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import OAI.Computability.LoopMatching.ChoiceCounts
namespace OAI
/-! Polynomial-time approximation of weighted matchings with singleton loops. -/
noncomputable section
open scoped BigOperators
namespace LoopMatching
def SupportedMatching (G : Input) (j : ℕ) :=
{N : (BinaryMatching.completeGraph (expand G j).n).Matching //
∀ e ∈ N.val, e.val.1.val < G.n}
def oldVertex (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (v : Fin G.n) : Fin (expand G j).n :=
⟨v.val, by have := v.isLt; simp only [expand_n]; omega⟩
def dummyVertex (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (d : Fin j) : Fin (expand G j).n :=
⟨G.n + d.val, by have := d.isLt; simp only [expand_n]; omega⟩
@[simp] lemma incident_oldPair (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (v : Fin G.n)
(e : BinaryMatching.Pair G.n) :
(BinaryMatching.completeGraph (expand G j).n).Incident
(oldVertex G j v) (oldPair G j e) ↔
(BinaryMatching.completeGraph G.n).Incident v e := by
simp [MatchingEntropy.LooplessGraph.Incident, BinaryMatching.completeGraph,
oldVertex, oldPair, Fin.ext_iff]
lemma oldPair_injective (G : Input) (j : ℕ) : Function.Injective (oldPair G j) := by
intro e f h
apply Subtype.ext
apply Prod.ext <;> apply Fin.ext
· exact congrArg (fun p => p.val.1.val) h
· exact congrArg (fun p => p.val.2.val) h
lemma crossPair_injective (G : Input) (j : ℕ) {v w : Fin G.n} {d c : Fin j}
(h : crossPair G j v d = crossPair G j w c) : v = w ∧ d = c := by
constructor
· apply Fin.ext
exact congrArg (fun p => p.val.1.val) h
· apply Fin.ext
have hh := congrArg (fun p => p.val.2.val) h
dsimp [crossPair] at hh
omega
lemma oldPair_ne_crossPair (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (e : BinaryMatching.Pair G.n)
(v : Fin G.n) (d : Fin j) : oldPair G j e ≠ crossPair G j v d := by
intro h
have hh := congrArg (fun p => p.val.2.val) h
have he := e.val.2.isLt
dsimp [oldPair, crossPair] at hh
omega
lemma matching_edge_unique (G : Input) (j : ℕ)
(N : (BinaryMatching.completeGraph (expand G j).n).Matching)
(v : Fin (expand G j).n) (e f : BinaryMatching.Pair (expand G j).n)
(he : e ∈ N.val) (hf : f ∈ N.val)
(hve : (BinaryMatching.completeGraph (expand G j).n).Incident v e)
(hvf : (BinaryMatching.completeGraph (expand G j).n).Incident v f) : e = f := by
obtain ⟨a, ha, hu⟩ := N.property v
exact (hu e ⟨he,hve⟩).trans (hu f ⟨hf,hvf⟩).symm
def restrictMatching (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (N : SupportedMatching G j) :
PartialMatching G.n := by
classical
refine ⟨Finset.univ.filter (fun e => oldPair G j e ∈ N.val.val), ?_⟩
intro v e he f hf hve hvf
apply oldPair_injective G j
exact matching_edge_unique G j N.val (oldVertex G j v) _ _
(Finset.mem_filter.mp he).2 (Finset.mem_filter.mp hf).2
((incident_oldPair G j v e).mpr hve) ((incident_oldPair G j v f).mpr hvf)
@[simp] lemma mem_restrictMatching (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (N : SupportedMatching G j)
(e : BinaryMatching.Pair G.n) :
