lean/OAI/Computability/DirectedFeedback/Encoding/Lookup.lean

import Mathlib
import OAI.Computability.DirectedFeedback.Encoding.Setup

namespace OAI

namespace DFVSGames.Foundations.PCP.AlphabetTable.Lookup

open Turing
open DFVSGames.Foundations.Complexity
open MachineComposition GenericGraphTables

variable {K Λ σ : Type} [DecidableEq K]

abbrev Alphabet (_ : K) := Bool

def skipBits (source : K) : Nat →
    TM2.Stmt (Alphabet (K := K)) Λ (σ × Option Bool) →
    TM2.Stmt (Alphabet (K := K)) Λ (σ × Option Bool)
  | 0, next => .load (fun state => (state.1, none)) next
  | count + 1, next =>
      let rest := skipBits source count next
      .pop source (fun state head => (state.1, head))
        (.branch (fun state => state.2.getD false)
          (.pop source (fun state _ => (state.1, none)) rest)
          (.load (fun state => (state.1, none)) rest))

theorem stepAux_skipBits (source : K) (bits : List Bool)
    (next : TM2.Stmt (Alphabet (K := K)) Λ (σ × Option Bool))
    (base : K → List Bool) (suffix : List Bool) (ambient : σ) (register : Option Bool) :
    TM2.stepAux (skipBits source bits.length next) (ambient, register)
        (Function.update base source (encodeWords (bits.map bitWord) ++ suffix)) =
      TM2.stepAux next (ambient, none) (Function.update base source suffix) := by
  induction bits generalizing register with
  | nil => simp [skipBits, encodeWords, TM2.stepAux]
  | cons bit bits ih =>
    cases bit <;>
      simpa only [List.length_cons, skipBits, List.map_cons, bitWord, Bool.false_eq_true,
        ite_false, ite_true, encodeWords, encodeWord, List.replicate_zero,
        List.replicate_succ, List.nil_append, List.cons_append, List.singleton_append,
        TM2.stepAux, Function.update_self, List.head?_cons, List.tail_cons,
        Option.getD_some, Bool.cond_false, Bool.cond_true, Function.update_idem] using
          ih none

theorem stepAux_skipBits_fromTapes (source : K) (bits : List Bool)
    (next : TM2.Stmt (Alphabet (K := K)) Λ (σ × Option Bool))
    (base : K → List Bool) (suffix : List Bool)
    (hinput : base source = encodeWords (bits.map bitWord) ++ suffix)
    (ambient : σ) (register : Option Bool) :
    TM2.stepAux (skipBits source bits.length next) (ambient, register) base =
      TM2.stepAux next (ambient, none) (Function.update base source suffix) := by
  have h := stepAux_skipBits source bits next base suffix ambient register
  have hbase : Function.update base source (encodeWords (bits.map bitWord) ++ suffix) =
      base := by rw [← hinput]; exact Function.update_eq_self source base
  rw [hbase] at h
  exact h

omit [DecidableEq K] in
theorem skipBits_pushBound (source : K) (count : Nat)
    (next : TM2.Stmt (Alphabet (K := K)) Λ (σ × Option Bool)) :
    Runtime.statementPushBound (skipBits source count next) =
      Runtime.statementPushBound next := by
  induction count with
  | zero => rfl
  | succ count ih => simp only [skipBits, Runtime.statementPushBound, ih, max_self]

inductive Label
  | guard | skipTail | skipReverse | skipPredicate | select | copy
  deriving DecidableEq

instance : Fintype Label where
  elems := {.guard, .skipTail, .skipReverse, .skipPredicate, .select, .copy}
  complete label := by cases label <;> simp

def statement (q : Nat) (counter source destination : K) (labels : Label → Λ)
    (exit : Option Λ) : Label → TM2.Stmt (Alphabet (K := K)) Λ (σ × Option Bool)
  | .guard => MachineUnaryCounter.guard counter (labels .skipTail) (labels .select)
  | .skipTail => MachineLookup.discard source (labels .skipTail) (labels .skipReverse)
  | .skipReverse => MachineLookup.discard source (labels .skipReverse) (labels .skipPredicate)
  | .skipPredicate => skipBits source (q * q) (.goto fun _ => labels .guard)
  | .select => Hastad.SourceMachine.fieldStart destination (labels .copy)
  | .copy => Hastad.SourceMachine.fieldLoop source destination (labels .copy) exit

def program (q : Nat) (counter source destination : K) :
    Label → TM2.Stmt (Alphabet (K := K)) Label (σ × Option Bool) :=
  statement q counter source destination id none

def rowBits {q n m : Nat} (row : DartRow q n m) : List Bool := encodeWords (rowWords row)

theorem rowBits_eq {q n m : Nat} (row : DartRow q n m) :
    rowBits row = encodeWord row.tail.val ++
      (encodeWord row.reverseIndex.val ++ encodeWords (relationWords row.relation)) := by
  simp [rowBits, rowWords, encodeWords]

def rowsBits {q n m : Nat} (rows : List (DartRow q n m)) : List Bool :=
  encodeWords (rows.flatMap rowWords)

@[simp] theorem rowsBits_nil {q n m : Nat} : rowsBits ([] : List (DartRow q n m)) = [] := rfl

