import OAI.Analysis.FreeGroupFactor.MomentFlow namespace OAI namespace FreeGroupFactorMain noncomputable section universe uG uH open Set Metric Filter open scoped NNReal Topology BigOperators ContDiff open scoped ComplexConjugate abbrev deltaOne {G : Type uG} [Group G] : GroupHilbert G := by classical exact lp.single 2 1 1 theorem deltaOne_eq {G : Type uG} [Group G] [DecidableEq G] : (deltaOne : GroupHilbert G) = lp.single 2 1 1 := by ext x simp [deltaOne, lp.single_apply, Pi.single_apply] theorem groupVN_matrix {G : Type uG} [Group G] [DecidableEq G] (T : groupVonNeumann G) (x y : G) : ((T : GroupOperator G) (lp.single 2 y 1)) x = ((T : GroupOperator G) deltaOne) (x * y⁻¹) := by have hr : rightRegular y⁻¹ deltaOne = lp.single 2 y 1 := by ext b simp [deltaOne, lp.single_apply, Pi.single_apply, mul_inv_eq_one] rw [← hr] have hc := congrArg (fun f : GroupOperator G => f deltaOne) (groupVN_commute_right T y⁻¹) simpa only [mul_apply_eq_comp, rightRegular_apply] using congrArg (fun v : GroupHilbert G => v x) hc.symm theorem groupVN_star_coefficient {G : Type uG} [Group G] [DecidableEq G] (T : groupVonNeumann G) (x : G) : ((star T : GroupOperator G) deltaOne) x = conj (((T : GroupOperator G) deltaOne) x⁻¹) := by calc ((star T : GroupOperator G) deltaOne) x = inner ℂ (lp.single 2 x (1 : ℂ)) ((star T : GroupOperator G) deltaOne) := by simp only [lp.inner_single_left, RCLike.inner_apply, map_one, mul_one] _ = inner ℂ ((T : GroupOperator G) (lp.single 2 x 1)) deltaOne := by exact ContinuousLinearMap.adjoint_inner_right _ _ _ _ = conj (((T : GroupOperator G) (lp.single 2 x 1)) 1) := by simp only [deltaOne, lp.inner_single_right, RCLike.inner_apply, one_mul] _ = _ := by rw [groupVN_matrix]; simp theorem canonicalTrace_star_mul_inner {G : Type uG} [Group G] [DecidableEq G] (T U : groupVonNeumann G) : canonicalTrace (star T * U) = inner ℂ ((T : GroupOperator G) deltaOne) ((U : GroupOperator G) deltaOne) := by classical rw [canonicalTrace_eq_inner, ← deltaOne_eq] change inner ℂ deltaOne (star (T : GroupOperator G) ((U : GroupOperator G) deltaOne)) = _ rw [ContinuousLinearMap.star_eq_adjoint, ContinuousLinearMap.adjoint_inner_right] theorem canonicalTrace_mul {G : Type uG} [Group G] [DecidableEq G] (T U : groupVonNeumann G) : canonicalTrace (T * U) = canonicalTrace (U * T) := by have he (T U : groupVonNeumann G) : canonicalTrace (T * U) = ∑' x : G, ((T : GroupOperator G) deltaOne) x⁻¹ * ((U : GroupOperator G) deltaOne) x := by rw [← star_star T, canonicalTrace_star_mul_inner] change (∑' x, inner ℂ (((star T : GroupOperator G) deltaOne) x) (((U : GroupOperator G) deltaOne) x)) = _ apply tsum_congr intro x rw [groupVN_star_coefficient] simp [RCLike.inner_apply, mul_comm] rw [he, he] simpa only [Equiv.inv_apply, inv_inv, mul_comm] using ((Equiv.inv G).tsum_eq (fun x => ((T : GroupOperator G) deltaOne) x⁻¹ * ((U : GroupOperator G) deltaOne) x)).symm def hilbertSequenceMap {G : Type uG} {H : Type uH} (e : GroupHilbert G ≃ₗᵢ[ℂ] GroupHilbert H) (ξ : lp (fun _ : ℕ => GroupHilbert G) 2) : lp (fun _ : ℕ => GroupHilbert H) 2 := ⟨fun n => e (ξ n), Memℓp.of_norm (by simpa only [e.norm_map] using (lp.memℓp ξ).norm)⟩ theorem spatial_ultraweak_continuous {G : Type uG} {H : Type uH} (e : GroupHilbert G ≃ₗᵢ[ℂ] GroupHilbert H) : @Continuous _ _ (ultraweakOperatorTopology G) (ultraweakOperatorTopology H) e.conjStarAlgEquiv := by apply continuous_iInf_rng.mpr intro ξ apply continuous_iInf_rng.mpr intro η apply continuous_induced_rng.mpr have heq : (fun T : GroupOperator G => ∑' k : ℕ, inner ℂ (η k) (e.conjStarAlgEquiv T (ξ k))) = (fun T : GroupOperator G => ∑' k : ℕ, inner ℂ (hilbertSequenceMap e.symm η k) (T (hilbertSequenceMap e.symm ξ k))) := by funext T apply tsum_congr intro k change inner ℂ (η k) (e (T (e.symm (ξ k)))) = inner ℂ (e.symm (η k)) (T (e.symm (ξ k))) rw [← e.inner_map_map] simp change @Continuous _ _ (ultraweakOperatorTopology G) _ (fun T : GroupOperator G => ∑' k : ℕ, inner ℂ (η k) (e.conjStarAlgEquiv T (ξ k))) rw [heq] exact continuous_iInf_dom (i := hilbertSequenceMap e.symm ξ) (continuous_iInf_dom (i := hilbertSequenceMap e.symm η) continuous_induced_dom) def spatialGroupIso {G : Type uG} {H : Type uH} [Group G] [Group H] (e : GroupHilbert G ≃ₗᵢ[ℂ] GroupHilbert H) (hVN : ∀ T : GroupOperator G, T ∈ groupVonNeumann G ↔ e.conjStarAlgEquiv T ∈ groupVonNeumann H) : groupVonNeumann G ≃⋆ₐ[ℂ] groupVonNeumann H where toFun T := ⟨e.conjStarAlgEquiv T, (hVN T).mp T.property⟩ invFun T := ⟨e.conjStarAlgEquiv.symm T, (hVN _).mpr (by rw [e.conjStarAlgEquiv.apply_symm_apply]; exact T.property)⟩ left_inv T := Subtype.ext (e.conjStarAlgEquiv.symm_apply_apply T) right_inv T := Subtype.ext (e.conjStarAlgEquiv.apply_symm_apply T) map_mul' T U := Subtype.ext (map_mul e.conjStarAlgEquiv (T : GroupOperator G) (U : GroupOperator G)) map_add' T U := Subtype.ext (map_add e.conjStarAlgEquiv (T : GroupOperator G) (U : GroupOperator G)) map_star' T := Subtype.ext (map_star e.conjStarAlgEquiv (T : GroupOperator G)) map_smul' c T := Subtype.ext (map_smul e.conjStarAlgEquiv c (T : GroupOperator G)) theorem spatialGroupIso_normal {G : Type uG} {H : Type uH} [Group G] [Group H] (e : GroupHilbert G ≃ₗᵢ[ℂ] GroupHilbert H) (hVN : ∀ T : GroupOperator G, T ∈ groupVonNeumann G ↔ e.conjStarAlgEquiv T ∈ groupVonNeumann H) : @Continuous _ _ (groupUltraweakTopology G) (groupUltraweakTopology H) (spatialGroupIso e hVN) := by let : TopologicalSpace (GroupOperator G) := ultraweakOperatorTopology G let : TopologicalSpace (GroupOperator H) := ultraweakOperatorTopology H let : TopologicalSpace (groupVonNeumann G) := groupUltraweakTopology G let : TopologicalSpace (groupVonNeumann H) := groupUltraweakTopology H apply continuous_induced_rng.mpr have hinc : Continuous (fun T : groupVonNeumann G => (T : GroupOperator G)) := continuous_induced_dom exact (spatial_ultraweak_continuous e).comp hinc theorem normalTracialIso_of_spatial {G : Type uG} {H : Type uH} [Group G] [Group H] (e : GroupHilbert G ≃ₗᵢ[ℂ] GroupHilbert H) (hδ : e deltaOne = deltaOne) (hVN : ∀ T : GroupOperator G, T ∈ groupVonNeumann G ↔ e.conjStarAlgEquiv T ∈ groupVonNeumann H) : HasNormalTracialIso G H := by classical refine ⟨spatialGroupIso e hVN, fun T => ?