e ∈ (restrictMatching G j N).val ↔ oldPair G j e ∈ N.val.val := by
simp [restrictMatching]
lemma exists_crossPartner (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (N : SupportedMatching G j)
(d : Fin j) : ∃ v : Fin G.n, crossPair G j v d ∈ N.val.val := by
obtain ⟨e,⟨he,hi⟩,hu⟩ := N.val.property (dummyVertex G j d)
have hl := N.property e he
have hr : e.val.2.val = G.n + d.val := by
rcases hi with hi | hi
· have hh := congrArg Fin.val hi
dsimp [BinaryMatching.completeGraph, dummyVertex] at hh
omega
· exact congrArg Fin.val hi
let v : Fin G.n := ⟨e.val.1.val,hl⟩
refine ⟨v, ?_⟩
have hh : crossPair G j v d = e := by
apply Subtype.ext
apply Prod.ext <;> apply Fin.ext
· rfl
· exact hr.symm
simpa only [hh] using he
def crossPartner (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (N : SupportedMatching G j) (d : Fin j) : Fin G.n :=
Classical.choose (exists_crossPartner G j N d)
lemma crossPartner_mem (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (N : SupportedMatching G j) (d : Fin j) :
crossPair G j (crossPartner G j N d) d ∈ N.val.val :=
Classical.choose_spec (exists_crossPartner G j N d)
lemma crossPartner_eq (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (N : SupportedMatching G j)
(v : Fin G.n) (d : Fin j) (hv : crossPair G j v d ∈ N.val.val) :
crossPartner G j N d = v := by
have he := matching_edge_unique G j N.val (dummyVertex G j d) _ _
(crossPartner_mem G j N d) hv (Or.inr rfl) (Or.inr rfl)
exact (crossPair_injective G j he).1
lemma crossPartner_uncovered (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (N : SupportedMatching G j) (d : Fin j) :
crossPartner G j N d ∈ loopVertices (restrictMatching G j N) := by
classical
apply Finset.mem_filter.mpr
refine ⟨Finset.mem_univ _, ?_⟩
intro e he hi
apply oldPair_ne_crossPair G j e (crossPartner G j N d) d
exact matching_edge_unique G j N.val (oldVertex G j (crossPartner G j N d)) _ _
((mem_restrictMatching G j N e).mp he) (crossPartner_mem G j N d)
((incident_oldPair G j _ e).mpr hi) (Or.inl rfl)
lemma crossPartner_injective (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (N : SupportedMatching G j) :
Function.Injective (crossPartner G j N) := by
intro d c h
have he := matching_edge_unique G j N.val (oldVertex G j (crossPartner G j N d))
_ _ (crossPartner_mem G j N d) (crossPartner_mem G j N c)
(Or.inl rfl) (Or.inl (congrArg (oldVertex G j) h.symm))
exact (crossPair_injective G j he).2
lemma crossPartner_surjective (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (N : SupportedMatching G j)
(v : loopVertices (restrictMatching G j N)) :
∃ d : Fin j, crossPartner G j N d = v.val := by
classical
obtain ⟨e,⟨he,hi⟩,hu⟩ := N.val.property (oldVertex G j v.val)
have hl := N.property e he
have hr : G.n ≤ e.val.2.val := by
by_contra hh
have hright : e.val.2.val < G.n := by omega
let f : BinaryMatching.Pair G.n :=
⟨(⟨e.val.1.val,hl⟩,⟨e.val.2.val,hright⟩), e.property⟩
have hef : oldPair G j f = e := by
apply Subtype.ext
apply Prod.ext <;> apply Fin.ext <;> rfl
