import Mathlib import OAI.AlgebraicGeometry.Seshadri.Geometry.SmoothAffineRefinement import OAI.AlgebraicGeometry.Seshadri.Projective.ProjectiveCoordinates namespace OAI section noncomputable section namespace MaximalSeshadri.ProjectiveBertini noncomputable section open AlgebraicGeometry CategoryTheory TopologicalSpace KaehlerDifferential open MaximalSeshadri.Projective MaximalSeshadri.AlgebraicJets attribute [local instance] MvPolynomial.gradedAlgebra variable {K : Type} [Field K] {X : Scheme} {σ : Type} structure EtaleProjectiveChart (g : X ⟶ Spec (CommRingCat.of K)) (h : X ⟶ Proj (PolyGrade K σ)) where U : X.affineOpens coord : σ nonempty : Nonempty U.1 φ : PolyChart (R := K) coord →+* Γ(X, U.1) factor : Spec.map (CommRingCat.ofHom φ) ≫ Proj.awayι (PolyGrade K σ) (MvPolynomial.X coord) (poly_X_mem coord) (by decide) = U.2.fromSpec ≫ h κ : Type finite : Finite κ a : κ → ChartVariables coord card : Nat.card κ = 2 etale : (MvPolynomial.eval₂Hom (openScalars g U.1) (fun k => -φ (chartCoordinate coord (a k).1))).Etale lemma restrict_projective_factor (h : X ⟶ Proj (PolyGrade K σ)) (U V : X.affineOpens) (e : U.1 ≤ V.1) (i : σ) (φ : PolyChart (R := K) i →+* Γ(X, V.1)) (hφ : Spec.map (CommRingCat.ofHom φ) ≫ Proj.awayι (PolyGrade K σ) (MvPolynomial.X i) (poly_X_mem i) (by decide) = V.2.fromSpec ≫ h) : Spec.map (CommRingCat.ofHom ((X.presheaf.map (homOfLE e).op).hom.comp φ)) ≫ Proj.awayι (PolyGrade K σ) (MvPolynomial.X i) (poly_X_mem i) (by decide) = U.2.fromSpec ≫ h := by rw [CommRingCat.ofHom_comp, Spec.map_comp, Category.assoc, hφ, ← Category.assoc, CommRingCat.ofHom_hom, V.2.map_fromSpec U.2] lemma etale_aeval_equiv {A B ι : Type} [CommRing A] [CommRing B] [Algebra K A] [Algebra K B] (e : A ≃ₐ[K] B) (v : ι → A) (hv : (MvPolynomial.aeval (R := K) v).toRingHom.Etale) : (MvPolynomial.aeval (R := K) (fun i => e (v i))).toRingHom.Etale := by have hh := RingHom.Etale.respectsIso.1 _ e.toRingEquiv hv change (e.toAlgHom.comp (MvPolynomial.aeval (R := K) v)).toRingHom.Etale at hh rw [MvPolynomial.comp_aeval] at hh exact hh theorem exists_etale_projective_chart [IsIntegral X] (g : X ⟶ Spec (CommRingCat.of K)) [SmoothOfRelativeDimension 2 g] (h : X ⟶ Proj (PolyGrade K σ)) [IsClosedImmersion h] (hbase : h ≫ projectiveToSpec = g) (i : σ) (W : X.Opens) (x : X) (hxW : x ∈ W) (hxi : h x ∈ Proj.basicOpen (PolyGrade K σ) (MvPolynomial.X i)) : ∃ C : EtaleProjectiveChart g h, x ∈ C.U.1 ∧ C.U.1 ≤ W ∧ C.coord = i := by classical obtain ⟨V, φ, hV, hsurj, hφ⟩ := closed_projective_affine_surjective h i have hxV : x ∈ V.1 := by rwa [hV] obtain ⟨U, hxU, hUW, hstd⟩ := exists_standard_smooth_affine_inside g 2 (W ⊓ V.1) x ⟨hxW, hxV⟩ have e : U.1 ≤ V.1 := hUW.trans inf_le_right let : Nonempty V.1 := ⟨⟨x, hxV⟩⟩ let : Nonempty U.1 := ⟨⟨x, hxU⟩⟩ let : Algebra K Γ(X, V.1) := (openScalars g V.1).toAlgebra let : Algebra K Γ(X, U.1) := (openScalars