos grups d’experts han publicat sengles documents, parcialment relacionats amb aquest tema, que arriben a conclusions divergents: d’una banda, Interpretive Guidance on the Notion of Direct Participation in Hostilities under International Humanitarian Law, elaborat pel Comitè Internacional de la Creu Roja (ICRC) el 2009, i, de l’altra, Tallinn Manual on the International Law Applicable to Cyber Warfare, redactat a petició del Centre d’Excel·lència de Cooperació en Ciberdefensa de l’OTAN. Atès que aquests documents difereixen pel que fa a la interpretació del tema, part d’aquest article n’analitzarà les divergències.


Jurisprudència ambiental Andalusia (Primer semestre 2011)

Generalitat de Catalunya; Universitat Rovira i Virgili


Space and National Security: Points of interaction, Opportunities and Issue of Priority

Abstract: The article reveals the importance of space for national security. The points of interaction between space activities and national security are identified, which reflect the growing importance of outer space for ensuring the security of States and emergency management, the growth of international cooperation in the field of space technologies. The newest possibilities of space to ensure national security (warning and military intelligence systems; communication systems and means of coordination; systems of space monitoring of the environment and resource management; systems of border and maritime surveillance; development of other technologies; development of global cooperation) are revealed. The problems of ensuring the priority of national security in the use of space resources have been formed, with the formation of a global strategy that geopolitical stability and prevention of the militarization of space should become key aspects for ensuring the national security of any State.

Volodymyr Neskorozhenyi
Volodymyr Zakharov
Alexander Slyusarenko

International Society of Philosophy and Cosmology (ISPC)


Teorías de los derechos fundamentales

Abstract:
El proceso histórico de América
Latina en los últimos veinte años ha traído
consigo la democratización de la mayoría
de sus países, así como la reforma total o
parcial de sus Constituciones, caracterizada
por la inserción de los derechos fundamentales
del ser humano. No obstante, y a
pesar de todos los esfuerzos realizados, este
proceso ha sido lento y no siempre ha estado
exento de los antiguos vicios de la región
como el caudillismo, el militarismo y la
extrema riqueza y pobreza. Frente a este
problema, la dogmática y la justicia constitucionales
deben revisar sus fuentes
doctrinarias para otorgar a los derechos
fundamentales un papel prioritario en el
fortalecimiento del Estado constitucional
latinoamericano

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)


De la ética del cuidado de sí a la propuesta crítica en foucault

Abstract: Gran parte de la obra de Foucault ha sido dedicada al desplazamiento concreto de la oficialidad, en lo que respecta a las verdades orientadas desde el poder, hacia un discurso alternativo, revelador, muy determinado. Este trabajo se empeña en exponer lo que en Foucault fue el tratamiento de las subjetividades, la ética, y las formas de subjetivación en la edad antigua, concretamente los períodos griego y greco-romano. A partir de dicha exégesis, y considerando los trabajos de Foucault en cursos y conferencias acerca de la crítica, la modernidad y la Ilustración, próximos a su muerte, me atrevo a proponer que hay cierto retorno a los griegos en tanto que una forma de asumir el mundo éticamente es configurando un ethos, que según mi sospecha, y la lectura de dos textos fundamentales, puede ser 111a crítica" o el 11dandismo".

Jurisprudence. Philosophy and theory of law


Approaches to the Protection of Wildlife in the Ramsar, CITES and Bonn Conventions: A Comparative and Analytical Study

Abstract: Wild animals need special attention because of their significance from the environmental,ecological, genetic, scientific, recreational, cultural, educational, social and economic points ofview. There are numerous international instruments and documents in the field of internationalwildlife law (IWL). Among them, there are three well-known instruments namely the Ramsar,Bonn, and CITES Conventions. In the present piece, these Conventions are studied comparativelyin order to find out their approaches toward the protection of wildlife. In doing so, the author,first and foremost, provides a brief overview of these Conventions. Thereafter, their approachestoward wildlife protection would be analyzed. The methodological approach of this researchincludes analysis of wildlife protection through descriptive and normative explanation of theRamsar, Bonn, and CITES Conventions. According to the findings of this study, reasonable andwise use of wetlands (the approach of the Ramsar Convention), special attention to migratorybirds (the approach of the Bonn Convention), and the regulation of international wildlifetrade (the approach of CITES) are three main and prevalent approaches in these instruments.Furthermore, it appears that CITES has played a more important and effective role in IWL andprotection of wildlife. It is due to the fact that this Convention has more operative tools and itsState Parties have undertaken more extensive and practical obligations.

