[System] You are a vulnerability management lead. Explain CVEs, severity, exploitation, and prioritized remediation.

[User] How to remediate CVE-2022-36958?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2022-36958: apply the vendor's security update for SolarWinds Platform to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://www.solarwinds.com/trust-center/security-advisories/CVE-2022-36958). Because the root cause is CWE-502 (Deserialization of Untrusted Data), also apply the class-level defense: avoid native deserialization of untrusted input, use data-only formats (JSON with schema), allow-list classes, and integrity-check serialized data. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 8.8 High.


[System] You are a threat intelligence analyst. Provide context on adversaries, TTPs, exploitation, and MITRE ATT&CK mapping.

[User] tell me about CVE-2019-18899

[Assistant] CVE-2019-18899: The apt-cacher-ng package of openSUSE Leap 15.1 runs operations in user owned directory /run/apt-cacher-ng with root privileges. This can allow local attackers to influence the outcome of these operations. This issue aff... Severity: CVSS 5.5 Medium (CWE-269). Fix: apply the vendor patch for openSUSE Leap 15.1 and restrict exposure until then. Check CISA KEV for active exploitation.


[System] You are a senior SOC analyst. Help triage alerts, interpret vulnerabilities, and recommend concrete next steps.

[User] Patch guidance for CVE-2019-8462?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2019-8462: apply the vendor's security update for Check Point Security Gateway to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://supportcenter.checkpoint.com/supportcenter/portal?eventSubmit_doGoviewsolutiondetails=&solutionid=sk153152). Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 7.5 High.


[System] You are a threat intelligence analyst. Provide context on adversaries, TTPs, exploitation, and MITRE ATT&CK mapping.

[User] CVE-2019-25229 remediation?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2019-25229: apply the vendor's security update for Kentico Xperience to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://devnet.kentico.com/download/hotfixes). Because the root cause is CWE-434 (Unrestricted File Upload), also apply the class-level defense: allow-list file types by content, store uploads outside the web root, randomize names, disable execution in upload dirs, and scan files. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 8.7 High.


[System] You are an expert cybersecurity assistant specializing in Security Operations Center (SOC) analysis, vulnerability management, threat intelligence, incident response, and cloud/DevSecOps. Provide accurate, actionable, technically precise guidance.

[User] Patch guidance for CVE-2023-21015?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2023-21015: apply the vendor's security update for Android to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2023-03-01). Because the root cause is CWE-862 (Missing Authorization), also apply the class-level defense: centralized authorization checks on every request, object-level access control (prevent IDOR), and deny-by-default. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 7.8 High.


[System] You are a security operations expert. Prioritize actionable detection, response, and remediation guidance grounded in real-world tradecraft.

[User] How do I fix CVE-2024-46717?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2024-46717: apply the vendor's security update for Linux to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/03924d117625ecb10ee3c9b65930bcb2c37ae629). Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 5.5 Medium.


[System] You are a cybersecurity assistant. Answer the user's security question accurately.

[User] Explain CVE-2021-32021.

[Assistant] CVE-2021-32021 is a vulnerability in BlackBerry Protect for Windows, published 2021-11-10. A denial of service vulnerability in the message broker of BlackBerry Protect for Windows version(s) versions 1574 and earlier could allow an attacker to potentially execute code in the context of a BlackBerry Cylance service that has admin rights on the system. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.8 (High). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are an experienced CISO advisor. Translate technical risk into clear, prioritized action.

[User] Brief me on CVE-2018-10999.

[Assistant] CVE-2018-10999 is a vulnerability in exiv2, published 2018-05-12. An issue was discovered in Exiv2 0.26. The Exiv2::Internal::PngChunk::parseTXTChunk function has a heap-based buffer over-read. It carries a CVSS 3.0 base score of 6.5 (Medium). It is classified as CWE-125 (Out-of-bounds Read). Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a vulnerability management lead. Explain CVEs, severity, exploitation, and prioritized remediation.

[User] Brief me on CVE-2026-10961.

[Assistant] CVE-2026-10961 is a vulnerability in Google Chrome, published 2026-06-04. Use after free in Chrome for iOS in Google Chrome on iOS prior to 149.0.7827.53 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High) It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.3 (High). It is classified as CWE-416 (Use After Free). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a purple-team specialist. Bridge offensive techniques and defensive detection/mitigation.

[User] What is CVE-2021-42633?

[Assistant] CVE-2021-42633 is a vulnerability in printerlogic web stack, published 2022-02-02. PrinterLogic Web Stack versions 19.1.1.13 SP9 and below are vulnerable to SQL Injection, which may allow an attacker to access additional audit records. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 5.3 (Medium). It is classified as CWE-89 (SQL Injection). Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a helpful cybersecurity expert. Be accurate and practical.

[User] Root cause of CVE-2023-48116?

[Assistant] CVE-2023-48116 stems from CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting (XSS)): the application includes untrusted input in web output without proper encoding, letting an attacker run script in victims' browsers to steal sessions, perform actions, or deface pages. In this case: SmarterTools SmarterMail 8495 through 8664 before 8747 allows stored XSS via a crafted description of a Calendar appointment. Prevention for this class: context-aware output encoding, a strict Content-Security-Policy, input validation/sanitization (e.g., DOMPurify), HttpOnly/SameSite cookies, and framework auto-escaping. This affects smartertools smartermail (CVSS 5.4 Medium).


[System] You are an expert cybersecurity assistant specializing in Security Operations Center (SOC) analysis, vulnerability management, threat intelligence, incident response, and cloud/DevSecOps. Provide accurate, actionable, technically precise guidance.

[User] How to remediate CVE-2023-21061?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2023-21061: apply the vendor's security update for Android to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2023-03-01). Because the root cause is CWE-400 (Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (DoS)), also apply the class-level defense: rate limiting, timeouts, input size limits, and resource quotas. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 7.5 High.


[User] How do I fix CVE-2020-35970?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2020-35970: apply the vendor's security update for yzmcms to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://github.com/yzmcms/yzmcms/issues/53). Because the root cause is CWE-918 (Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)), also apply the class-level defense: allow-list outbound destinations, block link-local/metadata ranges, use IMDSv2, and validate/parse URLs safely. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 7.5 High.


[System] You are a cloud security and DevSecOps engineer. Advise on securing cloud, containers, Kubernetes, CI/CD, and IaC.

[User] Patch guidance for CVE-2018-5740?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2018-5740: apply the vendor's security update for ISC BIND 9 to a fixed version (consult the advisory: http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-06/msg00026.html). Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 7.5 High.


[System] You are a cloud security and DevSecOps engineer. Advise on securing cloud, containers, Kubernetes, CI/CD, and IaC.

[User] How do I fix CVE-2019-16384?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2019-16384: apply the vendor's security update for cybelesoft thinfinity virtualui to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://labs.nettitude.com/blog/cve-2019-16384-85-cyblesoft-thinfinity-virtualui-path-traversal-http-header-injection/). Because the root cause is CWE-22 (Path Traversal), also apply the class-level defense: canonicalize and validate paths against an allow-list, avoid passing user input to filesystem APIs, run with least privilege, and use chroot/containers. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 6.5 Medium.


[System] You are a helpful cybersecurity expert. Be accurate and practical.

[User] How do I fix CVE-2020-35920?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2020-35920: apply the vendor's security update for rust-lang socket2 to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://rustsec.org/advisories/RUSTSEC-2020-0079.html). Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 5.5 Medium.


[System] You are a purple-team specialist. Bridge offensive techniques and defensive detection/mitigation.

[User] Detection guidance for CVE-2026-46896?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2026-46896 (CWE-284 — Improper Access Control) in Oracle Corporation Oracle Enterprise Command Center Framework: access-control boundary anomalies and unauthorized privileged actions. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[System] You are a vulnerability management lead. Explain CVEs, severity, exploitation, and prioritized remediation.

[User] Give an IR playbook for confirmed F5 BIG-IP TMUI RCE exploitation.

[Assistant]
IR for confirmed CVE-2020-5902 (NIST 800-61):
- Detection & Analysis: confirm the vector on F5 BIG-IP TMUI; build the timeline (T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application, T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter).
- Containment: isolate the asset, block C2, disable exposed accounts; preserve disk/memory.
- Eradication: Upgrade BIG-IP; restrict TMUI/management to a secure network; apply the URI-based mitigations from F5 K52145254. Remove webshells/implants/persistence.
- Recovery: rebuild from known-good; monitor closely.
- Post-Incident: root-cause the patch gap, add detections, tighten KEV SLA.


[System] You are an incident responder. Give clear, phase-based (NIST SP 800-61) guidance for containment, eradication, and recovery.

[User] CVE-2021-37364 detection

[Assistant] CVE-2021-37364: OpenClinic GA 5.194.18 is affected by Insecure Permissions. By default the Authenticated Users group has the modify permission to openclinic folders/files. A low privilege account is able to rename mysqld.exe or tomcat8.... Severity: CVSS 7.8 High (CWE-732). Fix: apply the vendor patch for openclinic ga project openclinic ga and restrict exposure until then. Check CISA KEV for active exploitation.


[System] You are an expert cybersecurity assistant specializing in Security Operations Center (SOC) analysis, vulnerability management, threat intelligence, incident response, and cloud/DevSecOps. Provide accurate, actionable, technically precise guidance.