g U.1).toAlgebra let r : Γ(X, V.1) →+* Γ(X, U.1) := (X.presheaf.map (homOfLE e).op).hom let : Algebra Γ(X, V.1) Γ(X, U.1) := r.toAlgebra let : IsScalarTower K Γ(X, V.1) Γ(X, U.1) := IsScalarTower.of_algebraMap_eq' (openScalars_restrict g e).symm let : Algebra.Etale Γ(X, V.1) Γ(X, U.1) := affine_restriction_etale U V e have hconst := projective_affine_constants h g hbase V (spec_openScalars g V) i φ hφ have hspan := differentials_span_projective_chart i φ hsurj hconst have hs := differentials_span_of_formallyEtale (T := Γ(X, U.1)) (fun j : ChartVariables i => -φ (chartCoordinate i j.1)) hspan let φU := r.comp φ let : Algebra.IsStandardSmoothOfRelativeDimension 2 K Γ(X, U.1) := hstd let p : PrimeSpectrum Γ(X, U.1) := U.2.isoSpec.hom ⟨x, hxU⟩ obtain ⟨f, hfp, κ, hκ, a, hcard, het⟩ := exists_local_etale_from_spanning 2 (fun j : ChartVariables i => -φU (chartCoordinate i j.1)) (by simpa only [φU, RingHom.comp_apply, map_neg, RingHom.algebraMap_toAlgebra] using hs) p.asIdeal let T : X.affineOpens := ⟨X.basicOpen f, U.2.basicOpen f⟩ have hxf : x ∈ T.1 := by have hp : U.2.fromSpec p = x := by change (U.2.isoSpec.hom ≫ U.2.fromSpec) ⟨x, hxU⟩ = x rw [U.2.isoSpec_hom_fromSpec] rfl have hm : p ∈ PrimeSpectrum.basicOpen f := hfp rw [← U.2.fromSpec_preimage_basicOpen f] at hm change U.2.fromSpec p ∈ X.basicOpen f at hm rwa [hp] at hm let r' : Γ(X, U.1) →+* Γ(X, T.1) := (X.presheaf.map (homOfLE (X.basicOpen_le f)).op).hom let : Algebra K Γ(X, T.1) := (openScalars g T.1).toAlgebra let : IsScalarTower K Γ(X, U.1) Γ(X, T.1) := IsScalarTower.of_algebraMap_eq' (openScalars_restrict g (X.basicOpen_le f)).symm let : IsLocalization.Away f Γ(X, T.1) := U.2.isLocalization_basicOpen f let ρ := (IsLocalization.algEquiv (Submonoid.powers f) (Localization.Away f) Γ(X, T.1)).restrictScalars K have het' := etale_aeval_equiv ρ _ het let φT := r'.comp φU have hφU := restrict_projective_factor h U V e i φ hφ refine ⟨{ U := T coord := i nonempty := ⟨⟨x, hxf⟩⟩ φ := φT factor := restrict_projective_factor h T U (X.basicOpen_le f) i φU hφU κ := κ finite := hκ a := a card := hcard etale := ?_ }, hxf, (X.basicOpen_le f).trans (hUW.trans inf_le_left), rfl⟩ convert het' using 1 apply MvPolynomial.ringHom_ext · intro c change MvPolynomial.eval₂Hom _ _ (MvPolynomial.C c) = MvPolynomial.aeval _ (MvPolynomial.C c) rw [MvPolynomial.eval₂Hom_C, MvPolynomial.aeval_C] rfl · intro k change MvPolynomial.eval₂Hom _ _ (MvPolynomial.X k) = MvPolynomial.aeval _ (MvPolynomial.X k) rw [MvPolynomial.eval₂Hom_X', MvPolynomial.aeval_X] change -r' (φU (chartCoordinate i (a k).1)) = ρ (algebraMap Γ(X, U.1) (Localization.Away f) (-φU (chartCoordinate i (a k).1))) rw [← map_neg] exact ((IsLocalization.algEquiv (Submonoid.powers f) (Localization.Away f) Γ(X, T.1)).commutes (-φU (chartCoordinate i (a k).1))).symm end end MaximalSeshadri.ProjectiveBertini end end end OAI