import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.ContDiff.FiniteDimension import Mathlib.Analysis.Calculus.ContDiff.Operations import Mathlib.Analysis.Complex.Basic import Mathlib.Analysis.Normed.Module.FiniteDimension import Mathlib.Analysis.Normed.Operator.Banach import Mathlib.Geometry.Manifold.VectorBundle.Basic import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.Complex.FiniteDimensional import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.Dimension.Free import Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.FiniteDimensional.Lemmas import Mathlib.Topology.Homeomorph.Defs import Mathlib.Topology.VectorBundle.Basic namespace OAI noncomputable section /-! Smooth splittings, kernel charts, and realization of kernel bundles. -/ section open scoped ContDiff namespace Kaplansky.SmoothKernel section variable {V W : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup V] [NormedSpace ℂ V] [NormedAddCommGroup W] [NormedSpace ℂ W] /-- Right inverse on the open neighborhood where A R is invertible. -/ def localRightInverse (R : W →L[ℂ] V) (A : V →L[ℂ] W) : W →L[ℂ] V := R.comp (Ring.inverse (A.comp R)) def kernelProjection (R : W →L[ℂ] V) (A : V →L[ℂ] W) : V →L[ℂ] V := ContinuousLinearMap.id ℂ V - (localRightInverse R A).comp A def splitDomain (R : W →L[ℂ] V) : Set (V →L[ℂ] W) := {A | IsUnit (A.comp R)} theorem splitDomain_open [CompleteSpace W] (R : W →L[ℂ] V) : IsOpen (splitDomain R) := by change IsOpen ((fun A : V →L[ℂ] W => A.comp R) ⁻¹' {B : W →L[ℂ] W | IsUnit B}) exact Units.isOpen.preimage (continuous_id.clm_comp continuous_const) theorem localRightInverse_right (R : W →L[ℂ] V) (A : V →L[ℂ] W) (hA : A ∈ splitDomain R) (w : W) : A (localRightInverse R A w)=w := by exact congrArg (fun T : W →L[ℂ] W => T w) (Ring.mul_inverse_cancel (A.comp R) hA) theorem localRightInverse_on_range (R : W →L[ℂ] V) (A : V →L[ℂ] W) (hA : A ∈ splitDomain R) (w : W) : localRightInverse R A (A (R w))=R w := by have h := congrArg (fun T : W →L[ℂ] W => T w) (Ring.inverse_mul_cancel (A.comp R) hA) exact congrArg R h theorem kernelProjection_mem (R : W →L[ℂ] V) (A : V →L[ℂ] W) (hA : A ∈ splitDomain R) (v : V) : A (kernelProjection R A v)=0 := by change A (v-localRightInverse R A (A v))=0 rw [map_sub,localRightInverse_right R A hA,sub_self] theorem kernelProjection_fix (R : W →L[ℂ] V) (A : V →L[ℂ] W) (v : V) (hv : A v=0) : kernelProjection R A v=v := by change v-localRightInverse R A (A v)=v rw [hv,map_zero,sub_zero] theorem kernelProjection_kill (R : W →L[ℂ] V) (A : V →L[ℂ] W) (hA : A ∈ splitDomain R) (w : W) : kernelProjection R A (R w)=0 := by change R w-localRightInverse R A (A (R w))=0 rw [localRightInverse_on_range R A hA,sub_self] theorem kernelProjection_absorb (R : W →L[ℂ] V) (A B : V →L[ℂ] W) (hA : A ∈ splitDomain R) (v : V) : kernelProjection R A (kernelProjection R B v)=kernelProjection R A v := by change kernelProjection R A (v-R (Ring.inverse (B.comp R) (B v)))=_ rw [map_sub,kernelProjection_kill R A hA,sub_zero] /-- Explicit linear identification of the actual kernels throughout the split neighborhood. Both maps are restrictions of the constructed projections. -/ def kernelEquiv (R : W →L[ℂ] V) (L A : V →L[ℂ] W) (hL : L ∈ splitDomain R) (hA : A ∈ splitDomain R) : LinearMap.ker L.toLinearMap ≃ₗ[ℂ] LinearMap.ker