[System] You are an experienced CISO advisor. Translate technical risk into clear, prioritized action.

[User] CVSS breakdown for CVE-2021-24308?

[Assistant] CVE-2021-24308 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 5.4 (Medium), vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N. In practice it is exploitable over the network. Prioritize per exposure. The impact and exploitability are encoded in the vector (attack vector/complexity, privileges, user interaction, and CIA impact).


[User] Give me a rundown of CVE-2024-41648.

[Assistant] CVE-2024-41648 is a vulnerability in openrobotics robot operating system, published 2024-12-06. Insecure Permissions vulnerability in Open Robotics Robotic Operating System 2 ROS2 navigation2 v.humble allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via a crafted script to the nav2_regulated_pure_pursuit_controller. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 (Critical). It is classified as CWE-281. Given its critical severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a security operations expert. Prioritize actionable detection, response, and remediation guidance grounded in real-world tradecraft.

[User] CVE-2019-2762 remediation?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2019-2762: apply the vendor's security update for Oracle Corporation Java to a fixed version (consult the advisory: http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-08/msg00038.html). Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 5.3 Medium.


[System] You are a senior SOC analyst. Help triage alerts, interpret vulnerabilities, and recommend concrete next steps.

[User] Explain CVE-2026-6238.

[Assistant]
CVE-2026-6238 is a vulnerability in The GNU C Library glibc, published 2026-04-28. The deprecated functions ns_printrrf, ns_printrr and fp_nquery in the GNU C Library version 2.0.1 to version 2.43 fail to validate the RDATA content against the RDATA length in a DNS response when processing A6, CERT, LOC, TKEY or TSIG records, which may allow an attacker to craft a DNS response, causing a target application to crash or read uninitialized memory.

These functions are for application debugging only and hence not in the path of code executed by the DNS resolver.  Further, they have been deprecated since version 2.34 and should not be used by any new applications.  Applications should consider porting away from these interfaces since they may be removed in future versions. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 6.5 (Medium). It is classified as CWE-126. Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a detection engineer. Turn threats and CVEs into practical detection logic, log sources, and tuning advice.

[User] Explain the CVSS vector of CVE-2019-2795.

[Assistant] CVE-2019-2795 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 6.5 (Medium), vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H. In practice it is exploitable over the network. Prioritize per exposure. The impact and exploitability are encoded in the vector (attack vector/complexity, privileges, user interaction, and CIA impact).


[System] You are an expert cybersecurity assistant specializing in Security Operations Center (SOC) analysis, vulnerability management, threat intelligence, incident response, and cloud/DevSecOps. Provide accurate, actionable, technically precise guidance.

[User] How to remediate CVE-2024-10896?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2024-10896: apply the vendor's security update for Unknown Logo Slider to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/1304c2b6-922d-455e-bae8-d6bf855eddd9/). Because the root cause is CWE-78 (OS Command Injection), also apply the class-level defense: avoid shells; use parameterized APIs (execve with arg arrays), strict allow-list validation, and least-privilege service accounts. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 5.4 Medium.


[System] You are a helpful cybersecurity expert. Be accurate and practical.

[User] What is CVE-2018-1999016?

[Assistant] CVE-2018-1999016 is a vulnerability in pydio, published 2018-07-23. Pydio version 8.2.0 and earlier contains a Cross Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in ./core/vendor/meenie/javascript-packer/example-inline.php line 48; ./core/vendor/dapphp/securimage/examples/test.mysql.static.php lines: 114,118 that can result in an unauthenticated remote attacker manipulating the web client via XSS code injection. This attack appear to be exploitable via the victim openning a specially crafted URL. This vulnerability appears to have been fixed in version 8.2.1. It carries a CVSS 3.0 base score of 6.1 (Medium). It is classified as CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting (XSS)). Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a detection engineer. Turn threats and CVEs into practical detection logic, log sources, and tuning advice.

[User] CVSS breakdown for CVE-2019-2791?

[Assistant] CVE-2019-2791 has a CVSS 3.0 base score of 3.8 (Low), vector CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N. In practice it is exploitable over the network. Prioritize per exposure. The impact and exploitability are encoded in the vector (attack vector/complexity, privileges, user interaction, and CIA impact).


[System] You are a blue-team mentor helping a junior analyst learn. Explain clearly but keep technical rigor.

[User] How to remediate CVE-2026-29090?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2026-29090: apply the vendor's security update for rucio to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://github.com/rucio/rucio/security/advisories/GHSA-6j7p-qjhg-9947). Because the root cause is CWE-89 (SQL Injection), also apply the class-level defense: parameterized queries/prepared statements, ORM with bound parameters, least-privilege DB accounts, input validation, and disabling dangerous features like xp_cmdshell. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 9.0 Critical.


[System] You are a purple-team specialist. Bridge offensive techniques and defensive detection/mitigation.

[User] CVE-2024-8165 — what weakness is it?

[Assistant] CVE-2024-8165 stems from CWE-22 (Path Traversal): user-controlled path input containing ../ sequences lets an attacker read or write files outside the intended directory, often exposing credentials/config or enabling code execution. In this case: A vulnerability was identified in Chengdu Everbrite Network Technology BeikeShop up to 1.5.5. This vulnerability affects the function exportZip of the file /admin/file_manager/export. Such manipulation of the argument path leads to path traversal. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. Upgrading to version 1.6.0 is able to resolve this issue. It is suggested to upgrade the affected component. Prevention for this class: canonicalize and validate paths against an allow-list, avoid passing user input to filesystem APIs, run with least privilege, and use chroot/containers. This affects Chengdu Everbrite Network Technology BeikeShop (CVSS 2.1 Low).


[System] You are a threat intelligence analyst. Provide context on adversaries, TTPs, exploitation, and MITRE ATT&CK mapping.

[User] Root cause of CVE-2026-25787?

[Assistant]
CVE-2026-25787 stems from CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting (XSS)): the application includes untrusted input in web output without proper encoding, letting an attacker run script in victims' browsers to steal sessions, perform actions, or deface pages. In this case: Affected devices do not properly validate and sanitize Technology Object (TO) name rendered on the "Motion Control Diagnostics" page of the web interface. This could allow an authenticated attacker who is authorized to download a TIA project into the product, to inject malicious scripts into the page.
If a benign user with appropriate rights accesses the "Motion Control Diagnostics" parameters page, the malicious code would be executed in the scope of their web session. Prevention for this class: context-aware output encoding, a strict Content-Security-Policy, input validation/sanitization (e.g., DOMPurify), HttpOnly/SameSite cookies, and framework auto-escaping. This affects Siemens SIMATIC Drive Controller CPU 1504D TF (CVSS 9.3 Critical).


[System] You are an incident responder. Give clear, phase-based (NIST SP 800-61) guidance for containment, eradication, and recovery.

[User] Explain CVE-2022-20507.

[Assistant] CVE-2022-20507 is a vulnerability in Android, published 2022-12-16. In onMulticastListUpdateNotificationReceived of UwbEventManager.java, there is a possible arbitrary code execution due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-13Android ID: A-246649179 It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.8 (High). It is classified as CWE-20 (Improper Input Validation). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a SOC copilot embedded in a SIEM. Provide precise, actionable analyst guidance.

[User] Patch guidance for CVE-2018-20607?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2018-20607: apply the vendor's security update for txjia imcat to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://github.com/AvaterXXX/CVEs/blob/master/imcat.md#information-disclosure2). Because the root cause is CWE-200 (Exposure of Sensitive Information), also apply the class-level defense: least data exposure, proper access control, scrub errors/logs, and encrypt sensitive data. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 5.3 Medium.


[System] You are an incident responder. Give clear, phase-based (NIST SP 800-61) guidance for containment, eradication, and recovery.

[User] Root cause of CVE-2025-61760?

[Assistant] CVE-2025-61760 stems from CWE-284 (Improper Access Control): access to a resource or function is not properly restricted, enabling unauthorized use or privilege escalation. In this case: Vulnerability in the Oracle VM VirtualBox product of Oracle Virtualization (component: Core).  Supported versions that are affected are 7.1.12 and  7.2.2. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with logon to the infrastructure where Oracle VM VirtualBox executes to compromise Oracle VM VirtualBox.  Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker and while the vulnerability is in Oracle VM VirtualBox, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle VM VirtualBox. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.5 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts).  CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H). Prevention for this class: deny-by-default authorization, centralized policy enforcement, and thorough role testing. This affects Oracle Corporation Oracle VM VirtualBox (CVSS 7.5 High).


[System] You are a security operations expert. Prioritize actionable detection, response, and remediation guidance grounded in real-world tradecraft.

[User] How do I detect exploitation of CVE-2019-25261?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2019-25261 in AnyDesk: monitor the exposed service for anomalous requests matching the vulnerability pattern, unexpected child processes, new files, authentication anomalies, and outbound connections after suspicious requests. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[System] You are a blue-team mentor helping a junior analyst learn. Explain clearly but keep technical rigor.

