Split (1)

train · 169k rows

answer stringlengths 1 16.1k	id stringlengths 3 52	instruction stringlengths 106 72.6k	ner_tags listlengths 2 13.4k	text stringlengths 5 72.4k	tokens listlengths 2 13.4k	types listlengths 1 21
CFI is a GENERIF	1172_0	Sentence: CFI-rs7356506 polymorphisms associated with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENERIF	[ "B-GENERIF", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	CFI-rs7356506 polymorphisms associated with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome.	[ "CFI", "-", "rs7356506", "polymorphisms", "associated", "with", "Vogt", "-", "Koyanagi", "-", "Harada", "syndrome", "." ]	[ "Gene", "GENERIF" ]
CFI is a GENERIF	1172_1	Sentence: CFI-rs7356506 polymorphisms associated with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: CFI Options: GENERIF	[ "B-GENERIF", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	CFI-rs7356506 polymorphisms associated with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome.	[ "CFI", "-", "rs7356506", "polymorphisms", "associated", "with", "Vogt", "-", "Koyanagi", "-", "Harada", "syndrome", "." ]	[ "Gene", "GENERIF" ]
CFI	1172_2	Sentence: CFI-rs7356506 polymorphisms associated with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-GENERIF", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	CFI-rs7356506 polymorphisms associated with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome.	[ "CFI", "-", "rs7356506", "polymorphisms", "associated", "with", "Vogt", "-", "Koyanagi", "-", "Harada", "syndrome", "." ]	[ "Gene", "GENERIF" ]
amantadine vs . trihexyphenidyl is a Intervention_Pharmacological, memory is a Outcome_Mental, elderly is a Participant_Age	76459_0	Sentence: The effects of amantadine vs. trihexyphenidyl on memory in elderly normal volunteers . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Outcome_Mental, Participant_Age, Intervention_Pharmacological	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O" ]	The effects of amantadine vs. trihexyphenidyl on memory in elderly normal volunteers .	[ "The", "effects", "of", "amantadine", "vs", ".", "trihexyphenidyl", "on", "memory", "in", "elderly", "normal", "volunteers", "." ]	[ "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Age", "Outcome_Mental" ]
amantadine vs . trihexyphenidyl is a Intervention_Pharmacological, memory is a Outcome_Mental, elderly is a Participant_Age	76459_1	Sentence: The effects of amantadine vs. trihexyphenidyl on memory in elderly normal volunteers . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: amantadine vs . trihexyphenidyl, memory, elderly Options: Outcome_Mental, Participant_Age, Intervention_Pharmacological	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O" ]	The effects of amantadine vs. trihexyphenidyl on memory in elderly normal volunteers .	[ "The", "effects", "of", "amantadine", "vs", ".", "trihexyphenidyl", "on", "memory", "in", "elderly", "normal", "volunteers", "." ]	[ "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Age", "Outcome_Mental" ]
amantadine vs . trihexyphenidyl, memory, elderly	76459_2	Sentence: The effects of amantadine vs. trihexyphenidyl on memory in elderly normal volunteers . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O" ]	The effects of amantadine vs. trihexyphenidyl on memory in elderly normal volunteers .	[ "The", "effects", "of", "amantadine", "vs", ".", "trihexyphenidyl", "on", "memory", "in", "elderly", "normal", "volunteers", "." ]	[ "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Age", "Outcome_Mental" ]
eIF4A is a protein, eIF4 G is a protein, eIF4 G is a protein	1.0alpha7.train.311_0	Sentence: Our observation that binding of eIF4A to eIF4G is cooperative could explain these results by ensuring a higher affinity interaction between eIF4G and eIF4A. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O" ]	Our observation that binding of eIF4A to eIF4G is cooperative could explain these results by ensuring a higher affinity interaction between eIF4G and eIF4A.	[ "Our", "observation", "that", "binding", "of", " ", "eIF4A", "to", " ", "eIF4", "G", "is", "cooperative", "could", "explain", "these", "results", "by", "ensuring", "a", "higher", "affinity", "interaction", "between", " ", "eIF4", "G", "and", " ", "eIF4A." ]	[ "protein" ]
eIF4A is a protein, eIF4 G is a protein, eIF4 G is a protein	1.0alpha7.train.311_1	Sentence: Our observation that binding of eIF4A to eIF4G is cooperative could explain these results by ensuring a higher affinity interaction between eIF4G and eIF4A. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: eIF4A, eIF4 G, eIF4 G Options: protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O" ]	Our observation that binding of eIF4A to eIF4G is cooperative could explain these results by ensuring a higher affinity interaction between eIF4G and eIF4A.	[ "Our", "observation", "that", "binding", "of", " ", "eIF4A", "to", " ", "eIF4", "G", "is", "cooperative", "could", "explain", "these", "results", "by", "ensuring", "a", "higher", "affinity", "interaction", "between", " ", "eIF4", "G", "and", " ", "eIF4A." ]	[ "protein" ]
eIF4A, eIF4 G, eIF4 G	1.0alpha7.train.311_2	Sentence: Our observation that binding of eIF4A to eIF4G is cooperative could explain these results by ensuring a higher affinity interaction between eIF4G and eIF4A. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O" ]	Our observation that binding of eIF4A to eIF4G is cooperative could explain these results by ensuring a higher affinity interaction between eIF4G and eIF4A.	[ "Our", "observation", "that", "binding", "of", " ", "eIF4A", "to", " ", "eIF4", "G", "is", "cooperative", "could", "explain", "these", "results", "by", "ensuring", "a", "higher", "affinity", "interaction", "between", " ", "eIF4", "G", "and", " ", "eIF4A." ]	[ "protein" ]
Beclin‐1 is a gene	29270_0	Sentence: Quantification of autophagic vacuoles induced by ABT737. HeLa cells transfected with the indicated siRNAs (specific for Emerin or for Beclin‐1 at 0 h) were re‐transfected with LC3‐GFP finally cultured in nutrient‐free (NF) conditions (60-72 h), in the presence or absence 1 μM ABT737 and then subjected to electron microscopy detection of immature (AV1) or mature (AV2) autophagic vacuoles. Representative pictures are shown in (A). Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: gene	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O"...	Quantification of autophagic vacuoles induced by ABT737. HeLa cells transfected with the indicated siRNAs (specific for Emerin or for Beclin‐1 at 0 h) were re‐transfected with LC3‐GFP finally cultured in nutrient‐free (NF) conditions (60-72 h), in the presence or absence 1 μM ABT737 and then subjected to electron microscopy detection of immature (AV1) or mature (AV2) autophagic vacuoles. Representative pictures are shown in (A).	[ "Quantification", "of", "autophagic", "vacuoles", "induced", "by", "ABT737", ".", "HeLa", "cells", "transfected", "with", "the", "indicated", "siRNAs", "(", "specific", "for", "Emerin", "or", "for", "Beclin‐1", "at", "0", "h", ")", "were", "re‐transfected", "w...	[ "gene" ]
Beclin‐1 is a gene	29270_1	Sentence: Quantification of autophagic vacuoles induced by ABT737. HeLa cells transfected with the indicated siRNAs (specific for Emerin or for Beclin‐1 at 0 h) were re‐transfected with LC3‐GFP finally cultured in nutrient‐free (NF) conditions (60-72 h), in the presence or absence 1 μM ABT737 and then subjected to electron microscopy detection of immature (AV1) or mature (AV2) autophagic vacuoles. Representative pictures are shown in (A). Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Beclin‐1 Options: gene	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O"...	Quantification of autophagic vacuoles induced by ABT737. HeLa cells transfected with the indicated siRNAs (specific for Emerin or for Beclin‐1 at 0 h) were re‐transfected with LC3‐GFP finally cultured in nutrient‐free (NF) conditions (60-72 h), in the presence or absence 1 μM ABT737 and then subjected to electron microscopy detection of immature (AV1) or mature (AV2) autophagic vacuoles. Representative pictures are shown in (A).	[ "Quantification", "of", "autophagic", "vacuoles", "induced", "by", "ABT737", ".", "HeLa", "cells", "transfected", "with", "the", "indicated", "siRNAs", "(", "specific", "for", "Emerin", "or", "for", "Beclin‐1", "at", "0", "h", ")", "were", "re‐transfected", "w...	[ "gene" ]
Beclin‐1	29270_2	Sentence: Quantification of autophagic vacuoles induced by ABT737. HeLa cells transfected with the indicated siRNAs (specific for Emerin or for Beclin‐1 at 0 h) were re‐transfected with LC3‐GFP finally cultured in nutrient‐free (NF) conditions (60-72 h), in the presence or absence 1 μM ABT737 and then subjected to electron microscopy detection of immature (AV1) or mature (AV2) autophagic vacuoles. Representative pictures are shown in (A). Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O"...	Quantification of autophagic vacuoles induced by ABT737. HeLa cells transfected with the indicated siRNAs (specific for Emerin or for Beclin‐1 at 0 h) were re‐transfected with LC3‐GFP finally cultured in nutrient‐free (NF) conditions (60-72 h), in the presence or absence 1 μM ABT737 and then subjected to electron microscopy detection of immature (AV1) or mature (AV2) autophagic vacuoles. Representative pictures are shown in (A).	[ "Quantification", "of", "autophagic", "vacuoles", "induced", "by", "ABT737", ".", "HeLa", "cells", "transfected", "with", "the", "indicated", "siRNAs", "(", "specific", "for", "Emerin", "or", "for", "Beclin‐1", "at", "0", "h", ")", "were", "re‐transfected", "w...	[ "gene" ]
NF - kappa B is a Entity, tumor necrosis factor - alpha is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, interleukin-1 beta is a Protein, IL-1 beta is a Protein, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 is a Protein, VCAM-1 is a Protein, CD106 is a Protein, E - selectin is a Protein, ELAM-1 is a Protein, CD62E is a Protein, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 is a Protein, ICAM-1 is a Protein, CD54 is a Protein, VCAM-1 is a Protein, E - selectin is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, IL-1 beta is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, nuclear factor - kappa B is a Entity, NF - kappa B is a Entity, NF - kappa B is a Entity	419_0	Sentence: alpha-Tocopheryl succinate inhibits monocytic cell adhesion to endothelial cells by suppressing NF-kappa B mobilization. The adherence of monocytes to activated endothelium is an early event in atherogenesis. Because antioxidants have been considered to be of antiatherosclerotic potential, we investigated the effects of alpha-tocopherol (TCP) and its acetate and succinate esters on monocyte adhesion to cytokine-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Endothelial cells were treated with TCP, alpha-tocopherol acetate (TCP acetate), or alpha-tocopheryl succinate (TCP succinate) before stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha; 10 U/ml, 6 h) or interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta; 10 U/ml, 6 h). Cytokine-stimulated cell surface expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1, CD106) and E-selectin (ELAM-1, CD62E), but not of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1, CD54), was time- and dose-dependently inhibited by TCP succinate but not by TCP or TCP acetate. TCP succinate (200 microM, 24 h) reduced TNF-induced VCAM-1 and E-selectin expression from a specific mean fluorescence intensity of 151 +/- 28 to 12 +/- 4 channels and from 225 +/- 38 to 79 +/- 21 channels, respectively. Succinate alone had no effect. Decreased adhesion molecule expression was associated with a reduction of monocytic cell adhesion. TCP succinate (20 microM, 72 h), but not TCP (200 microM, 72 h), reduced U-937 cell adhesion to TNF-alpha-stimulated (10 U/ml, 6 h) HUVEC by 30% (P < 0.025) and to IL-1 beta-stimulated HUVEC by 56% (P < 0.010). Electrophoretic mobility-shift assays of HUVEC nuclear proteins revealed a decrease in TNF-alpha-stimulated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation after pretreatment of HUVEC with TCP succinate but not with TCP, TCP acetate, or succinate alone. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the vitamin E derivative TCP succinate prevents monocytic cell adhesion to cytokine-stimulated endothelial cells by inhibiting the activation of NF-kappa B, further emphasizing the antiatherosclerotic potential of lipid soluble antioxidants. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Entity, Protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "...	alpha-Tocopheryl succinate inhibits monocytic cell adhesion to endothelial cells by suppressing NF-kappa B mobilization. The adherence of monocytes to activated endothelium is an early event in atherogenesis. Because antioxidants have been considered to be of antiatherosclerotic potential, we investigated the effects of alpha-tocopherol (TCP) and its acetate and succinate esters on monocyte adhesion to cytokine-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Endothelial cells were treated with TCP, alpha-tocopherol acetate (TCP acetate), or alpha-tocopheryl succinate (TCP succinate) before stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha; 10 U/ml, 6 h) or interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta; 10 U/ml, 6 h). Cytokine-stimulated cell surface expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1, CD106) and E-selectin (ELAM-1, CD62E), but not of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1, CD54), was time- and dose-dependently inhibited by TCP succinate but not by TCP or TCP acetate. TCP succinate (200 microM, 24 h) reduced TNF-induced VCAM-1 and E-selectin expression from a specific mean fluorescence intensity of 151 +/- 28 to 12 +/- 4 channels and from 225 +/- 38 to 79 +/- 21 channels, respectively. Succinate alone had no effect. Decreased adhesion molecule expression was associated with a reduction of monocytic cell adhesion. TCP succinate (20 microM, 72 h), but not TCP (200 microM, 72 h), reduced U-937 cell adhesion to TNF-alpha-stimulated (10 U/ml, 6 h) HUVEC by 30% (P < 0.025) and to IL-1 beta-stimulated HUVEC by 56% (P < 0.010). Electrophoretic mobility-shift assays of HUVEC nuclear proteins revealed a decrease in TNF-alpha-stimulated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation after pretreatment of HUVEC with TCP succinate but not with TCP, TCP acetate, or succinate alone. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the vitamin E derivative TCP succinate prevents monocytic cell adhesion to cytokine-stimulated endothelial cells by inhibiting the activation of NF-kappa B, further emphasizing the antiatherosclerotic potential of lipid soluble antioxidants.	[ "alpha", "-", "Tocopheryl", "succinate", "inhibits", "monocytic", "cell", "adhesion", "to", "endothelial", "cells", "by", "suppressing", "NF", "-", "kappa", "B", "mobilization", ".", "\n", "The", "adherence", "of", "monocytes", "to", "activated", "endothelium", ...	[ "Protein", "Entity" ]
NF - kappa B is a Entity, tumor necrosis factor - alpha is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, interleukin-1 beta is a Protein, IL-1 beta is a Protein, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 is a Protein, VCAM-1 is a Protein, CD106 is a Protein, E - selectin is a Protein, ELAM-1 is a Protein, CD62E is a Protein, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 is a Protein, ICAM-1 is a Protein, CD54 is a Protein, VCAM-1 is a Protein, E - selectin is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, IL-1 beta is a Protein, TNF - alpha is a Protein, nuclear factor - kappa B is a Entity, NF - kappa B is a Entity, NF - kappa B is a Entity	419_1	Sentence: alpha-Tocopheryl succinate inhibits monocytic cell adhesion to endothelial cells by suppressing NF-kappa B mobilization. The adherence of monocytes to activated endothelium is an early event in atherogenesis. Because antioxidants have been considered to be of antiatherosclerotic potential, we investigated the effects of alpha-tocopherol (TCP) and its acetate and succinate esters on monocyte adhesion to cytokine-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Endothelial cells were treated with TCP, alpha-tocopherol acetate (TCP acetate), or alpha-tocopheryl succinate (TCP succinate) before stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha; 10 U/ml, 6 h) or interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta; 10 U/ml, 6 h). Cytokine-stimulated cell surface expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1, CD106) and E-selectin (ELAM-1, CD62E), but not of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1, CD54), was time- and dose-dependently inhibited by TCP succinate but not by TCP or TCP acetate. TCP succinate (200 microM, 24 h) reduced TNF-induced VCAM-1 and E-selectin expression from a specific mean fluorescence intensity of 151 +/- 28 to 12 +/- 4 channels and from 225 +/- 38 to 79 +/- 21 channels, respectively. Succinate alone had no effect. Decreased adhesion molecule expression was associated with a reduction of monocytic cell adhesion. TCP succinate (20 microM, 72 h), but not TCP (200 microM, 72 h), reduced U-937 cell adhesion to TNF-alpha-stimulated (10 U/ml, 6 h) HUVEC by 30% (P < 0.025) and to IL-1 beta-stimulated HUVEC by 56% (P < 0.010). Electrophoretic mobility-shift assays of HUVEC nuclear proteins revealed a decrease in TNF-alpha-stimulated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation after pretreatment of HUVEC with TCP succinate but not with TCP, TCP acetate, or succinate alone. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the vitamin E derivative TCP succinate prevents monocytic cell adhesion to cytokine-stimulated endothelial cells by inhibiting the activation of NF-kappa B, further emphasizing the antiatherosclerotic potential of lipid soluble antioxidants. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: NF - kappa B, tumor necrosis factor - alpha, TNF - alpha, interleukin-1 beta, IL-1 beta, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, VCAM-1, CD106, E - selectin, ELAM-1, CD62E, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, ICAM-1, CD54, VCAM-1, E - selectin, TNF - alpha, IL-1 beta, TNF - alpha, nuclear factor - kappa B, NF - kappa B, NF - kappa B Options: Entity, Protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "...	alpha-Tocopheryl succinate inhibits monocytic cell adhesion to endothelial cells by suppressing NF-kappa B mobilization. The adherence of monocytes to activated endothelium is an early event in atherogenesis. Because antioxidants have been considered to be of antiatherosclerotic potential, we investigated the effects of alpha-tocopherol (TCP) and its acetate and succinate esters on monocyte adhesion to cytokine-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Endothelial cells were treated with TCP, alpha-tocopherol acetate (TCP acetate), or alpha-tocopheryl succinate (TCP succinate) before stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha; 10 U/ml, 6 h) or interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta; 10 U/ml, 6 h). Cytokine-stimulated cell surface expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1, CD106) and E-selectin (ELAM-1, CD62E), but not of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1, CD54), was time- and dose-dependently inhibited by TCP succinate but not by TCP or TCP acetate. TCP succinate (200 microM, 24 h) reduced TNF-induced VCAM-1 and E-selectin expression from a specific mean fluorescence intensity of 151 +/- 28 to 12 +/- 4 channels and from 225 +/- 38 to 79 +/- 21 channels, respectively. Succinate alone had no effect. Decreased adhesion molecule expression was associated with a reduction of monocytic cell adhesion. TCP succinate (20 microM, 72 h), but not TCP (200 microM, 72 h), reduced U-937 cell adhesion to TNF-alpha-stimulated (10 U/ml, 6 h) HUVEC by 30% (P < 0.025) and to IL-1 beta-stimulated HUVEC by 56% (P < 0.010). Electrophoretic mobility-shift assays of HUVEC nuclear proteins revealed a decrease in TNF-alpha-stimulated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation after pretreatment of HUVEC with TCP succinate but not with TCP, TCP acetate, or succinate alone. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the vitamin E derivative TCP succinate prevents monocytic cell adhesion to cytokine-stimulated endothelial cells by inhibiting the activation of NF-kappa B, further emphasizing the antiatherosclerotic potential of lipid soluble antioxidants.	[ "alpha", "-", "Tocopheryl", "succinate", "inhibits", "monocytic", "cell", "adhesion", "to", "endothelial", "cells", "by", "suppressing", "NF", "-", "kappa", "B", "mobilization", ".", "\n", "The", "adherence", "of", "monocytes", "to", "activated", "endothelium", ...	[ "Protein", "Entity" ]
NF - kappa B, tumor necrosis factor - alpha, TNF - alpha, interleukin-1 beta, IL-1 beta, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, VCAM-1, CD106, E - selectin, ELAM-1, CD62E, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, ICAM-1, CD54, VCAM-1, E - selectin, TNF - alpha, IL-1 beta, TNF - alpha, nuclear factor - kappa B, NF - kappa B, NF - kappa B	419_2	Sentence: alpha-Tocopheryl succinate inhibits monocytic cell adhesion to endothelial cells by suppressing NF-kappa B mobilization. The adherence of monocytes to activated endothelium is an early event in atherogenesis. Because antioxidants have been considered to be of antiatherosclerotic potential, we investigated the effects of alpha-tocopherol (TCP) and its acetate and succinate esters on monocyte adhesion to cytokine-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Endothelial cells were treated with TCP, alpha-tocopherol acetate (TCP acetate), or alpha-tocopheryl succinate (TCP succinate) before stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha; 10 U/ml, 6 h) or interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta; 10 U/ml, 6 h). Cytokine-stimulated cell surface expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1, CD106) and E-selectin (ELAM-1, CD62E), but not of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1, CD54), was time- and dose-dependently inhibited by TCP succinate but not by TCP or TCP acetate. TCP succinate (200 microM, 24 h) reduced TNF-induced VCAM-1 and E-selectin expression from a specific mean fluorescence intensity of 151 +/- 28 to 12 +/- 4 channels and from 225 +/- 38 to 79 +/- 21 channels, respectively. Succinate alone had no effect. Decreased adhesion molecule expression was associated with a reduction of monocytic cell adhesion. TCP succinate (20 microM, 72 h), but not TCP (200 microM, 72 h), reduced U-937 cell adhesion to TNF-alpha-stimulated (10 U/ml, 6 h) HUVEC by 30% (P < 0.025) and to IL-1 beta-stimulated HUVEC by 56% (P < 0.010). Electrophoretic mobility-shift assays of HUVEC nuclear proteins revealed a decrease in TNF-alpha-stimulated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation after pretreatment of HUVEC with TCP succinate but not with TCP, TCP acetate, or succinate alone. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the vitamin E derivative TCP succinate prevents monocytic cell adhesion to cytokine-stimulated endothelial cells by inhibiting the activation of NF-kappa B, further emphasizing the antiatherosclerotic potential of lipid soluble antioxidants. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "...	alpha-Tocopheryl succinate inhibits monocytic cell adhesion to endothelial cells by suppressing NF-kappa B mobilization. The adherence of monocytes to activated endothelium is an early event in atherogenesis. Because antioxidants have been considered to be of antiatherosclerotic potential, we investigated the effects of alpha-tocopherol (TCP) and its acetate and succinate esters on monocyte adhesion to cytokine-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Endothelial cells were treated with TCP, alpha-tocopherol acetate (TCP acetate), or alpha-tocopheryl succinate (TCP succinate) before stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha; 10 U/ml, 6 h) or interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta; 10 U/ml, 6 h). Cytokine-stimulated cell surface expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1, CD106) and E-selectin (ELAM-1, CD62E), but not of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1, CD54), was time- and dose-dependently inhibited by TCP succinate but not by TCP or TCP acetate. TCP succinate (200 microM, 24 h) reduced TNF-induced VCAM-1 and E-selectin expression from a specific mean fluorescence intensity of 151 +/- 28 to 12 +/- 4 channels and from 225 +/- 38 to 79 +/- 21 channels, respectively. Succinate alone had no effect. Decreased adhesion molecule expression was associated with a reduction of monocytic cell adhesion. TCP succinate (20 microM, 72 h), but not TCP (200 microM, 72 h), reduced U-937 cell adhesion to TNF-alpha-stimulated (10 U/ml, 6 h) HUVEC by 30% (P < 0.025) and to IL-1 beta-stimulated HUVEC by 56% (P < 0.010). Electrophoretic mobility-shift assays of HUVEC nuclear proteins revealed a decrease in TNF-alpha-stimulated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation after pretreatment of HUVEC with TCP succinate but not with TCP, TCP acetate, or succinate alone. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the vitamin E derivative TCP succinate prevents monocytic cell adhesion to cytokine-stimulated endothelial cells by inhibiting the activation of NF-kappa B, further emphasizing the antiatherosclerotic potential of lipid soluble antioxidants.	[ "alpha", "-", "Tocopheryl", "succinate", "inhibits", "monocytic", "cell", "adhesion", "to", "endothelial", "cells", "by", "suppressing", "NF", "-", "kappa", "B", "mobilization", ".", "\n", "The", "adherence", "of", "monocytes", "to", "activated", "endothelium", ...	[ "Protein", "Entity" ]
