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Add lean source and binary files (part 91)
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import Mathlib
namespace OAI
noncomputable section
open MeasureTheory Filter
open scoped ENNReal NNReal
open scoped RealInnerProductSpace BoundedContinuousFunction
namespace EuclideanFiveColor.Amenable
variable (G : Type*) [AddCommGroup G] [TopologicalSpace G] [DiscreteTopology G]
def shift {E : Type*} [PseudoMetricSpace E] (g : G) (f : G →ᵇ E) : G →ᵇ E :=
f.compContinuous ⟨fun x => x + g, continuous_of_discreteTopology⟩
@[simp] lemma shift_apply {E : Type*} [PseudoMetricSpace E] (g x : G) (f : G →ᵇ E) :
shift G g f x = f (x+g) := rfl
/-- A normalized positive translation-invariant real functional. -/
structure Mean where
map : (G →ᵇ ℝ) →L[ℝ] ℝ
map_const : ∀ c, map (BoundedContinuousFunction.const G c) = c
positive : ∀ f, (∀ x, 0 ≤ f x) → 0 ≤ map f
invariant : ∀ g f, map (shift G g f) = map f
variable {G}
namespace Mean
variable (M : Mean G)
lemma mono (f h : G →ᵇ ℝ) (hf : ∀ x, f x ≤ h x) : M.map f ≤ M.map h := by
have hm := M.positive (h-f) (fun x => sub_nonneg.mpr (hf x))
simpa only [map_sub, sub_nonneg] using hm
lemma abs_le (f h : G →ᵇ ℝ) (hf : ∀ x, |f x| ≤ h x) : |M.map f| ≤ M.map h := by
rw [_root_.abs_le]
constructor
· have := M.mono (-h) f (fun x => (_root_.abs_le.mp (hf x)).1)
simpa only [map_neg] using this
· exact M.mono f h fun x => (_root_.abs_le.mp (hf x)).2
lemma exists_lt {f : G →ᵇ ℝ} {ε : ℝ} (h : M.map f < ε) : ∃ g, f g < ε := by
by_contra hn
push Not at hn
have := M.mono (BoundedContinuousFunction.const G ε) f hn
rw [M.map_const] at this
exact (not_lt_of_ge this) h
variable {H : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup H] [InnerProductSpace ℝ H] [CompleteSpace H]
def normFn (V : G →ᵇ H) : G →ᵇ ℝ :=
BoundedContinuousFunction.ofNormedAddCommGroup (fun x => ‖V x‖)
(continuous_norm.comp V.continuous) ‖V‖ (fun x => by simpa using V.norm_coe_le_norm x)
omit [AddCommGroup G] [DiscreteTopology G] [InnerProductSpace ℝ H] [CompleteSpace H] in
@[simp] lemma normFn_apply (V : G →ᵇ H) (x : G) : normFn V x = ‖V x‖ := rfl
def pairing (V : G →ᵇ H) (v : H) : G →ᵇ ℝ :=
BoundedContinuousFunction.ofNormedAddCommGroup (fun x => inner ℝ (V x) v)
(V.continuous.inner continuous_const) (‖V‖ * ‖v‖)
(fun x => (norm_inner_le_norm _ _).trans (mul_le_mul_of_nonneg_right (V.norm_coe_le_norm x) (norm_nonneg v)))
omit [AddCommGroup G] [DiscreteTopology G] [CompleteSpace H] in
@[simp] lemma pairing_apply (V : G →ᵇ H) (v : H) (x : G) : pairing V v x = inner ℝ (V x) v := rfl
omit [CompleteSpace H] in
lemma pairing_bound (V : G →ᵇ H) (v : H) :
|M.map (pairing V v)| ≤ M.map (normFn V) * ‖v‖ := by
have he : M.map (‖v‖ • normFn V) = M.map (normFn V) * ‖v‖ := by
rw [map_smul]; simp [mul_comm]
rw [← he]
apply M.abs_le
intro x
simpa [mul_comm] using (norm_inner_le_norm (𝕜 := ℝ) (V x) v)
def pairingMap (V : G →ᵇ H) : H →L[ℝ] ℝ :=
LinearMap.mkContinuous
{ toFun := fun v => M.map (pairing V v)