[User] How would a SOC catch CVE-2020-7765 being exploited?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2020-7765 in @firebase/util: monitor the exposed service for anomalous requests matching the vulnerability pattern, unexpected child processes, new files, authentication anomalies, and outbound connections after suspicious requests. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[System] You are a senior SOC analyst. Help triage alerts, interpret vulnerabilities, and recommend concrete next steps.

[User] What's the mitigation for CVE-2022-35827?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2022-35827: apply the vendor's security update for Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.2 to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-35827). Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 8.8 High.


[System] You are a senior SOC analyst. Help triage alerts, interpret vulnerabilities, and recommend concrete next steps.

[User] How do I detect exploitation of CVE-2025-27563?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2025-27563 in OpenHarmony: monitor the exposed service for anomalous requests matching the vulnerability pattern, unexpected child processes, new files, authentication anomalies, and outbound connections after suspicious requests. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[User] How to remediate CVE-2024-21250?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2024-21250: apply the vendor's security update for Oracle Corporation Oracle Process Manufacturing Product Development to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2024.html). Because the root cause is CWE-862 (Missing Authorization), also apply the class-level defense: centralized authorization checks on every request, object-level access control (prevent IDOR), and deny-by-default. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 8.1 High.


[System] You are a cybersecurity assistant. Answer the user's security question accurately.

[User] CVE-2025-69906 remediation?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2025-69906: apply the vendor's security update for monstra cms to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://github.com/cypherdavy/CVE-2025-69906-Monstra-CMS-3.0.4-Arbitrary-File-Upload-to-RCE). Because the root cause is CWE-434 (Unrestricted File Upload), also apply the class-level defense: allow-list file types by content, store uploads outside the web root, randomize names, disable execution in upload dirs, and scan files. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 8.8 High.


[System] You are a senior SOC analyst. Help triage alerts, interpret vulnerabilities, and recommend concrete next steps.

[User] Explain CVE-2019-25289.

[Assistant] CVE-2019-25289 is a vulnerability in INIM Electronics s.r.l. SmartLiving SmartLAN/G/SI, published 2026-01-08. SmartLiving SmartLAN <=6.x contains an authenticated remote command injection vulnerability in the web.cgi binary through the 'par' POST parameter with the 'testemail' module. Attackers can exploit the unsanitized parameter and system() function call to execute arbitrary system commands with root privileges using default credentials. It carries a CVSS 4.0 base score of 8.7 (High). It is classified as CWE-78 (OS Command Injection). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are an experienced CISO advisor. Translate technical risk into clear, prioritized action.

[User] cve-2019-4559

[Assistant] CVE-2019-4559: IBM QRadar SIEM 7.3.0 through 7.3.3 discloses sensitive information to unauthorized users. The information can be used to mount further attacks on the system. IBM X-Force ID: 166355. Severity: CVSS 5.3 Medium (CWE-200). Fix: apply the vendor patch for IBM QRadar SIEM and restrict exposure until then. Check CISA KEV for active exploitation.


[System] You are a security operations expert. Prioritize actionable detection, response, and remediation guidance grounded in real-world tradecraft.

[User] How to remediate CVE-2026-22250?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2026-22250: apply the vendor's security update for WeblateOrg wlc to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://github.com/WeblateOrg/wlc/commit/a513864ec4daad00146e6d6e039559726e256fa3). Because the root cause is CWE-295 (Improper Certificate Validation), also apply the class-level defense: validate certs and hostnames, pin where appropriate, and never disable verification in production. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 5.5 Medium.


[System] You are a security operations expert. Prioritize actionable detection, response, and remediation guidance grounded in real-world tradecraft.

[User] How do I fix CVE-2026-8189?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2026-8189: apply the vendor's security update for Wavlink NU516U1 to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://github.com/wudipjq/my_vuln/blob/main/Wavlink/vuln_2/2.md). Because the root cause is CWE-77 (Command Injection), also apply the class-level defense: parameterized command execution, input validation/escaping, avoid dynamic command construction, and least privilege. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 2.1 Low.


[System] You are a senior SOC analyst. Help triage alerts, interpret vulnerabilities, and recommend concrete next steps.

[User] how bad is CVE-2024-38246

[Assistant] CVE-2024-38246: Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability Severity: CVSS 7.0 High (CWE-121). Fix: apply the vendor patch for Microsoft Windows Server 2022 and restrict exposure until then. Check CISA KEV for active exploitation.


[System] You are a helpful cybersecurity expert. Be accurate and practical.

[User] Explain CVE-2025-42988.

[Assistant] CVE-2025-42988 is a vulnerability in SAP_SE SAP Business Objects Business Intelligence Platform, published 2025-06-10. Under certain conditions, SAP Business Objects Business Intelligence Platform allows an unauthenticated attacker to enumerate HTTP endpoints in the internal network by specially crafting HTTP requests. This disclosure of information could further enable the researcher to cause SSRF. It has no impact on integrity and availability of the application. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 5.3 (Medium). It is classified as CWE-918 (Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)). Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are an incident responder. Give clear, phase-based (NIST SP 800-61) guidance for containment, eradication, and recovery.

[User] How severe is CVE-2025-37158?

[Assistant] CVE-2025-37158 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8 (High), vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. In practice it is exploitable over the network. Treat as high priority. The impact and exploitability are encoded in the vector (attack vector/complexity, privileges, user interaction, and CIA impact).


[System] You are a threat intelligence analyst. Provide context on adversaries, TTPs, exploitation, and MITRE ATT&CK mapping.

[User] CVE-2024-46774 remediation?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2024-46774: apply the vendor's security update for Linux to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0974d03eb479384466d828d65637814bee6b26d7). Because the root cause is CWE-787 (Out-of-bounds Write), also apply the class-level defense: bounds checking, memory-safe languages, exploit mitigations, and rigorous fuzzing. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 7.1 High.


[System] You are a helpful cybersecurity expert. Be accurate and practical.

[User] Give me a rundown of CVE-2018-1607.

[Assistant] CVE-2018-1607 is a vulnerability in IBM Rational Engineering Lifecycle Manager, published 2018-09-25. IBM Rational Engineering Lifecycle Manager 5.0 through 5.02 and 6.0 through 6.0.6 is vulnerable to a XML External Entity Injection (XXE) attack when processing XML data. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to expose sensitive information or consume memory resources. IBM X-Force ID: 143797. It carries a CVSS 3.0 base score of 7.1 (High). It is classified as CWE-611 (XML External Entity (XXE)). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are an experienced CISO advisor. Translate technical risk into clear, prioritized action.

[User] Detection guidance for CVE-2019-13362?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2019-13362 (CWE-787 — Out-of-bounds Write) in codedoc project codedoc: crashes/restarts of the affected service, EDR exploit-behavior alerts, and post-exploitation activity. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[User] Give me a rundown of CVE-2019-5367.

[Assistant] CVE-2019-5367 is a vulnerability in HPE Intelligent Management Center (IMC) PLAT, published 2019-06-05. A remote code execution vulnerability was identified in HPE Intelligent Management Center (IMC) PLAT earlier than version 7.3 E0506P09. It carries a CVSS 3.0 base score of 9.8 (Critical). It is classified as CWE-1188. Given its critical severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a security operations expert. Prioritize actionable detection, response, and remediation guidance grounded in real-world tradecraft.

[User] Brief me on CVE-2018-10171.

[Assistant] CVE-2018-10171 is a vulnerability in kromtech mackeeper, published 2019-06-05. Kromtech MacKeeper 3.20.4 suffers from a root privilege escalation vulnerability through its `com.mackeeper.AdwareAnalyzer.AdwareAnalyzerPrivilegedHelper` component. The AdwareAnalzyerPrivilegedHelper tool implements an XPC service that allows an unprivileged application to connect and execute shell scripts as the root user. It carries a CVSS 3.0 base score of 9.8 (Critical). It is classified as CWE-732 (Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource). Given its critical severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a security operations expert. Prioritize actionable detection, response, and remediation guidance grounded in real-world tradecraft.

[User] Explain CVE-2026-46897.

[Assistant] CVE-2026-46897 is a vulnerability in Oracle Corporation Oracle Enterprise Command Center Framework, published 2026-06-17. Vulnerability in the Oracle Enterprise Command Center Framework product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Core).  Supported versions that are affected are V15 and  V16. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Enterprise Command Center Framework.  While the vulnerability is in Oracle Enterprise Command Center Framework, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change).  Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in  unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Enterprise Command Center Framework accessible data as well as  unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Enterprise Command Center Framework accessible data and unauthorized ability to cause a partial denial of service (partial DOS) of Oracle Enterprise Command Center Framework. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.9 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts).  CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L). It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.9 (Critical). It is classified as CWE-284 (Improper Access Control). Given its critical severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a senior SOC analyst. Help triage alerts, interpret vulnerabilities, and recommend concrete next steps.

[User] Explain CVE-2026-20246.

[Assistant]
CVE-2026-20246 is a vulnerability in Cisco Umbrella Insights Virtual Appliance, published 2026-06-17. A vulnerability in the vmadmin CLI of Cisco Umbrella Virtual Appliance could allow an authenticated, local attacker to elevate privileges on an affected device.

This vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of user-supplied commands. An attacker with vmadmin privileges could exploit this vulnerability by using certain commands at the CLI. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to elevate privileges to root. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 6.0 (Medium). It is classified as CWE-269 (Improper Privilege Management). Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a security operations expert. Prioritize actionable detection, response, and remediation guidance grounded in real-world tradecraft.

[User] Brief me on CVE-2024-53698.

[Assistant]
CVE-2024-53698 is a vulnerability in QNAP Systems Inc. QTS, published 2025-03-07. A double free vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow remote attackers who have gained administrator access to modify memory.

We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions:
QTS 5.2.3.3006 build 20250108 and later
QuTS hero h5.2.3.3006 build 20250108 and later It carries a CVSS 4.0 base score of 2.1 (Low). It is classified as CWE-415. Given its low severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a cloud security and DevSecOps engineer. Advise on securing cloud, containers, Kubernetes, CI/CD, and IaC.

[User] Detection guidance for CVE-2018-17706?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2018-17706 (CWE-787 — Out-of-bounds Write) in Foxit PhantomPDF: crashes/restarts of the affected service, EDR exploit-behavior alerts, and post-exploitation activity. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[System] You are a blue-team mentor helping a junior analyst learn. Explain clearly but keep technical rigor.

[User] CVE-2022-32195 remediation?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2022-32195: apply the vendor's security update for open edx to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://discuss.openedx.org/t/security-patch-for-logout-page-xss-vulnerability/7408). Because the root cause is CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting (XSS)), also apply the class-level defense: context-aware output encoding, a strict Content-Security-Policy, input validation/sanitization (e.g., DOMPurify), HttpOnly/SameSite cookies, and framework auto-escaping. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 6.1 Medium.


[System] You are an incident responder. Give clear, phase-based (NIST SP 800-61) guidance for containment, eradication, and recovery.

[User] CVE-2023-41368 remediation?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2023-41368: apply the vendor's security update for SAP_SE S4 HANA ABAP (Manage checkbook apps) to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://me.sap.com/notes/3355675). Because the root cause is CWE-639 (Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key (IDOR)), also apply the class-level defense: per-object authorization checks, indirect references, and deny-by-default. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 5.3 Medium.


[User] How do I detect exploitation of CVE-2024-21273?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2024-21273 in Oracle Corporation Oracle VM VirtualBox: monitor the exposed service for anomalous requests matching the vulnerability pattern, unexpected child processes, new files, authentication anomalies, and outbound connections after suspicious requests. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[System] You are a helpful cybersecurity expert. Be accurate and practical.

[User] Explain the CVSS vector of CVE-2022-38093.

[Assistant] CVE-2022-38093 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8 (High), vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. In practice it is exploitable unauthenticated over the network. Treat as high priority. The impact and exploitability are encoded in the vector (attack vector/complexity, privileges, user interaction, and CIA impact).


[System] You are a threat intelligence analyst. Provide context on adversaries, TTPs, exploitation, and MITRE ATT&CK mapping.

[User] What is CVE-2022-40520?

[Assistant] CVE-2022-40520 is a vulnerability in Qualcomm, Inc. Snapdragon, published 2023-01-09. Memory corruption due to stack-based buffer overflow in Core It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.8 (High). It is classified as CWE-787 (Out-of-bounds Write). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a threat intelligence analyst. Provide context on adversaries, TTPs, exploitation, and MITRE ATT&CK mapping.

[User] What's the mitigation for CVE-2025-23444?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2025-23444: apply the vendor's security update for nasir179125 Scroll Top Advanced to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/scroll-top-advanced/vulnerability/wordpress-scroll-top-advanced-plugin-2-5-stored-cross-site-scripting-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve). Because the root cause is CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting (XSS)), also apply the class-level defense: context-aware output encoding, a strict Content-Security-Policy, input validation/sanitization (e.g., DOMPurify), HttpOnly/SameSite cookies, and framework auto-escaping. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 6.5 Medium.


[System] You are a vulnerability management lead. Explain CVEs, severity, exploitation, and prioritized remediation.

[User] what is CVE-2022-45147

[Assistant] CVE-2022-45147: A vulnerability has been identified in SIMATIC PCS neo V4.0 (All versions), SIMATIC STEP 7 V16 (All versions), SIMATIC STEP 7 V17 (All versions), SIMATIC STEP 7 V18 (All versions < V18 Update 2). Affected applications do... Severity: CVSS 8.5 High (CWE-502). Fix: apply the vendor patch for Siemens SIMATIC PCS neo V4.0 and restrict exposure until then. Check CISA KEV for active exploitation.


[System] You are a security operations expert. Prioritize actionable detection, response, and remediation guidance grounded in real-world tradecraft.

[User] Brief me on CVE-2022-41731.

[Assistant] CVE-2022-41731 is a vulnerability in IBM Watson Knowledge Catalog on-prem, published 2023-02-12. IBM Watson Knowledge Catalog on Cloud Pak for Data 4.5.0 is vulnerable to SQL injection. A remote attacker could send specially crafted SQL statements, which could allow the attacker to view, add, modify or delete information in the back-end database.  IBM X-Force ID:  237402. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 (Critical). It is classified as CWE-89 (SQL Injection). Given its critical severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a threat intelligence analyst. Provide context on adversaries, TTPs, exploitation, and MITRE ATT&CK mapping.

[User] How to remediate CVE-2024-50177?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2024-50177: apply the vendor's security update for Linux to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/27bc3da5eae57e3af8f5648b4498ffde48781434). Because the root cause is CWE-190 (Integer Overflow or Wraparound), also apply the class-level defense: safe integer libraries, overflow checks, and validated size calculations. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 5.5 Medium.


[System] You are a helpful cybersecurity expert. Be accurate and practical.

[User] Explain CVE-2024-45070.

[Assistant] CVE-2024-45070 is a vulnerability in OpenHarmony, published 2025-01-07. in OpenHarmony v4.1.2 and prior versions allow a local attacker cause information leak through out-of-bounds Read. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 5.5 (Medium). It is classified as CWE-125 (Out-of-bounds Read). Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a purple-team specialist. Bridge offensive techniques and defensive detection/mitigation.

[User] Explain CVE-2022-41721.

[Assistant] CVE-2022-41721 is a vulnerability in golang.org/x/net/http2/h2c, published 2023-01-13. A request smuggling attack is possible when using MaxBytesHandler. When using MaxBytesHandler, the body of an HTTP request is not fully consumed. When the server attempts to read HTTP2 frames from the connection, it will instead be reading the body of the HTTP request, which could be attacker-manipulated to represent arbitrary HTTP2 requests. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.5 (High). It is classified as CWE-444. Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are an incident responder. Give clear, phase-based (NIST SP 800-61) guidance for containment, eradication, and recovery.

[User] Explain CVE-2024-3901.

[Assistant] CVE-2024-3901 is a vulnerability in Unknown Genesis Blocks, published 2025-05-15. The Genesis Blocks WordPress plugin through 3.1.3 does not properly escape attributes provided to some of its custom blocks, making it possible for users allowed to write posts (like those with the contributor role) to conduct Stored XSS attacks. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 6.8 (Medium). It is classified as CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting (XSS)). Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a blue-team mentor helping a junior analyst learn. Explain clearly but keep technical rigor.

[User] tell me about CVE-2021-29907

[Assistant] CVE-2021-29907: IBM OpenPages with Watson 8.1 and 8.2 could allow an authenticated user to upload a file that could execute arbitrary code on the system. IBM X-Force ID: 207633. Severity: CVSS 8.8 High (CWE-434). Fix: apply the vendor patch for IBM OpenPages with Watson and restrict exposure until then. Check CISA KEV for active exploitation.


[System] You are a concise security assistant. Give correct, no-fluff answers.

[User] Executive summary of CVE-2024-27198 for leadership.

[Assistant] Executive summary — CVE-2024-27198 (TeamCity Auth Bypass): A critical flaw in JetBrains TeamCity. An attacker could auth bypass to admin rce, and it has been exploited in real attacks. Impact: possible breach, disruption, regulatory exposure. Action: patch within emergency SLA, verify no prior compromise. Rating: CVSS 9.8, CISA KEV.


[System] You are a purple-team specialist. Bridge offensive techniques and defensive detection/mitigation.

[User] Walk me through triaging a suspected TeamCity Auth Bypass incident.

[Assistant]
Triage for suspected CVE-2024-27198:
1) Validate the request/behavior matches the auth bypass to admin rce pattern (rule out scanners).
2) Scope: vulnerable version? internet-facing? data behind it?
3) Post-exploitation check: Look for requests using ?jsp=/app/rest/... with a random path and 401->200 patterns; audit new admin tokens.
4) Contain if confirmed (isolate, block IPs, take offline).
5) Escalate per severity (CVSS 9.8, KEV) and start IR; preserve evidence first.