[User] How do I fix CVE-2026-12686?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2026-12686: apply the vendor's security update for Adiss Biloop to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://www.incibe.es/en/incibe-cert/notices/aviso/incorrect-authorisation-adisss-biloop). Because the root cause is CWE-639 (Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key (IDOR)), also apply the class-level defense: per-object authorization checks, indirect references, and deny-by-default. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 9.3 Critical.


[User] Give me a rundown of CVE-2019-11283.

[Assistant] CVE-2019-11283 is a vulnerability in Cloud Foundry SMB Volume, published 2019-10-23. Cloud Foundry SMB Volume, versions prior to v2.0.3, accidentally outputs sensitive information to the logs. A remote user with access to the SMB Volume logs can discover the username and password for volumes that have been recently created, allowing the user to take control of the SMB Volume. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8 (High). It is classified as CWE-532. Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a SOC copilot embedded in a SIEM. Provide precise, actionable analyst guidance.

[User] How would a SOC catch CVE-2023-40000 being exploited?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2023-40000 (CWE-79 — Cross-site Scripting (XSS)) in LiteSpeed Technologies LiteSpeed Cache: WAF alerts on <script>/onerror/javascript: payloads in parameters, spikes in reflected input, and anomalous DOM-based requests; monitor for session-token theft patterns. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[System] You are a SOC copilot embedded in a SIEM. Provide precise, actionable analyst guidance.

[User] How is CVE-2018-11776 exploited in the wild?

[Assistant] Exploitation of CVE-2018-11776: Exploited for cryptomining and webshells; Struts flaws are historically tied to the 2017 Equifax breach lineage. Mechanically, the rce via ognl when namespace unset in Apache Struts 2 lets the attacker act as described. Associated actors: Opportunistic crimeware. ATT&CK: T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application, T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter.


[System] You are a concise security assistant. Give correct, no-fluff answers.

[User] Detection guidance for CVE-2019-11268?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2019-11268 (CWE-200 — Exposure of Sensitive Information) in Cloud Foundry UAA Release (OSS): unusual access to sensitive endpoints/files, large data reads, and leaked-credential reuse. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[User] How would a SOC catch CVE-2022-22929 being exploited?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2022-22929 (CWE-434 — Unrestricted File Upload) in mingsoft mcms: new script files appearing in web directories, uploads with executable extensions, and web server spawning shells. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[System] You are a threat intelligence analyst. Provide context on adversaries, TTPs, exploitation, and MITRE ATT&CK mapping.

[User] What is CVE-2020-19640?

[Assistant] CVE-2020-19640 is a vulnerability in insma wifi mini spy 1080p hd security ip camera firmware, published 2021-03-30. An issue was discovered in INSMA Wifi Mini Spy 1080P HD Security IP Camera 1.9.7 B. An unauthenticated attacker can reboot the device causing a Denial of Service, via a hidden reboot command to '/media/?action=cmd'. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.5 (High). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a cloud security and DevSecOps engineer. Advise on securing cloud, containers, Kubernetes, CI/CD, and IaC.

[User] Give me a rundown of CVE-2022-42943.

[Assistant] CVE-2022-42943 is a vulnerability in Autodesk Design Review, published 2022-10-21. A malicious crafted dwf or .pct file when consumed through DesignReview.exe application could lead to memory corruption vulnerability by read access violation. This vulnerability in conjunction with other vulnerabilities could lead to code execution in the context of the current process. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.8 (High). It is classified as CWE-787 (Out-of-bounds Write). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a concise security assistant. Give correct, no-fluff answers.

[User] How do I fix CVE-2026-46851?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2026-46851: apply the vendor's security update for Oracle Corporation PeopleSoft Enterprise CS Campus Community to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cspujun2026.html). Because the root cause is CWE-94 (Improper Control of Generation of Code (Code Injection)), also apply the class-level defense: never eval untrusted input, use safe templating/sandboxes, and strict input validation. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 8.1 High.


[System] You are an experienced CISO advisor. Translate technical risk into clear, prioritized action.

[User] Explain the CVSS vector of CVE-2026-45076.

[Assistant] CVE-2026-45076 has a CVSS 4.0 base score of 5.1 (Medium), vector CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X. In practice it is exploitable over the network. Prioritize per exposure. The impact and exploitability are encoded in the vector (attack vector/complexity, privileges, user interaction, and CIA impact).


[System] You are a cloud security and DevSecOps engineer. Advise on securing cloud, containers, Kubernetes, CI/CD, and IaC.

[User] How severe is CVE-2020-25855?

[Assistant] CVE-2020-25855 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.1 (High), vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. In practice it is exploitable unauthenticated over the network. Treat as high priority. The impact and exploitability are encoded in the vector (attack vector/complexity, privileges, user interaction, and CIA impact).


[System] You are a cybersecurity assistant. Answer the user's security question accurately.

[User] How do I detect exploitation of CVE-2019-13379?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2019-13379 (CWE-668 — Exposure of Resource to Wrong Sphere) in avtech room alert 3e firmware: cross-boundary access and unexpected resource visibility. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[System] You are a threat intelligence analyst. Provide context on adversaries, TTPs, exploitation, and MITRE ATT&CK mapping.

[User] Patch guidance for CVE-2021-0078?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2021-0078: apply the vendor's security update for Intel(R) PROSet/Wireless WiFi and Killer(TM) WiFi in Windows 10 to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-00509.html). Because the root cause is CWE-20 (Improper Input Validation), also apply the class-level defense: strict allow-list validation, canonicalization before checks, type/length/range enforcement, and fuzzing to find edge cases. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 8.1 High.


[System] You are a blue-team mentor helping a junior analyst learn. Explain clearly but keep technical rigor.

[User] patch CVE-2025-29914?

[Assistant] CVE-2025-29914: OWASP Coraza WAF is a golang modsecurity compatible web application firewall library. Prior to 3.3.3, if a request is made on an URI starting with //, coraza will set a wrong value in REQUEST_FILENAME. For example, if th... Severity: CVSS 5.4 Medium (CWE-706). Fix: apply the vendor patch for corazawaf coraza and restrict exposure until then. Check CISA KEV for active exploitation.


[System] You are a cybersecurity assistant. Answer the user's security question accurately.

[User] How would a SOC catch CVE-2023-52181 being exploited?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2023-52181 (CWE-502 — Deserialization of Untrusted Data) in Presslabs Theme per user: IDS signatures for known gadget markers (e.g., ysoserial, rO0AB Java streams), app process spawning shells, and unexpected class loading. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[System] You are a helpful cybersecurity expert. Be accurate and practical.

[User] How would a SOC catch CVE-2023-29151 being exploited?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2023-29151 in Intel(R) PSR SDK: monitor the exposed service for anomalous requests matching the vulnerability pattern, unexpected child processes, new files, authentication anomalies, and outbound connections after suspicious requests. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[User] severity of CVE-2019-0711

[Assistant] CVE-2019-0711: A denial of service vulnerability exists when Microsoft Hyper-V on a host server fails to properly validate input from a privileged user on a guest operating system. To exploit the vulnerability, an attacker who already... Severity: CVSS 6.8 Medium (CWE-20). Fix: apply the vendor patch for Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1703 and restrict exposure until then. Check CISA KEV for active exploitation.


[System] You are a helpful cybersecurity expert. Be accurate and practical.

[User] Patch guidance for CVE-2019-7609?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2019-7609: apply the vendor's security update for Elastic Kibana to a fixed version (consult the advisory: http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/174569/Kibana-Timelion-Prototype-Pollution-Remote-Code-Execution.html). Because the root cause is CWE-94 (Improper Control of Generation of Code (Code Injection)), also apply the class-level defense: never eval untrusted input, use safe templating/sandboxes, and strict input validation. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 10.0 Critical.


[System] You are a SOC copilot embedded in a SIEM. Provide precise, actionable analyst guidance.

[User] How to remediate CVE-2026-39965?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2026-39965: apply the vendor's security update for baptisteArno typebot.io to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://github.com/baptisteArno/typebot.io/releases/tag/v3.16.0). Because the root cause is CWE-918 (Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)), also apply the class-level defense: allow-list outbound destinations, block link-local/metadata ranges, use IMDSv2, and validate/parse URLs safely. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 7.7 High.


[System] You are a security operations expert. Prioritize actionable detection, response, and remediation guidance grounded in real-world tradecraft.

[User] CVE-2023-52116 remediation?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2023-52116: apply the vendor's security update for Huawei HarmonyOS to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2024/1/). Because the root cause is CWE-269 (Improper Privilege Management), also apply the class-level defense: least privilege, drop capabilities, validate privilege transitions, and audit setuid/service permissions. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 7.5 High.


[System] You are a cloud security and DevSecOps engineer. Advise on securing cloud, containers, Kubernetes, CI/CD, and IaC.

[User] Explain the CVSS vector of CVE-2022-36958.

[Assistant] CVE-2022-36958 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8 (High), vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. In practice it is exploitable over the network. Treat as high priority. The impact and exploitability are encoded in the vector (attack vector/complexity, privileges, user interaction, and CIA impact).


[System] You are a threat intelligence analyst. Provide context on adversaries, TTPs, exploitation, and MITRE ATT&CK mapping.

[User] Give me a rundown of CVE-2022-24069.

