[
    {"question":"What subtribe do cattle belong to?", "A":"Bovina", "B":"Bubalina", "C":"Pseudoryina", "correct":"A"},
    {"question":"What genus do cattle belong to?", "A":"Bos", "B":"Tetracerus", "C":"Boselaphus", "correct":"A"},
    {"question":"What is Cattle's binomial name?", "A":"Bos taurus", "B":"Panthera tigris", "C":"Bison bison", "correct":"A"},
    {"question":"Is cattle's and bison's subfamily same?", "A":"Yes", "B":"No", "C":"I don't know", "correct":"A"},
    {"question":"Highland Cattle is unique because ...", "A":"It has long horns", "B":"It's fluffy", "C":"It's used in bullfight", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"What conservation status does plains bison have as of 2022?", "A":"Vulnerable", "B":"Near Threatened", "C":"Least Concern", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"How many chambers does cattle have?", "A":"2", "B":"3", "C":"4", "correct":"C"},
    {"question":"What is use of fleckvieh cows?", "A":"dual-purpose", "B":"meat", "C":"milk", "correct":"A"},
    {"question":"What is Simmental cow named after?", "A":"river", "B":"valley", "C":"country", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"When first Simmental cattle arrived in Russia?", "A":"By 1950", "B":"By 1980", "C":"By 1850", "correct":"C"},
    {"question":"What were name of crossbreed of Grey steppe cattle x Simmental bulls?", "A":"Steppe Simmental", "B":"Ukrainian Simmental", "C":"Volga Simmental", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"What of this other names are applied to Highland Cattle?", "A":"Kyloe", "B":"Charolais", "C":"Angus", "correct":"A"},
    {"question":"What is nose ring in calfs for?", "A":"To prevent it from suckling", "B":"For decoration", "C":"So bull will not damage himself", "correct":"A"},
    {"question":"What is hereford cattle usage?", "A":"Beef", "B":"Milk", "C":"dual-usage", "correct":"A"},
    {"question":"What is country of origin of hereford cattle?", "A":"United Kingdom", "B":"United States of America", "C":"Russia", "correct":"A"},
    {"question":"Hereford cattle are well adapted to ...", "A":"Cold climates", "B":"Hot climates", "C":"Rain", "correct":"A"},
    {"question":"What is country of origin of Aberdeen Angus?", "A":"USA", "B":"Poland", "C":"Scotland", "correct":"C"},
    {"question":"What is full name of Angus (the scottish breed)?", "A":"Aberdeen Angus", "B":"Angus Burger", "C":"Angus Herald", "correct":"A"},
    {"question":"What is indicating emotional state of cows?", "A":"Mooing", "B":"Ear posture", "C":"Head position", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"What is average sleep time in cows?", "A":"2 hours", "B":"4 hours", "C":"10 hours", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"In what pose do cows sleep?", "A":"Standing up", "B":"Laying down", "C":"Sitting", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"Who is the largest biomass of any animal species on Earth?", "A":"Elephants", "B":"Cattle", "C":"Cats", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"Where is cattle slaughter prohibited?", "A":"Indian Union and Nepal", "B":"Russia and USA", "C":"China and Japan", "correct":"A"},
    {"question":"What is the average weight of male Yakutian Cattle?", "A":"350-400kg", "B":"500-600kg", "C":"650+kg", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"Yakutian Cattle are relativily ... in size", "A":"small", "B":"large", "C":"fat", "correct":"A"},
    {"question": "In which region of Russia are Yakutian cattle primarily found?", "A": "Sakha Republic (Yakutia)", "B": "Krasnodar Krai", "C": "Murmansk Oblast", "correct": "A"},
    {"question": "What is the conservation status of Yakutian cattle according to FAO?", "A": "Least Concern", "B": "Critically Endangered", "C": "Endangered", "correct": "C"},
    {"question": "What unique adaptation helps Yakutian cattle survive temperatures below -50°C?", "A": "Hibernation", "B": "Thick double-layered coat", "C": "Burrowing underground", "correct": "B"},
    {"question": "What is the typical milk fat content of Yakutian cattle?", "A": "2-3%", "B": "5-6%", "C": "10-12%", "correct": "B"},
    {"question": "How many Yakutian cattle were estimated to exist in the early 21st century?", "A": "Fewer than 1,200", "B": "10,000-15,000", "C": "Over 50,000", "correct": "A"},
    {"question": "What color pattern is commonly seen in Yakutian cattle?", "A": "Solid black only", "B": "Black and white patchy", "C": "Various colors including black, red, and spotted, with a white dorsal stripe", "correct": "C"},
    {"question": "Yakutian cattle are genetically most closely related to which group?", "A": "European taurine cattle", "B": "East Asian zebu", "C": "Turano-Mongolian cattle", "correct": "C"},
