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Generative AI is Transformative for Marketers
"The development of A.I. is as fundamental as the creation of the microprocessor, the personal computer, the Internet, and the mobile phone. It will change the way people work, learn, travel, get health care, and communicate with each other. Entire industries will reorient around it. Businesses will distinguish themselves by how well they use it."
As the world continues to embrace digitalization, businesses are increasingly turning to advanced technologies to enhance productivity and improve the customer experience. One such breakthrough in the digital marketing industry is generative AI.
Generative AI is an automated technology that enables computers to create or generate new data. By utilizing deep learning neural networks, computers can create anything from simple images to complex 3D models. This process does not require any human intervention, as the computer learns and assimilates new information to generate unique data.
AI for Writing
In the digital marketing industry, generative AI has revolutionized many tasks that were once performed by humans. One significant application is the creation of text content in a fraction of the time it would take a human writer. The generated content not only ensures grammatical accuracy but can also be tailored to evoke specific tones and emotions.
AI is a Tool — Use It.
It is important to consider that AI is not intended to replace human efforts, but rather to complement them. At Pixaura, for example, we view generative AI as a valuable tool that enhances our capabilities and allows us to work more efficiently. By automating routine marketing tasks, AI enables our marketers to focus on crafting effective strategies to facilitate client growth.
As generative AI continues to evolve, it is sure to reshape the digital marketing industry. By streamlining processes and enhancing productivity, this technology is poised to be a game-changer in the field.
The advancements in generative AI have made it an asset to digital marketing agencies. At Pixaura, we don't use it to replace what we do… We use it to add to our toolbelt, increase our capabilities, and work faster and smarter.
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eng
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48f958a2-4b79-4c80-96d3-e8e4c3b61d1a
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https://www.pixaura.com/generative-ai-for-marketers/
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longevity method each
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eng
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19a5d9b1-5522-4718-8fe5-e2681bf725fe
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https://hacktechnology.xyz/buy-cbd-oil-tincture-in-kansas/
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The history of the Radegast Station reaches as far back as the interwar period. That's when a passing loop was constructed, which during the World War II was transformed into a station used to deliver food and industrial materials to the ghetto. The station's building standing to this day was built in 1941. In the same year the station became the final point of trains transporting Jews from western European countries and provincial ghettos from Wartheland. Shortly after, the occupants organized Umschlagplatz – a place of gathering for Jews before they were taken to extermination camps. It is estimated that approximately 145 thousand people, mainly Jewish, have passed through the Radegast Station.
Currently the Station is under the care of the Museum of Independence Traditions. The restored station's building, together with the Tunnel of Memory and a monument commemorating the Jewish people who were taken away through the station, was opened during the celebration of the 60th anniversary of the liquidation of the Litzmannstadt Ghetto
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eng
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381a0caa-d19e-470d-95b2-d8cd28f7ace5
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https://lodz.travel/en/tourism/what-to-see/litzmannstadt-ghetto/radegast-station/
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What is a five letter V word?
Are there any 3 letter words with V?
Is there a word with 2 V?
Derived expressions are "divvies", "divvying", and "divvied". luvvy or luvvie /ˈlʌvi/ (love-ee) is, in British English, an actor or actress who is particularly effusive or affected. Informally, it may be an affectionate term for a person.
What is a 4 letter word that starts with V?
4-letter words starting with V
vaal
VABs
vail
vain
vair
vale
vali
Vals
vamp
vane
How do you spell the word V?
V, or v, is the twenty-second and fifth-to-last letter in the modern English alphabet and the ISO basic Latin alphabet. Its name in English is vee (pronounced /ˈviː/), plural vees. …
V
Other letters commonly used with
v(x)
What letter can go after V?
English Alphabet
#
Capital Letter
Name
22
V
vee
23
W
double-u
24
X
ex
25
Y
wy
What's a five letter word that starts with AV?
5-letter words starting with AV
avail
avale
avine
avion
avise
aviso
avize
AVLBs
avoid
avoke
Which 5 letter word has no vowels?
In fact, there are only five words on this list without a Y. Crwth and cwtch are Welsh words that English has adopted. Grrrl and grrls are slang words, and phpht is a commonly accepted onomatopoeic word.
What letters are most common in 5 letter words?
This means the top most commonly used letters in 5-letter words (in terms of total frequency as well as average frequency) were the letters A, E, S, O, R, I, L, T, etc.
What's a nice word for Y?
List of Positive Words That Start With Y
Yahoo
Yahweh
Yare
Yom Kippur
Young
Young at heart
Yield
Yours
Youth
Youthful
Youthfully
Yummiest
Yummy
Yummy-mummy
Yuppie
•
26 sept 2019
What is a good first word for Wordle?
The ideal starting word in Wordle has been revealed, NME reported Saturday. Wordle is a daily online word game in which players have six tries to guess a five-letter word. The answer is the same for all players. And now, without further ado (not "adieu") the perfect starting word is — "crane."
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eng
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8652cf16-8e43-4287-a780-72d131230a43
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https://virtualpsychcentre.com/words-that-have-v/
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Featured
The Israel Defense Forces
2 December 2016
The Israel Defense Forces, often abbreviated as IDF, is the official name of the Israeli army. Its job is to protect the citizens of Israel and to fight against all forms of terrorism that endanger their lives. Partly thanks to the IDF, Israel holds the number 8 spot on the list of the most powerful countries in the world.
Establishment of the Israel Defense Forces
View of an Israeli soldiers fraternity ceremony on the Western Wall plaza in the old city of Jerusalem in the evening.
On 26 May 1948, Israel founded the Israel Defense Forces. This happened more than a week after the declaration of the Jewish state of Israel. The IDF is a successor to the Haganah. The Haganah was a Zionist paramilitary organization that protected the Jewish community during British Mandatory Palestine.
Conscription
In Israel, every young person from the age of 18 has to fulfill active military duty. A minimum of three years applies for men and two years for women. During this period of service, they follow training courses that prepare them for complex situations. Young people in an officer program are obliged to follow an extra year of service. When the active service years have been completed, the reserve service follows. Both men and women are called up for active duty several weeks a year. Women only have to return for a few years, but men have standby duty until they are forty years old.
Today, the IDF also has a special program for people suffering from Asperger's Syndrome. This program taps into the autistic soldier's unique spatial intelligence and visual perception.
Tags
Who are we
Our mission is to bring Biblical understanding in the Church concerning God's purposes for Israel and to promote comfort of Israel through prayer and action.
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eng
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554c4427-ba8f-4c9c-9ef5-1086a1353f11
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https://www.c4israel.org/no-category/israel-defense-forces/
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Package: dh-runit
Version: 2.8.3
Severity: minor
Justification: documentation
Reading the dh_runit(1) manpage, I ran into a few small nits that
made it harder to read. Mostly:
- some missing or extra articles ("a" or "the")
- F<> markup showing up in list items
- some word usage nits (e.g. "different" meaning "various" and so on)
A patch follows with some suggested edits. I'm happy to explain any
details that seem unclear and I won't be hurt if you clear up the text
in a different way. I'm cc-ing debian-l10n-english since they tend to
be very good at this kind of editing for readability.
debian-l10n-english: you can find the source file in dh_runit in
and you can preview
the output by running "perldoc ./dh_runit".
Thoughts of all kinds welcome, as always.
diff --git a/debian/changelog b/debian/changelog
index 5facc36..431b3e7 100644
--- a/debian/changelog
+++ b/debian/changelog
@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+dh-runit (2.8.4) UNRELEASED; urgency=medium
+
+ * Copy-edit dh_runit(1) documentation.
+
+ -- Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com> Wed, 30 Jan 2019 15:44:58 -0800
+
dh-runit (2.8.3) unstable; urgency=medium
* Document runit:Breaks substitution variable
diff --git a/dh_runit b/dh_runit
index 447ae70..7baad5f 100755
--- a/dh_runit
+++ b/dh_runit
@@ -122,77 +122,80 @@ B<dh_runit> [S<I<debhelper options>>] [I<path> I<options>] ...
=head1 DESCRIPTION
B<dh_runit> is a debhelper program that is responsible for
-installing and enabling I<runit> runscripts. If file named
-F<debian/I<package>.runit> exists, then different actions
-are performed, depending on its format.
+installing and enabling I<runit> runscripts. If a file named
+F<debian/I<package>.runit> exists, then it ensures appropriate actions
+are performed based on its content.
-For runit, every unit of supervision, simply speaking program, is
-represented by directory under F</etc/sv>, containing at least F<run>
-executable file. Every enabled program is represented by symbolic link
-under F</etc/services> (which itself is symbolic link to
+For runit, each unit of supervision (or, simply speaking, program) is
+represented by a directory under F</etc/sv>, containing at least a F<run>
+executable file. Each enabled unit of supervision is represented by a
+symbolic link under F</etc/services> (which itself is a symbolic link to
F</etc/runit/runsvdir/default>) pointing to some directory under
F</etc/sv>.
-B<dh_runit> reads it's arguments from command line and
-F<debian/I<package>.runit> by two, with first one being an
-file/directory and second one is options. If first argument is file,
-it is considered 'run' script, and it is installed under
-F</etc/sv/*/run>, executable bit is added. If first argument is
-directory, it is copied as whole under F</etc/sv>.
+B<dh_runit> reads arguments from the command line and
+F<debian/I<package>.runit> in pairs, with the first item being the
+path to a file or directory and the second being a set of options.
+If the first argument names a file, it is treated as a 'run' script
+to be installed at F</etc/sv/*/run> as an executable file. If the first
+argument names a directory, that directory is copied as a whole to
+F</etc/sv>.
-Options are comma-separated, like to mount. Unsupported option
-is error, following are supported:
+Options are comma separated, like mount options. Unrecognized options
+are errors. The following options are recognized:
=over
=item I<disable>
- With this option, runscript is installed, but not enabled by
- default. It means that corresponding service will not be started.
- System administrator can always do it manually or via
- update-service(8).
+Install the runscript but do not enable it by default.
+This means that the corresponding service will not be started.
+The service can be enabled manually by the system administrator or
+automatically using update-service(8).
=item I<name>=preferred-name
- By default, name of directory under F</etc/sv> for given runscript
- is basename of first argument of pair. This option allows you to
- be explicit about it.
+By default, the name of the directory under F</etc/sv> for a given
+runscript is the basename of the path argument naming it. This
+option allows overriding that default with an explicitly chosen
+directory name.
=item I<logscript>
- Install standard F<log/run> script, which invokes svlogd(8) with
- rights of dedicated user. It is error, if first argument in pair
- is directory, which already contains F</log/run> script.
+Install a standard F<log/run> script that invokes svlogd(8) with
+the rights of the dedicated user. Specifying this option produces
+an error if the path argument names a directory that already
+contains a F</log/run> script.
=item I<defaults>
- If you need no other options, put this one.
+If you don't need other options, specify this one.
=back
=head1 SUBSTITUTION VARIABLES
-Package, created with help of B<dh_runit> does not depends on B<runit>,
-but should add I<runit:Breaks> variable into I<Breaks> field in I<debian/control>
-to ensure, that no breakages are caused by too old version of B<runit> package.
+Packages using B<dh_runit> do not depend on B<runit> but should include the
+I<runit:Breaks> variable in their I<Breaks> field in I<debian/control>
+to ensure that no breakages are caused by a too-old version of B<runit> package.
=head1 EXAMPLES
-This section contains several example snippets from F<I<package>.runit>
+This section contains several example F<I<package>.runit> snippets.
- # In this case file is installed as 'run' script. Directory name under
- # /etc/sv is derived from file basename
+ # In this case, a file is installed as a 'run' script. The directory
+ # name under /etc/sv is derived from the file's basename (/etc/sv/script).
path/to/file/to/be/installed/as/run/script defaults
- # Same, but install directory as whole. It is your responsibility
- # to ensure is contains everything required.
+ # Similar, but installs a directory as a whole. It is the package's
+ # responsibility to ensure this directory contains everything required.
path/to/directory defaults
- # Same as above, but do not create symlink under /etc/service
+ # Similar, but without creating a symlink under /etc/service.
path/to/directory disable
- # You can explicitly specify name of directory under /etc/sv.
- # Standard log/run script will be created.
+ # Explicitly specifying a name to use for the directory under /etc/sv.
+ # A standard log/run script will be created.
path/to/directory name=my-preferred-name,logscript
=cut
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eng
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669d394e-834c-45e0-a71e-27196f01d0e1
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https://lists.debian.org/debian-l10n-english/2019/01/msg00007.html
|
If you need to launch an appeal of a criminal court decision or are responding to an appeal launched by the crown, call our experienced appeal lawyers to discuss your strategy.
If you have been found guilty of a criminal offence, Bytensky Shikhman can help you appeal that decision and get your conviction overturned. Bytensky Shikhman Criminal Lawyers have experience with applications for bail pending appeals, summary conviction appeals to the Superior Court of Justice, indictable appeals to the Ontario Court of Appeal, and appeals to the Supreme Court of Canada. BSB criminal lawyers are often sought out by other counsel who feel that their clients have been unjustly convicted at the trial level. Our lawyers can also assist you in appeals to reduce your sentence.
Whatever your appellate needs, Bytensky Shikhman can assist you in getting a second chance before the justice system. The law places strict time limits on the filing of most types of appeals (often 30 days or less), so you are urged to arrange an appointment with us as soon as possible after a conviction.
Our appeals lawyers make every effort to answer your questions promptly and personally; you will not be shuffled around through layers of staff. When our lawyers are in court, our office staff will respond to your concerns immediately and professionally. Bytensky Shikhman welcomes the opportunity to be your Toronto criminal lawyer. Don't waste time; call now to consult with us.
FAQ
What is an appeal?
During your trial, it's possible to get an outcome that you were not expecting or hoping for, including a conviction or jail sentence. When this happens, you can request a higher court to review the criminal court's decision by launching an appeal. A criminal defendant can appeal a conviction or a sentence through the Ontario Court of Appeal (indictable appeals) or the Supreme Court of Justice (summary conviction appeals). Note that the prosecution can also launch an appeal.
An appeal is not a new trial, and, with certain exceptions, no "new" evidence is introduced. The appellate court reviews your trial's transcripts and the ruling made to determine if the presiding judge made any mistake. In order to increase your chances of a successful appeal, it's requisite to retain an experienced litigator. They'll help you identify any factual or legal errors made during your trial, building a solid foundation for your appeal.
Can I appeal my criminal conviction?
In Canada, it's possible to appeal your criminal conviction, sentence, or both. Although this is a right afforded to every individual in Canada, in some cases, you have to obtain a court's permission, otherwise known as leave to appeal, to launch your appeal.
The criminal appeal process is quite complex and requires the expertise of an experienced criminal defence lawyer to navigate. Contact Bytensky Shikhman to assess the merit of your case and provide rigorous representation.
What happens at a criminal appeal?
During a criminal appeal, the judges go through the transcripts and evidence from your first trial to find evidence that the decision rendered by the trial judge was unfair or unreasonable. For example, you may argue that the judge misapplied the law or that the sentence imposed is unrealistically harsh compared to the crime. The appointed judges go through the details of your previous case to determine if your appeal is valid and make a decision based on their findings.
Since it's not a new trial, the appeal court doesn't accept new evidence, except in infrequent circumstances. If the court accepts new evidence and finds it credible and relevant to your case, they may order a new trial.
To kick start your appeal and to learn more about the process, feel free to call our appellate lawyers in Toronto.
Can I get bail during my appeal?
As you await your appeal hearing, it's possible to be granted bail. This is called bail pending appeal, and it requires you to file a separate motion with the court hearing your appeal. The court considers the following before granting your bail request:
There's a fair chance that your appeal will be successful. If your appeal is frivolous or there's no reasonable possibility of success, the court will deny your bail.
Granting you bail will not defy public interest. This is one of the most important elements considered by the court. If you were convicted of a serious crime, or you're a repeat offender, the court will not release you on bail pending your appeal.
You will avail yourself in court during your appeal hearing. If the court believes that you're a flight risk, you might not get released on bail.
A bail pending appeal hearing is quite complex and very vital to your appeal hearing. This is why it's essential to consult an experienced appellate lawyer in Toronto to help you file your motion early and correctly.
Contact Bytensky Shikhman for a free evaluation of your case.
What is the difference between a conviction appeal and a sentence appeal?
A conviction appeal is made to challenge whether the accused should have been found guilty or not guilty of an alleged offence. One example that can be a basis of a conviction appeal is when the evidence provided by the prosecution is incapable of proving and supporting a criminal offence.
On the other hand, a sentence conviction challenges the form and length of punishment imposed upon conviction for a crime. In such an appeal, one may argue that based on the evidence provided for an alleged offence, the sentence imposed is unreasonable and overly harsh.
If you're looking to appeal the case, you can challenge either conviction or sentence or both at once. Both appeals are complex as one has to dig through the trial transcripts to find any factual or legal errors made by the judge, which form the basis of your appeal. It's crucial to seek the guidance of an experienced lawyer to help you start your appeal.
Feel free to call us at 647-492-8505, and we'll help you with every step of your conviction or sentence appeal.
What is a summary conviction appeal?
In hybrid offences, the prosecution may choose to proceed by summary conviction, or the Criminal Code may require such an offence to be prosecuted summarily. Summary convictions are reserved for less serious crimes that carry minimal jail terms, among other penalties.
A summary conviction appeal is a challenge against a verdict or sentence resulting from a summary conviction. One judge hears these appeals at the Superior Court of Justice within the same jurisdiction where your trial took place. If you want to appeal a Superior Court decision on your summary conviction appeal, which rarely happens, you can do so at the Ontario Court of Appeal, with leave of the court.
What Is an indictable appeal?
Indictable offences are serious crimes that carry severe penalties upon the finding of guilt. All appeals for indictable offences are held at the Ontario Court of Appeal before a panel of 3 or 5 judges. As stipulated by section 686 of the Criminal Code, the Ontario Court of Appeal only accepts conviction appeals if the verdict imposed is unreasonable, a legal error was made, or justice was administered unfairly.
Are there any time limits to make an appeal?
Appeals should be filed within 30 days from the day of sentencing. Therefore, it's advisable to file your notice of appeal immediately after your conviction, even if you're yet to retain an attorney. In some cases, however, it's possible to launch an appeal after the 30-day window. For example, if you're in custody, the court can accept your notice of appeal up to 6 months after sentencing, provided you explain the delay.
Can other court orders, like driving prohibitions, be suspended during my appeal?
After a conviction, the sentencing judges usually impose ancillary court orders, such as driving prohibitions for impaired driving cases and registration as a sex offender for sexual assault offences. When you appeal your conviction, your appellate lawyer can help you get these orders lifted until your appeal hearing. This is usually done through a separate motion.
What are the possible outcomes of an appeal?
There are several possible outcomes of an appeal:
Acquittal
If the appeal court finds that the verdict issued was unreasonable, they will enter an acquittal. This means that the court will overturn your conviction and issue a not-guilty ruling. This is the best possible outcome in an appeal.
New trial
If the court of appeal is convinced that the judge made a legal error during your trial or found other issues that suggest the trial was not conducted properly, they'll order a new one. When this happens, your conviction will be lifted, but you'll still be facing criminal charges until your case is retried and a verdict is reached.
Appeal dismissed
If the reviewing court determines that the trial was fair and the verdict reached by the trial judge was reasonable based on the evidence and arguments presented, your appeal will be dismissed. This means that the trial judge's verdict and sentence will stand.
Varying sentence
If you filed an appeal for your sentence, the court might impose a new sentence that is more or less severe. Also, certain ancillary court orders that the trial judge issued with the penalty may be removed or reduced. In other words, any punishments imposed during your sentencing, including jail time, could be removed, reduced, or increased.
An acquittal is substituted for a finding of guilt.
If the prosecution files for an appeal after the trial court acquits you, the appeal court may review the evidence presented and determine that the judge made a mistake. In such a scenario, the appeal court will vacate your acquittal, submitting a verdict of guilt. This is one of the rarest outcomes, but you are guaranteed a right to appeal to the Supreme Court if it occurs been
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eng
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b57b7b63-cf65-4e40-8f65-66d8189993f1
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https://crimlawcanada.com/practice-areas/criminal-appeal-defence-lawyer/
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Manage Student Anxiety with CBT & Mindfulness
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is the understanding that our thoughts impact our behaviors and emotions. As school psychologist Katelyn Oellerich states in her book Using CBT and Mindfulness to Manage Student Anxiety, CBT also considers the environment.
How can mindfulness support CBT? "Mindfulness practice brings the mind back to the moment whenever it begins to wander. Thoughts are acknowledged but allowed to float past." (page 21)
Using both CBT and Mindfulness, Oellerich has created a 9-week program for children and adolescents providing an overview of both practices. Her lessons encompass nine sessions – each building on what's gone before. These lessons help students to become aware of their emotions and regulate them in several ways.
Feelings of worry and anxiety are carefully examined through both explanation of causes and case studies. "The Presentation of Worry and Anxiety in Children and Adolescents" in chapter one discusses what worry is and the difference between worry and anxiety.
Worry is defined as "The mind is focused on something and continues to perseverate on that thought and get caught in the negative." Anxiety is different as "People with anxiety tend to avoid situations where they may feel anxious; they experience intense fear, and they worry much more than is expected about typical stressors (Cleveland Clinic, 2017)." (page 2).
Oellerich then discusses physical, cognitive, and behavioral symptoms, showing the relationship between each state.
CBT and Mindfulness
Oellerich first focuses on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, considering these main components in treatment:
• Supporting an awareness of what is occurring across emotions, thoughts, and behaviors. • Recognizing and then reframing maladaptive thoughts to be more realistic and positive in nature. • Assessing the situation for what is within our control (our actions) and what is outside of our control (the actions of others). • Teaching and reinforcing the use of coping strategies that work to calm the mind and body.
Incorporating mindfulness to support CBT can be done in many ways. "People tend to work to cultivate mindfulness through a focus on breath work, movement, creativity, or visualization." (page 22) Oellerich describes each focus and how it is utilized through practice.
"Pairing Mindfulness with CBT offers an opportunity to pay attention in the moment while considering what is most needed in order to support more positive thoughts, feelings, and behavior," she writes on page 23.
The similarities and differences of mindfulness and CBT involve awareness of thoughts and their impact on the emotional and physical states. CBT is used to reframe thoughts, whereas mindfulness helps us be aware and accepting of thoughts and emotions. Both have been found to be useful in treating students with anxiety.
Targeting emotions
Chapter six (week two of the program) delves into the role of emotions – targeting, identifying and describing them. The chapter defines emotions such as sad, excited, worried, happy, and frustrated and offers strategies to help students feel calm. Moving from emotions to the relationship between thoughts and body (chapter seven, week three) helps students target physical cues related to anxiety, explore their thoughts when recognizing they are feeling anxious, and understanding the coping strategies they utilize. (page 47)
"Changing Thoughts and Working through Problems" in chapter 8, week 4, focuses on helping students analyze their thoughts relating to emotions, gain strategies to reframe negative thoughts, identify possible solutions to problems, and select the best option for themselves. (page 55)
This moves into "In and Out of Control/Coping Strategies" (chapter 9, week 5), helping students understand a problem, consider what power they have to change, and realize what is outside of their control. "Students also will be able to identify at least three stress reduction practices that they can utilize when feeling anxious." (page 65)
Relationships
Week six, chapter 10, helps students to identify how people in their lives impact them, both negatively and positively. This lesson also helps students to identify changes they may need to make in relationships in order to create a positive well-being for themselves. (page 71). "Coping Strategies" are outlined in chapter 11 that help students to "explore different forms of stress reduction, including mindfulness, movement, creativity, and gratitude…(and) identify which forms of stress reduction are most beneficial." (page 79).
Resources
Throughout this book/program, Oellerich provides case studies and clinical research. She includes continuing support strategies in the later chapters, offering emotional check-ins, daily mindfulness, and accommodations just to name a few. In chapter 15 there's also support for the home including gratitude reflection, family mindfulness, and "what went well today."
The appendices in the back of the book include a permission for participation in this program, a guardian questionnaire, a teacher questionnaire, a Pre/Post test, Weekly Assessment, and exercises that can be used throughout.
Support at school
Our current educational environment has become a primary source of support for students with anxiety. This program offers research proven methods and strategies to help manage anxiety, and goes further by incorporating the much-needed practice of mindfulness to help students find ways to build awareness and cope with their emotions, thoughts, and behaviors.
While this book offers a well-researched 9-week program for school-based mental health professionals, the case studies, definitions, methods and strategies shared can benefit all educators and practitioners.
Kathleen Palmieri is a National Board Certified Teacher and NBCT Professional Learning facilitator. She is a fifth grade educator in upstate New York who reviews and writes regularly for MiddleWeb. With a passion for literacy and learning in the classroom, she participates in various writing workshops, curriculum writing endeavors, and math presentations. Collaborating with colleagues and globally on Twitter expanding on her education adventures at are among her ongoing practices
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eng
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70dd8abe-c71c-47b3-a828-4bbe4a091542
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https://www.middleweb.com/49320/manage-student-anxiety-with-cbt-mindfulness/
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Beef Nihari is a traditional Pakistani dish that has gained popularity worldwide for its rich and aromatic flavors. This slow-cooked meat stew, with its tender beef chunks, luscious gravy, and a medley of spices, is a true culinary masterpiece. In this article, we will walk you through the step-by-step process of preparing the perfect Beef Nihari, ensuring that you achieve a delightful and authentic taste in the comfort of your own kitchen.
Ingredients:
To prepare Beef Nihari for approximately four servings, you will need the following ingredients:
Marination:(Please note we have not Marinated Beef this para is for your ease to make Nihari more yummy Inshallah)
In a large mixing bowl, add the beef pieces, ginger paste, garlic paste, Nihari masala powder, salt.
Mix the ingredients thoroughly, ensuring that the meat is coated with the spices. Allow it to marinate for at least 1-2 hours or overnight in the refrigerator for enhanced flavors.
Cooking the Meat:
Heat ghee or clarified butter in a heavy-bottomed pan or a pressure cooker over medium heat.
Add the finely sliced onions and sauté until they turn golden brown.
Add the marinated beef and cook until the meat changes color and releases its juices.
Continue to cook for about 5-7 minutes until the spices are well incorporated into the meat.
Slow Cooking:
Pour water into the pan or pressure cooker, ensuring that the meat is completely submerged.
If using a pan, cover it with a tight-fitting lid and cook on low heat for 4-5 hours until the meat is tender. Alternatively, if using a pressure cooker, close the lid and cook for 1-2 hours or until the meat is tender (follow the instructions of your pressure cooker for cooking times).
Thickening the Gravy (Optional):
If you prefer a thicker gravy, take 2 tablespoons of wheat flour and mix it with a little water to form a smooth paste.
Add this paste to the cooking meat and stir well to prevent any lumps from forming.
Cook for an additional 15-20 minutes until the gravy thickens to your desired consistency.
Garnishing and Serving:
Once the Beef Nihari is cooked to perfection, garnish it with fresh coriander leaves, ginger julienne, and green chilies.
Serve it hot with naan or steamed basmati rice.
Accompany it with lemon wedges and ginger slices for a tangy kick.
Final Thoughts:
Beef Nihari is a true testament to the culinary heritage of Pakistan, and its aromatic flavors and succulent meat make it an absolute delight for food enthusiasts around the world. By following this step-by-step recipe, you can create a perfect Beef Nihari that captures the essence of this traditional dish. So, gather your ingredients, embrace the slow cooking process, and indulge in the heavenly flavors of Beef Nihari. Bon appétit!
The Nutritional Value of Beef Nihari: A Hearty Delight
Introduction:
Beef Nihari is a popular and flavorsome dish that originates from the Indian subcontinent. This slow-cooked meat stew is rich in spices and traditionally consumed during breakfast or lunch. While it's known for its tantalizing aroma and mouthwatering taste, many individuals are also concerned about its calorie content. In this blog post, we will explore the nutritional aspects of Beef Nihari and shed light on its calorie content.
Calorie Composition:
Beef Nihari is primarily made with succulent pieces of beef, cooked in a thick gravy consisting of aromatic spices and slow-cooked to perfection. The calorie content of Beef Nihari can vary depending on several factors, such as the portion size, cooking method, and the addition of ghee (clarified butter) or oil.
Average Calorie Count:
On average, a serving of Beef Nihari (approximately 300 grams) contains around 500 to 600 calories. This estimate includes the calories from the meat, spices, ghee, and any additional ingredients used in the recipe. However, it's essential to note that these numbers are approximate and can vary depending on the specific recipe and cooking method employed.
Nutritional Highlights:
Despite its calorie content, Beef Nihari does offer several nutritional benefits. It is an excellent source of top-quality protein, which is Important for muscle repair and growth. Additionally, the dish includes an array of spices like ginger, garlic, turmeric, and coriander, which are known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
Moderation and Healthier Modifications:
While Beef Nihari can be enjoyed as part of a balanced diet, moderation is key due to its higher calorie content. However, there are some modifications you can make to create a healthier version of this dish. For instance, using lean cuts of beef and minimizing the amount of ghee or oil can reduce the overall calorie count. Adding more vegetables, such as carrots or peas, can also enhance the nutritional value and add dietary fiber to the dish.
Conclusion:
Beef Nihari is a delightful and aromatic dish that is cherished by many. While it does contain a significant number of calories, it offers essential nutrients like protein and various beneficial spices. By practicing portion control and making some modifications, you can still savor this flavorful dish as part of a well-balanced diet. Remember, it's always best to consult with a nutritionist or healthcare professional for personalized dietary advice based on your specific needs and goals.
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The Benefits of Space Maintainer Dental: Why Early Treatment Is Always Best
Space maintainers serve an important function in maintaining proper tooth alignment. When a primary tooth is lost too soon, the surrounding teeth may shift into the gap and disrupt the natural eruption process of permanent teeth. This can cause overcrowding and misalignment in the future. Space maintainers prevent this from happening by holding the gap between teeth open and ensuring that there is enough space for permanent teeth to grow in properly.
These devices can be customized to fit each patient's specific needs. They are typically made of metal and are attached to the adjacent teeth with dental cement. They can also be removable and made of acrylic or plastic for younger children with fewer permanent teeth. The type of space maintainer used will depend on the patient's age, the location of the missing tooth, and other factors determined by the dentist.
Overall, the function of space maintainers is crucial in preventing future dental problems and ensuring proper tooth alignment and growth. Early intervention with these devices is always best to avoid more complex and costly treatments down the road.
The Function of Space Maintainers
Space maintainers are crucial dental treatments that prevent shifting of adjacent teeth when a primary tooth is lost too soon. These devices are customized to fit each individual patient and their specific needs. Children who lose a primary tooth too early are often fitted with a space maintainer to hold the gap open and prevent future dental problems.
The function of space maintainers is to preserve the space for the permanent teeth to erupt properly. The longer a gap is left open, the more likely the adjacent teeth will shift, leading to malocclusion and other dental problems. Space maintainers can help prevent these complications by maintaining the space for permanent teeth and allowing them to grow correctly.
There are different types of space maintainers, including fixed and removable ones. Fixed space maintainers are usually made of metal and are attached to the adjacent teeth with dental cement. Band-and-loop space maintainers are used when only one side of the molar is missing. Lingual arch space maintainers are used when several teeth are missing, and there are no other permanent molars in place yet. Removable space maintainers are designed to be taken out for cleaning or adjustment and are usually made of acrylic or plastic.
In conclusion, early intervention for space maintenance is crucial. Space maintainers should be fitted as soon as possible after a premature tooth loss is detected. With customized treatments and the right maintenance, space maintainers can help prevent future dental problems and preserve a healthy, happy smile.
Types of Space Maintainers
When it comes to space maintainers, there are several different types available to choose from. The selection process will depend on a few factors including the patient's age, the location of the missing tooth, and the child's specific needs. Below are some of the most common types of space maintainers:
Fixed space maintainers: These are typically made of metal and are attached to the adjacent teeth with dental cement. They are most commonly used when the patient has both permanent molars and other permanent teeth along the arch. There are several different types of fixed space maintainers including band-and-loop and lingual arch space maintainers.
Removable space maintainers: These are designed to be taken out for cleaning or adjustment. They are usually made of acrylic or plastic and have wires to hold them in place. These devices are most commonly used for younger children with fewer permanent teeth.
Each type of space maintainer has its own advantages and disadvantages, and your child's dentist will be able to recommend the best type of device for your child's needs. It's important to remember that each child will have a different treatment plan depending on their unique dental situation.
Fixed Space Maintainers
Fixed space maintainers are a type of dental appliance that are made of metal and are attached to the adjacent teeth with dental cement. They are used to hold open the gap where a primary tooth was lost prematurely, in order to prevent the adjacent teeth from shifting out of position and impacting the permanent tooth eruption process. Fixed space maintainers are most commonly used when the patient has both permanent molars and other permanent teeth along the arch.
One of the advantages of using a fixed space maintainer is that it is a sturdy and permanent solution that does not need to be removed for cleaning or adjustment. However, one disadvantage is that it may be more noticeable to others, especially if it is located in a prominent area of the mouth. Additionally, the metal components may cause discomfort or irritation to the surrounding gum tissue or tongue.
It is important to consult with a dental professional to determine if a fixed space maintainer is the best option for your specific dental needs. They can examine your mouth and provide recommendations for the most appropriate type of space maintainer based on your age, the location of the missing tooth, and other factors.
Band-and-Loop Space Maintainers
Band-and-Loop Space Maintainers are a specific type of space maintainer device that is utilized when only one side of the molar is missing. This type of device consists of a metal band that is wrapped around the adjacent tooth, with a loop extending to fit over the gap where the missing tooth should be. These devices are practical in maintaining the space of the missing tooth, allowing the permanent tooth to grow naturally in its position.
One of the major benefits of Band-and-Loop Space Maintainers is that they are a relatively inexpensive option that effectively prevents shifting of teeth, which can lead to future dental problems. These devices are typically made of high-quality metal that is durable and withstands the wear and tear of daily use. Additionally, Band-and-Loop Space Maintainers are custom-made to ensure a perfect fit for each individual patient, providing comfort and stability for their growing teeth.
Overall, it is essential to seek early intervention when a child loses a primary tooth prematurely. Band-and-Loop Space Maintainers, along with other types of space maintainer devices, play a critical role in maintaining the proper alignment and spacing of teeth, preventing future dental problems from occurring. If you suspect your child may require a space maintainer, it is recommended to consult with your dentist, who can guide you to the best treatment option for them.
Lingual Arch Space Maintainers
Lingual arch space maintainers are a type of fixed space maintainer that is used when multiple teeth are missing and there are no other permanent molars in place yet. These maintainers are designed to keep the adjacent teeth from shifting forward into the gap left by the missing teeth. A metal band is placed on the molars on both sides of the gap, and a wire is attached behind the front teeth to hold them in place.
One of the advantages of lingual arch space maintainers is that they are fixed in place, so there is no risk of the patient losing them or forgetting to wear them. Additionally, they do not require any additional daily maintenance, aside from regular brushing and flossing.
However, one potential drawback of lingual arch space maintainers is that they can be more challenging to clean than other types of space maintainers. This is because the wire and metal band can make it difficult to properly clean the teeth and gums around the device. Therefore, it is important for patients to maintain good oral hygiene habits to prevent any complications.
Overall, lingual arch space maintainers are an effective treatment option for children with multiple missing teeth. By preventing adjacent teeth from shifting, these devices can help ensure proper dental alignment and prevent future dental problems.
Removable Space Maintainers
Removable Space Maintainers are an excellent option for younger children with fewer permanent teeth. These devices can be taken out for cleaning and adjustment purposes. They're mostly made of acrylic or plastic and have wires that hold them in place. The key advantage of using a removable space maintainer is the fact that they're versatile and non-invasive, which means that the child can eat normally and continue their daily routine without issues.
Additionally, Removable Space Maintainers are quite effective in maintaining gaps between teeth. They're best suited for younger children who haven't yet developed all their permanent teeth. The device can be easily adjusted as the child's jaw grows, which makes it a great long-term solution.
It's important to note that there are different types of removable space maintainers available, each with its unique design and purpose. A dental professional can assist you in determining the best type of removable space maintainer for your child and ensure that they fit correctly.
In conclusion, Removable Space Maintainers are an excellent treatment option for younger children with fewer permanent teeth. They're versatile, non-invasive, and can be easily adjusted to meet the child's growing needs. It's vital to seek early intervention to avoid more severe dental problems such as malocclusion. Consulting a dental professional is the best way to ensure that your child receives the appropriate treatment and care required for optimal dental health.
The Importance of Early Intervention for Space Maintenance
Early intervention is a critical component of space maintainer treatment. When a child loses a primary tooth too early, their adjacent teeth can shift into the gap, creating a larger problem when the permanent teeth begin to erupt. This can lead to dental problems such as malocclusion and bite issues.
Space maintainers serve an essential function in preventing these types of problems from occurring. They are custom-made devices that hold the gap open, ensuring that adjacent teeth do not shift out of their proper position. However, to be most effective, space maintainers must be fitted as soon as possible after a primary tooth loss is detected.
The longer a gap is left open, the more difficult it can be to address the issue, and the higher the likelihood of further dental problems. For children who have lost a primary tooth prematurely, early intervention with a space maintainer can help ensure that their permanent teeth come in correctly, reducing the need for future orthodontic
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https://www.teethhealing.com/the-benefits-of-space-maintainer-dental-why-early-treatment-is-always-best/
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Synonyms for puckishness
The term puckishness is identified in base64 scheme by the sequence cHVja2lzaG5lc3M=, while the MD5 signature is equal to 47eab4137a3681c9c3295c208d2adddb. The ASCII encoding of puckishness in hexadecimal notation is 7075636b6973686e657373.
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dc95921e-942f-4fb1-b406-3fd763a3b619
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http://trovami.altervista.org/en/sinonimi/puckishness
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Politics for People's Welfare Should be Brought Back
Hiren Pandit: The human being is the only political creature among animals. Due to genetic characteristics, in most cases, the next political successor emerges from the political family by birth, and the practice of simple habits such as following-imitating the predecessors in speech, action and conduct prevails. Politics is mainly for the public interest and to advance welfare efforts by uniting the people, but politicians often try to enjoy the benefits individually and by the party by creating division instead of uniting the people for their own interests. In this case, their campaign style is different depending on the country and region. Sometimes religion, sometimes caste, sometimes caste differences, sometimes local and foreign etc. divisions are used gracefully.
The modern state is formed and governed by the process of politics, where the philosophy of direct participation of the people and management for their welfare has played a special role, freeing the state from the ancient or medieval feudal dictatorship. For this reason, politics is considered an essential ideology in modern state-building. People can reflect their ideology by participating in modern state governance. That is why the state has been able to rapidly change its character. A modern state now guarantees people a better life by fulfilling the conditions of all basic rights including food, clothing, education, medical care, and shelter. No society can become a modern state by shutting down politics. For that reason, it is said that the acceptable way of the modern state system, life system and the overall welfare and development of people is to run the state through political means. No alternative system of politics can be imagined in a modern state.
Among all the prevailing policies, politics is considered the best policy. Because politics revolves around public welfare words, actions and their overall significance above personal interest. The practice of real politics is to engage oneself voluntarily in political activities for the sake of public service without remuneration. The goal of politics is to win the election and get the desired position or to form the government subject to the election of the supported political party. As a result of participation in the work of government management by gaining political rank, one gets the qualification to conduct recognized activities such as public service for a certain period of time, on the other hand, it is possible to get an honorarium for the time spent in conducting the activities.
The main goal of politics is public welfare. This is especially true for grassroots parties like the Awami League. So, the leadership has to work more for public welfare. Only then will it be possible to win people's hearts? Bangladesh has achieved incredible success in various fields. Sheikh Hasina is now praised by world leaders. But we have not yet reached our desired goal. Poverty and unemployment are big problems. Although poverty has been reduced, it has not yet been completely eradicated. Unemployment is increasing. Income inequality is also increasing. Corruption is also a major obstacle. These problems should be highlighted and Bangladesh should move towards the desired goal. That's why we need visionary leadership. Public welfare should be the aim of every political party including the Awami League. If this is done, it will be possible to establish a developed and prosperous Bangladesh.
Politics is the best policy but political practice is like an outlet saw, which is always open. Even though political practitioners make mistakes intentionally or unintentionally for their own or party's interests or take a stand against the public interest for any other reason, and despite opposing the proposal presented for the public welfare of the other party, they try unsuccessfully to protect themselves from public anger by expressing an opinion that it has been accepted for the sake of public welfare. Although the philosophy and party manifesto of all political parties is not the same, the election slogan of every political party is public welfare. But in the post-election period, how many roles that slogan can play in contributing to the public welfare in the independent legislative work of the members of the legislature, the law-making method of different countries, giving opinions on the draft proposal, above all, the obligation of voting for and against in turning the proposal into law, and taking individual decisions. The case is very important. Through this, the slogan of public welfare is not sincere, people get an opportunity to verify it in a society that practices real democracy, and in the next election, people take the opportunity to evaluate it by exercising voting rights.
Bangabandhu gave six points for independence. But there was one point in him. Because he knew there would be no solution in six points. For this freedom, he had to endure prison, oppression, and torture. During the Liberation War, Bangabandhu was arrested and taken to Rawalpindi, Pakistan. It was a very hot place where he was kept, and it was freezing cold. He was hurt in the back of the head while being taken as a prisoner.
Bangabandhu has done everything necessary to build a devastated country after independence. While managing the state, we see that he has created all the basic structures in just three and a half years. What do those who take power by imposing martial law ordinance, or suspending the constitution give democracy? Those who come to power with martial law ordinance cannot give democracy. There is a class of intellectuals. Because if there is a democracy, they have no value, so they want those who come by undemocratic means. Write as much as they can. Bangabandhu has given independence, he wanted to give economic freedom to the people of this country, is it his crime, he was killed?
Sheikh Hasina has said that she dedicated her life to the welfare of the people of Bangladesh. The Independence that my father gave me should not be troubled. We are working towards building a developed, prosperous country. We hope we can do that. We are also ready to sacrifice for the people of Bengal, as Bangabandhu gave his life for the people of Bengal.Sheikh Hasina said in an emotional voice recently, I have lost my parents and everyone. I was prevented from coming to the country, but still, I managed to come to the country. My father Bangabandhu gave his life to free the people of the country from hunger and poverty. I am working to establish his ideals and goals.
She said we were working with the aim that there will be no homeless and jobless. But the outbreak of coronavirus created a little problem but we are trying to overcome the situation. We have taken various programs and announced packages to deal with Corona. Awami League is now running the government. The party has a glorious role in every struggle of Bengalis starting from the freedom struggle of the country. Bengalis got an independent sovereign country under the leadership of Bangabandhu in 1971. In the continuation of the history, his daughter Sheikh Hasina has now taken the lead in the country. Under her leadership, the country is now on the highway of development. Along with development, she emphasized winning people's hearts. She asked the leaders and activists to work from now on to win the party in the next election. Talks about finding the poor and helpless people. She also assured them that they will be given all kinds of support from the government.
But in that case, the relationships of trust with the senior policymakers of the party are very important. Apart from this, there is no legitimate opportunity to get financial benefits for conducting political activities in the public interest, except for the loss of personal work and waste of time. But it is not the case that everyone does politics only for the purpose of public service and gaining legitimate power through elections. Rather, many engage in immoral money-making by using political titles. Such a tendency can be observed more in different countries due to relatively poverty-stricken and weak democratic practices. However, how logical it is in the question of justice, the correct answer is questionable!
From 2001 to 2008, a big conspiracy to wipe out Awami League by using state power was hatched in the field of politics. Politics then gets really complicated for politicians. Many politicians and ideological politics also disappeared from politics. However, after the 2008 elections, there was a possibility that the politics of Bangladesh would return to its original place. The government formed under the leadership of Sheikh Hasina has improved the socio-economic and political development of the country through the formulation of the Charter of Change and Vision 2021.
After a few months, the 12th National Parliament elections are going to be held in the country. The politics centered on the election is again in a contradictory position as if it is preparing for a wrestling match. But politics is not just about getting and staying in power. It is to build a modern state system to realize the welfare of the people. For that reason, it is now absolutely necessary for this vast and densely populated country to present to the people how much they want to take, and how much they want to give to the political parties, not the preparation for the war, but the grand plan of building a non-communal democratic state. To properly reflect modern democratic politics, there is a need to improve the quality of education and culture along with economic development. Only then will the existence of our people not only survive but also develop to meet the challenges of the fourth industrial revolution. Now that politics should be brought back to
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Please notice that we aggregate data per hour, day, and userID. We are having trouble finding the righ tools for this task. We were wondering if there is a way to perform this aggregation within Elasticsearch and not setting up an external cron.
We have checked Watcher and Transformations' documentation, but we have not found the correct parameters to configure a periodic task like this (if these parameters exist).
continuous transform: starts, processes existing data, then periodically polling for changes in the source data and updating the destination index
If you go with 1. then you need to create and start the transform externally, using your own "cron" mechanism.
It seems that what you need is 2. (i.e.: the continuous transform). The following request gives exactly the results you provided:
Thank you for your answer. It seems to be an appropriate solution for the problem we are trying to solve. Our first approach consisted of calculating, at the end of the day, the aggregated values for each hour, running the operation for the complete day, however, you propose to compute the aggregations continuously every hour which seems to satisfy the same function running continously. I would like to ask you a few questions about your answer.
As far as I understand, the configuration that you presented computes the aggregation every hour, since the parameter frequency is set to 1h. Does this mean that by the end of each hour the transformation will compute the aggregation considering only the new documents that were received in the interval (now() - 1h, now()] or it will check again every document corresponding to the index pattern? The date_histogram aggregation separates also the days (hour_1Tdat_1 and hour_1Tday_2 are different buckets)?
Could you give us some insights about the meaning of the sync object? Particularly the delay field.