@[simp] theorem rowsBits_cons {q n m : Nat} (row : DartRow q n m)
    (rows : List (DartRow q n m)) : rowsBits (row :: rows) = rowBits row ++ rowsBits rows := by
  simp only [rowsBits, List.flatMap_cons, encodeWords_append, rowBits]

def skipCost {q n m : Nat} (row : DartRow q n m) : Nat :=
  row.tail.val + row.reverseIndex.val + 4

def prefixCost {q n m : Nat} (rows : List (DartRow q n m)) : Nat :=
  (rows.map skipCost).sum

def lookupCost {q n m : Nat} (prior : List (DartRow q n m)) (row : DartRow q n m) : Nat :=
  prefixCost prior + row.tail.val + 3

section Ambient

variable {q n m : Nat} (counter source destination : K) (labels : Label → Λ)
  (exit : Option Λ)
  (P : Λ → TM2.Stmt (Alphabet (K := K)) Λ (σ × Option Bool))
  (atStatement : ∀ label, P (labels label) = statement q counter source destination labels exit label)

include atStatement

theorem skipRowTrace (base : K → List Bool) (row : DartRow q n m) (suffix : List Bool)
    (ambient : σ) (register : Option Bool) :
    (advance (TM2.step P))^[row.tail.val + row.reverseIndex.val + 3]
      (some ⟨some (labels .skipTail), (ambient, register),
        Function.update base source (rowBits row ++ suffix)⟩) =
      some ⟨some (labels .guard), (ambient, none), Function.update base source suffix⟩ := by
  have ht := MachineLookup.discardTrace_update source (labels .skipTail) (labels .skipReverse)
    P (atStatement .skipTail) base row.tail.val
    (encodeWord row.reverseIndex.val ++ (encodeWords (relationWords row.relation) ++ suffix))
    ambient register
  have hr := MachineLookup.discardTrace_update source (labels .skipReverse) (labels .skipPredicate)
    P (atStatement .skipReverse) base row.reverseIndex.val
    (encodeWords (relationWords row.relation) ++ suffix) ambient none
  have hp : TM2.step P
      ⟨some (labels .skipPredicate), (ambient, none), Function.update base source
        (encodeWords (relationWords row.relation) ++ suffix)⟩ =
      some ⟨some (labels .guard), (ambient, none), Function.update base source suffix⟩ := by
    change some (TM2.stepAux (P (labels .skipPredicate)) _ _) = _
    rw [atStatement .skipPredicate]
    have h := congrArg some (stepAux_skipBits source row.relation.toList
      (.goto fun _ => labels .guard) base suffix ambient none)
    simpa only [statement, Vector.length_toList, relationWords, TM2.stepAux] using h
  rw [rowBits_eq]
  simp only [List.append_assoc]
  rw [show row.tail.val + row.reverseIndex.val + 3 =
    1 + ((row.reverseIndex.val + 1) + (row.tail.val + 1)) by omega,
    Function.iterate_add_apply, Function.iterate_add_apply, ht, hr,
    Function.iterate_one, advance_some, hp]

theorem skipRowTrace_fromTapes (base : K → List Bool) (row : DartRow q n m)
    (suffix : List Bool) (hinput : base source = rowBits row ++ suffix)
    (ambient : σ) (register : Option Bool) :
    (advance (TM2.step P))^[row.tail.val + row.reverseIndex.val + 3]
      (some ⟨some (labels .skipTail), (ambient, register), base⟩) =
      some ⟨some (labels .guard), (ambient, none), Function.update base source suffix⟩ := by
  have h := skipRowTrace counter source destination labels exit P atStatement
    base row suffix ambient register
  have hb : Function.update base source (rowBits row ++ suffix) = base := by
    rw [← hinput]
    exact Function.update_eq_self source base
  rw [hb] at h
  exact h

theorem selectTrace (hsd : source ≠ destination) (base : K → List Bool)
    (row : DartRow q n m) (suffix : List Bool)
    (hinput : base source = rowBits row ++ suffix) (ambient : σ) (register : Option Bool) :
    (advance (TM2.step P))^[row.tail.val + 2]
      (some ⟨some (labels .select), (ambient, register), base⟩) =
      some ⟨exit, (ambient, none), Hastad.SourceMachine.fieldTapes source destination base
        (encodeWord row.reverseIndex.val ++ (encodeWords (relationWords row.relation) ++ suffix))
        (encodeWord row.tail.val ++ base destination)⟩ := by
  let ht := Hastad.SourceMachine.fieldInTime source destination hsd
    (labels .select) (labels .copy) exit P (atStatement .select) (atStatement .copy)
    base row.tail.val
    (encodeWord row.reverseIndex.val ++ (encodeWords (relationWords row.relation) ++ suffix))
    (by simpa only [rowBits_eq, List.append_assoc] using hinput) ambient register
  have hsteps : ht.steps = row.tail.val + 2 := rfl
  have htrace := ht.evals_in_steps
  rw [hsteps] at htrace
  exact htrace

