{"contexts": ["Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t theo t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng. Thung l\u0169ng Fergana ph\u00eda t\u00e2y nam thu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3u kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t n\u00f3ng v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi 40 \u00b0C (104 \u00b0F.) C\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3i ph\u00eda b\u1eafc thu\u1ed9c kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u00f4n ho\u00e0 v\u00e0 Tian Shan t\u1eeb ki\u1ec3u kh\u00ed h\u1eadu l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00f4 t\u1edbi kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u1ef1c, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed9 cao. T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng l\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1edf m\u1ee9c d\u01b0\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng trong kho\u1ea3ng 40 ng\u00e0y m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng sa m\u1ea1c c\u00f2n c\u00f3 tuy\u1ebft r\u01a1i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y.", "Kyrgyzstan l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong hai trong s\u1ed1 n\u0103m n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a thu\u1ed9c Li\u00ean X\u00f4 c\u0169 \u1edf Trung \u00c1 c\u00f2n gi\u1eef ti\u1ebfng Nga l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c (ti\u1ebfng Kazakh l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kia). N\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 th\u00eam ti\u1ebfng Kyrgyz \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 hai ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1991. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nga sinh s\u1ed1ng \u1edf Kyrgyzstan r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a m\u1edbi, trong m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nh\u1eb1m tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u ch\u1ea5t x\u00e1m. Ti\u1ebfng Kyrgyz l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Turk v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng k\u00fd t\u1ef1 \u1ea2 R\u1eadp cho \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX. K\u00fd t\u1ef1 Latinh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn n\u0103m 1928, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1edfi k\u00fd t\u1ef1 Kirin n\u0103m 1941.", "N\u00f3i chung, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Nga, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng xa x\u00f4i h\u1ebbo l\u00e1nh. Ti\u1ebfng Nga l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a \u0111a s\u1ed1 d\u00e2n c\u01b0 Bishkek, v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y. Cho t\u1edbi g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, ti\u1ebfng Kyrgyz v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i gia \u0111\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 hi\u1ebfm khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 hay c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Kyrgyz, v\u1edbi phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Kyrgyz.", "V\u1eadn t\u1ea3i Kyrgyzstan \u1edf t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng k\u00e9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00ec ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y ngo\u1eb1n ngh\u00e8o theo c\u00e1c thung l\u0169ng, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u00e8o c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 cao t\u1edbi 3.000 m\u00e9t (9.000 feet) ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb l\u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t hay l\u1edf tuy\u1ebft. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1 v\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111i l\u1ea1i \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng xa x\u00f4i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 cao l\u1edbn. Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9, c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u1eddi X\u00f4 vi\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi th\u1eddi gian ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua khi ch\u00fang c\u00f2n \u1edf t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd r\u1eb1ng ng\u1ef1a v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nhi\u1ec1u, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng, b\u1edfi n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u.", "\u0110\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u00e0 trai l\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu Elisabeth v\u00e0 Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec7 phi Augusta, d\u00ec v\u00e0 m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a Friedrich. H\u1ecd tuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u1eb7p \u0111\u00f4i ho\u00e0ng gia b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eebng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 trong tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i v\u00e0 l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi Victoria c\u00f9ng Friedrich. Ho\u00e0ng th\u00e2n Albert do \u0111\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u00e0 Hohenzollern r\u1eb1ng con g\u00e1i \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai t\u00ec n\u1eef ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh c\u00f9ng tu\u1ed5i v\u1edbi b\u00e0. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ecb b\u00e1c b\u1ecf, nh\u01b0ng theo th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn, Victoria nh\u1eadn hai t\u00ec n\u1eef ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c: N\u1eef B\u00e1 t\u01b0\u1edbc Walburga von Hohenthal v\u00e0 Marie zu Lynar. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Ho\u00e0ng th\u00e2n Albert \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng khi s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp Ernst Alfred Christian von Stockmar, con trai c\u1ee7a Nam t\u01b0\u1edbc von Stockmar b\u1ea1n \u00f4ng, l\u00e0m th\u01b0 k\u00ed ri\u00eang cho con g\u00e1i \u00f4ng.Tin t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebf v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u00e0ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Anh s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ho\u00e0ng t\u1ed9c Hohenzollern coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vinh d\u1ef1, Ho\u00e0ng phu Albert kh\u0103ng kh\u0103ng \u0111\u00f2i con g\u00e1i \u00f4ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i danh hi\u1ec7u C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Ho\u00e0ng gia sau \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ed1ng Anh v\u00e0 th\u00e2n Nga c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Berlin, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng th\u00eam t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh.C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 n\u01a1i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ec5 c\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch. V\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nh\u00e0 Hohenzollern, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd cho r\u1eb1ng l\u1ec5 c\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb vua t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Berlin. Tuy nhi\u00ean, N\u1eef ho\u00e0ng Victoria nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng con g\u00e1i b\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i k\u1ebft h\u00f4n \u1edf Anh, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, b\u00e0 gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng. \u0110\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Victoria v\u00e0 Friedrich di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ea1i Nh\u00e0 nguy\u1ec7n Ho\u00e0ng gia thu\u1ed9c Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n St. James thu\u1ed9c Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n, ng\u00e0y 25 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1858.", "Ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi 17 tu\u1ed5i, Victoria ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ebb nh\u1ea1t. V\u00e0o m\u1ed7i t\u1ed1i, b\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong b\u1eefa c\u01a1m, \u0111i xem nh\u1ea1c k\u1ecbch hay tham d\u1ef1 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng. Khi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Hohenzollerns c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf Berlin hay Potsdam, b\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ef1c l\u1ef1c h\u01a1n. C\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4i khi b\u00e0 bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3n kh\u00e1ch t\u1ea1i ga ho\u00e0ng gia l\u00fac 7 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1 c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i ti\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1eeda \u0111\u00eam.Ngay sau ng\u00e0y Viktoria \u0111\u1ebfn Berlin, Vua Friedrich Wilhelm IV \u0111\u00e3 trao cho Friedrich v\u00e0 v\u1ee3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 c\u0169 thu\u1ed9c Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u00e0ng gia Berlin. Ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 r\u1ea5t thi\u1ebfu ti\u1ec7n nghi v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ed3n t\u1eafm. Hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn Kronprinzenpalais v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1858. M\u00f9a h\u00e8, h\u1ecd s\u1ed1ng \u1edf Neues Palais.", "H\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau ng\u00e0y c\u01b0\u1edbi, ng\u00e0y 27 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1859, Victoria h\u1ea1 sinh ng\u01b0\u1eddi con \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, v\u1ecb ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf \u0110\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, Wilhelm II. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 khi b\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1edf d\u1ea1 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ecf ra do d\u1ef1 khi kh\u00e1m m\u1ea1ch cho c\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng, khi \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 m\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o n\u1ec9 ng\u1ee7. \u0110\u1ee9a b\u00e9 b\u1ecb l\u1ed9n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea7n ch\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 m\u1eb9 l\u1eabn con.Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 hai. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ee9a b\u00e9 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh \u1edf c\u00e1nh tay. Khi ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed l\u1edbn l\u00ean, c\u00e1nh tay \u1ea5y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0o l\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, tay tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a Wilhelm ng\u1eafn \u0111i t\u1edbi 15 cm so v\u1edbi tay ph\u1ea3i. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng suy \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c Viktoria ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ef1c l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn thai nhi b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng, g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ea7n kinh v\u1ec1 sau n\u00e0y.C\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng tr\u1ea5n an Viktoria v\u00e0 Friedrich, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ee9a b\u00e9 s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec lo ng\u1ea1i. Cho n\u00ean, c\u1eb7p \u0111\u00f4i ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Wilhelm v\u1edbi v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00ecnh Anh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, sau m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u00e1nh tay c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i, Victoria quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00e1o tin bu\u1ed3n n\u00e0y cho song th\u00e2n bi\u1ebft. May m\u1eafn cho C\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u00e0 h\u1ea1 sinh \u0111\u1ee9a con th\u1ee9 hai, Charlotte, ch\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi ng\u00e0y 24 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1860, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n g\u00ec n\u1eefa.", "Ng\u00e0y 2 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1861, Nh\u00e0 vua Friedrich Wilhelm IV kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con n\u1ed1i, Ho\u00e0ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec7 (nhi\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb 1858), l\u00ean k\u1ebf th\u1eeba ho\u00e0ng v\u1ecb, x\u01b0ng l\u00e0 Vua Wilhelm I. Friedrich \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5n phong l\u00e0m Ho\u00e0ng th\u00e1i t\u1eed nh\u01b0ng v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng trong tri\u1ec1u c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng l\u00ean bao nhi\u00eau: ph\u1ee5 ho\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i t\u0103ng ti\u1ec1n ph\u1ee5 c\u1ea5p, v\u00e0 Th\u00e1i t\u1eed phi Viktoria v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 trang tr\u1ea3i cho cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh. Trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 g\u1eedi cho Nam t\u01b0\u1edbc Storkmar, Ho\u00e0ng phu Albert \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y:", "Sau chi\u1ebfn tranh Schleswig, \u0110\u1ee9c tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi k\u00ec h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i. Theo C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc Gastein, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai ph\u00eda \u00c1o-Ph\u1ed5 k\u00ed ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1865, \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh c\u0169 c\u1ee7a \u0110an M\u1ea1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c chia \u0111\u1ea5t nhanh ch\u00f3ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn gi\u1eefa hai c\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ed3ng minh. Ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1866, Ph\u1ed5 chi\u1ebfm Holstein, v\u1ed1n do \u00c1o qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, Vienna \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Frankfurt v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh bang c\u00f9ng kh\u00e1ng Ph\u1ed5, s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 6.L\u1ea5y c\u1edb \u00c1o t\u1ef1 \u00fd \u0111\u1ed9ng binh, Ph\u1ed5 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 Li\u00ean bang \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 xua qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm Saxon, Hanover v\u00e0 Hesse-Kassel, m\u1edf ra c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Chi\u1ebfn tranh \u00c1o-Ph\u1ed5. Trong tr\u1eadn K\u00f6niggr\u00e4tz (3 th\u00e1ng 7, 1866), c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1i t\u1eed Friedrich, \u00c1o th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 v\u00e0 bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, v\u1edbi H\u00f2a ngh\u1ecb Prague (23 th\u00e1ng 8, 1866), \u00c1o r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi Li\u00ean minh \u0110\u1ee9c. Schleswig-Holstein, Hanover, Hesse-Kassel, v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng qu\u1ed1c Nassau c\u00f9ng Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Frankfurt s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o Ph\u1ed5.Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ed5 t\u1ea1i K\u00f6niggr\u00e4tz, Bismarck y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i chi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tranh c\u00e3i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ngh\u1ecb s\u0129. Friedrich \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Li\u00ean bang B\u1eafc \u0110\u1ee9c, g\u1ed3m Ph\u1ed5 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh bang \u0110\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c, v\u00ec \u00f4ng th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Li\u00ean bang kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1i t\u1eed. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 do d\u00e2n b\u1ea7u, Reichstag kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh ch\u00faa \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 trao nhi\u1ec1u quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c cho Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Bismarck. Kh\u00f4ng h\u0103ng h\u00e1i nh\u01b0 ch\u1ed3ng, Viktoria nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y Li\u00ean bang B\u1eafc \u0110\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ed5 m\u00e0 b\u00e0 gh\u00e9t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u00e0 v\u1eabn hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi v\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do s\u1ebd l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.", "Sau chi\u1ebfn tranh Schleswig, \u0110\u1ee9c tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi k\u00ec h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i. Theo C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc Gastein, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai ph\u00eda \u00c1o-Ph\u1ed5 k\u00ed ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1865, \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh c\u0169 c\u1ee7a \u0110an M\u1ea1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c chia \u0111\u1ea5t nhanh ch\u00f3ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn gi\u1eefa hai c\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ed3ng minh. Ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1866, Ph\u1ed5 chi\u1ebfm Holstein, v\u1ed1n do \u00c1o qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, Vienna \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Frankfurt v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh bang c\u00f9ng kh\u00e1ng Ph\u1ed5, s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 6.L\u1ea5y c\u1edb \u00c1o t\u1ef1 \u00fd \u0111\u1ed9ng binh, Ph\u1ed5 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 Li\u00ean bang \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 xua qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm Saxon, Hanover v\u00e0 Hesse-Kassel, m\u1edf ra c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Chi\u1ebfn tranh \u00c1o-Ph\u1ed5. Trong tr\u1eadn K\u00f6niggr\u00e4tz (3 th\u00e1ng 7, 1866), c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1i t\u1eed Friedrich, \u00c1o th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 v\u00e0 bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, v\u1edbi H\u00f2a ngh\u1ecb Prague (23 th\u00e1ng 8, 1866), \u00c1o r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi Li\u00ean minh \u0110\u1ee9c. Schleswig-Holstein, Hanover, Hesse-Kassel, v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng qu\u1ed1c Nassau c\u00f9ng Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Frankfurt s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o Ph\u1ed5.Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ed5 t\u1ea1i K\u00f6niggr\u00e4tz, Bismarck y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i chi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tranh c\u00e3i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ngh\u1ecb s\u0129. Friedrich \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Li\u00ean bang B\u1eafc \u0110\u1ee9c, g\u1ed3m Ph\u1ed5 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh bang \u0110\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c, v\u00ec \u00f4ng th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Li\u00ean bang kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1i t\u1eed. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 do d\u00e2n b\u1ea7u, Reichstag kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh ch\u00faa \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 trao nhi\u1ec1u quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c cho Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Bismarck. Kh\u00f4ng h\u0103ng h\u00e1i nh\u01b0 ch\u1ed3ng, Viktoria nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y Li\u00ean bang B\u1eafc \u0110\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ed5 m\u00e0 b\u00e0 gh\u00e9t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u00e0 v\u1eabn hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi v\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do s\u1ebd l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.", "M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn phong Nguy\u00ean so\u00e1i l\u1ee5c qu\u00e2n sau nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1860, Friedrich kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ch\u1ec9 huy n\u00e0o trong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i sau Chi\u1ebfn tranh Ph\u00e1p-Ph\u1ed5. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng con trai \u00f4ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng cho Friedrich tham gia c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00ec cho r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \"qu\u00e1 th\u00e2n Anh\". Ho\u00e0ng th\u00e1i t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m \"Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 V\u0103n h\u00f3a ho\u00e0ng gia\", nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 khi\u1ebfn v\u1ee3 \u00f4ng r\u1ea5t ph\u1ea5n kh\u00edch. Theo l\u1eddi d\u1eb7n c\u1ee7a cha, Viktoria ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c sau khi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ee9c: b\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Goethe, Lessing, Heine v\u00e0 Stuart Mill v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u00f9ng ch\u1ed3ng tri\u1ec7u ki\u1ebfn h\u1ecd. Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Gustav Freytag l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Gustav zu Putlitz \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m qu\u1ea3n gia cho Friedrich trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian. M\u1eb7c cho s\u1ef1 ph\u1eabn n\u1ed9 t\u1eeb th\u00e2n m\u1eabu, Vikcky t\u1ecf ra h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa v\u1edbi Thuy\u1ebft Ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Darwin c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t Anh Lyell. Nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Wilhelm Julius Foerster ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m \u0110\u00e0i Thi\u00ean v\u0103n Berlin Observatory v\u00e0 d\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u thi\u00ean v\u0103n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng V\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ee9c. Mu\u1ed1n hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft th\u00eam v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Karl Marx v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ch\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn salon c\u1ee7a N\u1eef B\u00e1 t\u01b0\u1edbc Marie von Schleinitz, m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 h\u1ecdp m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i Bismarck.Kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi, Viktoria v\u00e0 Friedrich b\u00e1c b\u1ecf Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a b\u00e0i Do Th\u00e1i. Trong b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 g\u1eedi cho m\u1eabu th\u00e2n, Th\u00e1i t\u1eed phi ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 b\u00e0i lu\u1eadn v\u0103n Das Judenthum in der Musik c\u1ee7a Richard Wagner, th\u1ee9 b\u00e0 cho l\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u00fd b\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng. V\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n Friedrich, \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n phong tr\u00e0o b\u00e0i Do Th\u00e1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u lan r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1880. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1880 - 1881, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Phong tr\u00e0o ''V\u00f6lkisch'' nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 M\u1ee5c s\u01b0 Adolf Stoecker v\u00e0 s\u1eed gia Heinrich von Treitschke, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c k\u00ed v\u00e0o \u0111\u01a1n th\u1ec9nh nguy\u1ec7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ea5m nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 Do Th\u00e1i, c\u1ea5m ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i n\u1eafm gi\u1eef c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean \u1edf c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u1ea5m h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u cho \u00e2m m\u01b0uu cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a v\u00f6lkisch l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i \u1edf \u0110\u1ee9c. C\u1ea3 Stoecker v\u00e0 Treitschke r\u1ea5t n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ecdng v\u1ecdng \u1edf \u0110\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch b\u00e0i Do Th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd thu h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u0129 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u s\u0129 quan qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u1ed5, sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 trong tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng Th\u00e1i t\u1eed phi l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9ng ra ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u phe B\u00e0i Do Th\u00e1i, vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \"Treitschke v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a h\u1eafn l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u0111i\u00ean cu\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t\". Trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 kh\u00e1c, Viktoria vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0 x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e0 \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng v\u00ec Stoecker v\u00e0 Treitschke \"c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed th\u00f9 h\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c, kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee9c tin \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu (v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t) c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fang t\u00f4i!\". Viktoria c\u00f9ng ch\u1ed3ng, m\u1eb7c trang ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Nguy\u00ean so\u00e1i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u1ed5, tham gia m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u1edf Berlin n\u0103m 1880 \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda b\u1edfi th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 Viktoria g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \"\u00f4 nh\u1ee5c\" c\u1ee7a Treitschke. N\u0103m 1881, v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng Th\u00e1i t\u1eed tham d\u1ef1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u1edf Wiesbaden \"\u0111\u1ec3 minh ch\u1ee9ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta\" khi Reichstag b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u00ea b\u00e0i x\u00edch Do Th\u00e1i. M\u1eabu th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1i t\u1eed phi, N\u1eef ho\u00e0ng Victoria t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o v\u1ec1 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a con g\u00e1i v\u00e0 con r\u1ec3 nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch v\u00f6lkisch, b\u00e0 g\u1eedi th\u01b0 cho Friedrich n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \"Ta r\u1ea5t vui v\u00ec con ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng nh\u01b0 c\u1eadu, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean v\u00ec quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i. T\u1ea1i hai \u0111i\u1ec7n Kronprinzenpalais v\u00e0 Neues Palais \u1edf Potsdam, v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng Th\u00e1i t\u1eed ti\u1ebfp nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch, bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh t\u1eeb Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf v\u00e0 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh. Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 b\u00e1c s\u0129 Hermann von Helmholtz v\u00e0 Rudolf Virchow, tri\u1ebft gia Eduard Zeller v\u00e0 s\u1eed gia Hans Delbr\u00fcck. V\u1ecb Nguy\u00ean so\u00e1i c\u00f3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng b\u00e0i Do Th\u00e1i Alfred von Waldersee c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 Friedrich tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Vua v\u00e0 Viktoria l\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu, b\u00e8n l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Ho\u00e0ng t\u00f4n; b\u1eaft Victoria tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea3o Anh v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed s\u1ebd x\u1eed t\u1eed b\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c; ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng trong Reichstag; v\u00e0 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p, \u00c1o v\u00e0 Nga. Ch\u1ec9 khi Friedrich ch\u1ebft s\u1edbm v\u00ec b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau khi l\u00ean ng\u00f4i Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf n\u0103m 1888 m\u1edbi ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a Waldersee.", "M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn phong Nguy\u00ean so\u00e1i l\u1ee5c qu\u00e2n sau nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1860, Friedrich kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ch\u1ec9 huy n\u00e0o trong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i sau Chi\u1ebfn tranh Ph\u00e1p-Ph\u1ed5. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng con trai \u00f4ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng cho Friedrich tham gia c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00ec cho r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \"qu\u00e1 th\u00e2n Anh\". Ho\u00e0ng th\u00e1i t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m \"Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 V\u0103n h\u00f3a ho\u00e0ng gia\", nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 khi\u1ebfn v\u1ee3 \u00f4ng r\u1ea5t ph\u1ea5n kh\u00edch. Theo l\u1eddi d\u1eb7n c\u1ee7a cha, Viktoria ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c sau khi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ee9c: b\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Goethe, Lessing, Heine v\u00e0 Stuart Mill v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u00f9ng ch\u1ed3ng tri\u1ec7u ki\u1ebfn h\u1ecd. Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Gustav Freytag l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Gustav zu Putlitz \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m qu\u1ea3n gia cho Friedrich trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian. M\u1eb7c cho s\u1ef1 ph\u1eabn n\u1ed9 t\u1eeb th\u00e2n m\u1eabu, Vikcky t\u1ecf ra h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa v\u1edbi Thuy\u1ebft Ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Darwin c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t Anh Lyell. Nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Wilhelm Julius Foerster ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m \u0110\u00e0i Thi\u00ean v\u0103n Berlin Observatory v\u00e0 d\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u thi\u00ean v\u0103n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng V\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ee9c. Mu\u1ed1n hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft th\u00eam v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Karl Marx v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ch\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn salon c\u1ee7a N\u1eef B\u00e1 t\u01b0\u1edbc Marie von Schleinitz, m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 h\u1ecdp m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i Bismarck.Kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi, Viktoria v\u00e0 Friedrich b\u00e1c b\u1ecf Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a b\u00e0i Do Th\u00e1i. Trong b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 g\u1eedi cho m\u1eabu th\u00e2n, Th\u00e1i t\u1eed phi ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 b\u00e0i lu\u1eadn v\u0103n Das Judenthum in der Musik c\u1ee7a Richard Wagner, th\u1ee9 b\u00e0 cho l\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u00fd b\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng. V\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n Friedrich, \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n phong tr\u00e0o b\u00e0i Do Th\u00e1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u lan r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1880. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1880 - 1881, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Phong tr\u00e0o ''V\u00f6lkisch'' nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 M\u1ee5c s\u01b0 Adolf Stoecker v\u00e0 s\u1eed gia Heinrich von Treitschke, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c k\u00ed v\u00e0o \u0111\u01a1n th\u1ec9nh nguy\u1ec7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ea5m nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 Do Th\u00e1i, c\u1ea5m ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i n\u1eafm gi\u1eef c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean \u1edf c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u1ea5m h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u cho \u00e2m m\u01b0uu cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a v\u00f6lkisch l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i \u1edf \u0110\u1ee9c. C\u1ea3 Stoecker v\u00e0 Treitschke r\u1ea5t n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ecdng v\u1ecdng \u1edf \u0110\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch b\u00e0i Do Th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd thu h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u0129 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u s\u0129 quan qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u1ed5, sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 trong tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng Th\u00e1i t\u1eed phi l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9ng ra ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u phe B\u00e0i Do Th\u00e1i, vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \"Treitschke v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a h\u1eafn l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u0111i\u00ean cu\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t\". Trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 kh\u00e1c, Viktoria vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0 x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e0 \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng v\u00ec Stoecker v\u00e0 Treitschke \"c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed th\u00f9 h\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c, kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee9c tin \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu (v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t) c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fang t\u00f4i!\". Viktoria c\u00f9ng ch\u1ed3ng, m\u1eb7c trang ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Nguy\u00ean so\u00e1i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u1ed5, tham gia m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u1edf Berlin n\u0103m 1880 \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda b\u1edfi th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 Viktoria g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \"\u00f4 nh\u1ee5c\" c\u1ee7a Treitschke. N\u0103m 1881, v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng Th\u00e1i t\u1eed tham d\u1ef1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u1edf Wiesbaden \"\u0111\u1ec3 minh ch\u1ee9ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta\" khi Reichstag b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u00ea b\u00e0i x\u00edch Do Th\u00e1i. M\u1eabu th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1i t\u1eed phi, N\u1eef ho\u00e0ng Victoria t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o v\u1ec1 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a con g\u00e1i v\u00e0 con r\u1ec3 nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch v\u00f6lkisch, b\u00e0 g\u1eedi th\u01b0 cho Friedrich n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \"Ta r\u1ea5t vui v\u00ec con ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng nh\u01b0 c\u1eadu, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean v\u00ec quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i. T\u1ea1i hai \u0111i\u1ec7n Kronprinzenpalais v\u00e0 Neues Palais \u1edf Potsdam, v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng Th\u00e1i t\u1eed ti\u1ebfp nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch, bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh t\u1eeb Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf v\u00e0 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh. Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 b\u00e1c s\u0129 Hermann von Helmholtz v\u00e0 Rudolf Virchow, tri\u1ebft gia Eduard Zeller v\u00e0 s\u1eed gia Hans Delbr\u00fcck. V\u1ecb Nguy\u00ean so\u00e1i c\u00f3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng b\u00e0i Do Th\u00e1i Alfred von Waldersee c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 Friedrich tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Vua v\u00e0 Viktoria l\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu, b\u00e8n l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Ho\u00e0ng t\u00f4n; b\u1eaft Victoria tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea3o Anh v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed s\u1ebd x\u1eed t\u1eed b\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c; ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng trong Reichstag; v\u00e0 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p, \u00c1o v\u00e0 Nga. Ch\u1ec9 khi Friedrich ch\u1ebft s\u1edbm v\u00ec b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau khi l\u00ean ng\u00f4i Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf n\u0103m 1888 m\u1edbi ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a Waldersee.", "N\u0103m 1887, s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua 90 tu\u1ed5i Wilhelm I y\u1ebfu \u0111i nhanh ch\u00f3ng, v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y th\u00e1i t\u1eed k\u1ebf v\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 s\u1eafp \u0111\u1ebf. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Th\u00e1i t\u1eed c\u0169ng l\u00e2m b\u1ec7nh. S\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7, c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n \u00f4ng b\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 thanh qu\u1ea3n. Bermann nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y cu\u1ed9c ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng t\u1ed1t do c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f2n kh\u1ecfe. D\u00f9 Th\u00e1i t\u1eed phi kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 \"con dao ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdng y\u00eau d\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y\", v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng Th\u00e1i t\u1eed \u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng 5. Nh\u01b0ng do m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 v\u1eady mang nguy c\u01a1 t\u1eed vong r\u1ea5t cao trong th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ed9i \u00fd m\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh l\u00e0 Morell Mackenzie, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta cho r\u1eb1ng b\u1ec7nh t\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129, Friedrich c\u00f9ng v\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea1i Anh tham d\u1ef1 L\u1ec5 k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a N\u1eef ho\u00e0ng Victoria v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1887. Trong chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i n\u00e0y, c\u1eb7p \u0111\u00f4i b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn L\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i Windsor ba chi\u1ebfc h\u1ed9p ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh xa \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Bismarck v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 Hohenzollerns. Lu\u00f4n mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i Th\u00e1i t\u1eed, v\u1ecb Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u00ednh k\u1ebf ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i Viktoria. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n gia Hugo von Radolinski v\u00e0 h\u1ecda s\u0129 G\u00f6tz de Seckendorff, \u00f4ng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i Th\u00e1i t\u1eed phi.", "V\u00ec s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe th\u00e1i t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o, Mackenzie khuy\u00ean \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u00dd \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb. Friedrich v\u00e0 Viktoria \u0111\u1ebfn San Remo v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1887, khi\u1ebfn Berlin ph\u1eabn n\u1ed9 v\u00ec, d\u00f9 s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf \u0111ang x\u1ea5u \u0111i m\u00e0 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i kinh th\u00e0nh. \u0110\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 11, Friedrich ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00f3i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Victoria tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn San Remo \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m th\u00eam. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n l\u00e0 \u00f4ng b\u1ecb kh\u1ed1i u \u00e1c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u00e1o b\u1ecf thanh qu\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng Ho\u00e0ng th\u00e1i t\u1eed t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i. Viktoria \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ch\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3, g\u00e2y ra cu\u1ed9c tranh c\u00e3i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng gi\u1eefa b\u00e0 v\u1edbi con trai Wilhelm, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u00dd v\u00e0 c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c m\u1eb9 m\u00ecnh \u0111ang m\u00e3n nguy\u1ec7n khi th\u1ea5y Friedrich b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh.\u1ede Berlin, Wilhelm I ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh t\u00ecnh h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1 th\u00eam m\u1ea5y th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gi\u00e1 b\u0103ng ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1888. Con trai \u00f4ng n\u1ed1i ng\u00f4i Vua c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ed5 v\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf \u0110\u1ee9c v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebf hi\u1ec7u Friedrich III.", "Th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1889, C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Sophie, con g\u00e1i \u00e1p ch\u00f3t c\u1ee7a Viktoria, k\u1ebft h\u00f4n v\u1edbi Konstantinous I c\u1ee7a Hy L\u1ea1p, v\u00e0 r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi nh\u00e0 m\u1eb9. N\u0103m sau, C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Viktoria, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n hi v\u1ecdng g\u00ec v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1edbi Alexander c\u1ee7a Bulgaria, ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn k\u1ebft h\u00f4n v\u1edbi Ho\u00e0ng th\u00e2n Adolf x\u1ee9 Schaumburg-Lippe, t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai l\u00e0 Nhi\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i C\u00f4ng qu\u1ed1c Lippe. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, n\u0103m 1893, C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Margarethe c\u01b0\u1edbi Ho\u00e0ng th\u00e2n Friedrich Karl x\u1ee9 Hesse, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m 1918 t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n l\u00e0m Vua c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea7n Lan. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00f4n l\u1ec5 ng\u00e0y, Ho\u00e0ng th\u00e1i h\u1eadu ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed9c h\u01a1n sau khi c\u00e1c con g\u00e1i d\u1ea7n ra \u0111i.", "Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m n\u00e0y, Viktoria \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ebd tranh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m khu thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a Kronberg, n\u01a1i b\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 h\u1ecda s\u0129 Norbert Schr\u00f6dl. Trong m\u1ea5y n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi b\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen \u0111i b\u1ed9 v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch trong th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i.Cu\u1ed1i 1898, b\u00e1c s\u0129 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n Th\u00e1i h\u1eadu b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1eabu thu\u00e2t, bu\u1ed9c b\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean gi\u01b0\u1eddng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. B\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0 di c\u0103n sang c\u1ed9t s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o m\u00f9a thu n\u0103m 1900, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y lo l\u1eafng n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y m\u00ecnh ra \u0111i nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 (trong \u0111\u00f3 b\u00e0 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf n\u1ed7i lo v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u0110\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb v\u00ec c\u1ee7a con b\u00e0) s\u1ebd r\u01a1i v\u00e0o tay ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf, b\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mang v\u1ec1 Anh qua ng\u01b0\u1eddi trung gian l\u00e0 con \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 Frederick Ponsonby, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u01b0 k\u00ed ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a em trai b\u00e0 t\u1ee9c vua Edward VII, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i th\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecb \u0111au \u1ed1m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i ng\u00e0y 23 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1901. Nh\u1eefng l\u00e1 th\u01b0 n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ponsonby bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n th\u00e0nh s\u00e1ch n\u0103m 1928.", "S\u00e2n bay  Pozna\u0144-\u0141awica (IATA: POZ, ICAO: EPPO) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u00e2n bay \u1edf Ba Lan. S\u00e2n bay n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u0103m 1913, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng s\u00e2n bay s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t Ba Lan. S\u00e2n bay n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m c\u00e1ch trung t\u00e2m Pozna\u0144 7 km v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y.", "Oni l\u1ea5y b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2032 b\u1ecb ch\u00ecm \u0111\u1eafm trong s\u1ef1 lo\u1ea1n l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c nh\u1ecf h\u1eb9p. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1t nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c duy nh\u1ea5t g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Li\u00ean Minh Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (World Coalition Government). Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf, v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7m Ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng T\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao (Technological Crimes Task Force) vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 TCTF, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00e0y tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean (wilderness preserves) v\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch li \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n. Nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh, v\u1edbi m\u00e3 danh Konoko (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed3ng ti\u1ebfng b\u1edfi Amanda Winn-Lee), sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft v\u1edbi t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0 Mai Hasegawa, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong game d\u01b0\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cho TCTF. D\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n, c\u00f4 nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111ang ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang gi\u1ea5u gi\u1ebfm b\u00ed m\u1eadt v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4. C\u00f4 quay l\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u lao v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh t\u00ecm l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh Konoko trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi TCTF v\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m nghi\u1ec7p \u0111o\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi Syndicate. Trong h\u1ed3i cao tr\u00e0o nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a game, Konoko kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra m\u1ed9t \u00e2m m\u01b0u c\u1ee7a Syndicate l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho Trung t\u00e2m Chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a Kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n (Atmospheric Conversion Centers), nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1ed1i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n c\u1ee7a g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ph\u00e1t n\u1ed5 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ea3m kh\u1ed1c. Konoko \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u00e2m m\u01b0u \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.", "Oni l\u1ea5y b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2032 b\u1ecb ch\u00ecm \u0111\u1eafm trong s\u1ef1 lo\u1ea1n l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c nh\u1ecf h\u1eb9p. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1t nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c duy nh\u1ea5t g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Li\u00ean Minh Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (World Coalition Government). Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf, v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7m Ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng T\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao (Technological Crimes Task Force) vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 TCTF, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00e0y tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean (wilderness preserves) v\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch li \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n. Nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh, v\u1edbi m\u00e3 danh Konoko (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed3ng ti\u1ebfng b\u1edfi Amanda Winn-Lee), sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft v\u1edbi t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0 Mai Hasegawa, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong game d\u01b0\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cho TCTF. D\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n, c\u00f4 nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111ang ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang gi\u1ea5u gi\u1ebfm b\u00ed m\u1eadt v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4. C\u00f4 quay l\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u lao v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh t\u00ecm l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh Konoko trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi TCTF v\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m nghi\u1ec7p \u0111o\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi Syndicate. Trong h\u1ed3i cao tr\u00e0o nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a game, Konoko kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra m\u1ed9t \u00e2m m\u01b0u c\u1ee7a Syndicate l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho Trung t\u00e2m Chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a Kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n (Atmospheric Conversion Centers), nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1ed1i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n c\u1ee7a g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ph\u00e1t n\u1ed5 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ea3m kh\u1ed1c. Konoko \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u00e2m m\u01b0u \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.", "Cai\u00f4 (Latinh:Caius) l\u00e0 v\u1ecb gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 28 c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i c\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o. Theo ni\u00ean gi\u00e1m t\u00f2a th\u00e1nh n\u0103m 1806 th\u00ec \u00f4ng l\u00ean ng\u00f4i Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 283 v\u00e0 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 12 n\u0103m, 4 th\u00e1ng v\u00e0 17 ng\u00e0y. Ni\u00ean gi\u00e1m t\u00f2a th\u00e1nh n\u0103m 2003 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 17 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 283 cho t\u1edbi ng\u00e0y 7 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 296. Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng xem \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u1eeb n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c R\u00f4ma d\u00f9ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Sylvestr\u00f4 I.", "Trong th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng, \u00f4ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng ai ch\u1ecbu ch\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i qua c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0 gi\u1eef c\u1eeda, \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, gi\u00fap l\u1ec5, tr\u1eeb t\u00e0, ph\u1ee5 ph\u00f3 t\u1ebf, ph\u00f3 t\u1ebf v\u00e0 linh m\u1ee5c. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng ph\u00e2n chia R\u00f4ma cho c\u00e1c decons (tr\u1ee3 t\u1ebf) v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu gi\u1eef v\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9c tin d\u00f9 ph\u1ea3i g\u1eb7p b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 hy sinh n\u00e0o. \u0110\u1ec3 ti\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh h\u01a1n, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng t\u00e1m n\u0103m li\u1ec1n trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ea7m bu\u1ed3ng n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng hang to\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ngh\u0129a trang n\u01a1i c\u00e1c kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdp m\u1eb7t b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c b\u00ed t\u00edch. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u1ea9n n\u00e1u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c b\u00e1ch h\u1ea1i.", "Alan Willis Jeffrey sinh ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1947 t\u1ea1i Kirkland Lake, Ontario, con trai c\u1ee7a Shirley \"Joan\" Isobel Marie (nh\u0169 danh Greer), m\u1ed9t y t\u00e1 v\u00e0 William Jeffrey, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 b\u00e1n ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n. H\u1ecd ly h\u00f4n n\u0103m 1953. M\u1eb9 \u00f4ng t\u00e1i h\u00f4n v\u1edbi Brian Thicke, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1edbi s\u1ed1ng \u1edf H\u1ed3 Elliot. \u00d4ng t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1eddng Trung h\u1ecdc Elliot Lake n\u0103m 1965. \u00d4ng theo h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0110\u00f4ng Ontario.", "Alan Willis Jeffrey sinh ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1947 t\u1ea1i Kirkland Lake, Ontario, con trai c\u1ee7a Shirley \"Joan\" Isobel Marie (nh\u0169 danh Greer), m\u1ed9t y t\u00e1 v\u00e0 William Jeffrey, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 b\u00e1n ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n. H\u1ecd ly h\u00f4n n\u0103m 1953. M\u1eb9 \u00f4ng t\u00e1i h\u00f4n v\u1edbi Brian Thicke, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1edbi s\u1ed1ng \u1edf H\u1ed3 Elliot. \u00d4ng t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1eddng Trung h\u1ecdc Elliot Lake n\u0103m 1965. \u00d4ng theo h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0110\u00f4ng Ontario.", "Alan Willis Jeffrey sinh ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1947 t\u1ea1i Kirkland Lake, Ontario, con trai c\u1ee7a Shirley \"Joan\" Isobel Marie (nh\u0169 danh Greer), m\u1ed9t y t\u00e1 v\u00e0 William Jeffrey, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 b\u00e1n ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n. H\u1ecd ly h\u00f4n n\u0103m 1953. M\u1eb9 \u00f4ng t\u00e1i h\u00f4n v\u1edbi Brian Thicke, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1edbi s\u1ed1ng \u1edf H\u1ed3 Elliot. \u00d4ng t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1eddng Trung h\u1ecdc Elliot Lake n\u0103m 1965. \u00d4ng theo h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0110\u00f4ng Ontario.", "Alan Willis Jeffrey sinh ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1947 t\u1ea1i Kirkland Lake, Ontario, con trai c\u1ee7a Shirley \"Joan\" Isobel Marie (nh\u0169 danh Greer), m\u1ed9t y t\u00e1 v\u00e0 William Jeffrey, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 b\u00e1n ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n. H\u1ecd ly h\u00f4n n\u0103m 1953. M\u1eb9 \u00f4ng t\u00e1i h\u00f4n v\u1edbi Brian Thicke, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1edbi s\u1ed1ng \u1edf H\u1ed3 Elliot. \u00d4ng t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1eddng Trung h\u1ecdc Elliot Lake n\u0103m 1965. \u00d4ng theo h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0110\u00f4ng Ontario.", "Thicke k\u1ebft h\u00f4n 3 l\u1ea7n trong \u0111\u1eddi: l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1edbi n\u1eef di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean Gloria Loring trong Days of Our Lives, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1970 t\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1984; h\u1ecd c\u00f3 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai, Brennan v\u00e0 Robin. \u00d4ng h\u1eb9n h\u00f2 v\u1edbi n\u1eef di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean Kristy Swanson khi b\u00e0 m\u1edbi 17 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1986, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u00ednh h\u00f4n v\u1edbi b\u00e0 hai n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3, khi \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 42 tu\u1ed5i. \u00d4ng c\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3 th\u1ee9 hai, Hoa h\u1eadu Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi 1990 Gina Tolleson v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1994; h\u1ecd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai t\u00ean l\u00e0 Carter William Thicke tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t ly h\u00f4n ng\u00e0y 29 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1999. N\u0103m 1999, \u00f4ng g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eabu Tanya Callau t\u1ea1i Miami. H\u1ecd k\u1ebft h\u00f4n t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2005 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1eddi.", "Thicke, Alan (th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1999). How Men Have Babies: The Pregnant Father's Survival Guide. Contemporary Books. ISBN 978-0-8092-2806-5.", "1998: \u0110\u1ec1 c\u1eed \u2013 Gi\u1ea3i Daytime Emmy cho Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t: Pictionary (\u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t)", "Sh\u014d Hashi noi theo l\u1ec7 cha truy\u1ec1n con n\u1ed1i gi\u1ed1ng nh\u00e0 Minh, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Naha l\u00e0m th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u00f4 \u1edf th\u00e0nh Shuri. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1469, vua Sh\u014d Toku qua \u0111\u1eddi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con k\u1ebf v\u1ecb; m\u1ed9t l\u00e3nh ch\u00faa ch\u01b0 h\u1ea7u t\u00ean l\u00e0 Sh\u014d En b\u00e8n x\u01b0ng l\u00e0 con nu\u00f4i c\u1ee7a Toku r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i phao r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 s\u1eafc phong c\u1ee7a Trung Hoa n\u00ean l\u00ean \u0111o\u1ea1t ng\u00f4i. S\u1eed g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfm v\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u1eadp ra nh\u00e0 Sho II. Ry\u016bky\u016b \u0111\u1ea1t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 v\u00e0ng son d\u01b0\u1edbi tri\u1ec1u vua th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec Sh\u014d Shin, tr\u1ecb v\u00ec 1478-1526.", "V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n m\u1edbi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1949, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 T\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7y Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed5i l\u00ean v\u1edbi g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Marx. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda trong Trung Hoa S\u1eed k\u00fd to\u00e0n th\u01b0, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1955 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n t\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Trung Qu\u1ed1c. C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a T\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7y Ho\u00e0ng theo h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp th\u01b0\u01a1ng gia, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u00ec qu\u1ed1c gia hay nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5u tranh giai c\u1ea5p. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn v\u0129nh c\u1eedu v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 T\u1ea7n c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Marx: n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n n\u1ed5i d\u1eady ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p - m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed5i d\u1eady l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 T\u1ea7n, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i v\u00ec s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi \"t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ee7\".Tuy v\u1eady, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1972, m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng Mao Tr\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed5i l\u00ean kh\u1eafp Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1edfi ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed T\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7y Ho\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3ng S\u0129 \u0110\u1ec7. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n b\u1edfi b\u00e1o ch\u00ed nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1,85 tri\u1ec7u b\u1ea3n trong v\u00f2ng hai n\u0103m. Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1edbi, T\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7y Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u00ecn xa tr\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 chia r\u1ebd v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. C\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 cu\u1ed9c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng cho s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t t\u1eed, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh trong s\u1eed h\u1ecdc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp. C\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1edbi m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ecb v\u00ec c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh (m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i), \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea5n \u00e1p c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m v\u1edbi \"k\u1ebb ch\u1ee7 n\u00f4\" L\u00e3 B\u1ea5t Vi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u00f4ng b\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0m th\u1eddi Chi\u1ebfn Qu\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, sau khi \u00f4ng ch\u1ebft, nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1n quan Tri\u1ec7u Cao \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 phong ki\u1ebfn c\u0169.Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c cho s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 T\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o mang t\u00ean \"Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh giai c\u1ea5p trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 gi\u1eefa T\u1ea7n v\u00e0 H\u00e1n\" trong s\u1ed1 ra n\u0103m 1974 c\u1ee7a t\u1edd C\u1edd \u0110\u1ecf nh\u1eb1m thay th\u1ebf cho nh\u1eefng l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i c\u0169. L\u00fd gi\u1ea3i m\u1edbi cho r\u1eb1ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 T\u1ea7n l\u00e0 n\u1eb1m trong s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \"ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a T\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7y Ho\u00e0ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp s\u00e2u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea5y c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng\".", "V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n m\u1edbi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1949, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 T\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7y Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed5i l\u00ean v\u1edbi g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Marx. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda trong Trung Hoa S\u1eed k\u00fd to\u00e0n th\u01b0, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1955 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n t\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Trung Qu\u1ed1c. C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a T\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7y Ho\u00e0ng theo h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp th\u01b0\u01a1ng gia, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u00ec qu\u1ed1c gia hay nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5u tranh giai c\u1ea5p. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn v\u0129nh c\u1eedu v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 T\u1ea7n c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Marx: n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n n\u1ed5i d\u1eady ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p - m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed5i d\u1eady l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 T\u1ea7n, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i v\u00ec s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi \"t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ee7\".Tuy v\u1eady, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1972, m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng Mao Tr\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed5i l\u00ean kh\u1eafp Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1edfi ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed T\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7y Ho\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3ng S\u0129 \u0110\u1ec7. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n b\u1edfi b\u00e1o ch\u00ed nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1,85 tri\u1ec7u b\u1ea3n trong v\u00f2ng hai n\u0103m. Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1edbi, T\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7y Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u00ecn xa tr\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 chia r\u1ebd v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. C\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 cu\u1ed9c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng cho s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t t\u1eed, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh trong s\u1eed h\u1ecdc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp. C\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1edbi m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ecb v\u00ec c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh (m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i), \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea5n \u00e1p c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m v\u1edbi \"k\u1ebb ch\u1ee7 n\u00f4\" L\u00e3 B\u1ea5t Vi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u00f4ng b\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0m th\u1eddi Chi\u1ebfn Qu\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, sau khi \u00f4ng ch\u1ebft, nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1n quan Tri\u1ec7u Cao \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 phong ki\u1ebfn c\u0169.Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c cho s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 T\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o mang t\u00ean \"Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh giai c\u1ea5p trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 gi\u1eefa T\u1ea7n v\u00e0 H\u00e1n\" trong s\u1ed1 ra n\u0103m 1974 c\u1ee7a t\u1edd C\u1edd \u0110\u1ecf nh\u1eb1m thay th\u1ebf cho nh\u1eefng l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i c\u0169. L\u00fd gi\u1ea3i m\u1edbi cho r\u1eb1ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 T\u1ea7n l\u00e0 n\u1eb1m trong s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \"ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a T\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7y Ho\u00e0ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp s\u00e2u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea5y c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng\".", "V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n m\u1edbi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1949, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 T\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7y Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed5i l\u00ean v\u1edbi g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Marx. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda trong Trung Hoa S\u1eed k\u00fd to\u00e0n th\u01b0, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1955 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n t\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Trung Qu\u1ed1c. C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a T\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7y Ho\u00e0ng theo h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp th\u01b0\u01a1ng gia, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u00ec qu\u1ed1c gia hay nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5u tranh giai c\u1ea5p. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn v\u0129nh c\u1eedu v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 T\u1ea7n c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Marx: n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n n\u1ed5i d\u1eady ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p - m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed5i d\u1eady l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 T\u1ea7n, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i v\u00ec s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi \"t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ee7\".Tuy v\u1eady, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1972, m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng Mao Tr\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed5i l\u00ean kh\u1eafp Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1edfi ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed T\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7y Ho\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3ng S\u0129 \u0110\u1ec7. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n b\u1edfi b\u00e1o ch\u00ed nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1,85 tri\u1ec7u b\u1ea3n trong v\u00f2ng hai n\u0103m. Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1edbi, T\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7y Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u00ecn xa tr\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 chia r\u1ebd v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. C\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 cu\u1ed9c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng cho s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t t\u1eed, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh trong s\u1eed h\u1ecdc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp. C\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1edbi m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ecb v\u00ec c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh (m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i), \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea5n \u00e1p c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m v\u1edbi \"k\u1ebb ch\u1ee7 n\u00f4\" L\u00e3 B\u1ea5t Vi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u00f4ng b\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0m th\u1eddi Chi\u1ebfn Qu\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, sau khi \u00f4ng ch\u1ebft, nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1n quan Tri\u1ec7u Cao \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 phong ki\u1ebfn c\u0169.Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c cho s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 T\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o mang t\u00ean \"Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh giai c\u1ea5p trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 gi\u1eefa T\u1ea7n v\u00e0 H\u00e1n\" trong s\u1ed1 ra n\u0103m 1974 c\u1ee7a t\u1edd C\u1edd \u0110\u1ecf nh\u1eb1m thay th\u1ebf cho nh\u1eefng l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i c\u0169. L\u00fd gi\u1ea3i m\u1edbi cho r\u1eb1ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 T\u1ea7n l\u00e0 n\u1eb1m trong s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \"ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a T\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7y Ho\u00e0ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp s\u00e2u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea5y c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng\".", "H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u n\u00f3ng v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8 v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh th\u00e1ng 1 h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n -30 \u00b0C (-22 \u00b0F).N\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y c\u0169ng th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee3t th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 zud. Ulan Bator c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t so v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 cao, l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00f3. N\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ef1c \u0111oan v\u1edbi m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e0i v\u00e0 l\u1ea1nh, m\u00f9a h\u00e8 ng\u1eafn, v\u00e0 \u0111a ph\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a trong n\u0103m c\u0169ng di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8. N\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y trung b\u00ecnh c\u00f3 257 ng\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng m\u00e2y m\u1ed7i n\u0103m, v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n cao. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a cao nh\u1ea5t \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u1eafc (trung b\u00ecnh 20 t\u1edbi 35 centim\u00e9t m\u1ed9t n\u0103m) v\u00e0 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t \u1edf ph\u00eda nam, v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a h\u00e0ng n\u0103m 10 t\u1edbi 20 centim\u00e9t. V\u00f9ng c\u01b0 c\u1ef1c nam l\u00e0 Sa m\u1ea1c Gobi, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u01b0a trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m.", "V\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eed Albert ch\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi t\u1ea1i t\u01b0 gia York, trong \u0111i\u1ec1n trang Sandringham \u1edf Norfolk, d\u01b0\u1edbi tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5 m\u1eabu c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 n\u1eef v\u01b0\u01a1ng Victoria. Cha \u00f4ng l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eed George, c\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1ee9 York (v\u1ec1 sau l\u00e0 vua George V), con trai th\u1ee9 hai v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i nh\u1ea5t c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n v\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 th\u00e2n v\u01b0\u01a1ng phi Wales (v\u1ec1 sau l\u00e0 vua Edward VII v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1eadu Alexandra, con g\u00e1i vua \u0110an M\u1ea1ch Christian IX). M\u1eabu th\u00e2n \u00f4ng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng York (v\u1ec1 sau l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1eadu Mary), con \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00f2ng v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con g\u00e1i duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u1eadn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9 Teck.Ng\u00e0y sinh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng (14 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1895) c\u0169ng l\u00e0 k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m 34 n\u0103m ng\u00e0y m\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5 ph\u1ee5, v\u01b0\u01a1ng phu Albert. Kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u00e0 n\u1eef ho\u00e0ng nghe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin Albert ch\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng th\u00e2n v\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9 Wales \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 cho c\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1ee9 York, k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng n\u1eef v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 \"r\u1ea5t \u0111au kh\u1ed5\". Hai ng\u00e0y sau, \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i vi\u1ebft: \"Cha ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0 \u1ea5y s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng n\u1ebfu con t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1i t\u00ean Albert v\u1edbi b\u00e0 \u1ea5y\". York nghe theo, xin n\u1eef v\u01b0\u01a1ng cho \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb v\u1eeba ch\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0 Albert. N\u1eef v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1eb9p l\u00f2ng h\u01a1n, b\u00e8n g\u1eedi th\u01b0 cho c\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9 York: \"B\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu khi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb m\u1edbi ch\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 sinh v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y bu\u1ed3n nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e1ng qu\u00fd, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i t\u00ean ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p\". Do \u0111\u00f3, ba th\u00e1ng sau, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i v\u1edbi t\u00ean \"Albert Frederick Arthur George\" t\u1ea1i Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd St. Mary Magdalene g\u1ea7n Sandringham v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 17 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1896. Trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh, \u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i t\u00ean \"Bertie\". B\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, C\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9 Teck, kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch c\u00e1i t\u00ean Albert, v\u00e0 hi v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef cu\u1ed1i (George) s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \"thay th\u1ebf cho c\u00e1i ch\u1ee9 \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng kia\". Albert l\u00fac ch\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 trong danh s\u00e1ch k\u1ebf v\u1ecb, sau t\u1ed5 ph\u1ee5, ph\u1ee5 th\u00e2n v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u01a1ng huynh Edward.", "Do nghi\u1ec7n thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1p l\u1ef1c trong chi\u1ebfn tranh, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh nh\u00e0 vua suy gi\u1ea3m r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1940 \u2013 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1950. \u00d4ng m\u1eafc nhi\u1ec1u c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 ung thu ph\u1ed5i, x\u01a1 v\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 thuy\u00ean t\u1eafc m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1949, \u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch \u1edf ch\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nguy c\u01a1 ph\u1ea3i c\u1eaft b\u1ecf ch\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i \u00f4ng (may m\u1eafn l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra). Th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1949, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1eaft \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh giao c\u1ea3m l\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n Buckingham. Ca ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 James Learmonth ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Paterson Ross, v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng n\u1eeda ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3. Sau l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, nh\u00e0 vua \u0111\u1ee7 h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng C\u01a1 m\u1eadt ng\u00e0y 29 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1949. Tuy nhi\u00ean, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Learmonth khuy\u00ean nh\u00e0 vua n\u00ean gi\u1ea3m nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ed1ng v\u00ec n\u1ebfu thuy\u00ean t\u1eafc m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb. Nh\u00e0 vua lui v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1n trang Sandringham v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng kh\u00e9p k\u00edn h\u01a1n. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Elizabeth, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba k\u1ebf ngai v\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 phu qu\u00e2n Philip, C\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1ee9 Edinburg xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n trong c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng du n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i (Hoa K\u1ef3, Canada, \u0110\u00f4ng Phi,...).Ng\u00e0y 3 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1951, nh\u00e0 vua \u0111\u1ee9ng ra khai m\u1ea1c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i Anh (Festival of Britain), m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nh\u1eb1m kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c h\u01b0ng v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh sau chi\u1ebfn tranh. Cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 gi\u1ecfi g\u1ed3m Horace Evans, Daniel Davies, John Weir v\u00e0 Geoffrey Marshall \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1m cho vua, h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i u t\u00e1c t\u00ednh \u1edf ph\u1ed5i b\u00ean tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a vua. Ng\u00e0y 23 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1951, ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean Clement Price Thomas l\u00e0m ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1eaft b\u1ecf ph\u1ed5i b\u00ean tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua. Nh\u00e0 vua c\u00f3 h\u01a1i h\u1ed3i s\u1ee9c, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb kh\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng; do v\u1eady, trong l\u1ec5 khai m\u1ea1c phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1951, \u0110\u1ed5ng l\u00fd V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng Gavin Simonds thay m\u1eb7t vua \u0111\u1ecdc di\u1ec5n v\u0103n t\u1eeb ngai v\u00e0ng (seech from the throne). N\u0103m 1951, \u0111\u00e0i ph\u00e1t thanh loan th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Gi\u00e1ng sinh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua \u0111i to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi \u00e2m tr\u01b0\u1edbc theo t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf, r\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1eafp v\u00e1 l\u1ea1i.Ng\u00e0y 31 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1952, nh\u00e0 vua kh\u00f4ng theo l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n t\u00edn, th\u00e2n h\u00e0nh \u0111i phi tr\u01b0\u1eddng Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1m bi\u1ec7t tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Elizabeth v\u00e0 phu qu\u00e2n Philip, hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng du \u00dac theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Kenya. Sau \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00e0 vua v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1n trang Sandringham; s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 6 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1952, c\u00e1c t\u00f4i t\u1edb \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c George th\u00ec th\u1ea5y nh\u00e0 vua \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi. \u00d4ng t\u1eeb tr\u1ea7n trong gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 do ch\u1ee9ng huy\u1ebft kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0nh \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 56. Tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa v\u1ed9i bay t\u1eeb Kenya v\u1ec1 Anh \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ed1i ng\u00f4i, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u1eef v\u01b0\u01a1ng Elizabeth II.", "22 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1901 \u2013 9 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1901: V\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eed \u0110i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1 Albert x\u1ee9 Cornwall v\u00e0 York", "V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 2 th\u00e1ng 7, Roon tham gia m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e0u tu\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng Nga ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Gotland, Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n. T\u00e0u tu\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea1ng nh\u1eb9 Augsburg v\u00e0 ba t\u00e0u khu tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed9 t\u1ed1ng cho chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u r\u1ea3i m\u00ecn Albatross khi ch\u00fang b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed1n t\u00e0u tu\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng Nga, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u00e0u tu\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ecdc th\u00e9p Bayan v\u00e0 Admiral Makarov c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c t\u00e0u tu\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea1ng nh\u1eb9 Bogatyr v\u00e0 Oleg. Augsburg ch\u1ea1y tho\u00e1t trong khi c\u00e1c t\u00e0u khu tr\u1ee5c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cho vi\u1ec7c r\u00fat lui c\u1ee7a Albatross, n\u00ean b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n trung l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n. Roon v\u00e0 t\u00e0u tu\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea1ng nh\u1eb9 L\u00fcbeck \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u00e1c t\u00e0u khu tr\u1ee5c b\u1ecb bao v\u00e2y; khi \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i, Roon \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1edbi Bayan trong khi L\u00fcbeck khai h\u1ecfa nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o Oleg. Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u00e0u tu\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng Nga Rurik c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u00e0u khu tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng cho l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nga. Trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u ph\u00e1o di\u1ec5n ra sau \u0111\u00f3, Roon b\u1ecb b\u1eafn tr\u00fang nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c con t\u00e0u \u0110\u1ee9c b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat lui.V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 10 th\u00e1ng 8, Roon v\u00e0 Prinz Heinrich ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh b\u1eafn ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n Nga t\u1ea1i Zerel thu\u1ed9c b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o Sworbe. Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0u khu tr\u1ee5c Nga \u0111ang th\u1ea3 neo ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i Zerel \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ecb b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c con t\u00e0u \u0110\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc trong s\u1ed1 ch\u00fang b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i.", "R\u1eafn r\u00e2u (danh ph\u00e1p hai ph\u1ea7n: Erpeton tentaculatum) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i r\u1eafn b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp trong ph\u00e2n h\u1ecd Homalopsinae c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd Colubridae, nh\u01b0ng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd R\u1eafn ri (Homalopsidae). N\u00f3 l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i duy nh\u1ea5t trong chi n\u00e0y. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1edbc mi\u1ec7ng nh\u01b0 hai s\u1ee3i r\u00e2u.", "Thu nh\u1eadp trung b\u00ecnh cho m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh trong qu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1t 30.307 USD, v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp trung b\u00ecnh cho m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh l\u00e0 36.749 USD. Ph\u00e1i nam c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp trung b\u00ecnh 30.232 USD so v\u1edbi 20.411 USD c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i n\u1eef. Thu nh\u1eadp b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 14.072 USD. C\u00f3 13,60% gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 17,20% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 s\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5, bao g\u1ed3m 22,30% nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u01b0\u1edbi 18 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 21,70% c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi 65 tu\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1n.", "Rokia Traor\u00e9 (sinh ng\u00e0y 26 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1974) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ca s\u0129, nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 guitar ng\u01b0\u1eddi Mali.", "B\u00ed \u1ea9n h\u00e0nh tinh ch\u1ebft ( /pr\u0259\u02c8mi\u02d0\u03b8\u026a\u0259s/ pro-MEE-thee-uhs, t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfng Anh Prometheus) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 phim khoa h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n Ridley Scott do Jon Spaihts v\u00e0 Damon Lindelof vi\u1ebft k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n. Phim c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a Noomi Rapace, Michael Fassbender, Guy Pearce, Idris Elba, Logan Marshall-Green v\u00e0 Charlize Theron. Phim \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21 khi chi\u1ebfc phi thuy\u1ec1n v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 Prometheus \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1edfi sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean phi thuy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00ecnh ng\u00f4i sao h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. Nh\u1eb1m t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t phi h\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi xa x\u00f4i v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng cho lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.", "Fifield b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn quay l\u1ea1i t\u00e0u Promethus v\u00e0 gi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong \u0111o\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft. Thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u l\u00e0 Janek cho r\u1eb1ng kh\u1ed1i ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng Engineers kh\u00f4ng may b\u1ecb di\u1ec7t vong v\u00e0 s\u01a1 t\u00e1n b\u1edfi v\u0169 kh\u00ed sinh h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng m\u00e0u \u0111en s\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i. Anh c\u0169ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng kh\u1ed1i ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Weyland v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Shaw. David \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c Engineer kh\u1ecfi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch mong mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a Weyland. Engineer h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e1p b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9 n\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea7u David v\u00e0 gi\u1ebft Weyland c\u00f9ng h\u1eadu c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i con t\u00e0u. Shaw tr\u1ed1n tho\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho Janek v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c Engineer s\u1ebd \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00e0u ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c m\u00e0u \u0111en. Janek c\u00f9ng phi h\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n hy sinh b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e2m t\u00e0u Prometheus \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eebng t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Engineer, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng t\u00e0u c\u1ee9u sinh cho Shaw c\u00f2n Vickers th\u00ec tho\u00e1t n\u1ea1n do \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea9n n\u1ea5u trong bu\u1ed3ng tho\u00e1t hi\u1ec3m. Tuy nhi\u00ean Vickers l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb nghi\u1ec1n n\u00e1t b\u1edfi t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng c\u1ee7a Engineer \u0111\u00e2m s\u1ea7m xu\u1ed1ng m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. Shaw \u0111i t\u1edbi t\u00e0u c\u1ee9u sinh ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f4 v\u1eeba lo\u1ea1i ra kh\u1ecfi b\u1ee5ng m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. C\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a David c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o Shaw v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c Engineer \u0111ang truy s\u00e1t c\u00f4, h\u1eafn m\u1edf t\u00e0u c\u1ee9u sinh v\u00e0 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Shaw tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng sinh v\u1eadt ngo\u00e0i h\u00e0nh tinh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Engineer b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1eaft c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 chui v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1eafn. Shaw ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i David v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a David, Shaw kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Engineer \u0111\u1ec3 bay v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh tinh c\u1ee7a Engineer v\u1edbi hi v\u1ecdng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u00ec sao h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.", "Fifield b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn quay l\u1ea1i t\u00e0u Promethus v\u00e0 gi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong \u0111o\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft. Thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u l\u00e0 Janek cho r\u1eb1ng kh\u1ed1i ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng Engineers kh\u00f4ng may b\u1ecb di\u1ec7t vong v\u00e0 s\u01a1 t\u00e1n b\u1edfi v\u0169 kh\u00ed sinh h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng m\u00e0u \u0111en s\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i. Anh c\u0169ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng kh\u1ed1i ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Weyland v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Shaw. David \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c Engineer kh\u1ecfi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch mong mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a Weyland. Engineer h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e1p b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9 n\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea7u David v\u00e0 gi\u1ebft Weyland c\u00f9ng h\u1eadu c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i con t\u00e0u. Shaw tr\u1ed1n tho\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho Janek v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c Engineer s\u1ebd \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00e0u ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c m\u00e0u \u0111en. Janek c\u00f9ng phi h\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n hy sinh b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e2m t\u00e0u Prometheus \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eebng t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Engineer, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng t\u00e0u c\u1ee9u sinh cho Shaw c\u00f2n Vickers th\u00ec tho\u00e1t n\u1ea1n do \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea9n n\u1ea5u trong bu\u1ed3ng tho\u00e1t hi\u1ec3m. Tuy nhi\u00ean Vickers l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb nghi\u1ec1n n\u00e1t b\u1edfi t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng c\u1ee7a Engineer \u0111\u00e2m s\u1ea7m xu\u1ed1ng m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. Shaw \u0111i t\u1edbi t\u00e0u c\u1ee9u sinh ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f4 v\u1eeba lo\u1ea1i ra kh\u1ecfi b\u1ee5ng m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. C\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a David c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o Shaw v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c Engineer \u0111ang truy s\u00e1t c\u00f4, h\u1eafn m\u1edf t\u00e0u c\u1ee9u sinh v\u00e0 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Shaw tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng sinh v\u1eadt ngo\u00e0i h\u00e0nh tinh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Engineer b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1eaft c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 chui v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1eafn. Shaw ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i David v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a David, Shaw kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Engineer \u0111\u1ec3 bay v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh tinh c\u1ee7a Engineer v\u1edbi hi v\u1ecdng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u00ec sao h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.", "Fifield b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn quay l\u1ea1i t\u00e0u Promethus v\u00e0 gi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong \u0111o\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft. Thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u l\u00e0 Janek cho r\u1eb1ng kh\u1ed1i ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng Engineers kh\u00f4ng may b\u1ecb di\u1ec7t vong v\u00e0 s\u01a1 t\u00e1n b\u1edfi v\u0169 kh\u00ed sinh h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng m\u00e0u \u0111en s\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i. Anh c\u0169ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng kh\u1ed1i ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Weyland v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Shaw. David \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c Engineer kh\u1ecfi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch mong mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a Weyland. Engineer h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e1p b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9 n\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea7u David v\u00e0 gi\u1ebft Weyland c\u00f9ng h\u1eadu c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i con t\u00e0u. Shaw tr\u1ed1n tho\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho Janek v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c Engineer s\u1ebd \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00e0u ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c m\u00e0u \u0111en. Janek c\u00f9ng phi h\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n hy sinh b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e2m t\u00e0u Prometheus \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eebng t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Engineer, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng t\u00e0u c\u1ee9u sinh cho Shaw c\u00f2n Vickers th\u00ec tho\u00e1t n\u1ea1n do \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea9n n\u1ea5u trong bu\u1ed3ng tho\u00e1t hi\u1ec3m. Tuy nhi\u00ean Vickers l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb nghi\u1ec1n n\u00e1t b\u1edfi t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng c\u1ee7a Engineer \u0111\u00e2m s\u1ea7m xu\u1ed1ng m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. Shaw \u0111i t\u1edbi t\u00e0u c\u1ee9u sinh ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f4 v\u1eeba lo\u1ea1i ra kh\u1ecfi b\u1ee5ng m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. C\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a David c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o Shaw v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c Engineer \u0111ang truy s\u00e1t c\u00f4, h\u1eafn m\u1edf t\u00e0u c\u1ee9u sinh v\u00e0 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Shaw tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng sinh v\u1eadt ngo\u00e0i h\u00e0nh tinh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Engineer b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1eaft c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 chui v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1eafn. Shaw ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i David v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a David, Shaw kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Engineer \u0111\u1ec3 bay v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh tinh c\u1ee7a Engineer v\u1edbi hi v\u1ecdng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u00ec sao h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.", "Fifield b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn quay l\u1ea1i t\u00e0u Promethus v\u00e0 gi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong \u0111o\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft. Thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u l\u00e0 Janek cho r\u1eb1ng kh\u1ed1i ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng Engineers kh\u00f4ng may b\u1ecb di\u1ec7t vong v\u00e0 s\u01a1 t\u00e1n b\u1edfi v\u0169 kh\u00ed sinh h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng m\u00e0u \u0111en s\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i. Anh c\u0169ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng kh\u1ed1i ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Weyland v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Shaw. David \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c Engineer kh\u1ecfi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch mong mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a Weyland. Engineer h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e1p b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9 n\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea7u David v\u00e0 gi\u1ebft Weyland c\u00f9ng h\u1eadu c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i con t\u00e0u. Shaw tr\u1ed1n tho\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho Janek v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c Engineer s\u1ebd \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00e0u ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c m\u00e0u \u0111en. Janek c\u00f9ng phi h\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n hy sinh b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e2m t\u00e0u Prometheus \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eebng t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Engineer, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng t\u00e0u c\u1ee9u sinh cho Shaw c\u00f2n Vickers th\u00ec tho\u00e1t n\u1ea1n do \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea9n n\u1ea5u trong bu\u1ed3ng tho\u00e1t hi\u1ec3m. Tuy nhi\u00ean Vickers l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb nghi\u1ec1n n\u00e1t b\u1edfi t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng c\u1ee7a Engineer \u0111\u00e2m s\u1ea7m xu\u1ed1ng m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. Shaw \u0111i t\u1edbi t\u00e0u c\u1ee9u sinh ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f4 v\u1eeba lo\u1ea1i ra kh\u1ecfi b\u1ee5ng m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. C\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a David c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o Shaw v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c Engineer \u0111ang truy s\u00e1t c\u00f4, h\u1eafn m\u1edf t\u00e0u c\u1ee9u sinh v\u00e0 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Shaw tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng sinh v\u1eadt ngo\u00e0i h\u00e0nh tinh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Engineer b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1eaft c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 chui v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1eafn. Shaw ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i David v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a David, Shaw kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Engineer \u0111\u1ec3 bay v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh tinh c\u1ee7a Engineer v\u1edbi hi v\u1ecdng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u00ec sao h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.", "Robert Coleman Richardson (sinh 26 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1937 - m\u1ea5t 19 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2013), sinh t\u1ea1i Washington D.C. l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Nobel V\u1eadt l\u00fd n\u0103m 1996 (chung v\u1edbi David Lee v\u00e0 Douglas Osheroff, cho c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh si\u00eau l\u1ecfng \u1edf helium-3 n\u0103m 1972.", "Chi\u1ebfn tranh Ogaden, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Chi\u1ebfn tranh Ethiopia-Somalia, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Somalia t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1977 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1978 sang khu v\u1ef1c tranh ch\u1ea5p Ogaden do Ethiopia qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a Somalia v\u00e0o  Ethiopia. Li\u00ean X\u00f4 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 ng\u1eebng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Somalia, chuy\u1ec3n sang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Ethiopia, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 ng\u1eebng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Ethiopia v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Somalia. Chi\u1ebfn tranh k\u1ebft th\u00fac khi Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Somalia tri\u1ec7t tho\u00e1i v\u1ec1 b\u00ean kia bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn \u0111\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn.", "Trong khi Somalia \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, th\u00ec Ethiopia ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng suy y\u1ebfu. Trong th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1974, Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Haile Selassie b\u1ecb Derg (h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1) l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5, kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng. Derg nhanh ch\u00f3ng l\u00e2m v\u00e0o xung \u0111\u1ed9t n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u1ec1u phong tr\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng Derg c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ly khai kh\u00e1c nhau b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. C\u00e1n c\u00e2n s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh trong khu v\u1ef1c nay nghi\u00eang v\u1ec1 Somalia.", "Trong khi Somalia \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, th\u00ec Ethiopia ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng suy y\u1ebfu. Trong th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1974, Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Haile Selassie b\u1ecb Derg (h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1) l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5, kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng. Derg nhanh ch\u00f3ng l\u00e2m v\u00e0o xung \u0111\u1ed9t n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u1ec1u phong tr\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng Derg c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ly khai kh\u00e1c nhau b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. C\u00e1n c\u00e2n s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh trong khu v\u1ef1c nay nghi\u00eang v\u1ec1 Somalia.", "S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3 thay th\u1ebf k\u00ednh m\u1eaft v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1eaft gi\u00f3 g\u00e2y ra suy y\u1ebfu b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 31 th\u00e1ng 8. V\u00e0o l\u00fac 03:00 UTC ng\u00e0y 31 th\u00e1ng 8, Norman quay v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y-t\u00e2y nam do m\u1ed9t r\u00eca \u00e1p cao s\u00e2u xu\u1ed1ng \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u1eafc.Norman r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i h\u1ea1ng 2 trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nhanh ch\u00f3ng b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u01a1n b\u00e3o lo\u1ea1i 4 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 2 th\u00e1ng 9. C\u01a1n b\u00e3o \u0111\u1ea1t  \u0111\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9 hai v\u1edbi gi\u00f3 130 mph (215 km/h) v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t 948 mbar (28,00 inHg). Ban \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9ng minh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i, Norman kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu n\u1ed5i s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 3 th\u00e1ng 9. Trung t\u00e2m u \u00e1m d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u1ea5m l\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u1eaft n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, Norman r\u1ebd sang h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2y nam h\u01a1n. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 4 th\u00e1ng 9, c\u01a1n b\u00e3o v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ph\u00eda t\u00e2y 140 \u00b0 W, v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o chuy\u1ec3n sang Trung t\u00e2m B\u00e3o trung t\u00e2m Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng (CPHC). V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee3t t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd x\u1ea3y ra sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 Norman l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u00e3o l\u1edbn. Tuy nhi\u00ean, gi\u00f3 c\u1eaft t\u0103ng l\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa sau \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 Norman suy y\u1ebfu th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n b\u00e3o lo\u1ea1i 1 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 6 th\u00e1ng 9. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 7 th\u00e1ng 9, Norman suy y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n b\u00e3o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi khi n\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ea5t \u0111i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. CPHC \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1ec1 Norman v\u00e0o l\u00fac 21:00 UTC v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 8 th\u00e1ng 9, v\u00ec n\u00f3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh xo\u00e1y thu\u1eadn ngo\u00e0i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi.", "Ng\u00e0y 29 th\u00e1ng 8, m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p \u1edf t\u1ea7ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 hi\u00ea\u1ee5 96C \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 t\u00e0n d\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Lane \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y-t\u00e2y b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Hawaii. \u0110i qua m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n 2 \u00b0C (3.6 \u00b0F) tr\u00ean m\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n b\u00e3o c\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 31 th\u00e1ng 8. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 2 th\u00e1ng 9, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i. Sau \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u suy y\u1ebfu, trong khi t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 4 th\u00e1ng 9, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn xo\u00e1y thu\u1eadn ngo\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n Bering.", "John Canfield Spencer (8 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1788 - 17 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1855) l\u00e0 lu\u1eadt s\u01b0, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia v\u00e0 l\u00e0 th\u1ea9m ph\u00e1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng t\u1eebng l\u00e0 th\u01b0 k\u00fd N\u1ed9i c\u00e1c Hoa K\u1ef3 trong ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng John Tyler.", "Theo \u0111i\u1ec1u tra d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 2 n\u0103m 2000, qu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 39.326 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, 12.961 h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 10.096 gia \u0111\u00ecnh s\u1ed1ng trong qu\u1eadn. M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 46 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho m\u1ed7i d\u1eb7m vu\u00f4ng (18/km \u00b2). C\u00f3 14.819 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb nh\u00e0 \u1edf v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 17 cho m\u1ed7i d\u1eb7m vu\u00f4ng (7/km \u00b2). C\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u1edf qu\u1eadn g\u1ed3m 77,90% ng\u01b0\u1eddi da tr\u1eafng, 0,60% da \u0111en hay M\u1ef9 g\u1ed1c Phi, 0,62% ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9, 0,43% ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2u \u00c1, 0,09% ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea3o Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, 17,93% t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 2,43% t\u1eeb hai ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c. 75,71% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hispanic hay Latino thu\u1ed9c ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c n\u00e0o.", "C\u00f3 12.961 h\u1ed9, trong \u0111\u00f3 40,20% c\u00f3 tr\u1ebb em d\u01b0\u1edbi 18 tu\u1ed5i s\u1ed1ng chung v\u1edbi h\u1ecd, 58,00% l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi nhau, 15,20% c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 h\u1ed9 l\u00e0 n\u1eef kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t ch\u1ed3ng, v\u00e0 22,10% l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u1eadp gia \u0111\u00ecnh. 19,70% c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 9,50% c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh 65 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi. B\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n m\u1ed7i h\u1ed9 l\u00e0 2,99 v\u00e0 c\u1ee1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 3,45.", "Trong qu\u1eadn, c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u tu\u1ed5i d\u00e2n c\u01b0 qu\u1eadn c\u00f3 31,40% \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i d\u01b0\u1edbi 18, 9,00% 18-24, 26,50% 25-44, 20,60% 45-64, v\u00e0 12,40% ng\u01b0\u1eddi 65 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean. Tu\u1ed5i trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 33 n\u0103m. C\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i 100 n\u1eef c\u00f3 95,20 nam gi\u1edbi. C\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i 100 n\u1eef 18 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 91,40 nam gi\u1edbi.", "Bays s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i Los Angeles c\u00f9ng v\u1ee3 v\u00e0 hai \u0111\u1ee9a con g\u00e1i. Bays t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Wesleyan v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1997. Hai b\u00e9 g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a anh \u0111\u1ec1u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a anh. M\u1ed9t b\u00e9 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf t\u1eadp cu\u1ed1i phim Trilogy Time, b\u00e9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 tham gia c\u1ea3nh cu\u1ed1i trong t\u1eadp How Your Mother Met Me.", "Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i t\u00e1n. M\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y sau chuy\u1ebfn th\u0103m ng\u00e0y 19 th\u00e1ng 5 c\u1ee7a Tri\u1ec7u T\u1eed D\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1edbi Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Thi\u00ean An M\u00f4n, Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng L\u00fd B\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng khai tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft qu\u00e2n lu\u1eadt. Trong cu\u1ed9c tranh gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c sau \u0111\u00f3, Tri\u1ec7u T\u1eed D\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ecdi ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed t\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi hy v\u1ecdng m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i s\u1ebd l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u00fap \u00f4ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi phe c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn nh\u01b0 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng L\u00fd B\u1eb1ng. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c tin r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n th\u1ea5y h\u1ecd b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p khi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn. Sau v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c, Tri\u1ec7u T\u1eed D\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ecb qu\u1ea3n th\u00fac t\u1ea1i gia v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 T\u1ed5ng b\u00ed th\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1edfi Giang Tr\u1ea1ch D\u00e2n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi \u00edt \u0111\u1ed5 m\u00e1u h\u01a1n.", "\u0110\u00e1p tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, Fury ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u00f3m Si\u00eau anh h\u00f9ng. \u0110\u1eb7c v\u1ee5 Natasha Romanoff \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Bruce Banner, c\u00f2n \u0111\u1eb7c v\u1ee5 Coulson \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1eb7p Tony Stark \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1edd anh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Selvig. Fury \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1eb7p Steve Rogers \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i kh\u1ed1i Tesseract. Trong khi Barton l\u1ea5y \u0111i ch\u1ea5t Iridi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i Tesseract, Loki \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea1m tr\u00e1n v\u1edbi Rogers, Stark v\u00e0 Romanoff, k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c Loki \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng. Trong l\u00fac Loki \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi S.H.I.E.L.D, Thor \u2013 anh trai nu\u00f4i c\u1ee7a Loki \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t h\u1eafn v\u1edbi hy v\u1ecdng thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c Loki t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Asgard. Sau cu\u1ed9c ch\u1ea1m tr\u00e1n v\u1edbi Stark v\u00e0 Rogers, Thor \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd \u0111\u01b0a Loki v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn h\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a S.H.I.E.L.D. cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi kh\u1ed1i Tesseract \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 Loki b\u1ecb giam, c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Banner v\u00e0 Stark \u0111ang c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb l\u1ea1i kh\u1ed1i Tesseract. Nh\u00f3m si\u00eau anh h\u00f9ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean chia r\u1ebd sau l\u1eddi n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a Loki v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c S.H.I.E.L.D l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch khai th\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i Tesseract \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u0169 kh\u00ed. Nh\u00e2n l\u00fac nh\u00f3m \u0111ang tranh c\u00e3i, Barton v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m tay sai c\u1ee7a Loki \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn tr\u1ef1c h\u1ea1m, l\u00e0m v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a hai \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c Banner t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kh\u1ed5ng L\u1ed3. Stark v\u00e0 Rogers c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c h\u1ea1m bay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. Thor c\u1ed1 ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf c\u01a1n gi\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Hulk nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i do kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m tung h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c tr\u00ean tr\u1ef1c h\u1ea1m. Romanoff \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi Barton v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 anh ta b\u1ea5t t\u1ec9nh, gi\u00fap anh ta tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Loki. Loki tr\u1ed1n tho\u00e1t sau khi gi\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7c v\u1ee5 Coulson v\u00e0 l\u1eeba Thor ra ngo\u00e0i chi\u1ebfc tr\u1ef1c h\u1ea1m. Hulk r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t sau cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y bay S.H.I.E.L.D.", "Fury d\u00f9ng c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Coulson \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00edch l\u1ec7 tinh th\u1ea7n nh\u00f3m si\u00eau anh h\u00f9ng v\u00e0 mong h\u1ecd s\u1ebd tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. Stark v\u00e0 Rogers nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng Loki mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i c\u00e1c si\u00eau anh h\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng khai \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb th\u1ebf th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1eafn tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. H\u1eafn d\u00f9ng kh\u1ed1i Tesseract k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Selvig ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf c\u1ed5ng t\u1eeb ph\u00eda tr\u00ean t\u00f2a th\u00e1p Stark, cho qu\u00e2n Chitauri tr\u00e0n v\u00e0o. Nh\u00f3m si\u00eau anh h\u00f9ng t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 New York (v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a th\u00e1p), nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd nhanh ch\u00f3ng nh\u1eadn ra m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3o trong c\u01a1n s\u00f3ng v\u0169 b\u00e3o c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Chirauti. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a Rogers, nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ed1ng c\u1ef1 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o. Banner \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng Hulk v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Loki. Romanoff \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1nh c\u1ed5ng, n\u01a1i Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Selvig \u0111\u00e3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Loki, \u00f4ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e2y quy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u00e1nh c\u1ed5ng l\u1ea1i. Trong l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a Fury - H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng An ninh Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0o Manhattan. Stark \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e1i t\u00ean l\u1eeda h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0o c\u00e1nh c\u1ed5ng, t\u1edbi ch\u1ed7 t\u00e0u m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn Chitauri. Chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u m\u1eb9 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y khi\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Chitauri ch\u1ebft, ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy c\u01a1 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. B\u1ed9 \u00e1o gi\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Stark t\u1edbi l\u00fac n\u00e0y c\u1ea1n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 anh \u0111\u00e3 r\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do qua c\u00e1nh c\u1ed5ng, Hulk nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Stark t\u1eeb tr\u00ean cao. Romanoff \u0111\u00f3ng c\u00e1nh c\u1ed5ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. Sau c\u00f9ng, Thor \u0111\u01b0a Loki v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i Tesseract v\u1ec1 Asgard. Fury n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng nh\u00f3m si\u00eau anh h\u00f9ng s\u1ebd tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi h\u1ecd.", "Fury d\u00f9ng c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Coulson \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00edch l\u1ec7 tinh th\u1ea7n nh\u00f3m si\u00eau anh h\u00f9ng v\u00e0 mong h\u1ecd s\u1ebd tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. Stark v\u00e0 Rogers nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng Loki mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i c\u00e1c si\u00eau anh h\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng khai \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb th\u1ebf th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1eafn tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. H\u1eafn d\u00f9ng kh\u1ed1i Tesseract k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Selvig ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf c\u1ed5ng t\u1eeb ph\u00eda tr\u00ean t\u00f2a th\u00e1p Stark, cho qu\u00e2n Chitauri tr\u00e0n v\u00e0o. Nh\u00f3m si\u00eau anh h\u00f9ng t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 New York (v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a th\u00e1p), nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd nhanh ch\u00f3ng nh\u1eadn ra m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3o trong c\u01a1n s\u00f3ng v\u0169 b\u00e3o c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Chirauti. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a Rogers, nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ed1ng c\u1ef1 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o. Banner \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng Hulk v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Loki. Romanoff \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1nh c\u1ed5ng, n\u01a1i Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Selvig \u0111\u00e3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Loki, \u00f4ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e2y quy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u00e1nh c\u1ed5ng l\u1ea1i. Trong l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a Fury - H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng An ninh Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0o Manhattan. Stark \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e1i t\u00ean l\u1eeda h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0o c\u00e1nh c\u1ed5ng, t\u1edbi ch\u1ed7 t\u00e0u m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn Chitauri. Chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u m\u1eb9 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y khi\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Chitauri ch\u1ebft, ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy c\u01a1 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. B\u1ed9 \u00e1o gi\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Stark t\u1edbi l\u00fac n\u00e0y c\u1ea1n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 anh \u0111\u00e3 r\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do qua c\u00e1nh c\u1ed5ng, Hulk nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Stark t\u1eeb tr\u00ean cao. Romanoff \u0111\u00f3ng c\u00e1nh c\u1ed5ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. Sau c\u00f9ng, Thor \u0111\u01b0a Loki v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i Tesseract v\u1ec1 Asgard. Fury n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng nh\u00f3m si\u00eau anh h\u00f9ng s\u1ebd tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi h\u1ecd.", "Robert Downey, Jr. vai Tony Stark / Iron Man (Ng\u01b0\u1eddi S\u1eaft)M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 b\u00e1c \u00e1i, t\u1ec9 ph\u00fa, \u0111\u00e0o hoa v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u01a1 kh\u00ed do t\u1ef1 anh ta s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf. Downey \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n vai nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a anh v\u1edbi h\u00e3ng Marvel, bao g\u1ed3m Ng\u01b0\u1eddi S\u1eaft 2 v\u00e0 The Avengers. Downey n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng anh mu\u1ed1n nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean: \"T\u00f4i c\u1ea7n \u1edf trong c\u1ea3nh phim \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft anh ngh\u0129 g\u00ec nh\u01b0ng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y\". \u0110\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n n\u00f3i: \"Th\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u1ee9 th\u1eed xem\". \"Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eed \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u1eafm, b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1c \u0111i, c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i x\u00fac tu c\u1ee7a con b\u1ea1ch tu\u1ed9c\" - Downey n\u00f3i. V\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec1n t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt, Downey ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: \"Trong Ng\u01b0\u1eddi S\u1eaft 1, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n, anh ta m\u1edf m\u00e0n cho s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u00ecm l\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi S\u1eaft 2 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t n\u1eefa, ph\u1ea3i giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng gian cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, c\u00f2n trong The Avengers, anh \u1ea5y s\u1ebd b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00f3\".Chris Evans vai Steve Rogers / Captain America (\u0110\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edfng M\u1ef9)M\u1ed9t c\u1ef1u chi\u1ebfn binh t\u1eeb Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 II \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec9nh cao c\u1ee7a th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t, nh\u1edd m\u1ed9t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m huy\u1ebft thanh. Evans \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n vai nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f3ng cho 3 phim c\u1ee7a Marvel. Evans n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt Steve Rogers s\u1ebd s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n trong The Avengers: \"N\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c anh ta c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra, n\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00fa s\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u1edf trong m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n quan t\u00e2m,.. anh ta l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn binh, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh ta chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u00f9ng, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng anh em,.. h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft, anh ta ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 c\u00e1i ph\u00e2n c\u1ea3nh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1 nh\u1ea3y kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eafng m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng g\u00ec nu\u1ed1t n\u00f3. Sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i\". V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa Captain v\u00e0 Tony, Evans n\u00f3i: \"T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n \u0111\u00f4i, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa t\u00f4i v\u00e0 Tony, m\u1ed9t g\u00e3 th\u00ec s\u1eb7c s\u1ee1, n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u00e0 ng\u1ecdt x\u1edbt, m\u1ed9t g\u00e3 th\u00ec v\u1ecb tha, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau, trong s\u1ef1 y\u00ean l\u1eb7ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1 th\u00fa v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea5y\".Mark Ruffalo vai Bruce Banner / HulkM\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc thi\u00ean t\u00e0i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 do s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 gamma \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t con qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt khi b\u1ecb k\u00edch th\u00edch ho\u1eb7c t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn. Ruffalo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n vai sau th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa Marvel v\u00e0 Edward Norton th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. V\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c thay th\u1ebf, Ruffalo n\u00f3i: \"T\u00f4i l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a Ed, \u1eeb, \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1ch t\u00f4i nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 Ed \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i vai di\u1ec5n n\u00e0y cho t\u00f4i\". V\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt Hulk, Ruffalo n\u00f3i: \"Anh ta l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u1edbi 2 m\u1eb7t \u2013 m\u1ed9t s\u00e1ng m\u1ed9t t\u1ed1i, v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 anh ta l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a anh ta. T\u00f4i l\u1edbn l\u00ean trong series truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh Bill Bixby TV, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 cho t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t s\u1eafc th\u00e1i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn nh\u00e2n v\u0103n h\u01a1n v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt Hulk. T\u00f4i th\u00edch nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3\". V\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a Hulk trong \u0111\u1ed9i, Ruffalo n\u00f3i: \"Anh ta gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9i m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 ai d\u00e1m ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 trong \u0111\u1ed9i m\u00ecnh. Anh \u1ea5y r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u00e0 di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean \u0111\u00f3ng vai Banner ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng lu\u00f4n vai Hulk\". Ruffalo n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed New York Times: \"T\u00f4i r\u1ea5t h\u00e0o h\u1ee9ng, ch\u01b0a ai t\u1eebng \u0111\u00f3ng vai Hulk b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, h\u1ecd lu\u00f4n d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 CGI. C\u00f2n trong The Avengers, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ghi l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i nh\u01b0 phim Avatar v\u1eady, v\u00ec th\u1ebf t\u00f4i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng vai Hulk, n\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 th\u00fa v\u1ecb\". \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra gi\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Hulk, h\u1ecd d\u00f9ng gi\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Ruffalo tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi gi\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Lou Ferrigne v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e2u n\u00f3i duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Hulk (\"Punny God\") \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n duy nh\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng gi\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Ruffalo.Chris Hemsworth vai ThorV\u1ecb th\u1ea7n s\u1ea5m d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 th\u1ea7n B\u1eafc \u00c2u c\u00f9ng t\u00ean. Hemsworth \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n vai nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec1u phim v\u1edbi Marvel. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y anh c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n Whedon trong phim The cabin in the woods. Hemsworth n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng anh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 trong Thor, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, g\u1ed3m \u1ee9c g\u00e0, c\u00e1, b\u00edt t\u1ebft v\u00e0 tr\u1ee9ng m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau, anh n\u00f3i: \"C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng protein l\u00ean r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u\". Anh c\u0169ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u1ee7a Thor: \"\u0110\u00f3 h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, trong c\u1ea3nh m\u00e0 em trai c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u00ean, r\u1ed3i c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb x\u1ea5u h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n h\u1ea1 g\u1ee5c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i, hay l\u00e0 cho Thor. Anh ta lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u cho nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u cao \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n, t\u00f4i c\u0169ng t\u1eebng c\u00e3i c\u1ecd v\u1edbi anh em trong nh\u00e0, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n gi\u1eadn h\u1ecd, v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 v\u00e0i n\u00e9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady trong phim\".Scarlett Johansson vai Natasha Romanoff / Black Widow (G\u00f3a Ph\u1ee5 \u0110en)M\u1ed9t gi\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n k\u0129 c\u00e0ng cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c g\u00ecn gi\u1eef h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, S.H.I.E.L.D. V\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi M\u1eaft \u01afng, Johansson n\u00f3i: \"Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhau trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u, t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0 hai th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m Bi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9i Si\u00eau Anh H\u00f9ng n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn binh th\u1ef1c th\u1ee5, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 si\u00eau n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eady, G\u00f3a ph\u1ee5 \u0111en ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong \u0111\u1ed9i, c\u00f4 \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n hay ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t con m\u1eaft h\u00ecnh vi\u00ean k\u1eb9o ng\u1ecdt ng\u00e0o, c\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, v\u00ec th\u1ebf t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4 g\u00e1i \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngang b\u1eb1ng nhau\". V\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n, Johansson n\u00f3i: \"M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi S\u1eaft 2 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m th\u1ee9 g\u00ec nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd ph\u1ea3i d\u1ed3n m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn lao. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng trong The Avengers, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f3ng th\u1ebf, chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nam di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c, n\u00f3 th\u1eadt \u0111i\u00ean cu\u1ed3ng. T\u00f4i ch\u1eb3ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh nhau \u2013 l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf\".Jeremy Renner vai Clint Barton / Hawkeye (M\u1eaft \u01afng)M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7p vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a S.H.I.E.L.D v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ecfi b\u1eafn cung, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn trong truy\u1ec7n tranh nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \"Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eafn gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi\". Renner n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vai di\u1ec5n v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 anh \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u1eafn cung v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao nh\u1ea5t. V\u1ec1 vai di\u1ec5n, Renner n\u00f3i: \"Khi t\u00f4i xem Ng\u01b0\u1eddi S\u1eaft, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00fa kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng si\u00eau anh h\u00f9ng. Sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt Hawkeye, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i th\u00edch c\u00e1ch anh ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t si\u00eau anh h\u00f9ng, anh ta ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1eafn cung gi\u1ecfi. T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3\". V\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1eafn cung c\u1ee7a Hawkeye, Renner n\u00f3i: \"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c ch\u01a1i \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c. Anh ta l\u00e0 k\u1ebb ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o. S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Scarlett, Natasha. \u0110\u00f3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 tay tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi tay ph\u1ea3i v\u1eady. H\u1ecd c\u00f9ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3 hai, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ebfn tay ch\u00e2n\".Tom Hiddleston vai LokiEm trai c\u1ee7a Thor v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 (d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng t\u00ean).Samuel L. Jackson vai Nick FuryNg\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a S.H.I.E.L.D., ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 phim tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ea3y ra \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 \"Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch b\u00e1o th\u00f9\". Jackson \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mang \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ebfn 9 phim c\u1ee7a Marvel. Jackson n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng anh th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3i di\u1ec5n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 phim tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y: \"B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i phim \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e2u\". V\u1ec1 vai di\u1ec5n, Jackson n\u00f3i: \"N\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb ph\u1ea3n di\u1ec7n trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i\".Clark Gregg vai Phil CoulsonM\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a S.H.I.E.L.D, ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan s\u00e1t c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c. Gregg \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n vai nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u phim c\u1ee7a Marvel. N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 vai di\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng ra trong The Avengers: \"Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7c v\u1ee5 Coulson l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u truy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c anh ta l\u00e0m l\u00e0 mang nh\u1eefng si\u00eau anh h\u00f9ng l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau. N\u00f3 h\u01a1i si\u00eau th\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0 ai \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang ch\u01a1i tr\u00f2 l\u1ed1 b\u1ecbch v\u1eady. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eady, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi cho chuy\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 qua v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong 5 n\u0103m qua\". Gregg n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Whedon \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t fan c\u1ee7a Captain America (\u0110\u1ed9i Tr\u01b0\u1edfng M\u1ef9).Cobie Smulders vai Maria HillM\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7p vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a S.H.I.E.L.D, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c th\u00e2n c\u1eadn v\u1edbi Nick Fury.", "Avi Arad \u2013 gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Marvel l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ed9 phim v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2005, sau khi Marvel Enterprise tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi Merrill Lynch \u0111\u00e3 cho ra 1 danh s\u00e1ch t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 phim s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi Paramout Pictures. Marvel th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i di\u1ec5n v\u0103n ng\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi kh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh b\u1ed9 phim t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n Zak Penn cho phim Hulk 2008 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Marvel thu\u00ea l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n cho Avengers. Th\u00e1ng 6/2007, Penn x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1edbi b\u1ed9 phim nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 n\u00f3 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh s\u1edbm \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eady. V\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian 2007 \u2013 2008, Marvel \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1edbi Writers Guil of America \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 phim d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n truy\u1ec7n tranh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. Sau s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi S\u1eaft (2008), c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e1ng 7/2011 l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh Avengers.", "Th\u00e1ng 2/2009, Samuel k\u00fd h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi Marvel \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai Nick Fury trong Ng\u01b0\u1eddi S\u1eaft 2 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng phim kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt. Th\u00e1ng 9/2009, Edward ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u anh s\u1ebd tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi vai Hulk trong Avengers. Th\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfp theo, nh\u00e0 s\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t Jou Favreau ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u anh s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n b\u1ed9 phim nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u00f3 l\u1eddi n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong \u0111\u00f3. Jou c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn phim: \"N\u00f3 s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean quan r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi S\u1eaft, v\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi S\u1eaft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t anh h\u00f9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, v\u1edbi Avengers, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u th\u00eam v\u00e0i di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o si\u00eau nhi\u00ean m\u1edbi n\u1eefa, b\u1edfi v\u00ec Thor, l\u00e0 hai trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau th\u00edch nh\u1ea5t trong truy\u1ec7n tranh, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 \u0111i qua xa v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra\". Th\u00e1ng 3/2009, di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean Scarlett Johansson th\u1ebf Emily Blunt \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai Natasha trong Ng\u01b0\u1eddi S\u1eaft 2, m\u1ed9t th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a c\u00f4 t\u1edbi Avengers. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gia nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Scarlett l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t n\u1eef anh h\u00f9ng m\u1edbi t\u00ean l\u00e0 'Wasp'. Ng\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp theo Marvel th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o s\u1ebd d\u1eddi ng\u00e0y ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 4/5/2012, g\u1ea7n 1 n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3. Chris Hemsworth v\u00e0 Tom Hiddleston tham gia v\u00e0o Avengers v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6 v\u1edbi vai di\u1ec5n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.", "Matt nh\u00ecn xung quanh Red Hook \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft. \u00d4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb b\u1eaft c\u00f3c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan v\u1edbi DEA. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 anh nh\u1eafc \u0111i nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc xe v\u00e0 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng g\u1ea7n n\u01a1i Carrie \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. M\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi Matt h\u1ecfi cho anh ta m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i t\u00ean kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean van, hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng s\u01a1n l\u1ea1i xe. Matt \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 v\u1ee5 gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. \u00d4ng \u0111\u1ecdc hai b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n t\u00ean l\u00e0 Marie Gotteskind v\u00e0 Leila Anderssen. \u0110\u1eb1ng sau anh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 t\u00ean l\u00e0 TJ (Brian \"Astro\" Bradley). Matt h\u1ecfi c\u1eadu b\u00e9 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 v\u1edbi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c b\u00e0i b\u00e1o kh\u00e1c. C\u00f9ng nhau, h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong th\u00f9ng r\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n hoa, trong khi t\u00fai kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7y v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf trong ao c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ngh\u0129a trang. Matt \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn ngh\u0129a trang \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi coi, Jonas Loogan (Olafur Darri Olafsson). \u00d4ng ta c\u1ed1 qu\u00ean vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef ch\u1ebft trong nh\u1eefng t\u00fai x\u00e1ch, v\u00e0 t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn khi Matt nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i.", "Sau khi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u s\u00fang, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 r\u1eb1ng TJ \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ebbn v\u00e0o ph\u00eda sau c\u1ee7a van c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb b\u1eaft c\u00f3c v\u00e0 theo h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u00d4ng l\u1ea5y t\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p Matt bi\u1ebft. Trong ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, Albert b\u00f3p c\u1ed5 Ray v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t Garrote trong t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m. \u00d4ng \u0111i l\u00ean l\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n khi Matt, Kenny, v\u00e0 TJ v\u00e0o nh\u00e0. Matt c\u00f2ng Albert v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 r\u1eddi b\u1ecf anh \u0111\u1ec3 Kenny. Matt g\u1eedi TJ tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc taxi. Kenny whacks Albert v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t chai v\u00e0 \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7u thang \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm Ray. Albert c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t m\u00ecnh. Matt quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i 12 b\u01b0\u1edbc anh nghe n\u00f3i t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp AA. Anh ta t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y x\u00e1c ch\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n tay c\u1ee7a Kenny \u1edf t\u1ea7ng d\u01b0\u1edbi. Albert t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Matt v\u00e0 h\u1ecd chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi Matt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eafn Albert v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u.", "Sau khi th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong vi\u1ec7c th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi h\u00e3ng \u0111\u0129a Lava v\u00e0 Atlantic v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2009, Kesha k\u00fd m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n v\u1edbi h\u00e3ng \u0111\u0129a RCA th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a Dr. Luke. Sau khi d\u00e0nh 6 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho album \u0111\u1ea7u tay c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, c\u00f4 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n n\u00f3 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Luke v\u00e0 Max Martin. C\u00f4 vi\u1ebft 200 b\u00e0i h\u00e1t cho album. Album \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1edfi Dr. Luke, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u00e1t c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Martin, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 Benny Blanco v\u00e0 Ammo. Album ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu mang th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i electropop v\u1edbi ph\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0 synth, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i phong c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Dr. Luke. Animal xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed qu\u00e1n qu\u00e2n tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng Billboard 200 khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2010. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn b\u1ea1ch kim t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n hai tri\u1ec7u b\u1ea3n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng th\u00e1ng 9. \u0110\u0129a \u0111\u01a1n m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u cho album, \"Tik Tok\", ph\u00e1 k\u1ec9 l\u1ee5c cho l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1n ra cao nh\u1ea5t trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n, b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n 610,000 b\u1ea3n, cao nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn nay cho m\u1ed9t ca s\u0129 n\u1eef. N\u00f3 gi\u1eef v\u1eefng \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ea3ng trong v\u00f2ng ch\u00edn tu\u1ea7n v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ea7u tay th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb Debby Boone v\u1edbi \"You Light Up My Life\" v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1977. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u01a1n kh\u00e1c t\u1eeb album, \"Blah Blah Blah\", \"Your Love Is My Drug\" v\u00e0 \"Take It Off\" \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 khi m\u1ed7i b\u00e0i h\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1ecdt v\u00e0o top ten t\u1ea1i \u00dac, Canada v\u00e0 Hoa K\u1ef3. Kesha c\u0169ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean hai \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u01a1n top ten c\u1ee7a Taio Cruz v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m nh\u1ea1c electro-pop 3OH!3.C\u00e1ch th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t ng\u00f4ng cu\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 gu th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 h\u00e0o nho\u00e1ng, m\u00e0 Kesha coi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u00e3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111em l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng cho c\u00f4. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c, trong khi s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1ng tin. C\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u0169 c\u1ee7a Kesha t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng ty DAS Communications \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n ki\u1ec7n sau \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00f2i hoa h\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 14 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 t\u1eeb Kesha v\u00e0 12 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 t\u1eeb Dr. Luke cho h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 v\u1edbi h\u00e3ng \u0111\u0129a RCA, cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 gia h\u1ea1n cho h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng thu \u00e2m r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean b\u1ecf h\u1ecd \u0111i d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a Dr. Luke. Kesha b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10, tr\u00edch d\u1eabn Lu\u1eadt d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ca s\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n \u1edf California v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u1ee6y vi\u00ean Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Califnornia c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 v\u1edbi DAS v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c b\u1edfi v\u00ec DAS l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p khi ki\u1ebfm vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00f4 \u1edf California, n\u01a1i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m. V\u1ee5 \u00e1n k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2012 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi album th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh. Kesha t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i l\u01b0u di\u1ec5n t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 16 th\u00e1ng 6, n\u0103m 2010 cho n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n l\u0169 v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 5 \u1edf Tennessee t\u1eeb qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 Nashville. C\u00f4 thu v\u1ec1 h\u01a1n 70,000 \u0111\u00f4 t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y. C\u00f4 l\u00e0 ca s\u0129 m\u1edf m\u00e0n cho tour l\u01b0u di\u1ec5n Last Girl on Earth \u1edf B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a Rihanna v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Gi\u1ea3i \u00c2m nh\u1ea1c ch\u00e2u \u00c2u c\u1ee7a MTV trao t\u1eb7ng gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng cho Ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2010.", "C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 3394, m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0n n\u0103m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n kh\u1ecfi Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, sau khi n\u00f3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt ngo\u00e0i h\u00e0nh tinh kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Gauna (\u5947\u5c45\u5b50\uff08\u30ac\u30a6\u30ca\uff09, Gauna), tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc phi thuy\u1ec1n \u201d t\u00e0u h\u1ea1t m\u1ea7m \u201d kh\u00f4ng gian kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tinh. M\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 phi thuy\u1ec1n \"Sidonia\", \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u00ednh n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n v\u00f4 t\u00ednh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, sinh s\u1ea3n v\u00f4 t\u00ednh, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 gene (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c cho ph\u00e9p con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng quang h\u1ee3p) tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u00ed m\u1eadt l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t t\u1eed. V\u1edbi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 h\u01a1n 500.