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https://discuss.elastic.co/t/daily-schedule-transform-from-different-indices/351718
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DEU Disposable Vape Collection
DEU is on a mission to cater to diverse customer preferences by constantly innovating and developing a variety of mixed-flavor disposables and pods. With a primary focus on disposables, our products feature stylish designs, unique flavors, and a refreshing menthol sensation, leaving you craving for more. Experience it once, and you'll fall in love!
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a0f83863-f44b-4407-89c5-e9e559e77d18
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https://www.supervape.ca/collections/deu-disposable-vape-pod-system
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Center for Pharmaceutical Policy and Prescribing, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Walid.gellad{at}pitt.edu
Data from Denmark indicate low risk, with important differences between vaccines
The mRNA vaccines from Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) and Moderna (mRNA-1273) are a stunning success of science. They have saved countless lives and have a demonstrated safety record in a billion administered doses worldwide. No drug in history, however, has been completely free of adverse events. Myocarditis, although rare, is a known side effect of the mRNA vaccines and has been a barrier to uptake primarily because of uncertainty around its severity and frequency. Much of the pharmacovigilance data identifying myocarditis has been from passive reports and could be incomplete. There have also been a handful of case reports. What has been missing are complete population based studies that can give a less biased assessment of incidence.
It is in this context that the linked study by Husby and colleagues (doi:10.1136/bmj-2021-068665) is considered.1 These authors reviewed data from all five million residents of Denmark age 12 and older, four million of whom received one of the mRNA vaccines from October 2020 to October 2021. They identified all cases of myocarditis or myopericarditis, defined as a hospital diagnosis of myocarditis or pericarditis plus an increased troponin level and admission lasting >24 hours. The primary analysis used a cox proportional hazards model to compare the risks of myocarditis or myopericarditis 28 days after vaccination with risk during unvaccinated time. The authors also performed a nested self-controlled case series to deal with confounding, and they got similar results.
The study confirms what is already known about vaccine associated myocarditis—that it is rare, but it exists. Of 3.5 million people who received BNT162b2, 48 developed myocarditis or myopericarditis within 28 days (54% male, 56% second dose), giving an incidence of 1.4 per 100 000 vaccinated individuals. The increased rate of myocarditis or myopericarditis was not statistically significant in the primary analysis (adjusted hazard ratio 1.34, 95% confidence interval 0.90 to 2.00), although it was statistically significant in an analysis using a 14 day post-exposure window (1.89, 1.23 to 2.90). In perhaps the most surprising result, the vaccine was associated with myocarditis or myopericarditis only in female, not male, participants. That just under half of the cases were in female participants and after the first dose is unexpected, inconsistent with international data, and hard to explain.
Results for Moderna's vaccine mRNA-1273 are more consistent with previous studies: of 500 000 people vaccinated, 21 developed myocarditis or myopericarditis (76% male, 86% second dose), giving an overall incidence of 4.2 per 100 000. Risk was increased in both male and female participants (adjusted hazard ratio 3.92, 2.30 to 6.78), with substantially higher risk after the second dose.
Overall, the rate of vaccine associated myocarditis or myopericarditis in Denmark is lower than the rate reported in other settings, although it is difficult to compare across settings given differences in case definition and population characteristics. For example, among 5.1 million Israelis vaccinated with BNT162b2, 136 cases of myocarditis occurred within 21 days, or an overall rate of 2.7 per 100 000, compared with 1.4 per 100 000 in Denmark.2 Age differences could be at play, but even in the youngest groups the rates in Denmark are lower than those elsewhere. In young people aged 12-17 years (boys and girls combined), the rate of myocarditis or myopericarditis in Denmark was 1 per 100 000 with BNT162b2 compared with 18.5 per 100 000 in Hong Kong,3 and roughly 7 per 100 000 in Israel (ages 16-19 years).2 In 12-39 year old males after the second dose of BNT162b2, the incidence of myocarditis or myopericarditis in Denmark was only 1.8 per 100 000, compared with >7 per 100 000 in 16-39 year old males in Israel.2
Why might the rates of vaccine associated myocarditis or myopericarditis seem lower in Denmark? Clearly the definition of myocarditis will influence the reported incidence. Husby and colleagues' case definition was strict, requiring a hospital stay of at least 24 hours combined with an increased troponin level. Differences in surveillance for adverse effects could also play a role, as could differences in vaccine dosing interval. In Denmark, the median time between BNT162b2 doses was five weeks, longer than the three weeks recommended in Israel and the United States. The authors offer this longer dosing interval as one potential explanation for the lower rates of myocarditis or myopericarditis in Denmark. This hypothesis has support. Researchers from Canada recently found a lower rate of myocarditis associated with longer spacing between doses.4 In the United Kingdom, which also extended time between doses, the rate of myocarditis after vaccination with BNT162b2 appears similarly low, at 1 per 100 000.5
Husby and colleagues also confirm a higher rate of myocarditis or myopericarditis with mRNA-1273 compared with BNT162b2. Among men younger than 40, the incidence of myocarditis associated with mRNA-1273 was five times higher than the incidence associated with BNT162b2 (9.4 v. 1.8 per 100 000). This finding has been confirmed in the US,6 Canada,4 Japan,7 Germany,8 France,9 and in other Nordic countries. Those countries, unlike the US, have decided to recommend BNT162b2 over mRNA-1273 for young people.
The mRNA vaccines against covid-19 are remarkably effective and provide tremendous benefit to recipients. The risks of myocarditis or myopericarditis are low and must be balanced against these many benefits. Balancing risks and benefits, however, means measuring risks accurately, and population based studies such as this one are vital for ensuring this proper balancing, and for identifying ways to maintain the benefits of vaccination while reducing the risks
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https://www.bmj.com/content/375/bmj.n3090?ijkey=2a62ec7d006d043aed98839b79eb8a5e81e1dfdb&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
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patterns
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https://wikoria.pl/en/brand/smtf-europe-2
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Never Miss a Chance to Do the Most Good
Knowledge is a Ticket Out of Poverty.
The Salvation Army offers after-school programs and enrichment activities to help families in our community.
To keep our clients, staff, and volunteers safe, and in accordance with city and state guidelines, programs and services at The Salvation Army Hammond-Munster Corps Community Center are modified until further notice. For the most up-to-date information, please contact us at 219-838-0380.
Click here to learn more about local and national Coronavirus (COVID-19) relief efforts.
By the end of the 4th grade, African-American, Latino and low-income students are already two years behind grade level.
By the time they reach the 12th grade, the same kids are four years behind.
"The goal-setting class really showed me how to create a plan to succeed and reach my dream."
The Salvation Army's programs help motivate, encourage and empower youth to be the best they can be and to seek out ways to reach their goals.
The Salvation Army empowers youth in our community through:
After-School Programs and Child Care
The Salvation Army community centers provide after-school programming to give youth and teens a safe place to complete homework, learn new skills and relax with their friends.
Character-Building & Mentoring Programs
Weekly scout-style and mentoring programs are designed to support youth and teens as they navigate their world and grow into adulthood. Topics addressed can include bullying, peer pressure, making a positive impact on the community, family life, and more. Character-building classes meet Wednesdays during the school year at 4:45 p.m.
Moonbeams: children in Pre-Kindergarten & Kindergarten (ages 4 & 5)
Sunbeams: girls in grades 1 - 5
Explorers: boys in grades 1 - 5
Girl Guards: girls in grades 6 - 12
Rangers: boys in grades 6 - 12
Music, Visual and Dramatic Education
The Salvation Army is the largest music educator in the world, with offerings in brass, vocal, guitar, drums and more. It is important to provide additional creative outlets for youth, teens and adults to share their experiences, hopes, dreams and fears. Classes are held Wednesdays during the school year.
Worship Band: 5:30 p.m.
Singing Company Children's Choir: 6:30 p.m.
Beginner Band: 6:30 p.m.
Ukulele: 6:30 p.m.
Camp Wonderland Camp provides week-long summer camp options for youth, teens and seniors with a different theme each week. We also offer Vacation Bible School in the summer
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https://centralusa.salvationarmy.org/hammond/empower-youth/
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This viral Japanese Trump ad has everyone hilariously confused
Viral Videos
July 25, 2016By chris
TRUMPUSAN 2016!!!!!
IT'S NOT REAL, GUYS.
Sorry, we just needed to get that off our chest right away, because it seems as if the entire earth is convinced otherwise.
The confusing item in question is a parody of a fictional Japanese Donald Trump ad created by YouTube personality Mike Diva. He made it because he's funny and sarcastic and weirdly good at capturing the irreverent, pastel world of Japanese pop idols. Also because, in his words, "this little guy, Trumpusan, is adorable." People just want to hug and kiss his mutated little face! He does look like a flattened squirrel that would do great as an overlooked taxidermy in a Midwestern antique shop, so … true.
Yet, it appears most of the world doesn't have the sarcasm gene, and the video fooled many more people than intended. About half of the video's YouTube comments are angry war cries denouncing Japan's "ignorance" and earnestly asserting just how dangerous it would be for Japan to endorse Trump. Oh, would it now?
All this is a confusion Diva is happy to foster. "A lot of people are confused, a lot of people think its real, and a lot of people are angry," he told The Japan Times.
Oh, well. This is why the internet exists after all, isn't it? To fool stupid people and make smart ones laugh snort? You be the judge.
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https://therooster.com/articles/viral-japanese-trump-ad-has-everyone-hilariously-confused/
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Plastic-Free Containers
Lately I've been trying to lead a more plastic free lifestyle. What I've learned is that the trick is to start small and not try and change everything at once. The first thing I thought of was replacing the containers and bags that I use everyday around the house. I've rounded up a list of cute, sustainable and safe alternatives to plastic.
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https://venitaaspen.com/plastic-free-containers/
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Exhibition Blends Tradition with Artificial Intelligence Here' exhibition, a testament to the rich tapestry of Indigenous belonging and the dynamic threads of cultural heritage intricately woven into the life stories of elders.
This groundbreaking exhibition explores the essence of Indigenous identity through a captivating blend of traditional photography and cutting-edge AI technologies. In a world often overshadowed by artificiality, 'I Am Here' aims to unveil the true spirit of belonging through real-time connections with those who carry the wisdom of the past. The result is a mesmerising dance of shared experiences and timeless journeys, capturing the essence of Indigenous cultures in a way that transcends the boundaries of conventional artistic expression.
Guided by a committed team of First Nations creative mentors, Tarquin Singleton and Sheree Jacobs, the young and dynamic team at IDL has spent the past five years pushing the boundaries of what is defined a Indigenous creativity. Their collaborative efforts have not gone unnoticed, as they have had the privilege of working with some of Australia's leading brands and companies, including MECCA, Target, The EVT Group, Cairns Regional Council, and The Starlight Foundation, among many others.
The integration of AI into traditional artistic forms represents more than just a technological leap; it signifies a bridge between the wisdom of the past and the creativity of the future. The 'I Am Here' exhibition serves as a powerful reminder of the importance of spending time with our old people and fostering a sense of identity, particularly for the younger generation.
The mentorship provided by First Nations leaders adds a layer of depth to the creative process, ensuring that the intersection of tradition and innovation is guided by a profound understanding of Indigenous values. The success of IDL in collaborating with major brands underscores the growing recognition of the importance of Indigenous perspectives, creativity and innovation in diverse sectors.
As IDL continues to evolve, it stands as a shining example of the adaptability and resilience of Indigenous cultures in the face of technological advancements. The work being done locally and nationally by IDL is not only contributing to the creative landscape but also playing a pivotal role in preserving and promoting Indigenous knowledge and perspectives in new ways.
In a world where technology often threatens to obscure our connection to heritage, Indigenous Design Labs is proving that, when harnessed thoughtfully, artificial intelligence can be a powerful tool for amplifying, rather than erasing, the voices of Indigenous communities. The 'I Am Here' exhibition is a testament to the enduring strength of Indigenous cultures, demonstrating that, with the right blend of tradition and innovation, the past can coexist harmoniously with the future.
Some of the Elders from the 'I Am Here' Exhibition L to R: Barbara Simpson, Marie David and Sari Salome Thaiday.
"IDL is still a work in progress, but we are doing some amazing work locally and nationally. This exhibition connects these young people back to our elders and importantly shows them and others who view it that we must never lose connection to them, they are at the heart of our belonging."
Funded for three years by the John T Reid Foundation foundation, which expired in 2022, IndigeDesignLabs has transitioned into a sustainable creative impact hub. Their collaboration with ingeous studios, combined with the opportunities they have embraced, has paved the way for their continued success. The support provided by Northsite Contemporary Arts, which offers a creative space for their endeavors and foundational support, has also been instrumental in their growth.
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1b532c21-f0ae-49c7-94f6-19422f436f4a
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https://indigedesignlabs.com.au/2024/01/17/exhibition-blends-tradition-with-artificial-intelligence/
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Watch By Icebreaker to the North Pole
2019
1 Season
By Icebreaker to the North Pole is a thrilling reality series produced by the award-winning media company, Multicom Entertainment Group (MEG). The show invites viewers to join an exciting voyage towards the North Pole, where a team of adventurers will embark on an icebreaking expedition to reach the very top of the world.
The experienced crew of explorers, scientists, and engineers will face tremendous challenges as they traverse through the treacherous Arctic waters, battling severe weather conditions, and icy obstacles along the way. The ultimate goal of the show is to showcase the team's expedition, providing viewers with an insight into Arctic exploration and its significance to our environment.
The series sets out to illustrate the harsh realities of navigating through the Arctic Ocean, where ice, unpredictable weather, and shifting currents pose significant risks to the crew's safety. The show is shot in real-time, creating a sense of urgency and drama that immerses viewers in the high-stakes adventure.
The team is led by the ship's captain, who is accompanied by a diverse group of professionals, including marine biologists, geophysicists, and glaciologists, who use their expertise to explore the unique environment of the Arctic and collect valuable scientific data.
Viewers will get to witness the team's progress as they traverse the perilous waters, weaving through ice floes and pushing their icebreaker vessel to the limit. Captivating footage of the crew battling through turbulent seas, navigating through dense fog, and powering through sub-zero temperatures, create an exciting and immersive experience for viewers.
The show also delves into the environmental significance of the Arctic region, explaining how the changes in the Arctic ecosystem can have a profound impact on the rest of the world. The team's scientific research provides valuable information on the effects of climate change, and what can be done to mitigate its impact.
As the crew battles the unpredictable Arctic terrain, they encounter some unique challenges, including dealing with polar bears, navigating through thick ice floes, and keeping the ship running in near-freezing temperatures. The crew's resilience and teamwork are tested as they face unforeseen circumstances and work tirelessly to achieve their goals.
By Icebreaker to the North Pole is more than just an adventurous reality series; it is a unique opportunity for viewers to discover the harsh yet beautiful landscape of the Arctic, and understand the impact of climate change on this fragile ecosystem. The show is an inspiring testament to human resilience and the ability to overcome challenges, all while educating viewers on one of the world's most significant and least-understood environments.
Overall, By Icebreaker to the North Pole is a captivating and immersive reality series that takes viewers on an epic adventure through the perilous waters of the Arctic. With its thrilling narrative, spectacular visual effects, and valuable scientific insights, it is a show that is sure to captivate anyone interested in exploration, nature, and environmental issues.
By Icebreaker to the North Pole is a series that is currently running and has 1 seasons (2 episodes). The series first aired on November 1, 2019.
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c3ddf656-c513-45d6-b77d-864f97cc2d11
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https://www.yidio.com/show/by-icebreaker-to-the-north-pole
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Chris Tanev's trade cost could be too steep for the Maple Leafs
This trade deadline season seems like it has the Maple Leafs and Chris Tanev on a collision course to bringing the local boy home and fixing some significant issues the Maple Leafs have in their top four defence. Would it be great if there was an exciting creative option out there? Sure. Would someone with term be better? Absolutely. Is it likely that Tanev will be the most impactful defenceman available? Yeah, that's true too.
The challenge for the Leafs is that they don't have a 2nd round pick and that changes their situation on the ask and there is some good and some bad to it.
Worst case scenario is the Leafs are simply in a situation where they are outbidding everyone and paying a first for Chris Tanev. In previous years the Leafs have at least had a second round pick to fall back on in the draft, but if they deal their first it will be a very quiet first couple of rounds for a team that can't ignore their future any further while still prioritizing the present.
The Leafs would have an option to re-sign Chris Tanev and while that is not a bad idea, there are injury concerns, he's 34 years old, and expecting a hometown discount is nothing more than a wishful exercise at this point. Re-signing Tanev might not be an incentive to pay more it might be venturing into sunk cost fallacy where they over commit to veteran player because of the price paid to acquire him.
Tanev won't necessarily age like Reaves and it took Giordano until he turned 40 before he truly hit a wall, but there are some significant similarities to the Jake Muzzin situation. Muzzin was great after he was acquired, gave the Leafs a great follow up season, but showed his age the following year before injuries ended his career shortly after. Considering term as an option to make Tanev's deal more palatable seems like it could bite the Leafs.
The other piece to consider is that if the Leafs are paying over the asking price on Tanev by offering a first, they can start asking for something in return as well and I wouldn't doubt that Brad Treliving is already well into those conversations. If Calgary is getting a first, asking for salary retention seems like a given, but additionally or instead of that, is this situation one where the Leafs can explore moving a contract like Kampf's or Reaves back to the Flames to create some longer term relief for Toronto.
The other idea that has been thrown out there is that the Leafs could substitute the first round ask with Fraser Minten and that certainly is a bad idea and given how excited the organization is around him, it seems unlikely to happen. Ditto for Easton Cowan. I'm not sure that a Marlies grab bag headlined by Topi Niemela gets it done, but arguably it probably should. It's just draft picks are a lot easier to work with and make for great currency if the Flames want to turn things around fast via trades this summer.
There is also the small matter of rumoured love loss between Brad Treliving and the Flames front office that has been alluded to previously. If these parties aren't looking to do each other any favours the best course of action might be to look elsewhere.
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47f6d637-a342-408e-985f-21152f550ef6
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https://theleafsnation.com/news/amp/chris-tanevs-trade-cost-could-be-too-steep-for-the-maple-leafs
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What People Say
March 31, 2021
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744268c6-5194-42c2-a01c-69bf67b516c1
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https://www.smartendurancesolutions.com/reviews/chris-milton/
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The posture of a nation
In Jordan Peterson's 12 Rules for Life, he breaks down the reason why many get bullied at a young age, surprisingly it's not because the victim had done anything to deserve it or because the bully found some sense of justice in their belittling. The reason, Peterson states, is often because they are unwilling to fight back.
The emotional and physical posture of a person may have some effect on being bullied initially but it's the continual pushing of the bully that exposes an unwillingness to stand up for themselves.
Elected bullying
Recent years in Australia and around the world have shed light on a similar relationship between the state/ federal governments and the governed.
An increase of power to elected and un-elected officials has created a disproportionate gap between personal responsibility of a citizen and sovereignty of leadership over the people. The vaccination mandates in Australia were imposed on the population under the guise of countering the health threats of COVID, but has now exposed a side-effect of sole reliance on the government for health and safety and an abdication of personal responsibility on the people.
The people are no longer trusted with their own health decisions and the onus defaults to the government as a sole protector. But protection is not what has happened.
If the people of Australia had a posture that was visible to the government, it would be the frame of someone slouched over, chin tucked into their chest and unwilling to fight back.
The thing is posture is a great determinant of your situation and where you're headed, and it speaks volumes to a bully who is looking for a victim. Jordan Peterson characterises this using the example of lobsters.
Which lobster are you?
Lobsters' brain chemistry works in a similar way to humans when it comes to victory and defeat according to Peterson. When a lobster comes across another lobster, it immediately sizes its opponent up, looking at strength, health, size, mood and posture before engaging. The lobsters who have won many lobster fights before have a tall posture both physically and mentally, they're not the one to back down from a fight before its begun.
On the other hand, a lobster who is new to the whole 'standing up for yourself thing' or has experienced defeat before, will often wear that defeat through their slouched posture and will most likely back down from a fight.
The point that Jordan Peterson is making here is that your posture towards life and its events has a massive impact on the outcome of those events. It doesn't take long before a lobster identifies who is vulnerable and who should be left alone. The same principle applies to humans on who can be bullied whether in school, in the workplace, or by your own government, your posture determines your vulnerability or your strength.
'Stand up straight with your shoulders rolled back'
If you've seen your posture as someone to be trampled, oppressed or even a loser in the past by no cause of your own, Peterson encourages that you can't remain that way. You can't remain a victim of circumstance or hurt and to counter these feelings; recognise your bad habits of thought and correct them.
Likewise, the posture of a nation determines its acceptance of bullying by another nation or their own government. The only way to destabilise power is to sacrifice your own comfort in favour of your future and the potential benefits that will come of it.
Peterson's fascination with good and evil, chaos and order, Jesus and sin, points to the chaos that comes from acquiescence and laziness most of all when he states, "Satan embodies the refusal of sacrifice; he is arrogance, incarnate; spite, deceit, and cruel, conscious malevolence."
Sacrifice your convenience. The convenience of slouching instead of standing up straight and rolling your shoulders back. The convenience of political acquiescence and ignorance in the face of injustice and tyranny. The convenience of checking your phone first thing in the morning instead of reading your Bible.
Jesse Moore draws from the Bible and classical literature for insight into life's tough questions. He is currently studying at university to become a film-maker.
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4624d178-43d9-4cb0-8feb-9fa7e1e9bc0c
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https://www.christiantoday.com.au/news/the-posture-of-a-nation.html
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I'm wanting the input_select: value to be used as the entity: (name) of the echo device used for the mini-media-player. It's a bit confusing… the "source" when you are using sonos is the speaker name but I don't think that applies to Amazon echo devices.
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c0d62066-686f-413b-b135-aee8df53c7fd
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https://community.home-assistant.io/t/input-select-to-set-entity-in-mini-media-player/609332
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Labour Day in the Dominican Republic
Labour Day in the Dominican Republic, celebrated on May 1st, is a significant public holiday that honors the achievements and contributions of workers. Known globally as International Workers' Day, it's a day of recognition and respect for the labor force's efforts and rights. In the Dominican Republic, a nation with a vibrant and diverse economy, Labour Day is observed with a sense of solidarity and appreciation for the working community.
This holiday is typically marked by parades, demonstrations, and gatherings, particularly in major cities like Santo Domingo. Labor unions and worker groups organize events focusing on labor issues, workers' rights, and social justice. While a day for advocacy and awareness, Labour Day is also an occasion for relaxation and family time, with many Dominicans enjoying the day off to gather with family and friends, reflecting on the importance of labor in national development and societal well-being.
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https://mostholidays.com/dominican-republic/labour-day
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Yes, we periodically offer discounts and promotions. Keep an eye on our website and social media channels for the latest deals
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https://craftersautomotive.com/services/
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News
Musical Ole launches her social venture startup in Senegal
Entrepreneur and music lover Anna Wolle '18 is putting her dreams into action.
Shortly after graduating from St. Olaf College, Wolle relocated to Dakar, Senegal, to work full time on her musical startup company, Teranga Strings.
Using a model that combines business and philanthropy, Teranga Strings enables students of all ages and from a wide range of backgrounds to study violin. Lessons are conducted one-on-one and in small groups, and are offered weekly throughout the year. Students engage in outreach performances and cross-disciplinary art projects in order to exemplify community building, inclusivity, and passionate creativity.
"I believe that learning to make music is learning to speak the world's universal language," Wolle says.
"I believe that learning to make music is learning to speak the world's universal language."
Wolle created Teranga Strings to advance music education in Senegal.
"Putting an instrument in a child's hands gives them a new and colorful way to express themselves and communicate with others," she says. "The mission of Teranga Strings is to promote well-being, passionate creativity, and community building through artistic expression for all."
Anna Wolle '18 performs in Senegal, where she has launched her musical startup, Teranga Strings.
Teranga Strings is partnered with two organizations that provide education and housing for young orphans and children rescued from forced labor. Wolle is able to provide free lessons for the students that supplement their education.
In addition to providing lessons for orphans, Teranga Strings offers paid lessons to the Dakar public by providing one-on-one lessons or lessons in small groups. This business model enables Wolle to offer popular lessons to the public that help support the free lessons she provides to children in need.
An entrepreneurial education at St. Olaf At St. Olaf, Wolle studied French and visual arts. She was a violinist in the St. Olaf Orchestra for four years; a participant in the senior studio art project and exhibition in Flaten Art Museum; a violinist in chamber groups and lessons; the editor-in-chief of The Reed, an undergraduate journal of existentialism; a member of the French honor society Pi Delta Phi; and a member of the former 'bloom' creativity club.
"The most impactful experience at St. Olaf was working the Piper Center," Wolle says. "I learned so much from the team of bright and motivated students and enjoyed their daily company inside and outside of the office."
Inspired by a six-week visit to Senegal during the summer of 2017, Wolle felt compelled to return to the African country after graduation.
"The constant requests to teach friends and others how to play a simple song or several notes inspired me to take my music teaching in Dakar to the next level, and to offer violin lessons that were relevant, enjoyable, and engaging."
"I saw a high interest to learn the violin as I toted my instrument around the city to teach and perform," Wolle says. "The constant requests to teach friends and others how to play a simple song or several notes inspired me to take my music teaching in Dakar to the next level, and to offer violin lessons that were relevant, enjoyable, and engaging."
Anna Wolle '18 performs alongside local musicians in Dakar, Senegal.
During her senior year at St. Olaf, Wolle developed the business plan for Teranga Strings. She pitched her business idea in the 2018 Ole Cup, an annual student entrepreneurial competition at St. Olaf. She impressed judges and won the Best Social Venture award, which is given to the startup aimed at making a difference in the world.
The $5,000 she won in the Ole Cup competition — combined with a $3,000 Finstad Grant that she received from the Piper Center — enabled Wolle to purchase 40 violins of three different sizes and ship them to Dakar.
Wolle is currently teaching violin to 30 students. She hopes to create more opportunities for local artists of traditional Senegalese and West African instruments, particularly in the teaching and performance spheres. As Teranga Strings grows in number and stability, Wolle hopes to provide internships to Senegalese musicians and St. Olaf students as well.
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0cbab1a3-3708-475c-a553-3f49dd9d0f8f
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https://wp.stolaf.edu/news/musical-ole-launches-her-social-venture-startup-in-senegal
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Pi (3.14…) One of the single most important numbers in history, its applications include its uses in world-wide statistics, predicting weather patterns, and in other applications that require massive computational power.
Euler's Number (2.718…)
Euler's Constant (.
4.6692.
666.
Googol.
Zero.
One.
How important is the number in our life?
First, we always encounter numbers in our everyday life. We are using them in adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing our payments or other expenses. For example, if we go to the supermarket or any store, we would not be able to know the total amount we spent and our change if we don't learn numbers.
Why are numbers important in our daily life?
Numeracy in everyday life Our confidence and ability with numbers impacts us financially, socially, and professionally. It even affects our health and wellbeing. Some examples of the ways we use maths every day include: Working out how many minutes until our train.
How are numbers formed?
The number system is the numeral representation of numbers in It is formed by using digits or various Mathematical symbols. Now there are three types of numeral systems. This system is also referred to as the base ten positional numeral system. Decimals are mainly identified having a decimal separator which is a '.
Why are numbers so important?
Numbers are important. Whether costs, revenues, performance, targets – most people agree that numbers are important. Interpretation of these numbers is key; the numbers can influence decisions related to performance, investments and effectiveness among other things.
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7575dafe-6fb6-4ecc-9740-6d907bb30595
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https://gowanusballroom.com/what-are-some-famous-numbers/
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Can anyone explain how Axis homing is intended to work with Mapp Robots? We have an axis wrapper that manages this typically, but on a machine we are working on currently we thought we could get away without having individual MpAxis Fubs and instead we are using only MpRobotFlex. We have Multi-turn absolute encoders and have setup the perm data on the drive, but it doesn't seem to work how I would expect. I thought the intention was that on bootup, if the endless position data was valid it would just automatically restore it, but we aren't seeing that; if we just trigger a robot "Home" it does a direct home.
This PR modifies AxisLib's reference FUB to handle restore pos homing modes diff…erently. The general idea is to leverage more of Mapp Motion's 'out-of-the-box' capabilities with Restore Pos homing:
- It still requires that the RestorePosition PV be passed in, but it commands a home default for axes that have a non-zero restore pos PV.
- This means that the RestorePosition PV _must_ also be linked in the drive's configuration for this to work.
- The reason it is still passed in to AxisLib is so that we can check whether or not the data is valid.
One of the core problems that we have with the default behavior of tying the data directly to the drive is that once it is initialized we can't change the data and restore a previous calibration. We backup our perm data to a file, so that we can restore it if the perm data gets corrupted, but there is not way to restore it once the drive takes over that data.
Hi Josh @c159699
this works as you expect but it may depend on the motion version you are using. I'm using 5.24 for the example below.
If you configure the RestorePosition homing mode and variable under the drive configuration…
the axes positions are restored after boot up and a Home command on the robot function block.
There is no need for the individual axis function block interaction or even the function block itself.
This obviously only works after the restore position variables have been initialized by homing each joint with a direct home for example in mappCockpit. Unlike in the past, there is also no other functions blocks required anymore.
I hope this makes sense! Maybe share your motion version and we go from there.
Hi Marcel! Thanks for the info. I think that does explain the behavior we see.
We currently have the homing mode set to "direct" on the drive. Our expected behavior is that if you give it a PV, if the data is valid it would restore it on boot up without requiring a home, and the home configured on the drive would be how to "calibrate" the home position.
Based on your explanation it seems like there is no built in way to "calibrate" without mapp cockpit or extra homing function blocks. Is that true?Based on your explanation it seems like there is no built in way to "calibrate" without mapp cockpit or extra homing function blocks. Is that true?Yes, if the PV was not mapped in the module configuration, you'll have to call MC_BR_InitHome_AcpAx / MC_BR_InitHome_StpAx by yourself! But I can't quite follow your question. If you are specifying the PV in the physical view, you don't have to call the InitFB and can just use the RestorePosition homing after the initial "calibration" homing. You just have to change the mode used in the software. Don't use mcDEFAULT, but depending on your usecase mcHOMING_DIRECT for the initial homing (e.g.) and mcHOMING_RESTORE_POSITION afterwards.
My main point is that the MpRobotFlex doesn't have a homing mode parameter.
All the other homing modes can be used completely with the block, but the restore position has 2 operations that need to be done
1: Initial calibration
2: Restore previous calibration
If we set up the physical view for restore, we have to write code to do the initial calibration.
If I understand correctly we have to call Home init to set the calibration homing parameters, then call home on each individual axis.
That's why my question was about the "intention". It seems like this could be improved by having the restore pos mode on the drive have a section for calibration homing mode, and a way to use it on MpRobotFlex. may not been a much known feature (I also didn't know for a long time), but that's not exactly true for MpAxisBasic. If you use MpAxisBasic and configure some homing mode AND connect a restore position variable, the axis will be automatically homed with restore position if the variable is valid.
You will see the IsHomed status of the MpAxisBasic going to true without ever giving a home command. If you need to calibrate your axis, you can just call MpAxisBasic.Home with mode default and it will use the configured mode.
@c159699 Josh, this is really a MpAxisBasic feature, as it is also an option on the MpAxisBasicParType structure to not use this feature. You could still just call the MpAxisBasic function blocks, but give all the commands on the MpRoboticsFlex function block. The MpAxisBasic FBs will then just give you this additional functionality.
Additionally the MpAxisBasic function blocks internally connect to the MpRobotics funtion blocks for the homing mode. As you may have seen, there are no homing parameters on the MpRobotics FBs. In order to set the homing parameters you can set the parameters on the MpAxisBasicParType parameters and call the MpRoboticsFlex.Home command.
[SECTION EDITED]
Otherwise it is also possible to use the MC_BR_GroupHome_N function block for homing.
For calibration you could set the mode to mcHOMING_DEFAULT to select the configured mode from physical.
For normal operation you could set the mode to mcHOMING_RESTORE_POSITION to use the configured restore PV of the physical view. If the PV is not valid, this will then fail and you know you will need a calibration. This is also the big advantage of configuring the restore position in the physical view, as you can just use the mcHOMING_RESTORE_POSITION mode without initializing it with function blocks.
Thanks Patrick, exactly! We had set up the physical axes to use that and I was surprised when MpRobotFlex had different behavior. It would be nice if MpRobotFlex had the same behavior so that we didn't have to use extra MpAxesBasic blocks. Maybe a future feature
At the same time it is not as simple for a whole robot as for a single axis. The restore position thing is no big issue, but how will you handle if it fails? How do you know which axis failed? Also, when you calibrate, you usually have to do it every axis at a time. So you cannot set a single homing mode or command for the whole robot anyway. This means that if you want to calibrate, you need to handle single axes anyways.
I would argue it is pretty simple, any axis that has a position that can be restored should do it automatically. If all the axes are homed then the robot is homed.
If there are any failures (invalid home data, error while homing, axes that aren't setup to Autohome… ) then the robot is not homed and you are in the same situation you are without that feature, with the exception that you can actually use the "Home" on the function block as if there was no restore position PV on the drive. Then the user can jog in the Axis Coordinate System to the home position and direct home (or do whatever the default homing is).
IBlockquote II'll try to clarify this, so you can decide what suits you best and have no doubt what happens inside:
when you use MpRobotFlex (or any other MpRobot FB) + MpAxisBasic for joint axis, then the robot FB detects the usage of MpAxisBasic. When Robot.Home command is set the homing parametrization will be based on the parameters assigned to each individual MpAxisBasic joint FB. This includes possibility that homing parameters including the RestorePositionVariable are solely defined in parameters structure and not configured. The homing is still executed in Robot scope which allow to use functionalities like configured homing order.
Additionally as already mentioned above by @patrick.tanner MpAxisBasic has a feature that during FB activation (Enable command) it automatically homes the axis with restore position mode when the data is valid. This can be disabled in Parameters when unwanted. So once calibration is done.
when the MpRobotFlex is used alone then the homing mode is the "Default" meaning each axis is homed based on current parametrization loaded from configuration. In this case you can still change the homing mode on runtime by MC_BR_ProcessParam or MC_BR_InitHome.
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c5e0cc7a-271e-4aef-84da-519733e97bc2
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https://community.br-automation.com/t/restore-position-with-mprobotflex/1432
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Time of Grace connects people to God's grace—his love, glory, and power—so they realize the temporary things of life don't satisfy. However, through Jesus we have access to the eternal God—right now and forever.
Welcome Bible App Users!
What's the Point? Trying to Find My P......
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657459c3-867b-4132-8468-0a0650c7676c
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https://watch.timeofgrace.org/all/videos/when-failure-and-struggles-are-good
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Powering Your Gadgets with Samsung 18650 Cells: A Comprehensive Guide
Powering Your Gadgets with Samsung 18650 Cells: A Comprehensive Guide
Are you tired of constantly replacing the batteries in your gadgets? Look no further than Samsung 18650 cells. These powerful and reliable lithium-ion batteries are a game-changer for powering all your electronic devices, from flashlights to electric vehicles. In this comprehensive guide, we'll dive into everything you need to know about 18650 cells – how they work, their benefits, how to choose the right one for your needs, and even tips on caring for them. Get ready to take your gadget game to the next level with Samsung 18650 cells!
What are 18650 cells?
18650 cells are cylindrical-shaped lithium-ion batteries that have become increasingly popular in recent years. The "18650" name comes from its dimensions – 18mm diameter and 65mm length. These cells can be found in a wide range of electronic devices, including laptops, flashlights, power banks, and even electric vehicles.
The construction of an 18650 cell consists of three main components: the cathode (positive electrode), the anode (negative electrode), and the electrolyte solution. When a voltage is applied to the electrodes, ions move through the electrolyte solution between them to create electrical energy.
One major advantage of using 18650 cells is their high energy density. They can store more energy per unit volume compared to other types of batteries on the market. This means you can power your gadgets for longer periods without needing to recharge or replace them as frequently.
Additionally, many manufacturers produce 18650 cells with high discharge rates and low internal resistance. This makes them ideal for applications requiring large bursts of power quickly, such as powering motors or operating LED lights at full brightness.
Samsung 18650 cells offer exceptional performance and durability for all your gadget needs. With so many benefits available from these powerful little batteries – why not give them a try?
How do 18650 cells work?
18650 cells are rechargeable lithium-ion batteries that have become increasingly popular in the tech world due to their high energy density, long life span and reliability. But how do these small yet powerful cells work?
At its core, 18650 cells work by utilizing a cathode and an anode separated by an electrolyte. When the battery is charged, lithium ions from the cathode move through the electrolyte towards the anode where they are stored as potential energy.
When it's time to use your device, such as your smartphone or laptop, the battery discharges this potential energy back into your gadget as electrical power. This process creates a flow of electrons from one side of the cell to another which powers your device.
One of the key advantages of 18650 cells is their ability to maintain consistent voltage levels throughout their discharge cycle. This means that devices powered by these batteries will often perform at optimal levels for longer periods than other types of rechargeable batteries.
In summary, 18650 cells utilize basic chemical reactions between electrodes and electrolytes to store and release electrical power efficiently over long periods of time. The result? Reliable performance for all kinds of gadgets!
What are the benefits of using 18650 cells?
18650 cells have become increasingly popular in powering gadgets such as flashlights, laptops, and even electric cars. One of the main benefits of using 18650 cells is their high energy density. Compared to other types of batteries, these cells can store more power per unit volume or weight.
Another advantage is their long lifespan. With proper care and maintenance, 18650 cells can last for hundreds of recharge cycles before needing replacement. This makes them a cost-effective choice for individuals who use electronic devices frequently.
Moreover, many 18650 cells are designed with built-in safety features that prevent overcharging and overheating. This ensures that your device stays safe during use and improves overall reliability.
Additionally, 18650 cells offer versatility in terms of voltage output options since they come in various capacities ranging from low to high discharge rates depending on the intended application.
Due to their cylindrical shape, these batteries are easy to handle and fit snugly into most battery compartments without requiring any additional modifications or adapters.
There are several benefits associated with using Samsung's 18650 cells including high energy density, long lifespan, built-in safety features among others which make them an excellent choice for powering your electronic gadgets efficiently.
How to choose the right 18650 cell for your needs
Choosing the right 18650 cell can be a daunting task, as there are many factors to consider. Before making your choice, it is essential to determine what you need from your battery.
Firstly, you should consider what device or gadget you will be using the battery for and its power requirements. This information will help determine the capacity and discharge rate needed for optimal performance.
Next, it's important to check the manufacturer's specifications for each cell. Each cell has different ratings that indicate how much current they can deliver before overheating or becoming damaged.
Another factor to consider is whether you require protected or unprotected cells. Protected cells have built-in safety features that prevent overcharging, while unprotected cells do not but offer higher capacity and output rates.
Choosing between lithium-ion (Li-ion) and lithium-polymer (Li-Po) batteries depends on personal preference since both offer similar performance levels with slight differences in size and weight.
By considering these factors when selecting an 18650 cell for your needs, you'll be able to make an informed decision that ensures optimal performance of your gadgets without compromising safety.
How to care for your 18650 cells
Proper care and maintenance of your Samsung 18650 cells are important to ensure the longevity and efficiency of their performance. Here are some tips on how you can take good care of your batteries:
Firstly, avoid exposing them to high temperatures or direct sunlight as this may cause them to overheat or even explode. Store them in a cool dry place instead.
Secondly, always recharge your batteries before they run out completely. This prevents any damage caused by over-discharging and maximizes their lifespan.
Thirdly, use only compatible chargers designed for 18650 cells with the correct voltage range. Any mismatched charger could result in overheating or even damaging the battery permanently.
Fourthly, inspect your batteries regularly for any physical damages like dents or leaks which could indicate internal problems that need attention from a professional technician.
Dispose of old or damaged batteries properly according to local regulations as they contain hazardous chemicals that can harm the environment if not handled correctly.
By following these simple steps, you can prolong the life span of your Samsung 18650 cells while ensuring their safety and reliability when powering up all your gadgets!
Conclusion
To sum up, Samsung 18650 cells are a reliable and efficient way to power your gadgets. With their high capacity, long lifespan, and low cost per cycle, they offer an excellent value for money. By understanding how these cells work and taking care of them properly, you can get the most out of your devices while minimizing the environmental impact.
Whether you're using 18650 cells in flashlights, vaporizers, or other electronics, there's no doubt that they provide a superior performance compared to other types of batteries. Just remember to choose the right cell for your needs based on its specifications and ratings.
With this comprehensive guide to powering your gadgets with Samsung 18650 cells, you should be well-equipped to make informed decisions about which batteries will best suit your needs. So go ahead and give them a try – we think you'll be pleasantly surprised by just how much power these little cells can deliver!
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https://www.rackbattery.com/powering-your-gadgets-with-samsung-18650-cells-a-comprehensive-guide/
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Cat Trees For Large Cats (A BUYERS GUIDE 2024)
01 Jan Cat Trees For Large Cats (A BUYERS GUIDE 2024)
In the world of humans, we predominantly live and interact within a horizontal plane, save for the more adventurous spirits among us. This contrasts starkly with the lives of indoor cats, who naturally gravitate towards a vertical existence at every chance they get.
This preference for verticality is deeply rooted in their wild instincts. Elevated spaces offer cats a solitary refuge, a discreet vantage point to observe the world, and a strategic position for hunting. Beyond these practical reasons, height plays a significant role in feline social dynamics. In a multi-cat household, the feline occupying the highest perch often enjoys a status akin to royalty. This behavior is the origin of the phrase 'top cat.'
When it comes to large domestic cats, such as Maine Coons, providing ample vertical space isn't just a luxury—it's essential. Cat trees designed for larger breeds cater to both their physical size and their unique behavioral needs. These trees offer the necessary mental and physical stimulation to keep such cats content and healthy.
Maine Coons, with their majestic size and playful nature, are a prime example. Despite their energetic demeanor, akin to the endless vitality of a Duracell bunny, they too need their own space to wind down. A well-designed cat tree for a Maine Coon should include features like kitty condos or platforms, offering them a private retreat for those much-needed cat naps.
For households blessed with multiple feline members, a large cat tree with various levels becomes even more crucial. It provides a physical representation of the hierarchy within the 'clowder,' allowing each cat to establish and respect territorial boundaries. The most dominant cat typically claims the highest perch, while others find their place lower down. This not only helps in defining social order but also in minimizing physical altercations during the early stages of their relationships.
For more timid breeds like Ragdolls and Persians, a large cat tree is a haven. It offers them a sanctuary from the bustling activity of a busy home, a safe place where they can observe yet remain removed from any potential chaos. Thus, a cat tree for large cats isn't merely an accessory; it's a fundamental component of creating a harmonious and nurturing environment for these majestic creatures.
Once they have been fully introduced to their large cat tree, you will struggle to get them off as they will become accustomed to their new environment very quickly and in-turn, become relaxed and docile.
It may be a good idea to keep your new large cat tree away from any windows during the first stages of introduction as sudden movements may scare them.
Another fantastic benefit of Cat Trees For Large Cats is that they can instantly increase the size of your felines territory! If you are tight for space, then a cat tree can immediately add vertical space to their environment. A much better solution than watching your feline climb up the side of your kitchen cabinets.
Felines are not always happy to share their cosy, private space with others on a window sill for example. But, a large cat tree provides separate areas within a single environment so they will feel much happier and not feel as if their space is being intruded upon.
A good quality Cat Trees For Large Cats will last for many years, so investing in a strong and robust cat tree is incredibly important.
Most Cat Trees For Large Cats you can find on the market today will be connected together by large scratching posts which tend to wrapped in natural sisal rope. Just like a cats natural desire to get up high, they also need to scratch and sharpen their claws.
Sisal rope can always be replaced on large cat trees, so the frame will not need to be replaced although sisal rope is very strong and can survive many years of feline claw abuse!
As you have a large feline on your hands, there are certain cat trees which have been made specifically to cater for a large cats needs. For example, try and avoid purchasing a cat tree which has smaller platforms or perches. You fussy feline will want to feel safe and secure as they lounge around all day, watching the world go by.
They will not feel relaxed if they are worrying about slipping off a high platform. Or, if their back legs are precariously dangling off the back of the platform. This can be uncomfortable or obvious reason!
Ideally, try and find a large cat tree that has perches which are a 'U' shape, so that your feline can feel secure within the ledge. The vast majority of cats ike to back themselves up against certain object when they are relaxing, particularly when they are higher up as it allows them to feel secure.
Choosing a large and luxury cat tree which is secure, sturdy and safe is vital and ensuring that the cat tree can withstand the weight of a large cat is also very important as they can cause trouble if not, especially when large cats leap from platform to platform.
Selecting the ideal location for your large cat tree is a crucial decision. Once your cat becomes familiar with their cat tree, gradually moving it near a window can be beneficial. For indoor cats, the view of the outside world offers valuable stimulation and contentment, as they get to observe the daily happenings from the safety of their indoor environment.
If there are children in the household, it's important to educate them early on about the significance of the cat tree to your feline. They should understand that when the cat is on the tree, it usually prefers to be left undisturbed. Although it can be challenging, ensuring that your cat feels safe and unbothered on their cat tree is essential for their well-being.
Sleep is a significant aspect of a cat's life. Many cats can sleep up to 15 hours a day, deeply enjoying their slumber. Therefore, it's vital to ensure that their resting periods are as comfortable as possible. When looking for cat trees for large cats, seek out ones that feature multiple kitty condos or cubby-holes. These provide cozy spots for your cat to recharge. This is particularly important for older cats, who may spend more time resting and less time playing.
The strength and sturdiness of the cat tree cannot be overstated. A poorly constructed large cat tree can be hazardous. To prevent accidents, it's imperative to choose one with a solid, stable structure. Remember, your cat will likely use their tree every day for leaping, jumping, scratching, and playing. This daily wear and tear necessitates a cat tree that can withstand such activity, especially for larger breeds. Therefore, when selecting a cat tree for a large cat, durability and safety should be top priorities to ensure the long-term enjoyment and safety of your feline friend.