[Assistant] CVE-2022-24069 is a vulnerability in insydeh2o, published 2022-02-03. An issue was discovered in AhciBusDxe in Insyde InsydeH2O with kernel 5.0 before 05.08.41, 5.1 before 05.16.29, 5.2 before 05.26.29, 5.3 before 05.35.29, 5.4 before 05.43.29, and 5.5 before 05.51.29. An SMM callout vulnerability allows an attacker to hijack the execution flow of code running in System Management Mode. Exploiting this issue could lead to escalating privileges to SMM. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.2 (High). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a SOC copilot embedded in a SIEM. Provide precise, actionable analyst guidance.

[User] How to remediate CVE-2018-13103?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2018-13103: apply the vendor's security update for open-xchange appsuite to a fixed version (consult the advisory: http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/151243/Open-Xchange-OX-App-Suite-Cross-Site-Scripting-SSRF.html). Because the root cause is CWE-918 (Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)), also apply the class-level defense: allow-list outbound destinations, block link-local/metadata ranges, use IMDSv2, and validate/parse URLs safely. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 5.4 Medium.


[System] You are a concise security assistant. Give correct, no-fluff answers.

[User] Brief me on CVE-2020-25853.

[Assistant] CVE-2020-25853 is a vulnerability in Realtek RTL8195A Wi-Fi Module, published 2021-02-03. The function CheckMic() in the Realtek RTL8195A Wi-Fi Module prior to versions released in April 2020 (up to and excluding 2.08) does not validate the size parameter for an internal function, _rt_md5_hmac_veneer() or _rt_hmac_sha1_veneer(), resulting in a stack buffer over-read which can be exploited for denial of service. An attacker can impersonate an Access Point and attack a vulnerable Wi-Fi client, by injecting a crafted packet into the WPA2 handshake. The attacker does not need to know the network's PSK. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.5 (High). It is classified as CWE-126. Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a threat intelligence analyst. Provide context on adversaries, TTPs, exploitation, and MITRE ATT&CK mapping.

[User] Brief me on CVE-2024-0080.

[Assistant] CVE-2024-0080 is a vulnerability in NVIDIA nvTIFF Library, published 2024-04-05. NVIDIA nvTIFF Library for Windows and Linux contains a vulnerability where improper input validation might enable an attacker to use a specially crafted input file. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to a partial denial of service. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 2.8 (Low). It is classified as CWE-20 (Improper Input Validation). Given its low severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a purple-team specialist. Bridge offensive techniques and defensive detection/mitigation.

[User] severity of CVE-2019-7610

[Assistant] CVE-2019-7610: Kibana versions before 6.6.1 contain an arbitrary code execution flaw in the security audit logger. If a Kibana instance has the setting xpack.security.audit.enabled set to true, an attacker could send a request that wil... Severity: CVSS 9.0 Critical (CWE-94). Fix: apply the vendor patch for Elastic Kibana and restrict exposure until then. Check CISA KEV for active exploitation.


[System] You are an experienced CISO advisor. Translate technical risk into clear, prioritized action.

[User] CVE-2025-11118?

[Assistant] CVE-2025-11118: A vulnerability was identified in CodeAstro Student Grading System 1.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /adminLogin.php. Such manipulation of the argument staffId leads to sql injection. The attack... Severity: CVSS 5.5 Medium (CWE-74). Fix: apply the vendor patch for CodeAstro Student Grading System and restrict exposure until then. Check CISA KEV for active exploitation.


[System] You are an incident responder. Give clear, phase-based (NIST SP 800-61) guidance for containment, eradication, and recovery.

[User] Patch guidance for CVE-2022-1250?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2022-1250: apply the vendor's security update for Unknown LifterLMS Paypal to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://make.lifterlms.com/2022/04/04/lifterlms-paypal-version-1-4-0/). Because the root cause is CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting (XSS)), also apply the class-level defense: context-aware output encoding, a strict Content-Security-Policy, input validation/sanitization (e.g., DOMPurify), HttpOnly/SameSite cookies, and framework auto-escaping. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 6.1 Medium.


[System] You are a blue-team mentor helping a junior analyst learn. Explain clearly but keep technical rigor.

[User] CVSS breakdown for CVE-2020-25821?

[Assistant] CVE-2020-25821 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.5 (High), vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H. In practice it is exploitable unauthenticated over the network. Treat as high priority. The impact and exploitability are encoded in the vector (attack vector/complexity, privileges, user interaction, and CIA impact).


[System] You are an incident responder. Give clear, phase-based (NIST SP 800-61) guidance for containment, eradication, and recovery.

[User] Brief me on CVE-2023-3520.

[Assistant] CVE-2023-3520 is a vulnerability in it-novum/openitcockpit, published 2023-07-06. Sensitive Cookie in HTTPS Session Without 'Secure' Attribute in GitHub repository it-novum/openitcockpit prior to 4.6.6. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 4.6 (Medium). It is classified as CWE-614. Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a blue-team mentor helping a junior analyst learn. Explain clearly but keep technical rigor.

[User] What is CVE-2018-1000623?

[Assistant] CVE-2018-1000623 is a vulnerability in jfrog artifactory, published 2018-07-09. JFrog JFrog Artifactory version Prior to version 6.0.3, since version 4.0.0 contains a Directory Traversal vulnerability in The "Import Repository from Zip" feature, available through the Admin menu -> Import & Export -> Repositories, triggers a vulnerable UI REST endpoint (/ui/artifactimport/upload) that can result in Directory traversal / file overwrite and remote code execution. This attack appear to be exploitable via An attacker with Admin privileges may use the aforementioned UI endpoint and exploit the publicly known "Zip Slip" vulnerability, to add/overwrite files outside the target directory. This vulnerability appears to have been fixed in 6.0.3. It carries a CVSS 3.0 base score of 7.2 (High). It is classified as CWE-22 (Path Traversal). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[User] How do I fix CVE-2021-36330?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2021-36330: apply the vendor's security update for Dell EMC Streaming Data Platform to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-in/000193697/dsa-2021-205-dell-emc-streaming-data-platform-security-update-for-third-party-vulnerabilities). Because the root cause is CWE-613 (Insufficient Session Expiration), also apply the class-level defense: short session lifetimes, idle timeouts, and server-side invalidation on logout. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 9.8 Critical.


[System] You are a threat intelligence analyst. Provide context on adversaries, TTPs, exploitation, and MITRE ATT&CK mapping.

[User] What's the mitigation for CVE-2023-38724?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2023-38724: apply the vendor's security update for IBM Cognos Controller to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/262183). Because the root cause is CWE-89 (SQL Injection), also apply the class-level defense: parameterized queries/prepared statements, ORM with bound parameters, least-privilege DB accounts, input validation, and disabling dangerous features like xp_cmdshell. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 9.8 Critical.


[System] You are a vulnerability management lead. Explain CVEs, severity, exploitation, and prioritized remediation.

[User] Detection guidance for CVE-2024-0082?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2024-0082 (CWE-269 — Improper Privilege Management) in nvidia ChatRTX: unexpected privilege escalations, new admin/root processes from user contexts, and token manipulation. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[System] You are a security operations expert. Prioritize actionable detection, response, and remediation guidance grounded in real-world tradecraft.

[User] Explain CVE-2026-22266.

[Assistant] CVE-2026-22266 is a vulnerability in Dell PowerProtect Data Manager, published 2026-02-19. Dell PowerProtect Data Manager, version(s) prior to 19.22, contain(s) an Improper Verification of Source of a Communication Channel vulnerability in the REST API. A high privileged attacker with remote access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to protection mechanism bypass. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8 (High). It is classified as CWE-146. Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a security operations expert. Prioritize actionable detection, response, and remediation guidance grounded in real-world tradecraft.

[User] What is CVE-2024-53648?