alpha 1 adrenoceptor is a GENE-N, alpha 1 adrenoceptors is a GENE-N, alpha 1 adrenoceptor is a GENE-N, human alpha 1A , alpha 1B and alpha 1D adrenoceptors is a GENE-N, noradrenaline is a CHEMICAL, phenylephrine is a CHEMICAL, quinazoline is a CHEMICAL, prazosin is a CHEMICAL, doxazosin is a CHEMICAL, alfuzosin is a CHEMICAL, human alpha 1 adrenoceptors is a GENE-N, Indoramin is a CHEMICAL, SNAP 1069 is a CHEMICAL, alpha 1A and alpha 1B adrenoceptors is a GENE-N, alpha 1D subtype is a GENE-Y, Rec 15/2739 is a CHEMICAL, WB 4101 is a CHEMICAL, SL 89,0591 is a CHEMICAL, ( + ) - and ( -)- tamsulosin is a CHEMICAL, alpha 1A and alpha 1D adrenoceptors is a GENE-N, alpha 1B subtype is a GENE-Y, RS 17053 is a CHEMICAL, alpha 1A adrenoceptors is a GENE-Y, alpha 1B is a GENE-Y, alpha 1D is a GENE-Y, ( + ) -Tamsulosin is a CHEMICAL, ( -)-tamsulosin is a CHEMICAL, SL 89,0591 is a CHEMICAL, Rec 15/2739 is a CHEMICAL, SNAP 1069 is a CHEMICAL, RS 17053 is a CHEMICAL, noradrenaline is a CHEMICAL, human alpha 1D adrenoceptors is a GENE-Y, prazosin is a CHEMICAL, ( -)-tamsulosin is a CHEMICAL, doxazosin is a CHEMICAL, SL 89,0591 is a CHEMICAL, ( + ) -tamsulosin is a CHEMICAL, Rec 15/2739 is a CHEMICAL, RS 17053 is a CHEMICAL, SNAP 1069 is a CHEMICAL, ( -)-Tamsulosin is a CHEMICAL, noradrenaline is a CHEMICAL, alpha 1A is a GENE-Y, prazosin is a CHEMICAL, alpha 1A adrenoceptors is a GENE-Y, RS 17053 is a CHEMICAL, human alpha 1A adrenoceptors is a GENE-Y, doxazosin is a CHEMICAL, ( + ) - and ( -)-tamsulosin is a CHEMICAL, phenylephrine is a CHEMICAL, Rec 15/2739 is a CHEMICAL, phenylephrine is a CHEMICAL, alpha 1 adrenoceptor is a GENE-N, noradrenaline is a CHEMICAL, alpha 1A adrenoceptor is a GENE-Y, alpha 1A , alpha 1B or alpha 1D adrenoceptors is a GENE-N, alpha 1 adrenoceptors is a GENE-N, alpha 1D subtype is a GENE-Y, phenylephrine is a CHEMICAL	15286_0	Sentence: Evaluation of the pharmacological selectivity profile of alpha 1 adrenoceptor antagonists at prostatic alpha 1 adrenoceptors: binding, functional and in vivo studies. 1. The profile of a range of alpha 1 adrenoceptor antagonists was determined in vitro against cloned human alpha 1A, alpha 1B and alpha 1D adrenoceptors and against noradrenaline-mediated contractions of rat aorta and human prostate. The in vivo profile of compounds was determined in an anaesthetized dog model which allowed the simultaneous assessment of antagonist potency against phenylephrine-mediated increases in blood pressure and prostatic pressure. 2. The quinazoline antagonists, prazosin, doxazosin and alfuzosin displayed high affinity but were non selective for the three cloned human alpha 1 adrenoceptors. Indoramin and SNAP 1069 showed selectivity for alpha 1A and alpha 1B adrenoceptors relative to the alpha 1D subtype. Rec 15/2739, WB 4101, SL 89,0591, (+)- and (-)- tamsulosin showed selectivity for alpha 1A and alpha 1D adrenoceptors relative to the alpha 1B subtype. RS 17053 showed high affinity and selectivity for alpha 1A adrenoceptors (pKi 8.6) relative to alpha 1B (pKi = 7.3) and alpha 1D (pKi = 7.1) subtypes. 3. (+)-Tamsulosin, (-)-tamsulosin, SL 89,0591, Rec 15/2739, SNAP 1069 and RS 17053 appeared to act as competitive antagonists of noradrenaline-mediated contractions of rat aorta yielding pA2 affinity estimates which were similar to binding affinities at cloned human alpha 1D adrenoceptors. The following rank order was obtained: prazosin = (-)-tamsulosin > doxazosin > SL 89,0591 = (+)-tamsulosin > Rec 15/2739 > RS 17053 = SNAP 1069. 4. (-)-Tamsulosin was a very potent, insurmountable antagonist of noradrenaline-mediated contractions of human prostate, yielding an approximate pA2 estimate of 9.8 at 1 nM. The corresponding (+)-enantiomer was 30 fold weaker. SL 89,0591, SNAP 1069 and Rec 15/2739 yielded pA2 estimates which compared well with their alpha 1A binding affinities. The affinity estimate for prazosin on human prostate was lower than the corresponding binding affinity determined at alpha 1A adrenoceptors and RS 17053 was a very weak antagonist on human prostate (pA2 = 6.0) relative to the high affinity (pKi = 8.6) determined at cloned human alpha 1A adrenoceptors. 5. In the anaesthetized dog, in vivo pseudo "pA2' values showed that doxazosin, (+)- and (-)-tamsulosin inhibited phenylephrine-induced increases in prostatic and blood pressure with similar affinity, implying that these agents show little or no selectivity for prostatic responses in this model. SL 89,0591 and SNAP 1069 were moderately selective (3 and 6 fold respectively) for prostatic pressure relative to blood pressure. Rec 15/2739 was a more potent antagonist of phenylephrine-mediated increases in prostatic pressure ("pA2' = 8.74) compared to blood pressure ("pA2' = 7.51). 6. Data in this study suggest that the alpha 1 adrenoceptor mediating noradrenaline-induced contractions of human prostate, whilst having some of the characteristics of an alpha 1A adrenoceptor, cannot be satisfactorily aligned with cloned alpha 1A, alpha 1B or alpha 1D adrenoceptors. In addition, studies in the anaesthetized dog have shown that agents having high affinity and selectivity for prostatic alpha 1 adrenoceptors, particularly over the alpha 1D subtype, appear to inhibit phenylephrine-induced increases in prostatic pressure selectively compared to blood pressure. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-N, CHEMICAL, GENE-Y	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-...	Evaluation of the pharmacological selectivity profile of alpha 1 adrenoceptor antagonists at prostatic alpha 1 adrenoceptors: binding, functional and in vivo studies. 1. The profile of a range of alpha 1 adrenoceptor antagonists was determined in vitro against cloned human alpha 1A, alpha 1B and alpha 1D adrenoceptors and against noradrenaline-mediated contractions of rat aorta and human prostate. The in vivo profile of compounds was determined in an anaesthetized dog model which allowed the simultaneous assessment of antagonist potency against phenylephrine-mediated increases in blood pressure and prostatic pressure. 2. The quinazoline antagonists, prazosin, doxazosin and alfuzosin displayed high affinity but were non selective for the three cloned human alpha 1 adrenoceptors. Indoramin and SNAP 1069 showed selectivity for alpha 1A and alpha 1B adrenoceptors relative to the alpha 1D subtype. Rec 15/2739, WB 4101, SL 89,0591, (+)- and (-)- tamsulosin showed selectivity for alpha 1A and alpha 1D adrenoceptors relative to the alpha 1B subtype. RS 17053 showed high affinity and selectivity for alpha 1A adrenoceptors (pKi 8.6) relative to alpha 1B (pKi = 7.3) and alpha 1D (pKi = 7.1) subtypes. 3. (+)-Tamsulosin, (-)-tamsulosin, SL 89,0591, Rec 15/2739, SNAP 1069 and RS 17053 appeared to act as competitive antagonists of noradrenaline-mediated contractions of rat aorta yielding pA2 affinity estimates which were similar to binding affinities at cloned human alpha 1D adrenoceptors. The following rank order was obtained: prazosin = (-)-tamsulosin > doxazosin > SL 89,0591 = (+)-tamsulosin > Rec 15/2739 > RS 17053 = SNAP 1069. 4. (-)-Tamsulosin was a very potent, insurmountable antagonist of noradrenaline-mediated contractions of human prostate, yielding an approximate pA2 estimate of 9.8 at 1 nM. The corresponding (+)-enantiomer was 30 fold weaker. SL 89,0591, SNAP 1069 and Rec 15/2739 yielded pA2 estimates which compared well with their alpha 1A binding affinities. The affinity estimate for prazosin on human prostate was lower than the corresponding binding affinity determined at alpha 1A adrenoceptors and RS 17053 was a very weak antagonist on human prostate (pA2 = 6.0) relative to the high affinity (pKi = 8.6) determined at cloned human alpha 1A adrenoceptors. 5. In the anaesthetized dog, in vivo pseudo "pA2' values showed that doxazosin, (+)- and (-)-tamsulosin inhibited phenylephrine-induced increases in prostatic and blood pressure with similar affinity, implying that these agents show little or no selectivity for prostatic responses in this model. SL 89,0591 and SNAP 1069 were moderately selective (3 and 6 fold respectively) for prostatic pressure relative to blood pressure. Rec 15/2739 was a more potent antagonist of phenylephrine-mediated increases in prostatic pressure ("pA2' = 8.74) compared to blood pressure ("pA2' = 7.51). 6. Data in this study suggest that the alpha 1 adrenoceptor mediating noradrenaline-induced contractions of human prostate, whilst having some of the characteristics of an alpha 1A adrenoceptor, cannot be satisfactorily aligned with cloned alpha 1A, alpha 1B or alpha 1D adrenoceptors. In addition, studies in the anaesthetized dog have shown that agents having high affinity and selectivity for prostatic alpha 1 adrenoceptors, particularly over the alpha 1D subtype, appear to inhibit phenylephrine-induced increases in prostatic pressure selectively compared to blood pressure.	[ "Evaluation", "of", "the", "pharmacological", "selectivity", "profile", "of", "alpha", "1", "adrenoceptor", "antagonists", "at", "prostatic", "alpha", "1", "adrenoceptors", ":", "binding", ",", "functional", "and", "in", "vivo", "studies", ".", "\n", "1", ".", ...	[ "GENE-N", "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL" ]
alpha 1 adrenoceptor is a GENE-N, alpha 1 adrenoceptors is a GENE-N, alpha 1 adrenoceptor is a GENE-N, human alpha 1A , alpha 1B and alpha 1D adrenoceptors is a GENE-N, noradrenaline is a CHEMICAL, phenylephrine is a CHEMICAL, quinazoline is a CHEMICAL, prazosin is a CHEMICAL, doxazosin is a CHEMICAL, alfuzosin is a CHEMICAL, human alpha 1 adrenoceptors is a GENE-N, Indoramin is a CHEMICAL, SNAP 1069 is a CHEMICAL, alpha 1A and alpha 1B adrenoceptors is a GENE-N, alpha 1D subtype is a GENE-Y, Rec 15/2739 is a CHEMICAL, WB 4101 is a CHEMICAL, SL 89,0591 is a CHEMICAL, ( + ) - and ( -)- tamsulosin is a CHEMICAL, alpha 1A and alpha 1D adrenoceptors is a GENE-N, alpha 1B subtype is a GENE-Y, RS 17053 is a CHEMICAL, alpha 1A adrenoceptors is a GENE-Y, alpha 1B is a GENE-Y, alpha 1D is a GENE-Y, ( + ) -Tamsulosin is a CHEMICAL, ( -)-tamsulosin is a CHEMICAL, SL 89,0591 is a CHEMICAL, Rec 15/2739 is a CHEMICAL, SNAP 1069 is a CHEMICAL, RS 17053 is a CHEMICAL, noradrenaline is a CHEMICAL, human alpha 1D adrenoceptors is a GENE-Y, prazosin is a CHEMICAL, ( -)-tamsulosin is a CHEMICAL, doxazosin is a CHEMICAL, SL 89,0591 is a CHEMICAL, ( + ) -tamsulosin is a CHEMICAL, Rec 15/2739 is a CHEMICAL, RS 17053 is a CHEMICAL, SNAP 1069 is a CHEMICAL, ( -)-Tamsulosin is a CHEMICAL, noradrenaline is a CHEMICAL, alpha 1A is a GENE-Y, prazosin is a CHEMICAL, alpha 1A adrenoceptors is a GENE-Y, RS 17053 is a CHEMICAL, human alpha 1A adrenoceptors is a GENE-Y, doxazosin is a CHEMICAL, ( + ) - and ( -)-tamsulosin is a CHEMICAL, phenylephrine is a CHEMICAL, Rec 15/2739 is a CHEMICAL, phenylephrine is a CHEMICAL, alpha 1 adrenoceptor is a GENE-N, noradrenaline is a CHEMICAL, alpha 1A adrenoceptor is a GENE-Y, alpha 1A , alpha 1B or alpha 1D adrenoceptors is a GENE-N, alpha 1 adrenoceptors is a GENE-N, alpha 1D subtype is a GENE-Y, phenylephrine is a CHEMICAL	15286_1	Sentence: Evaluation of the pharmacological selectivity profile of alpha 1 adrenoceptor antagonists at prostatic alpha 1 adrenoceptors: binding, functional and in vivo studies. 1. The profile of a range of alpha 1 adrenoceptor antagonists was determined in vitro against cloned human alpha 1A, alpha 1B and alpha 1D adrenoceptors and against noradrenaline-mediated contractions of rat aorta and human prostate. The in vivo profile of compounds was determined in an anaesthetized dog model which allowed the simultaneous assessment of antagonist potency against phenylephrine-mediated increases in blood pressure and prostatic pressure. 2. The quinazoline antagonists, prazosin, doxazosin and alfuzosin displayed high affinity but were non selective for the three cloned human alpha 1 adrenoceptors. Indoramin and SNAP 1069 showed selectivity for alpha 1A and alpha 1B adrenoceptors relative to the alpha 1D subtype. Rec 15/2739, WB 4101, SL 89,0591, (+)- and (-)- tamsulosin showed selectivity for alpha 1A and alpha 1D adrenoceptors relative to the alpha 1B subtype. RS 17053 showed high affinity and selectivity for alpha 1A adrenoceptors (pKi 8.6) relative to alpha 1B (pKi = 7.3) and alpha 1D (pKi = 7.1) subtypes. 3. (+)-Tamsulosin, (-)-tamsulosin, SL 89,0591, Rec 15/2739, SNAP 1069 and RS 17053 appeared to act as competitive antagonists of noradrenaline-mediated contractions of rat aorta yielding pA2 affinity estimates which were similar to binding affinities at cloned human alpha 1D adrenoceptors. The following rank order was obtained: prazosin = (-)-tamsulosin > doxazosin > SL 89,0591 = (+)-tamsulosin > Rec 15/2739 > RS 17053 = SNAP 1069. 4. (-)-Tamsulosin was a very potent, insurmountable antagonist of noradrenaline-mediated contractions of human prostate, yielding an approximate pA2 estimate of 9.8 at 1 nM. The corresponding (+)-enantiomer was 30 fold weaker. SL 89,0591, SNAP 1069 and Rec 15/2739 yielded pA2 estimates which compared well with their alpha 1A binding affinities. The affinity estimate for prazosin on human prostate was lower than the corresponding binding affinity determined at alpha 1A adrenoceptors and RS 17053 was a very weak antagonist on human prostate (pA2 = 6.0) relative to the high affinity (pKi = 8.6) determined at cloned human alpha 1A adrenoceptors. 5. In the anaesthetized dog, in vivo pseudo "pA2' values showed that doxazosin, (+)- and (-)-tamsulosin inhibited phenylephrine-induced increases in prostatic and blood pressure with similar affinity, implying that these agents show little or no selectivity for prostatic responses in this model. SL 89,0591 and SNAP 1069 were moderately selective (3 and 6 fold respectively) for prostatic pressure relative to blood pressure. Rec 15/2739 was a more potent antagonist of phenylephrine-mediated increases in prostatic pressure ("pA2' = 8.74) compared to blood pressure ("pA2' = 7.51). 6. Data in this study suggest that the alpha 1 adrenoceptor mediating noradrenaline-induced contractions of human prostate, whilst having some of the characteristics of an alpha 1A adrenoceptor, cannot be satisfactorily aligned with cloned alpha 1A, alpha 1B or alpha 1D adrenoceptors. In addition, studies in the anaesthetized dog have shown that agents having high affinity and selectivity for prostatic alpha 1 adrenoceptors, particularly over the alpha 1D subtype, appear to inhibit phenylephrine-induced increases in prostatic pressure selectively compared to blood pressure. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: alpha 1 adrenoceptor, alpha 1 adrenoceptors, alpha 1 adrenoceptor, human alpha 1A , alpha 1B and alpha 1D adrenoceptors, noradrenaline, phenylephrine, quinazoline, prazosin, doxazosin, alfuzosin, human alpha 1 adrenoceptors, Indoramin, SNAP 1069, alpha 1A and alpha 1B adrenoceptors, alpha 1D subtype, Rec 15/2739, WB 4101, SL 89,0591, ( + ) - and ( -)- tamsulosin, alpha 1A and alpha 1D adrenoceptors, alpha 1B subtype, RS 17053, alpha 1A adrenoceptors, alpha 1B, alpha 1D, ( + ) -Tamsulosin, ( -)-tamsulosin, SL 89,0591, Rec 15/2739, SNAP 1069, RS 17053, noradrenaline, human alpha 1D adrenoceptors, prazosin, ( -)-tamsulosin, doxazosin, SL 89,0591, ( + ) -tamsulosin, Rec 15/2739, RS 17053, SNAP 1069, ( -)-Tamsulosin, noradrenaline, alpha 1A, prazosin, alpha 1A adrenoceptors, RS 17053, human alpha 1A adrenoceptors, doxazosin, ( + ) - and ( -)-tamsulosin, phenylephrine, Rec 15/2739, phenylephrine, alpha 1 adrenoceptor, noradrenaline, alpha 1A adrenoceptor, alpha 1A , alpha 1B or alpha 1D adrenoceptors, alpha 1 adrenoceptors, alpha 1D subtype, phenylephrine Options: GENE-N, CHEMICAL, GENE-Y	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-...	Evaluation of the pharmacological selectivity profile of alpha 1 adrenoceptor antagonists at prostatic alpha 1 adrenoceptors: binding, functional and in vivo studies. 1. The profile of a range of alpha 1 adrenoceptor antagonists was determined in vitro against cloned human alpha 1A, alpha 1B and alpha 1D adrenoceptors and against noradrenaline-mediated contractions of rat aorta and human prostate. The in vivo profile of compounds was determined in an anaesthetized dog model which allowed the simultaneous assessment of antagonist potency against phenylephrine-mediated increases in blood pressure and prostatic pressure. 2. The quinazoline antagonists, prazosin, doxazosin and alfuzosin displayed high affinity but were non selective for the three cloned human alpha 1 adrenoceptors. Indoramin and SNAP 1069 showed selectivity for alpha 1A and alpha 1B adrenoceptors relative to the alpha 1D subtype. Rec 15/2739, WB 4101, SL 89,0591, (+)- and (-)- tamsulosin showed selectivity for alpha 1A and alpha 1D adrenoceptors relative to the alpha 1B subtype. RS 17053 showed high affinity and selectivity for alpha 1A adrenoceptors (pKi 8.6) relative to alpha 1B (pKi = 7.3) and alpha 1D (pKi = 7.1) subtypes. 3. (+)-Tamsulosin, (-)-tamsulosin, SL 89,0591, Rec 15/2739, SNAP 1069 and RS 17053 appeared to act as competitive antagonists of noradrenaline-mediated contractions of rat aorta yielding pA2 affinity estimates which were similar to binding affinities at cloned human alpha 1D adrenoceptors. The following rank order was obtained: prazosin = (-)-tamsulosin > doxazosin > SL 89,0591 = (+)-tamsulosin > Rec 15/2739 > RS 17053 = SNAP 1069. 4. (-)-Tamsulosin was a very potent, insurmountable antagonist of noradrenaline-mediated contractions of human prostate, yielding an approximate pA2 estimate of 9.8 at 1 nM. The corresponding (+)-enantiomer was 30 fold weaker. SL 89,0591, SNAP 1069 and Rec 15/2739 yielded pA2 estimates which compared well with their alpha 1A binding affinities. The affinity estimate for prazosin on human prostate was lower than the corresponding binding affinity determined at alpha 1A adrenoceptors and RS 17053 was a very weak antagonist on human prostate (pA2 = 6.0) relative to the high affinity (pKi = 8.6) determined at cloned human alpha 1A adrenoceptors. 5. In the anaesthetized dog, in vivo pseudo "pA2' values showed that doxazosin, (+)- and (-)-tamsulosin inhibited phenylephrine-induced increases in prostatic and blood pressure with similar affinity, implying that these agents show little or no selectivity for prostatic responses in this model. SL 89,0591 and SNAP 1069 were moderately selective (3 and 6 fold respectively) for prostatic pressure relative to blood pressure. Rec 15/2739 was a more potent antagonist of phenylephrine-mediated increases in prostatic pressure ("pA2' = 8.74) compared to blood pressure ("pA2' = 7.51). 6. Data in this study suggest that the alpha 1 adrenoceptor mediating noradrenaline-induced contractions of human prostate, whilst having some of the characteristics of an alpha 1A adrenoceptor, cannot be satisfactorily aligned with cloned alpha 1A, alpha 1B or alpha 1D adrenoceptors. In addition, studies in the anaesthetized dog have shown that agents having high affinity and selectivity for prostatic alpha 1 adrenoceptors, particularly over the alpha 1D subtype, appear to inhibit phenylephrine-induced increases in prostatic pressure selectively compared to blood pressure.	[ "Evaluation", "of", "the", "pharmacological", "selectivity", "profile", "of", "alpha", "1", "adrenoceptor", "antagonists", "at", "prostatic", "alpha", "1", "adrenoceptors", ":", "binding", ",", "functional", "and", "in", "vivo", "studies", ".", "\n", "1", ".", ...	[ "GENE-N", "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL" ]
alpha 1 adrenoceptor, alpha 1 adrenoceptors, alpha 1 adrenoceptor, human alpha 1A , alpha 1B and alpha 1D adrenoceptors, noradrenaline, phenylephrine, quinazoline, prazosin, doxazosin, alfuzosin, human alpha 1 adrenoceptors, Indoramin, SNAP 1069, alpha 1A and alpha 1B adrenoceptors, alpha 1D subtype, Rec 15/2739, WB 4101, SL 89,0591, ( + ) - and ( -)- tamsulosin, alpha 1A and alpha 1D adrenoceptors, alpha 1B subtype, RS 17053, alpha 1A adrenoceptors, alpha 1B, alpha 1D, ( + ) -Tamsulosin, ( -)-tamsulosin, SL 89,0591, Rec 15/2739, SNAP 1069, RS 17053, noradrenaline, human alpha 1D adrenoceptors, prazosin, ( -)-tamsulosin, doxazosin, SL 89,0591, ( + ) -tamsulosin, Rec 15/2739, RS 17053, SNAP 1069, ( -)-Tamsulosin, noradrenaline, alpha 1A, prazosin, alpha 1A adrenoceptors, RS 17053, human alpha 1A adrenoceptors, doxazosin, ( + ) - and ( -)-tamsulosin, phenylephrine, Rec 15/2739, phenylephrine, alpha 1 adrenoceptor, noradrenaline, alpha 1A adrenoceptor, alpha 1A , alpha 1B or alpha 1D adrenoceptors, alpha 1 adrenoceptors, alpha 1D subtype, phenylephrine	15286_2	Sentence: Evaluation of the pharmacological selectivity profile of alpha 1 adrenoceptor antagonists at prostatic alpha 1 adrenoceptors: binding, functional and in vivo studies. 1. The profile of a range of alpha 1 adrenoceptor antagonists was determined in vitro against cloned human alpha 1A, alpha 1B and alpha 1D adrenoceptors and against noradrenaline-mediated contractions of rat aorta and human prostate. The in vivo profile of compounds was determined in an anaesthetized dog model which allowed the simultaneous assessment of antagonist potency against phenylephrine-mediated increases in blood pressure and prostatic pressure. 2. The quinazoline antagonists, prazosin, doxazosin and alfuzosin displayed high affinity but were non selective for the three cloned human alpha 1 adrenoceptors. Indoramin and SNAP 1069 showed selectivity for alpha 1A and alpha 1B adrenoceptors relative to the alpha 1D subtype. Rec 15/2739, WB 4101, SL 89,0591, (+)- and (-)- tamsulosin showed selectivity for alpha 1A and alpha 1D adrenoceptors relative to the alpha 1B subtype. RS 17053 showed high affinity and selectivity for alpha 1A adrenoceptors (pKi 8.6) relative to alpha 1B (pKi = 7.3) and alpha 1D (pKi = 7.1) subtypes. 3. (+)-Tamsulosin, (-)-tamsulosin, SL 89,0591, Rec 15/2739, SNAP 1069 and RS 17053 appeared to act as competitive antagonists of noradrenaline-mediated contractions of rat aorta yielding pA2 affinity estimates which were similar to binding affinities at cloned human alpha 1D adrenoceptors. The following rank order was obtained: prazosin = (-)-tamsulosin > doxazosin > SL 89,0591 = (+)-tamsulosin > Rec 15/2739 > RS 17053 = SNAP 1069. 4. (-)-Tamsulosin was a very potent, insurmountable antagonist of noradrenaline-mediated contractions of human prostate, yielding an approximate pA2 estimate of 9.8 at 1 nM. The corresponding (+)-enantiomer was 30 fold weaker. SL 89,0591, SNAP 1069 and Rec 15/2739 yielded pA2 estimates which compared well with their alpha 1A binding affinities. The affinity estimate for prazosin on human prostate was lower than the corresponding binding affinity determined at alpha 1A adrenoceptors and RS 17053 was a very weak antagonist on human prostate (pA2 = 6.0) relative to the high affinity (pKi = 8.6) determined at cloned human alpha 1A adrenoceptors. 5. In the anaesthetized dog, in vivo pseudo "pA2' values showed that doxazosin, (+)- and (-)-tamsulosin inhibited phenylephrine-induced increases in prostatic and blood pressure with similar affinity, implying that these agents show little or no selectivity for prostatic responses in this model. SL 89,0591 and SNAP 1069 were moderately selective (3 and 6 fold respectively) for prostatic pressure relative to blood pressure. Rec 15/2739 was a more potent antagonist of phenylephrine-mediated increases in prostatic pressure ("pA2' = 8.74) compared to blood pressure ("pA2' = 7.51). 6. Data in this study suggest that the alpha 1 adrenoceptor mediating noradrenaline-induced contractions of human prostate, whilst having some of the characteristics of an alpha 1A adrenoceptor, cannot be satisfactorily aligned with cloned alpha 1A, alpha 1B or alpha 1D adrenoceptors. In addition, studies in the anaesthetized dog have shown that agents having high affinity and selectivity for prostatic alpha 1 adrenoceptors, particularly over the alpha 1D subtype, appear to inhibit phenylephrine-induced increases in prostatic pressure selectively compared to blood pressure. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-...	Evaluation of the pharmacological selectivity profile of alpha 1 adrenoceptor antagonists at prostatic alpha 1 adrenoceptors: binding, functional and in vivo studies. 1. The profile of a range of alpha 1 adrenoceptor antagonists was determined in vitro against cloned human alpha 1A, alpha 1B and alpha 1D adrenoceptors and against noradrenaline-mediated contractions of rat aorta and human prostate. The in vivo profile of compounds was determined in an anaesthetized dog model which allowed the simultaneous assessment of antagonist potency against phenylephrine-mediated increases in blood pressure and prostatic pressure. 2. The quinazoline antagonists, prazosin, doxazosin and alfuzosin displayed high affinity but were non selective for the three cloned human alpha 1 adrenoceptors. Indoramin and SNAP 1069 showed selectivity for alpha 1A and alpha 1B adrenoceptors relative to the alpha 1D subtype. Rec 15/2739, WB 4101, SL 89,0591, (+)- and (-)- tamsulosin showed selectivity for alpha 1A and alpha 1D adrenoceptors relative to the alpha 1B subtype. RS 17053 showed high affinity and selectivity for alpha 1A adrenoceptors (pKi 8.6) relative to alpha 1B (pKi = 7.3) and alpha 1D (pKi = 7.1) subtypes. 3. (+)-Tamsulosin, (-)-tamsulosin, SL 89,0591, Rec 15/2739, SNAP 1069 and RS 17053 appeared to act as competitive antagonists of noradrenaline-mediated contractions of rat aorta yielding pA2 affinity estimates which were similar to binding affinities at cloned human alpha 1D adrenoceptors. The following rank order was obtained: prazosin = (-)-tamsulosin > doxazosin > SL 89,0591 = (+)-tamsulosin > Rec 15/2739 > RS 17053 = SNAP 1069. 4. (-)-Tamsulosin was a very potent, insurmountable antagonist of noradrenaline-mediated contractions of human prostate, yielding an approximate pA2 estimate of 9.8 at 1 nM. The corresponding (+)-enantiomer was 30 fold weaker. SL 89,0591, SNAP 1069 and Rec 15/2739 yielded pA2 estimates which compared well with their alpha 1A binding affinities. The affinity estimate for prazosin on human prostate was lower than the corresponding binding affinity determined at alpha 1A adrenoceptors and RS 17053 was a very weak antagonist on human prostate (pA2 = 6.0) relative to the high affinity (pKi = 8.6) determined at cloned human alpha 1A adrenoceptors. 5. In the anaesthetized dog, in vivo pseudo "pA2' values showed that doxazosin, (+)- and (-)-tamsulosin inhibited phenylephrine-induced increases in prostatic and blood pressure with similar affinity, implying that these agents show little or no selectivity for prostatic responses in this model. SL 89,0591 and SNAP 1069 were moderately selective (3 and 6 fold respectively) for prostatic pressure relative to blood pressure. Rec 15/2739 was a more potent antagonist of phenylephrine-mediated increases in prostatic pressure ("pA2' = 8.74) compared to blood pressure ("pA2' = 7.51). 6. Data in this study suggest that the alpha 1 adrenoceptor mediating noradrenaline-induced contractions of human prostate, whilst having some of the characteristics of an alpha 1A adrenoceptor, cannot be satisfactorily aligned with cloned alpha 1A, alpha 1B or alpha 1D adrenoceptors. In addition, studies in the anaesthetized dog have shown that agents having high affinity and selectivity for prostatic alpha 1 adrenoceptors, particularly over the alpha 1D subtype, appear to inhibit phenylephrine-induced increases in prostatic pressure selectively compared to blood pressure.	[ "Evaluation", "of", "the", "pharmacological", "selectivity", "profile", "of", "alpha", "1", "adrenoceptor", "antagonists", "at", "prostatic", "alpha", "1", "adrenoceptors", ":", "binding", ",", "functional", "and", "in", "vivo", "studies", ".", "\n", "1", ".", ...	[ "GENE-N", "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL" ]
Patienten is an umlsterm, Intubation is an umlsterm, Normalpatienten is an umlsterm, Kehlkopfmaske is an umlsterm, Kehlkopfmaske is an umlsterm, Intubation is an umlsterm, Kehlkopfmaske is an umlsterm, blind is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Gesichtskarzinom is an umlsterm, Kehlkopfs is an umlsterm, Kehlkopfmaske is an umlsterm, Mundoeffnung is an umlsterm, Tumorpatienten is an umlsterm, Kehlkopfmaske is an umlsterm, Leckdruck is an umlsterm, Normalpatienten is an umlsterm, Intubation is an umlsterm, Kehlkopfmaske is an umlsterm, blinde is an umlsterm, endotracheale Intubation is an umlsterm, Kehlkopfmaske is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Intubation is an umlsterm, Normalpatienten is an umlsterm, Kehlkopf is an umlsterm, Kehlkopfmaske is an umlsterm, Kehlkopfmaske is an umlsterm, Atmung is an umlsterm, Tumorpatienten is an umlsterm, Intubation is an umlsterm, blinde is an umlsterm, Intubation is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Kehlkopfmaske is an umlsterm, Anaesthesierepertoire is an umlsterm, Intubation is an umlsterm	DerAnaesthesist.50440712.ger.abstr_0	Sentence: Bei 30 Patienten mit schwieriger Intubation ( 35 Operationen ) und 50 Normalpatienten wurde prospektiv die Kehlkopfmaske eingesetzt mit den Fragestellungen : 1 ) verbessert die Kehlkopfmaske die Beatmung gegenueber der Gesichtsmaske , 2 ) erleichtert sie die fiberoptische Intubation , und 3 ) wie haeufig kann durch die Kehlkopfmaske blind intubiert werden ? 23 Patienten waren wegen Gesichtskarzinom radikal voroperiert , 7 konventionell nicht intubierbar ( Tabelle 1 ; bei allen : Sichtbarkeit des Kehlkopfs Grad 3 oder 4 [ 14 ] ) . Die Kehlkopfmaske liess sich bei allen ausser 1 Patientin mit einer Mundoeffnung von 1 cm einlegen . Bei Tumorpatienten war die Beatmung ueber die Kehlkopfmaske besser als mit Gesichtsmaske , zusaetzlich war der Leckdruck hoeher als bei Normalpatienten ( 25,2 +/- 7,9 vs. 20,6 +/- 4,9 cmH2O, p 0,05 ; Abb. 2 ) . Die fiberoptische Intubation gelang immer und war durch die Kehlkopfmaske leichter als ohne . Die blinde endotracheale Intubation durch die Kehlkopfmaske gelang nur in 22% bei Patienten mit schwieriger Intubation , und in 19% bei Normalpatienten . Der Wechsel auf jeden beliebigen Tubus ohne Sicht auf den Kehlkopf nach Plazierung eines 6,0 mm ungecufften Tubus durch die Kehlkopfmaske wird beschrieben ( Abb. 4 ) . Zusammenfassend sichert die Kehlkopfmaske die Atmung bei Tumorpatienten besser als die Gesichtsmaske , erleichert die fiberoptische Intubation und ermoeglicht die blinde Intubation bei einem Teil der Patienten . Die Kehlkopfmaske erweitert das Anaesthesierepertoire bei schwieriger Intubation Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", ...	Bei 30 Patienten mit schwieriger Intubation ( 35 Operationen ) und 50 Normalpatienten wurde prospektiv die Kehlkopfmaske eingesetzt mit den Fragestellungen : 1 ) verbessert die Kehlkopfmaske die Beatmung gegenueber der Gesichtsmaske , 2 ) erleichtert sie die fiberoptische Intubation , und 3 ) wie haeufig kann durch die Kehlkopfmaske blind intubiert werden ? 23 Patienten waren wegen Gesichtskarzinom radikal voroperiert , 7 konventionell nicht intubierbar ( Tabelle 1 ; bei allen : Sichtbarkeit des Kehlkopfs Grad 3 oder 4 [ 14 ] ) . Die Kehlkopfmaske liess sich bei allen ausser 1 Patientin mit einer Mundoeffnung von 1 cm einlegen . Bei Tumorpatienten war die Beatmung ueber die Kehlkopfmaske besser als mit Gesichtsmaske , zusaetzlich war der Leckdruck hoeher als bei Normalpatienten ( 25,2 +/- 7,9 vs. 20,6 +/- 4,9 cmH2O, p 0,05 ; Abb. 2 ) . Die fiberoptische Intubation gelang immer und war durch die Kehlkopfmaske leichter als ohne . Die blinde endotracheale Intubation durch die Kehlkopfmaske gelang nur in 22% bei Patienten mit schwieriger Intubation , und in 19% bei Normalpatienten . Der Wechsel auf jeden beliebigen Tubus ohne Sicht auf den Kehlkopf nach Plazierung eines 6,0 mm ungecufften Tubus durch die Kehlkopfmaske wird beschrieben ( Abb. 4 ) . Zusammenfassend sichert die Kehlkopfmaske die Atmung bei Tumorpatienten besser als die Gesichtsmaske , erleichert die fiberoptische Intubation und ermoeglicht die blinde Intubation bei einem Teil der Patienten . Die Kehlkopfmaske erweitert das Anaesthesierepertoire bei schwieriger Intubation	[ "Bei", "30", "Patienten", "mit", "schwieriger", "Intubation", "(", "35", "Operationen", ")", "und", "50", "Normalpatienten", "wurde", "prospektiv", "die", "Kehlkopfmaske", "eingesetzt", "mit", "den", "Fragestellungen", ":", "1", ")", "verbessert", "die", "Kehlkopf...	[ "umlsterm" ]