We take immense pride in offering the most extensive selection of large cat trees in the UK. The array you see above represents just a fraction of the products we have available for sale. We ensure a swift delivery service, promising to get these products to your doorstep within three working days anywhere in the UK.
To explore our complete collection of large cat trees, we invite you to browse our website. Here, you'll find a vast variety of robust and durable cat trees, each designed to cater to the needs of larger cat breeds. Our range is carefully curated to provide options that not only meet but exceed your expectations in terms of quality and functionality.
At Cat Tree UK, we are committed to offering our customers the best value. We guarantee the lowest prices on the market for our giant cat trees. And in the unlikely event that you find any of our products priced lower elsewhere, we won't just match the price – we'll beat it. Additionally, as a token of our commitment to your satisfaction, we'll also send you complimentary toys with your purchase. Our goal is to ensure that you and your feline friends are completely delighted with your experience and the products you receive from us.
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PRICE MATCH
If you find a lower price for any of our 'in-stock' products, we will match the price and send
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https://cattree.uk/cat-trees-for-large-cats-2024/
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Who makes up the Deaf community?
Cultural Community
During this lesson we consider who makes up the Deaf community and how one's audiological, political, social, or linguistic attitudes impact their experience in the Deaf community.
There is no one description that defines who is a member of the Deaf Community but there are different degrees to which Deaf individuals are members of this cultural and linguistic minority group.
Reflecting on the medical, social, and cultural models helps us to see the Deaf community through different perspectives. Adapting the cultural model allows us to understand and create space for the Deaf community and enjoy an environment of acceptance and inclusion for everyone.
We can look at membership in the Deaf community from these four perspectives:
The member's level of deafness.
The member's circle of friends and the activities they engage in.
The member's rights and benefits that affect their access within society.
The member's language preferences and use.
Understanding culture allows us to better appreciate the richness and complexity of the Deaf community. Click on "Flip Card" on the flashcard below to review the definition of culture.
Culture
A group with shared identity, language, history, values, beliefs, behaviors, and practices.
The ways a group of people express themselves through language, art, customs, and traditions.
There are three common models or perspectives within which to see the Deaf community:
Puts the responsibility on the Deaf individual to conform to hearing norms. This model does not address society's barriers and lack of communication access.
Shifts the focus from deafness to removing barriers in society. This model leads to laws being passed that ensure communication access but does little to change society's perspective of the Deaf community.
Recognizes that the Deaf community has a rich culture with a beautiful language and unique perspective. This model creates space for the Deaf community in society.
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https://deafservicesunlimited.com/lesson/cultural-community/
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Should I contact a dermatologist for suspicious lesions?
One of the most common cancers diagnosed today is skin cancer. Fortunately, skin cancer can be easily detected as it is one of the few visible cancers that can occur. To ensure safe recover and better health, patients should visit their dermatologist at Harris Dermatology once a year for a skin cancer screening. This screening is a head-to-toe assessment of a patient's skin and body to look for suspicious lesions that may indicate the presence of skin cancer. However, what does a patient do between screenings if they notice a suspicious lesion?
When should I visit a dermatologist for a suspicious lesion?
Suspicious growths, lesions, or wounds that refuse to heal may be a sign of skin cancer. Because skin cancer is best treated at its earliest stages before it spreads or becomes more severe, patients should contact their dermatologist as soon as they notice these changes. This may be between skin cancer screenings. At Harris Dermatology, we want our patients to be proactive in the care of their skin and body, and we welcome individuals who are concerned about suspicious lesions.
What should I look for in a suspicious lesions?
Skin cancer may present itself in a variety of ways. It may be a wound that does not heal properly. This wound may continually scan and bleed. These lesions should definitely be evaluated by a professional. Additionally, the most serious skin cancer, melanoma, is often present on existing moles. Moles themselves are not cancerous, but if changes begin to occur in their shape, size, color, and borders, this may be a concern.
What to expect during a skin cancer screening
Patients should allow plenty of time for their skin cancer screening appointment with the dermatologists at Harris Dermatology. One of our trained doctors will evaluate the patient's body for signs of skin cancer. Patients should also bring to attention any suspicious lesions they would like further assessed. If suspicious lesions are found and may be indicative of cancer, the doctor may perform a biopsy. This is the removal of a thin portion of the growth or lesion to send to a laboratory for further evaluation. If skin cancer cells are found, the patient will work with their dermatologist to determine the best course of treatment for their unique situation.
Contact Harris Dermatology today
Patients in the areas of Fort Myers and Naples, FL who have suspicious lesions they want evaluated are welcome to book an appointment with Drs. Brian Harris, H. Ross Harris, and Keith Harris of Harris Dermatology. New and current patients are invited to our practice for comprehensive, quality skin care solutions.
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https://harrisdermatology.com/news/should-i-contact-a-dermatologist-for-suspicious-lesions/
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Wholesale Distribution Erp Software
In the fast-paced realm of wholesale distribution, the integration of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software has become a cornerstone for operational excellence. This article delves into the essential features and benefits of wholesale distribution ERP software, highlighting its transformative impact on the efficiency and competitiveness of businesses in this sector.
Unveiling the Landscape of Wholesale Distribution
Wholesale distribution is a complex and dynamic industry characterized by intricate supply chains, large inventories, and the need for streamlined processes. Wholesale distribution ERP software is designed to address the unique challenges of this sector, providing comprehensive solutions for managing inventory, orders, and logistics.
As the landscape of wholesale distribution continues to evolve, the role of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software becomes increasingly pivotal. This article explores the emerging trends and advancements in wholesale distribution ERP software, shedding light on how businesses can stay ahead by embracing innovative solutions.
Charting the Course: Navigating the Future with ERP Innovation
In conclusion, the future of wholesale distribution is intricately linked to the innovative advancements in ERP software. By embracing cloud-based solutions, integrating emerging technologies, and prioritizing customer-centric features, businesses can chart a course towards sustained success. The continuous evolution of ERP systems, coupled with a commitment to cybersecurity and advanced analytics, positions wholesale distribution for a future of agility, efficiency, and competitiveness in a dynamic marketplace.
Elevating Wholesale Distribution: A Conclusion
In conclusion, wholesale distribution ERP software emerges as a strategic asset for businesses seeking to elevate their operational efficiency and responsiveness. By incorporating features that optimize inventory management, streamline order processing, and provide actionable insights, wholesale distribution ERP software positions organizations to thrive in the competitive landscape. The scalability, automation capabilities, and security measures inherent in these solutions contribute to sustained success and resilience in the dynamic world of wholesale distribution.
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https://duniacm.com/wholesale-distribution-erp-software/
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900D fire retardant fabric wholesale customization
900D fire retardant fabric wholesale customization 900D Oxford fabric has a yarn count of 900D, a density of 13*10, and a weight of 260g/m2. 900D Oxford fabric is thick, high-strength, and has good wear resista…
900D fire retardant fabric wholesale customization
900D Oxford fabric has a yarn count of 900D, a density of 13*10, and a weight of 260g/m2. 900D Oxford fabric is thick, high-strength, and has good wear resistance and wrinkle resistance.
900D Oxford cloth itself does not have fire-proof and flame-retardant functions. Instead, a self-developed flame retardant is added in the post-finishing process. This 900D fire-proof and flame-retardant cloth is based on different At present, our company has customers in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Xiamen and other countries doing this.
How to judge the fire retardant effect of 900D fire retardant fabric?
The flame retardant Oxford cloth oxygen index is being tested
The oxygen index can be passed To judge: Flame-retardant cloth requires oxygen to burn. The oxygen index is an expression of the oxygen required for fiber burning. Therefore, the flame-retardant performance of the flame-retardant cloth can be determined by measuring the oxygen index. The higher the oxygen index, the oxygen required to maintain combustion. The higher the concentration, the more difficult it is to burn: this index can be expressed by the small volume percentage of oxygen required by the sample to maintain candle-like combustion in a nitrogen and oxygen mixed gas. If the oxygen index is less than 20%, it is a flammable fiber; if the oxygen index is between 20 and 26%, it is a flammable fiber; if the oxygen index is between 26 and 34%, it is a flame-retardant fiber; if the oxygen index is above 35%, it is a non-flammable fiber.
To learn more about fire-resistant Oxford fabric, please consult textile customer service or call the hotline:.
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https://www.tradetextile.com/archives/78086
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What to Expect During a Contact Lens Fitting
What to Expect During a Contact Lens Fitting
What to Expect During a Contact Lens Fitting
What to Expect During a Contact Lens Fitting
What to Expect During a Contact Lens Fitting
Contact lenses are a simple and convenient option to improve eyesight without eyeglasses. If you are thinking of getting your first pair of contact lenses or renewing your prescription, the contacts must fit your eyes correctly. It is important to see your doctor for a proper contact lens fitting to go over the best options for you and your lifestyle needs.
What Happens During a Contact Lens Fitting?
During your contact lens fitting, your optometrist will examine your eye health and do a contact lens eye exam. The exams will assess eye health and the quality of your eyesight.
The eye doctor will also measure your eye's surface and determine your cornea's curve. Based on these results, your eye doctor will suggest the best type of contact lenses to wear. Additionally, the eye doctor will examine your eye and tear duct to determine if you have an eye disease.
If you have dry eye disease or other eye health concerns, your optometrist will prescribe suitable contact lenses. If you cannot wear contact lenses, your eye doctor will suggest other fitting treatments to improve your eyesight and eye health.
Teach you how to wear and store your contact lenses securely and sanitarily.
Suggest a wearing schedule that is consistent with the manufacturer's instructions.
Your eye doctor will also tell you how long your fitting duration will last. The period should be long enough for you to adjust to the contact lenses.
During the fitting period, your eye doctor will monitor your progress and address any changes in your eye health until they decide you are good to go. That is until your eye doctor decides you do not need any more follow-up visits other than your routine eye checkups.
How Long is a Contact Lens Fitting?
A contact-lens fitting appointment will vary and is dependent on the type of lens and if there are any health issues present.
Is Putting on Contact Lenses Painful?
Wearing contact lenses should never hurt. At first, they may feel uncomfortable as your eyes adjust, but they should not be painful. Inform your eye doctor right away if your contact lenses hurt.
How Do You Prepare for a Contact Lens Fitting?
To prepare for a contact lens fitting, you need to schedule an eye exam with your eye doctor. The results from the eye exam will tell you whether contact lenses are suitable for you and the type of contacts you need. Also, think about your lifestyle and what kind of contact lenses will suit you. Do you prefer wearing extended-wear contacts or those you can throw away daily or weekly?
Likewise, can you take care of your eye health and contact lenses? Contact lenses require proper care and maintenance. Otherwise, they may hurt your eyes. Contact lenses may not be a good idea if you will not use and care for them well.
For more on what to expect during a contact lens fitting, visit the Eye Center of Virginia at our office in Williamsburg, Virginia. Call (757) 919-3500 to schedule an appointment today.
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https://www.eyecenterofvirginia.com/blog/a-contact-lens-fitting.html
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The Earliest settlement in Nigeria was formed in roughly 800 BCE at Jos plateau by the NOK people. Their Civilization and culture continued to expand until the 1400s, when Portuguese explorers reached the western coast of Africa. This Contact led to the Atlantic slave trade.
Pupils pay attention and participate
STEP 3
DEMONSTRATION
She describes the Atlantic Slave Trade
Pupils pay attention and participate
STEP 4
NOTE TAKING
The teacher writes a short note on the board for the pupils to copy
The pupils copy the note from the board
NOTE
The Early Residents in Nigeria.
The Earliest settlement in Nigeria was formed in roughly 800 BCE at Jos plateau by the NOK people. Their Civilization and culture continued to expand until the 1400s, when Portuguese explorers reached the western coast of Africa. This Contract led to the Atlantic slave trade.
The Atlantic Slave Trade
The Atlantic Slave trade involved Europeans taking slaves from Africa and travelling to the Americas to sell them. They would return to Europe with the money before leaving for Africa again to get more slaves. This trade sent millions of Africans to the Americas for the next 200 years.
EVALUATION: 1. Explain the First Civilization in Nigeria
Explain the Atlantic Slave Trade
State the first Europeans to make contact with Nigeria.
CLASSWORK: As in evaluation
CONCLUSION: The teacher marks their books and commends them positively
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https://lessonotes.com/v2/primary-5/lesson-notes-for-primary-5-1st-term-week-1-history-topic-is-british-rule-in-nigeria.html
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School Choice Is Good for Teachers, Too
Doug Tuthill is the president of Step Up for Students, a nonprofit organization that helps administer Florida's tax-credit-scholarship program for low-income students.
With her recent passing, Marva Collins is being remembered for her glorious educational crusade to turn around the lives of low-income black children in Chicago. It's also worth remembering how she chose to do this. She cashed in her teacher-pension savings in the 1970s to start her own private school. With it, she combined a no-excuses attitude with high standards, strict discipline, and love—and got amazing results with limited resources.
In other words, Collins was empowered by school choice.
Twenty-five years after Milwaukee put private school vouchers on the map, a majority of states now have some form of private school choice. Just this year, Arkansas created its first voucher program, and Indiana expanded its voucher and tax-credit-scholarship programs. Five states either created or expanded education savings accounts, including Florida, which tripled funding for its program; and Nevada, which spawned the nation's most inclusive program, available to more than 90 percent of its students.
These opportunities are created, first and foremost, to give parents the power to choose the educational options that are best for their children. But teachers benefit as well, even if the story lines seldom mention them.
Getty/Getty
As choice expands, teachers will see more opportunities to create and/or work in educational models that hew to their vision and values, maximize their expertise, and result in better outcomes for students. Increasingly, they'll be able to bypass the red tape and micromanagement that plague too many district schools and serve students who are not finding success. In short, they'll be able to better shape their destinies, and the destinies of their students.
I should know. I'm a lifelong educator and former teachers' union president who now heads a nonprofit that administers the nation's largest private school choice program. I have seen firsthand how all forms of school choice can offer teachers more opportunities to innovate.
My home state of Florida is brimming with examples. In June, ABC's "World News Tonight" put a national spotlight on a particularly inspiring one: the Human Experience school in Orlando, Fla. Doing their best impression of Marva Collins, teachers Danita Jones and Nate Smith started the one-class, one-grade, micro-school last fall by pouring in their life savings and getting an assist from tax-credit scholarships. Why the urgency? "If you were standing on the side of the pool and saw someone drowning, would you jump in to save them?" Jones told ABC. "Lack of access to quality education—you might as well be drowning in a pool."
Florida teachers now have more power than ever to improve access to quality education by creating, leading, and teaching in their own schools. And it's because no state has done more to expand educational choice. Florida is among the top handful of states when it comes to the number of charter schools and charter school students. It is home to the nation's biggest tax-credit-scholarship program and the second-largest program of education savings accounts. It has the largest voucher program for students with disabilities and the second-largest pre-K voucher program. All told, these programs of school choice serve about a half-million students.
I have seen firsthand how all forms of school choice can offer teachers more opportunities to innovate."
Florida also now has more than 40,000 teachers who do not work for school districts. Nearly 14,000 of them work in charter schools, which surpasses the public school teaching workforce in nine other states. At the nonprofit I lead, we routinely hear stories of teachers who migrate from district schools to private schools. They're choosing these options for the same reason parents are—because they offer a better fit for their individual needs.
The world is full of square pegs. As long as public education remains highly centralized, it's inevitable that somebody's vision for what is best will be imposed on somebody who bitterly disagrees, and some students who would benefit from one approach will be jammed into another. Decentralization through expanded choice is the best remedy, and not just for students. Some teachers work well with large bureaucracies, some don't. Choice gives them the opportunity to find or create schools that play to their strengths and interests.
In a growing number of states, pathways are increasing for teachers to do just that. Those who take them are finding a rich landscape where technology and customization are driving diversity. New programs, such as Course Access, give teachers innovative platforms to think out of the box—and out of the schoolhouse. Meanwhile, tools like education savings accounts, better known as ESAs, give parents direct access to all the educational services their children may need, including teacher-run schools. ESAs can benefit teachers and families the way Uber has helped drivers and passengers—by kicking middlemen to the curb.
As this drive for teacher and parent empowerment accelerates, I have no doubt the opportunities for teacher leadership will grow. For the time being, teachers' unions will continue advocating centralized management systems that use collective bargaining to impose one-size-fits-all solutions. But eventually the unions, too, will evolve and find ways to serve teachers who are thriving in other environments. Instead of uniform salary schedules, for example, they'll help teachers be free agents, similar to what professional-sports unions have done for their members. Instead of only supporting district-run schools, they'll help teachers start and manage their own schools.
Like Marva Collins, some passionate and enterprising educators will always find ways to create their own models. But as more states crack open the doors to educational choice, it's easy to envision an army of Marva Collinses charging through.
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https://www.edweek.org/leadership/opinion-school-choice-is-good-for-teachers-too/2015/08?cmp=SOC-SHR-TW
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The 1977–78 season, which ended earlier than usual due to the upcoming World Cup in Argentina, ended with 1. FC Köln winning the title, but the decision had been closer than anybody would have imagined. The team from Cologne was level on points with Borussia Mönchengladbach before the final round of matches of the season, but had a ten-goal lead in goal difference over their rivals. Nevertheless, Mönchengladbach managed to close the gap with a 12–0 victory in their last match against Borussia Dortmund. However, the team around Jupp Heynckes and Berti Vogts missed out on the title by three goals because Köln won 5–0 against FC St. Pauli at the same time.
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What is Punk Fashion and Why Was It So Popular?
Dec 06, 2023
Introduction
Punk fashion, a rebellious and iconic movement that emerged in the 1970s, has left an indelible mark on the world of style. In this article, we will delve into the roots of punk fashion, explore its unique characteristics, and unravel the reasons behind its widespread popularity.
Characteristics of Punk Fashion
DIY Aesthetics
Punk fashion is synonymous with the "do it yourself" (DIY) ethos, encouraging individuals to create their own clothing and accessories. This self-expression became a powerful form of rebellion.
Appropriation Concerns
Balancing Individuality and Conformity
Navigating the fine line between individuality and conformity within punk fashion poses challenges, requiring a nuanced understanding of its diverse expressions.
The Global Reach of Punk Fashion
International Subcultures
Punk fashion transcended borders, giving rise to diverse international subcultures that adapted its aesthetic to local contexts.
Local Adaptations
Communities around the world embraced punk fashion, incorporating local influences and creating unique expressions of rebellion.
Celebrating Diversity in Punk Fashion
Inclusivity and Acceptance
Punk fashion celebrates diversity, fostering a sense of inclusivity and acceptance for individuals with varied styles and backgrounds.
Embracing Different Styles
From minimalist interpretations to maximalist expressions, punk fashion embraces a spectrum of styles, showcasing its versatility.
Conclusion
In conclusion, punk fashion's enduring legacy is a testament to its powerful impact on fashion and culture. From its DIY ethos to its role in breaking gender norms, punk fashion continues to shape the way we perceive and express individuality.
FAQs
Is punk fashion still relevant today?
Absolutely! Elements of punk fashion persist in modern trends, influencing designers and resonating with those seeking alternative styles.
How did punk fashion influence mainstream designers?
Punk fashion's rebellious spirit and unique aesthetic have inspired countless designers, leading to its integration into mainstream fashion.
Are there regional variations in punk fashion?
Yes, punk fashion has adapted to local cultures, giving rise to diverse regional expressions and subcultures.
What role did punk music play in shaping punk fashion?
Punk music was integral to the development of punk fashion, influencing not only style but also the movement's rebellious attitude.
Can anyone embrace punk fashion, or is it exclusive to a certain group?
Punk fashion is inclusive and open to interpretation, welcoming individuals from all walks of life to express themselves.
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https://triesti.com/blogs/news/what-is-punk-fashion-and-why-was-it-so-popular
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Social Media for Automotive Enthusiasts: Tips for Building a High-Octane Community
Automotive enthusiasts are a passionate and diverse group of people who share a love for all things car-related, whether it's classic muscle cars, sleek sports cars, or rugged off-roaders. Social media provides an excellent platform for connecting with fellow car lovers and building a community where you can share your knowledge, experiences, and passion.
In this blog post, we'll explore various strategies to help you create a high-octane online community for automotive enthusiasts, focusing on providing value, fostering engagement, and promoting growth.
1. Define Your Automotive Niche
The world of automobiles is vast and varied, so it's essential to identify the specific area that interests you the most. This could be a particular make or model, a specific era of automotive history, or a focus on car culture or motorsports. By selecting a niche, you'll be able to create targeted content that resonates with your audience and establishes your authority within the automotive community.
2. Share High-Quality, Engaging Content
The key to a successful online community is to consistently provide valuable, informative, and entertaining content. Share articles on the latest automotive news, in-depth reviews of new and classic cars, and guides on car maintenance or modifications. Don't forget to include captivating visuals, such as photos and videos, to create a more engaging user experience. Be sure to use an authentic and conversational tone to connect with your audience on a personal level.
3. Harness the Power of Social Media Platforms
Expand your reach by utilizing multiple social media platforms, such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and YouTube. Each platform offers unique features and opportunities for sharing different types of content. For example, Instagram is ideal for showcasing stunning car photography, while YouTube allows you to share in-depth video reviews or DIY tutorials. By diversifying your content, you'll be able to engage a broader audience and cater to their varying preferences.
4. Encourage Interaction and Collaboration
An active and engaged community is vital for long-term success. Encourage your followers to share their own automotive experiences, opinions, and content. Create opportunities for collaboration, such as car meetups, online forums, or group projects. Respond to comments and messages in a timely manner to show your appreciation and foster a sense of community among your audience.
Social Media for Automotive Enthusiasts
5. Connect with Industry Influencers and Experts
Partnering with automotive influencers, journalists, and experts can lend credibility to your community and provide valuable content for your followers. Collaborate on guest posts, interviews, or joint projects to expose your audience to new perspectives and experiences. In turn, these partnerships can help expand your reach within the automotive community.
7. Stay Consistent and Committed
Building a thriving online community requires time, dedication, and persistence. Maintain a regular posting schedule, engage with your audience frequently, and be open to feedback and suggestions. Stay true to your passion for all things automotive, and with time, your community will grow and flourish.
Conclusion:
Creating an online community for automotive enthusiasts is an exciting and rewarding endeavor that allows you to connect with like-minded individuals, share your passion, and learn from others. By focusing on providing high-quality content, engaging with your audience, and leveraging the potential of social media, you'll be well on your way to building a high-octane community that fuels the passion of car lovers around the world. So, shift gears, put the pedal to the metal, and embark on this exhilarating journey to create an automotive community that makes a lasting impact on the lives of its members.
By staying consistent, forming strategic partnerships, and continuously refining your content strategy, your online community will become a valuable resource and meeting point for fellow automotive enthusiasts. As your community grows and evolves, you'll have the opportunity to create lasting connections, learn from others, and share your own knowledge and experiences within the world of cars.
So, get ready to start your engines and drive your passion for automobiles into the fast lane. With dedication, hard work, and a genuine love for all things automotive, you'll be able to build a thriving online community that brings together car lovers from around the globe, united by their shared enthusiasm and passion for the automotive world. Title: Social Media for Automotive Enthusiasts: Tips for Building a High-Octane Community
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https://www.wecreatesocialmediacontent.com/social-media-for-automotive-enthusiasts/
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What Does Order Entry Mean ?
Curious about how online trading works? Order entry is a crucial part of the process. From market orders to stop-limit orders, there are various types to explore. But how does it all come together?
In this article, we'll break down the different order entry types, how they work, and the benefits and risks involved. Plus, we'll dive into some real-life examples to help you understand the concept better. So, let's get started!
What Is Order Entry?
Order entry in finance refers to the systematic process of entering trade orders for stocks, securities, or other financial instruments into a trading platform.
This process plays a crucial role in trading activities as it enables asset and portfolio managers to efficiently manage investment decisions by executing buy or sell orders. Order entry is essential in financial markets as it assists in maintaining transparency, accuracy, and speed in executing trades, contributing to the overall liquidity and efficiency of markets.
With advancements in financial technology, order entry systems have become more automated and integrated, allowing for faster and more precise trade execution, which is vital in today's dynamic and fast-paced trading environment.
What Are the Types of Order Entry?
Order entry encompasses different types of orders designed for executing trades effectively, including market orders, limit orders, and others, each offering distinct advantages for traders.
Market orders are perhaps the most straightforward type of order where traders simply buy or sell at the current market price. On the other hand, limit orders allow traders to set a specific price at which they are willing to buy or sell, providing greater control over the execution price. These order types play a critical role in trading platforms by facilitating the execution of trading strategies efficiently, especially when integrated with algorithmic trading and order routing systems.
Market Order
A market order is an order to buy or sell a security immediately at the best available current price, commonly executed on a stock exchange or trading platform.
This type of order is popular among traders looking for quick execution as market orders ensure that the trade gets filled promptly without the need to set a specific price.
It is important to note that due to the instant execution nature of market orders, there may be a price impact. This means that the trade may get executed at a slightly different price from the last quoted price, especially in cases of high trading volume where liquidity might be lower.
Market orders play a crucial role in stock exchanges by providing liquidity and contributing to the order matching process, enhancing the efficiency of trading.
Limit Order
A limit order is a type of order that allows traders to specify a price at which to buy or sell an asset, often used by asset managers and investors to control execution prices.
This price constraint distinguishes limit orders from market orders, ensuring that the trade will only be executed at the specified price or better. By taking advantage of the order book to understand market dynamics, traders can strategically place limit orders to optimize their entry and exit points. One of the key benefits of using limit orders is the ability to avoid sudden price changes that can impact the overall investment strategy. Asset managers often employ limit orders as part of their risk management and investment optimization techniques to enhance order fulfillment and achieve specific price targets.
Stop Order
A stop order is an order type used to limit losses or protect gains by automatically triggering a market order when a specified price level is reached, crucial for risk management and compliance purposes.
Stop-Limit Order
A stop-limit order combines features of stop orders and limit orders, triggering a limit order once a specified price is reached, with clearing and settlement processes ensuring execution.
These orders serve a dual functionality by providing a set price at which the trade is executed, while also acting as a safety net to limit potential losses.
To execute a stop-limit order successfully, traders must pay attention to their order confirmation, as it signals the submission of the order to the brokerage. Monitoring the order status is crucial to ensure compliance with the market conditions and to adjust the order if necessary.
Clearing and settlement procedures play a vital role in completing these orders, facilitating the transfer of securities and funds between the involved parties.
Trailing Stop Order
A trailing stop order is a dynamic order type that adjusts the stop price as the market price fluctuates, utilizing order routing mechanisms to maintain liquidity and optimize execution.
This adaptive nature of trailing stop orders allows traders to set a percentage or dollar amount below the current market price, providing a risk management tool that automatically adjusts to market movements.
By leveraging the order flow within an order management system, traders can secure profits while protecting against downside risk.
The real-time trading capabilities of trailing stop orders enable efficient trade execution by ensuring that orders are executed at the optimal price levels, utilizing the order routing system to interact with various liquidity providers in the market.
How Does Order Entry Work?
The process of order entry involves systematically placing trade orders, executing them based on specified criteria, and confirming the transaction details for accurate settlement.
Once the customer requests come in, the trading desk is responsible for inputting the orders into the order management system. This system then takes over the execution mechanisms to ensure that the orders are carried out efficiently. Following execution, the confirmation process kicks in to verify the trade details and provide documentation of the transaction for both parties involved. This entire order management process plays a crucial role in maintaining transparency and accuracy in the trading environment.
Placing an Order
Placing an order involves specifying whether to buy or sell a particular asset, defining the quantity and price parameters for the trade.
Once you have decided to initiate a transaction, the next step is determining the quantity of the asset you wish to buy or sell. This quantity can be a specific number of shares or units, depending on the asset being traded.
Setting the price parameters is crucial, as it helps you determine the maximum price you are willing to pay or the minimum price you are willing to accept for the transaction. Utilizing a reliable trading platform can streamline this process by providing real-time data to help you make informed decisions.
Order Execution
Order execution is the process of matching buy and sell orders to complete transactions, influenced by factors such as trading volume and the availability of equity in the market.
When a trader places an order, it enters the market to be matched with other buy or sell orders based on the order type chosen, whether it be market orders, limit orders, or stop orders. The matching process is crucial in determining the execution price of the trade, as orders are fulfilled based on the best available prices at that moment.
Trading volume plays a significant role in order execution, with higher trading activity potentially leading to faster order fulfillment but also increased price volatility. Equity availability is essential as it ensures that there are enough shares to complete the order, especially in times of high demand.
Confirmation and Settlement
After order execution, confirmation verifies the trade details, leading to settlement where ownership of securities or derivatives is transferred based on the executed orders.
This confirmation and settlement process plays a crucial role in the financial services industry by ensuring that transactions are accurately finalized. Through the confirmation stage, discrepancies can be rectified, and both parties involved can agree on the terms of the trade.
Once the details are confirmed, settlement takes place where the actual transfer of ownership occurs. This process is vital for maintaining transparency and trust in trading activities.
In the world of finance, the order book serves as a record of all buy and sell orders, providing valuable information for market participants.
What Are the Benefits of Using Order Entry?
Utilizing order entry offers several advantages, including speed, efficiency, and accuracy in trade execution, leading to automation and cost savings for investors.
By streamlining the order routing process, investors can benefit from faster execution times, ensuring they secure optimal execution prices. The automation provided by order entry also minimizes the risk of errors, enhancing overall accuracy in financial transactions. This level of efficiency not only saves time but also reduces operational costs, making it a valuable tool in the realm of financial services.
Speed and Efficiency
The speed and efficiency of order entry are critical factors in utilizing a trading platform effectively, ensuring timely execution and optimal trade outcomes.
A key component of achieving this speed and efficiency is the utilization of a robust order management system. The ability to quickly input, process, and execute orders can significantly impact the execution timelines, especially in fast-moving markets where every second counts.
In addition, efficient order filling is crucial for taking advantage of market opportunities and minimizing slippage, ultimately influencing the overall profitability of trades. Comprehensive access to real-time market data further enhances decision-making and trade execution, making speed and efficiency paramount in the dynamic landscape of trading.
Accuracy
Maintaining accuracy in order entry is essential to ensure compliance with regulations and proper order management processes, reducing errors and enhancing trade precision.
By capturing the correct order details and entering them accurately into the system, traders can minimize the risk of discrepancies and ensure smooth order processing. Accuracy in order entry is crucial not only for compliance adherence but also for generating reliable trade confirmations and maintaining the integrity of the entire trade lifecycle. Precise order entry plays a vital role in effective risk management, allowing traders to monitor order status and make informed decisions based on accurate data.
Automation
Automation in order entry streamlines the trade fulfillment process, leveraging financial technology to expedite order routing, matching, and confirmation tasks for seamless execution.
By automating market order entries, the system can efficiently process large volumes of transactions with minimal errors, leading to reduced manual intervention and enhanced accuracy. This automation not only saves time but also reduces operational costs for firms, making the order fulfillment process more cost-effective. Automation plays a crucial role in algorithmic trading by swiftly executing complex orders based on predefined criteria, allowing traders to capitalize on market opportunities in real-time. The integration of automated order entry systems has significantly improved the speed and accuracy of transaction execution, paving the way for more efficient trading strategies.
Cost Savings
This streamlined approach not only minimizes the risk of errors in the order management process but also helps in cutting down on brokerage expenses associated with manual handling. By automating the order flow, firms can ensure quicker and more accurate order execution, enhancing overall operational efficiency. Adhering to compliance guidelines is facilitated through standardized order entry methods, mitigating the potential costs and risks of non-compliance. These cumulative benefits of efficient order entry contribute to a more cost-effective and streamlined investment process for all parties involved.
What Are the Risks of Using Order Entry?
While order entry offers numerous benefits, it also comes with inherent risks such as technical glitches that can disrupt trade execution and lead to potential financial losses.
Technical glitches in order management systems can result in orders being entered at incorrect prices or quantities, affecting the execution price and overall order flow. Human errors, such as placing orders with the wrong account or entering the wrong trade details, can compound these risks.
These inaccuracies could lead to significant financial implications, including loss of capital or missed profit opportunities. Therefore, it is crucial for traders and investors to be vigilant and employ risk management strategies to mitigate the impact of such errors on their trading outcomes.
Technical Glitches
Market data anomalies play a crucial role in these glitches, as discrepancies or delays in receiving critical pricing information can lead to misinformed trading decisions. Disruptions at the trading desk, such as communication breakdowns or human errors, can exacerbate these issues. System malfunctions, whether due to a software bug or hardware failure, can result in delayed order processing, impacting liquidity and potentially causing losses. These challenges highlight the importance of robust financial technology infrastructure to ensure smooth order execution processes.
Human Error
Human errors in order entry can occur during order confirmation, resulting in trade inaccuracies, incorrect trade volumes, or mispricings that can affect overall trading performance.
Such inaccuracies may lead to discrepancies in the order status as reflected in the order book, causing confusion for traders and potential mismatches during order matching. Price misalignments resulting from errors can have ripple effects on market dynamics, impacting short-term trading outcomes. These inconsistencies could not only result in financial losses but also damage the trader's reputation within the market, highlighting the critical importance of precision and accuracy in order entry processes.
What Are Some Examples of Order Entry?
Examples of order entry include placing a buy order for a stock, initiating a sell order for a currency, and setting a stop-limit order for a commodity, illustrating diverse trade scenarios in the financial markets.
For trade execution, imagine a scenario where an investor decides to enter a buy order for 100 shares of a tech stock at the current market price. This order will remain open until it gets executed at the specified price or better.
Conversely, in investment strategies involving currency trading, a trader might sell a given amount of Euros in exchange for US dollars, anticipating a favorable exchange rate.
In the realm of commodities, setting a stop-limit order for crude oil can safeguard against sudden market fluctuations, ensuring predefined conditions trigger the trade confirmation."
Placing a Buy Order for a Stock
Placing a buy order for a stock involves a systematic process of selecting the desired equity, specifying the purchase quantity, and setting the price level for execution.
Once you have identified the stock you want to purchase, the next step is determining the quantity you wish to buy. This decision is crucial as it will impact the overall investment. Setting the price for execution involves analyzing the market depth to ensure that your order will be filled at a fair price. Depending on your trading strategy, you may choose from various order types such as market orders, limit orders, or stop orders to align with your specific investment goals and risk tolerance.
Placing a Sell Order for a Currency
When placing a sell order for a currency, traders execute the transaction through order routing systems, engaging in fixed income markets to exchange one currency for another at the desired rate.
Order routing plays a crucial role in ensuring that sell orders are processed efficiently and matched with suitable buyers. This process involves the submission of the order to various liquidity providers and market makers who facilitate the transaction. As the order moves through the routing system, factors such as trading volume and current market conditions influence how quickly and at what price the order gets fulfilled. Order matching algorithms are employed to match sell orders with buy orders based on criteria such as price and quantity, further optimizing the trading process.
Placing a Stop-Limit Order for a Commodity
Placing a stop-limit order for a commodity involves utilizing trade execution algorithms to trigger a limit order when a specific price threshold is reached, commonly used in derivative markets for risk management.
The process of order confirmation and routing plays a crucial role in ensuring that the stop-limit strategy is executed accurately. Once the stop price is met, the order routing system swiftly processes the limit order, aiming to secure the desired trade execution at the predetermined price level.
By incorporating derivatives into risk management strategies, traders can hedge against potential losses and capitalize on market opportunities. Understanding the dynamics of trade execution and employing meticulous stop-limit tactics can help investors navigate the complexities of commodity markets with confidence.
Frequently Asked Questions
What Does Order Entry Mean? (Finance definition and example)
What is the definition of order entry in finance?
Order entry refers to the process of recording and executing a customer's request to buy or sell securities through a brokerage firm or financial institution.
What Does Order Entry Mean? (Finance definition and example)
How does order entry work in finance?
When a customer places an order, the brokerage firm or financial institution will enter the details of the order, including the type of security, quantity, and price, into their system. The system will then match the order with a buyer or seller and execute the transaction.
What Does Order Entry Mean? (Finance definition and example)
What are the different types of order entry in finance?
There are several types of order entry in finance, including market orders, limit orders, stop orders, and trailing stop orders. These orders differ in terms of the price at which they can be executed and the level of risk involved.
What Does Order Entry Mean? (Finance definition and example)
Can a customer cancel or modify an order after it has been entered?
Yes, a customer can usually cancel or modify an order as long as it has not been executed. However, some orders may have restrictions or fees associated with cancellation or modification, so it is important to check with the brokerage firm or financial institution.
What Does Order Entry Mean? (Finance definition and example)
What is an example of order entry in finance?
An example of order entry in finance would be a customer placing an order to buy 100 shares of a company's stock at a limit price of $50 per share. The brokerage firm would enter this order into their system and execute the trade if a seller is found at or below the specified price.
What Does Order Entry Mean? (Finance definition and example)
How does order entry play a role in the stock market?
Order entry is an essential component of the stock market, as it allows buyers and sellers to transact securities efficiently and fairly. In addition, the speed and accuracy of order entry can impact the price and liquidity of a security.
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La Spezia: Popular routes
Trains from Naples to Pompeii
from $ 5.42
One‑way
Trains from Naples to Pompeii
Taveling from Naples to Pompei by train is fast and comfortable. For only $ 5.42, you can travel around 27 km(17 Mi) in only 30m
You will depart from munchen-hbf, located right in the city center of Naples and enjoy the beautiful scenery of the journey while you arrive to zell-am-see, also located in the heart of Pompei.
Journey time
From 30m
Price
From $ 5.42
Distance
27 km (17 miles)
Changes
No direct trains available
Departure station
Napoli Centrale
Arrival station
Pompei
Travelling by train: Naples - Pompei
Journey from Naples to Pompei: A Quick Train Ride Through History and Beauty
Experience the iconic journey from Naples to Pompei onboard a fast train! Discover Italy's famous culture and attractions with every station stop. Uncover the beauty of iconic cities and towns, passing through the likes of Salerno, Ercolano, Vico Equense, Torre Annunziata, Castellammare di Stabia, and Sant'Antonio Abate. In just under an hour and a half, explore the timeless beauty and iconic sculptures that make up this ancient, yet modern, landscape.
The journey starts from Naples Central Station, located in the heart of the city. From there, the train stops at several important cities and towns along the way, including Salerno, Ercolano, Vico Equense, Torre Annunziata, Castellammare di Stabia, and Sant'Antonio Abate. During the trip, passengers will pass by some of the most beautiful sites and landmarks, including Mount Vesuvius and Naples Cathedral. The trip takes approximately one hour and twenty minutes in total, with the distance of about 47 km (29 miles).
It's most certainly worth getting off the train at Pompei Scavi-Villa Dei Misteri station. As you walk off the station and onto the streets of Pompei, you come face-to-face with its stunning ancient ruins, including the timeless Pompeii Forum and the impressive Amphitheatre. As you explore further, you encounter the city's numerous iconic sculptures, mosaics, frescos, and other ancient structures that tell the story of a city frozen in time.
It's an unforgettable experience, and a journey that could not be better spent exploring Italy's timeless beauty and culture. So make sure you check out the Naples to Pompei train route the next time you're in Italy—you won't regret it!
Journey details
How long does the train from Naples to Pompei take?
The fastest train from Naples to Pompei takes approximately, 30m although some high speed trains can reduce the total travel time
How much does the train cost from Naples to Pompei?
The cost of a train ticket from Naples to Pompei Naples to Pompei?
There are no direct trains from Naples to Naples.
What is the distance between Naples and Pompei by train?
The distance between Naples and Pompei by train is 27km (17 Mi)
Which is the main train station for Naples
Naples main station is Napoli Centrale located right in the heart of the city of Naples
Which is the main train station for Pompei
Pompei main station is Pompei located right in the center of the city of PompeiNaples
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Short
4. May strengthen your heart
One analysis of 19 studies found that sleeping fewer than 7 hours per day resulted in a 13% increased risk of death from heart disease (29Trusted Source).
Another analysis found that compared with 7 hours of sleep, each 1-hour decrease in sleep was associated with a 6% increased risk of all-cause mortality and heart disease (30Trusted Source).
What's more, short sleep appears to increase the risk of high blood pressure, especially in those with obstructive sleep apnea — a condition characterized by interrupted breathing during sleep (31Trusted Source, 32Trusted Source).
In fact, one study found that people who slept fewer than 5 hours per night had a 61% higher risk of developing high blood pressure than those who slept 7 hours (33Trusted Source).
Summary Sleeping fewer than seven hours per night is linked to an increased risk of heart disease and high blood pressure.
5. Affects sugar metabolism and type 2 diabetes risk
Short sleep is associated with a greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance — which is when your body cannot use the hormone insulin properly (34Trusted Source).
In fact, an analysis of 36 studies in over 1 million participants found that very short sleep of fewer than 5 hours and short sleep of fewer than 6 hours increased the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 48% and 18%, respectively (35Trusted Source).
It's thought that sleep deprivation can cause physiological changes like decreased insulin sensitivity, increased inflammation, and hunger hormone changes, as well as behavioral changes like poor decision making and greater food intake — all of which increase diabetes risk (36Trusted Source).
7. Supports a healthy immune system
In one study, participants who slept fewer than 5 hours per night were 4.5 times more likely to develop a cold compared than who slept more than 7 hours. Those who slept 5–6 hours were 4.24 times more likely (45Trusted Source).
8. Poor sleep is linked to increased inflammation
Sleep plays a key role in the regulation of our central nervous system. In particular, it's involved in the stress-response systems known as the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis (51Trusted Source).
Sleep loss, especially from disturbed sleep, is known to activate inflammatory signaling pathways and lead to higher levels of undesirable markers of inflammation, like interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein (51Trusted Source, 52Trusted Source).
Over time, chronic inflammation can cause the development of many chronic conditions, including obesity, heart disease, certain types of cancer, Alzheimer's disease, depression, and type 2 diabetes (51Trusted Source, 52Trusted Source).
Summary Sleep disturbance is linked to higher levels of inflammation. Over time, this can increase your risk of developing chronic conditions like heart disease, depression, and Alzheimer's disease.
9. Affects emotions and social interactions
When we're tired, we have a harder time controlling emotional outbursts and our behaviors in front of others. Tiredness may also affect our ability to respond to humor and show empathy (53Trusted Source, 54Trusted Source).
Plus, those who are chronically sleep-deprived are more likely to withdrawal from social events and experience loneliness (55Trusted Source).
Prioritizing sleep may be a key way to improve your relationships with others and help you become more social.
If you deal with loneliness or emotional outbursts, don't be afraid to reach out to a friend, family member, or healthcare professional to get support. To learn more, view this list of resources.
Summary Sleep deprivation may reduce your social skills and ability to process emotions.
Lack of sleep can be dangerous
Not getting enough sleep can be dangerous for yourself and others.
When we're tired, our ability to focus on tasks, reflexes, and reaction times decreases. In fact, being severely sleep-deprived is comparable to having consumed excess alcohol.
Concerningly, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports that 1 in 25 people have fallen asleep at the wheel while driving. Those who slept fewer than 6 hours were most likely to fall asleep while driving (56Trusted Source).
One 2018 study found that people who slept 6, 5, 4, or fewer than 4 hours had a risk of causing a car accident that was 1.3, 1.9, 2.9, and 15.1 times higher, respectively. This study suggests that your risk of a car accident increases significantly with each hour of lost sleep (57Trusted Source).
Further, the CDC reports that staying awake for more than 18 hours is comparable to having a blood alcohol content (BAC) of 0.05%. After 24 hours, this increases to 1.00%, which is over the legal driving limit (56Trusted Source).
In addition to increased risks associated with driving, lack of sleep may also increase the risk of workplace injury and errors (58Trusted Source).All in all, getting proper sleep is important for everyone's safety.
SummarySevere sleep deprivation increases your risk of getting in a car accident or being injured at work. It can greatly affect your ability to make critical decisions.
The bottom lineAlong with nutrition and exercise, taking care of your sleep is one of the pillars of health.Lack of sleep is associated with many negative health effects, including increased risk of heart disease, depression, weight gain, inflammation, and sickness.
Though individual needs vary, most research suggests that you should get between 7 and 9 hours of sleep per night for optimal health.Just like you prioritize your diet and physical activity, it's time to give sleep the attention it deserves.
Just one thingTry this today: For the next week, keep track of how many hours of sleep you get per night. If it's less than 7, try to go to bed 30 minutes earlier every day the following week. Gradually increase this until you're getting at least 7 hours per night.
4 Reasons Why It's Important and How to Get It
When you sleep well, it's easy to take sleep for granted. However, it doesn't take many nights of insomnia to remind us of how critical sleep can be to our lives. While sleep has obvious effects on energy levels, it goes much deeper.
Research shows that problems with sleep can contribute to other health problems including migraines, high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes, dementia, Parkinson's disease, mood disorders, and obesity.
4 Reasons To Improve Your Sleep Quality
Sleep has a balancing and restorative effect on the brain and body. Let's examine two main types of sleep: deep sleep and rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep. REM sleep appears important for memory processing and solidifying learning. Deep sleep is more restorative. The quality of sleep includes many factors, including how quickly a person falls asleep, the quality and amount of REM and deep sleep, and how rested a person feels upon awakening.
1. Sleep Loss, Blood Sugar, and Obesity
When we don't get enough sleep, the effects can start to build up and have negative consequences. During deep sleep, the body goes into a deep state of relaxation—decreasing heart rate, blood pressure, and stress on the nervous system. Levels of the stress hormone cortisol decrease while growth hormone is released.
Without enough deep sleep, detrimental changes occur. Higher levels of stress hormones from poor sleep can have an impact on blood sugar. This increases risks for blood sugar problems, diabetes, and obesity. Higher levels of cortisol will also increase overall levels of stress during the day.