A.toLinearMap where toFun v := ⟨kernelProjection R A v.val,kernelProjection_mem R A hA v.val⟩ invFun v := ⟨kernelProjection R L v.val,kernelProjection_mem R L hL v.val⟩ left_inv v := by apply Subtype.ext exact (kernelProjection_absorb R L A hL v.val).trans (kernelProjection_fix R L v.val v.property) right_inv v := by apply Subtype.ext exact (kernelProjection_absorb R A L hA v.val).trans (kernelProjection_fix R A v.val v.property) map_add' v w := by apply Subtype.ext; exact map_add _ _ _ map_smul' c v := by apply Subtype.ext; exact map_smul _ _ _ variable [CompleteSpace W] theorem localRightInverse_smooth (R : W →L[ℂ] V) (A : V →L[ℂ] W) (hA : A ∈ splitDomain R) : ContDiffAt ℂ ∞ (localRightInverse R) A := by obtain ⟨u,hu⟩ := hA have hi : ContDiffAt ℂ ∞ Ring.inverse (A.comp R) := by rw [← hu] exact contDiffAt_ringInverse ℂ u exact contDiffAt_const.clm_comp (hi.comp A (contDiffAt_id.clm_comp contDiffAt_const)) theorem kernelProjection_smooth (R : W →L[ℂ] V) (A : V →L[ℂ] W) (hA : A ∈ splitDomain R) : ContDiffAt ℂ ∞ (kernelProjection R) A := contDiffAt_const.sub ((localRightInverse_smooth R A hA).clm_comp contDiffAt_id) theorem kernelProjection_apply_smooth (R : W →L[ℂ] V) (A : V →L[ℂ] W) (hA : A ∈ splitDomain R) (v : V) : ContDiffAt ℂ ∞ (fun p : (V →L[ℂ] W) × V => kernelProjection R p.1 p.2) (A,v) := ((kernelProjection_smooth R A hA).comp (A,v) contDiffAt_fst).clm_apply contDiffAt_snd end variable {V W : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup V] [NormedSpace ℂ V] [NormedAddCommGroup W] [NormedSpace ℂ W] [CompleteSpace W] def kernelRetraction (R : W →L[ℂ] V) (L : V →L[ℂ] W) (hL : L ∈ splitDomain R) : V →L[ℂ] LinearMap.ker L.toLinearMap := (kernelProjection R L).codRestrict _ (kernelProjection_mem R L hL) abbrev SplitBase (R : W →L[ℂ] V) := {A : V →L[ℂ] W // A ∈ splitDomain R} /-- The actual incidence subset, with the topology induced from parameters and V. -/ abbrev SplitIncidence (R : W →L[ℂ] V) := {p : SplitBase R × V // p.1.val p.2=0} /-- A homeomorphism over the parameter base between the actual local kernel incidence space and the product with one fixed kernel. -/ def kernelChartHomeomorph (R : W →L[ℂ] V) (L : V →L[ℂ] W) (hL : L ∈ splitDomain R) : SplitIncidence R ≃ₜ SplitBase R × LinearMap.ker L.toLinearMap where toFun p := (p.val.1, kernelRetraction R L hL p.val.2) invFun p := ⟨(p.1,kernelProjection R p.1.val p.2.val),kernelProjection_mem R _ p.1.property _⟩ left_inv p := by apply Subtype.ext apply Prod.ext · rfl · exact (kernelProjection_absorb R p.val.1.val L p.val.1.property p.val.2).trans (kernelProjection_fix R _ _ p.property) right_inv p := by apply Prod.ext · rfl · apply Subtype.ext exact (kernelProjection_absorb R L p.1.val hL p.2.val).trans (kernelProjection_fix R L p.2.val p.2.property) continuous_toFun := (continuous_fst.comp continuous_subtype_val).prodMk ((kernelRetraction R L hL).continuous.comp (continuous_snd.comp continuous_subtype_val)) continuous_invFun := by have hc : Continuous (fun A : SplitBase R => kernelProjection R A.val) := by apply continuous_iff_continuousAt.mpr intro A exact (kernelProjection_smooth R A.val A.property).continuousAt.comp continuous_subtype_val.continuousAt exact (continuous_fst.prodMk ((hc.comp continuous_fst).clm_apply (continuous_subtype_val.comp