[Assistant] CVE-2024-53648 is a vulnerability in Siemens SIPROTEC 5 6MD84 (CP300), published 2025-02-11. A vulnerability has been identified in SIPROTEC 5 6MD84 (CP300) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 6MD85 (CP200) (All versions), SIPROTEC 5 6MD85 (CP300) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 6MD86 (CP200) (All versions), SIPROTEC 5 6MD86 (CP300) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 6MD89 (CP300) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 6MU85 (CP300) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7KE85 (CP200) (All versions), SIPROTEC 5 7KE85 (CP300) (All versions < V10.0), SIPROTEC 5 7SA82 (CP100) (All versions < V8.90), SIPROTEC 5 7SA82 (CP150) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7SA86 (CP200) (All versions), SIPROTEC 5 7SA86 (CP300) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7SA87 (CP200) (All versions), SIPROTEC 5 7SA87 (CP300) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7SD82 (CP100) (All versions < V8.90), SIPROTEC 5 7SD82 (CP150) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7SD86 (CP200) (All versions), SIPROTEC 5 7SD86 (CP300) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7SD87 (CP200) (All versions), SIPROTEC 5 7SD87 (CP300) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7SJ81 (CP100) (All versions < V8.90), SIPROTEC 5 7SJ81 (CP150) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7SJ82 (CP100) (All versions < V8.90), SIPROTEC 5 7SJ82 (CP150) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7SJ85 (CP200) (All versions), SIPROTEC 5 7SJ85 (CP300) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7SJ86 (CP200) (All versions), SIPROTEC 5 7SJ86 (CP300) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7SK82 (CP100) (All versions < V8.90), SIPROTEC 5 7SK82 (CP150) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7SK85 (CP200) (All versions), SIPROTEC 5 7SK85 (CP300) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7SL82 (CP100) (All versions < V8.90), SIPROTEC 5 7SL82 (CP150) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7SL86 (CP200) (All versions), SIPROTEC 5 7SL86 (CP300) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7SL87 (CP200) (All versions), SIPROTEC 5 7SL87 (CP300) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7SS85 (CP200) (All versions), SIPROTEC 5 7SS85 (CP300) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7ST85 (CP200) (All versions), SIPROTEC 5 7ST85 (CP300) (All versions < V10.0), SIPROTEC 5 7ST86 (CP300) (All versions < V10.0), SIPROTEC 5 7SX82 (CP150) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7SX85 (CP300) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7SY82 (CP150) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7UM85 (CP300) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7UT82 (CP100) (All versions < V8.90), SIPROTEC 5 7UT82 (CP150) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7UT85 (CP200) (All versions), SIPROTEC 5 7UT85 (CP300) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7UT86 (CP200) (All versions), SIPROTEC 5 7UT86 (CP300) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7UT87 (CP200) (All versions), SIPROTEC 5 7UT87 (CP300) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7VE85 (CP300) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7VK87 (CP200) (All versions), SIPROTEC 5 7VK87 (CP300) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 7VU85 (CP300) (All versions < V9.90), SIPROTEC 5 Compact 7SX800 (CP050) (All versions < V9.90). Affected devices do not properly limit access to a development shell accessible over a physical interface. This could allow an unauthenticated attacker with physical access to the device to execute arbitrary commands on the device. It carries a CVSS 4.0 base score of 7.0 (High). It is classified as CWE-489. Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a cloud security and DevSecOps engineer. Advise on securing cloud, containers, Kubernetes, CI/CD, and IaC.

[User] Detection guidance for CVE-2019-1789?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2019-1789 (CWE-20 — Improper Input Validation) in Cisco ClamAV: anomaly detection on malformed requests, application error spikes, and IDS signatures tied to the specific product's exploit pattern. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[System] You are a purple-team specialist. Bridge offensive techniques and defensive detection/mitigation.

[User] How do I fix CVE-2025-65829?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2025-65829: apply the vendor's security update for meatmeet pro wifi \& bluetooth meat thermometer firmware to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://gist.github.com/dead1nfluence/4dffc239b4a460f41a03345fd8e5feb5#file-secure-boot-disabled-md). Because the root cause is CWE-94 (Improper Control of Generation of Code (Code Injection)), also apply the class-level defense: never eval untrusted input, use safe templating/sandboxes, and strict input validation. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 6.8 Medium.


[System] You are a threat intelligence analyst. Provide context on adversaries, TTPs, exploitation, and MITRE ATT&CK mapping.

[User] How severe is CVE-2019-14901?

[Assistant] CVE-2019-14901 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 (Critical), vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. In practice it is exploitable unauthenticated over the network. Treat as an emergency patch. The impact and exploitability are encoded in the vector (attack vector/complexity, privileges, user interaction, and CIA impact).


[System] You are a cybersecurity assistant. Answer the user's security question accurately.

[User] CVSS breakdown for CVE-2023-5939?

[Assistant] CVE-2023-5939 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.2 (High), vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. In practice it is exploitable over the network. Treat as high priority. The impact and exploitability are encoded in the vector (attack vector/complexity, privileges, user interaction, and CIA impact).


[System] You are a concise security assistant. Give correct, no-fluff answers.

[User] Brief me on CVE-2019-10546.

[Assistant] CVE-2019-10546 is a vulnerability in Qualcomm, Inc. Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer Electronics Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Wired Infrastructure and Networking, published 2020-03-05. Buffer overflow can occur in WLAN firmware while parsing beacon/probe_response frames during roaming in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer Electronics Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Wired Infrastructure and Networking in APQ8096, APQ8096AU, IPQ6018, IPQ8074, MDM9607, MDM9640, MDM9650, MSM8996AU, Nicobar, QCA6174A, QCA6574, QCA6574AU, QCA6584, QCA6584AU, QCA8081, QCA9377, QCA9379, QCS404, QCS605, Rennell, SA6155P, SC8180X, SDA660, SDA845, SDM630, SDM636, SDM660, SDM670, SDM710, SDM845, SDM850, SM6150, SM7150, SM8150, SM8250, SXR1130, SXR2130 It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 (Critical). It is classified as CWE-120 (Buffer Copy without Checking Size (Classic Buffer Overflow)). Given its critical severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a SOC copilot embedded in a SIEM. Provide precise, actionable analyst guidance.

[User] Give me a rundown of CVE-2025-13237.

[Assistant] CVE-2025-13237 is a vulnerability in itsourcecode Inventory Management System, published 2025-11-16. A security flaw has been discovered in itsourcecode Inventory Management System 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file /LogSignModal.PHP. The manipulation of the argument U_USERNAME results in sql injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be exploited. It carries a CVSS 4.0 base score of 5.5 (Medium). It is classified as CWE-74 (Injection (Generic)). Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a blue-team mentor helping a junior analyst learn. Explain clearly but keep technical rigor.

[User] Give me a rundown of CVE-2021-41526.

[Assistant] CVE-2021-41526 is a vulnerability in flexera revenera_installshield, published 2023-03-29. A vulnerability has been reported in the windows installer (MSI) built with InstallScript custom action. This vulnerability may allow privilege escalation when invoked ‘repair’ of the MSI which has an InstallScript custom action. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.8 (High). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a blue-team mentor helping a junior analyst learn. Explain clearly but keep technical rigor.

[User] Patch guidance for CVE-2025-65843?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2025-65843: apply the vendor's security update for acustica-audio aquarius to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://almightysec.com/insecure-file-handling-via-symlink/). Because the root cause is CWE-59 (Improper Link Resolution (Symlink Following)), also apply the class-level defense: resolve and validate real paths, avoid following untrusted links, and use O_NOFOLLOW. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 7.7 High.


[System] You are an incident responder. Give clear, phase-based (NIST SP 800-61) guidance for containment, eradication, and recovery.

[User] Patch guidance for CVE-2018-11631?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2018-11631: apply the vendor's security update for rondaful project rondaful m1 wristband smart band 1 firmware to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://github.com/xMagass/bandexploit). Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 4.3 Medium.


[System] You are a helpful cybersecurity expert. Be accurate and practical.

[User] Explain the CVSS vector of CVE-2019-2773.

[Assistant] CVE-2019-2773 has a CVSS 3.0 base score of 5.8 (Medium), vector CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N. In practice it is exploitable unauthenticated over the network. Prioritize per exposure. The impact and exploitability are encoded in the vector (attack vector/complexity, privileges, user interaction, and CIA impact).


[System] You are a vulnerability management lead. Explain CVEs, severity, exploitation, and prioritized remediation.

[User] Explain CVE-2021-37372.

[Assistant] CVE-2021-37372 is a vulnerability in online student admission system project online student admission system, published 2021-10-26. Online Student Admission System 1.0 is affected by an insecure file upload vulnerability. A low privileged user can upload malicious PHP files by updating their profile image to gain remote code execution. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8 (High). It is classified as CWE-434 (Unrestricted File Upload). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a security operations expert. Prioritize actionable detection, response, and remediation guidance grounded in real-world tradecraft.

[User] CVE-2022-33242 — what is it?

[Assistant] CVE-2022-33242 is a vulnerability in Qualcomm, Inc. Snapdragon, published 2023-03-10. Memory corruption due to improper authentication in Qualcomm IPC while loading unsigned lib in audio PD. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.8 (High). It is classified as CWE-287 (Improper Authentication). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are an expert cybersecurity assistant specializing in Security Operations Center (SOC) analysis, vulnerability management, threat intelligence, incident response, and cloud/DevSecOps. Provide accurate, actionable, technically precise guidance.

[User] CVE-2021-32092 — what weakness is it?

[Assistant] CVE-2021-32092 stems from CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting (XSS)): the application includes untrusted input in web output without proper encoding, letting an attacker run script in victims' browsers to steal sessions, perform actions, or deface pages. In this case: A Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the DocumentAction component of U.S. National Security Agency (NSA) Emissary 5.9.0 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the uuid parameter. Prevention for this class: context-aware output encoding, a strict Content-Security-Policy, input validation/sanitization (e.g., DOMPurify), HttpOnly/SameSite cookies, and framework auto-escaping. This affects nsa emissary (CVSS 6.1 Medium).


[System] You are a detection engineer. Turn threats and CVEs into practical detection logic, log sources, and tuning advice.

[User] How severe is CVE-2019-15666?

[Assistant] CVE-2019-15666 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 4.4 (Medium), vector CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H. In practice it is exploitable per the vector's access requirements. Prioritize per exposure. The impact and exploitability are encoded in the vector (attack vector/complexity, privileges, user interaction, and CIA impact).


[System] You are an expert cybersecurity assistant specializing in Security Operations Center (SOC) analysis, vulnerability management, threat intelligence, incident response, and cloud/DevSecOps. Provide accurate, actionable, technically precise guidance.

[User] Brief me on CVE-2024-51827.

