import OAI.Dynamics.StandardMap.EntropyEndpoint import OAI.Dynamics.StandardMap.Components.PowerAtomCycles import OAI.Dynamics.StandardMap.Bernoulli.RohlinSinaiFinite namespace OAI section section open MeasureTheory Set Filter namespace HyperbolicCoding variable {X : Type*} [MeasurableSpace X] def integerIterate (e : X ≃ᵐ X) (n : ℤ) (x : X) : X := (e.toEquiv^n) x @[simp] lemma integerIterate_zero (e : X ≃ᵐ X) (x : X) : integerIterate e 0 x=x := by simp only [integerIterate,zpow_zero,Equiv.Perm.one_apply] @[simp] lemma integerIterate_one (e : X ≃ᵐ X) (x : X) : integerIterate e 1 x=e x := by simp only [integerIterate,zpow_one,MeasurableEquiv.coe_toEquiv] lemma integerIterate_add (e : X ≃ᵐ X) (m n : ℤ) (x : X) : integerIterate e (m+n) x=integerIterate e m (integerIterate e n x) := by simp only [integerIterate,zpow_add,Equiv.Perm.coe_mul,Function.comp_apply] lemma integerIterate_succ (e : X ≃ᵐ X) (n : ℤ) (x : X) : integerIterate e (n+1) x=e (integerIterate e n x) := by rw [add_comm,integerIterate_add,integerIterate_one] lemma integerIterate_nat (e : X ≃ᵐ X) (n : ℕ) (x : X) : integerIterate e n x=e^[n] x := by simp only [integerIterate,zpow_natCast,Equiv.Perm.coe_pow,MeasurableEquiv.coe_toEquiv] lemma integerIterate_neg_nat (e : X ≃ᵐ X) (n : ℕ) (x : X) : integerIterate e (-(n : ℤ)) x=e.symm^[n] x := by simp only [integerIterate,zpow_neg,zpow_natCast,←inv_pow,Equiv.Perm.inv_def,Equiv.Perm.coe_pow] rfl lemma integerIterate_nat_fun (e : X ≃ᵐ X) (n : ℕ) : integerIterate e (n : ℤ)=e^[n] := funext (integerIterate_nat e n) lemma integerIterate_neg_nat_fun (e : X ≃ᵐ X) (n : ℕ) : integerIterate e (-(n : ℤ))=e.symm^[n] := funext (integerIterate_neg_nat e n) lemma integerIterate_measurable (e : X ≃ᵐ X) (n : ℤ) : Measurable (integerIterate e n) := by cases n with | ofNat m => simpa only [Int.ofNat_eq_natCast,integerIterate_nat_fun] using e.measurable.iterate m | negSucc m => have hn : Int.negSucc m= -((m+1 : ℕ) : ℤ) := by omega simpa only [hn,integerIterate_neg_nat_fun] using e.symm.measurable.iterate (m+1) lemma integerIterate_measurePreserving (e : X ≃ᵐ X) {μ : Measure X} (he : MeasurePreserving e μ μ) (n : ℤ) : MeasurePreserving (integerIterate e n) μ μ := by cases n with | ofNat m => simpa only [Int.ofNat_eq_natCast,integerIterate_nat_fun] using he.iterate m | negSucc m => have hn : Int.negSucc m= -((m+1 : ℕ) : ℤ) := by omega simpa only [hn,integerIterate_neg_nat_fun] using (he.symm e).iterate (m+1) def orbitName {A : Type*} (e : X ≃ᵐ X) (α : X → A) (x : X) : ℤ → A := fun n => α (integerIterate e n x) lemma measurable_orbitName {A : Type*} [MeasurableSpace A] (e : X ≃ᵐ X) {α : X → A} (hα : Measurable α) : Measurable (orbitName e α) := Measurable.of_eval (fun n => hα.comp (integerIterate_measurable e n)) lemma orbitName_shift {A : Type*} (e : X ≃ᵐ X) (α : X → A) (x : X) : orbitName e α (e x)=fun i => orbitName e α x (i+1) := by funext i simp only [orbitName,integerIterate_add,integerIterate_one] end HyperbolicCoding end section open MeasureTheory Set Filter namespace HyperbolicCoding variable {X A : Type*} [MeasurableSpace X] def iterateEquiv (e : X ≃ᵐ X) (n : ℕ) : X ≃ᵐ X where toEquiv := e.toEquiv^n measurable_toFun := by simpa only [Equiv.Perm.coe_pow,MeasurableEquiv.coe_toEquiv] using e.measurable.iterate n measurable_invFun := by change Measurable (⇑((e.toEquiv^n)⁻¹)) rw [←inv_pow,Equiv.Perm.inv_def,Equiv.Perm.coe_pow] exact e.symm.measurable.iterate n lemma iterateEquiv_apply (e : X ≃ᵐ X) (n : ℕ) (x : X) : iterateEquiv e n x=e^[n] x := by change ((e.toEquiv^n) x)=_ rw [Equiv.Perm.coe_pow] rfl lemma iterateEquiv_measurePreserving (e : X ≃ᵐ X) {μ : Measure X} (he : MeasurePreserving e μ μ) (n : ℕ) : MeasurePreserving (iterateEquiv e n) μ μ := by have hh : (iterateEquiv e n : X → X)=e^[n] := funext (iterateEquiv_apply e n) rw [hh] exact he.iterate n lemma integerIterate_iterateEquiv (e : X ≃ᵐ X) (n : ℕ) (i : ℤ) (x : X) : integerIterate (iterateEquiv e n) i x=integerIterate e ((n : ℤ)*i) x := by change ((e.toEquiv^n)^i) x=(e.toEquiv^((n : ℤ)*i)) x rw [←zpow_natCast,←zpow_mul] def blockObservation (e : X ≃ᵐ X) (α : X → A) (n : ℕ) (x : X) : Fin n → A := fun j => α (integerIterate e j.val x) lemma measurable_blockObservation [MeasurableSpace A] (e : X ≃ᵐ X) {α : X → A} (hα : Measurable α) (n : ℕ) : Measurable (blockObservation e α n) := Measurable.of_eval (fun j => hα.comp (integerIterate_measurable e j.val)) lemma grouped_orbitName (e : X ≃ᵐ X) (α : X → A) (n : ℕ) (x : X) (i : ℤ) (j : Fin n) : orbitName (iterateEquiv e n) (blockObservation e α n) x i j=orbitName e α x ((n : ℤ)*i+j.val) := by simp only [orbitName,blockObservation,integerIterate_iterateEquiv,←integerIterate_add] rw [add_comm] theorem grouped_names_separate (e : X ≃ᵐ X) (α : X → A) {n : ℕ} (hn : 0 fun i j => α i j z) ∧ ∀ M : ℕ,∀ E : Set Torus, TailEvent μ ((standardMap k)^[N]) (joinedBinary α M) E → (∀ᵐ x ∂μ,x∈E) ∨ (∀ᵐ x ∂μ,x∉E) := by obtain ⟨α,hm,hi,hc⟩ := R.exists_partitions_doubleTail_constant hN μ hπ let e := iterateEquiv (standardMap_measurableEquiv k) N have heq : (e : Torus → Torus)=(standardMap k)^[N] := funext (iterateEquiv_apply _ N) have heq' : (e.symm : Torus → Torus)=(inverseMap k)^[N] := funext (iterateEquiv_symm_apply _ N) have he : MeasurePreserving e μ μ := by rw [heq] simpa only [Function.iterate_one] using (herg 1 (by omega)).toMeasurePreserving refine ⟨α,hm,hi,?_⟩ intro M E hE have hα := measurable_joinedBinary hm M obtain ⟨C,hC⟩ := tailAtom_of_rectangle μ (B.carrierProbability.prod B.carrierProbability) e he (joinedBinary α M) hα hπ (by intro D hDf hDb rw [heq] at hDf rw [heq'] at hDb exact hc M D hDf hDb) rw [heq] at hC have hT : MeasurePreserving ((standardMap k)^[N]) μ μ := by rwa [heq] at he exact tail_trivial_of_atom hT hα herg hC E hE end ReversibleGraphRectangle end StandardMapEntropy end section namespace StandardMapEntropy open MeasureTheory MeasureTheory.Measure Set Filter Topology BoundedSubadditive open scoped ENNReal namespace ReversibleGraphRectangle variable {k χ : ℝ} {B : ReversibleRectangleBlock k χ} {F : ReversibleGraphFamilies B} (R : ReversibleGraphRectangle F) theorem powerAtoms_with_rectangle (hk : 0≤k) : ∃ P : PowerAtomFamily (standardMap_measurableEquiv k) area, (∀ n,QuasiMeasurePreserving R.torusPoint (B.carrierProbability.prod B.carrierProbability) (normalizedArea (P.atom n))) ∧ 0 ergodic_restrict_of_normalized (hp n) (hErg n) common := ⟨D,hDpos,fun n _ hx => (mem_iInter.mp hx.1) n⟩ } refine ⟨P,hπ,hDpos.trans_le (measure_mono ?