continuous_snd))).subtype_mk _ /-- The fiber coordinate transition really is projection onto the second fixed kernel after reconstruction in the varying kernel. -/ def kernelCoordinateChange (R R' : W →L[ℂ] V) (L L' : V →L[ℂ] W) (hL' : L' ∈ splitDomain R') (A : V →L[ℂ] W) : LinearMap.ker L.toLinearMap →L[ℂ] LinearMap.ker L'.toLinearMap := (kernelRetraction R' L' hL').comp ((kernelProjection R A).comp (LinearMap.ker L.toLinearMap).subtypeL) theorem kernelCoordinateChange_smooth (R R' : W →L[ℂ] V) (L L' : V →L[ℂ] W) (hL' : L' ∈ splitDomain R') (A : V →L[ℂ] W) (hA : A ∈ splitDomain R) : ContDiffAt ℂ ∞ (kernelCoordinateChange R R' L L' hL') A := contDiffAt_const.clm_comp ((kernelProjection_smooth R A hA).clm_comp contDiffAt_const) theorem kernelCoordinateChange_smooth_real (R R' : W →L[ℂ] V) (L L' : V →L[ℂ] W) (hL' : L' ∈ splitDomain R') (A : V →L[ℂ] W) (hA : A ∈ splitDomain R) : ContDiffAt ℝ ∞ (kernelCoordinateChange R R' L L' hL') A := (kernelCoordinateChange_smooth R R' L L' hL' A hA).restrict_scalars ℝ end Kaplansky.SmoothKernel end namespace Kaplansky.SmoothKernel variable {B V W : Type*} [TopologicalSpace B] [NormedAddCommGroup V] [NormedSpace ℂ V] [FiniteDimensional ℂ V] [NormedAddCommGroup W] [NormedSpace ℂ W] [FiniteDimensional ℂ W] abbrev KernelModel (V W : Type*) [NormedAddCommGroup V] [NormedSpace ℂ V] [NormedAddCommGroup W] [NormedSpace ℂ W] := Fin (Module.finrank ℂ V-Module.finrank ℂ W) → ℂ /-- Ordinary continuous, surjective linear families. No kernel bundle is part of the input: the following construction supplies it. -/ structure SurjectiveFamily (B V W : Type*) [TopologicalSpace B] [NormedAddCommGroup V] [NormedSpace ℂ V] [NormedAddCommGroup W] [NormedSpace ℂ W] where map : B → V →L[ℂ] W continuous : Continuous map surjective : ∀ b, Function.Surjective (map b) local instance : CompleteSpace W := FiniteDimensional.complete ℂ W namespace SurjectiveFamily variable (A : SurjectiveFamily B V W) def rightInverse (b : B) : W →L[ℂ] V := ((A.map b).toLinearMap.exists_rightInverse_of_surjective (LinearMap.range_eq_top.mpr (A.surjective b))).choose.toContinuousLinearMap omit [FiniteDimensional ℂ V] in theorem rightInverse_spec (b : B) : (A.map b).comp (A.rightInverse b)=1 := by apply ContinuousLinearMap.ext intro w exact congrArg (fun T : W →ₗ[ℂ] W => T w) ((A.map b).toLinearMap.exists_rightInverse_of_surjective (LinearMap.range_eq_top.mpr (A.surjective b))).choose_spec omit [FiniteDimensional ℂ V] in theorem center_mem (b : B) : A.map b ∈ splitDomain (A.rightInverse b) := by change IsUnit ((A.map b).comp (A.rightInverse b)) rw [A.rightInverse_spec] exact isUnit_one omit [FiniteDimensional ℂ W] in theorem kernel_finrank (b : B) : Module.finrank ℂ (LinearMap.ker (A.map b).toLinearMap)= Module.finrank ℂ V-Module.finrank ℂ W := by have h := (A.map b).toLinearMap.finrank_range_add_finrank_ker rw [LinearMap.range_eq_top.mpr (A.surjective b),finrank_top] at h omega def modelEquiv (b : B) : KernelModel V W ≃L[ℂ] LinearMap.ker (A.map b).toLinearMap := ((FiniteDimensional.nonempty_linearEquiv_iff_finrank_eq (R := ℂ) (M := KernelModel V W) (M' := LinearMap.ker (A.map b).toLinearMap)).mpr (by simp [KernelModel,A.kernel_finrank])).some.toContinuousLinearEquiv def baseSet (i : B) : Set B := {b | A.map b ∈ splitDomain (A.rightInverse