import Mathlib namespace OAI section open Set Cardinal namespace InfiniteMatroidCounterexample abbrev CIndex := Cardinal.continuum.{0}.ord.ToType lemma cindex_card : Cardinal.mk CIndex = Cardinal.continuum := Cardinal.mk_ord_toType _ lemma cindex_initial : (Cardinal.mk CIndex).ord = Ordinal.type ((· < ·) : CIndex → CIndex → Prop) := by rw [cindex_card, Ordinal.type_toType] lemma cindex_predecessors (i : CIndex) : Cardinal.mk (Iio i) < Cardinal.continuum := by simpa only [cindex_card] using Cardinal.mk_Iio_lt i cindex_initial lemma cindex_initial_segment (i : CIndex) : Cardinal.mk (Iic i) < Cardinal.continuum := by have h : Iic i = insert i (Iio i) := by ext x; simp [le_iff_lt_or_eq, eq_comm, or_comm] rw [h] apply lt_of_le_of_lt Cardinal.mk_insert_le have h0 := cindex_predecessors i have hc : ℵ₀ < Cardinal.continuum := Cardinal.aleph0_lt_continuum calc _ ≤ max (Cardinal.mk (Iio i)) ℵ₀ + max (Cardinal.mk (Iio i)) ℵ₀ := add_le_add (le_max_left _ _) (le_trans Cardinal.one_le_aleph0 (le_max_right _ _)) _ = max (Cardinal.mk (Iio i)) ℵ₀ := Cardinal.add_eq_self (le_max_right _ _) _ < Cardinal.continuum := max_lt h0 hc /-- Cardinal arithmetic used at each stage; it does not assert regularity of the continuum. -/ lemma finite_union_small {α ι : Type} (hι : Cardinal.mk ι < Cardinal.continuum) (F : ι → Set α) (hF : ∀ i, (F i).Finite) : Cardinal.mk (⋃ i, F i) < Cardinal.continuum := by calc Cardinal.mk (⋃ i, F i) ≤ Cardinal.mk ι * ⨆ i, Cardinal.mk (F i) := Cardinal.mk_iUnion_le F _ ≤ max (Cardinal.mk ι) ℵ₀ * max (Cardinal.mk ι) ℵ₀ := by apply mul_le_mul' (le_max_left _ _) apply ciSup_le' intro i let := (hF i).fintype exact (Cardinal.lt_aleph0_of_finite (F i)).le.trans (le_max_right _ _) _ = max (Cardinal.mk ι) ℵ₀ := Cardinal.mul_eq_self (le_max_right _ _) _ < Cardinal.continuum := max_lt hι Cardinal.aleph0_lt_continuum lemma exists_avoid_finite_family {ι : Type} (hι : Cardinal.mk ι < Cardinal.continuum) (F : ι → Set CIndex) (hF : ∀ i, (F i).Finite) : ∃ t : CIndex, ∀ i, t ∉ F i := by have hcard := finite_union_small hι F hF have hn : (⋃ i, F i) ≠ Set.univ := by intro heq rw [heq, Cardinal.mk_univ, cindex_card] at hcard exact lt_irrefl _ hcard obtain ⟨t, ht⟩ := (Set.ne_univ_iff_exists_notMem _).mp hn exact ⟨t, fun i hi ↦ ht (mem_iUnion.mpr ⟨i, hi⟩)⟩ lemma binary_card : Cardinal.mk (ℕ → Bool) = Cardinal.continuum := by rw [Cardinal.mk_arrow] simp only [Cardinal.mk_fintype, Fintype.card_bool, Cardinal.mk_nat, Cardinal.lift_id, Nat.cast_ofNat] exact Cardinal.two_power_aleph0 noncomputable def cindexBinaryEquiv : CIndex ≃ (ℕ → Bool) := Classical.choice (Cardinal.eq.mp (cindex_card.trans binary_card.symm)) /-- Enumeration of all subsets of any countably infinite type, on the initial continuum ordinal. -/ lemma exists_set_enumeration (α : Type) [Countable α] [Infinite α] : ∃ f : CIndex → Set α, Function.Surjective f := by have hc : Cardinal.mk (Set α) = Cardinal.continuum := by rw [Cardinal.mk_set, Cardinal.mk_eq_aleph0] rfl obtain ⟨e⟩ := Cardinal.eq.mp (cindex_card.trans hc.symm) exact ⟨e, e.surjective⟩ lemma cardinal_prod_bool_lt {ι : Type} (hι : Cardinal.mk ι < Cardinal.continuum) : Cardinal.mk (ι × Bool) < Cardinal.continuum := by rw [Cardinal.mk_prod,Cardinal.lift_id,Cardinal.lift_id] have hb : Cardinal.mk Bool ≤ ℵ₀ := (Cardinal.lt_aleph0_of_finite Bool).le calc _ ≤ max (Cardinal.mk ι) ℵ₀ * max (Cardinal.mk ι) ℵ₀ := mul_le_mul' (le_max_left _ _) (hb.trans (le_max_right _ _)) _ = max (Cardinal.mk ι) ℵ₀ := Cardinal.mul_eq_self (le_max_right _ _) _ < Cardinal.continuum := max_lt hι Cardinal.aleph0_lt_continuum end InfiniteMatroidCounterexample end end OAI