_)⟩ intro x hx exact ⟨(mem_iInter.mp hx.1) 0,hx.2⟩ theorem exists_totally_ergodic_rectangle (hk : 0≤k) : ∃ (N : ℕ),0 R.torusPoint p∈E) hQ hrow hcol exact ⟨c,hc.mono (fun p hp => Iff.of_eq hp)⟩ theorem tail_trivial_of_good_names {N : ℕ} (hN : 0 fun i j => α i j z) ∧ ∀ M : ℕ,GoodNames μ ((standardMap k)^[N]) (joinedBinary α M) ∧ GoodNames μ ((inverseMap k)^[N]) (joinedBinary α M) ∧ (∀ E,TailEvent μ ((standardMap k)^[N]) (joinedBinary α M) E → (∀ᵐ x ∂μ,x∈E) ∨ (∀ᵐ x ∂μ,x∉E)) := by obtain ⟨α,hm,hi,hf,hb⟩ := exists_good_binary_partitions μ ((measurePreserving_standardMap k).measurable.iterate N) ((measurePreserving_inverseMap k).measurable.iterate N) refine ⟨α,hm,hi,?_⟩ intro M have hfM : GoodNames μ ((standardMap k)^[N]) (joinedBinary α M) := hf.mono (fun x hx y hy => hx y hy M) have hbM : GoodNames μ ((inverseMap k)^[N]) (joinedBinary α M) := hb.mono (fun x hx y hy => hx y hy M) exact ⟨hfM,hbM,R.tail_trivial_of_good_names hN μ herg hπ _ (measurable_joinedBinary hm M) hfM hbM⟩ end ReversibleGraphRectangle end StandardMapEntropy end section namespace HyperbolicCoding open MeasureTheory MeasureTheory.Measure Set Filter open scoped ENNReal Topology variable {X Y : Type*} [MeasurableSpace X] [MeasurableSpace Y] def LawClose (μ ν : Measure X) (ε : ℝ) : Prop := ∀ D : Set X,MeasurableSet D → |μ.real D-ν.real D|≤ε lemma LawClose.symm {μ ν : Measure X} {ε : ℝ} (h : LawClose μ ν ε) : LawClose ν μ ε := by intro D hD rw [abs_sub_comm] exact h D hD lemma LawClose.triangle {μ ν κ : Measure X} {ε δ : ℝ} (h : LawClose μ ν ε) (h' : LawClose ν κ δ) : LawClose μ κ (ε+δ) := by intro D hD exact (abs_sub_le (μ.real D) (ν.real D) (κ.real D)).trans (add_le_add (h D hD) (h' D hD)) lemma LawClose.map {μ ν : Measure X} {ε : ℝ} (h : LawClose μ ν ε) {f : X → Y} (hf : Measurable f) : LawClose (μ.map f) (ν.map f) ε := by intro D hD simp only [Measure.real,Measure.map_apply hf hD] exact h _ (hD.preimage hf) lemma real_prod_apply (μ : Measure X) (ν : Measure Y) [IsFiniteMeasure μ] [IsFiniteMeasure ν] {D : Set (X×Y)} (hD : MeasurableSet D) : (μ.prod ν).real D=∫ x,ν.real ((Prod.mk x) ⁻¹' D) ∂μ := by rw [Measure.real,Measure.prod_apply hD] exact (integral_toReal (measurable_measure_prodMk_left hD).aemeasurable (Filter.Eventually.of_forall (fun _ => measure_lt_top ν _))).symm lemma integrable_real_section (μ : Measure X) (ν : Measure Y) [IsFiniteMeasure μ] [IsProbabilityMeasure ν] {D : Set (X×Y)} (hD : MeasurableSet D) : Integrable (fun x => ν.real ((Prod.mk x) ⁻¹' D)) μ := by apply (integrable_const (1 : ℝ)).mono' (measurable_measure_prodMk_left hD).ennreal_toReal.aestronglyMeasurable exact Filter.Eventually.of_forall (fun x => by rw [Real.norm_eq_abs,abs_of_nonneg ENNReal.toReal_nonneg] exact measureReal_le_one) lemma LawClose.prod_same_left (μ : Measure X) [IsProbabilityMeasure μ] {ν η : Measure Y} [IsProbabilityMeasure