[System] You are a SOC copilot embedded in a SIEM. Provide precise, actionable analyst guidance.

[User] How to remediate CVE-2024-3917?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2024-3917: apply the vendor's security update for Unknown Pet Manager to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/88162016-9fc7-4194-9e81-44c50991f6e9/). Because the root cause is CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting (XSS)), also apply the class-level defense: context-aware output encoding, a strict Content-Security-Policy, input validation/sanitization (e.g., DOMPurify), HttpOnly/SameSite cookies, and framework auto-escaping. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 6.1 Medium.


[System] You are an experienced CISO advisor. Translate technical risk into clear, prioritized action.

[User] How would a SOC catch CVE-2019-1776 being exploited?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2019-1776 (CWE-78 — OS Command Injection) in Cisco NX-OS Software: EDR alerts on the web/app process spawning cmd/bash/powershell, unusual child processes, and outbound connections after a request. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[System] You are a senior SOC analyst. Help triage alerts, interpret vulnerabilities, and recommend concrete next steps.

[User] How would a SOC catch CVE-2019-18869 being exploited?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2019-18869 in blaauwproducts remote kiln control: monitor the exposed service for anomalous requests matching the vulnerability pattern, unexpected child processes, new files, authentication anomalies, and outbound connections after suspicious requests. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[System] You are a cybersecurity assistant. Answer the user's security question accurately.

[User] Brief me on CVE-2026-41643.

[Assistant] CVE-2026-41643 is a vulnerability in osrg gobgp, published 2026-05-07. GoBGP is an open source Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) implementation in the Go Programming Language. Prior to version 4.3.0, a remote Denial of Service (DoS) vulnerability exists in GoBGP where a malformed BGP UPDATE message can trigger a runtime error: index out of range panic. This occurs during the processing of 4-byte AS attributes when the message structure causes an internal slice index shift that is not properly handled. This issue has been patched in version 4.3.0. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.5 (High). It is classified as CWE-129. Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[User] How do I detect exploitation of CVE-2024-33101?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2024-33101 (CWE-79 — Cross-site Scripting (XSS)) in thinksaas: WAF alerts on <script>/onerror/javascript: payloads in parameters, spikes in reflected input, and anomalous DOM-based requests; monitor for session-token theft patterns. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[System] You are a security operations expert. Prioritize actionable detection, response, and remediation guidance grounded in real-world tradecraft.

[User] How to remediate CVE-2022-45185?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2022-45185: apply the vendor's security update for salesagility suitecrm to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://docs.suitecrm.com/admin/releases/7.12.x/). Because the root cause is CWE-502 (Deserialization of Untrusted Data), also apply the class-level defense: avoid native deserialization of untrusted input, use data-only formats (JSON with schema), allow-list classes, and integrity-check serialized data. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 8.8 High.


[System] You are a security operations expert. Prioritize actionable detection, response, and remediation guidance grounded in real-world tradecraft.

[User] Brief me on CVE-2025-37175.

[Assistant] CVE-2025-37175 is a vulnerability in Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE) ArubaOS (AOS), published 2026-01-13. Arbitrary file upload vulnerability exists in the web-based management interface of mobility conductors running either AOS-10 or AOS-8 operating systems. Successful exploitation could allow an authenticated malicious actor to upload arbitrary files as a privilege user and execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.2 (High). It is classified as CWE-434 (Unrestricted File Upload). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are an experienced CISO advisor. Translate technical risk into clear, prioritized action.

[User] How do I detect exploitation of CVE-2022-41742?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2022-41742 (CWE-787 — Out-of-bounds Write) in F5 NGINX: crashes/restarts of the affected service, EDR exploit-behavior alerts, and post-exploitation activity. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[System] You are a blue-team mentor helping a junior analyst learn. Explain clearly but keep technical rigor.

[User] How do I fix CVE-2023-42712?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2023-42712: apply the vendor's security update for Unisoc (Shanghai) Technologies Co., Ltd. SC7731E/SC9832E/SC9863A/T310/T606/T612/T616/T610/T618/T760/T770/T820/S8000 to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/1731138365803266049). Because the root cause is CWE-862 (Missing Authorization), also apply the class-level defense: centralized authorization checks on every request, object-level access control (prevent IDOR), and deny-by-default. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 5.5 Medium.


[User] Detection guidance for CVE-2022-21823?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2022-21823 in Ivanti Workspace Control: monitor the exposed service for anomalous requests matching the vulnerability pattern, unexpected child processes, new files, authentication anomalies, and outbound connections after suspicious requests. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[System] You are a purple-team specialist. Bridge offensive techniques and defensive detection/mitigation.

[User] Explain CVE-2019-1706.

[Assistant] CVE-2019-1706 is a vulnerability in Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software, published 2019-05-03. A vulnerability in the software cryptography module of the Cisco Adaptive Security Virtual Appliance (ASAv) and Firepower 2100 Series running Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause an unexpected reload of the device that results in a denial of service (DoS) condition. The vulnerability is due to a logic error with how the software cryptography module handles IPsec sessions. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by creating and sending traffic in a high number of IPsec sessions through the targeted device. A successful exploit could cause the device to reload and result in a DoS condition. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.6 (High). It is classified as CWE-404 (Improper Resource Shutdown or Release). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a security operations expert. Prioritize actionable detection, response, and remediation guidance grounded in real-world tradecraft.

[User] How to remediate CVE-2019-1010199?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2019-1010199: apply the vendor's security update for ServiceStack Framework to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://github.com/ServiceStack/ServiceStack/commit/a0e0d7de20f5d1712f1793f925496def4383c610). Because the root cause is CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting (XSS)), also apply the class-level defense: context-aware output encoding, a strict Content-Security-Policy, input validation/sanitization (e.g., DOMPurify), HttpOnly/SameSite cookies, and framework auto-escaping. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 6.1 Medium.


[User] Brief me on CVE-2026-25737.

[Assistant] CVE-2026-25737 is a vulnerability in budibase, published 2026-03-09. Budibase is a low code platform for creating internal tools, workflows, and admin panels. In 3.24.0 and earlier, an arbitrary file upload vulnerability exists even though file extension restrictions are configured. The restriction is enforced only at the UI level. An attacker can bypass these restrictions and upload malicious files. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.0 (Critical). It is classified as CWE-602. Given its critical severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a cybersecurity assistant. Answer the user's security question accurately.

[User] CVSS breakdown for CVE-2024-8153?

[Assistant] CVE-2024-8153 has a CVSS 4.0 base score of 5.3 (Medium), vector CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X. In practice it is exploitable over the network. Prioritize per exposure. The impact and exploitability are encoded in the vector (attack vector/complexity, privileges, user interaction, and CIA impact).


[User] Patch guidance for CVE-2023-3596?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2023-3596: apply the vendor's security update for Rockwell Automation 1756-EN4TR Series A to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://rockwellautomation.custhelp.com/app/answers/answer_view/a_id/1140010). Because the root cause is CWE-787 (Out-of-bounds Write), also apply the class-level defense: bounds checking, memory-safe languages, exploit mitigations, and rigorous fuzzing. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 7.5 High.


[System] You are a vulnerability management lead. Explain CVEs, severity, exploitation, and prioritized remediation.

[User] Brief me on CVE-2019-12635.

[Assistant] CVE-2019-12635 is a vulnerability in Cisco Content Security Management Appliance (SMA), published 2019-09-05. A vulnerability in the authorization module of Cisco Content Security Management Appliance (SMA) Software could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to gain out-of-scope access to email. The vulnerability exists because the affected software does not correctly implement role permission controls. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by using a custom role with specific permissions. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to access the spam quarantine of other users. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 4.3 (Medium). It is classified as CWE-285. Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a cybersecurity assistant. Answer the user's security question accurately.

[User] DevSecOps view: prevent bugs like SMBGhost?

[Assistant] Preventing the class behind CVE-2020-0796 (CWE-787 — Out-of-bounds Write): apply defenses such as strict input validation/canonicalization, least-privilege service accounts, safe parsing/deserialization, and interface hardening. Shift left with SAST/DAST and dependency scanning, keep an SBOM, add WAF/virtual patching, and enforce patch SLAs. Reduce Windows SMBv3 exposure (segmentation, no internet exposure, MFA) so one bug isn't full compromise.


[System] You are a concise security assistant. Give correct, no-fluff answers.

[User] CVE-2021-40449 — what weakness is it?

[Assistant] CVE-2021-40449 stems from CWE-416 (Use After Free): the program uses memory after it has been freed, leading to crashes or code execution via heap grooming. In this case: Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability Prevention for this class: memory-safe languages, smart pointers/RAII, and sanitizers (ASan) in testing. This affects Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809 (CVSS 7.8 High).


[System] You are a concise security assistant. Give correct, no-fluff answers.

[User] How do I fix CVE-2025-15224?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2025-15224: apply the vendor's security update for curl to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://curl.se/docs/CVE-2025-15224.html). Because the root cause is CWE-287 (Improper Authentication), also apply the class-level defense: proven auth frameworks, MFA, secure session management, and rejecting alternate/inconsistent auth paths. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 3.1 Low.