have hf : f ∈ (restrictMatching G j N).val := by
rw [mem_restrictMatching, hef]
exact he
have huv := (Finset.mem_filter.mp v.property).2
apply huv f hf
apply (incident_oldPair G j v.val f).mp
simpa only [hef] using hi
have hleft : e.val.1.val = v.val.val := by
rcases hi with hi | hi
· exact congrArg Fin.val hi
· have hh := congrArg Fin.val hi
have hv := v.val.isLt
dsimp [BinaryMatching.completeGraph,oldVertex] at hh
omega
let d : Fin j := ⟨e.val.2.val-G.n, by
have he2 := e.val.2.isLt
simp only [expand_n] at he2
omega⟩
have hed : crossPair G j v.val d = e := by
apply Subtype.ext
apply Prod.ext <;> apply Fin.ext
· exact hleft.symm
· dsimp [crossPair,d]
omega
exact ⟨d,crossPartner_eq G j N v.val d (by simpa only [hed] using he)⟩
def dummyEquiv (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (N : SupportedMatching G j) :
Fin j ≃ ↥(loopVertices (restrictMatching G j N)) :=
Equiv.ofBijective (fun d => ⟨crossPartner G j N d,crossPartner_uncovered G j N d⟩)
⟨fun d c h => crossPartner_injective G j N (congrArg Subtype.val h), by
intro v
obtain ⟨d,hd⟩ := crossPartner_surjective G j N v
exact ⟨d,Subtype.ext hd⟩⟩
@[simp] lemma incident_cross_old (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (v w : Fin G.n) (d : Fin j) :
(BinaryMatching.completeGraph (expand G j).n).Incident
(oldVertex G j v) (crossPair G j w d) ↔ w = v := by
have hv := v.isLt
simp only [MatchingEntropy.LooplessGraph.Incident, BinaryMatching.completeGraph,
crossPair, oldVertex, Fin.ext_iff]
omega
@[simp] lemma incident_cross_dummy (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (v : Fin G.n) (d c : Fin j) :
(BinaryMatching.completeGraph (expand G j).n).Incident
(dummyVertex G j d) (crossPair G j v c) ↔ c = d := by
have hv := v.isLt
simp only [MatchingEntropy.LooplessGraph.Incident, BinaryMatching.completeGraph,
crossPair, dummyVertex, Fin.ext_iff]
omega
@[simp] lemma not_incident_old_dummy (G : Input) (j : ℕ)
(e : BinaryMatching.Pair G.n) (d : Fin j) :
¬ (BinaryMatching.completeGraph (expand G j).n).Incident
(dummyVertex G j d) (oldPair G j e) := by
have h1 := e.val.1.isLt
have h2 := e.val.2.isLt
simp only [MatchingEntropy.LooplessGraph.Incident, BinaryMatching.completeGraph,
oldPair, dummyVertex, Fin.ext_iff]
omega
def assembledEdges (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (M : PartialMatching G.n)
(b : Fin j ≃ ↥(loopVertices M)) : Finset (BinaryMatching.Pair (expand G j).n) := by
classical
exact M.val.image (oldPair G j) ∪ Finset.univ.image (fun d => crossPair G j (b d).val d)
lemma mem_assembledEdges (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (M : PartialMatching G.n)
(b : Fin j ≃ ↥(loopVertices M)) (e : BinaryMatching.Pair (expand G j).n) :
e ∈ assembledEdges G j M b ↔
(∃ f ∈ M.val, oldPair G j f = e) ∨ (∃ d, crossPair G j (b d).val d = e) := by
classical
simp only [assembledEdges, Finset.mem_union, Finset.mem_image, Finset.mem_univ, true_and]
lemma assembledEdges_perfect (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (M : PartialMatching G.n)