i)} omit [FiniteDimensional ℂ V] in theorem baseSet_open (i : B) : IsOpen (A.baseSet i) := (splitDomain_open (A.rightInverse i)).preimage A.continuous def toModel (i : B) : V →L[ℂ] KernelModel V W := (A.modelEquiv i).symm.toContinuousLinearMap.comp (kernelRetraction (A.rightInverse i) (A.map i) (A.center_mem i)) def fromModel (i b : B) : KernelModel V W →L[ℂ] V := (kernelProjection (A.rightInverse i) (A.map b)).comp (((LinearMap.ker (A.map i).toLinearMap).subtypeL).comp (A.modelEquiv i).toContinuousLinearMap) theorem fromModel_mem (i b : B) (hb : b ∈ A.baseSet i) (z : KernelModel V W) : A.map b (A.fromModel i b z)=0 := kernelProjection_mem (A.rightInverse i) (A.map b) hb _ theorem toModel_fromModel (i b : B) (z : KernelModel V W) : A.toModel i (A.fromModel i b z)=z := by change (A.modelEquiv i).symm ⟨kernelProjection (A.rightInverse i) (A.map i) (kernelProjection (A.rightInverse i) (A.map b) (A.modelEquiv i z).val),_⟩=z have h := kernelProjection_absorb (A.rightInverse i) (A.map i) (A.map b) (A.center_mem i) (A.modelEquiv i z).val have hf := kernelProjection_fix (A.rightInverse i) (A.map i) (A.modelEquiv i z).val (A.modelEquiv i z).property have he : (⟨kernelProjection (A.rightInverse i) (A.map i) (kernelProjection (A.rightInverse i) (A.map b) (A.modelEquiv i z).val), kernelProjection_mem _ _ (A.center_mem i) _⟩ : LinearMap.ker (A.map i).toLinearMap)= A.modelEquiv i z := Subtype.ext (h.trans hf) rw [he,(A.modelEquiv i).symm_apply_apply] theorem fromModel_toModel (i b : B) (hb : b ∈ A.baseSet i) (v : V) (hv : A.map b v=0) : A.fromModel i b (A.toModel i v)=v := by change kernelProjection (A.rightInverse i) (A.map b) (A.modelEquiv i ((A.modelEquiv i).symm (kernelRetraction _ _ _ v))).val=v rw [(A.modelEquiv i).apply_symm_apply] exact (kernelProjection_absorb (A.rightInverse i) (A.map b) (A.map i) hb v).trans (kernelProjection_fix _ _ v hv) def transition (i j b : B) : KernelModel V W →L[ℂ] KernelModel V W := (A.toModel j).comp (A.fromModel i b) theorem transition_self (i b : B) (z : KernelModel V W) : A.transition i i b z=z := A.toModel_fromModel i b z theorem transition_comp (i j k b : B) (hi : b ∈ A.baseSet i) (hj : b ∈ A.baseSet j) (z : KernelModel V W) : A.transition j k b (A.transition i j b z)=A.transition i k b z := by change A.toModel k (A.fromModel j b (A.toModel j (A.fromModel i b z)))=_ rw [A.fromModel_toModel j b hj _ (A.fromModel_mem i b hi z)] rfl theorem continuousOn_fromModel (i : B) : ContinuousOn (A.fromModel i) (A.baseSet i) := by intro b hb exact (((kernelProjection_smooth (A.rightInverse i) (A.map b) hb).continuousAt.comp A.continuous.continuousAt).clm_comp continuousAt_const).continuousWithinAt /-- The kernel bundle core has the actual rank dim(V)-dim(W), with local transitions constructed from the family and its right inverses. -/ def core : VectorBundleCore ℂ B (KernelModel V W) B where baseSet := A.baseSet isOpen_baseSet := A.baseSet_open indexAt b := b mem_baseSet_at b := A.center_mem b coordChange := A.transition coordChange_self i b _ z := A.transition_self i b z continuousOn_coordChange i j := (continuousOn_const (c := A.toModel j)).clm_comp ((A.continuousOn_fromModel i).mono Set.inter_subset_left) coordChange_comp i j k b hb z := A.transition_comp i j k b hb.1.1 hb.1.2 z /-- Every constructed fiber