[System] You are a helpful cybersecurity expert. Be accurate and practical.

[User] How severe is CVE-2021-23384?

[Assistant] CVE-2021-23384 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 5.4 (Medium), vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N. In practice it is exploitable unauthenticated over the network. Prioritize per exposure. The impact and exploitability are encoded in the vector (attack vector/complexity, privileges, user interaction, and CIA impact).


[System] You are a cloud security and DevSecOps engineer. Advise on securing cloud, containers, Kubernetes, CI/CD, and IaC.

[User] How do I fix CVE-2021-3052?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2021-3052: apply the vendor's security update for Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://security.paloaltonetworks.com/CVE-2021-3052). Because the root cause is CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting (XSS)), also apply the class-level defense: context-aware output encoding, a strict Content-Security-Policy, input validation/sanitization (e.g., DOMPurify), HttpOnly/SameSite cookies, and framework auto-escaping. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 5.4 Medium.


[System] You are a purple-team specialist. Bridge offensive techniques and defensive detection/mitigation.

[User] CVE-2018-6560 remediation

[Assistant] CVE-2018-6560: In dbus-proxy/flatpak-proxy.c in Flatpak before 0.8.9, and 0.9.x and 0.10.x before 0.10.3, crafted D-Bus messages to the host can be used to break out of the sandbox, because whitespace handling in the proxy is not ident... Severity: CVSS 8.8 High (CWE-436). Fix: apply the vendor patch for flatpak and restrict exposure until then. Check CISA KEV for active exploitation.


[System] You are a threat intelligence analyst. Provide context on adversaries, TTPs, exploitation, and MITRE ATT&CK mapping.

[User] How do I fix CVE-2020-27957?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2020-27957: apply the vendor's security update for mediawiki to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/q/I497d2076038f75c9eb77e0e250f2af56f5bd2bfc). Because the root cause is CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting (XSS)), also apply the class-level defense: context-aware output encoding, a strict Content-Security-Policy, input validation/sanitization (e.g., DOMPurify), HttpOnly/SameSite cookies, and framework auto-escaping. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 5.4 Medium.


[User] CVE-2024-31425 — what is it?

[Assistant] CVE-2024-31425 is a vulnerability in TMS Amelia, published 2024-04-15. Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in TMS Amelia.This issue affects Amelia: from n/a through 1.0.95. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 5.4 (Medium). It is classified as CWE-352 (Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)). Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a purple-team specialist. Bridge offensive techniques and defensive detection/mitigation.

[User] Explain the F5 BIG-IP TMUI RCE vulnerability (CVE-2020-5902).

[Assistant] CVE-2020-5902 (F5 BIG-IP TMUI RCE) is a pre-auth rce via tmui affecting F5 BIG-IP TMUI, disclosed in 2020. The BIG-IP Traffic Management User Interface (TMUI) contains a path traversal that enables unauthenticated remote code execution, complete system compromise, and interception of traffic. With a CVSS base score of 9.8 it is rated Critical. Exploitation context: Exploited immediately after July 2020 disclosure for webshells and credential theft. It is in CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, so prioritize remediation.


[System] You are an experienced CISO advisor. Translate technical risk into clear, prioritized action.

[User] Patch guidance for CVE-2018-14722?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2018-14722: apply the vendor's security update for btrfsmaintenance project btrfsmaintenance to a fixed version (consult the advisory: http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2018/08/14/7). Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 8.1 High.


[System] You are a cybersecurity assistant. Answer the user's security question accurately.

[User] CVE-2025-47270 remediation?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2025-47270: apply the vendor's security update for nimiq core-rs-albatross to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://github.com/nimiq/core-rs-albatross/commit/566935f0dd0fb41bba1f406d8e3a02dc499520b5). Because the root cause is CWE-400 (Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (DoS)), also apply the class-level defense: rate limiting, timeouts, input size limits, and resource quotas. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 7.5 High.


[System] You are a helpful cybersecurity expert. Be accurate and practical.

[User] Explain CVE-2023-53563.

[Assistant]
CVE-2023-53563 is a vulnerability in Linux, published 2025-10-04. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

cpufreq: amd-pstate-ut: Fix kernel panic when loading the driver

After loading the amd-pstate-ut driver, amd_pstate_ut_check_perf()
and amd_pstate_ut_check_freq() use cpufreq_cpu_get() to get the policy
of the CPU and mark it as busy.

In these functions, cpufreq_cpu_put() should be used to release the
policy, but it is not, so any other entity trying to access the policy
is blocked indefinitely.

One such scenario is when amd_pstate mode is changed, leading to the
following splat:

[ 1332.103727] INFO: task bash:2929 blocked for more than 120 seconds.
[ 1332.110001]       Not tainted 6.5.0-rc2-amd-pstate-ut #5
[ 1332.115315] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.
[ 1332.123140] task:bash            state:D stack:0     pid:2929  ppid:2873   flags:0x00004006
[ 1332.123143] Call Trace:
[ 1332.123145]  <TASK>
[ 1332.123148]  __schedule+0x3c1/0x16a0
[ 1332.123154]  ? _raw_read_lock_irqsave+0x2d/0x70
[ 1332.123157]  schedule+0x6f/0x110
[ 1332.123160]  schedule_timeout+0x14f/0x160
[ 1332.123162]  ? preempt_count_add+0x86/0xd0
[ 1332.123165]  __wait_for_common+0x92/0x190
[ 1332.123168]  ? __pfx_schedule_timeout+0x10/0x10
[ 1332.123170]  wait_for_completion+0x28/0x30
[ 1332.123173]  cpufreq_policy_put_kobj+0x4d/0x90
[ 1332.123177]  cpufreq_policy_free+0x157/0x1d0
[ 1332.123178]  ? preempt_count_add+0x58/0xd0
[ 1332.123180]  cpufreq_remove_dev+0xb6/0x100
[ 1332.123182]  subsys_interface_unregister+0x114/0x120
[ 1332.123185]  ? preempt_count_add+0x58/0xd0
[ 1332.123187]  ? __pfx_amd_pstate_change_driver_mode+0x10/0x10
[ 1332.123190]  cpufreq_unregister_driver+0x3b/0xd0
[ 1332.123192]  amd_pstate_change_driver_mode+0x1e/0x50
[ 1332.123194]  store_status+0xe9/0x180
[ 1332.123197]  dev_attr_store+0x1b/0x30
[ 1332.123199]  sysfs_kf_write+0x42/0x50
[ 1332.123202]  kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x143/0x1d0
[ 1332.123204]  vfs_write+0x2df/0x400
[ 1332.123208]  ksys_write+0x6b/0xf0
[ 1332.123210]  __x64_sys_write+0x1d/0x30
[ 1332.123213]  do_syscall_64+0x60/0x90
[ 1332.123216]  ? fpregs_assert_state_consistent+0x2e/0x50
[ 1332.123219]  ? exit_to_user_mode_prepare+0x49/0x1a0
[ 1332.123223]  ? irqentry_exit_to_user_mode+0xd/0x20
[ 1332.123225]  ? irqentry_exit+0x3f/0x50
[ 1332.123226]  ? exc_page_fault+0x8e/0x190
[ 1332.123228]  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x6e/0xd8
[ 1332.123232] RIP: 0033:0x7fa74c514a37
[ 1332.123234] RSP: 002b:00007ffe31dd0788 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
[ 1332.123238] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000008 RCX: 00007fa74c514a37
[ 1332.123239] RDX: 0000000000000008 RSI: 000055e27c447aa0 RDI: 0000000000000001
[ 1332.123241] RBP: 000055e27c447aa0 R08: 00007fa74c5d1460 R09: 000000007fffffff
[ 1332.123242] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000008
[ 1332.123244] R13: 00007fa74c61a780 R14: 00007fa74c616600 R15: 00007fa74c615a00
[ 1332.123247]  </TASK>

Fix this by calling cpufreq_cpu_put() wherever necessary.

[ rjw: Subject and changelog edits ] It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 5.5 (Medium). Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[User] What's the mitigation for CVE-2026-27358?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2026-27358: apply the vendor's security update for ThemeGoods Architecturer to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Theme/architecturer/vulnerability/wordpress-architecturer-theme-3-8-8-reflected-cross-site-scripting-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve). Because the root cause is CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting (XSS)), also apply the class-level defense: context-aware output encoding, a strict Content-Security-Policy, input validation/sanitization (e.g., DOMPurify), HttpOnly/SameSite cookies, and framework auto-escaping. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 7.1 High.


[User] How do I fix CVE-2020-17504?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2020-17504: apply the vendor's security update for barco transform n to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://www.barco.com/en/support/cms). Because the root cause is CWE-77 (Command Injection), also apply the class-level defense: parameterized command execution, input validation/escaping, avoid dynamic command construction, and least privilege. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 7.2 High.


[User] Brief me on CVE-2019-5314.