Lack of sleep also rapidly affects two hormones related to appetite control: ghrelin and leptin. After just a couple of nights of reduced sleep, leptin levels decrease and ghrelin levels increase, intensifying hunger and appetite. These changes contribute directly to obesity. Sleep problems have been tied to obesity in children. For adults, every hour of sleep less than an average of 7 hours per night increases risks for obesity by 9%.
2. Sleep and Mental Health
Poor sleep also can have a profound negative impact on the brain and nervous system. When an individual sleeps, the brain rebuilds stores of glycogen. Glycogen offers an energy reserve that provides support for more intense levels of brain functioning in times of need. When glycogen remains low, migraine headaches are more likely.
Studies of repeated sleep deprivation show changes in the brain. The hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex, areas in the brain associated with stress and memory, become damaged. The subjects developed problems with memory and became more anxious and aggressive. When combined with blood sugar problems, this can worsen the damage long-term and can likely elevate risks for dementia and cognitive decline.
During sleep, the brain engages in housecleaning. Metabolic wastes get removed and antioxidant defenses improve. If these functions get disrupted, it can contribute to brain cell damage and brain cell death. The damage induced from chronic sleep problems likely contributes to increased risks for developing Parkinson's disease and other problems with brain functioning.
3. Sleep and Heart Health
Sleep problems and chronic insomnia also appear to worsen risks for heart disease. Blood pressure problems remain strongly influenced by poor sleep. One study found that for every hour lost from an adequate night's sleep, risks for hypertension increased by 37%. However, not every study has found such a striking correlation. The increase in stress hormones resulting from poor sleep, at least in some cases, can lead to increased blood pressure.
Unfortunately, sleep problems have other negative effects on heart health as well. As already mentioned, sleep disruption can lead to decreased antioxidants and increased free radical damage. Also, you often find increased inflammation. The lining of the blood vessels throughout the body can develop problems due to increased endothelin production, a signaling molecule that causes blood vessels to constrict. This can contribute to plaque build up along the arteries, an underlying cause of heart disease.
4. Sleep and Immune Function
It has been known for a while that sleep disruption can cause problems with immune function. A recent study even implicated shift work and sleep disruptions in contributing to an increased risk for viral infections, including coronavirus.
Poor sleep influences immune function in several detrimental ways, including increased levels of inflammation. This increase may contribute to other chronic health problems, as Inflammation is a common, underlying component of most chronic health conditions.
Standard Treatments for Insomnia
Drug therapies for sleep often include antihistamine medications like Benadryl or stronger sedatives, like Ambien and Xanax. Unfortunately, concerning correlations have been uncovered linking sleep medications to increased risks of death. One large study found that any use of sleep medication subsequently doubled the risk of death. The use of sedative-type sleep medication has been linked to increased death from respiratory problems, infections, mood disorders, and accidents.
While it might be worth the increased risks if sleep medications worked well, that doesn't appear to be the case. In one study, one of the more popular sleep medications was only shown to increase sleep duration by 11 minutes per night on average. Safer, more effective options for treating insomnia would be preferable.
8 Lifestyle Factors That Affect Sleep
While the research is somewhat mixed, there are general recommendations for improving sleep that appear to help. These non-drug approaches include:
Having a consistent bedtime
Exercising or engaging in physical activity during the day
Keeping the bedroom dark during sleep at night
Avoiding naps longer than 15 minutes during the day
Abstaining from alcohol or nicotine before bed
Limiting caffeine consumption to the morning
Keeping evening meals smaller and not too close to bedtime
Eliminating computers, televisions, and cell phones from the bedroom
In addition to these approaches, many natural sleep aids have started to show some potential in the published research.
Natural Supplements To Improve Sleep
Melatonin
When it's dark, our bodies naturally produce the sleep hormone melatonin. Melatonin is a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory molecule that not only promotes sleep but may help prevent numerous other health conditions. It also appears to be quite safe with minimal side effects.The majority of the published evidence suggests melatonin can support better sleep. It typically helps individuals fall asleep and decreases the severity of insomnia. While some studies didn't find significant benefits, they may have suffered from problems with the type or formulation of melatonin administered as different formulations have not always been well characterized.Melatonin – Not Just for Sleep: Read more.
The herbs listed, when used properly, also have a reasonable margin of safety. However, you should always talk with your doctor before starting any herbs or supplements especially if you are on any medication or have a chronic health condition.The Best Herbs to Help with Stress: Read more.
Sleepiness after a large meal of turkey is often attributed to its tryptophan content. Research suggests that higher consumption of tryptophan from food appears to correlate with better mood, lower anxiety, and improved sleep. Direct clinical trials with tryptophan have also shown improvements in people struggling with insomnia when given tryptophan before bed.Tryptophan appears quite safe when used in reasonable quantities: under four grams a day. However, tryptophan is a precursor to serotonin, and individuals on medications that affect serotonin levels, like antidepressants, should check with their healthcare provider before taking the amino acid.
GABA and Glycine
GABA and glycine are amino acids that also act as neurotransmitters, similar to serotonin or dopamine. Both amino acids act to inhibit or slow down brain activity. Based on their inhibitory function, it's not surprising that they appear to have benefits for sleep. Many standard prescription sleep aids directly affect the GABA system.
One study on GABA for insomnia found that both subjective sleep quality and objective sleep efficacy improved with nightly supplementation. A recent review of all the studies on GABA for sleep showed that for insomnia, it primarily helps individuals fall asleep. The effects appear to be mediated through the relaxing properties of the amino acid itself. Similar to the herbal sedatives mentioned, If stress is keeping you awake, GABA might help.
For glycine, the research is also limited, but promising. Animal studies show that orally administered glycine can effectively increase glycine levels in the brain. Shortly after it's administered, core body temperature drops. This decrease in temperature is likely related to better sleep since core body temperature typically decreases before the onset of sleep. In a human trial, glycine was shown to improve both subjective and objective scores of sleep without causing waking drowsiness.
Takeaway
Sleep remains vital to our day-to-day and long-term health. Considering the number of people that struggle with insomnia and the potentially concerning side effects from standard prescription sleep medications, other options are needed. Fortunately, the latest research suggests that many natural sleep aids, including melatonin, herbal products, and amino acids may have the potential to improve sleep with minimal side effects.The 6 Best Natural Supplements for Sleep: Read more.References:
This article was written by Dr. Scott Buesing, ND who has over 15 years of experience as a naturopathic doctor practicing integrative medicine. Dr. Scott Buesing has helped numerous patients improve their health. Over the course of his career, he has practiced collaboratively in a multidisciplinary partial hospitalization program for mental health and treated patients struggling with chronic pain at an integrative Southern California pain clinic.
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https://www.tinnkeohealthfactory.com/post/10-reasons-to-get-more-sleep-4-reasons-why-it-s-important-and-how-to-get-it
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ets
A Set is a linear data structure that has a collection of values that are not repeated. A set can store unique values without any particular order. In the real world, sets can be used to collect all tags for blog posts and conversation participants in a chat. The data can be of Boolean, integer, float, characters, and other types. Static sets allow only query operations, which means operations related to querying the elements. Dynamic and mutable sets allow for the insertion and deletion of elements. Algebraic operations such as union, intersection, difference, and subset can be defined on the sets. The following example shows the Set integer with a map integer key and bool as a value:
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https://subscription.packtpub.com/book/programming/9781789618501/5/ch05lvl1sec29/sets
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Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) has been considered as an herbal drug since ancient time. ...Herein, we gathered scientific research projects on the toxicity effects of licorice and glycyrrhizin to highlight their safety. In this regards, we categorized our fin …
Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) has been considered as an herbal drug since ancient time. ...Herein, we gathered scientific rese …
Licorice root is one of the oldest and most frequently employed botanicals in Chinese medicine. In the United States, licorice products are most often used as flavoring and sweetening agents in food products. ...
Licorice root is one of the oldest and most frequently employed botanicals in Chinese medicine. In the United States, licorice …
The name 'Licorice' is derived from the ancient Greek word Glukurrhiza, meaning 'sweet root'. It consists of approximately 30 species, however, the most common ones consist of Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch and Glycyrrhiza Inflata. …
The name 'Licorice' is derived from the ancient Greek word Glukurrhiza, meaning 'sweet root'. It consists of approximately 30 species …
BACKGROUND: Renowned since ancient times for its medical properties, liquorice is nowadays mainly used for flavoring candies or soft drinks. ...These manifestations are usually mild, although in some cases may generate life-threatening complications, i.e., arrhythmias, mus …
BACKGROUND: Renowned since ancient times for its medical properties, liquorice is nowadays mainly used for flavoring candies or soft …
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Licorice has been widely used as a medicinal herb since ancient times. Licorice is also spelled as "liquorice" and it is known as "Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma" (Chinese: gan cao) in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. ...
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Licorice has been widely used as a medicinal herb since ancient times. Licorice is also spelle …
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: In traditional Chinese medicine, the dried root of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. (licorice root) is usually used after stir-baked with honey. ...Then, clinicians had also used honey-roasted licorice to treat throat pain since th …
Glycyrrhetinic acid, the active constituent of liquorice, inhibits renal IIbeta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. This allows cortisol to stimulate mineralocorticoid receptors, which can result in hypertension and hypokalaemia. ...
OBJECTIVES: The potential clinical effects of licorice (Glycyrrhiza spp.) and its extracts have been investigated since ancient times. ...Preclinical studies also showed weak antiandrogen properties and beneficial effects of licorice on gonadal function in bo …
OBJECTIVES: The potential clinical effects of licorice (Glycyrrhiza spp.) and its extracts have been investigated since ancien …
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd_current=Limits&pmfilter_Subsets=Toxicology&term=%2268916-91-6%22+OR+%22%22+OR+licorice
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How does science affect marketing?
think of a brand… any brand…
What comes up?
A company name?
A logo?
Maybe a jingle or slogan.
How about a smell or a taste?
Maybe it's the feel of a product.
Whatever may have come to mind, you have just invoked a memory response in the brain. Sometime in your past, that brand affected you in some way that it was considered worthwhile to keep in the limited amount of cranium storage.
But what made your brain decide to give that memory precedence over something else?
Scientifically, let's just say it's complicated. It's not the actual name or logo or taste that is being remembered but rather the experience that came with it.
It's known as the Gestalt Theory and it states that the sum of an experience is what makes a memory instead of the individual parts.
Join Jason 'The Germ Guy' Tetro and Grant 'The Brand Guy' Ivens, as we explore how brands can own non-tangible connections with consumers. We'll dive into how science unites brands and why human senses are just the beginning point for brand loyalty and market success.
Listen to the "Science of Brand Chronicles" intro podcast to get a taste of what's to come…
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https://saywhat.com/how-does-science-affect-marketing/
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The UK turned out to be a 'true space superpower' with the first rocket launch
A prototype space factory that can create materials difficult to create on Earth will be on the 1st rocket to launch from UK soil later this mid-year.
Welsh startup Space Forge will utilise microgravity and the vacuum of space to make more grounded, lighter metal composites and super-effective semiconductors.
The organisation told Sky News that parts made in the circle could be broadly used in just five years, from aeroplane motors to the power lattice.
To test its arrangement for taking materials back to Earth, the organisation will launch a satellite on a rocket because of takeoff from Spaceport Cornwall in September.
The Spaceport, the first in Europe, is based at Newquay Airport.
A Virgin Orbit Boeing 747 will take off from a similar runway utilised by occasion jets, convey a rocket under its care, and discharge it at 35,000ft.
Andrew Bacon, a fellow benefactor of Space Forge, said the launch would transform the UK into a "true space superpower", with the capacity to make and convey world-driving satellite innovation.
"The cost of launch has descended hugely," he said. "Normally, it used to cost $20,000 (£16,500) per kilogram. Nowadays, you can get as low as $1,000 (£830).
"There are materials out there worth way more. Nickel-based combinations utilised in airplane turbines can cost $100,000 a kg. So the financial aspects (of space fabricating) begin to work because the launch cost has descended to such an extent."
Albeit different organisations have made limited quantities of material and returned them to Earth, Space Forge will be the first to make them in business amounts.
The entire satellite will be cut down utilising still-secret innovation, then, at that point, restored and relaunched with another bunch of unrefined components ready.
"Having the option to launch from your nation of origin will have a major effect," said Mr Bacon.
"If you have any desire to construct a dependable, supportable store network situated in space, you can't be travelling to the opposite side of the world to source your materials when you need to make something.
"You must launch and return here and utilise those items where they are required."
From California to Newquay
Up to 10 satellites – some business, some military – are supposed to be on the first launch, presently planned for 8 September.
Virgin Orbit's fly Cosmic Girl will take off from Newquay Airport with LauncherOne, a 21-meter rocket, thrown under its left wing.
When it's well clear of land and at the right height, the pilot will lift the plane's nose and drop the rocket, which seconds after the fact will light its motor and power away in the ideal direction for placing satellites into a circle that disregards the north and south poles.
In an elite meeting, Dan Hart, Virgin Orbit CEO, told Sky News that the stream had recently worked the huge number of traveller trips across the Atlantic before being reused for space transport.
"We have reused the plane, so it's a basic piece of our launch foundation," he said.
"It gives the rocket its first step, taking it to 35,000 feet, the better piece of Mach 1 (practically the speed of sound), and 66% of how through the environment before the rocket needs to accomplish any work whatsoever."
Newquay will be the organisation's first launch office outside California.
UK a 'big shot' at building little satellites
Mr Hart said the UK was alluring because it had the "innovation and want" to be a space country.
As of now, two other customary "vertical-launch" spaceports are looking for endorsement on the tip of central area Scotland and the Shetland Islands.
In any case, Spaceport Cornwall says "flat launch", with rockets being carried on an airplane that utilises a business airport, downplays framework and cost.
Sky News was displayed around the airport structure, which is currently fitted out with a residue-free "clean room" where satellites will be stacked into the rocket.
Melissa Thorpe, top of the Spaceport, said the UK was a "powerhouse" when it came to building little satellites, yet as of recently, has needed to send them abroad for launch.
UK-Indian organisation OneWeb had launched 36 web satellites on a Russian rocket that dropped without a second to spare following the Ukraine intrusion.
Ms Thorpe said: "We have relatively little command over how satellites are launched, who with, was from – and perhaps a portion of the exercises that happen in a portion of those areas.
"So far as we might be concerned, it's vital to assist with making a sovereign launch capacity, with satellites being driven not too far off to a spaceport and go up to space more straightforwardly."
The Spaceport will be a critical lift to the economy of Cornwall, one of the UK's most denied locales.
The organisation hopes to utilise 150 individuals straightforwardly, with 240 positions in its production network. A few organisations likewise intend to open offices around the airport to frame a space group
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https://infinitynews.co.uk/2022/06/22/the-uk-turned-out-to-be-a-true-space-superpower-with-1st-rocket-launch/
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word change has so many meanings depending on the context in which it is used. However, one major point that keeps reoccurring is the move from one state to another. Change in a society refers to an alteration in the social order of the society, it may include changes in nature, social institutions, social behaviours, or social relations. Thus change can refer to any significant alteration over a period of time in behaviour patterns, cultural values and norms. The world today is changing so fast economically, socially, politically and even physically. The argument however is whether the change is for the better or for the worse. This change is made rapid by the increasing new ways of communication especially the media which has increased accessibility to knowledge. This has changed the ways individuals, groups, and societies think, feel, behave, and interact.
In spite of the seeming objectives of the new communication mediums, a great deal of fear and outrageous optimism permeates opinions about its attendant negative consequences. This is so because the inundation of too much information is a potential threat to the ability to process which information is actually needed. Film has over the years become a pervasive and ever present entity in our lives, as well as a strong influence for constructing meaning in our everyday live. Social Comparison Theory posits that ―people will [at some point in their lives] compare themselves and significant others to people and images whom they perceive to represent realistic goals to attain‖ (Botta, 1999: 26).
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With the passage of time, we have unconsciously looked up to the media to help us define, explain, and shape the world around us; we make automatic comparisons of ourselves, those close to us, and situations in our lives after seeing images in the media. The result of these comparison is that we are motivated to strive for, and achieve, new found goals and expectations as perceived by us in the films. Films now preside over many daily decisions on the sense of our world and exposes human beings to completely new perspective. It has over time reduced the world to a global village sharing cultures, beliefs, values and history. With our lives influenced by the culture around us, it is impossible for it not to either be positive or negative. However, this is dependent on what we listen to or watch, whichever way, what we do has direct impact on our lives because everything has a direct link to some part of us be it music, media, celebrities, fashion, and even literature.
Films when positively constructed have a way of introducing us to creative outlets that can help us better ourselves in different ways, be it in our personal or work lives. It can change our perspective and push us to do more than what we limit ourselves to. It can also help us engage with other people around the world, and be more open and understanding towards other cultures. On the other hand, films can influence us to do things that are not moral, like getting into substance abuse, adopting violent or immoral habits and developing wrong perception of issues. This goes to show that film can be used for or against us, depending on how we use it individually. With these points we see just how powerful a tool the movie is in our present day and age, and also its impact on our perception.
Changes yielding profound social consequences over time affect behaviour patterns and cultural values and norms. Change occurrences summarily occur in major factors of politics,
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economy and culture. Changes can also occur in less – tangible factors such as personal dignity, personal safety, freedom from fear of physical harm, and the extent of participation in civil society. Change in the society can be caused by so many factors; technology, socialinstitutions, population, modernization and the environment. However, this research work will concentrate on the changes that occur via the media with particular emphasis on video films. Our society has undergone radical shifts in everything from family structure to demographics. We have witnessed a massive shift in societal and lifestyle changes; youths and adults alike. Technology now dominates modern urban living resulting in increasingly structured activities. Changes have occurred in social roles, culture, ideologies and beliefs. Values and beliefs once formed by family and institutions are increasingly being influenced by what we see in films. The conclusion that ‗art is society and society is art' (which has somewhat become a cliché) applies with double emphasis to film- ‗a powerful visual medium with extraordinary ability to influence the thinking and behaviour of its audience' (Ukadike, 2009:31). This owes much to the visual bias of film. It should be stated that the film medium has become so central to human existence that no nation can afford to ignore the power of the screen any longer. The film maker knows only too well that he can use his works to impact on and attempt to influence the world around him. The question then is how true this assertion is when weighed against the realities of the peculiar nature of Nollywood.
Over the years there has been propagation on the indigenous films in Nigeria. Nigeria home videos capture our actual lifestyle and reflect it through various themes. These movies have the ability to reflect goings on in the society and this determines the influence they have. Some movies are based on myths, legends, folktales and other traditional forms which bring about the synergy that is required for better message reception (Akpabio, 2004:8).
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Nollywood occupies and performs a crucial social role and position in assisting viewers to interpret their experiences and society. According to Tom Odhiambo (2004:33), Nollywood ―borrows its subject matter from the public on issues of contemporary importance to that public in particular contexts‖ and it strives to be of ―immediate relevance to the people's worries, questions, experiences and lives‖. Such issues are rebroadcast to that same audience for the purpose of educating, informing, instructing and entertaining. Thus watching videos together in the homes, streets or in video parlours create ―uncontrolled sites of consumption‖ That ―render spectatorship in Nollywood as a fluid field of reading culture‖, and one which also ―privileges the presence of an absence as we know it in the production of culture that had been tightly controlled by the ruling and intellectual elite in Nigeria until the emergence of Nollywood in Nigeria.‖(Okome: 2007:6)
Since its emergence at the turn of the twenty-first century, the Nigerian movie industry ―Nollywood‖ has had a profound influence on African culture. The Nigerian accents, style of dress, and behavioural idiosyncrasies, all of which are distinctly Nigeria, through the combination of songs, oral literature, festivals, rituals, the traditional religion, performing arts, music, dance, and indeed the entire range of artefacts constituting traditional oral performance of Nigerian culture are now being transmitted as images around the globe.
Nollywood is one that has blossomed over a relatively short period of time and while it impacts on individuals home and abroad, it also has been impacted upon violently by alien cultures of the world, dressing, values, beliefs, lifestyle etc. Thus the industry has since the 1990's emerged as a fast growing cultural force all over the continent spreading and influencing both our culture and acquired western lifestyle. The effect of these movies on the
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Nigerian society is the manifestation of the issues that abound in the community. Considering the impact of movies on social values and human behaviour, the quest for qualitative movie production is inevitable. There appears to be a consensus among Nigerian researchers and observers that many traditional values are changing rapidly and replaced by film projected values. When films become an avenue to address, comment and attack authorities and societal ills cum vices, it becomes a thing of interest and takes a critical position in order to further discover the strength it possesses in contemporary times.
Indeed our society has changed and is still undergoing changes. Therefore, it is pertinent that we make the change for the better by communicating messages that will help correct or stimulate the perception of the people and gear them towards making or taking decisions that promote long – term sustainability, economic prosperity, a healthy community and social well- being. Nollywood movies speak to every facet of our life, in this study, through an analysis of select movies; the researcher would explore the societal values expounded with emphasis on culture, history, political and moral values.
1.1.Background to the Study
Over time, viewers have been influenced by images projected in films and in recent times, the family ideals, beliefs and culture are being influenced by what is seen outside the home and the movies which sometimes contradict what is known to be true? The character, personality, and identity of a person are shaped through many different means, and with the unlimited access to anything and everything through films, identities are being skewed. These negative impacts of films however, do not dissuade the fact that some movies project positive themes, depict reality and advocate the triumph of good over evil which in the long run have the
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capacity to result in positive outlook of the viewer. Film images today, both positively and negatively influence the viewers' identity and this impact has been said to be more on the youth in our society. Payne (2008:31) puts it thus, ‗Film and television have, long been feared for being capable of transmitting socially objectionable messages…. With easier access and
quicker results, audiences of film content are exposed to a tremendous amount of information fed to them. This influences and shapes their identities. The good thing, however is, not all of it is negative and if well projected and managed these content can be used positively to help mould the future of our society.
Exposure to information around us has an impact on the formulation of our ideals, opinions, and outlook on life. Viewers today, especially children, take on personality traits of artistes whom they idolize and consider role models. This goes to show that if they are overly exposed to such movie content, some part of their newly formed identity will be based on this medium. Films have become a significant force in modern culture especially in developing countries such as Nigeria. Viewers are bombarded with messages which reflect the culture and beliefs of the producing society and these are spread nationally and internationally.
The movie projects a complex of mutually interdependent perspectives and values that influence a society and its institutions in various ways. In Nigeria, For example, certain currents of popular culture may originate from, (or diverge into) a subculture representing perspectives with which the mainstream popular culture has limited familiarity or does not accept. The culture of Nigeria is shaped by its multiple ethnic groups; the variety of customs, languages, and traditions among all of Nigeria's ethnic groups gives the country a great deal of cultural diversity. This cultural diversity has driven the nation's innovative popular culture which is basically classified as good morals, obedience, humility, respect for elders etc.In
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recent times however, there has been a general outcry as regards the ‗imported' popular culture which is gradually enveloping all facets of the Nigerian society, with maximum influence on the Nigerian movie industry- which is believed to propagate to the world the Nigerian culture and values. The incursion of this alien ways over our ‗traditional way of live' has become a source of concern as it is seen as a diversion from the morally upright well behaved, sensitive and responsible Nigerian.
The common belief in Nigeria is that home movies negatively project the culture of Nigeria. That is why Frank Aig-Imoukahuede in Opubor (1995:47) confirms that
Many Nigerians have complained of the poisonous content of films shown on the screens in Nigeria a great number of people have criticized the nation's television for featuring materials which contradict or erode the quality of life and undermines the people's values and norms. What is needed are films for self projection, for presenting the fact of life in Nigeria.
Indeed in recent times films being produced feature contemporary real life stories, history and events; however, this is not to say that in the recent past produced movies do not reflect life as we can hardly say that these movies were created in a vacuum though they sometimes may be exaggerated. Nigerian movies now reflect diverse issues as it affects us from culture to history, politics to values.
Nigerian video films reflect the way of life of Nigerians, as much as it tells stories of our past and present. Consequently making Nigerian movies socially rooted. The movies produced by persons sharing same cultural milieu as the audience depict the culture of its audience; the village scenes, political and traditional justice systems, land tenure, costumes, hair-dos, tattoos, drumming, singing, dancing, indigenous foods and drinks, as well as religious beliefs all culminating into telling the history of Nigeria and its unity in diversity. For instance, the
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first Nigerian video film, ―Living in Bondage‖, projected socio-cultural traits and propensity of the average Igbo trader, who will stop at nothing to have a breakthrough in business. Thus, Nigerian video films are not only rebuilding such cultural values but playing a very significant role in Nigeria's socio-politico-cultural influence in Africa, and by extension the Western world. It is pertinent to note that in its two decades of existence, Nollywood has gone through some generic and developmental trends.
Values refer to appropriate courses of action or outcome; they reflect a person's sense of right and wrong or what "ought" to be. Values tend to influence attitudes and behaviour as it identifies what should be judged as good or evil. They help solve common human problems for survival and are responsible for why people do what they do and in what order they choose to do them. Values was summarized by Professor Moemeka in his article titled: ―Communalism As A Fundamental Dimension Of Culture,‖ as follows: (i) The Supremacy of the Community (ii) The Sanctity of Authority, (iii) Respect for Old Age or the Elderly (iv) The Usefulness of the Individual v Religion as a Way of Life. In addition to those mentioned by Moemeka, it can be deduced that warmth of human relationship, resilience and love of country are embodiments ofthe serial values. People's perception about the universe makes for the basis for the formation of their scales of values. Therefore, a people's attitudes are explainable against the backdrop of their cosmology. Various values found in our society will be made explicit through an analysis ofselected movie.
There is no denying the fact that some values are held dear to us and these values took different dimension by the incursion of Western values which were and are still being communicated largely through the medium of films. One would then be compelled to ask,
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―Do these negative influences of home movies bring about cultural and behavioural change?‖ Opubor et al (1995:1) answers this thus,
Of all the media of communication, the motion picture has perhaps the most universal appeal and impact; a film can rise above the limitations of language, and cultural barriers by the power of its visual images, its use of music and sound effects and can succeed in conveying much the same message to audience of heterogeneous background.
The ability of film to transcend beyond diverse cultures is obvious in the consumption of movies around the world. In Nigeria for example, Indian and Chinese movies amongst others are consumed by a large number of the population irrespective of the fact that they hardly understand these languages. Viewers can on the average understand and describe the subject matter of such movies, on the other hand, Nigerian movies; Yoruba, Ibo, pidgin etc are consumed not only within the shores of Africa but in parts of the Western world and such viewers also recognize the themes of the movies.
If indeed as it has been proved that these negative influences bring about cultural and behavioural change it wouldn't be wrong then to say that positive influences when portrayed would elicit positive changes. Thus this study is an attempt to analyse the positive societal values; cultural, political and social value content of Nollywood movies which has been so accused of projecting negative vices, as Nollywood's impact and transformation of Nigeria's culture, politics, society and economy cannot be underestimated, and neither can its influence on viewers.
1.2.Statement of the Research Problem
Critics have argued that Nigerian movies reflect negative ways of life which is often imbibed by its viewers and this in turn result in their display of negative behaviours, atti
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https://codemint.net/mass-communication/communicating-change-and-societal-values-in-select-nigerian-home-movies/index.html
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Understanding the Potential Side Effects of Paracetamol: What You Need to Know
Understanding the Potential Side Effects of Paracetamol: What You Need to Know
Paracetamol, also known as acetaminophen, is a widely used over-the-counter medication for the relief of pain and fever. While it is generally considered to be safe when taken as directed, it is important to understand the potential side effects associated with its use.
**Common Side Effects**
When taken in recommended doses, paracetamol is generally well-tolerated by most people. However, some individuals may experience mild side effects, including nausea, stomach pain, and dizziness. These side effects are usually temporary and typically resolve once the medication is discontinued.
**Serious Side Effects**
Although rare, there are more serious side effects associated with paracetamol use. One of the most concerning side effects is liver damage, which can occur if the medication is taken in excessive amounts. Symptoms of liver damage include yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine, and abdominal pain. It is important to seek medical attention immediately if any of these symptoms occur.
**Allergic Reactions**
In some cases, individuals may experience an allergic reaction to paracetamol. Symptoms of an allergic reaction include rash, itching, swelling, and difficulty breathing. If an allergic reaction occurs, it is crucial to discontinue use of the medication and seek medical help.
**Potential Interactions with Other Medications**
It is important to be aware that paracetamol can interact with other medications, leading to potentially harmful effects. For example, taking paracetamol with alcohol can increase the risk of liver damage. Additionally, combining paracetamol with certain prescription medications, such as blood thinners, can lead to adverse reactions. It is important to consult with a healthcare professional before taking paracetamol if you are also taking other medications.
**Safe Use of Paracetamol**
To minimize the risk of side effects, it is important to use paracetamol as directed. This includes following the recommended dosage and not exceeding the maximum daily limit. It is also important to be aware of the paracetamol content in other medications, such as cold and flu remedies, to avoid accidental overdosing.
In conclusion, while paracetamol is generally considered safe when used as directed, it is important to be aware of the potential side effects associated with its use. By understanding the potential risks and using the medication responsibly, individuals can safely benefit from its pain-relieving and fever-reducing properties.
**FAQs**
1. What is the maximum daily dosage of paracetamol?
The maximum daily dosage of paracetamol for adults is 4,000 milligrams, taken in divided doses.
2. Can paracetamol be taken during pregnancy?
It is generally considered safe to take paracetamol during pregnancy, but it is important to consult with a healthcare professional before doing so.
3. Are there any long-term side effects of paracetamol use?
Long-term use of paracetamol can lead to liver damage, so it is important to use the medication as directed and not exceed the recommended dosage.
4. Can paracetamol be safely taken by children?
Paracetamol can be used in children, but it is important to use the appropriate dosage based on their weight and age.
5. What should I do if I accidentally take too much paracetamol?
If you suspect an overdose of paracetamol, seek immediate medical attention, even if you do not feel unwell. Prompt treatment is essential to prevent liver damage.
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Promotion Scored!
Creating Engaging Podcast Trailers to Hook New Listeners
Your podcast trailer is like your show's elevator pitch, you need to make it stick
Summary
Discover the art of crafting captivating podcast trailers that hook new listeners. Understand the power of trailers as your show's elevator pitch, explore the basics of trailers, determine the perfect length, craft compelling scripts with AI copywriting software, enhance audio quality with professional editing services, utilize music and sound effects to set the tone, leverage show notes for context and SEO, harness the role of podcast AI in trailer creation, and strategically share your trailer to attract new listeners. With an engaging podcast trailer, you can generate excitement and curiosity, enticing potential listeners to eagerly tune in to your full episodes.
The Power of Podcast Trailers: Your Show's Elevator Pitch
We've all felt the anticipatory thrill of a riveting movie trailer. You know, that two-minute masterpiece which artfully condenses hours of film into a tantalizing taste that instantly shoots the movie to the top of your must-watch list. Similarly, the realm of podcasting has its own version of this - the podcast trailer. Now, if you're tiptoeing on the edge, wondering how to do a podcast by yourself, or maybe you're already deep into the vast ocean of audio storytelling with your team, having a strong podcast trailer can act as the magnetic pull that brings listeners into your world.
Why is a Trailer so Important?
A podcast trailer is more than just an audio snippet; it's a declaration of your brand, a window into the experience you're offering, and a powerful advertisement tool rolled into one. It's the first impression listeners will have of your content. And as they say, first impressions matter. In the vast landscape of podcasting, where thousands of new episodes are uploaded daily, it's your golden ticket to stand out.
Imagine a listener casually browsing through a podcast directory or scrolling through their social media feed. Amidst the sea of content, your trailer plays. Within those few seconds, they're given a snapshot of your show's theme, its mood, and your style. If executed right, by the end of those fleeting moments, they're not just casual browsers anymore; they're hooked, subscribed, and eager for the next episode. And voila, you've just grown your audience.
Solo Ventures vs. Team Podcasting
While the mechanics of making a trailer might remain consistent, the approach varies slightly based on whether you're a single host podcast or a multi-host one. Going solo? It's your unique voice and perspective that's front and center. Your trailer needs to encapsulate you. On the other hand, podcasts with multiple hosts or guests can play on the dynamic between speakers, offering listeners a taste of the rich tapestry of voices and perspectives they can expect.
Podcast Agencies: To Outsource or Not?
In your podcasting journey, you might come across podcast agencies offering specialized services to craft that perfect trailer for you. It can be tempting, especially if you're juggling multiple roles. These agencies come equipped with expertise and tools, and some might argue they can create a more polished end product. However, whether to outsource or keep it in-house is a decision that rests on your budget, your trust in an external team to capture your show's essence, and how hands-on you wish to be in the process.
Understanding the Basics: What are Podcast Trailers?
Ah, the humble podcast trailer. But wait—what exactly is it? For those new to the scene, it might seem like just another task on an already long list of podcasting duties. However, it's so much more than that. A podcast trailer is akin to the appetizer of a lavish meal, the first chapter of a gripping novel, or even the scent of a freshly brewed coffee—enticing, invigorating, and offering a hint of the greatness that lies ahead.
Why Do You Need One?
Just like any other form of media, your podcast will be competing for attention. With the vast array of content out there, how do you ensure that someone gives your show a chance? Enter the podcast trailer. This succinct audio piece is crafted to provide potential listeners with a sneak peek into your show's essence. It's the bite-sized sample that showcases the flavor, personality, and energy of what you've created.
The Core Ingredients
Overview: At its heart, your trailer should offer a snapshot of what your podcast is all about. Are you diving into the mysteries of ancient civilizations, discussing the intricacies of modern tech, or maybe sharing personal anecdotes from everyday life? This is where you lay it out.
Introduce Yourself: Especially crucial for those exploring how to do a solo podcast, this is the part where the voice behind the magic steps into the limelight. Share a bit about yourself, your passion for the subject, or what drove you to start podcasting. Remember, people connect with people.
Teasers: These are golden. Include snippets from your most engaging, funny, or thought-provoking segments. It's like giving a tiny morsel of a delectable dish, just enough to make them crave the whole meal.
Call to Action (CTA): Don't forget this one. After drawing them in with your content, guide them towards the next step. Whether it's subscribing, checking out your website, or following you on social media, make sure to point them in the right direction.
Podcast Trailer vs. Episode Teaser
While they might sound similar, there's a distinction. A podcast trailer introduces your entire show—the big picture, if you will. It's evergreen, relevant whether you have 10 episodes or 100. On the other hand, an episode teaser is specific to a particular episode, highlighting its unique content. Think of it as the difference between introducing a book series versus a specific book within that series.
Trailers and Solo Ventures
For those embarking on this journey by themselves and pondering how to make a podcast by yourself, the trailer becomes even more crucial. Without co-hosts or guests to add varied voices, the onus is on the solo podcaster to encapsulate the show's vibe, content, and energy, all within a limited time frame.
The Perfect Length for Podcast Trailers
If brevity is the soul of wit, then the podcast trailer is its embodiment in the audio realm. Like a finely brewed espresso shot, it's not about flooding listeners with content, but rather, giving them a potent taste that leaves them craving more. But, how long is just right?
Why Length Matters
In our fast-paced digital age, attention spans are a precious commodity. With a barrage of information and entertainment options at our fingertips, it's essential to make every second count. Your podcast trailer needs to strike a balance - long enough to communicate its essence but short enough to retain the listener's interest.
The Sweet Spot
While there isn't a one-size-fits-all answer, most successful podcast trailers fall within the 30-second to 2-minute mark. Why this range?
Immediate Engagement: 30 seconds is just about the right duration to convey the core of your podcast without risking the listener moving on. It's quick, impactful, and leaves a mark.
Depth and Detail: Venturing towards the 2-minute mark allows for a bit more depth. This can be especially helpful for podcasts that have a more complex premise or multiple hosts, allowing each a moment in the spotlight.
Platform Algorithms: Some podcast directories and platforms have specific requirements or favored durations for trailers, especially when it comes to promotional spots. Keeping your trailer within this range ensures you're optimized for maximum reach.
Pacing: It's Not Just About Total Time
Remember, it's not only about how long your trailer is, but also how it flows. A 30-second trailer that's crammed with too much information can feel rushed and overwhelming, while a 2-minute trailer that doesn't vary its pace can seem tedious. It's about rhythm. The rise and fall of your voice, moments of emphasis, and even strategic pauses play a role in creating a compelling audio experience.
Using Technology to Your Advantage
Harnessing tools like copywriting software or even more specialized AI tools like podcast summarizers can be a game-changer. These tools can help you analyze your content, pick out highlights, and even suggest pacing, ensuring your trailer's length and flow are optimized.
Crafting the Script: Capturing Your Podcast's Essence
Embarking on the journey of writing your podcast trailer's script can feel like standing at the base of a mountain, but fear not! Like any great story, your trailer's narrative hinges on conveying emotion, information, and anticipation, all wrapped up in a concise package.
The Backbone: Key Messages
First things first, identify the key messages you want your trailer to convey. Are you offering fresh insights on a well-trodden topic? Do you bring humor to otherwise mundane subjects? Or perhaps you're providing deep dives into niche areas few have ventured into. Make a list:
Podcast Format: Solo musings? Lively debates with a co-host? Interviews with industry experts? Give listeners a hint of what to expect in terms of structure.
Emotion is Key
Think about the feeling you want to evoke. Whether it's curiosity, excitement, empathy, or amusement, your choice of words should mirror the overall tone of your podcast. Paint a vivid picture, allowing listeners to visualize and feel the atmosphere of your episodes.
Utilizing AI: The Modern Scriptwriter's Tool
Gone are the days when scriptwriting was a solitary endeavor. Enter AI copywriting software. These tools, some hailed as the best ai copywriting software out there, can help you refine your message, ensuring it's both compelling and concise. By analyzing your podcast's content, these tools can suggest phrasings, keywords, and even structures that resonate with audiences.
For instance, if you're diving into the world of solo podcasting, AI tools can guide you in framing your narrative, suggesting content that has historically engaged listeners in the realm of single host podcasts.
Feedback Loop: The Human Touch
While technology can provide valuable insights, never underestimate the power of human feedback. Share your script with friends, family, or even dedicated listeners. Their feedback can offer a fresh perspective, identifying areas of improvement or points you may have missed.
Perfecting the Call to Action
Your trailer's climax should guide listeners on what to do next. Be it subscribing, checking out a particular episode, or joining a community discussion, your call to action should be clear and inviting. Remember, you're not just presenting your podcast; you're inviting them into your world.
From Text to Audio: Podcast Editing Service for Trailers
If the script is the soul of your trailer, then the audio quality is the alluring attire that dresses it up. While a well-written script engages the listener's mind, it's the auditory experience that truly immerses them. And just as you wouldn't wear a tattered outfit to a premiere, you shouldn't let poor audio quality detract from your podcast's first impression.
First Impressions Count
In the world of podcasts, listeners often make judgments within the first few seconds. Crisp, clear audio signals professionalism and a commitment to quality, immediately boosting your credibility. On the other hand, audio plagued by pops, hisses, or uneven volume can turn potential listeners away before they've even given your content a chance.
Choosing the Right Equipment
While professional podcast agencies might have access to state-of-the-art studios, that doesn't mean a solo podcaster can't achieve great sound. It starts with choosing a quality microphone and headphones. There are a plethora of options out there catering to various budgets, so investing in good equipment doesn't necessarily mean breaking the bank.
Environment is Key
Before hitting that record button, take a moment to assess your surroundings. Reducing background noise is essential. Simple steps, like recording in a carpeted room, using soft furnishings to dampen sound, or even makeshift measures like draping a blanket over your recording space, can make a marked difference.
Post-Production: Where Magic Happens
Recording is just the first step. Post-production is where you sculpt and polish, turning raw audio into a seamless auditory experience. Here's where a podcast editing service becomes invaluable.
Eliminating Distractions: From pesky plosive sounds (those annoying "p" pops) to the distant hum of an air conditioner, a good editor can help minimize these distractions.
Strategic Pauses and Timing: Align your audio perfectly with any background music or sound effects to ensure your message shines through clearly.
Wondering about the costs? The question of "how much does it cost to edit a podcast?" can vary based on factors like the complexity of your trailer, desired turnaround time, and specific editing needs. Fortunately, with a rising demand for podcast content, there are options available for various budgets.
Considering Outsourcing
If audio editing isn't your forte or if time constraints are an issue, consider outsourcing. There are many dedicated podcast editing services, ranging from individuals offering freelance services to full-fledged podcast agencies. With a bit of research, you can find a service that matches your needs and budget.
Embrace Technology
For those navigating the world of podcasting solo, technological tools can be a godsend. There are AI-driven solutions that assist in refining audio quality, auto-adjusting levels, and even removing unwanted background noises. While they might not replace a skilled human editor entirely, they're an excellent option for podcasters who need a helping hand.
Utilizing Music and Sound Effects: Setting the Tone
Music and sound effects are more than just auditory embellishments; they're the spices in the gourmet dish that is your podcast trailer. Just as a pinch of salt can elevate a dish's flavor, the right audio elements can elevate your trailer, evoking emotions and crafting an atmosphere that resonates with listeners.
Choosing the Right Soundtrack
The right background music can set the entire mood for your trailer. Here's how to pick the perfect track:
Match the Genre: A light-hearted comedy podcast might benefit from an upbeat, jazzy tune, while a true-crime series could lean on a moody, suspenseful track.
Tempo Matters: A faster-paced song can convey excitement and urgency, while a slower tempo might evoke introspection or calm.
Instrumentation: Consider if you want vocals in your background music or if instrumental tracks might be less distracting and more universal.
Licensing and Rights: Always ensure you have the rights to use a piece of music. There are many royalty-free music libraries available where you can purchase tracks for a one-time fee or subscribe for unlimited access.
Sound Effects: Subtle Yet Powerful
When used judiciously, sound effects can provide texture and depth to your trailer:
Atmospheric Sounds: These can help paint a vivid picture. Imagine introducing a travel podcast with the soft murmur of a crowded market or gentle ocean waves.
Emphasis and Punctuation: A comedic punchline might be followed by a drum rimshot, or a revelation in a mystery podcast heightened with a dramatic sting.
Transitions: Use sound effects to seamlessly transition between different sections of your trailer, signaling a shift in topic or mood.
Balance is Crucial
While it's tempting to fill your trailer with an array of sounds, restraint is essential. The focus should always remain on your primary message. Overloading can distract listeners and make your trailer sound cluttered.
Free vs. Paid Resources
While there are many free resources available for music and sound effects, quality can vary significantly. Investing in quality audio, even if it involves a small fee, can make all the difference. Additionally, paid resources often come with clearer licensing terms, ensuring you don't run into any copyright issues down the line.
Show Notes for Your Trailer: An Often-Overlooked Touch
While the audible essence of your podcast trailer captivates the ears, show notes act as a beacon for both eyes and search engines. They offer context, provide supplemental information, and significantly aid in making your podcast discoverable in the vast sea of digital content.
Why Show Notes Matter
Boosting Discoverability: In the digital age, SEO (Search Engine Optimization) is king. Properly structured and keyword-optimized show notes can increase your podcast's visibility in search engine results, making it easier for potential listeners to find you.
Providing Value: Not everyone might have the time or environment to listen to your trailer immediately. Detailed show notes give these individuals a textual snapshot of what your podcast entails.
Building Anticipation: A well-crafted show note can act like a movie blurb, heightening intrigue and setting expectations.
Crafting the Perfect Podcast Shownotes
Keep it Concise: While it's important to provide detail, don't overwhelm your audience. Aim for clarity and brevity.
Highlight Key Points: What are the main themes or subjects your podcast will tackle? Giving potential listeners a taste can hook them in.
Introduce the Host(s): Especially if you're venturing into the realm of single host podcasts or podcasting by yourself, give a brief intro. This personal touch can create an instant connection with potential listeners.
Include a Call to Action (CTA): Encourage listeners to subscribe, share, or follow you on social platforms.
Link to Relevant Resources: If your podcast is based on research, interviews, or references certain products or services, link to them. This not only offers value but also establishes credibility.
Leveraging AI for Show Notes
For those wondering about the nuances of crafting effective show notes, technology offers a solution. Using tools like Podium's podcast show notes generator, the process can be significantly simplified. These tools utilize Podcast AI to extract key points, topics, and themes from your trailer, creating a structured, SEO-optimized show note.
Example of Podcast Show Notes:
"In today's episode of 'Travel Treasures', join solo host Amelia as she ventures into the heart of the Amazon, revealing hidden gems and untold tales. Dive into indigenous cultures, taste exotic cuisines, and uncover the mysteries of the rainforest. Want more? Subscribe now and embark on a journey like no other every week!"
Integration with Podcast Platforms
Once you have your show notes ready, it's crucial to ensure they're properly integrated with your podcast hosting platform. Many platforms support rich text, allowing for bullet points, hyperlinks, and even images, further enhancing the listener's experience.
The Role of AI in Creating Trailers
AI's burgeoning role in the world of content creation is unmistakable, and podcasting is no exception. AI isn't just about robots and futuristic endeavors; it's now a collaborative tool, amplifying human creativity and simplifying the podcasting process. For trailers, especially, AI tools have made leaps and bounds in crafting content that resonates, saving creators time, and enhancing the final output.
How AI Streamlines Podcast Trailer Creation
Content Summarization: One of the fundamental challenges of creating a trailer is condensing hours of content into a bite-sized teaser. AI-driven tools, such as podcast summarizers, can analyze your episodes and highlight the most engaging or relevant snippets, ensuring your trailer captures the essence of your show.
Scripting Made Easier: With copywriting software AI like Podium, crafting the perfect script becomes less daunting. By analyzing trends, audience preferences, and previous successful trailers, AI provides insights and suggestions, leading to a punchy and engaging script.
Transcription in a Jiffy: If you've got a golden snippet from a previous episode that you want to include in your trailer, tools like the podcast to text converter can instantly transcribe audio, ensuring accuracy and saving countless hours of manual work.
Customization at Scale: AI can tailor recommendations based on your podcast's genre, audience demographics, and previous engagement metrics. This means that whether you're producing a light-hearted comedy or a deep, investigative piece, the AI provides insights that align with your content.