[Assistant] CVE-2024-51827 is a vulnerability in Movement Ventures Boombox Shortcode, published 2024-11-19. Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in Movement Ventures Boombox Shortcode boombox-shortcode allows DOM-Based XSS.This issue affects Boombox Shortcode: from n/a through <= 1.0.0. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 6.5 (Medium). It is classified as CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting (XSS)). Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a cybersecurity assistant. Answer the user's security question accurately.

[User] How to remediate CVE-2018-11618?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2018-11618: apply the vendor's security update for Foxit Reader to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://www.foxitsoftware.com/support/security-bulletins.php). Because the root cause is CWE-416 (Use After Free), also apply the class-level defense: memory-safe languages, smart pointers/RAII, and sanitizers (ASan) in testing. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 8.8 High.


[System] You are a cybersecurity assistant. Answer the user's security question accurately.

[User] CVE-2018-8152 remediation?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2018-8152: apply the vendor's security update for Microsoft Exchange Server to a fixed version (consult the advisory: http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104043). Because the root cause is CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting (XSS)), also apply the class-level defense: context-aware output encoding, a strict Content-Security-Policy, input validation/sanitization (e.g., DOMPurify), HttpOnly/SameSite cookies, and framework auto-escaping. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 5.4 Medium.


[System] You are a cloud security and DevSecOps engineer. Advise on securing cloud, containers, Kubernetes, CI/CD, and IaC.

[User] Explain CVE-2018-12446.

[Assistant] CVE-2018-12446 is a vulnerability in dropbox, published 2018-06-20. An issue was discovered in the com.dropbox.android application 98.2.2 for Android. The Passcode feature allows authentication bypass via runtime manipulation that forces a certain method's return value to true. In other words, an attacker could authenticate with an arbitrary passcode. NOTE: the vendor indicates that this is not an attack of interest within the context of their threat model, which excludes Android devices on which rooting has occurred It carries a CVSS 3.0 base score of 3.6 (Low). It is classified as CWE-287 (Improper Authentication). Given its low severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a threat intelligence analyst. Provide context on adversaries, TTPs, exploitation, and MITRE ATT&CK mapping.

[User] Give me a rundown of CVE-2024-21246.

[Assistant] CVE-2024-21246 is a vulnerability in Oracle Corporation Oracle Service Bus, published 2024-10-15. Vulnerability in the Oracle Service Bus product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: OSB Core Functionality).   The supported version that is affected is 12.2.1.4.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Service Bus.  Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in  unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Service Bus accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.5 (Confidentiality impacts).  CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N). It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.5 (High). It is classified as CWE-862 (Missing Authorization). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are an experienced CISO advisor. Translate technical risk into clear, prioritized action.

[User] Brief me on CVE-2026-45034.

[Assistant] CVE-2026-45034 is a vulnerability in PHPOffice PhpSpreadsheet, published 2026-06-22. PhpSpreadsheet is a pure PHP library for reading and writing spreadsheet files. Prior to 1.30.5, CVE-2026-34084 was patched by the helper File::prohibitWrappers. The helper calls parse_url($filename, PHP_URL_SCHEME) and then checks is_string($scheme) && strlen($scheme) > 1 to reject stream wrappers such as phar://, php://, data:// or expect://. The check is not equivalent to "does the path contain a wrapper". When the input has the form phar:///path/file.phar/inner with three or more slashes after the scheme, parse_url returns boolean false instead of returning the scheme string. The is_string($scheme) branch is therefore skipped, the helper returns without throwing, and the caller proceeds. PHP's stream layer, however, still treats phar:///... as a valid phar wrapper and opens the underlying phar file. The result is that IOFactory::load($attackerPath) walks past the patch and still touches the phar wrapper. On PHP 7.x, simply reaching the phar wrapper via is_file is enough for PHP to automatically deserialize the phar metadata, which in turn invokes the magic methods __wakeup and __destruct of an attacker controlled object and gives full RCE. On PHP 8.x, automatic metadata deserialization for plain file ops was removed, so the chain at the PhpSpreadsheet layer reduces to a phar wrapper file read primitive, and RCE only resurfaces if the downstream consumer ever calls Phar::getMetadata. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.30.5. It carries a CVSS 4.0 base score of 9.2 (Critical). It is classified as CWE-502 (Deserialization of Untrusted Data). Given its critical severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are an expert cybersecurity assistant specializing in Security Operations Center (SOC) analysis, vulnerability management, threat intelligence, incident response, and cloud/DevSecOps. Provide accurate, actionable, technically precise guidance.

[User] How do I detect exploitation of CVE-2024-45067?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2024-45067 in Intel(R) Gaudi(R) software installers: monitor the exposed service for anomalous requests matching the vulnerability pattern, unexpected child processes, new files, authentication anomalies, and outbound connections after suspicious requests. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[System] You are a purple-team specialist. Bridge offensive techniques and defensive detection/mitigation.

[User] How do I fix CVE-2023-30472?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2023-30472: apply the vendor's security update for URL Shortener by MyThemeShop to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/mts-url-shortener/wordpress-url-shortener-by-mythemeshop-plugin-1-0-17-cross-site-scripting-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve). Because the root cause is CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting (XSS)), also apply the class-level defense: context-aware output encoding, a strict Content-Security-Policy, input validation/sanitization (e.g., DOMPurify), HttpOnly/SameSite cookies, and framework auto-escaping. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 6.1 Medium.


[User] Give me a rundown of CVE-2021-38481.

[Assistant] CVE-2021-38481 is a vulnerability in AUVESY Versiondog, published 2021-10-22. The scheduler service running on a specific TCP port enables the user to start and stop jobs. There is no sanitation of the supplied JOB ID provided to the function. An attacker may send a malicious payload that can enable the user to execute another SQL expression by sending a specific string. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 (Critical). It is classified as CWE-89 (SQL Injection). Given its critical severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a concise security assistant. Give correct, no-fluff answers.

[User] How do I fix CVE-2019-13363?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2019-13363: apply the vendor's security update for piwigo to a fixed version (consult the advisory: http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/154484/Piwigo-2.9.5-Cross-Site-Request-Forgery-Cross-Site-Scripting.html). Because the root cause is CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting (XSS)), also apply the class-level defense: context-aware output encoding, a strict Content-Security-Policy, input validation/sanitization (e.g., DOMPurify), HttpOnly/SameSite cookies, and framework auto-escaping. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 9.6 Critical.


[User] Brief me on CVE-2018-3272.

[Assistant] CVE-2018-3272 is a vulnerability in Oracle Corporation Solaris Operating System, published 2018-10-17. Vulnerability in the Solaris component of Oracle Sun Systems Products Suite (subcomponent: Kernel Zones Virtualized NIC Driver). The supported version that is affected is 11.3. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with logon to the infrastructure where Solaris executes to compromise Solaris. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of Solaris. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 6.2 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H). It carries a CVSS 3.0 base score of 6.2 (Medium). Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are an experienced CISO advisor. Translate technical risk into clear, prioritized action.

[User] how bad is CVE-2023-42707

[Assistant] CVE-2023-42707: In firewall service, there is a possible way to write permission usage records of an app due to a missing permission check. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed Severity: CVSS 5.5 Medium (CWE-862). Fix: apply the vendor patch for Unisoc (Shanghai) Technologies Co., Ltd. SC7731E/SC9832E/SC9863A/T310/T606/T612/T616/T610/T618/T760/T770/T820/S8000 and restrict exposure until then. Check CISA KEV for active exploitation.


[User] How would a SOC catch CVE-2021-39408 being exploited?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2021-39408 (CWE-79 — Cross-site Scripting (XSS)) in online student rate system project online student rate system: WAF alerts on <script>/onerror/javascript: payloads in parameters, spikes in reflected input, and anomalous DOM-based requests; monitor for session-token theft patterns. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[System] You are a cybersecurity assistant. Answer the user's security question accurately.

[User] Patch guidance for CVE-2022-46381?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2022-46381: apply the vendor's security update for niceforyou linear emerge e3 access control firmware to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://github.com/omarhashem123/Security-Research/blob/main/CVE-2022-46381/CVE-2022-46381.txt). Because the root cause is CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting (XSS)), also apply the class-level defense: context-aware output encoding, a strict Content-Security-Policy, input validation/sanitization (e.g., DOMPurify), HttpOnly/SameSite cookies, and framework auto-escaping. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 6.1 Medium.


[System] You are a purple-team specialist. Bridge offensive techniques and defensive detection/mitigation.

[User] How to remediate CVE-2018-15424?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2018-15424: apply the vendor's security update for Cisco Identity Services Engine Software to a fixed version (consult the advisory: http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041792). Because the root cause is CWE-20 (Improper Input Validation), also apply the class-level defense: strict allow-list validation, canonicalization before checks, type/length/range enforcement, and fuzzing to find edge cases. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 4.7 Medium.


[System] You are a cybersecurity assistant. Answer the user's security question accurately.

[User] Detection guidance for CVE-2022-41748?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2022-41748 in Trend Micro Apex One: monitor the exposed service for anomalous requests matching the vulnerability pattern, unexpected child processes, new files, authentication anomalies, and outbound connections after suspicious requests. Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[System] You are a vulnerability management lead. Explain CVEs, severity, exploitation, and prioritized remediation.

[User] Brief me on CVE-2022-28734.

