import Mathlib import OAI.Computability.DirectedFeedback.Games.EqualityFiber namespace OAI namespace DFVSGames.Theorem theorem exists_binaryGapReduction (ε δ : ℝ) (hε : 0 < ε) (_hεhalf : ε < 1 / 2) (hδ : 0 < δ) (_hδhalf : δ < 1 / 2) : Nonempty (Explicit.MachineOutputContract.BinaryGapReduction ε δ) := by obtain ⟨P⟩ := ParameterSelection.exists_outerParameters ε δ hε hδ obtain ⟨M⟩ := Decoder.MatrixGap.exists_parameters P.pStar P.pStar_pos exact ⟨FromMatrixGap.reduction P M⟩ end DFVSGames.Theorem namespace DFVSGames theorem theorem11 (ε δ : ℝ) (hε : 0 < ε) (hεhalf : ε < 1 / 2) (hδ : 0 < δ) (hδhalf : δ < 1 / 2) : Nonempty (Explicit.MachineOutputContract.BinaryGapReduction ε δ) := Theorem.exists_binaryGapReduction ε δ hε hεhalf hδ hδhalf end DFVSGames noncomputable section open scoped Classical namespace DirectedFeedback.BoundedExpr namespace Output def subst {r s : Nat} (ρ : Fin r → Expr s) : Output r → Output s | .nil => .nil | .bit b => .bit b | .nat e => .nat (e.subst ρ) | .append a b => .append (subst ρ a) (subst ρ b) | .loop b e => .loop (b.subst ρ) (subst (Fin.cons (.arg 0) (fun i => (ρ i).rename Fin.succ)) e) | .when t b => .when (t.subst ρ) (subst ρ b) theorem eval_subst {r s : Nat} (ρ : Fin r → Expr s) (e : Output r) (x : List Bool) (a : Fin s → Nat) : (e.subst ρ).eval x a = e.eval x (fun i => (ρ i).eval x a) := by induction e generalizing s with | nil => rfl | bit b => rfl | nat e => simp [subst,eval,Expr.eval_subst] | append a b iha ihb => simp [subst,eval,iha,ihb] | when t b ih => simp [subst,eval,ih,Expr.eval_subst] | loop b e ihe => simp only [subst,eval,Expr.eval_subst,ihe] congr 1 funext i congr 1 funext j refine Fin.cases ?_ (fun j => ?_) j · simp [Expr.eval] · simp [Expr.eval_rename,Function.comp_def] end Output def OutDef {r : Nat} (f : List Bool → (Fin r → Nat) → List Bool) : Prop := ∃ e : Output r, ∀ x a, e.eval x a=f x a namespace OutDef variable {r : Nat} {f g : List Bool → (Fin r → Nat) → List Bool} theorem congr (hf : OutDef f) (h : ∀ x a, f x a=g x a) : OutDef g := by obtain ⟨e,he⟩ := hf exact ⟨e,fun x a => (he x a).trans (h x a)⟩ theorem nil : OutDef (fun (_ : List Bool) (_ : Fin r → Nat) => []) := ⟨.nil,fun _ _ => rfl⟩ theorem bit (b : Bool) : OutDef (fun (_ : List Bool) (_ : Fin r → Nat) => [b]) := ⟨.bit b,fun _ _ => rfl⟩ theorem nat {f : List Bool → (Fin r → Nat) → Nat} (hf : Def f) : OutDef (fun x a => (List.replicate (f x a) true ++ [false])) := by obtain ⟨e,he⟩ := hf exact ⟨.nat e,by intro x a; simp only [Output.eval,he]⟩ theorem append (hf : OutDef f) (hg : OutDef g) : OutDef (fun x a => f x a++g x a) := by obtain ⟨e,he⟩ := hf; obtain ⟨d,hd⟩ := hg exact ⟨.append e d,by intro x a; simp only [Output.eval,he,hd]⟩ theorem const (bits : List Bool) : OutDef (fun (_ : List Bool) (_ : Fin r → Nat) => bits) := by induction bits with | nil => exact nil | cons b bs ih => simpa using (bit b).append ih theorem subst {s : Nat} (hf : OutDef f) (ρ : Fin r → List Bool → (Fin s → Nat) → Nat) (hρ : ∀ i, Def (ρ i)) : OutDef (fun x a => f x (fun i => ρ i x a)) := by choose terms hterms using hρ obtain ⟨e,he⟩ := hf refine ⟨e.subst terms,?