map_add' := by
intro v w
have he : pairing V (v+w) = pairing V v + pairing V w := by ext; simp [inner_add_right]
rw [he, map_add]
map_smul' := by
intro c v
have he : pairing V (c • v) = c • pairing V v := by ext; simp [inner_smul_right]
rw [he, map_smul]; rfl }
(M.map (normFn V)) (fun v => M.pairing_bound V v)
def vector (V : G →ᵇ H) : H := (InnerProductSpace.toDual ℝ H).symm (M.pairingMap V)
lemma vector_pair (V : G →ᵇ H) (v : H) :
inner ℝ (M.vector V) v = M.map (pairing V v) := InnerProductSpace.toDual_symm_apply
lemma vector_norm_le (V : G →ᵇ H) : ‖M.vector V‖ ≤ M.map (normFn V) := by
rw [vector, LinearIsometryEquiv.norm_map]
apply (M.pairingMap V).opNorm_le_bound (M.positive _ (fun x => by simp))
exact M.pairing_bound V
lemma vector_add (V W : G →ᵇ H) : M.vector (V+W) = M.vector V + M.vector W := by
apply ext_inner_right ℝ; intro v
rw [inner_add_left, M.vector_pair, M.vector_pair, M.vector_pair]
have he : pairing (V+W) v = pairing V v + pairing W v := by ext; simp [inner_add_left]
rw [he, map_add]
lemma vector_smul (c : ℝ) (V : G →ᵇ H) : M.vector (c • V) = c • M.vector V := by
apply ext_inner_right ℝ; intro v
rw [real_inner_smul_left, M.vector_pair, M.vector_pair]
have he : pairing (c • V) v = c • pairing V v := by ext; simp [real_inner_smul_left]
rw [he, map_smul]; rfl
lemma vector_shift (V : G →ᵇ H) (g : G) : M.vector (shift G g V) = M.vector V := by
apply ext_inner_right ℝ; intro v
rw [M.vector_pair, M.vector_pair]
exact M.invariant g (pairing V v)
lemma vector_map {J : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup J] [InnerProductSpace ℝ J] [CompleteSpace J]
(L : H →L[ℝ] J) (V : G →ᵇ H) :
M.vector (L.compLeftContinuousBounded G V) = L (M.vector V) := by
apply ext_inner_right ℝ; intro v
rw [M.vector_pair, ← L.adjoint_inner_right, M.vector_pair]
congr 1; ext x
exact (L.adjoint_inner_right (V x) v).symm
def squareNorm (V : G →ᵇ H) : G →ᵇ ℝ := normFn V * normFn V
omit [AddCommGroup G] [DiscreteTopology G] [InnerProductSpace ℝ H] [CompleteSpace H] in
@[simp] lemma squareNorm_apply (V : G →ᵇ H) (x : G) : squareNorm V x = ‖V x‖^2 := by
simp [squareNorm, pow_two]
lemma jensen (V : G →ᵇ H) : ‖M.vector V‖^2 ≤ M.map (squareNorm V) := by
let c := M.vector V
have he : squareNorm (V - BoundedContinuousFunction.const G c) =
squareNorm V - (2 : ℝ) • pairing V c + BoundedContinuousFunction.const G (‖c‖^2) := by
ext x
simp only [squareNorm_apply, BoundedContinuousFunction.sub_apply, BoundedContinuousFunction.const_apply,
BoundedContinuousFunction.add_apply, BoundedContinuousFunction.smul_apply, pairing_apply, smul_eq_mul]
rw [norm_sub_sq_real]
have hp := M.positive (squareNorm (V - BoundedContinuousFunction.const G c)) (fun x => by
rw [squareNorm_apply]; positivity)
rw [he, map_add, map_sub, map_smul, M.map_const, ← M.vector_pair] at hp
change 0 ≤ M.map (squareNorm V) - 2 * inner ℝ c c + ‖c‖^2 at hp
rw [real_inner_self_eq_norm_sq] at hp
dsimp [c] at hp
linarith
end Mean
end EuclideanFiveColor.Amenable
