import OAI.AlgebraicGeometry.PlaneCurves.AnalyticOrder import OAI.AlgebraicGeometry.PlaneCurves.DividedFamilies import OAI.AlgebraicGeometry.PlaneCurves.LineRestriction namespace OAI /-! # Nested, parametric, and line order along normal graphs -/ section noncomputable section namespace Nagata.Workers.W28 open scoped Topology BigOperators /-- The selected central expression is an actual analytic function near any zero-normal point where the inverse chart is analytic. -/ theorem central_expression_analyticAt (I : Finset ℕ) (j : ℕ → ℕ) (R : ℕ → MvPolynomial (Fin 2) ℂ) (u : ℕ) (κ : ComplexPlane → ComplexPlane) (ξ c : ℂ) (hκ : AnalyticAt ℂ κ (ξ, 0)) : AnalyticAt ℂ (fun q : ComplexPlane => ∑ α ∈ I.filter (fun α => α + j α = u), q.2 ^ j α * planePolynomialEval (R α) (κ (q.1, 0))) (ξ, c) := by have hf := (ContinuousLinearMap.fst ℂ ℂ ℂ).analyticAt (ξ, c) have hw := (ContinuousLinearMap.snd ℂ ℂ ℂ).analyticAt (ξ, c) have harg : AnalyticAt ℂ (fun q : ComplexPlane => (q.1, (0 : ℂ))) (ξ, c) := hf.prod analyticAt_const have hc := hκ.comp (f := fun q : ComplexPlane => (q.1, (0 : ℂ))) harg apply Finset.analyticAt_fun_sum intro α hα have hr : AnalyticAt ℂ (fun q : ComplexPlane => planePolynomialEval (R α) (κ (q.1, 0))) (ξ, c) := AnalyticAt.comp (g := planePolynomialEval (R α)) (f := fun q : ComplexPlane => κ (q.1, 0)) (planePolynomialEval_analyticAt (R α) (κ (ξ, 0))) hc exact (hw.pow (j α)).mul hr /-- The actual central derivative conclusion implies actual analytic order for the graph-restricted polynomial expression, with the local graph equality proved from the normal chart rather than assumed as a representation field. -/ theorem graph_expression_order_of_central_jets (I : Finset ℕ) (j : ℕ → ℕ) (R : ℕ → MvPolynomial (Fin 2) ℂ) (u : ℕ) (G : MvPolynomial (Fin 2) ℂ) (e : OpenPartialHomeomorph ComplexPlane ComplexPlane) (he : (e : ComplexPlane → ComplexPlane) = polynomialNormalCoordinates G) (b : ℂ → ℂ) (ξ c : ℂ) (hb : ContinuousAt b ξ) (hsource : (ξ, b ξ) ∈ e.source) (hG : ∀ᶠ z in 𝓝 ξ, planePolynomialEval G (z, b z) = 0) (hi : AnalyticAt ℂ e.symm (ξ, 0)) (m : ℕ) (hjets : ∀ n < m, iteratedFDeriv ℂ n (fun q : ComplexPlane => ∑ α ∈ I.filter (fun α => α + j α = u), q.2 ^ j α * planePolynomialEval (R α) (e.symm (q.1, 0))) (ξ, c) = 0) : HasAnalyticOrderAtLeast (𝕜 := ℂ) (fun q : ComplexPlane => ∑ α ∈ I.filter (fun α => α + j α = u), q.2 ^ j α * planePolynomialEval (R α) (q.1, b q.1)) (ξ, c) m := by have h := Nagata.Workers.W17.analytic_order_of_iteratedFDeriv_zero (central_expression_analyticAt I j R u e.symm ξ c hi) m hjets exact h.congr (central_expression_eq_graph_locally I j R u G e he b ξ c hb hsource hG) end Nagata.Workers.W28 end end section noncomputable section namespace Nagata.Workers.W28 open scoped Topology BigOperators /-- The actual normal polynomial with univariate graph-restricted coefficients. -/ def selectedGraphPolynomial (I : Finset ℕ) (j : ℕ → ℕ) (B : ℕ → Polynomial ℂ) (u : ℕ) : Polynomial (Polynomial ℂ) := ∑ α ∈ I.filter (fun α => α + j α = u), Polynomial.monomial (j α) (B α) theorem eval_selectedGraphPolynomial (I : Finset ℕ) (j : ℕ → ℕ) (B : ℕ → Polynomial ℂ) (u : ℕ) (q : ComplexPlane) : ((selectedGraphPolynomial I j B u).eval (Polynomial.C q.2)).eval q.1 = ∑ α ∈ I.filter (fun α => α + j α = u), q.2 ^ j α * (B α).eval q.1 := by simp [selectedGraphPolynomial, Polynomial.eval_finsetSum, mul_comm] /-- The genuine local graph analytic order gives ordinary ideal-power multiplicity for its actual