is linearly identified with the actual kernel. -/ def fiberEquiv (b : B) : A.core.Fiber b ≃ₗ[ℂ] LinearMap.ker (A.map b).toLinearMap := (A.modelEquiv b).toLinearEquiv end SurjectiveFamily end Kaplansky.SmoothKernel section open scoped ContDiff Manifold namespace Kaplansky.SmoothKernel.SurjectiveFamily variable {B V W : Type*} [TopologicalSpace B] [NormedAddCommGroup V] [NormedSpace ℂ V] [FiniteDimensional ℂ V] [NormedAddCommGroup W] [NormedSpace ℂ W] [FiniteDimensional ℂ W] local instance : CompleteSpace W := FiniteDimensional.complete ℂ W variable (A : SurjectiveFamily B V W) def realCore : VectorBundleCore ℝ B (KernelModel V W) B where baseSet := A.baseSet isOpen_baseSet := A.baseSet_open indexAt b := b mem_baseSet_at b := A.center_mem b coordChange i j b := (A.transition i j b).restrictScalars ℝ coordChange_self i b _ z := A.transition_self i b z continuousOn_coordChange i j := (ContinuousLinearMap.restrictScalarsL ℂ (KernelModel V W) (KernelModel V W) ℝ ℝ).continuous.comp_continuousOn ((continuousOn_const (c := A.toModel j)).clm_comp ((A.continuousOn_fromModel i).mono Set.inter_subset_left)) coordChange_comp i j k b hb z := A.transition_comp i j k b hb.1.1 hb.1.2 z instance realFiberComplexModule (b : B) : Module ℂ (A.realCore.Fiber b) := inferInstanceAs (Module ℂ (KernelModel V W)) def realFiberEquiv (b : B) : A.realCore.Fiber b ≃ₗ[ℂ] LinearMap.ker (A.map b).toLinearMap := (A.modelEquiv b).toLinearEquiv omit [FiniteDimensional ℂ V] [FiniteDimensional ℂ W] in theorem kernel_model_real_finrank : Module.finrank ℝ (KernelModel V W)= 2*(Module.finrank ℂ V-Module.finrank ℂ W) := by rw [finrank_real_of_complex] simp [KernelModel] variable {X : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup X] [NormedSpace ℝ X] variable (D : SurjectiveFamily X V W) theorem transition_contDiffAt (hD : ContDiff ℝ ∞ D.map) (i j x : X) (hx : x ∈ D.baseSet i) : ContDiffAt ℝ ∞ (D.transition i j) x := by have hc : ContDiff ℂ ∞ (fun P : V →L[ℂ] V => (D.toModel j).comp (P.comp (((LinearMap.ker (D.map i).toLinearMap).subtypeL).comp (D.modelEquiv i).toContinuousLinearMap))) := contDiff_const.clm_comp (contDiff_id.clm_comp contDiff_const) exact (hc.restrict_scalars ℝ).contDiffAt.comp x (((kernelProjection_smooth (D.rightInverse i) (D.map x) hx).restrict_scalars ℝ).comp x hD.contDiffAt) /-- A genuinely smooth kernel bundle, derived from smoothness and surjectivity of the original family. Smoothness of the kernel bundle is not an assumption. -/ theorem realCore_isContMDiff (hD : ContDiff ℝ ∞ D.map) : D.realCore.IsContMDiff 𝓘(ℝ,X) ∞ where contMDiffOn_coordChange i j := by apply ContDiffOn.contMDiffOn intro x hx exact ((ContinuousLinearMap.restrictScalarsL ℂ (KernelModel V W) (KernelModel V W) ℝ ℝ).contDiff.contDiffAt.comp x (D.transition_contDiffAt hD i j x hx.1)).contDiffWithinAt end Kaplansky.SmoothKernel.SurjectiveFamily end open Topology Bundle namespace Kaplansky.SmoothKernel.SurjectiveFamily variable {B V W : Type*} [TopologicalSpace B] [NormedAddCommGroup V] [NormedSpace ℂ V] [FiniteDimensional ℂ V] [NormedAddCommGroup W] [NormedSpace ℂ W] [FiniteDimensional ℂ W] local instance : CompleteSpace W := FiniteDimensional.complete ℂ W variable (A : SurjectiveFamily B V W) theorem fromModel_center (b : B) (z : KernelModel V W) : A.fromModel b b