_⟩ intro x a rw [Output.eval_subst] simpa only [hterms] using he x (fun i => ρ i x a) theorem rename {s : Nat} (hf : OutDef f) (ρ : Fin r → Fin s) : OutDef (fun x a => f x (a ∘ ρ)) := hf.subst (fun i _ a => a (ρ i)) (fun i => Def.arg (ρ i)) theorem loop {b : List Bool → (Fin r → Nat) → Nat} {e : List Bool → (Fin (r+1) → Nat) → List Bool} (hb : Def b) (he : OutDef e) : OutDef (fun x a => (List.range (b x a)).flatMap (fun i => e x (Fin.cons i a))) := by obtain ⟨b,hb⟩ := hb; obtain ⟨e,he⟩ := he exact ⟨.loop b e,by intro x a; simp only [Output.eval,hb,he]⟩ theorem when {p : List Bool → (Fin r → Nat) → Prop} (hp : PDef p) (hf : OutDef f) : OutDef (fun x a => if p x a then f x a else []) := by obtain ⟨t,ht⟩ := hp; obtain ⟨e,he⟩ := hf refine ⟨.when t e,?_⟩ intro x a simp only [Output.eval,ht,he] by_cases h : p x a <;> simp [h] theorem ite {p : List Bool → (Fin r → Nat) → Prop} (hp : PDef p) (hf : OutDef f) (hg : OutDef g) : OutDef (fun x a => if p x a then f x a else g x a) := by apply ((hf.when hp).append (hg.when hp.not)).congr intro x a by_cases h : p x a <;> simp [h] theorem flatMap {I : Type} (l : List I) (f : I → List Bool → (Fin r → Nat) → List Bool) (hf : ∀ i ∈ l, OutDef (f i)) : OutDef (fun x a => l.flatMap (fun i => f i x a)) := by induction l with | nil => exact nil | cons i l ih => exact (hf i (by simp)).append (ih (fun j hj => hf j (by simp [hj]))) theorem finiteBind {I : Type} [Fintype I] {i : List Bool → (Fin r → Nat) → I} (hi : FDef i) (f : I → List Bool → (Fin r → Nat) → List Bool) (hf : ∀ j, OutDef (f j)) : OutDef (fun x a => f (i x a) x a) := by have hh := flatMap (Finset.univ.toList) (fun j x a => if i x a=j then f j x a else []) (fun j _ => (hf j).when (hi j)) apply hh.congr intro x a have aux (l : List I) (hd : l.Nodup) (hm : i x a ∈ l) : l.flatMap (fun j => if i x a=j then f j x a else []) = f (i x a) x a := by induction l with | nil => simp at hm | cons j js ih => rw [List.flatMap_cons] rcases List.nodup_cons.mp hd with ⟨hnot,hd⟩ by_cases hj : i x a=j · subst j have hn : js.flatMap (fun j => if i x a=j then f j x a else []) = [] := by apply List.flatMap_eq_nil_iff.mpr intro k hk simp [show i x a≠k from fun h => hnot (h ▸ hk)] simp [hn] · simp only [hj,ite_false,List.nil_append] exact ih hd (by simpa [hj] using hm) exact aux _ (Finset.nodup_toList _) (by simp) end OutDef end DirectedFeedback.BoundedExpr end noncomputable section open scoped Classical namespace DirectedFeedback.BoundedExpr open DFVSGames.Foundations DFVSGames.Foundations.PCP DFVSGames.Foundations.Complexity namespace CNFPrinter abbrev Lit := Nat × Bool def literalBits (l : Lit) : List Bool := encodeWords [l.1,if l.2 then 1 else 0] def clauseBits (a b c : Lit) : List Bool := literalBits a ++ literalBits b ++ literalBits c def rawSplit : List Lit → List Nat → List Bool | [a,b,c], [] => clauseBits a b c | a::b::rest, y::ys => clauseBits a b (y,true) ++ rawSplit ((y,false)::rest) ys | _, _ => [] theorem rawSplit_eq {n : Nat} (ls : List (Target.Literal n)) (ys : List (Fin n)) : rawSplit (ls.map (fun l => (l.variableIndex.val,l.positive))) (ys.map Fin.val) = encodeWords ((VerifierToCNF.splitLong ls ys).flatMap clauseWords) := by