theorem lookupTailTrace
    (hcs : counter ≠ source) (hcd : counter ≠ destination) (hsd : source ≠ destination)
    (base : K → List Bool) (prior : List (DartRow q n m)) (row : DartRow q n m)
    (counterSuffix suffix output : List Bool) (ambient : σ) (register : Option Bool) :
    (advance (TM2.step P))^[lookupCost prior row]
      (some ⟨some (labels .guard), (ambient, register),
        MachineLookup.tapes counter source destination base
          (encodeWord prior.length ++ counterSuffix)
          (rowsBits prior ++ (rowBits row ++ suffix)) output⟩) =
      some ⟨exit, (ambient, none),
        MachineLookup.tapes counter source destination base
          (encodeWord 0 ++ counterSuffix)
          (encodeWord row.reverseIndex.val ++ (encodeWords (relationWords row.relation) ++ suffix))
          (encodeWord row.tail.val ++ output)⟩ := by
  induction prior generalizing register with
  | nil =>
    simp only [lookupCost, prefixCost, List.map_nil, List.sum_nil, Nat.zero_add,
      List.length_nil, rowsBits_nil, List.nil_append]
    rw [show row.tail.val + 3 = (row.tail.val + 2) + 1 by omega,
      Function.iterate_succ_apply]
    have hg := MachineUnaryCounter.guardStep_zero counter (labels .guard)
      (labels .skipTail) (labels .select) P (atStatement .guard)
      (MachineLookup.tapes counter source destination base
        (encodeWord 0 ++ counterSuffix) (rowBits row ++ suffix) output)
      counterSuffix ambient register
    have hcounter : MachineUnaryCounter.counterTapes counter
        (MachineLookup.tapes counter source destination base
          (encodeWord 0 ++ counterSuffix) (rowBits row ++ suffix) output) 0 counterSuffix =
        MachineLookup.tapes counter source destination base
          (encodeWord 0 ++ counterSuffix) (rowBits row ++ suffix) output := by
      simp only [MachineUnaryCounter.counterTapes, MachineLookup.update_index _ _ _ hcs hcd]
    rw [hcounter] at hg
    simp only [advance_some]
    rw [hg]
    have hs := selectTrace counter source destination labels exit P atStatement hsd
      (MachineLookup.tapes counter source destination base
        (encodeWord 0 ++ counterSuffix) (rowBits row ++ suffix) output)
      row suffix (by simp [hsd]) ambient none
    simpa only [MachineLookup.tapes_destination,
      MachineLookup.fieldTapes_eq _ _ _ hsd] using hs
  | cons first prior ih =>
    simp only [lookupCost, prefixCost, List.map_cons, List.sum_cons, List.length_cons,
      rowsBits_cons, List.append_assoc]
    rw [show skipCost first + (prior.map skipCost).sum + row.tail.val + 3 =
      ((prior.map skipCost).sum + row.tail.val + 3) +
        (first.tail.val + first.reverseIndex.val + 3) + 1 by simp only [skipCost]; omega,
      Function.iterate_succ_apply]
    have hg := MachineUnaryCounter.guardStep_succ counter (labels .guard)
      (labels .skipTail) (labels .select) P (atStatement .guard)
      (MachineLookup.tapes counter source destination base
        (encodeWord prior.length ++ counterSuffix)
        (rowBits first ++ (rowsBits prior ++ (rowBits row ++ suffix))) output)
      prior.length counterSuffix ambient register
    simp only [MachineUnaryCounter.counterTapes,
      MachineLookup.update_index _ _ _ hcs hcd] at hg
    simp only [advance_some]
    rw [hg, Function.iterate_add_apply]
    have hs := skipRowTrace_fromTapes counter source destination labels exit P atStatement
      (MachineLookup.tapes counter source destination base
        (encodeWord prior.length ++ counterSuffix)
        (rowBits first ++ (rowsBits prior ++ (rowBits row ++ suffix))) output)
      first (rowsBits prior ++ (rowBits row ++ suffix)) (by simp [hsd]) ambient none
    rw [hs]
    simp only [MachineLookup.update_source _ _ _ hsd]
    exact ih none

end Ambient

theorem lookupCost_le {q n m : Nat} (prior : List (DartRow q n m)) (row : DartRow q n m) :
    lookupCost prior row ≤ (rowsBits prior ++ rowBits row).length +
      2 * (encodeWord prior.length).length + 1 := by
  have hp : prefixCost prior ≤ (rowsBits prior).length + 2 * prior.length := by
    induction prior with
    | nil => simp [prefixCost]
    | cons first prior ih =>
      have hb : skipCost first ≤ (rowBits first).length + 2 := by
        simp only [skipCost, rowBits_eq, List.length_append, encodeWord_length]
        omega
      simp only [prefixCost, List.map_cons, List.sum_cons, rowsBits_cons,
        List.length_append, List.length_cons] at *
      omega
  have hr : row.tail.val + 1 ≤ (rowBits row).length := by
    simp only [rowBits_eq, List.length_append, encodeWord_length]
    omega
  simp only [lookupCost, List.length_append, encodeWord_length]
  omega

def lookupTailInTime {q n m : Nat}
    (counter source destination : K) (labels : Label → Λ) (exit : Option Λ)
    (P : Λ → TM2.Stmt (Alphabet (K := K)) Λ (σ × Option Bool))
    (atStatement : ∀ label, P (labels label) = statement q counter source destination labels exit label)
    (hcs : counter ≠ source) (hcd : counter ≠ destination) (hsd : source ≠ destination)
    (base : K → List Bool) (prior : List (DartRow q n m)) (row : DartRow q n m)
    (counterSuffix suffix output : List Bool) (ambient : σ) (register : Option Bool) :
    StateTransition.EvalsToInTime (TM2.step P)
      ⟨some (labels .guard), (ambient, register),
        MachineLookup.tapes counter source destination base
          (encodeWord prior.length ++ counterSuffix)
          (rowsBits prior ++ (rowBits row ++ suffix)) output⟩
      (some ⟨exit, (ambient, none),
        MachineLookup.tapes counter source destination base
          (encodeWord 0 ++ counterSuffix)
          (encodeWord row.reverseIndex.val ++ (encodeWords (relationWords row.relation) ++ suffix))
          (encodeWord row.tail.val ++ output)⟩)
      ((rowsBits prior ++ rowBits row).length + 2 * (encodeWord prior.length).length + 1) where
  steps := lookupCost prior row
  evals_in_steps := lookupTailTrace counter source destination labels exit P atStatement
    hcs hcd hsd base prior row counterSuffix suffix output ambient register
  steps_le_m := lookupCost_le prior row

theorem tableTailTrace {q : Nat}
    (counter source destination : K) (labels : Label → Λ) (exit : Option Λ)
    (P : Λ → TM2.Stmt (Alphabet (K := K)) Λ (σ × Option Bool))
    (atStatement : ∀ label, P (labels label) = statement q counter source destination labels exit label)
    (hcs : counter ≠ source) (hcd : counter ≠ destination) (hsd : source ≠ destination)
    (base : K → List Bool) (table : Table q) (e : Fin table.darts)
    (counterSuffix suffix output : List Bool) (ambient : σ) (register : Option Bool) :
    (advance (TM2.step P))^[lookupCost ((rowList table).take e.val) table.rows[e]]
      (some ⟨some (labels .guard), (ambient, register),
        MachineLookup.tapes counter source destination base
          (encodeWord e.val ++ counterSuffix) (rowsBits (rowList table) ++ suffix) output⟩) =
      some ⟨exit, (ambient, none),
        MachineLookup.tapes counter source destination base
          (encodeWord 0 ++ counterSuffix)
          (encodeWord table.rows[e].reverseIndex.val ++
            (encodeWords (relationWords table.rows[e].relation) ++
              (rowsBits ((rowList table).drop (e.val + 1)) ++ suffix)))
          (encodeWord table.rows[e].tail.val ++ output)⟩ := by
  have h := lookupTailTrace counter source destination labels exit P atStatement
    hcs hcd hsd base ((rowList table).take e.val) table.rows[e] counterSuffix
    (rowsBits ((rowList table).drop (e.val + 1)) ++ suffix) output ambient register
  have hlength : ((rowList table).take e.val).length = e.val := by
    simp only [List.length_take, rowList_length, Nat.min_eq_left (Nat.le_of_lt e.isLt)]
  have hsplit : rowsBits (rowList table) ++ suffix =
      rowsBits ((rowList table).take e.val) ++
        (rowBits table.rows[e] ++ (rowsBits ((rowList table).drop (e.val + 1)) ++ suffix)) := by
    have hrow : table.rows[e.val] = table.rows[e] := rfl
    simpa only [rowsBits, rowBits, rowList, Vector.getElem_toList, hrow] using
      Input.rowsBits_append_split (rowList table) e.val (by simp) suffix
  rw [hlength, ← hsplit] at h
  exact h