    {"question": "What is the primary use of Yakutian cattle by indigenous communities?", "A": "Triple-purpose (beef, dairy, and draft)", "B": "Only for draught power", "C": "Only for religious ceremonies", "correct": "A"},
    {"question": "What horn characteristic do both male and female Yakutian cattle share?", "A": "No horns", "B": "Short, stubby horns", "C": "Horned; variable shape and direction", "correct": "C"},
    {"question": "What is the typical height at the withers of a Yakutian cow?", "A": "90-100 cm", "B": "110-112 cm", "C": "130-140 cm", "correct": "B"},
    {"question": "How do Yakutian cattle obtain water in winter when rivers are frozen?", "A": "Eating snow", "B": "They do not drink for months", "C": "Digging wells in ice", "correct": "A"},
    {"question": "What is the average annual milk yield of a Yakutian cow (in liters)?", "A": "500-800 L", "B": "1,000 - 1,112 L", "C": "3,000-4,000 L", "correct": "B"},
    {"question": "Which historical event caused a severe decline in Yakutian cattle numbers in the 20th century?", "A": "Collectivization and crossbreeding policies", "B": "Outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease", "C": "Volcanic eruption", "correct": "A"},
    {"question": "What is the typical birth weight of a Yakutian calf?", "A": "10-15 kg", "B": "19-21 kg", "C": "35-40 kg", "correct": "B"},
    {"question": "Which of these breeds is considered the closest relative to Yakutian cattle?", "A": "Highland Cattle", "B": "Kalmyk Cattle", "C": "Japanese Wagyu", "correct": "B"},
    {"question":"Where did Highland cattle originate?", "A":"Scottish Highlands and Islands", "B":"Irish Lowlands", "C":"Welsh Valleys", "correct":"A"},
    {"question":"What is a notable characteristic of the Highland breed?", "A":"A short, sleek coat for hot climates", "B":"A long, shaggy double coat for insulation", "C":"A spotted pattern for camouflage", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"What is the primary modern use of Highland cattle?", "A":"Milk production", "B":"Beef production", "C":"Draft animals", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"What conservation status did the FAO assign to Highland cattle in 2007?", "A":"Not at risk", "B":"Endangered", "C":"Vulnerable", "correct":"A"},
    {"question":"What is another name for Highland cattle, particularly those from the Hebrides?", "A":"Hereford", "B":"Kyloe", "C":"Angus", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"What is the name for the long fringe of hair over a Highland cow's eyes, which protects them from the elements?", "A":"Dossan", "B":"Flehmen", "C":"Mane", "correct":"A"},
    {"question":"A group of Highland cattle is uniquely known as what?", "A":"A herd", "B":"A fold", "C":"A flock", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"What purpose do the large horns of Highland cattle serve in the summer?", "A":"Digging for roots", "B":"Heat dissipation to stay cool", "C":"Display during mating rituals", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"In what year was the first herd book for Highland cattle published?", "A":"1785", "B":"1885", "C":"1905", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"In what year was the Highland Cattle Society founded in Scotland?", "A":"1778", "B":"1884", "C":"1923", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"What is the average lifespan of a Highland cow?", "A":"5-10 years", "B":"15-20 years", "C":"25-30 years", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"What is a characteristic of Highland beef?", "A":"It is high in fat and cholesterol", "B":"It is known for being lean and tender", "C":"It has a very gamey and strong flavor", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"Which of these colors is NOT traditionally found in Highland cattle?", "A":"Red", "B":"Brindle", "C":"Blue", "correct":"C"},
    {"question":"What is the nickname for Highland cattle in the Scots language?", "A":"Bò Ghàidhealach", "B":"Heilan coo", "C":"Cow Shaggy", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"Highland cattle are known for being particularly good at what?", "A":"Converting poor quality forage into beef", "B":"Producing large volumes of milk", "C":"Winning conformation shows", "correct":"A"},
    {"question":"Highland cattle have hair that is recognized by Guinness World Records as what?", "A":"The thickest coat of any animal", "B":"The longest hair of any cattle breed", "C":"The most colorful coat pattern", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"What feature helps protect Highland cattle from pinkeye and other fly-related issues?", "A":"Their wide hooves", "B":"Their long, sweeping horns", "C":"Their long eyelashes and forelock (dossan)", "correct":"C"},
