import OAI.Analysis.CharacterCriterion.Definitions import OAI.Analysis.CharacterCriterion.Absorption namespace OAI noncomputable section open scoped TensorProduct open scoped InnerProductSpace open scoped BigOperators open Set Module open Topology open NormedSpace open scoped ComplexOrder open scoped ComplexOrder open scoped InnerProductSpace open scoped InnerProductSpace open NormedSpace open scoped TensorProduct InnerProductSpace open UniformSpace variable [KirchbergRordam.GenericRW.Size] local notation "rankNum" => KirchbergRordam.GenericRW.Size.n variable [KirchbergRordam.GenericRW.PauliData] omit [KirchbergRordam.GenericRW.Size] [KirchbergRordam.GenericRW.PauliData] open Filter Topology BoundedContinuousFunction open Filter Topology open Topology open scoped TensorProduct CStarAlgebra open scoped CStarAlgebra ComplexOrder open NormedSpace open scoped ComplexOrder open scoped ComplexOrder open scoped InnerProductSpace section open scoped CStarAlgebra ComplexOrder open scoped TensorProduct InnerProductSpace open UniformSpace namespace KirchbergRordam.Spatial variable {H K : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup H] [InnerProductSpace ℂ H] [NormedAddCommGroup K] [InnerProductSpace ℂ K] @[simp] lemma map_coe (T : H →L[ℂ] H) (S : K →L[ℂ] K) (x : H ⊗[ℂ] K) : map T S (x : Hilbert H K) = (TensorProduct.mapL T S x : H ⊗[ℂ] K) := by simp [map] @[ext] lemma ext {T S : Hilbert H K →L[ℂ] Hilbert H K} (h : ∀ x : H ⊗[ℂ] K, T x = S x) : T = S := by apply ContinuousLinearMap.ext intro x induction x using Completion.induction_on with | hp => exact isClosed_eq T.continuous S.continuous | ih x => exact h x lemma map_add_left (T U : H →L[ℂ] H) (S : K →L[ℂ] K) : map (T + U) S = map T S + map U S := by apply ext intro x simp [TensorProduct.mapL_add_left, ← Completion.coe_add] lemma map_add_right (T : H →L[ℂ] H) (S U : K →L[ℂ] K) : map T (S + U) = map T S + map T U := by apply ext intro x simp [TensorProduct.mapL_add_right, ← Completion.coe_add] lemma map_smul_left (z : ℂ) (T : H →L[ℂ] H) (S : K →L[ℂ] K) : map (z • T) S = z • map T S := by apply ext intro x simp [TensorProduct.mapL_smul_left, ← Completion.coe_smul] lemma map_smul_right (z : ℂ) (T : H →L[ℂ] H) (S : K →L[ℂ] K) : map T (z • S) = z • map T S := by apply ext intro x simp [TensorProduct.mapL_smul_right, ← Completion.coe_smul] lemma map_mul (T U : H →L[ℂ] H) (S V : K →L[ℂ] K) : map (T * U) (S * V) = map T S * map U V := by apply ext intro x simp only [mul_apply_eq_comp, map_coe, TensorProduct.mapL_mul] @[simp] lemma map_one : map (1 : H →L[ℂ] H) (1 : K →L[ℂ] K) = 1 := by apply ext intro x simp [show (1 : H →L[ℂ] H) = ContinuousLinearMap.id ℂ H from rfl, show (1 : K →L[ℂ] K) = ContinuousLinearMap.id ℂ K from rfl] variable [CompleteSpace H] [CompleteSpace K] lemma map_inner_algebraic (T : H →L[ℂ] H) (S : K →L[ℂ] K) (x y : H ⊗[ℂ] K) : ⟪TensorProduct.mapL (star T) (star S) x, y⟫_ℂ = ⟪x, TensorProduct.mapL T S y⟫_ℂ := by induction x using TensorProduct.inductionOn with | add x z hx hz => simp only [map_add, inner_add_left, hx, hz] | tmul a b => induction y using TensorProduct.inductionOn with | add y z hy hz => simp only [map_add, inner_add_right, hy, hz] | tmul c d => simp only [TensorProduct.mapL_tmul, TensorProduct.inner_tmul, ContinuousLinearMap.star_eq_adjoint, ContinuousLinearMap.adjoint_inner_left] lemma map_inner (T : H →L[ℂ] H) (S : K →L[ℂ] K) (x y : Hilbert H K) : ⟪map (star T) (star S) x, y⟫_ℂ = ⟪x, map T S y⟫_ℂ := by induction x, y using Completion.induction_on₂ with | hp => exact isClosed_eq (by fun_prop) (by fun_prop) | ih x y => simpa using map_inner_algebraic T S x y lemma map_star (T : H →L[ℂ] H) (S : K →L[ℂ] K) : map (star T) (star S) = star (map T S) := by apply ContinuousLinearMap.ext intro x apply ext_inner_right ℂ intro y rw [map_inner, ContinuousLinearMap.star_eq_adjoint, ContinuousLinearMap.adjoint_inner_left] lemma left_right_commute (T : H →L[ℂ] H) (S : K →L[ℂ] K) : Commute (left (K := K) T) (right (H := H) S) := by change map T 1 * map 1 S = map 1 S * map T 1 rw [← map_mul, ← map_mul] simp end KirchbergRordam.Spatial end namespace KirchbergRordam.MinTensor open scoped TensorProduct universe u variable (A B : Type u) [CStarAlgebra A] [CStarAlgebra B] attribute [instance] RepresentationPair.normH RepresentationPair.innerH RepresentationPair.completeH RepresentationPair.normK RepresentationPair.innerK RepresentationPair.completeK variable {A B} lemma RepresentationPair.commute (ρ : RepresentationPair A B) (a : A) (b : B) : Commute (ρ.left a) (ρ.right b) := Spatial.left_right_commute _ _ end KirchbergRordam.MinTensor namespace KirchbergRordam.MinTensor open scoped TensorProduct universe u variable {A B : Type u} [CStarAlgebra A] [CStarAlgebra B] local instance : Ring (A ⊗[ℂ] B) := _root_.Algebra.TensorProduct.instRing (R := ℂ) (A := A) (B := B) lemma bounded : BddAbove (Set.range (fun ρ : Option (RepresentationPair A B) => (spatialIndex ρ).toSeminorm)) := by rw [Seminorm.bddAbove_range_iff] intro x obtain ⟨C,hC⟩ := MaxTensor.bounded_at x exact ⟨C,by rintro _ ⟨ρ,rfl⟩; exact hC _⟩ lemma seminorm_apply (x : A ⊗[ℂ] B) : seminorm x=⨆ ρ : Option (RepresentationPair A B), (spatialIndex ρ).toSeminorm x := Seminorm.iSup_apply bounded lemma le_seminorm (ρ : Option (RepresentationPair A B)) (x : A ⊗[ℂ] B) : (spatialIndex ρ).toSeminorm x ≤ seminorm x := by rw [seminorm_apply] apply le_ciSup _ ρ obtain ⟨C,hC⟩ := MaxTensor.bounded_at x exact ⟨C,by rintro _ ⟨ρ,rfl⟩; exact hC _⟩ lemma seminorm_le {x : A ⊗[ℂ] B} {C : ℝ} (h : ∀ ρ : Option (RepresentationPair A B), (spatialIndex ρ).toSeminorm x ≤ C) : seminorm x ≤ C := by rw [seminorm_apply] exact ciSup_le h lemma seminorm_mul_le (x y : A ⊗[ℂ] B) : @LE.le ℝ Real.instLE (seminorm (@Mul.mul (A ⊗[ℂ] B) (_root_.Algebra.TensorProduct.instRing (R := ℂ) (A := A) (B := B)).toMul x y)) (@Mul.mul ℝ Real.instMul (seminorm x) (seminorm y)) := by apply seminorm_le intro ρ exact ((spatialIndex ρ).mul_le x y).trans (mul_le_mul (le_seminorm ρ x) (le_seminorm ρ y) (apply_nonneg _ _) (apply_nonneg _ _)) lemma