theorem fullTableTailTrace {q : Nat}
    (counter source destination : K) (labels : Label → Λ) (exit : Option Λ)
    (headerVertices headerDarts : Λ)
    (P : Λ → TM2.Stmt (Alphabet (K := K)) Λ (σ × Option Bool))
    (atStatement : ∀ label, P (labels label) = statement q counter source destination labels exit label)
    (atVertices : P headerVertices = MachineLookup.discard source headerVertices headerDarts)
    (atDarts : P headerDarts = MachineLookup.discard source headerDarts (labels .guard))
    (hcs : counter ≠ source) (hcd : counter ≠ destination) (hsd : source ≠ destination)
    (base : K → List Bool) (table : Table q) (e : Fin table.darts)
    (counterSuffix suffix output : List Bool) (ambient : σ) (register : Option Bool) :
    (advance (TM2.step P))^[lookupCost ((rowList table).take e.val) table.rows[e] +
        (table.darts + 1) + (table.vertices + 1)]
      (some ⟨some headerVertices, (ambient, register),
        MachineLookup.tapes counter source destination base
          (encodeWord e.val ++ counterSuffix) (tableBits table ++ suffix) output⟩) =
      some ⟨exit, (ambient, none),
        MachineLookup.tapes counter source destination base
          (encodeWord 0 ++ counterSuffix)
          (encodeWord table.rows[e].reverseIndex.val ++
            (encodeWords (relationWords table.rows[e].relation) ++
              (rowsBits ((rowList table).drop (e.val + 1)) ++ suffix)))
          (encodeWord table.rows[e].tail.val ++ output)⟩ := by
  have hv := MachineLookup.discardTrace source headerVertices headerDarts P atVertices
    (MachineLookup.tapes counter source destination base
      (encodeWord e.val ++ counterSuffix) (tableBits table ++ suffix) output)
    table.vertices (encodeWord table.darts ++ (rowsBits (rowList table) ++ suffix))
    (by simp only [MachineLookup.tapes_source _ _ _ hsd, Input.tableBits_header,
      rowsBits, List.append_assoc]) ambient register
  rw [Function.iterate_add_apply, hv]
  simp only [MachineLookup.update_source _ _ _ hsd]
  have hd := MachineLookup.discardTrace source headerDarts (labels .guard) P atDarts
    (MachineLookup.tapes counter source destination base
      (encodeWord e.val ++ counterSuffix)
      (encodeWord table.darts ++ (rowsBits (rowList table) ++ suffix)) output)
    table.darts (rowsBits (rowList table) ++ suffix) (by simp [hsd]) ambient none
  rw [Function.iterate_add_apply, hd]
  simp only [MachineLookup.update_source _ _ _ hsd]
  exact tableTailTrace counter source destination labels exit P atStatement hcs hcd hsd
    base table e counterSuffix suffix output ambient none

theorem lookup_frame (counter source destination other : K)
    (hc : other ≠ counter) (hs : other ≠ source) (hd : other ≠ destination)
    (base : K → List Bool) (counterBits input output : List Bool) :
    MachineLookup.tapes counter source destination base counterBits input output other = base other :=
  MachineLookup.tapes_other counter source destination other hc hs hd base counterBits input output

def tableTailCost {q : Nat} (table : Table q) (e : Fin table.darts) : Nat :=
  lookupCost ((rowList table).take e.val) table.rows[e] +
    (table.darts + 1) + (table.vertices + 1)

theorem tableTailCost_le {q : Nat} (table : Table q) (e : Fin table.darts) :
    tableTailCost table e ≤ (tableBits table).length + 2 * (encodeWord e.val).length + 1 := by
  have htake : ((rowList table).take e.val).length = e.val := by
    simp only [List.length_take, rowList_length, Nat.min_eq_left (Nat.le_of_lt e.isLt)]
  have hrow : table.rows[e.val] = table.rows[e] := rfl
  have hsplit : rowsBits (rowList table) = rowsBits ((rowList table).take e.val) ++
      (rowBits table.rows[e] ++ rowsBits ((rowList table).drop (e.val + 1))) := by
    simpa only [rowsBits, rowBits, rowList, Vector.getElem_toList, hrow] using
      Input.rowsBits_split (rowList table) e.val (by simp)
  have hp : (rowsBits ((rowList table).take e.val) ++ rowBits table.rows[e]).length ≤
      (rowsBits (rowList table)).length := by
    rw [hsplit]
    simp only [List.length_append]
    omega
  have hb := lookupCost_le ((rowList table).take e.val) table.rows[e]
  rw [htake] at hb
  have hh := congrArg List.length (Input.tableBits_header table)
  change (tableBits table).length =
    (encodeWord table.vertices ++ (encodeWord table.darts ++ rowsBits (rowList table))).length at hh
  simp only [List.length_append, encodeWord_length] at hh
  unfold tableTailCost
  omega

def headIndex {q : Nat} (table : Table q) (e : Fin table.darts) : Fin table.darts :=
  table.rows[e].reverseIndex

def headValue {q : Nat} (table : Table q) (e : Fin table.darts) : Nat :=
  table.rows[headIndex table e].tail.val

theorem headValue_eq_semantics {q : Nat} (table : Table q) (e : Fin table.darts) :
    headValue table e = ((semantics table).head e).val := rfl