ν] [IsProbabilityMeasure η] {ε : ℝ} (h : LawClose ν η ε) : LawClose (μ.prod ν) (μ.prod η) ε := by intro D hD rw [real_prod_apply μ ν hD,real_prod_apply μ η hD, ←integral_sub (integrable_real_section μ ν hD) (integrable_real_section μ η hD)] calc _≤∫ x,|ν.real ((Prod.mk x) ⁻¹' D)-η.real ((Prod.mk x) ⁻¹' D)| ∂μ := by simpa only [Real.norm_eq_abs] using (norm_integral_le_integral_norm (fun x => ν.real ((Prod.mk x) ⁻¹' D)-η.real ((Prod.mk x) ⁻¹' D))) _≤∫ _x : X,ε ∂μ := integral_mono_ae ((integrable_real_section μ ν hD).sub (integrable_real_section μ η hD)).abs (integrable_const ε) (Filter.Eventually.of_forall (fun x => h _ (hD.preimage measurable_prodMk_left))) _=ε := by simp lemma LawClose.prod_same_right {μ ν : Measure X} [IsProbabilityMeasure μ] [IsProbabilityMeasure ν] {ε : ℝ} (h : LawClose μ ν ε) (η : Measure Y) [IsProbabilityMeasure η] : LawClose (μ.prod η) (ν.prod η) ε := by simpa only [Measure.prod_swap] using (h.prod_same_left η).map measurable_swap lemma LawClose.prod {μ ν : Measure X} [IsProbabilityMeasure μ] [IsProbabilityMeasure ν] {η κ : Measure Y} [IsProbabilityMeasure η] [IsProbabilityMeasure κ] {ε δ : ℝ} (h : LawClose μ ν ε) (h' : LawClose η κ δ) : LawClose (μ.prod η) (ν.prod κ) (ε+δ) := (h.prod_same_right η).triangle (h'.prod_same_left ν) end HyperbolicCoding end section namespace HyperbolicCoding open Set Filter open scoped Topology variable {V : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup V] [InnerProductSpace ℝ V] [CompleteSpace V] theorem decreasing_projection_limit (K : ℕ → Submodule ℝ V) [∀ n,(K n).HasOrthogonalProjection] (hK : Antitone K) (hclosed : ∀ n,IsClosed (K n : Set V)) (f : V) : ∃ g : V,(∀ n,g∈K n) ∧ Tendsto (fun n => (K n).starProjection f) atTop (𝓝 g) := by let p (n : ℕ) : V := (K n).starProjection f have hid {n m : ℕ} (hnm : n ≤ m) : ‖p n-p m‖^2=‖p n‖^2-‖p m‖^2 := by have hcomp : (K m).starProjection (p n)=p m := by exact congrArg (fun L : V →L[ℝ] V => L f) (Submodule.starProjection_comp_starProjection_of_le (hK hnm)) have ho := Submodule.starProjection_inner_eq_zero (K := K m) (p n) (p m) ((K m).starProjection_apply_mem f) rw [hcomp,inner_sub_left,real_inner_self_eq_norm_sq] at ho rw [norm_sub_sq_real] linarith have hanti : Antitone (fun n => ‖p n‖^2) := by intro n m hnm have hh := hid hnm nlinarith [sq_nonneg ‖p n-p m‖] have ht := tendsto_atTop_ciInf hanti (show BddBelow (range (fun n => ‖p n‖^2)) from ⟨0,by rintro _ ⟨n,rfl⟩; exact sq_nonneg _⟩) have hc : CauchySeq p := by apply Metric.cauchySeq_iff'.mpr intro ε hε obtain ⟨N,hN⟩ := Metric.cauchySeq_iff'.mp ht.cauchySeq (ε^2) (sq_pos_of_pos hε) refine ⟨N,?_⟩ intro n hn have hn' := hN n hn rw [Real.dist_eq] at hn' have hab := (abs_sub_comm (‖p n‖^2) (‖p N‖^2)) ▸ hn' have hdiff : ‖p N-p n‖^2<ε^2 := by rw [hid hn] exact lt_of_le_of_lt (le_abs_self _) hab rw [dist_comm,dist_eq_norm] nlinarith [norm_nonneg (p N-p n)] obtain ⟨g,hg⟩ := cauchySeq_tendsto_of_complete hc refine ⟨g,?_,hg⟩ intro n exact (hclosed n).mem_of_tendsto hg ((eventually_ge_atTop n).mono (fun m hnm => hK hnm ((K m).starProjection_apply_mem f))) end HyperbolicCoding end end end OAI