namespace EuclideanFiveColor.Amenable.Mean
section
open scoped BoundedContinuousFunction
variable {G : Type*} [AddCommGroup G] [TopologicalSpace G] [DiscreteTopology G]
variable (M : Mean G)
variable {H : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup H] [InnerProductSpace ℝ H] [CompleteSpace H]
def cross (V W : G →ᵇ H) : G →ᵇ ℝ :=
BoundedContinuousFunction.ofNormedAddCommGroup (fun x => inner ℝ (V x) (W x))
(V.continuous.inner W.continuous) (‖V‖ * ‖W‖) (fun x => by
exact (norm_inner_le_norm (𝕜 := ℝ) _ _).trans
(mul_le_mul (V.norm_coe_le_norm x) (W.norm_coe_le_norm x) (norm_nonneg _) (norm_nonneg _)))
omit [AddCommGroup G] [DiscreteTopology G] [CompleteSpace H] in
@[simp] lemma cross_apply (V W : G →ᵇ H) (x : G) : cross V W x = inner ℝ (V x) (W x) := rfl
omit [AddCommGroup G] [DiscreteTopology G] [CompleteSpace H] in
lemma cross_comm (V W : G →ᵇ H) : cross V W = cross W V := by
ext x; exact real_inner_comm _ _
omit [AddCommGroup G] [DiscreteTopology G] [CompleteSpace H] in
lemma squareNorm_add (V W : G →ᵇ H) :
squareNorm (V+W) = squareNorm V + squareNorm W + (2 : ℝ) • cross V W := by
ext x
simp only [squareNorm_apply, BoundedContinuousFunction.add_apply,
BoundedContinuousFunction.smul_apply, cross_apply, smul_eq_mul]
rw [norm_add_sq_real]; ring
omit [InnerProductSpace ℝ H] [CompleteSpace H] in
lemma squareNorm_shift (V : G →ᵇ H) (g : G) :
M.map (squareNorm (shift G g V)) = M.map (squareNorm V) :=
M.invariant g (squareNorm V)
def correlation (V W : G →ᵇ H) : G →ᵇ ℝ :=
BoundedContinuousFunction.ofNormedAddCommGroup
(fun g => M.map (cross (shift G g V) W)) continuous_of_discreteTopology
(‖V‖ * ‖W‖) (fun g => by
rw [Real.norm_eq_abs, ← M.map_const (‖V‖ * ‖W‖)]
apply M.abs_le
intro x
exact (norm_inner_le_norm (𝕜 := ℝ) _ _).trans
(mul_le_mul (V.norm_coe_le_norm (x+g)) (W.norm_coe_le_norm x) (norm_nonneg _) (norm_nonneg _)))
omit [CompleteSpace H] in
@[simp] lemma correlation_apply (V W : G →ᵇ H) (g : G) :
M.correlation V W g = M.map (cross (shift G g V) W) := rfl
omit [CompleteSpace H] in
lemma correlation_add (V W Z : G →ᵇ H) :
M.correlation V (W+Z) = M.correlation V W + M.correlation V Z := by
ext g
simp only [correlation_apply, BoundedContinuousFunction.add_apply]
rw [← map_add]
congr 1; ext x
simp only [cross_apply, BoundedContinuousFunction.add_apply, inner_add_right]
omit [CompleteSpace H] in
lemma correlation_zero (V : G →ᵇ H) : M.correlation V 0 = 0 := by
ext g
change M.map (cross (shift G g V) (0 : G →ᵇ H)) = 0
have he : cross (shift G g V) (0 : G →ᵇ H) = 0 := by ext; simp
rw [he, map_zero]
omit [CompleteSpace H] in
lemma correlation_shift (V W : G →ᵇ H) (g : G) :
M.correlation V (shift G g W) = shift G (-g) (M.correlation V W) := by
ext h
change M.map (cross (shift G h V) (shift G g W)) =
M.map (cross (shift G (h+-g) V) W)
rw [← M.invariant (-g) (cross (shift G h V) (shift G g W))]
congr 1; ext x
simp only [shift_apply, cross_apply]
congr 2 <;> abel
/-- Invariant-mean van der Corput: positivity and finite translates suffice.