abbrev HeadTapes (K : Type) := Fin 6 → K

def headLookupTapes {q : Nat} (tape : HeadTapes K) (base : K → List Bool)
    (table : Table q) (e : Fin table.darts) : K → List Bool :=
  MachineLookup.tapes (tape 3) (tape 2) (tape 4) base
    (encodeWord 0 ++ base (tape 3))
    (encodeWord table.rows[headIndex table e].reverseIndex.val ++
      (encodeWords (relationWords table.rows[headIndex table e].relation) ++
        (rowsBits ((rowList table).drop ((headIndex table e).val + 1)) ++ base (tape 2))))
    (encodeWord (headValue table e))

def headLookupCost {q : Nat} (table : Table q) (e : Fin table.darts) : Nat :=
  2 * ((tableBits table).length + 1) +
    2 * ((encodeWord (headIndex table e).val).length + 1) + tableTailCost table (headIndex table e)

theorem headLookupCost_le {q : Nat} (table : Table q) (e : Fin table.darts) :
    headLookupCost table e ≤ 7 * (tableBits table).length + 5 := by
  have hi : (encodeWord (headIndex table e).val).length ≤ (tableBits table).length := by
    rw [encodeWord_length]
    exact (Nat.succ_le_of_lt (headIndex table e).isLt).trans (darts_le_tableBits_length table)
  have hl := tableTailCost_le table (headIndex table e)
  unfold headLookupCost
  omega

noncomputable def headTimePolynomial : Polynomial Nat :=
  Polynomial.C 7 * Polynomial.X + Polynomial.C 5

def headLookupInTime {q : Nat}
    (tape : HeadTapes K) (hinj : Function.Injective tape)
    (tableFirst tableSecond indexFirst indexSecond headerVertices headerDarts : Λ)
    (labels : Label → Λ) (exit : Option Λ)
    (P : Λ → TM2.Stmt (Alphabet (K := K)) Λ (σ × Option Bool))
    (atTableFirst : P tableFirst = Reduction.MachineTransfer.loopAt
      (tape 0) (tape 5) id false tableFirst (some tableSecond))
    (atTableSecond : P tableSecond = MachineCopy.forkLoop
      (tape 5) (tape 0) (tape 2) false tableSecond (some indexFirst))
    (atIndexFirst : P indexFirst = Reduction.MachineTransfer.loopAt
      (tape 1) (tape 5) id false indexFirst (some indexSecond))
    (atIndexSecond : P indexSecond = MachineCopy.forkLoop
      (tape 5) (tape 1) (tape 3) false indexSecond (some headerVertices))
    (atVertices : P headerVertices = MachineLookup.discard (tape 2) headerVertices headerDarts)
    (atDarts : P headerDarts = MachineLookup.discard (tape 2) headerDarts (labels .guard))
    (atStatement : ∀ label,
      P (labels label) = statement q (tape 3) (tape 2) (tape 4) labels exit label)
    (base : K → List Bool) (table : Table q) (e : Fin table.darts)
    (hTable : base (tape 0) = tableBits table)
    (hReverse : base (tape 1) = encodeWord (headIndex table e).val)
    (hHead : base (tape 4) = []) (hScratch : base (tape 5) = [])
    (ambient : σ) (register : Option Bool) :
    StateTransition.EvalsToInTime (TM2.step P)
      ⟨some tableFirst, (ambient, register), base⟩
      (some ⟨exit, (ambient, none), headLookupTapes tape base table e⟩)
      (headTimePolynomial.eval (tableBits table).length) := by
  have hne (i j : Fin 6) (h : i ≠ j) : tape i ≠ tape j := fun heq => h (hinj heq)
  let t₁ := Function.update base (tape 2) (tableBits table ++ base (tape 2))
  let t₂ := Function.update t₁ (tape 3) (encodeWord (headIndex table e).val ++ base (tape 3))
  have run₁ : StateTransition.EvalsToInTime (TM2.step P)
      ⟨some tableFirst, (ambient, register), base⟩
      (some ⟨some indexFirst, (ambient, none), t₁⟩)
      (2 * ((tableBits table).length + 1)) := by
    simpa only [hTable, t₁] using MachineCopy.copyInTime (tape 0) (tape 2) (tape 5)
      (hne 0 2 (by decide)) (hne 0 5 (by decide)) (hne 2 5 (by decide)) false
      tableFirst tableSecond (some indexFirst) P atTableFirst atTableSecond
      base hScratch ambient register
  have hsrc : t₁ (tape 1) = encodeWord (headIndex table e).val := by
    simp only [t₁, Function.update_of_ne (hne 1 2 (by decide)), hReverse]
  have hdst : t₁ (tape 3) = base (tape 3) := by
    simp only [t₁, Function.update_of_ne (hne 3 2 (by decide))]
  have hscratch₁ : t₁ (tape 5) = [] := by
    simp only [t₁, Function.update_of_ne (hne 5 2 (by decide)), hScratch]
  have run₂ : StateTransition.EvalsToInTime (TM2.step P)
      ⟨some indexFirst, (ambient, none), t₁⟩
      (some ⟨some headerVertices, (ambient, none), t₂⟩)
      (2 * ((encodeWord (headIndex table e).val).length + 1)) := by
    simpa only [hsrc, hdst, t₂] using MachineCopy.copyInTime (tape 1) (tape 3) (tape 5)
      (hne 1 3 (by decide)) (hne 1 5 (by decide)) (hne 3 5 (by decide)) false
      indexFirst indexSecond (some headerVertices) P atIndexFirst atIndexSecond
      t₁ hscratch₁ ambient none
  have ht₂ : t₂ = MachineLookup.tapes (tape 3) (tape 2) (tape 4) base
      (encodeWord (headIndex table e).val ++ base (tape 3))
      (tableBits table ++ base (tape 2)) [] := by
    funext k
    by_cases hi : k = tape 3
    · subst k
      simp [t₂, MachineLookup.tapes, hne 3 2 (by decide), hne 3 4 (by decide)]
    · by_cases hs : k = tape 2
      · subst k
        simp [t₂, t₁, MachineLookup.tapes, hne 2 3 (by decide), hne 2 4 (by decide)]
      · by_cases hh : k = tape 4
        · subst k
          simp [t₂, t₁, MachineLookup.tapes, hne 4 3 (by decide),
            hne 4 2 (by decide), hHead]
        · simp [t₂, t₁, MachineLookup.tapes, hi, hs, hh]
  let run₃ : StateTransition.EvalsToInTime (TM2.step P)
      ⟨some headerVertices, (ambient, none), t₂⟩
      (some ⟨exit, (ambient, none), headLookupTapes tape base table e⟩)
      (tableTailCost table (headIndex table e)) := {
    steps := tableTailCost table (headIndex table e)
    evals_in_steps := by
      change (advance (TM2.step P))^[tableTailCost table (headIndex table e)]
        (some ⟨some headerVertices, (ambient, none), t₂⟩) =
          some ⟨exit, (ambient, none), headLookupTapes tape base table e⟩
      rw [ht₂]
      simpa only [headLookupTapes, headValue, tableTailCost, List.append_nil] using
        fullTableTailTrace (tape 3) (tape 2) (tape 4) labels exit
          headerVertices headerDarts P atStatement atVertices atDarts
          (hne 3 2 (by decide)) (hne 3 4 (by decide)) (hne 2 4 (by decide))
          base table (headIndex table e) (base (tape 3)) (base (tape 2)) [] ambient none
    steps_le_m := Nat.le_refl _ }
  let run₁₂ := StateTransition.EvalsToInTime.trans _ _ _ _ _ _ run₁ run₂
  let run := StateTransition.EvalsToInTime.trans _ _ _ _ _ _ run₁₂ run₃
  refine { toEvalsTo := run.toEvalsTo, steps_le_m := ?_ }
  have ht := run.steps_le_m
  have hb := headLookupCost_le table e
  simp only [headTimePolynomial, Polynomial.eval_add, Polynomial.eval_mul,
    Polynomial.eval_C, Polynomial.eval_X]
  unfold headLookupCost at hb
  omega