[Assistant] CVE-2019-5314 is a vulnerability in Aruba Mobility Controllers, published 2019-09-13. Some web components in the ArubaOS software are vulnerable to HTTP Response splitting (CRLF injection) and Reflected XSS. An attacker would be able to accomplish this by sending certain URL parameters that would trigger this vulnerability. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 6.1 (Medium). It is classified as CWE-74 (Injection (Generic)). Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[User] Detection guidance for CVE-2022-48668?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2022-48668 in Linux: monitor the exposed service for anomalous requests matching the vulnerability pattern, unexpected child processes, new files, authentication anomalies, and outbound connections after suspicious requests. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[System] You are an expert cybersecurity assistant specializing in Security Operations Center (SOC) analysis, vulnerability management, threat intelligence, incident response, and cloud/DevSecOps. Provide accurate, actionable, technically precise guidance.

[User] CVE-2022-3051 — what weakness is it?

[Assistant] CVE-2022-3051 stems from CWE-787 (Out-of-bounds Write): the software writes past buffer bounds, corrupting memory and frequently enabling remote code execution. In this case: Heap buffer overflow in Exosphere in Google Chrome on Chrome OS, Lacros prior to 105.0.5195.52 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI interactions to potentially exploit heap corruption via crafted UI interactions. Prevention for this class: bounds checking, memory-safe languages, exploit mitigations, and rigorous fuzzing. This affects Google Chrome (CVSS 8.8 High).


[User] severity of CVE-2025-49217

[Assistant] CVE-2025-49217: An insecure deserialization operation in the Trend Micro Endpoint Encryption PolicyServer could lead to a pre-authentication remote code execution on affected installations. Note that this vulnerability is similar to CVE... Severity: CVSS 9.8 Critical (CWE-477). Fix: apply the vendor patch for Trend Micro, Inc. Trend Micro Endpoint Encryption Policy Server and restrict exposure until then. Check CISA KEV for active exploitation.


[User] What's the mitigation for CVE-2023-21062?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2023-21062: apply the vendor's security update for Android to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2023-03-01). Because the root cause is CWE-125 (Out-of-bounds Read), also apply the class-level defense: bounds checking, memory-safe languages, and validating lengths/indices before access. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 6.7 Medium.


[System] You are a blue-team mentor helping a junior analyst learn. Explain clearly but keep technical rigor.

[User] Executive summary of CVE-2020-8554 for leadership.

[Assistant] Executive summary — CVE-2020-8554 (Kubernetes Man-in-the-Middle (ExternalIP)): A high-severity flaw in Kubernetes Kubernetes API (Services). An attacker could mitm via service externalip/loadbalancer, and it has been flagged as serious. Impact: possible breach, disruption, regulatory exposure. Action: patch within emergency SLA, verify no prior compromise. Rating: CVSS 6.3.


[System] You are a threat intelligence analyst. Provide context on adversaries, TTPs, exploitation, and MITRE ATT&CK mapping.

[User] CVE-2024-21277 remediation?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2024-21277: apply the vendor's security update for Oracle Corporation Oracle MES for Process Manufacturing to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2024.html). Because the root cause is CWE-863 (Incorrect Authorization), also apply the class-level defense: simplify and centralize authorization, test with role matrices, and avoid client-side-only checks. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 8.1 High.


[System] You are a vulnerability management lead. Explain CVEs, severity, exploitation, and prioritized remediation.

[User] How do I fix CVE-2018-3295?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2018-3295: apply the vendor's security update for Oracle Corporation VM VirtualBox to a fixed version (consult the advisory: http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-07/msg00056.html). Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 8.6 High.


[System] You are a helpful cybersecurity expert. Be accurate and practical.

[User] CVE-2020-3249 remediation?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2020-3249: apply the vendor's security update for Cisco UCS Director to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-ucsd-mult-vulns-UNfpdW4E). Because the root cause is CWE-20 (Improper Input Validation), also apply the class-level defense: strict allow-list validation, canonicalization before checks, type/length/range enforcement, and fuzzing to find edge cases. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 7.5 High.


[System] You are a senior SOC analyst. Help triage alerts, interpret vulnerabilities, and recommend concrete next steps.

[User] Give me a rundown of CVE-2025-11138.

[Assistant] CVE-2025-11138 is a vulnerability in mirweiye wenkucms, published 2025-09-29. A vulnerability was found in mirweiye wenkucms up to 3.4. This impacts the function createPathOne of the file app/common/common.php. The manipulation results in os command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. It carries a CVSS 4.0 base score of 2.1 (Low). It is classified as CWE-77 (Command Injection). Given its low severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a senior SOC analyst. Help triage alerts, interpret vulnerabilities, and recommend concrete next steps.

[User] What is CVE-2022-42905?

[Assistant] CVE-2022-42905 is a vulnerability in wolfssl, published 2022-11-07. In wolfSSL before 5.5.2, if callback functions are enabled (via the WOLFSSL_CALLBACKS flag), then a malicious TLS 1.3 client or network attacker can trigger a buffer over-read on the heap of 5 bytes. (WOLFSSL_CALLBACKS is only intended for debugging.) It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.1 (Critical). It is classified as CWE-125 (Out-of-bounds Read). Given its critical severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[User] Explain CVE-2025-29974.

[Assistant] CVE-2025-29974 is a vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1507, published 2025-05-13. Integer underflow (wrap or wraparound) in Windows Kernel allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over an adjacent network. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 5.7 (Medium). It is classified as CWE-125 (Out-of-bounds Read). Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a cybersecurity assistant. Answer the user's security question accurately.

[User] tell me about CVE-2024-29839

[Assistant] CVE-2024-29839: The Web interface of Evolution Controller Versions 2.04.560.31.03.2024 and below contains poorly configured access control on DESKTOP_EDIT_USER_GET_CARD, allowing for an unauthenticated attacker to return the card value... Severity: CVSS 7.5 High (CWE-200). Fix: apply the vendor patch for CS Technologies Australia Evolution Controller and restrict exposure until then. Check CISA KEV for active exploitation.


[System] You are an incident responder. Give clear, phase-based (NIST SP 800-61) guidance for containment, eradication, and recovery.

[User] How do I fix CVE-2025-49289?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2025-49289: apply the vendor's security update for add-ons.org PDF for WPForms to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/pdf-for-wpforms/vulnerability/wordpress-pdf-for-wpforms-5-5-0-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve). Because the root cause is CWE-862 (Missing Authorization), also apply the class-level defense: centralized authorization checks on every request, object-level access control (prevent IDOR), and deny-by-default. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 5.0 Medium.


[System] You are an experienced CISO advisor. Translate technical risk into clear, prioritized action.

[User] What kind of bug is CVE-2019-1745?

[Assistant] CVE-2019-1745 stems from CWE-78 (OS Command Injection): untrusted input reaches a system shell, letting an attacker execute arbitrary OS commands with the application's privileges. In this case: A vulnerability in Cisco IOS XE Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to inject arbitrary commands that are executed with elevated privileges. The vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation of commands supplied by the user. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by authenticating to a device and submitting crafted input to the affected commands. An exploit could allow the attacker to gain root privileges on the affected device. Prevention for this class: avoid shells; use parameterized APIs (execve with arg arrays), strict allow-list validation, and least-privilege service accounts. This affects Cisco IOS XE Software (CVSS 7.8 High).


[User] CVE-2021-33069 remediation

[Assistant] CVE-2021-33069: Improper resource shutdown or release in firmware for some Intel(R) SSD, Intel(R) SSD DC, Intel(R) Optane(TM) SSD and Intel(R) Optane(TM) SSD DC may allow a privileged user to potentially enable denial of service via loc... Severity: CVSS 5.5 Medium (CWE-404). Fix: apply the vendor patch for Intel(R) SSD, Intel(R) SSD DC, Intel(R) Optane(TM) SSD and Intel(R) Optane(TM) SSD DC and restrict exposure until then. Check CISA KEV for active exploitation.


[System] You are a concise security assistant. Give correct, no-fluff answers.

[User] Explain the CVSS vector of CVE-2022-20502.

[Assistant] CVE-2022-20502 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 5.5 (Medium), vector CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N. In practice it is exploitable per the vector's access requirements. Prioritize per exposure. The impact and exploitability are encoded in the vector (attack vector/complexity, privileges, user interaction, and CIA impact).


[System] You are an incident responder. Give clear, phase-based (NIST SP 800-61) guidance for containment, eradication, and recovery.

[User] How do I fix CVE-2023-5954?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2023-5954: apply the vendor's security update for HashiCorp Vault to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2023-33-vault-requests-triggering-policy-checks-may-lead-to-unbounded-memory-consumption/59926). Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 7.5 High.


[User] Brief me on CVE-2019-1752.

[Assistant] CVE-2019-1752 is a vulnerability in Cisco IOS and IOS XE Software, published 2019-03-28. A vulnerability in the ISDN functions of Cisco IOS Software and Cisco IOS XE Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause the device to reload. The vulnerability is due to incorrect processing of specific values in the Q.931 information elements. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by calling the affected device with specific Q.931 information elements being present. An exploit could allow the attacker to cause the device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition on an affected device. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.5 (High). It is classified as CWE-20 (Improper Input Validation). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a senior SOC analyst. Help triage alerts, interpret vulnerabilities, and recommend concrete next steps.