Patienten is an umlsterm, Intubation is an umlsterm, Normalpatienten is an umlsterm, Kehlkopfmaske is an umlsterm, Kehlkopfmaske is an umlsterm, Intubation is an umlsterm, Kehlkopfmaske is an umlsterm, blind is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Gesichtskarzinom is an umlsterm, Kehlkopfs is an umlsterm, Kehlkopfmaske is an umlsterm, Mundoeffnung is an umlsterm, Tumorpatienten is an umlsterm, Kehlkopfmaske is an umlsterm, Leckdruck is an umlsterm, Normalpatienten is an umlsterm, Intubation is an umlsterm, Kehlkopfmaske is an umlsterm, blinde is an umlsterm, endotracheale Intubation is an umlsterm, Kehlkopfmaske is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Intubation is an umlsterm, Normalpatienten is an umlsterm, Kehlkopf is an umlsterm, Kehlkopfmaske is an umlsterm, Kehlkopfmaske is an umlsterm, Atmung is an umlsterm, Tumorpatienten is an umlsterm, Intubation is an umlsterm, blinde is an umlsterm, Intubation is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Kehlkopfmaske is an umlsterm, Anaesthesierepertoire is an umlsterm, Intubation is an umlsterm	DerAnaesthesist.50440712.ger.abstr_1	Sentence: Bei 30 Patienten mit schwieriger Intubation ( 35 Operationen ) und 50 Normalpatienten wurde prospektiv die Kehlkopfmaske eingesetzt mit den Fragestellungen : 1 ) verbessert die Kehlkopfmaske die Beatmung gegenueber der Gesichtsmaske , 2 ) erleichtert sie die fiberoptische Intubation , und 3 ) wie haeufig kann durch die Kehlkopfmaske blind intubiert werden ? 23 Patienten waren wegen Gesichtskarzinom radikal voroperiert , 7 konventionell nicht intubierbar ( Tabelle 1 ; bei allen : Sichtbarkeit des Kehlkopfs Grad 3 oder 4 [ 14 ] ) . Die Kehlkopfmaske liess sich bei allen ausser 1 Patientin mit einer Mundoeffnung von 1 cm einlegen . Bei Tumorpatienten war die Beatmung ueber die Kehlkopfmaske besser als mit Gesichtsmaske , zusaetzlich war der Leckdruck hoeher als bei Normalpatienten ( 25,2 +/- 7,9 vs. 20,6 +/- 4,9 cmH2O, p 0,05 ; Abb. 2 ) . Die fiberoptische Intubation gelang immer und war durch die Kehlkopfmaske leichter als ohne . Die blinde endotracheale Intubation durch die Kehlkopfmaske gelang nur in 22% bei Patienten mit schwieriger Intubation , und in 19% bei Normalpatienten . Der Wechsel auf jeden beliebigen Tubus ohne Sicht auf den Kehlkopf nach Plazierung eines 6,0 mm ungecufften Tubus durch die Kehlkopfmaske wird beschrieben ( Abb. 4 ) . Zusammenfassend sichert die Kehlkopfmaske die Atmung bei Tumorpatienten besser als die Gesichtsmaske , erleichert die fiberoptische Intubation und ermoeglicht die blinde Intubation bei einem Teil der Patienten . Die Kehlkopfmaske erweitert das Anaesthesierepertoire bei schwieriger Intubation Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Patienten, Intubation, Normalpatienten, Kehlkopfmaske, Kehlkopfmaske, Intubation, Kehlkopfmaske, blind, Patienten, Gesichtskarzinom, Kehlkopfs, Kehlkopfmaske, Mundoeffnung, Tumorpatienten, Kehlkopfmaske, Leckdruck, Normalpatienten, Intubation, Kehlkopfmaske, blinde, endotracheale Intubation, Kehlkopfmaske, Patienten, Intubation, Normalpatienten, Kehlkopf, Kehlkopfmaske, Kehlkopfmaske, Atmung, Tumorpatienten, Intubation, blinde, Intubation, Patienten, Kehlkopfmaske, Anaesthesierepertoire, Intubation Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", ...	Bei 30 Patienten mit schwieriger Intubation ( 35 Operationen ) und 50 Normalpatienten wurde prospektiv die Kehlkopfmaske eingesetzt mit den Fragestellungen : 1 ) verbessert die Kehlkopfmaske die Beatmung gegenueber der Gesichtsmaske , 2 ) erleichtert sie die fiberoptische Intubation , und 3 ) wie haeufig kann durch die Kehlkopfmaske blind intubiert werden ? 23 Patienten waren wegen Gesichtskarzinom radikal voroperiert , 7 konventionell nicht intubierbar ( Tabelle 1 ; bei allen : Sichtbarkeit des Kehlkopfs Grad 3 oder 4 [ 14 ] ) . Die Kehlkopfmaske liess sich bei allen ausser 1 Patientin mit einer Mundoeffnung von 1 cm einlegen . Bei Tumorpatienten war die Beatmung ueber die Kehlkopfmaske besser als mit Gesichtsmaske , zusaetzlich war der Leckdruck hoeher als bei Normalpatienten ( 25,2 +/- 7,9 vs. 20,6 +/- 4,9 cmH2O, p 0,05 ; Abb. 2 ) . Die fiberoptische Intubation gelang immer und war durch die Kehlkopfmaske leichter als ohne . Die blinde endotracheale Intubation durch die Kehlkopfmaske gelang nur in 22% bei Patienten mit schwieriger Intubation , und in 19% bei Normalpatienten . Der Wechsel auf jeden beliebigen Tubus ohne Sicht auf den Kehlkopf nach Plazierung eines 6,0 mm ungecufften Tubus durch die Kehlkopfmaske wird beschrieben ( Abb. 4 ) . Zusammenfassend sichert die Kehlkopfmaske die Atmung bei Tumorpatienten besser als die Gesichtsmaske , erleichert die fiberoptische Intubation und ermoeglicht die blinde Intubation bei einem Teil der Patienten . Die Kehlkopfmaske erweitert das Anaesthesierepertoire bei schwieriger Intubation	[ "Bei", "30", "Patienten", "mit", "schwieriger", "Intubation", "(", "35", "Operationen", ")", "und", "50", "Normalpatienten", "wurde", "prospektiv", "die", "Kehlkopfmaske", "eingesetzt", "mit", "den", "Fragestellungen", ":", "1", ")", "verbessert", "die", "Kehlkopf...	[ "umlsterm" ]
Patienten, Intubation, Normalpatienten, Kehlkopfmaske, Kehlkopfmaske, Intubation, Kehlkopfmaske, blind, Patienten, Gesichtskarzinom, Kehlkopfs, Kehlkopfmaske, Mundoeffnung, Tumorpatienten, Kehlkopfmaske, Leckdruck, Normalpatienten, Intubation, Kehlkopfmaske, blinde, endotracheale Intubation, Kehlkopfmaske, Patienten, Intubation, Normalpatienten, Kehlkopf, Kehlkopfmaske, Kehlkopfmaske, Atmung, Tumorpatienten, Intubation, blinde, Intubation, Patienten, Kehlkopfmaske, Anaesthesierepertoire, Intubation	DerAnaesthesist.50440712.ger.abstr_2	Sentence: Bei 30 Patienten mit schwieriger Intubation ( 35 Operationen ) und 50 Normalpatienten wurde prospektiv die Kehlkopfmaske eingesetzt mit den Fragestellungen : 1 ) verbessert die Kehlkopfmaske die Beatmung gegenueber der Gesichtsmaske , 2 ) erleichtert sie die fiberoptische Intubation , und 3 ) wie haeufig kann durch die Kehlkopfmaske blind intubiert werden ? 23 Patienten waren wegen Gesichtskarzinom radikal voroperiert , 7 konventionell nicht intubierbar ( Tabelle 1 ; bei allen : Sichtbarkeit des Kehlkopfs Grad 3 oder 4 [ 14 ] ) . Die Kehlkopfmaske liess sich bei allen ausser 1 Patientin mit einer Mundoeffnung von 1 cm einlegen . Bei Tumorpatienten war die Beatmung ueber die Kehlkopfmaske besser als mit Gesichtsmaske , zusaetzlich war der Leckdruck hoeher als bei Normalpatienten ( 25,2 +/- 7,9 vs. 20,6 +/- 4,9 cmH2O, p 0,05 ; Abb. 2 ) . Die fiberoptische Intubation gelang immer und war durch die Kehlkopfmaske leichter als ohne . Die blinde endotracheale Intubation durch die Kehlkopfmaske gelang nur in 22% bei Patienten mit schwieriger Intubation , und in 19% bei Normalpatienten . Der Wechsel auf jeden beliebigen Tubus ohne Sicht auf den Kehlkopf nach Plazierung eines 6,0 mm ungecufften Tubus durch die Kehlkopfmaske wird beschrieben ( Abb. 4 ) . Zusammenfassend sichert die Kehlkopfmaske die Atmung bei Tumorpatienten besser als die Gesichtsmaske , erleichert die fiberoptische Intubation und ermoeglicht die blinde Intubation bei einem Teil der Patienten . Die Kehlkopfmaske erweitert das Anaesthesierepertoire bei schwieriger Intubation Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", ...	Bei 30 Patienten mit schwieriger Intubation ( 35 Operationen ) und 50 Normalpatienten wurde prospektiv die Kehlkopfmaske eingesetzt mit den Fragestellungen : 1 ) verbessert die Kehlkopfmaske die Beatmung gegenueber der Gesichtsmaske , 2 ) erleichtert sie die fiberoptische Intubation , und 3 ) wie haeufig kann durch die Kehlkopfmaske blind intubiert werden ? 23 Patienten waren wegen Gesichtskarzinom radikal voroperiert , 7 konventionell nicht intubierbar ( Tabelle 1 ; bei allen : Sichtbarkeit des Kehlkopfs Grad 3 oder 4 [ 14 ] ) . Die Kehlkopfmaske liess sich bei allen ausser 1 Patientin mit einer Mundoeffnung von 1 cm einlegen . Bei Tumorpatienten war die Beatmung ueber die Kehlkopfmaske besser als mit Gesichtsmaske , zusaetzlich war der Leckdruck hoeher als bei Normalpatienten ( 25,2 +/- 7,9 vs. 20,6 +/- 4,9 cmH2O, p 0,05 ; Abb. 2 ) . Die fiberoptische Intubation gelang immer und war durch die Kehlkopfmaske leichter als ohne . Die blinde endotracheale Intubation durch die Kehlkopfmaske gelang nur in 22% bei Patienten mit schwieriger Intubation , und in 19% bei Normalpatienten . Der Wechsel auf jeden beliebigen Tubus ohne Sicht auf den Kehlkopf nach Plazierung eines 6,0 mm ungecufften Tubus durch die Kehlkopfmaske wird beschrieben ( Abb. 4 ) . Zusammenfassend sichert die Kehlkopfmaske die Atmung bei Tumorpatienten besser als die Gesichtsmaske , erleichert die fiberoptische Intubation und ermoeglicht die blinde Intubation bei einem Teil der Patienten . Die Kehlkopfmaske erweitert das Anaesthesierepertoire bei schwieriger Intubation	[ "Bei", "30", "Patienten", "mit", "schwieriger", "Intubation", "(", "35", "Operationen", ")", "und", "50", "Normalpatienten", "wurde", "prospektiv", "die", "Kehlkopfmaske", "eingesetzt", "mit", "den", "Fragestellungen", ":", "1", ")", "verbessert", "die", "Kehlkopf...	[ "umlsterm" ]
instrument is an umlsterm, intramedullary nails is an umlsterm, procedure is an umlsterm	Trauma+Berufskrankheit.80010068.eng.abstr_0	Sentence: A specially made instrument for the extraction of broken fragments of intramedullary nails is introduced and the procedure described . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]	A specially made instrument for the extraction of broken fragments of intramedullary nails is introduced and the procedure described .	[ "A", "specially", "made", "instrument", "for", "the", "extraction", "of", "broken", "fragments", "of", "intramedullary", "nails", "is", "introduced", "and", "the", "procedure", "described", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
instrument is an umlsterm, intramedullary nails is an umlsterm, procedure is an umlsterm	Trauma+Berufskrankheit.80010068.eng.abstr_1	Sentence: A specially made instrument for the extraction of broken fragments of intramedullary nails is introduced and the procedure described . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: instrument, intramedullary nails, procedure Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]	A specially made instrument for the extraction of broken fragments of intramedullary nails is introduced and the procedure described .	[ "A", "specially", "made", "instrument", "for", "the", "extraction", "of", "broken", "fragments", "of", "intramedullary", "nails", "is", "introduced", "and", "the", "procedure", "described", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
instrument, intramedullary nails, procedure	Trauma+Berufskrankheit.80010068.eng.abstr_2	Sentence: A specially made instrument for the extraction of broken fragments of intramedullary nails is introduced and the procedure described . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]	A specially made instrument for the extraction of broken fragments of intramedullary nails is introduced and the procedure described .	[ "A", "specially", "made", "instrument", "for", "the", "extraction", "of", "broken", "fragments", "of", "intramedullary", "nails", "is", "introduced", "and", "the", "procedure", "described", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
interferon is a Intervention_Pharmacological, response is a Outcome_Physical, alpha - interferon is a Intervention_Pharmacological, anti - human immunodeficiency virus antibody status is a Outcome_Physical, chronic active hepatitis on liver biopsy is a Outcome_Physical, AST level is a Outcome_Physical, hepatitis B virus DNA level is a Outcome_Physical, acute hepatitis is a Outcome_Physical, acute icteric hepatitis is a Outcome_Physical, HBsAg is a Outcome_Physical, HBeAg is a Outcome_Physical	41158_0	Sentence: Treatment of hepatitis B virus infection with interferon . Factors predicting response to interferon . Several randomised controlled trials have been undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of alpha-interferon in the therapy of chronic hepatitis B . In patients with HBe antigen-positive disease acquired in adult life the response rates vary from 25-50 % . In those infected at birth , response rates are lower . Twenty-one pretreatment variables were assessed for their significance in response prediction using data from 114 patients given alpha-interferon for chronic hepatitis B virus infection . In those patients who had received a minimum of 90 million units per m2 total dose over 12 weeks , a negative anti-human immunodeficiency virus antibody status ( p less than 0.001 ) , chronic active hepatitis on liver biopsy ( p less than 0.005 ) , high AST level ( p less than 0.001 ) , low hepatitis B virus DNA level ( p less than 0.001 ) and a history of acute hepatitis ( p less than 0.005 ) were all associated with an increased likelihood of response on univariate analysis . On stepwise logistic regression analysis , hepatitis B virus DNA , AST and a history of acute hepatitis predicted response independently ( p less than 0.05 ) . The most reliable combination of predictive factors was a negative anti-human immunodeficiency virus antibody status , with either a positive history of acute icteric hepatitis and AST greater than 45 IU per liter or no history of acute icteric hepatitis and AST greater than 85 IU per liter , which predicted response in 77 % with a specificity of 79 % ( p less than 0.001 ) . The loss of HBsAg in addition to HBeAg and hepatitis B virus DNA was more likely to occur in patients with chronic infection of less than 2 years duration ( p less than 0.001 ) . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Outcome_Physical, Intervention_Pharmacological	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Interv...	Treatment of hepatitis B virus infection with interferon . Factors predicting response to interferon . Several randomised controlled trials have been undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of alpha-interferon in the therapy of chronic hepatitis B . In patients with HBe antigen-positive disease acquired in adult life the response rates vary from 25-50 % . In those infected at birth , response rates are lower . Twenty-one pretreatment variables were assessed for their significance in response prediction using data from 114 patients given alpha-interferon for chronic hepatitis B virus infection . In those patients who had received a minimum of 90 million units per m2 total dose over 12 weeks , a negative anti-human immunodeficiency virus antibody status ( p less than 0.001 ) , chronic active hepatitis on liver biopsy ( p less than 0.005 ) , high AST level ( p less than 0.001 ) , low hepatitis B virus DNA level ( p less than 0.001 ) and a history of acute hepatitis ( p less than 0.005 ) were all associated with an increased likelihood of response on univariate analysis . On stepwise logistic regression analysis , hepatitis B virus DNA , AST and a history of acute hepatitis predicted response independently ( p less than 0.05 ) . The most reliable combination of predictive factors was a negative anti-human immunodeficiency virus antibody status , with either a positive history of acute icteric hepatitis and AST greater than 45 IU per liter or no history of acute icteric hepatitis and AST greater than 85 IU per liter , which predicted response in 77 % with a specificity of 79 % ( p less than 0.001 ) . The loss of HBsAg in addition to HBeAg and hepatitis B virus DNA was more likely to occur in patients with chronic infection of less than 2 years duration ( p less than 0.001 ) .	[ "Treatment", "of", "hepatitis", "B", "virus", "infection", "with", "interferon", ".", "Factors", "predicting", "response", "to", "interferon", ".", "Several", "randomised", "controlled", "trials", "have", "been", "undertaken", "to", "evaluate", "the", "efficacy", ...	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological" ]
interferon is a Intervention_Pharmacological, response is a Outcome_Physical, alpha - interferon is a Intervention_Pharmacological, anti - human immunodeficiency virus antibody status is a Outcome_Physical, chronic active hepatitis on liver biopsy is a Outcome_Physical, AST level is a Outcome_Physical, hepatitis B virus DNA level is a Outcome_Physical, acute hepatitis is a Outcome_Physical, acute icteric hepatitis is a Outcome_Physical, HBsAg is a Outcome_Physical, HBeAg is a Outcome_Physical	41158_1	Sentence: Treatment of hepatitis B virus infection with interferon . Factors predicting response to interferon . Several randomised controlled trials have been undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of alpha-interferon in the therapy of chronic hepatitis B . In patients with HBe antigen-positive disease acquired in adult life the response rates vary from 25-50 % . In those infected at birth , response rates are lower . Twenty-one pretreatment variables were assessed for their significance in response prediction using data from 114 patients given alpha-interferon for chronic hepatitis B virus infection . In those patients who had received a minimum of 90 million units per m2 total dose over 12 weeks , a negative anti-human immunodeficiency virus antibody status ( p less than 0.001 ) , chronic active hepatitis on liver biopsy ( p less than 0.005 ) , high AST level ( p less than 0.001 ) , low hepatitis B virus DNA level ( p less than 0.001 ) and a history of acute hepatitis ( p less than 0.005 ) were all associated with an increased likelihood of response on univariate analysis . On stepwise logistic regression analysis , hepatitis B virus DNA , AST and a history of acute hepatitis predicted response independently ( p less than 0.05 ) . The most reliable combination of predictive factors was a negative anti-human immunodeficiency virus antibody status , with either a positive history of acute icteric hepatitis and AST greater than 45 IU per liter or no history of acute icteric hepatitis and AST greater than 85 IU per liter , which predicted response in 77 % with a specificity of 79 % ( p less than 0.001 ) . The loss of HBsAg in addition to HBeAg and hepatitis B virus DNA was more likely to occur in patients with chronic infection of less than 2 years duration ( p less than 0.001 ) . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: interferon, response, alpha - interferon, anti - human immunodeficiency virus antibody status, chronic active hepatitis on liver biopsy, AST level, hepatitis B virus DNA level, acute hepatitis, acute icteric hepatitis, HBsAg, HBeAg Options: Outcome_Physical, Intervention_Pharmacological	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Interv...	Treatment of hepatitis B virus infection with interferon . Factors predicting response to interferon . Several randomised controlled trials have been undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of alpha-interferon in the therapy of chronic hepatitis B . In patients with HBe antigen-positive disease acquired in adult life the response rates vary from 25-50 % . In those infected at birth , response rates are lower . Twenty-one pretreatment variables were assessed for their significance in response prediction using data from 114 patients given alpha-interferon for chronic hepatitis B virus infection . In those patients who had received a minimum of 90 million units per m2 total dose over 12 weeks , a negative anti-human immunodeficiency virus antibody status ( p less than 0.001 ) , chronic active hepatitis on liver biopsy ( p less than 0.005 ) , high AST level ( p less than 0.001 ) , low hepatitis B virus DNA level ( p less than 0.001 ) and a history of acute hepatitis ( p less than 0.005 ) were all associated with an increased likelihood of response on univariate analysis . On stepwise logistic regression analysis , hepatitis B virus DNA , AST and a history of acute hepatitis predicted response independently ( p less than 0.05 ) . The most reliable combination of predictive factors was a negative anti-human immunodeficiency virus antibody status , with either a positive history of acute icteric hepatitis and AST greater than 45 IU per liter or no history of acute icteric hepatitis and AST greater than 85 IU per liter , which predicted response in 77 % with a specificity of 79 % ( p less than 0.001 ) . The loss of HBsAg in addition to HBeAg and hepatitis B virus DNA was more likely to occur in patients with chronic infection of less than 2 years duration ( p less than 0.001 ) .	[ "Treatment", "of", "hepatitis", "B", "virus", "infection", "with", "interferon", ".", "Factors", "predicting", "response", "to", "interferon", ".", "Several", "randomised", "controlled", "trials", "have", "been", "undertaken", "to", "evaluate", "the", "efficacy", ...	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological" ]
interferon, response, alpha - interferon, anti - human immunodeficiency virus antibody status, chronic active hepatitis on liver biopsy, AST level, hepatitis B virus DNA level, acute hepatitis, acute icteric hepatitis, HBsAg, HBeAg	41158_2	Sentence: Treatment of hepatitis B virus infection with interferon . Factors predicting response to interferon . Several randomised controlled trials have been undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of alpha-interferon in the therapy of chronic hepatitis B . In patients with HBe antigen-positive disease acquired in adult life the response rates vary from 25-50 % . In those infected at birth , response rates are lower . Twenty-one pretreatment variables were assessed for their significance in response prediction using data from 114 patients given alpha-interferon for chronic hepatitis B virus infection . In those patients who had received a minimum of 90 million units per m2 total dose over 12 weeks , a negative anti-human immunodeficiency virus antibody status ( p less than 0.001 ) , chronic active hepatitis on liver biopsy ( p less than 0.005 ) , high AST level ( p less than 0.001 ) , low hepatitis B virus DNA level ( p less than 0.001 ) and a history of acute hepatitis ( p less than 0.005 ) were all associated with an increased likelihood of response on univariate analysis . On stepwise logistic regression analysis , hepatitis B virus DNA , AST and a history of acute hepatitis predicted response independently ( p less than 0.05 ) . The most reliable combination of predictive factors was a negative anti-human immunodeficiency virus antibody status , with either a positive history of acute icteric hepatitis and AST greater than 45 IU per liter or no history of acute icteric hepatitis and AST greater than 85 IU per liter , which predicted response in 77 % with a specificity of 79 % ( p less than 0.001 ) . The loss of HBsAg in addition to HBeAg and hepatitis B virus DNA was more likely to occur in patients with chronic infection of less than 2 years duration ( p less than 0.001 ) . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Interv...	Treatment of hepatitis B virus infection with interferon . Factors predicting response to interferon . Several randomised controlled trials have been undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of alpha-interferon in the therapy of chronic hepatitis B . In patients with HBe antigen-positive disease acquired in adult life the response rates vary from 25-50 % . In those infected at birth , response rates are lower . Twenty-one pretreatment variables were assessed for their significance in response prediction using data from 114 patients given alpha-interferon for chronic hepatitis B virus infection . In those patients who had received a minimum of 90 million units per m2 total dose over 12 weeks , a negative anti-human immunodeficiency virus antibody status ( p less than 0.001 ) , chronic active hepatitis on liver biopsy ( p less than 0.005 ) , high AST level ( p less than 0.001 ) , low hepatitis B virus DNA level ( p less than 0.001 ) and a history of acute hepatitis ( p less than 0.005 ) were all associated with an increased likelihood of response on univariate analysis . On stepwise logistic regression analysis , hepatitis B virus DNA , AST and a history of acute hepatitis predicted response independently ( p less than 0.05 ) . The most reliable combination of predictive factors was a negative anti-human immunodeficiency virus antibody status , with either a positive history of acute icteric hepatitis and AST greater than 45 IU per liter or no history of acute icteric hepatitis and AST greater than 85 IU per liter , which predicted response in 77 % with a specificity of 79 % ( p less than 0.001 ) . The loss of HBsAg in addition to HBeAg and hepatitis B virus DNA was more likely to occur in patients with chronic infection of less than 2 years duration ( p less than 0.001 ) .	[ "Treatment", "of", "hepatitis", "B", "virus", "infection", "with", "interferon", ".", "Factors", "predicting", "response", "to", "interferon", ".", "Several", "randomised", "controlled", "trials", "have", "been", "undertaken", "to", "evaluate", "the", "efficacy", ...	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological" ]
carbons is a Chemical, allyl is a Chemical, benzyl is a Chemical, trimethylsilanes is a Chemical	31474_0	Sentence: Efficient anodic allylation and benzylation of carbons using allyl and benzyl trimethylsilanes. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Chemical	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "B-Chemical", "B-Chemical", "O" ]	Efficient anodic allylation and benzylation of carbons using allyl and benzyl trimethylsilanes.	[ "Efficient", "anodic", "allylation", "and", "benzylation", "of", "carbons", "using", "allyl", "and", "benzyl", "trimethylsilanes", "." ]	[ "Chemical" ]
carbons is a Chemical, allyl is a Chemical, benzyl is a Chemical, trimethylsilanes is a Chemical	31474_1	Sentence: Efficient anodic allylation and benzylation of carbons using allyl and benzyl trimethylsilanes. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: carbons, allyl, benzyl, trimethylsilanes Options: Chemical	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "B-Chemical", "B-Chemical", "O" ]	Efficient anodic allylation and benzylation of carbons using allyl and benzyl trimethylsilanes.	[ "Efficient", "anodic", "allylation", "and", "benzylation", "of", "carbons", "using", "allyl", "and", "benzyl", "trimethylsilanes", "." ]	[ "Chemical" ]
carbons, allyl, benzyl, trimethylsilanes	31474_2	Sentence: Efficient anodic allylation and benzylation of carbons using allyl and benzyl trimethylsilanes. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "B-Chemical", "B-Chemical", "O" ]	Efficient anodic allylation and benzylation of carbons using allyl and benzyl trimethylsilanes.	[ "Efficient", "anodic", "allylation", "and", "benzylation", "of", "carbons", "using", "allyl", "and", "benzyl", "trimethylsilanes", "." ]	[ "Chemical" ]
Aip1p is a Individual_protein, cofilin is a Individual_protein, cofilin is a Individual_protein, cofilin is a Individual_protein, actin is a Individual_protein	56_0	Sentence: We conclude that Aip1p is a cofilin-associated protein that enhances the filament disassembly activity of cofilin and restricts cofilin localization to cortical actin patches. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Individual_protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O" ]	We conclude that Aip1p is a cofilin-associated protein that enhances the filament disassembly activity of cofilin and restricts cofilin localization to cortical actin patches.	[ "We", "conclude", "that", "Aip1p", "is", "a", "cofilin", "-", "associated", "protein", "that", "enhances", "the", "filament", "disassembly", "activity", "of", "cofilin", "and", "restricts", "cofilin", "localization", "to", "cortical", "actin", "patches", "." ]	[ "Individual_protein" ]
Aip1p is a Individual_protein, cofilin is a Individual_protein, cofilin is a Individual_protein, cofilin is a Individual_protein, actin is a Individual_protein	56_1	Sentence: We conclude that Aip1p is a cofilin-associated protein that enhances the filament disassembly activity of cofilin and restricts cofilin localization to cortical actin patches. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Aip1p, cofilin, cofilin, cofilin, actin Options: Individual_protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O" ]	We conclude that Aip1p is a cofilin-associated protein that enhances the filament disassembly activity of cofilin and restricts cofilin localization to cortical actin patches.	[ "We", "conclude", "that", "Aip1p", "is", "a", "cofilin", "-", "associated", "protein", "that", "enhances", "the", "filament", "disassembly", "activity", "of", "cofilin", "and", "restricts", "cofilin", "localization", "to", "cortical", "actin", "patches", "." ]	[ "Individual_protein" ]
Aip1p, cofilin, cofilin, cofilin, actin	56_2	Sentence: We conclude that Aip1p is a cofilin-associated protein that enhances the filament disassembly activity of cofilin and restricts cofilin localization to cortical actin patches. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O" ]	We conclude that Aip1p is a cofilin-associated protein that enhances the filament disassembly activity of cofilin and restricts cofilin localization to cortical actin patches.	[ "We", "conclude", "that", "Aip1p", "is", "a", "cofilin", "-", "associated", "protein", "that", "enhances", "the", "filament", "disassembly", "activity", "of", "cofilin", "and", "restricts", "cofilin", "localization", "to", "cortical", "actin", "patches", "." ]	[ "Individual_protein" ]
Interferon - gamma is a GENE-Y	17034586_0	Sentence: Interferon-gamma is causatively involved in experimental inflammatory bowel disease in mice. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y	[ "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Interferon-gamma is causatively involved in experimental inflammatory bowel disease in mice.	[ "Interferon", "-", "gamma", "is", "causatively", "involved", "in", "experimental", "inflammatory", "bowel", "disease", "in", "mice", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]
Interferon - gamma is a GENE-Y	17034586_1	Sentence: Interferon-gamma is causatively involved in experimental inflammatory bowel disease in mice. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Interferon - gamma Options: GENE-Y	[ "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Interferon-gamma is causatively involved in experimental inflammatory bowel disease in mice.	[ "Interferon", "-", "gamma", "is", "causatively", "involved", "in", "experimental", "inflammatory", "bowel", "disease", "in", "mice", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]
Interferon - gamma	17034586_2	Sentence: Interferon-gamma is causatively involved in experimental inflammatory bowel disease in mice. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Interferon-gamma is causatively involved in experimental inflammatory bowel disease in mice.	[ "Interferon", "-", "gamma", "is", "causatively", "involved", "in", "experimental", "inflammatory", "bowel", "disease", "in", "mice", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]
RAD52 is a Gene/protein/RNA, RAD51 is a Gene/protein/RNA	593_0	Sentence: Previously, we have shown that in the absence of RAD52, repair is nearly absent and diploid cells lose the broken chromosome; however, in cells lacking RAD51, gene conversion is absent but cells can repair the DSB by BIR. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Gene/protein/RNA	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene/protein/RNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene/protein/RNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O...	Previously, we have shown that in the absence of RAD52, repair is nearly absent and diploid cells lose the broken chromosome; however, in cells lacking RAD51, gene conversion is absent but cells can repair the DSB by BIR.	[ "Previously", ",", "we", "have", "shown", "that", "in", "the", "absence", "of", "RAD52", ",", "repair", "is", "nearly", "absent", "and", "diploid", "cells", "lose", "the", "broken", "chromosome", ";", "however", ",", "in", "cells", "lacking", "RAD51", ",",...	[ "Gene/protein/RNA" ]
