import OAI.Combinatorics.InfiniteMatroid.Basic namespace OAI section open Set Matroid namespace InfiniteMatroidCounterexample def IntervalAlternative {α : Type*} (Bases : Set (Set α)) : Prop := ∀ I Y, I ⊆ Y → (Y \ I).Infinite → ∃ B ∈ Bases, B ⊆ I ∨ (I ⊆ B ∧ B ⊆ Y) ∨ Y ⊆ B /-- The purely set-theoretic assumptions supplied by the prototype assembly. -/ structure BasisSystem (α : Type*) where bases : Set (Set α) nonempty : bases.Nonempty antichain : ∀ ⦃B C⦄, B ∈ bases → C ∈ bases → B ⊆ C → B = C compl_closed : ∀ ⦃B⦄, B ∈ bases → Bᶜ ∈ bases swap : ∀ ⦃B⦄, B ∈ bases → ∀ e ∈ B, ∀ f ∉ B, insert f (B \ {e}) ∈ bases intervals : IntervalAlternative bases namespace BasisSystem variable {α : Type*} (S : BasisSystem α) def Independent (I : Set α) : Prop := ∃ B ∈ S.bases, I ⊆ B lemma independent_mono {I J : Set α} (hJ : S.Independent J) (hIJ : I ⊆ J) : S.Independent I := by obtain ⟨B, hB, hJB⟩ := hJ exact ⟨B, hB, hIJ.trans hJB⟩ lemma maximal_of_base {B : Set α} (hB : B ∈ S.bases) {Y : Set α} (hBY : B ⊆ Y) : Maximal (fun K ↦ S.Independent K ∧ K ⊆ Y) B := by refine ⟨⟨⟨B, hB, Subset.rfl⟩, hBY⟩, ?_⟩ intro C hC hBC obtain ⟨B', hB', hCB'⟩ := hC.1 have heq := S.antichain hB hB' (hBC.trans hCB') exact heq ▸ hCB' lemma exists_maximal_finite_gap {I Y : Set α} (hI : S.Independent I) (hIY : I ⊆ Y) (hgap : (Y \ I).Finite) : ∃ J, I ⊆ J ∧ Maximal (fun K ↦ S.Independent K ∧ K ⊆ Y) J := by let F : Set (Set α) := {J | I ⊆ J ∧ S.Independent J ∧ J ⊆ Y} have hF : F.Finite := by apply ((hgap.finite_subsets).image (fun H ↦ I ∪ H)).subset intro J hJ refine ⟨J \ I, (fun x hx ↦ ⟨hJ.2.2 hx.1, hx.2⟩), ?_⟩ ext x simp only [Set.mem_union, Set.mem_sdiff] have := @hJ.1 x tauto obtain ⟨J, hJ, hmax⟩ := hF.exists_maximal ⟨I, Subset.rfl, hI, hIY⟩ refine ⟨J, hJ.1, ⟨hJ.2, ?_⟩⟩ intro K hK hJK exact hmax ⟨hJ.1.trans hJK, hK⟩ hJK lemma exists_maximal {I Y : Set α} (hI : S.Independent I) (hIY : I ⊆ Y) : ∃ J, I ⊆ J ∧ Maximal (fun K ↦ S.Independent K ∧ K ⊆ Y) J := by by_cases hgap : (Y \ I).Finite · exact S.exists_maximal_finite_gap hI hIY hgap obtain ⟨B, hB, hBI | ⟨hIB, hBY⟩ | hYB⟩ := S.intervals I Y hIY hgap · obtain ⟨B', hB', hIB'⟩ := hI have heq := S.antichain hB hB' (hBI.trans hIB') have hIB : I ⊆ B := heq ▸ hIB' exact ⟨B, hIB, S.maximal_of_base hB (hBI.trans hIY)⟩ · exact ⟨B, hIB, S.maximal_of_base hB hBY⟩ · refine ⟨Y, hIY, ⟨⟨⟨B, hB, hYB⟩, Subset.rfl⟩, ?_⟩⟩ exact fun _ h _ ↦ h.2 lemma exchange : Matroid.ExchangeProperty (· ∈ S.bases) := by intro B C hB hC e he have hn : ¬ C ⊆ B := by intro hCB have heq := S.antichain hC hB hCB exact he.2 (heq ▸ he.1) obtain ⟨f, hfC, hfB⟩ := Set.not_subset.mp hn exact ⟨f, ⟨hfC, hfB⟩, S.swap hB e he.1 f hfB⟩ noncomputable def matroid : Matroid α := Matroid.ofBase univ (· ∈ S.bases) S.nonempty S.exchange (fun _ _ _ hI hIY ↦ S.exists_maximal hI hIY) (fun _ _ ↦ subset_univ _) @[simp] lemma ground : S.matroid.E = univ := rfl @[simp] lemma isBase_iff (B : Set α) : S.matroid.IsBase B ↔ B ∈ S.bases := Iff.rfl @[simp] lemma indep_iff (I : Set α) : S.matroid.Indep I ↔ S.Independent I := Iff.rfl lemma self_dual : S.matroid.dual = S.matroid := by apply Matroid.ext_isBase Matroid.dual_ground intro B _ rw [Matroid.dual_isBase_iff, ground, ← Set.compl_eq_univ_sdiff, isBase_iff, isBase_iff] exact ⟨fun h ↦ by simpa using S.compl_closed h, fun h ↦ S.compl_closed h⟩ lemma insert_indep_of_not_base {I : Set α} (hI : S.matroid.Indep I) (hnot : ¬ S.matroid.IsBase I) (e : α) : S.matroid.Indep (insert e I) := by obtain ⟨B, hB, hIB⟩ := hI by_cases heB : e ∈ B · exact ⟨B, hB, Set.insert_subset heB hIB⟩ have hn : ¬ B ⊆ I := by intro hBI exact hnot ((Subset.antisymm hIB hBI) ▸ hB) obtain ⟨f, hfB, hfI⟩ := Set.not_subset.mp hn refine ⟨insert e (B \ {f}), S.swap hB f hfB e heB, ?_⟩ intro x hx rcases hx with rfl | hx · exact Set.mem_insert _ _ · right exact ⟨hIB hx, fun hxf ↦ hfI (Set.mem_singleton_iff.mp hxf ▸ hx)⟩ end BasisSystem end InfiniteMatroidCounterexample end end OAI