Harnessing the Power of Podium
Podium, with its sleek, Apple-esque design and functionality, is at the forefront of integrating AI with podcasting:
Show Notes and Highlights: No more sifting through episodes for the best moments. Podium's AI-driven podcast show notes generator and highlight feature present a curated list, offering a treasure trove of potential content for your trailer.
Adaptive Learning: The more you use it, the better it gets. Podium learns from your podcasting style, your audience's preferences, and engagement metrics to refine its suggestions over time.
Convert and Expand: Whether you're looking to turn a podcast into a video or vice versa, Podium's suite of tools, like the video to summary converter, ensures your content is adaptable and accessible across platforms.
Cost Efficiency: Concerned about how much does it cost to edit a podcast or hire agencies? Podium's suite of AI-driven tools might be a cost-effective solution. With its capabilities, you can reduce reliance on external services, making the podcasting process more economical and efficient.
Sharing Your Trailer: Hook New Listeners
In today's digital age, producing an engaging podcast trailer is only half the battle. The other half? Making sure it reaches the right ears. An epic trailer tucked away in the recesses of the internet won't serve your brand or story. Here's how to strategically share your freshly crafted podcast trailer, ensuring it casts the widest net and catches the most fish, metaphorically speaking!
Diverse Platforms, Diverse Audiences
Podcast Directories: Start with the basics. Platforms like Apple Podcasts, Spotify, and Google Podcasts are where most listeners congregate. Upload your trailer here, ensuring it's the first thing a potential listener encounters when they stumble upon your show.
Social Media Blitz: Every platform offers a unique audience:
Instagram: Use teasers, IGTV, and Stories to share snippets of your trailer. Engage with polls or Q&A sessions about your upcoming content.
Twitter: Perfect for rapid sharing, engaging with fans, and joining podcast-centric conversations. Tweet threads can narrate the story of your podcast creation.
LinkedIn: If your content has a professional or industry focus, don't overlook this platform. Share insights and behind-the-scenes content related to your podcast's theme.
TikTok: If your audience skews younger, TikTok's quick bites can be an excellent place for snappy highlights from your trailer.
Your Own Website: Embed the trailer prominently on your site, ensuring site visitors get an immediate taste of your podcasting brilliance. Pair it with compelling show notes, courtesy of tools like Podium's notes generator, to add an SEO boost.
Email Newsletters: If you've cultivated an email list, this is gold. Share your trailer directly to the inboxes of those already invested in your content. Personalize the experience, perhaps sharing some exclusive insights or behind-the-scenes tidbits.
Collaborations and Cross-Promotion
Guest Appearances: Featuring on other podcasts? It's a perfect opportunity to promote your trailer. Similarly, invite others onto your podcast and ask them to share the trailer with their audiences.
Local Media: If your podcast has a local angle, think about sharing with local radio stations, newspapers, or community websites.
Feedback Loop: Engage and Adapt
Listen to Feedback: As you share your trailer, be all ears to listener feedback. This not only helps improve future episodes but also fine-tunes your marketing strategies.
Monitor Analytics: Platforms like Podium can provide insights into how many times your trailer has been played, shared, or liked. Use this data to determine which promotional strategies are most effective and pivot if needed.
Iterative Process: As with any content creation, the sharing and promotion of your podcast trailer should be iterative. Keep updating, resharing, and re-engaging with new and existing listeners.
Conclusion
An engaging podcast trailer can be a powerful tool in drawing in new listeners and building anticipation for your show. By understanding the core components of a successful trailer, leveraging tools like AI and professional editing services, and strategically sharing your trailer, you can create a compelling teaser that leaves potential listeners eagerly awaiting their first full episode of your podcast.
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https://hello.podium.page/blog/creating-engaging-podcast-trailers-to-hook-new-listeners
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About Bitcoin
Bitcoin is a decentralised digital currency that has been making waves in the financial world since its creation in 2009. Developed by the pseudonymous Satoshi Nakamoto, Bitcoin was designed to provide an alternative to traditional fiat currencies that are subject to the whims of central banks and governments. Over the years, Bitcoin has grown in popularity and has become a viable investment option for individuals and institutions alike.
One of the reasons why Bitcoin makes an excellent investment is its potential for growth. Bitcoin's supply is limited to 21 million coins, which means that it is inherently scarce. This scarcity, combined with increasing demand, has led to a significant increase in the value of Bitcoin over the years. While Bitcoin's price is notoriously volatile, many investors see it as a potential store of value and a hedge against inflation.
Another reason why Bitcoin is an excellent investment is its decentralisation. Bitcoin is not controlled by any central authority, which means that it is resistant to censorship and government interference. This makes Bitcoin a potentially valuable asset in countries with unstable governments or high inflation rates.
Overall, Bitcoin's potential for growth and its decentralised nature make it an attractive investment option for individuals and institutions alike. As with any investment, it's important to do your own research and understand the risks before investing in Bitcoin. But for those who are willing to take the risk, Bitcoin can potentially offer significant rewards.
Properties of Bitcoin
Bitcoin is a decentralised digital currency that was created in 2009 by an anonymous individual or group known as Satoshi Nakamoto. It is the first and most well-known cryptocurrency in the world. Here are some of the key properties of Bitcoin:
Decentralised: Bitcoin is a decentralised currency, which means it operates without a central authority like a government or a bank. Transactions are verified and recorded on a public ledger called the blockchain, which is maintained by a network of nodes around the world.
Limited supply: The total supply of Bitcoin is capped at 21 million, which means that there will never be more than 21 million Bitcoins in existence. This helps to ensure that Bitcoin maintains its value over time.
Pseudonymous: Bitcoin transactions are recorded on the blockchain, which is public and transparent, but the identities of the people behind the transactions are kept anonymous. Instead, users are identified by a unique public key or wallet address.
Secure: Bitcoin transactions are secured using cryptography, which makes it virtually impossible to hack or counterfeit. The blockchain also ensures that transactions are tamper-proof and irreversible once they are confirmed.
Fast and cheap: Bitcoin transactions can be processed quickly and at a low cost compared to traditional banking methods. This is because there are no intermediaries involved in the transaction process.
Volatile: The value of Bitcoin can be highly volatile, and its price can fluctuate rapidly in response to market demand and other factors.
Global: Bitcoin can be used as a currency anywhere in the world, and it is not subject to the same restrictions as traditional fiat currencies. It can also be used to facilitate cross-border transactions without the need for intermediaries.
Bitcoin price (AUD) on 1st January each year since 2016 and YTD
Great Educational Content
The Bitcoin Adviser is a globally trusted service dedicated to helping bitcoiners manage their Bitcoin investments securely and confidently. They provide institutional-grade custody solutions, robust estate planning, and wealth transfer services, all aimed at preserving your Bitcoin and empowering you with peace of mind
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https://www.bitcoinsuper.io/bitcoin
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Surprise, Christian Radio Host In Jail For Trying To Buy Sex With Young Boys (Whatever, 'Allegedly')
It is almost getting to the point where you can't trust people who lead pious public Christian lives not to try to buy sex with young boys anymore! Authorities
<blockquote>Authorities say Balyo allegedly paid another person, who is a defendant in another child exploitation case, to arrange for sexual encounters with minor victims.</blockquote> OK (randy) Randians, here is your new Objectivist hero!
I've been looking into this here Christianity thing. It seems to be unhealthily fixated on the torture and execution of a lot of people. The more extreme the torture, the better. Lots of obsession with naked bodies in pain.
The second main point seems to be the idea that life on earth doesn't matter; only the next life has any importance. Hence, none of the following things matter: laws, reality, facts, what society thinks, how well you are integrated into society, what you do with your life. Anything bad that you do or that happens can just be dealt with through absolute unhesitating belief that there is a next life after you die.
So you have a pretty toxic mix here: perverse obsession with the body and with torture, combined with a belief that total, unwavering dedication to this obsession is the path to heaven and nothing else matters.
Of course, there's a chunk of the Bible that focuses on some Jewish itinerant preacher named Jesus, who had rather different ideas about religion, but mostly that part seems to get ignored.
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https://www.wonkette.com/p/surprise-christian-radio-host-in-jail-for-trying-to-buy-sex-with-young-boys-whatever-allegedly/comments
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3 Simple Workouts for a Shredded Back
Building an impressive and shredded back not only enhances your physique but plays a crucial role in your overall posture, performance, and health. A strong back is the foundation of your upper body strength, essential for everything from daily activities to peak athletic performance. By engaging in targeted shredded back workouts, you not only work towards that coveted V-taper look but also fortify your frame against injuries and boost functionality in all movement planes.
In this article, we're going to explore three simple yet effective workouts specifically designed to hone and strengthen every major muscle in your powerful back region. These routines have been crafted to hit the latissimus dorsi, trapezius, rhomboids, and erector spinae-muscles that are key players in maintaining an upright posture and facilitating movements such as lifting, pulling, and rowing.
Whether you're at home or at the gym, these exercises will guide you on the pathway to achieving that sculpted appearance while laying a solid foundation for a healthier body.
Moreover, reinforcing the muscles along your spine helps sustain spinal alignment which can mitigate issues arising from sitting for extended periods. Join us as we delve into these transformative shredded back workouts that promise more than just visual enhancements; they're about empowering you to lead a stronger, more active life.
Understanding Your Back Muscles
Anatomy of the Back
Understanding your back muscles is crucial to successfully carry out shredded back workouts and achieve that defined look. The broad spectrum of muscles in the back includes the latissimus dorsi (lats), which are the largest and support arm movement and shoulder stability. The trapezius (traps) muscle extends from your neck to the middle of your back, playing a key role in moving, rotating, and stabilizing the scapula.
Below the traps, lie the rhomboids-smaller muscles responsible for retracting the scapula. Lastly, there's also a series of muscles called the erector spinae running along your spine which are fundamental in maintaining posture and supporting spinal movement.
Each of these muscle groups serves vital functions not merely in athletic performance but also in everyday activities such as lifting objects, twisting your torso or simply standing up straight. Knowing how each muscle interacts within this complex network is essential for designing effective workouts that can lead to a balanced and shredded back.
Daily Activities and Athletic Performance
The muscles within our backs play an instrumental part beyond what meets the eye; they support nearly every movement our body undertakes. For instance, when you pull open a door, it's predominantly your lats at work. Carrying groceries?
That's largely on your traps and rhomboids ensuring those bags don't drag you down. And for any action involving bending or twisting-think tying shoelaces or swinging a golf club-the erector spinae have got you covered by maintaining spinal integrity.
Athletes especially reap benefits from strong back muscles as they contribute significant power and function across various sports. From swimmers who utilize their lats for each stroke to baseball players depending on their rotator cuffs and traps for that powerful swing, having well-developed back musculature is foundational for peak performance regardless of discipline.
Back Muscles Visual Reference
For individuals embarking on building formidable backs, possessing a visual understanding can be tremendously helpful before jumping into shredded back workouts. A graphic with labels indicating where each muscle is situated could serve as an excellent reference point during training sessions; when someone mentions targeting the 'lower lats' or focusing on 'rhomboid strength,' a clear visual reminder helps ensure precision in workout execution.
Furthermore, recognizing where each muscle lives allows trainees to hone their mind-muscle connection-a critical aspect when aiming to engage specific areas during exercises like rows or pulldowns. With heightened awareness facilitated by visual aids, making every rep count becomes second nature as one works toward sculpting that powerful, shredded silhouette only well-trained back muscles can provide.
Pre-Workout Preparation
Before diving into any intense physical training, particularly one aimed at achieving a shredded back, it's crucial to prime your body for the work ahead. Pre-workout preparation not only prepares your muscles and joints for exercise but also mentally gears you up for the upcoming session. This section will cover essential elements of an effective pre-workout routine including dynamic stretching, warm-up exercises, and other tips to set the stage for an effective and safe workout.
Dynamic Stretching Techniques
Dynamic stretches are active movements that help increase blood flow, warm up your muscles, and improve range of motion. Unlike static stretching-which is better suited for cooling down-dynamic stretching mimics the movements of your workout, making it an ideal preparation strategy.
For a back-focused routine, incorporate dynamic stretches such as arm circles, torso twists, and cat-cow stretches into your regimen. These motions target the key areas of your back while preparing other muscle groups that will assist during your shredded back workouts.
Back-Specific Warm-Up Exercises
Engaging in warm-up exercises specific to the back promotes increased muscle temperature and reduces the risk of strains or injuries during strenuous activities. Start with gentle but progressive movements such as band pull-aparts or light-weight bent-over rows to activate your latissimus dorsi; scapular push-ups or shrugs can engage the trapezius and rhomboids without overexertion before heavy lifting.
Gradually increasing intensity throughout these warm-up routines ensures that by the time you're ready to begin your main workout set, your back muscles are adequately prepared.
Hydration, Nutrition and Mental Focus
Hydration should never be overlooked since even mild dehydration can impair physical performance and focus. Drink sufficient water both before starting your workout and throughout to maintain optimal functionality during those challenging sets.
Nutritionally speaking, a snack rich in protein and complex carbohydrates can provide you with a sustained energy release which is beneficial for enduring through lengthy workout sessions. Consuming this approximately 30 – 60 minutes prior allows for digestion while giving you necessary fuel stores.
Lastly, take moments beforehand to clear mental clutter; envisioning successful completion of exercises can enhance focus and determination-a critical driver behind any fitness endeavor. By incorporating these preparatory measures into your regime before tackling shredded back workouts, you'll ensure that both body and mind are in sync towards achieving peak performance.
Workout #1
The pull-up is a fundamental compound exercise that is essential for building a powerful and shredded back. Mastering the pull-up not only engages the latissimus dorsi-commonly known as the "lats"-but it also works out your biceps, trapezius, and even your abdominal muscles. Proper form is critical when it comes to this exercise to ensure you're working the intended muscles effectively and preventing injury.
When doing pull-ups, start with your arms fully extended above you, gripping the bar just wider than shoulder-width apart. As you pull yourself up, focus on driving your elbows down towards your hips to really activate those lats. Your chin should come over the bar before slowly lowering yourself back to the starting position.
For beginners who may struggle with standard pull-ups, it's important to start at an appropriate level of difficulty and progressively build strength over time. There are several variations and aids that can help in this progression:
Band-Assisted Pull-Ups: By looping a resistance band over the bar and inserting your feet or knees into it, you can offset some of your weight during the exercise.
Negative Pull-Ups: Jump or use a step to get your chin above the bar then slowly lower yourself down with control; this focuses on the eccentric part of movement which builds strength.
As you advance in strength and agility with pull-ups, you can introduce more challenging variations such as weighted pull-ups where additional weights are added via a belt or vest. Grip changes like using a wider grip or narrow grip work different portions of your back muscles too, offering a more comprehensive shredded back workout.
Another effective variation includes L-sit or leg-raised pull-ups which demand extra core engagement thus providing an added challenge while promoting muscle growth across both primary and stabilizing muscle groups.
Pull-ups certainly contribute considerably to developing a shredded back but their benefits are manifold stretching beyond muscular aesthetics. They improve grip strength which is vital for other lifting exercises and everyday functional movements like carrying groceries or opening jars. Incorporating regular pull-up progressions into one's fitness routine pays off immensely in terms of posture correction too given how they reinforce proper spinal alignment by strengthening upper back muscles.
Workout #2
Dumbbells are a versatile piece of equipment that can be utilized to target the many muscle groups in the back effectively. The dumbbell row, in particular, is an essential exercise for anyone seeking a well-defined back. It primarily targets the latissimus dorsi but also engages the middle and lower trapezius, rhomboids, and even the posterior shoulder muscles.
To perform a dumbbell row correctly, one must maintain a stable stance with one knee on a bench or solid surface. Keeping their back parallel to the ground, they should pull the weight upwards towards their chest while keeping their elbow close to their body and then slowly lower it back down.
Exercise
Main Muscles Worked
Dumbbell Row
Latissimus Dorsi, Trapezius, Rhomboids
In addition to rows, deadlifts are another fundamental component of any shredded back workouts regime. While commonly associated with lower body strength, deadlifts are incredibly beneficial for developing overall back strength and muscularity as well.
When performed correctly with a flat-back and braced core, this compound movement recruits much of the posterior chain including erector spinae which is vital for maintaining proper posture and spine health. For those starting out or looking to protect their lower backs, variations like the Romanian deadlift may be preferable since it focuses more on the hamstrings and glutes while still targeting the erector spinae muscles of the lower back.
Reverse flyes are another critical movement for achieving a balanced workout focusing on dumbbells' strength capacity in creating resistance. This exercise is excellent for isolating the rear deltoids along with involving smaller stabilizer muscles within the upper back such as teres minor and infraspinatus from your rotator cuff group. It's imperative to keep movements slow and controlled during reverse flyes; flaring elbows out wide while focusing on squeezing shoulder blades together will maximize engagement across these muscle groups.
Exercise
Main Muscles Worked
Deadlifts
Erector Spinae, Posterior Chain (Glutes/Hamstrings)
Reverse Flyes
Rear Deltoids, Teres Minor, Infraspinatus
Achieving progression with these exercises may involve increasing weight gradually or altering stance positions such as wider or narrower foot placement during rows and deadlifts to challenge different aspects of one's musculature over time. Users should focus on maintaining full range motion throughout these exercises to prevent injury while maximizing muscle growth potential; performing each movement within its complete path ensures all relevant fiber groups get activated during each phase of lifting.
Remember that consistency is key when executing these workouts; incorporating them regularly into your fitness routine alongside adequate rest times will ensure you achieve desirable results over time – not just aesthetics but gains in functional strength too.
Workout #3
Bodyweight exercises are a fantastic way to sculpt and strengthen your back without the need for any equipment. One of the excellent workouts that target the muscles in your back is the inverted row. This exercise calls for you to position yourself underneath a sturdy bar or table, grabbing it with an overhand grip.
You'll need to pull your chest up to the bar while keeping your body straight like a plank, then lower yourself back down with control. This move effectively targets your lats, rhomboids, and traps, contributing significantly to achieving that shredded look.
The Superman raise is another simple yet incredibly effective bodyweight exercise for hitting those all-important lower back muscles. To perform this exercise, you should lie face down on the floor with arms extended in front of you. Lift both your arms and legs simultaneously as high as possible, creating a gentle arch in your back – like Superman flying.
The key is to hold at the top momentarily before lowering down slowly. By doing this, you're not only working on muscle strength but also enhancing endurance and stability in the erector spinae region.
Back extensions round off this trio of bodyweight exercises targeted at whipping your back into shredded shape. Usually done on a Roman chair or stability ball, if performed without equipment; simply lie face down on the ground with hands behind your head or extended in front for added difficulty.
Slowly lift your chest off the ground by engaging your lower back muscles-hold briefly at the top before returning to start position. Fitting these exercises into regular routines can lead to significant gains in muscle mass and overall back strength.
Exercise
Sets
Inverted Rows
3-4
Superman Raises
3-4
Back Extensions
3-4
Repetition schemes can vary based on fitness levels, ranging from 5-10 repetitions for beginners up to 15-20 for more advanced individuals per set. Rest periods between sets should be kept around one minute to ensure intensity remains high throughout each session dedicated to these shredded back workouts.
Incorporating Shredded Back Workouts Into Your Routine
Getting a shredded back requires not just knowing the right exercises but also understanding how to incorporate them effectively into your workout routine. The goal is to balance intensity with recovery, ensuring that the muscles have time to repair and grow stronger. Here are some strategies for seamlessly adding shredded back workouts into your weekly schedule.
Begin by planning your training week. A good rule of thumb is to train your back twice a week, allowing ample rest between sessions; this ensures that muscles fully recover. On Day 1, you might focus on Workout #1: The Classic Pull-Up Progression, taking advantage of the compound movement that engages several muscle groups at once.
Later in the week, say on Day 4 or 5 after sufficient recovery, you could tackle Workout #2: Dumbbell Domination or Workout #3: Bodyweight Back Blaster. This scheduling allows your back muscles to experience varied stimuli and encourages balanced development.
In addition to these workouts, it's important to balance out training by working on other muscle groups and incorporating full-body exercises. On days you're not focusing on your back, target legs, arms, chest, and core – this approach will prevent imbalances in muscle growth and performance.
Full-body workouts like squats or kettlebell swings can complement dedicated back sessions because they still engage the back albeit less intensely than targeted exercises do. This holistic approach fosters overall fitness while still moving you closer towards achieving a well-defined, muscular back.
Lastly, bear in mind rest days are just as essential as workout days for building a shredded back. Overworking can lead to fatigue or worse yet injuries which sideline progress altogether.
Each session should be intense enough to challenge your muscles but spaced out enough to offer healing time. Pay attention to any signs of overtraining such as extended soreness or decreased strength and adjust accordingly-sometimes an extra day off or an active recovery session can do wonders for overall progress.
Advanced Tips for a Shredded Back
Achieving a shredded back isn't just a matter of performing the right exercises; it involves incorporating advanced training techniques to push your muscles beyond their comfort zone and into new realms of growth. One such technique is the use of supersets, where you perform two exercises back-to-back with no rest in between.
Supersets can significantly increase the intensity of your workout, allowing you to get more done in less time and stimulate those stubborn muscle fibers that are essential for achieving a well-defined back. For instance, after completing a set of pull-ups, you could immediately move on to dumbbell rows, effectively targeting different muscle groups in your back without giving them a chance to rest.
Another advanced strategy to incorporate into your shredded back workouts is drop sets. This method involves performing an exercise until failure, then reducing the weight and continuing to do more reps until failure is reached again.
This process can be repeated several times and is particularly effective for destroying muscle plateau limitations and promoting hypertrophy. Drop sets can be easily applied to weighted exercises such as deadlifts or lat pull-downs, helping to exhaust the muscles fully and encourage significant strength gains as well as improve muscular endurance.
In addition to intensifying your workouts with these techniques, understanding the importance of grip variations is crucial for comprehensive back development. Altering your grip during exercises like pull-ups or rows can target different areas of your back muscles.
For example, employing a wide grip will focus more on the outer lats while a close grip tends to hit the central part of your back along with biceps engagement more intensely. Moreover, alternating between overhand and underhand grips can further diversify your training stimulus which helps in developing both strength and muscle symmetry across the entire back.
By implementing these advanced techniques into your regimen delicately and progressively, you will bring about significant improvements in muscular development leading you towards that coveted shredded appearance. It's important to remember that when elevating workout complexity through these methods, form should never be sacrificed for added resistance or additional reps-the risk of injury outweighs any potential gain from improper execution.
Nutrition and Supplements to Complement Your Workouts
Optimal nutrition is an essential component of any fitness regimen, particularly when striving for a shredded back. The muscles need the right balance of nutrients to recover from workouts and grow stronger. Proteins, carbohydrates, and fats play pivotal roles in repairing muscle tissue, supplying energy, and maintaining overall health.
When focusing on gaining lean muscle mass for that chiseled look, it's crucial to consume adequate amounts of protein; this macronutrient is the building block of muscles. High-protein foods such as chicken breast, turkey, eggs, cottage cheese, legumes, and tofu should be staples in your diet. Alongside proteins, complex carbohydrates like brown rice, quinoa, sweet potatoes and oatmeal provide sustained energy for intense workouts.
In terms of meal timing around your shredded back workouts, consider eating a balanced meal containing proteins and carbohydrates at least one to two hours before exercising; this helps ensure you have enough fuel for the workout ahead. A post-workout meal or shake that combines protein and carbs can also significantly aid recovery by kickstarting the repair process; aim to consume this within 30 minutes after your session ends.
While a solid diet can cover most nutritional bases necessary for building a strong back, supplements might be beneficial in bolstering your efforts. Branch Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs) are popular for reducing muscle soreness post-exercise and can enhance endurance during your training.
Protein powders make meeting daily protein requirements more convenient – whey protein post-workout is especially effective due to its rapid absorption rate – while plant-based options such as pea or hemp are excellent alternatives for those following vegan diets. Additionally, creatine monohydrate has been shown to boost performance during short bursts of high-intensity exercise such as lifting weights and could expedite back muscle growth over time when added to a well-rounded nutritional plan.
Keep in mind that supplements should complement rather than replace whole foods in your diet; they're most useful when used strategically around workouts or during times when you might find it challenging to get certain nutrients from food alone. Always opt for quality products from reputable brands and consider consulting a nutritionist or healthcare provider if you're uncertain about what's best for your specific fitness goals and dietary needs.
Conclusion
Achieving a shredded back is a journey that requires not just hard work, but also commitment, consistency, and patience. Having an impressive set of muscles along the spine is about more than merely looking good-it is essential for maintaining proper posture, enhancing performance in physical activities, and ensuring long-term health and injury prevention.
The workouts outlined in this article are designed to target all major muscle groups in the back, offering versatility to your training program while promoting balanced growth and strength.
For those willing to put in the necessary effort into these shredded back workouts, the rewards extend far beyond aesthetics. A strong back forms the pillar of your body's core strength and allows you to engage more effectively in day-to-day activities as well as athletic pursuits.
Committing to these exercises means dedicating yourself not just to a workout regimen but also embracing a lifestyle that prioritizes overall wellness-including adequate rest and recovery. Without taking time for healing and recuperation, even the most strenuous workouts can lead to diminishing returns or worse, injury.
In closing, let this be an invitation-a call to action-for you to commence this transformative fitness voyage with dedication at its core. Begin integrating these potent workouts into your routine; record your progress over time while staying alert to your body's needs through rest and nutrition.
Remember that incremental improvements are vital for sustained advancement; celebrate small victories along the path toward achieving your ultimate goal of a muscular and well-defined back. We invite you to share your experiences with these exercises-your challenges overcome, lessons learned, milestones reached-to motivate others embarking on similar paths towards personal physical
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https://steroidscanada.ca/3-simple-workouts-for-a-shredded-back/
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Location Of Stickers
Sticker layers on an acoustic or classical guitar may dampen the sound, as their top and back functions like vibrating membranes.
Vibrations caused by guitar strings cause soundboard vibration, which is also transmitted to the side and back of the instrument, producing air vibration inside its body.
Anything that affects this vibration – such as a thick sticker – will alter its overall sound.
Therefore, when an acoustic guitar's sticker is placed at the top, its tonality will be more affected than an electric guitar's.
The tone of an electric guitar depends on factors like pickups, scale length and bridge position.
Sticker Properties
The properties of the stickers you use can significantly impact the sound quality of your guitar.
Heavy and thick stickers tend to produce a different tone as changes in mass will alter how well your instrument resonates.
Due to mass, changes in vibrations will be subtler. While adding lighter stickers may make a tonal difference, their presence will not be immediately obvious.
Is There An Impact On Sound Quality When Stickers Are Used On A Guitar?
Whether you play an acoustic, electric, or bass guitar, maintaining its sound quality is crucial. While some people may think that applying stickers to certain parts of a guitar can affect the sound, this is not the case.
Fortunately, you can use any stickers you like on your guitar without altering its sound.
This allows you to express yourself creatively by adding stickers of your favorite bands or TV characters to your guitar components.
If you notice any sound quality change after applying stickers to your guitar, it is likely due to other factors such as the need to change strings or adjust certain settings.
Which Guitar Components Are Suitable For Putting Stickers On?
While it is generally safe to place stickers on any guitar component, some parts are more suitable than others as they won't cause any damage or leave glue stains.
One such component is the back of the guitar, which provides ample space for creative self-expression. Since it is not visible to most people, it won't affect the guitar's original design.
The sides of the guitar body, particularly the edges, are also a great place to put stickers without any concerns.
Rather than sticking them directly on the body, placing them on the edges can add a subtle touch of personality that requires people to tilt their heads to see, making it a cool and mysterious way to show off your style.
Guidelines For Removing Stickers From A Guitar: What To Do And What To Avoid
If you have had stickers on your guitar for some time, you may eventually need to remove them.
However, following the right approach is essential, or you could risk damaging the guitar's original quality.
To safely remove stickers from your guitar, you can use specialized adhesive removers available for purchase.
When using these removers, avoiding aggressive scraping is important, as this could cause additional damage.
Before using any solvent or adhesive remover on your guitar, it's crucial to test it first on a small, inconspicuous area, such as the back of the guitar, to ensure that it won't have any adverse effects on the wood.
If the product does cause any damage, it's better to avoid using it altogether and seek professional help.
Taking a cautious and systematic approach to removing stickers from your guitar can help preserve its original quality and ensure it remains in good condition for years.
Is It Common To Experience Pain In Your Fingertips When You Play The Guitar?
Aspiring guitarists often wonder if learning to play guitar will cause pain and discomfort in their fingertips.
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2999e017-d87b-4c1c-b5f3-cdc4090d470d
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https://www.anitacollinsmusic.com/where-to-put-stickers-on-guitar/
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Creating a Farmers Market Living Lab: Lessons Learned in Growing a Farmers Market
This booklet is the result of asking the question: What can we do to increase sales and attendance at our market? At first glance, it is a very simple question, but we found that the answer is more complex. We begin with a bit more detail on the question itself...
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eng
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4e7afff8-bbdc-49c3-b292-9c682fcb8d93
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https://www.historiclewesfarmersmarket.org/creating-a-farmers-market/
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Parent to Parent
'Daniel Siegel and Tina Payne Bryson have created a masterful, reader-friendly guide to helping children grow their emotional intelligence. This brilliant method transforms everyday interactions into valuable brain-shaping moments. Anyone who cares for children — or who loves a child — should read The Whole-Brain Child.'
Daniel Goleman, author of Emotional Intelligence
A NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER
Your toddler throws a tantrum in the middle of a store. Your preschooler refuses to get dressed. Your fifth-grader sulks on the bench instead of playing on the field. Do children conspire to make their parents' lives endlessly challenging? No — it's just their developing brain calling the shots!
In this pioneering, practical book, Daniel J. Siegel, neuropsychiatrist and author of the bestselling book Mindsight, and parenting expert Tina Payne Bryson demystify the meltdowns and aggravation, explaining the can seem — and feel — so out of control. By applying these discoveries to everyday parenting, you can turn any outburst, argument, or fear into a chance to integrate your child's brain and foster vital growth. Raise calmer, happier children using twelve key strategies, including:
Name It to Tame It: Corral raging right-brain behaviour through left-brain storytelling, appealing to the left brain's affinity for words and reasoning to calm emotional storms and bodily tension.
Let the Clouds of Emotion Roll By: Guide your children when they are stuck on a negative emotion, and help them understand that feelings come and go.
SIFT: Help children pay attention to the Sensations, Images, Feelings, and Thoughts within them so that they can make better decisions and be more flexible.
Connect Through Conflict: Use discord to encourage empathy and greater social success.
Complete with clear explanations, age-appropriate strategies for dealing with day-to-day struggles, and illustrations that will help you explain these concepts to your child, The Whole-Brain Child shows you how to cultivate healthy emotional and intellectual development so that your children can lead balanced, meaningful, and connected lives.
AUTHORS
Daniel J. Siegel
Daniel J. Siegel, MD, received his medical degree from Harvard University and completed his postgraduate medical education at UCLA, where he is currently a clinical professor. He is the executive director of the Mindsight Institute, and the author of numerous books, including the bestsellers Mindsight and Brainstorm, as well as No-Drama Discipline and The Whole-Brain Child (co-authored with Tina Payne Bryson). He lives in Los Angeles with his wife and occasionally with his launched adolescents.
Tina Payne Bryson
Tina Payne Bryson, PhD, is a pediatric and adolescent psychotherapist, parenting consultant, and the director of parenting education and development for the Mindsight Institute. A frequent lecturer to parents, educators, and professionals, she lives near Los Angeles with her husband and three
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eng
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51c99790-8f14-4a01-bea6-d61949e924a3
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https://scribepublications.com.au/books-authors/books/the-whole-brain-child-9781921844775
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Azure Key Vault is a safe place for cloud security professionals who want to keep their secrets… well, secret! And while it's your safest bet to keep your crypto keys, certificates, and other secrets safe, it can become your worst enemy if you don't manage it correctly.
What is Azure Key Vault?
Before we begin looking at best practices and security features of Key Vault, let's go over the basics.
Azure Key Vault is a Microsoft Azure product that securely stores secrets, certificates, and cryptographic keys and facilitates their usage by applications and services. It also allows users to manage a key's lifecycle, from key generation to destruction.
Did you know that if you create a key in a Key Vault, you can never actually see it? This is to safeguard against a human leaking the key. This also applies to imported keys.
Azure Key Vault has two service tiers: Standard and Premium. The only difference between them is that Premium allows HSM protection for keys. HSM (Hardware Security Module) provides hardware security on top of the software security supplied by Azure as a fully managed, single tenant, premium safeguard. This is the most stringent security measure that can be applied to crypto keys.
Access control management in Azure Key Vault
Key Vault authorization is done on two different planes:
The management plane, which allows users to delete key vaults, update access policies, and see properties, and
The data plane, where Key Vault objects can be added, deleted and modified.
Basically, if you have access to the management plane, you can modify the cloud resource but have no access to the actual data in it. The opposite goes for the data plane, where you can make operations on the secrets, keys, and certificates but cannot, for example, add or remove access policies. You can delete a key, but not the actual key vault.
Now that we know the difference between the two planes, let's look at some of the most used built-in RBAC roles for Key Vaults. Remember that Role Base Access Controls (RBAC) are used to restrict access to the network based on the user's role.
Authorization for the data plane can be done using Azure Key Vault access policies as well as RBAC roles, but for the management plane, only RBAC roles can be used. Access policies are now considered legacy, and we recommend using RBAC.
And while access control policies help you define fine-grained control over objects and resources, this is not the way to go anymore. Policies are not a centralized management solution, meaning that you can't just see and change permissions in one place; you would have to check each policy to see what a user's effective permissions are. Moreover, removing permissions can be difficult; the user no longer needs access to keys? Instead of going over one or more policies and unchecking the boxes that give them access, you can just remove their Key Vault Crypto Officer role, and you're done! That way you don't risk forgetting about a policy in the process.
To transition from access policies to RBAC, assess current permissions for all users, change to an RBAC permission model, establish the correct roles for them (and follow the Least Privilege Principle), assign those roles, and thoroughly test the setup. And to know which Key Vault Roles to use, keep reading this article!
Roles in Azure Key Vault
Managing access control correctly and using the appropriate role for the job is good practice for cloud security. Following the Least Privilege Principle and only providing the necessary permissions are the keys to minimizing attack surfaces and giving your cloud environment the best chance against attackers.
Let's look at some of the available built-in Key Vault roles provided by Microsoft Azure. Remember that these roles only work if you've set Azure RBAC as the permission model (which is recommended).
Key Vault Reader: This role provides the user with permission to read metadata of key vaults and their objects (certificates, keys, secrets).
Key Vault Administrator: As an Administrator, you have all data plane permissions on all types of objects.
Key Vault Secrets Officer, Key Vault Certificates Officer, Key Vault Crypto Officer: These three roles allow users to perform all actions on the type of Key Vault object the role is for, except managing permissions. So, a Key Vault Certificates Officer would have permissions on certificates, and so on.
Key Vault Secrets User, Key Vault Crypto User: These roles are similar to the previous one but have fewer permissions. The Secrets user can see the secret contents. The Crypto user can perform cryptographic operations using the keys stored in the Key Vault. Notice how there's no Key Vault Certificates User? The Secrets user can also read the secret portion of a certificate with a private key, so apps use this role to retrieve certificates.
Keep in mind that users who can manage permissions over the Key Vault can grant themselves data plane permissions by modifying the access policies, so this plane segregation only goes so far. For this reason, I will once again remind you – follow the Least Privilege Principle! Don't give users more permissions than the bare minimum they need to do their job.
Excess privileges can be a gateway to disaster.
Safety and recovery features in Azure Key Vault
Azure Key Vault has a very useful feature called soft-delete. This allows for Key Vaults and Key Vault objects to remain recoverable for a period of 7 to 90 days (if no period is specified, then the default is set to 90). So, if someone accidentally deletes something, it can still be recovered within that timeframe.
Soft-delete is set to Enabled by default for new Key Vaults, and if a Key Vault has soft-delete enabled, it can never be disabled. By design, Azure Key Vault makes it hard for users to lose their keys!
Besides soft-delete, there's also purge protection. This is another safety feature that goes beyond soft-delete, by preventing accidental permanent deletion. If you want to protect your Azure Key Vault from deletion while it is in its soft-deleted state, it ensures that no-one can delete it before the soft-delete period is over. Once purge protection is enabled, just like soft-delete, it cannot be disabled.
To purge a Key Vault or a Key Vault object, you must have special permissions that are not, by default, given to any role. The argument –enable-purge-protection can also be set to true to prevent anyone from purging a resource.
If this sounds all complicated, we can sum it up easily: once you delete a soft-delete-enabled Key Vault resource, it goes into the soft-delete state for a set period. If you also have purge protection enabled, you can't force delete it before that period is up. It's a layered protection model; you must go through multiple steps to delete a resource, making it as fool-proof as possible.
In terms of backup, Azure recommends that you only backup secrets that are business critical; due to the nature of Key Vaults, the objects stored in them are already ensured availability: "Key Vault maintains availability in disaster scenarios and will automatically failover requests to a paired region without any intervention from a user".
You also can't back up your vault. It can be an annoyance, but you must back up each object and then restore them one by one. To do this, you download a blob containing the secret in an encrypted form, which you can then upload back in your Azure Key Vault. You have to upload it back in the same subscription to be able to use it (and, of course, in Azure Key Vault, not somewhere else).
Logging and protection in Azure Key Vault
Besides following the best practices described in this article, you can also enable Microsoft Defender for Key Vault. This enables:
You can find all of these best practices and more in the Cyscale app, where we highlight misconfigurations and give you step-by-step instructions on configuring Azure Key Vaults correctly and keeping your secrets safe.
Sabrina Lupsan merges her academic knowledge in Information Security with practical research to analyze and strengthen cloud security. At Cyscale, she leverages her Azure Security
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3d99a2f5-8314-4a9b-90b5-3c9e7d86957f
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https://cyscale.com/blog/azure-key-vault-explained/
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I have this form, which has a input type="hidden", but submit button and action is attached a JSON function. I was wondering how is that hidden field suppose to work and pass on into a JSON object. Generally, it is related to generation on a random number (which again makes me think how, can hidden input field does it)
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9b145306-868b-4d22-9053-2d9be74dc837
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https://www.sitepoint.com/community/t/use-of-hidden-input/205688
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Abstract
title = "Self-supervised learning for anomaly detection with dynamic local augmentation",
abstract = ".",
N2AB
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eng
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29f72725-ae0d-45ab-a16b-62a4976e0e91
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https://pure.korea.ac.kr/en/publications/self-supervised-learning-for-anomaly-detection-with-dynamic-local
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This airline HAS/HAVE partnered with another company? To me, when referring to a company by its official name, it should be seen as a collective entity with the verb in singular form ('has'). This is because the overall entity is being referred to (especially in the instance shown below).
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2016-02-15
8. The puppy has had its breakfast. 9. The students have rehearsed well. 10.
AlsoPersonally, I love tomatoes, so I always ___ have tomatoes on my pizza!
your company has completed the registration process in the Reporting Portal,; you are registered as the authorised signatory with the Swedish Companies
Have and has are present tense conjugations of the verb "to have". This airline HAS/HAVE partnered with another company? To me, when referring to a company by its official name, it should be seen as a collective entity with the verb in singular form ('has').
I have just gone through the switch from permanent to contract myself (and have signed my first contract in the last week). The terms I was using in my frequent discussions with recruitment agents were: I am looking for a contract rather than permanent employment; I am moving from permanent to contracting and I am seeking my first contract
Use have when the subject is a plural noun or plural pronoun. The first person singular pronoun 'I' also take have. Complete the following sentences using has or have. 1. My parents ……………….. got an old Rolls Royce. Correct!
Filing a DS01 form. There are a number of
5 Oct 2020 When we talk about a company, Board of directors of company are important (c ) who has or had no pecuniary relationship, other than
Take a long term view of your manpower needs, including the need to maintain a strong Singaporean core. Inform MOM before carrying out any retrenchment
it has sufficient cash and unused credit lines/borrowing facilities to meet short- term needs;; further actions are needed by management to enable the company to
17 May 2019 For example, a company may have dormant status for corporation tax They define a dormant company as one that has had no significant
Although the sole trader route, which is commonly referred to as being self employed, If your limited company has more than one shareholder you should get a
Generally, have is a PRESENT TENSE word. Has is used alongside the PRONOUNS He / She / It and Who and SINGULAR NOUNS. However, there are some
It's combined with another verb to complete the meaning of a sentence. Kriminalvarden anstalten skanninge
That type of corporation is called a stock corporation.Instead, a non-stock corporation typically has members who are the functional equivalent of stockholders in a stock corporation (they have the right to vote, etc.) Non-stock corporations may also choose to have no members.
The terms I was using in my frequent discussions with recruitment agents were: I am looking for a contract rather than permanent employment; I am moving from permanent to contracting and I am seeking my first contract
HAS vs HAVE. Has or Have? When do you use Have or Has? Have vs Has sometimes gets confused with each other in people's writing but more often in speech because have is an irregular verb.Therefore, it doesn't take the usual verb endings of other English verbs. How to Use HAVE
Set Company Culture Goals. Ramipril viktigt
Check out the company website: In particular, look at the company's "About Us" page. It will often have a description of the company's mission and values. Some company websites also have testimonials from employees, which can be a way to hear about the culture firsthand.
Has or Have? When do you use Have or Has? Have vs Has sometimes gets confused with each other in people's writing but more often in speech because have is an irregular verb. Therefore, it doesn't take the usual verb endings of other English verbs. How to Use HAVE.
Present Tense Uses of Have and Has. Both words are present tense forms of the verb to have. The past-tense form is had, and the present progressive tense (or continuous tense) is having. The correct verb conjugation depends on the sentence's point of view. First-person, second-person, and plural third-person conjugations that use the pronouns I,
Should company names be followed by "has" or "have"? It depends on whether a company is treated as a singular proper-noun: Samsung has gotten itself in a lot of trouble recently.
Key difference: "Has" and "Have" denote possession; they are a form of the word 'had"."Has" is used for singular subjects; whereas "Have" is used in case of plural subjects. Have and has are present tense conjugations of the verb "to have".
"Has" is used for singular subjects; whereas "Have" is used in case of plural subjects. Have and has are present tense conjugations of the verb "to have". AlsoWhen the pronoun is followed by a phrase containing a plural noun or pronoun, there is a tendency for the verb to be plural: Each of the candidates has (or have) spoken on the issue.
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7b66f8f5-e136-4941-97d8-a731be7fa112
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https://investeringarivkwle.netlify.app/9030/52224
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Optimizing High School Test Preparation with AI and Modern Tools
In the landscape of high school academia, the pressure to excel in examinations is palpable. With the rise of AI and modern educational tools, students today have an arsenal of resources at their disposal to bolster their test preparation efforts. High school learners striving to study efficiently can now harness technology to fine-tune their study strategies and optimize their academic performance.
The Evolution of Test Preparation
For years, high school test preparation involved rigorous note-taking, countless hours of study, and the seemingly endless cycle of practice tests. Traditionally, resources like 'McGraw Hill Connect' have been instrumental in providing structured learning materials.
However, evolving digital resources offer new dimensions to learning that transcend the capabilities of standard textbooks and classroom lectures. Online platforms like Khan Academy have revolutionized the way students prepare for exams by offering interactive lessons and personalized study plans.
The Role of AI in Enhancing Test Prep
The concept of AI doing homework or assisting in study routines isn't merely a futuristic aspiration. It's becoming a tangible reality in students' daily lives. AI-driven tools can provide instant feedback, analyze test performance, and even predict areas where students may struggle, enabling a more proactive approach to studying.
Utilizing AI to Study Efficiently
To truly study efficiently, students need to focus on areas that will yield the highest improvement. AI can process vast sets of data from past performance to identify patterns, suggesting targeted study sessions that maximize learning outcomes. As a result, time-strapped students can prioritize their study time where it counts most.
By leveraging AI-powered platforms, high schoolers can readily access a wealth of practice questions, instant tutoring, and comprehensive analytics that streamline the studying process and elevate preparation strategies.
Adjusting Study Habits for Optimal Outcomes
To make the most of these advanced tools, adapting study habits is crucial. Research on high achievers underscores the importance of incorporating varied study methods and active learning techniques. This approach, complemented by AI, can deepen understanding and retention of knowledge.
A Multipronged Approach: Combining AI with Traditional Methods
While AI offers impressive benefits, blending it with tried-and-true techniques can create a comprehensive study regimen. Traditional methods like mnemonic devices, group studies, and practice tests remain valuable. They can be powerfully augmented by AI insights to form a symbiotic framework for academic achievement.
Strategies for Implementing AI in Study Routines
Identify AI tools that sync with learning objectives
Use analytics to home in on weak points
Supplement study sessions with AI practice questions
Analyze test results with AI to adjust study plans
Acquiring and Application: Where to Find AI-Powered Study Aids
There are a multitude of AI-powered study aids available. Platforms like ACT test prep utilize AI to tailor studying for one of the most significant exams a high school student will take.
In the aim to optimize test preparation for high schoolers, products like College Tools also steps forward, offering powerful feature sets designed to operate alongside learning management systems. You can discover more about such transformative features here.
In conclusion, AI doesn't just revolutionize what students learn; it's reshaping how they learn. By integrating AI into their test preparation routines, high school students can navigate their way to academic success with precision and efficiency.
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eng
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f84284f0-ed47-49be-a437-9c57881cb04c
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https://www.collegetools.io/blog/optimizing-high-school-test-preparation-with-ai-and-modern-tools
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The No Child Left Behind Act
The president established the bipartisan solutions with great concern on the choice, flexibility and accountability within the Federal education system(Behind, 2008). Therefore the program improved the ESAE by applying all the new strategies and principles which were proposed by the president Bush(Abedi, 2004). It increased the local schools, school districts and the States accountability, it made both parents and students to have greater choice mainly those who are attending the low developed and performing schools, increased the local and states educational agencies flexibility while using the federal education dollars and established stronger emphasis on reading mainly for the young needy children. In summary form, the NCLB was to provide money for the extra educational assistance for the needy children with the benefit of marking improved academic progress within the states(Act,2010).