theorem headLookupTapes_head {q : Nat} (tape : HeadTapes K) (base : K → List Bool)
    (table : Table q) (e : Fin table.darts) :
    headLookupTapes tape base table e (tape 4) = encodeWord (headValue table e) := by
  simp [headLookupTapes]

theorem headLookupTapes_frame {q : Nat} (tape : HeadTapes K) (base : K → List Bool)
    (table : Table q) (e : Fin table.darts) (other : K)
    (hc : other ≠ tape 3) (hs : other ≠ tape 2) (hh : other ≠ tape 4) :
    headLookupTapes tape base table e other = base other :=
  lookup_frame (tape 3) (tape 2) (tape 4) other hc hs hh base _ _ _

def readRowTapes {q n m : Nat} (source tail reverse : K) (base : K → List Bool)
    (row : DartRow q n m) (suffix : List Bool) : K → List Bool :=
  Function.update (Function.update (Function.update base source suffix)
    tail (encodeWord row.tail.val)) reverse (encodeWord row.reverseIndex.val)

theorem readRowTapes_source {q n m : Nat} (source tail reverse : K)
    (hst : source ≠ tail) (hsr : source ≠ reverse)
    (base : K → List Bool) (row : DartRow q n m) (suffix : List Bool) :
    readRowTapes source tail reverse base row suffix source = suffix := by
  simp [readRowTapes, hst, hsr]

theorem readRowTapes_tail {q n m : Nat} (source tail reverse : K)
    (htr : tail ≠ reverse) (base : K → List Bool)
    (row : DartRow q n m) (suffix : List Bool) :
    readRowTapes source tail reverse base row suffix tail = encodeWord row.tail.val := by
  simp [readRowTapes, htr]

theorem readRowTapes_reverse {q n m : Nat} (source tail reverse : K)
    (base : K → List Bool) (row : DartRow q n m) (suffix : List Bool) :
    readRowTapes source tail reverse base row suffix reverse =
      encodeWord row.reverseIndex.val := by
  simp [readRowTapes]

theorem readRowTapes_frame {q n m : Nat} (source tail reverse other : K)
    (hs : other ≠ source) (ht : other ≠ tail) (hr : other ≠ reverse)
    (base : K → List Bool) (row : DartRow q n m) (suffix : List Bool) :
    readRowTapes source tail reverse base row suffix other = base other := by
  simp [readRowTapes, hs, ht, hr]

def readRowCost {q n m : Nat} (row : DartRow q n m) : Nat :=
  row.tail.val + row.reverseIndex.val + 5

theorem readRowCost_le {q n m : Nat} (row : DartRow q n m) :
    readRowCost row ≤ (rowBits row).length + 3 := by
  rw [rowBits_eq]
  simp only [List.length_append, encodeWord_length]
  unfold readRowCost
  omega

theorem readRowCost_table_le {q : Nat} (table : Table q) (e : Fin table.darts) :
    readRowCost table.rows[e] ≤ 2 * (tableBits table).length + 5 := by
  have ht := (Nat.le_of_lt table.rows[e].tail.isLt).trans
    (vertices_le_tableBits_length table)
  have hr := (Nat.le_of_lt table.rows[e].reverseIndex.isLt).trans
    (darts_le_tableBits_length table)
  unfold readRowCost
  omega