(b : Fin j ≃ ↥(loopVertices M)) :
(BinaryMatching.completeGraph (expand G j).n).IsPerfectMatching
(assembledEdges G j M b) := by
classical
intro x
by_cases hx : x.val < G.n
· let v : Fin G.n := ⟨x.val,hx⟩
have hxv : x = oldVertex G j v := by apply Fin.ext; rfl
rw [hxv]
by_cases hv : ∃ e ∈ M.val, (BinaryMatching.completeGraph G.n).Incident v e
· obtain ⟨e,he,hi⟩ := hv
refine ⟨oldPair G j e, ⟨?_,(incident_oldPair G j v e).mpr hi⟩, ?_⟩
· exact (mem_assembledEdges G j M b _).mpr (Or.inl ⟨e,he,rfl⟩)
· intro f hf
rcases (mem_assembledEdges G j M b f).mp hf.1 with ⟨a,ha,rfl⟩ | ⟨d,rfl⟩
· exact congrArg (oldPair G j)
(M.property v a ha e he ((incident_oldPair G j v a).mp hf.2) hi)
· have hbv := (incident_cross_old G j v (b d).val d).mp hf.2
have hloop := (Finset.mem_filter.mp (b d).property).2
exact False.elim (hloop e he (by simpa only [hbv] using hi))
· have hvloop : v ∈ loopVertices M := by
simp only [loopVertices,Finset.mem_filter,Finset.mem_univ,true_and]
simpa only [not_exists,not_and] using hv
let d := b.symm ⟨v,hvloop⟩
have hbd : (b d).val = v := congrArg Subtype.val (b.apply_symm_apply _)
refine ⟨crossPair G j (b d).val d, ⟨?_, ?_⟩, ?_⟩
· exact (mem_assembledEdges G j M b _).mpr (Or.inr ⟨d,rfl⟩)
· exact (incident_cross_old G j v (b d).val d).mpr hbd
· intro f hf
rcases (mem_assembledEdges G j M b f).mp hf.1 with ⟨a,ha,rfl⟩ | ⟨c,rfl⟩
· exact False.elim (hv ⟨a,ha,(incident_oldPair G j v a).mp hf.2⟩)
· have hbc := (incident_cross_old G j v (b c).val c).mp hf.2
have hcd : c = d := b.injective (Subtype.ext (hbc.trans hbd.symm))
subst c
rfl
· let d : Fin j := ⟨x.val-G.n,by have := x.isLt; simp only [expand_n] at this; omega⟩
have hxd : x = dummyVertex G j d := by apply Fin.ext; dsimp [dummyVertex,d]; omega
rw [hxd]
refine ⟨crossPair G j (b d).val d, ⟨?_,Or.inr rfl⟩, ?_⟩
· exact (mem_assembledEdges G j M b _).mpr (Or.inr ⟨d,rfl⟩)
· intro f hf
rcases (mem_assembledEdges G j M b f).mp hf.1 with ⟨a,ha,rfl⟩ | ⟨c,rfl⟩
· exact False.elim (not_incident_old_dummy G j a d hf.2)
· have hcd := (incident_cross_dummy G j (b c).val d c).mp hf.2
subst c
rfl
def assembleMatching (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (M : PartialMatching G.n)
(b : Fin j ≃ ↥(loopVertices M)) : SupportedMatching G j := by
refine ⟨⟨assembledEdges G j M b,assembledEdges_perfect G j M b⟩,?_⟩
intro e he
rcases (mem_assembledEdges G j M b e).mp he with ⟨a,ha,rfl⟩ | ⟨d,rfl⟩
· exact a.val.1.isLt
· exact (b d).val.isLt
lemma restrict_assemble (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (M : PartialMatching G.n)
(b : Fin j ≃ ↥(loopVertices M)) :
restrictMatching G j (assembleMatching G j M b) = M := by
classical
apply Subtype.ext
ext e
rw [mem_restrictMatching]
change oldPair G j e ∈ assembledEdges G j M b ↔ e ∈ M.val
rw [mem_assembledEdges]
constructor
· rintro (⟨a,ha,hea⟩ | ⟨d,hd⟩)
· exact (oldPair_injective G j hea) ▸ ha
· exact False.elim (oldPair_ne_crossPair G j e (b d).val d hd.symm)
· intro he
exact Or.inl ⟨e,he,rfl⟩