[Assistant] CVE-2022-28734 is a vulnerability in GNU Project GNU GRUB, published 2023-07-20. Out-of-bounds write when handling split HTTP headers; When handling split HTTP headers, GRUB2 HTTP code accidentally moves its internal data buffer point by one position. This can lead to a out-of-bound write further when parsing the HTTP request, writing a NULL byte past the buffer. It's conceivable that an attacker controlled set of packets can lead to corruption of the GRUB2's internal memory metadata. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.0 (High). It is classified as CWE-787 (Out-of-bounds Write). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a cloud security and DevSecOps engineer. Advise on securing cloud, containers, Kubernetes, CI/CD, and IaC.

[User] How do I fix CVE-2023-0029?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2023-0029: apply the vendor's security update for Multilaser RE708 to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.217169). Because the root cause is CWE-404 (Improper Resource Shutdown or Release), also apply the class-level defense: RAII/finally cleanup, connection pooling limits, and leak testing. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 7.5 High.


[System] You are an incident responder. Give clear, phase-based (NIST SP 800-61) guidance for containment, eradication, and recovery.

[User] What is CVE-2021-40454?

[Assistant] CVE-2021-40454 is a vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809, published 2021-10-13. Rich Text Edit Control Information Disclosure Vulnerability It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 5.5 (Medium). It is classified as CWE-312. Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[User] Explain CVE-2024-6243.

[Assistant] CVE-2024-6243 is a vulnerability in Unknown HTML Forms , published 2024-07-22. The HTML Forms  WordPress plugin before 1.3.33 does not sanitize and escape the form message inputs, allowing high-privilege users, such as administrators, to perform Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks even when the unfiltered_html capability is disabled. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 4.8 (Medium). It is classified as CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting (XSS)). Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a vulnerability management lead. Explain CVEs, severity, exploitation, and prioritized remediation.

[User] What is CVE-2024-2272?

[Assistant] CVE-2024-2272 is a vulnerability in keerti1924 Online-Book-Store-Website, published 2024-03-08. A vulnerability classified as critical was found in keerti1924 Online-Book-Store-Website 1.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /home.php of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument product_name leads to sql injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-256042 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 (Critical). It is classified as CWE-89 (SQL Injection). Given its critical severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a security operations expert. Prioritize actionable detection, response, and remediation guidance grounded in real-world tradecraft.

[User] What is CVE-2023-44095?

[Assistant] CVE-2023-44095 is a vulnerability in Huawei HarmonyOS, published 2023-10-11. Use-After-Free (UAF) vulnerability in the surfaceflinger module.Successful exploitation of this vulnerability can cause system crash. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.5 (High). It is classified as CWE-416 (Use After Free). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are an expert cybersecurity assistant specializing in Security Operations Center (SOC) analysis, vulnerability management, threat intelligence, incident response, and cloud/DevSecOps. Provide accurate, actionable, technically precise guidance.

[User] patch CVE-2022-32172?

[Assistant] CVE-2022-32172: In Zinc, versions v0.1.9 through v0.3.1 are vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting when using the delete template functionality. When an authenticated user deletes a template with a XSS payload in the name field, the... Severity: see advisory (CWE-79). Fix: apply the vendor patch for zinc and restrict exposure until then. Check CISA KEV for active exploitation.


[System] You are a detection engineer. Turn threats and CVEs into practical detection logic, log sources, and tuning advice.

[User] How do I fix CVE-2020-11120?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2020-11120: apply the vendor's security update for Qualcomm, Inc. Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Voice & Music, Snapdragon Wearables to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://www.qualcomm.com/company/product-security/bulletins/august-2020-bulletin). Because the root cause is CWE-416 (Use After Free), also apply the class-level defense: memory-safe languages, smart pointers/RAII, and sanitizers (ASan) in testing. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 7.8 High.


[System] You are a helpful cybersecurity expert. Be accurate and practical.

[User] Which CWE does CVE-2022-40684 map to?

[Assistant] CVE-2022-40684 is CWE-288 (Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path). Here: An authentication bypass using an alternate path/channel allows an unauthenticated attacker to perform administrative operations on the FortiOS/FortiProxy admin interface via crafted HTTP/HTTPS requests (spoofed Forwarded/X-Forwarded-For headers). Addressing the CWE root cause (not just this instance) prevents recurrence, since authentication bypass using an alternate path issues appear across many products.


[System] You are an experienced CISO advisor. Translate technical risk into clear, prioritized action.

[User] CVE-2022-21823 remediation?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2022-21823: apply the vendor's security update for Ivanti Workspace Control to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://forums.ivanti.com/s/article/A-locally-authenticated-user-with-low-privileges-can-obtain-key-information-due-to-an-unspecified-attack-vector?language=en_US). Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 5.5 Medium.


[System] You are a senior SOC analyst. Help triage alerts, interpret vulnerabilities, and recommend concrete next steps.

[User] CVE-2020-0092 remediation?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2020-0092: apply the vendor's security update for Android to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2020-05-01). Because the root cause is CWE-200 (Exposure of Sensitive Information), also apply the class-level defense: least data exposure, proper access control, scrub errors/logs, and encrypt sensitive data. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 5.0 Medium.


[System] You are a concise security assistant. Give correct, no-fluff answers.

[User] CVE-2026-14340 fix

[Assistant] CVE-2026-14340: An incorrect authorization vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that allowed a user-to-server token scoped to a GitHub App installation to perform certain write operations on public repositories outsi... Severity: CVSS 5.3 Medium (CWE-863). Fix: apply the vendor patch for GitHub Enterprise Server and restrict exposure until then. Check CISA KEV for active exploitation.


[System] You are a SOC copilot embedded in a SIEM. Provide precise, actionable analyst guidance.

[User] CVE-2019-9231 — what is it?

[Assistant] CVE-2019-9231 is a vulnerability in audiocodes mediant 500l-msbr firmware, published 2019-07-18. An issue was discovered on AudioCodes Mediant 500L-MSBR, 500-MBSR, M800B-MSBR and 800C-MSBR devices with firmware versions before 7.20A.202.307. A Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the management web interface allows remote attackers to execute malicious and unauthorized actions, because CSRFProtection=1 is not a default and is not documented. It carries a CVSS 3.0 base score of 8.8 (High). It is classified as CWE-352 (Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a security operations expert. Prioritize actionable detection, response, and remediation guidance grounded in real-world tradecraft.

[User] How to remediate CVE-2021-24375?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2021-24375: apply the vendor's security update for Stockware Motor to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://jetpack.com/2021/06/09/motor-wordpress-theme-vulnerabilities/). Because the root cause is CWE-22 (Path Traversal), also apply the class-level defense: canonicalize and validate paths against an allow-list, avoid passing user input to filesystem APIs, run with least privilege, and use chroot/containers. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 9.8 Critical.


[System] You are a SOC copilot embedded in a SIEM. Provide precise, actionable analyst guidance.

[User] CVE-2019-14193 remediation?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2019-14193: apply the vendor's security update for Siemens RUGGEDCOM ROX MX5000 to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://blog.semmle.com/uboot-rce-nfs-vulnerability/). Because the root cause is CWE-787 (Out-of-bounds Write), also apply the class-level defense: bounds checking, memory-safe languages, exploit mitigations, and rigorous fuzzing. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 9.8 Critical.


[System] You are a concise security assistant. Give correct, no-fluff answers.

[User] how bad is CVE-2020-4325

[Assistant] CVE-2020-4325: The IBM Process Federation Server 18.0.0.1, 18.0.0.2, 19.0.0.1, 19.0.0.2, and 19.0.0.3 Global Teams REST API does not properly shutdown the thread pools that it creates to retrieve Global Teams information from the feder... Severity: CVSS 6.5 Medium (CWE-404). Fix: apply the vendor patch for IBM Process Federation Server and restrict exposure until then. Check CISA KEV for active exploitation.


[System] You are a threat intelligence analyst. Provide context on adversaries, TTPs, exploitation, and MITRE ATT&CK mapping.

[User] What's the mitigation for CVE-2024-31498?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2024-31498: apply the vendor's security update for yubico yubikey_manager_gui to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://www.yubico.com/support/security-advisories/ysa-2024-01/). Because the root cause is CWE-269 (Improper Privilege Management), also apply the class-level defense: least privilege, drop capabilities, validate privilege transitions, and audit setuid/service permissions. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 8.8 High.


[System] You are a security operations expert. Prioritize actionable detection, response, and remediation guidance grounded in real-world tradecraft.

[User] CVSS breakdown for CVE-2018-10934?

[Assistant] CVE-2018-10934 has a CVSS 3.0 base score of 5.4 (Medium), vector CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N. In practice it is exploitable over the network. Prioritize per exposure. The impact and exploitability are encoded in the vector (attack vector/complexity, privileges, user interaction, and CIA impact).


[System] You are a helpful cybersecurity expert. Be accurate and practical.

[User] Give me a remediation plan for CVE-2024-21762.

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2024-21762 (FortiOS SSL VPN Out-of-Bounds Write): Upgrade FortiOS; disable SSL-VPN if not needed; restrict access and enforce MFA. Prioritize because it is actively exploited (CISA KEV) (CVSS 9.8). Then assume-breach: hunt for prior compromise and rotate any secrets FortiOS SSL VPN could have exposed.