[User] Give me a rundown of CVE-2023-21077.

[Assistant] CVE-2023-21077 is a vulnerability in Android, published 2023-03-24. In rtt_unpack_xtlv_cbfn of dhd_rtt.c, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a buffer overflow. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-257289560References: N/A It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 6.7 (Medium). It is classified as CWE-787 (Out-of-bounds Write). Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a vulnerability management lead. Explain CVEs, severity, exploitation, and prioritized remediation.

[User] Brief me on CVE-2024-0006.

[Assistant] CVE-2024-0006 is a vulnerability in YugabyteDB Anywhere, published 2024-07-19. Information exposure in the logging system in Yugabyte Platform allows local attackers with access to application logs to obtain database user credentials in log files, potentially leading to unauthorized database access. It carries a CVSS 4.0 base score of 5.4 (Medium). It is classified as CWE-532. Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a senior SOC analyst. Help triage alerts, interpret vulnerabilities, and recommend concrete next steps.

[User] Explain the CVSS vector of CVE-2018-14714.

[Assistant] CVE-2018-14714 has a CVSS 3.0 base score of 9.8 (Critical), vector CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. In practice it is exploitable unauthenticated over the network. Treat as an emergency patch. The impact and exploitability are encoded in the vector (attack vector/complexity, privileges, user interaction, and CIA impact).


[System] You are a detection engineer. Turn threats and CVEs into practical detection logic, log sources, and tuning advice.

[User] Explain CVE-2026-25702.

[Assistant] CVE-2026-25702 is a vulnerability in SUSE Linux Enterprise Server, published 2026-03-05. A Improper Access Control vulnerability in the kernel of SUSE SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5 breaks nftables, causing firewall rules applied via nftables to not be effective.This issue affects SUSE Linux Enterprise Server: from 9e6d9d4601768c75fdb0bad3fbbe636e748939c2 before 9c294edb7085fb91650bc12233495a8974c5ff2d. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 (Critical). It is classified as CWE-284 (Improper Access Control). Given its critical severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a SOC copilot embedded in a SIEM. Provide precise, actionable analyst guidance.

[User] CVE-2018-7361 — what is it?

[Assistant] CVE-2018-7361 is a vulnerability in ZTE ZXHN F670, published 2018-11-16. All versions up to V1.1.10P3T18 of ZTE ZXHN F670 product are impacted by null pointer dereference vulnerability, which may allows an attacker to cause a denial of service via appviahttp service. It carries a CVSS 3.0 base score of 6.5 (Medium). It is classified as CWE-476 (NULL Pointer Dereference). Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are an expert cybersecurity assistant specializing in Security Operations Center (SOC) analysis, vulnerability management, threat intelligence, incident response, and cloud/DevSecOps. Provide accurate, actionable, technically precise guidance.

[User] Detection guidance for CVE-2022-3018?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2022-3018 in GitLab: monitor the exposed service for anomalous requests matching the vulnerability pattern, unexpected child processes, new files, authentication anomalies, and outbound connections after suspicious requests. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[User] CVE-2022-42983 remediation?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2022-42983: apply the vendor's security update for anji-plus aj-report to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://gitee.com/anji-plus/report/issues/I5VVZ0). Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 8.8 High.


[System] You are a concise security assistant. Give correct, no-fluff answers.

[User] Brief me on CVE-2021-1112.

[Assistant] CVE-2021-1112 is a vulnerability in NVIDIA Jetson AGX Xavier series, Jetson Xavier NX, Jetson TX2 series, Jetson TX2 NX, Jetson Nano, Jetson Nano 2GB, Jetson TX1, published 2021-08-11. NVIDIA Linux kernel distributions contain a vulnerability in nvmap, where a null pointer dereference may lead to complete denial of service. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 5.5 (Medium). It is classified as CWE-476 (NULL Pointer Dereference). Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a SOC copilot embedded in a SIEM. Provide precise, actionable analyst guidance.

[User] Brief me on CVE-2018-5743.

[Assistant] CVE-2018-5743 is a vulnerability in ISC BIND 9, published 2019-10-09. By design, BIND is intended to limit the number of TCP clients that can be connected at any given time. The number of allowed connections is a tunable parameter which, if unset, defaults to a conservative value for most servers. Unfortunately, the code which was intended to limit the number of simultaneous connections contained an error which could be exploited to grow the number of simultaneous connections beyond this limit. Versions affected: BIND 9.9.0 -> 9.10.8-P1, 9.11.0 -> 9.11.6, 9.12.0 -> 9.12.4, 9.14.0. BIND 9 Supported Preview Edition versions 9.9.3-S1 -> 9.11.5-S3, and 9.11.5-S5. Versions 9.13.0 -> 9.13.7 of the 9.13 development branch are also affected. Versions prior to BIND 9.9.0 have not been evaluated for vulnerability to CVE-2018-5743. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.5 (High). It is classified as CWE-770 (Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a security operations expert. Prioritize actionable detection, response, and remediation guidance grounded in real-world tradecraft.

[User] Give me a rundown of CVE-2024-43352.

[Assistant] CVE-2024-43352 is a vulnerability in Organic Themes GivingPress Lite, published 2024-08-18. Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (XSS or 'Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in Organic Themes GivingPress Lite allows Stored XSS.This issue affects GivingPress Lite: from n/a through 1.8.6. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 6.5 (Medium). It is classified as CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting (XSS)). Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a threat intelligence analyst. Provide context on adversaries, TTPs, exploitation, and MITRE ATT&CK mapping.

[User] What's the mitigation for CVE-2021-27623?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2021-27623: apply the vendor's security update for SAP SE SAP Internet Graphics Service to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://launchpad.support.sap.com/#/notes/3021050). Because the root cause is CWE-787 (Out-of-bounds Write), also apply the class-level defense: bounds checking, memory-safe languages, exploit mitigations, and rigorous fuzzing. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 5.9 Medium.


[System] You are an experienced CISO advisor. Translate technical risk into clear, prioritized action.

[User] How to remediate CVE-2022-49806?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2022-49806: apply the vendor's security update for Linux to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/456327e565dc49d18b2f595f39f47df8a36f1057). Because the root cause is CWE-476 (NULL Pointer Dereference), also apply the class-level defense: null checks, defensive coding, and static analysis. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 5.5 Medium.


[System] You are a purple-team specialist. Bridge offensive techniques and defensive detection/mitigation.

[User] CVE-2018-25408 — what weakness is it?

[Assistant] CVE-2018-25408 stems from CWE-22 (Path Traversal): user-controlled path input containing ../ sequences lets an attacker read or write files outside the intended directory, often exposing credentials/config or enabling code execution. In this case: The Open ISES Project 3.30A contains a path traversal vulnerability in the ajax/download.php endpoint that allows unauthenticated attackers to download arbitrary files by manipulating the filename parameter. Attackers can supply directory traversal sequences ../ in the filename parameter to access files outside the intended directory, including configuration files and system files. Prevention for this class: canonicalize and validate paths against an allow-list, avoid passing user input to filesystem APIs, run with least privilege, and use chroot/containers. This affects Openises Open ISES Project (CVSS 8.7 High).


[System] You are an expert cybersecurity assistant specializing in Security Operations Center (SOC) analysis, vulnerability management, threat intelligence, incident response, and cloud/DevSecOps. Provide accurate, actionable, technically precise guidance.

[User] cve-2022-34632

[Assistant] CVE-2022-34632: Rocket-Chip commit 4f8114374d8824dfdec03f576a8cd68bebce4e56 was discovered to contain insufficient cryptography via the component /rocket/RocketCore.scala. Severity: CVSS 9.1 Critical (CWE-327). Fix: apply the vendor patch for linuxfoundation rocket chip generator and restrict exposure until then. Check CISA KEV for active exploitation.


[System] You are a security operations expert. Prioritize actionable detection, response, and remediation guidance grounded in real-world tradecraft.

[User] Root cause of CVE-2022-46338?

[Assistant] CVE-2022-46338 stems from CWE-732 (Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource): a security-critical resource has overly permissive permissions, allowing unauthorized read/write. In this case: g810-led 0.4.2, a LED configuration tool for Logitech Gx10 keyboards, contained a udev rule to make supported device nodes world-readable and writable, allowing any process on the system to read traffic from keyboards, including sensitive data. Prevention for this class: least-privilege file/object permissions, secure defaults, and configuration reviews. This affects g810-led project g810-led (CVSS 6.5 Medium).


[System] You are a senior SOC analyst. Help triage alerts, interpret vulnerabilities, and recommend concrete next steps.

[User] Detection guidance for CVE-2020-13268?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2020-13268 (CWE-200 — Exposure of Sensitive Information) in GitLab: unusual access to sensitive endpoints/files, large data reads, and leaked-credential reuse. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[System] You are a helpful cybersecurity expert. Be accurate and practical.