induction ys generalizing ls with | nil => match ls with | [] => rfl | [_] => rfl | [_,_] => rfl | [a,b,c] => cases ha : a.positive <;> cases hb : b.positive <;> cases hc : c.positive <;> simp [rawSplit,VerifierToCNF.splitLong,clauseBits,literalBits,clauseWords,literalWords,encodeWords,ha,hb,hc] | _::_::_::_::_ => rfl | cons y ys ih => match ls with | [] => rfl | [_] => rfl | a::b::rest => simp only [List.map_cons,rawSplit,VerifierToCNF.splitLong,List.flatMap_cons,encodeWords_append] apply congrArg₂ List.append · cases ha : a.positive <;> cases hb : b.positive <;> simp [clauseBits,literalBits,clauseWords,literalWords,encodeWords,ha,hb] · simpa only [List.map_cons] using ih (⟨y,false⟩::rest) theorem literalBits_def {r : Nat} {n : List Bool → (Fin r → Nat) → Nat} (hn : Def n) (b : Bool) : OutDef (fun x a => literalBits (n x a,b)) := by apply ((OutDef.nat hn).append (OutDef.const (encodeWord (if b then 1 else 0)))).congr intro x a cases b <;> simp [literalBits,encodeWords,encodeWord] theorem clauseBits_def {r : Nat} {f g h : List Bool → (Fin r → Nat) → Nat} (hf : Def f) (hg : Def g) (hh : Def h) (a b c : Bool) : OutDef (fun x v => clauseBits (f x v,a) (g x v,b) (h x v,c)) := ((literalBits_def hf a).append (literalBits_def hg b)).append (literalBits_def hh c) theorem rawSplit_def {r : Nat} (ls : List ((List Bool → (Fin r → Nat) → Nat) × Bool)) (ys : List (List Bool → (Fin r → Nat) → Nat)) (hls : ∀ l ∈ ls, Def l.1) (hys : ∀ y ∈ ys, Def y) : OutDef (fun x a => rawSplit (ls.map (fun l => (l.1 x a,l.2))) (ys.map (fun y => y x a))) := by induction ys generalizing ls with | nil => match ls with | [] => exact OutDef.nil | [_] => exact OutDef.nil | [_,_] => exact OutDef.nil | [a,b,c] => exact clauseBits_def (hls a (by simp)) (hls b (by simp)) (hls c (by simp)) a.2 b.2 c.2 | _::_::_::_::_ => exact OutDef.nil | cons y ys ih => match ls with | [] => exact OutDef.nil | [_] => exact OutDef.nil | a::b::rest => have hy := hys y (by simp) have ht := ih ((y,false)::rest) (by intro c hc rcases List.mem_cons.mp hc with rfl | hc · exact hy · exact hls c (by simp [hc])) (fun z hz => hys z (by simp [hz])) simpa only [List.map_cons,rawSplit] using (clauseBits_def (hls a (by simp)) (hls b (by simp)) hy a.2 b.2 true).append ht structure Family (q : Nat) where verifier : List Bool → VerifierToCNF.FiniteVerifier q variables_def : Def (r:=0) (fun x _ => (verifier x).«variables») events_def : Def (r:=0) (fun x _ => (verifier x).events) query : Fin q → List Bool → Nat → Nat query_def : ∀ i, Def (r:=1) (fun x a => query i x (a 0)) query_correct : ∀ x e i, query i x e.val = ((verifier x).query e i).val accepts : VerifierToCNF.Pattern q → List Bool → Nat → Bool accepts_def : ∀ p, FDef (r:=1) (fun x a => accepts p x (a 0)) accepts_correct : ∀ x e p, accepts p x e.val = (verifier x).accepts e p namespace Family variable {q : Nat} (F : Family q) (hq : 3≤q) def blockBits (x : List Bool) (e : Nat) (p : VerifierToCNF.PatternIndex q) : List Bool := let bits := VerifierToCNF.patternAt q p if F.accepts bits x e then (List.replicate (q-2) (clauseBits (F.query ⟨0,by omega⟩ x e,true) (F.query ⟨0,by omega⟩ x e,false) (F.query ⟨0,by omega⟩ x e,true))).flatten else rawSplit ((List.ofFn (fun i => (F.query i x e,!