RAD52 is a Gene/protein/RNA, RAD51 is a Gene/protein/RNA	593_1	Sentence: Previously, we have shown that in the absence of RAD52, repair is nearly absent and diploid cells lose the broken chromosome; however, in cells lacking RAD51, gene conversion is absent but cells can repair the DSB by BIR. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: RAD52, RAD51 Options: Gene/protein/RNA	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene/protein/RNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene/protein/RNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O...	Previously, we have shown that in the absence of RAD52, repair is nearly absent and diploid cells lose the broken chromosome; however, in cells lacking RAD51, gene conversion is absent but cells can repair the DSB by BIR.	[ "Previously", ",", "we", "have", "shown", "that", "in", "the", "absence", "of", "RAD52", ",", "repair", "is", "nearly", "absent", "and", "diploid", "cells", "lose", "the", "broken", "chromosome", ";", "however", ",", "in", "cells", "lacking", "RAD51", ",",...	[ "Gene/protein/RNA" ]
RAD52, RAD51	593_2	Sentence: Previously, we have shown that in the absence of RAD52, repair is nearly absent and diploid cells lose the broken chromosome; however, in cells lacking RAD51, gene conversion is absent but cells can repair the DSB by BIR. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene/protein/RNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene/protein/RNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O...	Previously, we have shown that in the absence of RAD52, repair is nearly absent and diploid cells lose the broken chromosome; however, in cells lacking RAD51, gene conversion is absent but cells can repair the DSB by BIR.	[ "Previously", ",", "we", "have", "shown", "that", "in", "the", "absence", "of", "RAD52", ",", "repair", "is", "nearly", "absent", "and", "diploid", "cells", "lose", "the", "broken", "chromosome", ";", "however", ",", "in", "cells", "lacking", "RAD51", ",",...	[ "Gene/protein/RNA" ]
necrosis is an umlsterm, lunate bone is an umlsterm, literature is an umlsterm, causation is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, histories is an umlsterm, macroscopic - radiographical is an umlsterm, contrast is an umlsterm, necrosis is an umlsterm, femoral head is an umlsterm, Evaluation is an umlsterm, lunate is an umlsterm, bone necrosis is an umlsterm, University Hospital is an umlsterm, prospective study is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, wrist is an umlsterm, X - ray is an umlsterm, lunate bones is an umlsterm, cause is an umlsterm, fractures is an umlsterm, cause is an umlsterm, necrosis is an umlsterm, lunate bone is an umlsterm, classification is an umlsterm, lunate is an umlsterm, bone necrosis is an umlsterm, pressure is an umlsterm, measurement is an umlsterm, test is an umlsterm, behaviour is an umlsterm, pressure is an umlsterm, lunate bones is an umlsterm, lunate bones is an umlsterm, bones is an umlsterm, pressure is an umlsterm, bones is an umlsterm, lunate bones is an umlsterm, pressure is an umlsterm, wrist is an umlsterm, position - dependent is an umlsterm, pressure is an umlsterm, lunate bones is an umlsterm, drainage is an umlsterm, pressure is an umlsterm, lunate bones is an umlsterm, systolic is an umlsterm, blood pressure is an umlsterm, lunate bones is an umlsterm, movement is an umlsterm, anatomical is an umlsterm, causes is an umlsterm, pressure is an umlsterm, arteries is an umlsterm, veins is an umlsterm, plastination is an umlsterm, cadaver is an umlsterm, arms is an umlsterm, Visualization is an umlsterm, vessels is an umlsterm, blood supply is an umlsterm, arteries is an umlsterm, drainage is an umlsterm, anatomical is an umlsterm, drainage is an umlsterm, lunate bone is an umlsterm, pressure is an umlsterm, radius is an umlsterm, direction is an umlsterm, relative is an umlsterm, hand is an umlsterm, axis is an umlsterm, development is an umlsterm, necrosis is an umlsterm, Evaluation is an umlsterm, histories is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, necrosis is an umlsterm, lunate bone is an umlsterm, trauma is an umlsterm, causation is an umlsterm, manual is an umlsterm, work is an umlsterm, role is an umlsterm, manual is an umlsterm, wrist is an umlsterm, bone necrosis is an umlsterm, wrist is an umlsterm, pathologic is an umlsterm	Trauma+Berufskrankheit.80010074.eng.abstr_0	Sentence: So far , necrosis of the lunate bone has been interpreted in the literature as a phenomenon with a traumatic , primarily vascular-arterial or mechanical causation . These models seem problematic , since neither the patients ' histories nor the macroscopic-radiographical or histological appearances can be reconciled with them . In contrast , the model of a primarily venous aetiopathogenesis accepted for idiopathic necrosis of the femoral head is now examined . Evaluation of 125 cases of lunate bone necrosis treated in the Department of Orthopaedics at the University Hospital in Heidelberg between 1958 and 1993 made it possible to reconstruct the spontaneous course of the condition . X-Ray material , core spin tomographic images and material from a prospective study carried out in 49 patients with unexplained painful conditions of the wrist were available . A stage-by-stage progression emerged , which initially caused alterations only in the MR image , while the X-ray picture remained unremarkable . It was recognized from the spontaneous course that subsequent changes in the shape of the diseased lunate bones were always the result of the necrotic transformation process and never the cause of it . This meant that fractures were excluded as a possible cause of necrosis of the lunate bone . The spontaneous course was used as the basis of a stage-related classification for lunate bone necrosis . In a pressure measurement test , the behaviour of the intraosseous pressure in 16 necrotic lunate bones , 16 healthy lunate bones and 16 healthy capitate bones was tested under various functional conditions . The pressure fluctuations in the capitate bones were very slight , while in the healthy lunate bones pressure increased significantly during extension of the wrist . The position-dependent pressure increases in the lunate bones indicated that the venous drainage was constantly in jeopardy . The pressure increases in necrotic lunate bones were significantly in excess of those in healthy ones ; in some cases they were far in excess of the systolic blood pressure . It was also concluded that necrotic lunate bones were mechanically deformed on movement . The anatomical causes of the pronounced pressure increases were examined experimentally . After staining of both the arteries and the veins , epoxy sheet plastination was used to fix six fresh cadaver arms in the neutral position and six in extension . Visualization of the vessels showed that capsular-ligamentous structures that were stretched on the palmar side and slackly turned back on themselves on the dorsal side still allowed the blood supply from the arteries , but substantially hindered venous drainage . The anatomical preparations made it possible to see that venous drainage from the lunate bone was being prevented ; this explained the pronounced pressure increases . The unphysiological position of the base of the radius inclined in the palmar direction relative to the hand axis when it was extended dorsally was the crucial factor in the development of necrosis . Evaluation of the histories of the patients with necrosis of the lunate bone made it clear that trauma was not significantly involved in the causation , while manual work had an important role . Most manual activites are performed with the wrist in extension . Any extension favours triggering of bone necrosis through congestion in the venous trunk . Thus , our investigations have shown that the beginning of this illness starts with congestion such as occurs with every extension of the wrist , which is initially physiological , before further factors favouring the process cause it to take a pathologic course . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm"...	So far , necrosis of the lunate bone has been interpreted in the literature as a phenomenon with a traumatic , primarily vascular-arterial or mechanical causation . These models seem problematic , since neither the patients ' histories nor the macroscopic-radiographical or histological appearances can be reconciled with them . In contrast , the model of a primarily venous aetiopathogenesis accepted for idiopathic necrosis of the femoral head is now examined . Evaluation of 125 cases of lunate bone necrosis treated in the Department of Orthopaedics at the University Hospital in Heidelberg between 1958 and 1993 made it possible to reconstruct the spontaneous course of the condition . X-Ray material , core spin tomographic images and material from a prospective study carried out in 49 patients with unexplained painful conditions of the wrist were available . A stage-by-stage progression emerged , which initially caused alterations only in the MR image , while the X-ray picture remained unremarkable . It was recognized from the spontaneous course that subsequent changes in the shape of the diseased lunate bones were always the result of the necrotic transformation process and never the cause of it . This meant that fractures were excluded as a possible cause of necrosis of the lunate bone . The spontaneous course was used as the basis of a stage-related classification for lunate bone necrosis . In a pressure measurement test , the behaviour of the intraosseous pressure in 16 necrotic lunate bones , 16 healthy lunate bones and 16 healthy capitate bones was tested under various functional conditions . The pressure fluctuations in the capitate bones were very slight , while in the healthy lunate bones pressure increased significantly during extension of the wrist . The position-dependent pressure increases in the lunate bones indicated that the venous drainage was constantly in jeopardy . The pressure increases in necrotic lunate bones were significantly in excess of those in healthy ones ; in some cases they were far in excess of the systolic blood pressure . It was also concluded that necrotic lunate bones were mechanically deformed on movement . The anatomical causes of the pronounced pressure increases were examined experimentally . After staining of both the arteries and the veins , epoxy sheet plastination was used to fix six fresh cadaver arms in the neutral position and six in extension . Visualization of the vessels showed that capsular-ligamentous structures that were stretched on the palmar side and slackly turned back on themselves on the dorsal side still allowed the blood supply from the arteries , but substantially hindered venous drainage . The anatomical preparations made it possible to see that venous drainage from the lunate bone was being prevented ; this explained the pronounced pressure increases . The unphysiological position of the base of the radius inclined in the palmar direction relative to the hand axis when it was extended dorsally was the crucial factor in the development of necrosis . Evaluation of the histories of the patients with necrosis of the lunate bone made it clear that trauma was not significantly involved in the causation , while manual work had an important role . Most manual activites are performed with the wrist in extension . Any extension favours triggering of bone necrosis through congestion in the venous trunk . Thus , our investigations have shown that the beginning of this illness starts with congestion such as occurs with every extension of the wrist , which is initially physiological , before further factors favouring the process cause it to take a pathologic course .	[ "So", "far", ",", "necrosis", "of", "the", "lunate", "bone", "has", "been", "interpreted", "in", "the", "literature", "as", "a", "phenomenon", "with", "a", "traumatic", ",", "primarily", "vascular", "-", "arterial", "or", "mechanical", "causation", ".", "The...	[ "umlsterm" ]
necrosis is an umlsterm, lunate bone is an umlsterm, literature is an umlsterm, causation is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, histories is an umlsterm, macroscopic - radiographical is an umlsterm, contrast is an umlsterm, necrosis is an umlsterm, femoral head is an umlsterm, Evaluation is an umlsterm, lunate is an umlsterm, bone necrosis is an umlsterm, University Hospital is an umlsterm, prospective study is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, wrist is an umlsterm, X - ray is an umlsterm, lunate bones is an umlsterm, cause is an umlsterm, fractures is an umlsterm, cause is an umlsterm, necrosis is an umlsterm, lunate bone is an umlsterm, classification is an umlsterm, lunate is an umlsterm, bone necrosis is an umlsterm, pressure is an umlsterm, measurement is an umlsterm, test is an umlsterm, behaviour is an umlsterm, pressure is an umlsterm, lunate bones is an umlsterm, lunate bones is an umlsterm, bones is an umlsterm, pressure is an umlsterm, bones is an umlsterm, lunate bones is an umlsterm, pressure is an umlsterm, wrist is an umlsterm, position - dependent is an umlsterm, pressure is an umlsterm, lunate bones is an umlsterm, drainage is an umlsterm, pressure is an umlsterm, lunate bones is an umlsterm, systolic is an umlsterm, blood pressure is an umlsterm, lunate bones is an umlsterm, movement is an umlsterm, anatomical is an umlsterm, causes is an umlsterm, pressure is an umlsterm, arteries is an umlsterm, veins is an umlsterm, plastination is an umlsterm, cadaver is an umlsterm, arms is an umlsterm, Visualization is an umlsterm, vessels is an umlsterm, blood supply is an umlsterm, arteries is an umlsterm, drainage is an umlsterm, anatomical is an umlsterm, drainage is an umlsterm, lunate bone is an umlsterm, pressure is an umlsterm, radius is an umlsterm, direction is an umlsterm, relative is an umlsterm, hand is an umlsterm, axis is an umlsterm, development is an umlsterm, necrosis is an umlsterm, Evaluation is an umlsterm, histories is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, necrosis is an umlsterm, lunate bone is an umlsterm, trauma is an umlsterm, causation is an umlsterm, manual is an umlsterm, work is an umlsterm, role is an umlsterm, manual is an umlsterm, wrist is an umlsterm, bone necrosis is an umlsterm, wrist is an umlsterm, pathologic is an umlsterm	Trauma+Berufskrankheit.80010074.eng.abstr_1	Sentence: So far , necrosis of the lunate bone has been interpreted in the literature as a phenomenon with a traumatic , primarily vascular-arterial or mechanical causation . These models seem problematic , since neither the patients ' histories nor the macroscopic-radiographical or histological appearances can be reconciled with them . In contrast , the model of a primarily venous aetiopathogenesis accepted for idiopathic necrosis of the femoral head is now examined . Evaluation of 125 cases of lunate bone necrosis treated in the Department of Orthopaedics at the University Hospital in Heidelberg between 1958 and 1993 made it possible to reconstruct the spontaneous course of the condition . X-Ray material , core spin tomographic images and material from a prospective study carried out in 49 patients with unexplained painful conditions of the wrist were available . A stage-by-stage progression emerged , which initially caused alterations only in the MR image , while the X-ray picture remained unremarkable . It was recognized from the spontaneous course that subsequent changes in the shape of the diseased lunate bones were always the result of the necrotic transformation process and never the cause of it . This meant that fractures were excluded as a possible cause of necrosis of the lunate bone . The spontaneous course was used as the basis of a stage-related classification for lunate bone necrosis . In a pressure measurement test , the behaviour of the intraosseous pressure in 16 necrotic lunate bones , 16 healthy lunate bones and 16 healthy capitate bones was tested under various functional conditions . The pressure fluctuations in the capitate bones were very slight , while in the healthy lunate bones pressure increased significantly during extension of the wrist . The position-dependent pressure increases in the lunate bones indicated that the venous drainage was constantly in jeopardy . The pressure increases in necrotic lunate bones were significantly in excess of those in healthy ones ; in some cases they were far in excess of the systolic blood pressure . It was also concluded that necrotic lunate bones were mechanically deformed on movement . The anatomical causes of the pronounced pressure increases were examined experimentally . After staining of both the arteries and the veins , epoxy sheet plastination was used to fix six fresh cadaver arms in the neutral position and six in extension . Visualization of the vessels showed that capsular-ligamentous structures that were stretched on the palmar side and slackly turned back on themselves on the dorsal side still allowed the blood supply from the arteries , but substantially hindered venous drainage . The anatomical preparations made it possible to see that venous drainage from the lunate bone was being prevented ; this explained the pronounced pressure increases . The unphysiological position of the base of the radius inclined in the palmar direction relative to the hand axis when it was extended dorsally was the crucial factor in the development of necrosis . Evaluation of the histories of the patients with necrosis of the lunate bone made it clear that trauma was not significantly involved in the causation , while manual work had an important role . Most manual activites are performed with the wrist in extension . Any extension favours triggering of bone necrosis through congestion in the venous trunk . Thus , our investigations have shown that the beginning of this illness starts with congestion such as occurs with every extension of the wrist , which is initially physiological , before further factors favouring the process cause it to take a pathologic course . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: necrosis, lunate bone, literature, causation, patients, histories, macroscopic - radiographical, contrast, necrosis, femoral head, Evaluation, lunate, bone necrosis, University Hospital, prospective study, patients, wrist, X - ray, lunate bones, cause, fractures, cause, necrosis, lunate bone, classification, lunate, bone necrosis, pressure, measurement, test, behaviour, pressure, lunate bones, lunate bones, bones, pressure, bones, lunate bones, pressure, wrist, position - dependent, pressure, lunate bones, drainage, pressure, lunate bones, systolic, blood pressure, lunate bones, movement, anatomical, causes, pressure, arteries, veins, plastination, cadaver, arms, Visualization, vessels, blood supply, arteries, drainage, anatomical, drainage, lunate bone, pressure, radius, direction, relative, hand, axis, development, necrosis, Evaluation, histories, patients, necrosis, lunate bone, trauma, causation, manual, work, role, manual, wrist, bone necrosis, wrist, pathologic Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm"...	So far , necrosis of the lunate bone has been interpreted in the literature as a phenomenon with a traumatic , primarily vascular-arterial or mechanical causation . These models seem problematic , since neither the patients ' histories nor the macroscopic-radiographical or histological appearances can be reconciled with them . In contrast , the model of a primarily venous aetiopathogenesis accepted for idiopathic necrosis of the femoral head is now examined . Evaluation of 125 cases of lunate bone necrosis treated in the Department of Orthopaedics at the University Hospital in Heidelberg between 1958 and 1993 made it possible to reconstruct the spontaneous course of the condition . X-Ray material , core spin tomographic images and material from a prospective study carried out in 49 patients with unexplained painful conditions of the wrist were available . A stage-by-stage progression emerged , which initially caused alterations only in the MR image , while the X-ray picture remained unremarkable . It was recognized from the spontaneous course that subsequent changes in the shape of the diseased lunate bones were always the result of the necrotic transformation process and never the cause of it . This meant that fractures were excluded as a possible cause of necrosis of the lunate bone . The spontaneous course was used as the basis of a stage-related classification for lunate bone necrosis . In a pressure measurement test , the behaviour of the intraosseous pressure in 16 necrotic lunate bones , 16 healthy lunate bones and 16 healthy capitate bones was tested under various functional conditions . The pressure fluctuations in the capitate bones were very slight , while in the healthy lunate bones pressure increased significantly during extension of the wrist . The position-dependent pressure increases in the lunate bones indicated that the venous drainage was constantly in jeopardy . The pressure increases in necrotic lunate bones were significantly in excess of those in healthy ones ; in some cases they were far in excess of the systolic blood pressure . It was also concluded that necrotic lunate bones were mechanically deformed on movement . The anatomical causes of the pronounced pressure increases were examined experimentally . After staining of both the arteries and the veins , epoxy sheet plastination was used to fix six fresh cadaver arms in the neutral position and six in extension . Visualization of the vessels showed that capsular-ligamentous structures that were stretched on the palmar side and slackly turned back on themselves on the dorsal side still allowed the blood supply from the arteries , but substantially hindered venous drainage . The anatomical preparations made it possible to see that venous drainage from the lunate bone was being prevented ; this explained the pronounced pressure increases . The unphysiological position of the base of the radius inclined in the palmar direction relative to the hand axis when it was extended dorsally was the crucial factor in the development of necrosis . Evaluation of the histories of the patients with necrosis of the lunate bone made it clear that trauma was not significantly involved in the causation , while manual work had an important role . Most manual activites are performed with the wrist in extension . Any extension favours triggering of bone necrosis through congestion in the venous trunk . Thus , our investigations have shown that the beginning of this illness starts with congestion such as occurs with every extension of the wrist , which is initially physiological , before further factors favouring the process cause it to take a pathologic course .	[ "So", "far", ",", "necrosis", "of", "the", "lunate", "bone", "has", "been", "interpreted", "in", "the", "literature", "as", "a", "phenomenon", "with", "a", "traumatic", ",", "primarily", "vascular", "-", "arterial", "or", "mechanical", "causation", ".", "The...	[ "umlsterm" ]
necrosis, lunate bone, literature, causation, patients, histories, macroscopic - radiographical, contrast, necrosis, femoral head, Evaluation, lunate, bone necrosis, University Hospital, prospective study, patients, wrist, X - ray, lunate bones, cause, fractures, cause, necrosis, lunate bone, classification, lunate, bone necrosis, pressure, measurement, test, behaviour, pressure, lunate bones, lunate bones, bones, pressure, bones, lunate bones, pressure, wrist, position - dependent, pressure, lunate bones, drainage, pressure, lunate bones, systolic, blood pressure, lunate bones, movement, anatomical, causes, pressure, arteries, veins, plastination, cadaver, arms, Visualization, vessels, blood supply, arteries, drainage, anatomical, drainage, lunate bone, pressure, radius, direction, relative, hand, axis, development, necrosis, Evaluation, histories, patients, necrosis, lunate bone, trauma, causation, manual, work, role, manual, wrist, bone necrosis, wrist, pathologic	Trauma+Berufskrankheit.80010074.eng.abstr_2	Sentence: So far , necrosis of the lunate bone has been interpreted in the literature as a phenomenon with a traumatic , primarily vascular-arterial or mechanical causation . These models seem problematic , since neither the patients ' histories nor the macroscopic-radiographical or histological appearances can be reconciled with them . In contrast , the model of a primarily venous aetiopathogenesis accepted for idiopathic necrosis of the femoral head is now examined . Evaluation of 125 cases of lunate bone necrosis treated in the Department of Orthopaedics at the University Hospital in Heidelberg between 1958 and 1993 made it possible to reconstruct the spontaneous course of the condition . X-Ray material , core spin tomographic images and material from a prospective study carried out in 49 patients with unexplained painful conditions of the wrist were available . A stage-by-stage progression emerged , which initially caused alterations only in the MR image , while the X-ray picture remained unremarkable . It was recognized from the spontaneous course that subsequent changes in the shape of the diseased lunate bones were always the result of the necrotic transformation process and never the cause of it . This meant that fractures were excluded as a possible cause of necrosis of the lunate bone . The spontaneous course was used as the basis of a stage-related classification for lunate bone necrosis . In a pressure measurement test , the behaviour of the intraosseous pressure in 16 necrotic lunate bones , 16 healthy lunate bones and 16 healthy capitate bones was tested under various functional conditions . The pressure fluctuations in the capitate bones were very slight , while in the healthy lunate bones pressure increased significantly during extension of the wrist . The position-dependent pressure increases in the lunate bones indicated that the venous drainage was constantly in jeopardy . The pressure increases in necrotic lunate bones were significantly in excess of those in healthy ones ; in some cases they were far in excess of the systolic blood pressure . It was also concluded that necrotic lunate bones were mechanically deformed on movement . The anatomical causes of the pronounced pressure increases were examined experimentally . After staining of both the arteries and the veins , epoxy sheet plastination was used to fix six fresh cadaver arms in the neutral position and six in extension . Visualization of the vessels showed that capsular-ligamentous structures that were stretched on the palmar side and slackly turned back on themselves on the dorsal side still allowed the blood supply from the arteries , but substantially hindered venous drainage . The anatomical preparations made it possible to see that venous drainage from the lunate bone was being prevented ; this explained the pronounced pressure increases . The unphysiological position of the base of the radius inclined in the palmar direction relative to the hand axis when it was extended dorsally was the crucial factor in the development of necrosis . Evaluation of the histories of the patients with necrosis of the lunate bone made it clear that trauma was not significantly involved in the causation , while manual work had an important role . Most manual activites are performed with the wrist in extension . Any extension favours triggering of bone necrosis through congestion in the venous trunk . Thus , our investigations have shown that the beginning of this illness starts with congestion such as occurs with every extension of the wrist , which is initially physiological , before further factors favouring the process cause it to take a pathologic course . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm"...	So far , necrosis of the lunate bone has been interpreted in the literature as a phenomenon with a traumatic , primarily vascular-arterial or mechanical causation . These models seem problematic , since neither the patients ' histories nor the macroscopic-radiographical or histological appearances can be reconciled with them . In contrast , the model of a primarily venous aetiopathogenesis accepted for idiopathic necrosis of the femoral head is now examined . Evaluation of 125 cases of lunate bone necrosis treated in the Department of Orthopaedics at the University Hospital in Heidelberg between 1958 and 1993 made it possible to reconstruct the spontaneous course of the condition . X-Ray material , core spin tomographic images and material from a prospective study carried out in 49 patients with unexplained painful conditions of the wrist were available . A stage-by-stage progression emerged , which initially caused alterations only in the MR image , while the X-ray picture remained unremarkable . It was recognized from the spontaneous course that subsequent changes in the shape of the diseased lunate bones were always the result of the necrotic transformation process and never the cause of it . This meant that fractures were excluded as a possible cause of necrosis of the lunate bone . The spontaneous course was used as the basis of a stage-related classification for lunate bone necrosis . In a pressure measurement test , the behaviour of the intraosseous pressure in 16 necrotic lunate bones , 16 healthy lunate bones and 16 healthy capitate bones was tested under various functional conditions . The pressure fluctuations in the capitate bones were very slight , while in the healthy lunate bones pressure increased significantly during extension of the wrist . The position-dependent pressure increases in the lunate bones indicated that the venous drainage was constantly in jeopardy . The pressure increases in necrotic lunate bones were significantly in excess of those in healthy ones ; in some cases they were far in excess of the systolic blood pressure . It was also concluded that necrotic lunate bones were mechanically deformed on movement . The anatomical causes of the pronounced pressure increases were examined experimentally . After staining of both the arteries and the veins , epoxy sheet plastination was used to fix six fresh cadaver arms in the neutral position and six in extension . Visualization of the vessels showed that capsular-ligamentous structures that were stretched on the palmar side and slackly turned back on themselves on the dorsal side still allowed the blood supply from the arteries , but substantially hindered venous drainage . The anatomical preparations made it possible to see that venous drainage from the lunate bone was being prevented ; this explained the pronounced pressure increases . The unphysiological position of the base of the radius inclined in the palmar direction relative to the hand axis when it was extended dorsally was the crucial factor in the development of necrosis . Evaluation of the histories of the patients with necrosis of the lunate bone made it clear that trauma was not significantly involved in the causation , while manual work had an important role . Most manual activites are performed with the wrist in extension . Any extension favours triggering of bone necrosis through congestion in the venous trunk . Thus , our investigations have shown that the beginning of this illness starts with congestion such as occurs with every extension of the wrist , which is initially physiological , before further factors favouring the process cause it to take a pathologic course .	[ "So", "far", ",", "necrosis", "of", "the", "lunate", "bone", "has", "been", "interpreted", "in", "the", "literature", "as", "a", "phenomenon", "with", "a", "traumatic", ",", "primarily", "vascular", "-", "arterial", "or", "mechanical", "causation", ".", "The...	[ "umlsterm" ]
