import OAI.Analysis.IntegralMeans.PositiveArea namespace OAI noncomputable section open Set MeasureTheory Filter Function open scoped Topology ENNReal namespace Brennan lemma schlicht_area {f : ℂ → ℂ} (hf : Schlicht f) {t : ℝ} (ht : -2 < t) (ht2 : t < 2/3) : IntegrableOn (fun z => ‖deriv f z‖^t) disk := by rcases lt_trichotomy t 0 with h | h | h · exact schlicht_negative_area hf ht h · subst t simp only [Real.rpow_zero] exact integrableOn_const (by apply ne_of_lt exact Metric.isBounded_ball.measure_lt_top) · exact schlicht_positive_area hf h ht2 def normalizeDisk (f : ℂ → ℂ) (z : ℂ) : ℂ := (f z-f 0)/deriv f 0 lemma normalizeDisk_hasDeriv {f : ℂ → ℂ} (hf : UnivalentOn f disk) {z : ℂ} (hz : z ∈ disk) : HasDerivAt (normalizeDisk f) (deriv f z/deriv f 0) z := ((hf.1.differentiableAt (Metric.isOpen_ball.mem_nhds hz)).hasDerivAt.sub_const (f 0)).div_const _ lemma normalizeDisk_schlicht {f : ℂ → ℂ} (hf : UnivalentOn f disk) : Schlicht (normalizeDisk f) := by have h0 : (0:ℂ) ∈ disk := by simp [disk] have hn := univalent_deriv_ne_zero Metric.isOpen_ball hf h0 refine ⟨⟨?_,?_⟩,?_,?_⟩ · intro z hz exact (normalizeDisk_hasDeriv hf hz).differentiableAt.differentiableWithinAt · intro z hz w hw he have hh : f z-f 0 = f w-f 0 := (div_left_inj' hn).mp he exact hf.2 hz hw (sub_left_inj.mp hh) · simp [normalizeDisk] · rw [(normalizeDisk_hasDeriv hf h0).deriv,div_self hn] lemma univalent_disk_area {f : ℂ → ℂ} (hf : UnivalentOn f disk) {t : ℝ} (ht : -2 < t) (ht2 : t < 2/3) : IntegrableOn (fun z => ‖deriv f z‖^t) disk := by have h0 : (0:ℂ) ∈ disk := by simp [disk] have hn := univalent_deriv_ne_zero Metric.isOpen_ball hf h0 have hg := schlicht_area (normalizeDisk_schlicht hf) ht ht2 apply IntegrableOn.congr_fun (hg.const_mul (‖deriv f 0‖^t)) _ Metric.isOpen_ball.measurableSet intro z hz have he : deriv f z = deriv f 0 * deriv (normalizeDisk f) z := by rw [(normalizeDisk_hasDeriv hf hz).deriv] field_simp dsimp only rw [he,norm_mul,Real.mul_rpow (norm_nonneg _) (norm_nonneg _)] end Brennan end noncomputable section open Set MeasureTheory Filter Function open scoped Topology ENNReal namespace Brennan lemma univalent_inverse_hasDerivAt {U : Set ℂ} (hU : IsOpen U) {φ : ℂ → ℂ} (hφ : UnivalentOn φ U) {z : ℂ} (hz : z ∈ U) : HasDerivAt (Function.invFunOn φ U) (deriv φ z)⁻¹ (φ z) := by have ha := hφ.1.analyticOnNhd hU z hz apply (ha.hasStrictDerivAt.to_local_left_inverse (univalent_deriv_ne_zero hU hφ hz) ?_).hasDerivAt filter_upwards [hU.mem_nhds hz] with w hw exact hφ.2.leftInvOn_invFunOn hw lemma bijOn_inverse_univalent {U V : Set ℂ} (hU : IsOpen U) {φ : ℂ → ℂ} (hφ : DifferentiableOn ℂ φ U) (hb : BijOn φ U V) : UnivalentOn (Function.invFunOn φ U) V := by constructor · intro w hw obtain ⟨z,hz,rfl⟩ := hb.surjOn hw exact (univalent_inverse_hasDerivAt hU ⟨hφ,hb.injOn⟩ hz).differentiableAt.differentiableWithinAt · exact (Function.invFunOn_injOn_image φ U).mono hb.surjOn lemma bijOn_inverse_image {U V : Set ℂ} {φ : ℂ → ℂ} (hb : BijOn φ U V) : Function.invFunOn φ U '' V = U := by rw [← hb.image_eq] exact hb.injOn.invFunOn_image (Subset.refl _) lemma conformal_lintegral_eq {F : ℂ → ℂ} {s : Set ℂ} (hs : MeasurableSet s) (hF : ∀ z ∈ s, DifferentiableAt ℂ F z) (hi : InjOn F s) (b : ℂ → ℝ≥0∞) : (∫⁻ w in F '' s, b w) = ∫⁻ z in s, ENNReal.ofReal (‖deriv F z‖^2)*b (F z) := by rw [lintegral_image_eq_lintegral_abs_det_fderiv_mul volume hs (fun z hz => (hF z hz).hasFDerivAt.restrictScalars ℝ |>.hasFDerivWithinAt) hi b] apply setLIntegral_congr_fun hs intro z hz have hd := (hF z hz).hasFDerivAt.restrictScalars ℝ have hf : (ContinuousLinearMap.restrictScalars ℝ (fderiv ℂ F z)) = fderiv ℝ F z := hd.fderiv.symm dsimp only have hd' : (fderiv ℝ F z).det = ‖deriv F z‖^2 := det_fderiv_complex (hF z hz) rw [hf,hd',abs_of_nonneg (sq_nonneg _)] end Brennan end noncomputable section open Set MeasureTheory Filter Function open scoped Topology ENNReal namespace Brennan lemma conformal_domain_area {W : Set ℂ} (hW : IsOpen W) {φ : ℂ → ℂ} (hφ : DifferentiableOn ℂ φ W) (hb : BijOn φ W disk) {s : ℝ} (hs : 4/3 < s) (hs4 : s < 4) : IntegrableOn (fun z => ‖deriv φ z‖^s) W := by let f := Function.invFunOn φ W have hf : UnivalentOn f disk := bijOn_inverse_univalent hW hφ hb have himage : f '' disk = W := bijOn_inverse_image hb have hfi : IntegrableOn (fun w => ‖deriv f w‖^(2-s)) disk := univalent_disk_area hf (by linarith) (by linarith) have hderiv (w : ℂ) (hw : w ∈ disk) : deriv φ (f w) = (deriv f w)⁻¹ := by have hz : f w ∈ W := hb.surjOn.mapsTo_invFunOn hw have hv : φ (f w) = w := hb.surjOn.rightInvOn_invFunOn hw have hd := (univalent_inverse_hasDerivAt hW ⟨hφ,hb.injOn⟩ hz).deriv change deriv f (φ (f w)) = (deriv φ (f w))⁻¹ at hd rw [hv] at hd rw [hd,inv_inv] have hc : ContinuousOn (fun z => ‖deriv φ z‖^s) W := by apply (hφ.deriv hW).continuousOn.norm.rpow_const intro z hz exact Or.inl (norm_ne_zero_iff.mpr (univalent_deriv_ne_zero hW ⟨hφ,hb.injOn⟩ hz)) refine ⟨hc.aestronglyMeasurable hW.measurableSet,?_⟩ apply (hasFiniteIntegral_iff_ofReal (Eventually.of_forall (fun z : ℂ => Real.rpow_nonneg (norm_nonneg _) s))).mpr have he := conformal_lintegral_eq Metric.isOpen_ball.measurableSet (fun z hz => hf.1.differentiableAt (Metric.isOpen_ball.mem_nhds hz)) hf.2 (fun z => ENNReal.ofReal (‖deriv φ z‖^s)) change (∫⁻ z in f '' disk, ENNReal.ofReal (‖deriv φ z‖^s)) = ∫⁻ z in disk, ENNReal.ofReal (‖deriv f z‖^2)*ENNReal.ofReal (‖deriv φ (f z)‖^s) at he rw [himage] at he rw [he] have hp : (∫⁻ w in disk, ENNReal.ofReal (‖deriv f w‖^2)*ENNReal.ofReal (‖deriv φ (f w)‖^s)) = ∫⁻ w in disk, ENNReal.ofReal (‖deriv f w‖^(2-s)) := by apply setLIntegral_congr_fun Metric.isOpen_ball.measurableSet intro w hw dsimp only rw [hderiv w hw,norm_inv,Real.inv_rpow (norm_nonneg _),← ENNReal.ofReal_mul (sq_nonneg _)] congr 1 have hn : 0 < ‖deriv f w‖ := norm_pos_iff.mpr (univalent_deriv_ne_zero Metric.isOpen_ball hf hw) rw [← Real.rpow_natCast ‖deriv f w‖ 2,← Real.rpow_neg hn.le,← Real.rpow_add hn] rfl rw [hp] exact (hasFiniteIntegral_iff_ofReal (Eventually.of_forall (fun w : ℂ => Real.rpow_nonneg (norm_nonneg (deriv f w)) (2-s)))).mp hfi.hasFiniteIntegral end Brennan end end OAI