There is no exchange of iterated means. -/
theorem vector_eq_zero_of_correlation_nonpos (V : G →ᵇ H)
(hc : M.map (M.correlation V V) ≤ 0) : M.vector V = 0 := by
classical
let C : ℝ := M.map (squareNorm V) + 2
have hC : 0 < C := by
have := M.positive (squareNorm V) (fun x => by rw [squareNorm_apply]; positivity)
dsimp [C]; linarith
have hW (n : ℕ) : ∃ W : G →ᵇ H, M.vector W = (n : ℝ) • M.vector V ∧
M.map (M.correlation V W) ≤ 0 ∧ M.map (squareNorm W) ≤ (n : ℝ)*C := by
induction n with
| zero =>
refine ⟨0, ?_, ?_, ?_⟩
· have he : M.vector (0 : G →ᵇ H) = 0 := by
apply ext_inner_right ℝ; intro v
rw [M.vector_pair, inner_zero_left]
have he : pairing (0 : G →ᵇ H) v = 0 := by ext; simp
rw [he, map_zero]
simpa using he
· simp [M.correlation_zero]
· have he : squareNorm (0 : G →ᵇ H) = 0 := by ext; simp
simp [he]
| succ n ih =>
obtain ⟨W, hv, hwc, hwe⟩ := ih
obtain ⟨g, hg⟩ := M.exists_lt (lt_of_le_of_lt hwc zero_lt_one)
refine ⟨W+shift G g V, ?_, ?_, ?_⟩
· rw [M.vector_add, M.vector_shift, hv]
simp [Nat.cast_add, add_smul]
· rw [M.correlation_add, map_add, M.correlation_shift, M.invariant]
linarith
· rw [squareNorm_add, map_add, map_add, map_smul, M.squareNorm_shift,
cross_comm W _, ← M.correlation_apply V W g]
have hn : ((n+1 : ℕ) : ℝ) = (n : ℝ)+1 := by simp
rw [hn]
dsimp [C] at *
change M.map (squareNorm W) + M.map (squareNorm V) + 2 * M.correlation V W g ≤
((n : ℝ)+1) * (M.map (squareNorm V) + 2)
change M.correlation V W g < 1 at hg
nlinarith
have hn (n : ℕ) (hp : 0 < n) : (n : ℝ) * ‖M.vector V‖^2 ≤ C := by
obtain ⟨W, hw, _, he⟩ := hW n
have hj := (M.jensen W).trans he
rw [hw, norm_smul, Real.norm_natCast] at hj
have hnr : 0 < (n : ℝ) := by exact_mod_cast hp
apply (mul_le_mul_iff_right₀ hnr).mp
nlinarith
by_contra hv
have hnorm : 0 < ‖M.vector V‖^2 := sq_pos_of_pos (norm_pos_iff.mpr hv)
obtain ⟨n, hn'⟩ := exists_nat_gt (max 0 (C / ‖M.vector V‖^2))
have hn0 : 0 < n := by exact_mod_cast (lt_of_le_of_lt (le_max_left _ _) hn')
have hratio := lt_of_le_of_lt (le_max_right _ _) hn'
have hbad := (div_lt_iff₀ hnorm).mp hratio
have hgood := hn n hn0
linarith
end
open scoped BoundedContinuousFunction
variable {G : Type*} [AddCommGroup G] [TopologicalSpace G] [DiscreteTopology G]
variable (M : Mean G)
variable {H : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup H] [InnerProductSpace ℝ H] [CompleteSpace H]
def orbit (U : G → H ≃ₗᵢ[ℝ] H) (v : H) : G →ᵇ H :=
BoundedContinuousFunction.ofNormedAddCommGroup (fun g => U g v)
continuous_of_discreteTopology ‖v‖ (fun g => le_of_eq ((U g).norm_map v))