seminorm_star (x : A ⊗[ℂ] B) : seminorm (star x)=seminorm x := by rw [seminorm_apply,seminorm_apply] congr 1 funext ρ exact (spatialIndex ρ).star_eq x lemma seminorm_cstar (x : A ⊗[ℂ] B) : seminorm (star x*x)=seminorm x * seminorm x := by apply le_antisymm · calc seminorm (star x * x) ≤ seminorm (star x) * seminorm x := seminorm_mul_le (star x) x _ = seminorm x * seminorm x := by rw [seminorm_star] · have h : seminorm x ≤ Real.sqrt (seminorm (star x*x)) := by apply seminorm_le intro ρ apply (Real.le_sqrt (apply_nonneg _ _) (apply_nonneg _ _)).mpr simpa only [← (spatialIndex ρ).cstar_eq x,pow_two] using le_seminorm ρ (star x*x) have := mul_self_le_mul_self (apply_nonneg seminorm x) h rwa [Real.mul_self_sqrt (apply_nonneg seminorm _)] at this lemma seminorm_tmul_le (a : A) (b : B) : seminorm (a ⊗ₜ[ℂ] b) ≤ ‖a‖ * ‖b‖ := seminorm_le fun ρ => (spatialIndex ρ).tmul_le a b lemma seminorm_le_maximal : (seminorm : Seminorm ℂ (A ⊗[ℂ] B)) ≤ MaxTensor.seminorm := fun x => seminorm_le fun ρ => MaxTensor.le_seminorm (spatialIndex ρ) x theorem exists_spatial_crossSeminorm (A B : Type u) [CStarAlgebra A] [CStarAlgebra B] : ∃ p : MaxTensor.CrossSeminorm A B, p.toSeminorm=seminorm ∧ p.toSeminorm ≤ MaxTensor.seminorm := by exact ⟨{toSeminorm := seminorm mul_le := seminorm_mul_le star_eq := seminorm_star cstar_eq := seminorm_cstar tmul_le := seminorm_tmul_le},rfl,seminorm_le_maximal⟩ end KirchbergRordam.MinTensor namespace KirchbergRordam.MinTensor open scoped TensorProduct CStarAlgebra universe u variable (A B : Type u) [CStarAlgebra A] [CStarAlgebra B] variable {A B} instance : StarModule ℂ (Raw A B) := TensorProduct.instStarModule def rawEquiv : (A ⊗[ℂ] B) ≃⋆ₐ[ℂ] Raw A B := StarAlgEquiv.refl ℂ (A ⊗[ℂ] B) instance : NormedAlgebra ℂ (Raw A B) where norm_smul_le z x := (map_smul_eq_mul seminorm z x).le instance : NormedStarGroup (Raw A B) where norm_star_le x := (seminorm_star x).le @[simp] lemma norm_raw (x : Raw A B) : ‖x‖ = seminorm x := rfl instance : CStarRing (Algebra A B) where norm_mul_self_le x := by induction x using UniformSpace.Completion.induction_on with | hp => exact isClosed_le (by fun_prop) (by fun_prop) | ih x => simp only [StarCompletion.star_coe, ← UniformSpace.Completion.coe_mul, UniformSpace.Completion.norm_coe, norm_raw] exact (seminorm_cstar x).ge instance : CStarAlgebra (Algebra A B) where def of : Raw A B →⋆ₐ[ℂ] Algebra A B where __ := UniformSpace.Completion.coeRingHom commutes' _ := rfl map_star' x := (StarCompletion.star_coe _ x).symm @[simp] lemma norm_of (x : Raw A B) : ‖of x‖ = seminorm x := UniformSpace.Completion.norm_coe x lemma denseRange_of : DenseRange (of (A := A) (B := B)) := UniformSpace.Completion.denseRange_coe def includeLeft : A →⋆ₐ[ℂ] Algebra A B := of.comp (rawEquiv.toStarAlgHom.comp { toAlgHom := _root_.Algebra.TensorProduct.includeLeft map_star' a := by simp }) def includeRight : B →⋆ₐ[ℂ] Algebra A B := of.comp (rawEquiv.toStarAlgHom.comp { toAlgHom := _root_.Algebra.TensorProduct.includeRight map_star' b := by simp }) lemma legs_commute (a : A) (b : B) : Commute (includeLeft (B := B) a) (includeRight (A := A) b) := by change of (rawEquiv (a ⊗ₜ[ℂ] (1 : B))) * of (rawEquiv ((1 : A) ⊗ₜ[ℂ] b)) = of (rawEquiv ((1 : A) ⊗ₜ[ℂ] b)) * of (rawEquiv (a ⊗ₜ[ℂ] (1 : B))) rw [← map_mul, ← map_mul, ← map_mul, ← map_mul] congr 2 simp only [_root_.Algebra.TensorProduct.tmul_mul_tmul, mul_one, one_mul] def spatialRaw (ρ : RepresentationPair A B) : Raw A B →⋆ₐ[ℂ] (Spatial.Hilbert ρ.H ρ.K →L[ℂ] Spatial.Hilbert ρ.H ρ.K) := (MaxTensor.liftRaw (A := A) (B := B) (C := (Spatial.Hilbert ρ.H ρ.K →L[ℂ] Spatial.Hilbert ρ.H ρ.K)) ρ.left ρ.right ρ.commute).comp rawEquiv.symm.toStarAlgHom lemma norm_spatialRaw_le (ρ : RepresentationPair A B) (x : Raw A B) : ‖spatialRaw ρ x‖ ≤ ‖x‖ := le_seminorm (some ρ) x lemma lipschitz_spatialRaw (ρ : RepresentationPair A B) : LipschitzWith 1 (spatialRaw ρ) := by apply LipschitzWith.of_dist_le_mul intro x y simp only [NNReal.coe_one, one_mul, dist_eq_norm, ← map_sub] exact norm_spatialRaw_le ρ (x-y) lemma continuous_spatialRaw (ρ : RepresentationPair A B) : Continuous (spatialRaw ρ) := (lipschitz_spatialRaw ρ).continuous private def extendHom {C : Type*} [NormedRing C] [NormedAlgebra ℂ C] [StarRing C] [NormedStarGroup C] [CompleteSpace C] (f : Raw A B →⋆ₐ[ℂ] C) (hf : Continuous f) : Algebra A B →⋆ₐ[ℂ] C where __ := UniformSpace.Completion.extensionHom f.toRingHom hf commutes' z := by change UniformSpace.Completion.extensionHom f.toRingHom hf (algebraMap ℂ (Raw A B) z) = _ rw [UniformSpace.Completion.extensionHom_coe] exact f.commutes z map_star' x := by induction x using UniformSpace.Completion.induction_on with | hp => exact isClosed_eq (UniformSpace.Completion.continuous_extension.comp continuous_star) (continuous_star.comp UniformSpace.Completion.continuous_extension) | ih x => change UniformSpace.Completion.extensionHom f.toRingHom hf (star (x : Algebra A B)) = star (UniformSpace.Completion.extensionHom f.toRingHom hf (x : Algebra A B)) simp only [StarCompletion.star_coe, UniformSpace.Completion.extensionHom_coe] exact map_star f x private lemma extendHom_of {C : Type*} [NormedRing C] [NormedAlgebra ℂ C] [StarRing C] [NormedStarGroup C] [CompleteSpace C] (f : Raw A B →⋆ₐ[ℂ] C) (hf : Continuous f) (x : Raw A B) : extendHom f hf (of x) = f x := UniformSpace.Completion.extensionHom_coe _ hf x def spatialLift (ρ : RepresentationPair A B) : Algebra A B →⋆ₐ[ℂ] (Spatial.Hilbert ρ.H ρ.K →L[ℂ] Spatial.Hilbert ρ.H ρ.K) := extendHom (A := A) (B := B) (C := Spatial.Hilbert ρ.H ρ.K →L[ℂ] Spatial.Hilbert ρ.H ρ.K) (spatialRaw ρ) (continuous_spatialRaw ρ) def fromMaximal : MaxTensor.Algebra A B →⋆ₐ[ℂ] Algebra A B := MaxTensor.lift includeLeft includeRight legs_commute @[simp] lemma fromMaximal_of (x : A ⊗[ℂ] B) : fromMaximal (MaxTensor.of (MaxTensor.rawEquiv x)) = of (rawEquiv (A := A) (B := B) x) := by induction x using TensorProduct.inductionOn with | add x y hx hy => simpa only [map_add] using congrArg₂ (· + ·) hx hy | tmul a b => change MaxTensor.lift includeLeft includeRight legs_commute (MaxTensor.of (a ⊗ₜ[ℂ] b)) = _ rw [MaxTensor.lift_of_tmul] change of (rawEquiv (a ⊗ₜ[ℂ] (1 : B))) * of (rawEquiv ((1 : A) ⊗ₜ[ℂ] b)) = of (rawEquiv (a ⊗ₜ[ℂ] b)) rw [← map_mul, ← map_mul] congr 2 simp only [_root_.Algebra.TensorProduct.tmul_mul_tmul,mul_one,one_mul] lemma fromMaximal_denseRange : DenseRange (fromMaximal (A := A) (B := B)) := denseRange_of.mono (by rintro _ ⟨x, rfl⟩ exact ⟨MaxTensor.of (MaxTensor.rawEquiv (rawEquiv.symm x)), by simp⟩) end KirchbergRordam.MinTensor namespace KirchbergRordam namespace Spatial open scoped TensorProduct variable {H K : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup H] [InnerProductSpace ℂ H] [NormedAddCommGroup K] [InnerProductSpace ℂ K] [Nontrivial H] [Nontrivial K] instance : Nontrivial (Hilbert H K) := (UniformSpace.Completion.coe_injective (H ⊗[ℂ] K)).nontrivial end Spatial namespace MinTensor universe u variable (A B : Type u) [CStarAlgebra A] [CStarAlgebra B] [Nontrivial A] [Nontrivial B] instance : Nontrivial (Algebra A B) := by obtain ⟨π⟩ := exists_irreducible_representation A obtain ⟨σ⟩ := exists_irreducible_representation B let ρ : RepresentationPair A B := { H := π.space K := σ.space normH := inferInstance innerH := inferInstance completeH := inferInstance normK := inferInstance innerK := inferInstance completeK := inferInstance leftRep := π.representation rightRep := σ.representation } exact (spatialLift ρ).toRingHom.domain_nontrivial end MinTensor end KirchbergRordam namespace KirchbergRordam.States open scoped ComplexOrder theorem exists_norming_state (A : Type*) [CStarAlgebra A] [Nontrivial A] [PartialOrder A] [StarOrderedRing A] (a : A) : ∃ φ : A →ₚ[ℂ] ℂ, φ 1 = 1 ∧ ‖φ (star a * a)‖ = ‖a‖ ^ 2 := by let b := star a * a have hb : 0 ≤ b := star_mul_self_nonneg a let : IsStarNormal b := (IsSelfAdjoint.of_nonneg hb).isStarNormal let S := StarAlgebra.elemental ℂ b have hs : (‖b‖ : ℂ) ∈ spectrum ℂ b := by exact spectrum.algebraMap_mem ℂ (CStarAlgebra.norm_mem_spectrum_of_nonneg b hb) obtain ⟨χ,hχ⟩ := (StarAlgebra.elemental.bijective_characterSpaceToSpectrum b).surjective ⟨(‖b‖ : ℂ),hs⟩ let g : S →ₐ[ℂ] ℂ := WeakDual.CharacterSpace.equivAlgHom χ let : StarHomClass (S →ₐ[ℂ] ℂ) S ℂ := AlgHomClass.instStarHomClass have hg : ‖g.toContinuousLinearMap‖ ≤ 1 := by apply ContinuousLinearMap.opNorm_le_bound _ zero_le_one intro x simpa only [one_mul, AlgHom.coe_toContinuousLinearMap] using NonUnitalStarAlgHom.norm_apply_le g x obtain ⟨ψ,hψ,hψnorm⟩ := exists_extension_norm_eq S.toSubalgebra.toSubmodule g.toContinuousLinearMap have hψ1 : ψ 1 = 1 := by exact (hψ (1 : S)).trans (map_one g) have hψb : ψ b = (‖b‖ : ℂ) := by have hh := congrArg Subtype.val hχ exact (hψ ⟨b,StarAlgebra.elemental.self_mem ℂ b⟩).trans hh let φ : A →ₚ[ℂ] ℂ := PositiveLinearMap.mk₀ ψ.toLinearMap (eval_nonneg ψ (hψnorm.trans_le hg) hψ1) refine ⟨φ,hψ1,?_⟩ change ‖ψ b‖ = ‖a‖ ^ 2 rw [hψb,Complex.norm_real,Real.norm_eq_abs,abs_of_nonneg (norm_nonneg b)] simp only [b,CStarRing.norm_star_mul_self,pow_two] end KirchbergRordam.States end end OAI