lemma crossPartner_assemble (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (M : PartialMatching G.n)
(b : Fin j ≃ ↥(loopVertices M)) (d : Fin j) :
crossPartner G j (assembleMatching G j M b) d = (b d).val := by
apply crossPartner_eq
exact (mem_assembledEdges G j M b _).mpr (Or.inr ⟨d,rfl⟩)
lemma supported_edge_cases (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (N : SupportedMatching G j)
(e : BinaryMatching.Pair (expand G j).n) (he : e ∈ N.val.val) :
(∃ f ∈ (restrictMatching G j N).val, oldPair G j f = e) ∨
(∃ d, crossPair G j (crossPartner G j N d) d = e) := by
have hl := N.property e he
by_cases hr : e.val.2.val < G.n
· let f : BinaryMatching.Pair G.n :=
⟨(⟨e.val.1.val,hl⟩,⟨e.val.2.val,hr⟩),e.property⟩
have hf : oldPair G j f = e := by
apply Subtype.ext; apply Prod.ext <;> apply Fin.ext <;> rfl
exact Or.inl ⟨f,(mem_restrictMatching G j N f).mpr (by simpa only [hf] using he),hf⟩
· let d : Fin j := ⟨e.val.2.val-G.n,by
have := e.val.2.isLt; simp only [expand_n] at this; omega⟩
let v : Fin G.n := ⟨e.val.1.val,hl⟩
have hf : crossPair G j v d = e := by
apply Subtype.ext; apply Prod.ext <;> apply Fin.ext
· rfl
· dsimp [crossPair,d]; omega
have hv := crossPartner_eq G j N v d (by simpa only [hf] using he)
exact Or.inr ⟨d,by simpa only [hv] using hf⟩
lemma assemble_restrict (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (N : SupportedMatching G j) :
assembleMatching G j (restrictMatching G j N) (dummyEquiv G j N) = N := by
classical
apply Subtype.ext
apply Subtype.ext
ext e
change e ∈ assembledEdges G j (restrictMatching G j N) (dummyEquiv G j N) ↔ e ∈ N.val.val
rw [mem_assembledEdges]
constructor
· rintro (⟨f,hf,rfl⟩ | ⟨d,rfl⟩)
· exact (mem_restrictMatching G j N f).mp hf
· exact crossPartner_mem G j N d
· exact supported_edge_cases G j N e
instance supportedMatchingFintype (G : Input) (j : ℕ) : Fintype (SupportedMatching G j) := by
classical
unfold SupportedMatching
exact Fintype.ofFinite _
def assembleMatchingEquiv (G : Input) (j : ℕ) :
((M : PartialMatching G.n) × (Fin j ≃ ↥(loopVertices M))) ≃ SupportedMatching G j :=
Equiv.ofBijective (fun z => assembleMatching G j z.1 z.2) ⟨by
rintro ⟨M,b⟩ ⟨M',b'⟩ h
have hm : M = M' := by
have hh := congrArg (restrictMatching G j) h
simpa only [restrict_assemble] using hh
cases hm
change assembleMatching G j M b = assembleMatching G j M b' at h
have hb : b = b' := by
apply Equiv.ext
intro d
apply Subtype.ext
rw [← crossPartner_assemble G j M b d, h, crossPartner_assemble]
cases hb
rfl,
fun N => ⟨⟨restrictMatching G j N,dummyEquiv G j N⟩,assemble_restrict G j N⟩⟩
def supportedMatchingEquiv (G : Input) (j : ℕ) :
SupportedMatching G j ≃ ((M : PartialMatching G.n) × (Fin j ≃ ↥(loopVertices M))) :=
(assembleMatchingEquiv G j).symm
lemma supportedMatchingEquiv_fst (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (N : SupportedMatching G j) :
(supportedMatchingEquiv G j N).1 = restrictMatching G j N := by
have hh := congrArg (restrictMatching G j) ((assembleMatchingEquiv G j).apply_symm_apply N)
change restrictMatching G j (assembleMatching G j