[User] CVSS breakdown for CVE-2026-25707?

[Assistant] CVE-2026-25707 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8 (High), vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. In practice it is exploitable unauthenticated over the network. Treat as high priority. The impact and exploitability are encoded in the vector (attack vector/complexity, privileges, user interaction, and CIA impact).


[System] You are a detection engineer. Turn threats and CVEs into practical detection logic, log sources, and tuning advice.

[User] Explain CVE-2023-0085.

[Assistant] CVE-2023-0085 is a vulnerability in roxnor MetForm – Contact Form, Survey, Quiz, & Custom Form Builder for Elementor, published 2023-03-02. The Metform Elementor Contact Form Builder plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to reCaptcha Bypass in versions up to, and including, 3.2.1. This is due to insufficient server side checking on the captcha value submitted during a form submission. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to bypass Captcha restrictions and for attackers to utilize bots to submit forms. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 5.3 (Medium). It is classified as CWE-693. Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a SOC copilot embedded in a SIEM. Provide precise, actionable analyst guidance.

[User] CVSS breakdown for CVE-2020-35913?

[Assistant] CVE-2020-35913 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 4.7 (Medium), vector CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H. In practice it is exploitable per the vector's access requirements. Prioritize per exposure. The impact and exploitability are encoded in the vector (attack vector/complexity, privileges, user interaction, and CIA impact).


[System] You are a vulnerability management lead. Explain CVEs, severity, exploitation, and prioritized remediation.

[User] CVE-2019-19562 remediation?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2019-19562: apply the vendor's security update for harman hermes to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://media.daimler.com/marsMediaSite/en/instance/ko/Mercedes-Benz-and-360-Group-to-join-forces-Mercedes-Benz-and-360-Group-with-its-Cyber-Security-Brain-work-together-to-strengthen-car-IT-security-for-industry.xhtml?oid=45208829). Because the root cause is CWE-287 (Improper Authentication), also apply the class-level defense: proven auth frameworks, MFA, secure session management, and rejecting alternate/inconsistent auth paths. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 4.6 Medium.


[System] You are a security operations expert. Prioritize actionable detection, response, and remediation guidance grounded in real-world tradecraft.

[User] patch CVE-2022-40539?

[Assistant] CVE-2022-40539: Memory corruption in Automotive Android OS due to improper validation of array index. Severity: CVSS 7.8 High (CWE-284). Fix: apply the vendor patch for Qualcomm, Inc. Snapdragon and restrict exposure until then. Check CISA KEV for active exploitation.


[System] You are a threat intelligence analyst. Provide context on adversaries, TTPs, exploitation, and MITRE ATT&CK mapping.

[User] How do I fix CVE-2022-20536?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2022-20536: apply the vendor's security update for Android to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2022-12-01). Because the root cause is CWE-862 (Missing Authorization), also apply the class-level defense: centralized authorization checks on every request, object-level access control (prevent IDOR), and deny-by-default. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 3.3 Low.


[User] What is CVE-2018-15460?

[Assistant] CVE-2018-15460 is a vulnerability in Cisco Email Security Appliance (ESA), published 2019-01-10. A vulnerability in the email message filtering feature of Cisco AsyncOS Software for Cisco Email Security Appliances (ESA) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause the CPU utilization to increase to 100 percent, causing a denial of service (DoS) condition on an affected device. The vulnerability is due to improper filtering of email messages that contain references to whitelisted URLs. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a malicious email message that contains a large number of whitelisted URLs. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause a sustained DoS condition that could force the affected device to stop scanning and forwarding email messages. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.6 (High). It is classified as CWE-20 (Improper Input Validation). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[User] How would a SOC catch CVE-2023-25056 being exploited?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2023-25056 (CWE-352 — Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)) in SlickRemix Feed Them Social: unusual state-changing requests without expected tokens/headers and referer mismatches in web logs. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[System] You are a helpful cybersecurity expert. Be accurate and practical.

[User] What's the mitigation for CVE-2023-25094?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2023-25094: apply the vendor's security update for Milesight UR32L to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1716). Because the root cause is CWE-121 (Stack-based Buffer Overflow), also apply the class-level defense: stack canaries, bounds checking, memory-safe languages, and ASLR/DEP. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 7.2 High.


[System] You are a blue-team mentor helping a junior analyst learn. Explain clearly but keep technical rigor.

[User] How would a SOC catch CVE-2022-24045 being exploited?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2022-24045 in Siemens Desigo DXR2: monitor the exposed service for anomalous requests matching the vulnerability pattern, unexpected child processes, new files, authentication anomalies, and outbound connections after suspicious requests. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[System] You are an incident responder. Give clear, phase-based (NIST SP 800-61) guidance for containment, eradication, and recovery.

[User] Explain the CVSS vector of CVE-2020-8879.

[Assistant] CVE-2020-8879 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 4.3 (Medium), vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N. In practice it is exploitable unauthenticated over the network. Prioritize per exposure. The impact and exploitability are encoded in the vector (attack vector/complexity, privileges, user interaction, and CIA impact).


[System] You are a detection engineer. Turn threats and CVEs into practical detection logic, log sources, and tuning advice.

[User] cve-2022-48605

[Assistant] CVE-2022-48605: Input verification vulnerability in the fingerprint module. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability will affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Severity: CVSS 9.8 Critical (CWE-20). Fix: apply the vendor patch for Huawei HarmonyOS and restrict exposure until then. Check CISA KEV for active exploitation.


[System] You are a cybersecurity assistant. Answer the user's security question accurately.

[User] What is CVE-2019-25271?

[Assistant] CVE-2019-25271 is a vulnerability in NETGATE Data Backup, published 2026-02-05. NETGATE Data Backup 3.0.620 contains an unquoted service path vulnerability in its NGDatBckpSrv Windows service configuration. Attackers can exploit the unquoted path to inject and execute malicious code with LocalSystem privileges by placing executable files in specific directory locations. It carries a CVSS 4.0 base score of 8.5 (High). It is classified as CWE-428. Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a concise security assistant. Give correct, no-fluff answers.

[User] Patch guidance for CVE-2021-29904?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2021-29904: apply the vendor's security update for IBM Jazz for Service Management to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/207610). Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 5.5 Medium.


[System] You are a SOC copilot embedded in a SIEM. Provide precise, actionable analyst guidance.

[User] Detection guidance for CVE-2021-38492?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2021-38492 in Mozilla Firefox: monitor the exposed service for anomalous requests matching the vulnerability pattern, unexpected child processes, new files, authentication anomalies, and outbound connections after suspicious requests. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[System] You are a detection engineer. Turn threats and CVEs into practical detection logic, log sources, and tuning advice.

[User] How to remediate CVE-2021-25426?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2021-25426: apply the vendor's security update for Samsung Mobile Devices to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://blog.oversecured.com/Two-weeks-of-securing-Samsung-devices-Part-2/). Because the root cause is CWE-200 (Exposure of Sensitive Information), also apply the class-level defense: least data exposure, proper access control, scrub errors/logs, and encrypt sensitive data. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 7.5 High.


[System] You are an experienced CISO advisor. Translate technical risk into clear, prioritized action.

[User] Root cause of CVE-2024-28050?

[Assistant] CVE-2024-28050 stems from CWE-284 (Improper Access Control): access to a resource or function is not properly restricted, enabling unauthorized use or privilege escalation. In this case: Improper access control in some Intel(R) Arc(TM) & Iris(R) Xe Graphics software before version 31.0.101.4824 may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable denial of service via local access. Prevention for this class: deny-by-default authorization, centralized policy enforcement, and thorough role testing. This affects Intel(R) Arc(TM) & Iris(R) Xe Graphics software (CVSS 5.1 Medium).


[System] You are a vulnerability management lead. Explain CVEs, severity, exploitation, and prioritized remediation.

[User] CVE-2024-57030 remediation?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2024-57030: apply the vendor's security update for wegia to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://github.com/nmmorette/vulnerability-research/tree/main/CVE-2024-57030). Because the root cause is CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting (XSS)), also apply the class-level defense: context-aware output encoding, a strict Content-Security-Policy, input validation/sanitization (e.g., DOMPurify), HttpOnly/SameSite cookies, and framework auto-escaping. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 8.1 High.


[System] You are a threat intelligence analyst. Provide context on adversaries, TTPs, exploitation, and MITRE ATT&CK mapping.

[User] Patch guidance for CVE-2025-7788?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2025-7788: apply the vendor's security update for Xuxueli xxl-job to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://github.com/xuxueli/xxl-job/issues/3750). Because the root cause is CWE-77 (Command Injection), also apply the class-level defense: parameterized command execution, input validation/escaping, avoid dynamic command construction, and least privilege. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 2.1 Low.


[User] How do I detect exploitation of CVE-2018-8169?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2018-8169 (CWE-404 — Improper Resource Shutdown or Release) in Microsoft Windows 7: gradual resource exhaustion, handle/memory growth, and stability alerts. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.