[System] You are a purple-team specialist. Bridge offensive techniques and defensive detection/mitigation.

[User] Explain the CVSS vector of CVE-2024-1502.

[Assistant] CVE-2024-1502 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 4.3 (Medium), vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N. In practice it is exploitable over the network. Prioritize per exposure. The impact and exploitability are encoded in the vector (attack vector/complexity, privileges, user interaction, and CIA impact).


[System] You are an incident responder. Give clear, phase-based (NIST SP 800-61) guidance for containment, eradication, and recovery.

[User] What is CVE-2021-21251?

[Assistant] CVE-2021-21251 is a vulnerability in theonedev onedev, published 2021-01-15. OneDev is an all-in-one devops platform. In OneDev before version 4.0.3 there is a critical "zip slip" vulnerability. This issue may lead to arbitrary file write. The KubernetesResource REST endpoint untars user controlled data from the request body using TarUtils. TarUtils is a custom library method leveraging Apache Commons Compress. During the untar process, there are no checks in place to prevent an untarred file from traversing the file system and overriding an existing file. For a successful exploitation, the attacker requires a valid __JobToken__ which may not be possible to get without using any of the other reported vulnerabilities. But this should be considered a vulnerability in `io.onedev.commons.utils.TarUtils` since it lives in a different artifact and can affect other projects using it. This issue was addressed in 4.0.3 by validating paths in tar archive to only allow them to be in specified folder when extracted. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8 (High). It is classified as CWE-22 (Path Traversal). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a SOC copilot embedded in a SIEM. Provide precise, actionable analyst guidance.

[User] Patch guidance for CVE-2024-57017?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2024-57017: apply the vendor's security update for totolink x5000r firmware to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://github.com/tiger5671/Vulnerabilities/blob/main/TOTOLINK%20X5000R/setVpnAccountCfg/setVpnAccountCfg.md). Because the root cause is CWE-78 (OS Command Injection), also apply the class-level defense: avoid shells; use parameterized APIs (execve with arg arrays), strict allow-list validation, and least-privilege service accounts. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 8.8 High.


[System] You are a senior SOC analyst. Help triage alerts, interpret vulnerabilities, and recommend concrete next steps.

[User] Explain CVE-2020-13252.

[Assistant] CVE-2020-13252 is a vulnerability in centreon, published 2020-05-21. Centreon before 19.04.15 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands by placing shell metacharacters in RRDdatabase_status_path (via a main.get.php request) and then visiting the include/views/graphs/graphStatus/displayServiceStatus.php page. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8 (High). It is classified as CWE-78 (OS Command Injection). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a senior SOC analyst. Help triage alerts, interpret vulnerabilities, and recommend concrete next steps.

[User] Give me a rundown of CVE-2018-5789.

[Assistant] CVE-2018-5789 is a vulnerability in extremewireless wing, published 2018-02-05. An issue was discovered in Extreme Networks ExtremeWireless WiNG 5.x before 5.8.6.9 and 5.9.x before 5.9.1.3. There is a Remote, Unauthenticated XML Entity Expansion Denial of Service on the WiNG Access Point / Controller via crafted XML entities to the Web User Interface. It carries a CVSS 3.0 base score of 7.5 (High). It is classified as CWE-611 (XML External Entity (XXE)). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are an experienced CISO advisor. Translate technical risk into clear, prioritized action.

[User] Give me a rundown of CVE-2023-5930.

[Assistant] CVE-2023-5930 is a vulnerability in Campcodes Simple Student Information System, published 2023-11-02. A vulnerability was found in Campcodes Simple Student Information System 1.0. It has been declared as problematic. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /admin/students/manage_academic.php. The manipulation of the argument student_id leads to cross site scripting. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-244330 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 6.1 (Medium). It is classified as CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting (XSS)). Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a security operations expert. Prioritize actionable detection, response, and remediation guidance grounded in real-world tradecraft.

[User] What is CVE-2018-8162?

[Assistant] CVE-2018-8162 is a vulnerability in Microsoft Office, published 2018-05-09. A remote code execution vulnerability exists in Microsoft Excel software when the software fails to properly handle objects in memory, aka "Microsoft Excel Remote Code Execution Vulnerability." This affects Microsoft Office, Microsoft Excel. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2018-8147, CVE-2018-8148. It carries a CVSS 3.0 base score of 7.8 (High). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are an incident responder. Give clear, phase-based (NIST SP 800-61) guidance for containment, eradication, and recovery.

[User] CVE-2021-29939 — what weakness is it?

[Assistant] CVE-2021-29939 stems from CWE-787 (Out-of-bounds Write): the software writes past buffer bounds, corrupting memory and frequently enabling remote code execution. In this case: An issue was discovered in the stackvector crate through 2021-02-19 for Rust. There is an out-of-bounds write in StackVec::extend if size_hint provides certain anomalous data. Prevention for this class: bounds checking, memory-safe languages, exploit mitigations, and rigorous fuzzing. This affects stackvector project stackvector (CVSS 7.3 High).


[System] You are a threat intelligence analyst. Provide context on adversaries, TTPs, exploitation, and MITRE ATT&CK mapping.

[User] How do I detect exploitation of CVE-2018-8967?

[Assistant] Detecting exploitation of CVE-2018-8967 (CWE-89 — SQL Injection) in zzcms: WAF/IDS signatures for UNION SELECT, ' OR 1=1, and tautologies; DB logs showing errors or unusual query volume; alert on app service account running shell (xp_cmdshell). Correlate network/proxy/WAF logs with endpoint (EDR/Sysmon) and authentication telemetry, and enrich with threat intel/CISA KEV to prioritize.


[System] You are a detection engineer. Turn threats and CVEs into practical detection logic, log sources, and tuning advice.

[User] What's the mitigation for CVE-2026-43315?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2026-43315: apply the vendor's security update for Linux to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/155ec243ef726f4bc49536fa0bfb565dc011ab17). Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 5.5 Medium.


[System] You are a cloud security and DevSecOps engineer. Advise on securing cloud, containers, Kubernetes, CI/CD, and IaC.

[User] How do I fix CVE-2021-22348?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2021-22348: apply the vendor's security update for EMUI;Magic UI to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2021/5/). Because the root cause is CWE-416 (Use After Free), also apply the class-level defense: memory-safe languages, smart pointers/RAII, and sanitizers (ASan) in testing. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 9.8 Critical.


[System] You are a purple-team specialist. Bridge offensive techniques and defensive detection/mitigation.

[User] Patch guidance for CVE-2021-29936?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2021-29936: apply the vendor's security update for adtensor project adtensor to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://rustsec.org/advisories/RUSTSEC-2021-0045.html). Because the root cause is CWE-908 (Use of Uninitialized Resource), also apply the class-level defense: initialize all variables, use sanitizers, and defensive coding. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 9.8 Critical.


[System] You are a SOC copilot embedded in a SIEM. Provide precise, actionable analyst guidance.

[User] CVE-2019-5345 remediation

[Assistant] CVE-2019-5345: A remote code execution vulnerability was identified in HPE Intelligent Management Center (IMC) PLAT earlier than version 7.3 E0506P09. Severity: CVSS 8.8 High (CWE-917). Fix: apply the vendor patch for HPE Intelligent Management Center (IMC) PLAT and restrict exposure until then. Check CISA KEV for active exploitation.


[System] You are a vulnerability management lead. Explain CVEs, severity, exploitation, and prioritized remediation.

[User] What is CVE-2020-4399?

[Assistant] CVE-2020-4399 is a vulnerability in IBM Verify Gateway (IVG), published 2020-07-22. IBM Verify Gateway (IVG) 1.0.0 and 1.0.1 could allow an authenticated user to send malformed requests to cause a denial of service against the server. IBM X-Force ID: 179476. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 6.5 (Medium). Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a purple-team specialist. Bridge offensive techniques and defensive detection/mitigation.

[User] Explain the CVSS vector of CVE-2020-12138.

[Assistant] CVE-2020-12138 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8 (High), vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. In practice it is exploitable over the network. Treat as high priority. The impact and exploitability are encoded in the vector (attack vector/complexity, privileges, user interaction, and CIA impact).


[User] Explain CVE-2023-53550.

[Assistant]
CVE-2023-53550 is a vulnerability in Linux, published 2025-10-04. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

cpufreq: amd-pstate: fix global sysfs attribute type

In commit 3666062b87ec ("cpufreq: amd-pstate: move to use bus_get_dev_root()")
the "amd_pstate" attributes where moved from a dedicated kobject to the
cpu root kobject.

While the dedicated kobject expects to contain kobj_attributes the root
kobject needs device_attributes.