Iranian Journal of International and Comparative Law


Cuatro novelas y un poema para una Filosofía del Derecho

Abstract: La atención a la literatura como instrumento de educación del jurista, como lenguaje que permite transmitir lo que está en el núcleo del derecho es uno de los rasgos característicos de la obra del profesor Javier de Lucas. En este trabajo se identifican cuatro novelas evocadas en sus clases y en sus escritos para iluminar problemas tales como la desobediencia al derecho, la movilidad humana, la ciudadanía y el reconocimiento del otro. A modo de cláusula de cierre la referencia a un poema condensa el compromiso del profesor De Lucas en la lucha contra la exclusión social.

Cuadernos Electrónicos de Filosofía del Derecho


El Derecho a la Salud en las Relaciones de Consumo: Inocuidad Alimentaria y Responsabilidad por Productos Contaminados

Abstract: El presente artículo analiza la demanda promovida por una consumidora contra la empresa fabricante de una bebida gaseosa que, al momento de su adquisición, presentaba cuerpos extraños en su interior, habiéndose alterado su contenido. En razón de ello, reclamó los daños y perjuicios sufridos, aun cuando decidió no consumirla. La Cámara de Apelaciones en lo Civil y Comercial de Quinta Nominación de la ciudad de Córdoba, mediante la aplicación del Estatuto del Consumidor, resolvió responsabilizar a la empresa proveedora. Consideró que el producto fue puesto en el mercado en condiciones que implicaban un riesgo para la salud de los consumidores, contrario al deber de seguridad que pesa sobre el proveedor. Es que, en las relaciones de consumo, la protección del derecho a la salud ocupa un rol central, dado que se trata de un derecho fundamental que no admite estándares mínimos, sino una tutela reforzada.


The origin and development of the Social Security: a materialist approach

Abstract:
This article analyses the origin and development of Social Security from a materialist perspective, contrary to idealism. Idealism supports that the mental representation, of any kind, is what makes true reality. On the other hand, materialism is based on the ideological opposite methodological assumption based on the principles that material reality configures the ideas. The first conclusion to be made is that Social Security was born because of salary independency which led to the Industrial Revolution, which made it neccesary to establish a substitute system of the salarial incomes in case of the losses of them. The second conclusion can be resumed in the fact that the problem of the salarial independency and the solution of it, nowdays remain, which means that Social Security is even more necessary and viable than ever.
Published online: 02 December 2014

Comparative law. International uniform law


Strategies and Dynamics of Online Fraud in Indonesia: Tracing the Effectiveness of the Implementation of the Electronic and Transaction Information Act

Abstract: This study explores the implementation of the Electronic Information and Transaction Law (UU ITE) in handling online fraud cases in Indonesia, using normative-empirical legal methods. Although the UU ITE provides a comprehensive legal framework, its effectiveness is hampered by challenges in proving and tracing perpetrators, limited resources and technology in law enforcement agencies, and the complexity of cross-border cases. The data shows a significant increase in online fraud cases from 115,756 reports in 2021 to 130,000 victims in 2022. This research highlights the importance of a holistic approach that includes improving regulations, increasing the capacity of law enforcement, strengthening international cooperation, and increasing people's digital literacy. In addition, the development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology and a multi-stakeholder approach were identified as important strategies in the prevention and early detection of online fraud. Recommendations, including the revision of the UU ITE to accommodate technological developments and harmonization with the Criminal Code, are expected to improve the success of handling online fraud cases and create a safer digital environment in Indonesia.

Faculty of Law, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sorong


THE LEADERS OF THE ECONOMIC POLITICS IN A STATE

Abstract:
Every economy is trying to be stabile and to be in progress. To try to reach this she needs to be based on Quantitative-qualitative coordinated process of reproduction. The economy is based on processes of production, trade, distribution and consumption, and all of this is to satisfy wide specter of social and economical needs. If there is a will to provide stabile function of wide reproduction, this processes must be organized, regulated, guided and controlled by state on macroeconomical level. The state does this by network of political factors.

Economy of every countries, as well as those undeveloped and those most developed, in this process are having some problems in their functioning, which we can call universal. This requires a necessity of state intervention. These problems are here because there is a lack in factors of production or irregular deployment, weighted process of reproduction, specially because of wider ecological crisis. The common property is that this problems are occurring if phases of production, as the base phase of reproduction, and this is necessary spreading on every phases of production.

