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README.md
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- human-difficulty
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- orthographic-constraints
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- llm-evaluation
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- cognitive-benchmark
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size_categories:
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- n<1K
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task_categories:
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- text-generation
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pretty_name: NYT Spelling Bee Human Difficulty
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dataset_info:
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features:
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- name: date
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dtype: string
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- name: center_letter
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dtype: string
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- name: outer_letters
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list: string
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- name: answer_words
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list: string
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- name: answer_user_counts
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list: int32
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splits:
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- name: train
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num_bytes: 40186
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num_examples: 58
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download_size: 42419
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dataset_size: 40186
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configs:
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- config_name: default
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data_files:
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- split: train
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path: data/train-*
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---
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# NYT Spelling Bee — Human Difficulty Dataset
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Human solve-frequency data for 58 New York Times Spelling Bee puzzles (June–July 2025), sampled from 10,000 users per puzzle. Serves as ground truth for evaluating LLM orthographic constraint satisfaction.
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##
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The `answer_user_counts` field records how many of 10,000 sampled users found each answer word, providing a continuous human difficulty signal per word.
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## Schema
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| Column | Type | Description |
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|--------|------|-------------|
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| `date` | string | Puzzle date (YYYY-MM-DD) |
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| `puzzle_id` | int | NYT puzzle ID |
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| `center_letter` | string | Required center letter |
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| `outer_letters` | list[str] | 6 outer letters |
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| `num_answers` | int | Number of valid answer words |
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| `answer_words` | list[str] | All valid answer words |
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| `answer_user_counts` | list[int] | Users (of 10,000) who found each word |
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| `sample_size` | int | Sample size (10,000) |
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| `total_players` | int | Total players that day |
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## Usage
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# Human solve rate per word
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for word, count in zip(puzzle["answer_words"], puzzle["answer_user_counts"]):
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print(f"{word}: {count /
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```
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## Key Statistics
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- **58 puzzles** (2025-06-02 to 2025-07-29)
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- **20–70+ answer words per puzzle**
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- **10,000 sampled users** per puzzle
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- **50,000–100,000+ total players** per puzzle
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## Associated Paper
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> Bryan Tuck and Rakesh Verma. "Evaluating LLM Orthographic Constraint Satisfaction with the NYT Spelling Bee." In *Proceedings of LREC-COLING 2026*.
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## License
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## Citation
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```bibtex
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}
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```
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- human-difficulty
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- orthographic-constraints
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- llm-evaluation
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size_categories:
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- n<1K
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task_categories:
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- text-generation
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pretty_name: NYT Spelling Bee Human Difficulty
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---
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# NYT Spelling Bee — Human Difficulty Dataset
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Human solve-frequency data for 58 New York Times Spelling Bee puzzles (June–July 2025), sampled from 10,000 users per puzzle. Serves as ground truth for evaluating LLM orthographic constraint satisfaction.
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## Task
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The Spelling Bee requires generating valid English words using only 7 given letters. One designated center letter must appear in every word.
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## Schema
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| Column | Type | Description |
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|--------|------|-------------|
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| `date` | string | Puzzle date (YYYY-MM-DD) |
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| `center_letter` | string | Required center letter |
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| `outer_letters` | list[str] | 6 outer letters |
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| `answer_words` | list[str] | All valid answer words |
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| `answer_user_counts` | list[int] | Users (of 10,000) who found each word |
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## Usage
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# Human solve rate per word
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for word, count in zip(puzzle["answer_words"], puzzle["answer_user_counts"]):
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print(f"{word}: {count / 10_000:.1%}")
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```
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## Associated Paper
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> Bryan E. Tuck and Rakesh M. Verma. "Orthographic Constraint Satisfaction and Human Difficulty Alignment in Large Language Models." arXiv:2511.21086, 2025.
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## License
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## Citation
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```bibtex
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@misc{tuck2025orthographicconstraintsatisfactionhuman,
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title={Orthographic Constraint Satisfaction and Human Difficulty Alignment in Large Language Models},
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author={Bryan E. Tuck and Rakesh M. Verma},
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year={2025},
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eprint={2511.21086},
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archivePrefix={arXiv},
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primaryClass={cs.CL},
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url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.21086},
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}
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```
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