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, Sidonia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con t\u00e0u \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.", "C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n xoay quanh nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt Nagate Tanikaze, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea7ng ng\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a Sidonia k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi sinh ra v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y b\u1edfi \u00f4ng c\u1ee7a anh. Ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd g\u1eb7p b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai kh\u00e1c, anh t\u1ef1 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3 l\u1eadp \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o phi c\u00f4ng c\u0169 m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 n\u00f3. Sau c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00f4ng, anh \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t phi c\u00f4ng V\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n, khi m\u00e0 Sidonia m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi Gauna.", "Theo \u0111i\u1ec1u tra d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 2 n\u0103m 2000, qu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 16.653 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, 6.511 h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 4.557 gia \u0111\u00ecnh s\u1ed1ng trong qu\u1eadn h\u1ea1t. M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 20 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t d\u1eb7m vu\u00f4ng (8/km \u00b2). C\u00f3 7.247 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb nh\u00e0 \u1edf m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a 8 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t d\u1eb7m vu\u00f4ng (3/km \u00b2). C\u01a1 c\u1ea5u d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a c\u01b0 d\u00e2n sinh s\u1ed1ng \u1edf qu\u1eadn n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m 97,33% ng\u01b0\u1eddi da tr\u1eafng, 0,61% da \u0111en hay M\u1ef9 g\u1ed1c Phi, 0,59% ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9, 0,15% ch\u00e2u \u00c1, Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng 0,01%, 0,39% t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 0,92% t\u1eeb hai ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c. 1,07% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hispanic hay Latino thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c n\u00e0o.", "T\u1ec9nh Pathum Thani (ti\u1ebfng Th\u00e1i: \u0e1b\u0e17\u0e38\u0e21\u0e18\u0e32\u0e19\u0e35) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ec9nh (changwat) \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Trung c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1i Lan. T\u1ec9nh n\u00e0y gi\u00e1p c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh (t\u1eeb ph\u00eda B\u1eafc theo chi\u1ec1u kim \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3): Ayutthaya, Saraburi, Nakhon Nayok, Chachoengsao, Bangkok v\u00e0 Nonthaburi. T\u1ec9nh n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m ch\u00ednh B\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Bangkok v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb Bangkok v\u00e0 ranh gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa t\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 Bangkok kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng do t\u1ec9nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a cao nh\u01b0 Bangkok. T\u1ec9nh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Thamasat n\u1eb1m \u1edf huy\u1ec7n Khlong Luang c\u1ee7a Pathum Thani).", "T\u1ec9nh Pathum Thani (ti\u1ebfng Th\u00e1i: \u0e1b\u0e17\u0e38\u0e21\u0e18\u0e32\u0e19\u0e35) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ec9nh (changwat) \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Trung c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1i Lan. T\u1ec9nh n\u00e0y gi\u00e1p c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh (t\u1eeb ph\u00eda B\u1eafc theo chi\u1ec1u kim \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3): Ayutthaya, Saraburi, Nakhon Nayok, Chachoengsao, Bangkok v\u00e0 Nonthaburi. T\u1ec9nh n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m ch\u00ednh B\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Bangkok v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb Bangkok v\u00e0 ranh gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa t\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 Bangkok kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng do t\u1ec9nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a cao nh\u01b0 Bangkok. T\u1ec9nh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Thamasat n\u1eb1m \u1edf huy\u1ec7n Khlong Luang c\u1ee7a Pathum Thani).", "Th\u00e0nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m d\u00e2n M\u00f4n di c\u01b0 t\u1eeb Mothama \u1edf Myanma \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 t\u1eeb 1650. T\u00ean g\u1ecdi ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 Sam Khok. N\u0103m 1815 vua Rama II th\u0103m th\u00e0nh n\u00e0y v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e2ng vua nhi\u1ec1u hoa Sen. Do \u0111\u00f3, vua Rama II \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean th\u00e0nh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Pathum Thani c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a Th\u00e0nh Hoa Sen.", "Pathum Thani l\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u1eadp trung nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 s\u1edf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc Th\u00e1i Lan. T\u1ec9nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 trung t\u00e2m khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c.", "Theo \u0111i\u1ec1u tra d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 M\u1ef9 n\u0103m 2000, 2 c\u00f3 49.019 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, 19.253 h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 13.631 gia \u0111\u00ecnh s\u1ed1ng trong qu\u1eadn h\u1ea1t. M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 57 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t d\u1eb7m Anh vu\u00f4ng (22/km\u0422\u0412). C\u00f3 21.097 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb nh\u00e0 \u1edf v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 24 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t d\u1eb7m Anh vu\u00f4ng (9/km\u0422\u0412). C\u01a1 c\u1ea5u ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n c\u01b0 sinh s\u1ed1ng trong qu\u1eadn bao g\u1ed3m 97,99% ng\u01b0\u1eddi da tr\u1eafng, 0,82% da \u0111en hay M\u1ef9 g\u1ed1c Phi, 0,22% ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9, 0,18% ch\u00e2u \u00c1, Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng 0,03%, 0,15% t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 0,61% t\u1eeb hai ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c. 0,62% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hispanic hay Latino thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c n\u00e0o. 32,9% l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ed1c \u0110\u1ee9c, 12,8% ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, 12,0% ti\u1ebfng Anh, 10,5% v\u00e0 8,6% Ailen g\u1ed1c \u00dd theo \u0111i\u1ec1u tra d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 n\u0103m 2000.", "C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u1ea5u \u0103n Anh t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 15, 16 v\u00e0 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 17 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a th\u1ecbt v\u00e0 tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n cho b\u00e1nh. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u1ea5u \u0103n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean bao g\u1ed3m d\u1ea5m v\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1ee3u vang, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 18, r\u01b0\u1ee3u ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1ee3u m\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i gia v\u1ecb nh\u01b0 \u0110inh h\u01b0\u01a1ng, h\u1ea1t nh\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eadu kh\u1ea5u v\u00e0 qu\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c m\u00f3n \u0103n th\u1ecbt th\u1eddi cu\u1ed1i trung c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u01b0ng. S\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb ng\u1ecdt t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00eam v\u00e0o, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men, l\u00e0m mincemeat c\u00e0ng \u00edt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n \u0103n t\u1ed1i th\u01a1m ngon v\u00e0 gi\u00fap n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u00f3n tr\u00e1ng mi\u1ec7ng.", "Ti\u1ebfng Serbia (\u0441\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0438 / srpski, ph\u00e1t \u00e2m [sr\u0329\u0302pski\u02d0]) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a ti\u1ebfng Serbia-Croatia, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Serb n\u00f3i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Serbia, l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Kosovo, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong ba ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Bosna v\u00e0 Herzegovina. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u1edf Montenegro, n\u01a1i n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i b\u1edfi ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u01b0, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf Croatia, Macedonia, Rom\u00e2nia, Hungary, Slovakia, v\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a S\u00e9c.", "Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1t chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u1edbn 8\u201310 cm, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1 c\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 12 cm. C\u00e1 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng kho\u1ea3ng 20-60 g. L\u01b0ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1edbi m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng n\u00e2u xen k\u1ebd v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea3y m\u00e0u x\u00e1m ho\u1eb7c n\u00e2u nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean d\u00e3y gai. V\u1ea3y b\u1ee5ng m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c m\u00e0u cam. C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 d\u00e0i v\u00e0 m\u1ecfng. C\u00f3 6 r\u00e2u xung quanh mi\u1ec7ng. D\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eaft c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u1ea1nh hai m\u0169i nh\u1ecdn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00edch \u0111au.", "Trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai, \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng Singapore t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1942 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1945. Khi chi\u1ebfn tranh k\u1ebft th\u00fac, Singapore tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Anh Qu\u1ed1c, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ec9nh cao l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c Singapore h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p bang Malaya \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh Malaysia v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1963. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 tranh ch\u1ea5p gi\u1eefa \u0110\u1ea3ng H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n t\u1ea1i Singapore v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea3ng Li\u00ean minh c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n t\u1ea1i li\u00ean bang khi\u1ebfn Singapore t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi Malaysia. Singapore tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1965.", "T\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 16 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o M\u00e3 Lai d\u1ea7n b\u1ecb c\u00e1c c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha \u0111\u1ebfn Malacca v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1509. Trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 17, ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e0 Lan th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u01b0u th\u1ebf ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha, H\u00e0 Lan ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng trong khu v\u1ef1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e0 Lan thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch trong qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u01a1ng li\u1ec7u- \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c. C\u00e1c c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c dan kh\u00e1c, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh, b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u1ecf.N\u0103m 1818, Stamford Raffles \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m Ph\u00f3 Th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba Anh t\u1ea1i Bencoolen. \u00d4ng qu\u1ea3 quy\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng Anh Qu\u1ed1c n\u00ean thay th\u1ebf H\u00e0 Lan trong vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c chi ph\u1ed1i trong qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o, do tuy\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch gi\u1eefa Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 thu\u1ed9c Anh \u0111i qua qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e0 Lan g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Anh Qu\u1ed1c trong khu v\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5m ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong c\u00e1c b\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng do H\u00e0 Lan ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1nh thu\u1ebf cao. Stamford Raffles hy v\u1ecdng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e0 Lan b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t b\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng m\u1edbi d\u1ecdc theo eo bi\u1ec3n Malacca, h\u00e0nh lang ch\u00ednh cho t\u00e0u thuy\u1ebfn tr\u00ean tuy\u1ebfn m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9-Trung Qu\u1ed1c. \u00d4ng thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 Francis Rawdon-Hastings v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i C\u00f4ng ty \u0110\u00f4ng \u1ea4n Anh \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c vi\u1ec5n chinh nh\u1eb1m t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t c\u0103n c\u1ee9 m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Anh trong khu v\u1ef1c.Stamford Raffles \u0111\u1ebfn Singapore v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 28 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1819 v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u1ea3o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng m\u1edbi. \u0110\u1ea3o n\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea7u nam c\u1ee7a b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o M\u00e3 Lai, g\u1ea7n eo bi\u1ec3n Malacca, v\u00e0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n cung n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt, v\u00e0 g\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 tu b\u1ed5 t\u00e0u. Stamford Raffles ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u00e3 Lai, v\u1edbi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0i tr\u0103m, t\u1ea1i c\u1eeda s\u00f4ng Singapore, th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh l\u00e0 Temenggong Abdu'r Rahman. Tr\u00ean danh ngh\u0129a, \u0111\u1ea3o n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng Johor, song qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e0 Lan v\u00e0 Bugis. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c b\u1ecb suy y\u1ebfu do ph\u00e2n tranh b\u00e8 ph\u00e1i v\u00e0 Temenggong Abdu'r Rahman v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quan vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi anh c\u1ee7a Tengkoo Rahman l\u00e0 Tengku Hussein (hay Tengku Long)- ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u vong t\u1ea1i Riau. V\u1edbi tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap c\u1ee7a Temenggong, Stamford Raffles t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0a Hussein tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Singapore. Stamford Raffles \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn Tengku Hussein l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Johor v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e1p h\u00e0ng n\u0103m; \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea1i, Hussein s\u1ebd trao cho Anh Qu\u1ed1c quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1m m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch t\u1ea1i Singapore. M\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd k\u1ebft v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 6 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1819 v\u00e0 Singapore hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ra \u0111\u1eddi.", "Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 H\u00e0 Lan nhanh ch\u00f3ng kh\u00e1ng ngh\u1ecb v\u1edbi Anh Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m khu v\u1ef1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a H\u00e0 Lan. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do Singapore nhanh ch\u00f3ng n\u1ed5i l\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea3ng quan tr\u1ecdng, Anh Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 y\u00eau s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea3o. Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh Anh-H\u00e0 Lan 1824 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Singapore l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a Anh Qu\u1ed1c, chia c\u1eaft qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o M\u00e3 Lai gi\u1eefa hai c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n m\u00e0 theo \u0111\u00f3 khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00eda b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a eo bi\u1ec3n Malacca, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 Singapore, n\u1eb1m trong khu v\u1ef1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Anh Qu\u1ed1c. N\u0103m 1826, Singapore c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Penang v\u00e0 Malacca h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh C\u00e1c khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 Eo bi\u1ec3n, do C\u00f4ng ty \u0110\u00f4ng \u1ea4n Anh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. N\u0103m 1830, C\u00e1c khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 Eo bi\u1ec3n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t residency, hay ph\u00e2n khu, c\u1ee7a khu qu\u1ea3n h\u1ea1t Bengal thu\u1ed9c \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 thu\u1ed9c Anh.Trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean sau \u0111\u00f3, Singapore ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong khu v\u1ef1c. Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, bao g\u1ed3m m\u1edf c\u1eeda th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c, s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc vi\u1ec5n d\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cao su v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfc t\u1ea1i Malaya. V\u1ecb th\u1ebf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3ng t\u1ef1 do t\u1ea1o l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho Singapore so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u1ea3ng thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 Batavia (Jakarta) v\u00e0 Manila- nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u00e1p thu\u1ebf quan, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 thu h\u00fat nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa, M\u00e3 Lai, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, v\u00e0 \u1ea2 R\u1eadp ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 \u0111\u1ebfn Singapore. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o Suez v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1869 s\u1ebd th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y h\u01a1n n\u1eefa m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch t\u1ea1i Singapore. N\u0103m 1880, tr\u00ean 1,5 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng qua Singapore m\u1ed7i n\u0103m, v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 80% h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng t\u00e0u h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch trung chuy\u1ec3n, ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00edt h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 bu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u1ea1i Singapore, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng bu\u00f4n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, song c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n Do Th\u00e1i, Trung Hoa, \u1ea2 R\u1eadp, Armenia, Hoa K\u1ef3, v\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n trung gian ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa, h\u1ecd x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft trao \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c1.\u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1827, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i Singapore. H\u1ecd bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Peranakan l\u00e0 h\u1eadu du\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 ban \u0111\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng phu ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa k\u00e9o sang Singapore \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Hoa Nam. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa t\u0103ng l\u00ean nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb Chi\u1ebfn tranh Nha phi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (1839 \u2013 1842) v\u00e0 Chi\u1ebfn tranh Nha phi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 hai (1856 \u2013 1860). Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn Singapore v\u1edbi th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn lao c\u00f4ng kh\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 h\u1ecd ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 nam gi\u1edbi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u00e3 Lai l\u00e0 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 hai cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1860, h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ng\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p, th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng \u0103n l\u01b0\u01a1ng trong khi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong nh\u1eefng kampung (l\u00e0ng). \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1860, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 hai. Nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0ng ngh\u1ec1, th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1t quang r\u1eebng r\u1eadm hay l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c binh s\u0129 Sepoy ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Anh Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3n tr\u00fa t\u1ea1i Singapore.B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Singapore, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1, kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n c\u01b0. C\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1i t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Trong khi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1830 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1867, th\u00ec quy m\u00f4 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i Singapore v\u1eabn b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 y t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 t\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadu m\u00f9a l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 y t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 thi\u1ebfu n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 d\u00e2n c\u01b0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 nam gi\u1edbi, t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 h\u1ecdc, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n. N\u0103m 1850, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 12 s\u0129 quan c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u1edbi g\u1ea7n 60.000 d\u00e2n. M\u1ea1i d\u00e2m, c\u1edd b\u1ea1c, v\u00e0 l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. C\u00e1c bang h\u1ed9i t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bang h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean. Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c bang h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00f4i khi khi\u1ebfn cho h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nh\u1eb1m \u00e1p ch\u1ebf h\u1ecd c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.", "Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 H\u00e0 Lan nhanh ch\u00f3ng kh\u00e1ng ngh\u1ecb v\u1edbi Anh Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m khu v\u1ef1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a H\u00e0 Lan. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do Singapore nhanh ch\u00f3ng n\u1ed5i l\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea3ng quan tr\u1ecdng, Anh Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 y\u00eau s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea3o. Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh Anh-H\u00e0 Lan 1824 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Singapore l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a Anh Qu\u1ed1c, chia c\u1eaft qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o M\u00e3 Lai gi\u1eefa hai c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n m\u00e0 theo \u0111\u00f3 khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00eda b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a eo bi\u1ec3n Malacca, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 Singapore, n\u1eb1m trong khu v\u1ef1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Anh Qu\u1ed1c. N\u0103m 1826, Singapore c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Penang v\u00e0 Malacca h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh C\u00e1c khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 Eo bi\u1ec3n, do C\u00f4ng ty \u0110\u00f4ng \u1ea4n Anh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. N\u0103m 1830, C\u00e1c khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 Eo bi\u1ec3n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t residency, hay ph\u00e2n khu, c\u1ee7a khu qu\u1ea3n h\u1ea1t Bengal thu\u1ed9c \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 thu\u1ed9c Anh.Trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean sau \u0111\u00f3, Singapore ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong khu v\u1ef1c. Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, bao g\u1ed3m m\u1edf c\u1eeda th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c, s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc vi\u1ec5n d\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cao su v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfc t\u1ea1i Malaya. V\u1ecb th\u1ebf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3ng t\u1ef1 do t\u1ea1o l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho Singapore so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u1ea3ng thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 Batavia (Jakarta) v\u00e0 Manila- nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u00e1p thu\u1ebf quan, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 thu h\u00fat nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa, M\u00e3 Lai, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, v\u00e0 \u1ea2 R\u1eadp ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 \u0111\u1ebfn Singapore. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o Suez v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1869 s\u1ebd th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y h\u01a1n n\u1eefa m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch t\u1ea1i Singapore. N\u0103m 1880, tr\u00ean 1,5 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng qua Singapore m\u1ed7i n\u0103m, v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 80% h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng t\u00e0u h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch trung chuy\u1ec3n, ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00edt h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 bu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u1ea1i Singapore, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng bu\u00f4n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, song c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n Do Th\u00e1i, Trung Hoa, \u1ea2 R\u1eadp, Armenia, Hoa K\u1ef3, v\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n trung gian ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa, h\u1ecd x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft trao \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c1.\u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1827, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i Singapore. H\u1ecd bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Peranakan l\u00e0 h\u1eadu du\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 ban \u0111\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng phu ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa k\u00e9o sang Singapore \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Hoa Nam. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa t\u0103ng l\u00ean nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb Chi\u1ebfn tranh Nha phi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (1839 \u2013 1842) v\u00e0 Chi\u1ebfn tranh Nha phi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 hai (1856 \u2013 1860). Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn Singapore v\u1edbi th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn lao c\u00f4ng kh\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 h\u1ecd ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 nam gi\u1edbi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u00e3 Lai l\u00e0 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 hai cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1860, h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ng\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p, th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng \u0103n l\u01b0\u01a1ng trong khi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong nh\u1eefng kampung (l\u00e0ng). \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1860, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 hai. Nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0ng ngh\u1ec1, th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1t quang r\u1eebng r\u1eadm hay l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c binh s\u0129 Sepoy ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Anh Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3n tr\u00fa t\u1ea1i Singapore.B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Singapore, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1, kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n c\u01b0. C\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1i t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Trong khi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1830 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1867, th\u00ec quy m\u00f4 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i Singapore v\u1eabn b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 y t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 t\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadu m\u00f9a l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 y t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 thi\u1ebfu n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 d\u00e2n c\u01b0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 nam gi\u1edbi, t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 h\u1ecdc, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n. N\u0103m 1850, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 12 s\u0129 quan c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u1edbi g\u1ea7n 60.000 d\u00e2n. M\u1ea1i d\u00e2m, c\u1edd b\u1ea1c, v\u00e0 l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. C\u00e1c bang h\u1ed9i t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bang h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean. Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c bang h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00f4i khi khi\u1ebfn cho h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nh\u1eb1m \u00e1p ch\u1ebf h\u1ecd c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.", "Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 H\u00e0 Lan nhanh ch\u00f3ng kh\u00e1ng ngh\u1ecb v\u1edbi Anh Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m khu v\u1ef1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a H\u00e0 Lan. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do Singapore nhanh ch\u00f3ng n\u1ed5i l\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea3ng quan tr\u1ecdng, Anh Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 y\u00eau s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea3o. Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh Anh-H\u00e0 Lan 1824 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Singapore l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a Anh Qu\u1ed1c, chia c\u1eaft qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o M\u00e3 Lai gi\u1eefa hai c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n m\u00e0 theo \u0111\u00f3 khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00eda b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a eo bi\u1ec3n Malacca, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 Singapore, n\u1eb1m trong khu v\u1ef1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Anh Qu\u1ed1c. N\u0103m 1826, Singapore c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Penang v\u00e0 Malacca h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh C\u00e1c khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 Eo bi\u1ec3n, do C\u00f4ng ty \u0110\u00f4ng \u1ea4n Anh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. N\u0103m 1830, C\u00e1c khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 Eo bi\u1ec3n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t residency, hay ph\u00e2n khu, c\u1ee7a khu qu\u1ea3n h\u1ea1t Bengal thu\u1ed9c \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 thu\u1ed9c Anh.Trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean sau \u0111\u00f3, Singapore ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong khu v\u1ef1c. Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, bao g\u1ed3m m\u1edf c\u1eeda th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c, s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc vi\u1ec5n d\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cao su v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfc t\u1ea1i Malaya. V\u1ecb th\u1ebf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3ng t\u1ef1 do t\u1ea1o l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho Singapore so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u1ea3ng thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 Batavia (Jakarta) v\u00e0 Manila- nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u00e1p thu\u1ebf quan, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 thu h\u00fat nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa, M\u00e3 Lai, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, v\u00e0 \u1ea2 R\u1eadp ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 \u0111\u1ebfn Singapore. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o Suez v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1869 s\u1ebd th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y h\u01a1n n\u1eefa m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch t\u1ea1i Singapore. N\u0103m 1880, tr\u00ean 1,5 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng qua Singapore m\u1ed7i n\u0103m, v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 80% h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng t\u00e0u h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch trung chuy\u1ec3n, ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00edt h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 bu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u1ea1i Singapore, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng bu\u00f4n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, song c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n Do Th\u00e1i, Trung Hoa, \u1ea2 R\u1eadp, Armenia, Hoa K\u1ef3, v\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n trung gian ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa, h\u1ecd x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft trao \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c1.\u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1827, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i Singapore. H\u1ecd bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Peranakan l\u00e0 h\u1eadu du\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 ban \u0111\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng phu ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa k\u00e9o sang Singapore \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Hoa Nam. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa t\u0103ng l\u00ean nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb Chi\u1ebfn tranh Nha phi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (1839 \u2013 1842) v\u00e0 Chi\u1ebfn tranh Nha phi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 hai (1856 \u2013 1860). Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn Singapore v\u1edbi th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn lao c\u00f4ng kh\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 h\u1ecd ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 nam gi\u1edbi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u00e3 Lai l\u00e0 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 hai cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1860, h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ng\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p, th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng \u0103n l\u01b0\u01a1ng trong khi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong nh\u1eefng kampung (l\u00e0ng). \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1860, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 hai. Nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0ng ngh\u1ec1, th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1t quang r\u1eebng r\u1eadm hay l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c binh s\u0129 Sepoy ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Anh Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3n tr\u00fa t\u1ea1i Singapore.B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Singapore, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1, kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n c\u01b0. C\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1i t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Trong khi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1830 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1867, th\u00ec quy m\u00f4 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i Singapore v\u1eabn b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 y t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 t\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadu m\u00f9a l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 y t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 thi\u1ebfu n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 d\u00e2n c\u01b0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 nam gi\u1edbi, t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 h\u1ecdc, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n. N\u0103m 1850, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 12 s\u0129 quan c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u1edbi g\u1ea7n 60.000 d\u00e2n. M\u1ea1i d\u00e2m, c\u1edd b\u1ea1c, v\u00e0 l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. C\u00e1c bang h\u1ed9i t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bang h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean. Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c bang h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00f4i khi khi\u1ebfn cho h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nh\u1eb1m \u00e1p ch\u1ebf h\u1ecd c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.", "Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 H\u00e0 Lan nhanh ch\u00f3ng kh\u00e1ng ngh\u1ecb v\u1edbi Anh Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m khu v\u1ef1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a H\u00e0 Lan. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do Singapore nhanh ch\u00f3ng n\u1ed5i l\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea3ng quan tr\u1ecdng, Anh Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 y\u00eau s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea3o. Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh Anh-H\u00e0 Lan 1824 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Singapore l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a Anh Qu\u1ed1c, chia c\u1eaft qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o M\u00e3 Lai gi\u1eefa hai c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n m\u00e0 theo \u0111\u00f3 khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00eda b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a eo bi\u1ec3n Malacca, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 Singapore, n\u1eb1m trong khu v\u1ef1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Anh Qu\u1ed1c. N\u0103m 1826, Singapore c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Penang v\u00e0 Malacca h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh C\u00e1c khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 Eo bi\u1ec3n, do C\u00f4ng ty \u0110\u00f4ng \u1ea4n Anh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. N\u0103m 1830, C\u00e1c khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 Eo bi\u1ec3n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t residency, hay ph\u00e2n khu, c\u1ee7a khu qu\u1ea3n h\u1ea1t Bengal thu\u1ed9c \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 thu\u1ed9c Anh.Trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean sau \u0111\u00f3, Singapore ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong khu v\u1ef1c. Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, bao g\u1ed3m m\u1edf c\u1eeda th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c, s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc vi\u1ec5n d\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cao su v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfc t\u1ea1i Malaya. V\u1ecb th\u1ebf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3ng t\u1ef1 do t\u1ea1o l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho Singapore so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u1ea3ng thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 Batavia (Jakarta) v\u00e0 Manila- nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u00e1p thu\u1ebf quan, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 thu h\u00fat nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa, M\u00e3 Lai, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, v\u00e0 \u1ea2 R\u1eadp ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 \u0111\u1ebfn Singapore. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o Suez v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1869 s\u1ebd th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y h\u01a1n n\u1eefa m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch t\u1ea1i Singapore. N\u0103m 1880, tr\u00ean 1,5 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng qua Singapore m\u1ed7i n\u0103m, v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 80% h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng t\u00e0u h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch trung chuy\u1ec3n, ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00edt h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 bu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u1ea1i Singapore, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng bu\u00f4n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, song c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n Do Th\u00e1i, Trung Hoa, \u1ea2 R\u1eadp, Armenia, Hoa K\u1ef3, v\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n trung gian ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa, h\u1ecd x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft trao \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c1.\u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1827, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i Singapore. H\u1ecd bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Peranakan l\u00e0 h\u1eadu du\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 ban \u0111\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng phu ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa k\u00e9o sang Singapore \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Hoa Nam. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa t\u0103ng l\u00ean nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb Chi\u1ebfn tranh Nha phi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (1839 \u2013 1842) v\u00e0 Chi\u1ebfn tranh Nha phi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 hai (1856 \u2013 1860). Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn Singapore v\u1edbi th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn lao c\u00f4ng kh\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 h\u1ecd ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 nam gi\u1edbi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u00e3 Lai l\u00e0 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 hai cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1860, h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ng\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p, th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng \u0103n l\u01b0\u01a1ng trong khi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong nh\u1eefng kampung (l\u00e0ng). \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1860, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 hai. Nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0ng ngh\u1ec1, th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1t quang r\u1eebng r\u1eadm hay l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c binh s\u0129 Sepoy ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Anh Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3n tr\u00fa t\u1ea1i Singapore.B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Singapore, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1, kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n c\u01b0. C\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1i t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Trong khi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1830 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1867, th\u00ec quy m\u00f4 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i Singapore v\u1eabn b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 y t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 t\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadu m\u00f9a l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 y t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 thi\u1ebfu n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 d\u00e2n c\u01b0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 nam gi\u1edbi, t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 h\u1ecdc, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n. N\u0103m 1850, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 12 s\u0129 quan c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u1edbi g\u1ea7n 60.000 d\u00e2n. M\u1ea1i d\u00e2m, c\u1edd b\u1ea1c, v\u00e0 l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. C\u00e1c bang h\u1ed9i t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bang h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean. Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c bang h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00f4i khi khi\u1ebfn cho h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nh\u1eb1m \u00e1p ch\u1ebf h\u1ecd c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.", "Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn Singapore: xung \u0111\u1ed9t trong \u0111\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng lan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 binh bi\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1915 do c\u00e1c binh s\u0129 sepoy ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3n tr\u00fa t\u1ea1i Singapore ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh. Sau khi nghe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng tin \u0111\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0a h\u1ecd \u0111i chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c Ottoman, c\u00e1c binh s\u0129 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady, s\u00e1t h\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng s\u0129 quan c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2n Anh Qu\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Johor v\u00e0 Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1ea5n \u00e1p.Sau chi\u1ebfn tranh, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Anh Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t c\u0103n c\u1ee9 h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n t\u1ea1i Singapore, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tham v\u1ecdng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1939, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00f9ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Anh Qu\u1ed1c trong s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng. Winston Churchill ca ng\u1ee3i n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 \"Gibraltar c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng.\" Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i. H\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Anh Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00f3ng t\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn Singapore khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Tuy nhi\u00ean, sau khi Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1939, H\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Anh Qu\u1ed1c.", "Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nam qua b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o M\u00e3 Lai, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecf qua kh\u00e1ng c\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ed3ng Minh. Do kh\u00e1ng c\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Minh bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i tri\u1ec7t tho\u00e1i v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nam h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn Singapore. Ng\u00e0y 31 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1942, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n chinh ph\u1ee5c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o M\u00e3 Lai v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Singapore.L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Minh ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eafp cao n\u1ed1i Johor v\u00e0 Singapore nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Tuy nhi\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua eo bi\u1ec3n Johor tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng thuy\u1ec1n kh\u00ed n\u00e9n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Minh v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n t\u1eeb d\u00e2n c\u01b0 Singapore ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0i tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ed1ng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 tr\u1eadn Pasir Panjang. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00f4ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t, Trung t\u01b0\u1edbng Arthur Percival l\u1ec7nh cho l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Minh t\u1ea1i Singapore \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n T\u01b0\u1edbng Tomoyuki Yamashita v\u00e0o T\u1ebft Nguy\u00ean \u0110\u00e1n n\u0103m Nh\u00e2m Ng\u1ecd, 15 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1942. Kho\u1ea3ng 130.000 binh s\u0129 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, \u00dac, v\u00e0 Anh Qu\u1ed1c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u00f9 binh chi\u1ebfn tranh, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean, hay M\u00e3n Ch\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n Singapore th\u1ea5t th\u1ee7 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng do Anh Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. B\u00e1o ch\u00ed Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n h\u00e2n hoan tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh.Singapore \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh Chi\u00eau Nam \u0111\u1ea3o (\u662d\u5357\u5cf6 Sh\u014dnan-t\u014d), v\u00e0 b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1942 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1945. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi d\u00e2n c\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00e1c binh s\u0129 m\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Kempeitai (hi\u1ebfn binh \u0111\u1ed9i) \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u00e0 d\u00e2n c\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t T\u00fac Thanh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa, nh\u1eb1m tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u0169a h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c chi\u1ebfn tranh t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c. C\u00e1c v\u1ee5 h\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1i quy m\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh khi\u1ebfn cho 25.000-50.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng t\u1ea1i Malaya v\u00e0 Singapore. Nh\u1eefng d\u00e2n c\u01b0 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng trong ba n\u0103m r\u01b0\u1ee1i b\u1ecb Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng.", "Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nam qua b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o M\u00e3 Lai, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecf qua kh\u00e1ng c\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ed3ng Minh. Do kh\u00e1ng c\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Minh bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i tri\u1ec7t tho\u00e1i v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nam h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn Singapore. Ng\u00e0y 31 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1942, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n chinh ph\u1ee5c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o M\u00e3 Lai v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Singapore.L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Minh ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eafp cao n\u1ed1i Johor v\u00e0 Singapore nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Tuy nhi\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua eo bi\u1ec3n Johor tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng thuy\u1ec1n kh\u00ed n\u00e9n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Minh v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n t\u1eeb d\u00e2n c\u01b0 Singapore ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0i tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ed1ng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 tr\u1eadn Pasir Panjang. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00f4ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t, Trung t\u01b0\u1edbng Arthur Percival l\u1ec7nh cho l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Minh t\u1ea1i Singapore \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n T\u01b0\u1edbng Tomoyuki Yamashita v\u00e0o T\u1ebft Nguy\u00ean \u0110\u00e1n n\u0103m Nh\u00e2m Ng\u1ecd, 15 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1942. Kho\u1ea3ng 130.000 binh s\u0129 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, \u00dac, v\u00e0 Anh Qu\u1ed1c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u00f9 binh chi\u1ebfn tranh, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean, hay M\u00e3n Ch\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n Singapore th\u1ea5t th\u1ee7 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng do Anh Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. B\u00e1o ch\u00ed Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n h\u00e2n hoan tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh.Singapore \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh Chi\u00eau Nam \u0111\u1ea3o (\u662d\u5357\u5cf6 Sh\u014dnan-t\u014d), v\u00e0 b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1942 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1945. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi d\u00e2n c\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00e1c binh s\u0129 m\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Kempeitai (hi\u1ebfn binh \u0111\u1ed9i) \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u00e0 d\u00e2n c\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t T\u00fac Thanh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa, nh\u1eb1m tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u0169a h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c chi\u1ebfn tranh t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c. C\u00e1c v\u1ee5 h\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1i quy m\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh khi\u1ebfn cho 25.000-50.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng t\u1ea1i Malaya v\u00e0 Singapore. Nh\u1eefng d\u00e2n c\u01b0 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng trong ba n\u0103m r\u01b0\u1ee1i b\u1ecb Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng.", "Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nam qua b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o M\u00e3 Lai, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecf qua kh\u00e1ng c\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ed3ng Minh. Do kh\u00e1ng c\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Minh bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i tri\u1ec7t tho\u00e1i v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nam h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn Singapore. Ng\u00e0y 31 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1942, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n chinh ph\u1ee5c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o M\u00e3 Lai v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Singapore.L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Minh ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eafp cao n\u1ed1i Johor v\u00e0 Singapore nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Tuy nhi\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua eo bi\u1ec3n Johor tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng thuy\u1ec1n kh\u00ed n\u00e9n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Minh v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n t\u1eeb d\u00e2n c\u01b0 Singapore ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0i tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ed1ng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 tr\u1eadn Pasir Panjang. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00f4ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t, Trung t\u01b0\u1edbng Arthur Percival l\u1ec7nh cho l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Minh t\u1ea1i Singapore \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n T\u01b0\u1edbng Tomoyuki Yamashita v\u00e0o T\u1ebft Nguy\u00ean \u0110\u00e1n n\u0103m Nh\u00e2m Ng\u1ecd, 15 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1942. Kho\u1ea3ng 130.000 binh s\u0129 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, \u00dac, v\u00e0 Anh Qu\u1ed1c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u00f9 binh chi\u1ebfn tranh, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean, hay M\u00e3n Ch\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n Singapore th\u1ea5t th\u1ee7 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng do Anh Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. B\u00e1o ch\u00ed Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n h\u00e2n hoan tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh.Singapore \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh Chi\u00eau Nam \u0111\u1ea3o (\u662d\u5357\u5cf6 Sh\u014dnan-t\u014d), v\u00e0 b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1942 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1945. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi d\u00e2n c\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00e1c binh s\u0129 m\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Kempeitai (hi\u1ebfn binh \u0111\u1ed9i) \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u00e0 d\u00e2n c\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t T\u00fac Thanh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa, nh\u1eb1m tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u0169a h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c chi\u1ebfn tranh t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c. C\u00e1c v\u1ee5 h\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1i quy m\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh khi\u1ebfn cho 25.000-50.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng t\u1ea1i Malaya v\u00e0 Singapore. Nh\u1eefng d\u00e2n c\u01b0 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng trong ba n\u0103m r\u01b0\u1ee1i b\u1ecb Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng.", "Sau khi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Minh v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1945, Singapore r\u01a1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng v\u00f4 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn; c\u01b0\u1edbp b\u00f3c v\u00e0 gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1o th\u00f9 lan r\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c binh s\u0129 Anh Qu\u1ed1c d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a B\u00e1 t\u01b0\u1edbc Louis Mountbatten tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Singapore \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n trong khu v\u1ef1c t\u1eeb T\u01b0\u1edbng Itagaki Seishiro nh\u00e2n danh Nguy\u00ean so\u00e1i Hisaichi Terauchi v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 12 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1945. M\u1ed9t Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Anh Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Singapore, t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1946. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y trong chi\u1ebfn tranh, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea3ng t\u1ea1i b\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng Singapore. X\u1ea3y ra m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebfu \u0103n, b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m v\u00e0 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c lan tr\u00e0n. Gi\u00e1 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao, n\u1ea1n th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed9 trong m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1947 g\u00e2y \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1ec7 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng trong giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1947, kinh t\u1ebf b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y nh\u1edd nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebfc v\u00e0 cao su tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, song ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t v\u00e0i n\u0103m n\u1eefa th\u00ec kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edbi tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i m\u1ee9c ti\u1ec1n chi\u1ebfn.Do Anh Qu\u1ed1c th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 Singapore, h\u1ecd b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t \u0111i s\u1ef1 t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m trong \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Singapore. Nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean sau chi\u1ebfn tranh ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb trong d\u00e2n c\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m ph\u1ea3n th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f3m t\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u Merdeka, hay \"\u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\" trong ti\u1ebfng M\u00e3 Lai. V\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n m\u00ecnh, Anh Qu\u1ed1c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea7n t\u0103ng quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb cho Singapore v\u00e0 Malaya. Ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1946, C\u00e1c khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 Eo bi\u1ec3n b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 Singapore tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba v\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea5t ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1c. Trong th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1947, c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ri\u00eang r\u1ebd v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed s\u00e1u th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0o n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3.T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1ea1i Singapore \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c trong th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1948, song ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u00e1u trong s\u1ed1 25 gh\u1ebf t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed. Ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n Anh Qu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c trong h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng do Th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed9i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn. \u0110\u1ea3ng Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 Singapore (SPP) b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ba gh\u1ebf th\u00f4ng qua b\u1ea7u c\u1eed, c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ba gh\u1ebf c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.", "B\u1ea7u c\u1eed ngh\u1ecb h\u1ed9i l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 2 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1955 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tranh \u0111\u1ea5u s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i v\u00e0 kh\u00edt khao, khi v\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea3ng m\u1edbi tham gia c\u1ea1nh tranh. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00ed, c\u1eed tri \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd, t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 c\u01b0 tri l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 300.000. \u0110\u1ea3ng Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed, ch\u1ec9 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1n gh\u1ebf. M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u00ean t\u1ea3 m\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi 10 gh\u1ebf v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi li\u00ean minh UMNO-MCA (c\u00f3 3 gh\u1ebf).", "L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 David Marshall tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch b\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Singapore. \u00d4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu, nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00edt h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i gia t\u0103ng, v\u00e0 trong th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1955, b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng xe bu\u00fdt Ph\u00fac L\u1ee3i (Hock Lee) b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t, khi\u1ebfn b\u1ed1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb s\u00e1t h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a Marshall b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. N\u0103m 1956, b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng trung h\u1ecdc Hoa v\u0103n b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t trong c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Trung h\u1ecdc Hoa ki\u1ec1u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng gi\u1eefa ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n vi\u00ean-nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m t\u00ecnh c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n.", "V\u00e0o s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1965, Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Malaysia b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 126\u20130 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p tr\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t Singapore kh\u1ecfi li\u00ean bang; v\u00e0i gi\u1edd sau \u0111\u00f3, Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n Singapore th\u00f4ng qua \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Singapore, ki\u1ebfn l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n. L\u00fd Quang Di\u1ec7u bu\u1ed3n b\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 trong m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tr\u00ean truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh r\u1eb1ng Singapore \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. \u00d4ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \"\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn. Trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eddi t\u00f4i, cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a hai l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5.\" Yusof bin Ishak \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Singapore.", "V\u00e0o s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1965, Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Malaysia b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 126\u20130 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p tr\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t Singapore kh\u1ecfi li\u00ean bang; v\u00e0i gi\u1edd sau \u0111\u00f3, Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n Singapore th\u00f4ng qua \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Singapore, ki\u1ebfn l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n. L\u00fd Quang Di\u1ec7u bu\u1ed3n b\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 trong m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tr\u00ean truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh r\u1eb1ng Singapore \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. \u00d4ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \"\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn. Trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eddi t\u00f4i, cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a hai l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5.\" Yusof bin Ishak \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Singapore.", "V\u00e0o s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1965, Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Malaysia b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 126\u20130 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p tr\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t Singapore kh\u1ecfi li\u00ean bang; v\u00e0i gi\u1edd sau \u0111\u00f3, Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n Singapore th\u00f4ng qua \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Singapore, ki\u1ebfn l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n. L\u00fd Quang Di\u1ec7u bu\u1ed3n b\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 trong m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tr\u00ean truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh r\u1eb1ng Singapore \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. \u00d4ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \"\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn. Trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eddi t\u00f4i, cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a hai l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5.\" Yusof bin Ishak \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Singapore.", "Thi\u1ebfu nh\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t, v\u1ec7 sinh k\u00e9m, v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u1eeb t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn y t\u1ebf. S\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 l\u1ea5n chi\u1ebfm d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n Bukit Ho Swee trong n\u0103m 1961 khi\u1ebfn cho b\u1ed1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 16.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c m\u1ea5t nh\u00e0 \u1edf. C\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u00e0 \u1edf quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u1eb1m cung c\u1ea5p nh\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1i \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u00e1c khu l\u1ea5n chi\u1ebfm. Trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp ni\u00ean, \u0111a s\u1ed1 d\u00e2n c\u01b0 d\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng trong c\u00e1c c\u0103n h\u1ed9 n\u00e0y. D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Nh\u00e0 \u1edf qu\u1ef9 c\u00f4ng t\u00edch (CPF) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1968, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c d\u00e2n c\u01b0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 mua c\u00e1c c\u0103n h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5c Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u00e0 \u1edf v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n gia t\u0103ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu nh\u00e0 t\u1ea1i Singapore.Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Anh Qu\u1ed1c v\u1eabn \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n t\u1ea1i Singapore sau khi \u0111\u1ea3o qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, song \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1968, Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 tri\u1ec7t tho\u00e1i l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1971. Singapore thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i v\u0169 trang, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5c d\u1ecbch qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1967.", "C\u1ee5c Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u00e0 \u1edf ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y nh\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c khu \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb m\u1edbi, nh\u01b0 Ang Mo Kio. C\u00e1c khu d\u00e2n c\u01b0 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u0103n h\u1ed9 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111i k\u00e8m l\u00e0 ti\u1ec7n nghi t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. N\u0103m 1987, tuy\u1ebfn giao th\u00f4ng cao t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang (MRT) \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111i v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c khu nh\u00e0 \u1edf n\u00e0y v\u1edbi khu v\u1ef1c trung t\u00e2m.\u0110\u1ea3ng Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c chi ph\u1ed1i t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb t\u1ea1i Singapore, \u0111\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y gi\u00e0nh to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1ed1 gh\u1ebf trong ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed t\u1eeb 1966 \u0111\u1ebfn 1981. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp g\u1ecdi quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111o\u00e1n, h\u1ecd cho r\u1eb1ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb.Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Singapore tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean phi tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed c\u1eed trong ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1984 nh\u1eb1m cho ph\u00e9p ba \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean th\u1ea5t c\u1eed t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m ngh\u1ecb vi\u00ean. Khu t\u1eadp tuy\u1ec3n (GRCs) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1988 nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb b\u1ea7u c\u1eed nhi\u1ec1u gh\u1ebf, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 trong ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n. Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1990 nh\u1eb1m cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt phi \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i phi tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngh\u1ecb vi\u00ean. Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p Singapore \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1991 nh\u1eb1m quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ph\u1ee7 quy\u1ebft trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n r\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng khu t\u1eadp tuy\u1ec3n g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn trong b\u1ea7u c\u1eed ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea7u c\u1eed \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3ng nh\u1ecf.N\u0103m 1990, L\u00fd Quang Di\u1ec7u chuy\u1ec3n giao quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng cho Ng\u00f4 T\u00e1c \u0110\u1ed1ng, nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec c\u1ee7a Singapore. Ng\u00f4 T\u00e1c \u0110\u1ed1ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t phong c\u00e1nh l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1edfi m\u1edf v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb h\u01a1n khi qu\u1ed1c gia ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a. N\u0103m 1997, Singapore ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb Kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ch\u00e2u \u00c1 1997 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.", "Trong \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 2000, Singapore tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng, g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 d\u1ecbch SARS b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2003 v\u00e0 \u0111e d\u1ecda c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1. Trong th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2001, m\u1ed9t \u00e2m m\u01b0u \u0111\u00e1nh bom c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng kh\u00e1c t\u1ea1i Singapore b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 36 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m Jemaah Islamiyah b\u1ecb b\u1eaft theo \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt An ninh n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do ch\u00fang g\u00e2y n\u00ean. \u0110\u1ea3o qu\u1ed1c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c nhau.N\u0103m 2004, con trai c\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a L\u00fd Quang Di\u1ec7u l\u00e0 L\u00fd Hi\u1ec3n Long tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ee9 ba c\u1ee7a Singapore. \u00d4ng ban h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt ph\u1ee5c d\u1ecbch qu\u1ed1c gia t\u1eeb hai n\u0103m r\u01b0\u1ee1i xu\u1ed1ng hai n\u0103m, v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a c\u1edd b\u1ea1c s\u00f2ng b\u1ea1c.", "Sinh ra t\u1ea1i Los Angeles, California, Jolie l\u00e0 con g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean Jonathan Vincent \"Jon\" Voight v\u00e0 Marcheline Bertrand. Jolie l\u00e0 em g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean James Haven v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ch\u00e1u g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a ca s\u0129 ki\u00eam nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 Chip Taylor. Cha m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4, Jacqueline Bisset v\u00e0 Maximilian Schell c\u0169ng l\u00e0 di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean. V\u1ec1 ph\u00eda cha, Jolie c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 Slovakia. V\u1ec1 ph\u00eda m\u1eb9, c\u00f4 c\u00f3 g\u1ed1c g\u00e1c t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi Canada g\u1ed1c Ph\u00e1p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e0 Lan v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c. Jolie mang d\u00f2ng m\u00e1u Iroquois t\u1eeb m\u1eb9, m\u1eb7c cho t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Huron th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVII.", "Khi b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 li d\u1ecb v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1976, Jolie v\u00e0 anh trai s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi m\u1eb9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u01b0\u1edbc m\u01a1 l\u00e0m di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn Palisades, qu\u1eadn Rockland, New York c\u00f9ng hai con. T\u1eeb khi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb, Jolie th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean xem phim c\u00f9ng m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y, c\u00f4 cho bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng bu\u1ed5i xem phim \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c ni\u1ec1m \u0111am m\u00ea l\u00e0m di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean trong c\u00f4 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0o t\u1eeb cha, m\u1eb7c cho c\u00f4 t\u1eebng tham gia m\u1ed9t vai nh\u1ecf trong Lookin' to Get Out (1982) c\u1ee7a Voight. Khi Jolie s\u00e1u tu\u1ed5i, m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 cha d\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4, nh\u00e0 l\u00e0m phim Bill Day, chuy\u1ec3n gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i Palisades, New York; v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i Los Angeles v\u00e0o 5 n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3. Khi \u0111\u00f3, Jolie quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4 mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean v\u00e0 theo h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n \u0110i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 S\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u Lee Strasberg. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o trong hai n\u0103m v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong v\u00e0i v\u1edf k\u1ecbch.", "Khi b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 li d\u1ecb v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1976, Jolie v\u00e0 anh trai s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi m\u1eb9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u01b0\u1edbc m\u01a1 l\u00e0m di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn Palisades, qu\u1eadn Rockland, New York c\u00f9ng hai con. T\u1eeb khi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb, Jolie th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean xem phim c\u00f9ng m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y, c\u00f4 cho bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng bu\u1ed5i xem phim \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c ni\u1ec1m \u0111am m\u00ea l\u00e0m di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean trong c\u00f4 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0o t\u1eeb cha, m\u1eb7c cho c\u00f4 t\u1eebng tham gia m\u1ed9t vai nh\u1ecf trong Lookin' to Get Out (1982) c\u1ee7a Voight. Khi Jolie s\u00e1u tu\u1ed5i, m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 cha d\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4, nh\u00e0 l\u00e0m phim Bill Day, chuy\u1ec3n gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i Palisades, New York; v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i Los Angeles v\u00e0o 5 n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3. Khi \u0111\u00f3, Jolie quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4 mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean v\u00e0 theo h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n \u0110i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 S\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u Lee Strasberg. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o trong hai n\u0103m v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong v\u00e0i v\u1edf k\u1ecbch.", "Jolie b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec5n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103m 16 tu\u1ed5i, d\u00f9 sau \u0111\u00f3 g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c tuy\u1ec3n vai, th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb cho r\u1eb1ng phong th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \"qu\u00e1 \u1ea3m \u0111\u1ea1m.\" C\u00f4 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong 5 b\u1ed9 phim t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p do anh trai m\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n khi theo h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng USC School of Cinema-Television, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 video \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c nh\u01b0 \"Stand by My Woman\" c\u1ee7a Lenny Kravitz (1991), \"Alta Marea\" c\u1ee7a Antonello Venditti (1991), \"It's About Time\" c\u1ee7a The Lemonheads (1993) v\u00e0 \"Rock & Roll Dreams Come Through\" c\u1ee7a Meat Loaf (1993). C\u00f4 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1eeb b\u1ed1, v\u00ec c\u00f4 ch\u00fa \u00fd r\u1eb1ng b\u1ed1 c\u00f4 c\u0169ng h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch quan s\u00e1t nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 l\u00e0m theo h\u1ecd. Quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00fac n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, Jolie nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \"ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00edch l\u00e0m l\u1edbn chuy\u1ec7n\".M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Jolie \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n n\u0103m trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 phim h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng do anh trai c\u00f4 l\u00e0m khi \u00f4ng theo h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh USC (tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Nam California), s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 ch\u1ec9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1993. N\u0103m \u0111\u00f3, Jolie v\u00e0o vai n\u1eef ch\u00ednh Casella \"Cash\" Reese, trong m\u1ed9t phim gi\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edfng kinh ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p l\u00e0 Cyborg 2; Reese l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e1y g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9t nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i t\u1ef1 h\u1ee7y. Jolie \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 phim n\u00e0y t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c c\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng tham gia th\u1eed di\u1ec5n l\u1ea1i trong c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m. Sau m\u1ed9t vai di\u1ec5n ph\u1ee5 trong phim Without Evidence, Jolie tham gia b\u1ed9 phim Hollywood \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00f4, vai di\u1ec5n Kate \"Acid Burn\" Libby trong phim Hackers (1995). T\u1edd b\u00e1o The New York Times vi\u1ebft: \"Kate (Angelina Jolie) n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt h\u01a1n c\u1ea3. C\u00e1i qu\u00e1c m\u1eaft gi\u1eadn d\u1eef c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 c\u00f2n chua ch\u00e1t h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 [b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng di\u1ec5n] v\u00e0 th\u1eadt hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u1eef tin t\u1eb7c n\u00e0o l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1ed3i ch\u0103m ch\u00fa b\u00ean b\u00e0n ph\u00edm trong m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o b\u00f3 s\u00e1t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.\" B\u1ed9 phim th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp n\u00ean doanh thu ph\u00f2ng chi\u1ebfu nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 y\u00eau m\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o sau \u0111\u1ee3t ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh video.C\u00f4 tham gia v\u00e0o vai Gina Malacici trong v\u1edf h\u00e0i k\u1ecbch Love Is All There Is (1996), m\u1ed9t ph\u1ecfng t\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Romeo and Juliet l\u1ea5y b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh hai ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dd c\u1ea1nh tranh nhau \u1edf Bronx, New York. Sau \u0111\u00f3, Jolie ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c g\u00f3p m\u1eb7t v\u00e0o Mojave Moon (1996) trong vai m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef tr\u1ebb, Eleanor Rigby, \u0111em l\u00f2ng y\u00eau nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt tu\u1ed5i trung ni\u00ean (do Danny Aiello th\u1ee7 vai) trong khi \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi m\u1eb9 c\u00f4 (do Anne Archer th\u1ee7 vai). N\u0103m 1996, Jolie tham gia phim Foxfire v\u1edbi vai vi\u1ec5n Margret \"Legs\" Sadovsky, m\u1ed9t trong n\u0103m c\u00f4 g\u00e1i thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng ai ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn sau khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e1nh lui m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh vi qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c h\u1ecd. B\u00e1o Los Angeles Times vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4: \"M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n do Maddy d\u1eabn l\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng Legs l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 phim.\"N\u0103m 1997, Jolie \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eb7p v\u1edbi David Duchovny trong c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n trinh th\u00e1m Playing God, l\u1ea5y b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a Los Angeles. Gi\u1edbi ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y t\u00edch c\u1ef1c; Roger Ebert n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \"Angelina Jolie t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i khi v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t vai kh\u00f4 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 hung h\u0103ng; c\u00f4 \u1ea5y c\u00f3 v\u1ebb qu\u00e1 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u1ea1n g\u00e1i [c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m], v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang v\u1eady.\" Jolie sau \u0111\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong phim truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh True Women, m\u1ed9t phim ch\u00ednh k\u1ecbch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed pha l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n l\u1ea5y b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y Hoa K\u1ef3, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean cu\u1ed1n ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft c\u00f9ng t\u00ean c\u1ee7a Janice Woods Windle. C\u00f9ng n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f4 l\u1ea1i g\u00f3p m\u1eb7t trong video \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c \"Anybody Seen My Baby?\" c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m nh\u1ea1c Rolling Stones.", "Jolie b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec5n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103m 16 tu\u1ed5i, d\u00f9 sau \u0111\u00f3 g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c tuy\u1ec3n vai, th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb cho r\u1eb1ng phong th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \"qu\u00e1 \u1ea3m \u0111\u1ea1m.\" C\u00f4 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong 5 b\u1ed9 phim t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p do anh trai m\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n khi theo h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng USC School of Cinema-Television, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 video \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c nh\u01b0 \"Stand by My Woman\" c\u1ee7a Lenny Kravitz (1991), \"Alta Marea\" c\u1ee7a Antonello Venditti (1991), \"It's About Time\" c\u1ee7a The Lemonheads (1993) v\u00e0 \"Rock & Roll Dreams Come Through\" c\u1ee7a Meat Loaf (1993). C\u00f4 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1eeb b\u1ed1, v\u00ec c\u00f4 ch\u00fa \u00fd r\u1eb1ng b\u1ed1 c\u00f4 c\u0169ng h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch quan s\u00e1t nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 l\u00e0m theo h\u1ecd. Quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00fac n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, Jolie nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \"ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00edch l\u00e0m l\u1edbn chuy\u1ec7n\".M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Jolie \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n n\u0103m trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 phim h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng do anh trai c\u00f4 l\u00e0m khi \u00f4ng theo h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh USC (tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Nam California), s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 ch\u1ec9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1993. N\u0103m \u0111\u00f3, Jolie v\u00e0o vai n\u1eef ch\u00ednh Casella \"Cash\" Reese, trong m\u1ed9t phim gi\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edfng kinh ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p l\u00e0 Cyborg 2; Reese l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e1y g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9t nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i t\u1ef1 h\u1ee7y. Jolie \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 phim n\u00e0y t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c c\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng tham gia th\u1eed di\u1ec5n l\u1ea1i trong c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m. Sau m\u1ed9t vai di\u1ec5n ph\u1ee5 trong phim Without Evidence, Jolie tham gia b\u1ed9 phim Hollywood \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00f4, vai di\u1ec5n Kate \"Acid Burn\" Libby trong phim Hackers (1995). T\u1edd b\u00e1o The New York Times vi\u1ebft: \"Kate (Angelina Jolie) n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt h\u01a1n c\u1ea3. C\u00e1i qu\u00e1c m\u1eaft gi\u1eadn d\u1eef c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 c\u00f2n chua ch\u00e1t h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 [b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng di\u1ec5n] v\u00e0 th\u1eadt hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u1eef tin t\u1eb7c n\u00e0o l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1ed3i ch\u0103m ch\u00fa b\u00ean b\u00e0n ph\u00edm trong m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o b\u00f3 s\u00e1t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.\" B\u1ed9 phim th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp n\u00ean doanh thu ph\u00f2ng chi\u1ebfu nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 y\u00eau m\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o sau \u0111\u1ee3t ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh video.C\u00f4 tham gia v\u00e0o vai Gina Malacici trong v\u1edf h\u00e0i k\u1ecbch Love Is All There Is (1996), m\u1ed9t ph\u1ecfng t\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Romeo and Juliet l\u1ea5y b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh hai ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dd c\u1ea1nh tranh nhau \u1edf Bronx, New York. Sau \u0111\u00f3, Jolie ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c g\u00f3p m\u1eb7t v\u00e0o Mojave Moon (1996) trong vai m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef tr\u1ebb, Eleanor Rigby, \u0111em l\u00f2ng y\u00eau nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt tu\u1ed5i trung ni\u00ean (do Danny Aiello th\u1ee7 vai) trong khi \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi m\u1eb9 c\u00f4 (do Anne Archer th\u1ee7 vai). N\u0103m 1996, Jolie tham gia phim Foxfire v\u1edbi vai vi\u1ec5n Margret \"Legs\" Sadovsky, m\u1ed9t trong n\u0103m c\u00f4 g\u00e1i thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng ai ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn sau khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e1nh lui m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh vi qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c h\u1ecd. B\u00e1o Los Angeles Times vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4: \"M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n do Maddy d\u1eabn l\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng Legs l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 phim.\"N\u0103m 1997, Jolie \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eb7p v\u1edbi David Duchovny trong c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n trinh th\u00e1m Playing God, l\u1ea5y b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a Los Angeles. Gi\u1edbi ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y t\u00edch c\u1ef1c; Roger Ebert n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \"Angelina Jolie t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i khi v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t vai kh\u00f4 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 hung h\u0103ng; c\u00f4 \u1ea5y c\u00f3 v\u1ebb qu\u00e1 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u1ea1n g\u00e1i [c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m], v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang v\u1eady.\" Jolie sau \u0111\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong phim truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh True Women, m\u1ed9t phim ch\u00ednh k\u1ecbch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed pha l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n l\u1ea5y b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y Hoa K\u1ef3, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean cu\u1ed1n ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft c\u00f9ng t\u00ean c\u1ee7a Janice Woods Windle. C\u00f9ng n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f4 l\u1ea1i g\u00f3p m\u1eb7t trong video \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c \"Anybody Seen My Baby?\" c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m nh\u1ea1c Rolling Stones.", "N\u0103m 1999, Jolie tham gia phim h\u00e0i ch\u00ednh k\u1ecbch Pushing Tin c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n Mike Newell c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi John Cusack, Billy Bob Thornton v\u00e0 Cate Blanchett. Phim nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn tr\u00e1i chi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Jolie\u2014c\u00f4 v\u1ee3 quy\u1ebfn r\u0169 c\u1ee7a Thornton\u2014b\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch gay g\u1eaft. B\u00e1o Washington Post cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4 \"l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u0103n l\u1ed1 b\u1ecbch vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef ph\u00f3ng kho\u00e1ng kh\u00f3c l\u00f3c khi c\u00e2y d\u00e2m b\u1ee5t c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 ta ch\u1ebft h\u00e9o, mang tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0ng t\u00e1 nh\u1eabn ng\u1ecdc lam v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n khi Russell xa nh\u00e0 trong v\u00f2ng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00eam.\" Jolie sau \u0111\u00f3 g\u00f3p m\u1eb7t trong The Bone Collector (1999), b\u1ea3n chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh phim t\u1eeb ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i \u00e1c c\u1ee7a Jeffery Deaver, c\u00f9ng b\u1ea1n di\u1ec5n Denzel Washington. Jolie v\u00e0o vai Amelia Donaghy, m\u1ed9t s\u0129 quan c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t b\u1ecb \u00e1m \u1ea3nh b\u1edfi v\u1ee5 t\u1ef1 s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a cha m\u00ecnh, v\u1ed1n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t v\u00e0 c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 mi\u1ec5n c\u01b0\u1ee1ng gi\u00fap Washington l\u1ea7n ra d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t. B\u1ed9 phim thu v\u1ec1 151 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4la M\u1ef9 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong gi\u1edbi ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh. B\u00e1o Detroit Free Press k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn, \"M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Jolie lu\u00f4n quy\u1ebfn r\u0169 nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t vai kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.\"", "Jolie tham gia vai ph\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch ch\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u00ean Lisa Rowe, trong Girl, Interrupted (1999). B\u1ed9 phim k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n Susanna Kaysen, chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb h\u1ed3i k\u00fd c\u00f9ng t\u00ean c\u1ee7a Kaysen. C\u00f4 nh\u1eadn Gi\u1ea3i Qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7u v\u00e0ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 ba, Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean \u0110i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh th\u1ee9 hai v\u00e0 Gi\u1ea3i Oscar cho n\u1eef di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean ph\u1ee5 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t. T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Variety vi\u1ebft, \"Jolie xu\u1ea5t th\u1ea7n trong vai m\u1ed9t c\u00f4 g\u00e1i b\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n v\u00e0 v\u00f4 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng thu\u1ed1c m\u00e0u nhi\u1ec7m h\u01a1n m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o m\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u1ee7a Susanna \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m\".N\u0103m 2000, Jolie xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 phim bom t\u1ea5n m\u00f9a h\u00e8, Gone In 60 Seconds, l\u00e0 phim c\u00f3 doanh thu cao nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 Jolie t\u1eebng tham gia di\u1ec5n xu\u1ea5t t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, v\u1edbi 237 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4-la M\u1ef9 thu v\u1ec1 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. C\u00f4 v\u00e0o vai Sarah \"Sway\" Wayland, b\u1ea1n g\u00e1i c\u0169 c\u1ee7a t\u00ean tr\u1ed9m xe hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi Nicolas Cage. Washington Post ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh r\u1eb1ng \"t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f4 \u1ea5y l\u00e0m trong b\u1ed9 phim n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00f3, th\u1eadt b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh, t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh nh\u1eefng b\u1eafp th\u1ecbt \u0111\u00f3, n\u1edf ra co l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng c\u01a1 b\u1eafp \u1ea9n n\u00e1u th\u1eadt khi\u00eau kh\u00edch quanh h\u00e0m r\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u1ea5y.\"\"", "Jolie b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quay b\u1ed9 phim Tomb Raider t\u1ea1i Campuchia. Sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f4 chuy\u1ec3n ch\u00fa \u00fd sang Cao \u1ee7y Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n (UNHCR) \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Nh\u1eb1m t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, c\u00f4 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1i t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Trong th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2001, Jolie kh\u1edfi h\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c vi\u1ebfng th\u0103m nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c 18 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn Sierra Leone v\u00e0 Tanzania. Sau n\u00e0y c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf c\u00fa s\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u1edf \u0111\u00f3.Trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfp theo, c\u00f4 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Campuchia trong hai tu\u1ea7n v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 d\u00e2n t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n Afghanistan t\u1ea1i Pakistan, t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eb7ng 1 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la M\u1ef9 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n Afghanistan \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a Cao \u1ee7y Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n. C\u00f4 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd chi tr\u1ea3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Cao \u1ee7y Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn vi\u1ebfng th\u0103m c\u1ee7a c\u00f4. Ng\u00e0y 27 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 2001, Jolie \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 thi\u1ec7n ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a Cao \u1ee7y Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n t\u1ea1i tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y \u1edf Gen\u00e8ve.", "Trong th\u1eadp ni\u00ean ti\u1ebfp theo, c\u00f4 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n 40 chuy\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 d\u00e2n t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ea5t nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda t\u1ea1i h\u01a1n 30 qu\u1ed1c gia. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2002, khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi c\u00f4 k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f4 n\u00f3i: \"Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khen ng\u1ee3i cho nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 coi th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecd.\" C\u00f9ng l\u00fac ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh phim Beyond Borders, c\u00f4 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec3n Notes from My Travels (2003), tuy\u1ec3n t\u1eadp c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3m ngh\u0129 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y ghi d\u1ea5u nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u1edfi s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 (2001-02).", "Jolie \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00f4. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 2002, c\u00f4 nh\u1eadn Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh T\u1ecb n\u1ea1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 thu\u1ed9c Church World Service v\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i C\u00f4ng d\u00e2n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i ph\u00f3ng vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean H\u1ee3p Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2003. C\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao t\u1eb7ng Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u b\u1edfi UNA-USA v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2005 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u1eadn Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng T\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y ban C\u1ee9u tr\u1ee3 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2007. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2011, Cao \u1ee7y Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n Ant\u00f3nio Guterres vinh danh Jolie nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p l\u00e2u d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7, d\u01b0\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 thi\u1ec7n ch\u00ed UNHCR.V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2013, Jolie nh\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i Nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o Jean Hersholt, m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Oscar danh d\u1ef1 t\u1eeb H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n l\u00e2m Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh Hoa K\u1ef3. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 2014, c\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao t\u1eb7ng Honorary Dame Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (DCMG) cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Anh v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c trong chi\u1ebfn tr\u1eadn. N\u1eef ho\u00e0ng Elizabeth II trao t\u1eb7ng Jolie hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng danh d\u1ef1 trong bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5 ri\u00eang t\u01b0 di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10 c\u00f9ng n\u0103m.", "Ng\u00e0y 6 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 2005, Jolie nh\u1eadn nu\u00f4i m\u1ed9t b\u00e9 g\u00e1i 6 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i t\u00ean l\u00e0 Zahara Marley, t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1i m\u1ed3 c\u00f4i t\u1ea1i Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. C\u00f4 b\u00e9 sinh ng\u00e0y 8 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2005 v\u1edbi t\u00ean Yemsrach t\u1ea1i Awasa. Jolie ban \u0111\u1ea7u ngh\u0129 Zahara l\u00e0 tr\u1ebb m\u1ed3 c\u00f4i m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh AIDS, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u1eddi khai c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0, nh\u01b0ng m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 b\u00e9 sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf r\u01a1i gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u00ecnh khi Zahara tr\u1edf b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 cho r\u1eb1ng Zahara \"v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng may m\u1eafn\" khi Jolie nh\u1eadn nu\u00f4i c\u00f4 b\u00e9. Jolie c\u00f9ng Brad Pitt \u0111\u1ebfn Ethiopia \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n ch\u0103m s\u00f3c Zahara. C\u00f4 sau \u0111\u00f3 cho bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd c\u00f9ng nhau quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eadn nu\u00f4i t\u1eeb Ethiopia v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o c\u00f9ng n\u0103m. Sau khi Pitt th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eadn nu\u00f4i con c\u1ee7a c\u00f4, c\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec1n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ecd h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb \"Jolie\" th\u00e0nh \"Jolie-Pitt\", \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c California ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 19 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2006. Pitt nh\u1eadn nu\u00f4i Maddox v\u00e0 Zahara kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau \u0111\u00f3.Nh\u1eb1m tr\u00e1nh xa m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, Jolie v\u00e0 Pitt \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m Namibia trong l\u00fac c\u00f4 \u0111ang mang thai \u0111\u1ee9a con ru\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00f2ng. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 27 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 2006, Jolie h\u1ea1 sinh con g\u00e1i Shiloh Nouvel t\u1ea1i Swakopmund. C\u1eb7p \u0111\u00f4i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00e1n b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Shiloh qua Getty Images v\u1edbi mong mu\u1ed1n quy\u00ean g\u00f3p t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng tay s\u0103n \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p l\u1ea1i. T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed People v\u00e0 Hello! l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ea3 4.1 tri\u1ec7u v\u00e0 3.5 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4-la M\u1ef9 cho b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh theo lu\u1eadt B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Anh, m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c trong gi\u1edbi nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh b\u00e1o ch\u00ed ng\u00f4i sao l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u00ean g\u00f3p cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c UNICEF.Ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2007, Jolie nh\u1eadn nu\u00f4i Pax Thien, m\u1ed9t b\u00e9 trai ba tu\u1ed5i t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1i m\u1ed3 c\u00f4i t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u1eadu b\u00e9 sinh ng\u00e0y 29 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2003 v\u1edbi t\u00ean Ph\u1ea1m Quang S\u00e1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ecb m\u1eb9 ru\u1ed9t b\u1ecf r\u01a1i sau khi sinh t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n. Sau khi \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m tr\u1ea1i m\u1ed3 c\u00f4i c\u00f9ng Pitt v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2006, Jolie n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u nh\u1eadn nu\u00f4i v\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 v\u00ec quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn con nu\u00f4i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p ch\u01b0a c\u01b0\u1edbi. Sau khi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 M\u1ef9, c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec7 \u0111\u01a1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb t\u1eeb \"Jolie\" th\u00e0nh \"Jolie-Pitt\", \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn ng\u00e0y 31 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 2007. Pitt nh\u1eadn Pax l\u00e0 con nu\u00f4i t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2008.T\u1ea1i Li\u00ean hoan phim Cannes n\u0103m 2008, Jolie x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4 \u0111ang mang thai m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p song sinh. C\u00e1nh nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o v\u00e0 nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh gia t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u1edf b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Nice, Ph\u00e1p, n\u01a1i c\u00f4 c\u00f3 hai tu\u1ea7n ngh\u1ec9 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. C\u00f4 sinh con trai Knox L\u00e9on v\u00e0 con g\u00e1i Vivienne Marcheline v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 12 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 2008. B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Knox v\u00e0 Vivienne c\u00f9ng b\u00e1n cho People v\u00e0 Hello!, v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 14 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4-la M\u1ef9\u2014tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee5p. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u g\u00f3p v\u00e0o Qu\u1ef9 Jolie-Pitt.", "Ng\u00e0y 6 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 2005, Jolie nh\u1eadn nu\u00f4i m\u1ed9t b\u00e9 g\u00e1i 6 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i t\u00ean l\u00e0 Zahara Marley, t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1i m\u1ed3 c\u00f4i t\u1ea1i Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. C\u00f4 b\u00e9 sinh ng\u00e0y 8 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2005 v\u1edbi t\u00ean Yemsrach t\u1ea1i Awasa. Jolie ban \u0111\u1ea7u ngh\u0129 Zahara l\u00e0 tr\u1ebb m\u1ed3 c\u00f4i m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh AIDS, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u1eddi khai c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0, nh\u01b0ng m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 b\u00e9 sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf r\u01a1i gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u00ecnh khi Zahara tr\u1edf b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 cho r\u1eb1ng Zahara \"v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng may m\u1eafn\" khi Jolie nh\u1eadn nu\u00f4i c\u00f4 b\u00e9. Jolie c\u00f9ng Brad Pitt \u0111\u1ebfn Ethiopia \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n ch\u0103m s\u00f3c Zahara. C\u00f4 sau \u0111\u00f3 cho bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd c\u00f9ng nhau quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eadn nu\u00f4i t\u1eeb Ethiopia v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o c\u00f9ng n\u0103m. Sau khi Pitt th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eadn nu\u00f4i con c\u1ee7a c\u00f4, c\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec1n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ecd h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb \"Jolie\" th\u00e0nh \"Jolie-Pitt\", \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c California ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 19 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2006. Pitt nh\u1eadn nu\u00f4i Maddox v\u00e0 Zahara kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau \u0111\u00f3.Nh\u1eb1m tr\u00e1nh xa m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, Jolie v\u00e0 Pitt \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m Namibia trong l\u00fac c\u00f4 \u0111ang mang thai \u0111\u1ee9a con ru\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00f2ng. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 27 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 2006, Jolie h\u1ea1 sinh con g\u00e1i Shiloh Nouvel t\u1ea1i Swakopmund. C\u1eb7p \u0111\u00f4i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00e1n b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Shiloh qua Getty Images v\u1edbi mong mu\u1ed1n quy\u00ean g\u00f3p t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng tay s\u0103n \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p l\u1ea1i. T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed People v\u00e0 Hello! l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ea3 4.1 tri\u1ec7u v\u00e0 3.5 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4-la M\u1ef9 cho b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh theo lu\u1eadt B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Anh, m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c trong gi\u1edbi nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh b\u00e1o ch\u00ed ng\u00f4i sao l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u00ean g\u00f3p cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c UNICEF.Ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2007, Jolie nh\u1eadn nu\u00f4i Pax Thien, m\u1ed9t b\u00e9 trai ba tu\u1ed5i t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1i m\u1ed3 c\u00f4i t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u1eadu b\u00e9 sinh ng\u00e0y 29 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2003 v\u1edbi t\u00ean Ph\u1ea1m Quang S\u00e1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ecb m\u1eb9 ru\u1ed9t b\u1ecf r\u01a1i sau khi sinh t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n. Sau khi \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m tr\u1ea1i m\u1ed3 c\u00f4i c\u00f9ng Pitt v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2006, Jolie n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u nh\u1eadn nu\u00f4i v\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 v\u00ec quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn con nu\u00f4i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p ch\u01b0a c\u01b0\u1edbi. Sau khi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 M\u1ef9, c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec7 \u0111\u01a1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb t\u1eeb \"Jolie\" th\u00e0nh \"Jolie-Pitt\", \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn ng\u00e0y 31 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 2007. Pitt nh\u1eadn Pax l\u00e0 con nu\u00f4i t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2008.T\u1ea1i Li\u00ean hoan phim Cannes n\u0103m 2008, Jolie x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4 \u0111ang mang thai m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p song sinh. C\u00e1nh nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o v\u00e0 nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh gia t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u1edf b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Nice, Ph\u00e1p, n\u01a1i c\u00f4 c\u00f3 hai tu\u1ea7n ngh\u1ec9 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. C\u00f4 sinh con trai Knox L\u00e9on v\u00e0 con g\u00e1i Vivienne Marcheline v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 12 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 2008. B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Knox v\u00e0 Vivienne c\u00f9ng b\u00e1n cho People v\u00e0 Hello!, v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 14 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4-la M\u1ef9\u2014tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee5p. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u g\u00f3p v\u00e0o Qu\u1ef9 Jolie-Pitt.", "Danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a Jolie b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00edch c\u1ef1c sau khi c\u00f4 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 thi\u1ec7n ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a Cao \u1ee7y Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 26, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \"Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a tu\u1ed5i 20 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i mang s\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i lo\u1ea1n \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ebfn Washington v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 quan tr\u1ecdng\". Nh\u1edd c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp, s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m Q Score\u2014s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 y\u00eau m\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p\u2014c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 g\u1ea7n g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i l\u00ean 25 gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 2000 v\u00e0 2006. C\u00f4 d\u1ea7n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t; n\u0103m 2006, c\u00f3 81% ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn Jolie, so v\u1edbi con s\u1ed1 31% v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2000. C\u00f4 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edfi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00edch c\u1ef1c t\u1eeb h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang th\u00f4ng qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n n\u00e0o. S\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m Q Score c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 gi\u1eef tr\u00ean m\u1ee9c trung b\u00ecnh, ngay c\u1ea3 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2005, khi c\u00f4 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t cu\u1ed9c h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Brad Pitt v\u00e0 Jennifer Aniston, c\u00f9ng l\u00fac h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n, l\u00e0m m\u1eb9, bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ee3i c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o.T\u1ea7m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng chung v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a Jolie th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. Trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh do ACNielsen t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i 42 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2006, Jolie c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Brad Pitt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng y\u00eau th\u00edch trong vai tr\u00f2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. C\u00f4 l\u00e0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e3n hi\u1ec7u th\u1eddi trang St. John v\u00e0 Shiseido t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2006 \u0111\u1ebfn 2008, c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 10 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4-la M\u1ef9 c\u00f9ng h\u00e3ng Louis Vuitton v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2011\u2014m\u1ee9c ti\u1ec1n k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c cho m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb. Jolie n\u1eb1m trong Time 100, danh s\u00e1ch nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi do Time c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2006 v\u00e0 2008. Forbes vinh danh c\u00f4 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi tr\u00ean \u1ea5n b\u1ea3n Celebrity 100 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2009 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u1eef di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2006 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2008 v\u00e0 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2011 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2013. Forbes c\u00f2n c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 c\u00f4 l\u00e0 n\u1eef di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9 lao di\u1ec5n xu\u1ea5t cao nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2009, 2011 v\u00e0 2013, v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng thu nh\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng ni\u00ean l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea1t 27 tri\u1ec7u, 30 tri\u1ec7u v\u00e0 33 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4-la M\u1ef9. M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2015 do YouGov t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i 23 qu\u1ed1c gia, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho g\u1ea7n 2 ph\u1ea7n 3 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, cho th\u1ea5y Jolie l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.", "Mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u00f4n h\u00f2a, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai ph\u00ec nhi\u00eau v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea3o Norfolk t\u1ea1i Nam Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng khi\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Anh thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba New South Wales t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1788. H\u1ecd hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o Norfolk to l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u00e2y lanh m\u1ecdc hoang tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho m\u1ed9t kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3ng an to\u00e0n, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba b\u1ecb b\u1ecf r\u01a1i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 di t\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn Tasmania v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1807. \u0110\u1ea3o sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1824.", "\u0110\u1ea5t Van Diemen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1803, sau m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i v\u1ecbnh Sullivan thu\u1ed9c Victoria ng\u00e0y nay. Nh\u1eefng khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau kh\u1eafp l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba, nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. \u1ee6y ban M\u1eadu d\u1ecbch \u0110\u00f4ng \u1ea4n \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1823 r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp tr\u00ean b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n mi\u1ec1n b\u1eafc \u00dac \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eb7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e0 Lan, v\u00e0 Thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng J.J.G. Bremer, RN, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea3o Bathurst v\u00e0 b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o Cobourg. Bremer c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i Fort Dundas tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o Melville v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1824, v\u00e0 do n\u01a1i n\u00e0y \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 n\u0103m 1788, tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Anh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y \u0111\u1ebfn 129\u00b0 \u0110\u00f4ng.Bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi m\u1edbi bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o Melville v\u00e0 Bathurst, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ee5c li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1. N\u0103m 1826, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ra to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba \u00dac khi Edmund Lockyer thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 t\u1ea1i King George Sound (n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a Albany ng\u00e0y nay), song bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y \u00dac v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 129\u00b0 \u0110\u00f4ng Australia. N\u0103m 1824, m\u1ed9t thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp g\u1ea7n c\u1eeda c\u1ee7a s\u00f4ng Brisbane (c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba Queensland v\u1ec1 sau). N\u0103m 1829, Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba s\u00f4ng Swan v\u00e0 th\u1ee7 ph\u1ee7 Perth c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp t\u1ea1i b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda t\u00e2y c\u1ee7a \u00dac v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t King George Sound. T\u00e2y \u00dac ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba t\u1ef1 do, song sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn c\u00e1c t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh, l\u00fd do l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng gay g\u1eaft.", "\u0110\u1ea5t Van Diemen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1803, sau m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i v\u1ecbnh Sullivan thu\u1ed9c Victoria ng\u00e0y nay. Nh\u1eefng khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau kh\u1eafp l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba, nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. \u1ee6y ban M\u1eadu d\u1ecbch \u0110\u00f4ng \u1ea4n \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1823 r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp tr\u00ean b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n mi\u1ec1n b\u1eafc \u00dac \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eb7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e0 Lan, v\u00e0 Thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng J.J.G. Bremer, RN, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea3o Bathurst v\u00e0 b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o Cobourg. Bremer c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i Fort Dundas tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o Melville v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1824, v\u00e0 do n\u01a1i n\u00e0y \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 n\u0103m 1788, tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Anh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y \u0111\u1ebfn 129\u00b0 \u0110\u00f4ng.Bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi m\u1edbi bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o Melville v\u00e0 Bathurst, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ee5c li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1. N\u0103m 1826, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ra to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba \u00dac khi Edmund Lockyer thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 t\u1ea1i King George Sound (n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a Albany ng\u00e0y nay), song bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y \u00dac v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 129\u00b0 \u0110\u00f4ng Australia. N\u0103m 1824, m\u1ed9t thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp g\u1ea7n c\u1eeda c\u1ee7a s\u00f4ng Brisbane (c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba Queensland v\u1ec1 sau). N\u0103m 1829, Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba s\u00f4ng Swan v\u00e0 th\u1ee7 ph\u1ee7 Perth c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp t\u1ea1i b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda t\u00e2y c\u1ee7a \u00dac v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t King George Sound. T\u00e2y \u00dac ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba t\u1ef1 do, song sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn c\u00e1c t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh, l\u00fd do l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng gay g\u1eaft.", "Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1920 t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a ti\u00eau th\u1ee5, v\u0103n h\u00f3a gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u1edbi c\u0169ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u00dac. C\u1ea5m r\u01b0\u1ee3u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i \u00dac, song c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 c\u1ed3n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda sau 6 gi\u1edd t\u1ed1i, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i khu ngo\u1ea1i \u00f4. Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh non tr\u1ebb c\u1ee7a \u00dac suy tho\u00e1i trong th\u1eadp ni\u00ean n\u00e0y, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 tr\u00ean 2 tri\u1ec7u l\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dac \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c r\u1ea1p chi\u1ebfu phim m\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n. Ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y b\u1ecb thu h\u1eb9p cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u1ed3i sinh trong th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1970.Stanley Bruce tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1923, khi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0110\u1ea3ng D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu ph\u1ebf tru\u1ea5t W.M. Hughes. Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1925, Bruce t\u00f3m t\u1eaft c\u00e1c \u01b0u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a l\u1ea1c quan c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dac, n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c v\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a \u00dac, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm ch\u00fang t\u1eeb Anh. Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch di c\u01b0 trong th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1920 do \u1ee6y ban Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 Di c\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0a g\u1ea7n 300.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh \u0111\u1ebfn \u00dac, song c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 di d\u00e2n v\u00e0 binh si h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u01a1ng \"li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t\" v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. \"C\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i T\u00e2y \u00dac v\u00e0 thung l\u0169ng Dawson c\u1ee7a Queensland t\u1ecf ra tai h\u1ea1i\"T\u1ea1i \u00dac, chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 l\u1edbn theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ea5p bang v\u00e0 li\u00ean bang \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i trong th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1920. M\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng vay n\u1ee3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1928 nh\u1eb1m \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i vay n\u1ee3, ba ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0 trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i do l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c Anh, song \u00dac kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch v\u1edbi Anh. \"Trong 5 n\u0103m t\u1eeb 1924..\u0111\u1ebfn..1928, \u00dac mua 43,4% h\u00e0ng nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1eeb Anh v\u00e0 b\u00e1n 38,7% h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. L\u00faa m\u00ec v\u00e0 len chi\u1ebfm tr\u00ean hai ph\u1ea7n ba t\u1ed5ng h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a \u00dac,\" m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0o ch\u1ec9 hai lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u.\u00dac \u0111i theo c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 giao th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin. C\u00e1c thuy\u1ec1n bu\u1ed3m duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf \u0111i do b\u1ecb t\u00e0u h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc thay th\u1ebf, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn trong giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft v\u00e0 \u00f4 t\u00f4 b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 th\u01b0 gi\u00e3n. N\u0103m 1918, c\u00f3 50.000 \u00f4 t\u00f4 t\u1ea1i \u00dac. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1929, con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 500.000. N\u0103m 1920, D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 H\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng Queensland v\u00e0 L\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc (ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Qantas) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp. John Flynn l\u1eadp ra D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 B\u00e1c s\u0129 phi h\u00e0nh Ho\u00e0ng gia, l\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1928. Phi c\u00f4ng Charles Kingsford Smith ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng quanh \u00dac v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1927 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1928 th\u00ec v\u01b0\u1ee3t Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1eeb Hoa K\u1ef3 l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba qua Hawaii v\u00e0 Fiji \u0111\u1ebfn \u00dac b\u1eb1ng phi c\u01a1 Southern Cross. \u00d4ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1ea5t t\u00edch v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1935.", "L\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 Li\u00ean bang (FCT) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp t\u1eeb New South Wales v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1911 \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m cho th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 li\u00ean bang m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Canberra (Melbourne l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 t\u1eeb 1901 \u0111\u1ebfn 1927). L\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 Li\u00ean bang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh L\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 \u00dac (ACT) v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1938. Quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t L\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n giao t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nam \u00dac sang Th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng chung v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1911.", "Malaya thu\u1ed9c Anh nhanh ch\u00f3ng s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5, g\u00e2y s\u1eedng s\u1ed1t cho \u00dac, sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c binh s\u0129 Anh, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00dac t\u1ea1i Singapore \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1942. Kho\u1ea3ng 15.000 binh s\u0129 \u00dac tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u00f9 binh chi\u1ebfn tranh, John Curtin d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \"tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00dac\". Ng\u00e0y 19 th\u00e1ng 1, Darwin b\u1ecb oanh t\u1ea1c h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ee5c \u00dac b\u1ecb l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. Trong 19 th\u00e1ng sau \u0111\u00f3, \u00dac b\u1ecb oanh t\u1ea1c g\u1ea7n 100 l\u1ea7n.", "Tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, Robert Menzies v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea3ng T\u1ef1 do \u00dac th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ngay sau chi\u1ebfn tranh, chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a Ben Chifley v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1949, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 do C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t qu\u1ed1c h\u1eefu h\u00f3a c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp sau m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u00ea li\u1ec7t ng\u00e0nh than do \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u00dac l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. Menzies tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb l\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00dac, v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea3ng T\u1ef1 do, trong li\u00ean minh v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea3ng Th\u00f4n qu\u00ea, gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i trong m\u1ecdi cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed li\u00ean bang cho \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1972.", "Sau Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a Ben Chifley x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. N\u0103m 1945, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 Arthur Calwell vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \"N\u1ebfu kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 Chi\u1ebfn tranh Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u, th\u00ec n\u00f3 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 b\u1ea3y tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dac kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef ba tri\u1ec7u d\u1eb7m vu\u00f4ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh.\" T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec1u chia s\u1ebb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u1eb1ng qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \"\u0111\u01b0a d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn hay di\u1ec7t vong.\" Calwell ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t \u01b0u Ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 m\u1ed7i m\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh Qu\u1ed1c nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c; tuy nhi\u00ean s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh Qu\u1ed1c nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t so v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.Di c\u01b0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nam v\u00e0 Trung \u00c2u \u0111\u1ebfn \u00dac. M\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01a1n n\u0103m 1958 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 phi Anh Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho \"lao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n gian kh\u1ed5...c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dac hay Anh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn.\" Kinh t\u1ebf \u00dac \u1edf trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t v\u1edbi ch\u00e2u \u00c2u b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfn tranh t\u00e0n ph\u00e1, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c trong m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111ang b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch Snowy Mountains. T\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 th\u1ee7y l\u1ee3i t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f4ng nam \u00dac g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 16 \u0111\u1eadp l\u1edbn v\u00e0 b\u1ea3y nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1949 \u0111\u1ebfn 1974. N\u00f3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i \u00dac. D\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng g\u1ed3m 100.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb tr\u00ean 30 qu\u1ed1c gia, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u00dac \u0111a v\u0103n h\u00f3a.Kho\u1ea3ng 4,2 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1945 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1985, kho\u1ea3ng 40% trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Anh Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Ireland. D\u00e2n s\u1ed1 \u00dac \u0111\u1ea1t 10 tri\u1ec7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1959.", "S\u00f4ng Hari Rud ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t \u1edf mi\u1ec1n trung Afghanistan \u1edf r\u1eb7ng n\u00fai Baba (Koh-i-Baba), m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Hindu Kush, v\u00e0 \u0111i theo m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1eb3ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y t\u1edbi t\u1ec9nh l\u1ef5 chaghcharan \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao 2.280 m thu\u1ed9c t\u1ec9nh Ghor. V\u1eabn c\u00f2n kho\u1ea3ng 200 km (120 d\u1eb7m) t\u1eeb th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n s\u00f4ng Hari Rud g\u1eb7p s\u00f4ng Jam \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1p gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf Jam, t\u00f2a th\u00e1p cao th\u1ee9 hai tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u cao 65 m\u00e9t (213 ft), m\u1ed9t di s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c UNESCO c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn. \u1ede ph\u00eda t\u00e2y Afghanistan, Hari Rud ch\u1ea3y v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nam c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Herat. Thung l\u0169ng xung quanh Herat n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00ec s\u1ef1 ph\u00ec nhi\u00eau v\u00e0 canh t\u00e1c d\u1ea7y \u0111\u1eb7c. Sau Herat, con s\u00f4ng quay v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2y b\u1eafc, sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1eafc, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u00eda b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa Afghanistan v\u00e0 Iran. Xa h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u00eda nam-\u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa Iran v\u00e0 Turkmenistan. \u0110\u1eadp H\u1eefu ngh\u1ecb Iran-Turkmenistan n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng. Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n (16 MW) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2005 b\u1edfi Iran c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Turkmenistan. \u0110\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc cho khu v\u1ef1c xung quanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc cho Mashhad. Hari Rud ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u1ea3y qua th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Z\u00earakh (Turkmenistan) / Sarakhs (Iran), ngang qua k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o Karakum \u1edf Turkmenistan v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea3o Tedschen m\u1ed9t \u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea3o r\u1ed9ng 60 km trong sa m\u1ea1c Karakum.", "S\u00f4ng Hari Rud ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t \u1edf mi\u1ec1n trung Afghanistan \u1edf r\u1eb7ng n\u00fai Baba (Koh-i-Baba), m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Hindu Kush, v\u00e0 \u0111i theo m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1eb3ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y t\u1edbi t\u1ec9nh l\u1ef5 chaghcharan \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao 2.280 m thu\u1ed9c t\u1ec9nh Ghor. V\u1eabn c\u00f2n kho\u1ea3ng 200 km (120 d\u1eb7m) t\u1eeb th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n s\u00f4ng Hari Rud g\u1eb7p s\u00f4ng Jam \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1p gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf Jam, t\u00f2a th\u00e1p cao th\u1ee9 hai tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u cao 65 m\u00e9t (213 ft), m\u1ed9t di s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c UNESCO c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn. \u1ede ph\u00eda t\u00e2y Afghanistan, Hari Rud ch\u1ea3y v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nam c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Herat. Thung l\u0169ng xung quanh Herat n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00ec s\u1ef1 ph\u00ec nhi\u00eau v\u00e0 canh t\u00e1c d\u1ea7y \u0111\u1eb7c. Sau Herat, con s\u00f4ng quay v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2y b\u1eafc, sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1eafc, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u00eda b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa Afghanistan v\u00e0 Iran. Xa h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u00eda nam-\u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa Iran v\u00e0 Turkmenistan. \u0110\u1eadp H\u1eefu ngh\u1ecb Iran-Turkmenistan n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng. Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n (16 MW) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2005 b\u1edfi Iran c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Turkmenistan. \u0110\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc cho khu v\u1ef1c xung quanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc cho Mashhad. Hari Rud ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u1ea3y qua th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Z\u00earakh (Turkmenistan) / Sarakhs (Iran), ngang qua k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o Karakum \u1edf Turkmenistan v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea3o Tedschen m\u1ed9t \u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea3o r\u1ed9ng 60 km trong sa m\u1ea1c Karakum.", "C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1edbi Solomons h\u1ed3i gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 \"bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 da \u0111en\" (s\u1ef1 tuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9 nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng mang t\u00ednh b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c cho nh\u1eefng n\u00f4ng trang m\u00eda \u1edf Queensland v\u00e0 Fiji) \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9 v\u00e0 th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t. Nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 bu\u1ed9c Anh Qu\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3i tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n nam Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Solomons n\u0103m 1893. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 B\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 Anh v\u1edbi Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Solomon. N\u0103m 1898 v\u00e0 1899, th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o kh\u00e1c \u1edf xa h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ed9p v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9. N\u0103m 1900 ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o, m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia thu\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i ph\u00e1n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n giao cho ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Anh ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o Buka v\u00e0 Bougainville v\u1eabn thu\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a New Guinea thu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ee9c (cho t\u1edbi khi ch\u00fang b\u1ecb Australia chi\u1ebfm n\u0103m 1914, sau khi Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn I b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t). Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 giao l\u01b0u x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i gi\u1eefa v\u00f9ng ph\u00eda t\u00e2y Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Solomon Islands l\u00e0 Mono v\u00e0 Alu (the Shortlands) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u1edf ph\u00eda nam v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c di\u1ec5n ra b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. D\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 \u1edf Solomons, c\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1o cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft d\u00e2n c\u01b0 sang Thi\u00ean ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o. \u0110\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ty Anh v\u00e0 Australia b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1ed3ng d\u1eeba tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf v\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3.", "Ng\u00e0y 2 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2007, Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Solomon b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 s\u00f3ng th\u1ea7n. Nh\u1eefng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho th\u1ea5y s\u00f3ng th\u1ea5n, v\u1ed1n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf Gizo, cao nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e9t (c\u00f3 l\u1ebd cao t\u1edbi 10 m\u00e9t (33 ft) theo m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng tin, 5 m\u00e9t (16 1/3 ft) theo V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng \u0110\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i). Tr\u1eadn s\u00f3ng th\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh 8.1 \u0111\u1ed9, v\u1edbi t\u00e2m ch\u1ea5n n\u1eb1m c\u00e1ch 217 d\u1eb7m (349 km) ph\u00eda t\u00e2y b\u1eafc th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o, Honiara, t\u1ea1i V\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 -8.453 Kinh \u0111\u1ed9 156.957 v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u 10 km (6.2 miles).Theo Ph\u00f2ng Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t Hoa K\u1ef3 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t x\u1ea3y ra l\u00fac 20:39:56 UTC ng\u00e0y Ch\u1ee7 nh\u1eadt, 1 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2007. T\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 cho t\u1edbi t\u1eadn l\u00fac 22:00:00 UTC ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 4, 4 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2007, h\u01a1n 44 d\u01b0 ch\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh b\u1eb1ng ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1n 5.0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i trong v\u00f9ng.", "Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Solomon l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 l\u1eadp hi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 theo h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n. N\u1eef ho\u00e0ng Elizabeth II l\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Solomon v\u00e0 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7 qu\u1ed1c gia; b\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n b\u1edfi T\u1ed5ng To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 n\u0103m n\u0103m. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01a1n vi\u1ec7n g\u1ed3m 50 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 4 n\u0103m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i t\u00e1n theo \u0111a s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u1ebft th\u00fac nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3. \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n. Quy\u1ec1n b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n tr\u00ean 21 tu\u1ed5i. L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n b\u1ea7u ra v\u00e0 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. M\u1ed7i b\u1ed9 do m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 k\u00fd, m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1c vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c trong b\u1ed9.", "Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Solomon c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1edfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb y\u1ebfu (xem Danh s\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ea3ng Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Solomon) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c li\u00ean minh r\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea5t t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00ec th\u1ebf c\u0169ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. Vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y.", "Ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2007, Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Manasseh Sogavare b\u1ecb c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee9c sau m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea5t t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n, sau s\u1ef1 ly khai c\u1ee7a n\u0103m B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng thu\u1ed9c phe \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9c theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u1edf Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Solomon. Ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 12, Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n b\u1ea7u \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean phe \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp (v\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u1ef1u B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c) Derek Sikua l\u00e0m Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu 32 tr\u00ean 15.", "V\u1edbi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m 10 v\u00f9ng h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 9 t\u1ec9nh do c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9 10 l\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n Honiara, cho H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n Honiara cai qu\u1ea3n.", "Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Solomon l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a hai v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. \u0110a ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t phan\u00e0 c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i r\u1eebng m\u01b0a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Solomon, v\u1ed1n g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o Bougainville v\u00e0 Buka, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Papua New Guinea, nh\u1eefng khu r\u1eebng n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang g\u1eb7p nguy c\u01a1 l\u1edbn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khai th\u00e1c. Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Santa Cruz l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i r\u1eebng m\u01b0a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi Vanuatu, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Vanuatu b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea5t thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t gi\u00e0u \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00fai l\u1eeda (c\u00f3 c\u00e1c n\u00fai l\u1eeda \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1edbn) t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i c\u1eb1n c\u1ed7i. C\u00f3 h\u01a1n 230 lo\u00e0i lan v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i hoa nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o.", "\u1ede th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u0103m 2006 \u0111a s\u1ed1 trong 552,438 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Solomon l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Melanesia (94.5%). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Polynesia (3%) v\u00e0 Micronesia (1.2%) l\u00e0 hai nh\u00f3m s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd kh\u00e1c. C\u00f3 v\u00e0i ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c. 74 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Solomon, d\u00f9 b\u1ed1n ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng. Tr\u00ean h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o trung t\u00e2m, nh\u00f3m ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Melanesia (ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m \u0110\u00f4ng Nam Solomon) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. \u1ede nh\u1eefng h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i, Rennell v\u00e0 Bellona \u1edf ph\u00eda nam, Tikopia, Anuta v\u00e0 Fatutaka \u1edf c\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4ng, Sikaiana \u1edf \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1eafc, v\u00e0 Luaniua \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u1eafc (Ontong Java Atoll, c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Lord Howe Atoll), nh\u00f3m ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Polynesia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 Gilbert (Kiribati) v\u00e0 Tuvalu n\u00f3i c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Micronesia. Tuy ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c, ch\u1ec9 1-2% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Anh; ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef chung l\u00e0 Solomons Pijin.", "Radio l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Solomons v\u00ec nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, n\u1ea1n th\u1ea5t h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn s\u00f3ng v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Solomon Broadcasting Corporation (SIBC) \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 radio c\u00f4ng, g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0i ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng qu\u1ed1c gia Radio Happy Isles v\u00e0 Wantok FM, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0i ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Radio Happy Lagoon v\u00e0, tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia l\u00e0, Radio Temotu. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e0i ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, PAOA FM, ph\u1ee7 s\u00f3ng tr\u00ean Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Solomons. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1edd b\u00e1o h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y Solomon Star (www.solomonstarnews.com) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t website tin t\u1ee9c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y Solomon Times Online (www.solomontimes.com), 2 tu\u1ea7n b\u00e1o Solomons Voice v\u00e0 Solomon Times, v\u00e0 hai nguy\u1ec7t b\u00e1o Agrikalsa Nius v\u00e0 Citizen's Press. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 TV tr\u00ean Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Solomon, d\u00f9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng TV v\u1ec7 tinh. Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Solomon c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0o ABC Asia Pacific (thu\u1ed9c k\u00eanh ABC c\u1ee7a Australia) v\u00e0 BBC World News.", "Robot \u0111\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn (t\u1ef1a g\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfng Anh: Transformers) l\u00e0 phim \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng khoa h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 n\u0103m 2007 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i c\u00f9ng t\u00ean c\u1ee7a Hasbro. K\u1ebft gi\u1eefa ho\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 ghi h\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3ng, phim do Michael Bay \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n v\u1edbi Steven Spielberg \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ecb tr\u00ed gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi do Don Murphy v\u00e0 Tom DeSanto ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong lo\u1ea1t phim \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh Transformers. Phim c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia di\u1ec5n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Shia LaBeouf vai Sam Witwicky, m\u1ed9t c\u1eadu thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean b\u1ecb cu\u1ed1n v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n gi\u1eefa phe ch\u00ednh di\u1ec7n Autobot v\u00e0 phe ph\u1ea3n di\u1ec7n Decepticon; hai th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c robot ngo\u00e0i h\u00e0nh tinh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 ng\u1ee5y trang b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch bi\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y m\u00f3c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 xe c\u1ed9. Phim c\u00f2n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a Tyrese Gibson, Josh Duhamel, Anthony Anderson, Megan Fox, Rachael Taylor, John Turturro v\u00e0 Jon Voight, trong khi c\u00e1c di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean l\u1ed3ng ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 Peter Cullen v\u00e0 Hugo Weaving l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u1ed3ng ti\u1ebfng Optimus Prime v\u00e0 Megatron. Phim t\u1eebng kh\u1edfi chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 24 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 2007 t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.", "Robot \u0111\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn (t\u1ef1a g\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfng Anh: Transformers) l\u00e0 phim \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng khoa h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 n\u0103m 2007 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i c\u00f9ng t\u00ean c\u1ee7a Hasbro. K\u1ebft gi\u1eefa ho\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 ghi h\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3ng, phim do Michael Bay \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n v\u1edbi Steven Spielberg \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ecb tr\u00ed gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi do Don Murphy v\u00e0 Tom DeSanto ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong lo\u1ea1t phim \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh Transformers. Phim c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia di\u1ec5n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Shia LaBeouf vai Sam Witwicky, m\u1ed9t c\u1eadu thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean b\u1ecb cu\u1ed1n v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n gi\u1eefa phe ch\u00ednh di\u1ec7n Autobot v\u00e0 phe ph\u1ea3n di\u1ec7n Decepticon; hai th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c robot ngo\u00e0i h\u00e0nh tinh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 ng\u1ee5y trang b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch bi\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y m\u00f3c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 xe c\u1ed9. Phim c\u00f2n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a Tyrese Gibson, Josh Duhamel, Anthony Anderson, Megan Fox, Rachael Taylor, John Turturro v\u00e0 Jon Voight, trong khi c\u00e1c di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean l\u1ed3ng ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 Peter Cullen v\u00e0 Hugo Weaving l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u1ed3ng ti\u1ebfng Optimus Prime v\u00e0 Megatron. Phim t\u1eebng kh\u1edfi chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 24 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 2007 t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.", "Jon Voight trong vai John Keller, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng Hoa K\u1ef3.", "Reims l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 Ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 6 danh hi\u1ec7u Ligue 1, 2 danh hi\u1ec7u C\u00fap qu\u1ed1c gia Ph\u00e1p, v\u00e0 5 danh hi\u1ec7u Si\u00eau c\u00fap Ph\u00e1p. C\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5u tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u00e1 qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a C\u00fap C1 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c n\u0103m 1956 v\u00e0 1959, gi\u00e0nh Latin Cup v\u00e0 Coppa delle Alpi l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t v\u00e0o c\u00e1c n\u0103m 1953 v\u00e0 1977. Tuy nhi\u00ean, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980, Reims \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i th\u1eddi k\u00ec \u0111\u1ec9nh cao c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. C\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i thi \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edf Ligue 2 v\u00e0 Championnat National trong h\u01a1n 30 n\u0103m sau khi h\u1ecd xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1ng kh\u1ecfi gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea5u h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o m\u00f9a gi\u1ea3i 1978\u201379. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2012, h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u0103ng h\u1ea1ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Ligue 1, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2016.", "Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, Reims \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i trong v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 Ph\u00e1p, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u00edch trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho \u0111\u1ed9i tuy\u1ec3n b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 qu\u1ed1c gia Ph\u00e1p su\u1ed1t nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1940 v\u00e0 1950. Reims c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p to l\u1edbn cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 Ph\u00e1p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong \u0111\u1ed9i tuy\u1ec3n qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u01b0 Roger Marche, Raymond Kopa, Just Fontaine, Jean Vincent, Robert Jonquet, Armand Penverne, Dominique Colonna v\u00e0 Roger Piantoni, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u01a1i cho Reims trong th\u1eddi k\u00ec th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i tuy\u1ec3n qu\u1ed1c gia khi l\u1ecdt \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f2ng b\u00e1n k\u1ebft t\u1ea1i FIFA World Cup 1958.", "N\u00eam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh l\u0103ng tr\u1ee5 tam gi\u00e1c, h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng nghi\u00eang, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u00e1u m\u00e1y \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch hai v\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 chia m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt, n\u00e2ng v\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt \u1edf \u0111\u00fang v\u1ecb tr\u00ed. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f9n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1c vu\u1ed1ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng nghi\u00eang. Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a n\u00eam b\u1eb1ng t\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t d\u1ed1c v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.", "Chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y bay r\u01a1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc Bombardier Dash 8 Q400 c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd S2-AGU. Chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y bay n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho h\u00e3ng Scandinavian Airlines v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2001, sau \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n cho h\u00e3ng Augsburg Airways trong n\u0103m 2008 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n cho h\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng US-Bangla Airlines v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2014. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2015 khi n\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u0103ng \u1edf Saidpur. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch. Chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y bay n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh 8 gi\u1edd sau \u0111\u00f3.", "Ma tr\u1eadn (Ti\u1ebfng Anh: The Matrix) l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 phim khoa h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng M\u1ef9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1999 do Lana Wachowski v\u00e0 Lilly Wachowski \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n v\u00e0 H\u00e3ng phim Warner Bros ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh. B\u1ed9 phim \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh mang t\u00ean bullet time - cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eadm trong khi m\u00e1y quay d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 di chuy\u1ec3n xung quanh hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng .", "Camellia sinensis xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 t\u1eeb \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1, Nam \u00c1 v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y nay n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y xanh l\u01b0u ni\u00ean m\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh b\u1ee5i ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u00e2y nh\u1ecf, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e9n t\u1ec9a \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 2 m\u00e9t (6 ft) khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y l\u00e1. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 r\u1ec5 c\u00e1i d\u00e0i. Hoa tr\u00e0 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng \u00e1nh v\u00e0ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh t\u1eeb 2,5\u20134 cm, v\u1edbi 7 - 8 c\u00e1nh hoa. H\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y d\u1ea7u.", "S\u01b0 t\u1eed s\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb 10\u201314 n\u0103m trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng giam c\u1ea7m ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n 20 n\u0103m. Trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, con \u0111\u1ef1c hi\u1ebfm khi s\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n 10 n\u0103m, do h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh nhau li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng \u1edf savan v\u00e0 th\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng trong nh\u1eefng khu r\u1eebng r\u1eadm r\u1ea1p. S\u01b0 t\u1eed c\u00f3 t\u1eadp t\u00ednh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i h\u1ecd M\u00e8o c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng theo b\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e0n. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e0n s\u01b0 t\u1eed g\u1ed3m con c\u00e1i v\u00e0 con non c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf con \u0111\u1ef1c tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m s\u01b0 t\u1eed c\u00e1i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i s\u0103n c\u00f9ng nhau, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu s\u0103n nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt m\u00f3ng gu\u1ed1c l\u1edbn. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0103n th\u1ecbt \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ea3ng ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0103n th\u1ecbt s\u1ed1ng, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u00fang c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0103n x\u00e1c th\u1ed1i khi c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 con s\u01b0 t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u0103n ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y \u1edf ch\u00fang.L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u01b0 t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc v\u00e0 tranh v\u1ebd, tr\u00ean qu\u1ed1c k\u1ef3, v\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 phim v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i. S\u01b0 t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i nh\u1ed1t t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c La M\u00e3 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m trong c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1eddn b\u00e1ch th\u00fa tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 18. Mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a s\u01b0 t\u1eed l\u00e0 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e1 c\u0169; tranh kh\u1eafc v\u00e0 tranh v\u1ebd t\u1eeb hang \u0111\u1ed9ng Lascaux v\u00e0 Chauvet \u1edf Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb 17.000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 trung c\u1ed5 tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea1m vi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a s\u01b0 t\u1eed.", "Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e1t sinh gen s\u1edbm \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o s\u01b0 t\u1eed \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 Nam Phi, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai nh\u00e1nh ch\u00ednh; m\u1ed9t \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1edbi t\u00e1ch gi\u00e3n \u0110\u00f4ng Phi. S\u01b0 t\u1eed \u1edf mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f4ng Kenya g\u1ea7n g\u0169i v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t di truy\u1ec1n v\u1edbi s\u01b0 t\u1eed \u1edf Nam Phi h\u01a1n l\u00e0 s\u01b0 t\u1eed \u1edf C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean qu\u1ed1c gia Bologare \u1edf mi\u1ec1n t\u00e2y Kenya. Trong m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ti\u1ebfp theo, m\u1eabu m\u00f4 v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a 32 m\u1eabu s\u01b0 t\u1eed trong b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 ra s\u01b0 t\u1eed t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh ba nh\u00f3m th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc: m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00e0 B\u1eafc Phi, \u1edf Trung Phi v\u00e0 \u1edf Nam Phi. C\u00f3 t\u1edbi 480 m\u1eabu s\u01b0 t\u1eed t\u1eeb t\u1ed1i \u0111a 22 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch trong c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e1t sinh gen ti\u1ebfp theo, v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 ra hai nh\u00f3m s\u01b0 t\u1eed ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a ch\u00ednh.", "S\u01b0 t\u1eed c\u00f3 c\u01a1 b\u1eafp ch\u1eafc n\u1ecbch, ng\u1ef1c s\u00e2u v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u1eafn, tr\u00f2n, c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 tai tr\u00f2n. M\u00e0u l\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb m\u00e0u s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e0u x\u00e1m b\u1ea1c, \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 n\u00e2u \u0111\u1eadm. C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1m \u0111en tr\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1m m\u1edd d\u1ea7n khi s\u01b0 t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1m m\u1edd v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y \u1edf ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. S\u01b0 t\u1eed l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u00e8o hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i l\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ef1c t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Con \u0111\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n con c\u00e1i, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 b\u1eddm n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt, bao ph\u1ee7 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ea7u, c\u1ed5, vai v\u00e0 ng\u1ef1c. B\u1eddm th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u ho\u1eb7c m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng, r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t v\u00e0 \u0111en. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb b\u1edfi c\u1ea3 con c\u00e1i v\u00e0 con \u0111\u1ef1c l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n cu\u1ed1i \u0111u\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u00e0u t\u1ed1i, ri\u00eang con \u0111\u1ef1c c\u00f3 1 t\u00fam l\u00f4ng \u1edf cu\u1ed1i \u0111u\u00f4i. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u01b0 t\u1eed, c\u00e1c l\u00f4ng \u0111u\u00f4i che gi\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t \"c\u1ed9t s\u1ed1ng\" c\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c \"th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y\", kho\u1ea3ng 5 mm (0,20 in) chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a x\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111u\u00f4i h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi nhau. S\u01b0 t\u1eed l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i th\u00fa h\u1ecd m\u00e8o duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 l\u00f4ng du\u00f4i, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft. T\u00fam l\u00f4ng n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a m\u1ecdc l\u00fac s\u01b0 t\u1eed m\u1edbi sinh, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kho\u1ea3ng 5 \u0111\u1ebfn 2 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u1edf tu\u1ed5i b\u1ea3y th\u00e1ng.", "B\u1eddm c\u1ee7a s\u01b0 t\u1eed l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i. N\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khi s\u01b0 t\u1eed kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t tu\u1ed5i. M\u00e0u b\u1eddm thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i d\u1ea7n theo tu\u1ed5i; nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung b\u00ecnh. Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i b\u1eddm r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 xung \u0111\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c con \u0111\u1ef1c; Nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u s\u1eabm h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng sinh s\u1ea3n d\u00e0i h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con non cao h\u01a1n, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng n\u00f3ng nh\u1ea5t trong n\u0103m. S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n, v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a b\u1eddm c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft di truy\u1ec1n, tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t testosterone; theo m\u1ed9t quy t\u1eafc l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1eddm t\u1ed1i h\u01a1n, d\u00e0y h\u01a1n cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea1ng kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n. Trong V\u01b0\u1eddn qu\u1ed1c gia Serengeti, nh\u1eefng con s\u01b0 t\u1eed c\u00e1i th\u00edch nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u1ef1c c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 l\u00f4ng d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c v\u00e0 m\u00e0u s\u1eabm \u0111\u1ec3 giao ph\u1ed1i. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfc b\u1eddm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e1t m\u1ebb \u1edf c\u00e1c s\u1edf th\u00fa ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t b\u1eddm n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n. B\u1eddm c\u1ee7a s\u01b0 t\u1eed ch\u00e2u \u00c1 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0a th\u1edbt h\u01a1n s\u01b0 t\u1eed ch\u00e2u Phi.", "H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c con s\u01b0 t\u1eed hi\u1ec7n s\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 Nam Phi; s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111ang gi\u1ea3m nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m kho\u1ea3ng 30%-50% m\u1ed7i 20 n\u0103m v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i s\u1eafp nguy c\u1ea5p trong S\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecf IUCN. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1975, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh r\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1950, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u01b0 t\u1eed gi\u1ea3m m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 200.000 ho\u1eb7c \u00edt h\u01a1n. \u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 s\u01b0 t\u1eed ch\u00e2u Phi n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 16.500 \u0111\u1ebfn 47.000 c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2002-2004. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1ea5t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i m\u00e8o l\u1edbn n\u00e0y.", "S\u01b0 t\u1eed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m v\u01b0\u1eddn th\u00fa t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 18; c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng v\u00e0 bao g\u1ed3m voi, t\u00ea gi\u00e1c, h\u00e0 m\u00e3, linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con m\u00e8o l\u1edbn kh\u00e1c; s\u1edf th\u00fa \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch thu th\u1eadp c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1edf th\u00fa hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 1.000 con s\u01b0 t\u1eed ch\u00e2u Phi v\u00e0 100 con ch\u00e2u \u00c1 trong c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1eddn th\u00fa v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3 tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef cho c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch du l\u1ecbch, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n. S\u01b0 t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean 20 n\u0103m trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n giam c\u1ea7m; Apollo, m\u1ed9t con s\u01b0 t\u1eed th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa c\u1ee7a v\u01b0\u1eddn th\u00fa Honolulu \u1edf Honolulu, Hawaii, ch\u1ebft \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 22 v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 2007, hai ch\u1ecb g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, sinh n\u0103m 1986, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 2007", "C\u00e1c \"s\u1edf th\u00fa\" ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean lan r\u1ed9ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 ho\u00e0ng gia v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 13, v\u00e0 cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 17 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 seraglios; t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 menageries, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ed9i c\u00e1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u00f2 m\u00f2. Ch\u00fang lan r\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u00dd trong th\u1eddi Ph\u1ee5c H\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. \u1ede Anh, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng seraglio k\u00e9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, s\u01b0 t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef t\u1ea1i Th\u00e1p Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n trong m\u1ed9t seraglio do vua John th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 13; \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1125 b\u1edfi Henry I c\u1ee7a Anh t\u1ea1i khu s\u0103n b\u1eafn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta \u1edf Woodstock, Oxfordshire, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 s\u01b0 t\u1eed William Malmesbury \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3 v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3.", "S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a s\u01b0 t\u1eed t\u1ea1i Th\u00e1p Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung khi m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb vua ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, nh\u01b0 Margaret x\u1ee9 Anjou, v\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Henry VI c\u1ee7a Anh, ho\u1eb7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho. C\u00e1c ghi ch\u00e9p cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt trong Th\u00e1p Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 17, tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1edfi m\u1edf h\u01a1n \u1edf Firenze v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3. C\u00e1c menagerie \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf c\u1eeda cho c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 18; thu nh\u1eadn l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n ba n\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t con m\u00e8o ho\u1eb7c con ch\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 cho s\u01b0 t\u1eed \u0103n. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1ng g\u1eddm t\u1ea1i Exeter Exchange c\u0169ng tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng con s\u01b0 t\u1eed cho \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19. Th\u00e1p Menagerie \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda b\u1edfi William IV c\u1ee7a Anh, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn S\u1edf th\u00fa Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n, m\u1edf c\u1eeda cho c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 27 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1828.", "Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n c\u1ee7a s\u01b0 t\u1eed \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0103n th\u1ecbt ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Tanzania b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng h\u00e0nh vi \u0103n th\u1ecbt ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n c\u1ee7a Tanzania \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1990 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2005. \u00cdt nh\u1ea5t 563 d\u00e2n l\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb s\u01b0 t\u1eed \u0103n th\u1ecbt trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y - m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a s\u01b0 t\u1eed Tsavo. V\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3y ra g\u1ea7n C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Qu\u1ed1c gia Selous \u1edf qu\u1eadn Rufiji v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh Lindi g\u1ea7n bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Mozambique. Trong khi vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng hoang d\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m, c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cho r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00ec trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u1edf Lindi trong \u0111\u00f3 s\u01b0 t\u1eed b\u1eaft v\u00e0 \u0103n th\u1ecbt ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn. M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 1.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb s\u01b0 t\u1eed t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n nam Tanzania trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb 1988 \u0111\u1ebfn 2009 cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng tu\u1ea7n sau tr\u0103ng tr\u00f2n, khi c\u00f3 \u00edt \u00e1nh tr\u0103ng, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam c\u1ee7a s\u01b0 t\u1eed s\u1ebd gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3. Theo m\u1ed9t th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, trung b\u00ecnh c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 250 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb s\u01b0 t\u1eed gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft m\u1ed7i n\u0103m.", "S\u01b0 t\u1eed ch\u00e2u \u00c1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 t\u00edp ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt Trung Qu\u1ed1c; n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n v\u00e0 m\u00f9a thu (th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 n\u0103m ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean) v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n v\u00e0o th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 H\u00e1n (206 tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean - n\u0103m 220 sau C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean). B\u1edfi v\u00ec s\u01b0 t\u1eed ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c, nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf; Sau khi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ebfn Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng sau th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u sau C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean, s\u01b0 t\u1eed th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1nh v\u1edbi th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n, d\u00e0y h\u01a1n v\u00e0 b\u1eddm xo\u0103n. M\u00faa l\u00e2n - s\u01b0 - r\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7u nh\u1ea3y truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n trong trang ph\u1ee5c s\u01b0 t\u1eed b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a s\u01b0 t\u1eed, th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ec7m t\u1eeb cymbals, tr\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ed3ng chi\u00eang. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n v\u00e0o T\u1ebft Nguy\u00ean \u0110\u00e1n, T\u1ebft Trung Thu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbp l\u1ec5 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y may m\u1eafn. \u1ede Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam r\u1ea5t th\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u01b0 t\u1eed \u0111\u00e1 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng con s\u01b0 t\u1eed \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 canh m\u1ed9 trong khi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u1ea1i k\u00ednh c\u1ea9n th\u1edd ch\u00fang, \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1eeda c\u01a1 quan, c\u00f4ng s\u1edf, ch\u00f9a chi\u1ec1n, nh\u00e0 ri\u00eang v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c di t\u00edch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.", "S\u01b0 t\u1eed ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong v\u0103n h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt bao g\u1ed3m Aslan l\u1ed9n x\u1ed9n trong The Lion, Witch and the Wardcoat v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch t\u1eeb lo\u1ea1t The Chronicles of Narnia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi CS Lewis, v\u00e0 Lion Cowlyly Lion trong Ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y Frank tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi c\u1ee7a x\u1ee9 Oz. Bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u01b0 t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh; m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng con s\u01b0 t\u1eed mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Leo, l\u00e0 linh v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u00e3ng phim Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1920. Th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1960 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bs\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u1eef ho\u00e0ng s\u01b0 t\u1eed Kenya Elsa trong b\u1ed9 phim Sinh ra t\u1ef1 do, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f9ng t\u00ean. Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a s\u01b0 t\u1eed v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 vua c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u00fa \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong phim ho\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 phim ho\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh n\u0103m 1994 c\u1ee7a Walt Disney Pictures The Lion King.", "Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ebfn (Ant-Man) l\u00e0 t\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt si\u00eau anh h\u00f9ng h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong s\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh b\u1edfi Marvel Comics. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi Stan Lee, Larry Lieber v\u00e0 Jack Kirby, Ant-Man xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong Tales to Astonish #27 (th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1962). Danh hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0y nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc thi\u00ean t\u00e0i Hank Pym sau khi ph\u00e1t minh ra nguy\u00ean t\u1eed cho ph\u00e9p \u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc; tuy nhi\u00ean, Scott Lang v\u00e0 Eric O'Grady c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u1ea5y danh hi\u1ec7u Ant-Man.", "Scott Lang t\u1eebng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb tr\u1ed9m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ki\u1ebfn sau khi \u0103n c\u1eafp b\u1ed9 gi\u00e1p Ant-Man \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u con g\u00e1i m\u00ecnh Cassandra \"Cassie\" Lang kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec7nh tim. T\u1eeb b\u1ecf cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp, anh l\u1ea5y danh hi\u1ec7u Ant-Man v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Hank Pym. Anh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng minh c\u1ee7a Fantastic Four, v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i Avengers. \u0110\u00e3 t\u1eebng c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian anh h\u1eb9n h\u00f2 Jessica Jones. M\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian sau anh b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft b\u1edfi Scarlet Witch c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Vision v\u00e0 Hawkeye trong s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n Avengers Disassembled,.", "\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh giao th\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf Tokyo, Tokyo c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. C\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft \u0110\u00f4ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Tokyo, bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray Yamanote ch\u1ea1y quanh khu trung t\u00e2m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Tokyo. Hai t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e0u \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1ea7m g\u1ed3m: c\u00f4ng ty t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n Tokyo Metro v\u00e0 C\u1ee5c giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb Tokyo thu\u1ed9c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. Nh\u1eefng h\u00e3ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn xe bu\u00fdt, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00f9ng v\u00e0 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc.", "Th\u1ec3 thao t\u1ea1i Tokyo r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng. Tokyo c\u00f3 hai \u0111\u1ed9i b\u00f3ng ch\u00e0y chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 Yomiuri Giants (s\u00e2n nh\u00e0 l\u00e0 Tokyo Dome) v\u00e0 Yakult Swallows (s\u00e2n nh\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u00e2n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng Meiji-Jingu). Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Sumo Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u00f3 tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf t\u1ea1i Tokyo \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 thi \u0111\u1ea5u Ry\u014dgoku Kokugikan, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 3 gi\u1ea3i Sumo ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u01b0\u1eddng ni\u00ean (v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng gi\u00eang, th\u00e1ng n\u0103m v\u00e0 th\u00e1ng ch\u00edn). Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 \u1edf Tokyo bao g\u1ed3m F.C. Tokyo v\u00e0 Tokyo Verdy, c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang thi \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edf J-League 1 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 chung s\u00e2n nh\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u00e2n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng Ajinomoto t\u1ea1i Ch\u014dfu. Tokyo l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i M\u00f9a h\u00e8 1964. S\u00e2n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ed1c gia, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00ean l\u00e0 s\u00e2n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng Olympic Qu\u1ed1c gia (Tokyo) \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n th\u1ec3 thao qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, hi\u1ec7n nay n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di chuy\u1ec3n sang n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 x\u00e2y m\u1edbi. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u khu thi \u0111\u1ea5u th\u1ec3 thao \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, Tokyo th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n th\u1ec3 thao trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i tennis, b\u01a1i, marathon, th\u1ec3 thao bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n ki\u1ec3u M\u1ef9, judo, karate. Cung th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c th\u1ec3 thao trung t\u00e2m Tokyo, n\u1eb1m \u1edf Sendagaya, Shibuya, l\u00e0 khu li\u00ean h\u1ee3p th\u1ec3 thao l\u1edbn bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec3 b\u01a1i, ph\u00f2ng t\u1eadp v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 thi \u0111\u1ea5u trong nh\u00e0. Tokyo c\u0169ng s\u1ebd l\u1ea7n l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i M\u00f9a h\u00e8 2020.", "Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edfi R.C. Senior v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1ng tin h\u01a1n b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 h\u1ecdc, cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng Agathokleia l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eef ho\u00e0ng thu\u1ed9c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sau, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 110-100 TCN ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1i sau \u0111\u00f3. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, Agathokleia c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 g\u00f3a ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb vua kh\u00e1c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 Nicias ho\u1eb7c Theophilos.", "Trong c\u1ea3 hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, Agathokleia l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cai tr\u1ecb m\u1ed9t v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Hy L\u1ea1p, trong th\u1eddi gian sau tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Alexander \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebf.", "Ch\u00f3 Pom \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u00ean t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecba danh Pomerania l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf Trung \u00c2u ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a, \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y B\u1eafc Ba Lan v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc \u0110\u1ee9c ng\u00e0y nay v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 t\u1eeb gi\u1ed1ng Spitz c\u1ed5. L\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u1eefng con ch\u00f3 Pom to h\u01a1n hi\u1ec7n nay nhi\u1ec1u v\u1edbi c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng c\u00f3 khi l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng 13 kg v\u00e0 hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao cho nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u0103n c\u1eebu. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1988, N\u1eef ho\u00e0ng Victoria \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng lo\u00e0i ch\u00f3 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn k\u00edch c\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang nh\u1ecf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nh\u1edd th\u1ebf ch\u00fang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf Anh.", "Ch\u00f3 Pom \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u00ean t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecba danh Pomerania l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf Trung \u00c2u ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a, \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y B\u1eafc Ba Lan v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc \u0110\u1ee9c ng\u00e0y nay v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 t\u1eeb gi\u1ed1ng Spitz c\u1ed5. L\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u1eefng con ch\u00f3 Pom to h\u01a1n hi\u1ec7n nay nhi\u1ec1u v\u1edbi c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng c\u00f3 khi l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng 13 kg v\u00e0 hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao cho nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u0103n c\u1eebu. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1988, N\u1eef ho\u00e0ng Victoria \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng lo\u00e0i ch\u00f3 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn k\u00edch c\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang nh\u1ecf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nh\u1edd th\u1ebf ch\u00fang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf Anh.", "Ch\u00f3 Pom l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 c\u1ee1 nh\u1ecf, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee1 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i, Chi\u1ec1u cao t\u1eeb 7-12 inches (18\u201330 cm), tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb 3-7 pounds (1\u20133 kg), ch\u00fang c\u00f3 c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh n\u00eam v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u00e2n x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 con c\u00f3 g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e1o, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 con kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u00fap b\u00ea. \u0110\u00f4i m\u1eaft ch\u00fang h\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3 h\u1ea1nh, to v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u s\u1eabm, tr\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 linh l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng minh. Tai ch\u00f3 Ph\u1ed1c s\u00f3c nh\u1ecf nh\u1eafn, nh\u1ecdn d\u1ef1ng th\u1eb3ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u, h\u00e0m r\u0103ng h\u00ecnh k\u00e9o v\u00e0 c\u00e1i m\u0169i be b\u00e9 s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng m\u00e0u v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 l\u00f4ng. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 c\u00e1i \u0111u\u00f4i x\u00f9, tr\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 u\u1ed1n cong l\u00ean l\u01b0ng. Gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 l\u00f4ng k\u00e9p d\u00e0y v\u1edbi l\u1edbp ngo\u00e0i d\u00e0i, th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 h\u01a1i c\u1ee9ng c\u00f2n l\u1edbp trong th\u00ec ng\u1eafn, m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 d\u00e0y. L\u1edbp l\u00f4ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ng\u1ef1c ch\u00fang s\u1ebd d\u00e0i h\u01a1n. Nh\u00ecn chung tr\u00f4ng ch\u00fang nh\u1ecf nh\u1eafn xinh x\u1eafn, \u1ea5m \u00e1p v\u00e0 m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i. M\u00e0u l\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u0169ng kh\u00e1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng: c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf, cam, kem, tr\u1eafng, xanh, n\u00e2u, \u0111en\u2026", "Kiyomizu-dera \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Nara. Ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 l\u00e0 Enchin (\u5ef6\u93ae (Di\u00ean Tr\u1ea5n), Enchin) tr\u1ee5 tr\u00ec th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u0103m 778, tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00f9a nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac hi\u1ec7n nay c\u1ee7a ch\u00f9a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1633, theo l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a Tokugawa Iemitsu. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfc \u0111inh n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a ch\u00f9a. Kiyomizu-dera \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u00ean d\u1ef1a theo th\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb ch\u1ea3y ra kh\u1ecfi ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3, trong \u0111\u00f3, Kiyomizu mang ngh\u0129a thanh thu\u1ef7 - d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc trong l\u00e0nh, ho\u1eb7c d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc tinh khi\u1ebft.Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi m\u00f4n ph\u00e1i Hoss\u014d - t\u00ean g\u1ecdi ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh Duy Th\u1ee9c t\u00f4ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1 - b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Nara. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00e0y b\u1ecb hu\u1ef7 b\u1ecf v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1965, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u1ee5 tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00f9a t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i \"Kitahoss\u014d\" (\u5317\u6cd5\u76f8\u5b97 - B\u1eafc Ph\u00e1p T\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00f4ng).", "Ng\u00e0y 2 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 2014, hai tr\u1eadn l\u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1ea1i huy\u1ec7n Argo, t\u1ec9nh Badakhshan, Afghanistan. T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 350 \u0111\u1ebfn 2.700. Kho\u1ea3ng  300 ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 b\u1ecb ch\u00f4n v\u00f9i v\u00e0 tr\u00ean 14.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 \u0111ang ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1eadn l\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean th\u00ec b\u1ecb tr\u1eadn l\u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, g\u00e2y c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf cho c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee9u tr\u1ee3.", "Ng\u00e0y 2 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 2014, hai tr\u1eadn l\u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1ea1i huy\u1ec7n Argo, t\u1ec9nh Badakhshan, Afghanistan. T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 350 \u0111\u1ebfn 2.700. Kho\u1ea3ng  300 ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 b\u1ecb ch\u00f4n v\u00f9i v\u00e0 tr\u00ean 14.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 \u0111ang ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1eadn l\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean th\u00ec b\u1ecb tr\u1eadn l\u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, g\u00e2y c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf cho c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee9u tr\u1ee3.", "Khi cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng kinh t\u1ebf b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t m\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3 (1893), Hoa K\u1ef3 tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. T\u1edbi cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao h\u01a1n 20%, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec7t th\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4i khi bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea1o lu\u1ea1n. Goldman b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00f9ng bi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111ang th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng \u1edf New York. Ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng 8, b\u00e0 n\u00f3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng g\u1ea7n 3 ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u1edf New York, n\u01a1i b\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc. Ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c b\u00e0 n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi g\u00ec th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5, nh\u01b0ng theo m\u1eadt th\u00e1m b\u00e0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng \"\u0111o\u1ea1t l\u1ea5y m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9... b\u1eb1ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c\", trong khi Goldman v\u1ec1 sau nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0y: \"V\u1eady th\u00ec, h\u00e3y bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng dinh th\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb gi\u00e0u c\u00f3, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng cho b\u1ea1n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, h\u00e3y \u0111\u00f2i b\u00e1nh m\u00ec. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i c\u1ea3 hai, h\u00e3y gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea5y b\u00e1nh m\u00ec.\" Sau n\u00e0y \u1edf phi\u00ean t\u00f2a, th\u00e1m t\u1eed-trung s\u0129 Charles Jacobs \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i di\u1ec5n v\u0103n c\u1ee7a b\u00e0.", "Ng\u00e0y 6 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1901, Leon Czolgosz, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed b\u1ec7nh t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n, b\u1eafn T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Hoa K\u1ef3 William McKinley hai l\u1ea7n trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft c\u00f4ng khai t\u1ea1i Buffalo, New York. McKinley b\u1ecb tr\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n v\u00e0o x\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9c v\u00e0 d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y, v\u00e0 qua \u0111\u1eddi 8 ng\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3. Czolgosz b\u1ecb b\u1eaft v\u00e0 tra kh\u1ea3o c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y l\u1eabn \u0111\u00eam. Trong bu\u1ed5i tra kh\u1ea3o \u00f4ng ta kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng l\u1ea5y c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1edd tham d\u1ef1 m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Goldman. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1eddi khai n\u00e0y l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c Goldman \u00e2m m\u01b0u \u00e1m s\u00e1t McKinley. H\u1ecd l\u1ea7n ra b\u00e0 \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa t\u1ea1i Chicago n\u01a1i b\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi Havel, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Mary v\u00e0 Abe Isaak, m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p \u0111\u00f4i c\u00f3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00f4 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. Goldman b\u1ecb b\u1eaft gi\u1eef c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Isaak, Havel, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa.", "N\u0103m 1906, Goldman quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t \u1ea5n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, \"m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i c\u00f3 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng trong ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n m\u00ecnh\". T\u1ea1 ch\u00ed M\u1eb9 Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t do m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea5p ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Hippolyte Havel, Max Baginski, v\u00e0 Leonard Abbott. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1edfi nh\u00f3m bi\u00ean t\u1eadp v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed c\u0169ng in l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng tr\u00edch \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2y b\u00fat kh\u00e1c. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft gia Ph\u00e1p Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, nh\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u00f4 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nga Peter Kropotkin, tri\u1ebft gia \u0110\u1ee9c Friedrich Nietzsche, v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Anh Mary Wollstonecraft. Goldman th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a v\u00f4 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a v\u00f4 th\u1ea7n, t\u00ednh d\u1ee5c, v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a n\u1eef quy\u1ec1nNg\u00e0y 18 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3, Berkman \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra t\u00f9. Mang theo b\u00f3 h\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3n, b\u00e0 g\u1eb7p \u00f4ng \u1edf s\u00e2n ga v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh \"tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea3m\" khi g\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau trong th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh t\u00e0n t\u1ea1. \u00d4ng ch\u1eadt v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi; sau m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1 thai b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, \u00f4ng mua m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang l\u1ee5c \u1edf Cleveland \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ef1 v\u1eabn. Tuy nhi\u00ean \u00f4ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i New York v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft tin Goldman \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft gi\u1eef c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m \u0111ang h\u1ecdp m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 Czolgosz. B\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdp n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ea3 h\u1ecd.Berkman \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m Mother Earth n\u0103m 1907, khi Goldman du h\u00e0nh di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft kh\u1eafp \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y qu\u1ef9 duy tr\u00ec t\u1edd b\u00e1o. Tuy nhi\u00ean quan h\u1ec7 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea1n v\u1ee1 d\u1ea7n, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00f4 g\u00e1i c\u1ea5p ti\u1ebfn 15 tu\u1ed5i t\u00ean l\u00e0 Becky Edelsohn. Goldman \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn v\u00ec b\u1ecb ru\u1ed3ng r\u1eaby, nh\u01b0ng xem \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng trong t\u00f9 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3 b\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho Hoa K\u1ef3 t\u1edbi d\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi V\u00f4 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Amsterdam. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n phong tr\u00e0o ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u1ecdp m\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng do kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa hai \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn mang t\u00ednh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0o. Goldman tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3ng kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i.", "M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea7u c\u1eed c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a n\u1eef quy\u1ec1n cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19-\u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, Goldman nhi\u1ec7t li\u1ec7t c\u1ed5 v\u0169 cho quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp n\u00ean ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a n\u1eef quy\u1ec1n v\u00f4 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, th\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee5 quy\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n chia giai c\u1ea5p. N\u0103m 1897, b\u00e0 vi\u1ebft: \"T\u00f4i \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef t\u1ef1 lo cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh; s\u1ed1ng cho ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh; y\u00eau b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai m\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n, hay c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau t\u00f9y th\u00edch. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi t\u1ef1 do cho c\u1ea3 hai gi\u1edbi, t\u1ef1 do h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1ef1 do trong t\u00ecnh y\u00eau v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1eb9.\"\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t y t\u00e1, Goldman l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tr\u00e1nh thai. Nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh n\u1eef quy\u1ec1n c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi, b\u00e0 xem ph\u00e1 thai l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 bi th\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t sinh \u0111\u1ebb l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay th\u1ebf t\u00edch c\u1ef1c. Goldman c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 do y\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n. B\u00e0 xem nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5u tranh n\u1eef quy\u1ec1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 b\u1ecb b\u00f3 h\u1eb9p b\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Thanh gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n. B\u00e0 vi\u1ebft: \"Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ng\u0103n tr\u1edf kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 th\u00f3i quen c\u0169. Phong tr\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u1ebfn nay m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00f3.\"Goldman c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ednh luy\u1ebfn \u00e1i. Ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ednh h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ai n\u00f3i t\u1edbi \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3, ngay c\u1ea3 trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. Nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh h\u1ecdc Magnus Hirschfeld nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh, \"b\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t, th\u1eadt ra l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang.\" Trong nhi\u1ec1u di\u1ec5n v\u0103n v\u00e0 th\u01b0 t\u1eeb, b\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd mong mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 k\u1ebft \u00e1n nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nh\u01a1 nhu\u1ed1c b\u1ecb g\u00e1n cho \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ednh luy\u1ebfn \u00e1i. Nh\u01b0 Goldman vi\u1ebft trong m\u1ed9t l\u00e1 th\u01b0 cho Hirschfeld, \"Th\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi k\u1ecbch, t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y, r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c nhau r\u01a1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 \u00edt s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ednh luy\u1ebfn \u00e1i v\u00e0 th\u1edd \u01a1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ngu xu\u1ea9n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1edbn lao c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng.\"", "My Disillusionment in Russia. Garden City, New York: Doubleday, Page and Co., 1923.", "Emma Goldman: A Documentary History Of The American Years, Volume 1 \u2013 Made for America, 1890\u20131901. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003. ISBN 0-520-08670-8.", "Togo tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i t\u1eeb ph\u00eda B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00eda Nam kho\u1ea3ng 550 km v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 ngang 130 km. Togo c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch kho\u1ea3ng 56.785 km\u00b2, d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 kho\u1ea3ng 6.145.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 102 ng\u01b0\u1eddi/km\u00b2. Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p.", "T\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XII \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIV, Togo l\u00e0 n\u01a1i di c\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c Eve \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c s\u00f4ng Niger. T\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XV, ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1eadp c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n \u1edf v\u00f9ng ven bi\u1ec3n, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e0 Lan v\u00e0 \u0110an M\u1ea1ch. Vi\u1ec7c mua b\u00e1n n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 di\u1ec5n ra trong su\u1ed1t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVIII. N\u0103m 1884, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 v\u00f9ng ven bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c v\u00f9ng l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba b\u00ean trong.", "Togo theo th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf \u0111a nguy\u00ean b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3n Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0y 27 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1992. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1967 \u0111\u1ebfn nay, Li\u00ean minh \u0111\u1ea3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Togo (RPT) c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Eyadema Gnassingbe lu\u00f4n n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n. Th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2005, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Eyadema Gnassingbe \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t qua \u0111\u1eddi, gi\u1edbi qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0a con trai \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Faure Gnassingbe l\u00ean thay th\u1ebf. D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ee9c \u00e9p trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a AU, ECOWAS, Faure Gnassingbe bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9, cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed h\u1ee3p hi\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2005. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3: Faure Gnassingbe gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i v\u1edbi 60,2% s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1eefa ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 phe \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau b\u1ea7u c\u1eed khi\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n 500 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y kh\u1ecfi th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4, g\u00e2y n\u00ean m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o. Nh\u1edd trung gian ho\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng kinh t\u1ebf T\u00e2y Phi (ECOWAS) tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i Togo \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.", "Togo l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c, Phong tr\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft, Li\u00ean minh ch\u00e2u Phi (AU), C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Kinh t\u1ebf T\u00e2y Phi (ECOWAS), C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Ph\u00e1p ng\u1eef (Francophonie), FAO, IMF, WTO v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c.", "Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, t\u00e2m b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a George III t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng th\u00ec \u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 suy \u0111o\u00e1n cho r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng porphyria, tuy nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1810, \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt nhi\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua, v\u00e0 con trai tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua, George, Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed x\u1ee9 Wales, cai tr\u1ecb v\u1edbi danh hi\u1ec7u Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed Nhi\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh. Sau c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a George III, Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed nhi\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh n\u1ed1i ng\u00f4i cha v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh vua George IV.", "George ch\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi \u1edf kinh th\u00e0nh Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 Norfolk House. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 ch\u00e1u \u0111\u00edch t\u00f4n c\u1ee7a vua George II, v\u00e0 con trai tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Frederick, Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed x\u1ee9 Wales, v\u1edbi Augusta c\u1ee7a Saxe-Gotha. Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed George, trong hai th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eddi r\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu \u1edbt \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1ed1ng, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i trong c\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y b\u1edfi Thomas Secker, Hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng St James's v\u00e0 l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Oxford.", "George ch\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi \u1edf kinh th\u00e0nh Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 Norfolk House. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 ch\u00e1u \u0111\u00edch t\u00f4n c\u1ee7a vua George II, v\u00e0 con trai tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Frederick, Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed x\u1ee9 Wales, v\u1edbi Augusta c\u1ee7a Saxe-Gotha. Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed George, trong hai th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eddi r\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu \u1edbt \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1ed1ng, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i trong c\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y b\u1edfi Thomas Secker, Hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng St James's v\u00e0 l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Oxford.", "M\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng sau, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa t\u1ea1i Norfolk House, c\u0169ng b\u1edfi Secker. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m Vua c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n (th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n l\u00e0 Lord Baltimore), c\u1eadu c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, C\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbc Saxe-Gotha (th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n l\u00e0 Lord Carnarvon) v\u00e0 b\u00e0 c\u00f4 Ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu Sophia c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c (th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n l\u00e0 Lady Charlotte Edwin).George l\u1edbn l\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb nh\u00fat nh\u00e1t. Gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Leicester, n\u01a1i George v\u00e0 em trai \u00f4ng Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed Edward, C\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1ee9 York v\u00e0 Albany, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t gia s\u01b0. Nh\u1eefng th\u01b0 t\u1eeb trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u1eabn ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi, khi v\u1eeba m\u1edbi l\u00ean 8. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 v\u1ecb vua Anh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c khoa h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ngo\u00e0i V\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y d\u00e0nh cho ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed c\u00f2n c\u00f3 Thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, ti\u1ebfng Latin, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u00c2m nh\u1ea1c, \u0110\u1ecba l\u00fd, Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4n th\u1ec3 thao v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 nghi\u00eang v\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 khi\u00eau v\u0169, \u0111\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfm, c\u01b0\u1ee1i ng\u1ef1a... T\u00f4n gi\u00e1o m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 Anh gi\u00e1o..", "M\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng sau, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa t\u1ea1i Norfolk House, c\u0169ng b\u1edfi Secker. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m Vua c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n (th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n l\u00e0 Lord Baltimore), c\u1eadu c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, C\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbc Saxe-Gotha (th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n l\u00e0 Lord Carnarvon) v\u00e0 b\u00e0 c\u00f4 Ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu Sophia c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c (th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n l\u00e0 Lady Charlotte Edwin).George l\u1edbn l\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb nh\u00fat nh\u00e1t. Gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Leicester, n\u01a1i George v\u00e0 em trai \u00f4ng Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed Edward, C\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1ee9 York v\u00e0 Albany, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t gia s\u01b0. Nh\u1eefng th\u01b0 t\u1eeb trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u1eabn ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi, khi v\u1eeba m\u1edbi l\u00ean 8. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 v\u1ecb vua Anh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c khoa h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ngo\u00e0i V\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y d\u00e0nh cho ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed c\u00f2n c\u00f3 Thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, ti\u1ebfng Latin, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u00c2m nh\u1ea1c, \u0110\u1ecba l\u00fd, Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4n th\u1ec3 thao v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 nghi\u00eang v\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 khi\u00eau v\u0169, \u0111\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfm, c\u01b0\u1ee1i ng\u1ef1a... T\u00f4n gi\u00e1o m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 Anh gi\u00e1o..", "tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p cho Ho\u00e0ng gia v\u00e0 trang tr\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng chi ph\u00ed cho ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1. C\u00f3 l\u1eddi x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng nh\u00e0 vua \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u1ea5y trao cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 bi\u1ebfu x\u00e9n v\u00e0 h\u1ed1i l\u1ed9 v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111ang b\u1ecb c\u00e1c s\u1eed gia tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng: \"c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec nh\u01b0ng sai l\u1ea7m l\u00e0 b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n\". C\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 l\u00ean t\u1edbi \u00a33  tri\u1ec7u trong su\u1ed1t tri\u1ec1u George III \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n chi tr\u1ea3, v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n chu c\u1ea5p cho Ho\u00e0ng gia t\u0103ng l\u00ean theo t\u1eebng n\u0103m. \u00d4ng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Vi\u1ec7n Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn Ho\u00e0ng gia b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 l\u1edbn r\u00fat ra t\u1eeb ti\u1ec1n t\u00fai c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 quy\u00ean g\u00f3p h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda ti\u1ec1n thu nh\u1eadp c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n. Trong b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, c\u00f3 hai m\u00f3n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 Johannes Vermeer Lady at the Virginals c\u1ee7a Johannes Vermeer v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 Canaletto, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u1ea5t v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p v\u00e0o th\u0103m. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n qu\u1ed1c gia ki\u1ec3u m\u1edbi.", "Th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1762, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea3ng Whigs do Qu\u1eadn c\u00f4ng Newcastle l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o b\u1edfi ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi Scotland, \u0111\u1ea3ng Tory Lord Bute. \u0110\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a Bute \u0111\u00e3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ef1c l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u00f4ng ta b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n vu kh\u1ed1ng r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 m\u1edd \u00e1m v\u1edbi th\u00e2n m\u1eabu nh\u00e0 vua, v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn k\u00ec th\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi Scotland c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh. John Wilkes, m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n cu\u1ed1i The North Briton, n\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00ean \u00e1n v\u00e0 ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a Bute trong ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. Wilkes cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng b\u1ecb b\u1eaft v\u00ec t\u1ed9i d\u1ea5y lo\u1ea1n ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea1y sang Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed1n t\u1ed9i, \u00f4ng b\u1ecb k\u1ebft t\u1ed9i v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t b\u1edfi T\u00f2a \u00e1n Ho\u00e0ng gia v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i b\u00e1ng b\u1ed5 v\u00e0 b\u00f4i nh\u1ecd. N\u0103m 1763, sau khi k\u00fd k\u1ebft Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u1edf Paris nh\u1eb1m k\u1ebft th\u00fac chi\u1ebfn tranh, Lord Bute t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3ng Whigs gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u1edbi Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edbi George Grenville.", "Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3, Tuy\u00ean c\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng gia \u0111\u1eb7t ra m\u1ed9t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9. Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba l\u00ean ph\u00eda b\u1eafc (t\u1edbi Nova Scotia) v\u00e0 xu\u1ed1ng ph\u00eda nam (Florida). Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111a s\u1ed1 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t M\u1ef9, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nh\u1ecf qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u1ea7m m\u1ed1ng xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n 13 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba M\u1ef9 v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0110\u1ea1i Anh. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n M\u1ef9 ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed9p nhi\u1ec1u l\u00f4 thu\u1ebf cho ch\u00ednh qu\u1ed1c, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Anh ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed5i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed ch\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea3 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n thu\u1ebf l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn hay kh\u00f4ng, khi m\u00e0 trong Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gh\u1ebf n\u00e0o d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i, h\u1ecd cho r\u1eb1ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \"kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh thu\u1ebf n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n\". N\u0103m 1765, Grenville \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt tem, theo \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ec7 ph\u00ed ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u trong c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba Anh \u1edf B\u1eafc M\u1ef9. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu gi\u1ea5y c\u00f3 d\u00e1n tem, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9 thu\u1ebf n\u00e0y, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ed1ng thu\u1ebf. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, nh\u00e0 vua tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u1ef1c t\u1ee9c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Grenville khi gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng khi thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c William Pitt Gi\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd nh\u1eadn ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng. Sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi gian b\u1ec7nh, George ch\u1ecdn Lord Rockingham th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 sa th\u1ea3i Grenville.Lord Rockingham, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Pitt v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 vua, b\u00e3i b\u1ecf \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt tem v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng qu\u00e1 y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m v\u00e0 b\u1ecb thay th\u1ebf v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1766 b\u1edfi Pitt, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c George phong l\u00e0m B\u00e1 t\u01b0\u1edbc Chatham. Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Lord Chatham v\u00e0 George III bao g\u1ed3m b\u00e3i b\u1ecf \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng \u1edf M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 New York. Lord Chatham b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1767 v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1ee9 Grafton l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u00f4ng ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong l\u00e0m Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng cho t\u1edbi n\u0103m 1768. N\u0103m \u0111\u00f3, John Wilkes tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Anh, ra tranh c\u1eed v\u00e0o Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i; v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u \u1edf Khu v\u1ef1c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed Middlesex. Wilkes m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa b\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i tr\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t. Sau \u0111\u00f3 Wilkes l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u v\u00e0 hai l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa b\u1ecb tr\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi H\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng c\u1eed v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 2. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a Grafton gi\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 n\u0103m 1770, cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea3ng Tory d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1eed l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Lord North tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n.", "George l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng s\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0ng l\u00f2ng m\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c anh em \u00f4ng h\u1ecdc theo. George c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kinh ho\u00e0ng b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \"nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch bu\u00f4ng th\u1ea3\" c\u1ee7a anh em m\u00ecnh. N\u0103m 1770, em trai nh\u00e0 vua, Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed Henry, C\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1ee9 Cumberland v\u00e0 Strathearn, b\u1ecb v\u1ea1ch tr\u1ea7n c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 l\u00e9n l\u00fat v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ed3ng. N\u0103m sau, Cumberland k\u1ebft h\u00f4n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t g\u00f3a ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ebb, Anne Horton. Nh\u00e0 vua cho r\u1eb1ng C\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean ho\u00e0ng gia; b\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5p qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p. George nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng n\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt m\u1edbi, c\u1ea5m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong ho\u00e0ng gia k\u1ebft h\u00f4n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng. D\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 trong Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a George, song \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt H\u00f4n nh\u00e2n ho\u00e0ng gia 1772 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua. Kh\u00f4ng bao l\u00e2u sau \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi em trai kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua, Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed William Henry, C\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1ee9 Gloucester v\u00e0 Edinburgh, th\u00fa nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u00ed m\u1eadt k\u1ebft h\u00f4n v\u1edbi Maria, N\u1eef B\u00e1 t\u01b0\u1edbc Waldegrave, con ngo\u00e0i gi\u00e1 th\u00fa c\u1ee7a Sir Edward Walpole. C\u00e1c tin t\u1ee9c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a George r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00fang khi ban h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt: Maria c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. C\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0ng gia th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn.Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a Lord North r\u1ea5t lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n 13 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba. \u0110\u1ec3 xoa d\u1ecbu d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 thu\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u00e3i b\u1ecf, tr\u1eeb thu\u1ebf tr\u00e0 ra; \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 George g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \"m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 thu\u1ebf c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn (\u0111\u00e1nh thu\u1ebf)\". N\u0103m 1773, t\u00e0u ch\u1edf tr\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh neo t\u1ea1i C\u1ea3ng Boston \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u00e1nh c\u01b0\u1edbp v\u00e0 n\u00e9m h\u1ebft tr\u00e0 xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n; s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ti\u1ec7c tr\u00e0 Boston. \u1ede Anh, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn, v\u00e0 Chatham \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi North v\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1edbp tr\u00e0 \"ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i\". V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c t\u1eeb Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n, Lord North ban h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, theo \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3ng Boston b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n d\u00e0nh cho ti\u1ec3u bang Massachusetts \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u00e3i b\u1ecf khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u01a1 quan l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 vua thay v\u00ec H\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, theo \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Peter Thomas, \"ni\u1ec1m hy v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn c\u00e1c \u00fd ki\u1ebfn t\u1eeb n\u1ed9i c\u00e1c ngay c\u1ea3 khi ho\u00e0i nghi v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang\". C\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1763-1775 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ea3i t\u1ed9i cho George III v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i \u00e1c th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng M\u1ef9.\" M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 v\u1eabn xem \u00f4ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n v\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ea1o ch\u00faa, nh\u01b0ng trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb vua l\u1eadp hi\u1ebfn khi ch\u1ec9 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng.", "George l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng s\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0ng l\u00f2ng m\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c anh em \u00f4ng h\u1ecdc theo. George c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kinh ho\u00e0ng b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \"nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch bu\u00f4ng th\u1ea3\" c\u1ee7a anh em m\u00ecnh. N\u0103m 1770, em trai nh\u00e0 vua, Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed Henry, C\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1ee9 Cumberland v\u00e0 Strathearn, b\u1ecb v\u1ea1ch tr\u1ea7n c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 l\u00e9n l\u00fat v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ed3ng. N\u0103m sau, Cumberland k\u1ebft h\u00f4n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t g\u00f3a ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ebb, Anne Horton. Nh\u00e0 vua cho r\u1eb1ng C\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean ho\u00e0ng gia; b\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5p qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p. George nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng n\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt m\u1edbi, c\u1ea5m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong ho\u00e0ng gia k\u1ebft h\u00f4n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng. D\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 trong Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a George, song \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt H\u00f4n nh\u00e2n ho\u00e0ng gia 1772 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua. Kh\u00f4ng bao l\u00e2u sau \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi em trai kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua, Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed William Henry, C\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1ee9 Gloucester v\u00e0 Edinburgh, th\u00fa nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u00ed m\u1eadt k\u1ebft h\u00f4n v\u1edbi Maria, N\u1eef B\u00e1 t\u01b0\u1edbc Waldegrave, con ngo\u00e0i gi\u00e1 th\u00fa c\u1ee7a Sir Edward Walpole. C\u00e1c tin t\u1ee9c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a George r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00fang khi ban h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt: Maria c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. C\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0ng gia th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn.Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a Lord North r\u1ea5t lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n 13 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba. \u0110\u1ec3 xoa d\u1ecbu d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 thu\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u00e3i b\u1ecf, tr\u1eeb thu\u1ebf tr\u00e0 ra; \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 George g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \"m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 thu\u1ebf c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn (\u0111\u00e1nh thu\u1ebf)\". N\u0103m 1773, t\u00e0u ch\u1edf tr\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh neo t\u1ea1i C\u1ea3ng Boston \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u00e1nh c\u01b0\u1edbp v\u00e0 n\u00e9m h\u1ebft tr\u00e0 xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n; s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ti\u1ec7c tr\u00e0 Boston. \u1ede Anh, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn, v\u00e0 Chatham \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi North v\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1edbp tr\u00e0 \"ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i\". V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c t\u1eeb Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n, Lord North ban h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, theo \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3ng Boston b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n d\u00e0nh cho ti\u1ec3u bang Massachusetts \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u00e3i b\u1ecf khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u01a1 quan l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 vua thay v\u00ec H\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, theo \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Peter Thomas, \"ni\u1ec1m hy v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn c\u00e1c \u00fd ki\u1ebfn t\u1eeb n\u1ed9i c\u00e1c ngay c\u1ea3 khi ho\u00e0i nghi v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang\". C\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1763-1775 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ea3i t\u1ed9i cho George III v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i \u00e1c th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng M\u1ef9.\" M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 v\u1eabn xem \u00f4ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n v\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ea1o ch\u00faa, nh\u01b0ng trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb vua l\u1eadp hi\u1ebfn khi ch\u1ec9 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng.", "George III th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c l\u00e0 ngoan c\u1ed1 duy tr\u00ec chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1eefa ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Anh v\u1edbi C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng M\u1ef9, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi can ng\u0103n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Theo nh\u01b0 t\u00e1c gia th\u1eddi Victoria, George Trevelyan, Nh\u00e0 vua tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \"Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t cho s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 l\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, Qu\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00f4 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. Qu\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec3 cho \u0111\u00e1m phi\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i, lo l\u1eafng v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ngh\u00e8o x\u01a1 x\u00e1c, cho \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y, s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n v\u00e0 h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn kia s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i v\u00e0 h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn\". Tuy nhi\u00ean, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y b\u00eanh v\u1ef1c George b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nh\u00e0 vua kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng vi c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u00edt t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e2n v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Sau chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Saratoga, c\u1ea3 Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Anh \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 chi\u1ebfn tranh; vi\u1ec7c tuy\u1ec3n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch ch\u1ee7 h\u00f2a, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nh\u1ecf. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \u1edf M\u1ef9, Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Lord North y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n giao quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c cho Lord Chatham, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 \u00f4ng cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng George kh\u00f4ng ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n; thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t r\u1eb1ng Chatham s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1edbng d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n Lord North, nh\u01b0ng Chatham t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i. \u00d4ng qua \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1778, n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p (\u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Anh) k\u00fd k\u1ebft m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t leo thang. Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p s\u1edbm th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t li\u00ean minh c\u00f9ng T\u00e2y Ban Nha v\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0 H\u00e0 Lan, trong khi Anh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng minh l\u1edbn n\u00e0o. Lord Gower v\u00e0 Lord Weymouth \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. Lord North m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb xin t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf l\u1ea1i theo s\u1ef1 kh\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft l\u01b0u gi\u1eef c\u1ee7a George III. Nh\u1eb1m ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c chi ph\u00ed t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m cho cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean, th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1780 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ed5 ra \u1edf Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi Gordon Riots.M\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Charleston n\u0103m 1780, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o ho\u00e0ng v\u1eabn tin v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, khi qu\u00e2n Anh \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1edf tr\u1eadn Camden v\u00e0 tr\u1eadn Guilford Court House. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1781, th\u00f4ng tin Lord Cornwallis \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Yorktown khi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng; ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a Lord North \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t \u0111i s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00f4ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0o n\u0103m ti\u1ebfp theo. Nh\u00e0 vua \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb s\u1eb5n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfu th\u01b0 tho\u00e1i v\u1ecb, song \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \u1edf B\u1eafc M\u1ef9, v\u00e0 \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n cho m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh. Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc Paris \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Anh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bang \u1edf B\u1eafc M\u1ef9, c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p ch\u00fang qu\u1ed1c Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 tr\u1ea3 Florida cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y Ban Nha, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd k\u1ebft v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1882 v\u00e0 1883. Khi John Adams \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u00eamk l\u00e0m \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ebfn Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n n\u0103m 1785, George ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eabn nh\u1ecbn m\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u0169. \u00d4ng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Adams, \"Qu\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 chia t\u00e1ch; nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 chia t\u00e1ch \u1ea5y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi v\u00e0 nay \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c; Qu\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 lu\u00f4n n\u00f3i, v\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd c\u0169ng n\u00f3i, r\u1eb1ng qu\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u00ecnh h\u1eefu ngh\u1ecb v\u1edbi Hoa K\u1ef3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.\"", "V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Lord North n\u0103m 1782, Lord Rockingham, \u0111\u1ea3ng Whig tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 2, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng ta ch\u1ebft sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng. Nh\u00e0 vua sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m Lord Shelburne l\u00ean thay. Charles James Fox, tuy nhi\u00ean l\u1ea1i kh\u1ed3ng mu\u1ed1n ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 d\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbng Shelburne, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb n\u00ean b\u1ed5 d\u1ee5ng C\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbc Portland. N\u0103m 1783, H\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 bu\u1ed9c Shelburne t\u1eeb b\u1ecf ch\u1ee9c v\u1ecb v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i t\u00e1n ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 gi\u1edd n\u1eb1m trong tay li\u00ean minh Fox\u2013North. C\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1ee9 Portland tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, c\u00f2n Fox v\u00e0 Lord North, l\u00e0 B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng ngo\u1ea1i giao v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1ed9i v\u1ee5.Nh\u00e0 vua kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch Fox v\u00ec \u00f4ng ta qu\u00e1 chuy\u00ean quy\u1ec1n, \u00f4ng cho r\u1eb1ng Fox b\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed x\u1ee9 Wales. George III \u0111\u00e3 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng theo \u00fd th\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng phe \u0111\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a Portland nhanh ch\u00f3ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u1ebf \u0111a s\u1ed1 trong Vi\u1ec7n Th\u1ee9 d\u00e2n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. \u00d4ng c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng h\u01a1n khi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, theo \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n giao quy\u1ec1n cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty \u0110\u00f4ng \u1ea4n sang cho Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nh\u00e0 vua \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u00f4ng ty ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cai qu\u1ea3n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, song t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u1ee7y vi\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng minh c\u1ee7a Fox \u0111\u1ec1u tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt. Ngay sau khi H\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt, George \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n cho Lord Temple th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o v\u1edbi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng s\u1ebd coi b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt tr\u00ean l\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. B\u1edfi v\u1eady d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt b\u1ecb b\u00e1c b\u1ecf \u1edf Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 3 ng\u00e0y sang \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Portland b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i t\u00e1n, v\u00e0 William Pitt tr\u1ebb tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 Temple l\u00e0 Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edfng. Ng\u00e0y 17 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1783, Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu l\u00ean \u00e1n s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua l\u00ean Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 \"t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i l\u1edbn\" v\u00e0 bu\u1ed9c Temple ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c. S\u1ef1 ra \u0111i c\u1ee7a Temple g\u00e2y ra x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n trong ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, ba th\u00e1ng sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u1ea5t \u0111i \u0111a s\u1ed1 gh\u1ebf v\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i t\u00e1n; ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3 Pitt gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i l\u1edbn trong cu\u1ed9c tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed n\u0103m sau.", "\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi George III, vi\u1ec7c Pitt l\u00ean n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i l\u1edbn. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng nh\u00e0 vua c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a theo s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng trong Vi\u1ec7n Th\u1ee9 d\u00e2n. Trong su\u1ed1t nhi\u1ec7m k\u00ec c\u1ee7a Pitt, George \u0111\u00e3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta v\u00e0 phong cho kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo phe c\u1ee7a Pitt v\u00e0o Vi\u1ec7n Qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c. Trong v\u00e0 sau th\u1eddi Pitt n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n, George III \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Anh ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta t\u00e1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00f2ng m\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u00f4ng chung th\u1ee7y v\u1edbi v\u1ee3 m\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng r\u1ea5t y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng con c\u00e1i, t\u1eebng b\u1ecb r\u01a1i v\u00e0o kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd khi ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a hai c\u1eadu con trai v\u00e0o c\u00e1c n\u0103m 1782 v\u00e0 1783. Tuy v\u1eady, \u00f4ng qu\u1ea3n gi\u00e1o c\u00e1c con v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c k\u00ec nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc. H\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean l\u1ecbch l\u00e0 s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam t\u00fac t\u1eeb 7 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng, \"\u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng theo l\u1ec5 nghi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c\". Khi c\u00e1c con kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m theo \u0111\u00fang nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra, \u00f4ng m\u1ea5t tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng.L\u00fac n\u00e0y s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn x\u1ea5u. \u00d4ng m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh th\u1ea7n kinh, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n porphyria, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn nghi ng\u1edd gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c m\u1eabu t\u00f3c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2005 cho th\u1ea5y n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 asen, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh, kh\u00e1 cao. Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng asen n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 m\u1ef9 ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 vua \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng. Nh\u00e0 vua c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh n\u0103m 1765, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ec7nh t\u00ecnh t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u1ea1 n\u0103m 1788. V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn Cheltenham Spa \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i xa nh\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 \u00f4ng t\u1eebng t\u1edbi trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, c\u00e1ch London 100 d\u1eb7m (150 km)\u2014nh\u01b0ng b\u1ec7nh t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 11 \u00f4ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean lo\u1ea1n tr\u00ed, \u0111\u00f4i khi n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n trong nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1edd m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng l\u1ea1i, khi\u1ebfn cho mi\u1ec7ng c\u1ea1n h\u1ebft n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecdt v\u00e0 gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i kh\u00e0n kh\u00e0n. C\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng khi ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ec7nh t\u00ecnh, nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng lan ra ngo\u00e0i, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 l\u1eddi ngoa truy\u1ec1n r\u1eb1ng nh\u00e0 vua b\u1eaft tay v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i c\u00e2y m\u00e0 \u00f4ng cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 vua n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u1ed5. C\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh cho nh\u00e0 vua l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, bao g\u1ed3m Francis Willis, \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb cho vua b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u00f4ng b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh ho\u1eb7c ho\u1eb7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eafp \u0103n da \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ebd ra \"con qu\u1ef7 d\u1eef\"\".V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp, Fox v\u00e0 Pitt tranh c\u00e3i quanh chuy\u1ec7n ai s\u1ebd nhi\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh cho nh\u00e0 vua \u0111i\u00ean. Trong khi c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed r\u1eb1ng con trai l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a George l\u00e0 George, Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed x\u1ee9 Wales, s\u1ebd l\u00e0 nhi\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh, Fox t\u00ednh r\u1eb1ng Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed s\u1ebd c\u00f3 to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n thay m\u1eb7t ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c trong tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u00f2n Pitt ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i Fox v\u00ec s\u1ee3 r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed x\u1ee9 Wales n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1i quy\u1ec1n tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i th\u00ec \u00f4ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee9c, n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i quy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 2, 1789, \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt nhi\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh, \u1ee7y th\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh cho Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed x\u1ee9 Wales nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 Nhi\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh v\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua t\u1ea1i H\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n, George III b\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5c.", "\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi George III, vi\u1ec7c Pitt l\u00ean n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i l\u1edbn. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng nh\u00e0 vua c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a theo s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng trong Vi\u1ec7n Th\u1ee9 d\u00e2n. Trong su\u1ed1t nhi\u1ec7m k\u00ec c\u1ee7a Pitt, George \u0111\u00e3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta v\u00e0 phong cho kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo phe c\u1ee7a Pitt v\u00e0o Vi\u1ec7n Qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c. Trong v\u00e0 sau th\u1eddi Pitt n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n, George III \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Anh ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta t\u00e1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00f2ng m\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u00f4ng chung th\u1ee7y v\u1edbi v\u1ee3 m\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng r\u1ea5t y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng con c\u00e1i, t\u1eebng b\u1ecb r\u01a1i v\u00e0o kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd khi ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a hai c\u1eadu con trai v\u00e0o c\u00e1c n\u0103m 1782 v\u00e0 1783. Tuy v\u1eady, \u00f4ng qu\u1ea3n gi\u00e1o c\u00e1c con v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c k\u00ec nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc. H\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean l\u1ecbch l\u00e0 s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam t\u00fac t\u1eeb 7 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng, \"\u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng theo l\u1ec5 nghi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c\". Khi c\u00e1c con kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m theo \u0111\u00fang nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra, \u00f4ng m\u1ea5t tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng.L\u00fac n\u00e0y s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn x\u1ea5u. \u00d4ng m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh th\u1ea7n kinh, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n porphyria, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn nghi ng\u1edd gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c m\u1eabu t\u00f3c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2005 cho th\u1ea5y n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 asen, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh, kh\u00e1 cao. Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng asen n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 m\u1ef9 ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 vua \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng. Nh\u00e0 vua c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh n\u0103m 1765, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ec7nh t\u00ecnh t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u1ea1 n\u0103m 1788. V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn Cheltenham Spa \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i xa nh\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 \u00f4ng t\u1eebng t\u1edbi trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, c\u00e1ch London 100 d\u1eb7m (150 km)\u2014nh\u01b0ng b\u1ec7nh t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 11 \u00f4ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean lo\u1ea1n tr\u00ed, \u0111\u00f4i khi n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n trong nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1edd m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng l\u1ea1i, khi\u1ebfn cho mi\u1ec7ng c\u1ea1n h\u1ebft n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecdt v\u00e0 gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i kh\u00e0n kh\u00e0n. C\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng khi ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ec7nh t\u00ecnh, nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng lan ra ngo\u00e0i, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 l\u1eddi ngoa truy\u1ec1n r\u1eb1ng nh\u00e0 vua b\u1eaft tay v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i c\u00e2y m\u00e0 \u00f4ng cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 vua n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u1ed5. C\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh cho nh\u00e0 vua l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, bao g\u1ed3m Francis Willis, \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb cho vua b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u00f4ng b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh ho\u1eb7c ho\u1eb7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eafp \u0103n da \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ebd ra \"con qu\u1ef7 d\u1eef\"\".V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp, Fox v\u00e0 Pitt tranh c\u00e3i quanh chuy\u1ec7n ai s\u1ebd nhi\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh cho nh\u00e0 vua \u0111i\u00ean. Trong khi c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed r\u1eb1ng con trai l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a George l\u00e0 George, Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed x\u1ee9 Wales, s\u1ebd l\u00e0 nhi\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh, Fox t\u00ednh r\u1eb1ng Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed s\u1ebd c\u00f3 to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n thay m\u1eb7t ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c trong tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u00f2n Pitt ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i Fox v\u00ec s\u1ee3 r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed x\u1ee9 Wales n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1i quy\u1ec1n tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i th\u00ec \u00f4ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee9c, n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i quy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 2, 1789, \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt nhi\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh, \u1ee7y th\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh cho Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed x\u1ee9 Wales nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 Nhi\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh v\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua t\u1ea1i H\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n, George III b\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5c.", "M\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u00f2a ho\u00e3n ng\u1eafn v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p cho ph\u00e9p Pitt h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1edbi Ireland, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed5i d\u1eady v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00e2m m\u01b0u t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1798. N\u0103m 1800, Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ea1i Anh v\u00e0 Icreland th\u00f4ng qua \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt li\u00ean minh c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb 1 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1801 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Anh (Great Britain g\u1ed3m Anh, Wales, Scotland) v\u00e0 Ireland th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia duy nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Anh v\u00e0 Ireland (United Kingdom of the Great Britain and Ireland). George nh\u00e2n c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y b\u1ecf \u0111i danh hi\u1ec7u \"Vua c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p\", Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ngai v\u00e0ng Ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb th\u1eddi tr\u1ecb v\u00ec c\u1ee7a Edward III ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t. C\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb r\u1eb1ng George n\u00ean nh\u1eadn danh hi\u1ec7u \"Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3o Anh\", nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00c1i Nh\u0129 Lan, Pitt l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c kh\u1eaft khe \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o. George III tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 vi ph\u1ea1m l\u1eddi th\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng khi m\u1edbi l\u00ean ng\u00f4i l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea1o Tin L\u00e0nh. \u0110\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi cao tr\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o t\u1eeb c\u1ea3 nh\u00e0 vua v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang Anh, Pitt \u0111e d\u1ecda l\u00e0 s\u1ebd t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c. V\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3, Nh\u00e0 vua t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh c\u0169, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 do lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o. Ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1801, Pitt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1edfi Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u H\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n, Henry Addington. Addington ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i d\u1ee1 b\u1ecf r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, b\u00e3i b\u1ecf thu\u1ebf thu nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i tr\u1eeb qu\u00e2n b\u1ecb. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10, 1801, \u00f4ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p, v\u00e0 sang 1802 th\u00ec k\u00fd Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc Amiens.George kh\u00f4ng coi vi\u1ec7c ngh\u1ecb h\u00f2a v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c; \u00f4ng xem \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \"m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m\". N\u0103m 1803, chi\u1ebfn tranh ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u01b0ng qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 cho Addington l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc trong chi\u1ebfn tranh, v\u00e0 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Pitt. M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh c\u1ee7a Napoleon c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u0111ang \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n l\u1edbn n\u1ed5 ra nh\u1eb1m \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p. George \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p 27.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i Hyde Park, Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n, v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 26 v\u00e0 28 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1803 v\u00e0o l\u00fac cao tr\u00e0o c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn tranh, thu h\u00fat h\u01a1n 500.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. The Times nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t, \"S\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.\" M\u1ed9t c\u1eadn th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua vi\u1ebft v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 11 r\u1eb1ng, \"Ho\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho vi\u1ec7c ra chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, t\u01b0 trang c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng v\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o n\u1eeda gi\u1edd\". George vi\u1ebft cho b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Hurd, \"B\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u00fang ta h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1edd Bonaparte s\u1ebd c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 \u0111e d\u1ecda ch\u00fang ta ... Li\u1ec7u qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a h\u1eafn c\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea3o, Qu\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00ecnh l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u chi\u1ebfn tuy\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n, s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecdn ch\u00fang.\" Sau khi \u0110\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c Lord Nelson gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng t\u1ea1i Tr\u1eadn Trafalgar, nguy c\u01a1 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecb d\u1eadp t\u1eaft.", "M\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u00f2a ho\u00e3n ng\u1eafn v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p cho ph\u00e9p Pitt h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1edbi Ireland, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed5i d\u1eady v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00e2m m\u01b0u t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1798. N\u0103m 1800, Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ea1i Anh v\u00e0 Icreland th\u00f4ng qua \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt li\u00ean minh c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb 1 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1801 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Anh (Great Britain g\u1ed3m Anh, Wales, Scotland) v\u00e0 Ireland th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia duy nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Anh v\u00e0 Ireland (United Kingdom of the Great Britain and Ireland). George nh\u00e2n c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y b\u1ecf \u0111i danh hi\u1ec7u \"Vua c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p\", Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ngai v\u00e0ng Ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb th\u1eddi tr\u1ecb v\u00ec c\u1ee7a Edward III ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t. C\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb r\u1eb1ng George n\u00ean nh\u1eadn danh hi\u1ec7u \"Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3o Anh\", nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00c1i Nh\u0129 Lan, Pitt l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c kh\u1eaft khe \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o. George III tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 vi ph\u1ea1m l\u1eddi th\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng khi m\u1edbi l\u00ean ng\u00f4i l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea1o Tin L\u00e0nh. \u0110\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi cao tr\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o t\u1eeb c\u1ea3 nh\u00e0 vua v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang Anh, Pitt \u0111e d\u1ecda l\u00e0 s\u1ebd t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c. V\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3, Nh\u00e0 vua t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh c\u0169, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 do lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o. Ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1801, Pitt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1edfi Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u H\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n, Henry Addington. Addington ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i d\u1ee1 b\u1ecf r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, b\u00e3i b\u1ecf thu\u1ebf thu nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i tr\u1eeb qu\u00e2n b\u1ecb. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10, 1801, \u00f4ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p, v\u00e0 sang 1802 th\u00ec k\u00fd Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc Amiens.George kh\u00f4ng coi vi\u1ec7c ngh\u1ecb h\u00f2a v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c; \u00f4ng xem \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \"m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m\". N\u0103m 1803, chi\u1ebfn tranh ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u01b0ng qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 cho Addington l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc trong chi\u1ebfn tranh, v\u00e0 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Pitt. M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh c\u1ee7a Napoleon c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u0111ang \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n l\u1edbn n\u1ed5 ra nh\u1eb1m \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p. George \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p 27.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i Hyde Park, Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n, v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 26 v\u00e0 28 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1803 v\u00e0o l\u00fac cao tr\u00e0o c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn tranh, thu h\u00fat h\u01a1n 500.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. The Times nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t, \"S\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.\" M\u1ed9t c\u1eadn th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua vi\u1ebft v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 11 r\u1eb1ng, \"Ho\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho vi\u1ec7c ra chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, t\u01b0 trang c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng v\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o n\u1eeda gi\u1edd\". George vi\u1ebft cho b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Hurd, \"B\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u00fang ta h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1edd Bonaparte s\u1ebd c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 \u0111e d\u1ecda ch\u00fang ta ... Li\u1ec7u qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a h\u1eafn c\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea3o, Qu\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00ecnh l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u chi\u1ebfn tuy\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n, s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecdn ch\u00fang.\" Sau khi \u0110\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c Lord Nelson gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng t\u1ea1i Tr\u1eadn Trafalgar, nguy c\u01a1 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecb d\u1eadp t\u1eaft.", "George III \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng trong 81 n\u0103m 239 ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 tr\u1ecb v\u00ec 59 n\u0103m 96 ng\u00e0y: cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng d\u00e0i h\u01a1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Victoria v\u00e0 Elizabeth II s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 tr\u1ecb v\u00ec l\u00e2u h\u01a1n.", "George III hi v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng \"nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u00e1c \u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n trong nh\u1eefng m\u00e0u s\u1eafc phu nh\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 n\u1ecbnh b\u1ee3 cho nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng\", nh\u01b0ng trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi t\u00e1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng George III v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn coi \u00f4ng nh\u01b0 qu\u1ef7 d\u1eef. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i, George \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f2ng d\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1770 m\u1ea5t \u0111i s\u1ef1 trung th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 t\u1eeb sau cu\u1ed9c C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn cho r\u1eb1ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda s\u1ed1 d\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi ho\u00e0ng gia. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau trong Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb l\u00e0 \"nh\u1eafc \u0111i nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm \u0111o\u1ea1t\" r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t \"ch\u00ednh th\u1ec3 chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i\" t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba. Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi l\u1ebd trong B\u1ea3n Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n g\u00e2y m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c trong qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang M\u1ef9 r\u1eb1ng George l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n v\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ea1o ch\u00faa. Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn hi\u1ec7n nay v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a George III chia l\u00e0m 2 lu\u1ed3ng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 \"th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf trong ph\u1ea7n sau c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i, khi nh\u00e0 vua \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00f4n k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tham v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p\", trong khi lu\u1ed3ng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \"c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd r\u1eb1ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp xung \u0111\u1ed9t phe ph\u00e1i quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a hai th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a phe \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp\".X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean hai lu\u1ed3ng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc Anh th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XIX v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u XX, bao g\u1ed3m Trevelyan v\u00e0 Erskine May, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a George. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XX, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Lewis Namier, ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a George \"b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 vu kh\u1ed1ng\", v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. C\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XX, nh\u01b0 Butterfield v\u1edbi Pares, Macalpine v\u1edbi Hunter, c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m h\u01a1n v\u1edbi George, xem \u00f4ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt. Butterfield \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc ti\u1ec1n b\u1ed1i th\u1eddi Victorian v\u1edbi th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 khinh th\u1ecb: \"Erskine c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 t\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t s\u1eed gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o l\u1ed7i qua c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u n\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb9p k\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y, v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y l\u1eafp m\u1ed9ng \u0111u\u00f4i \u00e9n v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng. Mang \u00f4ng \u1ea5y v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t h\u01a1n v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng l\u00fd th\u00fa h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y... \u00d4ng \u1ea5y ch\u00e8n h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y, c\u1ea5p quang sai ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y, nh\u1eb1m s\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y, mang c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u1edf trung t\u00e2m ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt.\" \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng duy tr\u00ec chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba M\u1ef9, George III tin r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 thu ti\u1ec1n thu\u1ebf, thay v\u00ec t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c hay \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, d\u01b0\u1edbi tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a George III, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd qu\u1ed1c gia.", "George III hi v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng \"nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u00e1c \u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n trong nh\u1eefng m\u00e0u s\u1eafc phu nh\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 n\u1ecbnh b\u1ee3 cho nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng\", nh\u01b0ng trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi t\u00e1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng George III v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn coi \u00f4ng nh\u01b0 qu\u1ef7 d\u1eef. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i, George \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f2ng d\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1770 m\u1ea5t \u0111i s\u1ef1 trung th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 t\u1eeb sau cu\u1ed9c C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn cho r\u1eb1ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda s\u1ed1 d\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi ho\u00e0ng gia. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau trong Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb l\u00e0 \"nh\u1eafc \u0111i nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm \u0111o\u1ea1t\" r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t \"ch\u00ednh th\u1ec3 chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i\" t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba. Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi l\u1ebd trong B\u1ea3n Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n g\u00e2y m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c trong qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang M\u1ef9 r\u1eb1ng George l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n v\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ea1o ch\u00faa. Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn hi\u1ec7n nay v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a George III chia l\u00e0m 2 lu\u1ed3ng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 \"th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf trong ph\u1ea7n sau c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i, khi nh\u00e0 vua \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00f4n k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tham v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p\", trong khi lu\u1ed3ng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \"c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd r\u1eb1ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp xung \u0111\u1ed9t phe ph\u00e1i quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a hai th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a phe \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp\".X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean hai lu\u1ed3ng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc Anh th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XIX v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u XX, bao g\u1ed3m Trevelyan v\u00e0 Erskine May, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a George. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XX, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Lewis Namier, ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a George \"b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 vu kh\u1ed1ng\", v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. C\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XX, nh\u01b0 Butterfield v\u1edbi Pares, Macalpine v\u1edbi Hunter, c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m h\u01a1n v\u1edbi George, xem \u00f4ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt. Butterfield \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc ti\u1ec1n b\u1ed1i th\u1eddi Victorian v\u1edbi th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 khinh th\u1ecb: \"Erskine c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 t\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t s\u1eed gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o l\u1ed7i qua c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u n\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb9p k\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y, v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y l\u1eafp m\u1ed9ng \u0111u\u00f4i \u00e9n v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng. Mang \u00f4ng \u1ea5y v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t h\u01a1n v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng l\u00fd th\u00fa h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y... \u00d4ng \u1ea5y ch\u00e8n h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y, c\u1ea5p quang sai ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y, nh\u1eb1m s\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y, mang c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u1edf trung t\u00e2m ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt.\" \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng duy tr\u00ec chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba M\u1ef9, George III tin r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 thu ti\u1ec1n thu\u1ebf, thay v\u00ec t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c hay \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, d\u01b0\u1edbi tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a George III, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd qu\u1ed1c gia.", "S\u00e2n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng Sarawak (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u00e2n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng Negeri) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u00e2n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111a n\u0103ng \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Kuching, Malaysia.  S\u00e2n n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c ch\u1ee9a l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 40.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. S\u00e2n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y n\u0103m 1997 cho Gi\u1ea3i v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch thanh ni\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi FIFA (FIFA World Youth Championship). S\u00e2n n\u00e0y g\u1ea7n s\u00e2n c\u0169 (the State Stadium (Stadium Negeri)) tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn thi \u0111\u1ea5u. S\u00e2n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng Sarawak l\u00e0 s\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Sarawak FA, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 h\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Malaysian Premier League.", "S\u00e2n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng Sarawak (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u00e2n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng Negeri) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u00e2n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111a n\u0103ng \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Kuching, Malaysia.  S\u00e2n n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c ch\u1ee9a l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 40.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. S\u00e2n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y n\u0103m 1997 cho Gi\u1ea3i v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch thanh ni\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi FIFA (FIFA World Youth Championship). S\u00e2n n\u00e0y g\u1ea7n s\u00e2n c\u0169 (the State Stadium (Stadium Negeri)) tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn thi \u0111\u1ea5u. S\u00e2n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng Sarawak l\u00e0 s\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Sarawak FA, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 h\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Malaysian Premier League.", "T\u1eeb khi n\u1ed5i l\u00ean tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n, h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3o bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh tr\u00e1i tim v\u1edbi hai v\u1ecbnh g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3o l\u00e0 V\u1ecbnh Cook (Paopao) v\u00e0 V\u1ecbnh Opunohu. H\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o r\u1ed9ng 134 km\u00b2 v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u00fai l\u1eeda t\u1eeb 1,5 \u0111\u1ebfn 2,5 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 che ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Soci\u00e9t\u00e9. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng cac v\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0y nay nguy\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c s\u00f4ng m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb l\u1ea5p k\u00edn khi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n d\u00e2ng l\u00ean. \u0110\u1ec9nh cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o l\u00e0 N\u00fai Tohieal (1207 m\u00e9t)", "D\u1ec5 tr\u0169i ki\u1ebfm \u0103n ban \u0111\u00eam v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn th\u1eddi gian ch\u00fang \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hang d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c n\u00ean \u00edt khi b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p ch\u00fang. Ch\u00fang s\u1ed1ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng, b\u00e3i c\u1ecf \u1edf kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb ch\u00e2u Nam C\u1ef1c. \u1ede m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00f4i khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ebf tr\u0169i l\u00e0m th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m.", "Watson b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u00ean s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u v\u00e0 gia nh\u1eadp C\u00f4ng ty Royal Shakespeare v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1992. N\u0103m 2002, c\u00f4 \u0111\u00f3ng vai ch\u00ednh trong c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Twelfth Night v\u00e0 B\u00e1c Vanya t\u1ea1i Donmar Warehouse, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eed cho gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Olivier n\u0103m 2003 cho N\u1eef di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t cho phim n\u00e0y. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 phim kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 bao g\u1ed3m The Boxer (1997), Angela's Ashes (1999), Gosford Park (2001), Punch-Drunk Love (2002), Red Dragon (2002), Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Peter Sellers (2004), Corpse Bride 2005), phim truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh Synecdoche, New York (2008), phim Oranges and Sunshine (2010), Chi\u1ebfn m\u00e3 (2011), Thuy\u1ebft y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng (2014) v\u00e0 Kingsman: T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Ho\u00e0ng Kim (n\u0103m 2017).", "Johan Karl Schuster, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ngh\u1ec7 danh Shellback, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i h\u00e1t, nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thu \u00e2m v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n. Anh c\u00f3 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi Max Martin, c\u00f9ng nhau, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c ra nhi\u1ec1u ca kh\u00fac n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \"So What\", \"Raise Your Glass\", \"F**kin' Perfect\" c\u1ee7a P!nk, \"Whataya Want from Me\" c\u1ee7a Adam Lambert, \"If U Seek Amy\", \"3\", \"I Wanna Go\" c\u1ee7a Britney Spears, \"DJ Got Us Fallin' in Love\" c\u1ee7a Usher. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ca kh\u00fac tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1ecdt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o Top 20 b\u1ea3ng x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng Billboard Hot 100 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9. Shellback ngo\u00e0i ra c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c cho \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u01a1n \"Moves Like Jagger\" c\u1ee7a Maroon 5 v\u00e0 Christina Aguilera, ca kh\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed qu\u00e1n qu\u00e2n tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.", "Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u01b0 d\u00e2n t\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Tuva, tuy nhi\u00ean ti\u1ebfng Nga \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 l\u00e0 Kyzyl. C\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ea1i Tuva l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i Khural, c\u01a1 quan n\u00e0y b\u1ea7u l\u00ean m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m k\u00ec b\u1ed1n n\u0103m. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 Sholban Kara-ool.", "C\u00f3 tr\u00ean 8.000 s\u00f4ng su\u1ed1i t\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. G\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a S\u00f4ng Enisei, con s\u00f4ng d\u00e0i th\u1ee9 n\u0103m tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c con s\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i Tuva \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 chi l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a s\u00f4ng Yenisei. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 su\u1ed1i kho\u00e1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n. C\u00e1c s\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1i Tuva l\u00e0: Bolshoy Enisei (c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ulug-Khem), Kantegir, Khemchik, Maly Enisei (c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ka-Khem hay Kaa-Khem), Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Enisei (c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Biy-Khem hay Bii-Khem). Tr\u00ean l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Tuva c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, nhi\u1ec1u trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng hay l\u00e0 h\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n. C\u00e1c h\u1ed3 ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m: Todzha, (100 km\u00b2)\u2014h\u1ed3 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5,Uvs Nuur Di s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi chung v\u1edbi M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5, Kadysh v\u00e0 Many-Khol", "C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Tuva c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3 nh\u01b0 ch\u00f3 s\u00f3i, g\u1ea5u, b\u00e1o tuy\u1ebft, s\u00f3c \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u00e1o bay, \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1.", "Ba t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i Tuva l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, Ch\u00ednh Th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 Shaman gi\u00e1o. L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 Tenzin Gyatso, \u0110\u1ea1t-lai L\u1ea1t-ma th\u1ee9 14. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1992, \u0110a-lai L\u1ea1t-ma th\u1ee9 14 \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebfng th\u0103m Tuva trong ba ng\u00e0y. Ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 9, \u00f4ng ban ph\u00fac v\u00e0 t\u00f4n phong l\u00e1 c\u1edd m\u1edbi m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng-xanh d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 tr\u1eafng c\u1ee7a Tuva, v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng qua ba ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Tuva c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Uyghur t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 hai d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Turk duy nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Shaman gi\u00e1o b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba.", "Amanda Michelle Seyfried ( /\u02c8sa\u026afr\u025bd/ SY-fred; sinh ng\u00e0y 03 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1985) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eef di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean v\u00e0 ca s\u0129 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9. C\u00f4 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eabu khi m\u1edbi 11 tu\u1ed5i, sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec5n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 15 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng vai di\u1ec5n kh\u00e1ch m\u1eddi v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n sang nh\u1eefng vai di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 trong c\u00e1c v\u1edf k\u1ecbch opera As the World Turns v\u00e0 All My Children.", "N\u0103m 2004, Seyfried l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean phim \u1ea3nh trong b\u1ed9 phim h\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i teen Mean Girls. C\u00e1c vai di\u1ec5n sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 l\u00e0 trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 phim \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 phim truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh Nine Lives (2005) v\u00e0 phim truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m Alpha Dog (2006), c\u00f4 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t vai di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 trong b\u1ed9 phim truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh Veronica Mars (2004-2006). Gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 2006 v\u00e0 2011, c\u00f4 \u0111\u00f3ng vai ch\u00ednh trong b\u1ed9 phim truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh Big Love c\u1ee7a k\u00eanh HBO v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong b\u1ed9 phim \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng Mamma Mia! (2008).", "Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ng\u00e0y Valentine (hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 2 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m) l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 ch\u1ec9 \u1edf B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y nay n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia.", "Valentine l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t linh m\u1ee5c d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf La M\u00e3 Claudius II. L\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 III, \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c La M\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i tham gia nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u1eabm m\u00e1u v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2n \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9. Do g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c ch\u00e0ng trai tr\u1ebb gia nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, Claudius II cho r\u1eb1ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng La M\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n r\u1eddi xa gia \u0111\u00ecnh hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng y\u1ebfu m\u1ec1m; do \u0111\u00f3, Claudius II ra l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c l\u1ec5 \u0111\u00ednh h\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn.Linh m\u1ee5c Valentine \u1edf th\u00e0nh La M\u00e3, c\u00f9ng Th\u00e1nh Marius \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh l\u1ec5 c\u01b0\u1edbi cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4i v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng tr\u1ebb trong b\u00ed m\u1eadt. Khi b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, linh m\u1ee5c Valentine \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft v\u00e0 k\u1ebft \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c k\u00e9o l\u00ea v\u00e0 b\u1ecb n\u00e9m \u0111\u00e1 cho \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebft. Bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ra ph\u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u00f4ng g\u1eedi t\u1ea5m \"thi\u1ec7p Valentine\" \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho c\u00f4 con g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a vi\u00ean cai t\u00f9 Asterius, ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebfu n\u1eef m\u00f9 l\u00f2a b\u1ea9m sinh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e9p l\u1ea1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 k\u00fd t\u00ean \"dal vostro Valentino\" - from your Valentine (\"T\u1eeb Valentine c\u1ee7a em\"). Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p t\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n v\u1eabn c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng k\u00fd t\u00ean b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb \"From your Valentine\" c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a thay v\u00ec t\u00ean m\u00ecnh trong c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m thi\u1ec7p Valentine. D\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n, ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 2 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y trao \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh y\u00eau v\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh Valentine \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ecb Th\u00e1nh b\u1ed5n m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng l\u1ee9a \u0111\u00f4i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u1eedi cho nhau nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i th\u01a1 v\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng cho nhau nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 hoa h\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 s\u00f4 c\u00f4 la.", "V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1797, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o Anh ra m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch The Young Man\u2019s Valentine Writer, bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2u m\u1eabu t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c. C\u00e1c m\u00e1y in b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi l\u1eddi v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \"m\u00e1y valentine,\" v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ea1 gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1 tem b\u01b0u ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng th\u01a1 t\u1eeb trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m phong tr\u00e0o g\u1eedi th\u01b0, thi\u1ec7p trong ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 t\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n t\u0103ng cao. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i g\u1eedi thi\u1ec7p \u1ea9n danh, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec7p Valentine c\u0169ng b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd l\u00e0m xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng v\u1ea7n th\u01a1 t\u00ecnh \u00e1i \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i ho\u00e0ng kim c\u1ee7a n\u1eef ho\u00e0ng Victoria.Gi\u1ea5y trang tr\u00ed Valentine tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf Anh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX, t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 x\u01b0\u1edfng in \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nhu c\u1ea7u. C\u00e1c thi\u1ec7p Valentine ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb ren th\u1eadt v\u00e0 ruy b\u0103ng, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ren gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX. S\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh Valatine t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1840 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi Leigh Eric Schmidt. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o trong Graham's American Monthly vi\u1ebft trong n\u0103m 1849, \"Ng\u00e0y Th\u00e1nh Valentine\"... \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh, ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 qu\u1ed1c gia.\" \u1ede Hoa K\u1ef3, \u0111\u1ee3t b\u00e1n thi\u1ec7p Valentine v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1847 sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi c\u00f4 Esther Howland (1828\u20131904) ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u1ee9 Worcester, Massachusetts.", "T\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, nhi\u1ec1u n\u1eef nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u00f3 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn ph\u1ea3i t\u1eb7ng chocolate, b\u00e1nh k\u1eb9o, hoa qu\u1ea3 cho c\u00e1c nam \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p. T\u1ee5c l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y mang t\u00ean giri-choko (\u7fa9\u7406\u30c1\u30e7\u30b3); giri c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \"b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn\", choko l\u00e0 chocolate. \u0110\u00fang m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng sau \u0111\u00f3, trong ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 3, t\u1ee9c ng\u00e0y White Day, ph\u00eda nam c\u00f3 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn ph\u1ea3i t\u1eb7ng qu\u00e0 l\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c n\u1eef \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfu c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00ecnh trong ng\u00e0y Valentine, nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 n\u00e0y th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i mang m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng.", "\u0110\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i d\u00e2n c\u01b0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3i ra v\u1edbi 21,3% \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i d\u01b0\u1edbi 18, 8,1% 18-24, 30,2% 25-44, 22,7% 45-64, v\u00e0 17,8% t\u1eeb 65 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 38 n\u0103m. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i 100 n\u1eef c\u00f3 86,6 nam gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i 100 n\u1eef 18 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean, c\u00f3 83,4 nam gi\u1edbi.", "Thu nh\u1eadp trung b\u00ecnh cho m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u00e0 $ 46.795, v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp trung b\u00ecnh cho m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh l\u00e0 $ 60.424. Ph\u00e1i nam c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp trung b\u00ecnh $ 41.192 so v\u1edbi 29.454 $ cho ph\u00e1i n\u1eef. Thu nh\u1eadp b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u00e0 23.562 $. Kho\u1ea3ng 4,1% c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 6,5% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 s\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 7,8% c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u01b0\u1edbi 18 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 6,3% c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi 65 tu\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1n.", "Pakistan c\u00f3 b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n d\u00e0i 1,046 km (650 mi) d\u1ecdc theo Bi\u1ec3n \u1ea2 R\u1eadp v\u00e0 V\u1ecbnh Oman \u1edf ph\u00eda nam; ph\u00eda t\u00e2y gi\u00e1p Afghanistan v\u00e0 Iran; ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng gi\u00e1p \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9; c\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1eafc gi\u00e1p C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0 Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Trung Hoa. Tajikistan c\u0169ng n\u1eb1m r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi Pakistan nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch b\u1edfi H\u00e0nh lang Wakhan h\u1eb9p. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean ng\u00e3 t\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1eefa Nam \u00c1, Trung \u00c1 v\u00e0 Trung \u0110\u00f4ng.V\u00f9ng t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc Pakistan hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eebng l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n V\u0103n minh l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c s\u00f4ng \u1ea4n c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i l\u0129nh h\u1ed9i c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 V\u1ec7 \u0110\u00e0, Ba T\u01b0, \u1ea4n-Hy L\u1ea1p, Turk-M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 v\u00e0 H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o. V\u00f9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0/hay \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n-Aryan, Ba T\u01b0, Hy L\u1ea1p, \u1ea2 R\u1eadp, Th\u1ed5, Afghan, M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5, Sikh v\u00e0 Anh.Ngo\u00e0i Phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, Phong tr\u00e0o Pakistan (d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Muhammad Ali Jinnah thu\u1ed9c Li\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o), c\u0169ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp cho \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp cho \u0111a s\u1ed1 d\u00e2n c\u01b0 H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 thu\u1ed9c Anh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh \u0111\u00e3 trao \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u0169ng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111a s\u1ed1 H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o Pakistan g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh Sindh, T\u1ec9nh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi T\u00e2y B\u1eafc, T\u00e2y Punjab, Balochistan v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng Bengal. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng qua hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p n\u0103m 1956, Pakistan tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0 H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o. N\u0103m 1971, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Pakistan d\u1eabn t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Bangladesh.", "Pakistan c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 881,640 km\u00b2 (340,403 d\u1eb7m vu\u00f4ng), x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Anh. C\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean \u0111\u0129a ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng t\u00e2y v\u00e0 b\u1eafc tr\u00ean cao nguy\u00ean Iran v\u00e0 l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba \u00c1 \u00c2u. Ngo\u00e0i 1,046-kil\u00f4m\u00e9t (650 d\u1eb7m) b\u1edd Bi\u1ec3n \u1ea2 R\u1eadp, c\u00e1c bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Pakistan c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i 6,774 kil\u00f4m\u00e9t\u20142,430 kil\u00f4m\u00e9t (1,509 d\u1eb7m) v\u1edbi Afghanistan \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y b\u1eafc, 523 kil\u00f4m\u00e9t (325 d\u1eb7m) v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1eafc, 2,912 kil\u00f4m\u00e9t (1,809 d\u1eb7m) v\u1edbi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 909 kil\u00f4m\u00e9t (565 d\u1eb7m) v\u1edbi Iran \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y nam.", "Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh Pakistan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u2014ti\u1ec1n H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o, H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o, thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 h\u1eadu thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a v\u0103n minh Indus kho\u1ea3ng gi\u1eefa thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 ba tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng Nguy\u00ean, m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong v\u00f9ng, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u1edbn, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay. Mohenjo Daro, Harappa v\u00e0 Kot Diji thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ti\u1ec1n H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o. S\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng Ba T\u01b0 v\u00e0 Hy L\u1ea1p \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a phong c\u00e1ch Hy L\u1ea1p-Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng Nguy\u00ean. \u0110\u1ec9nh cao c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u1ef7 n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra c\u00f9ng phong c\u00e1ch Gandhara. M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e0n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a tu vi\u1ec7n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Takht-i-Bahi \u1edf t\u1ec9nh Bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi T\u00e2y B\u1eafc.", "Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh Pakistan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u2014ti\u1ec1n H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o, H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o, thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 h\u1eadu thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a v\u0103n minh Indus kho\u1ea3ng gi\u1eefa thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 ba tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng Nguy\u00ean, m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong v\u00f9ng, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u1edbn, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay. Mohenjo Daro, Harappa v\u00e0 Kot Diji thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ti\u1ec1n H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o. S\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng Ba T\u01b0 v\u00e0 Hy L\u1ea1p \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a phong c\u00e1ch Hy L\u1ea1p-Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng Nguy\u00ean. \u0110\u1ec9nh cao c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u1ef7 n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra c\u00f9ng phong c\u00e1ch Gandhara. M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e0n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a tu vi\u1ec7n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Takht-i-Bahi \u1edf t\u1ec9nh Bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi T\u00e2y B\u1eafc.", "\u1ede m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, Pakistan \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n tham gia Olympics m\u00f9a h\u00e8 m\u00f4n hockey tr\u00ean c\u1ecf, quy\u1ec1n Anh, \u0111i\u1ec1n kinh, b\u01a1i l\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 b\u1eafn s\u00fang. Pakistan \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 10 chi\u1ebfc huy ch\u01b0\u01a1ng (3 v\u00e0ng, 3 b\u1ea1c v\u00e0 4 \u0111\u1ed3ng) trong khi t\u1ea1i Commonwealth Games v\u00e0 Asian Games h\u1ecd c\u00f3 61 v\u00e0 182 huy ch\u01b0\u01a1ng. Hockey l\u00e0 m\u00f4n th\u1ec3 thao Pakistan c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c k\u1ef3 Olympic, v\u1edbi ba huy ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0ng n\u0103m (1960, 1968, v\u00e0 1984). Pakistan c\u0169ng c\u00f3 k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n gi\u00e0nh Hockey World Cup (1971, 1978, 1982, 1994). Motorsport Association c\u1ee7a Pakistan l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a F\u00e9d\u00e9ration Internationale de l'Automobile. Trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4n th\u1ec3 thao th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m hang \u0111\u1ed9ng Pakistan l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a UIS (Li\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n Hang \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf) Freedom Rally l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua off-road \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u00e0ng n\u0103m di\u1ec5n ra trong c\u00e1c d\u1ecbp k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. Pakistan c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham gia Golf World Cup n\u0103m 2009.", "B\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o  chi\u1ebfm 29% di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec3u bang Michigan nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm 3% t\u1ed5ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 bang. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Yoopers (c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb \"UP-ers\") v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. B\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1ea7n Lan, Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n, \u0110an M\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 Na Uy di c\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o Keweenaw (b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u1eafc Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Michigan), l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00e1c m\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed3ng trong khu v\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ngay c\u1ea3 sau khi c\u00e1c m\u1ecf \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda.X\u1ebfp theo di\u1ec7n t\u00edch, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o l\u00e0 Marquette, Sault Ste. Marie, Escanaba, Menominee, Iron Mountain, v\u00e0 Houghton. \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111ai v\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00ec m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t. N\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean khai th\u00e1c g\u1ed7, khai th\u00e1c m\u1ecf v\u00e0 du l\u1ecbch. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \"th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 v\u00e0ng son\" 1890-1920. \u0110\u1ea5t ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e0 r\u1eebng v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c g\u1ed7 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng.", "Tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a EU v\u00e0 NATO l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Latvia trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990. Trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ea7u to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2003, trong s\u1ed1 100% c\u1eed tri tham gia b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu, 66,9% c\u1eed tri Latvia \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 gia nh\u1eadp Li\u00ean minh ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Latvia tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean minh ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (EU) v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 2004. Latvia tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean NATO k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 29 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2004.", "Tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a EU v\u00e0 NATO l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Latvia trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990. Trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ea7u to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2003, trong s\u1ed1 100% c\u1eed tri tham gia b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu, 66,9% c\u1eed tri Latvia \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 gia nh\u1eadp Li\u00ean minh ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Latvia tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean minh ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (EU) v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 2004. Latvia tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean NATO k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 29 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2004.", "Grace Stewart (Nicole Kidman) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 s\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea1o C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, s\u1ed1ng c\u00f9ng hai con nh\u1ecf trong m\u1ed9t c\u0103n nh\u00e0 h\u1ebbo l\u00e1nh t\u1ea1i Anh Qu\u1ed1c trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian h\u1eadu Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai. C\u00e1c con c\u1ee7a c\u00f4, Anne (Alakina Mann) v\u00e0 Nicholas (James Bentley), \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1eafc c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh m\u1eabn c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng k\u00ec l\u1ea1, khi\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u00fang kh\u1ecfi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng; ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n Grace c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua ch\u1ee9ng \u0111au n\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea7u. M\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u1ecd, 3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u0103n nh\u00e0 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn \u2014 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea7u ki\u00eam gi\u1eef tr\u1ebb gi\u00e0 t\u00ean l\u00e0 B\u00e0 Bertha Mills (Fionnula Flanagan), m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m v\u01b0\u1eddn cao tu\u1ed5i t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u00d4ng Edmund Tuttle (Eric Sykes) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4 g\u00e1i tr\u1ebb b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ebfc t\u00ean l\u00e0 Lydia (Elaine Cassidy) \u2014 c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n k\u00ec l\u1ea1, khi\u1ebfn Grace tin r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh.", "M\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia, hai ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 (ch\u1eef H\u00e1n: \u4e00\u570b\u5169\u5236, nh\u1ea5t qu\u1ed1c l\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ebf) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1eb7ng Ti\u1ec3u B\u00ecnh - l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 t\u1ed1i cao c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Trung Hoa \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1980. \u0110\u1eb7ng mong mu\u1ed1n th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t Trung Qu\u1ed1c duy nh\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp nh\u01b0 H\u1ed3ng-k\u00f4ng, Ma-cao (ng\u00e0y nay t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7c khu h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf - ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n trong khi ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i: Trung Hoa \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ee5c n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a. Theo \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb n\u00e0y, m\u1ed7i khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ri\u00eang, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quy\u1ec1n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.", "N\u0103m 1984, \u0110\u1eb7ng Ti\u1ec3u B\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc cho H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng trong cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e0m v\u1edbi Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Anh Margaret Thatcher v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng khi vi\u1ec7c cho V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh thu\u00ea c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 m\u1edbi (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 T\u00e2n C\u1eedu Long) c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1997. M\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1edbi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha v\u1ec1 Macau.", "Antonio Sant'Elia (30 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1888 \u2013 10 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1916), sinh ra t\u1ea1i Como, Lombardy, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dd.Elia m\u1edf v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Milano n\u0103m 1912 v\u00e0 gia nh\u1eadp Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a v\u1ecb lai. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1912 \u0111\u1ebfn 1914, Elia b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Otto Wagner v\u00e0 Adolf Loos c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, \u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho \u0111\u1ed3 \u00e1n \"Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 m\u1edbi\" (Citt\u00e0 Nouva) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.", "Ng\u00e0y 2 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1945, con trai c\u1ee7a Milton v\u00e0 Rose, David Director Friedman, ra \u0111\u1eddi.", "Friedman n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa cung ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb danh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u ra, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7. L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft tr\u1ecdng ti\u1ec1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Salamanca v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 16 ho\u1eb7c xa h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Friedman \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y ng\u00e0y nay. \u0110\u1ed3ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u1edbi Anna Schwartz trong cu\u1ed1n \"L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3, 1867-1960\" (1963), t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a cung ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed kinh t\u1ebf Hoa K\u1ef3. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng cung ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 g\u00e2y t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ed3i quy v\u1edbi David Meiselman trong th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 60 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a cung ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 l\u00ean tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 chi ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra. Nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a Friedman v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng trong ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a cung ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u ra nh\u01b0ng trong d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n th\u00ec ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3.", "Friedman n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa cung ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb danh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u ra, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7. L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft tr\u1ecdng ti\u1ec1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Salamanca v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 16 ho\u1eb7c xa h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Friedman \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y ng\u00e0y nay. \u0110\u1ed3ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u1edbi Anna Schwartz trong cu\u1ed1n \"L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3, 1867-1960\" (1963), t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a cung ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed kinh t\u1ebf Hoa K\u1ef3. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng cung ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 g\u00e2y t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ed3i quy v\u1edbi David Meiselman trong th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 60 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a cung ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 l\u00ean tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 chi ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra. Nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a Friedman v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng trong ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a cung ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u ra nh\u01b0ng trong d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n th\u00ec ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3.", "Friedman l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i tr\u1ecdng ti\u1ec1n trong kinh t\u1ebf. \u00d4ng ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd gi\u1eefa l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cung ti\u1ec1n, qua \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn. \u00d4ng v\u00ed von n\u00f3 v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \"th\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n t\u1eeb tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng\", nh\u1eb1m tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u00e0i to\u00e1n c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u01a1m ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u00f3a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.", "C\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft h\u00e0m ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, thuy\u1ebft thu nh\u1eadp v\u0129nh c\u1eedu, nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 Friedman cho l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong Phillips d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean(1968).", "M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Fossey lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eabu, b\u00e0 l\u1ea1i g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4n khoa h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n bao g\u1ed3m h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 tr\u01b0\u1ee3t trong n\u0103m th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh. B\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed5i h\u01b0\u1edbng sang tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Bang San Jose, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tham gia v\u00e0o h\u1ed9i n\u1eef sinh Kappa Alpha Theta t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1954. T\u1eeb chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Fossey \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p trong ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u00e0y. B\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf California v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb lao. Fossey v\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eebng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01b0\u1ee1i ng\u1ef1a \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i, ch\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn b\u00e0 t\u1edbi Kentucky n\u0103m 1955, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o l\u00e0m chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u1ea1i B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ebb em khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt Kosair \u1edf Louisville.Ch\u00ednh nh\u1edd t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch ng\u1ea1i ng\u00f9ng v\u00e0 e d\u00e8 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap Fossey c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb trong b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n. B\u00e0 d\u1ea7n tr\u1edf n\u00ean th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft h\u01a1n v\u1edbi n\u1eef \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p Mary White \"Gaynee\" Henry, th\u01b0 k\u00fd gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 v\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, Michael J. Henry. V\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng Henry \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eddi Fossey \u0111\u1ebfn tham gia c\u00f9ng h\u1ecd trong trang tr\u1ea1i ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y b\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y v\u1edbi gia s\u00fac v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed gia \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebfu v\u1eafng trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi b\u00e0. Nh\u1eefng l\u00fac r\u1ea3nh r\u1ed7i, b\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng theo \u0111u\u1ed5i t\u00ecnh y\u00eau c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i ng\u1ef1a.", "V\u00e0o s\u00e1ng s\u1edbm ng\u00e0y 27 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1985, Fossey \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb s\u00e1t h\u1ea1i trong ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a cabin ri\u00eang \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i r\u00eca xa c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea1i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1edf Virunga, Rwanda. Thi th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong t\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u1eb1m ng\u1eeda g\u1ea7n hai chi\u1ebfc gi\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01a1i b\u00e0 ng\u1ee7, c\u00e1ch ch\u1eebng 7 foot (2 m) t\u00ednh t\u1eeb l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng m\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng (ho\u1eb7c nh\u00f3m) \u0111\u00e3 kho\u00e9t l\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng cabin. Wayne Richard McGuire, tr\u1ee3 l\u00fd nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Fossey t\u1ea1i Karisoke, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eadp cho \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebft, thu\u1eadt l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng \"khi t\u00f4i c\u00fai xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 \u00fd, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t b\u00e0 b\u1ecb ch\u1ebb ra, theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e9o, b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1t m\u00e3 t\u1ea5u.\" Cabin v\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e3i \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3nh k\u00ednh v\u1ee1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea1c th\u00ec b\u1ecb l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang ng\u1eafn 9-mm v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1n \u1edf tr\u00ean s\u00e0n nh\u00e0 b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh b\u00e0. Tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 cho t\u1ed9i \u00e1c n\u00e0y, khi m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Fossey v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean trong cabin, bao g\u1ed3m h\u1ed9 chi\u1ebfu, s\u00fang, c\u00f9ng h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u00f4 la M\u1ef9 b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 s\u00e9c du l\u1ecbch.D\u00f2ng cu\u1ed1i trong nh\u1eadt k\u00fd c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 vi\u1ebft:", "Hilversum c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch km2, d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 n\u0103m 2010 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Hilversum c\u00f3 c\u1ef1 ly kho\u1ea3ng 30 km v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng nam Amsterdam v\u00e0 20 km v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc Utrecht.", "Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u, Roma \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh b\u1edfi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb vua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u ch\u1ecdn. C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a vua ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng; \u00f4ng ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eafm gi\u1eef quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111o\u00e1n, ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. \u00cdt nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, quy\u1ec1n uy c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, vua c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng th\u00eam quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a vua, c\u00f3 ba b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh: Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i tham v\u1ea5n ch\u00ednh cho vua; H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Curiata c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 m\u00e0 vua \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t; H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Calata l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n ch\u00fang nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00fang, l\u1eafng nghe th\u00f4ng c\u00e1o v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 h\u0103ng h\u00e1i v\u00e0 l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho ng\u00e0y h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a th\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfp theo.", "C\u1eafm tr\u1ea1i di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7m m\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn. C\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1eafm tr\u1ea1i m\u01b0u sinh (Survivalist campers) kh\u1edfi h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi \u00edt h\u00e0nh tranh ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00f4i gi\u00e0y c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi du h\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u1edfng ngo\u1ea1n b\u1eb1ng xe \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1eafm tr\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c trang b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n, l\u00f2 n\u1ea5u, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ti\u1ec7n nghi kh\u00e1c. C\u1eafm tr\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u1eafm tr\u1ea1i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 \u0111i b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i, b\u01a1i l\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 c\u00e2u c\u00e1. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng xa nh\u01b0 \u0111i b\u1ed9 mang trang b\u1ecb sau l\u01b0ng hay m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n \u0111i b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng xa t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trung t\u00e2m.", "Carlos Latuff (sinh ng\u00e0y 30 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1968) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecda s\u0129 tranh bi\u1ebfm x\u00e3 lu\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 t\u1ef1 do ng\u01b0\u1eddi Brasil. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u1ed9i dung n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 ch\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a, ch\u1ed1ng t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n, ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng can thi\u1ec7p qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng tranh bi\u1ebfm n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 xung \u0111\u1ed9t Israel-Palestin v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n M\u00f9a xu\u00e2n \u1ea2 R\u1eadp. Latuff t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c tranh v\u1ebd c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ecda ph\u1ea9m g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec1u tranh c\u00e3i.", "Carlos Latuff (sinh ng\u00e0y 30 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1968) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecda s\u0129 tranh bi\u1ebfm x\u00e3 lu\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 t\u1ef1 do ng\u01b0\u1eddi Brasil. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u1ed9i dung n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 ch\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a, ch\u1ed1ng t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n, ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng can thi\u1ec7p qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng tranh bi\u1ebfm n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 xung \u0111\u1ed9t Israel-Palestin v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n M\u00f9a xu\u00e2n \u1ea2 R\u1eadp. Latuff t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c tranh v\u1ebd c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ecda ph\u1ea9m g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec1u tranh c\u00e3i.", "Ti\u1ebfng g\u1eeb g\u1eeb l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i \u00e2m thanh nh\u1ecf, li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i trong h\u1ecd M\u00e8o. M\u00e8o nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u k\u00eau nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ngay t\u1eeb khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2 ng\u00e0y tu\u1ed5i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n khi m\u00e8o c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb qu\u1ea5y r\u1ea7y. Tuy v\u1eady, m\u00e8o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00eau g\u1ea7m g\u1eeb khi b\u1ecb \u1ed1m, \u0111au, ho\u1ea3ng s\u1ee3 hay khi \u0111\u1ebb con.", "Fahd bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (ti\u1ebfng \u1ea2 R\u1eadp: \u0641\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0622\u0644 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u200e Fahd ibn \u2018Abd al-\u2018Az\u012bz \u0100l Sa\u2018\u016bd; 1921 \u2013 1 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 2005) l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u1ea2 R\u1eadp X\u00ea \u00dat t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1982 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2005. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 con trai c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng khai qu\u1ed1c Ibn Saud, \u0111\u0103ng c\u01a1 sau khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh trai kh\u00e1c m\u1eb9 l\u00e0 Khalid m\u1ea5t. Fahd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m th\u00e1i t\u1eed khi Khalid k\u1ebf v\u1ecb v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1975, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf trong th\u1eddi gian Khalid tr\u1ecb v\u00ec do v\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb y\u1ebfu. Fahd b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9t qu\u1ef5 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1995, sau \u0111\u00f3 em trai kh\u00e1c m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Th\u00e1i t\u1eed Abdullah l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u00f4ng m\u1ea5t.", "Vane sinh t\u1ea1i Tardebigg, Worcestershire. Cha \u00f4ng, Maurice Vane, l\u00e0 con c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t di d\u00e2n Nga v\u00e0 m\u1eb9, Frances Vane, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c gia \u0111\u00ecnh n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u1edf Worcestershire. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 con \u00fat trong 3 anh ch\u1ecb em. \u00d4ng h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng King Edward's School \u1edf Edgbaston, Birmingham, sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecdc h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Birmingham t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1944. Vane \u0111\u1eadu b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 d\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Oxford n\u0103m 1953.", "T\u01b0\u1edbng Bayinnaung, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 anh r\u1ec3 Tabinshwehti, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh vua Taungoo. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e0i, vua Bayinnaung \u0111\u00e3 chinh ph\u1ea1t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 Manipur (1560) v\u00e0 Ayutthaya (1569), Mong Mao (c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Shan, \u1edf V\u00e2n Nam ng\u00e0y nay), Lan Na (b\u1eafc Th\u00e1i Lan), v\u00e0 Lan Xang (L\u00e0o). Myanma l\u00fac n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh qu\u1ed1c gia h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh b\u1eadc nh\u1ea5t \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, v\u1edbi bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi t\u1eadn L\u00e0o v\u00e0 Bangkok ng\u00e0y nay. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m Taungoo ki\u1ec7t qu\u1ec7 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean. Taungoo \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia m\u00e0 n\u00f3 x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm. N\u00ean sau khi Bayinnaung qua \u0111\u1eddi, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.", "Rick Savage (bass), Pete Willis (ghita) v\u00e0 Tony Kenning (tr\u1ed1ng) \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp n\u00ean ban nh\u1ea1c (v\u1edbi c\u00e1i t\u00ean g\u1ed1c l\u00e0 \"Atomic Mass\") \u1edf Sheffield n\u0103m 1977. Joe Elliott trong m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n g\u1eb7p Willis sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi ban nh\u1ea1c ch\u01a1i th\u1eed vai ghita. Nh\u01b0ng bu\u1ed5i t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 anh h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi vai ca s\u0129 ch\u00ednh h\u01a1n.", "L\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1n ra c\u1ee7a EP t\u0103ng l\u00ean nhanh ch\u00f3ng sau khi DJ tr\u1ee9 danh John Peel c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e0i ph\u00e1t thanh BBC nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t v\u1ec1 b\u00e0i h\u00e1t \"Getcha Rocks Off\" l\u00e0 b\u00e0i h\u00e1t hay nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i punk rock v\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c new wave. Tay t\u1ed1ng 15 tu\u1ed5i Rick Allen b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00e0nh to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 th\u1eddi gian cho nh\u00f3m v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1978.", "Su\u1ed1t n\u0103m 1979 nh\u00f3m chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 trung th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e2m m\u1ed9 hard rock/heavy metal t\u1ea1i Anh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a nh\u1ea1c New Wave of Heavy Metal t\u1ea1i Anh qu\u1ed1c. S\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi nh\u00e3n Phonogram/Vertigo thu\u1ed9c h\u00e3ng \u0111\u0129a Mercury t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3.", "Album \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Def Leppard t\u1ef1a l\u00e0 \"On through the night\" ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 03 n\u0103m 1980. D\u00f9 l\u1ecdt v\u00e0o Top 15 t\u1ea1i Anh nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e2m m\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 nh\u00f3m do c\u00e1i c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng hay c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m c\u1ee9 g\u1eafng s\u1ee9c l\u00f4i k\u00e9o th\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 M\u1ef9. B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u00e1t trong album l\u1ea5y t\u00ean \"Hello America\", c\u00f2n nh\u00f3m th\u00ec \u0111i l\u01b0u di\u1ec5n t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n t\u1ea1i Anh. Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i Reading trong th\u00e1ng t\u00e1m khi kh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3 n\u00e9m r\u00e1c v\u00e0o ban nh\u1ea1c trong l\u00fac h\u1ecd \u0111ang di\u1ec5n.", "Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean theo Sir Thomas Brisbane l\u00e0 Th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1c New South Wales t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1821\u20131825. Theo l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ban \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb khu thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n kh\u1ed5 sai v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1824 t\u1ea1i Redcliffe, c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 28 km v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc. Sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn trung t\u00e2m Brisbane ng\u00e0y nay v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1825, nh\u1eefng di d\u00e2n t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1842. N\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ee7 ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a bang khi Queensland \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1859. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y ch\u1eadm ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cho \u0111\u1ebfn sau chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t trong chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ed3ng Minh v\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng h\u00e0nh dinh T\u00e2y Nam Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a T\u01b0\u1edbng Douglas MacArthur.", "Axit axetic \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb gi\u1ea5m khi cho bia v\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1ee3u vang ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t axit axetic t\u1eeb vi khu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay.", "Axetaldehyt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf t\u1eeb etylen theo ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng Wacker, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 oxy h\u00f3a nh\u01b0 n\u00ean b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi. Trong th\u1eddi gian g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i etylen th\u00e0nh axit axetic qua theo m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc, chi ph\u00ed r\u1ebb h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ty Showa Denko th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a, c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y oxy h\u00f3a etylen \u1edf \u014cita, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1997. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i palladi v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a axit heteropoly nh\u01b0 axit tungstosilicic. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p carbonyl h\u00f3a metanol \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n (100\u2013250 ng\u00e0n t\u1ea5n/n\u0103m), t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a etylen.", "\u1ede d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ea5m, c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch axit axetic (n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a axit 4% \u0111\u1ebfn 18%) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0m gia v\u1ecb, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ed9n rau v\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c. Gi\u1ea5m \u0103n (table vinegar) th\u00ec lo\u00e3ng h\u01a1n (4% \u0111\u1ebfn 8%), trong khi lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ea5m tr\u1ed9n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i th\u00ec n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng axit axetic d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea5m kh\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfm t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 l\u1edbn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u.", "H\u1ed3 m\u00e1u t\u1eed thi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u sau 20 ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ebfn ba gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 t\u00ednh t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1i trong mao m\u1ea1ch trong b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3. S\u1eafc t\u00edm tr\u00ean da \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i trong kho\u1ea3ng s\u00e1u \u0111\u1ebfn 12 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3. M\u00e0u da \u0111\u1ecf \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat hemoglobin trong m\u00e1u. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u da kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c, b\u1edfi t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3 mao m\u1ea1ch b\u1ecb n\u00e9n. Khi x\u00e1c ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y, m\u00e1u th\u1ea5m qua th\u00e0nh m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u v\u00e0 g\u00e2y bi\u1ebfn m\u00e0u c\u00e1c m\u00f4. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n m\u00e0u s\u1eabm tr\u00ean da \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.", "V\u0103n h\u00f3a Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. C\u00e1c v\u00f9ng m\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn \u1edf mi\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c phong t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh. V\u0103n h\u00f3a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 lan truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, qu\u1ed1c gia l\u00e2n c\u1eadn nh\u01b0 Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean (b\u00e2y gi\u1edd g\u1ed3m B\u1eafc Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean v\u00e0 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c), Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam (b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 B\u1eafc thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay).", "C\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp kh\u00e1c nhau trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1c nhau theo nh\u1eefng xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ee5c trang kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u1ee5c trang Trung Qu\u1ed1c tr\u1ea3i h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m n\u0103m v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y m\u00e0u s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t. Trong tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 Thanh, tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i huy ho\u00e0ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 trang ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t v\u00e0 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 Thanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 H\u00e1n ph\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c trang ph\u1ee5c Trung Hoa truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u00e0 H\u00e1n. Nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch trang tr\u00ed c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kinh t\u1ebf.", "Bi\u1ec3n Laptev (ti\u1ebfng Nga: \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u041b\u0430\u043f\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3n ven b\u1edd c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc B\u0103ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. N\u00f3 n\u1eb1m trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao quanh b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f4ng Siberi, b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o Taimyr, qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Severnaya Zemlya (\u0110\u1ea5t M\u1edbi) v\u00e0 Novosibirskiye ostrova (Siberi M\u1edbi). Ranh gi\u1edbi ph\u00eda b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111i qua m\u0169i Arkticheskiy (m\u0169i B\u1eafc c\u1ef1c, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba danh tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o Komsomolets c\u1ee7a Severnaya Zemlya) t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 t\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed9 79\u00b0 v\u0129 b\u1eafc v\u00e0 139\u00b0 kinh \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i m\u0169i Anisiy. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec3n c\u1eadn k\u1ec1 l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n Kara \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y, bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng Siberi \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng. Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec3n n\u00e0y \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh kho\u1ea3ng 672.000 km\u00b2.", "Bi\u1ec3n Laptev \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean theo c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nga l\u00e0 D. Ya. Laptev v\u00e0 Kh. P Laptev. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 bi\u1ec3n Laptev \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n Nordenskjold (ti\u1ebfng Nga chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1: more Nordenshel'd), l\u1ea5y theo t\u00ean nh\u00e0 th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m Adolf Erik Nordenski\u00f6ld.", "Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i Paralympic kh\u1edfi ngu\u1ed3n m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p nh\u1ecf nh\u1eefng c\u1ef1u chi\u1ebfn binh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh trong chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 II v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1948 v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n th\u1ec3 thao qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XXI. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i Paralympic \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1i Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i Olympic, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 kho\u1ea3n t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean Olympic v\u00e0 Paralympic. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u00f4n th\u1ec3 thao nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea1y, nh\u1ea3y v\u00e0 n\u00e9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean Paralympic c\u1ea1nh tranh b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean Paralympic t\u1eebng tham d\u1ef1 Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i Olympic.Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i Paralympic d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c song song v\u1edbi Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i Olympic. H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Olympic Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IOC) c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i Olympic \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t (Special Olympics World Games) d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i Deaflympic d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean khi\u1ebfm th\u00ednh.L\u00fd gi\u1ea3i ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi \"Paralympic\" l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac (phi\u00ean \u00e2m Latin: par\u00e1, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh, k\u1ec1 b\u00ean) v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c thi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c song song v\u1edbi Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i Olympic. L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \"Paralympic\" \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i Paralympic M\u00f9a h\u00e8 1988 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u1edf Seoul.", "C\u00e1c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 thi \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edf Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i Olympic tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i Paralympic ra \u0111\u1eddi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 George Eyser, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2n gi\u1ea3 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 tham gia v\u00e0o Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i m\u00f9a h\u00e8 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 n\u0103m 1904. Karoly Takacs ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hungary thi \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edf b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n b\u1eafn s\u00fang trong c\u1ea3 hai k\u00ec Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i Olympic M\u00f9a h\u00e8 1948 v\u00e0 1952. Karoly b\u1ecb khuy\u1ebft c\u00e1nh tay ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1eafn b\u1eb1ng tay tr\u00e1i. M\u1ed9t v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt kh\u00e1c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i Olympic tr\u01b0\u1edbc Paralympic l\u00e0 Liz Hartel, m\u1ed9t v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean \u0111ua ng\u1ef1a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110an M\u1ea1ch. Liz \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1943 v\u00e0 gi\u00e0nh huy ch\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ea1c \u1edf b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n ng\u1ef1a (dressage).Cu\u1ed9c thi th\u1ec3 thao \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u00e0nh cho v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i Olympic l\u00e0 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y khai m\u1ea1c Olympic M\u00f9a h\u00e8 1948 t\u1ea1i Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n. Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Ludwig Guttmann gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Stoke Mandeville \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c thi th\u1ec3 thao cho c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 c\u1ef1u chi\u1ebfn binh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee7y s\u1ed1ng. Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c thi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Cu\u1ed9c thi Xe l\u0103n Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf 1948 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f9ng l\u00fac v\u1edbi Olympic 1948  M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Guttmann l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c thi th\u1ec3 thao \u01b0u t\u00fa cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u00e1nh ngang v\u1edbi Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i Olympic  Cu\u1ed9c thi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo t\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1952, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u1ef1u chi\u1ebfn binh H\u00e0 Lan \u0111\u00e3 tham gia c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c thi \u0111\u1ea5u nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o mang t\u00ednh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean di\u1ec5n ra. Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c thi b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb s\u1edbm n\u00e0y, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Cu\u1ed9c thi Stoke Mandeville, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i Paralympic.", "H\u1ecd Sciuridae n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt nh\u1ecf, dao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0 s\u00f3c l\u00f9n ch\u00e2u Phi ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0i 7\u201310 cm v\u00e0 c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng 10 gam, t\u1edbi macmot Alps d\u00e0i 53\u201373 cm v\u00e0 c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng 5\u20138 kg. H\u1ecd Sciuridae n\u00f3i chung c\u00f3 th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh m\u1ea3nh d\u1ebb v\u1edbi \u0111u\u00f4i r\u1eadm r\u1ea1p v\u00e0 m\u1eaft to. B\u1ed9 l\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang n\u00f3i chung m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1ee3t, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u1edf m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i lo\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 d\u00e0y h\u01a1n. M\u00e0u l\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i d\u1ea1ng s\u00f3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 ngay trong ph\u1ea1m vi lo\u00e0i.", "C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i s\u00f3c c\u00f2n sinh t\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia ra th\u00e0nh 5 ph\u00e2n h\u1ecd, v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 50 chi v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n 280 lo\u00e0i. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch s\u00f3c c\u1ed5 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, Douglassciurus, c\u00f3 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 t\u1ea7ng Priabona (H\u1eadu Eocen, v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 37,5 - 35 Ma), nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 s\u00f3c c\u00e2y g\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, cho d\u00f9 v\u1edbi h\u1ed9p s\u1ecd nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y, v\u00e0 tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong ph\u00e2n h\u1ecd Sciurinae. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i s\u00f3c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb th\u1eddi gian s\u1edbm h\u01a1n th\u1ebf.Ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf Eocen cho t\u1edbi th\u1ebf Miocen, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng s\u00f3c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 nh\u00e1nh c\u00f2n sinh t\u1ed3n n\u00e0o v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn cao. \u00cdt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 h\u1eadu du\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ed5 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd Sciuridae \u2013 nh\u00f3m \"s\u00f3c nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y\" m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi ch\u00fang do ch\u00fang thi\u1ebfu to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a s\u00f3c c\u00f2n sinh t\u1ed3n -, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n h\u1ecd ng\u00e0y nay. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf g\u1ee3i \u00fd r\u1eb1ng s\u00f3c nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb B\u1eafc M\u1ef9.B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 n\u00e0y, ph\u00e1t sinh lo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a s\u00f3c c\u00f2n sinh t\u1ed3n l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u. C\u00f3 ba d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i ch\u00ednh, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0:", "Trong t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u1ed1n (CAPM) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ef7 su\u1ea5t sinh l\u1ee3i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n khi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a t\u1ed1t, v\u1edbi r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho tr\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u1edbi r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a (c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hay r\u1ee7i ro th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng) m\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n b\u1edfi h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 beta (\u03b2) trong ng\u00e0nh t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1edbi l\u1ee3i t\u1ee9c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i t\u1ee9c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft phi r\u1ee7i ro.", "Gi\u1edd \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c tu\u00e2n theo th\u1eddi gian b\u00f9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 UTC+08: 00 (t\u00e1m gi\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc Gi\u1edd ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf), m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Trung Qu\u1ed1c tr\u1ea3i qua n\u0103m m\u00fai gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd. Th\u1eddi gian ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1eafc Kinh Th\u1eddi gian (ti\u1ebfng Trung: \u5317\u4eac\u65f6\u95f4) trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 Gi\u1edd chu\u1ea9n Trung Qu\u1ed1c (CST) qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.  Th\u1eddi gian ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ban ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1991.", "Ng\u00e0y 12 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2000, cu\u1ed9c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ea1i Busan, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i Th\u1ec3 thao ch\u00e2u \u00c1 2002. 41 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Olympic ch\u00e2u \u00c1 (OCA) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea7u v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu di\u1ec5n ra trong ba v\u00f2ng, m\u1ed7i v\u00f2ng lo\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean. Sau v\u00f2ng 1, New Delhi b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i khi ch\u1ec9 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2 phi\u1ebfu. V\u00f2ng 2 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu di\u1ec5n ra gi\u1eefa ba th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd.", "Ng\u00e0y 12 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2000, cu\u1ed9c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ea1i Busan, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i Th\u1ec3 thao ch\u00e2u \u00c1 2002. 41 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Olympic ch\u00e2u \u00c1 (OCA) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea7u v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu di\u1ec5n ra trong ba v\u00f2ng, m\u1ed7i v\u00f2ng lo\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean. Sau v\u00f2ng 1, New Delhi b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i khi ch\u1ec9 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2 phi\u1ebfu. V\u00f2ng 2 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu di\u1ec5n ra gi\u1eefa ba th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd.", "T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 45 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Olympic ch\u00e2u \u00c1 \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1eedi v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean tham d\u1ef1 k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y. Con s\u1ed1 trong ngo\u1eb7c l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean tham d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i do c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n cung c\u1ea5p.", "B\u00e0i n\u00e0y vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 mang nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt nhai l\u1ea1i thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd H\u01b0\u01a1u nai, c\u00e1c ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1c xem b\u00e0i Mang (\u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng).Mang, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ho\u1eb5ng, k\u1ec9, m\u1ec3n hay m\u1ec5n, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng h\u01b0\u01a1u, nai thu\u1ed9c chi Muntiacus. Mang c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i h\u01b0\u01a1u c\u1ed5 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 15-35 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0103n c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean di t\u00edch h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf Miocen t\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c.", "L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi, m\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chu k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ee5c theo m\u00f9a th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft n\u00ean khi chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u00f4n \u0111\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho giao ph\u1ed1i \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0o trong n\u0103m. Mang \u0111\u1ef1c c\u00f3 c\u00e1c g\u1ea1c ng\u1eafn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1eafn x\u00e9 nhau b\u1eb1ng r\u0103ng (c\u00f3 r\u0103ng nanh d\u00e0i ch\u0129a xu\u1ed1ng) \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ecba.", "L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi, m\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chu k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ee5c theo m\u00f9a th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft n\u00ean khi chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u00f4n \u0111\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho giao ph\u1ed1i \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0o trong n\u0103m. Mang \u0111\u1ef1c c\u00f3 c\u00e1c g\u1ea1c ng\u1eafn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1eafn x\u00e9 nhau b\u1eb1ng r\u0103ng (c\u00f3 r\u0103ng nanh d\u00e0i ch\u0129a xu\u1ed1ng) \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ecba.", "Mang l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd trong c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a do c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 l\u1edbn trong b\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eafc th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i m\u1edbi trong th\u1eddi gian g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y.", "Nh\u1eefng c\u01b0 d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean sinh s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i ti\u1ec3u bang New York ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 t\u1ed9c th\u1ed5 d\u00e2n da \u0111\u1ecf nh\u01b0 Algonquian, Iroquois v\u00e0 Lanape, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 H\u00e0 Lan kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVII. N\u0103m 1609, Henry Hudson l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 C\u00f4ng s\u1ef1 Cam (Fort Orange) c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e0 Lan. Tuy nhi\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4n t\u00ednh v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1664. Khi cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a 13 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba Anh \u1edf B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 n\u1ed5 ra, ti\u1ec3u bang New York tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1c li\u1ec7t. Ti\u1ec3u bang ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1788 v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ti\u1ec3u bang th\u1ee9 11 n\u1eb1m trong H\u1ee3p ch\u00fang qu\u1ed1c Hoa K\u1ef3 trong c\u00f9ng n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3. Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec3u bang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh n\u0103m 1777. New York l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong m\u01b0\u1eddi ba ti\u1ec3u bang ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3.", "Tupolev TB-3 (Ti\u1ebfng Nga: \u0422\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u0411\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0449\u0438\u043a, Tyazholy Bombardirovschik, M\u00e1y bay n\u00e9m bom h\u1ea1ng n\u1eb7ng, t\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh danh d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 ANT-6) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y bay n\u00e9m bom h\u1ea1ng n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n X\u00f4 vi\u1ebft tri\u1ec3n khai trong th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1930 v\u00e0 trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y bay n\u00e9m bom c\u00e1nh \u0111\u01a1n b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. D\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi v\u00e0 b\u1ecb ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103m 1939, TB-3 v\u1eabn th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u00e9m bom v\u00e0 v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn hai. TB-3 c\u0169ng tham chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y bay m\u1eb9 cho D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Zveno v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y bay ch\u1edf xe t\u0103ng h\u1ea1ng nh\u1eb9.", "TB-3 l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y bay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p. Khung g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c x\u00e0 h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef V v\u1edbi l\u1edbp v\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t (non-stressed) d\u00e0y t\u1eeb 0.3 t\u1edbi 0.8mm (1/64 to 1/32 in). L\u1edbp v\u1ecf nh\u0103n c\u00f3 r\u00e3nh s\u00e2u 13 mm (0.5 in) v\u00e0 50 mm (2 in) m\u1ed7i b\u00ean. Cantilever wing \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee1 b\u1edfi b\u1ed1n x\u00e0 d\u1ecdc h\u00ecnh \u1ed1ng. N\u0103m 1934, nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim th\u00e9p kho\u1ebb h\u01a1n, s\u1ea3i c\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 39.5 l\u00ean 41.85 m\u00e9t (127 ft 7 in l\u00ean 137 ft 4 in) khi\u1ebfn di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u00e1nh t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 230 l\u00ean 234.5 m\u00b2 (2.475 l\u00ean 2.524 ft\u00b2). C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng gi\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebf m\u1ec1m \u0111i tr\u00ean b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y bay n\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 g\u00e2y h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c r\u00eca ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o ra t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh thang l\u00ean b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2y d\u1eabn v\u1edbi c\u00e1nh \u0111u\u00f4i d\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00f9 nh\u1ecf trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u1edf m\u1ed9t b\u00ean. C\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1p c\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb phanh. B\u00ecnh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1n hay ch\u1ed1ng r\u00f2 r\u1ec9. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 M-17 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, tr\u00ean l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, gi\u00fap m\u00e1y bay \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1ea7m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 3250 km (1.760 nm, 2.020 mi) m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n bugi \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda hay t\u1eafc ch\u1ebf ho\u00e0 kh\u00ed. V\u0169 kh\u00ed ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1 g\u1ed3m s\u00fang m\u00e1y h\u1ea1ng nh\u1eb9 \u1edf n\u0103m th\u00e1p ph\u00e1o - m\u1ed9t \u1edf m\u0169i, hai \u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh gi\u1eefa th\u00e2n, m\u1ed9t \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed7i c\u00e1nh. C\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 sau n\u00e0y b\u1ecf b\u1edbt m\u1ed9t th\u00e1p ph\u00e1o gi\u1eefa th\u00e2n.", "\u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 ba tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, sau Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c; tuy nhi\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tin c\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n mi\u1ec1n b\u1eafc t\u1eebng s\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2001. M\u1ed9t \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh cho r\u1eb1ng 27% n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t ra b\u1ecb ti\u00eau hao trong truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb tr\u1ed9m, trong khi ngu\u1ed3n cung thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t so v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 9%. Qu\u1ed1c gia th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn 10 gi\u1edd. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, kho\u1ea3ng 25% c\u01b0 d\u00e2n, t\u1ee9c kho\u1ea3ng 300 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng. C\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t trong truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n n\u1eefa.Trong m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u0103m 2012, n\u00f3ng b\u1ee9c c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed9 khi\u1ebfn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c t\u1ea1i New Delhi. Do gi\u00f3 m\u00f9a \u0111\u1ebfn mu\u1ed9n, c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i Punjab v\u00e0 Haryana gia t\u0103ng l\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y c\u00e1c m\u00e1y b\u01a1m t\u01b0\u1edbi ru\u1ed9ng. Gi\u00f3 m\u00f9a \u0111\u1ebfn mu\u1ed9n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00edt \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ec7.", "V\u00e0o l\u00fac 02:35 IST (21:05 UTC ng\u00e0y 29 th\u00e1ng 7), c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y 400 kV Bina-Gwalior nh\u1ea3y. Do tuy\u1ebfn n\u00e0y c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n cho \u0111o\u1ea1n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i Agra-Bareilly, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u0169ng nh\u1ea3y, v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1ed1i t\u1ea7ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c bang ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng, g\u00e2y thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh 32 GW. C\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u1ee5 m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp ni\u00ean\".M\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y sau khi s\u1eadp, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng Sushilkumar Shinde ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a r\u00f5, song v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng l\u00e0 \"tr\u00ean m\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng\". \u00d4ng suy \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bang \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c k\u00e9o th\u00eam \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p do ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 cao h\u01a1n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t ng\u00f4n c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty M\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 (PGCIL) v\u00e0 Trung t\u00e2m Truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i khu v\u1ef1c mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc (NRLDC) n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Uttar Pradesh, Punjab v\u00e0 Haryana l\u00e0 c\u00e1c bang ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho vi\u1ec7c k\u00e9o \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a PGCIL c\u0169ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c \"trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c\".Tr\u00ean 300 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 25% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. C\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1ea3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda cho \u0111\u1ebfn 08:00. C\u1ea3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ed9n nh\u1ecbp nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i Nam \u00c1 l\u00e0 Delhi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh do chuy\u1ec3n sang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef trong v\u00f2ng 15 gi\u00e2y. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n g\u00e2y \"l\u1ed9n x\u1ed9n\" v\u00e0o gi\u1edd cao \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 hai, khi c\u00e1c t\u00e0u h\u1ecfa ch\u1edf kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e8n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u giao th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00e0u ng\u1eebng ch\u1ea1y trong ba \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m ti\u1ebfng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00e1c gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n trong d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 y t\u1ebf, trong khi nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda trong v\u00e0i ti\u1ebfng, v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb c\u00e1c gi\u1ebfng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u01a1m \u0111i\u1ec7n.V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p C\u00f4ng-Th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 (ASSOCHAM) ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n \"g\u00e2y t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng\" cho c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p, khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 s\u1edf kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y l\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i Panipat, Mathura v\u00e0 Bathinda ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f3 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n ri\u00eang v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n.M\u1ea5t 15 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c 80% d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.", "V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1 Sushilkumar Shinde l\u1ec7nh cho m\u1ed9t ban h\u1ed9i th\u1ea9m g\u1ed3m ba th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u tra nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o trong v\u00f2ng 15 ng\u00e0y. Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch, \u00f4ng nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t r\u1eb1ng \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i n\u01a1i duy nh\u1ea5t t\u1eebng tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, n\u00f5 c\u0169ng t\u1eebng x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 Brasil; trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc.The Washington Post m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 Manmohan Singh tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 400 t\u1ef7 USD nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1i tu m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng k\u00eau g\u1ecdi ph\u00e1t th\u00eam 76 GW v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2017, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 t\u1eeb n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.", "Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec5m M. marinum k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t b\u1ec3 c\u00e1 ('u h\u1ea1t c\u00e1 b\u1ec3')  \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1962 b\u1edfi Swift v\u00e0 Cohen.  M. marinum nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng v\u1eadt nu\u00f4i, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3 c\u00e1 \u1edf nh\u00e0.  M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb v\u00e2y c\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c v\u1ebft c\u1eafn,  ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn b\u1ecb m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c b\u1ec3 c\u00e1 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch ho\u1eb7c thay n\u01b0\u1edbc.  Nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 t\u1eafm c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec3 c\u00e1.   Do t\u0103ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.", "Chi nh\u00e1nh th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a gia t\u1ed9c t\u1ea1i Paris \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp b\u1edfi Nathaniel de Rothschild (1812-1870). Sinh ra v\u00e0 l\u1edbn l\u00ean t\u1ea1i Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n, Nathaniel de Rothschild l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp chi nh\u00e1nh t\u1ea1i Anh l\u00e0 Nathan mayer Rothschild (1777-1836). N\u0103m 1850, Nathaniel Rothschild chuy\u1ec3n t\u1edbi Paris d\u01b0\u1edbi danh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa James Mayer Rothschild. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u0103m 1853 Nathaniel \u0111\u00e3 mua Ch\u00e2teau Brane Mouton, m\u1ed9t v\u01b0\u1eddn tr\u1ed3ng nho t\u1ea1i Pauillac t\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t Gironde. Sau \u0111\u00f3, Nathaniel \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh Ch\u00e2teau Mouton Rothschild v\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e3n hi\u1ec7u n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. N\u0103m 1868, ch\u00fa c\u1ee7a Nathaniel l\u00e0 James Mayer de Rothschild ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng v\u01b0\u1eddn nho thu\u1ed9c khu v\u1ef1c l\u00e2n c\u1eadn v\u01b0\u1eddn nho Chateau Lafite.", "M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch cho m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 r\u00fat ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quan s\u00e1t. C\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp (ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn) v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa hai bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m \u1edf c\u00e1ch nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. M\u1ed7i bi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5y k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eabu nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, thao t\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 th\u00eam v\u00e0o k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eabu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p \u0111o. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quan s\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn thao t\u00e1c th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho c\u00e1c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra. Trong khi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c - nh\u01b0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quan s\u00e1t \u2013 m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 bi\u1ebfn thay th\u1ebf, nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng tin, trong r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c) cung c\u1ea5p k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.", "T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.C\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u00e0nh vi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a Hawthorne, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y Hawthorne c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty Western Electric. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u t\u0103ng vi\u1ec7c chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng c\u00f3 t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n l\u1eafp r\u00e1p. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, sau \u0111\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ef1 chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng trong m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra xem c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t hay kh\u00f4ng. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n (d\u1ef1a theo c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m). Tuy nhi\u00ean, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 ra c\u00e1c sai s\u00f3t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin m\u1edd nh\u1ea1t. C\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Hawthorne \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 (trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng) thay \u0111\u1ed5i do s\u1ef1 quan s\u00e1t. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Hawthorne l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, m\u00e0 v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t.", "M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quan s\u00e1t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 v\u00e0 ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp c\u00e1c quan s\u00e1t v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c tham gia nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u thu th\u1eadp c\u00e1c quan s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ee9ng, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00ecm s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i trong m\u1ed7i nh\u00f3m \u0111i\u1ec1u tra.", "C\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd cho nh\u1eefng r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng hai bi\u1ebfn (thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh) c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7. V\u00ed v\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 thu nh\u1eadp h\u00e0ng n\u0103m m\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u. Hai bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7, tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 ba, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec5u ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ebfn b\u00e1c b\u1ecf. V\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c suy ra s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t quan h\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 gi\u1eefa hai bi\u1ebfn. (xem t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3).", "C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, bao g\u1ed3m: ng\u00e0nh sinh h\u1ecdc, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n sinh h\u1ecdc, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tra th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n. Nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m:", "Attalos \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng quan tr\u1ecdng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Galatia, m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Celt m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Thracia, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i qua h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf h\u1ec7  c\u01b0\u1edbp b\u00f3c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u1ed1ng n\u1ea1p su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 khu v\u1ef1c Ti\u1ec3u \u00c1 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n n\u00e0o. Chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vinh danh b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0i chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng t\u1ea1i Pergamon (n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Gallia h\u1ea5p h\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3) v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng kh\u1ecfi m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda \"Gallia\" m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n, mang \u0111\u1ebfn cho Attalus ngo\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u \"Soter\" v\u00e0 t\u00ean x\u01b0ng \"vua\". M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng minh can \u0111\u1ea3m v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e0i n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi trung th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a La M\u00e3, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Macedonia \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 hai, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i Philippos V c\u1ee7a Macedonia. \u00d4ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n, qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Macedonia trong  khu v\u1ef1c bi\u1ec3n Aegea, \u0111o\u1ea1t nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng vinh quang, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i ph\u1ea9m, v\u00e0 t\u0103ng th\u00eam s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Pergamon \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Hy L\u1ea1p \u1edf Aegina trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, v\u00e0 Andros trong l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai, hai l\u1ea7n tr\u1ed1n tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 truy b\u1eaft d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00e0n tay c\u1ee7a Philippos.", "Attalos l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Hy L\u1ea1p \u1edf Anatolia v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 coi m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hy L\u1ea1p ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ee3.  Trong th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ecb v\u00ec, \u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn Pergamon tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng Hy L\u1ea1p. \u00d4ng m\u1ea5t n\u0103m 197 TCN, ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u1ebft th\u00fac cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ee9 hai, \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 72. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebf v\u1ecb b\u1edfi con trai \u00f4ng, vua Eumenes II.", "Bradysaurus l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n h\u1ecd Bradysaurinae. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i pareiasaur \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean t\u1ed1t m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng, ngay c\u1ea3 r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, nh\u1eefng con v\u1eadt k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed sau n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c cao c\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0 Scutosaurus, kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. L\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i k\u1ebb th\u00f9 v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.", "B. seeleyi (Haughton v\u00e0 Boonstra, 1929) t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng Tapinocephalus, Lower Beaufort Beds, Karoo basin, South Africa. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng \u00edt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n. Boonstra, 1969, oi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Bradysaurus v\u00e0 Lee, 1997, coi lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ch\u1ecb em v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 chim ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn h\u01a1n. B. seelyi d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi Nochelesaurus v\u00e0 Embrithosaurus. Tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi Baini c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, x\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u00f2 m\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 to l\u1edbn. C\u00f3 19 ho\u1eb7c 20 c\u1eb7p r\u0103ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o m\u1ea1nh tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i h\u00e0m.", "Chris Metzen l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c truy\u1ec7n tranh \u1edf tu\u1ed5i m\u01b0\u1eddi hai, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng t\u1ecf ra c\u00f3 s\u1edf th\u00edch v\u1ebd v\u1eddi \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1eeb khi l\u00ean s\u00e1u. \u00d4ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng v\u1eabn gi\u1eef th\u00f3i quen chi ti\u00eau \"trung b\u00ecnh ba m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m \u0111\u00f4 la h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n\" cho m\u1ea5y cu\u1ed1n truy\u1ec7n tranh. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t fan h\u00e2m m\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Dungeons & Dragons, Metzen th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00edch d\u1eabn lo\u1ea1t truy\u1ec7n Dragonlance v\u00e0 Star Wars nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh cho c\u00e1c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o k\u1ef3 \u1ea3o v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, v\u00e0 t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u1ecda s\u0129 truy\u1ec7n tranh v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc k\u1ef3 \u1ea3o nh\u01b0 Walt Simonson v\u00e0 Keith Parkinson l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.\u00d4ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a phong c\u00e1ch ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \"ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u b\u1edfi n\u00e9t b\u00fat ch\u00ec c\u1ee7a Walt Simonson v\u00e0 Jim Lee v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng\" trong khi \u01b0a th\u00edch \"ph\u1ee5c trang, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c chung c\u1ee7a Larry Elmore v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c tranh \u0111\u1eadm ch\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Keith Parkinson\". Ngo\u00e0i ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt ra, s\u1edf th\u00edch c\u1ee7a Metzen c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1ea1c pop v\u00e0 rock, cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00eam v\u00e0 th\u00fa ch\u01a1i dirt bike. Ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2013, Metzen \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft h\u00f4n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n g\u00e1i l\u00e2u n\u0103m Kat Hunter, \u0111ang l\u00e0m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1i Blizzard Entertainment.", "Sinh t\u1ea1i qu\u1eadn Colombia, Washington, Grover Furr t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc McGill University \u1edf Montreal, Quebec, Cananda v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc v\u1ecb c\u1eed nh\u00e2n chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh ti\u1ebfng Anh. Sau \u00f4ng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc v\u1ecb ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 thi ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc (comparative literature) t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Princeton n\u0103m 1978. T\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1970, \u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Bang Montclair \u1edf New Jersey, Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c v\u1ecb gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh ti\u1ebfng Anh trung c\u1ed5.", "C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nano th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 100 nanomet. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nano DNA l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ph\u00e2n t\u1eed t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean (bottom-up), trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nguy\u00ean t\u1eed t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t; d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y do c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ecdn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nano DNA, c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i axit nucleic nh\u01b0 DNA; c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngo\u00e0i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o s\u1ed1ng. DNA r\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nano b\u1edfi v\u00ec li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa hai d\u1ea3i axit nucleic ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c quy lu\u1eadt gh\u00e9p c\u1eb7p baz\u01a1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5, v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nano x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac xo\u1eafn k\u00e9p. Nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn cho vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac axit nucleic d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t th\u00f4ng qua thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf chu\u1ed7i. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t trong c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nano, bao g\u1ed3m protein, v\u1ed1n r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nano, v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p.C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u1eed axit nucleic bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i c\u00e1c nucleotide ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t b\u1edfi nucleobaz\u01a1 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng. Trong DNA, 4 baz\u01a1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n l\u00e0 adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), v\u00e0 thymine (T). Axit nucleic c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 hai ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ch\u1ec9 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i xo\u1eafn k\u00e9p n\u1ebfu hai chu\u1ed7i l\u00e0 b\u1ed5 sung cho nhau, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p theo c\u1eb7p baz\u01a1, theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc A ch\u1ec9 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi T, v\u00e0 C ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi G. B\u1edfi v\u00ec s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p baz\u01a1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng (n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 gi\u1ea3m), trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i axit nucleic s\u1ebd li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau theo c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a s\u1ed1 baz\u01a1 gh\u00e9p c\u1eb7p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. Tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 baz\u01a1 trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i do \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nano DNA, tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 baz\u01a1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u sao cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gh\u00e9p c\u1eb7p baz\u01a1 khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh th\u1ec3 mong mu\u1ed1n. Trong khi DNA l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng, c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c axit nucleic kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 RNA v\u00e0 axit peptit nucleic (APN) c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o.", "Tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 chu\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i DNA t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0m m\u1eabu ph\u00e2n t\u1eed v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u1eabu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p oligonucleotide th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p oligonucleotide, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i v\u1edbi tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 t\u00f9y bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i.  C\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n di gel n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, v\u00e0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c qua m\u1ed9t trong v\u00e0i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh axit nucleic s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 k\u1ebf h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 t\u1eed ngo\u1ea1i.C\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u00edch sau khi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n di gel t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p axit nucleic. M\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9 linh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n di c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i mong mu\u1ed1n. \u0110\u00f4i khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u hu\u1ef3nh quang v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng F\u00f6rster(FRET)\u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p.K\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi l\u1ef1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac axit nuleic, r\u1ea5t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac hai chi\u1ec1u, nh\u01b0ng \u00edt h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ba chi\u1ec1u r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c b\u1edfi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa m\u0169i d\u00f2 c\u1ee7a k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac axit nucleic v\u1ed1n d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y; trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed truy\u1ec1n qua v\u00e0 k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed cryo. C\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng 3 chi\u1ec1u m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1eb1ng tinh th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc tia X.", "Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 Cassini mang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn Enceladus tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00edch ng\u1eafm cho nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. N\u0103m 2007, NASA \u0111\u01b0a ra \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 quay quanh Enceladus v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n xem x\u00e9t k\u0129 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u01a1n c\u1ed9t b\u1ee5i b\u1ed1c l\u00ean t\u1eeb c\u1ef1c nam c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Tuy nhi\u00ean \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ti\u1ebfp. C\u01a1 quan h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e2u \u00c2u ESA g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t t\u00e0u th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Enceladus v\u00e0 Titan.D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 h\u1ec7 Sao Th\u1ed5-Titan (Titan Saturn System Mission) TSSM l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa 2 trung t\u00e2m NASA v\u00e0 ESA nh\u1eb1m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c v\u1ec7 tinh c\u1ee7a Sao Th\u1ed5, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 Enceladus. D\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 h\u1ec7 Sao M\u1ed9c-Europa (Europa Jupiter System Mission) EJSM \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea1nh tranh nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc do v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. Th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2009, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n EJSM \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u01b0u ti\u00ean cao h\u01a1n, tuy nhi\u00ean d\u1ef1 \u00e1n TSSM v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00eam.", "Enceladus c\u00e1ch t\u00e2m v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t Sao Th\u1ed5 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 238.000 km v\u00e0 180.000 km (b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00ednh t\u1eeb t\u1ea7ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Sao Th\u1ed5). Qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 n\u1eb1m \u1edf gi\u1eefa qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Mimas v\u00e0 Tethys. N\u00f3 quay m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng h\u1ebft 32,9 ti\u1ebfng, \u0111\u1ee7 nhanh \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan s\u00e1t t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 trong 1 \u0111\u00eam. Enceladus v\u00e0 Dione t\u1ea1o v\u1edbi nhau c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 2:1 (Enceladus quay h\u1ebft 2 v\u00f2ng trong khi Dione quay h\u1ebft 1 v\u00f2ng quanh Sao Th\u1ed5). Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng khi\u1ebfn cho qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Enceladus duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eb9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i (t\u00e2m sai 0,0047) t\u1ea1o ngu\u1ed3n n\u1ed9i nhi\u1ec7t cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c v\u1ec7 tinh l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a Sao Th\u1ed5, Enceladus lu\u00f4n ch\u1ec9 quay m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Sao Th\u1ed5. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 M\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng, Enceladus kh\u00f4ng dao \u0111\u1ed9ng xung quanh tr\u1ee5c quay (\u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng dao \u0111\u1ed9ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n 1,5\u00b0). M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eady, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Enceladus v\u1eabn cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m, Enceladus c\u00f3 c\u00e1c dao \u0111\u1ed9ng quay th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c 1:4. Dao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Dione, t\u0103ng th\u00eam nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng cho Enceladus.", "T\u00e0u Voyager 2 l\u00e0 t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a Enceladus v\u00e0 ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh n\u00e0y \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i chi ti\u1ebft. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh n\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 5 ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a Enceladus, g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed1 thi\u00ean th\u1ea1ch, nh\u1eefng b\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh bao b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh r\u1eb7ng n\u00fai. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t x\u1ebfp tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u01b0\u1eddn b\u0103ng. C\u00e1c v\u00f9ng b\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ed1 thi\u00ean th\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, trong kho\u1ea3ng v\u00e0i tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m. Khi \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn Enceladus cho \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 phun tr\u00e0o c\u1ee7a b\u0103ng hay n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. L\u1edbp b\u0103ng m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng l\u1eabn b\u1ee5i tr\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a Enceladus khi\u1ebfn cho n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t trong h\u1ec7 M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi) v\u1edbi su\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 1,38 v\u00e0 su\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 Bond l\u00e0 0,99 (ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 99% n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb). Do ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi n\u00ean nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1ec7 tinh r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p (kho\u1ea3ng \u2212198 \u00b0C), c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c v\u1ec7 tinh c\u1ee7a Sao Th\u1ed5.Nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh quan s\u00e1t Enceladus t\u1eeb t\u00e0u Cassini trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y 17/2, 9/3 v\u00e0 14/7 n\u0103m 2005 \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1ec7 tinh. V\u00f9ng b\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t b\u1edfi t\u00e0u Voyager 2 khi quan s\u00e1t k\u0129 h\u01a1n g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng mi\u1ec1n ph\u1eb3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ed1 thi\u00ean th\u1ea1ch xen k\u1ebd v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u r\u1eb7ng n\u00fai nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ed1c b\u0103ng. Cassini c\u0169ng cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ebft \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y \u1edf v\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed1 thi\u00ean th\u1ea1ch. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y khi b\u1ecb thi\u00ean th\u1ea1ch b\u1eafn ph\u00e1, Enceladus \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. Nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng b\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean tr\u1ebb c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y Voyager ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 n\u00e9t, nh\u01b0 v\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c nam.", "Nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Cassini ch\u1ee5p ng\u00e0y 14/7/2005 t\u1ea1i ph\u00eda nam Enceladus cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng do ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t. Khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 60\u00b0 nam, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c r\u1eb7ng n\u00fai. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt h\u1ed1 thi\u00ean th\u1ea1ch c\u1ee1 trung b\u00ecnh, cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1ebb nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Enceladus n\u00f3i ri\u00eang v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ec7 tinh b\u0103ng c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc trung b\u00ecnh n\u00f3i chung. C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 b\u1eafn ph\u00e1 thi\u00ean th\u1ea1ch tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1ec7 tinh cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i v\u00f9ng \u1edf c\u1ef1c nam Enceladus c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 500.000 n\u0103m hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed tr\u1ebb h\u01a1n. \u1ede trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 4 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y n\u1eb1m xen k\u1ebd v\u1edbi c\u00e1c r\u1eb7ng n\u00fai \u1edf 2 b\u00ean t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1ecdc h\u1ed5. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ee9t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh tr\u1ebb nh\u1ea5t trong khu v\u1ef1c. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao quanh b\u1edfi b\u0103ng n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t th\u00f4 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh b\u1ea1c h\u00e0. Ki\u1ec3u b\u0103ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u1edf v\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebd n\u1ee9t ho\u1eb7c v\u1ec9a \u0111\u00e1 tr\u00ean Enceladus. Nh\u00ecn tr\u00ean h\u00ecnh b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i (m\u00e0u sai), c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i s\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n l\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00e0u xanh da tr\u1eddi n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng. Do v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb bao ph\u1ee7 b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng h\u1ea1t nh\u1ecf r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0nh \u0111ai E, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o quang ph\u1ed5 tia h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 ki\u1ebfn (VIMS) cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh l\u00e1 c\u00e2y \u1edf c\u00e1c s\u1ecdc h\u1ed5 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean v\u1ec7 tinh. VIMS \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng trong c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y (d\u01b0\u1edbi 1.000 n\u0103m) ho\u1eb7c b\u0103ng \u1edf b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1ec7 tinh \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i do nhi\u1ec7t. Ngo\u00e0i ra, VIMS c\u00f2n t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng s\u1ecdc da h\u1ed5. Tr\u00ean Enceladus, nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.Trong l\u1ea7n bay qua Enceladus ng\u00e0y 14/7, Cassini \u0111\u00e3 quan s\u00e1t chi ti\u1ebft m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng b\u0103ng m\u00e0u xanh v\u00e0 cho th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng m\u1ea1nh do c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao ph\u1ee7 b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh t\u1eeb 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 100 m.Ranh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m c\u00e1c r\u1eb7ng n\u00fai v\u00e0 thung l\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp song song theo h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef Y ho\u1eb7c ch\u1eef V. H\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng, h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c r\u1eb7ng n\u00fai v\u00e0 thung l\u0169ng n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u1ec7 tinh. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00f3 2 gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Enceladus. Gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t cho r\u1eb1ng qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Enceladus \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o ph\u00eda trong khi\u1ebfn cho t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 quay c\u1ee7a v\u1ec7 tinh t\u0103ng l\u00ean. S\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn cho tr\u1ee5c quay c\u1ee7a v\u1ec7 tinh ph\u1eb3ng l\u1ea1i. Gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft th\u1ee9 2 cho r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u1ea5m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang th\u1ea5p trong l\u00f5i Enceladus \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn cho v\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y n\u1eb1m trong v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh \u1edf b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u nam b\u1ecb d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c nam. Sau \u0111\u00f3, do v\u1ec7 tinh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1ea1i, h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a Enceladus c\u0169ng b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c m\u1edbi.", "N\u0103m 1912, c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nga th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i Khujirbulan, v\u00e0 S\u00fckhbaatar \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng qu\u00e2n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n t\u1edbi n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3. T\u00e0i n\u0103ng v\u1ec1 s\u00e1ch l\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c c\u01b0\u1ee1i ng\u1ef1a v\u00e0 s\u0103n b\u1eafn \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed t\u1ecf ra k\u00ednh n\u1ec3, v\u00e0 sau khi k\u1ebft th\u00fac \u0111\u1ee3t \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 huy trung \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i s\u00fang m\u00e1y t\u1ea1i Khujirbulan. N\u0103m 1913, \u00f4ng l\u1eadp gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3 Yanjmaa. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1911, nh\u01b0ng cha m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a Yanjmaa ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y v\u00ec S\u00fckhbaatar qu\u00e1 ngh\u00e8o.", "Ngay sau \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u1ee7y ban trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ph\u1ea7n l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 t\u1ea1i Khiagt t\u1eeb qu\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng 2 t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu th\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n. Ch\u1ec9 huy Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 18 th\u00e1ng 3, qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a S\u00fckhbaatar \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n. Ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y ngh\u1ec9 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5, v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi Ng\u00e0y B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i Nga. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 t\u1ea1i Khiagt v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 Ngo\u1ea1i giao, nh\u01b0ng sau m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 h\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1edbi Altanbulag.", "V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1921, Khiagt \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ee9c \u00e9p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng do Baron Ungern c\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u01b0\u1edbc Nga X\u00f4 vi\u1ebft. Cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng s\u00e1u, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Vi\u1ec5n \u0110\u00f4ng. V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 6, Du k\u00edch Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 H\u1ed3ng qu\u00e2n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Kh\u00fcree. H\u1ecd t\u1edbi th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n v\u00e0o ng\u00e0u 6 th\u00e1ng 7, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m qu\u00e2n nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ungern tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n.", "Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 m\u1edbi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 v\u1ecb th\u1ebf v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, v\u00e0 tin \u0111\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 \u00e2m m\u01b0u ch\u1ed1ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lan truy\u1ec1n. N\u0103m 1922, Bodoo, Chagdarjav, Da Lama Puntsagdorj v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c b\u1ecb h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft v\u1edbi l\u00fd do h\u1ecd c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ebb th\u00f9 b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 m\u1edbi. \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1923, gi\u1eefa l\u00fac c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nghi ng\u1edd ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh do Tsagaan Sar l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn S\u00fckhbaatar ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c. \u00d4ng suy nh\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o \u0111\u00eam ng\u00e0y 14/15 th\u00e1ng 2, v\u00e0 qua \u0111\u1eddi ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 2. Trong th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 1940 d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Choibalsan, S\u00fckhbaatar \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 ch\u1ebft do nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c, nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch b\u00e1o c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft.", "B\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a S\u00fckhbaatar,  Yanjmaa t\u1eebng gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng trong ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5, bao g\u1ed3m quy\u1ec1n T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng.", "Ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 6, h\u1ecd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi ca kh\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \"Us and Them\", sau \u0111\u00f3 6 ng\u00e0y l\u00e0 \"Money\". Waters \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ti\u1ebfng x\u00e8ng qua b\u0103ng th\u00e2u t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3ng xu v\u1ee9t v\u00e0o trong chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y xay b\u1eb1ng s\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a v\u1ee3, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i 1 l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa theo k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt 4 k\u00eanh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 album (do kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ed1 b\u0103ng thu, Parsons th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea3n mix). \"Time\" v\u00e0 \"The Great Gig in the Sky\" l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ca kh\u00fac l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu sau \u0111\u00f3 2 th\u00e1ng, khi ban nh\u1ea1c \u0111ang d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian b\u00ean gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho tour quanh n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9. Bu\u1ed5i thu b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u1eefa ch\u1eebng: Waters, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean cu\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Arsenal F.C., quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1m ngh\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 anh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem \u0111\u1ed9i b\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 ban nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3i ng\u1ed3i xem ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Monty Python's Flying Circus trong l\u00fac ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i, b\u1ecf m\u1eb7c Parsons ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n thu \u00e2m. Gilmour th\u00ec l\u1ea1i b\u00e1c b\u1ecf th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y; trong b\u00e0i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2003, \u00f4ng n\u00f3i: \"Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00f4i l\u00fac c\u00f3 xem, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c dang d\u1edf, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n t\u1eadp trung.\"Tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1973, h\u1ecd li\u1ec1n thu \u00e2m \"Brain Damage\", \"Eclipse\", \"Any Colour You Like\" v\u00e0 \"On the Run\" v\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ec9nh 5-t\u1ea7n m\u00e0 h\u1ecd t\u1eebng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee3t thu tr\u01b0\u1edbc. 4 gi\u1ecdng n\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e1t trong \"Brain Damage\", \"Eclipse\" v\u00e0 \"Time\" v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 saxophone Dick Parry \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u01a1i trong \"Us and Them\" v\u00e0 \"Money\". C\u00f9ng l\u00fac, h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1ed9 phim t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n Adrien Maben, Pink Floyd: Live at Pompeii. Ngay khi c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i thu ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho tour di\u1ec5n v\u00f2ng quanh ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.", "Ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 6, h\u1ecd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi ca kh\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \"Us and Them\", sau \u0111\u00f3 6 ng\u00e0y l\u00e0 \"Money\". Waters \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ti\u1ebfng x\u00e8ng qua b\u0103ng th\u00e2u t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3ng xu v\u1ee9t v\u00e0o trong chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y xay b\u1eb1ng s\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a v\u1ee3, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i 1 l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa theo k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt 4 k\u00eanh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 album (do kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ed1 b\u0103ng thu, Parsons th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea3n mix). \"Time\" v\u00e0 \"The Great Gig in the Sky\" l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ca kh\u00fac l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu sau \u0111\u00f3 2 th\u00e1ng, khi ban nh\u1ea1c \u0111ang d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian b\u00ean gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho tour quanh n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9. Bu\u1ed5i thu b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u1eefa ch\u1eebng: Waters, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean cu\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Arsenal F.C., quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1m ngh\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 anh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem \u0111\u1ed9i b\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 ban nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3i ng\u1ed3i xem ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Monty Python's Flying Circus trong l\u00fac ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i, b\u1ecf m\u1eb7c Parsons ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n thu \u00e2m. Gilmour th\u00ec l\u1ea1i b\u00e1c b\u1ecf th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y; trong b\u00e0i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2003, \u00f4ng n\u00f3i: \"Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00f4i l\u00fac c\u00f3 xem, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c dang d\u1edf, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n t\u1eadp trung.\"Tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1973, h\u1ecd li\u1ec1n thu \u00e2m \"Brain Damage\", \"Eclipse\", \"Any Colour You Like\" v\u00e0 \"On the Run\" v\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ec9nh 5-t\u1ea7n m\u00e0 h\u1ecd t\u1eebng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee3t thu tr\u01b0\u1edbc. 4 gi\u1ecdng n\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e1t trong \"Brain Damage\", \"Eclipse\" v\u00e0 \"Time\" v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 saxophone Dick Parry \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u01a1i trong \"Us and Them\" v\u00e0 \"Money\". C\u00f9ng l\u00fac, h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1ed9 phim t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n Adrien Maben, Pink Floyd: Live at Pompeii. Ngay khi c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i thu ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho tour di\u1ec5n v\u00f2ng quanh ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.", "Trong v\u00e0i cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n album, nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Chris Thomas \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \"m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f4i tai t\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1edbi\". Thomas v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ngh\u1ec1 nh\u1ea1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean \u00e2m thanh. \u00d4ng t\u1eebng c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a The Beatles, George Martin, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Pink Floyd, Steve O'Rourke. C\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh phong c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 Thomas s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, khi m\u00e0 Waters v\u00e0 Mason \u01b0a th\u00edch ki\u1ec3u tr\u1ed9n \u00e2m \"kh\u00f4\" v\u00e0 \"s\u1ea1ch\" s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00edt c\u00e1c nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 h\u01a1n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, trong khi Wright v\u00e0 Gilmour l\u1ea1i \u01b0a th\u00edch ki\u1ec3u tr\u1ed9n \u00e2m nhi\u1ec1u \"ti\u1ebfng vang\". Thomas sau n\u00e0y n\u00f3i ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady: \"G\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o trong \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1edb Roger c\u00f3 t\u1eebng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00f4i gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfng vang kh\u00f4ng. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00fat g\u1ee3i \u00fd n\u00e0o m\u00e0 b\u1ecb h\u1ecd b\u1ecf qu\u00ean. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed r\u1ea5t s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. Th\u1eadt th\u00fa v\u1ecb.\" D\u00f9 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng, song s\u1ef1 g\u00f3p m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a Thomas \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa Waters v\u00e0 Gilmour v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 hai c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng cho t\u1edbi k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Thomas \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong album n\u00e0y, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 th\u1eddi gian ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng vang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong \"Us and Them\". \u00d4ng c\u0169ng tham gia ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda trong \"The Great Gig in the Sky\" (d\u00f9 Parsons l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u00ea Torry). Trong b\u00e0i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n n\u0103m 2006, khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong ph\u00f2ng thu, Waters n\u00f3i: \"Sau khi bu\u1ed5i thu k\u1ebft th\u00fac, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 mang m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n sao v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eadt n\u00f3 cho v\u1ee3 nghe, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i nh\u1edb c\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eadt kh\u00f3c khi n\u00f3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129, \"H\u1eb3n l\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m rung \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3\", v\u00e0 t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y vui v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. B\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea5y, khi b\u1ea1n ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi b\u1ea1n vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t ca kh\u00fac, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd nghe n\u00f3 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c so v\u1edbi khi b\u1ea1n ch\u01a1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t ai \u0111\u00f3. V\u00e0 t\u1edbi l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i t\u1ef1 nh\u1ee7 \"Wow, c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n\", v\u00e0 t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t tin t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn n\u00f3.\"", "Ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi h\u1ecd, George Hardie. Hipgnosis \u0111\u00e3 cho ban nh\u1ea1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1eefa 7 nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, song c\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t r\u1eb1ng chi\u1ebfc l\u0103ng k\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. Ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1: \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u, ca t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a album, v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 \"\u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n m\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadm n\u00e9t\" m\u00e0 Wright \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ri\u00eang cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. Quang ph\u1ed5 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i qua th\u1ea5u k\u00ednh c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Waters. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfc l\u0103ng k\u00ednh c\u0169ng h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c quan c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ecbp tim xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong su\u1ed1t album, v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t sau c\u1ee7a album c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u0103ng k\u00ednh kh\u00e1c h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 quang ph\u1ed5 nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi g\u1ee3i \u00fd c\u1ee7a Thorgerson v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u00e0y tr\u00ed album trong c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean ph\u1ea7n quang ph\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 sau m\u00e0u khi khuy\u1ebft m\u00e0u ch\u00e0m (m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc l\u0103ng k\u00ednh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd cho th\u1ea5y \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u th\u00e0nh 7 m\u00e0u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n sau khi n\u00f3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch b\u00ean trong l\u0103ng k\u00ednh). Ph\u1ea7n b\u00eca ph\u00eda trong bao g\u1ed3m 2 poster c\u00f9ng v\u00e0i mi\u1ebfng d\u00e1n in h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfc kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p. M\u1ed9t poster l\u00e0 \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p ban nh\u1ea1c khi \u0111ang tr\u00ean s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u, v\u1edbi ph\u00f4ng n\u1ec1n ph\u00eda sau nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1 r\u00f5 ch\u1eef PINK FLOYD, c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh ch\u1ee5p h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p Giza b\u1edfi Powell v\u00e0 Thorgersen.", "C\u00e1c album \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a Pink Floyd \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, Capitol Records. Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a h\u00e3ng, Bhaskar Menon, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh sau th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a album tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, Meddle. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00ec th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng v\u1edbi Capitol, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ban nh\u1ea1c, O'Rourke b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1edbi gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a CBS, Clive Davis, v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi Columbia Records. The Dark Side of the Moon l\u00e0 album cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Pink Floyd c\u00f2n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi Capitol tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 k\u00fd k\u1ebft m\u1edbi. S\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Menon v\u1ec1 album n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn \u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o r\u1ea7m r\u1ed9, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c nh\u1edd ph\u00e1t c\u00e1c ca kh\u00fac \"Us and Them\" v\u00e0 \"Time\" qua s\u00f3ng ph\u00e1t thanh. T\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i \u2013 nh\u01b0 t\u1ea1i Anh \u2013 Pink Floyd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u01a1n k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ca kh\u00fac \"Point Me at the Sky\" v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1968. Ng\u00e0y 7 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1973, h\u1ecd ra m\u1eaft \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u01a1n \"Money\" c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \"Any Colour You Like\" \u1edf m\u1eb7t B. \u0110\u0129a \u0111\u01a1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed s\u1ed1 13 t\u1ea1i Billboard Hot 100 v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 7. B\u1ea3n \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u01a1n v\u1edbi nh\u00e3n \u0111\u0129a tr\u1eafng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi t\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0i ph\u00e1t thanh: trong khi b\u1ea3n thu mono c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang thay th\u1ebf t\u1eeb \"bullshit\" b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00f3a \u0111i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n \"bull\" th\u00ec b\u1ea3n stereo v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean g\u1ed1c. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0i ph\u00e1t thanh \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c DJ c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nghe tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c. Ng\u00e0y 4 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1974, \"Time\" v\u00e0 \"Us and Them\" \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u01a1n m\u1eb7t A-k\u00e9p. Menon \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng n\u00edu gi\u1eef Pink Floyd trong v\u00f4 v\u1ecdng; v\u00e0 t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1974, ban nh\u1ea1c k\u00fd h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi Columbia v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n l\u00f3t tay l\u00ean t\u1edbi 1 tri\u1ec7u $ (\u1edf Anh v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, h\u1ecd v\u1eabn tin t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00e3ng \u0111\u0129a Harvest Records).", "Ali Bongo Ondimba (born Alain Bernard Bongo; 9 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1959) l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia Gabon, gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Gabon t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2009.", "V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1939, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi YP-38 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t v\u00e0 bay th\u1eed, Kh\u00f4ng l\u1ef1c L\u1ee5c qu\u00e2n Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng 66 chi\u1ebfc P-38 Lightning, 30 chi\u1ebfc s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 1941, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb v\u0169 kh\u00ed. Nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc kh\u00f4ng trang b\u1ecb sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn 4 s\u00fang m\u00e1y 0,50\" (thay cho 2 kh\u1ea9u 0,50\" v\u00e0 2 kh\u1ea9u 0,30\") v\u00e0 1 ph\u00e1o 37 mm. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 k\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1n, v\u1ecf gi\u00e1p bu\u1ed3ng l\u00e1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u00fat \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n bu\u1ed3ng l\u00e1i hu\u1ef3nh quang. M\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb bu\u1ed3ng l\u00e1i \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a \u00e1p l\u1ef1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mang k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u XP-38A. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o b\u00e1o c\u00e1o Kh\u00f4ng l\u1ef1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, 36 chi\u1ebfc c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i trong lo\u1ea1t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0 th\u00f9ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u t\u1ef1 h\u00e0n k\u00edn v\u00e0 gi\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. Kh\u00f4ng l\u1ef1c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh 36 chi\u1ebfc n\u00e0y mang k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u P-38D (v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n P-38B hay P-38C). Vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc P-38D l\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 r\u00fat kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3u m\u00e1y bay n\u00e0y.Th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1940, Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Anh \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 667 chi\u1ebfc P-38, k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u Ki\u1ec3u 322F cho Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Ki\u1ec3u 322B cho Anh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a P-38E m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 turbo si\u00eau t\u0103ng \u00e1p (v\u00ec ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n M\u1ef9), v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u00f3 c\u00e1nh quay v\u1ec1 b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i thay v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ec1u nhau cho gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn m\u00e1y bay Curtiss Tomahawk m\u00e0 hai n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng. Sau khi Ph\u00e1p s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1940, ph\u00eda Anh l\u1ea5y to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u1ea1i m\u00e1y bay l\u00e0 Lightning I (Tia Ch\u1edbp I). Ba chi\u1ebfc Lightning I \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao cho Anh Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1942, v\u00e0 sau khi th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 si\u00eau t\u0103ng \u00e1p v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng x\u0103ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 octane th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a Anh, n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i \u0111a 480 km/h (300 mph) c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n k\u00e9m, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng b\u1ecb h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf. 140 chi\u1ebfc Lightning I c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 giao cho Kh\u00f4ng l\u1ef1c L\u1ee5c qu\u00e2n Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t quay ng\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 si\u00eau t\u0103ng \u00e1p. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n cho nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u RP-322. Nh\u1eefng m\u00e1y bay n\u00e0y gi\u00fap Kh\u00f4ng l\u1ef1c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n phi c\u00f4ng m\u1edbi bay m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y bay ti\u00eam k\u00edch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. RP-322 bay kh\u00e1 nhanh \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ed1t trong th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u00ean \"Lightning\" \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t cho m\u00e1y bay. Lockheed ban \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 Atalanta theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean m\u00e1y bay c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i t\u00ean trong th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u00ean \u0111\u00e0ng, nh\u01b0ng t\u00ean c\u1ee7a Kh\u00f4ng l\u1ef1c Ho\u00e0ng gia Anh \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eafng cu\u1ed9c.", "T\u01b0\u1edbng George C. Kenney, Ch\u1ec9 huy tr\u01b0\u1edfng Kh\u00f4ng l\u1ef1c 5 L\u1ee5c qu\u00e2n Hoa K\u1ef3 t\u1ea1i New Guinea, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ed1 m\u00e1y bay P-38, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng thay th\u1ebf nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc P-39 v\u00e0 P-40 c\u00f2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7. Phi c\u00f4ng Lightning b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea1nh tranh nhau ghi \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1ea1 m\u00e1y bay Nh\u1eadt.", "P-38G \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1943, g\u1eafn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n Allison 1.400 m\u00e3 l\u1ef1c (1.040 kW) m\u1ed7i chi\u1ebfc v\u00e0 trang b\u1ecb radio t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. P-38G l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i b\u1edfi P-38H, v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p Allisons 1.425 m\u00e3 l\u1ef1c (1.060 kW), ph\u00e1o 20 mm c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 mang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1.450 kg (3.200 lb) bom. Nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec3u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh m\u00e1y bay trinh s\u00e1t F-4A v\u00e0 F-5A. M\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc F-5A \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3u th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m trinh s\u00e1t 2 ch\u1ed7 ng\u1ed3i v\u00e0 th\u00eam nh\u1eefng m\u00e1y \u1ea3nh g\u1eafn tr\u00ean \u0111u\u00f4i th\u00e2n.", "Lockheed \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb cho H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Hoa K\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Lightning \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 Ki\u1ec3u 822. Ki\u1ec3u 822 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u00e1nh x\u1ebfp, m\u00f3c h\u00e3m v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1p ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay. H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb n\u00e0y. H\u1ecd cho r\u1eb1ng chi\u1ebfc Lightning qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u00ean Ki\u1ec3u 822 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n c\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed1n chi\u1ebfc F-5B t\u1eeb c\u0103n c\u1ee9 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i B\u1eafc Phi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n giao t\u1eeb Kh\u00f4ng l\u1ef1c M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 FO-1.", "Trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian b\u1ecb bao v\u00e2y, qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ee9c \u1edf \"c\u00e1i t\u00fai\" Demyansk v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 \u1edf \"c\u00e1i t\u00fai\" Kholm nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn 65 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ea5n h\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9; 31 ngh\u00ecn qu\u00e2n ti\u1ebfp vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 di t\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 36 ngh\u00ecn th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh. Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00e1i gi\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 cho n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp vi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf: kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n ph\u00e1t x\u00edt \u0110\u1ee9c Luftwaffe m\u1ea5t ch\u1eebng 265 m\u00e1y bay, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 106 chi\u1ebfc Junkers Ju 52, 17 chi\u1ebfc Heinkel He 111, 2 chi\u1ebfc Junkers Ju 86 c\u00f9ng 387 binh s\u0129 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n. M\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c cho con s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t l\u00e0 112 chi\u1ebfc, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chi\u1ebfc r\u01a1i t\u1ea1i Kholm. T\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n X\u00f4 Vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 408 m\u00e1y bay, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 243 ti\u00eam k\u00edch c\u01a1.", "Gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a vua John n\u0103m 1207 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb Liverpool v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 16 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1eabn dao \u0111\u1ed9ng xung quanh con s\u1ed1 500, V\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 17 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 N\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn Anh, bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c bao v\u00e2y 18 ng\u00e0y n\u0103m 1644. N\u0103m 1699, Liverpool \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o khu theo S\u1eafc lu\u1eadt Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i, c\u00f9ng n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3 chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Liverpool c\u00f3 t\u00ean Liverpool Merchant \u0111\u00e3 r\u1eddi b\u00ean \u0111i ch\u00e2u Phi. Khi m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb T\u00e2y \u1ea4n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua Ireland v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, Liverpool b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. \u1ee4 t\u00e0u \u01b0\u1edbt \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf Anh Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y \u1edf Liverpool v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1715.", "\u0110\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2018, c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o v\u1edbi c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb \"Do you like Twice? Yes or Yes\" (Hangul: \"\ud2b8\uc640\uc774\uc2a4 \uc88b\uc544\ud558\uc138\uc694? YES or YES\") \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean b\u1ea3ng qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o t\u00e0u \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1ea7m, thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 11 th\u00e1ng 10, JYP Entertainment \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng Twice \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh album ti\u1ebfng H\u00e0n th\u1ee9 ba trong n\u0103m v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 5 th\u00e1ng 11. Yes or Yes\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 l\u00e0 ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 album v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 10 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t video \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m ba n\u0103m c\u1ee7a Twice c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n clip ng\u1eafn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u01a1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh c\u00f9ng t\u00ean c\u1ee7a album.", "James Clerk Maxwell FRS FRSE (13 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1831 \u2013 5 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1879) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Scotland. Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp l\u00ean l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1eafc chi\u1ebfc c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ecdc, t\u1eeb h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Maxwell c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \"l\u1ea7n th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 hai trong v\u1eadt l\u00fd\" sau l\u1ea7n th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t b\u1edfi Isaac Newton.", "V\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 18, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1eefa Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Anh, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n Ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9. Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Chi\u1ebfn tranh K\u1ebf v\u1ecb \u00c1o (1744\u20131748), Chi\u1ebfn tranh B\u1ea3y n\u0103m (1756\u20131763), C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng M\u1ef9 (1765\u20131783), Cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Ph\u00e1p (1793\u20131802) v\u00e0 Chi\u1ebfn tranh Napoleon (1803-1815) v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh Ph\u00e1p - \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Xung \u0111\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Chi\u1ebfn tranh Tr\u0103m n\u0103m th\u1ee9 hai.", "\u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1 trong th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 hai, khi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng b\u1edfi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, Anh t\u1ea1i Syria, Liban v\u00e0 Madagascar, M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Anh t\u1ea1i Maroc v\u00e0 Alg\u00e9rie, \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u00dd \u1edf Tunisia. Tuy nhi\u00ean, quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i l\u1eadp b\u1edfi Charles de Gaulle. Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp theo Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi n\u0103m 1946, thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n c\u0169. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a phi th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n h\u00f3a. \u1ede ch\u00e2u \u00c1, H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Vi\u1ec7t Minh tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp ngay t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1945, d\u00f9 r\u1ea5t m\u1ec1m m\u1ecfng nh\u01b0ng c\u01b0\u01a1ng quy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Ph\u00e1p-Vi\u1ec7t. N\u0103m 1947, n\u1ed9i c\u00e1c c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Paul Ramadier \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed5i d\u1eady v\u00f9ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Malagasy (nay ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 Madagascar), m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u cho s\u1ef1 tan r\u00e3 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba t\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u Phi.", "Silent Hill \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c. Game \u0111\u1ea1t 86/100 t\u1ea1i trang Metacritic. Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n hai tri\u1ec7u b\u1ea3n, x\u1ebfp Silent Hill tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng game b\u00e1n ch\u1ea1y nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 m\u00e1y PlayStation \u1edf M\u1ef9.", "Percy Spencer Lebaron (sinh 19 th\u00e1ng 07 n\u0103m 1894 - m\u1ea5t 08 th\u00e1ng 09 n\u0103m 1970) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t minh ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t minh ra l\u00f2 vi s\u00f3ng.\u00d4ng v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a h\u1ecdc h\u1ebft l\u1edbp 3, nh\u01b0ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu h\u01a1n 150 b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf.", "Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Charles ban h\u00e0nh b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt Clarendon, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp ra nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 cho \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Anh v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i l\u1eadp. Charles chi\u1ec1u theo Clarenndon d\u00f9 r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng khoan dung t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o Chi\u1ebfn tranh Anh-H\u00e0 Lan l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai. N\u0103m 1672, \u00f4ng k\u00fd k\u1ebft m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u1edf Dover, li\u00ean minh v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh h\u1ecd Louis XIV c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p. Louis \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u00f4ng trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh Anh-H\u00e0 Lan l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 ba v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p cho \u00f4ng ti\u1ec1n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p, v\u00e0 Charles b\u00ed m\u1eadt h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed5i qua \u0111\u1ea1o Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Charles c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u00e1i ban h\u00e0nh T\u1ef1 do t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Tin L\u00e0nh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u0110\u1eb7c \u00e2n ho\u00e0ng gia 1672, nh\u01b0ng Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n Anh bu\u1ed9c \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i thu h\u1ed3i n\u00f3. N\u0103m 1679, Titus Oates ph\u00e1t gi\u00e1c ra c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \"\u00c2m m\u01b0u c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng\" d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c Kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng Lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb khi s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c ph\u01a1i b\u00e0y ra em trai v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebf v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Charles l\u00e0 (James, Qu\u1eadn c\u00f4ng x\u1ee9 York) l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1o Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng Whig \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea3ng Tory ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i Lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb. Charles \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ea3ng Tory (B\u1ea3o th\u1ee7), v\u00e0, sau khi \u00c2m m\u01b0u Rye House nh\u1eb1m \u00e1m s\u00e1t Charles v\u00e0 James n\u0103m 1683, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea3ng Whig b\u1ecb x\u1eed t\u1eed ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0u \u0111\u00e0y. Charles gi\u1ea3i t\u00e1n Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n Anh n\u0103m 1681, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh cai tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u1ebft ng\u00e0y 6 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1685. \u00d4ng c\u1ea3i theo \u0110\u1ea1o Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0o ph\u00fat l\u00e2m chung.", "Ng\u00e0y k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m Trung H\u01b0ng (c\u0169ng l\u00e0 sinh nh\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Charles) \u2014 29 th\u00e1ng 5 \u2014 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u1edf Anh cho \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1eef th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XIX nh\u01b0 Oak Apple Day, theo t\u00ean chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o l\u00e1 s\u1ed3i m\u00e0 Charles gi\u1ea5u trong l\u00fac l\u1ea9n tr\u1ed1n qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Oliver Cromwell. L\u1ec5 k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c m\u1eb7c \u00e1o l\u00e1 s\u1ed3i nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y nay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u1eefa. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Charles II \u1edf t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Soho, Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n Edinburgh, \u1edf Three Cocks Lane thu\u1ed9c Gloucester, v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n c\u1ed5ng nam Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Lichfield, v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c. Charleston, Nam Carolina, v\u00e0 Nam Kingstown, Rhode Island, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ean theo t\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.", "Malvik l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u1ea1t Tr\u00f8ndelag, Na Uy. Malvik \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra t\u1eeb Strinda ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1891. Trung t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb n\u00e0y l\u00e0 l\u00e0ng Hommelvik.", "Riky\u016b sinh t\u1ea1i Sakai, nay thu\u1ed9c Osaka. Cha \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 kho t\u00ean l\u00e0 Tanaka Y\u014dhei (\u7530\u4e2d\u4e0e\u5175\u885b\uff0f\u7530\u4e2d\u8207\u5175\u885e (\u0110i\u1ec1n Trung D\u01b0 Binh V\u1ec7), Tanaka Y\u014dhei), sau n\u00e0y c\u0169ng d\u00f9ng t\u00ean h\u1ecd l\u00e0 Sen, v\u00e0 m\u1eb9 \u00f4ng t\u00ean l\u00e0 Gesshin My\u014dchin (\u6708\u5c91\u5999\u73ce (Nguy\u1ec7t S\u1ea7m Di\u1ec7u Tr\u00e2n), Gesshin My\u014dchin). T\u00ean thu\u1edf nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Yoshiro.Khi c\u00f2n tr\u1ebb, Riky\u016b h\u1ecdc tr\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf Sakai t\u00ean l\u00e0 Kitamuki D\u014dchin (1504\u201362), v\u00e0 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 19 tu\u1ed5i, th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a D\u014dchin, \u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 tr\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Takeno J\u014d\u014d, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 wabi trong tr\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p danh S\u014deki (\u5b97\u6613 (T\u00f4n D\u1ecb), S\u014deki) do th\u1ea7y tu Thi\u1ec1n t\u00f4ng d\u00f2ng Rinzai (L\u00e2m T\u1ebf) l\u00e0 Dairin S\u014dt\u014d (1480\u20131568) \u1edf ch\u00f9a Nanshuji t\u1ea1i Sakai. 19 tu\u1ed5i, \u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc tr\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u1edbi Takeno J\u014d\u014d, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng g\u00f3p c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 wabi trong tr\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o. \u00d4ng c\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 H\u014dshin My\u014dju (m. 1577) v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 21 tu\u1ed5i. Riky\u016b c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng tr\u1ea3i qua th\u1eddi gian tu t\u1eadp Thi\u1ec1n t\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a Daitoku-ji \u1edf Kyoto. Cho t\u1edbi khi \u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 tr\u00e0 s\u01b0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng n\u0103m th\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfp theo trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.", "Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, protein, m\u00f4 li\u00ean k\u1ebft, ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o (ho\u1eb7c lipid), hydroxylapatite (trong x\u01b0\u01a1ng), carbohydrate (nh\u01b0 glycogen v\u00e0 glucose) v\u00e0 DNA. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u00f4, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ee1, c\u01a1, x\u01b0\u01a1ng, v.v. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m lo\u1ea1i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi (d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t) kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n c\u01b0 tr\u00fa trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng", "C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean ho\u1eb7c b\u00ean trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, 90% c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o trong (ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean) c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 vi sinh v\u1eadt, theo s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (\u00edt h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u theo kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1ec3 t\u00edch). M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1ed9ng sinh n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe ch\u00fang ta. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00edch c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 vi sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ed9i sinh.", "Panic! at the Disco (tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y vi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7u l\u00e0 Panic at the Disco) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ban nh\u1ea1c rock M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Las Vegas, Nevada, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u0103m 2004. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ban nh\u1ea1c bao g\u1ed3m Brendon Urie (h\u00e1t ch\u00ednh, guitar, piano) v\u00e0 Spencer Smith (tr\u1ed1ng). C\u1ef1u th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean l\u01b0u di\u1ec5n, tay bass Dallon Weekes ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c gia nh\u1eadp ban nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2012.Ban nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0 thu \u00e2m b\u1ea3n demo \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc. M\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn sau, ban nh\u1ea1c thu \u00e2m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh album \u0111\u1ea7u tay c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, A Fever You Can't Sweat Out (2005). \u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u01a1n top m\u01b0\u1eddi \" I Write Sins Not Tragedies \", album cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u0129a b\u1ea1ch kim. Sau \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh album ph\u00f2ng thu th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Pretty. Odd., ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2008. \u0110\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a giai \u0111i\u1ec7u t\u1eeb khi ra m\u1eaft, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1n r\u1ebb k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1i chi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e2m m\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh.", "ActivePresenter l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 click chu\u1ed9t, nh\u1ea5n ph\u00edm, k\u00e9o th\u1ea3... v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfu l\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng slide show. ActivePresenter c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i Microsoft PowerPoint Presentation (.pptx) th\u00e0nh d\u1ea1ng slide c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 (.approj), ho\u1eb7c export c\u00e1c file n\u00e0y ra d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng \u1ea3nh (.jpg,.png), flash video (.flv), HTML slideshow, Adobe Portable Document Format (.pdf), Microsoft Word, Excel, PowerPoint document (.docx,.xlsx,.pptx)... v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh video d\u1ea1ng .avi, m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng file r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 upload l\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c video hosting websites.Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ActivePresenter ch\u1ec9 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 platform duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Windows. M\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n port sang Linux \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.", "Super Nintendo Entertainment System (th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft th\u00e0nh Super NES ho\u1eb7c SNES, ho\u1eb7c Super Nintendo) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t video game console gia \u0111\u00ecnh 16 bit \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nintendo ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u0103m 1990 t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, n\u0103m 1991 t\u1ea1i B\u1eafc M\u1ef9, n\u0103m 1992 t\u1ea1i Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 Australasia (Ch\u00e2u \u0110\u1ea1i D\u01b0\u01a1ng), v\u00e0 n\u0103m 1993 t\u1ea1i Nam M\u1ef9. \u1ede Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, h\u1ec7 m\u00e1y n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Super Famicom, ho\u1eb7c SFC. \u1ede H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Super Comboy v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Hyundai Electronics ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ed7i phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nhau, Nintendo \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f3a m\u00e3 v\u00f9ng cho t\u1eebng khu v\u1ef1c.", "Thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i r\u1ed9ng hay thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t l\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn do nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd Albert Einstein c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1916 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fd hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i h\u1eb9p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Newton, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi n\u00f3 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn (tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn) nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian, ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng th\u1eddi gian. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed9 cong c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng th\u1eddi gian c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1. Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1eddng Einstein, m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1o h\u00e0m ri\u00eang phi tuy\u1ebfn.", "Nhi\u1ec1u ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i r\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t h\u1eb3n so v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i \u0111i c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi gian, h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng gian, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 khi r\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 lan truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ef1 gi\u00e3n th\u1eddi gian do h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, th\u1ea5u k\u00ednh h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ecf do h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ec5 th\u1eddi gian do h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. M\u1ecdi quan s\u00e1t v\u00e0 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec1u x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y cho t\u1edbi nay. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau ra, nh\u01b0ng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m. Tuy th\u1ebf, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi m\u1edf, c\u0103n b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i r\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n l\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed.", "Ngay sau khi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u0103m 1905, Einstein b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn gi\u1eefa l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn Newton v\u1edbi l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y. N\u0103m 1907, \u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra s\u1ef1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 (hay t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9) gi\u1eefa l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 quy chi\u1ebfu gia t\u1ed1c (\u00f4ng coi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh) v\u00e0 n\u00eau ra m\u1ed9t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m suy t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan s\u00e1t trong thang m\u00e1y r\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t t\u00e1m n\u0103m theo \u0111u\u1ed5i nh\u1eb1m t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00ednh. Sau nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u00e0 \u0111i l\u1ec7ch h\u01b0\u1edbng, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u00e0 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 n\u00f3 trong cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n h\u00e0n l\u00e2m Khoa h\u1ecdc Ph\u1ed5 v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1915 m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1eddng Einstein. H\u1ec7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y cho bi\u1ebft h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng th\u1eddi gian b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn do s\u1ef1 cong c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng th\u1eddi gian. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1eddng Einstein l\u00e0 m\u1ea3nh gh\u00e9p trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t.Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1eddng Einstein l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh vi ph\u00e2n ri\u00eang ph\u1ea7n phi tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i. Einstein \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 nh\u1eb1m suy lu\u1eadn nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft. Nh\u01b0ng ngay \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1916, nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n v\u1eadt l\u00fd Karl Schwarzschild t\u00ecm ra nghi\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1eddng Einstein m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u00eatric Schwarzschild. Nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft cho m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a suy s\u1ee5p h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thi\u00ean th\u1ec3 trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 \u0111en d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng c\u1ea7u. Trong c\u00f9ng n\u0103m, nghi\u1ec7m Schwarzschild \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t th\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cho v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch, hay ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u00eatric Reissner\u2013Nordstr\u00f6m, nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u1ed7 \u0111en t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng quay. N\u0103m 1917, Einstein \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, khai sinh ra ng\u00e0nh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 h\u1ecdc t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00ednh. Theo t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 t\u0129nh t\u1ea1i v\u0129nh h\u1eb1ng, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t tham s\u1ed1 m\u1edbi v\u00e0o trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1eddng ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\u2014h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 h\u1ecdc\u2014nh\u1eb1m thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 \"quan s\u00e1t\" t\u1eeb b\u1ea5y l\u00e2u nay. Tuy th\u1ebf, n\u0103m 1929, nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n Edwin Hubble v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 ra v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 \u0111ang gi\u00e3n n\u1edf. V\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 quan s\u00e1t n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nghi\u1ec7m m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 \u0111ang gi\u00e3n n\u1edf do nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nga Alexander Friedman t\u00ecm ra t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1922 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00f3 h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 h\u1ecdc. M\u1ee5c s\u01b0 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ec9 Georges Lema\u00eetre \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n s\u01a1 khai c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh V\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 l\u1edbn, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c. Sau n\u00e0y, Einstein coi h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi \u00f4ng.Trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi k\u00ec t\u1eeb th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1920 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1950, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u1eabn coi thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t m\u1ed9t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 trong c\u00e1c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1eadt l\u00fd. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Newton, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i h\u1eb9p v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft Newton ch\u01b0a th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Ch\u00ednh Einstein \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1915 r\u1eb1ng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1eadn nh\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Sao Th\u1ee7y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u00ec m\u1ed9t tham s\u1ed1 n\u00e0o. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1919 m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u00e0n th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1edfi Arthur Eddington \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng khi n\u00f3 \u0111i g\u1ea7n M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch theo d\u00f5i nh\u1eadt th\u1ef1c v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 5, khi\u1ebfn Einstein ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c tr\u1edf n\u00ean n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng. V\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n v\u1eadt l\u00fd trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb 1960 \u0111\u1ebfn 1975, hay th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 v\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i r\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m l\u1ed7 \u0111en, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u00ean v\u0103n v\u1eadt l\u00fd n\u00e0y v\u1edbi quasar trong thi\u00ean v\u0103n quan s\u00e1t. C\u00f3 th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong h\u1ec7 M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, v\u00e0 trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 h\u1ecdc t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00ednh c\u0169ng v\u1eady v\u1edbi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u quan s\u00e1t \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eb1m ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft.", "C\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n l\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ef1 do (hay qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh) v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng khi c\u00f3 ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng. C\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh trong kh\u00f4ng gian 3 chi\u1ec1u Euclid v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i. Nh\u1eefng ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00ean v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u1eadt l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh tu\u00e2n theo \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a Newton v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00ean v\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh) nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi gia t\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Ti\u1ebfp theo, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian: trong h\u1ec7 quy chi\u1ebfu qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c v\u1eadt chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ef1 do v\u1edbi v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ebd c\u00f3 qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng. Theo ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fd hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecba, nh\u1eefng tuy\u1ebfn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1eb3ng (world lines, hay \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi) trong kh\u00f4ng th\u1eddi gian cong v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng trong h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ph\u1eb3ng.Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang ta mong mu\u1ed1n r\u1eb1ng nh\u1edd \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh - m\u1ed9t khi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 do \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c n\u00e0o (nh\u01b0 l\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c ma s\u00e1t) - \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ra h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng gian, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eddi gian. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. Theo \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn Newton, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a E\u00f6tv\u00f6s v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m sau \u0111\u00f3 (xem th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m E\u00f6tv\u00f6s), v\u1eadt r\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u1ebfu, hay s\u1ef1 b\u1eb1ng nhau gi\u1eefa kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng): qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt th\u1eed khi r\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o n\u00f3 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t g\u00ec (nh\u01b0 l\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch h\u1ea1t th\u1eed). C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t minh h\u1ecda \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Einstein, \u1edf h\u00ecnh b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh: \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t quan s\u00e1t vi\u00ean trong thang m\u00e1y k\u00edn, anh ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, b\u1eb1ng theo d\u00f5i qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea3 b\u00f3ng r\u01a1i, r\u1eb1ng anh ta \u0111ang \u1edf trong c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ee9ng y\u00ean tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, hay \u0111ang \u1edf trong t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ef1 do trong kh\u00f4ng gian v\u1edbi gia t\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng gia t\u1ed1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn.N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 r\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng quan s\u00e1t gi\u1eefa chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y g\u1ee3i ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u1edbi cho chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh: chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt r\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh n\u00e0y c\u0169ng cho ph\u00e9p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ra h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian theo ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecba. Trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ee9a h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 li\u00ean th\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o gradien c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. Kh\u00f4ng gian c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc Newton theo c\u00e1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00e0y v\u1eabn thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc Euclid ph\u1eb3ng. H\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i. Tuy nhi\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1eddi gian v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o r\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t th\u1eed kh\u00e1c nhau, khi d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c vect\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1eddi gian - k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u cho v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t (c\u00e1c vect\u01a1 ki\u1ec3u th\u1eddi gian, c\u00f3 4 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n t\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed9) - s\u1ebd cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c vect\u01a1 kh\u00e1c nhau d\u1ecdc theo qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t; hay n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, li\u00ean th\u00f4ng Newton kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (c\u00e1c vect\u01a1 v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c khi d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n song song v\u1edbi vect\u01a1 ban \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1eefa). T\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0 cong. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ph\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn Newton ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7p bi\u1ebfn, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 quy chi\u1ebfu qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh to\u00e0n c\u1ee5c v\u00e0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u0111\u00fang trong m\u1ecdi h\u1ec7 t\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed9. Theo c\u00e1ch mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng th\u1ee7y tri\u1ec1u \u2014 gia t\u1ed1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 g\u1ea7n nhau khi r\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do \u2014 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a li\u00ean th\u00f4ng, ch\u1ec9 ra h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.", "N\u1ebfu m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn Newton c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc th\u00ec c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00ednh (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c nh\u1ecf. Theo ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng: khi b\u1ecf qua \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadt l\u00fd tu\u00e2n theo b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn Lorentz gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i h\u1eb9p h\u01a1n l\u00e0 tu\u00e2n theo b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn Galileo nh\u01b0 trong c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n. (Nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i h\u1eb9p l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m Poincar\u00e9 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 ph\u00e9p t\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ph\u00e9p quay.) S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i h\u1eb9p tr\u1edf l\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t khi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt c\u00f3 v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, v\u00e0 khi x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.V\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng Lorentz, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u00eam nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1edbi. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p n\u00f3n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng (xem h\u00ecnh b\u00ean tr\u00e1i). C\u00e1c n\u00f3n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3: \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n A, v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n, ho\u1eb7c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn A ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi A th\u00f4ng qua t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng (nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n B trong h\u00ecnh), v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn A (nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n C trong h\u00ecnh). T\u1eadp n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1eadp nh\u1eefng quan s\u00e1t vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. Khi g\u1eafn v\u1edbi tuy\u1ebfn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (world-lines) c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t r\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do, ch\u00fang ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng nh\u1eb1m kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i m\u00eatric n\u1eeda-Riemannian c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng th\u1eddi gian, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1ng v\u00f4 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u01b0\u01a1ng. Theo thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00ean c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ea3o gi\u00e1c.Thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i h\u1eb9p kh\u00f4ng mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, do v\u1eady c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 cho nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. B\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn Newton n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn gi\u1eefa hai v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ee9c th\u00ec, kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 ch\u00fang \u1edf c\u00e1ch xa bao nhi\u00eau (hay t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 quy chi\u1ebfu qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh to\u00e0n c\u1ee5c), do v\u1eady l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft Newton vi ph\u1ea1m b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn Lorentz. Khi t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, b\u1eb1ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 r\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do, c\u00e1ch l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng: kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 quy chi\u1ebfu qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh to\u00e0n c\u1ee5c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t. Thay v\u00ec v\u1eady ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 quy chi\u1ebfu qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 \"x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9\" di chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecdc theo qu\u1ef9 \u0111ao h\u1ea1t r\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do. Chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng th\u1eddi gian: nh\u1eefng tuy\u1ebfn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1eb3ng ki\u1ec3u th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ec7 quy chi\u1ebfu qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn (Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 khi th\u1ea3 hai qu\u1ea3 b\u00f3ng r\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do, t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang r\u01a1i song song v\u1edbi nhau nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang g\u1eb7p nhau t\u1ea1i t\u00e2m Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, hay qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o hai qu\u1ea3 b\u00f3ng b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau khi c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn.) v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y g\u1ee3i ra r\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb ph\u1eb3ng sang cong.Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u h\u1ec7 quy chi\u1ebfu c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 m\u1edbi g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi v\u1eadt r\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do c\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 quy chi\u1ebfu m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i h\u1eb9p th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n \u2014 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng trong ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb h\u1ecdc c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n. B\u1eb1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 quy chi\u1ebfu t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i h\u1eb9p (nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 quy chi\u1ebfu g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t-ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, hay h\u1ec7 quy chi\u1ebfu r\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do), ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn ra nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c nhau cho hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ecf do h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng khi n\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n qua tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn (xem b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi). Nh\u1eefng \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng lan truy\u1ec1n trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 quy chi\u1ebfu r\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do c\u00f3 qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi khi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng lan truy\u1ec1n trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 quy chi\u1ebfu qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i h\u1eb9p. V\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng lan truy\u1ec1n trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u00f3 qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 khi n\u00f3 lan truy\u1ec1n trong h\u1ec7 quy chi\u1ebfu \u0111ang gia t\u1ed1c v\u1edbi gia t\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng gia t\u1ed1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. T\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t h\u00f3a ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u \"c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i h\u1eb9p th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 t\u1ed1t trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 quy chi\u1ebfu r\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do (v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng quay)\", c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng Einstein, m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean l\u00fd n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t.C\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111o b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u2014 th\u1eddi gian ri\u00eang, thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ecdc \u2014 kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i h\u1eb9p (h\u00e0m \u00fd th\u1eddi gian b\u1ecb cong). Trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng th\u1eddi gian, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng m\u00eatric Minkowski. Nh\u01b0 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn Newton, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y g\u1ee3i ra l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i r\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3. \u1ede quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf, m\u1ecdi h\u1ec7 quy chi\u1ebfu r\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng m\u00eatric Minkowski. H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc Minkowski th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng gian cong. Tenx\u01a1 m\u00eatric x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00ean c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc \u2014 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i v\u00e0 g\u00f3c \u2014 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi m\u00eatric Minkowski c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i h\u1eb9p, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u00eatric t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a m\u00eatric \u0111a t\u1ea1p gi\u1ea3-Riemann. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, m\u1ed7i m\u00eatric Riemann \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i li\u00ean th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, li\u00ean th\u00f4ng Levi-Civita, v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf li\u00ean th\u00f4ng n\u00e0y th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n nguy\u00ean l\u00fd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho kh\u00f4ng th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng th\u1eddi gian Minkowski (c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 khi ch\u1ecdn h\u1ec7 t\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, tenx\u01a1 m\u00eatric c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i r\u1ed9ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh tenx\u01a1 m\u00eatric Minkowski, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1o h\u00e0m ri\u00eang b\u1eadc nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 li\u00ean th\u00f4ng tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau - t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u1edf h\u1ec7 to\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 n\u00e0y). Tenx\u01a1 m\u00eatric th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng th\u1eddi gian, n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00ean h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t th\u1eed.", "C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00ednh t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng. M\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch tr\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecba: tr\u1ee5c quay c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con quay trong kh\u00f4ng th\u1eddi gian cong s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch \u0111i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh con quay di chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o khi so s\u00e1nh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf r\u1ea5t xa, nh\u01b0 ng\u00f4i sao ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n\u2014cho d\u00f9 con quay c\u1ed1 gi\u1eef h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ee5c quay c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng. Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \"chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch song song\" c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t vect\u01a1 tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecba trong \u0111a t\u1ea1p cong. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng\u2013Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, khi coi M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \"vect\u01a1\", hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chi\u1ebfu tia laser l\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m ph\u1ea3n quang \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng do c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 du h\u00e0nh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i khi \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 l\u00ean M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea7m M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng). G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng tr\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n 0,3% t\u1eeb b\u1ed1n con quay h\u1ed3i chuy\u1ec3n si\u00eau d\u1eabn \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean v\u1ec7 tinh Gravity Probe B quay tr\u00ean qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ef1c quanh Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t.Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t thi\u00ean th\u1ec3 quay quanh tr\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c cao, hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn t\u1eeb hay hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng k\u00e9o h\u1ec7 quy chi\u1ebfu. M\u1ed9t quan s\u00e1t vi\u00ean \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed xa s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y v\u1eadt th\u1eed \u1edf g\u1ea7n thi\u00ean th\u1ec3 quay b\u1ecb \"k\u00e9o theo\" chi\u1ec1u quay c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3. Hi\u1ec7n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 \u1edf v\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1eddi gian quanh l\u1ed7 \u0111en quay, v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng m\u00eatric Kerr. Khi ta m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o \"v\u00f9ng s\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng\" c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7 \u0111en, vi\u1ec7c n\u00f3 b\u1ecb k\u00e9o theo chi\u1ec1u quay c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7 \u0111en l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c con quay h\u1ed3i chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecba ta c\u0169ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1ec7 tinh LAGEOS \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y. T\u00e0u th\u0103m d\u00f2 Mars Global Surveyor th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m Sao H\u1ecfa c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1eeb t\u00e0u Gravity Probe B c\u0169ng x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng 15%.", "gi\u00e2y. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau ra t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1980 v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 quan s\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 h\u1ecdc c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 n\u1ec1n v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y v\u1ec1 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 n\u1ec1n vi s\u00f3ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y. Tuy th\u1ebf, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t kh\u00e1c nhau m\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n n\u00e0o l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t n\u1ebfu r\u00fat ra t\u1eeb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m. M\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u1edbn h\u01a1n n\u1eefa trong v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 s\u01a1 khai, tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 h\u1ecdc ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i k\u1ef3 d\u1ecb c\u1ee7a V\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 l\u1edbn. C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u01a1 khai n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, m\u00e0 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (xem ph\u1ea7n H\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi).", "Trong thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i r\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng v\u1eadt n\u00e0o c\u00f3 v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng ho\u1eb7c v\u01b0\u1ee3t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0o t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n A c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed X tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng g\u1eedi t\u1eeb A \u0111\u1ebfn X (xem th\u00eam ph\u1ea7n Chuy\u1ec3n sang t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00ednh \u1edf tr\u00ean). H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ecdi tuy\u1ebfn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng (light worldline-hay \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00f4ng) ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng th\u1eddi gian. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Penrose\u2013Carter trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng gian l\u1edbn v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian l\u1edbn v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c co l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch compact h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eeba v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u1ecf, trong khi v\u1eabn cho ph\u00e9p \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nghi\u00eang 45\u00b0 ho\u1eb7c 135\u00b0 nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Minkowski.Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3, nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc Roger Penrose v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ra h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc to\u00e0n c\u1ee5c. Trong h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t (ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecd nghi\u1ec7m) c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Einstein, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng li\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n cho m\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecba, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Raychaudhuri, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t (nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng) v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 suy ra c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t.", "Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00ednh t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t. Trong l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft Einstein, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a chung cho m\u1ed9t thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 t\u1ed5ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (hay n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng). L\u00fd do ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn\u2014nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadt l\u00fd kh\u00e1c\u2014 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1n cho m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a (hay \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1ee9) n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u1edf ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9).M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed5ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 (kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u00e0n c\u1ee5c), ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \"quan s\u00e1t vi\u00ean \u1edf xa v\u00f4 t\u1eadn\" (kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ADM) ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p (kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Komar). N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta tr\u1eeb v\u00e0o t\u1ed5ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 b\u1edfi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng do s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn mang ra xa v\u00f4 t\u1eadn, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Bondi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi quan s\u00e1t vi\u00ean \u1edf xa v\u00f4 t\u1eadn. C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 trong v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng) to\u00e0n c\u1ee5c v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4men \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ee5c. C\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, nh\u01b0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 c\u00f4 l\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00ean trong ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ee9a h\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eb1m thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 c\u00f3 \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 h\u1ec7 c\u00f4 l\u1eadp, nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc ph\u1ecfng \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00f2ng (hoop conjecture).", "H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00f2a \u00e1n th\u00f4ng qua T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c th\u1ea9m v\u00e0 T\u01b0 ph\u00e1p, l\u00e0 t\u00f2a \u00e1n t\u1ed1i cao c\u1ee7a Rom\u00e2nia. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00f2a \u00e1n kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o, t\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u1eadn v\u00e0 t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0 ph\u00e1p Rom\u00e2nia b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd b\u1edfi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean lu\u1eadt d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t tra h\u1ecfi trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. T\u00f2a \u00e1n Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p (Curtea Constitu\u0163ional\u0103) ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 lu\u1eadt c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng qua tr\u01b0ng c\u1ea7u d\u00e2n \u00fd. Vi\u1ec7c gia nh\u1eadp EU n\u0103m 2007 \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, v\u00e0 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 ph\u00e1p, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c t\u01b0 ph\u00e1p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng tham nh\u0169ng.", "Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau, ban nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh Hybrid Theory v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t EP \u0111\u1eb7t theo t\u00ean m\u00ecnh. D\u00f9 sao, sau khi gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed Hybrid, h\u1ecd c\u00f9ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1i t\u00ean Linkin Park, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb b\u1edfi Bennington, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean \u1edf Santa Monica l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 Christine Emerson Reed Park, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh \"Lincoln Park\". Linkin Park \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n demo g\u1ed3m 9 b\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ty thu \u00e2m n\u0103m 1999. L\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u, h\u1ecd g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i s\u1ef1 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i t\u1eeb h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty thu \u00e2m, v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed b\u1ecb n\u1eb1m trong danh s\u00e1ch \u0111en c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ty. Trong l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3ng thu \u00e2m Warner Bros. b\u00e0y t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 th\u00edch th\u00fa v\u1edbi band. Jeff Blue c\u0169ng tham gia h\u00e3ng \u0111\u0129a sau khi t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c \u1edf Zomba. N\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng thu \u00e2m ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn cho band.", "Nesher T: Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n 2 ch\u1ed7 cho Kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n Israel.", "Doanh tr\u1ea1i Selimiye hay c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Doanh tr\u1ea1i Scutari (ti\u1ebfng Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3: Selimiye K\u0131\u015flas\u0131) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t doanh tr\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3 n\u1eb1m t\u1ea1i huy\u1ec7n \u00dcsk\u00fcdar m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Istanbul h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ch\u00e2u \u00c1 c\u1ee7a Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1800 b\u1edfi Sultan Selim III \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Ottoman \"Nizam-i Cedid \".", "C\u00e1c doanh tr\u1ea1i ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1edfi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng ti\u1ebfng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Armenia l\u00e0 Krikor Balyan \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1806 b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch. Theo l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a Sultan Mahmud II, ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c doanh tr\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u1edfi c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1825 v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 06 th\u00e1ng 02 n\u0103m 1828. Doanh tr\u1ea1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 (200 x 267 m\u00e9t) v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c di\u1ec5u h\u00e0nh l\u1edbn \u1edf khu trung t\u00e2m. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f3 ba t\u1ea7ng tr\u00ean v\u00e0 hai t\u1ea7ng c\u00e1nh ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng do \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh nghi\u00eang. Trong su\u1ed1t tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Sultan Abd\u00fclmecid, doanh tr\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o hai l\u1ea7n, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u0103m 1842-1843 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa trong hai n\u0103m 1849-1850. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a th\u00e1p cao b\u1ea3y t\u1ea7ng n\u1eb1m trong b\u1ed1n g\u00f3c, t\u1ea1o cho doanh tr\u1ea1i c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay.", "Shawn Peter Raul Mendes ( /\u02c8m\u025bnd\u025bz/, ph\u00e1t \u00e2m ti\u1ebfng B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha: [\u02c8m\u1ebdd\u0268\u0283]; sinh ng\u00e0y 8/8/1998) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ca s\u0129, nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Canada. Anh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2013, khi anh \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u00e1t cover l\u00ean m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Vine. Sau \u0111\u00f3, anh \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 Andrew Gertler v\u00e0 Island Records A&R Ziggy Chareton, v\u00e0 anh \u0111\u00e3 k\u00ed h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi h\u00e3ng thu \u00e2m. Mendes \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh EP \"The Shawn Mendes EP\" v\u00e0 album ph\u00f2ng thu \"Handwritten\", \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u01a1n \"Stitches\" c\u1ee7a anh l\u1ecdt v\u00e0o top 10 t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Canada, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i Anh. N\u0103m 2016, anh ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh album th\u1ee9 hai, \"Illuminate\" v\u00e0 \"Treat You Better\". C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u tr\u00ean Billboard 200 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9.", "L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4 g\u00e1i th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, Caroline \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo \u0111u\u1ed5i. Th\u00e1i phu nh\u00e2n Sophie g\u1ecdi b\u00e0 l\u00e0 \"C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa d\u1ec5 th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0110\u1ee9c\". B\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ea3 cho \u0110\u1ea1i C\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbc Karl c\u1ee7a \u00c1o, t\u1eebng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean cho ngai v\u00e0ng T\u00e2y Ban Nha v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 sau tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf La M\u00e3 Th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh. Karl \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u1edbi b\u00e0 n\u0103m 1703, v\u00e0 h\u00f4n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 vua Friedrich c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ed5 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch. Sau m\u1ea5y l\u1ea7n suy ngh\u0129, Caroline t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1704, v\u00ec b\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1eeb T\u00e2n gi\u00e1o Luther sang C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o. \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m sau, V\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1eadu Sophie Charlotte qua \u0111\u1eddi trong chuy\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 th\u0103m qu\u00ea nh\u00e0 Hanover. Caroline b\u1ecb suy s\u1ee5p, b\u00e0 vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 cho Leibniz, \"Tai h\u1ecda ch\u00f4n v\u00f9i t\u00f4i v\u1edbi n\u1ed7i \u0111au v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 hi v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1edbm \u0111i theo b\u00e0 \u1ea5y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u an \u1ee7i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i\"Th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1705, ch\u00e1u trai c\u1ee7a Sophie Charlotte, Georg August, Tuy\u1ec3n h\u1ea7u C\u00f4ng t\u1eed x\u1ee9 Hanover, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Ansbach, d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00ean gi\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u Caroline, v\u00ec cha anh ta Tuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebf h\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n con trai v\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng. L\u00e0 ch\u00e1u trai c\u1ee7a ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1eadu t\u1ef1, Georg August b\u1ecb g\u00e2y s\u1ee9c \u00e9p ph\u1ea3i k\u1ebft h\u00f4n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 con th\u1eeba k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1i h\u1ecda tuy\u1ec7t h\u1eadu cho gia t\u1ed9c Hanover. \u00d4ng nghe th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 Caroline \"nhan s\u1eafc v\u00f4 song v\u00e0 c\u00f3 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7\". \u00d4ng ta ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c t\u1ecf ra th\u00edch \"ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a\" b\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9 Anh \u0111\u00e3 t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt r\u1eb1ng Georg August \"s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa sau c\u00f4\". V\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n m\u00ecnh, Caroline kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb l\u1edbp ng\u1ee5y trang c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb c\u00f4ng t\u1eed \u1ea9n danh \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeba, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7u h\u00f4n m\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba k\u1ebf h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ecba Tuy\u1ec3n h\u1ea7u Hanover t\u1eeb ph\u1ee5 th\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 ba trong danh s\u00e1ch k\u1ebf v\u1ecb ngai v\u00e0ng Anh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0 con xa N\u1eef ho\u00e0ng Anne, sau t\u1ed5 m\u1eabu Tuy\u1ec3n h\u1ea7u Th\u00e1i phu nh\u00e2n Sophie v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 th\u00e2n t\u1ee9c Tuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebf h\u1ea7u.Ng\u00e0y 22 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1705, Caroline \u0111\u1ebfn Hanover cho \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 v\u1edbi Georg August; h\u1ecd k\u1ebft h\u00f4n v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 nguy\u1ec7n cung \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i Herrenhausen. Th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m sau, Caroline mang thai, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 C\u00f4ng t\u1eed Friedrich ch\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1707. V\u00e0i th\u00e1ng sau khi sinh, v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 7, Caroline m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1eadu m\u00f9a r\u1ea5t nguy k\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfp theo sau l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i. C\u1eadu b\u00e9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch li v\u1edbi b\u00e0, nh\u01b0ng Georg August v\u1eabn \u1edf b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh b\u00e0, v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng c\u0169ng b\u1ecb l\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn qua kh\u1ecfi. Trong b\u1ea3y n\u0103m ti\u1ebfp theo, Caroline c\u00f3 th\u00eam ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi con n\u1eefa, Anne, Amelia, v\u00e0 Caroline, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi \u1edf Hanover.", "L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4 g\u00e1i th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, Caroline \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo \u0111u\u1ed5i. Th\u00e1i phu nh\u00e2n Sophie g\u1ecdi b\u00e0 l\u00e0 \"C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa d\u1ec5 th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0110\u1ee9c\". B\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ea3 cho \u0110\u1ea1i C\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbc Karl c\u1ee7a \u00c1o, t\u1eebng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean cho ngai v\u00e0ng T\u00e2y Ban Nha v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 sau tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf La M\u00e3 Th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh. Karl \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u1edbi b\u00e0 n\u0103m 1703, v\u00e0 h\u00f4n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 vua Friedrich c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ed5 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch. Sau m\u1ea5y l\u1ea7n suy ngh\u0129, Caroline t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1704, v\u00ec b\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1eeb T\u00e2n gi\u00e1o Luther sang C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o. \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m sau, V\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1eadu Sophie Charlotte qua \u0111\u1eddi trong chuy\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 th\u0103m qu\u00ea nh\u00e0 Hanover. Caroline b\u1ecb suy s\u1ee5p, b\u00e0 vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 cho Leibniz, \"Tai h\u1ecda ch\u00f4n v\u00f9i t\u00f4i v\u1edbi n\u1ed7i \u0111au v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 hi v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1edbm \u0111i theo b\u00e0 \u1ea5y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u an \u1ee7i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i\"Th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1705, ch\u00e1u trai c\u1ee7a Sophie Charlotte, Georg August, Tuy\u1ec3n h\u1ea7u C\u00f4ng t\u1eed x\u1ee9 Hanover, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Ansbach, d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00ean gi\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u Caroline, v\u00ec cha anh ta Tuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebf h\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n con trai v\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng. L\u00e0 ch\u00e1u trai c\u1ee7a ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1eadu t\u1ef1, Georg August b\u1ecb g\u00e2y s\u1ee9c \u00e9p ph\u1ea3i k\u1ebft h\u00f4n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 con th\u1eeba k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1i h\u1ecda tuy\u1ec7t h\u1eadu cho gia t\u1ed9c Hanover. \u00d4ng nghe th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 Caroline \"nhan s\u1eafc v\u00f4 song v\u00e0 c\u00f3 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7\". \u00d4ng ta ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c t\u1ecf ra th\u00edch \"ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a\" b\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9 Anh \u0111\u00e3 t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt r\u1eb1ng Georg August \"s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa sau c\u00f4\". V\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n m\u00ecnh, Caroline kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb l\u1edbp ng\u1ee5y trang c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb c\u00f4ng t\u1eed \u1ea9n danh \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeba, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7u h\u00f4n m\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba k\u1ebf h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ecba Tuy\u1ec3n h\u1ea7u Hanover t\u1eeb ph\u1ee5 th\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 ba trong danh s\u00e1ch k\u1ebf v\u1ecb ngai v\u00e0ng Anh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0 con xa N\u1eef ho\u00e0ng Anne, sau t\u1ed5 m\u1eabu Tuy\u1ec3n h\u1ea7u Th\u00e1i phu nh\u00e2n Sophie v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 th\u00e2n t\u1ee9c Tuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebf h\u1ea7u.Ng\u00e0y 22 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1705, Caroline \u0111\u1ebfn Hanover cho \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 v\u1edbi Georg August; h\u1ecd k\u1ebft h\u00f4n v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 nguy\u1ec7n cung \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i Herrenhausen. Th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m sau, Caroline mang thai, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 C\u00f4ng t\u1eed Friedrich ch\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1707. V\u00e0i th\u00e1ng sau khi sinh, v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 7, Caroline m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1eadu m\u00f9a r\u1ea5t nguy k\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfp theo sau l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i. C\u1eadu b\u00e9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch li v\u1edbi b\u00e0, nh\u01b0ng Georg August v\u1eabn \u1edf b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh b\u00e0, v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng c\u0169ng b\u1ecb l\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn qua kh\u1ecfi. Trong b\u1ea3y n\u0103m ti\u1ebfp theo, Caroline c\u00f3 th\u00eam ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi con n\u1eefa, Anne, Amelia, v\u00e0 Caroline, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi \u1edf Hanover.", "John William Coltrane, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00ean \"Trane\" (23 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1926 \u2013 17 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1967), l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u1ea1c c\u00f4ng saxophone v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 so\u1ea1n nh\u1ea1c jazz. V\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p, Coltrane ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ch\u01a1i bebop v\u00e0 hard bop, \u00f4ng ti\u00ean phong vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng mode trong jazz v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a free jazz. Trong su\u1ed1t s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p, Coltrane \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u00edt nh\u1ea5t n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i album v\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ec9 huy (leader), v\u00e0 g\u00f3p m\u1eb7t trong r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u album c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0 nh\u1ea1c c\u00f4ng trumpet Miles Davis v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 piano Thelonious Monk.", "Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1541, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Todar Mal Khatri, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf Sur.  C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh n\u0103m 1548. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ecb ch\u1eadm do c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c Gakhar \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u00ea l\u00e0m lao c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Mogul cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng, khi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c Gakhar tham gia v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i.", "Sau khi Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh n\u0103m 1976, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc do Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p n\u0103m 1940 \u0111\u1ec1 ra, C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Cuba \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a. Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a n\u0103m 1992, hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n nay, tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn d\u1eaft b\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Jos\u00e9 Mart\u00ed, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a M\u00e1c, Engels v\u00e0 L\u00eanin. Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n nay c\u0169ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Cuba (PCC) l\u00e0 \"l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.\" T\u1ed5ng b\u00ed th\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, Miguel D\u00edaz-Canel, hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc (Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Cuba) v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng (th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Cuba). C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u do Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n b\u1ea7u. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Cuba, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng do qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i b\u1ea7u, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 n\u0103m n\u0103m v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5. Fidel Castro \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch t\u1eeb khi Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua n\u0103m 1976 khi \u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf Osvaldo Dortic\u00f3s Torrado. T\u00f2a \u00e1n t\u1ed1i cao Cuba l\u00e0 nh\u00e1nh t\u01b0 ph\u00e1p cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 t\u00f2a \u0111\u01b0a ra ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c phi\u00ean ph\u00fac th\u1ea9m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.", "Th\u1ec3 thao l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m \u0111am m\u00ea qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a Cuba. V\u00ec nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1edbi Hoa K\u1ef3, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Cuba y\u00eau th\u00edch nh\u1eefng m\u00f4n th\u1ec3 thao ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i B\u1eafc M\u1ef9, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c m\u00f4n th\u1ec3 thao truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 Latinh kh\u00e1c. B\u00f3ng ch\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u00f4n th\u1ec3 thao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a th\u00edch nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y; c\u00e1c m\u00f4n th\u1ec3 thao v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed kh\u00e1c \u1edf Cuba g\u1ed3m b\u00f3ng r\u1ed5, b\u00f3ng chuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1n kinh. Cuba r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh trong m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ea5m b\u1ed1c nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111o\u1ea1t huy ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c thi qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf l\u1edbn.", "Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 nh\u00f3m tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft nh\u00f3m l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c mi\u00eau t\u00ecm ra nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111a th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 b\u1eadc l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 4. Nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 \u00c9variste Galois, b\u1eb1ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a Paolo Ruffini v\u00e0 Joseph-Louis Lagrange, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111a th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t tu\u00e2n theo nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m Galois n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ho\u00e1n v\u1ecb nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7m. L\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u, \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Galois b\u1ecb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i, v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n sau khi \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m ho\u00e1n v\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 b\u1edfi Augustin Louis Cauchy. Lu\u1eadn \u00e1n c\u1ee7a Arthur Cayley On the theory of groups, as depending on the symbolic equation \u03b8n = 1 (1854) \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 nh\u00f3m h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n.H\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c th\u1ee9 hai m\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Erlangen c\u1ee7a Felix Klein n\u0103m 1872. Sau khi nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc hyperbolic v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc x\u1ea1 \u1ea3nh m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i l\u00ean, Klein s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00fang theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111i xa h\u01a1n v\u1edbi Sophus Lie nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u00f3m Lie v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1884.L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c th\u1ee9 ba \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft nh\u00f3m l\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft s\u1ed1. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00f3m Abel nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u1ea7m \u00fd trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft s\u1ed1 Disquisitiones Arithmeticae c\u1ee7a Carl Friedrich Gauss (1798), v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 h\u01a1n trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Leopold Kronecker. N\u0103m 1847, Ernst Kummer th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0110\u1ecbnh l\u00fd cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Fermat b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u00f3m mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n t\u1eed h\u00f3a (nh\u00f3m l\u1edbp) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1.S\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft nh\u00f3m th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Camille Jordan Trait\u00e9 des substitutions et des \u00e9quations alg\u00e9briques (1870). Walther von Dyck (1882) \u0111\u01b0a ra ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ti\u00ean phong v\u1ec1 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n nh\u00f3m h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a Ferdinand Georg Frobenius v\u00e0 William Burnside, l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n modular c\u1ee7a Richard Brauer v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Issai Schur. L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft nh\u00f3m Lie, v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m compact \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Hermann Weyl, \u00c9lie Cartan v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. M\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi n\u00f3, l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ed1, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Claude Chevalley nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u (t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1930) v\u00e0 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Armand Borel v\u00e0 Jacques Tits.N\u0103m L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft Nh\u00f3m 1960-61 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1edfi \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Chicago thu h\u00fat c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft nh\u00f3m l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau nh\u01b0 Daniel Gorenstein, John G. Thompson v\u00e0 Walter Feit, \u0111\u1eb7t ra n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c, m\u00e0 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c, trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1982. D\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 b\u1edfi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1edbn, \u1edf c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i b\u00e1o ch\u1ee9ng minh v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a ch\u1ee9ng minh s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y. Ng\u00e0y nay l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft nh\u00f3m v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c.", "Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c l\u1edbp l\u00e2n c\u1eadn (coset) c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t lu\u1eadt nh\u00f3m, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nh\u00f3m th\u01b0\u01a1ng hay nh\u00f3m nh\u00e2n t\u1eed. N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, nh\u00f3m con ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n t\u1eafc. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 nh\u00f3m con chu\u1ea9n t\u1eafc N, nh\u00f3m th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0", "Nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ed1, nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 h\u1eefu t\u1ec9 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u00f3m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 h\u1eefu t\u1ec9, c\u1ea3 ph\u00e9p c\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e9p nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0m xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u00f3m. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t h\u01a1n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00e0nh v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 m\u00f4 \u0111un, kh\u00f4ng gian vect\u01a1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nh\u00f3m to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc.", "Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m Abel sinh h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n l\u00e0 kh\u00e1 k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng, bao g\u1ed3m \"\u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 nh\u00f3m Abel sinh h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n; v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m nh\u00f3m li\u00ean quan nh\u01b0 trung t\u00e2m v\u00e0 giao ho\u00e1n t\u1eed, mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng cho nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m phi Abel.", "Nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 nh\u00f3m Mathieu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3t n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh sai s\u1ed1 trong vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u0129a CD. M\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft Galois vi ph\u00e2n, m\u00e0 h\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng h\u00f3a c\u00f3 nguy\u00ean h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a d\u1ea1ng cho tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111em l\u1ea1i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft nh\u00f3m khi nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh vi ph\u00e2n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1t. C\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc.", "GL(n, R) ch\u1ee9a m\u1ecdi ma tr\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 ngh\u1ecbch n x n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed th\u1ef1c. C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m con c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m ma tr\u1eadn hay nh\u00f3m tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecb di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m ma tr\u1eadn (c\u00f3 b\u1eadc r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf). M\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ma tr\u1eadn quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m tr\u1ef1c giao \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t SO(n). N\u00f3 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ph\u00e9p quay kh\u1ea3 d\u0129 trong kh\u00f4ng gian n chi\u1ec1u. Th\u00f4ng qua g\u00f3c Euler, ma tr\u1eadn quay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda vi t\u00ednh.L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m nh\u00f3m nh\u01b0ng m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u1edf m\u1ee9c s\u00e2u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m. N\u00f3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u00f3m th\u00f4ng qua t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng nh\u00f3m tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng gian kh\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t l\u1edbp r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n nh\u00f3m l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n tuy\u1ebfn tinh, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u00f3m t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00ean m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian vect\u01a1, nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng gian Euclid 3 chi\u1ec1u R3. Bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a G tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian vect\u01a1 th\u1ef1c n chi\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea5u nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n", "GL(n, R) ch\u1ee9a m\u1ecdi ma tr\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 ngh\u1ecbch n x n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed th\u1ef1c. C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m con c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m ma tr\u1eadn hay nh\u00f3m tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecb di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m ma tr\u1eadn (c\u00f3 b\u1eadc r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf). M\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ma tr\u1eadn quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m tr\u1ef1c giao \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t SO(n). N\u00f3 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ph\u00e9p quay kh\u1ea3 d\u0129 trong kh\u00f4ng gian n chi\u1ec1u. Th\u00f4ng qua g\u00f3c Euler, ma tr\u1eadn quay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda vi t\u00ednh.L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m nh\u00f3m nh\u01b0ng m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u1edf m\u1ee9c s\u00e2u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m. N\u00f3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u00f3m th\u00f4ng qua t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng nh\u00f3m tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng gian kh\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t l\u1edbp r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n nh\u00f3m l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n tuy\u1ebfn tinh, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u00f3m t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00ean m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian vect\u01a1, nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng gian Euclid 3 chi\u1ec1u R3. Bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a G tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian vect\u01a1 th\u1ef1c n chi\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea5u nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n", "Khi ho\u00e1n v\u1ecb d\u1ea5u \"+\" v\u00e0 \"\u2212\" trong c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, hay t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi ho\u00e1n v\u1ecb hai nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n nh\u00f3m (m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n). C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 cho ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eadc ba v\u00e0 b\u1eadc b\u1ed1n, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t cho ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eadc n\u0103m v\u00e0 b\u1eadc cao h\u01a1n. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m Galois \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi \u0111a th\u1ee9c (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c) \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho nh\u1eefng \u0111a th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ch\u1ec9 bao g\u1ed3m ph\u00e9p c\u1ed9ng, nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u0103n th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u1edf tr\u00ean.V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n n\u00f3 sang l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u0111a th\u1ee9c. L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft Galois hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t h\u00f3a nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i nh\u00f3m Galois \u1edf tr\u00ean th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp l\u00ean\u2014th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft Galois\u2014m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c gi\u1eefa nh\u00f3m v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa s\u1ef1 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m trong to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc.", "Nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecb di\u1ec7n (n\u00eau \u1edf tr\u00ean) l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n c\u00f3 b\u1eadc 8. B\u1eadc c\u1ee7a r1 l\u00e0 4, hay ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1eadc c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m con R m\u00e0 n\u00f3 sinh ra(xem \u1edf tr\u00ean). B\u1eadc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 fvv.v b\u1eb1ng 2. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a 8 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00fd Lagrange ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n. Nh\u00f3m Fp\u00d7 \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00f3 b\u1eadc p \u2212 1.", "C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i (ho\u1eb7c danh s\u00e1ch) \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0y nhanh ch\u00f3ng d\u1eabn t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc trong to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc. Theo \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00fd Lagrange, nh\u00f3m h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n b\u1eadc p, v\u1edbi p l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1, c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m xilic (Abel) Zp. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 b\u1eadc p2 l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m Abel, nh\u01b0ng ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u00fang khi t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t h\u00f3a cho nh\u00f3m b\u1eadc p3, v\u00ec nh\u00f3m phi Abel D4 c\u00f3 b\u1eadc 8 = 23 nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 ra \u1edf tr\u00ean. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea ra nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi nh\u00f3m h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n. M\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc trung gian l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n. Nh\u00f3m kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m con chu\u1ea9n t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u1ecbnh l\u00fd Jordan\u2013H\u00f6lder ch\u1ec9 ra c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean g\u1ea1ch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho m\u1ecdi nh\u00f3m h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea ra m\u1ecdi nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft nh\u00f3m hi\u1ec7n nay. Richard Borcherds gi\u00e0nh Huy ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Fields n\u0103m 1998 nh\u1edd ch\u1ee9ng minh th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ph\u1ecfng \u0111o\u00e1n qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt gi\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edfng (monstrous moonshine conjectures), m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 gi\u1eef nh\u00f3m b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t (the largest finite simple sporadic group)\u2014 \"nh\u00f3m qu\u1ef7\"\u2014v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00e0m m\u00f4\u0111ula nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trong gi\u1ea3i t\u00edch ph\u1ee9c c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, v\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y, l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.", "C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i (ho\u1eb7c danh s\u00e1ch) \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0y nhanh ch\u00f3ng d\u1eabn t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc trong to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc. Theo \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00fd Lagrange, nh\u00f3m h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n b\u1eadc p, v\u1edbi p l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1, c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m xilic (Abel) Zp. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 b\u1eadc p2 l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m Abel, nh\u01b0ng ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u00fang khi t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t h\u00f3a cho nh\u00f3m b\u1eadc p3, v\u00ec nh\u00f3m phi Abel D4 c\u00f3 b\u1eadc 8 = 23 nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 ra \u1edf tr\u00ean. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea ra nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi nh\u00f3m h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n. M\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc trung gian l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n. Nh\u00f3m kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m con chu\u1ea9n t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u1ecbnh l\u00fd Jordan\u2013H\u00f6lder ch\u1ec9 ra c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean g\u1ea1ch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho m\u1ecdi nh\u00f3m h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea ra m\u1ecdi nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft nh\u00f3m hi\u1ec7n nay. Richard Borcherds gi\u00e0nh Huy ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Fields n\u0103m 1998 nh\u1edd ch\u1ee9ng minh th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ph\u1ecfng \u0111o\u00e1n qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt gi\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edfng (monstrous moonshine conjectures), m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 gi\u1eef nh\u00f3m b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t (the largest finite simple sporadic group)\u2014 \"nh\u00f3m qu\u1ef7\"\u2014v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00e0m m\u00f4\u0111ula nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trong gi\u1ea3i t\u00edch ph\u1ee9c c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, v\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y, l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.", "Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m v\u00e0 l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc cho nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1c. Trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ea1m tr\u00f9, ch\u00fang l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 nh\u00f3m trong m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m tr\u00f9, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 l\u00e0m v\u00ed d\u1ee5 cho nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c) \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u x\u1ea1- morphism) m\u00e0 b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u00f3m. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ecdi nh\u00f3m (nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u1edf tr\u00ean) \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p, do v\u1eady m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m l\u00e0 v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 nh\u00f3m trong ph\u1ea1m tr\u00f9 c\u00e1c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p.", "C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng trong h\u1ec7 M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebd \u1edf h\u00ecnh b\u00ean ch\u1ee9a M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi, b\u1ed1n h\u00e0nh tinh v\u00f2ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao xung quanh b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t v\u00e0nh \u0111ai c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u h\u00e0nh tinh \u0111\u00e1, b\u1ed1n h\u00e0nh tinh kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao xung quanh b\u1edfi v\u00e0nh \u0111ai Kuiper ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c thi\u00ean th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f4i khi kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c chia c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t. H\u1ec7 M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi b\u00ean trong bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed1n h\u00e0nh tinh \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 v\u00e0nh \u0111ai ti\u1ec3u h\u00e0nh tinh ch\u00ednh. H\u1ec7 M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i n\u1eb1m b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0nh \u0111ai ti\u1ec3u h\u00e0nh tinh ch\u00ednh, bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed1n h\u00e0nh tinh kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. T\u1eeb khi kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra v\u00e0nh \u0111ai Kuiper, ph\u1ea7n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 n\u1eb1m b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i Sao H\u1ea3i V\u01b0\u01a1ng.Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Kepler v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u00ean th\u1ec3 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 quay quanh M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi. Theo \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Kepler, m\u1ed7i v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng theo qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh elip v\u1edbi M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau \u0111i\u1ec3m. C\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 g\u1ea7n M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi h\u01a1n (v\u1edbi b\u00e1n tr\u1ee5c l\u1edbn nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n) s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng nhanh h\u01a1n, do ch\u00fang ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi h\u01a1n. Tr\u00ean qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o elip, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb thi\u00ean th\u1ec3 t\u1edbi M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong m\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3 qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed thi\u00ean th\u1ec3 g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o, trong khi \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o xa nh\u1ea5t so v\u1edbi M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 vi\u1ec5n \u0111i\u1ec3m qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o. Trong h\u1ec7 M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi, qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh tinh g\u1ea7n tr\u00f2n, trong khi nhi\u1ec1u sao ch\u1ed5i, ti\u1ec3u h\u00e0nh tinh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0nh \u0111ai Kuiper c\u00f3 qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh elip r\u1ea5t d\u1eb9t.", "Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh tinh l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, tuy nhi\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u minh h\u1ecda v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi v\u1ebd kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh tinh \u0111\u1ec1u nhau. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh tinh hay v\u00e0nh \u0111ai n\u1eb1m c\u00e0ng xa M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi, th\u00ec kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, Sao Kim c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ebfn M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 0,33 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb thi\u00ean v\u0103n (AU) so v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb Sao Th\u1ee7y \u0111\u1ebfn M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi, trong khi c\u1ee7a Sao Th\u1ed5 c\u00e1ch xa 4,3 AU so v\u1edbi Sao M\u1ed9c, v\u00e0 Sao H\u1ea3i V\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch xa 10,5 AU so v\u1edbi Sao Thi\u00ean V\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh tinh (v\u00ed d\u1ee5, quy lu\u1eadt Titius-Bode), nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn.", "C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi ph\u00e1t ra m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n (plasma) g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gi\u00f3 M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi. D\u00f2ng h\u1ea1t n\u00e0y tr\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u1edbi v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c g\u1ea7n 1,5 tri\u1ec7u kil\u00f4m\u00e9t tr\u00ean gi\u1edd, t\u1ea1o ra v\u00f9ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n lo\u00e3ng (Nh\u1eadt quy\u1ec3n) th\u1ea5m v\u00e0o to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 H\u1ec7 M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 100 AU (xem Nh\u1eadt quy\u1ec3n). \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean h\u00e0nh tinh. C\u00e1c b\u00e3o t\u1eeb tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi, nh\u01b0 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi (en:solar flare) v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u1edf v\u00e0nh nh\u1eadt hoa (en:coronal mass ejection), g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5u lo\u1ea1n nh\u1eadt quy\u1ec3n, t\u1ea1o ra th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng gian. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong nh\u1eadt quy\u1ec3n l\u00e0 d\u1ea3i d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u1eadt quy\u1ec3n (en:heliospheric current sheet), m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng xo\u1eafn \u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra do ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng quay c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi l\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean h\u00e0nh tinh.", "V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 8 th\u00e1ng 3, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 b\u00e9 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c x\u1ea5u \u0111i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa s\u01a1 sinh qua \u0111\u1eddi l\u00fac 3:38 s\u00e1ng,khi m\u1edbi 5 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i. Thi\u00ean ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 ra l\u1ec7nh d\u1eebng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong ng\u00e0y;\u00f4ng c\u0169ng ra l\u1ec7nh cho m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y qu\u1ed1c tang. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 3, c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t trong m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i ngh\u0129a trang Toshimagaoka. Ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu b\u1ecb suy s\u1ee5p;b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t con b\u00fap b\u00ea c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi Sachiko trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a con n\u1eefa trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3.", "Khi c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb, Anne m\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 m\u1eaft, v\u1edbi tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ea3y n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 defluxion. \u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t b\u1ec7nh t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a con g\u00e1i, cha m\u1eb9 Anne g\u1eedi b\u00e0 sang Ph\u00e1p, s\u1ed1ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi b\u00e0 n\u1ed9i l\u00e0 ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu Henrietta Maria, t\u1ea1i Ch\u00e2teau de Colombes g\u1ea7n Paris. Sau khi H\u1ebbnietta Maria qua \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1669, Anne s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00ec, Henrietta Anne, n\u1eef c\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbc Orl\u00e9ans. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1670 th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00ec qua \u0111\u1eddi, Anne tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Anh. M\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 c\u0169ng m\u1ea5t v\u00e0o n\u0103m sau.", "Anne mang thai l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1699, v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 25 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1700, b\u00e0 h\u1ea1 sinh ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a con trai \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft l\u01b0u trong b\u1ee5ng m\u1eb9. B\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng mang thai \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3y l\u1ea7n qua 16 n\u0103m, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb s\u1ea9y thai ho\u1eb7c sinh con ch\u1ebft non \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 12 l\u1ea7n. Trong s\u1ed1 n\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi con c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t sau khi sinh, th\u00ec b\u1ed1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103m th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi. Anne b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh \"gout\" khi\u1ebfn b\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n \u0111au \u1edf tay ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng b\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u, s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1698. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ghi ch\u00e9p v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 s\u1ea9y thai li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Anne v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u00e0, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 Anne \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eafc ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh lupus erythematosus ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng Hughes. Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u1ec7nh vi\u00eam v\u00f9ng ch\u1eadu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0 c\u00f4 g\u1ea7n tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m thai k\u00ec \u00e1p ch\u00f3t. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c cho r\u1eb1ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n vi\u1ec7c Anne sinh kh\u00f3 l\u00e0 do listeriosis, ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1eadm ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a t\u1eed cung v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch rhesus (m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t trong h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u huy\u1ebft). Ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch rhesus th\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 h\u01a1n \u1edf nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n mang thai ti\u1ebfp theo, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Anne v\u00ec ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed Wiliam v\u1eabn ch\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi sau m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n mang thai ch\u1ebft l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9. C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia c\u0169ng lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n giang mai, porphyria v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1eadu cho vi\u1ec7c sinh kh\u00f3 c\u1ee7a Anne v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0.", "Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Mardon t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p n\u0103m 1985 chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd v\u0103n ho\u00e1 t\u1ea1i University of Lethbridge. \u00d4ng h\u1ecdc th\u1ea1c s\u0129 \u1edf South Dakota State University, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng theo h\u1ecdc the Space Studies Program, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea1c s\u0129 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1988. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u1ea5m b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea1c s\u0129 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1eeb Texas A&M University v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1990. Sau khi b\u1ecb ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n m\u1eafc ch\u1ee9ng t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n li\u1ec7t, \u00f4ng t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ecdc v\u1ecb ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 t\u1eeb Greenwich University. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea5m b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c t\u1ea1i Newman Theological College, Kharkov National University, v\u00e0 University of South Africa. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc v\u1ecb danh d\u1ef1 chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh lu\u1eadt (LL.D.) t\u1ea1i University of Alberta v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2011.", "Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea1c s\u0129 t\u1ea1i South Dakota State University n\u0103m 1986, ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Mardon nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eddi m\u1eddi l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean 1986-87  \u0111\u1ed9i vi\u1ec5n chinh ch\u00e2u Nam C\u1ef1c cho NASA v\u00e0 National Science Foundation. 170 d\u1eb7m t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1m Nam C\u1ef1c khi m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y thi\u00ean th\u1ea1ch. Trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn n\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e1o t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01a1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra ch\u1ee9ng ho v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eb7ng U.S. Congressional Antarctic Service Medal cho nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 hi sinh v\u1ebb vang.", "L\u1ec5 trao gi\u1ea3i Oscar l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 82 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n l\u00e2m Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh (AMPAS) nh\u1eb1m tuy\u00ean d\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 phim \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t trong n\u0103m 2009 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 7 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2010, t\u1ea1i R\u1ea1p Kodak (nay l\u00e0 r\u1ea1p Golby t\u1ea1i Trung t\u00e2m Hollywood & Highland) s\u1ed1 6801 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Hollywood, khu Hollywood, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Los Angeles, ti\u1ec3u bang California, Hoa K\u1ef3. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o l\u00fac 17:30 gi\u1edd PST / 20:30 gi\u1edd EST (08:30 Gi\u1edd chu\u1ea9n \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, ng\u00e0y 8 th\u00e1ng 3). L\u1ec5 trao gi\u1ea3i l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng ba, kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5 c\u00e1c n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng hai, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i M\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng 2010. Trong bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5, Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n l\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau danh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eed v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n l\u00e2m (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Gi\u1ea3i Oscar) v\u1ec1 24 h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c. Bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 b\u1edfi \u0111\u00e0i truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh ABC. D\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 hai di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean Alec Baldwin v\u00e0 Steve Martin. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 ba Martin d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh l\u1ec5 trao gi\u1ea3i Oscar, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 tham gia d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i Gi\u1ea3i Oscar l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 73 v\u00e0 Gi\u1ea3i Oscar l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 75; \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean Baldwin d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb Gi\u1ea3i Oscar l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 59, l\u1ec5 trao gi\u1ea3i Oscar l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 82 l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi.Ng\u00e0y 24 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 2009, ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n l\u00e2m Sid Ganis tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb b\u00e1o ch\u00ed r\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng, l\u1ec5 Oscar n\u0103m 2010 s\u1ebd bao g\u1ed3m 10 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eed Gi\u1ea3i Oscar cho phim xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 5, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb Gi\u1ea3i Oscar l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 16 (t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103m 1944). Ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2010, trong m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5 t\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n Beverly Wilshire, Beverly Hills, California, Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n l\u00e2m cho Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 Elizabeth Banks.The Hurt Locker chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng t\u1ea1i 6 h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c, g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 Phim xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t, \u0110\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t cho Kathryn Bigelow, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i Oscar cho \u0110\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 phim kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng t\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 trao gi\u1ea3i l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Avatar t\u1ea1i ba h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c, Crazy Heart, Precious: Based on the Novel \"Push\" by Sapphire, v\u00e0 Up, t\u1ea1i hai h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c, v\u00e0 The Cove, Inglourious Basterds, The Blind Side, Logorama, Music by Prudence, The New Tenants, The Secret in Their Eyes, Star Trek, v\u00e0 The Young Victoria t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c. G\u1ea7n 42 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi (t\u1ea1i B\u1eafc M\u1ef9) \u0111\u00e3 theo d\u00f5i bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5 l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, khi\u1ebfn l\u1ec5 trao gi\u1ea3i Oscar l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 82 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5 Oscar c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb Gi\u1ea3i Oscar l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 77 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2005.", "\u0110\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn virus (th\u00ed d\u1ee5 virus c\u1ea3m c\u00fam ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u virus \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt) \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u m\u00e0ng b\u1ecdc virus (ch\u1eef Anh: viral envelope), c\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 che \u0111\u1eady b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc. V\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0ng b\u1ecdc virus th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c \u1edf m\u00e0ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a t\u00fac ch\u1ee7 (mang d\u1eaft theo ph\u1ed1tpholip\u00edt v\u00e0 pr\u00f4t\u00eain), nh\u01b0ng m\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 bao h\u00e0m glic\u00f4pr\u00f4t\u00eain c\u1ee7a virus. M\u00e0ng b\u1ecdc virus gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 virus tr\u00e1nh n\u00e9 s\u1ef1 th\u1ecb s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a t\u00fac ch\u1ee7. Glic\u00f4pr\u00f4t\u00eain c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i m\u00e0ng b\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t th\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i m\u00e0ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a t\u00fac ch\u1ee7. Sau khi virus ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, m\u00e0ng b\u1ecdc virus s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111i\u1ec1u ho\u00e0 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi m\u00e0ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a t\u00fac ch\u1ee7, khi\u1ebfn cho v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 gen c\u1ee7a virus c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ebf b\u00e0o t\u00fac ch\u1ee7.", "T\u00e0u qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o Sao Kim v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 23 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1975. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u01a1le truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng cho c\u00e1c lander v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp m\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m:- Quang ph\u1ed5 k\u1ebf h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i 1,6-2,8 \u03bcm", "Th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda \u0111\u1eadp Brumadinho x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 25 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2019, khi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eadp ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i m\u1ecf qu\u1eb7ng s\u1eaft \u1edf Brumadinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil, \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ee1. Con \u0111\u1eadp thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a Vale, c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda \u0111\u1eadp Bento Coleues n\u0103m 2015. \u0110\u1eadp Barragem I, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ty khai th\u00e1c m\u1ecf Vale S.A., \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y b\u00f9n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n g\u1ea7n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1.", "H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Olympic ch\u00e2u \u00c1 (OCA) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 thao t\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u \u00c1, v\u1edbi 45 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng th\u00e2n Sheikh Fahad Al-Sabah. Qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee6y ban Olympic qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IOC) c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn n\u0103m 1912; v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng Timor l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t, gia nh\u1eadp n\u0103m 2003. Tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Kuwait.", "H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Olympic ch\u00e2u \u00c1 (OCA) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 thao t\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u \u00c1, v\u1edbi 45 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng th\u00e2n Sheikh Fahad Al-Sabah. Qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee6y ban Olympic qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IOC) c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn n\u0103m 1912; v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng Timor l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t, gia nh\u1eadp n\u0103m 2003. Tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Kuwait.", "Preah Ko bao g\u1ed3m s\u00e1u th\u00e1p g\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh hai h\u00e0ng, m\u1ed7i h\u00e0ng ba th\u00e1p, m\u1ed7i th\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e1. C\u00e1c th\u00e1p m\u1eb7t \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 th\u00e1p ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i trung t\u00e2m l\u00e0 th\u00e1p cao nh\u1ea5t. Ng\u1ecdn th\u00e1p ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0nh cho Jayavarman II, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf Khmer.", "Wolf 359 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i sao l\u00f9n \u0111\u1ecf n\u1eb1m trong ch\u00f2m sao Leo, g\u1ea7n Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea1o. \u1ede kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch kho\u1ea3ng 7,9 n\u0103m \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1eeb Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5p sao bi\u1ec3u ki\u1ebfn 13,54 v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng k\u00ednh thi\u00ean v\u0103n l\u1edbn. Wolf 359 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i sao g\u1ea7n M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t; ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Alpha Centauri (bao g\u1ed3m Proxima Centauri), Sao Barnard v\u00e0 c\u00e1c sao l\u00f9n n\u00e2u Luhman 16 v\u00e0 WISE 0855\u22120714 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f3 c\u1ef1 ly g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n. S\u1ef1 g\u1ea7n g\u0169i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3 trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u.", "N\u1ed9i dung c\u1ea7u l\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i M\u00f9a h\u00e8 2016 t\u1ea1i Rio de Janeiro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n ra t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 11 t\u1edbi 20 th\u00e1ng 8 t\u1ea1i Nh\u00e0 thi \u0111\u1ea5u s\u1ed1 4 c\u1ee7a Riocentro. C\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 172 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean tham d\u1ef1 5 n\u1ed9i dung: \u0111\u01a1n nam, \u0111\u00f4i nam, \u0111\u01a1n n\u1eef, \u0111\u00f4i n\u1eef v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i nam n\u1eef.T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c n\u0103m 2012, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa v\u00f2ng b\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ea1i k\u1ef3 Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u00f4i, Li\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ea7u l\u00f4ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea5u sau nh\u1eefng v\u1ee5 b\u00ea b\u1ed1i d\u00e0n x\u1ebfp t\u1ec9 s\u00f4 \u1edf k\u1ef3 Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p x\u1ebfp th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea5u s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1c th\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 \u1edf v\u00f2ng ti\u1ebfp theo, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed7i b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u1ea1i v\u00f2ng lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kho\u1ea3ng 8.400 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7u.", "T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng George H. W. Bush nhanh ch\u00f3ng th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng Hoa K\u1ef3 s\u1ebd tung ra m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch \"b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n\" nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n Iraq t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u1ea2 R\u1eadp X\u00ea \u00dat \u2013 \"Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch L\u00e1 ch\u1eafn sa m\u1ea1c\" \u2013 v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n t\u1edbi \u1ea2 R\u1eadp X\u00ea \u00dat ng\u00e0y 7 th\u00e1ng 8. Ng\u00e0y 8 th\u00e1ng 8, Iraq tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Kuwait s\u1ebd b\u1ecb s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o qu\u1eadn Basra v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9 19 c\u1ee7a Iraq.", "D\u00f9 nh\u1eefng v\u1ee5 vi ph\u1ea1m nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Iraq tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau khi x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm Kuwait \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Kuwait \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Ngay sau khi Iraq chi\u1ebfm Kuwait, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n cho m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc Kuwait t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1edf M\u1ef9. N\u00f3 thu\u00ea c\u00f4ng ty quan h\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang Hill and Knowlton v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 11 tri\u1ec7u dollar do ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Kuwait cung c\u1ea5p. C\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c binh s\u0129 Iraq l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00f4i nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb ra kh\u1ecfi l\u1ed3ng \u1ea5p trong c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Kuwait v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ch\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u00e0n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 d\u1ed1i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 ho\u00e1 ra l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Gia \u0111\u00ecnh ho\u00e0ng gia Kuwait s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i Paris khi x\u1ea3y ra chi\u1ebfn tranh, v\u00e0 v\u00ec th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf Iraq v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u1ea3y ra c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ed9i \u00e1c. (Xem Nurse Nayirah.)", "Nh\u1eefng v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c v\u0169 kh\u00ed d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c (hay \"bom th\u00f4ng minh\"), bom b\u1ea7y, BLU-82 \"daisy cutters\" v\u00e0 t\u00ean l\u1eeda h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh. Iraq tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00f3ng 8 t\u00ean l\u1eeda Scud v\u00e0o Israel ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a li\u00ean minh l\u00e0 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Iraq. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhanh ch\u00f3ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian x\u1ea3y ra cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn, kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n li\u00ean minh h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i n\u00e0o khi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. D\u00f9 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Iraq t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n, li\u00ean minh ch\u1ec9 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y bay trong ng\u00e0y m\u1edf m\u00e0n chi\u1ebfn tranh. M\u00e1y bay t\u00e0ng h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00ean l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng SAM d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a Iraq; khi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y xong nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u m\u00e1y bay kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111em ra s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n cao h\u01a1n. \u0110a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c phi v\u1ee5 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb \u1ea2 R\u1eadp X\u00ea \u00dat v\u00e0 s\u00e1u nh\u00f3m t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay c\u1ee7a li\u00ean minh \u1edf V\u1ecbnh P\u00e9c-x\u00edch.", "C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ee7a li\u00ean qu\u00e2n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1edf ch\u1ec9 huy v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin. Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u00ean ph\u00eda li\u00ean qu\u00e2n hy v\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1ng c\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Iraq s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 n\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 huy v\u00e0 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y. Trong tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n Iraq \u00edt khi xu\u1ea5t k\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, 38 m\u00e1y bay MiG c\u1ee7a Iraq \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n li\u00ean qu\u00e2n b\u1eafn h\u1ea1. Ngay sau \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n Iraq b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n sang Iran, v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 115 t\u1edbi 140 chi\u1ebfc[13]. Cu\u1ed9c b\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y \u1ed3 \u1ea1t c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n Iraq sang Iran khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng li\u00ean qu\u00e2n r\u1ea5t kinh ng\u1ea1c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng g\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e1c m\u00e1y bay Iraq \u0111\u00e3 \"an to\u00e0n\" t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c s\u00e2n bay Iran. Iran kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c m\u00e1y bay \u0111\u00f3 cho Iraq v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c phi c\u00f4ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o n\u0103m sau. Ng\u00e0y 23 th\u00e1ng 1, Iraq b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed5 g\u1ea7n 1 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n d\u1ea7u th\u00f4 xu\u1ed1ng v\u1ecbnh, g\u00e2y ra v\u1ee5 tr\u00e0n d\u1ea7u l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.", "M\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Li\u00ean qu\u00e2n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Iraq b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng. T\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb, Iraq \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u00e1y bay tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng v\u0169 trang trong ph\u00eda bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh, b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 do nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i h\u1ee9ng ch\u1ecbu c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng. M\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn sau, nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3 - v\u00e0 \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang Iraq - l\u1ea1i quay sang ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed5i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Shiite \u1edf ph\u00eda nam. T\u1ea1i ph\u00eda b\u1eafc, c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kurd tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed5i d\u1eady v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, v\u1edbi hy v\u1ecdng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi nh\u1eefng gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a t\u1edbi n\u01a1i, c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh Iraq c\u00f2n trung th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p d\u00e3 man qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kurd. H\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kurd \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y qua c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00fai \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kurd t\u1ea1i Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 Iran. Nh\u1eefng v\u1ee5 xung \u0111\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f3 sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng c\u1ea5m bay \u1edf c\u1ea3 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc v\u00e0 ph\u00eda nam Iraq. T\u1ea1i Kuwait, gia \u0111\u00ecnh Emir \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i l\u1eadp v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb b\u1ecb cho l\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi Iraq b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, h\u01a1n 400.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb tr\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi Palestine (v\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi Saddam Hussein).", "Chi\u1ebfn tranh V\u00f9ng V\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t cao. L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00e1c t\u00ean l\u1eeda lao v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y bay chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay. C\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng li\u00ean qu\u00e2n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.", "T\u00ean l\u1eeda Scud l\u00e0 t\u00ean l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1o chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt do Li\u00ean bang x\u00f4 vi\u1ebft ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u1eebng tri\u1ec3n khai cho nh\u1eefng s\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n H\u1ed3ng Qu\u00e2n t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ee9c. Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00ean l\u1eeda Scud \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf th\u00f4ng tin, trung t\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 huy v\u00e0 l\u00e0m tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y \u0110\u1ee9c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Minh t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c t\u00ean l\u1eeda Scud s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh, c\u00f2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u00f2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Iraq \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u00ean l\u1eeda Scud, ph\u00f3ng ch\u00fang t\u1edbi c\u1ea3 \u1ea2 r\u1eadp X\u00ea \u00fat v\u00e0 Israel. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ea3 g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0\u01a1ng vong, s\u1ed1 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1. \u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 lo ng\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c Iraq c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eafp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc hay sinh h\u1ecdc l\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u00ean l\u1eeda \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c t\u00ean l\u1eeda Scud kh\u00f4ng h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng khi mang c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bay \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 g\u1ea7n Mach 5 l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc mang theo. C\u00e1c v\u0169 kh\u00ed ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc v\u1ed1n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y bay n\u00e9m bom ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c t\u00ean l\u1eeda h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh. T\u00ean l\u1eeda Scud th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 mang c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 n\u00f3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn t\u1edbi t\u1eadn ng\u00e0y nay, nh\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ban \u0111\u1ea7u.", "H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 t\u00ean l\u1eeda Patriot c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u1ea5y, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Hoa K\u1ef3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 t\u00ean l\u1eeda n\u00e0y c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t cao ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i t\u00ean l\u1eeda Scud, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho li\u00ean qu\u00e2n. Nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh sau n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Patriot r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t, th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1edf m\u1ee9c 0%. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 l\u1ed7i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t nh\u00e2n m\u1ea1ng. [21] Nh\u1eefng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng gi\u1ea3i m\u1eadt v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n t\u00ean l\u1eeda Scud c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec1u. C\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1n t\u00ean l\u1eeda Scud \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5 so v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00ean l\u1eeda Scud \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eafn \u0111i, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed5, b\u1eafn tr\u01b0\u1ee3t v\u00e2n v\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n t\u00ean l\u1eeda Scud \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u00ean m\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb cho l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ho\u1eb7c n\u1ed5 tung khi \u0111ang bay. Nh\u1eefng \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n b\u1eafn ch\u1eb7n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t t\u00ean l\u1eeda b\u1eafn tr\u00fang, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c t\u00ean l\u1eeda Al-Hussein (g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb Scud) n\u1ed5 khi \u0111ang bay \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00ec kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00edt d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ghi l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n d\u00f2 t\u00ecm radar c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef cho ph\u00e9p ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 sau n\u00e0y. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00ed m\u1eadt trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m n\u1eefa. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1eabn cho r\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Patriot \u0111\u00e3 \"ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tuy\u1ec7t di\u1ec7u\" trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh V\u00f9ng V\u1ecbnh. [22]C\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c hoa ti\u00eau d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i v\u01b0\u1ee3t sa m\u1ea1c. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng (AWACS) c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec7 tinh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng.", "Ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1939 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o Ba Lan, Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5. Ng\u00e0y 3 th\u00e1ng 9, Anh v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p tuy\u00ean chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c. Sau khi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 H\u1ed3ng qu\u00e2n chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng Ba Lan, ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u00eda t\u00e2y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t t\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c trong khi Li\u00ean bang X\u00f4 vi\u1ebft chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng ph\u1ea7n ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng.", "Indravarman II (ti\u1ebfng Khmer: \u17a5\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u179c\u179a\u17d2\u1798\u17d0\u1793\u1791\u17b8\u17e2) l\u00e0 vua c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c Khmer, con trai c\u1ee7a Jayavarman VII. C\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian \u00f4ng ta cai tr\u1ecb, v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebf v\u00ec \u00f4ng ta, Jayavarman VIII, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 cho ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y nh\u1eefng ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1ec1 \u00f4ng, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n c\u00e2u vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn \u00f4ng, t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u00f4ng m\u1ea5t v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1243. \u00f4ng ta l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng (ho\u1eb7c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh) m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Jayavarman VII. Trong v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c y\u00ean b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Khmer m\u1ea5t quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t Champa v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Sukhothai m\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Sri Indraditya \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y.", "Vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Harvard \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh 11 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt - 10 ph\u00e2n khoa \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Cao c\u1ea5p Radcliffe - v\u1edbi c\u00e1c khu\u00f4n vi\u00ean n\u1eb1m r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c kh\u1eafp v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb Boston: khu\u00f4n vi\u00ean ch\u00ednh r\u1ed9ng 209 m\u1eabu Anh (85 ha) n\u1eb1m \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Cambridge, c\u00e1ch Boston ch\u1eebng 3 d\u1eb7m (4,8 km) v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y b\u1eafc; Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Kinh doanh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf th\u1ec3 thao, bao g\u1ed3m S\u00e2n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng Harvard, n\u1eb1m b\u00ean kia s\u00f4ng Charles \u1edf khu Allston c\u1ee7a Boston; c\u00f2n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Y khoa, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Nha khoa, v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Y t\u1ebf C\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng th\u00ec n\u1eb1m \u1edf Khu Y khoa Longwood. Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Hoa K\u1ef3, c\u00f3 t\u00e1m ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 c\u1ef1u sinh vi\u00ean Harvard; ch\u1eebng 150 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao gi\u1ea3i Nobel l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean, gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean, hay nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f3 62 t\u1ec9 ph\u00fa hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 335 H\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Rhodes, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft s\u1ed1ng \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3, l\u00e0 c\u1ef1u sinh vi\u00ean Harvard. Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Harvard c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 2013, t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n hi\u1ebfn t\u1eb7ng m\u00e0 Harvard c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 32,3 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4-la, l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u1edf b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt n\u00e0o tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.", "Harvard \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1636 theo sau cu\u1ed9c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 quan L\u1eadp ph\u00e1p v\u00f9ng Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba V\u1ecbnh Massachusetts. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 New College hay \"tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u1edf New Towne\". N\u0103m 1638, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u01a1i c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y in \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf B\u1eafc M\u1ef9, do con t\u00e0u John of London ch\u1edf t\u1eeb Anh sang. N\u0103m 1639, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh Harvard College, theo t\u00ean m\u1ee5c s\u01b0 John Harvard (1607-1638), m\u1ed9t c\u1ef1u sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Cambridge \u1edf Anh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ebfn t\u1eb7ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng. John Harvard khi m\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng 779 b\u1ea3ng Anh (m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda gia s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng) v\u00e0 ch\u1eebng 400 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch.Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Harvard \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c s\u01b0 Thanh gi\u00e1o. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Anh - nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u1edf v\u00f9ng thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba n\u00e0y t\u1eebng theo h\u1ecdc \u1edf Vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Cambridge - v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tri\u1ebft l\u00fd Thanh gi\u00e1o th\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd thu\u1ed9c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i n\u00e0o, nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb Harvard ra \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ee5c s\u01b0 cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1edd theo ph\u00e1i Gi\u00e1o \u0111o\u00e0n T\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ph\u00e1i Nh\u1ea5t th\u1ec3 \u1edf kh\u1eafp v\u00f9ng New England. M\u1ed9t t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1643, \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i mong mu\u1ed1n \"th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ed1ng m\u00e3i s\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec s\u1ee3 r\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c s\u01b0 th\u1ea5t h\u1ecdc cho nh\u00e0 th\u1edd\".M\u1ee5c s\u01b0 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u Boston b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 Increase Mather \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1685 \u0111\u1ebfn 1701. N\u0103m 1708, John Leverett tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c gi\u1edbi t\u0103ng l\u1eef; \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n m\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Harvard khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Thanh gi\u00e1o.", "Kim Jong-un l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 hai trong ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi con c\u1ee7a Ko Yong-hui v\u00e0 Kim Jong-il; anh trai \u00f4ng Kim Jong-chul sinh n\u0103m 1981, trong khi em g\u00e1i \u00f4ng, Kim Yo-jong, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 sinh n\u0103m 1987.Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1edd b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i h\u1ecdc \u1edf Th\u1ee5y S\u0129 g\u1ea7n Bern. C\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u00f4ng theo h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ti\u1ebfng Anh t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n \u1edf G\u00fcmligen d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00ean \"Chol-pak\" ho\u1eb7c \"Pak-chol\" t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1993 \u0111\u1ebfn 1998. Kim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc sinh t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 nh\u00fat nh\u00e1t, h\u00f2a \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng l\u1edbp v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e2m m\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng r\u1ed5. \u00d4ng lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 v\u1ec7 s\u0129 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, \u0111i k\u00e8m.Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 tin Kim Jong-un theo h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u bang Liebefeld Steinh\u00f6lzli \u1edf K\u00f6niz g\u1ea7n Bern d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1i t\u00ean \"Pak-un\" ho\u1eb7c \"Un-pak\" t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1998 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2000 v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 con trai c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 qu\u00e1n B\u1eafc Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean t\u1ea1i Bern. Nh\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a K\u00f6niz x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean t\u1eeb B\u1eafc Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd l\u00e0 con trai c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 qu\u00e1n, \u0111\u00e3 theo h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1998 cho \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f9a thu n\u0103m 2000, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 danh t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a anh ta. Pak-un l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tham gia m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t d\u00e0nh cho tr\u1ebb em ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 tham gia c\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u0103m th\u1ee9 6, 7, 8 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a n\u0103m th\u1ee9 9 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, r\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t v\u00e0o m\u00f9a thu n\u0103m 2000. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 tham v\u1ecdng, th\u00edch ch\u01a1i b\u00f3ng r\u1ed5. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 bu\u1ed5i \u0111i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Kim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o l\u00e0 k\u00e9m. \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean t\u1ea1i Th\u1ee5y S\u0129, Ri Chol, c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi \u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a Pak-un n\u00f3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00f3ng vi\u00ean r\u1eb1ng Kim \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi anh ta r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 con trai c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o B\u1eafc Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean. Theo m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, Kim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng l\u1edbp m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1eadu b\u00e9 nh\u00fat nh\u00e1t, l\u00fang t\u00fang v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4 g\u00e1i v\u00e0 th\u1edd \u01a1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt trong th\u1ec3 thao v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ni\u1ec1m \u0111am m\u00ea v\u1edbi Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i B\u00f3ng r\u1ed5 Qu\u1ed1c gia Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 Michael Jordan. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng anh ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a Pak-un v\u1edbi Kobe Bryant v\u00e0 Toni Kuko\u010d.V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2012, c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a cho th\u1ea5y Kim Jong-un \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng \u1edf Th\u1ee5y S\u0129 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1991 ho\u1eb7c 1992, s\u1edbm h\u01a1n m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u0129.Ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m nh\u00e2n h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Lyon, Ph\u00e1p, sau khi so s\u00e1nh b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a c\u1eadu b\u00e9 Pak-un ch\u1ee5p t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Liebefeld Steinh\u00f6lzli n\u0103m 1999 v\u1edbi b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a Kim Jong-un t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2012 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng hai khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p 95%. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7n, Raoul Perrot, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7ng h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1p y, cho r\u1eb1ng r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hai b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi.Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta tin r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf G\u00fcmligen c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 Kim Jong-un, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 anh trai Kim Jong-chul c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft li\u1ec7u sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Pak-un \u1edf Liebefeld Steinh\u00f6lzli \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng \u1edf Th\u1ee5y S\u0129 tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1998. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng con c\u00e1i c\u1ee7a Kim Jong-il \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng \u1edf Th\u1ee5y S\u0129, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a hai \u0111\u1ee9a con trai \u00fat, \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng \u1edf Geneva m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian.H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng Kim Jong-un theo h\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Kim Nh\u1eadt Th\u00e0nh, m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o s\u0129 quan h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf B\u00ecnh Nh\u01b0\u1ee1ng, t\u1eeb 2002 \u0111\u1ebfn 2007 V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2018, Reuters \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng Kim v\u00e0 cha m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ed9 chi\u1ebfu gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Brazil c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 ghi ng\u00e0y 26 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1996. C\u1ea3 hai h\u1ed9 chi\u1ebfu 10 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec1u mang m\u1ed9t con tem ghi \"\u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 qu\u00e1n Brazil \u1edf Prague\". H\u1ed9 chi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a Kim Jong-un ghi l\u1ea1i t\u00ean \"Josef Pwag\" v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ng\u00e0y sinh 1 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1983.Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 Kim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i B\u1eafc Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee5p v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990, khi \u00f4ng m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t tu\u1ed5i. Th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Kim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb tranh c\u00e3i. Ch\u1ec9 trong th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 2010, m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi Kim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao c\u00e1c c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng khai v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n B\u1eafc Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean, th\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a Kim, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee5p khi anh ta \u0111ang \u0111i h\u1ecdc \u1edf Th\u1ee5y S\u0129, m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00f4ng khai. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Kim khi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh c\u1ea3 nh\u00f3m l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 30 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2010, v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a Kim l\u00ean v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, trong \u0111\u00f3 Kim Jong-un ng\u1ed3i \u1edf h\u00e0ng gh\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7u, c\u00e1ch cha m\u00ecnh hai ch\u1ed7. Sau \u0111\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n phim tin t\u1ee9c n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c Kim tham d\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb.", "V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 30 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2012, Kim \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p L\u00fd Ki\u1ebfn Qu\u1ed1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \"t\u00f3m t\u1eaft cho Kim th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 18 \", theo h\u00e3ng th\u00f4ng t\u1ea5n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, Th\u00f4ng t\u1ea5n x\u00e3 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean cho hay. M\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a T\u1eadp C\u1eadn B\u00ecnh, T\u1ed5ng B\u00ed th\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao t\u1eadn tay Kim trong cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean.V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2013, Kim \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i phong c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng n\u1ed9i Kim Nh\u1eadt Th\u00e0nh khi \u0111\u1ecdc di\u1ec5n v\u0103n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u1eebng n\u0103m m\u1edbi, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i so v\u1edbi cha m\u00ecnh. Kim Jong-il \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c di\u1ec5n v\u0103n tr\u00ean truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh trong su\u1ed1t 17 n\u0103m c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n. Thay v\u00ec ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u, Kim Jong-il \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i x\u00e3 lu\u1eadn v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m m\u1edbi, do Rodong Sinmun (t\u1edd nh\u1eadt b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean), Joson Inmingun (t\u1edd b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean), xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n. v\u00e0 Chongnyon Jonwi (t\u1edd b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a \u0110o\u00e0n Thanh ni\u00ean Kim Nh\u1eadt Th\u00e0nh Kim Ch\u00ednh Nh\u1eadt). Trong cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 an ninh h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 26 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2013, Kim \u0111\u00e3 ra l\u1ec7nh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 th\u1eed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n thi\u1ebft qu\u00e2n lu\u1eadt \u1edf Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 29 th\u00e1ng 1.V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2014, Kim Jong-un \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n T\u1ed1i cao, c\u01a1 quan l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01a1n vi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u00d4ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 tranh c\u1eed, nh\u01b0ng c\u1eed tri c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1eed tri \u0111i b\u1ea7u k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c v\u00e0 theo c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu \"c\u00f3\" t\u1ea1i qu\u1eadn qu\u00ea nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 N\u00fai Paekdu. H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ed1i cao sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea7u \u00f4ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y ban Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng.", "Akshay Venkatesh (sinh ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1981) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dac g\u1ed1c \u1ea4n. L\u1ee3i \u00edch nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfm, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 equidistribution trong c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c automorphic v\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft s\u1ed1, trong l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft ergodic. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dac duy nh\u1ea5t gi\u00e0nh huy ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf c\u1ea3 Olympic V\u1eadt l\u00fd Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 Olympic To\u00e1n Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, m\u00e0 anh \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 12.N\u0103m 2018, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao Huy ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Fields cho t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft s\u1ed1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n.", "Akshay sinh ra \u1edf Delhi, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 l\u1edbn l\u00ean \u1edf Perth, T\u00e2y \u00dac, n\u01a1i anh theo h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng Scotch College. M\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, Svetha, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Deakin. Venkatesh tham d\u1ef1 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngo\u1ea1i kh\u00f3a cho c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfu trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh olympiad to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a bang, v\u00e0 n\u0103m 1993, khi m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 11 tu\u1ed5i, anh thi \u0111\u1ea5u t\u1ea1i Olympic V\u1eadt l\u00fd Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 24 \u1edf Williamsburg, Virginia, gi\u00e0nh huy ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. N\u0103m sau v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1994, \u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh sang to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 sau khi x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9 hai trong Olympic To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u00dac, anh \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh huy ch\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ea1c t\u1ea1i Olympic To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc Ch\u00e2u \u00c1 Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 6, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gi\u00e0nh huy ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng trong qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Olympic To\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c trung h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3, b\u01b0\u1edbc sang tu\u1ed5i 13 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m. \u00d4ng v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc T\u00e2y \u00dac n\u0103m sau v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean tr\u1ebb nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao gi\u1ea3i H\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t trong to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay  v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1997, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb nh\u1ea5t t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh t\u00edch n\u00e0y, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng JA Woods Memorial Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a n\u0103m.", "\u0421\u0442\u0451\u043a\u043b\u0430 \u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043d (Glass and Concrete, 2000) (t\u00ean kh\u00e1c \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0439\u044f, Paranoia)", "C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n c\u1ea3nh ho\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng phim James Baxter Animation \u1edf Pasadena. Ph\u1ea7n quay phim cho c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n c\u1ea3nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quanh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 New York. Phim ra m\u1eaft l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2007 t\u1ea1i Li\u00ean hoan phim Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra m\u1eaft r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2007 \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3. Ngo\u00e0i ra t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f2n kh\u1edfi chi\u1ebfu \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 7 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2008. Enchanted nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n r\u1ea5t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 thu v\u1ec1 h\u01a1n 340 tri\u1ec7u USD doanh thu ph\u00f2ng v\u00e9 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Phim gi\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i Gi\u1ea3i Sao Th\u1ed5 n\u0103m 2007 cho \"Phim gi\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edfng hay nh\u1ea5t\", gi\u00e0nh hai \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eed t\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3i Qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7u v\u00e0ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 65 v\u00e0 ba \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eed t\u1ea1i h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c \"Ca kh\u00fac trong phim hay nh\u1ea5t\" \u1edf gi\u1ea3i Oscar l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 80.", "V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990, C\u00f4ng ty h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng Gulfstream v\u00e0 Ph\u00f2ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf Sukhoi \u1edf Moskva \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y bay ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c si\u00eau thanh c\u1ee1 nh\u1ecf d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n, c\u00f3 t\u00ean m\u00e3 l\u00e0 S-21. V\u00ec nh\u01b0 c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y bay si\u00eau thanh d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n \u0111i du l\u1ecbch c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ecb tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n.", "M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n chia nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, nh\u01b0ng nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft nguy\u00ean t\u1eed l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1t h\u1ea1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed. C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1eed l\u00e0 electron, proton v\u00e0 neutron. Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb nguy\u00ean t\u1eed hi\u0111r\u00f4-1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 neutron v\u00e0 ion hi\u0111r\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 electron (hay ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t proton \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb).", "M\u1ecdi proton v\u00e0 neutron li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau trong h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n nguy\u00ean t\u1eed, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nucleon. B\u00e1n k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 1,07 3\u221aA fm, v\u1edbi A l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 nucleon trong h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e1n k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1eed v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng kho\u1ea3ng 105 fm. C\u00e1c nucleon li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau b\u1edfi th\u1ebf n\u0103ng h\u00fat c\u00f2n d\u01b0 c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea7m ng\u1eafn. V\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch 2,5 fm l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n l\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c proton \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea9y nhau.C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng s\u1ed1 proton, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed. H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1t neutron kh\u00e1c nhau x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3. T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 proton v\u00e0 neutron x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00ean nuclit. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i neutron so v\u1edbi proton \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1.C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t proton v\u00e0 neutron \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh h\u1ea1t fermion. Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb Pauli, m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p c\u00f3 hai h\u1ea1t fermion \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t \u1edf c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1t proton c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian. Do v\u1eady m\u1ed7i h\u1ea1t proton trong h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang ch\u00fang, v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0y cho c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t neutron. Tuy nhi\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n c\u1ea5m m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t proton v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t neutron c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed.\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nguy\u00ean t\u1eed s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p, m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 proton kh\u00e1c s\u1ed1 neutron c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1t proton v\u00e0 neutron tr\u1edf l\u00ean x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng nhau. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 proton x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 neutron c\u00f3 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi nguy\u00ean t\u1eed s\u1ed1 t\u0103ng l\u00ean, l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea9y l\u1eabn nhau gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c proton v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ed1 neutron t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n tu\u00e2n theo xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng hai h\u1ea1t n\u00e0y n\u1eefa. V\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n b\u1ec1n n\u00e0o v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 proton x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 neutron khi nguy\u00ean t\u1eed s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n Z = 20 (canxi); v\u00e0 khi Z t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng nh\u1ea5t, t\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 neutron tr\u00ean proton \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb 1,5.", "C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi qu\u00e9t chui h\u1ea7m l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quan s\u00e1t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u1edf c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean t\u1eed. Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t \u0111i qua r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n l\u00e0 gi\u1ebfng th\u1ebf m\u00e0 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c v\u0129 m\u00f4 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3. C\u00e1c electron chui h\u1ea7m qua ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eefa hai \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1eb3ng, tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i ph\u00eda c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eed h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 electron, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Khi \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e9t tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1eabu, s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1eabu sang m\u0169i d\u00f2 do hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng chui h\u1ea7m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ghi l\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng chui h\u1ea7m (do m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7t gi\u1eefa m\u0169i d\u00f2 v\u00e0 m\u1eabu) n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cho c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.Khi nguy\u00ean t\u1eed b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i electron n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ion. Khi l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch \u0111i trong t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ion cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1eed. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ed5 kh\u1ed1i k\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o t\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ion. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u ion, ph\u1ed5 kh\u1ed1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb trong m\u1eabu b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111o c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00f9m ion kh\u00e1c nhau. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0m bay h\u01a1i nguy\u00ean t\u1eed bao g\u1ed3m \"ph\u1ed5 k\u1ebf ph\u00e1t x\u1ea1 c\u1eb7p nguy\u00ean t\u1eed plasma c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng\" v\u00e0 \"ph\u1ed5 k\u1ebf kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1eb7p plasma c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng\", c\u1ea3 hai k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng plasma l\u00e0m bay h\u01a1i m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch.M\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hay d\u00f9ng n\u1eefa l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 t\u1ed5n hao n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c ghi v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ph\u1ea7n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ch\u00f9m electron trong k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed truy\u1ec1n qua do t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i khi truy\u1ec1n qua m\u1eabu v\u1eadt r\u1eafn. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u0103m d\u00f2 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed (atom probe) c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u1edbi nan\u00f4m\u00e9t v\u00e0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ea3nh 3-D c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed th\u00f4ng qua ph\u1ed5 kh\u1ed1i th\u1eddi gian truy\u1ec1n.Ph\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i nguy\u00ean t\u1eed k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nguy\u00ean t\u1eed trong c\u00e1c sao \u1edf xa. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng trong \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb ng\u00f4i sao v\u00e0 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 n\u00f3 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed trong nguy\u00ean t\u1eed kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 do. Nh\u1eefng m\u00e0u n\u00e0y (b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sao ch\u00e9p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e8n ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n qua kh\u00ed (gas-discharge lamp) ch\u1ee9a c\u00f9ng nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 tr\u00ean ng\u00f4i sao. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Heli \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u1ed5 M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi s\u1edbm 23 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t.", "C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi qu\u00e9t chui h\u1ea7m l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quan s\u00e1t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u1edf c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean t\u1eed. Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t \u0111i qua r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n l\u00e0 gi\u1ebfng th\u1ebf m\u00e0 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c v\u0129 m\u00f4 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3. C\u00e1c electron chui h\u1ea7m qua ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eefa hai \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1eb3ng, tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i ph\u00eda c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eed h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 electron, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Khi \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e9t tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1eabu, s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1eabu sang m\u0169i d\u00f2 do hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng chui h\u1ea7m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ghi l\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng chui h\u1ea7m (do m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7t gi\u1eefa m\u0169i d\u00f2 v\u00e0 m\u1eabu) n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cho c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.Khi nguy\u00ean t\u1eed b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i electron n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ion. Khi l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch \u0111i trong t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ion cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1eed. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ed5 kh\u1ed1i k\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o t\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ion. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u ion, ph\u1ed5 kh\u1ed1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb trong m\u1eabu b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111o c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00f9m ion kh\u00e1c nhau. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0m bay h\u01a1i nguy\u00ean t\u1eed bao g\u1ed3m \"ph\u1ed5 k\u1ebf ph\u00e1t x\u1ea1 c\u1eb7p nguy\u00ean t\u1eed plasma c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng\" v\u00e0 \"ph\u1ed5 k\u1ebf kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1eb7p plasma c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng\", c\u1ea3 hai k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng plasma l\u00e0m bay h\u01a1i m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch.M\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hay d\u00f9ng n\u1eefa l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 t\u1ed5n hao n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c ghi v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ph\u1ea7n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ch\u00f9m electron trong k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed truy\u1ec1n qua do t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i khi truy\u1ec1n qua m\u1eabu v\u1eadt r\u1eafn. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u0103m d\u00f2 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed (atom probe) c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u1edbi nan\u00f4m\u00e9t v\u00e0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ea3nh 3-D c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed th\u00f4ng qua ph\u1ed5 kh\u1ed1i th\u1eddi gian truy\u1ec1n.Ph\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i nguy\u00ean t\u1eed k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nguy\u00ean t\u1eed trong c\u00e1c sao \u1edf xa. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng trong \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb ng\u00f4i sao v\u00e0 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 n\u00f3 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed trong nguy\u00ean t\u1eed kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 do. Nh\u1eefng m\u00e0u n\u00e0y (b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sao ch\u00e9p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e8n ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n qua kh\u00ed (gas-discharge lamp) ch\u1ee9a c\u00f9ng nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 tr\u00ean ng\u00f4i sao. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Heli \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u1ed5 M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi s\u1edbm 23 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t.", "T\u1ec9nh Jizzax l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a Uzbekistan. T\u1ec9nh n\u1eb1m \u1edf trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1p v\u1edbi Tajikstan ph\u00eda nam v\u00e0 ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng nam, t\u1ec9nh Samarqand ph\u00eda t\u00e2y, t\u1ec9nh Navoiy ph\u00eda t\u00e2y b\u1eafc, Kazakhstan \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u1eafc, v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh Sirdaryo v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng. T\u1ec9nh c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 20.500 km \u00b2. D\u00e2n s\u1ed1 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh kho\u1ea3ng 910.500 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 80% s\u1ed1ng \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n.", "Ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh vi t\u00edch ph\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 17 c\u1ee7a Isaac Newton v\u00e0 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz.", "Venezuela (t\u00ean ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Bolivariana Venezuela, ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y Ban Nha: Rep\u00fablica Bolivariana de Venezuela, [re\u02c8pu\u03b2lika \u03b2oli\u03b2a\u02c8\u027ejana \u00f0e \u03b2ene\u02c8swela], t\u00ean g\u1ecdi trong ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t: C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a B\u00f4-li-va-ri-a-na V\u00ea-n\u00ea-du-\u00ea-la, \u0111\u00f4i khi l\u00e0 V\u00ea-n\u00ea-xu-\u00ea-la) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia thu\u1ed9c khu v\u1ef1c Nam M\u1ef9. Venezuela ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p v\u1edbi Guyana v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng, v\u1edbi Brasil v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nam, Colombia v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n Caribbean v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc. Nhi\u1ec1u h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i bi\u1ec3n Caribbean c\u0169ng thu\u1ed9c ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Venezuela. Thu\u1ed9c khu v\u1ef1c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu Venezuela \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u khu b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean hoang d\u00e3. Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y l\u00e0 916.445 km\u00b2, d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 kho\u1ea3ng 28 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi.", "M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a argon hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn, nh\u01b0ng argon c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c m\u1eaft l\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 b\u1ecb m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t trong l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra v\u00e0i h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a argon m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y th\u00ec v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft.", "Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a b\u00e3o John \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1edfi Trung t\u00e2m B\u00e3o Qu\u1ed1c gia Hoa K\u1ef3 (NHC) l\u00e0 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u00f3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi (s\u00f3ng \u0111\u00f4ng) di chuy\u1ec3n ra ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ch\u00e2u Phi trong ng\u00e0y 25 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1994. S\u00f3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n Caribbean m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n n\u00e0o, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u01b0\u1ee3t Trung M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 \u0111i v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng trong ho\u1eb7c trong kho\u1ea3ng ng\u00e0y 8 th\u00e1ng 8. Khi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, s\u00f3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ea7n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi NHC b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ban h\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 \u00e1p th\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi 10-E trong ng\u00e0y 11 th\u00e1ng 8. T\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 \u00e1p th\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi di chuy\u1ec3n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng T\u00e2y v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 n\u1eb1m c\u00e1ch Acapulco, Mexico kho\u1ea3ng 345 d\u1eb7m (555 km) v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng - \u0110\u00f4ng Nam. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean nh\u1eefng d\u1ea3i m\u00e2y m\u01b0a \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng th\u1ed5i ra r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p l\u00ean th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n b\u00e3o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 John v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3.M\u1ed9t \u00e1p cao c\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1nh tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 chi ph\u1ed1i qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a John, bu\u1ed9c n\u00f3 di chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda T\u00e2y, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee9t gi\u00f3 tr\u00ean t\u1ea7ng cao ng\u0103n kh\u00f4ng cho c\u01a1n b\u00e3o m\u1ea1nh l\u00ean. \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee9t gi\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e3 h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y ph\u00eda tr\u00ean John v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 suy y\u1ebfu th\u00e0nh \u00e1p th\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi. D\u00f9 v\u1eady, sau 8 ng\u00e0y di chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1eadm v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda T\u00e2y, \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee9t gi\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea1nh trong ng\u00e0y 19 gi\u00fap John t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n b\u00e3o cu\u1ed3ng phong (hurricane) t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m 1700 PDT ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 18 ti\u1ebfng gi\u1eefa hai ng\u00e0y 19 v\u00e0 20 th\u00e1ng 8, John ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u1ea1nh th\u00eam t\u1eeb b\u00e3o c\u1ea5p 1 l\u00ean th\u00e0nh b\u00e3o c\u1ea5p 3. V\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 1100 PDT ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 8, c\u01a1n b\u00e3o \u0111i v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng Trung t\u00e2m Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng.Sau khi di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng Trung t\u00e2m Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, John \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n khu v\u1ef1c theo d\u00f5i c\u1ee7a NHC v\u00e0 thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo d\u00f5i b\u1edfi Trung t\u00e2m B\u00e3o Trung t\u00e2m Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng (CPHP). Di chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1eadm v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda T\u00e2y, John \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea1nh th\u00eam \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nh\u1edd \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda Nam qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Hawaii; v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 22 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n b\u00e3o c\u1ea5p 5 trong thang b\u00e3o Saffir-Simpson (c\u1ea5p cao nh\u1ea5t trong thang \u0111o). V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3 (theo gi\u1edd ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Hawaii), John \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec9nh v\u1edbi v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c gi\u00f3 175 d\u1eb7m/gi\u1edd (280 km/gi\u1edd). C\u0169ng trong ng\u00e0y 22 (gi\u1edd Hawaii), John \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 345 d\u1eb7m (500 km) v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Nam. M\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y sau, c\u01a1n b\u00e3o \u0111e d\u1ecda chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng B\u1eafc v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn Hawaii, nh\u01b0ng \u00e1p cao th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a xo\u00e1y thu\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi \u1edf ph\u00eda B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1eef John tr\u00ean qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o d\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u00eda Nam. D\u00f9 sao, khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n m\u01b0a n\u1eb7ng h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb d\u1ea3i m\u00e2y m\u01b0a ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u01a1n b\u00e3o.Khi qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Hawaii \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf ph\u00eda sau, John b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1eadm d\u1ea7n l\u00ean ph\u00eda B\u1eafc, v\u00e0 r\u1ea1n san h\u00f4 v\u00f2ng Johnston, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u0103n c\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee9t gi\u00f3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn c\u01a1n b\u00e3o suy y\u1ebfu ch\u1eadm d\u1ea7n t\u1eeb b\u00e3o c\u1ea5p 5 xu\u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh b\u00e3o c\u1ea5p 1 v\u1edbi v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c gi\u00f3 duy tr\u00ec t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u00f2n 90 d\u1eb7m/gi\u1edd (145 km/gi\u1edd). V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 25 th\u00e1ng 8 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, John ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn r\u1ea1n san h\u00f4 Johnton v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t, ch\u1ec9 15 d\u1eb7m (24 km) v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda B\u1eafc. T\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n gi\u00f3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1t v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c 60 d\u1eb7m/gi\u1edd (95 km/gi\u1edd) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e3o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi m\u1ea1nh, v\u00e0 gi\u00f3 gi\u1eadt v\u1edbi v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c 75 d\u1eb7m/gi\u1edd (120 km/gi\u1edd) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn.", "Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a b\u00e3o John \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1edfi Trung t\u00e2m B\u00e3o Qu\u1ed1c gia Hoa K\u1ef3 (NHC) l\u00e0 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u00f3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi (s\u00f3ng \u0111\u00f4ng) di chuy\u1ec3n ra ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ch\u00e2u Phi trong ng\u00e0y 25 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1994. S\u00f3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n Caribbean m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n n\u00e0o, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u01b0\u1ee3t Trung M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 \u0111i v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng trong ho\u1eb7c trong kho\u1ea3ng ng\u00e0y 8 th\u00e1ng 8. Khi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, s\u00f3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ea7n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi NHC b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ban h\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 \u00e1p th\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi 10-E trong ng\u00e0y 11 th\u00e1ng 8. T\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 \u00e1p th\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi di chuy\u1ec3n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng T\u00e2y v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 n\u1eb1m c\u00e1ch Acapulco, Mexico kho\u1ea3ng 345 d\u1eb7m (555 km) v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng - \u0110\u00f4ng Nam. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean nh\u1eefng d\u1ea3i m\u00e2y m\u01b0a \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng th\u1ed5i ra r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p l\u00ean th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n b\u00e3o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 John v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3.M\u1ed9t \u00e1p cao c\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1nh tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 chi ph\u1ed1i qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a John, bu\u1ed9c n\u00f3 di chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda T\u00e2y, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee9t gi\u00f3 tr\u00ean t\u1ea7ng cao ng\u0103n kh\u00f4ng cho c\u01a1n b\u00e3o m\u1ea1nh l\u00ean. \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee9t gi\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e3 h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y ph\u00eda tr\u00ean John v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 suy y\u1ebfu th\u00e0nh \u00e1p th\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi. D\u00f9 v\u1eady, sau 8 ng\u00e0y di chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1eadm v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda T\u00e2y, \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee9t gi\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea1nh trong ng\u00e0y 19 gi\u00fap John t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n b\u00e3o cu\u1ed3ng phong (hurricane) t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m 1700 PDT ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 18 ti\u1ebfng gi\u1eefa hai ng\u00e0y 19 v\u00e0 20 th\u00e1ng 8, John ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u1ea1nh th\u00eam t\u1eeb b\u00e3o c\u1ea5p 1 l\u00ean th\u00e0nh b\u00e3o c\u1ea5p 3. V\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 1100 PDT ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 8, c\u01a1n b\u00e3o \u0111i v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng Trung t\u00e2m Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng.Sau khi di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng Trung t\u00e2m Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, John \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n khu v\u1ef1c theo d\u00f5i c\u1ee7a NHC v\u00e0 thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo d\u00f5i b\u1edfi Trung t\u00e2m B\u00e3o Trung t\u00e2m Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng (CPHP). Di chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1eadm v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda T\u00e2y, John \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea1nh th\u00eam \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nh\u1edd \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda Nam qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Hawaii; v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 22 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n b\u00e3o c\u1ea5p 5 trong thang b\u00e3o Saffir-Simpson (c\u1ea5p cao nh\u1ea5t trong thang \u0111o). V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3 (theo gi\u1edd ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Hawaii), John \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec9nh v\u1edbi v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c gi\u00f3 175 d\u1eb7m/gi\u1edd (280 km/gi\u1edd). C\u0169ng trong ng\u00e0y 22 (gi\u1edd Hawaii), John \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 345 d\u1eb7m (500 km) v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Nam. M\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y sau, c\u01a1n b\u00e3o \u0111e d\u1ecda chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng B\u1eafc v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn Hawaii, nh\u01b0ng \u00e1p cao th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a xo\u00e1y thu\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi \u1edf ph\u00eda B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1eef John tr\u00ean qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o d\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u00eda Nam. D\u00f9 sao, khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n m\u01b0a n\u1eb7ng h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb d\u1ea3i m\u00e2y m\u01b0a ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u01a1n b\u00e3o.Khi qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Hawaii \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf ph\u00eda sau, John b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1eadm d\u1ea7n l\u00ean ph\u00eda B\u1eafc, v\u00e0 r\u1ea1n san h\u00f4 v\u00f2ng Johnston, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u0103n c\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee9t gi\u00f3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn c\u01a1n b\u00e3o suy y\u1ebfu ch\u1eadm d\u1ea7n t\u1eeb b\u00e3o c\u1ea5p 5 xu\u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh b\u00e3o c\u1ea5p 1 v\u1edbi v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c gi\u00f3 duy tr\u00ec t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u00f2n 90 d\u1eb7m/gi\u1edd (145 km/gi\u1edd). V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 25 th\u00e1ng 8 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, John ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn r\u1ea1n san h\u00f4 Johnton v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t, ch\u1ec9 15 d\u1eb7m (24 km) v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda B\u1eafc. T\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n gi\u00f3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1t v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c 60 d\u1eb7m/gi\u1edd (95 km/gi\u1edd) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e3o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi m\u1ea1nh, v\u00e0 gi\u00f3 gi\u1eadt v\u1edbi v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c 75 d\u1eb7m/gi\u1edd (120 km/gi\u1edd) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn.", "Sau khi di chuy\u1ec3n qua r\u1ea1n san h\u00f4 Johnston, John chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng T\u00e2y B\u1eafc v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i do \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee9t gi\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 27 th\u00e1ng 8 theo gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, John \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ee9 hai v\u1edbi v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c gi\u00f3 135 d\u1eb7m/gi\u1edd (210 km/gi\u1edd). Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau, c\u01a1n b\u00e3o \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed5i ng\u00e0y qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00f3 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 22\u00b0B v\u00e0 n\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t chi nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Trung t\u00e2m C\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o B\u00e3o Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p (JTWC) t\u1ea1i Guam. Do \u0111i v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c T\u00e2y B\u1eafc Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, John c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \"typhoon\"  v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \"Typhoon John\" trong qu\u00e3ng th\u1eddi gian n\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i tr\u00ean khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y. Ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c sau khi v\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed5i ng\u00e0y, John l\u1ea1i suy y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ng\u1eebng tr\u1ec7. \u0110\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 9, John \u0111\u00e3 suy y\u1ebfu th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n b\u00e3o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi v\u00e0 n\u00f3 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ee9ng y\u00ean ngay s\u00e1t ph\u00eda T\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed5i ng\u00e0y qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. John n\u00e1n l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 trong 6 ng\u00e0y, kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ec1u kim \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 7 th\u00e1ng 9, m\u1ed9t r\u00e3nh th\u1ea5p ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng khi\u1ebfn John di chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc. C\u01a1n b\u00e3o \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed5i ng\u00e0y qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai trong ng\u00e0y m\u00f9ng 8 v\u00e0 quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng Trung t\u00e2m Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng.Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau khi quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Trung t\u00e2m Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, John \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ee9 ba v\u1edbi v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c gi\u00f3 90 d\u1eb7m/gi\u1edd (145 km/gi\u1edd), t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u1eb1m v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea3o Midway. Tuy nhi\u00ean, r\u00e3nh th\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng k\u00e9o r\u1eddi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a John, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n l\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c B\u1eafc Trung t\u00e2m Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho m\u1ed9t xo\u00e1y thu\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 10 th\u00e1ng 9, th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o th\u1ee9 120 v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng John \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh xo\u00e1y thu\u1eadn ngo\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea3o Unalaska x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 1.000 d\u1eb7m (1.600 km) v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Nam.", "Trong qu\u00e3ng th\u1eddi gian John ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean T\u00e2y B\u1eafc Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, Trung t\u00e2m C\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o B\u00e3o Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p (JTWC) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1n b\u00e3o. John \u0111\u00e3 suy y\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 sau khi \u0111i v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c T\u00e2y B\u1eafc Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u1eefng \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda sau n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh John l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00e1p th\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi; v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u k\u00e8m d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tan bi\u1ebfn s\u1eafp x\u1ea3y ra. Khi John v\u1eabn b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tan nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec JTWC \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u00e1n, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p th\u00e0nh b\u00e3o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi trong th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o ti\u1ebfp theo. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u1eeb hai con t\u00e0u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra John c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c gi\u00f3 duy tr\u00ec li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong 1 ph\u00fat \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 55 knot (65 d\u1eb7m/gi\u1edd, 100 km/gi\u1edd), m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 trong th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o l\u00e0 35 knot (40 d\u1eb7m/gi\u1edd, 65 km/gi\u1edd). John v\u1ec1 sau \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n b\u00e3o c\u1ea5p 1 m\u1ea1nh (cu\u1ed1i c\u1ea5p 1 g\u1ea7n c\u1ea5p 2), b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p m\u1ecdi d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a JTWC. Sau n\u00e0y, trong ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u1ea1i, JTWC \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e2ng v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c gi\u00f3 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a John trong m\u1ed7i th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m 1200 UTC ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 9 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n sau l\u00ean th\u00eam \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 5 knot (6 d\u1eb7m/gi\u1edd, 9 km/gi\u1edd).", "Trong qu\u00e3ng th\u1eddi gian John ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean T\u00e2y B\u1eafc Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, Trung t\u00e2m C\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o B\u00e3o Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p (JTWC) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1n b\u00e3o. John \u0111\u00e3 suy y\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 sau khi \u0111i v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c T\u00e2y B\u1eafc Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u1eefng \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda sau n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh John l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00e1p th\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi; v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u k\u00e8m d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tan bi\u1ebfn s\u1eafp x\u1ea3y ra. Khi John v\u1eabn b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tan nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec JTWC \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u00e1n, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p th\u00e0nh b\u00e3o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi trong th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o ti\u1ebfp theo. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u1eeb hai con t\u00e0u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra John c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c gi\u00f3 duy tr\u00ec li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong 1 ph\u00fat \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 55 knot (65 d\u1eb7m/gi\u1edd, 100 km/gi\u1edd), m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 trong th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o l\u00e0 35 knot (40 d\u1eb7m/gi\u1edd, 65 km/gi\u1edd). John v\u1ec1 sau \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n b\u00e3o c\u1ea5p 1 m\u1ea1nh (cu\u1ed1i c\u1ea5p 1 g\u1ea7n c\u1ea5p 2), b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p m\u1ecdi d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a JTWC. Sau n\u00e0y, trong ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u1ea1i, JTWC \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e2ng v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c gi\u00f3 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a John trong m\u1ed7i th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m 1200 UTC ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 9 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n sau l\u00ean th\u00eam \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 5 knot (6 d\u1eb7m/gi\u1edd, 9 km/gi\u1edd).", "John \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Hawaii v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o Johnston, tuy nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Khi c\u01a1n b\u00e3o di chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n c\u00e1ch Hawaii 345 d\u1eb7m (550 km) v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Nam, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00f3 m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 g\u00e2y s\u00f3ng cao d\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng Nam, Nam; v\u00e0 T\u00e2y khi n\u00f3 di chuy\u1ec3n xa h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda T\u00e2y. Nh\u1eefng con s\u00f3ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 cao dao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 1,8 \u0111\u1ebfn 3 m \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m ng\u1eadp l\u1ee5t c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean tr\u00ean b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n \u1edf Kailua-Kona. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, m\u01b0a n\u1eb7ng h\u1ea1t tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1edbn Hawaii \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y l\u0169 l\u1ee5t nh\u1ecf, c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, phong t\u1ecfa m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1eafn. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng hay t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea1i Hawaii \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o.M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 John di chuy\u1ec3n qua \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1ch r\u1ea1n san h\u00f4 v\u00f2ng Johnston 16 d\u1eb7m (25 km), tuy nhi\u00ean l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 suy y\u1ebfu xu\u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh b\u00e3o c\u1ea5p 1. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u01a1n b\u00e3o ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn, \u0111\u00e3 ghi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng con s\u00f3ng cao t\u1eeb 6,1 \u0111\u1ebfn 9,1 m t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea3o. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi xo\u00e1y thu\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi tr\u00ean B\u1eafc b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u, nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u01b0a n\u1eb7ng h\u1ea1t n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u1ea7n ph\u00eda B\u1eafc c\u1ee7a c\u01a1n b\u00e3o, n\u00ean Johnston, v\u1edbi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u1eb1m v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Nam qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a John, \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o. D\u00f9 v\u1eady, h\u01a1n 1.100 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u0103n c\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Hoa K\u1ef3 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o Johnston \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di t\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn Honolulu khi John ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng. T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p; gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 15 tri\u1ec7u USD (USD 1994).Nh\u1eefng t\u00e0n d\u01b0 c\u1ee7a John sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 di chuy\u1ec3n qua qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Aleutian, g\u00e2y gi\u00f3 gi\u1eadt 46 d\u1eb7m/gi\u1edd (74 km/gi\u1edd) \u1edf Unalaska. C\u01a1n b\u00e3o mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1ea5m, v\u00e0 hai tr\u1ea1m quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 ghi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao l\u00e0 19 \u00b0C.", "John \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Hawaii v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o Johnston, tuy nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Khi c\u01a1n b\u00e3o di chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n c\u00e1ch Hawaii 345 d\u1eb7m (550 km) v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Nam, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00f3 m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 g\u00e2y s\u00f3ng cao d\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng Nam, Nam; v\u00e0 T\u00e2y khi n\u00f3 di chuy\u1ec3n xa h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda T\u00e2y. Nh\u1eefng con s\u00f3ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 cao dao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 1,8 \u0111\u1ebfn 3 m \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m ng\u1eadp l\u1ee5t c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean tr\u00ean b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n \u1edf Kailua-Kona. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, m\u01b0a n\u1eb7ng h\u1ea1t tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1edbn Hawaii \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y l\u0169 l\u1ee5t nh\u1ecf, c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, phong t\u1ecfa m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1eafn. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng hay t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea1i Hawaii \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o.M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 John di chuy\u1ec3n qua \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1ch r\u1ea1n san h\u00f4 v\u00f2ng Johnston 16 d\u1eb7m (25 km), tuy nhi\u00ean l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 suy y\u1ebfu xu\u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh b\u00e3o c\u1ea5p 1. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u01a1n b\u00e3o ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn, \u0111\u00e3 ghi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng con s\u00f3ng cao t\u1eeb 6,1 \u0111\u1ebfn 9,1 m t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea3o. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi xo\u00e1y thu\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi tr\u00ean B\u1eafc b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u, nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u01b0a n\u1eb7ng h\u1ea1t n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u1ea7n ph\u00eda B\u1eafc c\u1ee7a c\u01a1n b\u00e3o, n\u00ean Johnston, v\u1edbi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u1eb1m v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Nam qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a John, \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o. D\u00f9 v\u1eady, h\u01a1n 1.100 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u0103n c\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Hoa K\u1ef3 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o Johnston \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di t\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn Honolulu khi John ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng. T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p; gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 15 tri\u1ec7u USD (USD 1994).Nh\u1eefng t\u00e0n d\u01b0 c\u1ee7a John sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 di chuy\u1ec3n qua qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Aleutian, g\u00e2y gi\u00f3 gi\u1eadt 46 d\u1eb7m/gi\u1edd (74 km/gi\u1edd) \u1edf Unalaska. C\u01a1n b\u00e3o mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1ea5m, v\u00e0 hai tr\u1ea1m quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 ghi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao l\u00e0 19 \u00b0C.", "S\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ec7 tinh trong Khoang h\u1edf Encke l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1edfi Jeffrey N. Cuzzi v\u00e0 Jeffrey D. Scargle v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1985, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng r\u00eca h\u00ecnh s\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a khoang h\u1edf, th\u1ee9 g\u1ee3i ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec5u lo\u1ea1n h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1986 Showalter v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p suy ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. H\u1ecd \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1edbi b\u00e1n tr\u1ee5c l\u1edbn l\u00e0 133,603 \u00b1 10 km v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 5\u201310\u00d710\u221212 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Sao Th\u1ed5, v\u00e0 suy ra r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 duy nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t v\u1ec7 tinh b\u00ean trong trong Khoang h\u1edf Encke. B\u00e1n tr\u1ee5c l\u1edbn th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 b\u1ecb sai l\u1ec7ch 19 km v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 8.6\u00d710\u221212 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Sao Th\u1ed5.", "Sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec7 tinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong 1\u00b0C\u1ee7a v\u1ecb tr\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n. C\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch xem x\u00e9t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u Voyager 2 v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n li\u1ec7u v\u1ec7 tinh c\u00f3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 trong m\u1ed7i c\u00e1i. M\u1ed7i b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u Voyager 2 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n ~50 km/pixel cho th\u1ea5y Pan r\u1ea5t r\u00f5. T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng, n\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh do t\u00e0u Voyager 2 ch\u1ee5p.", "\u0110\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a v\u1ec7 tinh Pan khi\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u1edbi Sao Th\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i ~4 km. \u0110\u1ed9 nghi\u00eang qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o, th\u1ee9 s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 di chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng, th\u00ec g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. Khoang h\u1edf Encke, th\u1ee9 Pan c\u00f3 qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o b\u00ean trong, th\u00ec r\u1ed9ng kho\u1ea3ng 325 km.", "Vestas, ho\u1eb7c Vestas Wind Systems, l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tu\u1ed1c bin gi\u00f3 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, chi\u1ebfm 28% th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n. C\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u1edf \u0110an M\u1ea1ch, \u0110\u1ee9c, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, \u00dd, Anh, T\u00e2y Ban Nha, Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n, Na Uy, \u00dac, Trung qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Windsor, (Colorado, Hoa K\u1ef3) v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n 20.000 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.Sau k\u1ef3 b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng \u1ebf \u1ea9m n\u0103m 2005, Vestas \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ty xanh h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2006. Th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2008, Vestas loan b\u00e1o vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu T\u1ed5ng h\u00e0nh dinh B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a h\u00e3ng \u1edf Portland, Oregon. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2008 c\u00f4ng ty c\u0169ng loan b\u00e1o vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u00e3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf Colorado.", "Novell d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean giao th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u00ean Xerox Network Systems(XNS) v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh t\u1eeb IDP v\u00e0 SPP, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) v\u00e0 Sequenced Packet Exchange (SPX). C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 file v\u00e0 in ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean NetWare Core Protocol (NCP) qua IPX, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 Routing Information Protocol (RIP) v\u00e0 Service Advertising Protocol(SAP).", "Novell d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean giao th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u00ean Xerox Network Systems(XNS) v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh t\u1eeb IDP v\u00e0 SPP, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) v\u00e0 Sequenced Packet Exchange (SPX). C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 file v\u00e0 in ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean NetWare Core Protocol (NCP) qua IPX, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 Routing Information Protocol (RIP) v\u00e0 Service Advertising Protocol(SAP).", "T\u1eeb 2003 \u0111\u1ebfn 2005 Novell \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m trong danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u1edbi \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1eafm gi\u1eef th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Novell, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c ra m\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 Novell \u0111\u00e3 hy v\u1ecdng. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2004, Chris Stone m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa r\u1eddi c\u00f4ng ty, sau m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1edbi CEO Jack Messman. Trong n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed, Novell \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee3t sa th\u1ea3i v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2005. Trong khi doanh thu t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh Linux c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng, th\u00ec s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 nhanh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp cho s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m doanh thu c\u1ee7a NetWare. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 doanh thu c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3m nhanh ch\u00f3ng, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng. Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Novell m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200b\u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.", "B\u1ecd c\u1ea1p phun \u0111\u1ed9c Nam Phi (Parabuthus transvaalicus) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p, \u0111\u1ea1t chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i t\u1eeb 9 t\u1edbi 11 cm. C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2m s\u1eabm ho\u1eb7c \u0111en. Ch\u00fang ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u1edf sa m\u1ea1c, c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ecf v\u00e0 b\u00e1n hoang m\u1ea1c \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc trong khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00eda nam ch\u00e2u Phi nh\u01b0 Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Nam Phi, Botswana.K\u00ecm m\u1ecfng, nh\u01b0ng \u0111u\u00f4i d\u00e0y, v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac ng\u00f2i \u0111\u1ed1t l\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0111u\u00f4i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00eam, ch\u00fang \u1edf trong hang n\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1 trong ng\u00e0y.Parabuthus transvaalicus ti\u1ebft ra m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01b0\u1eddi, co gi\u1eadt t\u1edbi khi t\u1eed vong. Khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ti\u00eam ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c \u1ea5y v\u00e0o chu\u1ed9t, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang v\u1eabn co gi\u1eadt kho\u1ea3ng 30 gi\u00e2y sau khi ch\u00fang ch\u1ebft.", "V\u00f2ng lo\u1ea1i Gi\u1ea3i v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 n\u1eef th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi 2007 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh 15 \u0111\u1ed9i tuy\u1ec3n s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c tranh t\u00e0i t\u1ea1i World Cup 2007. ch\u00e2u \u00c2u c\u00f3 5 su\u1ea5t, ch\u00e2u \u00c1 l\u00e0 3,5 (t\u00ednh c\u1ea3 ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0), B\u1eafc, Trung M\u1ef9 & Caribe c\u00f3 2,5, ch\u00e2u Phi c\u00f3 2, Nam M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 2 c\u00f2n ch\u00e2u \u0110\u1ea1i D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 1. Su\u1ea5t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 tr\u1eadn playoff gi\u1eefa hai \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 ba \u1edf B\u1eafc, Trung M\u1ef9 & Caribe v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c1.", "Gi\u1ea3i v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch ch\u00e2u Phi 2006 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00f2ng lo\u1ea1i. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, gi\u1ea3i d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u1edf Gabon, tuy nhi\u00ean Gabon sau \u0111\u00f3 r\u00fat lui kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea5u n\u1eefa. 32 \u0111\u1ed9i tuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd tham d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 tranh hai t\u1ea5m v\u00e9, tuy nhi\u00ean s\u00e1u \u0111\u1ed9i r\u00fat lui tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u00f2ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u.", "Lee n\u0103m 1971 t\u1ea1i Barrington, l\u00e0 con c\u1ee7a Linda Lee v\u00e0 Saverio Rebecchi. Sau khi cha m\u1eb9 ly d\u1ecb, Lee v\u00e0 ch\u1ecb g\u00e1i, Amy, s\u1ed1ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1eb9 t\u1ea1i East Providence, Rhode Island. C\u1ea3 Lee v\u00e0 ch\u1ecb g\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc East Providence v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc New Hampshire. Lee t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u1eed nh\u00e2n chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Anh in 1992 r\u1ed3i chuy\u1ec3n t\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 New York n\u01a1i c\u00f4 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 v\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 h\u1ecda s\u0129 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u00eca s\u00e1ch n\u00f3i v\u00e0 DVD cho nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Random House.Sau khi m\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 20 tu\u1ed5i, Lee mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh. Kho\u1ea3ng 30 tu\u1ed5i, c\u00f4 ghi danh v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt Columbia v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea1c s\u0129 m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh phim. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y Lee g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 Phil Johnston, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c vi\u1ebft k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n b\u1ed9 phim Wreck-It Ralph c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00f4 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Lee t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p Columbia v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2005 v\u00e0 \u1edf t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 New York, n\u01a1i c\u00f4 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch tr\u1ee3 l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cho b\u1ed9 phim ng\u0103n \"A Thousand Word\" v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2004.Th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2011, Johnston g\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb Lee gi\u00fap m\u00ecnh vi\u1ebft k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n cho Wreck-It Ralph t\u1ea1i Walt Disney Animation Studios \u1edf Burbank, California. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng vi\u1ebft k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong 8 tu\u1ea7n. Tuy nhi\u00ean sau \u0111\u00f3, Lee \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u1edf l\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Wreck-It Ralph k\u1ebft th\u00fac. B\u1ed9 phim nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n l\u1eabn th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, mang v\u1ec1 cho Lee gi\u1ea3i K\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n phim xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Annie l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 40 n\u0103m 2013.Th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2012, Lee \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Peter Del Vecho m\u1eddi vi\u1ebft k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n cho Frozen. Lee \u0111\u00e3 tham gia r\u1ea5t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ti\u1ec1n k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a phim, c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 phim l\u00e0 Chris Buck c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 hai nh\u00e0 vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i h\u00e1t, Robert Lopez v\u00e0 Kristen Anderson-Lopez. C\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 mang t\u1edbi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o cho b\u1ed9 phim so v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Frozen sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eddi c\u00f4 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n cho b\u1ed9 phim c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Buck. Th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 30 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2012, gi\u00fap Lee tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m phim ho\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfu r\u1ea1p d\u00e0i do Walt Disney Animation Studios s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Frozen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i t\u1ea1i B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o 27 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2013. B\u1ed9 phim \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c doanh thu khi thu v\u1ec1 1,274 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la sau th\u1eddi gian c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfu, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua Toy Story 3 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh phim ho\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 doanh thu cao nh\u1ea5t m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, phim c\u00f3 doanh thu cao th\u1ee9 5 m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 phim c\u00f3 doanh thu cao th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c phim do Walt Disney Animation Studios s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Phim c\u0169ng gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c t\u1eeb gi\u1edbi chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n, gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i Oscar cho phim ho\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh hay nh\u1ea5t n\u0103m 2014.Ng\u00e0y 17 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 2014, Lee \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i di\u1ec5n v\u0103n trong l\u1ec5 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc New Hampshire, tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4. C\u00f4 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 m\u00ecnh t\u1eebng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 ti khi l\u1edbn l\u00ean, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 4 trong n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, b\u1ea1n trai c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft trong m\u1ed9t tai n\u1ea1n thuy\u1ec1n, khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00f4 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \"kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fat nghi ng\u1edd, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5...v\u00e0 trong kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc...(t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng) t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n h\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 nghi ng\u1edd b\u1ea3o th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh n\u1eefa.\" Nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m sau, nh\u1eefng k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y gi\u00fap Lee v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua n\u1ed7i nghi ng\u1edd ban \u0111\u1ea7u r\u1eb1ng li\u1ec7u c\u00f4 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Columbia. T\u1ea1i Columbia, Johnston nh\u1eadn ra Lee r\u1ea5t t\u00e0i n\u0103ng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 tin, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u00f4 \"h\u1ee9a r\u1eb1ng...s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb b\u1ecf c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh; ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 th\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c.\" Lee k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: \"T\u00f4i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 ti l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 thay v\u00ec c\u1edfi m\u1edf, ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng thay v\u00ec t\u00edch c\u1ef1c. S\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 ti mang t\u00ednh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m hy v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i h\u00f4m nay l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ef1 ti v\u00e0 ng\u1edd v\u1ef1c b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n n\u1eefa...H\u00e3y bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb nay, ch\u00fang ta ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u00f4i d\u00e1m n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00f2n h\u01a1n th\u1ebf.\" \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc New Hampshire \u0111\u00e3 trao cho c\u00f4 danh hi\u1ec7u ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 danh d\u1ef1.Th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 2014, t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Variety cho bi\u1ebft d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ee7a Lee l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 phim chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft n\u0103m 1962 c\u1ee7a Madeleine L'Engle l\u00e0 A Wrinkle in Time. Catherine Hand, gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh n\u0103m 2003 v\u00e0 Jim Whitaker s\u1ebd h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Lee cho Disney. Sau khi th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra, Lee vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean Twitter: \"Y\u00eau th\u00edch cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y trong su\u1ed1t 30 n\u0103m. Vi\u1ec7c vi\u1ebft k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n cho b\u1ed9 phim nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i.\"V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2014, Lee v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n Chris Buck \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 phim ho\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh ng\u1eafn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt t\u1eeb Frozen c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Frozen Fever \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra m\u1eaft v\u00e0o m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n n\u0103m 2015.", "SMS Prinzregent Luitpold, t\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t theo Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed nhi\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh Luitpold c\u1ee7a Bavaria, l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc th\u1ee9 n\u0103m c\u0169ng l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong l\u1edbp thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p h\u1ea1m Kaiser c\u1ee7a H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c \u0110\u1ee9c trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n Chi\u1ebfn tranh Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t. Prinzregent Luitpold \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t l\u01b0\u1eddn v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1910 t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00e0u c\u1ee7a h\u00e3ng Germaniawerft \u1edf Kiel, h\u1ea1 th\u1ee7y v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 17 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1912 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9ng h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 19 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1913. Con t\u00e0u trang b\u1ecb m\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ea9u ph\u00e1o 30,5 xentim\u00e9t (12,0 in) b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed tr\u00ean n\u0103m th\u00e1p ph\u00e1o n\u00f2ng \u0111\u00f4i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i \u0111a 21,7 h\u1ea3i l\u00fd m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd (40,2 km/h; 25,0 mph). Prinzregent Luitpold \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n v\u1ec1 H\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9i Chi\u1ebfn tr\u1eadn 3, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 H\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9i Chi\u1ebfn tr\u1eadn 4, c\u1ee7a H\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i Bi\u1ec3n kh\u01a1i \u0110\u1ee9c trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf Chi\u1ebfn I", "S\u00e0n giao d\u1ecbch Kim lo\u1ea1i Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n hay S\u1edf giao d\u1ecbch Kim lo\u1ea1i Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n (t\u00ean ti\u1ebfng Anh: London Metal Exchange, vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft: LME) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u00e0n giao d\u1ecbch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u1edbi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1ec1 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai cho c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c. LME cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1o h\u1ea1n t\u1edbi 3 th\u00e1ng t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y giao d\u1ecbch, c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u00e0i ng\u00e0y t\u1edbi 123 th\u00e1ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch thanh to\u00e1n ngay. LME c\u0169ng cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 ph\u00e1i sinh nh\u01b0 ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 (hedging), gi\u00e1 tham chi\u1ebfu to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ecdn giao h\u00e0ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5t to\u00e1n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 2012, c\u00e1c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a LME \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ec3u quy\u1ebft b\u00e1n s\u00e0n giao d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y cho S\u1edf Giao d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 K\u1ebft to\u00e1n Hong Kong (HongKong Exchanges and Clearing) v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 1,4 t\u1ef7 b\u1ea3ng Anh.", "Nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh th\u1eddi k\u00ec ti\u1ec1n Colombo \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua c\u00e1c khu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, \u0111\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e0i, n\u1ec1n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p,... M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 phai t\u00e0n t\u1eeb l\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3 khi d\u00e2n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u Phi sang ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 (kho\u1ea3ng cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 15, \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 16) v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft t\u1edbi qua nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 truy\u1ec7n k\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n mi\u1ec7ng. Nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed s\u00e1ch ch\u00e2u \u00c2u ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i, ri\u00eang m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh nh\u01b0 Maya th\u00ec c\u00f3 ri\u00eang c\u00e1c ghi ch\u00e9p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u d\u00e2n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u theo C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o xem nh\u1eefng ghi ch\u00e9p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ecb gi\u00e1o, v\u00ec v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng \u00edt b\u1ea3n ch\u00e9p \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y. Ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u00edt b\u1ea3n ghi ch\u00e9p b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9, trong khi s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef sang ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y Ban Nha, cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c s\u1eed gia hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0i n\u00e9t v\u1ec1 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9.", "Pichai sinh ra t\u1ea1i Madras (hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 Chennai), Tamil Nadu, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1972. B\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a anh, \u00f4ng Regunatha Pichai, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e2u n\u0103m cho t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n Anh Qu\u1ed1c General Electric Company (GEC) v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n.", "Sundar l\u1edbn l\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t c\u0103n h\u1ed9 hai ph\u00f2ng \u1edf 46th Street, 7th Avenue, t\u1ea1i Ashok Nagar, Madras.Pichai ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh kh\u00f3a X t\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Trung h\u1ecdc Jawahar Vidyalaya, Chennai v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh kh\u00f3a XII t\u1ea1i Vana Vani school \u1edf IIT campus, Chennai. Pichai nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT KGP) t\u1ea1i Metallurgical Engineering. Nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a anh t\u1ea1i IIT khuy\u00ean anh theo \u0111u\u1ed5i PhD t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Stanford, nh\u01b0ng thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 anh \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh theo \u0111u\u1ed5i MS v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng MBA. Anh nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng MS t\u1eeb Stanford University v\u1ec1 Khoa h\u1ecdc V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 K\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1eb1ng MBA t\u1eeb Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, n\u01a1i anh nh\u1eadn Siebel Scholar v\u00e0 Palmer Scholar.", "Pichai gia nh\u1eadp Google v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2004, n\u01a1i anh \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi cho b\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Google, bao g\u1ed3m Google Chrome v\u00e0 Chrome OS, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m l\u1edbn lao v\u1ec1 Google Drive. Anh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 Gmail v\u00e0 Google Maps. V\u00e0o 19 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2009, Pichai \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n Chrome OS v\u00e0 Chromebook \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ra m\u1eaft th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2011, sau \u0111\u00f3 ra m\u1eaft ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0o 2012. V\u00e0o 20 th\u00e1ng 05 n\u0103m 2010, anh c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a video m\u1edbi VP8 c\u1ee7a Google, v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng video m\u1edbi WebM.Ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2013, Pichai th\u00eam Android v\u00e0o danh s\u00e1ch s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m Google m\u00e0 anh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. Android ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1edfi Andy Rubin. Anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbch th\u1ee7 cho v\u1ecb tr\u00ed CEO Microsoft v\u00e0o 2014.Anh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Jive Software t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2011 \u0111\u1ebfn 30 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 2013.Pichai \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 CEO v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 10 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 2015 trong khi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c S\u1ea3n Ph\u1ea9m b\u1edfi CEO l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 Larry Page v\u00e0o 24 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2014. Anh \u0111\u00e3 b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u1edbi trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp n\u00ean Alphabet Inc., c\u00f4ng ty C\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n m\u1edbi cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng ty Google.", "Woody Allen sinh ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1935 t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 New York trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh g\u1ed1c Do Th\u00e1i, b\u1ed1 \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Martin K\u00f6nigsberg (1900 - 2001) c\u00f2n m\u1eb9 l\u00e0 b\u00e0 Nettea Cherrie (1908 - 2002), Woody c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t em g\u00e1i l\u00e0 Letty (sinh n\u0103m 1943).", "Michael c\u0169ng vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 minh h\u1ecda s\u00e1ch tranh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em v\u00e0 d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng cao \u0111\u1eb3ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u1edf Anh v\u00e0 \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i.", "D\u01b0 \u01af\u01a1ng Y (ti\u1ebfng Trung: \u4f59\u6cf1\u6f2a; b\u00ednh \u00e2m: Yu Yangyi, sinh 8 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1994) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i ki\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1edd vua ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Anh \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n \u0110\u1ea1i ki\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1edbng khi m\u1edbi 14 tu\u1ed5i 11 th\u00e1ng 23 ng\u00e0y v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2009. N\u0103m 2014, D\u01b0 \u01af\u01a1ng Y v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch ch\u00e2u \u00c1. Th\u00e1ng 12 c\u00f9ng n\u0103m, anh v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch Gi\u1ea3i c\u1edd vua Qatar m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t.", "WAB c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t Tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eabu gi\u00e1o tr\u1ebb th\u01a1, ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc, trung h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u00e0 trung h\u1ecdc. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 ba th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n: th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Sabina Brady, Red Scroll, v\u00e0 Green Sky Studio. HUB c\u00f3 c\u00e1c m\u00f4n th\u1ec3 thao, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecd. C\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n nghi kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m:", "Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Trung Qu\u1ed1c nh\u1eafm t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng tin v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh website c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai ph\u00e1 v\u1ebft t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi website, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng tin x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m, b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m, tin nh\u1eafn ri\u00eang t\u01b0, v\u1ecb th\u1ebf t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, th\u1eddi gian ch\u01a1i game, s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea smart home, trang b\u00e1o y\u00eau th\u00edch, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed mua h\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi h\u1eb9n h\u00f2.", "Fritz Zwicky sinh ra t\u1ea1i Varna, Bulgaria, cha l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u1ee5y S\u0129. Cha c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, Fridolin Zwicky (sinh n\u0103m 1868), l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Bulgaria v\u00e0 c\u0169ng t\u1eebng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a Na Uy t\u1ea1i Varna (1908-1933). M\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a Fritz, Franziska Vr\u010dek (sinh n\u0103m 1871), l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ed1c S\u00e9c t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c \u00c1o-Hung. Fritz l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi con c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh Zwicky: m\u1ed9t em trai t\u00ean l\u00e0 Rudolf v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t em g\u00e1i t\u00ean l\u00e0 Leonie. M\u1eb9 Fritz qua \u0111\u1eddi \u1edf Varna v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1927 v\u00e0 cha Fridolin v\u1eabn \u1edf Bulgaria cho \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1945, khi cha \u00f4ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Th\u1ee5y S\u0129. Em g\u00e1i Leonie k\u1ebft h\u00f4n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Bulgaria v\u00e0 d\u00e0nh to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Varna.N\u0103m 1904, l\u00fac Fritz s\u00e1u tu\u1ed5i, c\u1eadu \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cha m\u1eb9 g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 \u00f4ng b\u00e0 \u1edf Glarus, Th\u1ee5y S\u0129 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch kinh doanh mua b\u00e1n. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1edf th\u00edch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd. V\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o trong n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Li\u00ean bang Th\u1ee5y S\u0129, n\u1eb1m \u1edf Zurich. N\u0103m 1925, \u00f4ng di c\u01b0 sang Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Robert Millikan t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 California (Caltech) khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \"h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ef9 Rockefeller\".\u00d4ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \"si\u00eau t\u00e2n tinh\" trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i sao neutron c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 thi\u00ean t\u00e0i v\u1edbi 1 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u b\u1edfi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0o.  Zwicky m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. \u00d4ng d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 truy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 \"Operation Lone Wolf\" (t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh s\u00f3i \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c). 5 n\u0103m sau, Oppenheimer xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u mang t\u00ednh b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a sao neutron. Fritz \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i Caltech v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1942, l\u00e0m gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u/t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n cho T\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty Aerojet Engineering Corporation (1943-1961) v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00e0i quan s\u00e1t Mount Wilson v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0i quan s\u00e1t Palomar cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u1eafm gi\u1eef tr\u00ean 50 b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea9y ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t minh ra m\u00e1y bay ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc (TIME 14 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1949).", "V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1932, Fritz Zwicky k\u1ebft h\u00f4n v\u1edbi Dorothy Vernon Gates, con g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 con c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 Egbert Gates. Dorothy \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 chi ph\u00ed cho \u0111\u00e0i thi\u00ean v\u0103n Palomar trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1i suy tho\u00e1i. Zwicky v\u00e0 Dorothy \u0111\u00e3 ly h\u00f4n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1941. N\u0103m 1947, Zwicky k\u1ebft h\u00f4n v\u1edbi Anna Margaritha Zurcher \u1edf Th\u1ee5y S\u0129, v\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y h\u1ecd c\u00f3 ba c\u00f4 con g\u00e1i t\u00ean l\u00e0 Margrit, Franzisk, Barbarina. \u1ede b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Zwicky \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i Landesbibliothek, Glarus c\u00f2n l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh khoa h\u1ecdc, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \"Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i\" (Morphological analysis). Zwicky qua \u0111\u1eddi t\u1ea1i Pasadena v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 8 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1974, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u0169 Mollis, Th\u1ee5y S\u0129.", "ARN th\u00f4ng tin (mRNA) l\u00e0 RNA mang th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb DNA \u0111\u1ebfn ribosome, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed d\u1ecbch m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 sinh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p protein trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. Tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a mRNA x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00ean tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 axit amin trong protein \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ra. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nhi\u1ec1u RNA kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a cho protein (kho\u1ea3ng 97% s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m RNA t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh phi\u00ean m\u00e3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng protein kh\u00f4ng m\u00e3 h\u00f3a trong sinh v\u1eadt nh\u00e2n th\u1ef1c).", "Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 DNA, RNA c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 mang th\u00f4ng tin di truy\u1ec1n. C\u00e1c virus RNA c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 gene ch\u1ee9a RNA m\u00e3 h\u00f3a cho c\u00e1c protein c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. B\u1ed9 gene virus \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 protein n\u00e0y, trong khi c\u00e1c protein kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ed9 gene khi h\u1ea1t virus chuy\u1ec3n sang t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u1eadt ch\u1ee7 m\u1edbi. Viroid l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m th\u1ec3 sinh b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a RNA, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u00e3 h\u00f3a cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t protein n\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sao ch\u00e9p nh\u1edd c\u00e1c polymerase c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ee7.", "\u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 Avatar b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1994, khi Cameron vi\u1ebft 80 trang b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o cho b\u1ed9 phim. Vi\u1ec7c quay phim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 di\u1ec5n ra sau khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh b\u1ed9 phim c\u1ee7a Cameron n\u0103m 1998 \u2013 Titanic, v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1999, nh\u01b0ng theo Cameron, nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 x\u1ea3o c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 phim. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u00e0i h\u00e0nh tinh v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u0103m 2005, Cameron \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n phim v\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tinh h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2006. Avatar ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch 237 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la M\u1ef9. \u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c cho r\u1eb1ng chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 280 \u0111\u1ebfn 310 tri\u1ec7u v\u00e0 150 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la M\u1ef9 cho qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1. B\u1ed9 phim \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfu d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng xem 2D truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, xem 3D (s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng RealD 3D, Dolby 3D, XpanD 3D, IMAX 3D) v\u00e0 xem 4D. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m phim n\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh.Ng\u00e0y 10 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2009, Avatar \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfu t\u1ea1i Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n; ng\u00e0y 16 th\u00e1ng 12, ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf; ng\u00e0y 18 th\u00e1ng 12, c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfu t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Canada, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ca ng\u1ee3i v\u00e0 t\u00e1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u1ec7t li\u1ec7t. v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. B\u1ed9 phim \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 k\u1ec9 l\u1ee5c ph\u00f2ng v\u00e9 su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian tr\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh phim c\u00f3 doanh thu cao nh\u1ea5t m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9, Canada v\u00e0 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua Titanic, b\u1ed9 phim \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1eef k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c su\u1ed1t 12 n\u0103m. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1ed9 phim \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n 2 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la. Avatar \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eed 9 gi\u1ea3i Oscar, bao g\u1ed3m Phim xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t, \u0110\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1t 3 gi\u1ea3i: Quay phim xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc, Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc. Sau th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a phim, Cameron \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi h\u00e3ng 20th Century Fox \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hai ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo, Avatar tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u trong k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u1ed9 ba.", "T\u1eeb n\u0103m 2005 \u0111\u1ebfn 2007, Cameron \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, bao g\u1ed3m h\u1ecda s\u0129 si\u00eau t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng Wayne Barlowe v\u00e0 h\u1ecda s\u0129 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1eebng danh Jordu Schell, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Na'vi v\u1edbi tranh v\u1ebd v\u00e0 \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t khi Cameron c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh qu\u00e9t 3-D ch\u01b0a n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nhau trong c\u0103n b\u1ebfp \u1edf nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Cameron t\u1ea1i Malibu, California. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 2006, Cameron tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m phim \"Avatar\" v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 2008 v\u00e0 l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00e1c di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean ch\u00ednh khi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c bu\u1ed5i casting v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2007. Th\u00e1ng 8 ti\u1ebfp theo, nh\u00f3m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u00e2m thanh Weta Digital k\u00fd h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 gi\u00fap Cameron th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Avatar. Stan Winston, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi Cameron tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, v\u00e0 tham gia \"Avatar\" \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf phim. S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho b\u1ed9 phim m\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng v\u00e0i n\u0103m. B\u1ed9 phim c\u00f3 hai nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00e1c nhau, hai nh\u00f3m chia l\u00e0m hai nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ed9t th\u00ec t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u1edf Pandora, v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m kia th\u00ec t\u1ea1o ra ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e1y v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea3o. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2006, Cameron c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 quay phim k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 quay phim 3D. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng HD v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e9t cao t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n m\u00e1y quay duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c cao.Fox \u0111\u00e3 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u1ef1 v\u00ec th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3 v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 phim tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a Cameron Titanic, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed d\u00f9 Cameron \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft l\u1ea1i k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Avatar \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a phim. Cameron \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e0i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e8n giao th\u00f4ng m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Jon Landau \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0ng cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai kh\u00f4ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 phim. V\u00e0o gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 2006, Fox \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Cameron r\u1eb1ng \"kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00ec th\u1ebf h\u1ecd s\u1ebd l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed9 phim,\" v\u00ec th\u1ebf \u00f4ng \u1ea5y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1 phim t\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng phim kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00e0 mang c\u01a1 s\u1edf b\u1ed9 phim c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng cho Dick Cook (sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty Walt Disney) xem. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi Disney c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, th\u00ec Fox l\u1ea1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng quy\u1ec1n \u01b0u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u00e3ng. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2006, Fox cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 trao quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m phim Avatar sau khi Ingenious Media \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd quay l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m phim, h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0a ra ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda chi ph\u00ed m\u00e0 Fox ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c b\u1ecf ra l\u00e0 237 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la. Sau khi Fox duy\u1ec7t Avatar, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi ng\u1edd li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Fox \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m anh ta lung lay ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Cameron v\u00e0 Landau, \"T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u0111i\u00ean kh\u00f9ng h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng khi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c anh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c anh c\u00f3 \u0111i\u00ean kh\u00f9ng h\u01a1n khi ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00e1c anh \"c\u00f3 th\u1ec3\" l\u00e0m...\"", "Anemone coronaria l\u00e0 c\u00e2y th\u00e2n th\u1ea3o l\u00e2u n\u0103m m\u1ecdc cao t\u1edbi 20cm\u201340 cm, hi\u1ebfm khi t\u1edbi 60 cm (0,75\u20131,50 feet), tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn 15cm\u201323 cm (0,50 \u0111\u1ebfn 0,75 feet). Hoa n\u1edf t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng s\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n c\u00e2y cao v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u00e1 nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 nh\u1ecf ngay d\u01b0\u1edbi hoa; hoa c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 3cm\u20138 cm, hoa th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf, m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng ho\u1eb7c m\u00e0u xanh d\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ph\u1ea5n hoa kh\u00f4, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh d\u01b0\u1edbi 40 nm. Hoa t\u1ea1o ra 200-300 h\u1ea1t.", "S\u1ed1t ph\u00f3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0n, g\u1ecdi \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 ph\u00f3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0n, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n do m\u1ed9t trong ba lo\u1ea1i Salmonella enterica g\u00e2y ra. C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb 6-30 ng\u00e0y sau khi b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng s\u1ed1t th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0n. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb t\u1eeb b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n s\u1ed1t cao x\u1ea3y ra trong v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng suy nh\u01b0\u1ee3c, ch\u00e1n \u0103n v\u00e0 \u0111au \u0111\u1ea7u c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1t ban da v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1m h\u1ed3ng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang vi khu\u1ea9n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh; tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ecd v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. C\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0n v\u00e0 ph\u00f3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 nhau. S\u1ed1t ph\u00f3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i enteric fever c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1t th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0n.Ph\u00f3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0n do vi khu\u1ea9n Salmonella enterica c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eabu huy\u1ebft thanh Paratyphi A, Paratyphi B, ho\u1eb7c Paratyphi C ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong ru\u1ed9t v\u00e0 m\u00e1u. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m qua \u0103n u\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb th\u1ee9c \u0103n b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh. C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nguy c\u01a1 bao g\u1ed3m v\u1ec7 sinh k\u00e9m \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u01b0 ngh\u00e8o. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt duy nh\u1ea5t b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh. Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y vi khu\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n DNA c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n trong m\u00e1u, ph\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Test t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t.  C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00e1c. B\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t ban l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan.M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1eafc-xin ch\u1ee7ng ng\u1eeba \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho b\u1ec7nh ph\u00f3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0n, v\u1eafc-xin th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edch l\u1ee3i. Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba bao g\u1ed3m u\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch, v\u1ec7 sinh s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd v\u00e0 r\u1eeda tay \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ngthu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh nh\u01b0 azithromycin. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1ng sinh c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y x\u1ea3y ra ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.", "Christian Bj\u00f8rnsh\u00f8j Poulsen (sinh ng\u00e0y 28 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1980) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ef1u c\u1ea7u th\u1ee7 b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 \u0110an M\u1ea1ch. Sau khi kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi Holb\u00e6k, anh thi \u0111\u1ea5u cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u \u00c2u trong vai tr\u00f2 ti\u1ec1n v\u1ec7 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1. Anh gi\u00e0nh ch\u1ee9c v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch \u0110an M\u1ea1ch v\u1edbi F.C. Copenhagen, gi\u00e0nh C\u00fap Li\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 \u0110\u1ee9c v\u1edbi Schalke 04, v\u00e0 C\u00fap UEFA v\u1edbi Sevilla c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y Ban Nha, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n thi \u0111\u1ea5u cho Juventus, Liverpool, Evian, v\u00e0 AFC Ajax.", "S\u00e2n bay qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Sevastopol \"Belbek\" (ti\u1ebfng Ukraina: \u041c\u0456\u0436\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 \"\u0411\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0431\u0435\u043a\", ti\u1ebfng Krym Aqyar-Belbek Halqara Ava Liman\u0131; ti\u1ebfng Nga: \u041c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u044d\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 \"\u0421\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\") (IATA: UKS, ICAO: UKFB) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u00e2n bay \u1edf Sevastopol, Ukraina.", "S\u00e2n bay l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1941, trong n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u s\u00e2n bay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u0103ng c\u00f3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t gia c\u1ed1 c\u1ee9ng, sau khi chi\u1ebfn tranh s\u00e2n bay \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u0103ng b\u00ea t\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i. Trong n\u1eeda cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1980, sau khi Mikhail Gorbachev l\u00ean n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n, s\u00e2n bay \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, do s\u00e2n bay s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi \u00f4ng khi \u0111i du l\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c dacha t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda nam c\u1ee7a b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o Crimea, g\u1ea7n m\u0169i Foros. Sau \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u00e2n bay cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch d\u00e2n s\u1ef1.", "Rita Sahat\u00e7iu Ora (hay Rita Sahat\u00e7iu, sinh ng\u00e0y 26 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1990) l\u00e0 n\u1eef ca s\u0129, di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eabu \u1ea3nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh. C\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2012 khi c\u00f4 tham gia v\u00e0o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \"Hot Right Now\" c\u1ee7a DJ Fresh, b\u1ed9 phim \u0111\u1ea1t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed qu\u00e1n qu\u00e2n t\u1ea1i Anh. Album studio ra m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a c\u00f4, Ora, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 2012, \u0111\u00e3 ra m\u1eaft \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea1i Anh. Album ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u01a1n s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t \u1edf Anh \"R.I.P.\" v\u00e0 \"How We Do (Party)\". Ora l\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u01a1n nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng Anh trong n\u0103m 2012, v\u1edbi ba \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u01a1n li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea1t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u.V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2014, Adidas \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi Ora v\u1ec1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u Adidas Originals. C\u0169ng trong n\u0103m 2014, \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u01a1n \"I Will Never Let You Down\" c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u0129a nh\u1ea1c th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u1edf Anh, v\u00e0 c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong \"Black Widow\" c\u1ee7a Iggy Azalea, \u0111\u1ea1t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cao nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Anh v\u00e0 M\u1ef9. \u0110\u0129a \u0111\u01a1n ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb album ph\u00f2ng thu th\u1ee9 hai s\u1eafp t\u1edbi, \"Your Song\", \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ee9 7 \u1edf Anh v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 2017.", "Ora sinh ra \u1edf Pristina, C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Li\u00ean bang X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Nam T\u01b0 (hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 Kosovo), b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Albanian. M\u1eb9 c\u00f4, Vera (nh\u0169 danh Bajraktari), l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129 t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 cha c\u00f4, Besnik Sahat\u00e7iu, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 qu\u00e1n r\u01b0\u1ee3u. Ora c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ecb g\u00e1i, Elena (ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00f4), v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t em trai, Don. H\u1ecd c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Th\u1ed5, Saat\u00e7i, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \"th\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3\"), nh\u01b0ng b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 c\u00f4 sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u00eam Ora (c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \"th\u1eddi gian\" b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Albanian) \u1edf cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t \u00e2m.Gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f4 r\u1eddi Kosovo v\u00ec l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u00ec cu\u1ed9c b\u1ee9c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Albania g\u1ed1c Albania b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tan r\u00e3 c\u1ee7a Nam T\u01b0. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n, n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh n\u0103m 1991, khi c\u00f4 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t tu\u1ed5i. C\u00f4 l\u1edbn l\u00ean g\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Portobello \u1edf T\u00e2y Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n, v\u00e0 tham d\u1ef1 Th\u00e1nh Cuthbert v\u1edbi Tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc St Matthias \u1edf Earls Court, sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f4 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u00faa Sylvia Young. C\u00f4 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e1t t\u1eeb khi c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf.", "Sinh ra \u1edf Dudley, \u00f4ng gia nh\u1eadp c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 Manchester United khi c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean v\u00e0 \u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u1ea7u th\u1ee7 tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i nh\u1ea5t ch\u01a1i \u1edf gi\u1ea3i v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 Anh v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u1ea7u th\u1ee7 tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i nh\u1ea5t ch\u01a1i cho \u0111\u1ed9i tuy\u1ec3n qu\u1ed1c gia k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb sau chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 2. Duncan l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean kho\u00e1c \u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9i tuy\u1ec3n Anh l\u00e0 khi m\u1edbi 18 tu\u1ed5i 183 ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u00f4ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee7 tr\u1ebb th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a X\u1ee9 s\u1edf s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20. K\u1ec9 l\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecb th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng Michael Owen ph\u00e1 sau h\u01a1n 40 n\u0103m, v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 2-1998. Trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p tuy ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn 5 n\u0103m nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap cho c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111o\u1ea1t 2 cup v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 Anh v\u00e0 l\u1ecdt v\u00e0o b\u00e1n k\u1ebft c\u00fap ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. D\u00f9 r\u1eb1ng sau khi m\u00e1y bay ch\u1edf \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u01a1i \u1edf Munich th\u00e1ng 2-1958 \u00f4ng ch\u01b0a t\u1eaft th\u1edf ngay nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng qua kh\u1ecfi b\u1edfi ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi sau \u0111\u00f3 15 ng\u00e0y. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc v\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai \u0111\u00e3 xem Edwards ch\u01a1i b\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec1u cho r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t s\u1edbm th\u00ec ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.", "M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh g\u00e2y s\u1ed1c nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a phim l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t phim ng\u1ee7 d\u1eady v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ea7y m\u00e1u. Theo Coppola, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u1ef1a th\u1eadt v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n t\u1edbi b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty th\u1ee9c \u0103n cho ch\u00f3 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con ng\u1ef1a n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho phim.", "C\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ung th\u01b0 th\u1eadn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i \u1edf v\u00f9ng b\u1ee5ng v\u00e0/ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 m\u00e1u trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u (ti\u1ec3u ra m\u00e1u). C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, ch\u00e1n \u0103n, gi\u1ea3m c\u00e2n, s\u1ed1t cao v\u00e0 ra nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i, \u0111au dai d\u1eb3ng \u1edf b\u1ee5ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c g\u00e2y n\u00ean, ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u g\u00ec, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh.", "Edward c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o Bella v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u1edf b\u00ean ch\u00e0ng, hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7t trong nguy hi\u1ec3m n\u1ebfu ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 b\u1edfi v\u00ec d\u00f2ng m\u00e1u c\u00f4 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi ch\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ma c\u00e0 r\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c. Bella g\u1eb7p nguy hi\u1ec3m b\u1edfi t\u00ean ma c\u00e0 r\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1t m\u00e1u, James. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 t\u1eeb gia \u0111\u00ecnh, Edward c\u1ee9u Bella kh\u1ecfi James, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00e0ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i Bella th\u00e0nh ma c\u00e0 r\u1ed3ng.", "C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao tr\u00f9m b\u1edfi m\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a Victoria, g\u1eb7p Bella v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 Cullens t\u1eeb Ch\u1ea1ng v\u1ea1ng, mu\u1ed1n tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecnh James, s\u0103n \u0111u\u1ed5i Bella v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n ma c\u00e0 r\u1ed3ng. Ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec3m ho\u1ea1 n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1eefa nh\u00e0 Cullens v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00f3i c\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1edfi Sam Uley v\u00e0 Jacob Black \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp. Bella ch\u1ec9 xem Jacob nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n nh\u01b0ng, d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00ednh h\u00f4n v\u1edbi Edward, c\u00f4 h\u00f4n Jacob v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra c\u00f4 c\u0169ng y\u00eau c\u1eadu. Edward ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a Bella d\u00e0nh cho Jacob v\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t Victoria, Bella hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng Edward l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f4, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00f3i v\u1edbi b\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 l\u1ec5 \u0111\u00ednh h\u00f4n.", "Edward ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean t\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a Bella v\u1ec1 g\u1eb7p Carlisle, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. Ch\u00e0ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ea5t tr\u00ed khi c\u00e1i thai t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb Bella nhanh ch\u00f3ng, v\u00e0 \u00e9p c\u00f4 ph\u00e1 thai, nh\u01b0ng Bella ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft sinh con. Sau r\u1ed3i Edward b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng con sau khi nghe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ee9a b\u00e9 r\u1ea5t y\u00eau m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m c\u00f4 \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn.", "Edward \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 theo l\u1eddi Bella l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quy\u1ebfn r\u0169, l\u1ecbch thi\u1ec7p, quy\u1ebft \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ecfi. Ch\u00e0ng lu\u00f4n c\u1ed1 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Bella v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec kh\u00e1c. Ch\u00e0ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i du d\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 hai m\u01b0\u01a1i, v\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eady, Edward lu\u00f4n t\u1ef1 coi m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt, v\u00e0 sau khi y\u00eau Bella, ch\u00e0ng tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng \u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.", "Nh\u00ad\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ma c\u00e0 r\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c trong Ch\u1ea1ng v\u1ea1ng, Edward \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 theo l\u1eddi Bella l\u00e0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edfng. Nhi\u1ec1u khi c\u00f4 so s\u00e1nh ch\u00e0ng v\u1edbi ch\u00e0ng trai \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t Adonis trong th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i Hy L\u1ea1p x\u01b0a. L\u00e0n da tr\u1eafng, l\u1ea1nh b\u0103ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 l\u1ea5p l\u00e1nh d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. G\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o v\u1edbi g\u00f2 m\u00e1 cao, quai h\u00e0m vu\u00f4ng v\u1ee9c, m\u0169i d\u1ecdc d\u1eeba v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i m\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1eb7n. M\u00e1i t\u00f3c, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n r\u1ed1i b\u00f9, mang m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 qu\u00e1 c\u1ed1. \u0110\u00f4i m\u1eaft, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng xanh l\u1ee5c, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 m\u00e0u nh\u01b0 h\u1ed5 ph\u00e1ch. M\u00e0u m\u1eaft thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1t: v\u00e0ng s\u1eabm, \u0111en tuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 v\u00e0ng. Edward cao 6'2\"(1m90), m\u1ea3nh d\u1ebb nh\u01b0ng v\u1ea1m v\u1ee1.", "Nh\u00ad\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ma c\u00e0 r\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c trong Ch\u1ea1ng v\u1ea1ng, Edward \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 theo l\u1eddi Bella l\u00e0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edfng. Nhi\u1ec1u khi c\u00f4 so s\u00e1nh ch\u00e0ng v\u1edbi ch\u00e0ng trai \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t Adonis trong th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i Hy L\u1ea1p x\u01b0a. L\u00e0n da tr\u1eafng, l\u1ea1nh b\u0103ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 l\u1ea5p l\u00e1nh d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. G\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o v\u1edbi g\u00f2 m\u00e1 cao, quai h\u00e0m vu\u00f4ng v\u1ee9c, m\u0169i d\u1ecdc d\u1eeba v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i m\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1eb7n. M\u00e1i t\u00f3c, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n r\u1ed1i b\u00f9, mang m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 qu\u00e1 c\u1ed1. \u0110\u00f4i m\u1eaft, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng xanh l\u1ee5c, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 m\u00e0u nh\u01b0 h\u1ed5 ph\u00e1ch. M\u00e0u m\u1eaft thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1t: v\u00e0ng s\u1eabm, \u0111en tuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 v\u00e0ng. Edward cao 6'2\"(1m90), m\u1ea3nh d\u1ebb nh\u01b0ng v\u1ea1m v\u1ee1.", "Edward, nh\u00ad\u01b0 m\u1ecdi ma c\u00e0 r\u1ed3ng trong Ch\u1ea1ng v\u1ea1ng, c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh, gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i, s\u1ee9c b\u1ec1n, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t si\u00eau nh\u00e2n. M\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t gi\u1ecdng c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00ea ho\u1eb7c, khi\u1ebfn Bella cho\u00e1ng v\u00e1ng v\u00e0 \u00e1m \u1ea3nh. Trong Ch\u1ea1ng v\u1ea1ng, Edward th\u1ed5 l\u1ed9 r\u1eb1ng ch\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n th\u1edf, d\u00f9 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 g\u00e2y \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00fat kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu. Ch\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u00eau ho\u00e1 c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c \u0103n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 coi \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c \u0103n b\u1eady \u0103n b\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, Edward kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u1ee7.", "Edward ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn nh\u1eefng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t. Ch\u00e0ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh nh\u1ea5t trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c khi c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng, Edward c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai trong b\u00e1n k\u00ednh v\u00e0i d\u1eb7m; nh\u01b0ng ch\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a Bella. Bella kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 do c\u00f4 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m qu\u00e1 kh\u00e9p k\u00edn. Edward v\u1eabn s\u1edf h\u1eefu nh\u1eefng cung c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 hai m\u01b0\u01a1i.", "Edward y\u00eau \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, ch\u01a1i piano nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y. Ch\u00e0ng th\u00edch r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ea1c, bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, jazz, rock nh\u01b0ng gh\u00e9t nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u00ea. Ch\u00e0ng hay nghe nh\u1ea1c rock khi \u0111i tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 m\u00ea rock v\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 nhau. Ch\u00e0ng th\u1ed5 l\u1ed9 trong Ch\u1ea1ng v\u1ea1ng r\u1eb1ng th\u00edch nh\u1ea1c th\u1eadp ni\u00ean n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng n\u0103m s\u00e1u m\u01b0\u01a1i, gh\u00e9t b\u1ea3y m\u01b0\u01a1i, v\u00e0 t\u00e1m m\u01b0\u01a1i th\u00ec \"t\u1ea1m ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn\"", "Edward y\u00eau \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, ch\u01a1i piano nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y. Ch\u00e0ng th\u00edch r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ea1c, bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, jazz, rock nh\u01b0ng gh\u00e9t nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u00ea. Ch\u00e0ng hay nghe nh\u1ea1c rock khi \u0111i tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 m\u00ea rock v\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 nhau. Ch\u00e0ng th\u1ed5 l\u1ed9 trong Ch\u1ea1ng v\u1ea1ng r\u1eb1ng th\u00edch nh\u1ea1c th\u1eadp ni\u00ean n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng n\u0103m s\u00e1u m\u01b0\u01a1i, gh\u00e9t b\u1ea3y m\u01b0\u01a1i, v\u00e0 t\u00e1m m\u01b0\u01a1i th\u00ec \"t\u1ea1m ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn\"", "Edward y\u00eau \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, ch\u01a1i piano nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y. Ch\u00e0ng th\u00edch r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ea1c, bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, jazz, rock nh\u01b0ng gh\u00e9t nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u00ea. Ch\u00e0ng hay nghe nh\u1ea1c rock khi \u0111i tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 m\u00ea rock v\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 nhau. Ch\u00e0ng th\u1ed5 l\u1ed9 trong Ch\u1ea1ng v\u1ea1ng r\u1eb1ng th\u00edch nh\u1ea1c th\u1eadp ni\u00ean n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng n\u0103m s\u00e1u m\u01b0\u01a1i, gh\u00e9t b\u1ea3y m\u01b0\u01a1i, v\u00e0 t\u00e1m m\u01b0\u01a1i th\u00ec \"t\u1ea1m ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn\"", "M\u1ed9t s\u1edf th\u00edch c\u1ee7a Edward l\u00e0 s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m xe h\u01a1i. Ch\u00e0ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc Volvo S60 R v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc Aston Martin V12 Vanquish. Ch\u00e0ng c\u0169ng t\u1eb7ng c\u00f4 em Alice m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc Porsche 911 Turbo trong Eclipse Ch\u00e0ng mua xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f3ng c\u1ea1nh Bella v\u1edbi c\u00e2u n\u00f3i 'Anh s\u1ebd theo em \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng' v\u00ec bi\u1ebft n\u00e0ng r\u1ea5t th\u00edch \u0111i xe m\u00e1y c\u00f9ng Jacob. Trong Breaking Dawn theo suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a ch\u00e0ng th\u00ec Bella l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 v\u1eadn r\u1ee7i t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u00e0ng ch\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 mua t\u1edbi hai chi\u1ebfc xe h\u01a1i. M\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc Mercedes d\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi. Chi\u1ebfc xe n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 t\u00ean l\u1eeda. \u0110\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng sau \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e0ng mua s\u1eb5n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc Ferrari v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u01b0\u1edbt gi\u00f3 v\u00ec khi \u1ea5y ch\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ee3 th\u00e0nh ma c\u00e0 r\u1ed3ng.", "V\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1980, Microsoft v\u00e0 IBM th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ra h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp theo. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 OS/2, nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng Microsoft v\u00e0 IBM b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 chia r\u1ebd. OS/2 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a IBM. C\u00f2n Microsoft b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Windows NT. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin HPFS c\u1ee7a OS/2 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi quan tr\u1ecdng. Khi Microsoft t\u1ea1o ra h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh m\u1edbi, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m cho NTFS. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd do c\u00f3 chung nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00ean HPFS v\u00e0 NTFS c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u00e3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a (07). C\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng khi c\u00f3 t\u1edbi h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c m\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a l\u1edbn kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 m\u00e3 c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang ch\u00fang. FAT c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 9 m\u00e3 (m\u1ed7i m\u00e3 cho FAT12, FAT16, FAT32, v\u00e2n v\u00e2n). C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n trong \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin trong m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng 07 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ed5 sung. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng NTFS c\u0169ng d\u00f9ng chung thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac cho Files-11 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi VMS. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi Dave Cutler l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 VMS v\u00e0 Windows NT.", "NTFS v3.0 bao g\u1ed3m v\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh m\u1edbi so v\u1edbi FAT, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1eadp tin r\u1ea3i, c\u1ea5p h\u1ea1n ng\u1ea1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ki\u1ec3m tra, theo d\u00f5i li\u00ean k\u1ebft ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i, v\u00e0 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c t\u1eadp tin, c\u0169ng c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin m\u00e3 h\u00f3a (EFS).", "K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt copy-on-write tuy nhi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ee7y giao t\u00e1c \u0111ang c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia: c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi \u0111\u00e8 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi n\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1ecb kh\u00f3a b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecdc trong c\u00e1c giao t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3); trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i trong m\u1ed9t b\u00f3ng t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi (ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ec9a l\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u0169 copy-on-write), m\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng copy-on-write VSS b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng khi giao t\u00e1c s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c ghi v\u00e0o. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c b\u00f3ng t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi cho c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi, ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y b\u1edfi c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tham gia c\u00f3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang ch\u00fang, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c ghi v\u00e0o \u0111\u0169a, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec trong b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ed7 c\u00e1c th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p sau. Giao t\u00e1c NTFS kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c giao t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a NTFS c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong c\u00e1c \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, thanh ghi c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, hay c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u SQL, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hay c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u1eeb xa.", "EFS cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u1eadp tin hay th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c n\u00e0o tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a NTFS. EFS l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c chung v\u1edbi d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 EFS, CryptoAPI c\u1ee7a Microsoft v\u00e0 Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c thi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin EFS (FSRTL). EFS ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch m\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp tin v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng kh\u1ed1i (c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Kh\u00f3a m\u00e3 h\u00f3a t\u1eadp tin hay FEK), kh\u00f3a n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ecf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, h\u01a1n l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t m\u00e3 kh\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a t\u1eadp tin sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kh\u00f3a d\u00f9ng chung, ti\u1ebfp theo k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a t\u1eadp tin, v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 t\u1eadp tin, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong ph\u1ea7n m\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp tin. Sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 t\u1eadp tin. V\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh kh\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 th\u00eam v\u00e0o nh\u1eb1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng EFS, \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp c\u00e1c t\u1eadp tin n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e9n v\u00e0 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a do NTFS cung c\u1ea5p lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb l\u1eabn nhau - NTFS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ed9t v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba d\u00e0nh cho h\u00e3ng kh\u00e1c.", "EFS cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u1eadp tin hay th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c n\u00e0o tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a NTFS. EFS l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c chung v\u1edbi d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 EFS, CryptoAPI c\u1ee7a Microsoft v\u00e0 Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c thi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin EFS (FSRTL). EFS ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch m\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp tin v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng kh\u1ed1i (c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Kh\u00f3a m\u00e3 h\u00f3a t\u1eadp tin hay FEK), kh\u00f3a n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ecf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, h\u01a1n l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t m\u00e3 kh\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a t\u1eadp tin sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kh\u00f3a d\u00f9ng chung, ti\u1ebfp theo k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a t\u1eadp tin, v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 t\u1eadp tin, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong ph\u1ea7n m\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp tin. Sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 t\u1eadp tin. V\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh kh\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 th\u00eam v\u00e0o nh\u1eb1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng EFS, \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp c\u00e1c t\u1eadp tin n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e9n v\u00e0 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a do NTFS cung c\u1ea5p lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb l\u1eabn nhau - NTFS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ed9t v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba d\u00e0nh cho h\u00e3ng kh\u00e1c.", "S\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a EFS kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n Basic, Home v\u00e0 MediaCenter c\u1ee7a Windows, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t sau khi c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n Professional, Ultimate v\u00e0 Server c\u1ee7a Windows hay b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.", "V\u00ec l\u00fd do l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Windows m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 NTFS \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1eef th\u1eddi gian b\u00ean trong nh\u01b0 m\u00fai gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ecdi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i NTFS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1edf b\u1edfi c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n nay c\u1ee7a Windows c\u0169ng l\u00e0m v\u1eady. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Windows NT v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Windows sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1eef nh\u00e3n gi\u1edd nh\u01b0 UTC v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e3n gi\u1edd NTFS l\u00e0 UTC. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 khi c\u00e1c t\u1eadp tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sao ch\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c di chuy\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng NTFS v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i NTFS, h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c nh\u00e3n gi\u1edd cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1eadp tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di chuy\u1ec3n khi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y (DST) c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1eadp tin kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di chuy\u1ec3n khi gi\u1edd chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ngay sau khi m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 m\u00fai gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1eadp tin c\u00f3 nh\u00e3n gi\u1edd l\u1ec7ch m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd. Do s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n DST gi\u1eefa b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u b\u1eafc v\u00e0 nam, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y l\u1ed7i nh\u00e3n gi\u1edd l\u00ean t\u1edbi 4 gi\u1edd trong 12 th\u00e1ng.", "K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a t\u1ed1i \u0111a: Theo l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a NTFS t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u00f3 264\u22121 cluster. Tuy nhi\u00ean, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a NTFS t\u1ed1i \u0111a tr\u00ean Windows XP Professional l\u00e0 232\u22121 cluster. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 64 KiB cluster, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a NTFS t\u1ed1i \u0111a s\u1ebd l\u00e0 256 TiB tr\u1eeb 64 KiB. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc cluster m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 4 KiB, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a NTFS t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u00e0 16 TiB tr\u1eeb 4 KiB (c\u1ea3 hai l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n 128 GiB t\u0103ng th\u00eam trong Windows XP SP1). B\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng tr\u00ean \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a b\u1ea3n ghi kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 (MBR) ch\u1ec9 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng l\u00ean t\u1edbi 2 TiB, \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a GPT hay \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a NTFS kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean 2 TiB.", "C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng 2G k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi GPRS th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \"2.5G\", c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trung gian gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ee9 hai (2G) v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 ba (3G). N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u00eanh \u0110a truy c\u1eadp theo ph\u00e2n chia th\u1eddi gian (TDMA) \u0111ang c\u00f2n tr\u1ed1ng, v\u00ed d\u1ee5, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng GSM. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 suy ngh\u0129 s\u1ebd m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng GPRS \u0111\u1ec3 bao tr\u00f9m nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chu\u1ea9n GSM, do \u0111\u00f3 GSM l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng duy nh\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng GPRS. GPRS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o GSM Release 97 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh m\u1edbi h\u01a1n. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (ETSI) \u0111\u1eb7t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, nh\u01b0ng nay l\u00e0 D\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0110\u1ed1i t\u00e1c Th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 ba (3GPP).", "S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CS-4 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 20,0 kbit/s tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n th\u1eddi gian. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed9 bao ph\u1ee7 di \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng 25% b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. CS-1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ch\u1ec9 8,0 kbit/s tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n th\u1eddi gian, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 98% \u0111\u1ed9 bao ph\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng m\u1edbi h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn t\u00f9y v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i.", "S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CS-4 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 20,0 kbit/s tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n th\u1eddi gian. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed9 bao ph\u1ee7 di \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng 25% b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. CS-1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ch\u1ec9 8,0 kbit/s tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n th\u1eddi gian, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 98% \u0111\u1ed9 bao ph\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng m\u1edbi h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn t\u00f9y v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i.", "M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c xanthin n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. Theobromin (C7H8N4O2) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong s\u00f4 c\u00f4 la, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t trong hai nh\u00f3m m\u00eatyl \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n t\u1edbi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean l\u00f5i hai v\u00f2ng, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 theophyllin, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh suy\u1ec5n cu\u1ed1ng ph\u1ed5i.", "C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac (constitutional isomerism hay structural isomerism) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp th\u1ec3 (stereoisomerism).", "Do H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n Edinburgh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng cao \u0111\u1eb3ng lu\u1eadt s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n di s\u1ea3n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc St Andrews, Linh m\u1ee5c Robert Reid c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd St Magnus, Orkney. Nh\u1edd c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t Hi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Ho\u00e0ng gia, do vua James VI c\u1ee7a Scotland ban h\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1582 sau khi c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1i b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, v\u00ec h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t T\u00f4ng s\u1eafc. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u1edbi t\u00ean \"Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng Tounis\", tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadn sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1583. Vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc sinh t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1eddng St Andrews, Robert Rollock. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc th\u1ee9 n\u0103m c\u1ee7a Scotland trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 khi n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n h\u01a1n v\u00e0 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng Vua James v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1617. V\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 18, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n Khai s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1i Scotland.", "Trong th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2015, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh Go \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u1ea7u th\u1ee7 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p Go kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p tr\u00ean b\u00e0n c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn 19 \u00d7 19. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2016, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i Lee Sedol trong ba tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u n\u0103m tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh Go ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i 9-dan chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p  m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 thua Lee Sedol trong v\u00e1n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0, Lee ngh\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea5u tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, cho m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i 4 \u0111\u1ebfn 1 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 AlphaGo. Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a AlphaGo s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00e1y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e2y, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, c\u1ea3 t\u1eeb l\u1ed1i ch\u01a1i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.", "Gal Gadot ( /\u02c8\u0261\u0251\u02d0l \u0261\u0251\u02d0d\u0252t/; ti\u1ebfng Hebrew: \u05d2\u05dc \u05d2\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea\u200e; sinh ng\u00e0y 30 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1985) l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eabu, di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi Israel. C\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Hoa h\u1eadu Israel v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2004. V\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean, Gadot \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2009 v\u1edbi vai di\u1ec5n Gisele trong lo\u1ea1t phim Fast & Furious. N\u0103m 2016, Gadot v\u00e0o vai Wonder Woman trong b\u1ed9 phim Batman \u0111\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn Superman: \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng c\u00f4ng l\u00fd.Gal Gadot sinh ra v\u00e0 l\u1edbn l\u00ean \u1edf Rosh HaAyin, Israel. Cha c\u00f4 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 m\u1eb9 c\u00f4 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean. Gal Gadot l\u00e0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m Gucci Bamboo. Trong ti\u1ebfng Do Th\u00e1i, Gal c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \"s\u00f3ng\" v\u00e0 Gadot c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \"b\u1edd s\u00f4ng\". C\u00f4 l\u00e0 con g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a Irit (n\u00e9e Weiss), m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean, v\u00e0 Michael Gadot, m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 s\u01b0. C\u1ea3 hai b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec1u sinh ra \u1edf Israel. \u00d4ng b\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t sau n\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng Holocaust. T\u1ed5 ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 t\u1eeb Ba Lan-Do Th\u00e1i, \u00c1o-Do Th\u00e1i, \u0110\u1ee9c-Do Th\u00e1i, v\u00e0 S\u00e9c-Do Th\u00e1i. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc. C\u00f4 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 thi \u0111\u1ea5u t\u1ed1t trong m\u00f4n b\u00f3ng r\u1ed5 nh\u1edd chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a c\u00f4. Sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p trung h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc lu\u1eadt t\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Lu\u1eadt Reichman c\u1ee7a IDC Herzliya.", "Gal Gadot ( /\u02c8\u0261\u0251\u02d0l \u0261\u0251\u02d0d\u0252t/; ti\u1ebfng Hebrew: \u05d2\u05dc \u05d2\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea\u200e; sinh ng\u00e0y 30 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1985) l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eabu, di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi Israel. C\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Hoa h\u1eadu Israel v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2004. V\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean, Gadot \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2009 v\u1edbi vai di\u1ec5n Gisele trong lo\u1ea1t phim Fast & Furious. N\u0103m 2016, Gadot v\u00e0o vai Wonder Woman trong b\u1ed9 phim Batman \u0111\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn Superman: \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng c\u00f4ng l\u00fd.Gal Gadot sinh ra v\u00e0 l\u1edbn l\u00ean \u1edf Rosh HaAyin, Israel. Cha c\u00f4 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 m\u1eb9 c\u00f4 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean. Gal Gadot l\u00e0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m Gucci Bamboo. Trong ti\u1ebfng Do Th\u00e1i, Gal c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \"s\u00f3ng\" v\u00e0 Gadot c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \"b\u1edd s\u00f4ng\". C\u00f4 l\u00e0 con g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a Irit (n\u00e9e Weiss), m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean, v\u00e0 Michael Gadot, m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 s\u01b0. C\u1ea3 hai b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec1u sinh ra \u1edf Israel. \u00d4ng b\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t sau n\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng Holocaust. T\u1ed5 ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 t\u1eeb Ba Lan-Do Th\u00e1i, \u00c1o-Do Th\u00e1i, \u0110\u1ee9c-Do Th\u00e1i, v\u00e0 S\u00e9c-Do Th\u00e1i. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc. C\u00f4 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 thi \u0111\u1ea5u t\u1ed1t trong m\u00f4n b\u00f3ng r\u1ed5 nh\u1edd chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a c\u00f4. Sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p trung h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc lu\u1eadt t\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Lu\u1eadt Reichman c\u1ee7a IDC Herzliya.", "T\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty Android (Android, Inc.) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp t\u1ea1i Palo Alto, California v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2003 b\u1edfi Andy Rubin (\u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp c\u00f4ng ty Danger), Rich Miner (\u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp T\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty Vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng Wildfire), Nick Sears (t\u1eebng l\u00e0 Ph\u00f3 gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c T-Mobile), v\u00e0 Chris White (tr\u01b0\u1edfng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 giao di\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i WebTV) \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, theo l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Rubin, \"c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng minh h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 s\u1edf th\u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng\". D\u00f9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng t\u0103m, T\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty Android ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u00e2m th\u1ea7m, ch\u1ec9 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111ang l\u00e0m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m d\u00e0nh cho \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng. Trong n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3, Rubin h\u1ebft kinh ph\u00ed. Steve Perlman, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Rubin, mang cho \u00f4ng 10.000 USD ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t nh\u01b0ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng ty.Google mua l\u1ea1i T\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty Android v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 17 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 2005, bi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c Google. Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty Android, g\u1ed3m Rubin, Miner v\u00e0 White, v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ty l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c sau th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 T\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty, nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng Google d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh tham gia th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng sau b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i n\u00e0y. T\u1ea1i Google, nh\u00f3m do Rubin \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n Linux. Google qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng v\u1edbi l\u1eddi h\u1ee9a s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng uy\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p. Google \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t h\u00e3ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, b\u1eafn tin cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau.Ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u suy \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng Google s\u1ebd tham gia th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2006. Tin t\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a BBC v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt b\u00e1o ph\u1ed1 Wall ch\u00fa th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng Google mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111ang n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u1eabn online c\u0169ng vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 tin \u0111\u1ed3n r\u1eb1ng Google \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea7m tay mang th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u Google. M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i t\u1edd b\u00e1o c\u00f2n n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng trong khi Google v\u1eabn \u0111ang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chi ti\u1ebft, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1eabu cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng. Th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2007, InformationWeek \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Evalueserve cho bi\u1ebft Google \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed9p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n xin c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng.Ng\u00e0y 5 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2007, Li\u00ean minh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea7m tay m\u1edf (Open Handset Alliance), m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ty trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Texas Instruments, T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n Broadcom, Google, HTC, Intel, LG, T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n Marvell Technology, Motorola, Nvidia, Qualcomm, Samsung Electronics, Sprint Nextel v\u00e0 T-Mobile \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1edf cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y, Android c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra m\u1eaft v\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean minh, m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean nh\u00e2n Linux phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n 2.6. Chi\u1ebfc \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i ch\u1ea1y Android \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n ra l\u00e0 HTC Dream, ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y 22 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2008. Bi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Android m\u1edbi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con r\u00f4b\u1ed1t m\u00e0u xanh l\u00e1 c\u00e2y do h\u00e3ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf Irina Blok t\u1ea1i California v\u1ebd.T\u1eeb n\u0103m 2008, Android \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi v\u00e0 s\u1eeda c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1ed7i b\u1ea3n n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3ng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i, theo t\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n \u0103n tr\u00e1ng mi\u1ec7ng; v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n 1.5 Cupcake (b\u00e1nh b\u00f4ng lan nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 kem) ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n 1.6. Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 9.0 Pie ra m\u1eaft v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 2018 . V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2010, Google ra m\u1eaft lo\u1ea1t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb Nexus\u2014m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m bao g\u1ed3m \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea3ng ch\u1ea1y h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Android, do c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. HTC \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi Google trong chi\u1ebfc \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh Nexus \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, Nexus One. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1edbi h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 gia nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i Nexus 4 v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea3ng Nexus 10, l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t do LG v\u00e0 Samsung s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Google xem \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea3ng Nexus l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb Android ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Android.", "H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea1o b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1907 khi Robert Baden-Powell, m\u1ed9t trung t\u01b0\u1edbng trong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Anh, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u1eafm tr\u1ea1i H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea3o Brownsea \u1edf Anh. Baden-Powell vi\u1ebft ra c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea1o trong s\u00e1ch H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea1o cho nam (Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n, 1908), d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 tr\u1ee3 l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb Frederick Russell Burnham, t\u1eeb Ernest Thompson Seton l\u00e0 s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp vi\u00ean phong tr\u00e0o Woodcraft Indians, t\u1eeb William Alexander Smith l\u00e0 s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp vi\u00ean L\u1eef \u0111o\u00e0n Nam (Boys' Brigade) v\u00e0 t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Cyril Arthur Pearson. Trong n\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, phong tr\u00e0o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n bao g\u1ed3m ba l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u1ea4u, Thi\u1ebfu, v\u00e0 Tr\u00e1ng.", "Tr\u1eadn chung k\u1ebft UEFA Champions League n\u0103m 2000 l\u00e0 tr\u1eadn chung k\u1ebft th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m c\u1ee7a UEFA Champions League v\u00e0 l\u00e0 tr\u1eadn chung k\u1ebft th\u1ee9 b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m c\u1ee7a C\u00fap C1 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u1eefa hai \u0111\u1ed9i b\u00f3ng c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y Ban Nha, Real Madrid v\u00e0 Valencia tr\u00ean s\u00e2n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p \u1edf Saint-Denis, Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 24 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 2000. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c C\u00fap C1, 2 \u0111\u1ed9i b\u00f3ng c\u00f9ng 1 qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0o ch\u01a1i tr\u1eadn chung k\u1ebft. V\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng 3\u20130, Real Madrid l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 2 trong v\u00f2ng 3 n\u0103m v\u00e0 t\u00e1m l\u1ea7n t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng gi\u00e0nh C\u00fap C1 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.", "Theo \u0111i\u1ec1u tra d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 n\u0103m 2001 c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Mussoori c\u00f3 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 26.069 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ph\u00e1i nam chi\u1ebfm 56% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 d\u00e2n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1i n\u1eef chi\u1ebfm 44%. Mussoori c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 79% bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecdc bi\u1ebft vi\u1ebft, cao h\u01a1n t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 trung b\u00ecnh to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 59,5%: t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 cho ph\u00e1i nam l\u00e0 84%, v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 cho ph\u00e1i n\u1eef l\u00e0 73%. T\u1ea1i Mussoori, 10% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 6 tu\u1ed5i.", "R\u1eebng m\u01b0a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng hai ch\u1eef: n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u1ea9m. C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 18 \u0111\u1ed9 C (64 \u0111\u1ed9 F) trong c\u1ea3 n\u0103m. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a trung b\u00ecnh h\u00e0ng n\u0103m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 168 cm (66 inch) v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t h\u01a1n 1000 cm (390 inch) d\u00f9 r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa kho\u1ea3ng 175 cm (69 inch) v\u00e0 200 cm (79 inch). L\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a cao nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ea5t ngh\u00e8o ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng do c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng d\u1ec5 tan th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb r\u1eeda tr\u00f4i \u0111i.", "Trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 trong l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng PVO Strany (Qu\u00e2n Ch\u1ee7ng Ph\u00f2ng Kh\u00f4ng Li\u00ean X\u00f4) v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0110\u1ee9c, nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc MiG-19 \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c m\u00e1y bay do th\u00e1m c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c ch\u1ea1m tr\u00e1n gi\u1eefa MiG-19 v\u00e0 Lockheed U-2 v\u00e0o m\u00f9a thu n\u0103m 1957. Phi c\u00f4ng MiG-19 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y chi\u1ebfc U-2 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1eafn h\u1ea1, v\u00ec chi\u1ebfc U-2 bay cao h\u01a1n chi\u1ebfc MiG-19 7.000 foot. L\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 2 th\u00ec chi\u1ebfc U-2 c\u1ee7a Gary Powers kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p may m\u1eafn nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc MiG-19P b\u00e1m s\u00e1t truy k\u00edch, v\u00e0 b\u1ecb b\u1eafn h\u1ea1 b\u1edfi t\u00ean l\u1eeda SAM-2 (NATO g\u1ecdi l\u00e0: SA-2 'Guideline') v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1960. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1960, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc MiG-19 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eafn h\u1ea1 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc RB-47H s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u S/N 53-4281, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y bay do th\u00e1m \u0111ang bay nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 trong kh\u00f4ng ph\u1eadn Li\u00ean X\u00f4, l\u00e0m ch\u1ebft 4 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u1eaft gi\u1eef (sau \u0111\u00f3 2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi ph\u00eda M\u1ef9 n\u0103m 1961). M\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u1eefa l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 28 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1964, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc MiG-19 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eafn h\u1ea1 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc T-39 Sabreliner \u0111ang bay l\u1ea1c trong kh\u00f4ng ph\u1eadn \u0110\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ee9c khi \u0111ang bay hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n, c\u1ea3 ba phi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eed n\u1ea1n.", "Hai \u0111\u1ec9nh, Th\u1ea5t Tinh S\u01a1n v\u00e0 N\u00fai \u0110\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ed3n, n\u1ed5i l\u00ean \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Th\u1ea5t Tinh S\u01a1n n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean Nh\u00f3m n\u00fai l\u1eeda \u0110\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ecba \u0110\u00e0i B\u1eafc, \u0111\u1ec9nh ch\u00ednh trong nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 cao \u0111\u1ed9 1.120 m\u00e9t (3.670 ft). \u0110\u1ec9nh ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00fai \u0110\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ed3n cao 1.092 m\u00e9t (3.583 ft). Ch\u00fang nguy\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u00fai l\u1eeda v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u00eda t\u00e2y c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Qu\u1ed1c gia D\u01b0\u01a1ng Minh S\u01a1n, tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i t\u1eeb n\u00fai \u0110\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ed3n \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u1eafc t\u1edbi n\u00fai Th\u00e1i C\u00f4ng Khanh (\u83dc\u516c\u5751\u5c71). N\u1eb1m tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i v\u00f5ng c\u1ee7a hai ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai, khu v\u1ef1c c\u0169ng bao g\u1ed3m v\u0169ng l\u1ea7y \u0110\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ed3n.", "Kamen sinh ng\u00e0y 27.8.1913 t\u1ea1i Toronto, Canada, l\u00e0 con c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nga nh\u1eadp c\u01b0. \u00d4ng l\u1edbn l\u00ean \u1edf Chicago, Hoa K\u1ef3. \u00d4ng h\u1ecdc \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Chicago, \u0111\u1eadu b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc n\u0103m 1933 v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 h\u00f3a l\u00fd n\u0103m 1936. Sau \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng xin l\u00e0m nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Ernest Lawrence \u1edf Ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m qu\u1ed1c gia Lawrence Berkeley, n\u01a1i \u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u01b0\u01a1ng trong 6 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u, r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o l\u00e0m gi\u00e1m th\u1ecb vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y gia t\u1ed1c. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n cacbon-14 di\u1ec5n ra \u1edf Ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y khi Kamen v\u00e0 Samuel Ruben b\u1eafn ph\u00e1 than ch\u00ec trong m\u00e1y gia t\u1ed1c v\u1edbi hy v\u1ecdng l\u00e0 s\u1ebd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a cacbon \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u1edf qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quang h\u1ee3p. Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cacbon-14.", "B\u00e0 sinh t\u1ea1i Uppsala, l\u00e0 con tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh kh\u00e1 gi\u1ea3. B\u00e0 h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0nh t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Uppsala. B\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1930, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n.", "Ng\u00e0y 7 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2016, Baekhyun v\u00e0 Suzy, th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nh\u00f3m nh\u1ea1c n\u1eef miss A, ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh b\u00e0i h\u00e1t song ca \"Dream\". B\u00e0i h\u00e1t nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cao nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u01a1n c\u1ee7a Gaon, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng n\u0103m l\u1ea7n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c Music Bank v\u00e0 Inkigayo. Th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2016, Baekhyun nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Ca s\u0129 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau th\u00edch nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 trao gi\u1ea3i YinYueTai V-Chart Awards l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 4.", "Bulgaria Air \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2002 do Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Giao th\u00f4ng V\u1eadn t\u1ea3i Bulgaria \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebf th\u1eeba h\u00e3ng Balkan Bulgarian Airlines b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n. Bulgaria Air b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 4.12.2002. T\u00ean v\u00e0 logo c\u1ee7a h\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn t\u1eeb 1 cu\u1ed9c thi c\u00f4ng khai H\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a n\u0103m 2006. L\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3n r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 mu\u1ed1n b\u00e1n h\u00e3ng cho nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 v\u1ed1n l\u1edbn, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng do h\u00e3ng \"Hemus Air\" d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u, tranh mua v\u1edbi h\u00e3ng Air One c\u1ee7a \u00dd . H\u00e3ng Hemus Air \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Bulgaria ch\u1ecdn b\u00e1n. Hemus Air \u0111\u00e3 mua b\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1 6,6 tri\u1ec7u euro v\u00e0 h\u1ee9a s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u00eam 86 tri\u1ec7u euro n\u1eefa trong v\u00f2ng 5 n\u0103m t\u1edbi. T\u1eeb n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i h\u00e3ng \u0111\u00e3 mua th\u00eam 15 m\u00e1y bay m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn bay qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.", "Bulgaria Air \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2002 do Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Giao th\u00f4ng V\u1eadn t\u1ea3i Bulgaria \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebf th\u1eeba h\u00e3ng Balkan Bulgarian Airlines b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n. Bulgaria Air b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 4.12.2002. T\u00ean v\u00e0 logo c\u1ee7a h\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn t\u1eeb 1 cu\u1ed9c thi c\u00f4ng khai H\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a n\u0103m 2006. L\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3n r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 mu\u1ed1n b\u00e1n h\u00e3ng cho nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 v\u1ed1n l\u1edbn, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng do h\u00e3ng \"Hemus Air\" d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u, tranh mua v\u1edbi h\u00e3ng Air One c\u1ee7a \u00dd . H\u00e3ng Hemus Air \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Bulgaria ch\u1ecdn b\u00e1n. Hemus Air \u0111\u00e3 mua b\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1 6,6 tri\u1ec7u euro v\u00e0 h\u1ee9a s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u00eam 86 tri\u1ec7u euro n\u1eefa trong v\u00f2ng 5 n\u0103m t\u1edbi. T\u1eeb n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i h\u00e3ng \u0111\u00e3 mua th\u00eam 15 m\u00e1y bay m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn bay qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.", "Tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i c\u1ee7a Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed, m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra ADN c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft. Theo \u0111\u00f3, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eafc th\u1ec3 Y chung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 con ch\u00e1u theo d\u00f2ng nam c\u1ee7a Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed. N\u1ebfu th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 con ch\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, cha truy\u1ec1n cho con, nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nam c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eafc th\u1ec3 Y gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ecf x\u1ea3y ra theo th\u1eddi gian. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u0103m 2009, nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m tra ADN. Bryan Sykes, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 di truy\u1ec1n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Oxford, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y: \"D\u00f2ng d\u00f5i gia \u0111\u00ecnh Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n v\u0103n h\u00f3a quan tr\u1ecdng... \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t khoa h\u1ecdc.\" Cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m tra ADN d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ed5 sung nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi v\u00e0o d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i gia \u0111\u00ecnh Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed, m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n gia ph\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t v\u00ec nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX.", "Ashly Burch (sinh ng\u00e0y 19 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1990) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eef di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean, n\u1eef di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean l\u1ed3ng ti\u1ebfng, ca s\u1ef9, ki\u00eam nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9. Burch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi vai l\u1ed3ng ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a Aloy trong tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i video Horizon Zero Dawn, Tiny Tina in the video game Borderlands 2, lo\u1ea1t game tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng Hey Ash, Whatcha Playin'?, Chloe Price trong video game Life Is Strange, Mayuri Shiina t\u1eeb Steins;Gate v\u00e0 Sasha Braus t\u1eeb Attack on Titan.", "Handler sinh ra t\u1ea1i San Francisco, California, con trai c\u1ee7a Sandra Handler (n\u00e9e Walpole), m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng cao \u0111\u1eb3ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 San Francisco Dean \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u1ec9 h\u01b0u, v\u00e0 Louis Handler, k\u1ebf to\u00e1n vi\u00ean. Cha c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t ref n\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh Hugh Walpole qua m\u1eb9 \u00f4ng. Anh c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t em g\u00e1i, Rebecca Handler. Handler \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 kh\u00e1t khao t\u1eeb th\u1eddi th\u01a1 \u1ea5u, v\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 y\u00eau th\u00edch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 William Keepers Maxwell, Jr. \u00d4ng theo h\u1ecdc Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ti\u1ec3u H\u1ecdc Commander, tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc Herbert Hoover, v\u00e0 Lowell High School. \u00d4ng t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Wesleyan n\u0103m 1992. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao gi\u1ea3i Connectetut Student Poet Prize n\u0103m 1992 m\u00e0 \u00f4ng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u00edch ra Elizabeth Bishop. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ef1u sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m San Francisco Boys Chorus.", "Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ADN ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng lo\u00e0i h\u1ed5 Sumatra \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp t\u1eeb c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 h\u1ed5 kh\u00e1c sau khi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n d\u00e2ng l\u00ean \u1edf bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Pleistocen v\u00e0 Holocen kho\u1ea3ng 12.000-6.000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Trong th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a n\u00e0y, lo\u00e0i h\u1ed5 Sumatra b\u1ecb c\u00f4 l\u1eadp v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t di truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i h\u1ed5 s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t li\u00ean quan ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi nhau.", "L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi em h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 h\u1ea1 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u1ef1u T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Iraq Saddam Hussein, \u00f4ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean n\u1ed5i danh trong th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1980 v\u00e0 1990 cho vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Iraq ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 t\u1ed9c n\u1ed5i lo\u1ea1n Kurd t\u1ea1i ph\u00eda b\u1eafc, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o Chiisme b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n Nam. \u00d4ng al-Majid c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7t danh l\u00e0 \"Ali h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc\" v\u00ec \u00f4ng t\u1eebng cho s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1..Al-Majid b\u1ecb b\u1eaft theo sau cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Iraq 2003 v\u00e0 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i \u00e1c chi\u1ebfn tranh, t\u1ed9i \u00e1c ch\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u1ed9i di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng. \u00d4ng b\u1ecb k\u1ebft \u00e1n v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6-2007 v\u00e0 b\u1ecb t\u1eed h\u00ecnh cho t\u1ed9i \u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m trong chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Anfal th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1980. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u00e1c b\u1ecf ng\u00e0y 4 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2007.", "\u00c1p su\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n trung b\u00ecnh (MSLP) l\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n trung b\u00ecnh \u1edf m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra trong b\u00e1o c\u00e1o th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e0i ph\u00e1t thanh, truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean Internet. Khi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, h\u1ecd \u0111o \u00e1p l\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n.", "JQuery th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n JavaScript \u0111a tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ph\u00eda m\u00e1y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a HTML , ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2006 t\u1ea1i BarCamp NYC b\u1edfi John Resig. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi h\u01a1n 52% trong 10.000 truy c\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c trang web, jQuery l\u00e0 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n JavaScript ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0y nay jQuery mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, k\u00e9p c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p theo MIT Gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p GNU General Public License, phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n 2  jQuery c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, ch\u1ecdn DOM c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, t\u1ea1o ra ho\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh s, x\u1eed l\u00fd S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Ajax \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. jQuery c\u0169ng cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra plug-in s tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u trang c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n JavaScript. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng cao c\u1ea5p, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111\u1ec3 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n jQuery cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng web v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web.", "JQuery th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n JavaScript \u0111a tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ph\u00eda m\u00e1y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a HTML , ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2006 t\u1ea1i BarCamp NYC b\u1edfi John Resig. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi h\u01a1n 52% trong 10.000 truy c\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c trang web, jQuery l\u00e0 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n JavaScript ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0y nay jQuery mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, k\u00e9p c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p theo MIT Gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p GNU General Public License, phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n 2  jQuery c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, ch\u1ecdn DOM c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, t\u1ea1o ra ho\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh s, x\u1eed l\u00fd S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Ajax \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. jQuery c\u0169ng cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra plug-in s tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u trang c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n JavaScript. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng cao c\u1ea5p, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111\u1ec3 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n jQuery cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng web v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web.", "Microsoft v\u00e0 Nokia \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u00f3 jQuery tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, Microsoft \u0111ang \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u trong v\u00f2ng Visual Studio  cho s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong Microsoft c\u1ee7a ASP.NET AJAX khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ASP.NET MVC Framework trong khi Nokia \u0111\u00e3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p n\u00f3 v\u00e0o n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng Web Run-Time ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n widget c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd  jQuery c\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong MediaWiki http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/JQuery", "S\u00e2n bay Paris \u2013 Orly (ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p: A\u00e9roport de Paris \u2013 Orly) (IATA: ORY, ICAO: LFPO) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u00e2n bay t\u1ecda l\u1ea1c t\u1ea1i Orly v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1i Villeneuve-le-Roi, Nam c\u1ee7a Paris, Ph\u00e1p. S\u00e2n bay n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn bay \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, Trung \u0110\u00f4ng, ch\u00e2u Phi v\u00e0 Caribe. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng S\u00e2n bay qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Charles de Gaulle, Orly l\u00e0 s\u00e2n bay ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Paris. S\u00e2n bay c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 15,3 km\u00b2 \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean hai t\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3y x\u00e3:", "C\u00e1c kh\u1ea9u Owen sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u00dac trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 chi\u1ebfn tranh Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m b\u1ed9 binh trinh s\u00e1t. N\u00f3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u00dac cho \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 60 khi m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c kh\u1ea9u ti\u1ec3u li\u00ean F1 v\u00e0 AR-15. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i M\u00e3 Lai b\u1edfi c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n \u0111o\u00e0n Anh, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trung nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i s\u00fang th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u trong r\u1eebng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi.", "Dr. Joseph Ignace Guillotin (ph\u00e1t \u00e2m ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p: [\u0261ij\u0254t\u025b\u0303]; 28 th\u00e1ng 5, 1738 \u2013 26 th\u00e1ng 3, 1814) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia v\u00e0 l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean H\u1ed9i Tam \u0110i\u1ec3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh \u1edf Ph\u00e1p, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed t\u1eed \u00edt \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 10 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1789. D\u00f9 \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t minh ra m\u00e1y ch\u00e9m, v\u00e0 tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh, t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u00e9m. Nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t minh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi mang t\u00ean Antoine Louis.", "Thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u cho \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2015. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta tin r\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a delamanid s\u1ebd t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 bedaquiline, v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed cho s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 900 USD \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5p, 3.000 USD \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 30.000 USD \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc thu nh\u1eadp cao. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2016,  Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ec7nh lao \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn mua thu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 1.700 USD m\u1ed7i s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng.", "Di t\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng thuy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb c\u1ea3ng Mariel (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Mariel boatlift, ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y Ban Nha: \u00c9xodo del Mariel) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn di c\u01b0 h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n Cuba t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng 4 cho \u0111\u1ebfn 31 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1980 t\u1eeb qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ebfn bang Florida, mi\u1ec1n nam n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n \u0111i t\u1eeb c\u1ea3ng Mariel g\u1ea7n th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 Cuba Havana, n\u01a1i h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 t\u1edbi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb mi\u1ec1n Nam Florida b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i thuy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00f3n h\u1ecd sang Hoa K\u1ef3. V\u1ee5 di t\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1edfi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu nh\u00e0 \u1edf v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m do t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m c\u1ee7a Cuba, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng \u00e2m \u1ec9 n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 tr\u00ean h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y.Sau khi kho\u1ea3ng 10.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Cuba c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u1ed1n v\u00e0o s\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 qu\u00e1n Peru, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Cuba \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai mu\u1ed1n r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi Cuba th\u00ec s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p ra \u0111i. Vi\u1ec7c di c\u01b0 \u1ed3 \u1ea1t ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 g\u1ed1c Cuba v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Cuba Fidel Castro. S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n \u1edf M\u1ef9 g\u00e2y t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c cho T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 Jimmy Carter, khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u01b0u vong \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3 ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u00f9 v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n Cuba. Cu\u1ed9c di t\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng thuy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb c\u1ea3ng Mariel \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa hai Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1980, sau khi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 125.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Cuba \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi Florida.", "Lee Kun-hee (sinh ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1942) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, doanh nh\u00e2n, t\u1ef7 ph\u00fa ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c ki\u00eam ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed Samsung. \u00d4ng t\u1eebng t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2008, do m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 b\u00ea b\u1ed1i qu\u1ef9 \u0111en c\u1ee7a Samsung nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 24 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2010. \u00d4ng th\u00f4ng th\u1ea1o ti\u1ebfng H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, ti\u1ebfng Anh v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt. N\u0103m 1996, \u00f4ng Lee tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y ban Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. V\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng $20.7 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la M\u1ef9, \u00f4ng v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Forbes x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng v\u00e0o top nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 con trai th\u1ee9 ba c\u1ee7a Lee Byung-chul \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n Samsung.\u00d4ng Lee \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vinh danh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c th\u1ee9 41 c\u1ee7a trong danh s\u00e1ch \"Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi\" do T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Forbes b\u00ecnh ch\u1ecdn n\u0103m 2013, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 hai sau \u00f4ng Ban Ki-moon.", "T\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9 k\u1ebft th\u00fac, h\u01a1n 200 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em c\u1ee7a Lakota \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 51 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng (4 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng v\u00e0 47 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft sau \u0111\u00f3); m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0a ra con s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 300. Hai m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng, v\u00e0 39 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng (6 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft) C\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai m\u01b0\u01a1i binh s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao t\u1eb7ng Hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Danh d\u1ef1. N\u0103m 2001, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng qua hai ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft l\u00ean \u00e1n c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 M\u1ef9 hu\u1ef7 b\u1ecf ch\u00fang. Chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng Wounded Knee \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o danh m\u1ee5c danh lam l\u1ecbch s\u1eed qu\u1ed1c gia.", "N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c v\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng hoa. Khai m\u1ecf c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng, d\u1eabu cho vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1 gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fang c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a h\u1ed7n t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c nhau.", "Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 chai v\u1edbi m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi R. B. Bean, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Philadelphia. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1906 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ee3i m\u1edf r\u1eb1ng \"k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a th\u1ec3 chai c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t\" v\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eefa nam v\u00e0 n\u1eef. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd do b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi kh\u00ed h\u1eadu ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ec3 chai c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c nhau. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng sau c\u00f9ng th\u00ec b\u1ecb b\u00e1c b\u1ecf b\u1edfi Franklin Mall, gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh.", "Album n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Springsteen, Born to Run v\u00e0 Born in the U.S.A., th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n thi\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 cao qu\u00fd trong mu\u00f4n v\u00e0n gian tru\u00e2n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 19 gi\u1ea3i Grammy, 2 gi\u1ea3i Qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7u v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 1 gi\u1ea3i Oscar. Springsteen \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 65 tri\u1ec7u album ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 120 tri\u1ec7u album tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.", "1973: The Wild, the Innocent & the E Street Shuffle", "Huy\u1ec7n Poonch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t huy\u1ec7n thu\u1ed9c bang Jammu and Kashmir, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Th\u1ee7 ph\u1ee7 huy\u1ec7n Poonch \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf Poonch. Huy\u1ec7n Poonch c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 1674 ki l\u00f4 m\u00e9t vu\u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u0103m 2001, huy\u1ec7n Poonch c\u00f3 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 371561 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.", "C\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Spartacus. Plutarch m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u00f4ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \"m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Thracia c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c du c\u01b0\" v\u00e0 \"c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u00e9t Hy l\u1ea1p h\u01a1n l\u00e0 Thracia\" khi vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Appian n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng l\u00e0 \"m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Thracia b\u1edfi d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n nh\u00e2n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Roman nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u1ecb b\u00e1n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u00f5 s\u0129 gi\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea5u.\" Florus (2.8.8) \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng\" l\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1nh thu\u00ea Thracia, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u00ednh La M\u00e3, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh \u0111\u00e0o ng\u0169 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ean c\u01b0\u1edbp v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, m\u1ed9t v\u00f5 s\u0129 gi\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea5u\". M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 quy cho \u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c b\u1ed9 t\u1ed9c Maedi c\u1ee7a Thracia, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf m\u00e9p t\u00e2y nam c\u1ee7a Thrace (nay l\u00e0 t\u00e2y nam-Bun-ga-ri). C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t Gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Thracia Desudava, n\u1eb1m trong khu v\u1ef1c ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0 Sandanski n\u01a1i m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. Plutarch c\u0169ng vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, v\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Spartacus, m\u1ed9t n\u1eef ti\u00ean tri c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c c\u0169ng b\u1ecb b\u1eaft l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u00f4ng. T\u00ean Spartacus c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft theo c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c Bi\u1ec3n \u0110en: Vua c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i Thracia c\u1ee7a v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Cimmerian Bosporus  v\u00e0 Pontus  \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Thracia \"Spardacus\" ho\u1eb7c \"Sparadokos\", cha c\u1ee7a Seuthes I c\u1ee7a Odrysae, or \"Sparadokos\", c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.", "C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc Plutarch, Appian v\u00e0 Florus \u0111\u1ec1u cho r\u1eb1ng Spartacus \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft trong tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Appian c\u0169ng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y. S\u00e1u ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m phi\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n b\u1ecb b\u1eaft gi\u1eef b\u1edfi Crassus v\u00e0 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111inh v\u00e0o th\u1eadp gi\u00e1, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i su\u1ed1t Appian Way t\u1eeb Rome cho t\u1edbi Capua.", "C\u00f3 3.282 h\u1ed9, trong \u0111\u00f3 31,20% c\u00f3 tr\u1ebb em d\u01b0\u1edbi 18 tu\u1ed5i s\u1ed1ng chung v\u1edbi h\u1ecd, 51,80% l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi nhau, 9,3% c\u00f3 n\u1eef h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed3ng, v\u00e0 34,2% gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng. 29,6% c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 11,5% c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh 65 tu\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u1ee1 h\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 2,42 v\u00e0 c\u1ee1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 3.01.", "V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 18 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1916, Kronprinz tham gia m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch b\u1eafn ph\u00e1 Sunderland. \u0110\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c Scheer t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y 31 th\u00e1ng 5: hai t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn-tu\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ee9c c\u00f2n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn Moltke v\u00e0 Von der Tann, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00eam ba thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p h\u1ea1m, s\u1ebd b\u1eafn ph\u00e1 th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n ven bi\u1ec3n Sunderland nh\u1eb1m thu h\u00fat v\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u00e1c t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn-tu\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Beatty. Ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a H\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i Bi\u1ec3n kh\u01a1i, bao g\u1ed3m Kronprinz, s\u1ebd theo sau \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. Ph\u00eda Anh \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 H\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i Grand xu\u1ea5t tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u. \u0110\u1ebfn 14 gi\u1edd 35 ph\u00fat, Scheer \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a H\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i Grand, v\u00e0 v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 H\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i Grand ch\u1ec9 m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n sau khi tr\u1eadn Jutland k\u1ebft th\u00fac, n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 quay m\u0169i l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh r\u00fat lui tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u1ea3ng \u0110\u1ee9c.Kronprinz tham gia hai ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c: m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c xu\u1ea5t qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00eda B\u1eafc Helgoland v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 16 th\u00e1ng 7 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee3t ti\u1ebfn ra B\u1eafc H\u1ea3i v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 18\u201320 th\u00e1ng 10, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u di\u1ec5n ra v\u00f4 s\u1ef1. Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a H\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9i 3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u1ec3n Baltic cho \u0111\u1ee3t hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 2 th\u00e1ng 11. Khi quay tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho vi\u1ec7c thu h\u1ed3i hai t\u00e0u ng\u1ea7m U-boat b\u1ecb m\u1eafc c\u1ea1n t\u1ea1i b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n \u0110an M\u1ea1ch. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng quay tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 5 th\u00e1ng 11, Kronprinz b\u1ecb tr\u00fang ng\u01b0 l\u00f4i ph\u00f3ng t\u1eeb t\u00e0u ng\u1ea7m Anh J1 \u1edf g\u1ea7n Horns Reef. Qu\u1ea3 ng\u01b0 l\u00f4i \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u00fang con t\u00e0u ngay b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00e1p ph\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u0169i, khi\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng 250 t\u1ea5n (250 t\u1ea5n Anh; 280 t\u1ea5n thi\u1ebfu) n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00e0n v\u00e0o trong t\u00e0u; tuy nhi\u00ean Kronprinz v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 quay tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3ng. Ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u1ee5 t\u00e0u c\u1ee7a X\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00e0u \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Wilhelmshaven \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, v\u1ed1n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 4 th\u00e1ng 12.Sau khi gia nh\u1eadp tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i H\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9i 3, Kronprinz tham gia \u0111\u1ee3t hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i Baltic tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn tu\u1ea7n tra ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 t\u1ea1i German Bight. Trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 5 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1917, Kronprinz m\u1eafc tai n\u1ea1n b\u1ecb con t\u00e0u ch\u1ecb em Grosser Kurf\u00fcrst h\u00fac ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i Heligoland Bight. V\u1ee5 va ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn con t\u00e0u b\u1ecb tr\u00e0n n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eb9, kho\u1ea3ng 600 t (590 t\u1ea5n Anh; 660 t\u1ea5n thi\u1ebfu) n\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u00f3 l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0o \u1ee5 t\u00e0u t\u1ea1i Wilhelmshaven \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 6 th\u00e1ng 3 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 17 th\u00e1ng 5. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 11 th\u00e1ng 9, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho t\u00e1ch ra \u0111\u1ec3 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i Baltic; sau \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng gia nh\u1eadp m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Albion.", "King d\u1eabn d\u1eaft cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea9y chay xe bu\u00fdt di\u1ec5n ra \u1edf Montgomery (1955-1956), v\u00e0 gi\u00fap th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o C\u01a1 \u0110\u1ed1c mi\u1ec1n Nam (1957), tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y. N\u0103m 1963, King t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c cu\u1ed9c tu\u1ea7n h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i Washington, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i di\u1ec5n v\u0103n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \"T\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1\" tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ee5 t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e2y. \u00d4ng n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u1ec1 phong tr\u00e0o d\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 h\u00f9ng bi\u1ec7n v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Hoa K\u1ef3. N\u0103m 1964, King l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn Gi\u1ea3i Nobel H\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00ec nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t n\u1ea1n k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c qua bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea5t tu\u00e2n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c.", "Nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y, osechi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 o-sechi v\u1edbi o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec1n t\u1ed1 k\u00ednh ng\u1eef v\u00e0 sechi (\u7bc0: ti\u1ebft) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f9a; ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 \u00e2m n\u00f4m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 \"t\u1ebft\". Theo l\u1ecbch c\u1ed5 th\u00ec m\u1ed9t n\u0103m c\u00f3 n\u0103m (5) sekku (\u7bc0\u53e5: ti\u1ebft c\u00e2u) v\u00e0 t\u1ebft nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00e1n v\u1ed1n du nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb Trung Hoa l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t. Trong ba ng\u00e0y t\u1ebft, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt cho l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0103n nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n b\u1ed5 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1m l\u00e0nh. Tr\u1eeb zoni ph\u1ea3i \u0111un n\u01b0\u1edbc canh th\u00ec c\u00e1c m\u00f3n kia \u0103n ngu\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c b\u1ebfp n\u00fac.", "David Copperfield l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Charles Dickens, nguy\u00ean t\u00e1c: The Personal History, Adventures, Experience and Observation of David Copperfield the Younger of Blunderstone Rookery (Which He Never Meant to Publish on Any Account), C\u00e1c h\u1ed3i k\u00fd c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, cu\u1ed9c phi\u00eau l\u01b0u th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m, tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a David Copperfield tr\u1ebb, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1850. Nhi\u1ec1u chi ti\u1ebft trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eaft l\u1ecdc t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n, v\u00ec th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m mang t\u00ednh t\u1ef1 truy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eadm n\u00e9t nh\u1ea5t trong kho t\u00e0ng v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Charles Dickens. Trong L\u1eddi t\u1ef1a s\u00e1ch \u1ea5n b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1867, C. Dickens b\u1ed9c b\u1ea1ch: \"\u2026nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc cha m\u1eb9 n\u00e2ng niu con c\u00e1i, t\u00f4i \u00f4m \u1ea5p trong tr\u00e1i tim m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a con tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. V\u00e0 t\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9a b\u00e9 l\u00e0 David Copperfield\".", "David Lloyd Johnston l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Canada. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadm ch\u1ee9c To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n Canada v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2010 theo s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eed c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Stephen Harper v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c N\u1eef ho\u00e0ng Anh Elizabeth II ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn, thay th\u1ebf Micha\u00eblle Jean. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 v\u1ecb to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 28 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Li\u00ean bang Canada. T\u1ea1i Canada, To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n Johnston l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho n\u1eef ho\u00e0ng Anh v\u00e0 tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Canada. Johnston sinh ra v\u00e0 l\u1edbn l\u00ean t\u1ea1i Ontario, h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ghi danh t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Harvard, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Cambridge (Anh), \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Queen's (Canada) v\u00e0 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Canada, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 n\u1eafm gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y.", "Criss Angel l\u00e0 ng\u00f4i sao v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e0n d\u1ef1ng show Criss Angel Mindfreak c\u1ee7a k\u00eanh A&E Network. Ph\u1ea7n 1 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n 2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quay t\u1ea1i The Aladdin \u1edf Las Vegas v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n 3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quay t\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n Luxor. 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\u0935\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u091b\u092e\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u0940, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092a\u0948\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0908 \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0940\u0964 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u092f\u0947 \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u090f, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0935\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f \u092a\u093e\u0907\u0902\u091f \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0948\u0921\u0947\u091f \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u090f\u0964 \u092f\u0947 \u090d\u0932\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u090f \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0967\u096e\u0968\u096d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0908, \u0924\u0948\u092e\u0930\u0932\u0947\u0928 \u0910\u0923\u094d\u0921 \u0905\u0926\u0930 \u092a\u094b\u092f\u092e\u094d\u0938 (\u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0940: Tamerlane and Other Poems, \u0924\u0948\u092e\u0942\u0930 \u0932\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0935\u093f\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901), \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0917\u0939 \"\u090f \u092c\u094b\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0928\" (\u090f\u0915 \u092c\u094b\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0928-\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938\u0940) \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964", "\u092a\u094b \u0928\u0947 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u0917\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u092b \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0917\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0908 \u0938\u093e\u0932 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0932\u094b\u091a\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0906\u0932\u094b\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0941\u090f\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u092f\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0940\u092e\u094b\u0930, \u092b\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0921\u0947\u0932\u094d\u092b\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942 \u092f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u093e\u092b\u0940 \u0918\u0942\u092e\u0947\u0964 \u0967\u096e\u0969\u096b \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0940\u092e\u094b\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0926\u0942\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0924\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0967\u0969 \u0938\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0932\u0947\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u0906, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092f\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0939\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0924\u092a\u0947\u0926\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u091a\u0932 \u092c\u0938\u0940\u0902\u0964 \u091c\u0928\u0935\u0930\u0940 \u0967\u096e\u096a\u096b \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094b \u0928\u0947 \u0926 \u0930\u0947\u0935\u0928 (\u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0940: The Raven, \u0915\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0915\u094c\u0935\u093e) \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0935\u093f\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940, \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093e\u092b\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0916\u0941\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \"\u0926 \u092a\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0928\" (\u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0940: The Penn) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u0915\u0940, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0941 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u0908\u0964 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0941 \u092c\u093e\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0940\u092e\u094b\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u096a\u0966 \u0938\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0908, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0905\u092d\u0940 \u0924\u0915 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u091a\u0932 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0936\u0930\u093e\u092c, \u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091c\u0928, \u0939\u0948\u091c\u093e, \u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0940 \u0926\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0901, \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0930\u094b\u0917 \u0907\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0947\u092c\u0940\u091c\u093c, \u0924\u092a\u0947\u0926\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u091f\u0915\u0932\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964", "\u092a\u094b \u0928\u0947 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u0917\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u092b \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0917\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0908 \u0938\u093e\u0932 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0932\u094b\u091a\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0906\u0932\u094b\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0941\u090f\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u092f\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0940\u092e\u094b\u0930, \u092b\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0921\u0947\u0932\u094d\u092b\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942 \u092f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u093e\u092b\u0940 \u0918\u0942\u092e\u0947\u0964 \u0967\u096e\u0969\u096b \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0940\u092e\u094b\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0926\u0942\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0924\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0967\u0969 \u0938\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0932\u0947\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u0906, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092f\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0939\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0924\u092a\u0947\u0926\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u091a\u0932 \u092c\u0938\u0940\u0902\u0964 \u091c\u0928\u0935\u0930\u0940 \u0967\u096e\u096a\u096b \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094b \u0928\u0947 \u0926 \u0930\u0947\u0935\u0928 (\u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0940: The Raven, 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\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093f\u0924\u093f (RMA) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 1936 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921\u092c\u0948\u0902\u0921 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u0905\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0926\u092f \u0907\u092e\u0947\u091c \u0930\u0947\u091c\u094b\u0932\u0941\u091c\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964 NTSC \u0928\u0947 RCA \u0915\u0947 441 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0948\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 (RCA \u0915\u0947 NBC TV \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e 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\u0938\u092e\u093f\u0924\u093f (RMA) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 1936 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921\u092c\u0948\u0902\u0921 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u0905\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0926\u092f \u0907\u092e\u0947\u091c \u0930\u0947\u091c\u094b\u0932\u0941\u091c\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964 NTSC \u0928\u0947 RCA \u0915\u0947 441 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0948\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 (RCA \u0915\u0947 NBC TV \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0940 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\u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0928\u0915\u093e \u090a\u0930\u094d\u0927\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u0947\u0926\u0928 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u0947\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 25 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092e\u094d\u0938 \u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947\u0915\u0923\u094d\u0921 50 \u092b\u0940\u0932\u094d\u0921\u094d\u0938 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f \u0915\u092e \u0939\u0948\u0964", "525 \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0935\u0948\u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e \u091f\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092c \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 TV \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0935\u094b\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0947\u091c-\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0926\u094b\u0932\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0948\u0924\u093f\u091c \u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0906\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0941\u0917\u0928\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0930 \u091a\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u0906\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0906\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f (\u0907\u0938 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 60 \u0939\u0930\u094d\u091f\u094d\u091c) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e (\u0907\u0938 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 525) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0925\u0940). \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u0907\u0938 \u0906\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e 60 \u0939\u0930\u094d\u091f\u094d\u091c \u092a\u093e\u0935\u0930-\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0906\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u0902\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0926\u094b\u0932\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b 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\u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092e \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0924\u0932\u092c \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092e \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u092e \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0924\u0915 \u0935\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0938 \u0906\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0938\u092e \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092e \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0924\u0915 \u0935\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0938 \u0906\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0905\u0924: \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0935 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0915\u093f\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 500 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0940\u092c\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e 3 \u00d7 5 \u00d7 5 \u00d7 7 = 525 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939, 625-\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 PAL-B/G \u0914\u0930 SECAM 5 \u00d7 5 \u00d7 5 \u00d7 5 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 405-\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e 3 \u00d7 3 \u00d7 3 \u00d7 3 \u00d7 5 \u0915\u093e \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947\u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0902\u091a 819-\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u0915\u093e 3 \u00d7 3 \u00d7 7 \u00d7 13 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 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\u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0915\u092d\u0940-\u0915\u092d\u0940 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092b\u0902\u0926\u0947 \u091f\u0942\u091f\u0915\u0930 \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094b\u0928\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0930\u0935\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a\u0923 (coronal mass ejection) \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u0928 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094c\u0930 \u0909\u092d\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964", "\u0938\u094c\u0930 \u0909\u092d\u093e\u0930 (solar prominence) \u0938\u0942\u0930\u091c \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u090a\u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0941\u0902\u0921\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092d\u0930\u0940 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\"\u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0926\u094b\u0902\u0917\" \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0926\u0932 \u0917\u092f\u093e \u091c\u094b 500 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u0926\u094b\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0930\u093e\u092c\u0930 \u0925\u093e\u0964", "14 \u0938\u093f\u0924\u0902\u092c\u0930, 1985, \u0926\u094b\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u092f\u093e \u0926\u094b\u0902\u0917 10 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0926\u094b\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0930\u093e\u092c\u0930 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u094d\u092b\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u093e \u091c\u094b 1990 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0936\u0915 \u0924\u0915 \u091a\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0930\u0939\u093e\u0964", "1978 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u090f\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0947 (1976 \u0926\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f\u0924) \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f\u0964 \u0907\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 1, 2, 5 \u0939\u093e\u0913 \u0914\u0930 1 \u0926\u094b\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u092f\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0928 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0923\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0930\u094d\u0932\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u091f\u0915\u0938\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0922\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0917\u090f \u0925\u0947 \u0914\u090f \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u093e \u0936\u093f\u0916\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u094d\u092b\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0907\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0915\u0940\u092e\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0930\u0939 \u0917\u0908, \u0907\u0938 \u0936\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0908 \u0938\u093e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0915 \u0928\u090f \u0938\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0925\u0947\u0964", "1978 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u091f \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0911\u092b \u0935\u093f\u092f\u0924\u0928\u093e\u092e (Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam) \u0928\u0947 5 \u0939\u093e\u0913, \u0914\u0930 1, 5, 10, 20 \u0914\u0930 50 \u0926\u094b\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u094b\u091f \u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u090f\u0964 . 1980 \u092e\u0947\u0902, 2 \u0914\u0930 10 \u0926\u094b\u0902\u0917 \u0928\u094b\u091f \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0917\u090f \u0914\u0930 1981 \u092e\u0947\u0902 30 \u0914\u0930 100 \u0926\u094b\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u094b\u091f \u0906\u090f\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u0928\u094b\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b 1985 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0902\u0926 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u094d\u092b\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0915\u0940\u092e\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0930\u0939 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964", "1985 \u092e\u0947\u0902 5 \u0939\u093e\u0913, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 50, 100, \u0914\u0930 500 \u0926\u094b\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u094b\u091f \u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f\u0964 \u091c\u092c \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u094d\u092b\u0940\u0924\u093f \u092c\u0922\u093c \u0917\u0908, \u0924\u092c 1987 \u092e\u0947\u0902 200, 1,000, 2,000, \u0914\u0930 5,000 \u0926\u094b\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u094b\u091f \u0932\u093e\u090f \u0917\u090f, \u092b\u093f\u0930 1990 \u092e\u0947\u0902  10,000 \u0914\u0930 50,000 \u0926\u094b\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u094b\u091f, 1991 \u092e\u0947\u0902 20,000 \u0926\u094b\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u094b\u091f 1994 \u092e\u0947\u0902 100,000 \u0926\u094b\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u094b\u091f, 2003 \u092e\u0947\u0902 500,000 \u0926\u094b\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u094b\u091f \u0914\u0930 2006 \u092e\u0947\u0902 200,000 \u0926\u094b\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u094b\u091f \u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f\u0964", "\u0932\u0940 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\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0928\u092f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u092b\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092e \u092c\u093e\u0909\u0902\u091f\u0940 \u0939\u0902\u091f\u0930 (2016)\u0925\u0940\u0964 Hangul: \uc774\ubbfc\ud638; Hanja: \u674e\u654f\u93ac", "\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e \u0939\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0947\u0915-\u0921\u094b\u0902\u0917, \u0921\u094b\u0902\u0917\u091c\u0915-\u0917\u0941, \u0938\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0947\u0936\u0947\u0935\u0930 \u092b\u0941\u091f\u092c\u0949\u0932 \u0916\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 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"\u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \"\u0935\u0902\u0936 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939\" \u0915\u094b \"\u0939\u0948\u092a\u0932\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0941\u092a\" (haplogroup), \"\u092a\u093f\u0924\u0943\u0935\u0902\u0936 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939\" \u0915\u094b \"\u0935\u093e\u090f \u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092e\u094b\u091c\u093c\u094b\u092e \u0939\u0948\u092a\u0932\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0941\u092a\" (Y-chromosome haplogroup) \u0914\u0930 \"\u092e\u093e\u0924\u0943\u0935\u0902\u0936 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939\" \u0915\u094b \"\u090f\u092e\u0970\u091f\u0940\u0970\u0921\u0940\u0970\u090f\u0928\u0970\u090f\u0970 \u0939\u0948\u092a\u0932\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0941\u092a\" (mtDNA haplogroup) \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964", "14 \u092e\u0908, 2018 \u0915\u094b \u0907\u091c\u093c\u0930\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u0915\u0940 70 \u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0917\u093e\u0902\u0920 \u092a\u0930 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\u092e\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0935\u094c\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f #1 \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 18 \u0938\u093e\u0932 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u0909\u092e\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 28.6%, 18 \u0938\u0947 24 \u0938\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 24,30.2%, 25-44 \u0938\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092e\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 18.1%, 45 \u0938\u0947 64 \u0915\u0947 10.9% \u0914\u0930 10.9% \u0935\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0925\u0947 \u091c\u094b 65 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092f\u093e \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092e\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0914\u0938\u0924 \u0909\u092e\u094d\u0930 31 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 100 \u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092a\u0930 91.6 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0937 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 18 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 100 \u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092a\u0930 87.2 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0937 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964", "2000 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0928\u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930, \u092e\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0935\u094c\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e 1408 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928-\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917\u0940 \u0918\u0930 \u0925\u0947, \u091c\u094b \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0918\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e 0.6% \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0936\u0939\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 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18 \u0938\u0947 24 \u0938\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 24,30.2%, 25-44 \u0938\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092e\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 18.1%, 45 \u0938\u0947 64 \u0915\u0947 10.9% \u0914\u0930 10.9% \u0935\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0925\u0947 \u091c\u094b 65 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092f\u093e \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092e\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0914\u0938\u0924 \u0909\u092e\u094d\u0930 31 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 100 \u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092a\u0930 91.6 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0937 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 18 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 100 \u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092a\u0930 87.2 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0937 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964", "\u0936\u0939\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0918\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0938\u0924 \u0906\u092f $32,216 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0938\u0924 \u0906\u092f $37,879 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0938\u0924 \u0906\u092f $26,013 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0938\u0924 \u0906\u092f $32,244 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0906\u092f $16,181 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e 21.3% \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e 17.4% \u0917\u0930\u0940\u092c\u0940 \u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0917\u0930\u0940\u092c\u0940 \u0926\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926, \u092e\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0935\u094c\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0930\u093e\u090f \u092a\u0930 \u0918\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0926\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0932\u0947 \u091b\u0939 \u092e\u0939\u0940\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 3% \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0914\u0938\u0924 \u0926\u0930 \u0938\u0947.\u0915\u0941\u0932 \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 18 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 31.6% \u0924\u0925\u093e 65 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0909\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 11.0% \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0917\u0930\u0940\u092c\u0940 \u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0930\u0939 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 2007 \u092e\u0947\u0902 43% \u092a\u0930, \u092a\u093f\u091f\u094d\u0938\u092c\u0930\u094d\u0917, \u092a\u0947\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0935\u094c\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0947\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0917\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964", "\u091c\u092c \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0925 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0925 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u092a\u0930 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u094b \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u094b, \u0924\u094b \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \"\u0926\u0942\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0925 \u0905\u092a\u0932\u094b\u0921\u093f\u0902\u0917\" \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0911\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964", "\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u092c \u0926\u094b \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u093f \u0925\u0940 \u0924\u092c \u0935\u0939 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e-\u092a\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e \u091a\u0932\u0940 \u0917\u092f\u0940\u0902 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0938, \u092e\u093f\u0928\u0947\u0938\u094b\u091f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0932\u0940 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0940\u0902, \u0924\u0925\u093e \u090f\u0930\u093f\u091c\u093c\u094b\u0928\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u092d\u0940 \u0917\u092f\u0940\u0902, \u092a\u0930\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u0922\u093e\u0908 \u0935\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u092c\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092c\u0940\u091a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0940 \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c \u0926\u0940\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0948\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092b\u0948\u0936\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093f\u092e\u0935\u0940\u0905\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0940\u0932 \u092b\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092e\u094b \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0926\u092e \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 12 \u0938\u093e\u0932 \u0924\u0915 \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0938\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u092e\u0941\u0915 \u0928\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0902\u0964", "18 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092f\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a \u0915\u094b, \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930/\u092f\u093e \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a \u092e\u093e\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0930\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 (\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 139 mmHg \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915, 89 mmHg \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915: \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0947\u0902 - \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 (JNC7)) \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u092e\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0902\u0915 24 \u0918\u0902\u091f\u0947 \u090f\u092e\u094d\u092c\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0902\u0938 \u092f\u093e \u0918\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0917\u092f\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0924\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 (135 mmHg \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u092f\u093e 85 mmHg \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915) \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u091c\u094b\u0916\u093f\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0924\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u0947, \u0939\u093e\u0932 \u0939\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u0947 \u0917\u092f\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u0947 \u0917\u092f\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 JNC7 (2003) \u0939\u093e\u0907\u092a\u0930\u091f\u0947\u0902\u0936\u0928 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u094b 120-139 mmHg \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930/\u092f\u093e 80-89 mmHg \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f 140 mmHg \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 90 mmHg \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u0947 ESH - ECS (2007) \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 BHS IV (2004) \u0907\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0924\u092e, \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902: JNC7 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a \u091a\u0930\u0923 I, \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a \u091a\u0930\u0923 II \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u0915 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0947\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u0915 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u090a\u0902\u091a\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0941\u091c\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092e \u0939\u0948\u0964 ESH - ESC (2007) \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0914\u0930 BHS IV (2004), \u0909\u0928 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0924\u0940\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u091a\u0930\u0923 (\u091a\u0930\u0923 III) \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a 179mmHg \u092f\u093e \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0935 109 mmHg \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964", "\u0928\u0935\u091c\u093e\u0924 \u0936\u093f\u0936\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a \u0926\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0932\u092d \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939 0.2 \u0938\u0947 3% \u0924\u0915 \u0928\u0935\u091c\u093e\u0924 \u0936\u093f\u0936\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 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\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 (333 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928) \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 (639 \u0915\u0930\u094b\u0921\u093c) \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f, \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0930 \u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 3.4% (\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0937) \u0914\u0930 6.8% (\u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e\u090f\u0902) \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0924\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094b\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921 \u092e\u0947\u0902 68.9% (\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0937) \u0914\u0930 72.5% (\u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e\u090f\u0902) \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u092e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u0938\u0928 1995 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 43 \u0932\u093e\u0916 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a \u0925\u093e \u092f\u093e \u0935\u0947 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0940 \u0926\u0935\u093e \u0932\u0947 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0906\u0902\u0915\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 24 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0924 \u0935\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092c\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0922\u093c \u0930\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0925\u0940\u0902 \u0914\u0930 2004 \u092e\u0947\u0902 29% \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a \u0917\u092f\u0940\u0902\u0964 \u0938\u0928 2006 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a \u0928\u0947 76 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u0935\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094b\u0902 (\u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e 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\u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0925\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0928 1920 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0936\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093c \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093c, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0926\u094b-\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0908 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0928 1928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u094b\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0909\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0932 (Loan Council) \u0915\u093e \u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926, \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u093e\u0964 \"\u0938\u0928 1924..\u0938\u0947..1928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0902\u091a \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e 43.4% \u0906\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u0947\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0916\u0930\u0940\u0926\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u093e 38.7% \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0947\u091a\u093e\u0964 \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u090a\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0926\u094b \u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0908 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0925\u093e,\" \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0926\u094b \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0916\u0924\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0925\u0940\u0964\u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u0908 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50,000 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0935 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939\u0928 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0938\u0928 1929 \u0924\u0915 \u0906\u0924\u0947-\u0906\u0924\u0947 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0915\u0930 500,000 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u0908\u0964 \u0938\u0928 1853 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u091c \u0915\u094b\u091a \u0915\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0928\u0940, \u0915\u0949\u092c \u090f\u0923\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u0902 (Cobb and Co) \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0924\u0903 1924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0902\u0926 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0938\u0928 1920 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0915\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921 \u090f\u0923\u094d\u0921 \u0928\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u091f\u0947\u0930\u093f\u091f\u0930\u0940 \u090f\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0938 (Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Service) (\u091c\u094b \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u090f\u092f\u0930\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0902\u091f\u093e\u0938 [QANTAS] \u092c\u0928\u0940) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964  \u0938\u0928 1928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0947\u0935\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0921 \u091c\u0949\u0928 \u092b\u094d\u0932\u093f\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0910\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0938, \u0930\u0949\u092f\u0932 \u092b\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0917 \u0921\u0949\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0938 (Royal Flying Doctor Service) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940\u0964  \u0926\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0939\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u0932\u091f, \u0938\u0930 \u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0932\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938\u092b\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0925 \u0938\u0928 1927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0915\u093f\u091f \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u0928 1928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0935\u093e\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0930 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0928\u0908 \u0909\u0921\u093c\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u0947 \u0932\u0947 \u0917\u090f\u0964 \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u0935\u0947 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0928 1935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917\u093e\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0909\u0921\u093c\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0917\u0941\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0924\u0915 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u0935\u093e\u0908 \u0930\u093f\u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0916\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u0964", "\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0908 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0948\u0928\u092c\u0930\u093e (\u0938\u0928 1901 \u0938\u0947 1927 \u0924\u0915 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0932\u092c\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u0925\u093e) \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0938\u0928 1911 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942 \u0938\u093e\u0909\u0925 \u0935\u0947\u0932\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 (Federal Capital Territory) (\u090f\u092b\u0938\u0940\u091f\u0940) (FCT) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0964 \u0938\u0928 1938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u092b\u0938\u0940\u091f\u0940 (FCT) \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 (Australian Capital Territory) (\u090f\u0938\u0940\u091f\u0940) (ACT) \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0938\u0928 1911 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u091f\u0947\u0930\u093f\u091f\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u093e\u0909\u0925 \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0949\u092e\u0928\u0935\u0947\u0932\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094c\u0902\u092a \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964", "\u0936\u0940\u0918\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0940 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 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\u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u0938\u0948\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u092c\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f\u0964 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0905\u092c \u2018\u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u2019 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u093e. 19 \u092b\u093c\u0930\u0935\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b, \u0921\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0936\u0915 \u0939\u0935\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u092e\u0932\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906, \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930 \u0925\u093e, \u091c\u092c \u0936\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0941 \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e 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\u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0932 \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u092e\u0947\u0928\u094d\u091c\u093c\u0940\u0938 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u090f \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923-\u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0923\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0917\u0920\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u092c\u0930\u0932 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0928 1972 \u0924\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0940\u092f \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u091c\u0940\u0924\u093e\u0964", "\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926, \u091a\u0940\u092b\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0947\u092c\u0930 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u0915\u0940\u0964 \u0938\u0928 1945 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0906\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 (Minister for Immigration), \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0930 \u0915\u0949\u0932\u0935\u0947\u0932 \u0928\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u201c\u092f\u0926\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935 \u0928\u0947 \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0938\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0940 \u0935\u0939 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u092f\u0947 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0938\u093e\u0920 \u0932\u093e\u0916 \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u0924\u0940\u0938 \u0932\u093e\u0916 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u092e\u0940\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0907\u0938 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0924\u0915 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947.\u201d \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0925\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u201c\u092f\u093e \u0924\u094b \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0930\u0947 \u092f\u093e \u0932\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0947 (populate or perish).\u201d \u0915\u0949\u0932\u0935\u0947\u0932 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0930 \u0926\u0938 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0906\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0938\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0939\u0940, \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0906\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0938\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u092a\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0917\u0908\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0948\u0930\u0940 (Barry), \u092e\u0949\u0930\u093f\u0938 (Maurice), \u0930\u0949\u092c\u093f\u0928 (Robin) \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0928\u094d\u0921\u0940 \u0917\u093f\u092c (Andy Gibb), \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0928 1958 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092c\u0947\u0928 \u0906\u0915\u0930 \u092c\u0938 \u0917\u092f\u093e, \u201c10 \u092a\u093e\u0909\u0902\u0921 \u092a\u0949\u092e\u094d\u0938 (10 pound poms)\u201d \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0925\u0947, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0940 \u0917\u0940\u091c\u093c (Bee Gees) \u092a\u0949\u092a \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0941\u092a \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0940\u0964 \u0906\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0932\u094b\u0917 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\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, Sikaiana \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930-\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935, \u0914\u0930 Luaniua \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f (\u0913\u0902\u091f\u094b\u0902\u0917 \u091c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u090f\u091f\u094b\u0932\u092d\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0917\u0935\u093e\u0928 Howe \u090f\u091f\u094b\u0932). \u0906\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 Gilbertese (\u092e\u0948\u0902-\u0915\u093f\u0930\u093f\u092c\u093e\u0924\u0940) \u092c\u094b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0928\u0947\u0936\u093f\u0905\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u0939\u0948\u0964", "\u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b 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\u0939\u094b\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u092f \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930\u093e, \u0914\u0930, PAOA \u090f\u092b\u090f\u092e \u092a\u0930 97.7 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 (\u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u0930 107.5 \u092e\u0947\u0902 Auki), \u0914\u0930, \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u092b\u090f\u092e \u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0936\u0928, \u0938\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u093f\u091c \u092a\u0930 \u090f\u092b\u090f\u092e 88.7.", "\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0901\u0938\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0938 (\u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c\u0940: Transformers) 2007 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0928\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u092b\u093c\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0901\u0938\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0916\u093f\u0932\u094c\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0901\u0938\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u092b\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092e \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0915\u093f \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u092b\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u0932 \u092c\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0935 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\u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e \u0932\u0935\u0923\u0924\u093e, \u0935\u0928\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0924\u093f, \u091c\u0940\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0932\u092d\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e \u0917\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0908 (\u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 50 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e) \u0939\u0948\u0964", "\u092a\u0948\u0930\u093e\u0932\u093e\u092e\u094d\u092a\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 1948 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0917\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u0938\u092d\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092d\u0930\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b 21 \u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0938\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0916\u0947\u0932 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u0948\u0930\u093e\u0932\u093e\u092e\u094d\u092a\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 400 \u090f\u0925\u0932\u0940\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 1960 \u092e\u0947\u0902 23 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0932\u0902\u0926\u0928 2012 \u0916\u0947\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 100 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u091c\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092d\u0930\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u0948\u0930\u093e\u0932\u093e\u092e\u094d\u092a\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0917\u0948\u0930-\u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0913\u0932\u0902\u092a\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0925\u0932\u0940\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0913\u0932\u0902\u092a\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0927\u0928\u0930\u093e\u0936\u093f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0948\u0930\u093e\u0932\u0940\u092e\u094d\u092a\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0925\u0932\u0940\u091f\u094b\u0902\u0964", "\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u092a\u0942\u0901\u091c\u0940\u0917\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940\u092e\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 (capital asset pricing model \u0938\u0940\u0970\u090f\u0970\u092a\u0940\u0970\u090f\u092e\u0970) \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u0901\u091c\u0940\u0917\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0948\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u091b\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0932\u093e\u092d \u0926\u0930 \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0916\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0917 (\u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u0921\u093e\u0908\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u093f\u092b\u093e\u0908\u0921 \u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f\u092b\u094b\u0932\u093f\u092f\u094b) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0939\u094b, \u0924\u0925\u093e \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0909\u0938 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0936\u093e\u0916\u0928\u0940\u092f \u091c\u094b\u0916\u093f\u092e (non-diversifiable risk) \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u0902\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0936\u093e\u0916\u0928\u0940\u092f \u091c\u094b\u0916\u093f\u092e (\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u091c\u094b\u0916\u093f\u092e \u092f\u093e \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0930 \u091c\u094b\u0916\u093f\u092e) \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0903 '\u092c\u0940\u091f\u093e' (\u03b2) \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u094b \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0932\u093e\u092d \u0935 \u0938\u0948\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u094b\u0916\u093f\u092e-\u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u0902\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0932\u093e\u092d \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940\u0964 \u0938\u0940\u0970\u090f\u0970\u092a\u0940\u0970\u090f\u092e\u0970 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0941\u091d\u093e\u0935 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u092a\u0942\u0901\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 '\u092c\u0940\u091f\u093e' (\u03b2) \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u201d:2  \u0907\u0938 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f-\u092c\u0940\u091f\u093e \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f \u0909\u0930\u094d\u0927\u094d\u0935\u0917\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u092c\u0940\u091f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0917\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u092c\u0940\u091f\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u0938\u0940\u0970\u090f\u0970\u092a\u0940\u0970\u090f\u092e\u0970 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e, \u0939\u0948\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u094b\u0935\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091c\u093c \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0916\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923/\u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0925\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f, \u091c\u0948\u0915 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092f\u0928\u0949\u0930 (1961, 1962), \u0935\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0936\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092a\u0947 (1964), \u091c\u0949\u0928 \u0932\u093f\u0928\u094d\u091f\u0928\u0930 (1965a,b) and \u091c\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u094b\u0938\u093f\u0928 (1966) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0964 1990 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092a\u0947, \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915\u094b\u0935\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091c\u093c \u0935 \u092e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u094b\u092c\u0947\u0932 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\u092a\u0947\u0936\u0947\u0935\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0932\u0947\u091f\u093e\u0913 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0906\u092e\u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930, \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u092c\u0948\u0920\u0915 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0915\u094b\u0902, \u0938\u092e\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0932\u093e\u0939\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0936\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092a\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0964", "2G \u0938\u0947\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0932\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u094b GPRS \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 2.5G \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u092f\u093e\u0928\u0940, \u092e\u094b\u092c\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u091f\u0947\u0932\u0940\u092b\u093c\u094b\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 (2G) \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0940\u0938\u0930\u0940 (3G) \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940. \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u0921\u093f\u0935\u093f\u091c\u093c\u0928 \u092e\u0932\u094d\u091f\u093f\u092a\u0932 \u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0947\u0938 (TDMA) \u091a\u0948\u0928\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0917\u0924\u093f \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f GSM \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940. \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947, GPRS \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0935\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0925\u093e, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u091c\u093e\u092f \u0909\u0928 \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b GSM \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092c\u0926\u0932\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f GSM \u0939\u0940 \u090f\u0915\u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0902 GPRS \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 GPRS \u0915\u094b GSM \u0930\u093f\u0932\u0940\u091c\u093c 97 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u090f \u0930\u093f\u0932\u0940\u091c\u093c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 (ETSI) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0905\u092c \u0925\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u091c\u0928\u0930\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0928\u0930\u0936\u093f\u092a \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f (3GPP) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e.", "CS-4 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f, 20.0 kbit/s \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u0938\u094d\u0932\u0949\u091f \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0917\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f, \u0907\u0938 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947\u0932 \u0915\u0935\u0930\u0947\u091c \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e 25% \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 CS-1, 8.0 kbit/s \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u0938\u094d\u0932\u0949\u091f \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0917\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0935\u0930\u0947\u091c \u0915\u093e 98% \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0928\u090f \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923, \u092e\u094b\u092c\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0917\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0903 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964", "CS-4 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f, 20.0 kbit/s \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u0938\u094d\u0932\u0949\u091f \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0917\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f, \u0907\u0938 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947\u0932 \u0915\u0935\u0930\u0947\u091c \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e 25% \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 CS-1, 8.0 kbit/s \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e \u0938\u094d\u0932\u0949\u091f \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0917\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0935\u0930\u0947\u091c \u0915\u093e 98% \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0928\u090f \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923, \u092e\u094b\u092c\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0917\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0903 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964", "\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u092f\u0935\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0924\u092f\u093e \u0926\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 : \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u092f\u0935\u0924\u093e (Structural isomerism) \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093f\u092e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u092f\u0935\u0924\u093e (Stereo-isomerism) \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964", "\u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0921\u093f\u0928\u092c\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0927\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0930\u094b\u092c\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0930\u0947\u0921 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0947\u092e\u094d\u0938 6 \u0928\u0947 1582 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u092e\u0924\u093f \u0926\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0905\u0928\u091a\u093e\u0939\u0947 \u0915\u0926\u092e \u0909\u0920\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0908 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u092a\u093e\u092a\u0932 \u092c\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0924\u094c\u0928\u093f\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 1617 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0947\u092e\u094d\u0938 \u0928\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u092c\u094d\u091c\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0949\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964", "\u0905\u0932\u094d\u092b\u093e\u0917\u094b (\u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c\u0940: AlphaGo) \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0917\u0942\u0917\u0932 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(\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0936\u0930\u094d\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924) \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932\u0940\u0964 (\u0926\u0947\u0916\u094b \u0939\u093e\u0935\u0925\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 (Hawthorne effect)\u0964 ) \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f, \u0907\u0938 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u091c, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u0941\u091f\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0932\u094b\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947, \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 (control group) \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0914\u0930 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\u0926\u093f\u0932\u091a\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0940 \u0939\u094b, \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0902\u0915\u0921\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0907\u0915\u0920\u094d\u0920\u093e \u0915\u0930, \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0936\u094b\u0927\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0927\u0942\u092e\u094d\u0930\u092a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947, \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0902\u0915\u0921\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0907\u0915\u091f\u094d\u0920\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e, \u0936\u093e\u092f\u0926 \u0915\u0947\u0938-\u0915\u0902\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 (case-control study), \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092b\u0947\u092b\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0948\u0902\u0938\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0922\u0942\u0902\u0922\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940\u0964", "\u091c\u093e\u0901\u091a \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0907\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f 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\u0915\u0930\u0924\u092c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0902\u0916\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0925\u093e\u0964"], "questions": ["Bao nhi\u00eau ng\u00e0y m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 0 \u0111\u1ed9?", "Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y b\u1ea3ng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i Kyrgyz \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0o?", "Phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0o? ", "C\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf Kyrgyzstan th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng g\u00ec? ", "C\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a \u00e1n Berlin \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Anh v\u00e0 Nga l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu g\u00ec?", "T\u00ean \u0111\u1ee9a con \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u1ea5y l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed Albert vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 cho ai v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ed3i m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Victoria \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p ch\u00ednh v\u00e0o trang tr\u1ea3i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh sau khi vua Frederick William IV qua \u0111\u1eddi? ", "Vickey th\u00f9 gh\u00e9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec?", "Ph\u1ed5 chi\u1ebfm Holstein v\u00e0o n\u0103m n\u00e0o?", "V\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng Th\u00e1i t\u1eed \u0111\u00f3n kh\u00e1ch l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00ed n\u00e0o?", "Gustav Freytag \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m ngh\u1ec1 g\u00ec?", "ai gi\u00fap h\u1ecd?", "Ai \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng quay l\u1ea1i th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4, g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 n\u00e1o lo\u1ea1n \u1edf Berlin?", "C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Viktoria nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u01b0\u1edbi ai? ", "Victoria \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?", "S\u00e2n bay Poznan-Lawaica Henrk Wieniawki \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng khi n\u00e0o? ", "Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u g\u00ec trong su\u1ed1t tr\u1eadn v\u1edbi k\u1ebb th\u00f9 s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh? ", "m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf d\u00f9ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i", "Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Caius trong gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i c\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "M\u1ed9t Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 n\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00e0m Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng? ", "Alan Thicke t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o?", "M\u1eb9 \u00f4ng t\u00e1i h\u00f4n v\u1edbi ai?", "Alan Thickle v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u00e0o?", "T\u00ean th\u1eddi con g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a Shirley l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "Con trai c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u00ean g\u00ec?", "Alan Thicke \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0o?", "Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u1edf Daytime Emmy?", "Vua Sho Toku qua \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o n\u0103m bao nhi\u00eau?", "S\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ai \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5?", "Qin Shi Huang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edfi th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean? ", "T\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7y Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ai?", "B\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n th\u00ec th\u00e1ng M\u1ed9t l\u1ea1nh bao nhi\u00eau \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc?", "George sinh ra \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u? ", "Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn suy gi\u1ea3m s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe ngo\u00e0i mong mu\u1ed1n?", "Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed Albert qua \u0111\u1eddi khi n\u00e0o?", "Khi n\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Li\u00ean X\u00f4 t\u1ea1i Zerel?", "\u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i R\u1eafn r\u00e2u?", "Nh\u00f3m d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ngh\u00e8o cao nh\u1ea5t?", "Traore sinh n\u0103m na\u0300o?", "Phi h\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111ang c\u1ed1 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1i g\u00ec?", "C\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ebft Vickers?", "Sau khi k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1ebft phi h\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n, ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed1n tho\u00e1t?", "Ai \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Weyland khi c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9i quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i kh\u1ed1i ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac?", "David \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c Engineer kh\u1ecfi \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec?", "Robert Coleman Richarson qua \u0111\u1eddi n\u0103m n\u00e0o? ", "T\u00ean m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t n\u0103m? ", "C\u00e1n c\u00e2n s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh nghi\u00eang v\u1ec1 ai?", "Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Haile Selassier b\u1ecb l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 khi n\u00e0o?", "Ai ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 b\u00e3o?", "V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o c\u01a1n b\u00e3o tr\u1edf th\u00e0nhc\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi?", "John Canfield Spencer l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0o? ", "C\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o?", "C\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t? ", "T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n d\u01b0\u1edbi 18 tu\u1ed5i?", "Sau khi th\u1eed vi\u1ec7c xong \u1edf MTV n\u0103m 1996 Bays t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u00e0o?", "\u00d4ng \u1ea5y \u0111i t\u1edbi n\u01a1i n\u00e0o?", "Banner v\u00e0 Stark \u0111ang t\u00ecm c\u00e1i g\u00ec?", "Stark \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y t\u00e0u m\u1eb9 Chitauri?", "Selvig \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 cho Romanoff \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec?", "Ai \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng Bruce Banner/Hulk?", "Iron Man \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m n\u00e0o?", "Scarlett Johansson \u0111\u00e3 thay th\u1ebf ai?", "T\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 Mat t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "Ai \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ebft Albert?", "H\u00e3ng thu \u00e2m n\u00e0o k\u00fd h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi Kesha?", "Phi thuy\u1ec1n Sidonia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 n\u00e0o? ", "\u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e9t ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0 g\u00ec sau khi qua \u0111\u1eddi?", "cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 di\u1ec5n ra khi n\u00e0o", "T\u1ec9nh \u1edf h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a Bangkok?", "Pathum Thani l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ec9nh mi\u1ec1n trung \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o?", "Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n d\u00e2ng cho Vua Rama II g\u00ec trong chuy\u1ebfn vi\u1ebfng th\u0103m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng?", "Pathum Thani t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o n\u00e0o?", "C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u gia \u0111\u00ecnh hay h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2010 h\u01a1n?", "T\u1ea1i sao th\u1ecbt xay l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u00f3n \u0103n tr\u00e1ng mi\u1ec7ng thay v\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u00f3n \u0103n t\u1ed1i? ", "Ti\u1ebfng Serbia l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y? ", "Con c\u00e1 d\u00f9ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ch\u00edch?", "Singapore \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp khi n\u00e0o?", "Raffles mu\u1ed1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea3ng m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u? ", "H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u00e3 Lai l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 sinh s\u1ed1ng trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn Opium? ", "C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ed9ng c\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o do nh\u1eefng th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tay ngh\u1ec1 n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ?", "Bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tham gia c\u00e1c bang h\u1ed9i t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa? ", "M\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c trong S\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Singapore l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "Chi\u1ebfn tranh Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 2 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 n\u0103m n\u00e0o? ", "S\u1ef1 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i bao l\u00e2u \u1edf Malaya v\u00e0 Singapore?", "Kho\u1ea3ng bao nhi\u00eau binh s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n chi\u1ebfn tranh?", "S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?", "Merdeka bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec?", "Cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1955 l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?", "Cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea1o lo\u1ea1n \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc Hoa Ki\u1ec1u n\u1ed5 ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m n\u00e0o?", "ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a singapore?", "Mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a L\u00fd Quang Di\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c Singapore tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "L\u00fd Quang Di\u1ec7u tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec?", "Anh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Anh ra kh\u1ecfi Singapore khi n\u00e0o?", "\u0110\u1ea3ng n\u00e0o c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n \u1edf Singapore?", "T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u00e2m m\u01b0u t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 quan \u1edf Singapore v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2001?", "Angelina Jolie l\u00e0 em g\u00e1i ai?", "Jolie h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o?", "Gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Angelina Jolie \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0o \u1edf New York khi c\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1u tu\u1ed5i?", "Gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh vi qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i n\u00e0o?", "Ebert kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 fan c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 phim n\u00e0o? ", "T\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 xinh \u0111\u1eb9p l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "C\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng g\u00ec t\u1eeb Gi\u1ea3i H\u00e0n l\u00e2m? ", "L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u00e0 Angelina Jolie quen v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfn tranh t\u00e0n ph\u00e1?", "c\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n bao nhi\u00eau nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 trong h\u01a1n 10 n\u0103m?", "Jolie nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0o nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho t\u1ef1 do?", "Doanh thu t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u00ean g\u00f3p cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0o? ", "Brad Pitt nh\u1eadn nu\u00f4i Pax khi n\u00e0o?", "Bao nhi\u00eau ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn Jennifer Aniston n\u0103m 2006? ", "\u0110\u1ea3o Norfolk gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t v\u00e0o n\u0103m n\u00e0o?", "T\u1ea1i sao T\u00e2y \u00dac cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn c\u00e1c t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh? ", "Thu\u00f4\u0323c \u0111i\u0323a hi\u0300nh s\u01b0\u0323 g\u00e2\u0300n Brisbane \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c tha\u0300nh l\u00e2\u0323p va\u0300o n\u0103m na\u0300o?", "Ha\u0303ng ha\u0300ng kh\u00f4ng Qanta \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c tha\u0300nh l\u00e2\u0323p d\u01b0\u01a1\u0301i m\u00f4\u0323t t\u00ean kha\u0301c trong n\u0103m na\u0300o?", "FCT \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u khi n\u00e0o?", "Kho\u1ea3ng bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dac \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft gi\u1eef l\u00e0m t\u00f9 binh chi\u1ebfn tranh trong Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 hai? ", "Ben Chifley b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i n\u0103m n\u00e0o?", "Bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn?", "D\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng n\u00e0y h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0o?", "S\u00f4ng Hari Rud ch\u1ea3y v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e2u? ", "C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?", "Tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o?", "Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Solomon c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00e0o?", "Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Solomon c\u00f3 li\u00ean minh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng? ", "Ai l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3o solomon v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 2007?", "Khu v\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9 10 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "C\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i \u1edf Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Solomon?", "Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Polynesia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?", "M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n do nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3o Soloman kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecdc, radio tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ra sao?", "B\u1ed9 phim Transformers \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh khi n\u00e0o? ", "Ai l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9 phim Transformers n\u0103m 2007? ", "Ai t\u1eebng l\u00e0 B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng? ", "C\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 nh\u00ec v\u00e0o hai n\u0103m n\u00e0o?", "Reims \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 g\u00ec trong su\u1ed1t chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed?", "Ngo\u00e0i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi hai v\u1eadt hay n\u00e2ng m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt l\u00ean tr\u00ean cao th\u00ec n\u00eam c\u00f2n c\u00f3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec?", "US-Bangla Airlines \u0111\u00e3 mua Bombardier Dash Q400 n\u0103m n\u00e0o?", "Ma tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfu n\u0103m n\u00e0o?", "M\u1ed9t b\u00f4ng hoa c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau c\u00e1nh? ", "C\u00f3 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i n\u00e0o?", "S\u01b0 t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u t\u1ea1i Kenya?", "M\u00e0u l\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a s\u01b0 t\u1eed thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? ", "M\u1ed9t b\u1eddm n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o?", "C\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau con s\u01b0 t\u1eed ch\u00e2u Phi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2002-2004?", "T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 s\u01b0 t\u1eed ch\u00e2u phi \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1eddn th\u00fa l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?", "C\u00e1c s\u1edf th\u00fa lan r\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u?", "H\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef \u1edf th\u00e1p London \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm ti\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ed5 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? ", "Nh\u1eefng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a s\u01b0 t\u1eed \u1edf Tanzania \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?", "V\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o c\u00f3 m\u00faa l\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7u nh\u1ea3y truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn?", "B\u1ed9 phim Sinh ra T\u1ef1 do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra m\u1eaft v\u00e0o th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 n\u00e0o?", "Ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1ea1o ra Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ki\u1ebfn? ", "Scott Lang l\u00e0m ngh\u1ec1 g\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00e0m Ant-Man? ", "T\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "Tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0o?", "Ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cai tr\u1ecb ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i Alexander the Great? ", "Gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Agathokelia l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "Lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ec7nh danh t\u1eeb Pomerania?", "N\u1eef ho\u00e0ng Victoria nu\u00f4i gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 n\u00e0o?", "Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u00e1o kho\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c \u00e1o trong nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?", "N\u0103m n\u00e0o h\u1ecd hu\u1ef7 b\u1ecf m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Hosso? ", "\u1ede n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau v\u1ee5 l\u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ed3i?", "\u1ede n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra hai tr\u1eadn l\u1edf b\u00f9n?", "Jacobs \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong di\u1ec5n v\u0103n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 ta \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?", "Cu\u1ed9c tra kh\u1ea3o di\u1ebfn ra trong bao l\u00e2u?", "Goldman ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0m g\u00ec khi \u00f4ng \u1ea5y tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i M\u1ef9?", "Goldman xem m\u1ed9t li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf t\u00edch c\u1ef1c cho ph\u00e1 thai l\u00e0? ", "Garden City n\u1eb1m \u1edf ti\u1ec3u bang n\u00e0o?", "Phim t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0o?", "Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Togo l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "V\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd k\u1ebft n\u0103m n\u00e0o? ", "Ai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng n\u0103m 2005? ", "Togo l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00e2u Phi n\u00e0o? ", "T\u00ean c\u1ee7a con trai c\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a George III l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "\u00d4ng c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y l\u00e0 ai? ", "Ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i cho George? ", "George n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4n g\u00ec? ", "Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed George l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?", "George \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n?", "John Wilkes thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m n\u00e0o?", "T\u1ea1i sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh t\u0103ng thu\u1ebf?", "Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed William Harry k\u1ebft h\u00f4n v\u1edbi ai?", "T\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua? ", "Ai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh ch\u1ee7 chi\u1ebfn trong chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9?", "V\u1ecb vua n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ai s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Lord Rockingham? ", "Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m Pitt l\u00ean n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i l\u1edbn cho ai?", "B\u1ec7nh t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng?", "M\u1ed9t \u00e2m m\u01b0u t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m n\u00e0o? ", "B\u00e0i nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t c\u1ee7a George \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em bao nhi\u00eau kh\u00e1ch du l\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Hyde Park trong m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y?", "Ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u h\u01a1n Geogre III? ", "Vua George \u0110\u1ec7 III b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i g\u00ec trong Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp?", "Trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0o vua George \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t \u0111i s\u1ef1 trung th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n M\u1ef9? ", "\u0110\u1ed9i th\u1ec3 thao ch\u01a1i m\u00f4n g\u00ec \u1edf s\u00e2n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng?", "S\u00e2n v\u00e2\u0323n \u0111\u00f4\u0323ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c x\u00e2y d\u01b0\u0323ng t\u01b0\u0300 bao gi\u01a1\u0300?", "H\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0o?", "V\u00ec sao d\u1ebf tr\u0169i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf Nam C\u1ef1c?", "Watson b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? ", "Ai th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi Shellback?", "th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0o l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Tuva?", "C\u00f3 g\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y?", "Lo\u00e0i chim n\u00e0o thu\u1ed9c H\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt?", "L\u1ea1t-ma \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebfng th\u0103m Tuva trong bao nhi\u00eau ng\u00e0y?", "Amanda Michelle Seyfried ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o?", "Phim \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Seyfried l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "Ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y g\u00ec? ", "Ai \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea9m v\u1ea5n Saint Valentine?", "Ng\u00e0y Valentine l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "T\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n trao \u0111\u1ed5i s\u00f4 c\u00f4 la v\u1edbi nhau l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "Bao nhi\u00eau ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i t\u1eeb 25 t\u1eeb 44?", "Thu nh\u1eadp trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1? ", "Pakistan th\u00f4ng qua hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p khi n\u00e0o?", "Pakistan r\u1ed9ng bao nhi\u00eau d\u1eb7m vu\u00f4ng? ", "Hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0o d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a phong c\u00e1ch Hy L\u1ea1p-Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o?", "T\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "M\u00f4n th\u1ec3 thao ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf Pakistan l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "C\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf ti\u1ec3u bang Michigan sinh s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i B\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng?", "M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a Latvia l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "Latvia gia nh\u1eadp Li\u00ean minh ch\u00e2u \u00c2u khi n\u00e0o?", "T\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "\u0110\u1eb7ng Ti\u1ec3u B\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec v\u00e0o th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1980?", "Margaret Thatcher \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1eef v\u1ecb tr\u00ed g\u00ec trong ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Anh Qu\u1ed1c?", "Antonio Sant's Elia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra khi n\u00e0o? ", "Con trai c\u1ee7a Friedman ra \u0111\u1eddi n\u0103m n\u00e0o? ", "c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Monetarism l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "Ai c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n cung ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7?", "Nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc Friedman \u0111\u00e3 v\u00ed von ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ho\u00e1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh? ", "Ai cho r\u1eb1ng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft h\u00e0m ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Friedman?", "Fossey \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p trong ng\u00e0nh g\u00ec? ", "Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb l\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a cabin \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 ta? ", "Hilversum c\u00f3 c\u1ef1 ly bao nhi\u00eau v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda B\u1eafc Utrecht? ", "\u00d4ng ta c\u0169ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1i g\u00ec?", "C\u1eafm tr\u1ea1i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "C\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u1ed5i ti\u1ec1ng v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec?", "Carlos Latuff sinh n\u0103m n\u00e0o?", "T\u1ea1i sao m\u00e8o g\u1ea7m g\u1eeb? ", "Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Fahd bin Abdulaziz l\u00e0 khi n\u00e0o?", "Cha c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ai?", "Bayinnaung l\u00e0 anh r\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ai? ", "Khi n\u00e0o th\u00ec quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh anh n\u00ean l\u00e0 ca s\u0129?", "Ai l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Def Leppard?", "Phonogram n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o? ", "Album \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Def Leppard t\u00ean l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "Brisbane t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ai?", "S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a bia v\u00e0/ho\u1eb7c r\u01b0\u1ee3u khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00fac t\u00e1c b\u1edfi?", "S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lo\u1ea1i gia v\u1ecb n\u00e0o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng? ", "\u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 phai m\u00e0u da?", "V\u0103n h\u00f3a Trung Qu\u1ed1c chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c1?", "Vi\u0301 du\u0323 cu\u0309a m\u00f4\u0323t bi\u00ea\u0309u t\u01b0\u01a1\u0323ng?", "N\u00f3 n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a Siberia?", "Adolf Erik Nordenskiold \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec?", "\u0110i\u00ea\u0300u gi\u0300 la\u0300m ha\u0323n ch\u00ea\u0301 s\u01b0\u0323 \u0111\u00f4\u0301i x\u01b0\u0309 c\u00f4ng b\u0103\u0300ng gi\u01b0\u0303a ca\u0301c v\u00e2\u0323n \u0111\u00f4\u0323ng vi\u00ean paragames va\u0300 kh\u00f4ng khuy\u00ea\u0301t t\u00e2\u0323t?", "Esyer c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau chi\u1ebfc ch\u00e2n gi\u1ea3? ", "B\u1ed9 l\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a s\u00f3c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ra sao?", "Lo\u00e0i s\u00f3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh bao nhi\u00eau h\u1ecd? ", "M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n n\u00e0o?", "Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c g\u1ecdi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u1eddi gian ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "Cu\u1ed9c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu di\u1ec5n ra trong m\u1ea5y v\u00f2ng?", "New Delhi c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u?", "\u0110\u1ed9i n\u00e0o tham d\u1ef1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y khi l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c? ", "Khi n\u00e0o th\u00ec Muntjacs b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n?", "R\u0103ng nanh h\u01b0\u01a1\u0301ng d\u01b0\u01a1\u0301i go\u0323i la\u0300 gi\u0300?", "Vi\u1ec7c gh\u00e9p c\u1eb7p cho nai x\u1ea3y ra khi n\u00e0o \u1edf v\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi?", "Lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd trong c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y?", "H\u1ecd n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 t\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng \u1edf New York?", "TB-3 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i g\u00ec? ", "C\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c khi\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00f9 nh\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o?", "Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y b\u01a1m \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec?", "K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c cho ph\u00e9p? ", "\u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Manmohan Singh trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1i tu m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c? ", "Ngo\u00e0i g\u00e2y nguy hi\u1ec3m cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00edch ch\u01a1i c\u00e1, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec3m khu\u1ea9n M. Marinum?", "Nathaniel \u0111\u00e3 mua m\u1ed9t trang tr\u1ea1i tr\u1ed3ng nho khi n\u00e0o?", "C\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra?", "Nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec3u l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m n\u00e0o b\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u?", "Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quan s\u00e1t?", "Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng trong m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu?", "C\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u00f3 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef h\u00f3a chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh?", "Ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ecb v\u00ec Macedonia th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3?", "\u00d4ng m\u1ea5t khi n\u00e0o?", "Lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1t k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1i \u01b0u khi n\u00e0o? ", "Baini c\u00f3 g\u00ec kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t?", "anh \u1ea5y d\u00e0nh bao nhi\u00eau ti\u1ec1n cho truy\u1ec7n tranh?", "Grove Furr nh\u1eadn h\u1ecdc v\u1ecb g\u00ec n\u0103m 1978?", "Lo\u1ea1i axit n\u00e0o li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh DNA", "X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9 linh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec?", "Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c NASA coi tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n?", "H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Enceladus cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng dao \u0111\u1ed9ng quay t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n, hay gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng dao \u0111\u1ed9ng quay c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c?", "Nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng b\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean tr\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?", "Nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh nam c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Enceladus \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee5p n\u0103m n\u00e0o?", "Trung \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9a con \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00f2ng khi n\u00e0o? ", "Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n n\u00e0o m\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 18 th\u00e1ng 3 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5?", "Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Khuree?", "S\u00fckhbaatar nghi ng\u1edd ai l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1923?", "Yanjmaa l\u00e0 ai?", "H\u1ecd tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o n\u0103m n\u00e0o?", "C\u1ea3nh quay ban nh\u1ea1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong phim? ", "Chris Thomas t\u1eebng k\u1ebft b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u00e0o?", "Ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y cho album? ", "Ha\u0303ng ghi \u00e2m cu\u0309a Pink Floyd ta\u0323i My\u0303 la\u0300 ha\u0303ng na\u0300o?", "T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Gabon sinh ra n\u0103m n\u00e0o?", "K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o?", "K\u1ebf th\u1eeba c\u1ee7a P-38F l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bao nhi\u00eau chi\u1ebfc F-5B t\u1eeb c\u0103n c\u1ee9 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i B\u1eafc Phi?", "C\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i di t\u1ea3n? ", "V\u00e0o n\u0103m n\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c bao v\u00e2y 18 ng\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra? ", "T\u00ean c\u1ee7a album \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 10 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "Maxwell chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c g\u00ec? ", "S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o di\u1ec5n ra t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1793 \u0111\u1ebfn 1802? ", "Ai \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t?", "Trang web x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 cho Silent Hill \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m 86/100?", "V\u00e0o n\u0103m n\u00e0o Percy Lebaron Spencer \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra?", "Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Charles, b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh b\u1edfi ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "Lo\u1ea1i l\u00e1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong l\u1ec5 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng?", "Malvik n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?", "Rikyu \u0111a\u0303 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c luy\u00ea\u0323n Thi\u00ea\u0300n ta\u0323i ng\u00f4i \u0111\u00ea\u0300n na\u0300o \u01a1\u0309 Kyoto?", "N\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o, c\u01a1 v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng g\u00ec? ", "C\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh bao nhi\u00eau ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi? ", "\u0110\u0129a \u0111\u01a1n th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a A Fever you Can\u2019t Sweat Out l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "T\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ghi l\u1ea1i thao t\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh? ", "C\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0o ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i Super Comboy?", "Lo\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0o l\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t?", "Nhi\u1ec1u ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Eistein kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh v\u1eadt l\u00fd n\u00e0o?", "N\u0103m n\u00e0o Eddington d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111o\u00e0n th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m?", "\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec khi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt r\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do?", "Trong \u0110\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o gi\u00fap \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng-Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t?", "Lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u1eadt l\u00fd n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c? ", "\u00c1nh s\u00e1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111i t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u?", "M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "H\u00ea\u0323 th\u00f4\u0301ng t\u01b0 pha\u0301p cu\u0309a La Ma\u0303 chi\u0323u a\u0309nh h\u01b0\u01a1\u0309ng chi\u0301nh t\u01b0\u0300 h\u00ea\u0323 th\u00f4\u0301ng na\u0300o?", "Nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh g\u00ec khi Bennington gia nh\u1eadp?", "L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Nesher T?", "N\u0103m n\u00e0o m\u00e0 Selimiye Barracks \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean?", "C\u00e1c doanh tr\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb n\u0103m n\u00e0o?", "Shaun Peter Raul Mendes \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi h\u00e3ng thu \u00e2m n\u00e0o trong n\u0103m 2014?", "Ai l\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng Th\u00e1i H\u1eadu c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 1600?", "Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Archduke Charles c\u1ee7a \u00c1o?", "Coltrane n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ea1c n\u00e0o?", "Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m n\u00e0o? ", "Cuba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a v\u00e0o n\u0103m n\u00e0o?", "T\u1ea1i sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi Cuba ch\u01a1i c\u00e1c m\u00f4n th\u1ec3 thao M\u1ef9?", "M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra khi t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m con tu\u00e2n theo lu\u1eadt nh\u00f3m? ", "Hai v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "M\u1ed9t t\u1eeb m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "Lo\u1ea1i nh\u00f3m n\u00e0o g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m Mathieu?", "Ki\u1ec3u kh\u00f4ng gian n\u00e0o m\u00e0 nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00ean?", "V\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 nh\u00f3m ma tr\u1eadn k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o?", "Kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t \u1edf b\u1eadc m\u1ea5y?", "Theo \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00fd th\u00ec c\u1ea3 hai chia h\u1ebft cho m\u1ea5y?", "\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u l\u1edbn trong \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Jordan-Holder?", "M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng mong m\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "M\u1ed7i nh\u00f3m l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "Theo \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Kepler th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1i g\u00ec?", "\u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 cho th\u1ea5y n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh tinh? ", "C\u00e1i g\u00ec s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t?", "C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa s\u01a1 sinh \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi khi n\u00e0o?", "B\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Anne m\u1ea5t v\u00e0o n\u0103m n\u00e0o?", "Nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho g\u00e2y ra vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f3 sinh l\u00e0?", "Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Mardon nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng Th\u1ea1c s\u0129 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u? ", "\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a Dr.Mardon? ", "Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Academy l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 82 \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0o?", "M\u00e0ng b\u1ecdc gi\u00fap cho t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m n\u00e0o?", "Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "\u0110\u1eadp n\u1eb1m \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0o? ", "Tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh OCA n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u? ", "Ai l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng kim ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Olympic ch\u00e2u \u00c1 (OCA)", "Preak Ko g\u1ed3m bao nhi\u00eau th\u00e1p g\u1ea1ch?  ", "Wolf 359 \u1edf ch\u00f2m sao n\u00e0o?", "T\u1ea1i Nh\u00e0 thi \u0111\u1ea5u s\u1ed1 m\u1ea5y c\u1ea7u l\u00f4ng Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra? ", "M\u1eadt danh cho s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh ng\u0103n I-r\u1eafc x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ea2 R\u1eadp Saudi c\u1ee7a George H. W. Bush l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "S\u1ef1 x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n Kuwait c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9? ", "Irag t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00f3ng bao nhi\u00eau t\u00ean l\u1eeda?", "Theo c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00e0o s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 kh\u00e1ng c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n Iraq? ", "V\u00f9ng c\u1ea5m bay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u? ", "C\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng minh mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c m\u00e1y bay chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u kh\u1edfi h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u?", "Ir\u1eafc tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c t\u00ean l\u1eeda Scud \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?", "Lo\u1ea1i t\u00ean l\u1eeda n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00f9ng v\u1ecbnh? ", "S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o ch\u00e2m ng\u00f2i cho Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 2? ", "Jayavarnman VIII ch\u1ebft n\u0103m n\u00e0o?", "\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Harvard \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng g\u00ec v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc khi so v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi?", "John Harvard \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng bao nhi\u00eau ti\u1ec1n? ", "Kim Jong-un \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?", "Ai ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea7u v\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean?", "\u00d4ng \u1ea5y sinh v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng n\u00e0o trong n\u0103m? ", "Venkatesh sinh ra \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?", "Glass v\u00e0 Concrete \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u0103m n\u00e0o? ", "B\u1ed9 phim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra m\u1eaft khi n\u00e0o? ", "Hai c\u00f4ng ty h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u00e1y bay g\u00ec?", "Nguy\u00ean t\u1eed b\u00e9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "C\u00e1c v\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t chuy\u1ec3n qua g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "K\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n v\u1ecb qu\u00e9t chui h\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0o?", "Khu v\u1ef1c Jizzakh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u? ", "Ai \u0111a\u0303 pha\u0301t minh ra phe\u0301p ti\u0301nh vi ph\u00e2n va\u0300 khi na\u0300o?", "Qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0o gi\u00e1p v\u1edbi bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ph\u00eda T\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Venezuela?", "Kh\u00ed qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y?", "Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o c\u01a1n b\u00e3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c John ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n b\u00e3o cu\u1ed3ng phong?", "John \u0111a\u0303 t\u01a1\u0301i g\u00e2\u0300n Johnston Atoll t\u01a1\u0301i m\u01b0\u0301c na\u0300o?", "John \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh b\u00e3o \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o? ", "John \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c JWTC \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1?", "55 knot l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau d\u1eb7m m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd?", "B\u00e3o John \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nam bao xa?", "M\u01b0a l\u1edbn c\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?", "Tr\u1ee5c b\u00e1n kh\u00e1c nhau bao nhi\u00eau?", "Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch bao xa t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng cho t\u1edbi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u1edf \u0111\u00f3? ", "\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u00ec c\u1ee7a qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Pan g\u00e2y n\u00ean kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch?", "C\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho Vestas Wind Systems?", "SAP l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb g\u00ec?", "t\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00e0 Novell \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb IDP v\u00e0 SPP l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "Khi n\u00e0o Novell sa th\u1ea3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed?", "Parabuthus transvaalicus sinh s\u1ed1ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u00e0o?", "Ch\u00e2u Phi c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n?", "\u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103m 2006? ", "C\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p g\u00ec?", "Trong l\u1edbp thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p h\u1ea1m Kaiser, t\u00e0u n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng? ", "London Metal Exchange cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i g\u00ec tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi?", "H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?", "Pichai \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c sinh ra trong gia \u0111i\u0300nh nh\u01b0 th\u00ea\u0301 na\u0300o?", "Pichai \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc m\u00f4n g\u00ec?", "Pichai gia nh\u1eadp Google v\u00e0o n\u0103m n\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m g\u00ec?", "B\u1ed1 hay m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u h\u01a1n? ", "Michael d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc \u1edf nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng cao \u0111\u1eb3ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?", "D\u01b0 D\u01b0\u01a1ng Y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t danh hi\u1ec7u c\u1edd g\u00ec? ", "T\u00ean c\u1ee7a trung t\u00e2m tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a WAB xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc Tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "C\u00e1c website c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec?", "Fritz \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o?", "Zwicky \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft h\u00f4n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u? ", "T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p protein x\u1ea3y ra trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?", "Ngo\u00e0i DNA, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin di truy\u1ec1n?", "S\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 cho phim Avatar l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?", "\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb n\u00e0o h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 Cameron trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t phim Avatar? ", "C\u00e2y th\u00e2n th\u1ea3o l\u00e2u n\u0103m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ecdc cao nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn bao nhi\u00eau d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0i l\u1ea7n? ", "C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i bao l\u00e2u m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb?", "Christian Bj\u00f8rnsh\u00f8i Poulsen c\u00f3 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ecbch g\u00ec?", "S\u00e2n bay qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Sevastopol \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?", "S\u00e2n bay l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u? ", "Rita Sahatciu Ora \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m n\u00e0o?", "Ora tr\u00f2n m\u1ed9t tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0o n\u0103m n\u00e0o?", "Edwards \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eafng bao nhi\u00eau Gi\u1ea3i V\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch B\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1?", "Coppola \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u1ef1a t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn anh \u1ea5y b\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch?", "B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y g\u00ec n\u1ebfu d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 th\u1eadn.", "Ai gi\u00fap Edward c\u1ee9u Bella?", "Ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau c\u1ee7a Victoria?", "Edward b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng ai?", "Edward lu\u00f4n h\u1ebft m\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ai?", "L\u00e0n da c\u1ee7a Edward \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1i g\u00ec?", "Bella \u0111a\u0303 so sa\u0301nh Edward v\u01a1\u0301i ai?", "Edward ko th\u1ec3 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a g\u00ec?", "Edward s\u1edf h\u1eefu nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 20?", "\u00c2m nh\u1ea1c nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 80 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong \"\"Twilight?\"\"", "Edward gh\u00e9t lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ea1c n\u00e0o?", "Loa\u0323i nha\u0323c cu\u0323 na\u0300o Edward ch\u01a1i t\u00f4\u0301t?", "Em g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a Edward t\u00ean l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "Microsoft v\u00e0 IBM \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0o gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980? ", "H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0o c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi so v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m?", "Lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf b\u1edfi giao t\u00e1c NTFS?", "C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 t\u1eadp tin b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t? ", "EFS l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Microsoft chung v\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh g\u00ec?  ", "L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t EFS? ", "t\u1eadp tin c\u00f3 nh\u00e3n gi\u1edd l\u1ec7ch bao nhi\u00eau ti\u1ebfng?", "K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a t\u1ed1i \u0111a NTFS l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau? ", "B\u1ea3n ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a GSM r\u1eb1ng GPRS \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "\u0111\u1ed9 bao ph\u1ee7 di \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 n\u00e0y?", "T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 bao ph\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 CS-1 c\u00f3 l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?", "Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0o trong s\u00f4-c\u00f4-la c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a s\u00f4-c\u00f4-la?", "Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh n\u00e0o? ", "Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Scotland \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng Vua James khi n\u00e0o?", "AlphaGo \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i Lee Sadol v\u00e0o n\u0103m n\u00e0o trong m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u d\u00e0i n\u0103m v\u00e1n?", "T\u1ed5 ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Gadot l\u00e0 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u00e0o?", "Varsano sinh ra khi n\u00e0o? ", "C\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng?", "Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Baden-Powell vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec?", "\u0110\u1ed9i n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng tr\u1eadn chung k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean gi\u1eefa hai \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f9ng qu\u1ed1c gia?", "C\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf Mussoorie d\u01b0\u1edbi 6 tu\u1ed5i?", "Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft th\u1eddi gian trong n\u0103m l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?", "C\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi Li\u00ean X\u00f4 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft trong v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1960?", "Qix cao bao nhi\u00eau?", "Kamen c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 v\u00e0o n\u0103m bao nhi\u00eau?", "Myrdal \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng trong th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 n\u00e0o?", "\"Khi n\u00e0o b\u00e0i h\u00e1t \"\"Dream\"\" \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh?\"", "N\u0103m n\u00e0o Bulgaria Air th\u00e0nh t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n?", "H\u00e3ng Hemus Air \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb trong bao nhi\u00eau n\u0103m?", "M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec?", "ai l\u00e0 ashly burch?", "Cha c\u1ee7a Handler \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m ngh\u1ec1 g\u00ec?", "Ph\u00e2n lo\u00e0i n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a h\u1ed5 ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o kh\u00e1c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i h\u1ed5 s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n?", "Khi n\u00e0o \u00f4ng ta b\u1ecb k\u1ebft \u00e1n?", "\u00c1p su\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n trung b\u00ecnh (MSLP) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn khi n\u00e0o?", "V\u00e0o n\u0103m n\u00e0o th\u00ec cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng ra m\u1eaft?", "Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n javascript \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "C\u00f4ng ty na\u0300o \u0111a\u0303 ti\u0301ch h\u01a1\u0323p MVC va\u0300 AJAX va\u0300o tha\u0300nh m\u00f4\u0323t n\u00ea\u0300n ta\u0309ng pha\u0301t widget?", "M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a chuy\u1ebfn bay t\u1eeb Paris Orly l\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?", "V\u0169 kh\u00ed ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed n\u00e0o?", "Guillotin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra khi n\u00e0o?", "Chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a bedaquiline trong n\u1eeda n\u0103m l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau \u1edf c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia gi\u00e0u c\u00f3?", "\u0110\u01a1\u0323t v\u01b0\u01a1\u0323t bi\u00ean l\u01a1\u0301n cu\u0309a ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i Cuba \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c go\u0323i t\u00ean la\u0300 gi\u0300?", "Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Lee l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "V\u1ee5 th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?", "Ho\u0323 \u0111ang ti\u0300m ki\u00ea\u0301m gi\u0300 trong h\u00e2\u0300m mo\u0309?", "Nh\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu h\u1ecdc R.B. Bean \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9?", "Springsteen \u0111a\u0303 ba\u0301n bao nhi\u00eau tri\u00ea\u0323u ba\u0309n ghi tr\u00ean th\u00ea\u0301 gi\u01a1\u0301i? ", "The Wild \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh n\u0103m n\u00e0o?", "D\u00e2n s\u00f4\u0301 cu\u0309a Poonch, \u00c2\u0301n \u0110\u00f4\u0323 trong n\u0103m 2011?", "vua n\u00e0o?", "Chuy\u1ec7n g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh b\u1ecb b\u1eaft?", "T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?", "\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi Kronprinz trong chi\u1ebfn tranh?", "King \u0111\u00e3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3u ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng n\u00e0o?", "T\u00ean ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Osechi l\u00e0 g\u00ec?", "Dickens \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft g\u00ec trong l\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1876?", "Stephen Harper c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 g\u00ec trong ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7?", "Kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quay m\u00f9a 3?", "\u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0938\u094d\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0908\u090f \u091c\u094b \u0938\u0947\u0932\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u091a\u0940\u091c \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0948\u0930\u0947\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0907\u092e\u093e \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0948?