    {"question":"What is the approximate gestation period for a Highland cow?", "A":"6-7 months", "B":"9-10 months", "C":"11-12 months", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"What unique characteristic describes the milk produced by Highland cows?", "A":"High in butterfat", "B":"Low in protein", "C":"Contains naturally occurring probiotics", "correct":"A"},
    {"question":"A group of Highland cattle is often led by whom in the absence of a bull?", "A":"The youngest female", "B":"The oldest female", "C":"The strongest male", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"During winter, Highland cattle primarily use their horns for what?", "A":"Fighting for territory", "B":"Digging through snow to access vegetation", "C":"Sharpening tools on rocks", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"Highland cattle are well-suited for conservation grazing because they prefer what?", "A":"Only the most tender grasses", "B":"A wide variety of coarse plants and shrubs", "C":"Grazing only at night", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"What is a traditional color of Highland cattle, characterized by a mix of dark and light hairs?", "A":"Piebald", "B":"Brindle", "C":"Roan", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"The outer coat of a Highland cow is typically described as what?", "A":"Soft and downy", "B":"Long, coarse, and oily", "C":"Short and bristly", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"How does the double coat of a Highland cow contribute to its meat quality?", "A":"It makes the meat taste smoky", "B":"It reduces the need for back fat, leading to leaner meat", "C":"It seasons the meat while grazing", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"What is the literal meaning of the German word 'Fleckvieh'?", "A":"Spotted cattle", "B":"Dual-purpose cow", "C":"Mountain breed", "correct":"A"},
    {"question":"In which century did the Fleckvieh breed originate?", "A":"18th century", "B":"19th century", "C":"20th century", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"From which valley in Switzerland does the Fleckvieh's ancestor, the Simmental, originate?", "A":"Rhine Valley", "B":"Simmental", "C":"Engadin", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"Around what year did the import of Simmental cattle into Bavaria and Austria begin, leading to the creation of the Fleckvieh?", "A":"1750", "B":"1830", "C":"1900", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"What is the primary purpose of Fleckvieh cattle in modern breeding?", "A":"Beef production only", "B":"Dual-purpose for milk and meat", "C":"Draft work only", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"What was the historical triple-purpose of the original Simmental and early Fleckvieh ancestors?", "A":"Milk, meat, and leather", "B":"Milk, meat, and draft work", "C":"Milk, hides, and show", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"What is the typical coat color of a Fleckvieh cow?", "A":"Solid black", "B":"Red pied (red with white markings)", "C":"Brown with black stripes", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"Besides being horned, which option is possible for Fleckvieh cattle?", "A":"Polled (naturally hornless)", "B":"Only females are horned", "C":"Always have twisted horns", "correct":"A"},
    {"question":"What is the approximate average weight of an adult Fleckvieh bull?", "A":"500-700 kg", "B":"800-1000 kg", "C":"1100-1300 kg", "correct":"C"},
    {"question":"What is the approximate average weight of an adult Fleckvieh cow?", "A":"400-500 kg", "B":"700-800 kg", "C":"900-1000 kg", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"What is the approximate average height of an adult Fleckvieh cow?", "A":"110-120 cm", "B":"140-150 cm", "C":"160-170 cm", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"What is the average daily weight gain for a growing Fleckvieh bull?", "A":"~750 g", "B":"~1,350 g", "C":"~2,000 g", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"The Fleckvieh's milk is particularly prized for what characteristic, making it excellent for cheese production?", "A":"High water content", "B":"High fat and protein content", "C":"Naturally sweet taste", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"On average, how much milk can a Fleckvieh cow produce per lactation?", "A":"3,000-5,000 kg", "B":"6,000-10,000 kg", "C":"12,000-15,000 kg", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"As of recent data, approximately how many Fleckvieh cattle are there worldwide?", "A":"15 million", "B":"41 million", "C":"70 million", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"Which country has the largest Fleckvieh population in the world?", "A":"Austria", "B":"United States", "C":"Germany", "correct":"C"},