_, spatialGroupIso_normal e hVN⟩ rw [canonicalTrace_eq_inner, canonicalTrace_eq_inner] change inner ℂ deltaOne (e ((T : GroupOperator G) (e.symm deltaOne))) = inner ℂ deltaOne ((T : GroupOperator G) deltaOne) rw [← hδ, e.symm_apply_apply, e.inner_map_map] open scoped ComplexConjugate ENNReal theorem operator_matrix_ext {G : Type uG} [DecidableEq G] (T U : GroupOperator G) (h : ∀ g, T (lp.single 2 g 1) = U (lp.single 2 g 1)) : T = U := by classical apply ContinuousLinearMap.ext intro ξ have hT := (lp.hasSum_single (by norm_num : (2 : ℝ≥0∞) ≠ ⊤) ξ).mapL T have hU := (lp.hasSum_single (by norm_num : (2 : ℝ≥0∞) ≠ ⊤) ξ).mapL U have he (g : G) : T (lp.single 2 g (ξ g)) = U (lp.single 2 g (ξ g)) := by have hc : lp.single (E := fun _ : G => ℂ) 2 g (ξ g) = (ξ g) • lp.single (E := fun _ : G => ℂ) 2 g 1 := by ext b simp [lp.single_apply, Pi.single_apply] rw [hc, map_smul, map_smul, h] simp only [he] at hT exact hT.unique hU theorem operator_coeff_tsum {G : Type uG} [DecidableEq G] (T : GroupOperator G) (ξ : GroupHilbert G) (x : G) : (T ξ) x = ∑' y : G, (T (lp.single 2 y 1)) x * ξ y := by calc (T ξ) x = inner ℂ (lp.single 2 x 1) (T ξ) := by simp [lp.inner_single_left] _ = inner ℂ (star T (lp.single 2 x 1)) ξ := by rw [ContinuousLinearMap.star_eq_adjoint, ContinuousLinearMap.adjoint_inner_left] _ = ∑' y : G, (T (lp.single 2 y 1)) x * ξ y := by rw [lp.inner_eq_tsum] apply tsum_congr intro y have he : conj ((star T (lp.single 2 x 1)) y) = (T (lp.single 2 y 1)) x := by calc _ = inner ℂ (star T (lp.single 2 x 1)) (lp.single 2 y 1) := by simp [lp.inner_single_right] _ = inner ℂ (lp.single 2 x 1) (T (lp.single 2 y 1)) := by rw [ContinuousLinearMap.star_eq_adjoint, ContinuousLinearMap.adjoint_inner_left] _ = _ := by simp [lp.inner_single_left] simp only [RCLike.inner_apply, he, mul_comm] theorem matrix_of_commute_right {G : Type uG} [Group G] [DecidableEq G] (T : GroupOperator G) (hT : ∀ g, rightRegular g * T = T * rightRegular g) (x y : G) : (T (lp.single 2 y 1)) x = (T deltaOne) (x * y⁻¹) := by have hr : rightRegular y⁻¹ deltaOne = lp.single 2 y 1 := by ext b simp [deltaOne, lp.single_apply, Pi.single_apply, mul_inv_eq_one] rw [← hr] have hc := congrArg (fun f : GroupOperator G => f deltaOne) (hT y⁻¹) simpa only [mul_apply_eq_comp, rightRegular_apply] using congrArg (fun v : GroupHilbert G => v x) hc.symm theorem matrix_of_commute_left {G : Type uG} [Group G] [DecidableEq G] (T : GroupOperator G) (hT : ∀ g, leftRegular g * T = T * leftRegular g) (x y : G) : (T (lp.single 2 y 1)) x = (T deltaOne) (y⁻¹ * x) := by have