(bits i))))) (List.ofFn (fun j : Fin (q-3) => (F.verifier x).«variables»+ ((e*(VerifierToCNF.patterns q).length+p.val)*(q-3)+j.val))) def eventBits (x : List Bool) (e : Nat) : List Bool := (List.finRange (VerifierToCNF.patterns q).length).flatMap (F.blockBits hq x e) def bits (x : List Bool) : List Bool := encodeWords [(F.verifier x).«variables»+(F.verifier x).events*(VerifierToCNF.patterns q).length*(q-3), (F.verifier x).events*(2^q*(q-2))] ++ (List.range (F.verifier x).events).flatMap (F.eventBits hq x) theorem blockBits_def (p : VerifierToCNF.PatternIndex q) : OutDef (r:=1) (fun x a => F.blockBits hq x (a 0) p) := by have hv := F.variables_def.rename (Fin.elim0 : Fin 0 → Fin 1) have hf (j : Fin (q-3)) : Def (r:=1) (fun x a => (F.verifier x).«variables»+ (((a 0)*(VerifierToCNF.patterns q).length+p.val)*(q-3)+j.val)) := hv.add ((((Def.arg 0).mul (Def.lit _)).add (Def.lit _)).mul (Def.lit _) |>.add (Def.lit _)) have hs := rawSplit_def (List.ofFn (fun i : Fin q => ((fun x (a : Fin 1 → Nat) => F.query i x (a 0)), !(VerifierToCNF.patternAt q p i)))) (List.ofFn (fun j : Fin (q-3) => fun x (a : Fin 1 → Nat) => (F.verifier x).«variables»+ (((a 0)*(VerifierToCNF.patterns q).length+p.val)*(q-3)+j.val))) (by intro l hl; obtain ⟨i,rfl⟩ := List.mem_ofFn.mp hl; exact F.query_def i) (by intro y hy; obtain ⟨j,rfl⟩ := List.mem_ofFn.mp hy; exact hf j) have ht := OutDef.flatMap (List.replicate (q-2) ()) (fun _ x (a : Fin 1 → Nat) => clauseBits (F.query ⟨0,by omega⟩ x (a 0),true) (F.query ⟨0,by omega⟩ x (a 0),false) (F.query ⟨0,by omega⟩ x (a 0),true)) (fun _ _ => clauseBits_def (F.query_def _) (F.query_def _) (F.query_def _) true false true) apply (OutDef.ite (F.accepts_def (VerifierToCNF.patternAt q p) |>.bool_true) ht hs).congr intro x a simp [blockBits,List.map_ofFn,List.flatMap_replicate,Function.comp_def] theorem eventBits_def : OutDef (r:=1) (fun x a => F.eventBits hq x (a 0)) := OutDef.flatMap _ (fun p x a => F.blockBits hq x (a 0) p) (fun p _ => F.blockBits_def hq p) theorem bits_def : OutDef (r:=0) (fun x _ => F.bits hq x) := by have hvars := F.variables_def.add ((F.events_def.mul (Def.lit (VerifierToCNF.patterns q).length)).mul (Def.lit (q-3))) have hclauses := F.events_def.mul (Def.lit (2^q*(q-2))) apply (((OutDef.nat hvars).append (OutDef.nat hclauses)).append (OutDef.loop F.events_def (F.eventBits_def hq))).congr intro x a simp [bits,encodeWords,encodeWord] end Family end CNFPrinter end DirectedFeedback.BoundedExpr end noncomputable section open scoped Classical namespace DirectedFeedback.BoundedExpr.CNFPrinter open DFVSGames.Foundations DFVSGames.Foundations.PCP DFVSGames.Foundations.Complexity theorem encodeWords_flatMap {I : Type} (l : List I) (f : I → List Nat) : encodeWords (l.flatMap f) = l.flatMap (fun i => encodeWords (f i)) := by induction l with | nil => rfl | cons i l ih => simp [ih] theorem map_finRange_val (n : Nat) : (List.finRange n).map Fin.val=List.range n := by apply List.ext_getElem · simp · intro i hi hj simp theorem range_flatMap {I : Type} {n : Nat} (f : Nat → List