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Policy Implications / Importance
The major purpose why President George Bush established the act was to ensure that each and every needy child in public schools got the chance to achieve his or her educational goals under safe classrooms and by being trained by well-prepared teachers. The program created a new era into the flexibility for accountability within all educational institutions. It enabled the state and the schools districts use the federal education funds in exchange for improvement in their results(Behind, 2008). The program made the states together with the LEA's to move/ transfer a maximum of fifty percent of the money they received from the four major state grant programs to any of the title 1(Behind, 2008). The program covered the teacher quality state grants, the drug-free schools, the education technology and innovative programs.
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The program enabled the involved LEAs to enter into greater performance agreements with the Secretary of Education and as well enabling them to use the funds which had been consolidated for any of their authorized importance(Abedi, 2004). The Policy Discussions in the State Legislature and Congress
The congress held the discussion to reauthorize the elementary and secondary education act by including the Title 1 requirements to the poor and the disadvantaged students. The congress passed that the program has to receive federal school funds as the state give the assessments to all needy children at each of the grade level(Abedi, 2004). The congress supported the program to hold supported educational based standards in order to reform the old system which will be based on the premise that sets high standards and measurable goals to develop personal results in education sector.
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The congress passed the bill with much bipartisan support (Behind, 2008). The No child left behind policy was greatly attached to the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1995. After long and hard times from the partisans, the 44th president Barack Obama, signed the new Every Student Succeeds Act abbreviated as ESSA to replace the No Child Left Behind(Jennings & Rentner, 2006). Therefore as for today No Child Left Behind law doesn't work as it was completely replaced by the ESSA. References
Abedi, J. The no child left behind act and English language learners: Assessment and accountability issues. Educational Researcher, 33(1), 4-14. of 2001. Public Law, (107-110), 20. Behind, N. C. L. , Murray, J. , Ost, J. , Passel, J. S. , &Herwantoro, S. L. , &Betebenner, D. W. Accountability systems: Implications of requirements of the no child left behind act of 2001.
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b558927f-0278-4f85-a1cf-045a4c6c26e6
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https://loop.studybay.com/doc-the-no-child-left-behind-act-33403/
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Friday, September 18, 2009
No, I had not been imbibing before going to teach my class today, but I really did see White Elephant Feet (and purple ones too)! :) Elephant Foot is an unusual summer wildflower that normally has pale lavender flowers. As I was surveying the field at Freels Bend, the area where the American Museum of Science and Energy's outdoor classes are taught, I was surprised to see a plant with white flowers. An albino perhaps?! That was a first for me.
I taught a Butterfly class this morning. We actually caught a lot more moths than butterflies, but the kids didn't care! When I went back to my car to get my camera, something fluttered past me and landed on the porch of the cabin. It was a large, dark brown moth. I thought it might be a Black Witch Moth, but tonight I looked it up in my Kaufman's Field Guideto Insects and found out it was a Lunate Zale (pronounced "zah-lay", not like the jewelry store of the same name). Later, I tried to put the moth on a tree so I could get a better photograph, but it had other ideas. It flew off to the ground and onto some dead leaves. It was a good thing that I watched it land, it was so well camouflaged I would have never been able to find it again. Another insect we saw in the field was the Virginia Ctenucha moth. It had an orange head and an irridescent gunmetal blue abdomen. At first glance, it could be mistaken for a wasp.
An insect that really is a wasp, but is often mistaken for an ant, is the Velvet Ant, a.k.a "Cow Killer". These beautiful red and black insects are actually wingless female wasps. They lay their eggs in bumblebee nests. I presume this one was hunting a nest as she frantically ran around on the grass in the field. The name "Cow Killer" comes from their painful sting.
In my afternoon class I taught about different habitats. One group of kids found a Dagger Moth caterpillar. I got a photo of the legs taken through the plastic jar. It was fun to watch the way the 4 pairs of prolegs would scrunch together when the caterpillar walked on the jar. I wish I could have taken a video of it.
While we were on our habitat hunt in the field, we found an orb web spider with a white triangle on its abdomen. The intricate pattern is interesting. You know me, I had to get a spider photo in here!
Wednesday, September 16, 2009
There are 4 words that strike terror into the heart of every computer user... "Eminent Hard Drive Failure"! Unfortunately, I saw those words flash across a black screen on the monitor on Sunday night! So, I've been unable to download my photos from my camera, update this blog, or anything else that relates to this computer until tonight. You don't realize how much you use your computer until you can't!
For several years I have heard about the Roan Mountain Naturalist's Rally at Roan Mtn. State Park in upper east Tennessee. So, finally this year Kenny and I decided to go. We went up last Friday. The keynote speaker that evening was Dr. Lincoln Brower, a world-famous Monarch butterfly researcher. I had read about him for many years since I got involved in raising Monarch caterpillars. He was very interesting, down-to-earth and personable. Much of his talk was about his research on the Monarchs' overwintering grounds in the mountains of central Mexico. That area is on my "bucket list", I really want to go there some day and see the millions of Monarchs that cover the trees and explode into the air in the warmth of the morning sun. The next day he gave a talk and walk up at the Miller Homestead high on a mountain in the park. Since the fields in the area are full of nectar-source flowers, they are natural stopping areas for butterflies of all kinds. I spotted this beautiful male Tiger Swallowtail sipping nectar from a thistle after his talk. The park has been designated a Monarch Wayside, and they now have the sign to prove it! Dr. Brower placed the sign on the kiosk post. He was kind enough to pose for photos with his "Monarch groupies", me included! :) The T-shirt I was wearing has a Monarch caterpillar and chrysalis "question mark" on the front and on the back is the answer, a Monarch butterfly. The old Miller Homestead was an interesting home with a barn and other outbuildings. The home has been kept the way it looked when the family lived there. I was surprised that the rooms weren't roped off like they are in most old homes. I liked looking at the old sheets of newspapers and Life magazine covers that were used as wallpaper in the upper bedrooms.
Later that day we went on a Geology of Roan Mountain hike that was given by a geologist, also the president of the Friends of Roan Mtn. group. We learned about the different rocks that make up the landscape of the park including white quartz, Beech Granite, Strawberry Gneiss and the crumbly, ever-present schist (my students love that word!). Ha! Not only were there rocks of all kinds and sizes, but it didn't take much to get me distracted by the beautiful mushrooms. We saw red, yellow, orange, brown, and even purple ones. The winner of the "weird mushroom of the day award" would definitely have to go to the Stalked Puffball-in-Aspic. As that mouthfull of a name implies, these puffballs are on a long stalk and they emerge from the ground surrounded by a thick coat of slime (the "aspic").
Later that evening Larry McDaniel gave a presentation on the insects he has photographed on his porch by using a white sheet, a blacklight and a shop light. It was amazing how many different and beautiful insects he had seen. At the end of the program he had a light and sheet set up outside so the participants could try it out. We saw mostly caddisflies and moths, like this striking Tulip Tree Beauty.
We spent two nights at a motel in Elizabethton. On Sunday morning before we packed up the car I noticed some beautiful blue Morning Glory flowers blooming outside our window. I grabbed my camera and got some beautiful shots. It is amazing how those flowers look like they are glowing in the center. On Sunday we passed on the other activities and went to Kingsport to visit Kenny's brother. His neighbor had flowers in his yard that I went to look at. What a nice surprise it was to see a couple of Praying Mantises! The first one was chomping on a butterfly on a rose bush, I'll spare you the gory details! The second one was hunting for an unlucky insect on a marigold plant. I had to laugh when she turned around and looked at me. They are one of the few insects that can move their head independently from their body. I got a good close-up of their powerful, spiked front legs. No wonder they can capture insect prey so easily!
One more "pretty" picture and I'm going to quit tonight. This is the inside of a mandevilla vine flower. I liked the effect
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https://blog.easttennesseewildflowers.com/2009_09_13_archive.html
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How to debug in other IDE?
How would I debug my Plugin "in production"? I am starting it from IDEA and it starts another IDEA instance to test and it works. But then I load deployed plugin into Android Studio and content is empty.
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eng
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726793eb-2ee4-441f-8d26-075f175f7c78
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https://intellij-support.jetbrains.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360009872959-How-to-debug-in-other-IDE-
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There's a common misunderstanding that narcissists are confident people who love themselves. The truth is the opposite.
Narcissists are stuck in a desperate cycle of seeking validation and egotism because deep down they feel like sh*t about themselves.
I know, because I'm a narcissist.
It's not as fun as it sounds, in fact it often leads to being badly hurt due to being overly vulnerable and hungry for validation.
Here's how to break the cycle.
How to not be a vulnerable narcissist
The most important thing to understand about how to not be a vulnerable narcissist is that being a narcissist is not "bad."
It doesn't mean you're flawed like a broken product that comes off the assembly line.
It means you are stuck in fear and a deep frustration over feeling inadequate.
If you struggle with narcissism as I do, then you know that this kind of tunnel vision overtakes you where it just feels borderline impossible to take into account the emotions and perspectives of others.
Yet at the same time as you walk around with this kind of entitlement that others are there to fulfill what you need and what you care about, the pendulum doesn't swing the other way.
You crave, even need validation from others, yet you find it hard to give it out, because the amount that you care about the wellbeing of others is minimal.
Sure, you care.
But you don't stay up nights worrying if your rudeness ruined someone's day yesterday, you stay up nights wondering why you don't have the house, car, partner and respect that you deserve.
This leads to immense vulnerability.
You're walking around with a sign begging for people to like and approve of you. But what you're offering in return is…basically nothing.
It's a trade that most undamaged people won't go for.
But here's the good news.
Being a narcissist is not all bad.
There is actually something very good about being a narcissist which I'm going to get to next, and it also holds the key for how to not be a vulnerable narcissist.
Find your purpose
The idea that we all have a purpose in this world can be controversial just as is.
But we do.
And a big reason why people get stuck in being a vulnerable narcissist is a desire for someone else to "show them the way."
Justin used to be addicted to the self-help industry and New Age gurus just like me. They sold him on ineffective visualization and positive thinking techniques.
Four years ago, he traveled to Brazil to meet the renowned shaman Rudá Iandê, for a different perspective.
Rudá taught him a life-changing new way to find your purpose and use it to transform your life.
After watching the video, I also discovered and understood my purpose in life and it's no exaggeration to say it was a turning point in my life.
I can honestly say that this new way of finding success by finding your purpose actually helped me to see that my narcissism was actually a coping mechanism to not having found my purpose rather than my real personality.
It was a massive breakthrough and this video is going to bust down many of the lies we all tell ourselves.
If they're kind and understanding they must be a very compassionate and authentic person, right?
Well…not necessarily.
Anybody who is pretending to be something they're not or curating their interactions to be liked is being fake.
Being fake is the signature move of a narcissist.
My point here is that the narcissist is not necessarily some jerk saying rude things, he's often an overly polite guy striving desperately to be liked and seeing life through the lens of how it helps him or not instead of what his or her purpose is.
Fix your relationships
Behind almost every insecure and vulnerable narcissist there's a trail of social destruction and broken relationships.
I'm talking busted up friendships, broken romances, neglected family members and even colleagues and former associates who dislike this person for being an insecure d*ckwad who craves approval and attention.
Sooner or later, if you want to know how to not be a vulnerable narcissist, you will have to fix your relationships.
Some may be salvageable, others may not. The key here is not to think you're superhuman and can go resuscitate your failed marriage or a friend you stole from or something like that…
The key is to repair and fix what you can and reflect back and gain understanding from what you can't fix. What happened, and what went wrong?
How can you avoid it next time?
This can be especially difficult in romantic relationships and dating, which I know about all too well.
If you're experiencing problems in love I have a message for you:
Firstly, you are not alone. So much of the world is walking around heartbroken and f*cked up beyond belief because of love gone wrong.
I've dated a few of them, in fact (didn't go well).
Secondly, there is advice and help out there which can really help cut through a lot of the nonsense advice and crap that society tells us. The best resource I've personally found is a website of online professional love coaches called Relationship Hero.
These guys seriously know what they're talking about, and they are a big part of the reason I was able to overcome my vulnerable narcissistic ways and get on with my love ilfe in a more productive way. This also ended up branching out into more improvements in my family relationships and life as a whole as I broke through a lot of the barriers and lies I'd been telling myself about love and connecting with other people.
It was a huge step.
I owe a lot to these guys, and I highly recommend them to anyone else looking for answers about narcissism and love as well
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61986f42-9730-4178-be91-2a50b466b4fe
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https://hackspirit.com/how-to-not-be-a-vulnerable-narcissist/
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Stram Aliases, VOD and Playlist files.
Hello, we're using stream aliasing and it's working fine with rtmps and live streaming, though we have some problems on playlists and vod files. seems we don't get them to work properly. any solutions? (We're on windows 7, 64 bits machine)
EDIT 2. this is the correct log
here's evostream log when trying to playback an aliased stream (after command was giving a "success" output)
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eng
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f8abdac1-a9ce-45aa-b38d-dac0501f78a2
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https://evostream.com/question/stram-aliases-vod-and-playlist-files/
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These
are
both voiced
consonants that
are
pronounced
using
the
lips.
However,
/b/
is
a bilabial
stop and
/v/
is
a labio-dental
fricative. When
you
pronounce
/b/,
your
teeth
should
not
touch
your
lips
and
the
air
in
your
mouth
should
be
stopped.
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96e3bdd1-259b-43c4-a883-284d927280ae
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https://englishphonetics.net/english-phonetics-academy/b-buy-brain.html
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Raise funds
Assumptions
Assumptions
Every experiment starts with an assumption to validate. You have an assumption about the world around you that needs to hold true, if your project is going to be a success.
Examples:
Let's say you have the idea of creating a webshop. Some important assumptions:
People want to buy what you are selling
You can reach these people through an online webshop
They are prepared to buy online
You can sell your products for a price that allows you to have a profit
…
For every startup or new product or service it is possible to come up with a number of assumptions that you will need to prove, in order to front-load the risk that is associated with actually building and launching.
In the case of the webshop, it pays off to test the listed assumptions before building any complex multi-language international webstores.
For example, this article from Business Insider writes 'Jeff Bezos had a vision for the company's explosive growth and e-commerce domination. He knew from the very beginning, he wanted Amazon to be "an everything store."' Nevertheless, Amazon started with books, because they had the (proven) assumption those would be easier to buy online than, say, clothing. Only later did Amazon grow into the online shopping walhalla we know today. They started small, first proving they could get customers, before working on better technology and infrastructure.
In fact, in the same Business Insider article, it says, 'Amazon got started out of Bezos' garage and the servers that the company used required so much power that Bezos and his wife couldn't run a hair dryer or a vacuum in the house without blowing a fuse.' How's that for being scrappy!
As an entrepreneur or innovator, you're responsible to tackle the biggest risks that can kill your startup early on. You start out with a vague idea with a lot of misconceptions and unproven assumptions, and you need to learn, you need to build a mental model that is an accurate reflection of reality.
That mental model will always be based on assumptions, there is no way around that. And that doesn't have to be bad: some assumptions may be correct, while others may be wrong, but have little impact on the result.
Correct assumptions and the ones that have little impact are not the assumptions you should waste time on. You're looking for are the assumptions that have a huge impact when they're incorrect. Those are the ones you need to validate.
It's your job to make sure that you find those dangerous assumptions and validate them, the riskiest one first.
Riskiest Assumption
So, how do you find the most risky assumption? Which one should you validate first?
First of all, understand that you are looking for the assumption that is the most risky at this moment. Later on, there may be other risks that are even riskier at that moment, but the one you're looking for is the one that dictates a 'go/no go' at this very moment.
One way of looking at it is to think of risky assumptions as 'gating' each other. Some assumptions only become problematic if other assumptions are already proven. But if that earlier assumption is wrong, there won't be a 'later'.
Example:
In the Amazon example above, the quote about the garage using too much electrical power is a clear problem that needs to be solved. Blowing too many fuses at some point meant they would go out of business. But it could only become a big problem after it turned out they could find so many customers. The assumption 'we can get customers to buy our books online' was more fundamental than the assumption 'we need a better server infrastructure to make sure customers can buy our books online' or even 'we can get thousands of customers to buy our books online'.
The search for the riskiest assumption is not different from first surfacing and then prioritizing your assumptions, and tackling the most fundamental one first.
So, if you would list all of the assumptions that are underpinning your point of view, and rank them from most important to least important, you'd ideally want to start with testing the most important one. In the Lean Startup, this is called 'The Riskiest Assumption'. It's called that, since, if this assumption turns out to be incorrect, you will need to rethink your entire startup.
Luckily, there is a rule of thumb to follow. Each stage in the innovation journey has a number of 'default' associated Riskiest Assumptions. Only when those are validated, you are ready to progress. They are:
Idea / problem-market fit stage:
Customers understand the idea
You are able to find customers that experience the problem and care about it (Problem Market Fit)
Over 40% of customers do not want to stop using your product (Product Market Fit)
These 'default' riskiest assumptions are the ones you should at the very least consider when finding your current Riskiest Assumption. They can often be split up in even smaller assumptions, or be modified to fit with specifics of your project. But if you can't validate these steps, you're in trouble.
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44a8c16b-8582-41dc-99c4-c452200f26bf
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https://district3.co/library/assumptions/
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Memorable experience
Photo: Outi Kähkönen
In this lesson, you learn about different ways to analyse and develop memorable experiences.
On holidays, today's tourists don't want to just see or do something, they want to feel they are immersing themselves in the destination, interacting with people, engaging the senses, and learning the stories.
A memorable tourism experience is inherently personal, engages the senses, makes connections on an emotional, physical, spiritual, intellectual or social level and creates a lasting memory.
It is the guests who define whether or not they have had a memorable experience. This is based on the interaction with the service provider, but also on ´the guests' cultural background, previous experiences and on what they are used to in their everyday lives.
You need the knowledge from all previous lessons when designing memorable experiences.
Task: Create a concept for a memorable tourism experience or analyse an existing tourism product with the Memorable Experience Design Canvas. Go through the canvas with the help of the slides below. Check the articles listed in "Sources and further reading by topic" on the different views to experience design!
Konu, H. 2016. Customer Involvement in New Experiential Tourism Service Development. Evidence in Wellbeing and Nature Tourism Contexts. Publications of the University of Eastern Finland Dissertations in Social Sciences and Business Studies No 123.
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eng
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2e9d2edc-326b-4a1c-91a4-a283af552004
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https://blogi.eoppimispalvelut.fi/phenomenaofarcticnature/lesson/memorable-experience/
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AI and Copyright Law: The New York Times' Generative AI Lawsuit is Just the Beginning
The New York Times, a media powerhouse, employs nearly 6,000 people and represents 3.5% of the U.S. newspaper industry. Its sheer size and influence mean its decision to sue these AI giants serves as a statement about the value of content and the rights of its creators. This case goes beyond copyright infringement disputes to test the ability of AI tools to generate content.
At the heart of this legal battle are the methods AI developers use to train their large language models. Generative AI tools, such as OpenAI's ChatGPT and Google's Bard, are trained on massive datasets containing copyrighted material. The lawsuit raises critical questions about whether the use of copyrighted content to train AI models is fair use or violates the rights of the content creators. Fair compensation for creators is no longer a hypothetical question, but an urgent one.
The outcome of this litigation is likely to influence how AI developers approach model training, potentially leading to changes in how data is sourced and used. This shift could have far-reaching consequences for the AI ecosystem, affecting everyone from developers to end users.
But there is a larger issue that is not getting as much attention as it deserves: the potential for these models to misrepresent original sources and spread misinformation.
The issues at stake strike at the heart of information authenticity, especially as AI-generated content becomes seamlessly integrated into our daily routines. AI's learning process is prone to inaccuracies, often resulting in content that misrepresents its original context. Such content will become ubiquitous, appearing in search engine results, voiced by AI assistants like Alexa and Siri, and embedded in our electric vehicles and smart appliances.
Unlike the spread of misinformation on social media platforms, the one-on-one nature of human interactions with generative AI systems makes monitoring and addressing falsehoods in real time a daunting task.
Unchecked misinformation adds to the woes of our fragile information ecosystem. This double-edged sword cuts deep for content creators, who face not only the injustice of inadequate compensation, but also the threat of being misrepresented, with little recourse to challenge the AI developers responsible.
The need for new legislation specifically addressing the use of copyrighted material in AI training is clear, as is the need for mechanisms, such as "red teaming," to ensure that generative AI systems accurately represent and source the material they use.
Public datasets from organizations like Common Crawl are essential for AI development. However, if every AI model relies on these public datasets, they will all start to behave similarly. To stand out, it is important for AI developers to continually train on unique, proprietary datasets. Ironically, this also means that AI developers benefit from protecting the rights of those who produce original content, ensuring a continuous supply of fresh, diverse data.
The legal battle between the New York Times, OpenAI, and Microsoft is a defining moment in the history of AI and the media industry. It challenges us to rethink our societal principles and the path we wish to chart as AI continues to advance.
Newspapers are essential to our democracy and civil society. To paraphrase a founding father, if it were up to me to decide whether we should have generative AI without newspapers or newspapers without generative AI, I would not hesitate for a moment to prefer the latter.
The future of AI will be shaped by the choices we make today. We must strike a balance between encouraging innovation and fairly honoring and compensating the creative minds that advance humanity. The resolution of this litigation will reveal our shared ideals and aspirations for the future we hope to create, as well as the ethos of our society.
Tinglong Dai is the Bernard T. Ferrari Professor of Business at the Carey Business School of the Johns Hopkins University. He serves on the core faculty of the Hopkins Business of Health Initiative and the executive committee of the Institute for Data-Intensive Engineering and Science.
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How can we improve Illustrator (desktop)? Vote or share a new idea.
AI's auto-generated class names are only file-unique. Collisions occur if different exported svgs are inlined in the same container (html) document. This prevents a primary way of using SVGs on the web.
Suggest an option (or default behavior) where class names are universally unique, or where a file-name or user chosen token is prepended to classnames.
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f3edf870-4f8f-401c-9717-03830f8c35b6
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https://illustrator.uservoice.com/forums/333657-illustrator-desktop-feature-requests/suggestions/38167204-svg-export-universally-unique-class-names-for-int
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Crypto and Debt Management
Have you ever found yourself trapped in a vicious cycle of debt, wondering if there's an innovative way out? Well, you might be surprised to learn that cryptocurrency could be your golden ticket to financial freedom. Not only has crypto radically transformed the financial landscape, but its integration into debt management strategies is opening up potent avenues to clear up financial obligations faster and more efficiently. Stick around as we take you through this illuminating journey of crypto and debt management. In this comprehensive guide, we will help arm you with valuable insights on using cryptocurrency for managing debt – combining classic financial wisdom with avant-garde money systems. It's time to dip your toes into the exciting world of digital currency and explore its potential in breaking free from the shackles of debt. Let's get started!
Remember, as with all financial matters, knowledge is power. So let us embark on this fascinating journey to discover the golden fusion of crypto and smart debt management.
By the end, you'll have a new perspective on debt and hopefully, a clear path to financial freedom. Let's dive right in, shall we?
Understanding Crypto
Cryptocurrency is a term that's buzzing everywhere these days, like a riddle waiting for you to decode. By the end of this article, you'll have a solid understanding, and you won't be confusing your Bitcoins with your Litecoins any longer!
What is Cryptocurrency?
In its simplest form, cryptocurrency is a digital or virtual form of currency secured by cryptography. The allure of it lies in its decentralization, which means it's not managed by any central authority like a bank or government. This revolutionary form of currency emerged in the digital world with Bitcoin in 2009, which still reigns supreme in popularity.
But don't be fooled into thinking Bitcoin is the only player in the game. There are over 4000 types of cryptocurrencies as of 2021, including well-known ones like Ethereum, Ripple, and Litecoin.
Advantages of Crypto
Now that we've unlocked what a cryptocurrency is, let's dive into why it's causing such a stir. Here are just a few of the many reasons:
Decentralization: Unlike traditional currencies, cryptocurrencies give you full power over your digital coins because they operate on a system known as blockchain technology. Not being under the control of any banks or governments means less interference and, potentially, more freedom with your finances.
Security: When it comes to transactions, cryptocurrencies bring game-changing security levels to the table. Thanks to cryptography, your transactions are safe, secure, and, most importantly, anonymous. Imagine being able to complete a transaction halfway around the world without having to worry about currency exchange or fraud risks!
Accessibility: Cryptocurrencies could provide financial services to people who can't access traditional banking systems, especially in underdeveloped regions. With an internet connection, anyone can make transactions or investments from anywhere and anytime.
Understanding the world of cryptocurrency, its advantages, and its many types can seem overwhelming, but it's a landscape filled with potential gains, innovation, and the thrill of participating in a financial revolution. The concept is still new, and like any investment, it comes with its risks. Yet, the endless list of benefits and its disruptive potential makes it something worth considering. After all, the future is digital and cryptocurrencies are here to stay, and the earlier you understand it, the sooner you can make it work for you.
Managing Debt
Life, as they say, is a lot about balance. The same can be said about managing debt: finding the equilibrium between spending and saving, understanding the difference between good and bad debt, and knowing when it's time to ask for help. Effective management of debt can help pave the pathway to financial freedom.
Importance of Debt Management
So, why is debt management significant to you? Let's delve into this.
Credit Rating Impact: Your credit score, an alphanumeric representation of your creditworthiness, is directly influenced by how well you manage your debts. Blemished credit ratings can have serious repercussions, including loan denial or higher interest rates.
Financial Stress Reduction: Heavy debt can lead to emotional distress and health problems related to stress. When you have a grip on your debts, you start regaining control over your life and finances, reducing the stress related to uncertainty.
Money-Saving: For every debt you owe, interests accumulate. Strategic debt management can help you save thousands by minimizing the number of interests paid.
"Debt is like any other trap, easy enough to get into, but hard enough to get out of." – Henry Wheeler Shaw
Creating a Debt Management Plan
So, what steps can you take to create a functional debt management plan?
Calculate Your Total Debt: Begin by calculating the total debt you owe, including credit card bills, loans, and mortgages. This will create a clear picture of what you're dealing with.
Prioritize Your Debt: Not all debts are created equal. Prioritize them based on their interest rates, tenure, and the impact on your credit score.
Seek Professional Help: Don't hesitate to seek help from a credit counseling agency. They can provide vital insights and arrange a debt management plan tailored to your needs.
Remember, managing debt is a journey that calls for patience and discipline. It might seem overwhelming at first, but taking the first step and formulating a plan can bring incomparable relief. The road to a debt-free life may not be quick or easy, but it's certainly achievable!
The Role of Crypto in Debt Management
Let's paint a picture, shall we? You've heard the buzzing about Bitcoin, Ethereum, and the other coins making waves in the finance world. Sure, cryptocurrency might sound complicated, But what if I told you these digital currencies could be your plan B for managing and reducing debt? Yep, you heard right! In this digital age, cryptocurrency is fast becoming a feasible option in debt management strategies.
Paying Off Debt with Crypto
Now, it might sound crazy to implement a volatile asset into your payment plans. Yet, savvy people worldwide are leveraging the high return potential of cryptocurrencies in managing their debts. So, how does paying off debt with crypto work, you might ask?
Investing in Crypto: Firstly, you would invest in cryptocurrency, hoping it would appreciate in value. Once it does, you would sell your assets and use the proceeds to pay down your debt. This approach is a bit similar to paying off debt with stock market investments, except in this case, you're dealing with digital currencies.
Direct Payment with Crypto: Certain lenders accept direct crypto payments. While not as prevalent, it's a trend slowly gaining momentum due to the increasing acceptance of cryptocurrency in various sectors.
Crypto Loans and Lending Platforms
Another exciting aspect of cryptocurrency is its role in peer-to-peer lending. Crypto lending platforms are like tradtional banks, except they offer loans in either crypto or fiat currencies, using your crypto assets as collateral.
Interest Rates: Due to market competition, interest rates on crypto platforms can often be lower than traditional banking rates.
Global Access: Crypto platforms can be accessed irrespective of your geographical location if you have an internet connection and crypto assets.
Crypto lending is much like traditional lending, but with a quirky digital twist. You're playing the same game, just with different, innovative pieces.
So, let's take a step back and look at this digital novelty called cryptocurrency. It might seem a bit daunting if you're a novice, but when understood and managed correctly, it can have a substantial effect on debt management. It's not just about buying stuff online; it's a potential wealth builder that could even take a bite out of your debt.
The beauty of the digital age is, you always have the power to choose what works. Don't let the volatility of crypto scare you, instead let it entice you to explore the realm of possibilities it offers. After all, innovation is the name of the game in the world of finance nowadays, and with crypto, who knows, you might just be playing the winning card in managing your debt.
Remember, proper understanding and informed decision-making are the keys to successful debt management. And with cryptocurrency slowly stepping into mainstream financial strategies, it might just be worth adding to your list of possibilities.
Benefits and Risks of Combining Crypto and Debt Management
Harnessing the power of cryptocurrencies in your financial strategies is like stepping into a brave, new world. These digital, decentralised currencies, such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, are a contemporary solution that many are considering for traditional money management tasks. One such task is debt management. While cryptocurrency is proving a game-changer for some, it's important to understand both the benefits and risks associated with combining crypto and debt management.
Pros of Using Crypto for Debt Management
Cryptocurrencies are more than just a buzzword; they're changing the face of financial transactions globally. The unique benefits they provide have led many to explore how crypto can help manage debt.
Speed and Accessibility: Cryptocurrencies operate on blockchain technology, allowing transactions to be completed in real-time, no matter where you are in the world. Trapped in debt and need to make a swift payment? Crypto doesn't adhere to the usual banking hours.
Anonymity and Privacy: Cryptocurrency transactions offer a great degree of anonymity. For those conscious about keeping their debt management activities private, this could be a significant advantage.
Potential Value Appreciation: If you're prudent (and a bit lucky), your cryptocurrency's value could rise over time. This increase can then be leveraged to pay off your debt more quickly.
Cons and Risks of Crypto
Yet, it's not all rosy in the crypto world. There are some definite downsides and risks to be aware of when using cryptocurrencies for debt management.
Volatility: Cryptocurrencies are notorious for their volatility. One day your holdings might surge, the next, they could plummet. Such instability can be problematic while managing debts.
Lack of Regulation and Security: Compared to traditional banking, the crypto space is still like the Wild West. The lack of regulation and potential for security breaches could potentially put your debt repayment funds at risk.
Tax Implications: Tax laws around cryptocurrencies are complex and vary by location. Any misstep in managing tax liabilities could lead you into more debt.
Leveraging cryptocurrencies for debt management can be a novel approach, offering speed, lower costs, and privacy. However, with inherent risks like volatility, security concerns, and complex tax implications, it is essential to tread this path with caution. So if you're considering using crypto for this purpose, make sure to do your due diligence, stay informed, and ensure it aligns with your financial situation. Remember that while this frontier is exciting, it's also uncharted—navigate accordingly.
Important Considerations
Financial Literacy and Education
You might think that investing is a complex labyrinth that's only navigable by financial wizards. But guess what? You're wrong! The truth is, with a bit of financial literacy and education, anyone can make informed decisions about their money.
You don't have to become a market whiz overnight. To get started, consider these points:
Understand your financial targets: Be clear about your financial objectives. Are you saving for retirement, paying off student debt, or investing in a side business? Knowing your targets is the first significant step to financial literacy.
Learn the language: Do terms like stocks, bonds, and assets make your head spin? Invest some time in understanding these basic financial terminologies. Here, the idea isn't to become an expert but to be familiar enough so you don't feel lost when discussing investments.
Get educated: Numerous resources and tools can help you understand financial concepts. You can start with online courses, podcasts, books, and articles. Remember, knowledge is power, and when it comes to your money, it's your superpower.
Security and Safety Measures
Investing isn't just about making money; it's also about the security of your hard-earned savings. How do you ensure that your investment is safe? Here are some measures to consider:
Secure platforms: Always use secure platforms when investing. Check for certifications from regulatory bodies and read reviews to get a sense of the platform's reliability.
Diversification: Ever heard the phrase, "Don't put all your eggs in one basket"? It applies to investing as well. Spreading your investments across various fields can help minimize any potential losses.
Regular reviews: Keep tabs on your investments. Set aside time to conduct regular reviews and make adjustments based on market trends, economic conditions, and changes in your personal financial goals.
In this realm of numbers and graphs, remember the importance of patience. Investment outcomes take time to manifest. Don't be discouraged if you don't see immediate results. Your financial venture is not a sprint to the finish line but a strategic marathon. Stay informed, keep safety measures in check, and always keep growing!
In the end, financial literacy is not an optional skill but a required one. Equip yourself with the right knowledge, exercise caution, and above all, believe in your financial potential. The journey might seem challenging at first, but with every hurdle you overcome, you're getting one step closer to financial independence. Ready to get started?
Resources and Tools
In the modern world of finance, the tools and resources that we have at our disposal can make all the difference. Being well equipped can help you manage your finances smartly, make informed decisions, and even tip the scales in your favor drastically. This section will take you on a short journey through some of the best resources available today in three crucial areas: cryptocurrency exchanges, debt management apps, and financial planning and investment tools.
Cryptocurrency Exchanges
Have you ever wondered where to safely invest and trade cryptocurrencies? The right cryptocurrency exchange can help you navigate this volatile yet potentially profitable virtual terrain. Here are some top-rated platforms that have earned their stripes based on user experience, security, and support:
Binance: Known for its extensive selection of crypto assets and a feature-rich experience.
Coinbase: This platform finds favor for its ease of use and smooth interface.
These platforms can often provide you a safe space to explore and benefit from the growing market of digital assets.
Debt Management Apps
Debt can be a rather daunting obstacle if not managed efficiently. It's a tricky business, knowing where to start, how to plan, and bringing consistency in paying debts. Luckily, with the right app, this process can be significantly simplified. Here's a quick snapshot of some top-rated apps that can help you ease out of debt:
Mint: This app is cherished for its capacity to synchronize all of your financial accounts and loans in one place.
Debt Payoff Planner: A beloved choice for its intuitive design and its ability to strategize your debt repayment.
These apps can be your faithful sidekicks on your journey to financial freedom, helping you manage and overcome your debt.
Financial Planning and Investment Tools
Planning for your financial future can often be confusing and overwhelming. A smart investment during fair weather can provide the much-needed shelter in a financial storm. Luckily, there are tools available that can make this task much less intimidating:
Robinhood: A popular tool providing commission-free trades and democratizing investment for the new generation.
Betterment: Obliging for its automated investment advice, making it an excellent platform for beginners.
Armed with these tools, planning for your future can be an enlightening and empowering endeavor.
Financial health, like personal health, requires regular attention, and the right tools can make all the difference. So, equip yourself properly, and make these resources your allies in your journey to financial independence. By doing so, you'll be setting yourself up for success in a world where financial literacy and autonomy are more critical than ever.
Conclusion
Financial freedom is a journey that begins with the right information. By understanding cryptocurrency and its implications for debt management, you've taken a step in the right direction.
As you navigate your way towards this goal, consider utilizing the wealth of resources at your disposal. Whether it's debt management apps, investing tools, or educational content like that found on AskTheMoneyCoach.com, empowering yourself with knowledge and wisdom is crucial.
Remember, balancing the benefits and risks of using crypto for debt management is key, and this balance is built on a strong foundation of financial literacy, smart planning, and well-informed decisions. Keep exploring, keep learning, and keep growing towards your financial liberation.
And remember, ATMC is always here to guide and support you on your path to economic empowerment. Here's to your financial well-being and wealth-building journey!
Frequently Asked Questions
What is cryptocurrency?Cryptocurrency is a digital or virtual form of currency that uses cryptography for secure financial transactions, control the creation of new units, and verify the transfer of assets.
Are cryptocurrency investments safe?Cryptocurrency investments carry some risks, including price volatility and security concerns. It's important to do thorough research, understand the technology, and diversify your investments to mitigate risks.
Can cryptocurrency help me become financially free?Cryptocurrency investments have the potential to generate significant profits, but it's important to approach them with caution. It's advisable to combine cryptocurrency investments with traditional investment strategies and have a diversified portfolio.
What are some tips for achieving financial freedom?To achieve financial freedom, set financial goals, create a budget, save and invest wisely, live within your means, minimize debt, and continuously educate yourself about personal finance and investment strategies
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Python + Spark 上手笔记
Spark lets you spread data and computations over clusters with multiple nodes (think of each node as a separate computer). Spark is a platform for cluster computing. Spark lets you spread data and computations over clusters with multiple nodes (think of each node as a separate computer). Splitting up your data makes it easier to work with very large datasets because each node only works with a small amount of data.
As each node works on its own subset of the total data, it also carries out a part of the total calculations required, so that both data processing and computation are performed in parallel over the nodes in the cluster. It is a fact that parallel computation can make certain types of programming tasks much faster.
连接集群
The first step in using Spark is connecting to a cluster.
In practice, the cluster will be hosted on a remote machine that's connected to all other nodes. There will be one computer, called the master that manages splitting up the data and the computations. The master is connected to the rest of the computers in the cluster, which are called worker. The master sends the workers data and calculations to run, and they send their results back to the master.
Creating the connection is as simple as creating an instance of the SparkContext class. The class constructor takes a few optional arguments that allow you to specify the attributes of the cluster you're connecting to.
An object holding all these attributes can be created with the SparkConf() constructor. Take a look at the documentation for all the details!
Spark 中的数据
Spark's core data structure is the Resilient Distributed Dataset (RDD). This is a low level object that lets Spark work its magic by splitting data across multiple nodes in the cluster. However, RDDs are hard to work with directly
The Spark DataFrame was designed to behave a lot like a SQL table (a table with variables in the columns and observations in the rows). Not only are they easier to understand, DataFrames are also more optimized for complicated operations than RDDs.
When you start modifying and combining columns and rows of data, there are many ways to arrive at the same result, but some often take much longer than others. When using RDDs, it's up to the data scientist to figure out the right way to optimize the query, but the DataFrame implementation has much of this optimization built in!
To start working with Spark DataFrames, you first have to create a SparkSession object from your SparkContext. You can think of the SparkContext as your connection to the cluster and the SparkSession as your interface with that connection.
we will have a SparkSession called spark .
Creating multiple SparkSessions and SparkContexts can cause issues, so it's best practice to use the SparkSession.builder.getOrCreate() method. This returns an existing SparkSession if there's already one in the environment, or creates a new one if necessary!
The .createDataFrame() method takes a pandas DataFrame and returns a Spark DataFrame.
The output of this method is stored locally, not in the SparkSession catalog. This means that you can use all the Spark DataFrame methods on it, but you can't access the data in other contexts.
For example, a SQL query (using the .sql() method) that references your DataFrame will throw an error. To access the data in this way, you have to save it as a temporary table.
You can do this using the .createTempView() Spark DataFrame method, which takes as its only argument the name of the temporary table you'd like to register. This method registers the DataFrame as a table in the catalog, but as this table is temporary, it can only be accessed from the specific SparkSession used to create the Spark DataFrame.
There is also the method .createOrReplaceTempView(). This safely creates a new temporary table if nothing was there before, or updates an existing table if one was already defined. You'll use this method to avoid running into problems with duplicate tables.
Check out the diagram to see all the different ways your Spark data structures interact with each other.
Select Data
The Spark variant of SQL's SELECT is the .select() method. This method takes multiple arguments - one for each column you want to select. These arguments can either be the column name as a string (one for each column) or a column object (using the df.colName syntax). When you pass a column object, you can perform operations like addition or subtraction on the column to change the data contained in it, much like inside .withColumn().
The difference between .select() and .withColumn() methods is that .select() returns only the columns you specify, while .withColumn() returns all the columns of the DataFrame in addition to the one you defined. It's often a good idea to drop columns you don't need at the beginning of an operation so that you're not dragging around extra data as you're wrangling. In this case, you would use .select() and not .withColumn().
Similar to SQL, you can also use the .select() method to perform column-wise operations. When you're selecting a column using the df.colName notation, you can perform any column operation and the .select() method will return the transformed column. For example,
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flights.select(flights.air_time/60)
returns a column of flight durations in hours instead of minutes. You can also use the .alias() method to rename a column you're selecting. So if you wanted to .select() the column duration_hrs (which isn't in your DataFrame) you could do
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flights.select((flights.air_time/60).alias("duration_hrs"))
with the SQL as keyword being equivalent to the .alias() method. To select multiple columns, you can pass multiple strings.
Aggregating
All of the common aggregation methods, like .min(), .max(), and .count() are GroupedData methods. These are created by calling the .groupBy() DataFrame method. You'll learn exactly what that means in a few exercises. For now, all you have to do to use these functions is call that method on your DataFrame. For example, to find the minimum value of a column, col, in a DataFrame, df, you could do
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df.groupBy().min("col").show()
This creates a GroupedData object (so you can use the .min() method), then finds the minimum value in col, and returns it as a DataFrame.
Grouping and Aggregating I
Part of what makes aggregating so powerful is the addition of groups. PySpark has a whole class devoted to grouped data frames: pyspark.sql.GroupedData, which you saw in the last two exercises.
You've learned how to create a grouped DataFrame by calling the .groupBy() method on a DataFrame with no arguments.
Now you'll see that when you pass the name of one or more columns in your DataFrame to the .groupBy() method, the aggregation methods behave like when you use a GROUP BY statement in a SQL query!
Grouping and Aggregating II
In addition to the GroupedData methods you've already seen, there is also the .agg() method. This method lets you pass an aggregate column expression that uses any of the aggregate functions from the pyspark.sql.functions submodule.
This submodule contains many useful functions for computing things like standard deviations. All the aggregation functions in this submodule take the name of a column in a GroupedData table.
Joining
Another very common data operation is the join. Joins are a whole topic unto themselves, so in this course we'll just look at simple joins. If you'd like to learn more about joins, you can take a look here.
A join will combine two different tables along a column that they share. This column is called the key. Examples of keys here include the tailnum and carrier columns from the flights table.
For example, suppose that you want to know more information about the plane that flew a flight than just the tail number. This information isn't in the flights table because the same plane flies many different flights over the course of two years, so including this information in every row would result in a lot of duplication. To avoid this, you'd have a second table that has only one row for each plane and whose columns list all the information about the plane, including its tail number. You could call this table planes
When you join the flights table to this table of airplane information, you're adding all the columns from the planes table to the flights table. To fill these columns with information, you'll look at the tail number from the flights table and find the matching one in the planes table, and then use that row to fill out all the new columns.
Joining II
In PySpark, joins are performed using the DataFrame method .join(). This method takes three arguments. The first is the second DataFrame that you want to join with the first one. The second argument, on, is the name of the key column(s) as a string. The names of the key column(s) must be the same in each table. The third argument, how, specifies the kind of join to perform. In this course we'll always use the value how="leftouter".
Machine learning pipelines
In the next two chapters you'll step through every stage of the machine learning pipeline, from data intake to model evaluation. Let's get to it!
At the core of the pyspark.ml module are the Transformer and Estimator classes. Almost every other class in the module behaves similarly to these two basic classes.
Transformer classes have a .transform() method that takes a DataFrame and returns a new DataFrame; usually the original one with a new column appended. For example, you might use the class Bucketizer to create discrete bins from a continuous feature or the class PCA to reduce the dimensionality of your dataset using principal component analysis.
Estimator classes all implement a .fit() method. These methods also take a DataFrame, but instead of returning another DataFrame they return a model object. This can be something like a StringIndexerModel for including categorical data saved as strings in your models, or a RandomForestModel that uses the random forest algorithm for classification or regression.
Join the DataFrames
In the next two chapters you'll be working to build a model that predicts whether or not a flight will be delayed based on the flights data we've been working with. This model will also include information about the plane that flew the route, so the first step is to join the two tables: flights and planes!
Data types
Good work! Before you get started modeling, it's important to know that Spark only handles numeric data. That means all of the columns in your DataFrame must be either integers or decimals (called 'doubles' in Spark).
When we imported our data, we let Spark guess what kind of information each column held. Unfortunately, Spark doesn't always guess right and you can see that some of the columns in our DataFrame are strings containing numbers as opposed to actual numeric values.
To remedy this, you can use the .cast() method in combination with the .withColumn() method. It's important to note that .cast() works on columns, while .withColumn() works on DataFrames.
The only argument you need to pass to .cast() is the kind of value you want to create, in string form. For example, to create integers, you'll pass the argument "integer" and for decimal numbers you'll use "double".
You can put this call to .cast() inside a call to .withColumn() to overwrite the already existing column, just like you did in the previous chapter!
String to integer
Now you'll use the .cast() method you learned in the previous exercise to convert all the appropriate columns from your DataFrame model_data to integers!
To convert the type of a column using the .cast() method, you can write code like this:
Making a Boolean
Consider that you're modeling a yes or no question: is the flight late? However, your data contains the arrival delay in minutes for each flight. Thus, you'll need to create a boolean column which indicates whether the flight was late or not!
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# Create is_late model_data = model_data.withColumn("is_late", model_data.arr_delay > 0) # Convert to an integer model_data = model_data.withColumn("label", model_data.is_late.cast('integer')) # Remove missing values model_data = model_data.filter("arr_delay is not NULL and dep_delay is not NULL and air_time is not NULL and plane_year is not NULL")
Strings and factors
As you know, Spark requires numeric data for modeling. So far this hasn't been an issue; even boolean columns can easily be converted to integers without any trouble. But you'll also be using the airline and the plane's destination as features in your model. These are coded as strings and there isn't any obvious way to convert them to a numeric data type.
Fortunately, PySpark has functions for handling this built into the pyspark.ml.features submodule. You can create what are called 'one-hot vectors' to represent the carrier and the destination of each flight. A one-hot vector is a way of representing a categorical feature where every observation has a vector in which all elements are zero except for at most one element, which has a value of one (1).