finite normal polynomial, via exact coefficient evaluation. -/ theorem selectedGraphPolynomial_order_of_graph_order (I : Finset ℕ) (j : ℕ → ℕ) (R : ℕ → MvPolynomial (Fin 2) ℂ) (B : ℕ → Polynomial ℂ) (u : ℕ) (b : ℂ → ℂ) (ξ c : ℂ) (m : ℕ) (hR : ∀ α ∈ I.filter (fun α => α + j α = u), ∀ z : ℂ, planePolynomialEval (R α) (z, b z) = (B α).eval z) (horder : HasAnalyticOrderAtLeast (𝕜 := ℂ) (fun q : ComplexPlane => ∑ α ∈ I.filter (fun α => α + j α = u), q.2 ^ j α * planePolynomialEval (R α) (q.1, b q.1)) (ξ, c) m) : selectedGraphPolynomial I j B u ∈ (Nagata.W18.nestedPointIdeal ξ c) ^ m := by apply Nagata.W18.nested_polynomial_ideal_order_of_analytic_order _ ξ c m apply horder.congr exact Filter.Eventually.of_forall fun q => by dsimp only rw [eval_selectedGraphPolynomial] apply Finset.sum_congr rfl intro α hα rw [hR α hα q.1] /-- Coefficientwise restriction of the actual selected plane normal polynomial is literally the graph normal polynomial used above. -/ theorem map_selected_monomial_sum {A : Type*} [CommRing A] (φ : A →+* Polynomial ℂ) (I : Finset ℕ) (j : ℕ → ℕ) (T : ℕ → A) (u : ℕ) : Polynomial.map φ (∑ α ∈ I.filter (fun α => α + j α = u), Polynomial.monomial (j α) (T α)) = selectedGraphPolynomial I j (fun α => φ (T α)) u := by simp [selectedGraphPolynomial, Polynomial.map_sum] end Nagata.Workers.W28 end end section noncomputable section namespace Nagata.Workers.W28 open scoped Topology BigOperators /-- An actual curve parametrization on G=0 agrees locally with the zero-normal slice of the normal chart. No inverse for the tangential parametrization is used. -/ theorem inverse_normal_chart_eq_parametric_curve (G : MvPolynomial (Fin 2) ℂ) (e : OpenPartialHomeomorph ComplexPlane ComplexPlane) (he : (e : ComplexPlane → ComplexPlane) = polynomialNormalCoordinates G) (p : ℂ → ComplexPlane) (z₀ : ℂ) (hp : ContinuousAt p z₀) (hsource : p z₀ ∈ e.source) (hG : ∀ᶠ z in 𝓝 z₀, planePolynomialEval G (p z) = 0) : ∀ᶠ z in 𝓝 z₀, e.symm ((p z).1, 0) = p z := by have hs : ∀ᶠ z in 𝓝 z₀, p z ∈ e.source := hp.preimage_mem_nhds (e.open_source.mem_nhds hsource) filter_upwards [hs, hG] with z hz hg have hh := e.left_inv hz simpa only [he, polynomialNormalCoordinates, hg] using hh /-- Actual reparametrization and homogeneous normal-fiber rescaling. -/ def curveNormalParameter (p : ℂ → ComplexPlane) (a : ℂ → ℂ) (k : ℕ) (q : ComplexPlane) : ComplexPlane := ((p q.1).1, q.2 / a q.1 ^ k) theorem curveNormalParameter_analyticAt (p : ℂ → ComplexPlane) (a : ℂ → ℂ) (k : ℕ) (z₀ w₀ : ℂ) (hp : AnalyticAt ℂ p z₀) (ha : AnalyticAt ℂ a z₀) (ha0 : a z₀ ≠ 0) : AnalyticAt ℂ (curveNormalParameter p a k) (z₀, w₀) := by have hf := (ContinuousLinearMap.fst ℂ ℂ ℂ).analyticAt (z₀, w₀) have hw := (ContinuousLinearMap.snd ℂ ℂ ℂ).analyticAt (z₀, w₀) have hpc := hp.comp (f := Prod.fst) hf have ht := ((ContinuousLinearMap.fst ℂ ℂ ℂ).analyticAt (p z₀)).comp (f := fun q : ComplexPlane => p q.1) hpc have hac := ha.comp (f := Prod.fst) hf exact ht.prod (hw.div (hac.pow k) (pow_ne_zero k ha0)) /-- Actual central normal order pulls back along an analytic curve and is preserved by multiplication with the actual homogeneous frame factor a(z)^d. -/ theorem parametric_frame_order_of_central_order (I : Finset ℕ) (j : ℕ → ℕ) (R : ℕ → MvPolynomial (Fin 2) ℂ) (G : MvPolynomial (Fin 2) ℂ) (e : OpenPartialHomeomorph ComplexPlane ComplexPlane) (he : (e : ComplexPlane → ComplexPlane) = polynomialNormalCoordinates G) (p : ℂ → ComplexPlane) (a : ℂ → ℂ) (d k : ℕ) (z₀ w₀ : ℂ) (hp : AnalyticAt ℂ p z₀) (ha : AnalyticAt ℂ a z₀) (ha0 : a z₀ ≠ 0) (hsource : p z₀ ∈ e.source) (hG : ∀ᶠ z in 𝓝 z₀, planePolynomialEval G (p z) = 0) (m : ℕ) (horder : HasAnalyticOrderAtLeast (𝕜 := ℂ) (fun q : ComplexPlane => ∑ α ∈ I, q.2 ^ j α * planePolynomialEval (R α) (e.symm (q.1, 0))) ((p z₀).1, w₀ / a z₀ ^ k) m) : HasAnalyticOrderAtLeast (𝕜 := ℂ) (fun q : ComplexPlane => a q.1 ^ d * ∑ α ∈ I, (q.2 / a q.1 ^ k) ^ j α * planePolynomialEval (R α) (p q.1)) (z₀, w₀) m := by have hc := horder.comp (f := curveNormalParameter p a k) (curveNormalParameter_analyticAt p a k z₀ w₀ hp ha ha0) have hg := inverse_normal_chart_eq_parametric_curve G e he p z₀ hp.continuousAt hsource hG have hf := (ContinuousLinearMap.fst ℂ ℂ ℂ).analyticAt (z₀, w₀) have hge := hf.continuousAt.tendsto.eventually hg have hlocal : HasAnalyticOrderAtLeast (𝕜 := ℂ) (fun q : ComplexPlane => ∑ α ∈ I, (q.2 / a q.1 ^ k) ^ j α * planePolynomialEval (R α) (p q.1)) (z₀, w₀) m := by apply hc.congr exact hge.mono fun q hq => by change e.symm ((p q.1).1, 0) = p q.1 at hq simp only [Function.comp_apply, curveNormalParameter, hq] exact Nagata.VariableUnitOrder.analytic_order_mul_left ((ha.comp (f := Prod.fst) hf).pow d) hlocal end Nagata.Workers.W28 end end section noncomputable section namespace Nagata.Workers.W28 open scoped Topology BigOperators /-- The actual selected homogeneous normal polynomial, restricted to a line, has ordinary surface multiplicity forced by the local normal specialization. All coefficient/frame identifications use the actual Z=1 chart homomorphism and actual homogeneous line-restriction homomorphism. -/ theorem line_restricted_initial_order (I : Finset ℕ) (j : ℕ → ℕ) (T : ℕ → MvPolynomial (Fin 3) ℂ) (u : ℕ) (G : MvPolynomial (Fin 3) ℂ) (i ξ c : ℂ) (hline : Nagata.W04.ReducibleSquare.lineRestriction i G = 0) (e : OpenPartialHomeomorph ComplexPlane ComplexPlane) (he : (e : ComplexPlane → ComplexPlane) = polynomialNormalCoordinates (Nagata.W27.directChartHom (2 : Fin 3) G)) (hsource : (ξ, i ^ 2 - i * ξ) ∈ e.source) (hi : AnalyticAt ℂ e.symm (ξ, 0)) (m : ℕ) (hjets : ∀ n < m, iteratedFDeriv ℂ n (fun q : ComplexPlane => ∑ α ∈ I.filter (fun α => α + j α = u), q.2 ^ j α * planePolynomialEval (Nagata.W27.directChartHom (2 : Fin 3) (T α)) (e.symm (q.1, 0))) (ξ, c) = 0) : Polynomial.map (Nagata.W04.ReducibleSquare.lineRestriction i) (∑ α ∈ I.filter (fun α => α + j α = u), Polynomial.monomial (j α) (T α)) ∈ (Nagata.W18.nestedPointIdeal ξ c) ^ m := by let R : ℕ → MvPolynomial (Fin 2) ℂ := fun α => Nagata.W27.directChartHom (2 : Fin 3) (T α) let b : ℂ → ℂ := fun z => i ^ 2 - i * z have hb : ContinuousAt b ξ := (continuous_const.sub (continuous_const.mul continuous_id)).continuousAt have hg : ∀ᶠ z in 𝓝 ξ, planePolynomialEval (Nagata.W27.directChartHom (2 : Fin 3) G) (z, b z) = 0 := by exact Filter.Eventually.of_forall fun z => by change planePolynomialEval (Nagata.W27.directChartHom (2 : Fin 3) G) (z, i ^ 2 - i * z) = 0 rw [Nagata.Workers.W24.planePolynomialEval_directChart_on_line, hline] simp have horder := graph_expression_order_of_central_jets I j R u (Nagata.W27.directChartHom (2 : Fin 3) G) e he b ξ c hb hsource hg hi m hjets rw [map_selected_monomial_sum] apply selectedGraphPolynomial_order_of_graph_order I j R (fun α => Nagata.W04.ReducibleSquare.lineRestriction i (T α)) u b ξ c m _ horder intro α hα z exact Nagata.Workers.W24.planePolynomialEval_directChart_on_line (T α) i z end Nagata.Workers.W28 end end end OAI