I) (g : Fin n → List I) (hg : ∀ i, f i.val=g i) : (List.range n).flatMap f=(List.finRange n).flatMap g := by rw [← map_finRange_val,List.flatMap_map] have he : (fun i : Fin n => f i.val)=g := funext hg rw [he] namespace Family variable {q : Nat} (F : Family q) (hq : 3≤q) theorem blockBits_correct (x : List Bool) (e : Fin (F.verifier x).events) (p : VerifierToCNF.PatternIndex q) : F.blockBits hq x e.val p = encodeWords ((VerifierToCNF.block (F.verifier x) hq e p).flatMap clauseWords) := by unfold blockBits VerifierToCNF.block dsimp only rw [F.accepts_correct x e] split · have he : clauseBits (F.query ⟨0,by omega⟩ x e.val,true) (F.query ⟨0,by omega⟩ x e.val,false) (F.query ⟨0,by omega⟩ x e.val,true) = encodeWords (clauseWords (VerifierToCNF.tautology (F.verifier x) hq e)) := by simp [F.query_correct,clauseBits,literalBits,clauseWords,literalWords, VerifierToCNF.tautology,VerifierToCNF.oldIndex,encodeWords] rw [encodeWords_flatMap,List.flatMap_replicate,← he] · rw [← rawSplit_eq] apply congrArg₂ rawSplit · simp only [VerifierToCNF.forbiddenClause,List.map_ofFn] congr 1 funext i simp [VerifierToCNF.liftLiteral,VerifierToCNF.forbiddenLiteral,VerifierToCNF.oldIndex,F.query_correct] · simp only [VerifierToCNF.auxiliaryNames,List.map_ofFn] congr 1 funext j exact (VerifierToCNF.freshIndex_value _ _ _ _).symm theorem eventBits_correct (x : List Bool) (e : Fin (F.verifier x).events) : F.eventBits hq x e.val = encodeWords ((VerifierToCNF.eventBlock (F.verifier x) hq e).flatMap clauseWords) := by simp only [eventBits,VerifierToCNF.eventBlock,List.flatMap_assoc,encodeWords_flatMap] congr 1 funext p simpa only [encodeWords_flatMap] using F.blockBits_correct hq x e p theorem bits_correct (x : List Bool) : F.bits hq x = formulaBits (VerifierToCNF.convert (F.verifier x) hq) := by unfold bits formulaBits formulaWords rw [encodeWords_append,VerifierToCNF.convert_clause_count] apply congrArg₂ List.append · rfl · change (List.range (F.verifier x).events).flatMap (F.eventBits hq x) = encodeWords (((List.finRange (F.verifier x).events).flatMap (VerifierToCNF.eventBlock (F.verifier x) hq)).flatMap clauseWords) rw [List.flatMap_assoc,encodeWords_flatMap] exact range_flatMap _ _ (F.eventBits_correct hq x) noncomputable def computation : Turing.TM2ComputableInPolyTime (id : List Bool → List Bool) formulaBits (fun x => VerifierToCNF.convert (F.verifier x) hq) := by let o := Classical.choose (F.bits_def hq) have ho : ∀ x, o.eval x Fin.elim0 = formulaBits (VerifierToCNF.convert (F.verifier x) hq) := by intro x exact (Classical.choose_spec (F.bits_def hq) x Fin.elim0).trans (F.bits_correct hq x) exact Output.realizes _ _ o ho theorem computation_finite (k : (F.computation hq).tm.K) : Finite ((F.computation hq).tm.Γ k) := by unfold computation exact Output.realizes_alphabet _ _ _ _ k end Family end DirectedFeedback.BoundedExpr.CNFPrinter end noncomputable section open scoped Classical BigOperators namespace DirectedFeedback.BoundedExpr.UnaryRead open DFVSGames.Foundations.Complexity def zerosBefore (x : List Bool) (i : Nat) : Nat := (x.take i).count false def word (x : List Bool) (j : Nat) : Nat := ∑ i ∈ Finset.range x.length, if x[i]?