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README.md
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license: cc-by-sa-4.0
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---
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license: cc-by-sa-4.0
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pretty_name: Russian Foreign Words
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language:
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- ru
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tags:
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- russian
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- dictionary
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size_categories:
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- 10K<n<100K
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---
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# Russian Foreign Words
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This dataset is based on the [Dictionary of Foreign Words](https://ruslang.ru/sites/default/files/doc/normativnyje_slovari/slovar_inostr_slov.pdf) developed by the Institute for Linguistic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
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## Usage
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The dataset can be loaded using the Hugging Face `datasets` library.
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```python
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from datasets import load_dataset
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dataset = load_dataset("rustemgareev/russian-foreign-words", split='train')
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```
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## Dataset Structure
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Each entry in the dataset represents a dictionary article and is stored as a JSON object with the following fields:
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- **`id`** (`string`): Unique identifier for the entry (e.g., `"kafe"`). Generated from the headword and optional homonym number (e.g., `"kafedra_1"`).
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- **`headword`** (`string`): The headword in lowercase, without stress marks. Used for easy searching and matching (e.g., `"кафе"`).
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- **`headword_stressed`** (`string`): The headword in lowercase with stress mark (U+0301). Preserves the original pronunciation guide (e.g., `"кафе́"`).
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- **`homonym_number`** (`integer` or `null`): Homonym index if the headword has multiple entries (e.g., `1`, `2`). `null` if there's only one entry.
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- **`grammar`** (`string`): Raw grammatical information extracted from the source (e.g., `"нескл., ср."` for indeclinable neuter).
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- **`etymology`** (`string` or `null`): Etymology of the word, typically enclosed in square brackets in the source (e.g., `"франц. café < café кофе < араб. qahwa"`).
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- **`source_language`** (`string` or `null`): The origin language extracted from the etymology field. Uses ISO 639-1 two-letter codes for most languages (e.g., `"fr"` for French, `"ar"` for Arabic); for Ancient Greek, the three-letter code `"grc"` (ISO 639-3) is used. `null` if language cannot be determined.
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- **`see_also`** (`string` or `null`): Cross-reference to another entry. Present when the article is a redirect or suggests looking up another word (e.g., `"СМ. АВИАЦИЯ"`).
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- **`senses`** (`array` of objects): List of meanings (senses) for the headword. Each object contains the following fields:
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- **`number`** (`integer` or `null`): The sense number if multiple meanings exist. `null` for single-meaning entries or introductory text.
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- **`domain`** (`string` or `null`): Subject area or domain label (e.g., `"В музыке"` – "In music"). Applies to the specific sense.
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- **`style_label`** (`string` or `null`): Stylistic or register label (e.g., `"Разговорное"` – "Colloquial"). Note that abbreviations like `"Разг."` are expanded to full forms during processing.
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- **`definition`** (`string`): The definition or explanation of the sense.
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- **`examples`** (`array` of strings): Usage examples illustrating the sense in context. Each example is split into individual sentences.
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- **`collocations`** (`array` of objects): Common phrases or compound terms related to the sense. Each object has:
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- **`text`** (`string`): The phrase itself.
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- **`definition`** (`string`): Optional explanation of the phrase.
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### Example Entry
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```json
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{
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"id": "kafe",
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"headword": "кафе",
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"headword_stressed": "кафе́",
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"homonym_number": null,
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"grammar": "нескл., ср.",
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"etymology": "франц. café < café кофе < араб. qahwa",
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"source_language": "fr",
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"see_also": null,
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"senses": [
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{
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"number": null,
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"domain": null,
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"style_label": null,
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"definition": "Предприятие общественного питания более низкого класса, чем ресторан, с подачей закусок, несложных горячих блюд, напитков, кондитерских изделий",
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"examples": [
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"Дорогое, дешевое кафе.",
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"Летнее кафе.",
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"Снять кафе для проведения банкета.",
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"Работать поваром, официантом в кафе.",
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"Пообедать в кафе."
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],
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"collocations": []
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}
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]
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}
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```
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## License
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The dataset is distributed under the [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0)](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) license.
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