def readRowInTime {q n m : Nat} (source tail reverse : K)
    (hst : source ≠ tail) (hsr : source ≠ reverse) (htr : tail ≠ reverse)
    (tailStart tailLoop reverseStart reverseLoop readLabel exitLabel : Λ)
    (P : Λ → TM2.Stmt (Alphabet (K := K)) Λ (ReadRelation.State σ q))
    (atTailStart : P tailStart = Hastad.SourceMachine.fieldStart tail tailLoop)
    (atTailLoop : P tailLoop =
      Hastad.SourceMachine.fieldLoop source tail tailLoop (some reverseStart))
    (atReverseStart : P reverseStart = Hastad.SourceMachine.fieldStart reverse reverseLoop)
    (atReverseLoop : P reverseLoop =
      Hastad.SourceMachine.fieldLoop source reverse reverseLoop (some readLabel))
    (atRead : P readLabel = ReadRelation.parser source exitLabel)
    (base : K → List Bool) (row : DartRow q n m) (suffix : List Bool)
    (hinput : base source = rowBits row ++ suffix)
    (hTail : base tail = []) (hReverse : base reverse = [])
    (ambient : σ) (initial : RelationTable q) (register : Option Bool) :
    StateTransition.EvalsToInTime (TM2.step P)
      ⟨some tailStart, ((ambient, initial), register), base⟩
      (some ⟨some exitLabel, ((ambient, row.relation), none),
        readRowTapes source tail reverse base row suffix⟩)
      (readRowCost row) := by
  let relationInput := encodeWords (relationWords row.relation) ++ suffix
  let reverseInput := encodeWord row.reverseIndex.val ++ relationInput
  let t₁ := Hastad.SourceMachine.fieldTapes source tail base reverseInput
    (encodeWord row.tail.val)
  let t₂ := Hastad.SourceMachine.fieldTapes source reverse t₁ relationInput
    (encodeWord row.reverseIndex.val)
  have hinput₁ : base source = encodeWord row.tail.val ++ reverseInput := by
    simpa only [rowBits_eq, List.append_assoc, reverseInput, relationInput] using hinput
  have run₁ : StateTransition.EvalsToInTime (TM2.step P)
      ⟨some tailStart, ((ambient, initial), register), base⟩
      (some ⟨some reverseStart, ((ambient, initial), none), t₁⟩)
      (row.tail.val + 2) := by
    simpa only [hTail, List.append_nil, t₁] using
      Hastad.SourceMachine.fieldInTime source tail hst tailStart tailLoop
        (some reverseStart) P atTailStart atTailLoop base row.tail.val reverseInput
        hinput₁ (ambient, initial) register
  have hinput₂ : t₁ source = encodeWord row.reverseIndex.val ++ relationInput := by
    simp only [t₁, Hastad.SourceMachine.fieldTapes_source source tail hst, reverseInput]
  have hreverse₁ : t₁ reverse = [] := by
    simp [t₁, Hastad.SourceMachine.fieldTapes, Ne.symm hsr, Ne.symm htr, hReverse]
  have run₂ : StateTransition.EvalsToInTime (TM2.step P)
      ⟨some reverseStart, ((ambient, initial), none), t₁⟩
      (some ⟨some readLabel, ((ambient, initial), none), t₂⟩)
      (row.reverseIndex.val + 2) := by
    simpa only [hreverse₁, List.append_nil, t₂] using
      Hastad.SourceMachine.fieldInTime source reverse hsr reverseStart reverseLoop
        (some readLabel) P atReverseStart atReverseLoop t₁ row.reverseIndex.val relationInput
        hinput₂ (ambient, initial) none
  have hinput₃ : t₂ source = encodeWords (relationWords row.relation) ++ suffix := by
    simp only [t₂, Hastad.SourceMachine.fieldTapes_source source reverse hsr, relationInput]
  have hrestore : Function.update t₂ source
      (encodeWords (relationWords row.relation) ++ suffix) = t₂ := by
    rw [← hinput₃]
    exact Function.update_eq_self source t₂
  have hfinal : Function.update t₂ source suffix =
      readRowTapes source tail reverse base row suffix := by
    funext k
    by_cases hs : k = source
    · subst k
      simp [readRowTapes, hst, hsr]
    · by_cases ht : k = tail
      · subst k
        simp [t₂, t₁, Hastad.SourceMachine.fieldTapes, readRowTapes, hs, htr]
      · by_cases hr : k = reverse
        · subst k
          simp [t₂, Hastad.SourceMachine.fieldTapes, readRowTapes, hs]
        · simp [t₂, t₁, Hastad.SourceMachine.fieldTapes, readRowTapes, hs, ht, hr]
  have run₃ : StateTransition.EvalsToInTime (TM2.step P)
      ⟨some readLabel, ((ambient, initial), none), t₂⟩
      (some ⟨some exitLabel, ((ambient, row.relation), none),
        readRowTapes source tail reverse base row suffix⟩) 1 := {
    steps := 1
    evals_in_steps := by
      change (advance (TM2.step P))^[1] _ = _
      simpa only [hrestore, hfinal] using ReadRelation.parserTrace source readLabel exitLabel
        P atRead t₂ row.relation suffix ambient initial none
    steps_le_m := Nat.le_refl _ }
  let run₁₂ := StateTransition.EvalsToInTime.trans _ _ _ _ _ _ run₁ run₂
  let run := StateTransition.EvalsToInTime.trans _ _ _ _ _ _ run₁₂ run₃
  refine { toEvalsTo := run.toEvalsTo, steps_le_m := ?_ }
  have ht := run.steps_le_m
  unfold readRowCost
  omega

def machine (q : Nat) : FinTM2 where
  K := Fin 3
  k₀ := 1
  k₁ := 2
  Γ _ := Bool
  Λ := Label
  main := .guard
  σ := Unit × Option Bool
  initialState := ((), none)
  m := program q 0 1 2

end DFVSGames.Foundations.PCP.AlphabetTable.Lookup

namespace DFVSGames.Foundations.PCP.AlphabetTable.RuntimeModel

open Turing
open DFVSGames.Foundations.Complexity

inductive Tape
  | original | cursor | scan | vertices | darts | counter | edge
  | tail | reverseIndex | head | scratch | indexScan
  | compareLeft | compareRight | reversed | output
  deriving DecidableEq

instance : Fintype Tape where
  elems := {.original, .cursor, .scan, .vertices, .darts, .counter, .edge,
    .tail, .reverseIndex, .head, .scratch, .indexScan,
    .compareLeft, .compareRight, .reversed, .output}
  complete tape := by cases tape <;> simp

abbrev Alphabet (_ : Tape) := Bool

abbrev Flags := Bool × Bool × Option Bool
abbrev Ambient (q : Nat) := Flags × GenericGraphTables.RelationTable q
abbrev State (q : Nat) := Ambient q × Option Bool

def normal {q : Nat} (relation : GenericGraphTables.RelationTable q) (selfLoop : Bool) : State q :=
  (((selfLoop, false, none), relation), none)

def initial (q : Nat) : State q := normal (Vector.replicate (q * q) false) false

def context {q : Nat} (ambient : Ambient q) : GenericGraphTables.RelationTable q × Bool :=
  (ambient.2, ambient.1.1)

def compareEquiv (q : Nat) : State q ≃
    MachineCompare.State (GenericGraphTables.RelationTable q × Bool) where
  toFun s := ((s.1.2, s.1.1.1), s.1.1.2.1, s.1.1.2.2, s.2)
  invFun s := (((s.1.2, s.2.1, s.2.2.1), s.1.1), s.2.2.2)
  left_inv _ := rfl
  right_inv _ := rfl