As the changed arguments are not used by the callbacks it works most of
the time.
However CFI will detect this issue:

[ 4947.849350] CFI failure at dev_attr_show+0x24/0x60 (target: show_status+0x0/0x70; expected type: 0x8651b1de)
...
[ 4947.849409] Call Trace:
[ 4947.849410]  <TASK>
[ 4947.849411]  ? __warn+0xcf/0x1c0
[ 4947.849414]  ? dev_attr_show+0x24/0x60
[ 4947.849415]  ? report_cfi_failure+0x4e/0x60
[ 4947.849417]  ? handle_cfi_failure+0x14c/0x1d0
[ 4947.849419]  ? __cfi_show_status+0x10/0x10
[ 4947.849420]  ? handle_bug+0x4f/0x90
[ 4947.849421]  ? exc_invalid_op+0x1a/0x60
[ 4947.849422]  ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x1a/0x20
[ 4947.849424]  ? __cfi_show_status+0x10/0x10
[ 4947.849425]  ? dev_attr_show+0x24/0x60
[ 4947.849426]  sysfs_kf_seq_show+0xa6/0x110
[ 4947.849433]  seq_read_iter+0x16c/0x4b0
[ 4947.849436]  vfs_read+0x272/0x2d0
[ 4947.849438]  ksys_read+0x72/0xe0
[ 4947.849439]  do_syscall_64+0x76/0xb0
[ 4947.849440]  ? do_user_addr_fault+0x252/0x650
[ 4947.849442]  ? exc_page_fault+0x7a/0x1b0
[ 4947.849443]  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x72/0xdc It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 5.5 (Medium). Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a security operations expert. Prioritize actionable detection, response, and remediation guidance grounded in real-world tradecraft.

[User] CVE-2025-59753 — what is it?

[Assistant] CVE-2025-59753 is a vulnerability in AndSoft e-TMS, published 2025-10-02. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability reflected in AndSoft's e-TMS v25.03. This vulnerability allows an attacker to execute JavaScript code in the victim's browser by sending them a malicious URL. The relationship between parameter and assigned identifier is 'l, demo, demo2, TNTLOGIN, UO and SuppConn' parameters in '/clt/LOGINFRM_BET.ASP'. It carries a CVSS 4.0 base score of 5.1 (Medium). It is classified as CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting (XSS)). Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a senior SOC analyst. Help triage alerts, interpret vulnerabilities, and recommend concrete next steps.

[User] What's the mitigation for CVE-2025-0014?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2025-0014: apply the vendor's security update for AMD Ryzen™ AI Software to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://www.amd.com/en/resources/product-security/bulletin/amd-sb-7037.html). Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 7.3 High.


[System] You are a senior SOC analyst. Help triage alerts, interpret vulnerabilities, and recommend concrete next steps.

[User] How severe is CVE-2023-38729?

[Assistant] CVE-2023-38729 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 6.5 (Medium), vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N. In practice it is exploitable over the network. Prioritize per exposure. The impact and exploitability are encoded in the vector (attack vector/complexity, privileges, user interaction, and CIA impact).


[System] You are a cloud security and DevSecOps engineer. Advise on securing cloud, containers, Kubernetes, CI/CD, and IaC.

[User] Explain the logic behind detecting: Detect potential Kerberoasting (TGS requests with RC4).

[Assistant] Detection concept for 'Detect potential Kerberoasting (TGS requests with RC4)' (Credential Access (T1558.003)): Event 4769 is a Kerberos service ticket request. Encryption type 0x17 (RC4-HMAC) is weaker and preferred by Kerberoasting tools. A single account requesting tickets for many services with RC4 suggests an attacker harvesting service-account hashes for offline cracking. Tune the threshold to your environment and exclude known scanners. Reference in Splunk SPL. Tune by baselining normal activity, whitelisting known-good, and correlating adjacent telemetry before auto-containment.


[System] You are a threat intelligence analyst. Provide context on adversaries, TTPs, exploitation, and MITRE ATT&CK mapping.

[User] CVE-2018-0800 remediation

[Assistant] CVE-2018-0800: Microsoft Edge in Microsoft Windows 10 1709 allows an attacker to obtain information to further compromise the user's system, due to how the scripting engine handles objects in memory, aka "Scripting Engine Information D... Severity: CVSS 5.3 Medium (CWE-200). Fix: apply the vendor patch for Microsoft Corporation Microsoft Edge and restrict exposure until then. Check CISA KEV for active exploitation.


[System] You are an experienced CISO advisor. Translate technical risk into clear, prioritized action.

[User] What kind of bug is CVE-2020-27980?

[Assistant] CVE-2020-27980 stems from CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting (XSS)): the application includes untrusted input in web output without proper encoding, letting an attacker run script in victims' browsers to steal sessions, perform actions, or deface pages. In this case: Genexis Platinum-4410 P4410-V2-1.28 devices allow stored XSS in the WLAN SSID parameter. This could allow an attacker to perform malicious actions in which the XSS popup will affect all privileged users. Prevention for this class: context-aware output encoding, a strict Content-Security-Policy, input validation/sanitization (e.g., DOMPurify), HttpOnly/SameSite cookies, and framework auto-escaping. This affects genexis platinum-4410 firmware (CVSS 5.4 Medium).


[System] You are a senior SOC analyst. Help triage alerts, interpret vulnerabilities, and recommend concrete next steps.

[User] CVE-2023-26419 remediation?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2023-26419: apply the vendor's security update for Adobe Acrobat Reader to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb23-24.html). Because the root cause is CWE-416 (Use After Free), also apply the class-level defense: memory-safe languages, smart pointers/RAII, and sanitizers (ASan) in testing. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 7.8 High.


[System] You are a purple-team specialist. Bridge offensive techniques and defensive detection/mitigation.

[User] Explain CVE-2024-29863.

[Assistant] CVE-2024-29863 is a vulnerability in qlikview, published 2024-04-05. A race condition in the installer executable in Qlik Qlikview before versions May 2022 SR3 (12.70.20300) and May 2023 SR2 (12,80.20200) may allow an existing lower privileged user to cause code to be executed in the context of a Windows Administrator. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.8 (High). It is classified as CWE-362. Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a purple-team specialist. Bridge offensive techniques and defensive detection/mitigation.

[User] How do I fix CVE-2023-22443?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2023-22443: apply the vendor's security update for Intel(R) Server Board BMC firmware to a fixed version (consult the advisory: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-00839.html). Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 5.5 Medium.


[System] You are a cloud security and DevSecOps engineer. Advise on securing cloud, containers, Kubernetes, CI/CD, and IaC.

[User] Explain CVE-2019-18869.

[Assistant] CVE-2019-18869 is a vulnerability in blaauwproducts remote kiln control, published 2020-05-07. Leftover Debug Code in Blaauw Remote Kiln Control through v3.00r4 allows a user to execute arbitrary php code via /default.php?idx=17. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 (Critical). Given its critical severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a purple-team specialist. Bridge offensive techniques and defensive detection/mitigation.

[User] Explain CVE-2024-12507.

[Assistant] CVE-2024-12507 is a vulnerability in Optio Dentistry, published 2024-12-24. The Optio Dentistry plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via the plugin's 'optio-lightbox' shortcode in all versions up to, and including, 2.1 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping on user supplied attributes. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor-level access and above, to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 6.4 (Medium). It is classified as CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting (XSS)). Given its medium severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a detection engineer. Turn threats and CVEs into practical detection logic, log sources, and tuning advice.

[User] Give me a rundown of CVE-2026-53193.

[Assistant]
CVE-2026-53193 is a vulnerability in Linux, published 2026-06-25. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ALSA: timer: Forcibly close timer instances at closing

When snd_timer object is freed via snd_timer_free() and still pending
snd_timer_instance objects are assigned to the timer object, it tries
to unlink all instances and just set NULL to each ti->timer, then
releases the resources immediately.  The problem is, however, when
there are slave timer instances that are associated with a master
instance linked to this timer: namely, those slave instances still
point to the freed timer object although the master instance is
unlinked, which may lead to user-after-free.  The bug can be easily
triggered particularly when a new userspace-driven timers
(CONFIG_SND_UTIMER) is involved, since it can create and delete the
timer object via a simple file open/close, while the other
applications may keep accessing to that timer.

This patch is an attempt to paper over the problem above: now instead
of just unlinking, call snd_timer_close[_locked]() forcibly for each
pending timer instance, so that all assigned slave timer instances are
properly detached, too.  Since snd_timer_close() might be called later
by the driver that created that instance, the check of
SNDRV_TIMER_IFLG_DEAD is added at the beginning, too. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.8 (High). It is classified as CWE-416 (Use After Free). Given its high severity, prioritize patching and confirm exposure in your environment; check CISA KEV to see if it is known-exploited.


[System] You are a vulnerability management lead. Explain CVEs, severity, exploitation, and prioritized remediation.

[User] How severe is CVE-2020-36942?

[Assistant] CVE-2020-36942 has a CVSS 4.0 base score of 8.7 (High), vector CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X. In practice it is exploitable over the network. Treat as high priority. The impact and exploitability are encoded in the vector (attack vector/complexity, privileges, user interaction, and CIA impact).


[System] You are an expert cybersecurity assistant specializing in Security Operations Center (SOC) analysis, vulnerability management, threat intelligence, incident response, and cloud/DevSecOps. Provide accurate, actionable, technically precise guidance.

[User] Patch guidance for CVE-2022-45135?

[Assistant] Remediation for CVE-2022-45135: apply the vendor's security update for Apache Software Foundation Apache Cocoon to a fixed version (consult the advisory: http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/11/30/3). Because the root cause is CWE-89 (SQL Injection), also apply the class-level defense: parameterized queries/prepared statements, ORM with bound parameters, least-privilege DB accounts, input validation, and disabling dangerous features like xp_cmdshell. Until patched, reduce exposure (restrict/segment access, WAF/virtual patching where applicable), then verify no prior exploitation. Severity: CVSS 9.8 Critical.