The economy is a key social activity that is in unbounded connection with the state. Without legal regulation of economical relations, judicial protection, and as well as economical politics as systems of masers that have impact on economical relations and processes for the purpose of optimization, the economy of one country could not be functional or it would be turned in to the monster mechanism, which members would be fighting for their lives, without choosing the means or methods, and this would on the end bring them to collapse. Excessive government intervention would lead to the abolition of the basic economic laws, because the economy as a condition for their survival requires autonomy, while the total neutrality of state by the economy, is creating a system full of anomalies.

University Business Academy in Novi Sad Faculty of Law for Commerce and Judiciary

Criminal law and procedure
Civil law
Commercial law


La impugnación como sistema de interpretación de la conducta (ensayo)


الإبانة عن عقود الاستصناع والتوريد والمقاولة والصيانة.  Contracting to manufacture something, supply it, hire a contractor or provide maintenance

Abstract:
يطرق هذا البحث عقود (الاستصناع والتوريد والمقاولة والصيانة)؛ فيشرع ابتداءً في بيان المراد بالعقد عند أهل اللغة، ثم المراد بالعقد عند أهل الاصطلاح وذلك من خلال تعريف العقد بالمعنى العام والمعنى الخاص، وبعد هذا التمهيد يلقي البحث بظلاله على عقد الاستصناع فيتناول تعريفه لغة واصطلاحاً، ثم يتناول مقوماته، والمقارنة بينه وبين عقدي السلم والإجارة، ثم بيان حكمه الفقهي، وشروطه، وآثاره المترتبة عليه، وحكم الشرط الجزائي فيه، ومجالات تطبيق المصارف الإسلامية لعقد الاستصناع، وحكم تعامل المصارف الإسلامية بعقد الاستصناع، ثم يدلف البحث بعد ذلك إلى عقد التوريد فيبين المراد منه من خلال تعريفه لغة واصطلاحاً، ثم يبين أركانه، وشروطه، وصوره، وحكمه الفقهي، وحكم الشرط الجزائي فيه، بعد ذلك يتناول البحث عقد الصيانة فيبين تعريفه لغة واصطلاحاً، ثم يبين أركانه، واتجاهات الفقهاء المعاصرين في تكييفه الفقهي، وحكمه، وحكم الشرط الجزائي فيه، ثم يأتي البحث أخيراً على عقد الصيانة، فيجلي المراد منه عند أهل اللغة وأهل الاصطلاح، ثم يبين أركانه، وأقسامه، وتكييفه الفقهي وحكمه.
The present research begins with defining the contract linguistically and terminologically. The research sheds light on the Istiṣnāˁ contract (contract to manufacture something), dealing with its definition linguistically and terminologically, its constituents in addition to comparing it to the contracts of sale by installments and rental agreements. The jurisprudential rule concerning this type of contract, its conditions, its implications, the rule of the penalty clause in it, and the fields in which Islamic banks can apply it are explained. Then, the research defines the supply contract linguistically and terminologically, and it shows its essential constituents, conditions, forms, jurisprudential ruling, and the penalty clause in it. After that, the research introduces the linguistic and terminological definitions of the subcontract. It shows its essential constituents, trends of contemporary jurists in its jurisprudential adaptation, its ruling, and the penalty clause in it. Finally, the research tackles the maintenance contract. It explains its linguistic and terminological definitions, shows its essential constituents and indicates its types in addition to its jurisprudential adaptation and ruling.

عبدالإله العجيري

عبدالإله العجيري

مجلة کلیة الشریعة والقانون بأسیوط

Al Azhar University, Faculty of Islamic Law, Assiut Branch


DIREITO CIVIL E DIREITO DO TRABALHO: CAMINHOS QUE SE CRUZAM - DOI: 10.12818/P.0304-2340.2014v65p745

Abstract:
RESUMO:

 Embora sirvam ambos ao sistema capitalista, Direito Civil e Direito do Trabalho têm origem e destino diferentes. O primeiro nasceu, basicamente, de cima para baixo, da elite para o povo. O segundo, ao contrário, foi produto da luta operária contra a exploração da fábrica. Hoje, no entanto, cada qual contém elementos do outro.  No caso do Direito do Trabalho, sua parte “civil” avança, enquanto sua parte “trabalhista” sofre fortes tensões.

 PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Direito Civil. Direito do Trabalho. Flexibilização

ABSTRACT:

While serving both the capitalist system, Civil Law and Labor Law have different origin and destination. The first was born, basically, from the top to the bottom, from the elite to the people. The second, in contrast, was the product of workers' struggle against exploitation. Today, however, each of which contains elements of the other. In the case of Labor Law, its "civil" part progresses, while its "labor" part suffers tensions.

KEYWORDS: Civil Law. Labor Law. Flexibilization.

Revista da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Direito