@[simp] theorem compareEquiv_normal {q : Nat}
    (relation : GenericGraphTables.RelationTable q) (selfLoop : Bool) :
    compareEquiv q (normal relation selfLoop) =
      ((relation, selfLoop), false, none, none) := rfl

def emitterEquiv (q : Nat) : ((Ambient q × Unit) × Option Bool) ≃ State q where
  toFun s := (s.1.1, s.2)
  invFun s := ((s.1, ()), s.2)
  left_inv s := by rcases s with ⟨⟨s, u⟩, r⟩; cases u; rfl
  right_inv _ := rfl

def setupPorts : Fin 7 → Tape :=
  ![.original, .cursor, .vertices, .darts, .counter, .scratch, .edge]

theorem setupPorts_injective : Function.Injective setupPorts := by
  intro i j h
  fin_cases i <;> fin_cases j <;> simp_all [setupPorts]

def headPorts : Fin 6 → Tape :=
  ![.original, .reverseIndex, .scan, .indexScan, .head, .scratch]

theorem headPorts_injective : Function.Injective headPorts := by
  intro i j h
  fin_cases i <;> fin_cases j <;> simp_all [headPorts]

def rowSources : Fin 5 → Tape := ![.vertices, .darts, .edge, .tail, .head]
def headerSources : Fin 2 → Tape := ![.vertices, .darts]
def fieldPorts : Fin 3 → Tape := ![.tail, .reverseIndex, .head]

def cleanupPorts : Fin 15 → Tape :=
  ![.original, .cursor, .scan, .vertices, .darts, .counter, .edge,
    .tail, .reverseIndex, .head, .scratch, .indexScan, .compareLeft, .compareRight, .reversed]

theorem cleanupPorts_ne_output (i : Fin 15) : cleanupPorts i ≠ .output := by
  fin_cases i <;> simp [cleanupPorts]

theorem cleanupPorts_cover (tape : Tape) (h : tape ≠ .output) :
    ∃ i, cleanupPorts i = tape := by
  cases tape
  · exact ⟨0, rfl⟩
  · exact ⟨1, rfl⟩
  · exact ⟨2, rfl⟩
  · exact ⟨3, rfl⟩
  · exact ⟨4, rfl⟩
  · exact ⟨5, rfl⟩
  · exact ⟨6, rfl⟩
  · exact ⟨7, rfl⟩
  · exact ⟨8, rfl⟩
  · exact ⟨9, rfl⟩
  · exact ⟨10, rfl⟩
  · exact ⟨11, rfl⟩
  · exact ⟨12, rfl⟩
  · exact ⟨13, rfl⟩
  · exact ⟨14, rfl⟩
  · exact (h rfl).elim

variable {Λ : Type} {q : Nat}

def compareStatement (stmt : TM2.Stmt Alphabet Λ
    (MachineCompare.State (GenericGraphTables.RelationTable q × Bool))) :
    TM2.Stmt Alphabet Λ (State q) :=
  MachineControl.statement id (compareEquiv q).symm stmt

def emitterStatement (stmt : TM2.Stmt Alphabet Λ ((Ambient q × Unit) × Option Bool)) :
    TM2.Stmt Alphabet Λ (State q) :=
  MachineControl.statement id (emitterEquiv q) stmt

def storeLoop (value : Bool) (next : Λ) : TM2.Stmt Alphabet Λ (State q) :=
  .load (fun state => (((value, false, none), state.1.2), none)) (.goto fun _ => next)

theorem stepAux_storeLoop (value : Bool) (next : Λ) (state : State q)
    (base : Tape → List Bool) :
    TM2.stepAux (storeLoop value next) state base =
      ⟨some next, normal state.1.2 value, base⟩ := rfl

def nextRow (next : Λ) : TM2.Stmt Alphabet Λ (State q) :=
  .push .edge (fun _ => true)
    (.load (fun state => (state.1, none)) (.goto fun _ => next))

theorem stepAux_nextRow (next : Λ) (state : State q)
    (base : Tape → List Bool) (edge : Nat) (suffix : List Bool)
    (he : base .edge = encodeWord edge ++ suffix) :
    TM2.stepAux (nextRow next) state base =
      ⟨some next, (state.1, none),
        Function.update base .edge (encodeWord (edge + 1) ++ suffix)⟩ := by
  simp [nextRow, TM2.stepAux, he, encodeWord, List.replicate_succ]

def transportInTime {K τ υ : Type} [DecidableEq K] {Γ : K → Type}
    (e : τ ≃ υ) (p : Λ → TM2.Stmt Γ Λ τ)
    {start finish : TM2.Cfg Γ Λ τ} {budget : Nat}
    (run : StateTransition.EvalsToInTime (TM2.step p) start (some finish) budget) :
    StateTransition.EvalsToInTime (TM2.step (MachineControl.program (Equiv.refl Λ) e p))
      (MachineControl.configuration id e start)
      (some (MachineControl.configuration id e finish)) budget := by
  apply MachineComposition.liftExecutionInTime _ _ (MachineControl.configuration id e) _ run
  intro a b hab
  have h := MachineControl.step_simulation (Equiv.refl Λ) e p a
  rw [hab] at h
  exact h

end DFVSGames.Foundations.PCP.AlphabetTable.RuntimeModel

end OAI