    {"question":"What is the approximate percentage of Fleckvieh cattle in Austria's total cattle population?", "A":"Approximately 30%", "B":"Approximately 60%", "C":"Approximately 85%", "correct":"C"},
    {"question":"What is the conservation status of the Fleckvieh breed as reported by the FAO?", "A":"Vulnerable", "B":"Endangered", "C":"Not at risk", "correct":"C"},
    {"question":"Which US state's university has a 'Beef Cattle Discovery - Breeds' page featuring the Fleckvieh?", "A":"University of California", "B":"University of Kentucky", "C":"University of Texas", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"In what year was the first Austrian Simmental Fleckvieh Breeding Association founded?", "A":"1850", "B":"1894", "C":"1922", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"When did the Fleckvieh breeding program begin to place more emphasis on milk and fitness traits?", "A":"Around 1890", "B":"After 1975", "C":"After 1997", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"What innovative concept was introduced in Fleckvieh breeding in 1997 to balance milk, beef, and fitness traits?", "A":"Genomic Selection Index", "B":"Total Merit Index", "C":"Dual-Purpose Value", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"Which breed is considered the direct ancestor or close relative of the Fleckvieh, and shares the same breed standard in Switzerland?", "A":"Brown Swiss", "B":"Hereford", "C":"Simmental", "correct":"C"},
    {"question":"Besides its use as a dual-purpose breed, for what other purpose is Fleckvieh commonly used in modern agriculture?", "A":"Cross-breeding to improve other breeds", "B":"Show-jumping competitions", "C":"Rodeo events", "correct":"A"},
    {"question":"Fleckvieh cattle are known for their good temperament. Which of these is a trait associated with the breed?", "A":"Aggressiveness and high stress", "B":"Calm character and balance", "C":"Shyness and low productivity", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"Where did Hereford cattle originate?", "A":"Scotland", "B":"Herefordshire, England", "C":"Ireland", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"What is the approximate average weight of a mature Hereford bull?", "A":"750-850 kg", "B":"900-1,000 kg", "C":"1,075 kg (2,350 lb)", "correct":"C"},
    {"question":"What conservation status did DAD‑IS assign to Hereford cattle in 2023?", "A":"Endangered", "B":"Vulnerable", "C":"Not at risk", "correct":"C"},
    {"question":"What are the characteristic colour markings of Hereford cattle?", "A":"Black body with white face", "B":"Red body with white face", "C":"White body with red patches", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"Which of the following best describes the typical temperament of Hereford cattle?", "A":"Aggressive and high‑stress", "B":"Docile and easy to handle", "C":"Nervous and flighty", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"The Polled Hereford variant is naturally hornless because it resulted from what?", "A":"Cross‑breeding with Angus", "B":"A natural genetic mutation", "C":"Surgical dehorning", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"In what year was the first herd book for Hereford cattle published?", "A":"1742", "B":"1846", "C":"1886", "correct":"B"},
    {"question":"For which primary purpose are Hereford cattle raised?", "A":"Dairy production", "B":"Beef production", "C":"Draft work", "correct":"B"},
    {"question": "What is name of castrated male bovine?", "A": "Bull", "B": "Steer", "C": "Heifer", "correct": "B"},
    {"question": "How many unique vocalizations cows have for communicate?", "A": "About 50", "B": "About 125", "C": "About 333", "correct": "C"},
    {"question": "What color cattle cannot see?", "A": "Green", "B": "Blue", "C": "Red", "correct": "C"},
    {"question": "How much saliva cow produce daily from rumination?", "A": "About 50 liters", "B": "About 100 liters", "C": "About 200 liters", "correct": "C"},
    {"question": "Which cattle breed is known as largest in world?", "A": "Chianina", "B": "Holstein-Friesian", "C": "Wagyu", "correct": "A"},
    {"question": "From what animal modern cattle descend?", "A": "European bison", "B": "Aurochs", "C": "Water buffalo", "correct": "B"},
    {"question": "What is approximate total global population of cattle?", "A": "500 million", "B": "1 billion", "C": "1.5 billion", "correct": "C"},
    {"question": "What percent of global greenhouse gas emissions livestock account for?", "A": "About 5%", "B": "About 14.5%", "C": "About 25%", "correct": "B"},
    {"question": "What type of vision cattle have?", "A": "Monocular", "B": "Binocular", "C": "Both monocular and binocular", "correct": "C"},
    {"question": "How many ribs does cattle have?", "A": "10", "B": "11", "C": "13", "correct": "C"}
]