(supportedMatchingEquiv G j N).1 (supportedMatchingEquiv G j N).2) = _ at hh
simpa only [restrict_assemble] using hh
def supportedEdgeEquiv (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (N : SupportedMatching G j) :
(↥(restrictMatching G j N).val ⊕ Fin j) ≃ ↥N.val.val :=
Equiv.ofBijective (fun x => match x with
| Sum.inl e => ⟨oldPair G j e.val,(mem_restrictMatching G j N e.val).mp e.property⟩
| Sum.inr d => ⟨crossPair G j (crossPartner G j N d) d,crossPartner_mem G j N d⟩)
⟨by
intro x y h
have hh := congrArg Subtype.val h
cases x with
| inl e =>
cases y with
| inl f => exact congrArg Sum.inl (Subtype.ext (oldPair_injective G j hh))
| inr d => exact False.elim (oldPair_ne_crossPair G j e.val _ d hh)
| inr d =>
cases y with
| inl e => exact False.elim (oldPair_ne_crossPair G j e.val _ d hh.symm)
| inr c => exact congrArg Sum.inr (crossPair_injective G j hh).2,
by
intro e
rcases supported_edge_cases G j N e.val e.property with ⟨f,hf,he⟩ | ⟨d,he⟩
· exact ⟨Sum.inl ⟨f,hf⟩,Subtype.ext he⟩
· exact ⟨Sum.inr d,Subtype.ext he⟩⟩
lemma supported_matching_weight (G : Input) (j : ℕ) (N : SupportedMatching G j) :
(∏ e ∈ N.val.val, BinaryMatching.multiplicity (expand G j) e) =
weight G (restrictMatching G j N) := by
classical
rw [← Finset.prod_coe_sort]
have hprod := Fintype.prod_equiv (supportedEdgeEquiv G j N)
(fun x => match x with
| Sum.inl e => BinaryMatching.multiplicity G.ordinary e.val
| Sum.inr d => loopMultiplicity G (crossPartner G j N d))
(fun e : N.val.val => BinaryMatching.multiplicity (expand G j) e.val)
(by
intro x
cases x with
| inl e =>
change BinaryMatching.multiplicity G.ordinary e.val =
BinaryMatching.multiplicity (expand G j) (oldPair G j e.val)
exact (multiplicity_expand_old G j e.val).symm
| inr d =>
change loopMultiplicity G (crossPartner G j N d) =
BinaryMatching.multiplicity (expand G j) (crossPair G j (crossPartner G j N d) d)
exact (multiplicity_expand_cross G j (crossPartner G j N d) d).symm)
rw [← hprod,Fintype.prod_sum_type]
have hloop := Fintype.prod_equiv (dummyEquiv G j N)
(fun d => loopMultiplicity G (crossPartner G j N d))
(fun v => loopMultiplicity G v.val) (fun _ => rfl)
rw [hloop]
simp only [Finset.prod_coe_sort,weight]
lemma unsupported_matching_weight_zero (G : Input) (j : ℕ)
(N : (BinaryMatching.completeGraph (expand G j).n).Matching)
(h : ¬ ∀ e ∈ N.val, e.val.1.val < G.n) :
(∏ e ∈ N.val, BinaryMatching.multiplicity (expand G j) e) = 0 := by
classical
push Not at h
obtain ⟨e,he,hl⟩ := h
have hright := e.val.2.isLt
have hleft := e.val.1.isLt
have hlt := e.property
simp only [expand_n] at hright hleft
let f : BinaryMatching.Pair j :=
⟨(⟨e.val.1.val-G.n,by omega⟩,⟨e.val.2.val-G.n,by omega⟩),by
change e.val.1.val-G.n < e.val.2.val-G.n
change e.val.1.val < e.val.2.val at hlt
omega⟩
have hf : dummyPair G j f = e := by
apply Subtype.ext
apply Prod.ext <;> apply Fin.ext <;> dsimp [dummyPair,f] <;> omega
apply Finset.prod_eq_zero he
rw [← hf,multiplicity_expand_dummy]
end LoopMatching
end
end OAI