Each element in the vector corresponds to a level of the feature, so it's possible to tell what the right level is by seeing which element of the vector is equal to one (1).
The first step to encoding your categorical feature is to create a StringIndexer. Members of this class are Estimators that take a DataFrame with a column of strings and map each unique string to a number. Then, the Estimator returns a Transformer that takes a DataFrame, attaches the mapping to it as metadata, and returns a new DataFrame with a numeric column corresponding to the string column.
The second step is to encode this numeric column as a one-hot vector using a OneHotEncoder. This works exactly the same way as the StringIndexer by creating an Estimator and then a Transformer. The end result is a column that encodes your categorical feature as a vector that's suitable for machine learning routines!
This may seem complicated, but don't worry! All you have to remember is that you need to create a StringIndexer and a OneHotEncoder, and the Pipeline will take care of the rest.
Assemble a vector
The last step in the Pipeline is to combine all of the columns containing our features into a single column. This has to be done before modeling can take place because every Spark modeling routine expects the data to be in this form. You can do this by storing each of the values from a column as an entry in a vector. Then, from the model's point of view, every observation is a vector that contains all of the information about it and a label that tells the modeler what value that observation corresponds to.
Because of this, the pyspark.ml.feature submodule contains a class called VectorAssembler. This Transformer takes all of the columns you specify and combines them into a new vector column.
Create the pipeline
ou're finally ready to create a Pipeline!
Pipeline is a class in the pyspark.ml module that combines all the Estimators and Transformers that you've already created. This lets you reuse the same modeling process over and over again by wrapping it up in one simple object. Neat, right?
Test and Train
After you've cleaned your data and gotten it ready for modeling, one of the most important steps is to split the data into a test set and a train set. After that, don't touch your test data until you think you have a good model! As you're building models and forming hypotheses, you can test them on your training data to get an idea of their performance.
Once you've got your favorite model, you can see how well it predicts the new data in your test set. This never-before-seen data will give you a much more realistic idea of your model's performance in the real world when you're trying to predict or classify new data.
In Spark it's important to make sure you split the data after all the transformations. This is because operations like StringIndexer don't always produce the same index even when given the same list of strings.
Split the data
Model tuning and selection
What is logistic regression?
The model you'll be fitting in this chapter is called a logistic regression. This model is very similar to a linear regression, but instead of predicting a numeric variable, it predicts the probability (between 0 and 1) of an event.
To use this as a classification algorithm, all you have to do is assign a cutoff point to these probabilities. If the predicted probability is above the cutoff point, you classify that observation as a 'yes' (in this case, the flight being late), if it's below, you classify it as a 'no'!
You'll tune this model by testing different values for several hyperparameters. A hyperparameter is just a value in the model that's not estimated from the data, but rather is supplied by the user to maximize performance. For this course it's not necessary to understand the mathematics behind all of these values - what's important is that you'll try out a few different choices and pick the best one.
建立模型
The Estimator you'll be using is a LogisticRegression from the pyspark.ml.classification submodule.
Cross validation
In the next few exercises you'll be tuning your logistic regression model using a procedure called k-fold cross validation. This is a method of estimating the model's performance on unseen data (like your test DataFrame).
It works by splitting the training data into a few different partitions. The exact number is up to you, but in this course you'll be using PySpark's default value of three. Once the data is split up, one of the partitions is set aside, and the model is fit to the others. Then the error is measured against the held out partition. This is repeated for each of the partitions, so that every block of data is held out and used as a test set exactly once. Then the error on each of the partitions is averaged. This is called the cross validation error of the model, and is a good estimate of the actual error on the held out data.
You'll be using cross validation to choose the hyperparameters by creating a grid of the possible pairs of values for the two hyperparameters, elasticNetParam and regParam, and using the cross validation error to compare all the different models so you can choose the best one!
Create the evaluator
The first thing you need when doing cross validation for model selection is a way to compare different models. Luckily, the pyspark.ml.evaluation submodule has classes for evaluating different kinds of models. Your model is a binary classification model, so you'll be using the BinaryClassificationEvaluator from the pyspark.ml.evaluation module.
This evaluator calculates the area under the ROC. This is a metric that combines the two kinds of errors a binary classifier can make (false positives and false negatives) into a simple number. You'll learn more about this towards the end of the chapter!
Make a grid
Next, you need to create a grid of values to search over when looking for the optimal hyperparameters. The submodule pyspark.ml.tuning includes a class called ParamGridBuilder that does just that (maybe you're starting to notice a pattern here; PySpark has a submodule for just about everything!).
You'll need to use the .addGrid() and .build() methods to create a grid that you can use for cross validation. The .addGrid() method takes a model parameter (an attribute of the model Estimator, lr, that you created a few exercises ago) and a list of values that you want to try. The .build() method takes no arguments, it just returns the grid that you'll use later.
Make the validator
The submodule pyspark.ml.tuning also has a class called CrossValidator for performing cross validation. This Estimator takes the modeler you want to fit, the grid of hyperparameters you created, and the evaluator you want to use to compare your models.
The submodule pyspark.ml.tune has already been imported as tune. You'll create the CrossValidator by passing it the logistic regression Estimatorlr, the parameter grid, and the evaluator you created in the previous exercises.
Remember, the training data is called training and you're using lr to fit a logistic regression model. Cross validation selected the parameter values regParam=0 and elasticNetParam=0 as being the best. These are the default values, so you don't need to do anything else with lr before fitting the model.
Evaluate the model
For this course we'll be using a common metric for binary classification algorithms call the AUC, or area under the curve. In this case, the curve is the ROC, or receiver operating curve. The details of what these things actually measure isn't important for this course. All you need to know is that for our purposes, the closer the AUC is to one (1), the better the model is!
1 2 3 4 5
# Use the model to predict the test set test_results = best_lr.transform(test) # Evaluate the predictions print(evaluator.evaluate(test_results))
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Slot Machine Strategy Manual
It seems like you catch wind of individuals creating the freshest means of beating cards, or succeeding at Texas Hold Them, yet shouldn't something be said about the gambling machines?
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These tips can be utilized to play openings over the web, or utilized on metal space frameworks to expand the times you สล็อต make the chimes ring.
Most importantly, there's one minimal matter you ought to know about web openings, assuming that you plan on appreciating them. The reality of the situation is that they are the same as actual gambling machines, to the extent that game-play goes. Openings utilize a computerized framework to predict when it ought to pay out to the following client. Assuming that it was simply irregular, it could cash out too much of the time and make the gambling club to lose cash, and in the event that it didn't give out adequately, no one would play spaces! The equilibrium is exceptionally sensitive, so a figuring gadget is utilized to follow the quantity of plays. So in light of the fact that an opening game is played on the web, don't consequently feel that it is significantly more irregular or that there is more taken a risk with than when you play standard spaces!
Spaces methodology usually depends around endeavoring to sort out how much the machine has changed out up to this point. In the event that you can lay out how frequently a gambling machine framework changes out to the client, and how quite a while in the past it has been since the last payout, you can decide how "hot" it will be.
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Making the Most of Chronic Illness in Sport with Mandy Marquardt
Learning to live with a chronic illness can be a challenge, but for USA Cycling National Team member, 18-time U.S. National Champion, and 2020 Olympic hopeful Mandy Marquardt, receiving the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes was a challenge that has since made every moment of success that much sweeter.
Marquardt, who won two USA Cycling Junior National Road Champions in her first year on the competitive cycling scene at the age of 10, told TrueSport, "Type 1 diabetes has impacted my life in a positive way because from such a young age, it's made me a better person – more accountable and disciplined. I don't know what my life would be like if I didn't have type 1 diabetes. I'm not looking back and saying I wish that it was different. This is who I am and I'm hoping to impact more people while I'm reaching my dreams to hopefully be in the Olympics next year."
When Marquardt was diagnosed, she was 16 years old and living abroad in Germany with her father. The doctor told her that she would never be able to race at a high level again. But that didn't stop her from trying.
"After I was diagnosed, I was overwhelmed because I was only 16 and I thought that was the end of my career. But I competed at nationals [in Germany] later that same year and won bronze while managing my diabetes. I still knew I had so much more work to do, but it was cool to prove to myself that I was able to do it," said Marquardt.
Finding that strength and confidence did not come to Marquardt overnight.
"In Germany, at the time, I didn't feel like I was accepted. I felt like I was different. A lot of coaches didn't talk about it, or ask me about it," said Marquardt.
After her bronze win at nationals in Germany, Marquardt headed back to the U.S. to finish her senior year in high school and spend time with her mother.
"She was there to help me through that turning point to get me back on my feet in racing," explained Marquardt. "There were times I was motivated, and there were times I wasn't. So [my mom and dad] were a big part of helping me."
"It brought my dad and I closer together. He knew my potential and sometimes I would get lazy. So, he would push me a lot," added Marquardt.
In addition to the support from her parents, Marquardt discovered a whole community of strength when she joined Team Novo Nordisk.
"I found Team Type 1, which is now Team Novo Nordisk, the all type 1 diabetes cycling team that I race with. It's the world's first all type 1 diabetes professional cycling team. It's an amazing community. We're so supportive of each other and always give each other tips and encouragement."
Marquardt has been with the team for 10 years now and attributes her courage and confidence to the growing community of support that she's found in them. She continues to be an engaged member of their mission to "inspire, empower, and educate people affected by diabetes, whiled doing what [they] love, and showing what's possible with type 1 diabetes."
Marquardt is not only an engaged competitor for Team Novo Nordisk, but she is also a mentor for a young cyclist, McKenna McKee.
"She's 16 years old and she's racing at the top level nationally. She has big goals to join Team Novo Nordisk someday and that's inspiring. I feel like there's a sense of purpose to why I have [diabetes], even just to communicate my diabetes and educate people and have those conversations has opened up opportunities to reaching my goals. And impacting other people is that much more fulfilling for me."
When all is said and done, Marquardt wants young athletes who face adversity to "get out of your comfort zone, because it will make you a better person – whether that be in sport, or in school, or in your career someday best
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He did it again! Very impressive. Starts off finding the parking trollies and fire truck. This one says "Osprey" "The Owl" "Owl Druid" If you played a spot the…
(Reduxx) The National Health Service of the United Kingdom is advising "transgender" females who take testosterone to continue doing so even while breastfeeding a baby despite acknowledging the unknown risks…
According to ancient history, religion, mythology, and occult tradition, they are not human. Once you start waking up from the hypnotic trance of the official lie, the word "they"…
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DescriptionDescription
Wearing a suit is easy, but owning it takes skill.
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The Centre for Education & Training has recently launched a Facebook page and a YouTube Channel for the CLB Online Self-Assessment where they are offering info/updates, articles about language assessment and learning, information about relevant services for immigrants, Canadian Language Benchmarks, and other related topics that your clients may find helpful. They will also share pictures and videos from events they attend in the community. Join us on social media: Please take a moment right now to visit their social media pages and click "Like/Follow" and "Subscribe."
IRCC has recently produced two new settlement videos: 1. Language training options for newcomers to Canada describes the language training and learning opportunities offered through the Settlement Program. This video will help newcomers understand what they can expect from different types of language programming, including formal language training, employment-related language training, and informal language learning. EN: FR: 2. Understanding the Canadian Language Benchmarks (Niveaux de compétence linguistique canadiens) explains the national standards framework and its value for language professionals and learners. This video is primarily aimed at language trainers, administrators, service provider organizations and other partners with
Written by – Lisa Herrera, Consultant In a report completed for the Canadian government, Makosky (2008) indicated that, at the time of writing, exit test results from LINC programs across the country were "deemed to be subjective/situational and not comparable to any common standard," with the result that "exit rating and feedback to newcomers may be inconsistent and the results not as portable as newcomers, instructors and program managers would like" (p. 2). Because of the lack of transparent, reliable outcomes, LINC's funder, Citizenship and Immigration Canada (now Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada), determined that a consistent standard of exit
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Infolio is an easy-to-use all-in-one project management and team collaboration suite for everyone. With Infolio you can run and track projects in Kanban based task boards, collaborate on content in visual space...
Task managers should not make organizing your daily tasks difficult. Your everyday tasks are not just 'Todo' or 'Done', but can hang in various states. Tasks helps you get a hold on your daily tasks through a bGame features a cosmic space with a variety of interactive objects. You are called to build and command a flotilla of ships, colonize planets, compete with other players and a lot more. Your tools are your brai...
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Taskwise is a simpler and faster way to keep track of your day. Create powerful checklists and goals that keep you focused. Features like Upcoming present a clear view of your day. Goals push you to build new h...
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(Solved): 8. You are arranging four charges, each having a value of +20C, into a square of sides 3cm in l ...
8. You are arranging four charges, each having a value of +20?C, into a square of sides 3cm in length. How much total work must you do in order to assemble this arrangement, assuming each charge starts very far away? Hint: The first one is free. The second one will feel the first one, the third one will feel the first two, and the fourth one will feel all three others. It does not matter in what order you add the charges to the square. ( 9 points)
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Understanding the Crucial Role of the Nitrogen Cycle in Sustaining Ecosystems
The nitrogen cycle is a vital process that plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of our ecosystems. Nitrogen is an essential element for all living organisms, and the cycle ensures that it is continuously available in various forms for them to utilize.
Why is the nitrogen cycle so important? First and foremost, nitrogen is an essential component of proteins and nucleic acids, which are the building blocks of life. Without nitrogen, living organisms would not be able to grow, develop, or reproduce. Additionally, nitrogen is a key nutrient for plants, contributing to their overall health and productivity.
The nitrogen cycle consists of several interconnected processes that transform nitrogen from the atmosphere into forms that can be used by plants and other organisms. These processes include nitrogen fixation, nitrification, assimilation, ammonification, and denitrification. Each step plays a crucial role in recycling nitrogen and making it available in different forms.
Furthermore, the nitrogen cycle has broader implications for the environment. Human activities, such as industrial agriculture and the use of fertilizers, have greatly disrupted the natural nitrogen cycle. Excessive use of fertilizers can lead to nitrogen runoff, which can contaminate water bodies and cause detrimental effects on aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, understanding and managing the nitrogen cycle is essential for sustainable agricultural practices and environmental conservation.
In conclusion, the nitrogen cycle is of paramount importance for the functioning of ecosystems and the sustainability of life on Earth. It is a complex and intricate process that ensures the availability of nitrogen, a vital element for all living organisms. By understanding and appreciating the significance of the nitrogen cycle, we can strive towards maintaining a delicate balance in our ecosystems and safeguarding the environment for future generations.
The Nitrogen Cycle: A Vital Process for Ecosystems
The nitrogen cycle is a crucial process for ecosystems around the world. Nitrogen is an essential element for all living organisms, and without it, life as we know it would not be possible. The cycle involves the conversion of nitrogen from one form to another, allowing it to be used by plants, animals, and microorganisms.
So why is the nitrogen cycle so important? First and foremost, nitrogen is a key component of proteins, DNA, and other vital molecules. It plays a crucial role in the growth and development of plants, and it is necessary for the production of chlorophyll, which allows plants to carry out photosynthesis. Without nitrogen, plants would be unable to grow and thrive.
In addition, the nitrogen cycle helps to regulate the availability of nutrients in ecosystems. Nitrogen is often the limiting factor in plant growth, so when it is in short supply, it can restrict the productivity of entire ecosystems. By recycling and converting nitrogen from different sources, such as atmospheric nitrogen, organic matter, and fertilizers, the nitrogen cycle ensures that there is a constant supply of this essential nutrient.
Furthermore, the nitrogen cycle also has environmental implications. When nitrogen is released into the environment through natural processes or human activities, such as the use of fertilizers, it can have detrimental effects. Excess nitrogen can lead to eutrophication, a process in which excessive nutrients cause algal blooms and oxygen depletion in aquatic ecosystems. This can have devastating impacts on fish and other aquatic organisms.
In conclusion, the nitrogen cycle is a vital process for ecosystems. It is essential for the growth and development of plants, helps to regulate nutrient availability, and has important environmental implications. Understanding and managing the nitrogen cycle is crucial for maintaining healthy and balanced ecosystems.
Understanding Nitrogen and its Role in the Environment
Nitrogen is an essential element for life on Earth. It is a key component of amino acids, proteins, and nucleic acids, which are the building blocks of all living organisms. Nitrogen is also a major constituent of Earth's atmosphere, making up about 78% of the air we breathe.
But why is nitrogen so important? The answer lies in its role in the environment. Nitrogen is a key nutrient for plants, and it plays a crucial role in the growth and development of crop plants. Without an adequate supply of nitrogen, plants would not be able to produce the proteins and enzymes needed for photosynthesis and other vital functions.
However, the availability of nitrogen in the environment is often limited. Nitrogen gas (N2) makes up about 78% of the atmosphere, but it is in a form that plants cannot directly use. They require nitrogen in the form of nitrates (NO3-) or ammonium (NH4+), which are more readily available for uptake by plant roots.
The Nitrogen Cycle
The nitrogen cycle is the process by which nitrogen is converted into different forms and cycled through the environment. It involves a series of biological, chemical, and physical processes that occur naturally in the environment. These processes include nitrogen fixation, nitrification, assimilation, and denitrification.
Nitrogen fixation is the process by which nitrogen gas is converted into ammonia (NH3) or ammonium (NH4+), which can be used by plants. This process is carried out by nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which have the ability to convert nitrogen gas into a usable form. Some plants, such as legumes, also have a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria and are able to fix nitrogen themselves.
Nitrification is the process by which ammonia or ammonium is converted into nitrites (NO2-) and then into nitrates (NO3-), which can be taken up by plants. This process is carried out by nitrifying bacteria.
Assimilation is the process by which plants take up nitrogen in the form of nitrates or ammonium and use it to build proteins, nucleic acids, and other nitrogen-containing compounds. This process is a vital part of plant growth and development.
Denitrification is the process by which nitrates are converted back into nitrogen gas, which is then released back into the atmosphere. This process is carried out by denitrifying bacteria and helps to maintain the balance of nitrogen in the environment.
The Importance of Nitrogen
The nitrogen cycle is essential for maintaining the availability of nitrogen in the environment and for sustaining life on Earth. It helps to ensure that there is a continuous supply of nitrogen for plants, animals, and other organisms.
Without the nitrogen cycle, the availability of nitrogen in the environment would be limited, and plants would not be able to grow and thrive. This would have a domino effect on the entire ecosystem, as plants are the primary producers that support all other organisms in the food chain.
In addition, the nitrogen cycle also plays a role in regulating the balance of nitrogen in the atmosphere. Nitrogen gas is a potent greenhouse gas, and excessive emissions of nitrogen compounds can contribute to air pollution and climate change. The nitrogen cycle helps to remove excess nitrogen from the environment and prevent these negative impacts.
In conclusion, nitrogen is an essential element for life on Earth, and the nitrogen cycle plays a crucial role in maintaining its availability in the environment. Understanding nitrogen and its role in the environment is important for ensuring the sustainability of ecosystems and for mitigating the negative impacts of excessive nitrogen emissions.
The Importance of Balanced Nitrogen Levels
Nitrogen is an important element for the growth and development of all living organisms. It is a key component of proteins, DNA, and other essential molecules. Without adequate nitrogen levels, plants, animals, and microbes cannot function properly.
Why Nitrogen is Important
Nitrogen plays a crucial role in the nitrogen cycle, which is the process by which nitrogen is converted from one form to another. This cycle includes nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, and ammonification. Each step in the cycle is facilitated by different types of bacteria and other microorganisms.
Nitrogen fixation is particularly important as it converts atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can use. This process is mainly carried out by nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which live in the roots of certain plants known as legumes. These bacteria have the ability to convert nitrogen gas into ammonia, which can then be used by plants to produce proteins and other necessary compounds.
The Importance of Balanced Nitrogen Levels
Having balanced nitrogen levels in the environment is crucial for maintaining the overall health of ecosystems. Excessive amounts of nitrogen can lead to a variety of problems, including eutrophication of water bodies, loss of biodiversity, and increased greenhouse gas emissions. On the other hand, nitrogen deficiency can limit plant growth and productivity.
By understanding the importance of balanced nitrogen levels, we can work towards implementing sustainable practices to ensure that nitrogen is used efficiently and in a way that minimizes its negative impacts on the environment. This includes practices such as proper fertilizer management, crop rotation, and the use of nitrogen-fixing cover crops.
Proper fertilizer management involves applying fertilizers at the right time and in the right amount, taking into account the specific needs of the plants and the soil.
Crop rotation is a practice where different crops are grown in a sequence on the same piece of land. This helps to break pest and disease cycles, improve soil health, and reduce the need for nitrogen fertilizers.
Nitrogen-fixing cover crops, such as clover or alfalfa, can be planted in between cash crops to replenish nitrogen in the soil naturally. These cover crops have the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen and make it available to other plants.
In conclusion, maintaining balanced nitrogen levels is important for the health and sustainability of ecosystems. By understanding why nitrogen is important and implementing sustainable practices, we can ensure that nitrogen is used efficiently and in a way that benefits both the environment and the organisms that depend on it.
Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria: Nature's Nitrogen Transformers
Why is nitrogen important? Nitrogen is an essential element for all living organisms, as it is a key component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other important molecules. However, nitrogen gas (N2) in the atmosphere is not easily usable by most organisms. This is where nitrogen-fixing bacteria come into play.
The Role of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are a group of microorganisms that have the unique ability to convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form, such as ammonia (NH3) or nitrates (NO3-). These bacteria form symbiotic relationships with certain plants and live in specialized structures called nodules found on the plant roots. In exchange for a home and nutrients, the bacteria provide the plant with a valuable source of nitrogen.
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are incredibly important for the overall health and productivity of ecosystems. By converting atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form, these bacteria play a vital role in nitrogen cycling, ensuring that there is a constant supply of nitrogen available for plant growth. This, in turn, supports the growth of other organisms in the food chain.
Examples of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria
There are various species of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, each with their own unique characteristics. One well-known example is Rhizobium, a bacteria commonly found in legume plants such as peas and beans. Another example is Azotobacter, which can be found in the soil and contributes to the nitrogen content of agricultural fields.
These bacteria help to enrich the soil with nitrogen, making it more fertile for plant growth. In addition to their symbiotic relationships with plants, nitrogen-fixing bacteria also play a crucial role in natural nitrogen fixation in marine ecosystems, where they contribute to the overall nitrogen budget.
In conclusion, nitrogen-fixing bacteria are nature's nitrogen transformers. They play a vital role in converting atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form for plants and other living organisms. Without these bacteria, the nitrogen cycle would be disrupted, leading to a depletion of nitrogen in the ecosystem. Therefore, understanding and appreciating the importance of nitrogen-fixing bacteria is crucial for maintaining a healthy and productive environment.
The Role of Plants in Nitrogen Uptake
Plants play a crucial role in the nitrogen cycle, as they are responsible for taking up nitrogen from the environment. Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for plant growth, development, and reproduction. It is a key component of amino acids, proteins, and nucleic acids, which are the building blocks of life.
One of the main reasons why nitrogen is vital for plants is its role in photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, plants convert sunlight into energy and use this energy to combine carbon dioxide and water to produce glucose and oxygen. Nitrogen is an important part of the enzymes that facilitate this process, allowing plants to efficiently produce food and sustain their growth.
Furthermore, nitrogen also plays a crucial role in plant proteins. Proteins are made up of amino acids, and nitrogen is an essential component of these amino acids. As such, nitrogen is necessary for the synthesis of proteins and the production of enzymes, hormones, and various other molecules that are essential for plant growth and development.
The Nitrogen Fixation Process
Although nitrogen is abundant in the atmosphere, it is mostly in a form that plants cannot directly utilize. Therefore, plants rely on specialized bacteria to convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form through a process called nitrogen fixation. These nitrogen-fixing bacteria live in the soil and form a symbiotic relationship with certain plant species, such as legumes.
The bacteria take atmospheric nitrogen and convert it into ammonium ions, which the plants can then absorb through their roots. The plants provide the bacteria with carbohydrates and energy in return, creating a mutually beneficial relationship. Through this process, plants are able to access the nitrogen they need for growth.
The Importance of Nitrogen for Agricultural Practices
The role of plants in nitrogen uptake is not only crucial for natural ecosystems but also for agricultural practices. Nitrogen is one of the primary nutrients required for crop production, and farmers often use nitrogen fertilizers to enhance plant growth and increase crop yields.
However, the excessive use of nitrogen fertilizers can have detrimental effects on the environment. When not efficiently absorbed by plants, excess nitrogen can leach into groundwater or runoff into rivers and lakes, leading to water pollution and eutrophication. Therefore, it is essential for farmers to implement sustainable nitrogen management practices to minimize environmental impacts.
In conclusion, plants play a vital role in the nitrogen cycle by taking up nitrogen from the environment. They require nitrogen for various essential processes, such as photosynthesis and protein synthesis. Understanding the role of plants in nitrogen uptake is crucial for maintaining healthy ecosystems and sustainable agricultural practices.
Nitrogen: Fuel for Plant Growth
The nitrogen cycle is a complex process that involves the movement of nitrogen through various biological, physical, and chemical processes. Nitrogen is an essential element for all living organisms, and it plays a vital role in the growth and development of plants.
Nitrogen is a primary component of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins. Proteins are essential for the structure and function of cells, tissues, and organs in plants. Nitrogen is also a key component of chlorophyll, the pigment responsible for photosynthesis, which is the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy.
Importance of Nitrogen in Plant Growth
Nitrogen is crucial for plant growth because it is required for many essential processes, including:
Cell Division: Nitrogen is a key component of DNA and RNA, which are involved in cell division and replication. This process is essential for plant growth and development.
Protein Synthesis: Nitrogen is needed for the synthesis of proteins, which are essential for the structure and functioning of cells, enzymes, and hormones.
Enzyme Activity: Many enzymes in plants require nitrogen for their proper functioning. Enzymes are biological catalysts that are essential for various metabolic reactions.
Photosynthesis: As mentioned earlier, nitrogen is a crucial component of chlorophyll, the pigment responsible for capturing sunlight and converting it into energy through photosynthesis.
Without an adequate supply of nitrogen, plants may exhibit stunted growth, yellowing of leaves (chlorosis), and reduced flower and fruit production. Nitrogen deficiency can severely affect crop yield and quality.
The Nitrogen Cycle in Plant Growth
Plants obtain nitrogen through their roots in the form of nitrate or ammonium ions. These ions are then assimilated into amino acids, proteins, and other nitrogen-containing compounds. When plants die, decomposers break down the organic matter, releasing nitrogen back into the soil as ammonium or nitrate ions.
The released nitrogen can be taken up by other plants, continuing the cycle. Some nitrogen can also be lost through leaching, runoff, or denitrification. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil can convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form for plants, replenishing the nitrogen supply.
Nitrogen Source
Nitrogen Transformation
Nitrogen Sink
Atmospheric Nitrogen
Nitrogen Fixation
Plants, Soil Organic Matter
Organic Nitrogen
Mineralization
Ammonium, Nitrate
Mineral Nitrogen
Nitrification
Nitrate
Nitrate
Assimilation, Denitrification
Plants, Loss through Leaching, Runoff, or Denitrification
In conclusion, nitrogen is a crucial fuel for plant growth. It is involved in essential processes such as cell division, protein synthesis, enzyme activity, and photosynthesis. Understanding the nitrogen cycle and ensuring an adequate supply of nitrogen is essential for promoting healthy plant growth and maximizing crop yield.
Nitrogen Runoff: The Environmental Consequences
Nitrogen runoff is a significant issue that can have severe environmental consequences. It is an unfortunate byproduct of the nitrogen cycle, which is essential for the health and sustainability of ecosystems. However, when nitrogen runoff occurs at high levels, it can lead to serious problems.
One of the primary sources of nitrogen runoff is agricultural practices. The excessive use of nitrogen-based fertilizers can result in runoff when it rains or when irrigation water runs off the fields. This runoff can enter nearby water bodies, such as rivers and lakes, leading to a process called eutrophication.
Eutrophication occurs when there is an excess of nitrogen and other nutrients in the water, causing an overgrowth of algae. These algae blooms can deplete the oxygen levels in the water, leading to the death of other aquatic organisms. This process not only harms aquatic life but can also disrupt the balance of an entire ecosystem.
In addition to eutrophication, nitrogen runoff can also contribute to the pollution of drinking water sources. When nitrogen enters groundwater or wells, it can contaminate the water supply and pose a risk to human health. High levels of nitrates in drinking water can lead to a condition called methemoglobinemia, or "blue baby syndrome," which can be especially harmful to infants.
To mitigate the environmental consequences of nitrogen runoff, various solutions can be implemented. These include implementing sustainable agricultural practices, reducing fertilizer use, and implementing buffer zones along water bodies to filter out excess nitrogen.
In conclusion, nitrogen runoff is an important issue that can have severe environmental consequences. It is crucial to address this issue to protect our ecosystems, aquatic life, and water quality. By understanding the impact of nitrogen runoff and implementing appropriate measures, we can ensure a healthier and more sustainable future.
The Impact of Nitrogen Pollution on Water Bodies
Nitrogen is an essential element in the natural cycle of life. It is present in the air, soil, and water, and plays a crucial role in plant growth and ecosystem balance. However, when nitrogen is released into the environment in excessive amounts, it can have a detrimental impact on water bodies.
The excessive amount of nitrogen in water bodies is mainly caused by human activities such as agricultural practices, industrial processes, and wastewater treatment. These activities release nitrogen into the environment in the form of nitrates and ammonia. When these nitrogen compounds enter water bodies through runoff or direct discharge, they can lead to water pollution.
The impact of nitrogen pollution on water bodies is significant and wide-ranging. One of the most noticeable effects is the excessive growth of aquatic plants, such as algae. Increased nitrogen levels in water bodies act as a fertilizer for these plants, promoting their rapid growth and reproduction. This excessive growth can lead to the formation of algal blooms, which cover the water surface and deplete the oxygen levels in the water, making it difficult for other aquatic organisms to survive.
Furthermore, when algal blooms die off, they sink to the bottom of water bodies. As they decompose, bacteria consume oxygen, leading to oxygen depletion in the water. This condition, known as hypoxia, can result in the death of fish and other aquatic organisms, creating what is commonly referred to as "dead zones."
Nitrogen pollution also contributes to the contamination of drinking water sources. High levels of nitrates in water can be harmful to human health, especially for infants and pregnant women. Nitrates can interfere with the blood's ability to carry oxygen, leading to a condition called methemoglobinemia, or "blue baby syndrome."
Overall, the impact of nitrogen pollution on water bodies is a critical environmental issue. It disrupts the natural balance of ecosystems, deprives aquatic organisms of oxygen, and poses risks to human health. It is crucial to understand the importance of the nitrogen cycle and take measures to minimize nitrogen pollution to ensure the sustainability and health of water bodies.
Nitrogen's Role in Climate Change
Nitrogen plays a crucial role in climate change due to its important role in the nitrogen cycle. The nitrogen cycle is a complex process that involves the conversion of nitrogen gas into various forms that can be used by living organisms.
One of the main ways that nitrogen impacts climate change is through the process of nitrogen fixation. Nitrogen fixation is the conversion of nitrogen gas into ammonia, which can then be used by plants to synthesize nitrogen-containing compounds.
Plants play a vital role in the nitrogen cycle as they take up nitrogen compounds through their roots. They use these compounds to grow and reproduce, and in the process, release nitrogen back into the environment. This release of nitrogen can lead to the emission of greenhouse gases such as nitrous oxide, which contributes to global warming.
Nitrous oxide is a potent greenhouse gas that has a much greater warming potential than carbon dioxide. It is released both naturally and through human activities such as agricultural practices, fossil fuel combustion, and industrial processes. The excessive use of nitrogen-based fertilizers in agriculture is a significant contributor to the increased release of nitrous oxide.
Another way that nitrogen affects climate change is through its role in eutrophication. Eutrophication is the excessive enrichment of water bodies with nutrients, primarily nitrogen and phosphorus. This can lead to the growth of harmful algal blooms, which deplete oxygen levels in water and can have detrimental effects on aquatic ecosystems.
It is important to understand the role of nitrogen in climate change to develop sustainable practices that minimize the negative impacts of human activities. By using nitrogen-based fertilizers more efficiently, promoting organic farming methods, and reducing nitrogen emissions from industrial processes, we can help mitigate the effects of nitrogen on climate change.
In conclusion, nitrogen's role in the nitrogen cycle has significant implications for climate change. Its impact is felt through the release of nitrous oxide, a potent greenhouse gas, and the promotion of eutrophication. Understanding and managing nitrogen in a sustainable way is crucial for mitigating the effects of climate change and ensuring the health of our ecosystems.
Nitrogen in Agriculture: The Need for Precision
Nitrogen is an important element in the agricultural industry, as it plays a vital role in the growth and development of plants. It is an essential nutrient that is necessary for the synthesis of proteins and the overall productivity of crops. However, the nitrogen cycle in agriculture needs to be carefully managed in order to ensure its effectiveness and to minimize potential negative impacts on the environment.
The nitrogen cycle is a complex process that involves the conversion of nitrogen from one form to another, such as from atmospheric nitrogen to a form that can be taken up by plants. This process is facilitated by various biological and chemical processes, and it is essential for maintaining a sustainable agricultural system.
One of the main reasons why the nitrogen cycle is important in agriculture is because nitrogen is often a limiting factor for plant growth. In order for crops to achieve their full potential, they require an adequate supply of nitrogen. However, excessive use of nitrogen fertilizers can lead to environmental pollution, such as water pollution and the release of greenhouse gases.
Therefore, precision in managing nitrogen in agriculture is crucial. Precision agriculture techniques, such as soil testing and nutrient management planning, can help farmers determine the optimal amount of nitrogen needed for their crops. This can prevent over-fertilization and minimize the risk of nitrogen pollution.
Furthermore, precision agriculture can also help farmers reduce their production costs and improve their overall efficiency. By applying the right amount of nitrogen at the right time and in the right place, farmers can maximize the use of resources and minimize waste.
In conclusion, the nitrogen cycle in agriculture is important for the growth and productivity of crops. However, in order to ensure its effectiveness and minimize negative environmental impacts, precision in managing nitrogen is essential. By adopting precision agriculture techniques, farmers can optimize their nitrogen use and contribute to a more sustainable and efficient agricultural system.
The Nitrogen Cycle and Sustainable Farming
One of the main reasons why the nitrogen cycle is so important is because of its impact on sustainable farming practices. Sustainable farming aims to minimize the use of synthetic fertilizers and instead rely on natural processes, such as the nitrogen cycle, to maintain soil fertility.
In traditional farming methods, synthetic fertilizers are often used to supply crops with the necessary nutrients for growth. However, these fertilizers can have negative environmental effects, such as pollution of waterways and soil degradation. Additionally, the production of synthetic fertilizers requires a significant amount of energy and resources.
By understanding and utilizing the nitrogen cycle, farmers can reduce their reliance on synthetic fertilizers. The cycle involves several important steps, including nitrogen fixation, nitrification, assimilation, and denitrification. These processes allow nitrogen to be converted into various forms that plants can use for growth.
For example, leguminous crops, such as soybeans and peas, have a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria. These bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that can be absorbed by plants. By incorporating leguminous crops into their farming systems, farmers can naturally replenish soil nitrogen levels without the need for synthetic fertilizers.
Cycle Stage
Description
Nitrogen Fixation
Conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into a form usable by plants.
Nitrification
Conversion of ammonium to nitrate by bacteria, making it available for plant uptake.
Assimilation
Incorporation of nitrate and ammonium into plant tissues for growth and development.
Denitrification
Conversion of nitrate back into atmospheric nitrogen by bacteria, completing the cycle.
In addition to reducing the reliance on synthetic fertilizers, sustainable farming practices that prioritize the nitrogen cycle can also improve soil health and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. By maintaining a balanced nitrogen cycle, farmers can minimize the risk of nutrient runoff and leaching, which can lead to water pollution. They can also reduce the amount of nitrogen-based greenhouse gases, such as nitrous oxide, released into the atmosphere.
Nitrogen in Urban Environments: Challenges and Solutions
Nitrogen is an essential element in the life cycle of all living organisms. It plays a crucial role in various biological and chemical processes. In urban environments, however, the nitrogen cycle faces unique challenges that can have significant impacts on both human and environmental health.
The main challenge in urban areas is the excessive accumulation of nitrogen due to human activities. Urbanization leads to increased fuel combustion, industrial processes, and agricultural practices, all of which release significant amounts of nitrogen compounds into the atmosphere. These nitrogen compounds can then be deposited onto urban surfaces through rainfall, contributing to the increased nitrogen load in the environment.
This excessive nitrogen accumulation poses several problems. One of the most significant challenges is its impact on water quality. Excess nitrogen can leach into groundwater and surface water bodies, leading to eutrophication. Eutrophication occurs when excess nutrients, including nitrogen, stimulate the growth of algae and other aquatic plants. This excessive growth can deplete oxygen levels in the water, leading to the death of fish and other aquatic organisms.
In addition to water pollution, excessive nitrogen can also contribute to air pollution. Nitrogen compounds released into the atmosphere can react with other pollutants, such as volatile organic compounds, to form harmful air pollutants, including ground-level ozone and particulate matter. These pollutants can have detrimental effects on human respiratory health and overall air quality in urban areas.
Despite these challenges, there are solutions that can help mitigate the negative impacts of excessive nitrogen in urban environments. Implementing sustainable urban planning practices can help minimize nitrogen emissions by promoting green spaces and reducing reliance on fossil fuels. Additionally, improving wastewater treatment processes can help remove nitrogen compounds before they enter water bodies.
Education and awareness campaigns can also play a significant role in addressing the nitrogen challenge in urban areas. By educating the public about the importance of the nitrogen cycle and the consequences of its disruption, individuals can make informed choices to reduce their nitrogen footprint. This can include adopting more sustainable agricultural practices, using nitrogen-efficient fertilizers, and reducing personal vehicle use.
In conclusion, the nitrogen cycle is crucial for maintaining the health of both urban environments and human populations. While the challenges posed by excessive nitrogen in urban areas are significant, implementing sustainable practices and fostering public awareness can help mitigate these challenges and ensure a healthier future for all.
The Role of Nitrogen in Industrial Processes
Nitrogen plays a crucial role in various industrial processes. It is an essential component in the production of fertilizers, explosives, and many other important chemicals. The availability of nitrogen is key to the success of these industries, making the nitrogen cycle a vital process that should not be overlooked.
Why is the nitrogen cycle important in industrial processes?
The nitrogen cycle ensures a sustainable supply of nitrogen for industrial processes. Nitrogen fixation, the process of converting nitrogen gas into a usable form, allows industries to obtain the nitrogen they need for manufacturing. Without the nitrogen cycle, the availability of nitrogen would be limited, hindering the production of important goods and materials.
The significance of nitrogen in different industrial sectors
Nitrogen is used in various industrial sectors for different purposes. In the agricultural sector, nitrogen-based fertilizers are widely used to increase crop yields. The production of these fertilizers heavily relies on the nitrogen cycle to obtain the necessary nitrogen compounds.
In the chemical industry, nitrogen is utilized in the production of ammonia, which serves as a feedstock for many other chemicals. Nitrogen is also a key component in the manufacturing of explosives, such as nitroglycerin. These industrial processes heavily depend on the availability of nitrogen through the nitrogen cycle.
Industrial Sector
Significance of Nitrogen
Agriculture
Nitrogen-based fertilizers increase crop yields
Chemical Industry
Nitrogen is used in the production of ammonia and other chemicals
Explosives Manufacturing
Nitrogen is a key component in the production of explosives
Overall, the nitrogen cycle plays a crucial role in maintaining a sustainable supply of nitrogen for industrial processes. Understanding the importance of this cycle can help ensure the success and efficiency of various industries that rely on nitrogen for production.
Nitrogen and Human Health
Nitrogen is an essential element for all living organisms, including humans. It plays a crucial role in various biological processes, such as cellular respiration, DNA replication, and protein synthesis. Without adequate nitrogen, our bodies cannot function properly.
The Importance of Nitrogen in the Human Body
One of the primary reasons nitrogen is essential for human health is its role in forming amino acids, the building blocks of proteins. Proteins are vital for growth, development, and repair of tissues, making nitrogen crucial for overall body growth and maintenance.
In addition to protein synthesis, nitrogen is involved in the production of nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA. These nucleic acids are responsible for carrying genetic information and regulating the body's functions, emphasizing the importance of nitrogen in human health.
Nitrogen and the Nitrogen Cycle
The nitrogen cycle, which involves the cycling of nitrogen through various habitats and organisms, directly impacts human health. Without a properly functioning nitrogen cycle, there would be a deficient supply of nitrogen in the environment, affecting the growth of plants and the availability of food.
Excessive nitrogen in the form of pollutants, such as nitrogen oxides and ammonia, can have negative effects on human health. High levels of nitrogen pollution can contribute to respiratory problems, such as asthma, and can even lead to the formation of harmful compounds, such as nitrites and nitrates, which can contaminate drinking water and pose a risk to human health.
In conclusion, nitrogen is not only important for the natural cycle of nutrients in the environment but also directly impacts human health. Understanding the significance of nitrogen in various biological processes and its role in the nitrogen cycle is crucial for promoting human well-being and minimizing the negative impacts of nitrogen pollution.
Managing Nitrogen: Strategies for a Sustainable Future
The nitrogen cycle is an important natural process that plays a crucial role in sustaining life on Earth. However, human activities have disrupted this cycle, particularly through the excessive use of nitrogen-based fertilizers in agriculture. To ensure a sustainable future, it is essential to implement effective strategies for managing nitrogen.
One strategy is to minimize nitrogen runoff from agricultural fields. This can be achieved through precision farming techniques that optimize the application of fertilizers, reducing the amount of excess nitrogen that enters waterways. Additionally, buffer zones can be created along streams and rivers to trap and filter nitrogen before it reaches sensitive ecosystems.
Another strategy is to promote the use of nitrogen-fixing plants. Legumes, such as peas and beans, have a unique ability to convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that is usable by plants. By incorporating legumes into crop rotations, farmers can reduce their reliance on synthetic fertilizers and promote a more sustainable nitrogen cycle.
Improving nitrogen management in livestock production is also crucial. Livestock produce significant amounts of nitrogen through their waste, which can contribute to air and water pollution. Implementing technologies such as anaerobic digesters can help capture and utilize nitrogen from manure, reducing its environmental impact.
Education and outreach are fundamental for the success of nitrogen management strategies. By raising awareness among farmers, policymakers, and the general public about the importance of the nitrogen cycle and the potential consequences of mismanagement, we can promote sustainable practices and encourage the adoption of new technologies.
In conclusion, managing nitrogen is vital for a sustainable future. By implementing strategies to minimize runoff, promoting nitrogen-fixing plants, improving livestock management, and increasing awareness, we can protect the integrity of the nitrogen cycle and ensure the health and well-being of our planet.
Education and Awareness: Spreading Knowledge about Nitrogen
Education and awareness about the nitrogen cycle are important because it helps individuals understand the significance of this natural process. The nitrogen cycle is a vital component of our ecosystem, as it plays a crucial role in the growth and development of all living organisms. By spreading knowledge about the nitrogen cycle, we can create awareness about its importance and the impact it has on the environment.
One way to educate people about the nitrogen cycle is through school curricula. Incorporating lessons about the nitrogen cycle in science classes can provide students with a solid foundation of understanding. By teaching them about the different steps of the nitrogen cycle, students can learn how nitrogen is transformed and utilized by various organisms in different stages of the cycle.
Another effective method of spreading knowledge about the nitrogen cycle is through community initiatives. Local workshops or seminars can be organized to educate residents about the importance of nitrogen and its role in the environment. These events can provide valuable information about how excessive use of nitrogen-based fertilizers can lead to water pollution and harm ecosystems.
Online platforms are also crucial in spreading awareness about the nitrogen cycle. Websites, blogs, and social media platforms can serve as accessible resources for people to learn more about nitrogen and its cycle. By sharing informative articles, infographics, and videos, we can reach a wider audience and inspire them to take action in preserving the nitrogen balance in our environment.
Education and awareness about the nitrogen cycle can also lead to changes in individual behavior. With a better understanding of the nitrogen cycle, people might adopt more sustainable practices in agriculture and gardening. By using nitrogen fertilizer efficiently and incorporating organic farming methods, we can minimize the negative impact on the environment and contribute to a healthier ecosystem.
In conclusion, education and awareness about the nitrogen cycle are of utmost importance. By disseminating knowledge about the significance of the nitrogen cycle, we can empower individuals to make informed decisions and take action to protect our environment. Together, we can work towards maintaining a balanced nitrogen cycle that supports the health and sustainability of our planet.
The Future of the Nitrogen Cycle: Innovations and Advances
Why is the nitrogen cycle so important? With an ever-growing global population and increasing environmental pressures, the nitrogen cycle has become a topic of great concern. However, with advancements in technology and scientific understanding, a brighter future for the nitrogen cycle is on the horizon.
Innovations in agriculture promise to play a significant role in optimizing the nitrogen cycle. Scientists are exploring new methods for nitrogen fixation, the process by which nitrogen from the atmosphere is converted into a usable form for plants. By developing more efficient biological and chemical nitrogen fixation techniques, it is possible to reduce the need for nitrogen-based fertilizers, which can have harmful environmental consequences.
Advances in wastewater treatment are also contributing to a more sustainable nitrogen cycle. Nitrogen removal technologies are being developed to minimize the discharge of nitrogen-rich effluents into water bodies. This helps to reduce the occurrence of harmful algal blooms and oxygen-depleted zones in rivers, lakes, and oceans.
Moreover, researchers are exploring innovative ways to enhance nitrogen recovery from organic waste. By recovering nitrogen from sources such as livestock manure and food waste, it can be recycled and used as a valuable nutrient in agricultural systems, reducing the reliance on synthetic fertilizers.