omit [AddCommGroup G] [CompleteSpace H] in
@[simp] lemma orbit_apply (U : G → H ≃ₗᵢ[ℝ] H) (v : H) (g : G) : orbit U v g = U g v := rfl
lemma vector_orbit_invariant (U : G → H ≃ₗᵢ[ℝ] H)
(hU : ∀ g h v, U (g+h) v = U g (U h v)) (v : H) (g : G) :
U g (M.vector (orbit U v)) = M.vector (orbit U v) := by
change (U g).toLinearIsometry.toContinuousLinearMap (M.vector (orbit U v)) = _
rw [← M.vector_map (U g).toLinearIsometry.toContinuousLinearMap]
have he : (U g).toLinearIsometry.toContinuousLinearMap.compLeftContinuousBounded G (orbit U v) =
shift G g (orbit U v) := by
ext h
change U g (U h v) = U (h+g) v
rw [add_comm h g, hU]
rw [he, M.vector_shift]
lemma vector_orbit_pair_fixed (U : G → H ≃ₗᵢ[ℝ] H) (v w : H)
(hw : ∀ g, U g w = w) : inner ℝ (M.vector (orbit U v)) w = inner ℝ v w := by
rw [M.vector_pair]
have he : pairing (orbit U v) w = BoundedContinuousFunction.const G (inner ℝ v w) := by
ext g
change inner ℝ (U g v) w = inner ℝ v w
calc
inner ℝ (U g v) w = inner ℝ (U g v) (U g w) := by rw [hw g]
_ = inner ℝ v w := (U g).inner_map_map v w
rw [he, M.map_const]
/-- The mean ergodic projection criterion, valid for every positive invariant
mean and without an assumption that the group has a distinguished generator. -/
theorem vector_orbit_eq_zero (U : G → H ≃ₗᵢ[ℝ] H)
(hU : ∀ g h v, U (g+h) v = U g (U h v)) (v : H)
(hv : ∀ w, (∀ g, U g w = w) → inner ℝ v w = 0) :
M.vector (orbit U v) = 0 := by
have hf := M.vector_orbit_invariant U hU v
have hi := M.vector_orbit_pair_fixed U v (M.vector (orbit U v)) hf
rw [hv _ hf] at hi
exact inner_self_eq_zero.mp hi
end EuclideanFiveColor.Amenable.Mean
namespace EuclideanFiveColor.Amenable.Koopman
open MeasureTheory Filter
section Action
variable {G X E : Type*} [AddCommGroup G] [MeasurableSpace X]
[AddAction G X] [MeasurableConstVAdd G X] (μ : Measure X)
[VAddInvariantMeasure G X μ]
[NormedAddCommGroup E] [InnerProductSpace ℝ E]
def linear (g : G) : Lp E 2 μ →ₗᵢ[ℝ] Lp E 2 μ :=
Lp.compMeasurePreservingₗᵢ ℝ (fun x => g +ᵥ x) (measurePreserving_vadd g μ)
lemma linear_add (g h : G) (f : Lp E 2 μ) :
linear μ (g+h) f = linear μ g (linear μ h f) := by
change Lp.compMeasurePreserving (fun x => (g+h) +ᵥ x) _ f =
Lp.compMeasurePreserving (fun x => g +ᵥ x) _
(Lp.compMeasurePreserving (fun x => h +ᵥ x) _ f)
have he : (fun x : X => (g+h) +ᵥ x) =
(fun x => h +ᵥ x) ∘ (fun x => g +ᵥ x) := by
funext x
simp only [Function.comp_apply, ← add_vadd, add_comm]
simpa only [he] using Lp.compMeasurePreserving_comp_apply f
(measurePreserving_vadd h μ) (measurePreserving_vadd g μ)