DCs is a cell	503_0	Sentence: G Quantification of the mean cell velocity of shIP3R(1,3)A (blue)‐, shIP3R(2,3)B (red)‐, and shIP3R(1,3)C (green)‐silenced immature DCs migrating in micro‐channels. shScramble‐infected DCs were used as a control (gray) (n > 100 cells from three independent experiments for shIP3R(1,3)A and shIP3R(1,3)C and two independent experiments for shIP3R(2,3)B). Boxes illustrate 10-90 percentiles of values, and whiskers represent the range of values. P‐values were calculated using a Kruskal-Wallis test. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: cell	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O"...	G Quantification of the mean cell velocity of shIP3R(1,3)A (blue)‐, shIP3R(2,3)B (red)‐, and shIP3R(1,3)C (green)‐silenced immature DCs migrating in micro‐channels. shScramble‐infected DCs were used as a control (gray) (n > 100 cells from three independent experiments for shIP3R(1,3)A and shIP3R(1,3)C and two independent experiments for shIP3R(2,3)B). Boxes illustrate 10-90 percentiles of values, and whiskers represent the range of values. P‐values were calculated using a Kruskal-Wallis test.	[ "G", "Quantification", "of", "the", "mean", "cell", "velocity", "of", "shIP3R(1,3)A", "(", "blue)‐", ",", "shIP3R(2,3)B", "(", "red)‐", ",", "and", "shIP3R(1,3)C", "(", "green)‐silenced", "immature", "DCs", "migrating", "in", "micro‐channels", ".", "shScramble‐inf...	[ "cell" ]
DCs is a cell	503_1	Sentence: G Quantification of the mean cell velocity of shIP3R(1,3)A (blue)‐, shIP3R(2,3)B (red)‐, and shIP3R(1,3)C (green)‐silenced immature DCs migrating in micro‐channels. shScramble‐infected DCs were used as a control (gray) (n > 100 cells from three independent experiments for shIP3R(1,3)A and shIP3R(1,3)C and two independent experiments for shIP3R(2,3)B). Boxes illustrate 10-90 percentiles of values, and whiskers represent the range of values. P‐values were calculated using a Kruskal-Wallis test. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: DCs Options: cell	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O"...	G Quantification of the mean cell velocity of shIP3R(1,3)A (blue)‐, shIP3R(2,3)B (red)‐, and shIP3R(1,3)C (green)‐silenced immature DCs migrating in micro‐channels. shScramble‐infected DCs were used as a control (gray) (n > 100 cells from three independent experiments for shIP3R(1,3)A and shIP3R(1,3)C and two independent experiments for shIP3R(2,3)B). Boxes illustrate 10-90 percentiles of values, and whiskers represent the range of values. P‐values were calculated using a Kruskal-Wallis test.	[ "G", "Quantification", "of", "the", "mean", "cell", "velocity", "of", "shIP3R(1,3)A", "(", "blue)‐", ",", "shIP3R(2,3)B", "(", "red)‐", ",", "and", "shIP3R(1,3)C", "(", "green)‐silenced", "immature", "DCs", "migrating", "in", "micro‐channels", ".", "shScramble‐inf...	[ "cell" ]
DCs	503_2	Sentence: G Quantification of the mean cell velocity of shIP3R(1,3)A (blue)‐, shIP3R(2,3)B (red)‐, and shIP3R(1,3)C (green)‐silenced immature DCs migrating in micro‐channels. shScramble‐infected DCs were used as a control (gray) (n > 100 cells from three independent experiments for shIP3R(1,3)A and shIP3R(1,3)C and two independent experiments for shIP3R(2,3)B). Boxes illustrate 10-90 percentiles of values, and whiskers represent the range of values. P‐values were calculated using a Kruskal-Wallis test. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O"...	G Quantification of the mean cell velocity of shIP3R(1,3)A (blue)‐, shIP3R(2,3)B (red)‐, and shIP3R(1,3)C (green)‐silenced immature DCs migrating in micro‐channels. shScramble‐infected DCs were used as a control (gray) (n > 100 cells from three independent experiments for shIP3R(1,3)A and shIP3R(1,3)C and two independent experiments for shIP3R(2,3)B). Boxes illustrate 10-90 percentiles of values, and whiskers represent the range of values. P‐values were calculated using a Kruskal-Wallis test.	[ "G", "Quantification", "of", "the", "mean", "cell", "velocity", "of", "shIP3R(1,3)A", "(", "blue)‐", ",", "shIP3R(2,3)B", "(", "red)‐", ",", "and", "shIP3R(1,3)C", "(", "green)‐silenced", "immature", "DCs", "migrating", "in", "micro‐channels", ".", "shScramble‐inf...	[ "cell" ]
patients is a species	39627_0	Sentence: Kaplan-Meier analysis showing cases from the Australian cohort (n = 73) delineated on the basis of expression of a set of hazardous genes, termed PC-1. Patients with the highest expression had a significantly poorer prognosis (red line, median survival: 11.6 months) compared with those patients with the lowest expression (blue line, median survival: 34.4 months, P = 0.01). The black line shows those with medium expression. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: species	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "...	Kaplan-Meier analysis showing cases from the Australian cohort (n = 73) delineated on the basis of expression of a set of hazardous genes, termed PC-1. Patients with the highest expression had a significantly poorer prognosis (red line, median survival: 11.6 months) compared with those patients with the lowest expression (blue line, median survival: 34.4 months, P = 0.01). The black line shows those with medium expression.	[ "Kaplan", "-", "Meier", "analysis", "showing", "cases", "from", "the", "Australian", "cohort", "(", "n", "=", "73", ")", "delineated", "on", "the", "basis", "of", "expression", "of", "a", "set", "of", "hazardous", "genes", ",", "termed", "PC-1", ".", "Pa...	[ "species" ]
patients is a species	39627_1	Sentence: Kaplan-Meier analysis showing cases from the Australian cohort (n = 73) delineated on the basis of expression of a set of hazardous genes, termed PC-1. Patients with the highest expression had a significantly poorer prognosis (red line, median survival: 11.6 months) compared with those patients with the lowest expression (blue line, median survival: 34.4 months, P = 0.01). The black line shows those with medium expression. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: patients Options: species	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "...	Kaplan-Meier analysis showing cases from the Australian cohort (n = 73) delineated on the basis of expression of a set of hazardous genes, termed PC-1. Patients with the highest expression had a significantly poorer prognosis (red line, median survival: 11.6 months) compared with those patients with the lowest expression (blue line, median survival: 34.4 months, P = 0.01). The black line shows those with medium expression.	[ "Kaplan", "-", "Meier", "analysis", "showing", "cases", "from", "the", "Australian", "cohort", "(", "n", "=", "73", ")", "delineated", "on", "the", "basis", "of", "expression", "of", "a", "set", "of", "hazardous", "genes", ",", "termed", "PC-1", ".", "Pa...	[ "species" ]
patients	39627_2	Sentence: Kaplan-Meier analysis showing cases from the Australian cohort (n = 73) delineated on the basis of expression of a set of hazardous genes, termed PC-1. Patients with the highest expression had a significantly poorer prognosis (red line, median survival: 11.6 months) compared with those patients with the lowest expression (blue line, median survival: 34.4 months, P = 0.01). The black line shows those with medium expression. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "...	Kaplan-Meier analysis showing cases from the Australian cohort (n = 73) delineated on the basis of expression of a set of hazardous genes, termed PC-1. Patients with the highest expression had a significantly poorer prognosis (red line, median survival: 11.6 months) compared with those patients with the lowest expression (blue line, median survival: 34.4 months, P = 0.01). The black line shows those with medium expression.	[ "Kaplan", "-", "Meier", "analysis", "showing", "cases", "from", "the", "Australian", "cohort", "(", "n", "=", "73", ")", "delineated", "on", "the", "basis", "of", "expression", "of", "a", "set", "of", "hazardous", "genes", ",", "termed", "PC-1", ".", "Pa...	[ "species" ]
ephedrine is a CHEMICAL, human beta - adrenergic receptor is a GENE-N	10449190_0	Sentence: Direct effects of ephedrine isomers on human beta-adrenergic receptor subtypes. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-N, CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O" ]	Direct effects of ephedrine isomers on human beta-adrenergic receptor subtypes.	[ "Direct", "effects", "of", "ephedrine", "isomers", "on", "human", "beta", "-", "adrenergic", "receptor", "subtypes", "." ]	[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]
ephedrine is a CHEMICAL, human beta - adrenergic receptor is a GENE-N	10449190_1	Sentence: Direct effects of ephedrine isomers on human beta-adrenergic receptor subtypes. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: ephedrine, human beta - adrenergic receptor Options: GENE-N, CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O" ]	Direct effects of ephedrine isomers on human beta-adrenergic receptor subtypes.	[ "Direct", "effects", "of", "ephedrine", "isomers", "on", "human", "beta", "-", "adrenergic", "receptor", "subtypes", "." ]	[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]
ephedrine, human beta - adrenergic receptor	10449190_2	Sentence: Direct effects of ephedrine isomers on human beta-adrenergic receptor subtypes. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O" ]	Direct effects of ephedrine isomers on human beta-adrenergic receptor subtypes.	[ "Direct", "effects", "of", "ephedrine", "isomers", "on", "human", "beta", "-", "adrenergic", "receptor", "subtypes", "." ]	[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]
farbkodierten is an umlsterm, Therapiekontrolle is an umlsterm, Literatur is an umlsterm, Fisteln is an umlsterm, Therapiekontrolle is an umlsterm, Ultraschalltechnologie is an umlsterm, Stenosen is an umlsterm, Diagnosestellung is an umlsterm, Dissektion is an umlsterm, pulssynchron is an umlsterm, Aneurysma is an umlsterm, farbkodierter is an umlsterm, Fisteln is an umlsterm, Diagnose is an umlsterm, farbkodierte is an umlsterm	DerRadiologe.60360001.ger.abstr_0	Sentence: Das diagnostische Potential der farbkodierten Duplexsonographie zur Charakterisierung und Therapiekontrolle extrakranieller vaskulaerer Laesionen wird analysiert anhand eigener Untersuchungen und unter Beruecksichtigung der Literatur . Das Anwendungsspektrum der Farbduplexsonographie umfasst kongenitale Gefaessvariationen , arteriosklerotische Gefaessprozesse , Aneurysmen , arteriovenoese Fisteln und Glomustumoren . Ein neues Anwendungsgebiet ist die Therapiekontrolle endovasaler extrakranieller interventioneller Eingriffe . Klinisch oder untersuchungstechnisch relevante anatomische Variationen wie eine Agenesie der A. carotis interna und Ursprungsvariationen der A. vertebralis werden nichtinvasiv dargestellt . Fortschritte in der Ultraschalltechnologie bieten das Potential , zu einer praeziseren Darstellung der Oberflaechenmorphologie von Plaques und Stenosen beizutragen . Die Diagnosestellung einer Dissektion wird ergaenzt durch den Nachweis einer Dissektionsmembran , eines Doppellumens mit pulssynchron wechselnder Flussrichtung oder Nachweis eines " Reentry " . Die 3 D-Duplexsonographie erleichtert in Verbindung mit der CT-Angiographie die Differenzierung einer erheblichen Bulbusektasie von einem Aneurysma . Mittels farbkodierter Duplexsonographie koennen extrakranielle arteriovenoese Fisteln vielfach lokalisiert und hinsichtlich zu- und abfuehrenden Gefaessen analysiert werden . Ein hoher Vaskularisationsgrad und eine typische Beziehung zur Karotisbifurkation und zur V. jugularis interna gestattet die Diagnose eines Glomus-caroticum- oder Glomus-jugulare-Tumors mit der Farbduplexsonographie . Die farbkodierte Duplexsonographie ist in der Lage , die intravasale Position von Ballons und Kathetern zu bestimmen . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", ...	Das diagnostische Potential der farbkodierten Duplexsonographie zur Charakterisierung und Therapiekontrolle extrakranieller vaskulaerer Laesionen wird analysiert anhand eigener Untersuchungen und unter Beruecksichtigung der Literatur . Das Anwendungsspektrum der Farbduplexsonographie umfasst kongenitale Gefaessvariationen , arteriosklerotische Gefaessprozesse , Aneurysmen , arteriovenoese Fisteln und Glomustumoren . Ein neues Anwendungsgebiet ist die Therapiekontrolle endovasaler extrakranieller interventioneller Eingriffe . Klinisch oder untersuchungstechnisch relevante anatomische Variationen wie eine Agenesie der A. carotis interna und Ursprungsvariationen der A. vertebralis werden nichtinvasiv dargestellt . Fortschritte in der Ultraschalltechnologie bieten das Potential , zu einer praeziseren Darstellung der Oberflaechenmorphologie von Plaques und Stenosen beizutragen . Die Diagnosestellung einer Dissektion wird ergaenzt durch den Nachweis einer Dissektionsmembran , eines Doppellumens mit pulssynchron wechselnder Flussrichtung oder Nachweis eines " Reentry " . Die 3 D-Duplexsonographie erleichtert in Verbindung mit der CT-Angiographie die Differenzierung einer erheblichen Bulbusektasie von einem Aneurysma . Mittels farbkodierter Duplexsonographie koennen extrakranielle arteriovenoese Fisteln vielfach lokalisiert und hinsichtlich zu- und abfuehrenden Gefaessen analysiert werden . Ein hoher Vaskularisationsgrad und eine typische Beziehung zur Karotisbifurkation und zur V. jugularis interna gestattet die Diagnose eines Glomus-caroticum- oder Glomus-jugulare-Tumors mit der Farbduplexsonographie . Die farbkodierte Duplexsonographie ist in der Lage , die intravasale Position von Ballons und Kathetern zu bestimmen .	[ "Das", "diagnostische", "Potential", "der", "farbkodierten", "Duplexsonographie", "zur", "Charakterisierung", "und", "Therapiekontrolle", "extrakranieller", "vaskulaerer", "Laesionen", "wird", "analysiert", "anhand", "eigener", "Untersuchungen", "und", "unter", "Beruecksichti...	[ "umlsterm" ]
farbkodierten is an umlsterm, Therapiekontrolle is an umlsterm, Literatur is an umlsterm, Fisteln is an umlsterm, Therapiekontrolle is an umlsterm, Ultraschalltechnologie is an umlsterm, Stenosen is an umlsterm, Diagnosestellung is an umlsterm, Dissektion is an umlsterm, pulssynchron is an umlsterm, Aneurysma is an umlsterm, farbkodierter is an umlsterm, Fisteln is an umlsterm, Diagnose is an umlsterm, farbkodierte is an umlsterm	DerRadiologe.60360001.ger.abstr_1	Sentence: Das diagnostische Potential der farbkodierten Duplexsonographie zur Charakterisierung und Therapiekontrolle extrakranieller vaskulaerer Laesionen wird analysiert anhand eigener Untersuchungen und unter Beruecksichtigung der Literatur . Das Anwendungsspektrum der Farbduplexsonographie umfasst kongenitale Gefaessvariationen , arteriosklerotische Gefaessprozesse , Aneurysmen , arteriovenoese Fisteln und Glomustumoren . Ein neues Anwendungsgebiet ist die Therapiekontrolle endovasaler extrakranieller interventioneller Eingriffe . Klinisch oder untersuchungstechnisch relevante anatomische Variationen wie eine Agenesie der A. carotis interna und Ursprungsvariationen der A. vertebralis werden nichtinvasiv dargestellt . Fortschritte in der Ultraschalltechnologie bieten das Potential , zu einer praeziseren Darstellung der Oberflaechenmorphologie von Plaques und Stenosen beizutragen . Die Diagnosestellung einer Dissektion wird ergaenzt durch den Nachweis einer Dissektionsmembran , eines Doppellumens mit pulssynchron wechselnder Flussrichtung oder Nachweis eines " Reentry " . Die 3 D-Duplexsonographie erleichtert in Verbindung mit der CT-Angiographie die Differenzierung einer erheblichen Bulbusektasie von einem Aneurysma . Mittels farbkodierter Duplexsonographie koennen extrakranielle arteriovenoese Fisteln vielfach lokalisiert und hinsichtlich zu- und abfuehrenden Gefaessen analysiert werden . Ein hoher Vaskularisationsgrad und eine typische Beziehung zur Karotisbifurkation und zur V. jugularis interna gestattet die Diagnose eines Glomus-caroticum- oder Glomus-jugulare-Tumors mit der Farbduplexsonographie . Die farbkodierte Duplexsonographie ist in der Lage , die intravasale Position von Ballons und Kathetern zu bestimmen . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: farbkodierten, Therapiekontrolle, Literatur, Fisteln, Therapiekontrolle, Ultraschalltechnologie, Stenosen, Diagnosestellung, Dissektion, pulssynchron, Aneurysma, farbkodierter, Fisteln, Diagnose, farbkodierte Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", ...	Das diagnostische Potential der farbkodierten Duplexsonographie zur Charakterisierung und Therapiekontrolle extrakranieller vaskulaerer Laesionen wird analysiert anhand eigener Untersuchungen und unter Beruecksichtigung der Literatur . Das Anwendungsspektrum der Farbduplexsonographie umfasst kongenitale Gefaessvariationen , arteriosklerotische Gefaessprozesse , Aneurysmen , arteriovenoese Fisteln und Glomustumoren . Ein neues Anwendungsgebiet ist die Therapiekontrolle endovasaler extrakranieller interventioneller Eingriffe . Klinisch oder untersuchungstechnisch relevante anatomische Variationen wie eine Agenesie der A. carotis interna und Ursprungsvariationen der A. vertebralis werden nichtinvasiv dargestellt . Fortschritte in der Ultraschalltechnologie bieten das Potential , zu einer praeziseren Darstellung der Oberflaechenmorphologie von Plaques und Stenosen beizutragen . Die Diagnosestellung einer Dissektion wird ergaenzt durch den Nachweis einer Dissektionsmembran , eines Doppellumens mit pulssynchron wechselnder Flussrichtung oder Nachweis eines " Reentry " . Die 3 D-Duplexsonographie erleichtert in Verbindung mit der CT-Angiographie die Differenzierung einer erheblichen Bulbusektasie von einem Aneurysma . Mittels farbkodierter Duplexsonographie koennen extrakranielle arteriovenoese Fisteln vielfach lokalisiert und hinsichtlich zu- und abfuehrenden Gefaessen analysiert werden . Ein hoher Vaskularisationsgrad und eine typische Beziehung zur Karotisbifurkation und zur V. jugularis interna gestattet die Diagnose eines Glomus-caroticum- oder Glomus-jugulare-Tumors mit der Farbduplexsonographie . Die farbkodierte Duplexsonographie ist in der Lage , die intravasale Position von Ballons und Kathetern zu bestimmen .	[ "Das", "diagnostische", "Potential", "der", "farbkodierten", "Duplexsonographie", "zur", "Charakterisierung", "und", "Therapiekontrolle", "extrakranieller", "vaskulaerer", "Laesionen", "wird", "analysiert", "anhand", "eigener", "Untersuchungen", "und", "unter", "Beruecksichti...	[ "umlsterm" ]
farbkodierten, Therapiekontrolle, Literatur, Fisteln, Therapiekontrolle, Ultraschalltechnologie, Stenosen, Diagnosestellung, Dissektion, pulssynchron, Aneurysma, farbkodierter, Fisteln, Diagnose, farbkodierte	DerRadiologe.60360001.ger.abstr_2	Sentence: Das diagnostische Potential der farbkodierten Duplexsonographie zur Charakterisierung und Therapiekontrolle extrakranieller vaskulaerer Laesionen wird analysiert anhand eigener Untersuchungen und unter Beruecksichtigung der Literatur . Das Anwendungsspektrum der Farbduplexsonographie umfasst kongenitale Gefaessvariationen , arteriosklerotische Gefaessprozesse , Aneurysmen , arteriovenoese Fisteln und Glomustumoren . Ein neues Anwendungsgebiet ist die Therapiekontrolle endovasaler extrakranieller interventioneller Eingriffe . Klinisch oder untersuchungstechnisch relevante anatomische Variationen wie eine Agenesie der A. carotis interna und Ursprungsvariationen der A. vertebralis werden nichtinvasiv dargestellt . Fortschritte in der Ultraschalltechnologie bieten das Potential , zu einer praeziseren Darstellung der Oberflaechenmorphologie von Plaques und Stenosen beizutragen . Die Diagnosestellung einer Dissektion wird ergaenzt durch den Nachweis einer Dissektionsmembran , eines Doppellumens mit pulssynchron wechselnder Flussrichtung oder Nachweis eines " Reentry " . Die 3 D-Duplexsonographie erleichtert in Verbindung mit der CT-Angiographie die Differenzierung einer erheblichen Bulbusektasie von einem Aneurysma . Mittels farbkodierter Duplexsonographie koennen extrakranielle arteriovenoese Fisteln vielfach lokalisiert und hinsichtlich zu- und abfuehrenden Gefaessen analysiert werden . Ein hoher Vaskularisationsgrad und eine typische Beziehung zur Karotisbifurkation und zur V. jugularis interna gestattet die Diagnose eines Glomus-caroticum- oder Glomus-jugulare-Tumors mit der Farbduplexsonographie . Die farbkodierte Duplexsonographie ist in der Lage , die intravasale Position von Ballons und Kathetern zu bestimmen . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", ...	Das diagnostische Potential der farbkodierten Duplexsonographie zur Charakterisierung und Therapiekontrolle extrakranieller vaskulaerer Laesionen wird analysiert anhand eigener Untersuchungen und unter Beruecksichtigung der Literatur . Das Anwendungsspektrum der Farbduplexsonographie umfasst kongenitale Gefaessvariationen , arteriosklerotische Gefaessprozesse , Aneurysmen , arteriovenoese Fisteln und Glomustumoren . Ein neues Anwendungsgebiet ist die Therapiekontrolle endovasaler extrakranieller interventioneller Eingriffe . Klinisch oder untersuchungstechnisch relevante anatomische Variationen wie eine Agenesie der A. carotis interna und Ursprungsvariationen der A. vertebralis werden nichtinvasiv dargestellt . Fortschritte in der Ultraschalltechnologie bieten das Potential , zu einer praeziseren Darstellung der Oberflaechenmorphologie von Plaques und Stenosen beizutragen . Die Diagnosestellung einer Dissektion wird ergaenzt durch den Nachweis einer Dissektionsmembran , eines Doppellumens mit pulssynchron wechselnder Flussrichtung oder Nachweis eines " Reentry " . Die 3 D-Duplexsonographie erleichtert in Verbindung mit der CT-Angiographie die Differenzierung einer erheblichen Bulbusektasie von einem Aneurysma . Mittels farbkodierter Duplexsonographie koennen extrakranielle arteriovenoese Fisteln vielfach lokalisiert und hinsichtlich zu- und abfuehrenden Gefaessen analysiert werden . Ein hoher Vaskularisationsgrad und eine typische Beziehung zur Karotisbifurkation und zur V. jugularis interna gestattet die Diagnose eines Glomus-caroticum- oder Glomus-jugulare-Tumors mit der Farbduplexsonographie . Die farbkodierte Duplexsonographie ist in der Lage , die intravasale Position von Ballons und Kathetern zu bestimmen .	[ "Das", "diagnostische", "Potential", "der", "farbkodierten", "Duplexsonographie", "zur", "Charakterisierung", "und", "Therapiekontrolle", "extrakranieller", "vaskulaerer", "Laesionen", "wird", "analysiert", "anhand", "eigener", "Untersuchungen", "und", "unter", "Beruecksichti...	[ "umlsterm" ]
breast and ovarian cancer is a Modifier	7493024_0	Sentence: Germline mutations of the BRCA1 gene in breast and ovarian cancer families provide evidence for a genotype-phenotype correlation. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Modifier	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Modifier", "I-Modifier", "I-Modifier", "I-Modifier", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Germline mutations of the BRCA1 gene in breast and ovarian cancer families provide evidence for a genotype-phenotype correlation.	[ "Germline", "mutations", "of", "the", "BRCA1", "gene", "in", "breast", "and", "ovarian", "cancer", "families", "provide", "evidence", "for", "a", "genotype", "-", "phenotype", "correlation", "." ]	[ "CompositeMention", "Modifier", "SpecificDisease" ]
breast and ovarian cancer is a Modifier	7493024_1	Sentence: Germline mutations of the BRCA1 gene in breast and ovarian cancer families provide evidence for a genotype-phenotype correlation. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: breast and ovarian cancer Options: Modifier	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Modifier", "I-Modifier", "I-Modifier", "I-Modifier", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Germline mutations of the BRCA1 gene in breast and ovarian cancer families provide evidence for a genotype-phenotype correlation.	[ "Germline", "mutations", "of", "the", "BRCA1", "gene", "in", "breast", "and", "ovarian", "cancer", "families", "provide", "evidence", "for", "a", "genotype", "-", "phenotype", "correlation", "." ]	[ "CompositeMention", "Modifier", "SpecificDisease" ]
breast and ovarian cancer	7493024_2	Sentence: Germline mutations of the BRCA1 gene in breast and ovarian cancer families provide evidence for a genotype-phenotype correlation. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Modifier", "I-Modifier", "I-Modifier", "I-Modifier", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Germline mutations of the BRCA1 gene in breast and ovarian cancer families provide evidence for a genotype-phenotype correlation.	[ "Germline", "mutations", "of", "the", "BRCA1", "gene", "in", "breast", "and", "ovarian", "cancer", "families", "provide", "evidence", "for", "a", "genotype", "-", "phenotype", "correlation", "." ]	[ "CompositeMention", "Modifier", "SpecificDisease" ]
ap is a gene	7316_0	Sentence: Induction of UAS constructs and EPs by the ap promoter directed Gal4 expression within the dorsal compartment of the wing imaginal disc: (A) ap-Gal4 control; (B, E, H, J, K) UAS-dS6K; (C, F, I) UAS-S6K1dE/D3E; (D, E, F) DHR3-EP; (G, H, I, K) UAS-DHR3-RNAi and (J) unidirectional DHR3-EP. The bending down of the wing indicates a slight overgrowth of the dorsal compartment, whereas a bending up reveals a slight growth deficit of this compartment. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: gene	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O"...	Induction of UAS constructs and EPs by the ap promoter directed Gal4 expression within the dorsal compartment of the wing imaginal disc: (A) ap-Gal4 control; (B, E, H, J, K) UAS-dS6K; (C, F, I) UAS-S6K1dE/D3E; (D, E, F) DHR3-EP; (G, H, I, K) UAS-DHR3-RNAi and (J) unidirectional DHR3-EP. The bending down of the wing indicates a slight overgrowth of the dorsal compartment, whereas a bending up reveals a slight growth deficit of this compartment.	[ "Induction", "of", "UAS", "constructs", "and", "EPs", "by", "the", "ap", "promoter", "directed", "Gal4", "expression", "within", "the", "dorsal", "compartment", "of", "the", "wing", "imaginal", "disc", ":", "(", "A", ")", "ap", "-", "Gal4", "control", ";",...	[ "gene" ]
ap is a gene	7316_1	Sentence: Induction of UAS constructs and EPs by the ap promoter directed Gal4 expression within the dorsal compartment of the wing imaginal disc: (A) ap-Gal4 control; (B, E, H, J, K) UAS-dS6K; (C, F, I) UAS-S6K1dE/D3E; (D, E, F) DHR3-EP; (G, H, I, K) UAS-DHR3-RNAi and (J) unidirectional DHR3-EP. The bending down of the wing indicates a slight overgrowth of the dorsal compartment, whereas a bending up reveals a slight growth deficit of this compartment. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: ap Options: gene	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O"...	Induction of UAS constructs and EPs by the ap promoter directed Gal4 expression within the dorsal compartment of the wing imaginal disc: (A) ap-Gal4 control; (B, E, H, J, K) UAS-dS6K; (C, F, I) UAS-S6K1dE/D3E; (D, E, F) DHR3-EP; (G, H, I, K) UAS-DHR3-RNAi and (J) unidirectional DHR3-EP. The bending down of the wing indicates a slight overgrowth of the dorsal compartment, whereas a bending up reveals a slight growth deficit of this compartment.	[ "Induction", "of", "UAS", "constructs", "and", "EPs", "by", "the", "ap", "promoter", "directed", "Gal4", "expression", "within", "the", "dorsal", "compartment", "of", "the", "wing", "imaginal", "disc", ":", "(", "A", ")", "ap", "-", "Gal4", "control", ";",...	[ "gene" ]
ap	7316_2	Sentence: Induction of UAS constructs and EPs by the ap promoter directed Gal4 expression within the dorsal compartment of the wing imaginal disc: (A) ap-Gal4 control; (B, E, H, J, K) UAS-dS6K; (C, F, I) UAS-S6K1dE/D3E; (D, E, F) DHR3-EP; (G, H, I, K) UAS-DHR3-RNAi and (J) unidirectional DHR3-EP. The bending down of the wing indicates a slight overgrowth of the dorsal compartment, whereas a bending up reveals a slight growth deficit of this compartment. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-gene", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O"...	Induction of UAS constructs and EPs by the ap promoter directed Gal4 expression within the dorsal compartment of the wing imaginal disc: (A) ap-Gal4 control; (B, E, H, J, K) UAS-dS6K; (C, F, I) UAS-S6K1dE/D3E; (D, E, F) DHR3-EP; (G, H, I, K) UAS-DHR3-RNAi and (J) unidirectional DHR3-EP. The bending down of the wing indicates a slight overgrowth of the dorsal compartment, whereas a bending up reveals a slight growth deficit of this compartment.	[ "Induction", "of", "UAS", "constructs", "and", "EPs", "by", "the", "ap", "promoter", "directed", "Gal4", "expression", "within", "the", "dorsal", "compartment", "of", "the", "wing", "imaginal", "disc", ":", "(", "A", ")", "ap", "-", "Gal4", "control", ";",...	[ "gene" ]