The future of the nitrogen cycle holds great potential for addressing environmental challenges and promoting sustainable agricultural practices. Continued investment in research and development will pave the way for even more innovative solutions that optimize nitrogen use, minimize environmental impacts, and ensure the long-term health and productivity of our planet.
Questions and answers:
What is the nitrogen cycle?
The nitrogen cycle is the process by which nitrogen is converted into various chemical forms as it circulates in the environment. It includes nitrogen fixation, nitrification, assimilation, ammonification, and denitrification.
Why is the nitrogen cycle important?
The nitrogen cycle is important because it is a critical component of the ecosystem. It helps to sustain life on Earth by providing the necessary nutrients for the growth of plants and the production of proteins. Without the nitrogen cycle, many essential biological processes would not be possible.
How does nitrogen fixation occur?
Nitrogen fixation occurs through biological and non-biological processes. In biological nitrogen fixation, certain bacteria and archaea convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia, which can then be used by plants. Non-biological nitrogen fixation happens through industrial processes like the Haber-Bosch process, which converts atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia for use in fertilizers.
What is the role of denitrification in the nitrogen cycle?
Denitrification is the process by which nitrogen compounds are converted back into atmospheric nitrogen. It occurs primarily in anaerobic environments and is carried out by denitrifying bacteria. Denitrification helps to regulate the amount of nitrogen in the ecosystem and prevent excessive build-up of nitrogen compounds.
How does the nitrogen cycle affect water quality?
The nitrogen cycle can have a significant impact on water quality. Excessive nitrogen runoff from agricultural practices or wastewater can lead to eutrophication, which is the excessive growth of algae and other aquatic plants. This can deplete oxygen levels in the water and harm aquatic life. Understanding and managing the nitrogen cycle is crucial for maintaining water quality in ecosystems.
What is the nitrogen cycle?
The nitrogen cycle is a natural process that converts nitrogen, an essential element for living organisms, into different forms that can be used by plants and animals.
Why is the nitrogen cycle important?
The nitrogen cycle is important because it regulates the availability of nitrogen in the ecosystem, which is essential for the growth and survival of living organisms. It helps in the process of nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, and ammonification.
How does the nitrogen cycle work?
The nitrogen cycle works through a series of processes. First, nitrogen fixation converts atmospheric nitrogen into compounds that plants can use. Then, nitrification converts ammonia into nitrites and nitrates. Plants take up nitrates through their roots and use them to grow. Denitrification converts nitrates back into atmospheric nitrogen. Finally, ammonification breaks down nitrogen-containing compounds and releases ammonia, which can then be used in the nitrogen fixation process again.
What happens if the nitrogen cycle is disrupted?
If the nitrogen cycle is disrupted, it can have serious ecological consequences. Excessive amounts of nitrogen can lead to water pollution, harmful algal blooms, and a decline in biodiversity. It can also contribute to air pollution and climate change.
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https://bicyclepotential.org/blog/understanding-the-crucial-role-of-the-nitrogen-cycle-in-sustaining-ecosystems
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The Instruction of Bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) decanedioate
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Bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) decanedioate is a chemical compound that is commonly used in the manufacturing of various products in the chemical industry. It is a colorless liquid that is insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents. The chemical structure of bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) decanedioate consists of a central piperidine ring that is flanked by two decanedioate groups. This chemical compound is highly reactive and can undergo a variety of reactions with other chemicals to form new compounds.
One of the primary uses of bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) decanedioate is as a catalyst in the production of polyurethanes. Polyurethanes are a type of polymer that is widely used in the manufacturing of rigid and flexible foams, adhesives, coatings, and other products. The catalytic properties of bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) decanedioate allow it to facilitate the reaction between a polyisocyanate and a polyol to form a urethane polymer. This reaction is exothermic and can produce a significant amount of heat, so careful monitoring of the reaction is necessary to avoid overheating and potential safety hazards.
In addition to its use as a catalyst, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) decanedioate is also used as a curing agent for epoxy resins. Epoxy resins are a type of polymer that is widely used in the manufacturing of adhesives, coatings, and other products. The curing process involves the reaction of an epoxy resin with a hardener, which usually contains a catalyst or curing agent. Bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) decanedioate is added to the hardener to facilitate the reaction and promote the formation of a strong, durable bond.
Bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) decanedioate is also used in the production of elastomers, which are materials that are flexible and can be stretched or compressed without breaking. These compounds are used in a variety of applications, including in the manufacturing of tires, rubber boots, and other products. Bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) decanedioate can be used as a curing agent to promote the formation of a strong bond between the polymer chains in the elastomer, which improves its mechanical properties and overall performance.
The use of bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) decanedioate in the chemical industry is limited to specific applications due to its potential health and environmental hazards. This chemical is considered to be a skin irritant and can cause respiratory problems if inhaled. It is also highly flammable and can ignite if it comes into contact with an open flame or other heat source. Proper handling and storage of bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) decanedioate are essential to prevent accidents and ensure the safety of workers and the environment.
Overall, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) decanedioate is a valuable chemical compound that is used in the production of various products in the chemical industry. Its unique reactivity and catalytic properties make it a useful component in the manufacturing
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4560efa8-c1be-40c6-a786-ff66260d1be0
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https://topic.echemi.com/a/the-instruction-of-bis1-2-2-6-6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl-decanedioate_326353.html
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single-domain antibodies
Introduction: Single-domain antibodies, often referred to as nanobodies, are gaining prominence in the fields of biotechnology and medicine. These diminutive antibody fragments, originating from heavy-chain antibodies in camelids, pack a powerful punch despite their small size. In this article, we delve into the world of single-domain antibodies, exploring their unique characteristics and promising applications. Unpacking Single-Domain Antibodies:
Single-domain antibodies stand out due to their distinct features:
1. Compact Size: These antibodies consist of a single heavy-chain variable domain (VHH), making them significantly smaller than conventional antibodies. Their petite nature, typically around 15 kDa, opens doors to various applications.
2. Steadfast Stability: Single-domain antibodies are known for their remarkable resilience, retaining their structural integrity and binding capabilities even under harsh conditions like extreme temperatures or pH extremes.
3. Laser-Like Specificity: Despite their size, nanobodies boast laser-like precision in target recognition. They can selectively bind to a wide range of targets, spanning proteins, peptides, small molecules, and non-protein entities.
4. Binding Prowess: These antibodies can exhibit robust binding affinities, often rivaling or surpassing their conventional counterparts.
5. All-Purpose Tools: Owing to their compactness, stability, and specificity, single-domain antibodies find utility across diverse applications, from research to diagnostics and therapeutics.
6. Production Ease: Recombinant DNA technology facilitates the production and customization of single-domain antibodies on a large scale.
Applications Galore: Nanobodies find applications in:
• Research: Valuable tools for structural biology, cell biology, and immunology research. They aid in protein purification, unraveling protein interactions, and serving as intracellular probes.
• Diagnostics: Key components in diagnostic assays, including immunoassays and lateral flow assays. Their small size and precision make them ideal for detecting specific antigens.
• Therapeutics: Gaining ground as potential therapeutics, particularly in the realm of targeted therapies for conditions such as cancer, autoimmune disorders, and infectious diseases.
• Imaging: Their stability and specificity render single-domain antibodies as potent molecular imaging agents in advanced techniques like positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT).
• Drug Delivery: Engineered versions of nanobodies can serve as drug delivery vehicles, ensuring precision in targeting cells or tissues while minimizing off-target effects. Conclusion:
Single-domain antibodies, the "small marvels" of the biomedical world, are poised to make a big impact. Their compact size, unwavering stability, and precise specificity make them formidable assets in research, diagnostics, and therapeutics. As research in this domain continues to evolve, the potential applications of nanobodies appear boundless, promising breakthroughs in healthcare and beyond.
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eca79d13-a846-4724-9a43-9d247a5fdf5a
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https://www.genscript.com/biology-glossary/17477/single-domain-antibodies
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UNESCO Science Report 2010
With the help of an international team of independent experts, UNESCO unveiled its Science Report 2010 on 10 November at its headquarters in Paris.
The report analyses "the trends and developments that have shaped scientific research, innovation and higher education over the past five years", in the context of two fundamental trends—competition and economic crisis. Among other things, the report highlights the challenges faced by the so-called "Triad" (comprised of Europe, Japan and the United States), in light of difficult economic times and rising competition from other economies in the area of R&D. Attention is also given to changing science trends, linked to new players in the global economy, notably China. Overall, following the example set by the previous report issued in 2005 this publication "proposes a world tour of the status of science today that should enable 'science watchers' everywhere to decipher the trends that are shaping our rapidly changing world."
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047bdd3c-3083-4738-b96a-e8e70c8b9b33
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https://aca-secretariat.be/newsletter/unesco-science-report-2010/
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Weather forecast
It's hot, humid, and it's going to stay that way for the rest of the week, so we hope you're prepared, as heat advisories and excessive heat watches have been issued for parts of our region over the next 24 hours. FOX 5 NY's Nick Gregory has your weather forecast.
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https://www.fox5ny.com/video/1094767
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Wooden Christmas Craft Ideas
Christmas is just around the corner, so it's time to start thinking about what decorations you'll put up this year. If you're looking for some unique and festive ideas, why not try some wooden Christmas crafts? There are a number of different projects you can make, from ornaments and wreaths to Santa figurines and tree skirts.
If you're new to crafting, don't worry – most of these projects are simple and easy to follow. And, best of all, they'll add a touch of rustic charm to your Christmas decorations. So, if you're looking for some inspiration, read on for some ideas on how to craft wooden Christmas decorations.
Ornaments
One of the easiest wooden Christmas crafts is to make ornaments. All you need is some wood, a saw, some paint or varnish, and a few decorations, such as ribbon or bells.
To make an ornament, start by cutting a piece of wood into a desired shape. You can use a variety of different shapes, including stars, circles, or trees. Then, use a saw to cut a hole in the center of the ornament. This will be the hole where you put the ribbon or string to hang the ornament.
Next, paint or varnish the ornament. You can use any color you like, but traditional Christmas colors like red, green, and gold are always festive. Finally, decorate the ornament with ribbon, bells, or any other decorations you like.
Wreaths
Another easy wooden Christmas craft is to make a wreath. You can make a simple wreath with just a few pieces of wood, or you can make a more elaborate wreath with lots of different decorations.
To make a simple wreath, start by cutting a piece of wood into a circular shape. You can use a compass or a freehand to draw the circle, or you can find a circular object like a bowl or a plate to trace. Then, use a saw to cut a hole in the center of the circle.
Next, use a hammer and nails to attach a piece of wire to the back of the wreath. This will be the hanger for the wreath. Finally, decorate the wreath with ribbon, ornaments, or any other decorations you like.
Santa Figurines
If you're looking for a more challenging wooden Christmas craft, why not try making a Santa figurine? This project requires a little more skill and patience, but the results are worth it.
To make a Santa figurine, start by cutting a piece of wood into the shape of a Santa Claus. You can use a template or freehand the shape, but make sure it's accurate. Then, use a saw to cut a small hole in the top of the Santa's head. This will be the hole for the hat.
Next, use a drill to make a hole in the bottom of the Santa's feet. This will be the hole for the stand. Finally, use a hammer and nails to attach the stand to the bottom of the Santa.
Once the Santa is assembled, you can paint or decorate him however you like. You can use Christmas colors, or you can get creative and use other colors and patterns.
Tree Skirts
If you have a Christmas tree, you'll need a tree skirt to cover the base of the tree. You can buy a tree skirt, or you can make your own using a piece of wood.
To make a tree skirt, start by cutting a piece of wood into a circular shape. The circle should
What can I make for Christmas out of wood?
There are many possibilities when it comes to creating Christmas decorations out of wood. One option is to create a simple wreath. You can either purchase a wreath frame, or create your own using a piece of wood that is circular in shape. You can then use a jigsaw to cut out a design in the middle of the wreath, or you can simply leave it plain. If you want to create a more intricate design, you can use a scroll saw.
Another option is to create a wooden tree ornament. You can either purchase a wooden ornament kit, or create your own using a piece of wood that is triangular in shape. You can then use a jigsaw to cut out the shape of a tree, and then use a saw to create the branches. You can then add embellishments such as beads, sequins, ornaments, etc.
If you want to create a Santa or a snowman, you can use a piece of wood that is rectangular in shape. You can then use a jigsaw to cut out the shape of the Santa or snowman, and then use a saw to create the details. You can then add embellishments such as a hat, a beard, etc.
If you want to create a more elaborate project, you can create a toy train. You can either purchase a toy train kit, or create your own using a piece of wood that is rectangular in shape. You can then use a jigsaw to cut out the shape of the train, and then use a saw to create the details. You can then add embellishments such as trees, houses, etc.
The possibilities are endless when it comes to creating Christmas decorations out of wood. So, if you are looking for a fun and creative project, then consider creating some Christmas decorations out of wood.
What can I craft for Christmas?
Christmas is a time for family, friends, and of course, lots of presents! If you're looking for some ideas on what to make for Christmas, you've come to the right place.
One option is to make homemade Christmas cards. You can find templates online, or come up with your own design. If you want to get really creative, you can make your own Christmas wrapping paper.
Another option is to make Christmas ornaments. There are lots of different things you can make, from simple ornaments made from felt or paper, to more complex ornaments made from clay or metal.
If you're feeling really ambitious, you could try making your own Christmas tree. There are lots of different tutorials online, and you can use any type of material you like.
Finally, if you really want to impress your friends and family, you could try making your own Christmas gifts. There are lots of different ideas online, from simple handmade soaps and candles, to more complex items like jewelry or wooden carvings.
Whatever you choose to make, have fun and happy crafting!
What is the most popular Christmas craft?
Christmas is a time for family, friends, and fun. It's also a time for crafts! Most people probably have a few favorite Christmas crafts that they like to do each year. But what is the most popular Christmas craft?
One of the most popular Christmas crafts is making ornaments. There are all sorts of different ornament crafts that you can do, from simple to intricate. You can make ornaments out of all sorts of different materials, including glass, metal, wood, and even candy.
Another popular Christmas craft is decorating the tree. There are all sorts of different ways to do this, from simple to complex. You can use lights, ornaments, garland, and all sorts of other decorations.
Another popular Christmas craft is making Christmas cards. There are all sorts of different designs that you can use, and you can use all sorts of different materials, including paper, fabric, and even vinyl.
So what is the most popular Christmas craft? It's hard to say, because there are so many different crafts that people enjoy doing. But it's likely that one or more of the crafts listed above are among the most popular.
What can you make with toilet roll tubes for Christmas?
Christmas is coming, and with it the associated flurry of activity – shopping, cooking, cleaning, and decorating. If you're looking for some last-minute ideas to add a bit of festive fun to your celebrations, why not try making some decorations or presents with toilet roll tubes?
Toilet roll tubes can be turned into a variety of different Christmas ornaments. For example, you can cut them into small snowflakes or stars, then paint or glitter them to give them a bit of sparkle. You could also use them to make a wreath or a Advent calendar.
If you're feeling particularly creative, you could even use toilet roll tubes to make a Christmas tree. Simply cut them into different lengths, then glue them together in a triangular shape. You can then decorate your tree with tinsel, baubles, and other festive decorations.
Toilet roll tubes can also be used to make gifts for your friends and family. For example, you could fill them with chocolates, sweets, or other small presents. You could also use them to make a card or a bookmark.
So if you're looking for some fun and festive ways to use up those leftover toilet roll tubes, why not give some of these ideas a try?
What gifts can you make out of wood?
Wooden gifts are a popular choice for any occasion, as they are both unique and stylish. Whether you are looking for a gift for a loved one or for a friend, there are many different options that you can choose from when it comes to wooden gifts.
One option is to create a piece of wooden art. This can be a great choice for a loved one, as you can personalise it with a personal message or a photograph. You can also choose to create a piece of art that is based on the recipient's interests, such as a painting of a favourite scene or a sculpture of their favourite animal.
Another option is to create a piece of wooden jewellery. This can be a great choice for a friend, as you can choose a style that is unique to them. You can also choose to create a piece of jewellery that is based on their interests, such as a necklace with a personalised pendant or a bracelet with a unique charm.
If you are looking for a more practical gift, you could choose to create a piece of wooden furniture. This can be a great choice for a loved one who is moving into their own place, as you can create a custom piece of furniture that is perfect for their home. You could also choose to create a piece of furniture that is based on their interests, such as a bookshelf that is designed to look like a library or a coffee table that is made out of reclaimed wood.
If you are looking for a unique gift that is perfect for any occasion, you should consider creating a piece of wooden art or jewellery. These gifts are sure to impress any recipient and they are sure to be a talking point at any gathering.
What can I make out of scrap wood?
If you are someone who loves DIY projects, or you are looking for a way to save some money, then you may be wondering what you can make out of scrap wood. Well, you are in luck, because there are actually a lot of things that you can make out of scrap wood.
One of the most popular things to make out of scrap wood is a birdhouse. Birdhouses are a great way to recycle old wood, and they also make a great addition to your backyard. Another popular project is a wood sign. Wood signs are a great way to add some personality to your home, and they are also a great way to show your patriotism. You can also make a lot of different furniture pieces out of scrap wood, including coffee tables, end tables, and even beds.
If you are looking for a challenging project, you may want to consider building a wooden boat. Building a boat out of scrap wood is definitely not for beginners, but it is definitely a rewarding project. If you are not interested in building a boat, you may want to consider building a dog house. Dog houses are a great way to keep your pet warm and safe, and they can also be a great addition to your backyard.
The possibilities are endless when it comes to what you can make out of scrap wood. So, don't be afraid to get creative, and don't be afraid to experiment. With a little bit of ingenuity and a lot of hard work, you can create something amazing out of scrap wood.
What crafts are trending for Christmas 2021?
Christmas is a time for togetherness, and what better way to celebrate than by making crafts with your friends and family? Here are some of the crafts that are trending for Christmas 2021.
One of the most popular crafts this year is making ornaments. There are many different ways to make ornaments, and you can use a variety of materials, including wood, metal, and glass. If you want to make a more traditional ornament, you can use a needle and thread to make a quilted ornament. You can also make ornaments out of paper, clay, or fabric.
Another popular craft this year is making gingerbread houses. This is a great activity for families, and you can use a variety of materials, including candy, cookies, and frosting. You can also make gingerbread houses out of cardboard or other materials.
Another popular craft this year is making Christmas cards. You can use a variety of materials, including paper, fabric, and felt. You can also use a variety of techniques, including quilting, embroidery, and cross-stitch.
If you want to do something a little different, you can make a Christmas wreath. You can use a variety of materials, including evergreen boughs, berries, and ornaments. You can also use a variety of techniques, including wreath-making techniques, bow-making techniques, and ornament-hanging techniques.
If you want to get really creative, you can make a Christmas tree out of other materials. You can use materials like pipe cleaners, paper, and straws to make a Christmas tree that is unique and special.
Whatever craft you choose to do, Christmas is a great time to get creative and have
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fe13bc1d-f788-4d2b-abd4-acf43e3bd29b
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https://uptowncraftworks.com/wooden-christmas-craft-ideas/
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Made by Sophie Conran for Portmeirion, This beautiful handled roasting dish is one of my favorite pieces in the kitchen. It can go straight from the freezer, to the oven and table, making it ideal to cook and serve. It's called a roasting dish but you can use it for anything (including Apple Crisp!). It's dishwasher, microwave, freezer, and oven safe.
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97a9f794-249c-4629-bfd0-25f520444428
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https://www.healthyish-inahurry.com/post/apple-crisp
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trancription factors - short non coding pieces of rna that act within a cells nucleus, activate or supress transcription of the gene - tumour supressor genes and proto-oncogenes
2
Q
Post transcriptional gene regulation
A
introns and exons - introns are non coding parts of DNA some may encode proteins and some may be short non coding lengths of RNA involved in gene regulation
3
Q
Post translational level of gene expression
A
enzymes are activated by being phosphorylated
4
Q
Describe how post translational activation happens
A
hormone binds to receptor on plasma membrane of target cell
actives g protien
actives adneyl cyclase
converts ATP to cAMP
cAMP activates PKA
PKA catalyses phosphorylation of proteins hydrolysing ATP in the process, activates enzymes in the cytoplams
PKA phosphorylates CREB
enters nucleus and acts as a transcriptional facotr
5
Q
Homeobox sequence
A
180 base pair found within gene that are involved in regulating patterns of anatomical development in animal fungi and plants
6
Q
What is the homeodomain sequence
A
Homeodomain sequence can fold into a particular shape and bind to DNA regularing transcription of adjacent genes 60 amino acid sequence Contains two alpha helixes connected by one turn Binds to TAAT sequence of the enhancer region
Runners stolens - grow on the surface, grow horizontal- can form roots at certain points Rhizomes - grow underground - grow horizontally can form roots at certain points suckers - new stems that grow from the roots- horiztonal branch might die leaving new stem as a separate individual Bulbs - overwintering mechanims, undergound stem grows from a series of fleshy leaf bases, apical bud each grow into new plants Corns - solid underground stem scaly leave and buds that grow into new plants Leaves - immature plants drop of and take root Tubers - underground stem, grow into one or more plants
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Efficiexy of biomass tranfer
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Biomass at higher trophic level/ biomass at lower trophic level x 100
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Q
What is productivity
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The rate of production of new biomass by producers
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Q
Work out net primary productivity
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Gross primary productivity- respiration
31
Q
Succession on a rock
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Algae and lichems pioneer community Erosion of rock and build up of dead rotting organic material produce enough soil for larger plants like mosses and ferns to grow succeding the lichens and algae Reach climax community
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eng
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fecf5e0e-7498-45bf-85f9-18893ad27529
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https://www.brainscape.com/flashcards/stuff-need-to-know-for-the-exam-6972722/packs/10226653
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ABSTRACT
Background: Spiders are one of the most abundant predatory groups found in the Citrus orchards. They feed on insects as well as other arthropod pests. Keeping in view of their important role in the natural biological control, the current study was carried out to study the spider fauna of the Khasi Mandarin (Citrus reticulata) ecosystem present in the Northeastern parts of India.
Methods: The field surveys were carried out during 2016-21 in the seven Northeastern states, namely, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram and Tripura. The different localities were selected based on the pre dominance of Khasi Mandarin cultivation and the different geographical and climatic conditions.
Result: During the course of the survey, spiders belonging to 19 species, 16 genus and 8 different families were recorded from the study areas. The predominant families were Salticidae (36.84%) and Araneidae (26.31%) along with the reported presence of Oxyopidae (10.52%), Hersiliidae (5.2%), Heteropodidae (5.2%), Pisauridae (5.2%), Tetragnathidae (5.2%) and Thomisidae (5.2%). The highest and least population of spiders belonged to the species, Oxyopes birmanicus Thorell (Family: Oxyopidae) and Neoscona spp. (Family: Araneidae) respectively. The rich faunal diversity of spiders found during the present investigation indicate that spiders could be utilized as potential biocontol agents in the management of Khasi Mandarin pest complex.
KEYWORDS
INTRODUCTION
Citrus is the third most important fruit crop of India, grown over an area of about 10.39 lakh ha with an annual production of 13.18 million tonnes (National Horticultral Board, 2019). Among the various species of Citrus, Khasi Mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) is the most popular and economically important cultivar of North East India which is historically believed to be the centre for the dissemination of Citrus to other parts of the world (Srivastava and Singh, 2006). In India, Khasi Mandarin constitutes about 43.6% of the total Citrus fruits production, covering nearly 38.2% of the total Citrus cultivation area (Tariang et al., 2018). Khasi Mandarin occupies the major area in the northeastern India due to its high commercial importance in with respect to its production and export value (Deshmukh et al., 2016). In the North East Region (NER), Assam is the leading producer of Khasi Mandarin with a production of 598.96 thousand tones, covering an area of 105.49 thousand hectares of total 0.31 million hectares (Sangma et al., 2018). Khasi Mandarin is known for its flavour, juice content and superior soluble sugar and acidity ratio (Deka et al., 2018). Given its position as one of the major commercial crops of Northeastern region, an increase in the infestation of Citrus orchards by insect and arthropod pests has led to the incurrence of huge annual losses and yield reduction (Kakoti et al., 2019). Severe incidence of pests viz. Trunk borer (4.40 to 48.65%), Bark eating caterpillar (10.80-43.76%), citrus leaf miner (4.00 to 49.27%) and Citrus butterfly (3.32 to 27.89%) have been reported by Deka et al., 2016. Extensive use of pesticides to manage pest complexes in orchards has resulted in secondary pest emergence, development of pesticide resistance and loss of biodiversity among others. The growing concern over the harmful residual effects of pesticides on the environment and human health demands for the urgent need to look for innovative biological pest management practices. One of the most efficient and self sustainable bio control agents are natural enemies of the pest species in the form of predators or parasitoids.
Spiders (Class Arachnida: Order Aranae) are generally recognized as one of the most varied and functionally important invertebrates (Basumatary and Brahma, 2017). There are approximately 49669 species of spiders belonging to 4228 genera and 129 families worldwide (World Spider Catalogue version 21). In India, a total of 1686 species belonging to 60 families and 438 genera have been reported till date (Keswani et al., 2012). By virtue of their polyphagous nature, spiders play an important role in regulating the arthropod population in various agro-ecosystems (Sunderland, 1999). Spiders are recognized as dominant insectivores in many agro-ecosystems due to their predatory behaviour. Spiders have been used successfully against various Citrus pests under both laboratory and field conditions (Xiao et al., 2007). Considering the rich faunal diversity of spiders in Northeastern India and their role as efficient natural predators, an attempt was made to document and study the diversity of different spider species in the Khasi Mandarin Ecosystem of the Northeastern parts of India.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The northeastern region of India lies at the conjugation of Indo-Himalayan mega biodiversity hotspot. The region lies at 21o50' and 29o34'N latitude and 85o34' and 97o50'E longitude. Field observations were carried out during a period of five years, from May 2016 to May 2021 in the North Eastern states of Assam (Kamrup, Jorhat, Goalpara, Karbi Anglong, Dibrugarh and Tinsukia districts), Arunachal Pradesh (Lohit, Lower Dibang Valley and East Siang districts), Nagaland (Dimapur district), Manipur (Tamenglong, Bishnupur and Noney districts), Meghalaya (Ri-Bhoi and West Garo Hills districts), Mizoram (Kolasib, Lunglei and Aizawl districts) and Tripura (Sipahijala and Gomati districts). The spiders were collected quarterly at an interval of 3 months from Citrus reticulata orchards using methods suggested by Tikader (1987). The sampling was conducted randomly from four different sides of the lower branches of the plant. The spiders resting on the orb webs or plant parts were collected by placing a jar containing spirit below the spider and slightly tapping the spider into it. The collections were either made in the early hours of the mornings or in the evenings as the spiders are less active during these times. The spiders collected during each sampling were brought to laboratory, washed with alcohol, stored in a mixture of 75% ethyl alcohol with proper labeling of locality, date of collection and name of the host plant along with other notes of importance. The preserved spiders were later examined under stereomicroscope Labomed CZM6 in the laboratory and identified with the help of taxonomic keys and available literature. On the basis of the rate of occurrence, the spiders were divided into four categories viz. very common (spiders found in >35 collections), common (15<35 collections), rare (5<15 collections) and very rare (<5 collections) (Bhat et al., 2013).
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
During the course of the study, individuals belonging to 19 species, 16 genus and 8 different families were recorded. The observed data (Table 1) indicates that the most abundant species belonged to the family salticidae (36.84%) followed by the family araneidae (26.31%). The family oxyopidae (10.52%) ranked third with respect to diversity of species. The five families hersiliidae, heteropodidae, pisauridae, tetragnathidae and thomisidae had the lowest amount of species diversity at 5.2% each. Based on the classification given by Uetz et al., (1999), the spider population belonged to four different foraging guilds as illustrated in Fig 1. Stalkers were the most abundant group at 47.37%, followed by orb-weaver population of 31.58% while foliage runners and ambushers were found in equal amounts at 10.53% each. The spider species observed in the Khasi Mandarin Ecosystem are given in Fig 2.
Fig 2: Important species of spiders observed in the khasi mandarin ecosystem of northeastern India.
Although the maximum population of spiders was observed during the winter months, there were considerable exceptions with respect to the individual families as well as species. In general, the spiders were found throughout the year but the least amount of population was recorded during the peak summer months. Individuals belonging to the family Salticidae were recorded throughout the year with a negligible amount of fluctuation. Among the individuals of the family Salticidae, the highest recorded species was Telamonia elegans followed by Carrhotus spp. Individuals belonging to the Carrhotus decorata, Telamonia dimidata and Hasarius spp. were also recorded, though in smaller amounts, showing their considerable presence in the ecosystem. The members of the family Araneidae ranked second highest in species diversity. The highest population belonged to the Araneus spp. The second highest population was recorded for the Neoscona spp. which was usually found active after sunset. Also, the occurrence of Neoscona spp. coincided with the onset of rainy season. Eriovixia spp., Eriovixia laglaizei and Thelacanthabrevispina were also recorded from the orchards. In case of the family Oxyopidae, the dominant species was Oxyopes birmanicus though a considerable population of Oxyopes shweta was also recorded. The members of the family Oxyopidae were observed in relatively large numbers during late August and early September. Although the two families Tetragnathidae and Hersiliidae lacked any species diversity, the populations of the individual species were in relatively large numbers. Overall, the highest population of individuals was recorded for Oxyopes birmanicus followed by Telamonia elegans with Carrhotus spp. and Tylorida spp. having the third and fourth highest populations, respectively. The lowest population belonged to Neoscona spp.
The Northeastern hilly region of India has a diverse population of spiders but much of it still remains unexplored. A few surveys have tried to document the spider diversity of North East India (Biswas and Majumder, 2006; Biswas and Majumder, 2007; Anindita et al., 2017) but it falls short considering the status of north-east India as a biodiversity hotspot. The results obtained during the present study confirm the presence of a complex and rich community of spiders in the Khasi Mandarin ecosystem of Northeastern India. The species diversity and distribution of spiders often vary from one geographical area to another due to slight changes in the habitat structure, complexity and microclimate (Downie et al., 1999). High species diversity allows more healthier and complex interactions among the members of the community and is hence considered an indicator of good environmental conditions (Hill, 1973).
Citrus orchards have long since offered a semi permanent habitat harboring a rich and abundant arthropod fauna that enables more self-sustained spider populations to exist (Monzo et al., 2011).Alvis (2003) reported the occurrence of 55 spider species in the Citrus canopy of a Citrus-growing area. Over the years, spiders have been used as biocontrol agents of many Citurs pests in different parts of the world. A population of spiders, dominated by Chiracanthium mildei played a prominent role in the management of scale Ceroplastes floridensis in the commercial Citrus groves of Northern Israel (Mansour and Whitecomb, 1986). In Florida, the three species of sac spiders, Chiracanthium inclusum, Hibana velox and Trachelas volutus, were reported as important predators of citrus leaf miner, Phyllocnistis citrella(Amalin et al., 2001).
Apart from a few exceptions, the trend in species diversity was more or less the same all throughout the entire northeastern region. The most abundant species belonged to the families Salticidae and Araneidae in all the Khasi Mandarin cultivation areas. Salticidae and Araneidae have displayed high species richness and are more often than not found to be the predominant families in many ecosystems. Sudhikumar et al., (2005) recorded the highest number of species (17) of Salticidae belonging to 15 genera in the rice agroecosystem of Kerala. Among 21 families of spiders, captured from the Punjab province of Pakistan, Salticidae was the prominent family (31.09%) with 9 genera and 27 species (Parveen et al., 2007). During the study of the occurrence of spiders in major fruit crops of Punjab, highest genetic diversity was observed in Salticidae, followed by Araneidae and Oxyopidae (Singh et al., 2020). In the Wayanad plateau of Western Ghats, Araneidae was the dominant family constituting 24 species from 10 genera (Jose, 2010). Araneidae was also found significantly (28.14%) in Barpeta district of Assam, whereas the spider family Hersilidae had the least population (Singh et al., 2012).Chetia and Kalita (2012) found the distribution of some families (Araenidae, Aalticidae, Tetragnathidae) to be continuous.
During the present study, most of the spider species found in the Citrus ecosystem were recorded all throughout the year. In general, a rise in the number of spiders was first observed during the early month of March, with the population attaining a peak during August-September. Most of the population tended to decline during late December-January. Similar to the results obtained during the current investigation, Tahir et al., (2011) reported abundance of adult spiders during the month of August in the citrus orchards of Lahore, Pakistan. Tahir et al., (2015) observed that there was a strong positive correlation between abundance of insect pests and spiders (predators) which suggested that spiders could effectively control insect pest populations in the field. This conclusion is concurrent with the findings of the present investigation as the peak rise in population of spider coincided with that of the peak period of infestation by citrus pests.
CONCLUSION
The observations made during the present investigation hopes to serve as a preliminary study on the spider diversity found in the Khasi Mandarin orchards of North-East India. Spiders play an important role in the ecosystem and exploiting their role as in pest management strategies cannot take place if the species involved are not known. Going forward, extensive studies should be carried out to record the species diversity to grasp a more in-depth knowledge of the predator-prey interactions between spiders and citrus pests. The various factors influencing the faunal diversity of the area need to be investigated as well
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2247ca0c-9f86-4d4f-bd32-7b2a37741480
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https://www.arccjournals.com/journal/indian-journal-of-agricultural-research/A-5935
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Beyond Belief: 7 Mysterious Disappearances That Remain Unsolved
There's something undeniably haunting about a disappearance that remains unsolved. The questions that remain unanswered, the families left in limbo, and the sense of mystery that surrounds these cases can make them feel almost otherworldly.
As humans, we crave answers. We want to understand the world around us and make sense of the events that happen in our lives. But sometimes, the universe seems to have other plans, and we're left with more questions than answers.
In this article, we'll explore 7 mysterious disappearances that continue to baffle investigators and capture the imaginations of people around the world.
7 Mysterious Disappearances That Remain Unsolved
1. The Disappearance of Amelia Earhart
Amelia Earhart was a trailblazer in aviation and one of the most famous pilots in history. In 1937, she set out on a solo flight around the world, but her plane disappeared somewhere over the Pacific Ocean. Despite an extensive search effort, no trace of Earhart or her plane was ever found.
Theories abound as to what happened to Earhart. Some speculate that she crashed into the ocean and perished, while others believe she was captured by the Japanese and held as a prisoner of war.
Regardless of the truth, Amelia Earhart's disappearance remains a source of fascination for people around the world, and her legacy as a pioneer in aviation continues to inspire.
2. The Vanishing of the Sodder Children
On Christmas Eve 1945, the Sodder family home in West Virginia caught fire. Five of the Sodder children escaped, but the remaining five were never found, despite an extensive search effort.
The case took a strange turn when the Sodders began receiving anonymous tips suggesting that their children were alive and living in different parts of the country. Despite their best efforts, the family was never able to locate their missing children, and the case remains unsolved to this day.
3. The Disappearance of the Beaumont Children
In 1966, three siblings – Jane, Arnna, and Grant Beaumont – went missing from a beach in Adelaide, Australia. Despite an extensive search effort, no trace of the children was ever found.
The case remains one of Australia's most infamous unsolved mysteries, and theories abound as to what happened to the Beaumont children. Some believe they were abducted by a serial killer, while others think they may have been the victims of a pedophile ring.
Regardless of the truth, the disappearance of the Beaumont children is a tragedy that has haunted Australia for decades.
4. The Vanishing of DB Cooper
In 1971, a man calling himself DB Cooper hijacked a commercial airplane and demanded a ransom of $200,000. After receiving the money, Cooper parachuted out of the plane and was never seen again.
Despite an extensive search effort, no trace of Cooper or the money was ever found. To this day, the identity of DB Cooper remains a mystery, and the case has become one of the most famous unsolved crimes in American history.
5. The Disappearance of Madeleine McCann
In 2007, three-year-old Madeleine McCann went missing from her family's vacation apartment in Portugal. Despite a massive search effort and an international investigation, no trace of Madeleine was ever found.
The case remains one of the most high-profile missing person cases in history, and theories abound as to what happened to Madeleine. Some believe she was abducted by a pedophile ring, while others think her parents may have been involved in her disappearance.
Regardless of the truth, the disappearance of Madeleine McCann is a tragedy that has captivated people around the world.
6. The Vanishing of the Roanoke Colony
In 1587, a group of approximately 120 English settlers established a colony on Roanoke Island, off the coast of present-day North Carolina. When a resupply mission arrived in 1590, they found the settlement abandoned, with no sign of the colonists.
The only clue left behind was the word "Croatoan" carved into a post. The disappearance of the Roanoke colonists remains a mystery, and theories abound as to what happened to them. Some speculate that they were attacked by Native Americans, while others believe they may have assimilated into a nearby tribe.
7. The Disappearance of the USS Cyclops
In 1918, the USS Cyclops, a massive naval ship carrying over 300 crew members and 10,000 tons of manganese ore, disappeared somewhere in the Bermuda Triangle. Despite an extensive search effort, no trace of the ship or its crew was ever found.
Theories abound as to what caused the disappearance of the USS Cyclops. Some speculate that the ship was sunk by a German U-boat or struck by a rogue wave, while others believe it may have been sucked into a vortex or encountered extraterrestrial forces.
Conclusion
These 7 mysterious disappearances are just a few examples of the countless unsolved cases that continue to captivate people around the world. While we may never know the truth behind these mysteries, they serve as a reminder of the inherent mysteries of our world and the enduring human desire for answers.
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51916d06-e08e-4d85-aee1-42bb7825c4e4
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https://mozlo.com/curiosity/beyond-belief-7-mysterious-disappearances-that-remain-unsolved/
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Clean Energy
Renewable energy sources, such as wind or solar, are becoming increasingly popular. But before you start your project, be aware of the legal considerations, such as restrictive zoning regulations and permitting requirements.
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eng
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a96bdb53-c1d3-47b1-982c-b86cc65ceb86
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https://2grafik.com/tag/clean-energy/
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Tag: version
If you're undecided about becoming active or boosting your level of physical activity because you're afraid of getting hurt, the excellent news is that reasonable-intensity cardio exercise, similar to brisk strolling, is generally secure for most individuals. Everyone can expertise the health benefits of physical exercise – age, skills, ethnicity, shape, or dimension don't matter.
Fortunately, there are ways to counteract these unfavorable results. If you need to enhance your basic properly-being, you need to take care of each your physical and mental health. People with psychological well being circumstances are much less more likely to have access to adequate health care. People with mental well being conditions usually tend to smoke than those that don't have psychological well being conditions. Among smokers, individuals with psychological well being circumstances are more likely to smoke a greater variety of cigarettes.
Support Us
If you're a physically energetic middle-aged or older grownup, you've a lower risk of functional limitations than people who are inactive. Hip fracture is a severe well being situation that may have life-altering unfavorable effects, particularly if you're an older adult. Physically lively individuals have a decrease risk of hip fracture than inactive individuals.
How Can Poor Psychological Well Being Affect Our Bodies?
In abstract, routine physical activity seems to be necessary in preventing loss of bone mineral density and osteoporosis, significantly in postmenopausal ladies. The advantages clearly outweigh the potential dangers, significantly in older people. In abstract, regular bodily activity seems to confer a health benefit to sufferers … Read More
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42b90273-3cc7-4a74-a6d7-a12aaf13d901
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https://www.the-edges.net/tag/version
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create an electronic signature in openoffice?
In openoffice the most popular way is to use openofficeSignature-writer, that's also the official software of the ooOoOoo Project. In that case you should use the following procedure to create your own signature:
Download and install OpenOffice Writer.
Go to the OpenOffice Writer Options in the menu bar and click (if this menu bar item doesn't appear, click in the menu bar or right click on the icon for OpenOffice ).
Click on the Signatures tab of Options to view the different types of signatures.
If you want to add a signature to your document, select the option to use your computer's default signatures.
Now, you can add a signature by clicking on a text box (see diagram):
This will create a new signature. If you like to use your own signature, please make a copy of your signature file to a folder of your choice.
After you have created your signature, you can use the signature to edit your document. When you click on the button you can use the editable text box to type in the text, which we will now modify.
Click the Edit button:
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https://www.signnow.com/business-cases/industry-e-sign-government-florida-arbitration-agreement-easy
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95% Confidently Incorrect
How to interpret one of the most widely misunderstood results in medicine
95% Confidently Incorrect
Yes, this post is about statistics - BUT WAIT! Give it a chance - I promise there are no formulas or maths, and you might find it useful, or better yet, interesting!
This is all about the 95% confidence interval (95% CI). For those who are unfamiliar, this is a statistic which provides a range of uncertainty around the main result (referred to as a point estimate) of a study. For example, a study might show that medication X reduces your chance of dying after a heart attack with a relative risk (RR) point estimate of 0.8, and a 95% CI of 0.7 to 0.9.
The 95% CI is one of the most misunderstood results in statistics, and one of the main reasons for this is it is usually taught wrong.
The common understanding of a 95% confidence interval is that there is a 95% chance the true result lies within that range. Let me begin by saying this is false.
However, most explanations of why it is false are unintuitive, and sometimes seem like fastidious and irrelevant technicalities. That is a shame, because in my opinion there is an intuitive way of explaining why this is false, and why it is important to understand it is false.
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Why doesn't a 95% CI mean this?
It's much easier to explain what a 95% CI doesn't mean than what it does, so we will start with that. Central to understanding this result is understanding 2 differing philosophies of probability, both of which you probably understand intuitively, but may not have considered as being separate.
Frequentist philosophy is based on understanding of the number of times an outcome occurs under multiple repetitions. For example, rolling a dice or tossing a coin multiple times, or in biomedicine, random sampling from a population or repeating an experiment. It says, "when I repeat this thing over and over again, I expect X proportion of the results to be Y (or more/less than Y)".
Bayesian philosophy is based on a subjective probability of an outcome occurring, usually in a specific instance which may not be repeatable. For example, the probability it will rain today or that England will win the World cup this year. Importantly, Bayesian probability is an expression of belief, and incorporates prior beliefs (referred to simple as "priors") into this subjective probability which are updated as new data is gathered. It says, "Adding in this data to what I knew before, I believe there is a X% chance that true result is Y (or more/less than Y)".
A 95% CI is explicitly a frequentist expression of probability. This means, that under multiple repetitions of a particular experiment, 95% of ALL the confidence intervals would contain the true result. This is NOT the same as making a subjective (Bayesian) probability statement about any single 95% CI that it has a 95% chance of containing the true result.
To show how these two similar sounding things can be very different, here is an extreme example.
Let's take a completely discredited therapy - Vitamin C has failed to show any evidence of efficacy for reducing mortality from sepsis in any randomised trials. We more-or-less know that it is not meaningfully effective and the true effect size is ~0.
Let's say I somehow still manage to get ethical approval to do another trial of Vitamin C for sepsis. By random chance, the result of my study is that the patients treated with Vitamin C had a lower rate of mortality, with RR 0.8, 95% CI 0.7 - 0.9. Is there a 95% chance that the true effect lies between 0.7 and 0.9? No! Of course not!
We already know that this treatment doesn't reduce mortality. There is a much lower subjective probability of the true result being within this range, in fact it is closer to 0% than 95%! This is despite the fact that it remains true that if we repeated this experiment over and over again, we would expect 95% of all the CIs to contain the true effect.
The key point here is that when making a subjective statement about probability, we have to take into account what is already known. We are not simply making a statement about what we expect under repetition (which is what a 95% CI means), we are making a statement about what we believe to be true in that specific instance. If we very strongly believe the result, we might have a stronger subjective probability than 95%. Equally, we may have reason to strongly doubt the result (as in the example) in which case our subjective probability will be much lower.
At the risk of adding some confusion, it is possible that the frequentist and subjective probability statements can align. This would occur in a scenario where you know absolutely nothing about the experiment, and so can incorporate no prior information into your subjective probability. In this case, all you know is that the long run probability of the 95% CIs is that 95% of them will contain the true result, and in the case when this is the only information available to inform a subjective probability statement, your subjective probability of the 95% CI containing the true result will be 95% (for those interested, this is the intuitive explanation for why when using a Bayesian analysis with an uninformative prior, the 95% credible interval will be exactly the same as the frequentist 95% confidence interval).
In reality, the likelihood you would be interpreting a specific 95% CI in the context of absolutely no information about the experiment at all is so small as to be irrelevant, and this is why it is important we dispel the notion that the probability that a single given 95% CI automatically has a 95% probability of containing the true result. This subjective probability statement is heavily influenced by what we already know, or believe to be true.
What DOES a 95% CI mean?
This is a very difficult question and is even a point of much discussion amongst statisticians. I will not claim some infallible truth to the meaning of a 95% CI, but will try to explain some important philosophical and technical points on its interpretation.
It is true that a 95% CI has the long run characteristic of 95% of them containing the true result under repetition - but this phenomenon is almost a distraction, because as we've seen, it is almost irrelevant in interpreting any particular 95% CI. The purpose of a 95% CI is simply to give a range of potential true effects which would be compatible with your observed data.
The technical way to understand this range, is to imagine the hypothesis you are testing is: The true effect is equal the point estimate you observed. The P value for the point estimate would then be 1 (that is, under repetition, you would expect 100% of the observed results to be as, or more extreme than the point estimate - because it is the true effect). The 95% CI then spreads out to either side until it reaches the results which would have a P value of 0.05 (that is, if the true effect is your point estimate, then which result (or more extreme) would you expect to observe 5% of the time or less). These results either side of the point estimate give you your 95% CI.
Example from Rafi et al 2020, showing the P value for various results when the hypothesis is the true effect is equal to the point estimate (HR 1.61)
This technical explanation may sound confusing, and is not intuitive. To expand more on this point you can read some excellent papers:
It is perhaps not so important to get hung up on the precise technical aspects of a 95% CI, but to consider it more generally as an indication of uncertainty. It is simply the range of effects which are most compatible with the data you have observed.
For further reading, an excellent "Head to head" discussion from The BMJ can be read here:
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https://alasdairmunro.substack.com/p/95-confidently-incorrect
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