\\n", "\u091c\u093e\u0907\u0932\u0947\u092e \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0932\u0947\u092a\u094d\u091f\u094b\u092e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?\\n", "\u092c\u093e\u0939\u094d\u092f\u0924\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902?", "\u092a\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u090f?", "\u092a\u094b \u0928\u0947 \u0906\u0916\u093f\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0940?", "\u0907\u0938 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "\u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0921\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0932\u094b\u092e\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "\u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u091c\u094b \u092b\u094d\u0932\u0947\u092c\u094b\u091f\u0949\u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0930\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0916\u0942\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902?", "\u0906\u091c \u0921\u0940\u090f\u0928\u090f \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u090f\u0928\u091f\u0940\u0906\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u094c\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0948\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u091a\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e?", "\u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f-\u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u0915 (sound signal) \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0941\u091d\u093e\u0935 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e?", "CRT TV \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u0927\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u0930 \u092c\u094d\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0925\u0940?", "\u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942\u0906\u0924\u0940 \u091f\u0940\u0935\u0940 \u0930\u093f\u0938\u0940\u0935\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0915\u093f\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "\u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928\u0947\u0902 \u0925\u0940\u0902?", "\u095e\u0940\u0932\u094d\u0921\u094d\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947\u0915\u0902\u0921 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092b\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?\\n", "\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u092c \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?", "\u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935\u0924\u0903 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?\\n", "\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924-\u0927\u092e\u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092b\u0948\u0932\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u091a\u094c\u095c\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u090f\u091c\u0947\u0902\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u0928\u0932 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e  \u0939\u0948?", "\u092e\u0927\u0941\u092e\u0947\u0939\u0940 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0948\u0925\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0939\u0948?", "\u0907\u0938 \u0930\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930, \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u0928\u0932 \u0921\u093f\u0938\u092b\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947  \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?", "\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?", "\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0935\u0947\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948?\\n", "\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u0930\u0940\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0942\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0938\u0942\u0938 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948?", "\u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u0925\u0948\u0930\u0947\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 % \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0927\u0941\u092e\u0947\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948", "\u092e\u0927\u0941\u092e\u0947\u0939 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0948\u0925\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?\\n", "\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0925\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0932\u0948\u091f\u093f\u0928 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u0917\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0925\u0930 \u0915\u093e 300 \u0908.\u092a\u0942. \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0947 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\u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948?", "\u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947  \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0930\u091c\u094b\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902? ", "\u0913\u091c\u094b\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 \u091c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948?", "\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?\\n", "\u0928\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "1900 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u092a\u0926\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u0947\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e?", "\u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0917\u093e\u092f\u092c \u0939\u094b \u0917\u090f \u0925\u0947?", "\u0908\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u091a\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u091c\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0938\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092c \u0928\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u0930\u094b\u092c\u094b\u091f \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0936\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?\\n", "\u0938\u094c\u0930 \u091c\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0947 \u090a\u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u0909\u0920\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902?", "\u0926\u0941\u092c\u0908 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?", "\u0915\u093e\u0917\u091c \u092a\u0930 \u091b\u0947\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0906\u092e \u0939\u0948?\\n", "\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0926\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0947\u091c\u093c \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u093e \u090a\u0902\u091a\u093e \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0921\u0947\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u091b\u0947\u0926 \u0939\u0948\u0902?", "\u091a\u093e\u0930-\u091b\u0947\u0926 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094c\u0928\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902?", "\u0909\u0938 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u093e \u091c\u0941\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "\u0938\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0925 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092c \u0906\u0930\u094b\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0926\u094b\u0937\u0940 \u0920\u0939\u0930\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e?\\n", "\u0935\u093f\u092f\u0924\u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0936\u0939\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092c\u0926\u0932\u093e\u0935 \u0906\u092f\u093e?\\n", "\u0921\u094b\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "1985 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u092c \u0926\u094b\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e, \u0924\u092c \u0928\u090f \u0926\u094b\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0940\u092e\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0902\u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940?", "\u0938\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0939\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u091f \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0911\u092b \u0935\u093f\u092f\u0924\u0928\u093e\u092e \u0928\u0947 2 \u0914\u0930 10 \u0926\u094b\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u094b\u091f \u0915\u092c \u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u090f?", "\u0915\u094c\u0928\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u096b,\u0967,\u0968... \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u094b\u091f \u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f?", "\u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u092f\u093e?", "5\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0918\u093e\u092f\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u0941\u091f\u092c\u0949\u0932 \u0916\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0927\u0930\u093e\u0936\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926, \u0932\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u093e \u092a\u0947\u0936\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e?", "2016 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092d\u0940 \u092b\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e?", "18\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0926\u094b \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0939\u0941\u0908?", "ESA \u0915\u094b \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0936\u093e \u0939\u0948? ", "ESA \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0902\u091c\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0926\u0940?\\n", "\u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0928\u093f\u091a\u0932\u0947 \u092c\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092c \u0905\u0927\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e?\\n", "\u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u095b\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092c \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u092c\u094d\u095b\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "\u092c\u0948\u091f\u092e\u0948\u0928 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u0941\u092a\u0930\u092e\u0948\u0928: \u0921\u0949\u0928 \u0911\u092b \u091c\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0930\u093f\u0932\u0940\u091c \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0916 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0925\u0940?\\n", "\u0906\u0928\u0902\u0926\u0940\u092c\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0905\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0924\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u091a\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0938\u0915 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e?", "\u0906\u0928\u0902\u0926\u0940\u092c\u093e\u0908 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092c \u0932\u094c\u091f\u0940\u0902?", "\u0906\u0928\u0902\u0926\u0940\u092c\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0941 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0939\u0941\u0908?", "\u0915\u0948\u0930\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0928 \u0921\u0949\u0932 \u0928\u0947 \u091c\u094b\u0936\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u092c \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0940?", "\u0906\u0928\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0917\u094b\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940?", " \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0902\u0921\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0930  \u0918\u0930 \u0932\u094c\u091f\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948? ", "\u0939\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0947\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u091c\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0925\u0940?", "\u092b\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0942\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?\\n", "\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0938 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u091b\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\\n", "\u0915\u093f\u0938 \u090f\u092f\u0930\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2002 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0917\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u090f\u092f\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?", "\u092c\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0917\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u090f\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e?\\n", "\u0939\u0947\u092e\u0938 \u090f\u092f\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0908 \u0925\u0940?", "\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2010 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0921\u092e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0924 \u0906\u092c\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0925\u0940?\\n", "\u0909\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u090f\u092f\u0930\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0926\u0932 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e?\\n", "\u092a\u0947\u0917\u093e\u0938\u0938 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0928\u092f\u0947 \u092c\u094b\u0907\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0911\u0930\u094d\u0921\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e?", "\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u092a\u094b\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "2008 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0930\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939\u0942\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "\u0924\u0947\u091c\u0938 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948? ", "\u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0915\u093f\u091c\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948?", "\u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u091f\u0940\u092e \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0930\u093e\u0909\u0902\u0921 \u0924\u0915 \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0940?", "\u092f\u0939 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948?\\n", "\u0926\u0947\u0935\u0926\u093e\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0947 \u0925\u0947?", "\u0926\u0947\u0935\u0926\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u094b\u0939\u0928\u0926\u093e\u0938 \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0925\u093e?", "\u0915\u0928\u093e\u0921\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0936\u0941 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u093e \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u090f\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0917\u0947\u092e \u0915\u0908 \u0939\u0925\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0908 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964", "\u0915\u094c\u0928\u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915\u0932 \u0916\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0921\u0940 \u0916\u0947\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u094b \u0916\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0921\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u092e\u094b\u0921 \u0939\u0948?", "\u0916\u0947\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e?", "\u0939\u0948\u0921\u0928 \u0939\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0939\u093e\u0908 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?", "\u0916\u093e\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0913\u0930 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902?", "\u0909\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u092f\u093e?", "\u0909\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "\u0935\u0941\u0921\u0942 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0924\u0932\u092c \u0939\u0948? ", "\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0928 \u0915\u094b\u0932\u094d\u0921 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0935 \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0938\u0932\u0940 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u091f\u0948\u0917 \u091f\u0940\u092e \u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e?\\n", "\u092e\u094b\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094b \u0938\u0939\u094b\u0926\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902?", "\u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u092c\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "\u0909\u0938 \u091f\u0947\u0932\u0940\u0928\u094b\u0935\u0947\u0932\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0928\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u0915\u0940?\\n", "\u090f\u0932 \u0938\u0947\u0928\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b \u0926\u0947 \u090f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0942\u0921\u093f\u0913\u0938 \u0926\u0947 \u092b\u094b\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0938\u093f\u0913\u0902 \u090f\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0930\u0932 (El Centro de Estudios de Formaci\u00f3n Actoral) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094c\u0928\u0938\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f \u0938\u0940\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\\n", "3G \u0914\u0930 4G \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0928\u0947\u091f \u0915\u0928\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0902\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e 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\u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u0949\u0935\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?\\n", "\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0902\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0907\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947\u0932\u092b\u094b\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u093f\u0938\u0947\u092a\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?\\n", "\u0915\u093f\u0938 \u091a\u0940\u091c \u0938\u0947 \u091a\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0905\u0938\u0930 \u092a\u095c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0915\u0941\u091b \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f 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"\u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u090f\u0915-\u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?", "\u0935\u0947 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u0915\u094b\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 14 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091a \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0906\u0926\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0948\u0902\u0921\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0935\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902?", "\u0909\u092a\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0920\u093e\u0908 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0926\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948?", "\u0909\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c \u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0902\u0935\u0926\u0902\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930, \u091a\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0941\u0928\u0915\u0930 \u0928\u094c\u0915\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u0924\u093f \u0939\u0948?", "\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0926\u094b \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u0948\u0932\u0947\u0902\u091f\u093e\u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938 \u0921\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0930 \u0930\u094b\u0915 \u0932\u0917\u093e \u0926\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940?", "\u0921\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0917\u0928 \u092c\u0949\u0932 \u091c\u0947\u0921 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"\u0915\u094c\u0928 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0907\u0902\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u091f\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f \u0911\u092b \u0928\u0947\u091a\u0941\u0930\u0932 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0938\u0947\u095b \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0925\u0940? ", "\u0935\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0930\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0925\u0947?", "ASP.NET \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092f\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0940\u091b\u0947 \u0930\u0916\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0935\u0939 \u0906\u0959\u093f\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092f\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u092d\u0940 \u0939\u0948?", "\u0915\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092e\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u091a\u0948\u0928\u0932 \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e?", "\u092e\u093f\u0932\u0935\u0949\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092c\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0938\u0924 \u0909\u092e\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u092e\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0935\u094c\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b 2001 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u0902\u092c\u0930 1 \u0930\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e?", "\u092e\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0935\u094c\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0906\u092f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u0940 \u0911\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0925 \u0905\u092a\u0932\u094b\u0921\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902?\\n", "\u090f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093f\u092e\u0935\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e?\\n", "\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a-\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0940\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u091a\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0928\u0935\u091c\u093e\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0906\u092e \u092c\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a-\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0906\u092e\u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?", "\u090f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u091c\u093f\u0938 \u0935\u091c\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0941\u0935\u093e \u092e\u0928\u0941\u0937\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e 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", "2002 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0947 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947?", "\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0916\u0941\u0932\u093e\u0938\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e?", "\u0915\u094b\u092e\u0947\u0935\u093f\u091c\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?", "\u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0926\u0902\u0921\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092c\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u092c \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940?", "\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0938\u092c\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u0938 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\u0932\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?", "\u0921\u094b\u092c\u0947\u0930\u093e\u0907\u0928\u0930 \u0915\u094c\u0928\u0938\u093e \u0924\u0947\u091c\u093c\u093e\u092c \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0906\u091c, \u092e\u0915\u0908 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092b\u0930\u092b\u0941\u0930\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?\\n", "\u0905\u0921\u094b\u092c \u092b\u094b\u091f\u094b\u0936\u0949\u092a  \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e?", "\u0908\u092a\u0940\u0906\u0908\u0938\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0908 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0940 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0939\u0948?", "\u0928\u0908 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0915\u0932\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?\\n", "\u0906\u0907\u091f\u0948\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e?\\n", "\u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u092f \u091c\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0928 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0942\u0924\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "\u0924\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0930\u0926\u0917\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u092c \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0925\u0947?", "\u090f\u0930\u094d\u0921\u094b\u0917\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0925\u0940?", "\u092e\u093e\u0908 \u0938\u094b\u0902, \u0935\u093f\u092f\u0924\u0928\u093e\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0938\u092a\u093e\u0938 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e?\\n", "\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u092e \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0908 \u0917\u0908?", "\u092c\u0947\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0947\u0938-\u0932\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0940?", "CERN \u0928\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0932\u094d\u0921 \u0935\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u0935\u0947\u092c \u0915\u0940 \u0918\u094b\u0937\u0923\u093e \u0915\u092c \u0915\u0940?\\n", "\u091f\u093f\u092e \u092c\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0930\u094d\u0938-\u0932\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e?", "GMRT \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948?\\n", "\u092c\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u0926 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0938\u094d\u091f \u090f\u0932\u094d\u092c\u092e \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0939\u0948?", "\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0921\u0932 \u092c\u094d\u0932\u0940\u0925 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0921 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0925\u0947?", "\u092c\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u0926 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e?", "\u092c\u0948\u0902\u0921 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0917\u0939 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0940?", "\u092c\u0948\u0902\u0921 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0949\u0928 \u0915\u0948\u0902\u092a\u092c\u0947\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0926 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?\\n", "\u090f\u0915 \u0928\u090f \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u090f\u0932\u094d\u092c\u092e \u0915\u092c \u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e?", "\u092a\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0935\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0932\u094d\u092c\u092e \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?\\n", "\u0905\u0938\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0947\u0936\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0915\u0949\u0923\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0930\u093f\u090f\u0902\u091f \u0935\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0902", "\u0917\u093f\u0932\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092b\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0917\u093f\u0932\u0939\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0916\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902?", "\u0917\u093f\u0932\u0939\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0909\u092a \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0902\u091f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u092c\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092c\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092f\u093e?\\n", "\u0926\u0947\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0940 \u0925\u0940?", "\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0902?", "\u092c\u094b\u092c\u0938\u094d\u0932\u0947\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0926\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0925\u0947?", "\u0928\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0917\u094d\u0932\u094b\u092c\u0932 \u0935\u094d\u0939\u0940\u0915\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u092c \u092c\u0928\u093e?", "\u0930\u0902\u0917\u092d\u0947\u0926 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0924\u0932\u092c \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0938\u0947\u0932\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0917 \u0928\u0947 \u0930\u094b\u092e\u0928\u0949\u092b \u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092c\u0924\u093e\u092f\u093e?", "\u092c\u094d\u0930\u0942\u0938 \u092c\u0948\u0928\u0930/\u0939\u0932\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0908?", "\u0915\u0932\u093e\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091a\u0941\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u092c \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0925\u0940?", "\u0906\u092f\u0930\u0928 \u092e\u0948\u0928 \u0915\u092c \u0930\u093f\u0932\u0940\u091c\u093c \u0939\u0941\u0908?", "\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0932\u0947\u091f \u091c\u094b\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0917\u0939 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0940?", "\u0906\u092e\u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092b\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?\\n", "\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094c\u0928\u0938\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0924\u092e \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", " \u0930\u092e\u0928 \u0936\u094b\u0927 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e?", "\u092e\u0948\u0917\u0932\u0947\u0935 \u0930\u0947\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0916-\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0935 \u0935\u093e\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0926\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0917\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0930 \u0925\u0940?", "\u091a\u094b\u091f\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0917\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0930 \u0925\u0940\u0902?", "\u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942 \u0930 \u092a\u0947\u0921\u093f\u0905   \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 1876 \u200b\u200b\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0921\u093f\u0915\u0947\u0902\u0938 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u0925\u093e?\\n", "\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0930\u094d\u0921\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0902\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093f\u0938 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917\u093e\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u092c \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0940?\\n", "\u0930\u0948\u092b\u0932\u094d\u0938 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0928\u092f\u093e \u092c\u0902\u0926\u0930\u0917\u093e\u0939 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947?", "\u0905\u092b\u0940\u092e \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u092e\u0932\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e?", "\u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0905\u0915\u0941\u0936\u0932 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947", "\u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0927 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0921\u093f\u0915\u0947\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935\u0924\u0903 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e?", "\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917\u093e\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0942 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?\\n", "\u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0948\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u092c\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u090f?", "\u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0917\u090f?\\n", "\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0921\u0947\u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0924\u0932\u092c \u0939\u0948?", "1955 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0924\u0926\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e?\\n", "\u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0921\u093f\u0932 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u0926\u0902\u0917\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0939\u0941\u0906?", "\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917\u093e\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u0917\u0923\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0930\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0925\u0947?", "\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0906\u0928 \u092f\u0942 \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917\u093e\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u0941 \u0917\u0923\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092c\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e?", "\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917\u093e\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094c\u0928\u0938\u093e \u0926\u0932 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948?", "\u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2001 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917\u093e\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u0926\u0942\u0924\u093e\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u092e\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?\\n", "\u0917\u0902\u0917\u0928\u092e, \u0915\u094b\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092c\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948?", "\u090f\u0902\u091c\u0947\u0932\u0940\u0928\u093e \u091c\u094b\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0928 \u0939\u0948?", "\u091c\u094b\u0932\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u0940?\\n", "\u090f\u0902\u091c\u0947\u0932\u093e \u091c\u094b\u0932\u0940 \u091c\u092c \u091b\u0939 \u0938\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940 \u0924\u092c \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092f\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u091a\u0932\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e?", "\u091c\u094b\u0932\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092f\u093e\u091a\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0926\u093e\u0916\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u0940?", "\u0909\u0938 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0928\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u094b\u0939\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "\u0905\u0915\u093e\u0926\u092e\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e?", "\u090f\u0902\u091c\u0947\u0932\u0940\u0928\u093e \u091c\u094b\u0932\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092a\u0940\u0921\u093c\u093f\u0924 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0916\u0941\u0926 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e ?", "\u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 10 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0925\u0947?", "\u091c\u094b\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u0948\u0902\u092a\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e?", "\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0924\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u092f \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u0908?", "2006 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u091c\u094b\u0928\u093f\u092b\u0930 \u090f\u0928\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947?", "\u0928\u094b\u0930\u092b\u094b\u0915 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0926\u0902\u0921\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u094c\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0905\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u092c\u0902\u0926 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e?\\n", "\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092c\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0940\u092c \u0926\u0902\u0921\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0925\u0940?", "\u090f\u092f\u0930\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0958\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0938 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "\u090f\u092b\u0938\u0940\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u0915\u092c \u0939\u0941\u0908?", "\u092e\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0968 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0948\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0915\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "\u092c\u0947\u0928 \u091a\u0940\u092b\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093e\u091c\u092f \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0925\u0940?", "\u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0906\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0938\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0917\u092e\u0928 \u0939\u0941\u0906?", "\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0939\u0948?", "\u0939\u0930\u0940\u0930\u0942\u0926 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092c\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?\\n", "\u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u092c\u0938 \u0917\u090f?", "\u092d\u0942\u0915\u0902\u092a \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u093e \u092d\u0940\u0937\u0923 \u0925\u093e?", "\u0938\u094b\u0932\u094b\u092e\u0928 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a\u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948?", "\u091c\u0942\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094b\u0932\u094b\u092e\u0928 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0925\u093e?", "\u092a\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0928\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092c\u094b\u0932\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948?", "\u0938\u094b\u0932\u094b\u092e\u0928 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u092a\u0922\u093c \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0942\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093f\u0932\u0940\u091c\u093c \u0939\u0941\u0908?", "2007 \u0915\u0940 \u092b\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092e \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0925\u0947?", "\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0938\u091a\u093f\u0935 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0925\u093e?\\n", "\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0926\u094b \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u092c \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0928\u0902\u092c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "\u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0930\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e?\\n", "\u0926\u094b \u0905\u0932\u0917-\u0905\u0932\u0917 \u092e\u094c\u091c\u0942\u0926 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u091a\u0940\u091c \u0915\u094b \u0939\u0935\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0920\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u093e\u0935\u093e \u092b\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948?", "\u092f\u0942\u090f\u0938 \u092c\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0932\u093e \u090f\u092f\u0930\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0938 \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u092e\u092c\u0930\u094d\u0921\u0940\u092f\u0930 \u0921\u0948\u0936 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942400 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0916\u0930\u0940\u0926\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "\u092e\u0948\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093f\u0932\u0940\u095b \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093f\u0932\u0940\u095b \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940?", "\u092a\u094d\u0930\u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902?", "\u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u0947\u0930 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?", "\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 \u0915\u0947 \u092b\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u095e\u0947\u0926 \u0930\u0902\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0918\u0928\u0940 \u0905\u092f\u093e\u0932 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948?", "2002-2004 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0947\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0902\u0917\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u091c\u0917\u0939 \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u093f\u0921\u093c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0918\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0947\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u091a\u093f\u0921\u093c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0918\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u0906?\\n", "\u0932\u0902\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u091f\u0949\u0935\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u0947\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u0948\u0938\u093e \u092f\u093e \u0936\u0947\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e? ", "\u0936\u0947\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0932\u094b\u0915\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0928\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948?", "\u092c\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0926\u0936\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093f\u0932\u0940\u091c\u093c \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0925\u0940?\\n", "\u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u090f\u0902\u091f-\u092e\u0948\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e?", "\u0910\u0902\u091f-\u092e\u0948\u0928 \u092c\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0949\u091f \u0932\u0948\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0947\u0936\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "\u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0930\u0947\u0932\u0935\u0947 \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0938\u0902\u0918 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948?", "\u0905\u0917\u093e\u0925\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0932\u0947\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "\u0938\u093f\u0915\u0902\u0926\u0930 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e?", "\u092a\u094b\u092e\u0947\u0930\u0947\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0930 \u0939\u0948?", "\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e?\\n", "\u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u093e\u0908 \u0905\u0902\u0926\u0930\u0942\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0939\u0948?", "\u0939\u094b\u0938\u094b \u0938\u0902\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u093e?", "\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0907\u0921\u092e\u0948\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0939\u092e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0948\u0938\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e?", "\u092e\u094b\u0928\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0948\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0948\u0935\u0947\u091c \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u0938\u0947 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0940?", "\u0915\u092c \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u0917\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f?", "\u0921\u0947\u092b \u0932\u0947\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0925\u093e?", "\u092b\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?\\n", "\u0921\u0947\u092b \u0932\u0947\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u090f\u0932\u094d\u092c\u092e \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u093e \u0925\u093e?\\n", "\u0908260 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092e\u094d\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0939\u0935\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u0940\u092f\u0930 \u0914\u0930/\u092f\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0906\u092e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?\\n", "\u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?", "\u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0932\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0939\u0948?", "\u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u093e \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u0924\u0942\u0935\u093e \u0917\u0923\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0948? ", "\u0907\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0908 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902?", "\u092e\u0932\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091a\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?", "\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0938\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0947\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0924\u091f \u092a\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?", "\u0905\u0921\u094b\u0932\u094d\u092b \u090f\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0915\u0940\u0913\u0932\u094d\u0921 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0916\u094b\u091c \u0915\u0940?", "\u092a\u0948\u0930\u093e\u0932\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092a\u093f\u092f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u0913\u0932\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092a\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0925\u0932\u0940\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092c\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092c\u093e\u0927\u093e \u0939\u0948? ", "\u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u090f\u0938\u0947\u091f \u0938\u0947\u0902\u0938\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?\\n", "\u0906\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e?", "\u092e\u0924\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u0909\u0902\u0921 \u0939\u0941\u090f?\\n", "\u0928\u0908 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u094b\u091f \u0925\u0947?\\n", "\u092e\u0941\u0902\u0924\u091c\u0948\u0915 \u0915\u092c \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u0947?", "\u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0915\u091f\u093f\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u093f\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u092c \u0938\u0902\u092d\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?\\n", "2006 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0925\u0940?", "\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091f\u093f\u092a\u094d\u092a\u0923\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u091c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0925\u093e?", "\u0907\u0938\u0939\u093e\u0915 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0932\u093e?\\n", "\u0939\u0947\u0928\u0930\u0940 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\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940?", "\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u0949\u0932\u0947\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "\u0930\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?\\n", "\u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0924\u0924\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0940?", "\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092a\u0930 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"\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0928-\u0907\u0924\u093e\u0932\u0935\u0940 \u0917\u0920\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "\u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u0940 \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092d\u0902\u0921\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948?", "\u092e\u0942\u0932 \u092b\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f \u090f\u0902\u0921 \u0926 \u092b\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0938 \u092b\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0915\u093e 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"\u0938\u0947\u0930\u0947\u092c\u094d\u0930\u0932 \u092a\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0939\u0948?\\n", "\u0905\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0942\u092c\u0930 2008 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0949\u0928\u094d\u091a \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0948\u0915\u092c\u0941\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u093e \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 \u0939\u0948\u0902?", "\u0915\u094b\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u093e\u0935\u093e, \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "\u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0928\u0947 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"\u0939\u0949\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0916 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940?", "\u0915\u0948\u091f\u0930\u092a\u093f\u0932\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0916\u093f\u0932\u093e\u092b \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?\\n", "\u0913\u0938\u0940\u090f \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?", "OCA \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902?", "\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0939 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0908\u0902\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 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\u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u0928\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0921\u093c \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u093f\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u0947?", "\u0921\u0949. \u0930\u0947\u0921\u094d\u0921\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u093e \u092d\u0941\u0917\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e?", "\u091c\u093f\u091c\u093c\u0916 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u0948?", "\u0932\u093e\u0924\u0935\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0908\u092f\u0942 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092c \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0941\u0906?", "\u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0925\u0947?", "\u0907\u0928\u094d\u092b\u093f\u0928\u093f\u091f\u093f\u092e\u0932 \u0915\u0948\u0932\u0915\u0941\u0932\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u092c \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?", "\u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0935\u0947\u0928\u0947\u091c\u0941\u090f\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?", "\u0915\u094b\u092a\u094b\u0932\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u0918\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0932\u094b\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964\\n", "\u092c\u0947\u0932\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092c\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0921\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940?\\n", "\u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0925\u093e?", "\u090f\u0921\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0941\u0906?", "\u0915\u093f\u0938 \u091a\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u0947\u0932\u093e \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 \u092e\u0930 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940?\\n", "\u090f\u0921\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0939\u0948?\\n", "\u090f\u0921\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 ?", "\u092c\u0947\u0932\u093e \u090f\u0921\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902?\\n", "20 \u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0938\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0921\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0939\u0948?\\n", "\u090f\u0921\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0940\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092a\u0941\u0923\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u091c\u093e\u092f\u093e?", "\u0905\u0938\u094d\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0936\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u091f\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0908\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u090f\u0921\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0907\u0915\u091f\u094d\u0920\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u094c\u0915 \u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u0949\u0932\u094d\u0935\u094b \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e?", "\u090f\u0921\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0917\u0920\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u091f\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e?", "\u0907\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0916\u093f\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e?", "\u0928\u094b-\u092b\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u094b\u0928 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u0947 \u0917\u090f \u0925\u0947?", "\u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0902, \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u0925\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u0932\u0921\u093c\u093e\u0915\u0942 \u0935\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932\u0924\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0935 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0902?", "\u0916\u093e\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u0902\u0938\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940?", "\u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u093e\u092c\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0908 \u0928\u0908 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902?\\n", "\u0908 \u090f\u092b \u090f\u0938 \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0907\u0915\u0920\u094d\u0920\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u092b\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0916\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0906\u092a EFS \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?", "\u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0948\u092e\u094d\u092a \u0924\u094d\u0930\u0941\u091f\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0918\u0902\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948?", "NTFS \u0935\u0949\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u092e \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?\\n", "\u092c\u093e\u0921\u0947\u0928-\u092a\u0949\u0935\u0947\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u0940\u0902?\\n", "\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0909\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0926\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u091c\u0940\u092a\u0940\u0906\u0930\u090f\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u091c\u0940\u090f\u0938\u090f\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u0930\u093f\u0932\u0940\u091c \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u092f\u0926\u093f \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0940\u092e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u094b \u0938\u0947\u0932 \u0915\u0935\u0930\u0947\u091c \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0947\u0917\u0940?", "CS-1 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0935\u0930\u0947\u091c \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0906\u0907\u0938\u094b\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u091a\u094c\u0925\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0949\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u091c\u0947\u092e \u0915\u0949\u0932\u0947\u091c \u0915\u092c \u0930\u0916\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e?", "\u092a\u093e\u0902\u091a \u0916\u0947\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0948\u091a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u092b\u093e\u0917\u094b \u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0940 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\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u0941\u091f\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0932\u094b\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948?", "\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u093e\u0935\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948?\\n", "\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0915 \u0926\u0932 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0916\u094b\u091c\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0936 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?", "\u0907\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 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"\u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0911\u092a\u0930\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u0907\u0932\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0930 CS2 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?\\n", "2037 \u092c\u092e\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0915 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0911\u092a\u0930\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e?\\n", "\u0938\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0928 \u0926\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u092d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u093e\u0916 \u0930\u093f\u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u092c\u0947\u091a \u091a\u0941\u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?", "\u092a\u0941\u0902\u091b, \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092c\u093e\u0926\u0940 2011 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0925\u0940?", "\u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e?", "\u092a\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0917\u090f \u0938\u0948\u0928\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906?", "\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0928-39 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0927\u093e \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928-\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?", "\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u092b\u0928 \u0939\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0925\u0940?", "\u0938\u0940\u095b\u0928 3 \u0915\u093e \u092b\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0939\u094b\u091f\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?"], "answers": [{"text": "40 ng\u00e0y", "answer_start": 341}, {"text": "k\u00fd t\u1ef1 \u1ea2 R\u1eadp", "answer_start": 510}, {"text": "Kyrgyz", "answer_start": 276}, {"text": "th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb l\u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t hay l\u1edf tuy\u1ebft.", "answer_start": 220}, {"text": "ch\u1ed1ng Anh v\u00e0 th\u00e2n Nga", "answer_start": 993}, {"text": "b\u1ed3n t\u1eafm", "answer_start": 550}, {"text": "Wilhelm", "answer_start": 117}, {"text": "Nam t\u01b0\u1edbc Storkmar", "answer_start": 444}, {"text": "h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ed5", "answer_start": 1634}, {"text": "1866,", "answer_start": 320}, {"text": "Hermann von Helmholtz v\u00e0 Rudolf Virchow", "answer_start": 3710}, {"text": "Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n", "answer_start": 631}, {"text": "qu\u1ea3n gia Hugo von Radolinski v\u00e0 h\u1ecda s\u0129 G\u00f6tz de Seckendorff,", "answer_start": 1099}, {"text": "Friedrich v\u00e0 Viktoria", "answer_start": 72}, {"text": "Ho\u00e0ng th\u00e2n Adolf x\u1ee9 Schaumburg-Lippe,", "answer_start": 239}, {"text": "Kronberg", "answer_start": 94}, {"text": "1913", "answer_start": 102}, {"text": "TCTF", "answer_start": 1286}, {"text": "c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t", "answer_start": 411}, {"text": "Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c R\u00f4ma", "answer_start": 386}, {"text": "gi\u1eef c\u1eeda, \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, gi\u00fap l\u1ec5, tr\u1eeb t\u00e0, ph\u1ee5 ph\u00f3 t\u1ebf, ph\u00f3 t\u1ebf v\u00e0 linh m\u1ee5c", "answer_start": 99}, {"text": "Trung h\u1ecdc Elliot Lake", "answer_start": 316}, {"text": "Brian Thicke", "answer_start": 229}, {"text": "\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0110\u00f4ng Ontario", "answer_start": 365}, {"text": "Greer", "answer_start": 128}, {"text": "Carter William Thicke", "answer_start": 443}, {"text": "How Men Have Babies: The Pregnant Father's Survival Guide", "answer_start": 33}, {"text": "Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t: Pictionary", "answer_start": 36}, {"text": "1469,", "answer_start": 121}, {"text": "T\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7y Ho\u00e0ng", "answer_start": 2281}, {"text": "th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.", "answer_start": 1266}, {"text": "nh\u00f3m c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp th\u01b0\u01a1ng gia,", "answer_start": 428}, {"text": "-30 \u00b0C (-22 \u00b0F).N\u01b0\u1edbc", "answer_start": 111}, {"text": "York, trong \u0111i\u1ec1n trang Sandringham \u1edf Norfolk", "answer_start": 36}, {"text": "\u00e1p l\u1ef1c trong chi\u1ebfn tranh", "answer_start": 33}, {"text": "9 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1901:", "answer_start": 22}, {"text": "ng\u00e0y 10 th\u00e1ng 8", "answer_start": 931}, {"text": "\u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1", "answer_start": 75}, {"text": "d\u01b0\u1edbi 18 tu\u1ed5i", "answer_start": 328}, {"text": "1974", "answer_start": 39}, {"text": "ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi", "answer_start": 614}, {"text": "t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng", "answer_start": 1001}, {"text": "Vickers", "answer_start": 902}, {"text": "Shaw", "answer_start": 420}, {"text": "tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng", "answer_start": 456}, {"text": "2013", "answer_start": 73}, {"text": "Chi\u1ebfn tranh Ogaden,", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Somalia.", "answer_start": 393}, {"text": "th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1974,", "answer_start": 83}, {"text": "CPHC", "answer_start": 1168}, {"text": "ng\u00e0y 31 th\u00e1ng 8", "answer_start": 255}, {"text": "John Tyler", "answer_start": 189}, {"text": "12.961 h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh,", "answer_start": 65}, {"text": "12.961 h\u1ed9", "answer_start": 3}, {"text": "31,40%", "answer_start": 39}, {"text": "\u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Wesleyan", "answer_start": 79}, {"text": "qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng", "answer_start": 387}, {"text": "Tesseract", "answer_start": 939}, {"text": "Stark \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e1i t\u00ean l\u1eeda h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n", "answer_start": 968}, {"text": "c\u00e2y quy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u00e1nh c\u1ed5ng l\u1ea1i", "answer_start": 792}, {"text": "Mark Ruffalo", "answer_start": 2187}, {"text": "2008", "answer_start": 860}, {"text": "Emily Blunt", "answer_start": 898}, {"text": "Marie Gotteskind v\u00e0 Leila Anderssen", "answer_start": 483}, {"text": "Matt", "answer_start": 711}, {"text": "Kesha k\u00fd m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n v\u1edbi h\u00e3ng \u0111\u0129a RCA", "answer_start": 85}, {"text": "Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n", "answer_start": 456}, {"text": "phi c\u00f4ng V\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n", "answer_start": 339}, {"text": "n\u0103m 2000", "answer_start": 23}, {"text": "ph\u00eda B\u1eafc", "answer_start": 118}, {"text": "Th\u00e1i Lan", "answer_start": 81}, {"text": "hoa Sen.", "answer_start": 183}, {"text": "khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7", "answer_start": 83}, {"text": "h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh", "answer_start": 60}, {"text": "S\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb ng\u1ecdt t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00eam v\u00e0o", "answer_start": 407}, {"text": "Kosovo", "answer_start": 173}, {"text": "ng\u1ea1nh hai m\u0169i nh\u1ecdn", "answer_start": 320}, {"text": "ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1965.", "answer_start": 550}, {"text": "d\u1ecdc theo eo bi\u1ec3n Malacca", "answer_start": 1039}, {"text": "h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ng\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p, th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng \u0103n l\u01b0\u01a1ng", "answer_start": 2425}, {"text": "ph\u00e1t quang r\u1eebng r\u1eadm hay l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng", "answer_start": 2781}, {"text": "h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n", "answer_start": 3835}, {"text": "ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1, kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n c\u01b0.", "answer_start": 2952}, {"text": "n\u0103m 1939", "answer_start": 1068}, {"text": "ba n\u0103m r\u01b0\u1ee1i", "answer_start": 2024}, {"text": "130.000 binh s\u0129", "answer_start": 998}, {"text": "Malaya v\u00e0 Singapore", "answer_start": 1944}, {"text": "\"\u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\"", "answer_start": 1514}, {"text": "kho\u1ea3ng 300.000.", "answer_start": 239}, {"text": "1956", "answer_start": 419}, {"text": "Yusof bin Ishak", "answer_start": 602}, {"text": "kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn", "answer_start": 467}, {"text": "Singapore \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp", "answer_start": 370}, {"text": "1968", "answer_start": 662}, {"text": "\u0110\u1ea3ng Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng", "answer_start": 325}, {"text": "nh\u00f3m Jemaah Islamiyah", "answer_start": 282}, {"text": "James Haven", "answer_start": 152}, {"text": "H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n \u0110i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 S\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u Lee Strasberg", "answer_start": 691}, {"text": "Palisades,", "answer_start": 549}, {"text": "t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c", "answer_start": 2439}, {"text": "Playing God,", "answer_start": 2670}, {"text": "Jolie", "answer_start": 1013}, {"text": "Gi\u1ea3i Qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7u v\u00e0ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 ba, Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean \u0110i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh th\u1ee9 hai v\u00e0 Gi\u1ea3i Oscar cho n\u1eef di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean ph\u1ee5 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t.", "answer_start": 231}, {"text": "th\u0103m c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1i t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n", "answer_start": 376}, {"text": "40 chuy\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c", "answer_start": 44}, {"text": "Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u", "answer_start": 316}, {"text": "Qu\u1ef9 Jolie-Pitt", "answer_start": 2681}, {"text": "21 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2008", "answer_start": 2146}, {"text": "81%", "answer_start": 563}, {"text": "1824.", "answer_start": 541}, {"text": "thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng gay g\u1eaft.", "answer_start": 1428}, {"text": "1824", "answer_start": 1074}, {"text": "1920", "answer_start": 2140}, {"text": "1911", "answer_start": 74}, {"text": "15.000", "answer_start": 154}, {"text": "n\u0103m 1949,", "answer_start": 167}, {"text": "4,2 tri\u1ec7u", "answer_start": 1535}, {"text": "Afghanistan v\u00e0 Iran.", "answer_start": 704}, {"text": "ph\u00eda nam c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Herat", "answer_start": 481}, {"text": "Solomons,", "answer_start": 1098}, {"text": "8.1 \u0111\u1ed9", "answer_start": 367}, {"text": "h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n", "answer_start": 76}, {"text": "r\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh", "answer_start": 135}, {"text": "Manasseh Sogavare", "answer_start": 37}, {"text": "Honiara", "answer_start": 161}, {"text": "hai", "answer_start": 33}, {"text": "Rennell v\u00e0 Bellona \u1edf ph\u00eda nam, Tikopia, Anuta v\u00e0 Fatutaka \u1edf c\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4ng, Sikaiana \u1edf \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1eafc, v\u00e0 Luaniua \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u1eafc", "answer_start": 435}, {"text": "ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t", "answer_start": 9}, {"text": "2007", "answer_start": 108}, {"text": "Steven Spielberg", "answer_start": 241}, {"text": "John Keller,", "answer_start": 21}, {"text": "1956 v\u00e0 1959", "answer_start": 292}, {"text": "c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i trong v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 Ph\u00e1p,", "answer_start": 38}, {"text": "gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt \u1edf \u0111\u00fang v\u1ecb tr\u00ed", "answer_start": 192}, {"text": "2014", "answer_start": 288}, {"text": "1999", "answer_start": 95}, {"text": "7 - 8 c\u00e1nh", "answer_start": 381}, {"text": "lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0103n th\u1ecbt \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ea3ng ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t", "answer_start": 585}, {"text": "h\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1edbi t\u00e1ch gi\u00e3n \u0110\u00f4ng Phi", "answer_start": 155}, {"text": "t\u1eeb m\u00e0u s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e0u x\u00e1m b\u1ea1c, \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 n\u00e2u \u0111\u1eadm.", "answer_start": 97}, {"text": "m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e1t m\u1ebb", "answer_start": 1003}, {"text": "kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 16.500 \u0111\u1ebfn 47.000 c\u00e1 th\u1ec3", "answer_start": 364}, {"text": "c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 1.000 con s\u01b0 t\u1eed ch\u00e2u Phi", "answer_start": 390}, {"text": "Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u00dd", "answer_start": 246}, {"text": "con m\u00e8o ho\u1eb7c con ch\u00f3", "answer_start": 469}, {"text": "C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Qu\u1ed1c gia Selous \u1edf qu\u1eadn Rufiji v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh Lindi g\u1ea7n bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Mozambique.", "answer_start": 399}, {"text": "Trung Qu\u1ed1c", "answer_start": 633}, {"text": "Th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1960", "answer_start": 505}, {"text": "Stan Lee, Larry Lieber v\u00e0 Jack Kirb", "answer_start": 136}, {"text": "k\u1ebb tr\u1ed9m", "answer_start": 23}, {"text": "\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray Yamanote", "answer_start": 194}, {"text": "Tokyo", "answer_start": 210}, {"text": "Agathokleia", "answer_start": 137}, {"text": "ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef", "answer_start": 56}, {"text": "Ch\u00f3", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "con ch\u00f3 Pom", "answer_start": 189}, {"text": "d\u00e0i", "answer_start": 618}, {"text": "1965", "answer_start": 715}, {"text": "th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec", "answer_start": 295}, {"text": "Afghanistan", "answer_start": 84}, {"text": "phi\u00ean t\u00f2a,", "answer_start": 858}, {"text": "c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y l\u1eabn \u0111\u00eam", "answer_start": 322}, {"text": "ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3ng kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i.", "answer_start": 1969}, {"text": "bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tr\u00e1nh thai.", "answer_start": 738}, {"text": "New York", "answer_start": 43}, {"text": "1890\u20131901", "answer_start": 88}, {"text": "ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p", "answer_start": 186}, {"text": "1884", "answer_start": 271}, {"text": "Faure Gnassingbe", "answer_start": 302}, {"text": "C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Kinh t\u1ebf T\u00e2y Phi (ECOWAS)", "answer_start": 87}, {"text": "George", "answer_start": 434}, {"text": "vua George II,", "answer_start": 89}, {"text": "Thomas Secker", "answer_start": 330}, {"text": "Thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, ti\u1ebfng Latin, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u00c2m nh\u1ea1c, \u0110\u1ecba l\u00fd, Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p", "answer_start": 868}, {"text": "kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb nh\u00fat nh\u00e1t", "answer_start": 354}, {"text": "trao cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 bi\u1ebfu x\u00e9n v\u00e0 h\u1ed1i l\u1ed9", "answer_start": 119}, {"text": "th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n", "answer_start": 397}, {"text": "\u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed5i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed ch\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea3 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p", "answer_start": 555}, {"text": "Maria", "answer_start": 975}, {"text": "\u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt H\u00f4n nh\u00e2n ho\u00e0ng gia 1772", "answer_start": 763}, {"text": "George III", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Lord Shelburne", "answer_start": 172}, {"text": "George III", "answer_start": 8}, {"text": "b\u1ec7nh t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n.", "answer_start": 1573}, {"text": "1798", "answer_start": 160}, {"text": "500.00", "answer_start": 1998}, {"text": "Victoria v\u00e0 Elizabeth II", "answer_start": 151}, {"text": "ch\u00ednh th\u1ec3 chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i", "answer_start": 710}, {"text": "gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1770", "answer_start": 376}, {"text": "b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1", "answer_start": 449}, {"text": "1997", "answer_start": 206}, {"text": "Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Soci\u00e9t\u00e9.", "answer_start": 343}, {"text": "Ch\u00fang s\u1ed1ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng, b\u00e3i c\u1ecf", "answer_start": 121}, {"text": "tr\u00ean s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u", "answer_start": 34}, {"text": "Max Martin", "answer_start": 166}, {"text": "Kyzyl", "answer_start": 120}, {"text": "su\u1ed1i kho\u00e1ng", "answer_start": 244}, {"text": "\u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e0ng", "answer_start": 98}, {"text": "ba ng\u00e0y", "answer_start": 248}, {"text": "M\u1ef9", "answer_start": 114}, {"text": "Mean Girls", "answer_start": 79}, {"text": "ng\u00e0y Valentine", "answer_start": 10}, {"text": "Claudius II", "answer_start": 51}, {"text": "ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 qu\u1ed1c gia", "answer_start": 1078}, {"text": "giri-choko", "answer_start": 129}, {"text": "30,2%", "answer_start": 82}, {"text": "23.562 $", "answer_start": 238}, {"text": "1956", "answer_start": 1175}, {"text": "340,403 d\u1eb7m vu\u00f4ng", "answer_start": 35}, {"text": "S\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng Ba T\u01b0 v\u00e0 Hy L\u1ea1p", "answer_start": 466}, {"text": "Takht-i-Bahi", "answer_start": 753}, {"text": "Hockey", "answer_start": 282}, {"text": "3%", "answer_start": 72}, {"text": "Tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a EU v\u00e0 NATO", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "n\u0103m 2004.", "answer_start": 340}, {"text": "Lydia", "answer_start": 699}, {"text": "m\u1ed9t Trung Qu\u1ed1c duy nh\u1ea5t,", "answer_start": 246}, {"text": "Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng", "answer_start": 93}, {"text": "30 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1888", "answer_start": 19}, {"text": "1945,", "answer_start": 19}, {"text": "l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.", "answer_start": 231}, {"text": "Friedman", "answer_start": 960}, {"text": "t\u1eeb tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng", "answer_start": 288}, {"text": "Friedman", "answer_start": 105}, {"text": "ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng", "answer_start": 442}, {"text": "c\u00e1ch ch\u1eebng 7 foot", "answer_start": 246}, {"text": "20 km", "answer_start": 116}, {"text": "t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o", "answer_start": 325}, {"text": "du h\u00e0nh", "answer_start": 171}, {"text": "ch\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a, ch\u1ed1ng t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n,", "answer_start": 180}, {"text": "1968)", "answer_start": 41}, {"text": "khi b\u1ecb \u1ed1m, \u0111au, ho\u1ea3ng s\u1ee3 hay khi \u0111\u1ebb con.", "answer_start": 265}, {"text": "n\u0103m 1982 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2005", "answer_start": 161}, {"text": "Maurice Vane,", "answer_start": 50}, {"text": "Tabinshwehti,", "answer_start": 38}, {"text": "th\u1eed vai", "answer_start": 206}, {"text": "Rick Allen", "answer_start": 221}, {"text": "Hoa K\u1ef3.", "answer_start": 277}, {"text": "\"On through the night\"", "answer_start": 38}, {"text": "khu thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n kh\u1ed5 sai", "answer_start": 149}, {"text": "gi\u1ea5m", "answer_start": 29}, {"text": "kim lo\u1ea1i palladi v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a axit heteropoly", "answer_start": 361}, {"text": "Gi\u1ea5m", "answer_start": 167}, {"text": "mao m\u1ea1ch b\u1ecb n\u00e9n", "answer_start": 392}, {"text": "\u0110\u00f4ng ch\u00e2u \u00c1", "answer_start": 185}, {"text": "ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e0ng", "answer_start": 510}, {"text": "mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f4ng", "answer_start": 136}, {"text": "bi\u1ec3n Nordenskjold", "answer_start": 125}, {"text": "kho\u1ea3n t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3", "answer_start": 394}, {"text": "m\u1ed9t", "answer_start": 199}, {"text": "m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1ee3t", "answer_start": 280}, {"text": "5", "answer_start": 45}, {"text": "r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a", "answer_start": 299}, {"text": "B\u1eafc Kinh Th\u1eddi gian", "answer_start": 212}, {"text": "ba v\u00f2ng,", "answer_start": 212}, {"text": "2", "answer_start": 301}, {"text": "45 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Olympic ch\u00e2u \u00c1", "answer_start": 7}, {"text": "kho\u1ea3ng 15-35 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc", "answer_start": 259}, {"text": "g\u1ea1c ng\u1eafn", "answer_start": 190}, {"text": "b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0o trong n\u0103m.", "answer_start": 142}, {"text": "Mang", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Hudson", "answer_start": 223}, {"text": "xe t\u0103ng h\u1ea1ng nh\u1eb9", "answer_start": 562}, {"text": "m\u1ed9t", "answer_start": 721}, {"text": "b\u01a1m t\u01b0\u1edbi ru\u1ed9ng.", "answer_start": 828}, {"text": "ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 cao h\u01a1n", "answer_start": 691}, {"text": "n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.", "answer_start": 574}, {"text": "c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng v\u1eadt nu\u00f4i,", "answer_start": 220}, {"text": "n\u0103m 1853", "answer_start": 378}, {"text": "m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi", "answer_start": 918}, {"text": "c\u00e1c sai s\u00f3t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin m\u1edd nh\u1ea1t.", "answer_start": 715}, {"text": "t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 v\u00e0 ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i", "answer_start": 65}, {"text": "Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea", "answer_start": 93}, {"text": "M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tra th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea", "answer_start": 209}, {"text": "Philippos V", "answer_start": 676}, {"text": "197 TCN", "answer_start": 230}, {"text": "r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd,", "answer_start": 228}, {"text": "x\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u00f2 m\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 to l\u1edbn", "answer_start": 444}, {"text": "trung b\u00ecnh ba m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m \u0111\u00f4 la h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n", "answer_start": 180}, {"text": "h\u1ecdc v\u1ecb ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 thi ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc", "answer_start": 181}, {"text": "nucleic", "answer_start": 1688}, {"text": "kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i mong mu\u1ed1n", "answer_start": 818}, {"text": "Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 h\u1ec7 Sao M\u1ed9c-Europa (Europa Jupiter System Mission) EJSM", "answer_start": 626}, {"text": "c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c", "answer_start": 926}, {"text": "v\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c nam", "answer_start": 1663}, {"text": "2005", "answer_start": 42}, {"text": "1911", "answer_start": 468}, {"text": "ph\u1ea7n l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 t\u1ea1i Khiagt", "answer_start": 72}, {"text": "H\u1ed3ng qu\u00e2n", "answer_start": 255}, {"text": "Tsagaan Sar", "answer_start": 331}, {"text": "B\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a S\u00fckhbaatar", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "n\u0103m 1973", "answer_start": 1083}, {"text": "Pink Floyd: Live at Pompeii", "answer_start": 1462}, {"text": "Steve O'Rourke", "answer_start": 300}, {"text": "George Hardie", "answer_start": 54}, {"text": "Capitol Records", "answer_start": 102}, {"text": "1959", "answer_start": 59}, {"text": "XP-38A", "answer_start": 503}, {"text": "kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7.", "answer_start": 190}, {"text": "P-38G", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "b\u1ed1n", "answer_start": 438}, {"text": "36 ngh\u00ecn", "answer_start": 198}, {"text": "n\u0103m 1644", "answer_start": 347}, {"text": "Yes or Yes", "answer_start": 335}, {"text": "nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ecdc", "answer_start": 80}, {"text": "Cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Ph\u00e1p", "answer_start": 335}, {"text": "Charles de Gaulle", "answer_start": 301}, {"text": "Metacritic", "answer_start": 84}, {"text": "1894", "answer_start": 44}, {"text": "\u0110i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt Clarendon", "answer_start": 46}, {"text": "s\u1ed3i", "answer_start": 273}, {"text": "h\u1ea1t Tr\u00f8ndelag, Na Uy", "answer_start": 21}, {"text": "Daitoku-ji", "answer_start": 977}, {"text": "m\u1eb7t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o", "answer_start": 273}, {"text": "90%", "answer_start": 114}, {"text": "I Write Sins Not Tragedies", "answer_start": 612}, {"text": "ActivePresenter", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Hyundai Electronics", "answer_start": 441}, {"text": "l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc", "answer_start": 56}, {"text": "v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n", "answer_start": 85}, {"text": "1919", "answer_start": 3073}, {"text": "l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn", "answer_start": 2274}, {"text": "nh\u00f3m Poincar\u00e9", "answer_start": 461}, {"text": "chi\u1ebfu tia laser l\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m ph\u1ea3n quang \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng", "answer_start": 628}, {"text": "h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed", "answer_start": 693}, {"text": "t\u1eeb A \u0111\u1ebfn X", "answer_start": 168}, {"text": "kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 c\u00f4 l\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00ean trong ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ee9a h\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3", "answer_start": 1251}, {"text": "m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p", "answer_start": 325}, {"text": "Hybrid Theory", "answer_start": 38}, {"text": "Kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n Israel.", "answer_start": 41}, {"text": "1800", "answer_start": 248}, {"text": "1825", "answer_start": 311}, {"text": "Island Records", "answer_start": 309}, {"text": "Sophie", "answer_start": 92}, {"text": "th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn", "answer_start": 14}, {"text": "free jazz.", "answer_start": 312}, {"text": "1541", "answer_start": 38}, {"text": "1976", "answer_start": 53}, {"text": "V\u00ec nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1edbi Hoa K\u1ef3", "answer_start": 43}, {"text": "\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a ch\u1ee9ng minh s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y", "answer_start": 3120}, {"text": "t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nh\u00f3m th\u01b0\u01a1ng hay nh\u00f3m nh\u00e2n t\u1eed", "answer_start": 106}, {"text": "v\u00e0nh v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng", "answer_start": 288}, {"text": "h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n", "answer_start": 35}, {"text": "Nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "kh\u00f4ng gian vect\u01a1,", "answer_start": 716}, {"text": "r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf", "answer_start": 211}, {"text": "b\u1eadc n\u0103m v\u00e0 b\u1eadc cao h\u01a1n", "answer_start": 287}, {"text": "8", "answer_start": 193}, {"text": "li\u1ec7t k\u00ea ra m\u1ecdi nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n", "answer_start": 918}, {"text": "s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i (ho\u1eb7c danh s\u00e1ch) \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7", "answer_start": 40}, {"text": "t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p", "answer_start": 415}, {"text": "M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi", "answer_start": 885}, {"text": "quy lu\u1eadt Titius-Bode", "answer_start": 592}, {"text": "b\u00e3o t\u1eeb", "answer_start": 345}, {"text": "ng\u00e0y 8 th\u00e1ng 3,", "answer_start": 4}, {"text": "1669,", "answer_start": 310}, {"text": "listeriosis, ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1eadm ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a t\u1eed cung v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch rhesus (m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t trong h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u huy\u1ebft)", "answer_start": 877}, {"text": "Texas A&M University", "answer_start": 296}, {"text": "m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng", "answer_start": 324}, {"text": "Hollywood, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Los Angeles,", "answer_start": 295}, {"text": "virus", "answer_start": 358}, {"text": "ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u01a1le truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng cho c\u00e1c lander v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp m\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m", "answer_start": 87}, {"text": "Brumadinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil", "answer_start": 102}, {"text": "th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Kuwait", "answer_start": 410}, {"text": "Sheikh Fahad Al-Sabah", "answer_start": 177}, {"text": "s\u00e1u", "answer_start": 17}, {"text": "Leo", "answer_start": 51}, {"text": "s\u1ed1 4", "answer_start": 120}, {"text": "Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch L\u00e1 ch\u1eafn sa m\u1ea1c", "answer_start": 152}, {"text": "Iraq", "answer_start": 202}, {"text": "8 t\u00ean l\u1eeda", "answer_start": 190}, {"text": "c\u00e1c s\u1edf ch\u1ec9 huy v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin", "answer_start": 40}, {"text": "ph\u00eda b\u1eafc v\u00e0 ph\u00eda nam Iraq", "answer_start": 1001}, {"text": "c\u00e1c m\u00e1y bay chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u", "answer_start": 190}, {"text": "\u1ea2 r\u1eadp X\u00ea \u00fat v\u00e0 Israel", "answer_start": 583}, {"text": "Patriot \u0111\u00e3", "answer_start": 1398}, {"text": "qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o Ba Lan", "answer_start": 24}, {"text": "1243", "answer_start": 319}, {"text": "l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t", "answer_start": 850}, {"text": "779 b\u1ea3ng Anh", "answer_start": 550}, {"text": "nh\u00fat nh\u00e1t", "answer_start": 469}, {"text": "H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ed1i cao", "answer_start": 1494}, {"text": "th\u00e1ng 11", "answer_start": 31}, {"text": "Delhi", "answer_start": 17}, {"text": "2000", "answer_start": 36}, {"text": "ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2007", "answer_start": 197}, {"text": "S-21", "answer_start": 204}, {"text": "nguy\u00ean t\u1eed", "answer_start": 10}, {"text": "c\u00e1c nucleon", "answer_start": 93}, {"text": "hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed,", "answer_start": 142}, {"text": "c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean t\u1eed.", "answer_start": 91}, {"text": "Uzbekistan", "answer_start": 28}, {"text": "cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 17 c\u1ee7a Isaac Newton v\u00e0 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz", "answer_start": 127}, {"text": "Colombia", "answer_start": 357}, {"text": "argon", "answer_start": 253}, {"text": "1700 PDT", "answer_start": 1508}, {"text": "15 d\u1eb7m", "answer_start": 3204}, {"text": "T\u00e2y B\u1eafc Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng", "answer_start": 461}, {"text": "T\u00e2y B\u1eafc Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng", "answer_start": 42}, {"text": "65 d\u1eb7m/gi\u1edd", "answer_start": 750}, {"text": "345 d\u1eb7m", "answer_start": 131}, {"text": "\u0111\u1ea3o l\u1edbn Hawaii", "answer_start": 440}, {"text": "19 km", "answer_start": 573}, {"text": "1\u00b0", "answer_start": 35}, {"text": "Khoang h\u1edf Encke", "answer_start": 191}, {"text": "h\u01a1n 20.000", "answer_start": 254}, {"text": "Service Advertising Protocol(SAP).", "answer_start": 331}, {"text": "Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) v\u00e0 Sequenced Packet Exchange (SPX)", "answer_start": 143}, {"text": "cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2005", "answer_start": 403}, {"text": "sa m\u1ea1c, c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ecf v\u00e0 b\u00e1n hoang m\u1ea1c \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc trong khu v\u1ef1c", "answer_start": 155}, {"text": "2", "answer_start": 205}, {"text": "Gi\u1ea3i v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch ch\u00e2u Phi", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea1c s\u0129 m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh phim", "answer_start": 635}, {"text": "SMS Prinzregent Luitpold", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "gi\u00e1 tham chi\u1ebfu", "answer_start": 518}, {"text": "ghi ch\u00e9p", "answer_start": 417}, {"text": "Tamil", "answer_start": 49}, {"text": "Metallurgical Engineering", "answer_start": 305}, {"text": "n\u0103m 2004, n\u01a1i anh \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi cho b\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Google", "answer_start": 27}, {"text": "Martin K\u00f6nigsberg", "answer_start": 107}, {"text": "Anh v\u00e0 \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i.", "answer_start": 113}, {"text": "\u0110\u1ea1i ki\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1edbng", "answer_start": 135}, {"text": "Tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eabu gi\u00e1o tr\u1ebb th\u01a1", "answer_start": 11}, {"text": "v\u1ebft t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u", "answer_start": 227}, {"text": "thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i Caltech", "answer_start": 1807}, {"text": "Th\u1ee5y S\u0129,", "answer_start": 334}, {"text": "ribosome", "answer_start": 54}, {"text": "RNA", "answer_start": 15}, {"text": "237 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la M\u1ef9", "answer_start": 584}, {"text": "Weta Digital", "answer_start": 650}, {"text": "0,75\u20131,50 feet", "answer_start": 87}, {"text": "h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng.", "answer_start": 473}, {"text": "\u0110an M\u1ea1ch", "answer_start": 87}, {"text": "Belbek", "answer_start": 28}, {"text": "1941", "answer_start": 51}, {"text": "ng\u00e0y 26 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1990", "answer_start": 43}, {"text": "1991,", "answer_start": 697}, {"text": "2", "answer_start": 569}, {"text": "m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty th\u1ee9c \u0103n cho ch\u00f3", "answer_start": 176}, {"text": "m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i \u1edf v\u00f9ng b\u1ee5ng v\u00e0/ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 m\u00e1u trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u (ti\u1ec3u ra m\u00e1u)", "answer_start": 62}, {"text": "gia \u0111\u00ecnh,", "answer_start": 312}, {"text": "James,", "answer_start": 118}, {"text": "con", "answer_start": 242}, {"text": "Bella", "answer_start": 121}, {"text": "c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch", "answer_start": 229}, {"text": "Adonis", "answer_start": 165}, {"text": "th\u1ee9c \u0103n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng,", "answer_start": 333}, {"text": "nh\u1eefng cung c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi", "answer_start": 378}, {"text": "t\u1ea1m ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn", "answer_start": 355}, {"text": "nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u00ea.", "answer_start": 138}, {"text": "piano", "answer_start": 25}, {"text": "Alice", "answer_start": 140}, {"text": "OS/2", "answer_start": 135}, {"text": "NTFS v3.0", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "SQL", "answer_start": 1100}, {"text": "c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 th\u00eam", "answer_start": 1137}, {"text": "CryptoAPI", "answer_start": 156}, {"text": "sau khi c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n Professional, Ultimate v\u00e0 Server c\u1ee7a Windows hay b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.", "answer_start": 117}, {"text": "4", "answer_start": 1042}, {"text": "232\u22121 cluster", "answer_start": 149}, {"text": "97", "answer_start": 564}, {"text": "25% b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng", "answer_start": 145}, {"text": "c\u00f3 98% \u0111\u1ed9 bao ph\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.", "answer_start": 248}, {"text": "Theobromin (C7H8N4O2)", "answer_start": 107}, {"text": "\u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac (constitutional isomerism hay structural isomerism) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp th\u1ec3 (stereoisomerism).", "answer_start": 46}, {"text": "1617", "answer_start": 1010}, {"text": "2016", "answer_start": 165}, {"text": "Ba Lan-Do Th\u00e1i, \u00c1o-Do Th\u00e1i, \u0110\u1ee9c-Do Th\u00e1i, v\u00e0 S\u00e9c-Do Th\u00e1i", "answer_start": 824}, {"text": "ng\u00e0y 30 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1985", "answer_start": 57}, {"text": "Google", "answer_start": 1181}, {"text": "s\u00e1ch qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i", "answer_start": 270}, {"text": "Real Madrid", "answer_start": 433}, {"text": "10%", "answer_start": 284}, {"text": "18 \u0111\u1ed9 C", "answer_start": 108}, {"text": "2", "answer_start": 689}, {"text": "1.120 m\u00e9t", "answer_start": 201}, {"text": "1936.", "answer_start": 209}, {"text": "th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1930", "answer_start": 153}, {"text": "th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2016", "answer_start": 7}, {"text": "2006", "answer_start": 294}, {"text": "5", "answer_start": 634}, {"text": "khoa h\u1ecdc", "answer_start": 705}, {"text": "m\u1ed9t n\u1eef di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean, n\u1eef di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean l\u1ed3ng ti\u1ebfng, ca s\u1ef9, ki\u00eam nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9", "answer_start": 47}, {"text": "k\u1ebf to\u00e1n vi\u00ean", "answer_start": 170}, {"text": "h\u1ed5 Sumatra", "answer_start": 241}, {"text": "th\u00e1ng 6-2007", "answer_start": 600}, {"text": "b\u00e1o c\u00e1o th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e0i ph\u00e1t thanh, truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean Internet", "answer_start": 135}, {"text": "2006", "answer_start": 139}, {"text": "c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng web v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web", "answer_start": 909}, {"text": "Microsoft", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, Trung \u0110\u00f4ng, ch\u00e2u Phi v\u00e0 Caribe", "answer_start": 229}, {"text": "kh\u1ea9u ti\u1ec3u li\u00ean F1", "answer_start": 266}, {"text": "28 th\u00e1ng 5, 1738", "answer_start": 60}, {"text": "30.000 USD", "answer_start": 240}, {"text": "Di t\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng thuy\u1ec1n", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c", "answer_start": 819}, {"text": "Chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng Wounded Knee", "answer_start": 564}, {"text": "h\u1ed7n t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n", "answer_start": 198}, {"text": "Philadelphia", "answer_start": 121}, {"text": "120 tri\u1ec7u", "answer_start": 315}, {"text": "1973", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "371561", "answer_start": 194}, {"text": "Vua c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i Thracia", "answer_start": 1076}, {"text": "\u0111\u00f3ng \u0111inh v\u00e0o th\u1eadp gi\u00e1,", "answer_start": 243}, {"text": "29,6%", "answer_start": 172}, {"text": "Kronprinz b\u1ecb tr\u00fang ng\u01b0 l\u00f4i ph\u00f3ng t\u1eeb t\u00e0u ng\u1ea7m Anh J1 \u1edf g\u1ea7n Horns Reef", "answer_start": 1244}, {"text": "b\u1ea5t b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng", "answer_start": 639}, {"text": "o-sechi", "answer_start": 27}, {"text": "nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc cha m\u1eb9 n\u00e2ng niu con c\u00e1i, t\u00f4i \u00f4m \u1ea5p trong tr\u00e1i tim m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a con tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t", "answer_start": 615}, {"text": "Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng", "answer_start": 132}, {"text": "kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n Luxor", "answer_start": 178}, {"text": "\u0915\u094b\u0932\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0907\u092e\u093e", "answer_start": 2267}, {"text": "\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902", "answer_start": 158}, {"text": "\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u093f\u092f\u094b\u092b\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094b\u0902", "answer_start": 292}, {"text": "\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u090a\u0924\u0915", "answer_start": 969}, {"text": "\u0915\u094d\u092f\u091f\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923", "answer_start": 433}, {"text": "\u0935\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f", "answer_start": 283}, {"text": "\u0935\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0932\u0947\u092e", "answer_start": 277}, {"text": "\u0926 \u092a\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0928", "answer_start": 489}, {"text": "\u0907\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917", "answer_start": 431}, {"text": "\u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u092a\u093e\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902,", "answer_start": 128}, {"text": "\u0927\u092e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0917\u0948\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923", "answer_start": 415}, {"text": "\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u091a\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928", "answer_start": 134}, {"text": "525", "answer_start": 707}, {"text": "\u0906\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0905\u0927\u093f\u092e\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0923 (FM)", "answer_start": 1030}, {"text": "(\u090a\u0930\u094d\u0927\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u0930 \u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0932) \u0924\u0941\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u0927\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0935", "answer_start": 278}, {"text": "\u090f\u0928\u093e\u0932\u0949\u0917", "answer_start": 444}, {"text": "525", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "59.94", "answer_start": 83}, {"text": "\u0938\u093e\u0932 \u0926\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0932 \u0927\u0940\u0930\u0947-\u0927\u0940\u0930\u0947", "answer_start": 550}, {"text": "\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0938\u094b\u0902", "answer_start": 405}, {"text": "\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948", "answer_start": 672}, {"text": "\u092e\u0927\u0941\u092e\u0947\u0939\u0940 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0948\u0925\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915, \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e", "answer_start": 865}, {"text": "\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0939\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902", "answer_start": 293}, {"text": "\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939", "answer_start": 137}, {"text": "\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u092e\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0908", "answer_start": 94}, {"text": "\u092a\u0948\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u0942\u0920\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902", "answer_start": 241}, {"text": "\u0911\u091f\u094b\u0928\u094b\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0938 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u092f\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "\u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 20%", "answer_start": 243}, {"text": "\u0939\u093e\u0907\u092a\u0930\u0917\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0938\u0947\u092e\u093f\u092f\u093e", "answer_start": 39}, {"text": "\u0932\u0948\u092a\u093f\u0938 \u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u093f\u0915)", "answer_start": 50}, {"text": "\u0905\u0932\u0915\u0947\u092e\u093f\u0915\u0932", "answer_start": 136}, {"text": "300 \u0908\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940", "answer_start": 69}, {"text": "\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902,", "answer_start": 113}, {"text": "\u0920\u0902\u0921\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u092e,", "answer_start": 199}, {"text": "\u091a\u093e\u0930", "answer_start": 83}, {"text": "\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928", "answer_start": 467}, {"text": "\u092c\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0915\u0928", "answer_start": 27}, {"text": "\u0905\u0902\u0921\u093e\u0936\u092f", "answer_start": 17}, {"text": "8%", "answer_start": 1469}, {"text": "\u0939\u0948\u0932\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0928\u093f\u091f\u0947\u0921 \u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928", "answer_start": 8}, {"text": "\u0913\u091c\u093c\u094b\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u0924", "answer_start": 78}, {"text": "1,300 \u092c\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930", "answer_start": 331}, {"text": "\u0921\u0949\u0970 \u0935\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u092e \u092c\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0915\u0935\u0947\u0928", "answer_start": 535}, {"text": "\u091c\u093e\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902", "answer_start": 71}, {"text": "\u0915\u092a\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u0940\u0938", "answer_start": 544}, {"text": "\u091a\u093e\u0930", "answer_start": 28}, {"text": "\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0932", "answer_start": 30}, {"text": "\u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u0940 \u0906\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0913\u0902", "answer_start": 517}, {"text": "\u0938\u094c\u0930 \u0909\u092d\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964", "answer_start": 617}, {"text": "\u0915\u094b\u0930\u094b\u0928\u093e", "answer_start": 179}, {"text": "\u0905\u0932 \u092b\u0939\u093f\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0932\u093e", "answer_start": 86}, {"text": "\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0906\u0908\u090f\u0938\u0913 838", "answer_start": 66}, {"text": "100 \u092e\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a", "answer_start": 36}, {"text": "\u091a\u093e\u0930-\u091b\u0947\u0926", "answer_start": 15}, {"text": "21 \u092e\u093f\u092e\u0940, 70mm \u0914\u0930 21 \u092e\u093f\u092e\u0940", "answer_start": 110}, {"text": "5000 \u0921\u0949\u0932\u0930", "answer_start": 234}, {"text": "10 \u0926\u093f\u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0930 1999", "answer_start": 153}, {"text": "\u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u092f\u0924\u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093e", "answer_start": 167}, {"text": "1953", "answer_start": 47}, {"text": "10 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0926\u094b\u0902\u0917", "answer_start": 67}, {"text": "\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u094d\u092b\u0940\u0924\u093f", "answer_start": 230}, {"text": "1980 \u092e\u0947\u0902,", "answer_start": 117}, {"text": "1985", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u091f\u0947\u0932\u0940\u0935\u093f\u091c\u0928 \u0928\u093e\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902", "answer_start": 486}, {"text": "\u0905\u092d\u093f\u0928\u092f", "answer_start": 339}, {"text": "\u090f\u0915 \u0917\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e", "answer_start": 46}, {"text": "1776 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 1789 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938", "answer_start": 435}, {"text": "\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u0940\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0916\u0917\u094b\u0932\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u0947\u0927\u0936\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917", "answer_start": 205}, {"text": "\u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e", "answer_start": 107}, {"text": "1853", "answer_start": 416}, {"text": "1 \u091c\u0928\u0935\u0930\u0940 1886", "answer_start": 9}, {"text": "25 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091a 2016", "answer_start": 265}, {"text": "\u0905\u0932\u094d\u092c\u0930\u094d\u091f \u090f\u0921\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0905\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0924\u093e\u0932", "answer_start": 104}, {"text": "1886", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "1887", "answer_start": 20}, {"text": "1888", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "\u0915\u092e\u0932\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0902\u0917", "answer_start": 393}, {"text": "\u0939\u0948\u0928\u093e \u0936\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u091c\u093c", "answer_start": 473}, {"text": "\u0906\u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u0948\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u091c\u093e", "answer_start": 79}, {"text": "\u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u0932", "answer_start": 16}, {"text": "\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u090f\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0938", "answer_start": 1358}, {"text": "\u092c\u0949\u0932\u094d\u0915\u0928 \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0917\u0947\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u090f\u092f\u0930\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938", "answer_start": 34}, {"text": "\u0968\u0966\u0966\u096c", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "\u092a\u093e\u0901\u091a", "answer_start": 323}, {"text": "\u0968\u096e", "answer_start": 67}, {"text": "\u0915\u092e-\u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u090f\u092f\u0930\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938", "answer_start": 549}, {"text": "\u0967\u0968 \u0928\u092f\u0947 \u092c\u094b\u0907\u0902\u0917", "answer_start": 605}, {"text": "\u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092b\u0948\u091f\u093f\u0917\u0947\u092c\u0932", "answer_start": 184}, {"text": "75.6", "answer_start": 89}, {"text": "\u090f\u0932\u0938\u0940\u090f \u090f\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e-\u0932\u093f\u0925\u093f\u092f\u092e \u092e\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0930 \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941, \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094b\u091c\u093f\u091f (C-FC) \u0914\u0930 \u091f\u093e\u0907\u091f\u0947\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u092e\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0930 \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941-\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0932\u094d\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "\u0968\u0966% \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902,\u0938\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964", "answer_start": 775}, {"text": "\u0915\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u0928\u0932", "answer_start": 170}, {"text": "\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940", "answer_start": 85}, {"text": "\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u093e\u0928\u0947", "answer_start": 610}, {"text": "\u092e\u0939\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940", "answer_start": 27}, {"text": "\u090a\u0926\u092c\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0935", "answer_start": 130}, {"text": "\u0921\u0942\u092e 3", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "\u0921\u0942\u092e 3", "answer_start": 109}, {"text": "\u092e\u0948\u0925\u094d\u092f\u0942 \u091c\u0947. \u0915\u094b\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0932\u094b", "answer_start": 86}, {"text": "\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942 \u091c\u0930\u094d\u0938\u0940", "answer_start": 61}, {"text": "\u0924\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0909\u0932\u093f\u092a\u093e\u0938, \u0935\u0947\u0930\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0942\u0938, \u0924\u093e\u092c\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094b, \u0915\u093e\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0947\u091a\u0947, \u092f\u0942\u0915\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0930\u0942", "answer_start": 706}, {"text": "P - \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092a \u0914\u0930 N - \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092a \u0938\u0947\u092e\u0940\u0915\u0902\u0921\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928", "answer_start": 201}, {"text": "\u092e\u093f\u0938 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b \u0916\u0942\u092c\u0938\u0942\u0930\u0924 \u0924\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e, \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091f\u093e\u0907\u092e\u094d\u0938 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u092b\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u091a\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0907\u0938 \u0914\u0930 MTV \u0915\u093e \u092e\u094b\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0935\u093e\u0902\u091f\u0947\u0921", "answer_start": 109}, {"text": "(\u0907\u0938\u094d\u0932\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092d\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0930\u0923)", "answer_start": 167}, {"text": "\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u091c\u0947\u092e\u094d\u0938 \u0910\u0902\u0921\u0930\u0938\u0928", "answer_start": 19}, {"text": "\u0939\u0949\u0932\u0940\u0935\u0941\u0921 Blonds", "answer_start": 219}, {"text": "\u092c\u0939\u0928 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0928\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u094b\u0930\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930\u094b \u092e\u094b\u0930\u0940", "answer_start": 174}, {"text": "\u0935\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938", "answer_start": 456}, {"text": "\u0905\u0932 \u0928\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0932 \u0915\u094b\u0930\u093e\u091c\u093c\u094b\u0902", "answer_start": 188}, {"text": "\u0905\u092d\u093f\u0928\u092f", "answer_start": 112}, {"text": "\u0915\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0938\u0947\u0932 \u092b\u094b\u0928 \u091f\u0949\u0935\u0930", "answer_start": 188}, {"text": "\u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924", "answer_start": 299}, {"text": "\u0935\u0940\u092a\u0940\u090f\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917", "answer_start": 90}, {"text": "\u092e\u0939\u0902\u0917\u0940 \u092c\u0948\u091f\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902", "answer_start": 266}, {"text": "\u092c\u0948\u091f\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f", "answer_start": 99}, {"text": "\u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e, \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f\u0924\u092e \u0938\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0932 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0941 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0947\u0902\u091c", "answer_start": 18}, {"text": "\u0938\u0947\u0932 \u092b\u094b\u0928", "answer_start": 122}, {"text": "\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0940\u092c\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0921 (\u0915\u0941\u0902\u091c\u0940\u092a\u091f\u0932) \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902,", "answer_start": 26}, {"text": "\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0940\u091a", "answer_start": 152}, {"text": "\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091a", "answer_start": 56}, {"text": "\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092e\u094b\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u093f\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930", "answer_start": 96}, {"text": "\u091f\u0947\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0924 \u0935\u0948\u0932\u0947\u0902\u091f\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0947\u0938\u093f\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e", "answer_start": 748}, {"text": "\u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964", "answer_start": 217}, {"text": "\u0915\u094d\u0932\u094c\u0921\u0940\u092f\u0938 II", "answer_start": 213}, {"text": "\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u092c\u0928 \u091c\u093e\u092f\u0947", "answer_start": 143}, {"text": "\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0932\u094d\u0938, \u0913\u0930\u094d\u0932\u0940\u0928\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0921\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0915", "answer_start": 291}, {"text": "\u0935\u0948\u0932\u0947\u0902\u091f\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u0935\u0938", "answer_start": 24}, {"text": "\u091b\u093f\u091b\u0932\u093e, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u0940\u091a\u0921", "answer_start": 624}, {"text": "\u0932\u094b\u0915\u0917\u0940\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u091a\u0930\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930", "answer_start": 109}, {"text": "'\u0906\u0935-\u091f\u0942 \u092c\u093e\u0935' \u092e\u0949\u0938 \u0915\u0940 15\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0924\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0916", "answer_start": 23}, {"text": "\u0909\u092a\u0939\u093e\u0930, \u091a\u094b\u0915\u0932\u0947\u091f, \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u0942\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u0932\u0926\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094b\u0902", "answer_start": 376}, {"text": "\u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u092d\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u0932\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0928\u0942\u0921\u0932 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902", "answer_start": 1689}, {"text": "\u091a\u0949\u0915\u0932\u0947\u091f", "answer_start": 632}, {"text": "\u0926 \u0928\u093e\u0908\u091f \u0911\u092b\u093c \u0938\u0947\u0935\u0947\u0902\u0938", "answer_start": 60}, {"text": "2002 \u0914\u0930 2008", "answer_start": 196}, {"text": "\u091f\u094b\u090f \u090f\u0928\u093f\u092e\u0947\u0936\u0928", "answer_start": 78}, {"text": "\u092a\u093e\u0901\u091a \u0938\u092e\u092f", "answer_start": 34}, {"text": "\u0907\u092e\u093e\u092e", "answer_start": 598}, {"text": "\u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e-\u092a\u093f\u0924\u093e", "answer_start": 322}, {"text": "\u0924\u093e\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0938\u091a\u0926\u0947\u0935\u093e", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "\u0968\u0966\u0966\u0968", "answer_start": 576}, {"text": "\u0967\u096b\u0966,\u0966\u0966\u0966 \u0938\u0947 \u0967\u096d\u0966,\u0966\u0966\u0966 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937", "answer_start": 395}, {"text": "\u092e\u093e\u0924\u0943\u0935\u0902\u0936 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939", "answer_start": 131}, {"text": "\u092f\u0930\u0942\u0936\u0932\u092e", "answer_start": 53}, {"text": "\u091f\u0928, \u092c\u0941\u0936 \u0914\u0930 \u0913\u092c\u093e\u092e\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0928\u0947", "answer_start": 145}, {"text": "\u090f\u0902\u0917\u0947\u0932\u094d\u0938", "answer_start": 496}, {"text": "\u0917\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0948\u0902\u0938\u0930", "answer_start": 29}, {"text": "\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915", "answer_start": 61}, {"text": "\u0967\u096f\u096d\u096a", "answer_start": 162}, {"text": "\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0938 \u0907\u0902\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u091f\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f", "answer_start": 92}, {"text": "\u092a\u094b\u0928\u094b\u092e\u094b\u0930\u0940\u0935\u093e", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "\u090f.\u090f\u0938.", "answer_start": 248}, {"text": "\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0935\u0947\u092c\u092b\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u094d\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964", "answer_start": 38}, {"text": "\u0921\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0915 \u0911\u092b \u092f\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u092f\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0907\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e \u091c\u0947\u092e\u094d\u0938 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f", "answer_start": 380}, {"text": "\u0939\u0921\u0938\u0928", "answer_start": 224}, {"text": "\u090f\u092c\u0940\u0938\u0940", "answer_start": 98}, {"text": "31", "answer_start": 691}, {"text": "\u0938\u092e\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f", "answer_start": 469}, {"text": "$16,181", "answer_start": 163}, {"text": "\u092b\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902", "answer_start": 150}, {"text": "\u0915\u093e\u092e\u0941\u0915 \u0928\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0915\u0940", "answer_start": 359}, {"text": "179mmHg \u092f\u093e \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0935 109 mmHg", "answer_start": 1295}, {"text": "\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a", "answer_start": 143}, {"text": "\u0914\u0938\u0924 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u092f\u093e \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092f\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u092a \u0915\u0947 \u0914\u0938\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u093e\u092c \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917, \u0909\u092e\u094d\u0930 \u0935 \u090a\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 95 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0924\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0930\u093e\u092c\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0924\u0930", "answer_start": 288}, {"text": "\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935-\u090f\u0915\u094d\u0932\u0902\u092a\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e", "answer_start": 615}, {"text": "\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a", "answer_start": 178}, {"text": "\u0907\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0947\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0930\u094b\u0917 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0915, \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0927\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0939\u0928\u0940 \u0930\u094b\u0917, \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0930\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902", "answer_start": 106}, {"text": "\u092e\u0942\u0924\u094d\u0930", "answer_start": 2069}, {"text": "\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0936\u093e\u0932\u093e \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923", "answer_start": 1295}, {"text": "\u091a\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0938\u0915, \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0909\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0924\u094b \u091c\u094b\u0916\u093f\u092e \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902", "answer_start": 750}, {"text": "(EKG/ECG)", "answer_start": 2199}, {"text": "2 \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0908/\u0926\u093f\u0928", "answer_start": 84}, {"text": "\u090f\u0915", "answer_start": 18}, {"text": "1896", "answer_start": 591}, {"text": "1808", "answer_start": 344}, {"text": "\u091f\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0947\u0925\u093e\u0907\u0932\u0905\u092e\u094b\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u094d\u0932\u094b\u0930\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u092e\u0947\u0925\u094b\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e, \u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0932\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0947\u0938\u0930\u092a\u093e\u0907\u0928", "answer_start": 1847}, {"text": "\u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902,", "answer_start": 502}, {"text": "\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a \u0932\u0940\u0917", "answer_start": 100}, {"text": "\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924\u091a\u093e\u092a \u092a\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0942\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e", "answer_start": 360}, {"text": "76.6 \u0905\u0930\u092c \u0921\u0949\u0932\u0930", "answer_start": 233}, {"text": "\u0905\u0902\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e", "answer_start": 103}, {"text": "\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915", "answer_start": 170}, {"text": "\u0921\u0949\u0970 \u0915\u094b\u0932\u093e\u0930\u0947\u0924\u093e", "answer_start": 250}, {"text": "\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0917\u094b \u091a\u093f\u0915\u094b", "answer_start": 1148}, {"text": "\u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094b \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0935\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0941\u0908", "answer_start": 15}, {"text": "\u0938\u0942\u0930\u0940\u0928\u093e\u092e", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "\u0932\u093e\u0932 \u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930", "answer_start": 82}, {"text": "1824", "answer_start": 383}, {"text": "\u0938\u093f\u0921\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0949\u0932\u094b\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902", "answer_start": 313}, {"text": "\u0967\u0969.\u0968 \u0905\u0930\u092c \u0938\u093e\u0932", "answer_start": 62}, {"text": "\u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u093e\u0930\u0902\u091f\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964", "answer_start": 44}, {"text": "\u0907\u0938\u094d\u0932\u093e\u092e", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "\u0926\u0938 \u091f\u0940\u092e\u094b\u0902", "answer_start": 553}, {"text": "\u0939\u0947\u0932\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0915\u0940", "answer_start": 139}, {"text": "1993", "answer_start": 36}, {"text": "\u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935, \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930, \u092e\u0928\u094b\u0930\u0902\u091c\u0928", "answer_start": 710}, {"text": "\u092b\u093c\u094b\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915", "answer_start": 121}, {"text": "\u092e\u0915\u0908 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0932", "answer_start": 248}, {"text": "\u090f\u0921\u094b\u092c \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e", "answer_start": 309}, {"text": "\u0938\u0902\u0915\u0932\u0915", "answer_start": 508}, {"text": "(\u0935\u0940\u090f\u0932\u0906\u0908\u0921\u092c\u094d\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942)", "answer_start": 375}, {"text": "\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 (\u0908\u092a\u0940\u0906\u0908\u0938\u0940)", "answer_start": 200}, {"text": "\u092f\u0942\u091c\u093c\u0928\u0947\u091f \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091c\u093c \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0941\u092a", "answer_start": 2005}, {"text": "\u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0921\u0947\u0922\u093c-\u0917\u0941\u0928\u093e \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964", "answer_start": 216}, {"text": "2014", "answer_start": 128}, {"text": "\u090f\u092e\u0940\u0928 \u0917\u0941\u0932\u092c\u0930\u0928", "answer_start": 27}, {"text": "\u096a\u0966\u0966 \u0908 \u0915\u0947", "answer_start": 378}, {"text": "\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0942 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u093e \u091c\u092c \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923-\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0941\u0906", "answer_start": 141}, {"text": "\u0935\u0940\u0935\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0926 \u0935\u0947\u092c", "answer_start": 89}, {"text": "30 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0932 1993", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "1994", "answer_start": 56}, {"text": "\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0916\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930", "answer_start": 198}, {"text": "\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0935 \u0913\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0928", "answer_start": 1161}, {"text": "\u092c\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u0926 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0938\u094d\u091f", "answer_start": 542}, {"text": "1995", "answer_start": 456}, {"text": "\u090f\u092c \u0938\u094d\u092a\u093f\u092f\u0930", "answer_start": 351}, {"text": "\u092c\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f", "answer_start": 52}, {"text": "\u0938\u093f\u0924\u0902\u092c\u0930 2000", "answer_start": 24}, {"text": "\u0938\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0947\u0928\u094d\u091f", "answer_start": 60}, {"text": "\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0932\u0949\u091c\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f", "answer_start": 185}, {"text": "\u0935\u0947\u0917, \u092c\u0932, \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0917", "answer_start": 120}, {"text": "\u092e\u0941\u0932\u093e\u092f\u092e \u0935 \u091a\u093f\u0915\u0928\u0947", "answer_start": 362}, {"text": "\u092c\u093e\u0926\u093e\u092e, \u092c\u0940\u091c, \u0936\u0902\u0915\u0941\u0932, \u092b\u0932, \u0915\u0935\u0915 \u0935\u094d \u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u094d\u091c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902", "answer_start": 539}, {"text": "5", "answer_start": 40}, {"text": "\u0967\u096c \u0938\u093e\u0932", "answer_start": 212}, {"text": "\u0930\u0941\u0922\u093c\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0921\u093c \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u094d\u092e\u0923", "answer_start": 55}, {"text": "\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e", "answer_start": 453}, {"text": "\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923", "answer_start": 416}, {"text": "1950", "answer_start": 177}, {"text": "\u0905\u0932\u0917\u093e\u0935 \u092f\u093e \u092a\u0943\u0925\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0964", "answer_start": 243}, {"text": "\u0932\u094b\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u094c\u091c\u093f\u0926 \u0932\u093e\u0920\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0902\u0926 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964", "answer_start": 454}, {"text": "\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0930\u092b\u093c\u094d\u0932\u094b", "answer_start": 484}, {"text": "\u0938\u093f\u0924\u0902\u092c\u0930 \u0968\u0966\u0966\u096e", "answer_start": 1251}, {"text": "(\u0968\u0966\u0966\u096e)", "answer_start": 1166}, {"text": "\u090f\u092e\u093f\u0932\u0940 \u092c\u094d\u0932\u0902\u091f", "answer_start": 1622}, {"text": "\u091f\u092e\u093e\u091f\u0930", "answer_start": 305}, {"text": "\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928", "answer_start": 315}, {"text": "\u092c\u0948\u0902\u0917\u0932\u094b\u0930", "answer_start": 57}, {"text": "\u0918\u093e\u0924\u0915", "answer_start": 182}, {"text": "\u0967\u0966", "answer_start": 444}, {"text": "\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d", "answer_start": 152}, {"text": "\u0915\u0908 \u0936\u094c\u0915\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939, \u092e\u0947\u0930\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926\u0940\u0926\u093e \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0939\u0948", "answer_start": 575}, {"text": "\u0936\u0930\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u094b\u0924\u0932\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u092b\u093c \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948", "answer_start": 336}, {"text": "9 \u0905\u0917\u0938\u094d\u0924 1965", "answer_start": 494}, {"text": "\u092e\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0932\u0921\u092e\u0930\u0942\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925", "answer_start": 574}, {"text": "\u092e\u091b\u0941\u0906\u0930\u094b\u0902, \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0917\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u092e\u091c\u0926\u0942\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902", "answer_start": 2343}, {"text": "\u091c\u0902\u0917\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092b\u093e\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093f\u091b\u093e\u0928\u0947", "answer_start": 2537}, {"text": "\u0926\u0938\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0939\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0930", "answer_start": 3735}, {"text": "\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a \u092a\u0930 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0905\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u092e\u091a\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924, \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0938\u0940\u0928 \u0925\u093e\u0964", "answer_start": 2783}, {"text": "130000", "answer_start": 194}, {"text": "\u092e\u0932\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917\u093e\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902", "answer_start": 1007}, {"text": "\u0906\u091c\u093e\u0926\u0940", "answer_start": 1431}, {"text": "300,000 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0938\u092a\u093e\u0938", "answer_start": 247}, {"text": "1956", "answer_start": 359}, {"text": "\u092f\u0942\u0938\u0941\u092b\u093c \u092c\u093f\u0928 \u0907\u0936\u093e\u0915", "answer_start": 607}, {"text": "\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0932", "answer_start": 431}, {"text": "\u092a\u0940\u092a\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0938 \u090f\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0940", "answer_start": 332}, {"text": "\u091c\u0947\u092e\u093e\u0939 \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0932\u093e\u092e\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939", "answer_start": 263}, {"text": "\u0917\u0902\u0917\u0928\u092e \u0938\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0907\u0932", "answer_start": 620}, {"text": "\u091c\u0947\u092e\u094d\u0938 \u0939\u0948\u0935\u0928", "answer_start": 122}, {"text": "\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938\u092c\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0925\u093f\u090f\u091f\u0930 \u090f\u0928\u094d\u0921 \u092b\u093c\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092e \u0907\u0902\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u091f\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f", "answer_start": 1088}, {"text": "\u092a\u0948\u0932\u093f\u0938\u0947\u0921\u094d\u0938,", "answer_start": 975}, {"text": "\u0935\u093e\u0907\u091f \u0909\u092a\u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u094b \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f, \u0915\u093c\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928\u0940 \u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e", "answer_start": 138}, {"text": "\u091c\u094b\u0932\u0940,", "answer_start": 972}, {"text": "\u0917\u094b\u0932\u094d\u0921\u0928 \u0917\u094d\u0932\u094b\u092c \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0928 \u090f\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u0917\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0921 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0937\u094d\u0920 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0928\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0915\u093e\u0926\u092e\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930", "answer_start": 412}, {"text": "\u0936\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e", "answer_start": 304}, {"text": "20", "answer_start": 45}, {"text": "\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092c\u091a\u093e\u0935 \u0938\u092e\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930", "answer_start": 2305}, {"text": "\u091c\u094b\u0932\u0940/\u092a\u093f\u091f \u092b\u093e\u0909\u0902\u0921\u0947\u0936\u0928", "answer_start": 3088}, {"text": "81%", "answer_start": 943}, {"text": "1824", "answer_start": 687}, {"text": "\u092e\u091c\u0926\u0942\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923", "answer_start": 1471}, {"text": "1824", "answer_start": 1152}, {"text": "1920", "answer_start": 1846}, {"text": "1911", "answer_start": 118}, {"text": "15,000", "answer_start": 215}, {"text": "1949", "answer_start": 128}, {"text": "4.2 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928", "answer_start": 1919}, {"text": "\u0908\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092b\u093c\u0917\u093c\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928", "answer_start": 451}, {"text": "\u0939\u0947\u0930\u093e\u0924 \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923", "answer_start": 139}, {"text": "\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0948\u092e\u093e\u0928", "answer_start": 18}, {"text": "8.0 \u0924\u0940\u0935\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e", "answer_start": 361}, {"text": "\u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940", "answer_start": 44}, {"text": "\u092e\u0928\u0936\u094d\u0936\u0947 Sogavare", "answer_start": 36}, {"text": "Rennell \u0914\u0930 Bellona \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923, Tikopia, Anuta \u0914\u0930 Fatutaka \u0938\u0941\u0926\u0942\u0930 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, Sikaiana \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930-\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935, \u0914\u0930 Luaniua \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930", "answer_start": 40}, {"text": "\u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e", "answer_start": 16}, {"text": "2007", "answer_start": 41}, {"text": "\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0940\u0932\u092c\u0930\u094d\u0917", "answer_start": 239}, {"text": "\u091c\u093e\u0945\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0932\u0930", "answer_start": 47}, {"text": "1956 \u0914\u0930 1959", "answer_start": 181}, {"text": "\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0902\u091a \u092b\u0941\u091f\u092c\u0949\u0932 \u0939\u0932\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902", "answer_start": 74}, {"text": "\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u091a\u0940\u091c \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f", "answer_start": 60}, {"text": "2014", "answer_start": 227}, {"text": "(1999)", "answer_start": 37}, {"text": "\u0936\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0940\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0928 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940", "answer_start": 222}, {"text": "\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0935\u093e\u0932 (\u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e)", "answer_start": 1025}, {"text": "\u092f\u0939 \u092c\u092b \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u0930, \u092a\u0940\u0932\u093e, \u0932\u093e\u0932, \u092f\u093e \u0917\u0939\u0930\u093e \u092d\u0942\u0930\u093e", "answer_start": 638}, {"text": "\u0920\u0902\u0921\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936", "answer_start": 1403}, {"text": "16,500 \u0914\u0930 47,000 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a", "answer_start": 237}, {"text": "1000 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0940", "answer_start": 494}, {"text": "\u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u091f\u0932\u0940", "answer_start": 763}, {"text": "\u090f\u0915 \u092c\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u092f\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e", "answer_start": 1103}, {"text": "\u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940", "answer_start": 565}, {"text": "1960 \u092e\u0947\u0902", "answer_start": 1523}, {"text": "\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0948\u0928 \u0932\u0940, \u0932\u0948\u0930\u0940 \u0932\u093f\u092c\u0947\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0948\u0915 \u0915\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0940", "answer_start": 94}, {"text": "\u091a\u094b\u0930", "answer_start": 14}, {"text": "\u092f\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0932\u0942\u092a \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928", "answer_start": 226}, {"text": "\u091f\u094b\u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b", "answer_start": 226}, {"text": "\u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e\u090f\u0902", "answer_start": 408}, {"text": "\u0905\u0917\u0948\u0925\u094b\u0915\u094b\u0932\u0940\u092f\u093e", "answer_start": 114}, {"text": "\u0915\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e", "answer_start": 98}, {"text": "\u092a\u094b\u092e\u0947\u0930\u0947\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0928", "answer_start": 437}, {"text": "\u0932\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0947", "answer_start": 196}, {"text": "1965 \u092e\u0947\u0902", "answer_start": 490}, {"text": "\u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u091d\u0930\u0928\u0947", "answer_start": 275}, {"text": "\u0939\u0947\u0932\u0940\u0915\u093e\u092a\u094d\u091f\u0930", "answer_start": 493}, {"text": "\u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924", "answer_start": 176}, {"text": "\u091f\u0947\u092a\u094d\u091f\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932", "answer_start": 12}, {"text": "\u0911\u0921\u093f\u0936\u0928", "answer_start": 390}, {"text": "\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0932\u0928", "answer_start": 262}, {"text": "\u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e", "answer_start": 294}, {"text": "\u0911\u0928 \u0925\u094d\u0930\u0942 \u0926 \u0928\u093e\u0908\u091f", "answer_start": 25}, {"text": "\u090f\u0938\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0915", "answer_start": 410}, {"text": "\u0938\u093f\u0930\u0915\u093e", "answer_start": 18}, {"text": "\u092a\u0948\u0932\u0947\u0921\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u093f\u091f\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0949\u0932\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u094d\u0932", "answer_start": 324}, {"text": "\u0938\u093f\u0930\u0915\u093e", "answer_start": 393}, {"text": "\u0915\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093f\u0932", "answer_start": 387}, {"text": "\u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u0936\u094d\u092e\u0947", "answer_start": 442}, {"text": "\u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0926\u092c \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902", "answer_start": 1024}, {"text": "\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e", "answer_start": 272}, {"text": "\u092b\u0940\u0928\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938", "answer_start": 492}, {"text": "\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0924\u091f", "answer_start": 97}, {"text": "\u0928\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094d\u091c\u094b\u0932\u094d\u0921 \u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930", "answer_start": 157}, {"text": "\u0927\u0928\u0930\u093e\u0936\u093f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930", "answer_start": 426}, {"text": "\u0905\u0936\u093e\u0916\u0928\u0940\u092f \u091c\u094b\u0916\u093f\u092e (non-diversifiable risk)", "answer_start": 351}, {"text": "\u092c\u0940\u091c\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u092e\u092f", "answer_start": 106}, {"text": "\u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u0913\u0932\u092e\u094d\u092a\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u096a\u096b \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947", "answer_start": 32}, {"text": "\u0924\u0940\u0928", "answer_start": 157}, {"text": "\u0926\u094b", "answer_start": 272}, {"text": "\u0967\u096b\u0966-\u0969\u096b\u0966 \u0932\u093e\u0916 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935", "answer_start": 103}, {"text": "\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u092f", "answer_start": 285}, {"text": "670,797", "answer_start": 647}, {"text": "\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0928", "answer_start": 15}, {"text": "\u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092e\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u0910\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094d\u092b\u093c", "answer_start": 129}, {"text": "\u0939\u0947\u0928\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u092d\u0947\u091c \u0926\u0947\u0902", "answer_start": 380}, {"text": "1665", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0940\u092c\u0928\u0940\u091c", "answer_start": 42}, {"text": "\u0915\u0948\u0902\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091c \u092f\u093e \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u092b\u093c\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0921", "answer_start": 64}, {"text": "\u0930\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0930\u0902\u0917\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948", "answer_start": 32}, {"text": "\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0947", "answer_start": 114}, {"text": "\u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u092b\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u093e\u0932\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902", "answer_start": 180}, {"text": "\u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0940 \u0925\u0947", "answer_start": 78}, {"text": "\u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u0932 \u0907\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u091a\u093e\u0901\u0926 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u0947 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0926\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964", "answer_start": 51}, {"text": "\u092f\u0926\u093f \u092c\u0932 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u094b, \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948", "answer_start": 160}, {"text": "\u0930\u093f\u091a\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0928", "answer_start": 444}, {"text": "\u0925\u0915\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0927", "answer_start": 1015}, {"text": "\u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928\u093e\u092a\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0938", "answer_start": 181}, {"text": "\u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0926\u093e", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "\u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938,", "answer_start": 394}, {"text": "\u091c\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0928\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928", "answer_start": 1093}, {"text": "\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0902\u0915\u094b", "answer_start": 517}, {"text": "\u092a\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091f \u0911\u092b\u093c \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0932", "answer_start": 702}, {"text": "\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0928\u0947\u091f", "answer_start": 397}, {"text": "38 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0921\u0949\u0932\u0930", "answer_start": 285}, {"text": "\u092d\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e", "answer_start": 115}, {"text": "\u092e\u0942\u0924\u094d\u0930 (\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0947\u092e\u091f\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0947\u091f \u0914\u0930 / \u092f\u093e \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0930\u0935\u094d\u092f\u092e\u093e\u0928", "answer_start": 42}, {"text": "\u092c\u0922\u093c \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964", "answer_start": 189}, {"text": "\u091c\u093c\u0930\u093e\u0917\u094b\u091c\u093c\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0927\u093f", "answer_start": 979}, {"text": "5 \u0938\u093f\u0924\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0930 1494", "answer_start": 903}, {"text": "\u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915 \u092a\u0947\u092a\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u0938\u0930, \u0939\u0932\u094d\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0927\u0941\u092e\u0947\u0939, \u092f\u093e \u0906\u092e\u093e\u0936\u092f\u0936\u094b\u0925 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0938\u094d\u092a\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0921\u093e\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0932\u093e\u0939 \u0932\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u092b\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902", "answer_start": 285}, {"text": "\u091c\u093f\u0928 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0907\u092c\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u0947\u0928 \u092f\u093e \u0928\u0948\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0947\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0932\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0940 \u0939\u094b,", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "\u090f\u0915 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u092b\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0938", "answer_start": 1026}, {"text": "0.1 \u0938\u0947 0.2 \u0932\u0940/\u0915\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e", "answer_start": 840}, {"text": "\u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0915", "answer_start": 449}, {"text": "23", "answer_start": 60}, {"text": "\u0938\u0948\u0928 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094b", "answer_start": 118}, {"text": "\u092e\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0915", "answer_start": 819}, {"text": "\u091c\u093f\u0932\u093e 5", "answer_start": 172}, {"text": "\u0935\u094d\u0939\u093e\u0907\u091f", "answer_start": 57}, {"text": "\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u0947\u0924\u0928 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f", "answer_start": 149}, {"text": "\u090f\u0915 \u0924\u0939\u0916\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u093f\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947", "answer_start": 85}, {"text": "\u092e\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u092a\u0930", "answer_start": 32}, {"text": "\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0928 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917\u0930,", "answer_start": 658}, {"text": "\u091c\u093f\u0938 \u0921\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092f\u0939\u0942\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u0939 \u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948", "answer_start": 302}, {"text": "\u0905\u0930\u092c\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u0940", "answer_start": 213}, {"text": "\u092a\u0949\u091f\u0930", "answer_start": 5}, {"text": "\u0932\u093e\u0932\u093f\u092e\u093e\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924", "answer_start": 355}, {"text": "\u0938\u0902\u0915\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0923,", "answer_start": 272}, {"text": "\u0930\u0949\u092c\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0932\u094b\u0930\u0947\u0928, \u091c\u0947\u092e\u094d\u0938 \u0939\u0947\u0928\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u0949\u092f\u0938 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u090f. \u0908. \u091c\u0949\u0930\u094d\u091c", "answer_start": 130}, {"text": "\u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940", "answer_start": 249}, {"text": "\u091c\u0949\u092f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915", "answer_start": 511}, {"text": "\u091b\u0939", "answer_start": 285}, {"text": "\u090f\u0925\u0940\u091f\u0949\u092f\u0921", "answer_start": 310}, {"text": "15 \u0907\u0902\u091a", "answer_start": 179}, {"text": "\u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0908\u0938\u093e\u0907\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f", "answer_start": 233}, {"text": "\u0915\u094b\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927", "answer_start": 721}, {"text": "\u0917\u094b\u0917\u0941\u0930\u0940\u0913", "answer_start": 175}, {"text": "18 \u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0927 \u0938\u0947 19 \u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924", "answer_start": 10}, {"text": "473035", "answer_start": 306}, {"text": "1972", "answer_start": 119}, {"text": "485000 \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0907\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e", "answer_start": 805}, {"text": "\u0967\u096f\u096e\u096c", "answer_start": 49}, {"text": "\u092c\u0948\u0938\u093f\u0932\u0938 \u0925\u0941\u0930\u093f\u0902\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0938", "answer_start": 482}, {"text": "\u0915\u0941\u0935\u0948\u0924 \u0928\u0917\u0930,", "answer_start": 398}, {"text": "\u0936\u0947\u0916 \u092b\u0939\u0926 \u0905\u0932-\u0938\u092c\u093e", "answer_start": 146}, {"text": "\u091b\u0939", "answer_start": 13}, {"text": "\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939", "answer_start": 22}, {"text": "\u091c\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0928\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u094b\u0932\u0948\u0923\u094d\u0921 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923", "answer_start": 18}, {"text": "\u0936\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0940\u0932\u0947", "answer_start": 681}, {"text": "\u0928\u0935\u0902\u092c\u0930", "answer_start": 24}, {"text": "\u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940,", "answer_start": 20}, {"text": "\u0932\u0949\u0938 \u090f\u0902\u091c\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0938", "answer_start": 196}, {"text": "20 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0942\u092c\u0930 2007", "answer_start": 491}, {"text": "\u090f\u0938-21", "answer_start": 166}, {"text": "\u092a\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u0941'", "answer_start": 1}, {"text": "\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0915\u094d\u0932\u093f\u0911\u0928", "answer_start": 94}, {"text": "\u0926\u094b", "answer_start": 510}, {"text": "480 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b", "answer_start": 119}, {"text": "\u0909\u091c\u093c\u092c\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928", "answer_start": 128}, {"text": "\u0968\u0966\u0966\u096a", "answer_start": 54}, {"text": "\u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091c \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f", "answer_start": 51}, {"text": "17\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0930\u0902\u092d \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0906\u0907\u091c\u0915 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0928 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0932\u0948\u092c\u094d\u0928\u0940\u091c \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0928\u0915 \u0925\u0947\u0964", "answer_start": 143}, {"text": "\u0915\u094b\u0932\u092e\u094d\u092c\u093f\u092f\u093e", "answer_start": 22}, {"text": "\u0915\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940", "answer_start": 190}, {"text": "\u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "\u091c\u0947\u092e\u094d\u0938", "answer_start": 62}, {"text": "\u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u093e", "answer_start": 178}, {"text": "\u0938\u093f\u091c\u0947\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0938\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928", "answer_start": 18}, {"text": "\u092c\u0947\u0932\u093e", "answer_start": 3}, {"text": "\u0938\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0930\u092e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939", "answer_start": 197}, {"text": "\u090f\u0921\u094b\u0928\u093f\u0938", "answer_start": 166}, {"text": "\u090f\u0921\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 20 \u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0938\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0938\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940 \u092c\u0930\u0915\u0930\u093e\u0930 \u0930\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "\u092a\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094b", "answer_start": 59}, {"text": "\u0938\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f", "answer_start": 282}, {"text": "\u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930", "answer_start": 127}, {"text": "\u090f\u0932\u093f\u0938", "answer_start": 27}, {"text": "24 \u0918\u0902\u091f\u0947", "answer_start": 166}, {"text": "\u092e\u094c\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917", "answer_start": 399}, {"text": "\u0907\u0930\u093e\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923", "answer_start": 1188}, {"text": "\u090f\u092f\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092b\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0947\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0930\u094d\u0938", "answer_start": 185}, {"text": "\u092a\u0948\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u091f", "answer_start": 102}, {"text": "NTFS V3.0", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "CryptoAPI", "answer_start": 124}, {"text": "\u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0921\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0921 \u0915\u0941\u0902\u091c\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902", "answer_start": 863}, {"text": "Windows \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u0947\u0936\u0928\u0932, \u0905\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0940\u092e\u0947\u091f \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0921 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093e\u0924 \u092f\u093e Windows \u0921\u094b\u092e\u0947\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0908\u091c\u093c \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u091f\u0942\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947", "answer_start": 84}, {"text": "4", "answer_start": 1024}, {"text": "232-1 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930", "answer_start": 141}, {"text": "\u0938\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0909\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917", "answer_start": 306}, {"text": "' \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0940 ' \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0902\u091f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b ' \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e '", "answer_start": 223}, {"text": "97", "answer_start": 549}, {"text": "\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e 25%", "answer_start": 142}, {"text": "98%", "answer_start": 272}, {"text": "\u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u092f\u0935\u0924\u093e (Structural isomerism) \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093f\u092e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u092f\u0935\u0924\u093e (Stereo-isomerism)", "answer_start": 48}, {"text": "1617", "answer_start": 338}, {"text": "2016", "answer_start": 390}, {"text": "\u0969\u0966 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0932, \u0967\u096f\u096e\u096b)", "answer_start": 48}, {"text": "\u092a\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0936 \u092f\u0939\u0942\u0926\u0940, \u0911\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e-\u092f\u0939\u0942\u0926\u0940, \u091c\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0928-\u092f\u0939\u0942\u0926\u0940, \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u0947\u0915-\u092f\u0939\u0942\u0926\u0940", "answer_start": 400}, {"text": "\u0917\u0942\u0917\u0932", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "\u092d\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0939 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927", "answer_start": 347}, {"text": "\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902", "answer_start": 641}, {"text": "\u0927\u0942\u092e\u094d\u0930\u092a\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u0947\u092b\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0948\u0902\u0938\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u0939\u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927", "answer_start": 40}, {"text": "\u091c\u093e\u0901\u091a \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0917\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932", "answer_start": 556}, {"text": "\u0935\u093f\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0938", "answer_start": 890}, {"text": "\u0936\u093e\u0945", "answer_start": 435}, {"text": "\u0938\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e", "answer_start": 465}, {"text": "\u0905\u0917\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u0968\u0968, \u0968\u0966\u0967\u0967 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u0930, \u0926\u093f\u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0930 \u0967\u0966, \u0968\u0966\u0967\u0967 \u0924\u0915", "answer_start": 250}, {"text": "\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932", "answer_start": 357}, {"text": "18 \u00b0\u0938\u0947.", "answer_start": 611}, {"text": "\u0926\u094b", "answer_start": 526}, {"text": "\u0967\u096f\u096d\u096e", "answer_start": 172}, {"text": "\u0924\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u092a\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u092b\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e", "answer_start": 307}, {"text": "\u0905\u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924", "answer_start": 47}, {"text": "DKK 2.14 \u0915\u0930\u094b\u0921\u093c (1988 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930)", "answer_start": 414}, {"text": "\u092e\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092a\u094b\u0932\u093f\u091f\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930", "answer_start": 384}, {"text": "\u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0940\u0920\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0924\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947, \u092e\u094b\u091f\u094b \u092e\u094b\u091f\u094b \u0928\u093e\u092e\u0915 \u0939\u093f\u092a\u094d\u092a\u094b", "answer_start": 446}, {"text": "\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u092e\u0930 \u0915\u0947", "answer_start": 414}, {"text": "1988", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "\u090a\u0924\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928", "answer_start": 17}, {"text": "1984", "answer_start": 404}, {"text": "9 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0942\u092c\u0930 2010", "answer_start": 418}, {"text": "\u091a\u0947\u092c\u0930\u0915\u0941\u0932 \u091d\u0940\u0932", "answer_start": 508}, {"text": "\u092b\u093c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u094b\u0902\u091f \u092c\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0901\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u093e\u0921\u093c", "answer_start": 148}, {"text": "\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f, \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928", "answer_start": 262}, {"text": "\u0932\u0942\u091c\u093c", "answer_start": 383}, {"text": "\u0915\u0948\u0928\u0947\u0921\u0940\u092f\u0928", "answer_start": 122}, {"text": "\u091c\u0928\u0935\u0930\u0940,", "answer_start": 22}, {"text": "\u0915\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0915\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u091f\u094b\u0902\u0917\u093e", "answer_start": 102}, {"text": "\u0939\u091c\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902", "answer_start": 411}, {"text": "\u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0913\u0902", "answer_start": 644}, {"text": "\u0905\u092b\u093c\u0917\u093c\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928", "answer_start": 13}, {"text": "\u091c\u0942\u0928 2007", "answer_start": 620}, {"text": "\u092e\u0947\u091f\u0932\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0907\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917", "answer_start": 246}, {"text": "\u0924\u092e\u093f\u0932", "answer_start": 21}, {"text": "\u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b, \u091f\u0947\u0932\u0940\u0935\u093f\u091c\u0928, \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0928\u0947\u091f \u092a\u0930 \u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e \u0930\u093f\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902", "answer_start": 32}, {"text": "\u091f\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0938 \u0905&\u092e \u092f\u0942\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0938\u093f\u091f\u0940", "answer_start": 342}, {"text": "\u0926\u0947\u0939\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902", "answer_start": 381}, {"text": "\u0905\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e", "answer_start": 214}, {"text": "\u092e\u0948\u0915 \u0913\u090f\u0938 X \u0914\u0930 Microsoft Windows", "answer_start": 94}, {"text": "\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0930\u0939\u093f\u0924", "answer_start": 203}, {"text": "120 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928", "answer_start": 966}, {"text": "\u096a\u096d\u096c,\u096e\u0968\u0966", "answer_start": 47}, {"text": "\u0925\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0935\u0902\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e", "answer_start": 89}, {"text": "\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0942\u0938 \u092a\u0930 \u091a\u0922\u093c\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964", "answer_start": 1094}, {"text": "269 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937", "answer_start": 10}, {"text": "\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940", "answer_start": 669}, {"text": "\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930", "answer_start": 190}]}