Norepinephrine is a Chemical, cocaine is a Chemical, anxiety is a Disease	8876_0	Sentence: Norepinephrine signaling through beta-adrenergic receptors is critical for expression of cocaine-induced anxiety. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Chemical, Disease	[ "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "O" ]	Norepinephrine signaling through beta-adrenergic receptors is critical for expression of cocaine-induced anxiety.	[ "Norepinephrine", "signaling", "through", "beta", "-", "adrenergic", "receptors", "is", "critical", "for", "expression", "of", "cocaine", "-", "induced", "anxiety", "." ]	[ "Chemical", "Disease" ]
Norepinephrine is a Chemical, cocaine is a Chemical, anxiety is a Disease	8876_1	Sentence: Norepinephrine signaling through beta-adrenergic receptors is critical for expression of cocaine-induced anxiety. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Norepinephrine, cocaine, anxiety Options: Chemical, Disease	[ "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "O" ]	Norepinephrine signaling through beta-adrenergic receptors is critical for expression of cocaine-induced anxiety.	[ "Norepinephrine", "signaling", "through", "beta", "-", "adrenergic", "receptors", "is", "critical", "for", "expression", "of", "cocaine", "-", "induced", "anxiety", "." ]	[ "Chemical", "Disease" ]
Norepinephrine, cocaine, anxiety	8876_2	Sentence: Norepinephrine signaling through beta-adrenergic receptors is critical for expression of cocaine-induced anxiety. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "O" ]	Norepinephrine signaling through beta-adrenergic receptors is critical for expression of cocaine-induced anxiety.	[ "Norepinephrine", "signaling", "through", "beta", "-", "adrenergic", "receptors", "is", "critical", "for", "expression", "of", "cocaine", "-", "induced", "anxiety", "." ]	[ "Chemical", "Disease" ]
Manganese is a Chemical	6638_0	Sentence: Manganese transport via the transferrin mechanism. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Chemical	[ "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Manganese transport via the transferrin mechanism.	[ "Manganese", "transport", "via", "the", "transferrin", "mechanism", "." ]	[ "Chemical" ]
Manganese is a Chemical	6638_1	Sentence: Manganese transport via the transferrin mechanism. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Manganese Options: Chemical	[ "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Manganese transport via the transferrin mechanism.	[ "Manganese", "transport", "via", "the", "transferrin", "mechanism", "." ]	[ "Chemical" ]
Manganese	6638_2	Sentence: Manganese transport via the transferrin mechanism. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Manganese transport via the transferrin mechanism.	[ "Manganese", "transport", "via", "the", "transferrin", "mechanism", "." ]	[ "Chemical" ]
Melatonin is an umlsterm, -adrenerger Rezeptoren is an umlsterm, Hormon is an umlsterm, Hormons is an umlsterm, Melatonin is an umlsterm, Schlaf - Wach - Rhythmus is an umlsterm, Melatonin is an umlsterm, Faehigkeit is an umlsterm, Zellmembranen is an umlsterm, Dermatologie is an umlsterm, Melatonin is an umlsterm, Hauterkrankungen is an umlsterm, Ekzem is an umlsterm, Psoriasis is an umlsterm, malignen Melanom is an umlsterm, Melatonin is an umlsterm, Haarwachstum is an umlsterm, Melatonin is an umlsterm, Ausbildung is an umlsterm, Haut is an umlsterm, Pharmakokinetik is an umlsterm	DerHautarzt.90500005.ger.abstr_0	Sentence: Melatonin ( N-Acetyl-5-Methoxytryptamin) ist ein unter dem Einfluss -adrenerger Rezeptoren von der Glandula pinealis produziertes und sezerniertes Hormon mit vielfaeltigem Wirkungsspektrum . Die Ausschuettung des Hormons folgt einem zirkadianen Rhythmus mit niedrigen , gleichmaessigen Spiegeln tagsueber und einem abendlichen Ansteigen und naechtlichen Peak zwischen 2.00 und 4.00 Uhr . Melatonin beeinflusst den saisonalen Biorhythmus , den Schlaf-Wach-Rhythmus , den Alterungsprozess und moduliert immunbiologische Abwehrfunktionen . Zusaetzlich besitzt Melatonin unabhaengig von einem Rezeptorsystem durch seine starken lipophilen Eigenschaften die Faehigkeit , frei durch Zellmembranen zu diffundieren und im extra- wie intrazellulaeren Raum als Radikalfaenger zu wirken . Die Affinitaet zu dem stark schaedigenden Hydroxylradikal ist besonders gross . In der Dermatologie ergeben sich fuer Melatonin Perspektiven bei einigen Hauterkrankungen wie zum Beispiel dem atopischen Ekzem , der Psoriasis und dem malignen Melanom . Der Einfluss von Melatonin auf das Haarwachstum ist ein weiterer Aspekt . In topischer Anwendung hat Melatonin eine suppressive Wirkung auf die Ausbildung eines UV-Erythems . Ueber die Penetrationseigenschaften durch die Haut und die orale Verfuegbarkeit liegen einige Erkenntnisse vor , die durch weitere Untersuchungen der Pharmakokinetik und Pharmakodynamik ergaenzt werden koennen . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", ...	Melatonin ( N-Acetyl-5-Methoxytryptamin) ist ein unter dem Einfluss -adrenerger Rezeptoren von der Glandula pinealis produziertes und sezerniertes Hormon mit vielfaeltigem Wirkungsspektrum . Die Ausschuettung des Hormons folgt einem zirkadianen Rhythmus mit niedrigen , gleichmaessigen Spiegeln tagsueber und einem abendlichen Ansteigen und naechtlichen Peak zwischen 2.00 und 4.00 Uhr . Melatonin beeinflusst den saisonalen Biorhythmus , den Schlaf-Wach-Rhythmus , den Alterungsprozess und moduliert immunbiologische Abwehrfunktionen . Zusaetzlich besitzt Melatonin unabhaengig von einem Rezeptorsystem durch seine starken lipophilen Eigenschaften die Faehigkeit , frei durch Zellmembranen zu diffundieren und im extra- wie intrazellulaeren Raum als Radikalfaenger zu wirken . Die Affinitaet zu dem stark schaedigenden Hydroxylradikal ist besonders gross . In der Dermatologie ergeben sich fuer Melatonin Perspektiven bei einigen Hauterkrankungen wie zum Beispiel dem atopischen Ekzem , der Psoriasis und dem malignen Melanom . Der Einfluss von Melatonin auf das Haarwachstum ist ein weiterer Aspekt . In topischer Anwendung hat Melatonin eine suppressive Wirkung auf die Ausbildung eines UV-Erythems . Ueber die Penetrationseigenschaften durch die Haut und die orale Verfuegbarkeit liegen einige Erkenntnisse vor , die durch weitere Untersuchungen der Pharmakokinetik und Pharmakodynamik ergaenzt werden koennen .	[ "Melatonin", "(", "N", "-", "Acetyl-5-Methoxytryptamin", ")", "ist", "ein", "unter", "dem", "Einfluss", "-adrenerger", "Rezeptoren", "von", "der", "Glandula", "pinealis", "produziertes", "und", "sezerniertes", "Hormon", "mit", "vielfaeltigem", "Wirkungsspektrum", ".",...	[ "umlsterm" ]
Melatonin is an umlsterm, -adrenerger Rezeptoren is an umlsterm, Hormon is an umlsterm, Hormons is an umlsterm, Melatonin is an umlsterm, Schlaf - Wach - Rhythmus is an umlsterm, Melatonin is an umlsterm, Faehigkeit is an umlsterm, Zellmembranen is an umlsterm, Dermatologie is an umlsterm, Melatonin is an umlsterm, Hauterkrankungen is an umlsterm, Ekzem is an umlsterm, Psoriasis is an umlsterm, malignen Melanom is an umlsterm, Melatonin is an umlsterm, Haarwachstum is an umlsterm, Melatonin is an umlsterm, Ausbildung is an umlsterm, Haut is an umlsterm, Pharmakokinetik is an umlsterm	DerHautarzt.90500005.ger.abstr_1	Sentence: Melatonin ( N-Acetyl-5-Methoxytryptamin) ist ein unter dem Einfluss -adrenerger Rezeptoren von der Glandula pinealis produziertes und sezerniertes Hormon mit vielfaeltigem Wirkungsspektrum . Die Ausschuettung des Hormons folgt einem zirkadianen Rhythmus mit niedrigen , gleichmaessigen Spiegeln tagsueber und einem abendlichen Ansteigen und naechtlichen Peak zwischen 2.00 und 4.00 Uhr . Melatonin beeinflusst den saisonalen Biorhythmus , den Schlaf-Wach-Rhythmus , den Alterungsprozess und moduliert immunbiologische Abwehrfunktionen . Zusaetzlich besitzt Melatonin unabhaengig von einem Rezeptorsystem durch seine starken lipophilen Eigenschaften die Faehigkeit , frei durch Zellmembranen zu diffundieren und im extra- wie intrazellulaeren Raum als Radikalfaenger zu wirken . Die Affinitaet zu dem stark schaedigenden Hydroxylradikal ist besonders gross . In der Dermatologie ergeben sich fuer Melatonin Perspektiven bei einigen Hauterkrankungen wie zum Beispiel dem atopischen Ekzem , der Psoriasis und dem malignen Melanom . Der Einfluss von Melatonin auf das Haarwachstum ist ein weiterer Aspekt . In topischer Anwendung hat Melatonin eine suppressive Wirkung auf die Ausbildung eines UV-Erythems . Ueber die Penetrationseigenschaften durch die Haut und die orale Verfuegbarkeit liegen einige Erkenntnisse vor , die durch weitere Untersuchungen der Pharmakokinetik und Pharmakodynamik ergaenzt werden koennen . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Melatonin, -adrenerger Rezeptoren, Hormon, Hormons, Melatonin, Schlaf - Wach - Rhythmus, Melatonin, Faehigkeit, Zellmembranen, Dermatologie, Melatonin, Hauterkrankungen, Ekzem, Psoriasis, malignen Melanom, Melatonin, Haarwachstum, Melatonin, Ausbildung, Haut, Pharmakokinetik Options: umlsterm	[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", ...	Melatonin ( N-Acetyl-5-Methoxytryptamin) ist ein unter dem Einfluss -adrenerger Rezeptoren von der Glandula pinealis produziertes und sezerniertes Hormon mit vielfaeltigem Wirkungsspektrum . Die Ausschuettung des Hormons folgt einem zirkadianen Rhythmus mit niedrigen , gleichmaessigen Spiegeln tagsueber und einem abendlichen Ansteigen und naechtlichen Peak zwischen 2.00 und 4.00 Uhr . Melatonin beeinflusst den saisonalen Biorhythmus , den Schlaf-Wach-Rhythmus , den Alterungsprozess und moduliert immunbiologische Abwehrfunktionen . Zusaetzlich besitzt Melatonin unabhaengig von einem Rezeptorsystem durch seine starken lipophilen Eigenschaften die Faehigkeit , frei durch Zellmembranen zu diffundieren und im extra- wie intrazellulaeren Raum als Radikalfaenger zu wirken . Die Affinitaet zu dem stark schaedigenden Hydroxylradikal ist besonders gross . In der Dermatologie ergeben sich fuer Melatonin Perspektiven bei einigen Hauterkrankungen wie zum Beispiel dem atopischen Ekzem , der Psoriasis und dem malignen Melanom . Der Einfluss von Melatonin auf das Haarwachstum ist ein weiterer Aspekt . In topischer Anwendung hat Melatonin eine suppressive Wirkung auf die Ausbildung eines UV-Erythems . Ueber die Penetrationseigenschaften durch die Haut und die orale Verfuegbarkeit liegen einige Erkenntnisse vor , die durch weitere Untersuchungen der Pharmakokinetik und Pharmakodynamik ergaenzt werden koennen .	[ "Melatonin", "(", "N", "-", "Acetyl-5-Methoxytryptamin", ")", "ist", "ein", "unter", "dem", "Einfluss", "-adrenerger", "Rezeptoren", "von", "der", "Glandula", "pinealis", "produziertes", "und", "sezerniertes", "Hormon", "mit", "vielfaeltigem", "Wirkungsspektrum", ".",...	[ "umlsterm" ]
Melatonin, -adrenerger Rezeptoren, Hormon, Hormons, Melatonin, Schlaf - Wach - Rhythmus, Melatonin, Faehigkeit, Zellmembranen, Dermatologie, Melatonin, Hauterkrankungen, Ekzem, Psoriasis, malignen Melanom, Melatonin, Haarwachstum, Melatonin, Ausbildung, Haut, Pharmakokinetik	DerHautarzt.90500005.ger.abstr_2	Sentence: Melatonin ( N-Acetyl-5-Methoxytryptamin) ist ein unter dem Einfluss -adrenerger Rezeptoren von der Glandula pinealis produziertes und sezerniertes Hormon mit vielfaeltigem Wirkungsspektrum . Die Ausschuettung des Hormons folgt einem zirkadianen Rhythmus mit niedrigen , gleichmaessigen Spiegeln tagsueber und einem abendlichen Ansteigen und naechtlichen Peak zwischen 2.00 und 4.00 Uhr . Melatonin beeinflusst den saisonalen Biorhythmus , den Schlaf-Wach-Rhythmus , den Alterungsprozess und moduliert immunbiologische Abwehrfunktionen . Zusaetzlich besitzt Melatonin unabhaengig von einem Rezeptorsystem durch seine starken lipophilen Eigenschaften die Faehigkeit , frei durch Zellmembranen zu diffundieren und im extra- wie intrazellulaeren Raum als Radikalfaenger zu wirken . Die Affinitaet zu dem stark schaedigenden Hydroxylradikal ist besonders gross . In der Dermatologie ergeben sich fuer Melatonin Perspektiven bei einigen Hauterkrankungen wie zum Beispiel dem atopischen Ekzem , der Psoriasis und dem malignen Melanom . Der Einfluss von Melatonin auf das Haarwachstum ist ein weiterer Aspekt . In topischer Anwendung hat Melatonin eine suppressive Wirkung auf die Ausbildung eines UV-Erythems . Ueber die Penetrationseigenschaften durch die Haut und die orale Verfuegbarkeit liegen einige Erkenntnisse vor , die durch weitere Untersuchungen der Pharmakokinetik und Pharmakodynamik ergaenzt werden koennen . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", ...	Melatonin ( N-Acetyl-5-Methoxytryptamin) ist ein unter dem Einfluss -adrenerger Rezeptoren von der Glandula pinealis produziertes und sezerniertes Hormon mit vielfaeltigem Wirkungsspektrum . Die Ausschuettung des Hormons folgt einem zirkadianen Rhythmus mit niedrigen , gleichmaessigen Spiegeln tagsueber und einem abendlichen Ansteigen und naechtlichen Peak zwischen 2.00 und 4.00 Uhr . Melatonin beeinflusst den saisonalen Biorhythmus , den Schlaf-Wach-Rhythmus , den Alterungsprozess und moduliert immunbiologische Abwehrfunktionen . Zusaetzlich besitzt Melatonin unabhaengig von einem Rezeptorsystem durch seine starken lipophilen Eigenschaften die Faehigkeit , frei durch Zellmembranen zu diffundieren und im extra- wie intrazellulaeren Raum als Radikalfaenger zu wirken . Die Affinitaet zu dem stark schaedigenden Hydroxylradikal ist besonders gross . In der Dermatologie ergeben sich fuer Melatonin Perspektiven bei einigen Hauterkrankungen wie zum Beispiel dem atopischen Ekzem , der Psoriasis und dem malignen Melanom . Der Einfluss von Melatonin auf das Haarwachstum ist ein weiterer Aspekt . In topischer Anwendung hat Melatonin eine suppressive Wirkung auf die Ausbildung eines UV-Erythems . Ueber die Penetrationseigenschaften durch die Haut und die orale Verfuegbarkeit liegen einige Erkenntnisse vor , die durch weitere Untersuchungen der Pharmakokinetik und Pharmakodynamik ergaenzt werden koennen .	[ "Melatonin", "(", "N", "-", "Acetyl-5-Methoxytryptamin", ")", "ist", "ein", "unter", "dem", "Einfluss", "-adrenerger", "Rezeptoren", "von", "der", "Glandula", "pinealis", "produziertes", "und", "sezerniertes", "Hormon", "mit", "vielfaeltigem", "Wirkungsspektrum", ".",...	[ "umlsterm" ]
mantle cell lymphoma is a DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature	75_0	Sentence: Integrated genomic and expression profiling in mantle cell lymphoma: identification of gene-dosage regulated candidate genes. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature", "I-DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature", "I-DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Integrated genomic and expression profiling in mantle cell lymphoma: identification of gene-dosage regulated candidate genes.	[ "Integrated", "genomic", "and", "expression", "profiling", "in", "mantle", "cell", "lymphoma", ":", "identification", "of", "gene", "-", "dosage", "regulated", "candidate", "genes", "." ]	[ "ChemicalEntity", "DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature", "GeneOrGeneProduct" ]
mantle cell lymphoma is a DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature	75_1	Sentence: Integrated genomic and expression profiling in mantle cell lymphoma: identification of gene-dosage regulated candidate genes. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: mantle cell lymphoma Options: DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature", "I-DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature", "I-DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Integrated genomic and expression profiling in mantle cell lymphoma: identification of gene-dosage regulated candidate genes.	[ "Integrated", "genomic", "and", "expression", "profiling", "in", "mantle", "cell", "lymphoma", ":", "identification", "of", "gene", "-", "dosage", "regulated", "candidate", "genes", "." ]	[ "ChemicalEntity", "DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature", "GeneOrGeneProduct" ]
mantle cell lymphoma	75_2	Sentence: Integrated genomic and expression profiling in mantle cell lymphoma: identification of gene-dosage regulated candidate genes. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature", "I-DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature", "I-DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Integrated genomic and expression profiling in mantle cell lymphoma: identification of gene-dosage regulated candidate genes.	[ "Integrated", "genomic", "and", "expression", "profiling", "in", "mantle", "cell", "lymphoma", ":", "identification", "of", "gene", "-", "dosage", "regulated", "candidate", "genes", "." ]	[ "ChemicalEntity", "DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature", "GeneOrGeneProduct" ]
ghrelin receptor is a GENE-Y, TZP-101 is a CHEMICAL	17436082_0	Sentence: Prokinetic effects of a new ghrelin receptor agonist TZP-101 in a rat model of postoperative ileus. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: CHEMICAL, GENE-Y	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Prokinetic effects of a new ghrelin receptor agonist TZP-101 in a rat model of postoperative ileus.	[ "Prokinetic", "effects", "of", "a", "new", "ghrelin", "receptor", "agonist", "TZP-101", "in", "a", "rat", "model", "of", "postoperative", "ileus", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]
ghrelin receptor is a GENE-Y, TZP-101 is a CHEMICAL	17436082_1	Sentence: Prokinetic effects of a new ghrelin receptor agonist TZP-101 in a rat model of postoperative ileus. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: ghrelin receptor, TZP-101 Options: CHEMICAL, GENE-Y	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Prokinetic effects of a new ghrelin receptor agonist TZP-101 in a rat model of postoperative ileus.	[ "Prokinetic", "effects", "of", "a", "new", "ghrelin", "receptor", "agonist", "TZP-101", "in", "a", "rat", "model", "of", "postoperative", "ileus", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]
ghrelin receptor, TZP-101	17436082_2	Sentence: Prokinetic effects of a new ghrelin receptor agonist TZP-101 in a rat model of postoperative ileus. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Prokinetic effects of a new ghrelin receptor agonist TZP-101 in a rat model of postoperative ileus.	[ "Prokinetic", "effects", "of", "a", "new", "ghrelin", "receptor", "agonist", "TZP-101", "in", "a", "rat", "model", "of", "postoperative", "ileus", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL" ]
naltrindole is a CHEMICAL, κ - opioid receptor is a GENE-Y, κ - opioid receptor is a GENE-Y, 5'-(2-aminomethyl ) naltrindole is a CHEMICAL, 5'-AMN is a CHEMICAL, N-((Naltrindol-5-yl ) methyl ) pentanimidamide is a CHEMICAL, 5'-MABN is a CHEMICAL, naltrindole is a CHEMICAL, Opioid receptor is a GENE-N, [ ( 3)H]-diprenorphine is a CHEMICAL, guanosine-5'-O-(3-[35S]-thio ) triphosphate is a CHEMICAL, [ ( 35)S]-GTPγS is a CHEMICAL, 5'-AMN is a CHEMICAL, 5'-MABN is a CHEMICAL, 5'-AMN is a CHEMICAL, 5'-MABN is a CHEMICAL, κ - receptors is a GENE-Y, μ - receptor is a GENE-Y, 5'-AMN is a CHEMICAL, 5'-MABN is a CHEMICAL, U50,488 is a CHEMICAL, 5'-AMN is a CHEMICAL, 5'-MABN is a CHEMICAL	29616_0	Sentence: In vivo and in vitro characterization of naltrindole-derived ligands at the κ-opioid receptor. Accumulating evidence supports a role for κ-opioid receptor antagonists in the treatment of mood disorders. Standard κ-antagonists have an unusual pharmacodynamic action, with a single injection blocking receptor signaling for several weeks. Here, we have characterized the κ-selective properties of two ligands, 5'-(2-aminomethyl) naltrindole (5'-AMN) and N-((Naltrindol-5-yl) methyl) pentanimidamide (5'-MABN), to identify whether modifications of the naltrindole side chain produces short-acting κ-antagonists. Opioid receptor binding affinity and activity were assessed using [(3)H]-diprenorphine binding, guanosine-5'-O-(3-[35S]-thio) triphosphate ([(35)S]-GTPγS) binding and isolated guinea-pig ileum. Pharmacodynamic profiles of 5'-AMN and 5'-MABN (1-10 mg/kg) were investigated using the tail-withdrawal assay and diuresis. Efficacy was also determined in depression- and anxiety-related behavioral paradigms in CD-1 mice. Both 5'-AMN and 5'-MABN had high affinity for κ-receptors (K (i) 1.36 ± 0.98 and 0.27 ± 0.08, respectively) and were revealed as potent κ-antagonists (pA(2) 7.43 and 8.18, respectively) and μ-receptor antagonists (pA(2) 7.62 and 7.85, respectively) in the ileum. Contrary to our hypothesis, in vivo, 5'-AMN and 5'-MABN displayed long-lasting antagonist effects in mice, reducing the antinociceptive actions of U50,488 (10 mg/kg) at 28 and 21 days post-injection, respectively. Interestingly, while 5'-AMN and 5'-MABN were not κ-selective, both compounds did show significant antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects at 7-14 days post-injection in mice. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-N, CHEMICAL, GENE-Y	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", ...	In vivo and in vitro characterization of naltrindole-derived ligands at the κ-opioid receptor. Accumulating evidence supports a role for κ-opioid receptor antagonists in the treatment of mood disorders. Standard κ-antagonists have an unusual pharmacodynamic action, with a single injection blocking receptor signaling for several weeks. Here, we have characterized the κ-selective properties of two ligands, 5'-(2-aminomethyl) naltrindole (5'-AMN) and N-((Naltrindol-5-yl) methyl) pentanimidamide (5'-MABN), to identify whether modifications of the naltrindole side chain produces short-acting κ-antagonists. Opioid receptor binding affinity and activity were assessed using [(3)H]-diprenorphine binding, guanosine-5'-O-(3-[35S]-thio) triphosphate ([(35)S]-GTPγS) binding and isolated guinea-pig ileum. Pharmacodynamic profiles of 5'-AMN and 5'-MABN (1-10 mg/kg) were investigated using the tail-withdrawal assay and diuresis. Efficacy was also determined in depression- and anxiety-related behavioral paradigms in CD-1 mice. Both 5'-AMN and 5'-MABN had high affinity for κ-receptors (K (i) 1.36 ± 0.98 and 0.27 ± 0.08, respectively) and were revealed as potent κ-antagonists (pA(2) 7.43 and 8.18, respectively) and μ-receptor antagonists (pA(2) 7.62 and 7.85, respectively) in the ileum. Contrary to our hypothesis, in vivo, 5'-AMN and 5'-MABN displayed long-lasting antagonist effects in mice, reducing the antinociceptive actions of U50,488 (10 mg/kg) at 28 and 21 days post-injection, respectively. Interestingly, while 5'-AMN and 5'-MABN were not κ-selective, both compounds did show significant antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects at 7-14 days post-injection in mice.	[ "In", "vivo", "and", "in", "vitro", "characterization", "of", "naltrindole", "-", "derived", "ligands", "at", "the", "κ", "-", "opioid", "receptor", ".", "\n", "Accumulating", "evidence", "supports", "a", "role", "for", "κ", "-", "opioid", "receptor", "antag...	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]
naltrindole is a CHEMICAL, κ - opioid receptor is a GENE-Y, κ - opioid receptor is a GENE-Y, 5'-(2-aminomethyl ) naltrindole is a CHEMICAL, 5'-AMN is a CHEMICAL, N-((Naltrindol-5-yl ) methyl ) pentanimidamide is a CHEMICAL, 5'-MABN is a CHEMICAL, naltrindole is a CHEMICAL, Opioid receptor is a GENE-N, [ ( 3)H]-diprenorphine is a CHEMICAL, guanosine-5'-O-(3-[35S]-thio ) triphosphate is a CHEMICAL, [ ( 35)S]-GTPγS is a CHEMICAL, 5'-AMN is a CHEMICAL, 5'-MABN is a CHEMICAL, 5'-AMN is a CHEMICAL, 5'-MABN is a CHEMICAL, κ - receptors is a GENE-Y, μ - receptor is a GENE-Y, 5'-AMN is a CHEMICAL, 5'-MABN is a CHEMICAL, U50,488 is a CHEMICAL, 5'-AMN is a CHEMICAL, 5'-MABN is a CHEMICAL	29616_1	Sentence: In vivo and in vitro characterization of naltrindole-derived ligands at the κ-opioid receptor. Accumulating evidence supports a role for κ-opioid receptor antagonists in the treatment of mood disorders. Standard κ-antagonists have an unusual pharmacodynamic action, with a single injection blocking receptor signaling for several weeks. Here, we have characterized the κ-selective properties of two ligands, 5'-(2-aminomethyl) naltrindole (5'-AMN) and N-((Naltrindol-5-yl) methyl) pentanimidamide (5'-MABN), to identify whether modifications of the naltrindole side chain produces short-acting κ-antagonists. Opioid receptor binding affinity and activity were assessed using [(3)H]-diprenorphine binding, guanosine-5'-O-(3-[35S]-thio) triphosphate ([(35)S]-GTPγS) binding and isolated guinea-pig ileum. Pharmacodynamic profiles of 5'-AMN and 5'-MABN (1-10 mg/kg) were investigated using the tail-withdrawal assay and diuresis. Efficacy was also determined in depression- and anxiety-related behavioral paradigms in CD-1 mice. Both 5'-AMN and 5'-MABN had high affinity for κ-receptors (K (i) 1.36 ± 0.98 and 0.27 ± 0.08, respectively) and were revealed as potent κ-antagonists (pA(2) 7.43 and 8.18, respectively) and μ-receptor antagonists (pA(2) 7.62 and 7.85, respectively) in the ileum. Contrary to our hypothesis, in vivo, 5'-AMN and 5'-MABN displayed long-lasting antagonist effects in mice, reducing the antinociceptive actions of U50,488 (10 mg/kg) at 28 and 21 days post-injection, respectively. Interestingly, while 5'-AMN and 5'-MABN were not κ-selective, both compounds did show significant antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects at 7-14 days post-injection in mice. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: naltrindole, κ - opioid receptor, κ - opioid receptor, 5'-(2-aminomethyl ) naltrindole, 5'-AMN, N-((Naltrindol-5-yl ) methyl ) pentanimidamide, 5'-MABN, naltrindole, Opioid receptor, [ ( 3)H]-diprenorphine, guanosine-5'-O-(3-[35S]-thio ) triphosphate, [ ( 35)S]-GTPγS, 5'-AMN, 5'-MABN, 5'-AMN, 5'-MABN, κ - receptors, μ - receptor, 5'-AMN, 5'-MABN, U50,488, 5'-AMN, 5'-MABN Options: GENE-N, CHEMICAL, GENE-Y	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", ...	In vivo and in vitro characterization of naltrindole-derived ligands at the κ-opioid receptor. Accumulating evidence supports a role for κ-opioid receptor antagonists in the treatment of mood disorders. Standard κ-antagonists have an unusual pharmacodynamic action, with a single injection blocking receptor signaling for several weeks. Here, we have characterized the κ-selective properties of two ligands, 5'-(2-aminomethyl) naltrindole (5'-AMN) and N-((Naltrindol-5-yl) methyl) pentanimidamide (5'-MABN), to identify whether modifications of the naltrindole side chain produces short-acting κ-antagonists. Opioid receptor binding affinity and activity were assessed using [(3)H]-diprenorphine binding, guanosine-5'-O-(3-[35S]-thio) triphosphate ([(35)S]-GTPγS) binding and isolated guinea-pig ileum. Pharmacodynamic profiles of 5'-AMN and 5'-MABN (1-10 mg/kg) were investigated using the tail-withdrawal assay and diuresis. Efficacy was also determined in depression- and anxiety-related behavioral paradigms in CD-1 mice. Both 5'-AMN and 5'-MABN had high affinity for κ-receptors (K (i) 1.36 ± 0.98 and 0.27 ± 0.08, respectively) and were revealed as potent κ-antagonists (pA(2) 7.43 and 8.18, respectively) and μ-receptor antagonists (pA(2) 7.62 and 7.85, respectively) in the ileum. Contrary to our hypothesis, in vivo, 5'-AMN and 5'-MABN displayed long-lasting antagonist effects in mice, reducing the antinociceptive actions of U50,488 (10 mg/kg) at 28 and 21 days post-injection, respectively. Interestingly, while 5'-AMN and 5'-MABN were not κ-selective, both compounds did show significant antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects at 7-14 days post-injection in mice.	[ "In", "vivo", "and", "in", "vitro", "characterization", "of", "naltrindole", "-", "derived", "ligands", "at", "the", "κ", "-", "opioid", "receptor", ".", "\n", "Accumulating", "evidence", "supports", "a", "role", "for", "κ", "-", "opioid", "receptor", "antag...	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]