@[simp] lemma linear_zero (f : Lp E 2 μ) : linear μ (0 : G) f = f := by
change Lp.compMeasurePreserving (fun x => (0 : G) +ᵥ x) _ f = f
have he : (fun x : X => (0 : G) +ᵥ x) = id := funext (fun x => zero_vadd G x)
simpa only [he] using Lp.compMeasurePreserving_id_apply f
def action (g : G) : Lp E 2 μ ≃ₗᵢ[ℝ] Lp E 2 μ :=
LinearIsometryEquiv.ofSurjective (linear μ g) (fun f =>
⟨linear μ (-g) f, by rw [← linear_add, add_neg_cancel, linear_zero]⟩)
@[simp] lemma action_apply (g : G) (f : Lp E 2 μ) : action μ g f = linear μ g f := rfl
lemma action_add (g h : G) (f : Lp E 2 μ) :
action μ (g+h) f = action μ g (action μ h f) := linear_add μ g h f
lemma coe_action (g : G) (f : Lp E 2 μ) :
action μ g f =ᵐ[μ] (fun x => f (g +ᵥ x)) :=
Lp.coeFn_compMeasurePreserving f (measurePreserving_vadd g μ)
end Action
variable {G X E : Type*} [AddCommGroup G] [MeasurableSpace X]
[AddAction G X] [MeasurableConstVAdd G X] (μ : Measure X)
[IsProbabilityMeasure μ] [ErgodicVAdd G X μ]
[NormedAddCommGroup E] [InnerProductSpace ℝ E] [CompleteSpace E]
[MeasurableSpace E] [BorelSpace E] [MeasurableSpace.CountablySeparated E]
omit [IsProbabilityMeasure μ] [CompleteSpace E] in
lemma ae_eq_const_of_fixed (f : Lp E 2 μ)
(hf : ∀ g : G, action μ g f = f) : ∃ c : E, f =ᵐ[μ] fun _ => c := by
apply exists_eventuallyEq_const_of_forall_separating MeasurableSet
intro A hA
have := ErgodicVAdd.aeconst_of_forall_preimage_vadd_ae_eq (G := G)
((Lp.stronglyMeasurable f).measurable hA) (fun g => by
have ha := coe_action μ g f
rw [hf g] at ha
exact ha.symm.mono (fun x hx =>
propext (show f (g +ᵥ x) ∈ A ↔ f x ∈ A by change f (g +ᵥ x) = f x at hx; rw [hx])))
exact eventuallyEmptyOrUniv_iff.mp this
lemma inner_fixed_zero (v : Lp E 2 μ)
(hv : ∫ x, v x ∂μ = 0) (w : Lp E 2 μ) (hw : ∀ g : G, action μ g w = w) :
inner ℝ v w = 0 := by
obtain ⟨c, hc⟩ := ae_eq_const_of_fixed (G := G) μ w hw
rw [L2.inner_def]
calc
(∫ x, inner ℝ (v x) (w x) ∂μ) = ∫ x, inner ℝ c (v x) ∂μ :=
integral_congr_ae (hc.mono (fun x hx => by dsimp only at hx ⊢; rw [hx, real_inner_comm]))
_ = inner ℝ c (∫ x, v x ∂μ) := integral_inner ((Lp.memLp v).integrable (by norm_num)) c
_ = 0 := by rw [hv, inner_zero_right]
variable [TopologicalSpace G] [DiscreteTopology G]
theorem vector_orbit_zero (M : Mean G) (v : Lp E 2 μ)
(hv : ∫ x, v x ∂μ = 0) : M.vector (H := Lp E 2 μ) (Mean.orbit (action (G := G) (E := E) μ) v) = 0 :=
by
apply M.vector_orbit_eq_zero (H := Lp E 2 μ) (action (G := G) (E := E) μ)
(action_add (G := G) (E := E) μ) v
exact inner_fixed_zero (G := G) (E := E) μ v hv
end EuclideanFiveColor.Amenable.Koopman
end
end OAI