z=(A.modelEquiv b z).val := kernelProjection_fix _ _ _ (A.modelEquiv b z).property abbrev IncidenceTotal := {z : B × V // A.map z.1 z.2=0} def realization (z : TotalSpace (KernelModel V W) A.realCore.Fiber) : V := (A.realFiberEquiv z.proj z.2).val theorem realization_chart (b : B) (z : A.realCore.Fiber b) (i : B) (hi : b ∈ A.baseSet i) : (A.realFiberEquiv b z).val=A.fromModel i b ((A.realCore.localTriv i ⟨b,z⟩).2) := by change KernelModel V W at z change (A.modelEquiv b z).val=A.fromModel i b (A.toModel i (A.fromModel b b z)) rw [A.fromModel_center,A.fromModel_toModel i b hi _ (A.modelEquiv b z).property] theorem continuous_realization : Continuous A.realization := by apply continuous_iff_continuousAt.mpr intro z let C := A.realCore let i := z.proj have hi : z.proj ∈ A.baseSet i := A.center_mem z.proj have hp : Continuous (π (KernelModel V W) C.Fiber) := FiberBundle.continuous_proj _ _ have hx : z ∈ (C.localTriv i).source := (C.localTriv i).mem_source.mpr hi have hc := ((C.localTriv i).continuousAt hx).snd have hf := ((A.continuousOn_fromModel i z.proj hi).continuousAt ((A.baseSet_open i).mem_nhds hi)).comp hp.continuousAt apply (hf.clm_apply hc).congr_of_eventuallyEq filter_upwards [hp.continuousAt ((A.baseSet_open i).mem_nhds hi)] with w hw exact A.realization_chart w.proj w.2 i hw def toIncidence (z : TotalSpace (KernelModel V W) A.realCore.Fiber) : A.IncidenceTotal := ⟨(z.proj,A.realization z),(A.realFiberEquiv z.proj z.2).property⟩ def fromIncidence (z : A.IncidenceTotal) : TotalSpace (KernelModel V W) A.realCore.Fiber := ⟨z.val.1,(A.realFiberEquiv z.val.1).symm ⟨z.val.2,z.property⟩⟩ theorem fromIncidence_chart (z : A.IncidenceTotal) (i : B) : ((A.realCore.localTriv i) (A.fromIncidence z)).2=A.toModel i z.val.2 := by change A.toModel i (A.fromModel z.val.1 z.val.1 ((A.modelEquiv z.val.1).symm ⟨z.val.2,z.property⟩))=_ rw [A.fromModel_center,(A.modelEquiv z.val.1).apply_symm_apply] theorem continuous_fromIncidence : Continuous A.fromIncidence := by apply continuous_iff_continuousAt.mpr intro z rw [FiberBundle.continuousAt_totalSpace] have hp : Continuous (fun z : A.IncidenceTotal => z.val.1) := continuous_subtype_val.fst refine ⟨hp.continuousAt,?_⟩ let i := z.val.1 have hc : ContinuousAt (fun w : A.IncidenceTotal => A.toModel i w.val.2) z := (A.toModel i).continuous.continuousAt.comp continuous_subtype_val.snd.continuousAt exact hc.congr (Filter.Eventually.of_forall (fun w => (A.fromIncidence_chart w i).symm)) /-- The constructed smooth real bundle realizes the exact complex kernel incidence subset, including its ambient subspace topology. -/ def incidenceHomeomorph : TotalSpace (KernelModel V W) A.realCore.Fiber ≃ₜ A.IncidenceTotal where toFun := A.toIncidence invFun := A.fromIncidence left_inv z := by rcases z with ⟨b,v⟩ change (⟨b,(A.realFiberEquiv b).symm (A.realFiberEquiv b v)⟩ : TotalSpace (KernelModel V W) A.realCore.Fiber)=⟨b,v⟩ rw [LinearEquiv.symm_apply_apply] right_inv z := by apply Subtype.ext apply Prod.ext · rfl · exact congrArg Subtype.val ((A.realFiberEquiv z.val.1).apply_symm_apply ⟨z.val.2,z.property⟩) continuous_toFun := (FiberBundle.continuous_proj _ _).prodMk A.continuous_realization |>.subtype_mk _ continuous_invFun := A.continuous_fromIncidence end Kaplansky.SmoothKernel.SurjectiveFamily end end OAI