hl : leftRegular y deltaOne = lp.single 2 y 1 := by ext b simp [deltaOne, lp.single_apply, Pi.single_apply, inv_mul_eq_one, eq_comm] rw [← hl] have hc := congrArg (fun f : GroupOperator G => f deltaOne) (hT y) simpa only [mul_apply_eq_comp, leftRegular_apply] using congrArg (fun v : GroupHilbert G => v x) hc.symm theorem mem_groupVN_iff_commute_right {G : Type uG} [Group G] (T : GroupOperator G) : T ∈ groupVonNeumann G ↔ ∀ g, rightRegular g * T = T * rightRegular g := by classical refine ⟨fun h g => groupVN_commute_right ⟨T,h⟩ g, ?_⟩ intro hT have hc (U : GroupOperator G) (hU : ∀ g, leftRegular g * U = U * leftRegular g) : U * T = T * U := by apply operator_matrix_ext intro k ext x have hleft : ((U * T) (lp.single 2 k 1)) x = ∑' y : G, (U deltaOne) (y⁻¹ * x) * (T deltaOne) (y * k⁻¹) := by change (U (T (lp.single 2 k 1))) x = _ rw [operator_coeff_tsum U] apply tsum_congr intro y rw [matrix_of_commute_left U hU x y, matrix_of_commute_right T hT y k] have hright : ((T * U) (lp.single 2 k 1)) x = ∑' y : G, (T deltaOne) (x * y⁻¹) * (U deltaOne) (k⁻¹ * y) := by change (T (U (lp.single 2 k 1))) x = _ rw [operator_coeff_tsum T] apply tsum_congr intro y rw [matrix_of_commute_right T hT x y, matrix_of_commute_left U hU y k] rw [hleft, hright] let e : G ≃ G := ((Equiv.inv G).trans (Equiv.mulLeft x)).trans (Equiv.mulRight k) have hs := e.tsum_eq (fun y => (U deltaOne) (y⁻¹ * x) * (T deltaOne) (y * k⁻¹)) change (∑' c : G, (U deltaOne) ((x * c⁻¹ * k)⁻¹ * x) * (T deltaOne) (x * c⁻¹ * k * k⁻¹)) = _ at hs simpa only [mul_inv_rev, inv_inv, mul_assoc, inv_mul_cancel, mul_inv_cancel, mul_one, mul_comm] using hs.symm rw [groupVonNeumann, StarSubalgebra.mem_centralizer_iff] intro U hU have hu : ∀ g, leftRegular g * U = U * leftRegular g := by intro g exact ((StarSubalgebra.mem_centralizer_iff ℂ).mp hU _ (leftRegular_mem_leftTranslations g)).1 refine ⟨hc U hu, hc (star U) ?_⟩ intro g have hh := congrArg star (hu g⁻¹) simpa only [star_mul, leftRegular_star, inv_inv] using hh.symm open scoped ComplexConjugate theorem rightRegular_single {G : Type uG} [Group G] [DecidableEq G] (g y : G) : rightRegular g (lp.single 2 y (1 : ℂ)) = lp.single 2 (y * g⁻¹) 1 := by ext x simp only [rightRegular_apply, lp.single_apply, Pi.single_apply] congr 1 exact propext (eq_mul_inv_iff_mul_eq.symm) theorem mem_groupVN_of_matrix_invariant {G : Type uG} [Group G] [DecidableEq G] (T : GroupOperator G) (hT : ∀ x y g : G, (T (lp.single 2 (y*g) 1)) (x*g) = (T (lp.single 2 y 1)) x) : T ∈ groupVonNeumann G := by rw [mem_groupVN_iff_commute_right] intro g apply operator_matrix_ext intro y ext x simp only [mul_apply_eq_comp, rightRegular_apply] change (T (lp.single 2 y 1)) (x*g) = (T (rightRegular g (lp.single 2 y 1))) x rw [rightRegular_single] simpa only [mul_inv_cancel_right] using (hT (x*g) y g⁻¹).symm theorem haar_orbit_orthonormal {G : Type uG} {H : Type uH} [Group G] [Group H] [DecidableEq G] (ρ : G →* groupVonNeumann H) (hstar : ∀ g, star (ρ g) = ρ g⁻¹) (htrace : ∀ g, canonicalTrace (ρ g) = if g = 1 then 1 else 0) : Orthonormal ℂ (fun g => ((ρ g : groupVonNeumann H) : GroupOperator H) deltaOne) := by classical rw [orthonormal_iff_ite] intro x y rw [← canonicalTrace_star_mul_inner, hstar, ← map_mul, htrace] simp only [inv_mul_eq_one] theorem spatial_of_haar_total {G : Type uG} {H : Type uH} [Group G] [Group H] [DecidableEq G] (ρ : G →* groupVonNeumann H) (hstar : ∀ g, star (ρ g) = ρ g⁻¹) (htrace : ∀ g, canonicalTrace (ρ g) = if g = 1 then 1 else 0) (htotal : ⊤ ≤ (Submodule.span ℂ (Set.range (fun g => ((ρ g : groupVonNeumann H) : GroupOperator H) deltaOne))).topologicalClosure) : ∃ e : GroupHilbert G ≃ₗᵢ[ℂ] GroupHilbert H, e deltaOne = deltaOne ∧ (∀ g, e.conjStarAlgEquiv (leftRegular g) = (ρ g : GroupOperator H)) ∧ ∀ T : GroupOperator G, T ∈ groupVonNeumann G ↔ e.conjStarAlgEquiv T ∈ groupVonNeumann H := by classical let v : G → GroupHilbert H := fun g => ((ρ g : groupVonNeumann H) : GroupOperator H) deltaOne have hon : Orthonormal ℂ v := haar_orbit_orthonormal ρ hstar htrace let e : GroupHilbert G ≃ₗᵢ[ℂ] GroupHilbert H := (hon.isHilbertSum htotal).linearIsometryEquiv.symm have he (g : G) : e (lp.single 2 g 1) = v g := hon.linearIsometryEquiv_symm_apply_single_one htotal g have hδ : e deltaOne = deltaOne := by rw [deltaOne_eq, he] simp [v] have hleft (g : G) : e.conjStarAlgEquiv (leftRegular g) = (ρ g : GroupOperator H) := by apply e.conjStarAlgEquiv.symm.injective change e.conjStarAlgEquiv.symm (e.conjStarAlgEquiv (leftRegular g)) = e.conjStarAlgEquiv.symm (ρ g : GroupOperator H) rw [e.conjStarAlgEquiv.symm_apply_apply] apply operator_matrix_ext intro y apply e.injective change e (leftRegular g (lp.single 2 y 1)) = e (e.symm ((ρ g : GroupOperator H) (e (lp.single 2 y 1)))) rw [e.apply_symm_apply, he] have hl : leftRegular g (lp.single 2 y (1 : ℂ)) = lp.single 2 (g*y) 1 := by ext x simp only [leftRegular_apply, lp.single_apply, Pi.single_apply] congr 1 exact propext (inv_mul_eq_iff_eq_mul) rw [hl, he] change ((ρ (g*y) : groupVonNeumann H) : GroupOperator H) deltaOne = _ rw [map_mul] rfl refine ⟨e, hδ, hleft, ?_⟩ intro T constructor · intro hT rw [mem_groupVN_iff_commute_right] intro g apply e.conjStarAlgEquiv.symm.injective change e.conjStarAlgEquiv.symm (rightRegular g * e.conjStarAlgEquiv T) = e.conjStarAlgEquiv.symm (e.conjStarAlgEquiv T * rightRegular g) rw [map_mul, map_mul, e.conjStarAlgEquiv.symm_apply_apply] have hc : e.conjStarAlgEquiv.symm (rightRegular g) ∈ StarSubalgebra.centralizer ℂ (leftTranslations G) := by rw [StarSubalgebra.mem_centralizer_iff, leftTranslations_eq_range] rintro _ ⟨x,rfl⟩ constructor · apply e.conjStarAlgEquiv.injective change e.conjStarAlgEquiv (leftRegular _ * e.conjStarAlgEquiv.symm (rightRegular g)) = e.conjStarAlgEquiv (e.conjStarAlgEquiv.symm (rightRegular g) * leftRegular _) rw [map_mul, map_mul, e.conjStarAlgEquiv.apply_symm_apply, hleft] exact (groupVN_commute_right (ρ x) g).symm · rw [leftRegular_star] apply e.conjStarAlgEquiv.injective change e.conjStarAlgEquiv (leftRegular _ * e.conjStarAlgEquiv.symm (rightRegular g)) = e.conjStarAlgEquiv (e.conjStarAlgEquiv.symm (rightRegular g) * leftRegular _) rw [map_mul, map_mul, e.conjStarAlgEquiv.apply_symm_apply, hleft] exact (groupVN_commute_right (ρ x⁻¹) g).symm exact ((StarSubalgebra.mem_centralizer_iff ℂ).mp hT _ hc).1 · intro hT let U : groupVonNeumann H := ⟨e.conjStarAlgEquiv T, hT⟩ have hm (x y : G) : (T (lp.single 2 y 1)) x = canonicalTrace (star (ρ x) * U * ρ y) := by calc (T (lp.single 2 y 1)) x = inner ℂ (lp.single 2 x 1) (T (lp.single 2 y 1)) := by simp [lp.inner_single_left] _ = inner ℂ (v x) ((U : GroupOperator H) (v y)) := by rw [← he x, ← he y, ← e.inner_map_map] change inner ℂ (e (lp.single 2 x 1)) (e (T (lp.single 2 y 1))) = inner ℂ (e (lp.single 2 x 1)) (e (T (e.symm (e (lp.single 2 y 1))))) rw [e.symm_apply_apply] _ = canonicalTrace (star (ρ x) * U * ρ y) := by rw [mul_assoc, canonicalTrace_star_mul_inner] rfl apply mem_groupVN_of_matrix_invariant T intro x y g rw [hm, hm, map_mul, map_mul, star_mul] have hc := canonicalTrace_mul (star (ρ g) * star (ρ x) * U * ρ y) (ρ g) simp only [← mul_assoc] rw [hc] simp only [hstar, ← mul_assoc, ← map_mul, mul_inv_cancel, one_mul] theorem normalTracialIso_of_haar_total {G : Type uG} {H : Type uH} [Group G] [Group H] [DecidableEq G] (ρ : G →* groupVonNeumann H) (hstar : ∀ g, star (ρ g) = ρ g⁻¹) (htrace : ∀ g, canonicalTrace (ρ g) = if g = 1 then 1 else 0) (htotal : ⊤ ≤ (Submodule.span ℂ (Set.range (fun g => ((ρ g : groupVonNeumann H) : GroupOperator H) deltaOne))).topologicalClosure) : HasNormalTracialIso G H := by obtain ⟨e,hδ,_hρ,hVN⟩ := spatial_of_haar_total ρ hstar htrace htotal exact normalTracialIso_of_spatial e hδ hVN theorem iso_extension_of_haar_total {G : Type uG} {H : Type uH} [Group G] [Group H] [DecidableEq G] (ρ : G →* groupVonNeumann H) (hstar : ∀ g, star (ρ g) = ρ g⁻¹) (htrace : ∀ g, canonicalTrace (ρ g) = if g = 1 then 1 else 0) (htotal : ⊤ ≤ (Submodule.span ℂ (Set.range (fun g => ((ρ g : groupVonNeumann H) : GroupOperator H) deltaOne))).topologicalClosure) : ∃ Φ : groupVonNeumann G ≃⋆ₐ[ℂ] groupVonNeumann H, (∀ T, canonicalTrace (Φ T) = canonicalTrace T) ∧ @Continuous _ _ (groupUltraweakTopology G) (groupUltraweakTopology H) Φ ∧ ∀ g, Φ (groupUnitary g) = ρ g := by classical obtain ⟨e,hδ,hρ,hVN⟩ := spatial_of_haar_total ρ hstar htrace htotal refine ⟨spatialGroupIso e hVN, ?_, spatialGroupIso_normal e hVN, ?_⟩ · intro T rw [canonicalTrace_eq_inner, canonicalTrace_eq_inner, ← deltaOne_eq, ← deltaOne_eq] change inner ℂ deltaOne (e ((T : GroupOperator G) (e.symm deltaOne))) = inner ℂ deltaOne ((T : GroupOperator G) deltaOne) rw [← hδ, e.symm_apply_apply, e.inner_map_map] · intro g apply Subtype.ext exact hρ g end end FreeGroupFactorMain end OAI