naltrindole, κ - opioid receptor, κ - opioid receptor, 5'-(2-aminomethyl ) naltrindole, 5'-AMN, N-((Naltrindol-5-yl ) methyl ) pentanimidamide, 5'-MABN, naltrindole, Opioid receptor, [ ( 3)H]-diprenorphine, guanosine-5'-O-(3-[35S]-thio ) triphosphate, [ ( 35)S]-GTPγS, 5'-AMN, 5'-MABN, 5'-AMN, 5'-MABN, κ - receptors, μ - receptor, 5'-AMN, 5'-MABN, U50,488, 5'-AMN, 5'-MABN	29616_2	Sentence: In vivo and in vitro characterization of naltrindole-derived ligands at the κ-opioid receptor. Accumulating evidence supports a role for κ-opioid receptor antagonists in the treatment of mood disorders. Standard κ-antagonists have an unusual pharmacodynamic action, with a single injection blocking receptor signaling for several weeks. Here, we have characterized the κ-selective properties of two ligands, 5'-(2-aminomethyl) naltrindole (5'-AMN) and N-((Naltrindol-5-yl) methyl) pentanimidamide (5'-MABN), to identify whether modifications of the naltrindole side chain produces short-acting κ-antagonists. Opioid receptor binding affinity and activity were assessed using [(3)H]-diprenorphine binding, guanosine-5'-O-(3-[35S]-thio) triphosphate ([(35)S]-GTPγS) binding and isolated guinea-pig ileum. Pharmacodynamic profiles of 5'-AMN and 5'-MABN (1-10 mg/kg) were investigated using the tail-withdrawal assay and diuresis. Efficacy was also determined in depression- and anxiety-related behavioral paradigms in CD-1 mice. Both 5'-AMN and 5'-MABN had high affinity for κ-receptors (K (i) 1.36 ± 0.98 and 0.27 ± 0.08, respectively) and were revealed as potent κ-antagonists (pA(2) 7.43 and 8.18, respectively) and μ-receptor antagonists (pA(2) 7.62 and 7.85, respectively) in the ileum. Contrary to our hypothesis, in vivo, 5'-AMN and 5'-MABN displayed long-lasting antagonist effects in mice, reducing the antinociceptive actions of U50,488 (10 mg/kg) at 28 and 21 days post-injection, respectively. Interestingly, while 5'-AMN and 5'-MABN were not κ-selective, both compounds did show significant antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects at 7-14 days post-injection in mice. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", ...	In vivo and in vitro characterization of naltrindole-derived ligands at the κ-opioid receptor. Accumulating evidence supports a role for κ-opioid receptor antagonists in the treatment of mood disorders. Standard κ-antagonists have an unusual pharmacodynamic action, with a single injection blocking receptor signaling for several weeks. Here, we have characterized the κ-selective properties of two ligands, 5'-(2-aminomethyl) naltrindole (5'-AMN) and N-((Naltrindol-5-yl) methyl) pentanimidamide (5'-MABN), to identify whether modifications of the naltrindole side chain produces short-acting κ-antagonists. Opioid receptor binding affinity and activity were assessed using [(3)H]-diprenorphine binding, guanosine-5'-O-(3-[35S]-thio) triphosphate ([(35)S]-GTPγS) binding and isolated guinea-pig ileum. Pharmacodynamic profiles of 5'-AMN and 5'-MABN (1-10 mg/kg) were investigated using the tail-withdrawal assay and diuresis. Efficacy was also determined in depression- and anxiety-related behavioral paradigms in CD-1 mice. Both 5'-AMN and 5'-MABN had high affinity for κ-receptors (K (i) 1.36 ± 0.98 and 0.27 ± 0.08, respectively) and were revealed as potent κ-antagonists (pA(2) 7.43 and 8.18, respectively) and μ-receptor antagonists (pA(2) 7.62 and 7.85, respectively) in the ileum. Contrary to our hypothesis, in vivo, 5'-AMN and 5'-MABN displayed long-lasting antagonist effects in mice, reducing the antinociceptive actions of U50,488 (10 mg/kg) at 28 and 21 days post-injection, respectively. Interestingly, while 5'-AMN and 5'-MABN were not κ-selective, both compounds did show significant antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects at 7-14 days post-injection in mice.	[ "In", "vivo", "and", "in", "vitro", "characterization", "of", "naltrindole", "-", "derived", "ligands", "at", "the", "κ", "-", "opioid", "receptor", ".", "\n", "Accumulating", "evidence", "supports", "a", "role", "for", "κ", "-", "opioid", "receptor", "antag...	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]
Chirurgie is an umlsterm, Schultergelenk is an umlsterm, Chirurgie is an umlsterm, Gelenkfreilegung is an umlsterm, Techniken is an umlsterm, Spezialisierung is an umlsterm, Arthroskopie is an umlsterm, Rotatorenmanschette is an umlsterm, Schulterinstabilitaet is an umlsterm, Technik is an umlsterm, Schultererstluxation is an umlsterm, Arthroskopie is an umlsterm, rheumatoiden Arthritis is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Arthroskopie is an umlsterm, Dekompression is an umlsterm, ASD is an umlsterm, Morbiditaet is an umlsterm, ASD is an umlsterm	DerChirurg.70681085.ger.abstr_0	Sentence: Zusammenfassung . Die arthroskopische Chirurgie am Schultergelenk ist heute ein unerlaesslicher Partner der offenen Chirurgie und hat zum Teil die klassischen Verfahren der Gelenkfreilegung voellig ersetzt . Umgekehrt ist eine auf allein arthroskopischen Techniken ausgelegte Spezialisierung unvollstaendig und niemals in der Lage , den Gesamtbereich abzudecken . Beide Verfahren muessen kompetent miteinander verbunden werden . Die rein diagnostische Arthroskopie beschraenkt sich auf Einzelfaelle , sollte aber vor allen offenen Eingriffen an der Rotatorenmanschette und bei komplexen Instabilitaeten durchgefuehrt werden . Bei der chronisch rezidivierenden vorderen Schulterinstabilitaet haben die arthroskopischen Verfahren noch nicht die Ergebnisse offener Stabilisierung erreicht . Es ist weniger eine Frage der arthroskopischen Technik als vielmehr die der korrekten Einschaetzung der Operabilitaet , welche das etwaige Versagen der geschlossenen Stabilisierung erklaert . Die traumatische Schultererstluxation wird dagegen heute mit gutem Erfolg primaer arthroskopisch versorgt , hier liegt ein zukuenftiger Behandlungsschwerpunkt . Weitere Einsatzmoeglichkeiten fuer die Arthroskopie im Glenohumeralraum finden sich in der Fruehphase der rheumatoiden Arthritis ( Fruehsynovektomie ) und beim Fruehinfekt ( Gelenkdébridement ) . Neue arthroskopische Behandlungsansaetze sind bei der " frozen shoulder " und bei Verletzungen der langen Bizepssehne im Einsatz . Im Subacromialraum , der fuer die Arthroskopie gut zugaenglich ist , kommen die meisten arthroskopischen Eingriffe zur Anwendung . Die arthroskopische subacromiale Dekompression ( ASD ) hat dabei die konventionelle Acromioplastik hinsichtlich Morbiditaet und klinischer Resultate uebertroffen . Die Kalkausraeumung laesst sich wesentlich schonender und genauso zuverlaessig arthroskopisch als offen durchfuehren . Auch die AC-Gelenkresektion bei der AC-Arthrose wird bevorzugt arthroskopisch durchgefuehrt . Wenngleich in einigen Zentren arthroskopisch im Test , so ist die Rotatorenmanschettenrekonstruktion eine Domaene der klassisch offenen Verfahren . Beim " mini-open repair " kombiniert man die ASD mit der offenen Sehnennaht und kann so den Zugang deutlich verkleinern . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O"...	Zusammenfassung . Die arthroskopische Chirurgie am Schultergelenk ist heute ein unerlaesslicher Partner der offenen Chirurgie und hat zum Teil die klassischen Verfahren der Gelenkfreilegung voellig ersetzt . Umgekehrt ist eine auf allein arthroskopischen Techniken ausgelegte Spezialisierung unvollstaendig und niemals in der Lage , den Gesamtbereich abzudecken . Beide Verfahren muessen kompetent miteinander verbunden werden . Die rein diagnostische Arthroskopie beschraenkt sich auf Einzelfaelle , sollte aber vor allen offenen Eingriffen an der Rotatorenmanschette und bei komplexen Instabilitaeten durchgefuehrt werden . Bei der chronisch rezidivierenden vorderen Schulterinstabilitaet haben die arthroskopischen Verfahren noch nicht die Ergebnisse offener Stabilisierung erreicht . Es ist weniger eine Frage der arthroskopischen Technik als vielmehr die der korrekten Einschaetzung der Operabilitaet , welche das etwaige Versagen der geschlossenen Stabilisierung erklaert . Die traumatische Schultererstluxation wird dagegen heute mit gutem Erfolg primaer arthroskopisch versorgt , hier liegt ein zukuenftiger Behandlungsschwerpunkt . Weitere Einsatzmoeglichkeiten fuer die Arthroskopie im Glenohumeralraum finden sich in der Fruehphase der rheumatoiden Arthritis ( Fruehsynovektomie ) und beim Fruehinfekt ( Gelenkdébridement ) . Neue arthroskopische Behandlungsansaetze sind bei der " frozen shoulder " und bei Verletzungen der langen Bizepssehne im Einsatz . Im Subacromialraum , der fuer die Arthroskopie gut zugaenglich ist , kommen die meisten arthroskopischen Eingriffe zur Anwendung . Die arthroskopische subacromiale Dekompression ( ASD ) hat dabei die konventionelle Acromioplastik hinsichtlich Morbiditaet und klinischer Resultate uebertroffen . Die Kalkausraeumung laesst sich wesentlich schonender und genauso zuverlaessig arthroskopisch als offen durchfuehren . Auch die AC-Gelenkresektion bei der AC-Arthrose wird bevorzugt arthroskopisch durchgefuehrt . Wenngleich in einigen Zentren arthroskopisch im Test , so ist die Rotatorenmanschettenrekonstruktion eine Domaene der klassisch offenen Verfahren . Beim " mini-open repair " kombiniert man die ASD mit der offenen Sehnennaht und kann so den Zugang deutlich verkleinern .	[ "Zusammenfassung", ".", "Die", "arthroskopische", "Chirurgie", "am", "Schultergelenk", "ist", "heute", "ein", "unerlaesslicher", "Partner", "der", "offenen", "Chirurgie", "und", "hat", "zum", "Teil", "die", "klassischen", "Verfahren", "der", "Gelenkfreilegung", "voell...	[ "umlsterm" ]
Chirurgie is an umlsterm, Schultergelenk is an umlsterm, Chirurgie is an umlsterm, Gelenkfreilegung is an umlsterm, Techniken is an umlsterm, Spezialisierung is an umlsterm, Arthroskopie is an umlsterm, Rotatorenmanschette is an umlsterm, Schulterinstabilitaet is an umlsterm, Technik is an umlsterm, Schultererstluxation is an umlsterm, Arthroskopie is an umlsterm, rheumatoiden Arthritis is an umlsterm, Verletzungen is an umlsterm, Arthroskopie is an umlsterm, Dekompression is an umlsterm, ASD is an umlsterm, Morbiditaet is an umlsterm, ASD is an umlsterm	DerChirurg.70681085.ger.abstr_1	Sentence: Zusammenfassung . Die arthroskopische Chirurgie am Schultergelenk ist heute ein unerlaesslicher Partner der offenen Chirurgie und hat zum Teil die klassischen Verfahren der Gelenkfreilegung voellig ersetzt . Umgekehrt ist eine auf allein arthroskopischen Techniken ausgelegte Spezialisierung unvollstaendig und niemals in der Lage , den Gesamtbereich abzudecken . Beide Verfahren muessen kompetent miteinander verbunden werden . Die rein diagnostische Arthroskopie beschraenkt sich auf Einzelfaelle , sollte aber vor allen offenen Eingriffen an der Rotatorenmanschette und bei komplexen Instabilitaeten durchgefuehrt werden . Bei der chronisch rezidivierenden vorderen Schulterinstabilitaet haben die arthroskopischen Verfahren noch nicht die Ergebnisse offener Stabilisierung erreicht . Es ist weniger eine Frage der arthroskopischen Technik als vielmehr die der korrekten Einschaetzung der Operabilitaet , welche das etwaige Versagen der geschlossenen Stabilisierung erklaert . Die traumatische Schultererstluxation wird dagegen heute mit gutem Erfolg primaer arthroskopisch versorgt , hier liegt ein zukuenftiger Behandlungsschwerpunkt . Weitere Einsatzmoeglichkeiten fuer die Arthroskopie im Glenohumeralraum finden sich in der Fruehphase der rheumatoiden Arthritis ( Fruehsynovektomie ) und beim Fruehinfekt ( Gelenkdébridement ) . Neue arthroskopische Behandlungsansaetze sind bei der " frozen shoulder " und bei Verletzungen der langen Bizepssehne im Einsatz . Im Subacromialraum , der fuer die Arthroskopie gut zugaenglich ist , kommen die meisten arthroskopischen Eingriffe zur Anwendung . Die arthroskopische subacromiale Dekompression ( ASD ) hat dabei die konventionelle Acromioplastik hinsichtlich Morbiditaet und klinischer Resultate uebertroffen . Die Kalkausraeumung laesst sich wesentlich schonender und genauso zuverlaessig arthroskopisch als offen durchfuehren . Auch die AC-Gelenkresektion bei der AC-Arthrose wird bevorzugt arthroskopisch durchgefuehrt . Wenngleich in einigen Zentren arthroskopisch im Test , so ist die Rotatorenmanschettenrekonstruktion eine Domaene der klassisch offenen Verfahren . Beim " mini-open repair " kombiniert man die ASD mit der offenen Sehnennaht und kann so den Zugang deutlich verkleinern . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Chirurgie, Schultergelenk, Chirurgie, Gelenkfreilegung, Techniken, Spezialisierung, Arthroskopie, Rotatorenmanschette, Schulterinstabilitaet, Technik, Schultererstluxation, Arthroskopie, rheumatoiden Arthritis, Verletzungen, Arthroskopie, Dekompression, ASD, Morbiditaet, ASD Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O"...	Zusammenfassung . Die arthroskopische Chirurgie am Schultergelenk ist heute ein unerlaesslicher Partner der offenen Chirurgie und hat zum Teil die klassischen Verfahren der Gelenkfreilegung voellig ersetzt . Umgekehrt ist eine auf allein arthroskopischen Techniken ausgelegte Spezialisierung unvollstaendig und niemals in der Lage , den Gesamtbereich abzudecken . Beide Verfahren muessen kompetent miteinander verbunden werden . Die rein diagnostische Arthroskopie beschraenkt sich auf Einzelfaelle , sollte aber vor allen offenen Eingriffen an der Rotatorenmanschette und bei komplexen Instabilitaeten durchgefuehrt werden . Bei der chronisch rezidivierenden vorderen Schulterinstabilitaet haben die arthroskopischen Verfahren noch nicht die Ergebnisse offener Stabilisierung erreicht . Es ist weniger eine Frage der arthroskopischen Technik als vielmehr die der korrekten Einschaetzung der Operabilitaet , welche das etwaige Versagen der geschlossenen Stabilisierung erklaert . Die traumatische Schultererstluxation wird dagegen heute mit gutem Erfolg primaer arthroskopisch versorgt , hier liegt ein zukuenftiger Behandlungsschwerpunkt . Weitere Einsatzmoeglichkeiten fuer die Arthroskopie im Glenohumeralraum finden sich in der Fruehphase der rheumatoiden Arthritis ( Fruehsynovektomie ) und beim Fruehinfekt ( Gelenkdébridement ) . Neue arthroskopische Behandlungsansaetze sind bei der " frozen shoulder " und bei Verletzungen der langen Bizepssehne im Einsatz . Im Subacromialraum , der fuer die Arthroskopie gut zugaenglich ist , kommen die meisten arthroskopischen Eingriffe zur Anwendung . Die arthroskopische subacromiale Dekompression ( ASD ) hat dabei die konventionelle Acromioplastik hinsichtlich Morbiditaet und klinischer Resultate uebertroffen . Die Kalkausraeumung laesst sich wesentlich schonender und genauso zuverlaessig arthroskopisch als offen durchfuehren . Auch die AC-Gelenkresektion bei der AC-Arthrose wird bevorzugt arthroskopisch durchgefuehrt . Wenngleich in einigen Zentren arthroskopisch im Test , so ist die Rotatorenmanschettenrekonstruktion eine Domaene der klassisch offenen Verfahren . Beim " mini-open repair " kombiniert man die ASD mit der offenen Sehnennaht und kann so den Zugang deutlich verkleinern .	[ "Zusammenfassung", ".", "Die", "arthroskopische", "Chirurgie", "am", "Schultergelenk", "ist", "heute", "ein", "unerlaesslicher", "Partner", "der", "offenen", "Chirurgie", "und", "hat", "zum", "Teil", "die", "klassischen", "Verfahren", "der", "Gelenkfreilegung", "voell...	[ "umlsterm" ]
Chirurgie, Schultergelenk, Chirurgie, Gelenkfreilegung, Techniken, Spezialisierung, Arthroskopie, Rotatorenmanschette, Schulterinstabilitaet, Technik, Schultererstluxation, Arthroskopie, rheumatoiden Arthritis, Verletzungen, Arthroskopie, Dekompression, ASD, Morbiditaet, ASD	DerChirurg.70681085.ger.abstr_2	Sentence: Zusammenfassung . Die arthroskopische Chirurgie am Schultergelenk ist heute ein unerlaesslicher Partner der offenen Chirurgie und hat zum Teil die klassischen Verfahren der Gelenkfreilegung voellig ersetzt . Umgekehrt ist eine auf allein arthroskopischen Techniken ausgelegte Spezialisierung unvollstaendig und niemals in der Lage , den Gesamtbereich abzudecken . Beide Verfahren muessen kompetent miteinander verbunden werden . Die rein diagnostische Arthroskopie beschraenkt sich auf Einzelfaelle , sollte aber vor allen offenen Eingriffen an der Rotatorenmanschette und bei komplexen Instabilitaeten durchgefuehrt werden . Bei der chronisch rezidivierenden vorderen Schulterinstabilitaet haben die arthroskopischen Verfahren noch nicht die Ergebnisse offener Stabilisierung erreicht . Es ist weniger eine Frage der arthroskopischen Technik als vielmehr die der korrekten Einschaetzung der Operabilitaet , welche das etwaige Versagen der geschlossenen Stabilisierung erklaert . Die traumatische Schultererstluxation wird dagegen heute mit gutem Erfolg primaer arthroskopisch versorgt , hier liegt ein zukuenftiger Behandlungsschwerpunkt . Weitere Einsatzmoeglichkeiten fuer die Arthroskopie im Glenohumeralraum finden sich in der Fruehphase der rheumatoiden Arthritis ( Fruehsynovektomie ) und beim Fruehinfekt ( Gelenkdébridement ) . Neue arthroskopische Behandlungsansaetze sind bei der " frozen shoulder " und bei Verletzungen der langen Bizepssehne im Einsatz . Im Subacromialraum , der fuer die Arthroskopie gut zugaenglich ist , kommen die meisten arthroskopischen Eingriffe zur Anwendung . Die arthroskopische subacromiale Dekompression ( ASD ) hat dabei die konventionelle Acromioplastik hinsichtlich Morbiditaet und klinischer Resultate uebertroffen . Die Kalkausraeumung laesst sich wesentlich schonender und genauso zuverlaessig arthroskopisch als offen durchfuehren . Auch die AC-Gelenkresektion bei der AC-Arthrose wird bevorzugt arthroskopisch durchgefuehrt . Wenngleich in einigen Zentren arthroskopisch im Test , so ist die Rotatorenmanschettenrekonstruktion eine Domaene der klassisch offenen Verfahren . Beim " mini-open repair " kombiniert man die ASD mit der offenen Sehnennaht und kann so den Zugang deutlich verkleinern . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O"...	Zusammenfassung . Die arthroskopische Chirurgie am Schultergelenk ist heute ein unerlaesslicher Partner der offenen Chirurgie und hat zum Teil die klassischen Verfahren der Gelenkfreilegung voellig ersetzt . Umgekehrt ist eine auf allein arthroskopischen Techniken ausgelegte Spezialisierung unvollstaendig und niemals in der Lage , den Gesamtbereich abzudecken . Beide Verfahren muessen kompetent miteinander verbunden werden . Die rein diagnostische Arthroskopie beschraenkt sich auf Einzelfaelle , sollte aber vor allen offenen Eingriffen an der Rotatorenmanschette und bei komplexen Instabilitaeten durchgefuehrt werden . Bei der chronisch rezidivierenden vorderen Schulterinstabilitaet haben die arthroskopischen Verfahren noch nicht die Ergebnisse offener Stabilisierung erreicht . Es ist weniger eine Frage der arthroskopischen Technik als vielmehr die der korrekten Einschaetzung der Operabilitaet , welche das etwaige Versagen der geschlossenen Stabilisierung erklaert . Die traumatische Schultererstluxation wird dagegen heute mit gutem Erfolg primaer arthroskopisch versorgt , hier liegt ein zukuenftiger Behandlungsschwerpunkt . Weitere Einsatzmoeglichkeiten fuer die Arthroskopie im Glenohumeralraum finden sich in der Fruehphase der rheumatoiden Arthritis ( Fruehsynovektomie ) und beim Fruehinfekt ( Gelenkdébridement ) . Neue arthroskopische Behandlungsansaetze sind bei der " frozen shoulder " und bei Verletzungen der langen Bizepssehne im Einsatz . Im Subacromialraum , der fuer die Arthroskopie gut zugaenglich ist , kommen die meisten arthroskopischen Eingriffe zur Anwendung . Die arthroskopische subacromiale Dekompression ( ASD ) hat dabei die konventionelle Acromioplastik hinsichtlich Morbiditaet und klinischer Resultate uebertroffen . Die Kalkausraeumung laesst sich wesentlich schonender und genauso zuverlaessig arthroskopisch als offen durchfuehren . Auch die AC-Gelenkresektion bei der AC-Arthrose wird bevorzugt arthroskopisch durchgefuehrt . Wenngleich in einigen Zentren arthroskopisch im Test , so ist die Rotatorenmanschettenrekonstruktion eine Domaene der klassisch offenen Verfahren . Beim " mini-open repair " kombiniert man die ASD mit der offenen Sehnennaht und kann so den Zugang deutlich verkleinern .	[ "Zusammenfassung", ".", "Die", "arthroskopische", "Chirurgie", "am", "Schultergelenk", "ist", "heute", "ein", "unerlaesslicher", "Partner", "der", "offenen", "Chirurgie", "und", "hat", "zum", "Teil", "die", "klassischen", "Verfahren", "der", "Gelenkfreilegung", "voell...	[ "umlsterm" ]
4-(thiazol-5-yl)-2-(phenylamino)pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile is a CHEMICAL, CDK9 is a GENE-Y	23252711_0	Sentence: Comparative structural and functional studies of 4-(thiazol-5-yl)-2-(phenylamino)pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile CDK9 inhibitors suggest the basis for isotype selectivity. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: CHEMICAL, GENE-Y	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Comparative structural and functional studies of 4-(thiazol-5-yl)-2-(phenylamino)pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile CDK9 inhibitors suggest the basis for isotype selectivity.	[ "Comparative", "structural", "and", "functional", "studies", "of", "4-(thiazol-5-yl)-2-(phenylamino)pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile", "CDK9", "inhibitors", "suggest", "the", "basis", "for", "isotype", "selectivity", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]
4-(thiazol-5-yl)-2-(phenylamino)pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile is a CHEMICAL, CDK9 is a GENE-Y	23252711_1	Sentence: Comparative structural and functional studies of 4-(thiazol-5-yl)-2-(phenylamino)pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile CDK9 inhibitors suggest the basis for isotype selectivity. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: 4-(thiazol-5-yl)-2-(phenylamino)pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile, CDK9 Options: CHEMICAL, GENE-Y	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Comparative structural and functional studies of 4-(thiazol-5-yl)-2-(phenylamino)pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile CDK9 inhibitors suggest the basis for isotype selectivity.	[ "Comparative", "structural", "and", "functional", "studies", "of", "4-(thiazol-5-yl)-2-(phenylamino)pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile", "CDK9", "inhibitors", "suggest", "the", "basis", "for", "isotype", "selectivity", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]
4-(thiazol-5-yl)-2-(phenylamino)pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile, CDK9	23252711_2	Sentence: Comparative structural and functional studies of 4-(thiazol-5-yl)-2-(phenylamino)pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile CDK9 inhibitors suggest the basis for isotype selectivity. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Comparative structural and functional studies of 4-(thiazol-5-yl)-2-(phenylamino)pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile CDK9 inhibitors suggest the basis for isotype selectivity.	[ "Comparative", "structural", "and", "functional", "studies", "of", "4-(thiazol-5-yl)-2-(phenylamino)pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile", "CDK9", "inhibitors", "suggest", "the", "basis", "for", "isotype", "selectivity", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]
actin is a Individual_protein, profilin is a Individual_protein, actin is a Individual_protein, actin is a Individual_protein	283_0	Sentence: To test these models in living cells using imaging techniques, we prepared a new fluorescent analog of actin that bound profilin, a protein that interacts with phosphoinositides and actin-monomers in a mutually exclusive manner, with an order of magnitude greater affinity (Kd = 3.6 microM) than cys-374-labeled actin (Kd > 30 microM), yet retained the ability to inhibit DNase I. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Individual_protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", ...	To test these models in living cells using imaging techniques, we prepared a new fluorescent analog of actin that bound profilin, a protein that interacts with phosphoinositides and actin-monomers in a mutually exclusive manner, with an order of magnitude greater affinity (Kd = 3.6 microM) than cys-374-labeled actin (Kd > 30 microM), yet retained the ability to inhibit DNase I.	[ "To", "test", "these", "models", "in", "living", "cells", "using", "imaging", "techniques", ",", "we", "prepared", "a", "new", "fluorescent", "analog", "of", "actin", "that", "bound", "profilin", ",", "a", "protein", "that", "interacts", "with", "phosphoinosit...	[ "Individual_protein" ]
actin is a Individual_protein, profilin is a Individual_protein, actin is a Individual_protein, actin is a Individual_protein	283_1	Sentence: To test these models in living cells using imaging techniques, we prepared a new fluorescent analog of actin that bound profilin, a protein that interacts with phosphoinositides and actin-monomers in a mutually exclusive manner, with an order of magnitude greater affinity (Kd = 3.6 microM) than cys-374-labeled actin (Kd > 30 microM), yet retained the ability to inhibit DNase I. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: actin, profilin, actin, actin Options: Individual_protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", ...	To test these models in living cells using imaging techniques, we prepared a new fluorescent analog of actin that bound profilin, a protein that interacts with phosphoinositides and actin-monomers in a mutually exclusive manner, with an order of magnitude greater affinity (Kd = 3.6 microM) than cys-374-labeled actin (Kd > 30 microM), yet retained the ability to inhibit DNase I.	[ "To", "test", "these", "models", "in", "living", "cells", "using", "imaging", "techniques", ",", "we", "prepared", "a", "new", "fluorescent", "analog", "of", "actin", "that", "bound", "profilin", ",", "a", "protein", "that", "interacts", "with", "phosphoinosit...	[ "Individual_protein" ]
actin, profilin, actin, actin	283_2	Sentence: To test these models in living cells using imaging techniques, we prepared a new fluorescent analog of actin that bound profilin, a protein that interacts with phosphoinositides and actin-monomers in a mutually exclusive manner, with an order of magnitude greater affinity (Kd = 3.6 microM) than cys-374-labeled actin (Kd > 30 microM), yet retained the ability to inhibit DNase I. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", ...	To test these models in living cells using imaging techniques, we prepared a new fluorescent analog of actin that bound profilin, a protein that interacts with phosphoinositides and actin-monomers in a mutually exclusive manner, with an order of magnitude greater affinity (Kd = 3.6 microM) than cys-374-labeled actin (Kd > 30 microM), yet retained the ability to inhibit DNase I.	[ "To", "test", "these", "models", "in", "living", "cells", "using", "imaging", "techniques", ",", "we", "prepared", "a", "new", "fluorescent", "analog", "of", "actin", "that", "bound", "profilin", ",", "a", "protein", "that", "interacts", "with", "phosphoinosit...	[ "Individual_protein" ]
stage is an umlsterm, macular degeneration is an umlsterm, choroidal neovascularization is an umlsterm, laser coagulation is an umlsterm, retinal is an umlsterm, visual acuity is an umlsterm, pathological process is an umlsterm, Photodynamic therapy is an umlsterm, PDT is an umlsterm, thrombosis is an umlsterm, retina is an umlsterm, Pilot studies is an umlsterm, retinal is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, photoreceptor is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, PDT is an umlsterm, thrombosis is an umlsterm, multicenter trial is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, control is an umlsterm, PDT is an umlsterm, PDT is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, prognosis is an umlsterm	DerOpthalmologe.80950725.eng.abstr_0	Sentence: The exudative stage of age-related macular degeneration ( AMD ) with choroidal neovascularization ( CNV ) commonly leads to rapidly progressive visual loss . Conventional laser coagulation with its unspecific destruction of the CNV , including adjacent retinal structures , often causes an additional reduction in visual acuity , particularly in cases with central localization of the pathological process . Photodynamic therapy ( PDT ) induces selective occlusion of CNV via light-induced pharmacological thrombosis without any damage to the retina in the macular area . Pilot studies have demonstrated complete occlusion of CNV with subsequent restoration of retinal function . Even repeated application was not associated with any alteration of the photoreceptor layer . The treatment strategy in PDT consists of repetitive thrombosis of CNV with progressive occlusion of the exudative lesion adjusted to the angiographic appearance . A randomized multicenter trial is currently underway and is evaluating the long-term visual results documented in 609 patients with subfoveal CNV who underwent control and eventual PDT at 3-month intervals . If PDT proves to be beneficial , an easy and non-invasive treatment modality could be offerted to numerous patients who demonstrated occult classic CNV and are otherwise facing an extremely poor prognosis . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "...	The exudative stage of age-related macular degeneration ( AMD ) with choroidal neovascularization ( CNV ) commonly leads to rapidly progressive visual loss . Conventional laser coagulation with its unspecific destruction of the CNV , including adjacent retinal structures , often causes an additional reduction in visual acuity , particularly in cases with central localization of the pathological process . Photodynamic therapy ( PDT ) induces selective occlusion of CNV via light-induced pharmacological thrombosis without any damage to the retina in the macular area . Pilot studies have demonstrated complete occlusion of CNV with subsequent restoration of retinal function . Even repeated application was not associated with any alteration of the photoreceptor layer . The treatment strategy in PDT consists of repetitive thrombosis of CNV with progressive occlusion of the exudative lesion adjusted to the angiographic appearance . A randomized multicenter trial is currently underway and is evaluating the long-term visual results documented in 609 patients with subfoveal CNV who underwent control and eventual PDT at 3-month intervals . If PDT proves to be beneficial , an easy and non-invasive treatment modality could be offerted to numerous patients who demonstrated occult classic CNV and are otherwise facing an extremely poor prognosis .	[ "The", "exudative", "stage", "of", "age", "-", "related", "macular", "degeneration", "(", "AMD", ")", "with", "choroidal", "neovascularization", "(", "CNV", ")", "commonly", "leads", "to", "rapidly", "progressive", "visual", "loss", ".", "Conventional", "laser",...	[ "umlsterm" ]