=some true ∧ zerosBefore x i=j then 1 else 0 theorem count_eq_sum {A : Type} [DecidableEq A] (l : List A) (b : A) : l.count b = ∑ i ∈ Finset.range l.length, if l[i]?=some b then 1 else 0 := by induction l with | nil => simp | cons a l ih => rw [List.length_cons,Finset.sum_range_succ'] simp only [List.getElem?_cons_zero,List.getElem?_cons_succ,Option.some.injEq] rw [← ih] by_cases h : a=b <;> simp [h] theorem zerosBefore_def {r : Nat} {i : List Bool → (Fin r → Nat) → Nat} (hi : Def i) : Def (fun x a => zerosBefore x (i x a)) := by have hb := (LDef.input (r:=r+1)).get (fun _ a => a 0) (Def.arg 0) apply ((hi.min Def.length).sum (hb (some false))).congr intro x a rw [zerosBefore,count_eq_sum,List.length_take] apply Finset.sum_congr rfl intro j hj have hj' : j < min (i x a) x.length := Finset.mem_range.mp hj simp [show j < i x a by omega] theorem word_def {r : Nat} {j : List Bool → (Fin r → Nat) → Nat} (hj : Def j) : Def (fun x a => word x (j x a)) := by have hz := zerosBefore_def (r:=r+1) (Def.arg 0) have hb := (LDef.input (r:=r+1)).get (fun _ a => a 0) (Def.arg 0) have hp := PDef.and (hb (some true) : PDef (fun x a => x[a 0]?=some true)) (PDef.nat_eq hz (hj.rename Fin.succ)) apply (Def.length.sum hp).congr intro x a simp only [word,Function.comp_def,Fin.cons_zero,Fin.cons_succ] @[simp] theorem word_nil (j : Nat) : word [] j=0 := by simp [word] theorem word_true (x : List Bool) (j : Nat) : word (true::x) j = (if j=0 then 1 else 0)+word x j := by rw [word,List.length_cons,Finset.sum_range_succ'] simp only [List.getElem?_cons_zero,List.getElem?_cons_succ,zerosBefore,List.take_zero, List.count_nil,true_and,List.take_succ_cons] simp [eq_comm,word,zerosBefore,Nat.add_comm] theorem word_false_zero (x : List Bool) : word (false::x) 0=0 := by rw [word,List.length_cons,Finset.sum_range_succ'] simp [zerosBefore] theorem word_false_succ (x : List Bool) (j : Nat) : word (false::x) (j+1)=word x j := by rw [word,List.length_cons,Finset.sum_range_succ'] simp only [zerosBefore,List.take_zero,List.count_nil,List.getElem?_cons_zero, Bool.false_eq_true,Option.some.injEq,false_and,↓reduceIte, List.getElem?_cons_succ,List.take_succ_cons,List.count_cons_self,Nat.add_right_cancel_iff] rfl theorem word_prefix_zero (n : Nat) (x : List Bool) : word (List.replicate n true ++ false::x) 0=n := by induction n with | zero => simp [word_false_zero] | succ n ih => simp [List.replicate_succ,word_true,ih,Nat.add_comm] theorem word_prefix_succ (n : Nat) (x : List Bool) (j : Nat) : word (List.replicate n true ++ false::x) (j+1)=word x j := by induction n with | zero => simp [word_false_succ] | succ n ih => simp [List.replicate_succ,word_true,ih] theorem word_encoded (ns : List Nat) (j : Nat) : word (encodeWords ns) j=ns[j]?.getD 0 := by induction ns generalizing j with | nil => simp [encodeWords] | cons n ns ih => cases j with | zero => simpa [encodeWords,encodeWord,List.append_assoc] using word_prefix_zero n (encodeWords ns) | succ j => simpa [encodeWords,encodeWord,List.append_assoc,ih] using word_prefix_succ n (encodeWords ns) j end DirectedFeedback.BoundedExpr.UnaryRead end end OAI