stage is an umlsterm, macular degeneration is an umlsterm, choroidal neovascularization is an umlsterm, laser coagulation is an umlsterm, retinal is an umlsterm, visual acuity is an umlsterm, pathological process is an umlsterm, Photodynamic therapy is an umlsterm, PDT is an umlsterm, thrombosis is an umlsterm, retina is an umlsterm, Pilot studies is an umlsterm, retinal is an umlsterm, function is an umlsterm, photoreceptor is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, PDT is an umlsterm, thrombosis is an umlsterm, multicenter trial is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, control is an umlsterm, PDT is an umlsterm, PDT is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, prognosis is an umlsterm	DerOpthalmologe.80950725.eng.abstr_1	Sentence: The exudative stage of age-related macular degeneration ( AMD ) with choroidal neovascularization ( CNV ) commonly leads to rapidly progressive visual loss . Conventional laser coagulation with its unspecific destruction of the CNV , including adjacent retinal structures , often causes an additional reduction in visual acuity , particularly in cases with central localization of the pathological process . Photodynamic therapy ( PDT ) induces selective occlusion of CNV via light-induced pharmacological thrombosis without any damage to the retina in the macular area . Pilot studies have demonstrated complete occlusion of CNV with subsequent restoration of retinal function . Even repeated application was not associated with any alteration of the photoreceptor layer . The treatment strategy in PDT consists of repetitive thrombosis of CNV with progressive occlusion of the exudative lesion adjusted to the angiographic appearance . A randomized multicenter trial is currently underway and is evaluating the long-term visual results documented in 609 patients with subfoveal CNV who underwent control and eventual PDT at 3-month intervals . If PDT proves to be beneficial , an easy and non-invasive treatment modality could be offerted to numerous patients who demonstrated occult classic CNV and are otherwise facing an extremely poor prognosis . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: stage, macular degeneration, choroidal neovascularization, laser coagulation, retinal, visual acuity, pathological process, Photodynamic therapy, PDT, thrombosis, retina, Pilot studies, retinal, function, photoreceptor, treatment, PDT, thrombosis, multicenter trial, patients, control, PDT, PDT, treatment, patients, prognosis Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "...	The exudative stage of age-related macular degeneration ( AMD ) with choroidal neovascularization ( CNV ) commonly leads to rapidly progressive visual loss . Conventional laser coagulation with its unspecific destruction of the CNV , including adjacent retinal structures , often causes an additional reduction in visual acuity , particularly in cases with central localization of the pathological process . Photodynamic therapy ( PDT ) induces selective occlusion of CNV via light-induced pharmacological thrombosis without any damage to the retina in the macular area . Pilot studies have demonstrated complete occlusion of CNV with subsequent restoration of retinal function . Even repeated application was not associated with any alteration of the photoreceptor layer . The treatment strategy in PDT consists of repetitive thrombosis of CNV with progressive occlusion of the exudative lesion adjusted to the angiographic appearance . A randomized multicenter trial is currently underway and is evaluating the long-term visual results documented in 609 patients with subfoveal CNV who underwent control and eventual PDT at 3-month intervals . If PDT proves to be beneficial , an easy and non-invasive treatment modality could be offerted to numerous patients who demonstrated occult classic CNV and are otherwise facing an extremely poor prognosis .	[ "The", "exudative", "stage", "of", "age", "-", "related", "macular", "degeneration", "(", "AMD", ")", "with", "choroidal", "neovascularization", "(", "CNV", ")", "commonly", "leads", "to", "rapidly", "progressive", "visual", "loss", ".", "Conventional", "laser",...	[ "umlsterm" ]
stage, macular degeneration, choroidal neovascularization, laser coagulation, retinal, visual acuity, pathological process, Photodynamic therapy, PDT, thrombosis, retina, Pilot studies, retinal, function, photoreceptor, treatment, PDT, thrombosis, multicenter trial, patients, control, PDT, PDT, treatment, patients, prognosis	DerOpthalmologe.80950725.eng.abstr_2	Sentence: The exudative stage of age-related macular degeneration ( AMD ) with choroidal neovascularization ( CNV ) commonly leads to rapidly progressive visual loss . Conventional laser coagulation with its unspecific destruction of the CNV , including adjacent retinal structures , often causes an additional reduction in visual acuity , particularly in cases with central localization of the pathological process . Photodynamic therapy ( PDT ) induces selective occlusion of CNV via light-induced pharmacological thrombosis without any damage to the retina in the macular area . Pilot studies have demonstrated complete occlusion of CNV with subsequent restoration of retinal function . Even repeated application was not associated with any alteration of the photoreceptor layer . The treatment strategy in PDT consists of repetitive thrombosis of CNV with progressive occlusion of the exudative lesion adjusted to the angiographic appearance . A randomized multicenter trial is currently underway and is evaluating the long-term visual results documented in 609 patients with subfoveal CNV who underwent control and eventual PDT at 3-month intervals . If PDT proves to be beneficial , an easy and non-invasive treatment modality could be offerted to numerous patients who demonstrated occult classic CNV and are otherwise facing an extremely poor prognosis . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "...	The exudative stage of age-related macular degeneration ( AMD ) with choroidal neovascularization ( CNV ) commonly leads to rapidly progressive visual loss . Conventional laser coagulation with its unspecific destruction of the CNV , including adjacent retinal structures , often causes an additional reduction in visual acuity , particularly in cases with central localization of the pathological process . Photodynamic therapy ( PDT ) induces selective occlusion of CNV via light-induced pharmacological thrombosis without any damage to the retina in the macular area . Pilot studies have demonstrated complete occlusion of CNV with subsequent restoration of retinal function . Even repeated application was not associated with any alteration of the photoreceptor layer . The treatment strategy in PDT consists of repetitive thrombosis of CNV with progressive occlusion of the exudative lesion adjusted to the angiographic appearance . A randomized multicenter trial is currently underway and is evaluating the long-term visual results documented in 609 patients with subfoveal CNV who underwent control and eventual PDT at 3-month intervals . If PDT proves to be beneficial , an easy and non-invasive treatment modality could be offerted to numerous patients who demonstrated occult classic CNV and are otherwise facing an extremely poor prognosis .	[ "The", "exudative", "stage", "of", "age", "-", "related", "macular", "degeneration", "(", "AMD", ")", "with", "choroidal", "neovascularization", "(", "CNV", ")", "commonly", "leads", "to", "rapidly", "progressive", "visual", "loss", ".", "Conventional", "laser",...	[ "umlsterm" ]
AKR1B1 is a GENE-Y, AKR1B10 is a GENE-Y	23146748_0	Sentence: Decreased levels of AKR1B1 and AKR1B10 in cancerous endometrium compared to adjacent non-cancerous tissue. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Decreased levels of AKR1B1 and AKR1B10 in cancerous endometrium compared to adjacent non-cancerous tissue.	[ "Decreased", "levels", "of", "AKR1B1", "and", "AKR1B10", "in", "cancerous", "endometrium", "compared", "to", "adjacent", "non", "-", "cancerous", "tissue", "." ]	[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]
AKR1B1 is a GENE-Y, AKR1B10 is a GENE-Y	23146748_1	Sentence: Decreased levels of AKR1B1 and AKR1B10 in cancerous endometrium compared to adjacent non-cancerous tissue. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: AKR1B1, AKR1B10 Options: GENE-Y	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Decreased levels of AKR1B1 and AKR1B10 in cancerous endometrium compared to adjacent non-cancerous tissue.	[ "Decreased", "levels", "of", "AKR1B1", "and", "AKR1B10", "in", "cancerous", "endometrium", "compared", "to", "adjacent", "non", "-", "cancerous", "tissue", "." ]	[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]
AKR1B1, AKR1B10	23146748_2	Sentence: Decreased levels of AKR1B1 and AKR1B10 in cancerous endometrium compared to adjacent non-cancerous tissue. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Decreased levels of AKR1B1 and AKR1B10 in cancerous endometrium compared to adjacent non-cancerous tissue.	[ "Decreased", "levels", "of", "AKR1B1", "and", "AKR1B10", "in", "cancerous", "endometrium", "compared", "to", "adjacent", "non", "-", "cancerous", "tissue", "." ]	[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]
Tat is a Protein, Tat is a Protein, Tat is a Protein, Tat is a Protein, Tat is a Protein, Tat is a Protein, Tat is a Protein	8189531_0	Sentence: Central nervous system-derived cells express a kappa B-binding activity that enhances human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transcription in vitro and facilitates TAR-independent transactivation by Tat. The Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a potent activator of long terminal repeat-directed transcription. While in most cell types, activation requires interaction of Tat with the unusual transcription element TAR, astrocytic glial cells support TAR-independent transactivation of HIV-1 transcription by Tat. This alternative pathway of Tat activation is mediated by the viral enhancer, a kappa B domain capable of binding the prototypical form of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) present in many cell types, including T lymphocytes. Tat transactivation mediated by the kappa B domain is sufficient to allow replication of TAR-deleted mutant HIV-1 in astrocytes. The present study demonstrates the existence of kappa B-specific binding factors present in human glial astrocytes that differ from prototypical NF-kappa B. The novel astrocyte-derived kappa B-binding activity is retained on an HIV-1 Tat affinity column, while prototypical NF-kappa B from Jurkat T cells is not. In vitro transcription studies demonstrate that astrocyte-derived kappa B-binding factors activate transcription of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat and that this activation is dependent on the kappa B domain. Moreover, TAR-independent transactivation of HIV-1 transcription is reproduced in vitro in an astrocyte factor-dependent manner which correlates with kappa B-binding activity. The importance of the central nervous system-enriched kappa B transcription factor in the regulation of HIV-1 expression is discussed. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", ...	Central nervous system-derived cells express a kappa B-binding activity that enhances human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transcription in vitro and facilitates TAR-independent transactivation by Tat. The Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a potent activator of long terminal repeat-directed transcription. While in most cell types, activation requires interaction of Tat with the unusual transcription element TAR, astrocytic glial cells support TAR-independent transactivation of HIV-1 transcription by Tat. This alternative pathway of Tat activation is mediated by the viral enhancer, a kappa B domain capable of binding the prototypical form of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) present in many cell types, including T lymphocytes. Tat transactivation mediated by the kappa B domain is sufficient to allow replication of TAR-deleted mutant HIV-1 in astrocytes. The present study demonstrates the existence of kappa B-specific binding factors present in human glial astrocytes that differ from prototypical NF-kappa B. The novel astrocyte-derived kappa B-binding activity is retained on an HIV-1 Tat affinity column, while prototypical NF-kappa B from Jurkat T cells is not. In vitro transcription studies demonstrate that astrocyte-derived kappa B-binding factors activate transcription of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat and that this activation is dependent on the kappa B domain. Moreover, TAR-independent transactivation of HIV-1 transcription is reproduced in vitro in an astrocyte factor-dependent manner which correlates with kappa B-binding activity. The importance of the central nervous system-enriched kappa B transcription factor in the regulation of HIV-1 expression is discussed.	[ "Central", "nervous", "system", "-", "derived", "cells", "express", "a", "kappa", "B", "-", "binding", "activity", "that", "enhances", "human", "immunodeficiency", "virus", "type", "1", "transcription", "in", "vitro", "and", "facilitates", "TAR", "-", "independe...	[ "Protein" ]
Tat is a Protein, Tat is a Protein, Tat is a Protein, Tat is a Protein, Tat is a Protein, Tat is a Protein, Tat is a Protein	8189531_1	Sentence: Central nervous system-derived cells express a kappa B-binding activity that enhances human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transcription in vitro and facilitates TAR-independent transactivation by Tat. The Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a potent activator of long terminal repeat-directed transcription. While in most cell types, activation requires interaction of Tat with the unusual transcription element TAR, astrocytic glial cells support TAR-independent transactivation of HIV-1 transcription by Tat. This alternative pathway of Tat activation is mediated by the viral enhancer, a kappa B domain capable of binding the prototypical form of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) present in many cell types, including T lymphocytes. Tat transactivation mediated by the kappa B domain is sufficient to allow replication of TAR-deleted mutant HIV-1 in astrocytes. The present study demonstrates the existence of kappa B-specific binding factors present in human glial astrocytes that differ from prototypical NF-kappa B. The novel astrocyte-derived kappa B-binding activity is retained on an HIV-1 Tat affinity column, while prototypical NF-kappa B from Jurkat T cells is not. In vitro transcription studies demonstrate that astrocyte-derived kappa B-binding factors activate transcription of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat and that this activation is dependent on the kappa B domain. Moreover, TAR-independent transactivation of HIV-1 transcription is reproduced in vitro in an astrocyte factor-dependent manner which correlates with kappa B-binding activity. The importance of the central nervous system-enriched kappa B transcription factor in the regulation of HIV-1 expression is discussed. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Tat, Tat, Tat, Tat, Tat, Tat, Tat Options: Protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", ...	Central nervous system-derived cells express a kappa B-binding activity that enhances human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transcription in vitro and facilitates TAR-independent transactivation by Tat. The Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a potent activator of long terminal repeat-directed transcription. While in most cell types, activation requires interaction of Tat with the unusual transcription element TAR, astrocytic glial cells support TAR-independent transactivation of HIV-1 transcription by Tat. This alternative pathway of Tat activation is mediated by the viral enhancer, a kappa B domain capable of binding the prototypical form of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) present in many cell types, including T lymphocytes. Tat transactivation mediated by the kappa B domain is sufficient to allow replication of TAR-deleted mutant HIV-1 in astrocytes. The present study demonstrates the existence of kappa B-specific binding factors present in human glial astrocytes that differ from prototypical NF-kappa B. The novel astrocyte-derived kappa B-binding activity is retained on an HIV-1 Tat affinity column, while prototypical NF-kappa B from Jurkat T cells is not. In vitro transcription studies demonstrate that astrocyte-derived kappa B-binding factors activate transcription of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat and that this activation is dependent on the kappa B domain. Moreover, TAR-independent transactivation of HIV-1 transcription is reproduced in vitro in an astrocyte factor-dependent manner which correlates with kappa B-binding activity. The importance of the central nervous system-enriched kappa B transcription factor in the regulation of HIV-1 expression is discussed.	[ "Central", "nervous", "system", "-", "derived", "cells", "express", "a", "kappa", "B", "-", "binding", "activity", "that", "enhances", "human", "immunodeficiency", "virus", "type", "1", "transcription", "in", "vitro", "and", "facilitates", "TAR", "-", "independe...	[ "Protein" ]
Tat, Tat, Tat, Tat, Tat, Tat, Tat	8189531_2	Sentence: Central nervous system-derived cells express a kappa B-binding activity that enhances human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transcription in vitro and facilitates TAR-independent transactivation by Tat. The Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a potent activator of long terminal repeat-directed transcription. While in most cell types, activation requires interaction of Tat with the unusual transcription element TAR, astrocytic glial cells support TAR-independent transactivation of HIV-1 transcription by Tat. This alternative pathway of Tat activation is mediated by the viral enhancer, a kappa B domain capable of binding the prototypical form of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) present in many cell types, including T lymphocytes. Tat transactivation mediated by the kappa B domain is sufficient to allow replication of TAR-deleted mutant HIV-1 in astrocytes. The present study demonstrates the existence of kappa B-specific binding factors present in human glial astrocytes that differ from prototypical NF-kappa B. The novel astrocyte-derived kappa B-binding activity is retained on an HIV-1 Tat affinity column, while prototypical NF-kappa B from Jurkat T cells is not. In vitro transcription studies demonstrate that astrocyte-derived kappa B-binding factors activate transcription of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat and that this activation is dependent on the kappa B domain. Moreover, TAR-independent transactivation of HIV-1 transcription is reproduced in vitro in an astrocyte factor-dependent manner which correlates with kappa B-binding activity. The importance of the central nervous system-enriched kappa B transcription factor in the regulation of HIV-1 expression is discussed. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", ...	Central nervous system-derived cells express a kappa B-binding activity that enhances human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transcription in vitro and facilitates TAR-independent transactivation by Tat. The Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a potent activator of long terminal repeat-directed transcription. While in most cell types, activation requires interaction of Tat with the unusual transcription element TAR, astrocytic glial cells support TAR-independent transactivation of HIV-1 transcription by Tat. This alternative pathway of Tat activation is mediated by the viral enhancer, a kappa B domain capable of binding the prototypical form of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) present in many cell types, including T lymphocytes. Tat transactivation mediated by the kappa B domain is sufficient to allow replication of TAR-deleted mutant HIV-1 in astrocytes. The present study demonstrates the existence of kappa B-specific binding factors present in human glial astrocytes that differ from prototypical NF-kappa B. The novel astrocyte-derived kappa B-binding activity is retained on an HIV-1 Tat affinity column, while prototypical NF-kappa B from Jurkat T cells is not. In vitro transcription studies demonstrate that astrocyte-derived kappa B-binding factors activate transcription of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat and that this activation is dependent on the kappa B domain. Moreover, TAR-independent transactivation of HIV-1 transcription is reproduced in vitro in an astrocyte factor-dependent manner which correlates with kappa B-binding activity. The importance of the central nervous system-enriched kappa B transcription factor in the regulation of HIV-1 expression is discussed.	[ "Central", "nervous", "system", "-", "derived", "cells", "express", "a", "kappa", "B", "-", "binding", "activity", "that", "enhances", "human", "immunodeficiency", "virus", "type", "1", "transcription", "in", "vitro", "and", "facilitates", "TAR", "-", "independe...	[ "Protein" ]
IL-2 receptor alpha - chain is a Protein, protein kinase C - independent mechanism is a Entity, IL-2 is a Protein, IL-2R alpha is a Protein, IL-2R alpha is a Protein, IL-2R alpha is a Protein, IL-2R alpha is a Protein, IL-2R alpha is a Protein, IL-2R alpha is a Protein, IL-2R alpha is a Protein, IL-2R alpha is a Protein	7622191_0	Sentence: Thapsigargin induces IL-2 receptor alpha-chain in human peripheral and Jurkat T cells via a protein kinase C-independent mechanism. Thapsigargin (TG), an inhibitor of Ca(2+)-ATPase, depletes intracellular Ca2+ stores and induces a sustained Ca2+ influx without altering phosphatidyl inositol levels. TG plus phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) but not TG alone induced IL-2 in Jurkat T cells, suggesting that TG had no effect on protein kinase C (PKC). However, TG induced increases in IL-2R alpha protein as well as IL-2R alpha mRNA in Jurkat T cells in a dose-dependent manner. A similar increase in IL-2R alpha by TG was also observed in human peripheral T cells. Further, like PMA, TG markedly induced NF kappa B in Jurkat T cells. However, TG and PMA exhibited a synergistic action on IL-2R alpha expression, suggesting that TG and PMA induce IL-2R alpha through distinct pathways. PMA- but not TG-induced IL-2R alpha is inhibited by the PKC inhibitor H7, whereas TG- but not PMA-induced IL-2R alpha was inhibited by cholera toxin, forskolin and 1,9-dideoxy forskolin. In toto, these results suggest that TG induces IL-2R alpha in human T cells through a PKC-independent pathway. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Entity, Protein	[ "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O"...	Thapsigargin induces IL-2 receptor alpha-chain in human peripheral and Jurkat T cells via a protein kinase C-independent mechanism. Thapsigargin (TG), an inhibitor of Ca(2+)-ATPase, depletes intracellular Ca2+ stores and induces a sustained Ca2+ influx without altering phosphatidyl inositol levels. TG plus phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) but not TG alone induced IL-2 in Jurkat T cells, suggesting that TG had no effect on protein kinase C (PKC). However, TG induced increases in IL-2R alpha protein as well as IL-2R alpha mRNA in Jurkat T cells in a dose-dependent manner. A similar increase in IL-2R alpha by TG was also observed in human peripheral T cells. Further, like PMA, TG markedly induced NF kappa B in Jurkat T cells. However, TG and PMA exhibited a synergistic action on IL-2R alpha expression, suggesting that TG and PMA induce IL-2R alpha through distinct pathways. PMA- but not TG-induced IL-2R alpha is inhibited by the PKC inhibitor H7, whereas TG- but not PMA-induced IL-2R alpha was inhibited by cholera toxin, forskolin and 1,9-dideoxy forskolin. In toto, these results suggest that TG induces IL-2R alpha in human T cells through a PKC-independent pathway.	[ "Thapsigargin", "induces", "IL-2", "receptor", "alpha", "-", "chain", "in", "human", "peripheral", "and", "Jurkat", "T", "cells", "via", "a", "protein", "kinase", "C", "-", "independent", "mechanism", ".", "\n", "Thapsigargin", "(", "TG", ")", ",", "an", "...	[ "Entity", "Protein" ]
IL-2 receptor alpha - chain is a Protein, protein kinase C - independent mechanism is a Entity, IL-2 is a Protein, IL-2R alpha is a Protein, IL-2R alpha is a Protein, IL-2R alpha is a Protein, IL-2R alpha is a Protein, IL-2R alpha is a Protein, IL-2R alpha is a Protein, IL-2R alpha is a Protein, IL-2R alpha is a Protein	7622191_1	Sentence: Thapsigargin induces IL-2 receptor alpha-chain in human peripheral and Jurkat T cells via a protein kinase C-independent mechanism. Thapsigargin (TG), an inhibitor of Ca(2+)-ATPase, depletes intracellular Ca2+ stores and induces a sustained Ca2+ influx without altering phosphatidyl inositol levels. TG plus phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) but not TG alone induced IL-2 in Jurkat T cells, suggesting that TG had no effect on protein kinase C (PKC). However, TG induced increases in IL-2R alpha protein as well as IL-2R alpha mRNA in Jurkat T cells in a dose-dependent manner. A similar increase in IL-2R alpha by TG was also observed in human peripheral T cells. Further, like PMA, TG markedly induced NF kappa B in Jurkat T cells. However, TG and PMA exhibited a synergistic action on IL-2R alpha expression, suggesting that TG and PMA induce IL-2R alpha through distinct pathways. PMA- but not TG-induced IL-2R alpha is inhibited by the PKC inhibitor H7, whereas TG- but not PMA-induced IL-2R alpha was inhibited by cholera toxin, forskolin and 1,9-dideoxy forskolin. In toto, these results suggest that TG induces IL-2R alpha in human T cells through a PKC-independent pathway. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: IL-2 receptor alpha - chain, protein kinase C - independent mechanism, IL-2, IL-2R alpha, IL-2R alpha, IL-2R alpha, IL-2R alpha, IL-2R alpha, IL-2R alpha, IL-2R alpha, IL-2R alpha Options: Entity, Protein	[ "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O"...	Thapsigargin induces IL-2 receptor alpha-chain in human peripheral and Jurkat T cells via a protein kinase C-independent mechanism. Thapsigargin (TG), an inhibitor of Ca(2+)-ATPase, depletes intracellular Ca2+ stores and induces a sustained Ca2+ influx without altering phosphatidyl inositol levels. TG plus phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) but not TG alone induced IL-2 in Jurkat T cells, suggesting that TG had no effect on protein kinase C (PKC). However, TG induced increases in IL-2R alpha protein as well as IL-2R alpha mRNA in Jurkat T cells in a dose-dependent manner. A similar increase in IL-2R alpha by TG was also observed in human peripheral T cells. Further, like PMA, TG markedly induced NF kappa B in Jurkat T cells. However, TG and PMA exhibited a synergistic action on IL-2R alpha expression, suggesting that TG and PMA induce IL-2R alpha through distinct pathways. PMA- but not TG-induced IL-2R alpha is inhibited by the PKC inhibitor H7, whereas TG- but not PMA-induced IL-2R alpha was inhibited by cholera toxin, forskolin and 1,9-dideoxy forskolin. In toto, these results suggest that TG induces IL-2R alpha in human T cells through a PKC-independent pathway.	[ "Thapsigargin", "induces", "IL-2", "receptor", "alpha", "-", "chain", "in", "human", "peripheral", "and", "Jurkat", "T", "cells", "via", "a", "protein", "kinase", "C", "-", "independent", "mechanism", ".", "\n", "Thapsigargin", "(", "TG", ")", ",", "an", "...	[ "Entity", "Protein" ]
IL-2 receptor alpha - chain, protein kinase C - independent mechanism, IL-2, IL-2R alpha, IL-2R alpha, IL-2R alpha, IL-2R alpha, IL-2R alpha, IL-2R alpha, IL-2R alpha, IL-2R alpha	7622191_2	Sentence: Thapsigargin induces IL-2 receptor alpha-chain in human peripheral and Jurkat T cells via a protein kinase C-independent mechanism. Thapsigargin (TG), an inhibitor of Ca(2+)-ATPase, depletes intracellular Ca2+ stores and induces a sustained Ca2+ influx without altering phosphatidyl inositol levels. TG plus phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) but not TG alone induced IL-2 in Jurkat T cells, suggesting that TG had no effect on protein kinase C (PKC). However, TG induced increases in IL-2R alpha protein as well as IL-2R alpha mRNA in Jurkat T cells in a dose-dependent manner. A similar increase in IL-2R alpha by TG was also observed in human peripheral T cells. Further, like PMA, TG markedly induced NF kappa B in Jurkat T cells. However, TG and PMA exhibited a synergistic action on IL-2R alpha expression, suggesting that TG and PMA induce IL-2R alpha through distinct pathways. PMA- but not TG-induced IL-2R alpha is inhibited by the PKC inhibitor H7, whereas TG- but not PMA-induced IL-2R alpha was inhibited by cholera toxin, forskolin and 1,9-dideoxy forskolin. In toto, these results suggest that TG induces IL-2R alpha in human T cells through a PKC-independent pathway. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O"...	Thapsigargin induces IL-2 receptor alpha-chain in human peripheral and Jurkat T cells via a protein kinase C-independent mechanism. Thapsigargin (TG), an inhibitor of Ca(2+)-ATPase, depletes intracellular Ca2+ stores and induces a sustained Ca2+ influx without altering phosphatidyl inositol levels. TG plus phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) but not TG alone induced IL-2 in Jurkat T cells, suggesting that TG had no effect on protein kinase C (PKC). However, TG induced increases in IL-2R alpha protein as well as IL-2R alpha mRNA in Jurkat T cells in a dose-dependent manner. A similar increase in IL-2R alpha by TG was also observed in human peripheral T cells. Further, like PMA, TG markedly induced NF kappa B in Jurkat T cells. However, TG and PMA exhibited a synergistic action on IL-2R alpha expression, suggesting that TG and PMA induce IL-2R alpha through distinct pathways. PMA- but not TG-induced IL-2R alpha is inhibited by the PKC inhibitor H7, whereas TG- but not PMA-induced IL-2R alpha was inhibited by cholera toxin, forskolin and 1,9-dideoxy forskolin. In toto, these results suggest that TG induces IL-2R alpha in human T cells through a PKC-independent pathway.	[ "Thapsigargin", "induces", "IL-2", "receptor", "alpha", "-", "chain", "in", "human", "peripheral", "and", "Jurkat", "T", "cells", "via", "a", "protein", "kinase", "C", "-", "independent", "mechanism", ".", "\n", "Thapsigargin", "(", "TG", ")", ",", "an", "...	[ "Entity", "Protein" ]
SQST-1 is a protein	28798_0	Sentence: (E and F) No SQST-1 aggregates are detected in epg-7 mutants carrying an epg-7::gfp reporter. (E) DAPI image of the embryo shown in F. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	(E and F) No SQST-1 aggregates are detected in epg-7 mutants carrying an epg-7::gfp reporter. (E) DAPI image of the embryo shown in F.	[ "(", "E", "and", "F", ")", "No", "SQST-1", "aggregates", "are", "detected", "in", "epg-7", "mutants", "carrying", "an", "epg-7::gfp", "reporter", ".", "(", "E", ")", "DAPI", "image", "of", "the", "embryo", "shown", "in", "F." ]	[ "protein" ]

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